Azerbaijan - Convention on Biological Diversity

Chapter 6 

Existing Measures and Programmes 

for Biodiversity Conservation

Country Study on Biodiversity and First National Report 

The Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> 

Chapter 6 

Existing Measures and Programmes 

for Biodiversity Conservation 

6.1 Legislation and policy 

6.1.1 Laws for environmental protection and regulation 

The constitution of the Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> defines principles for environmental 

protection, ownership of natural resources, and regulations for their use. Accordingly, the 

Republic ultimately owns all natural resources, and no damage must be caused to the 

environment that would affect other’s future use of this resource. Furthermore, everyone 

has the right to live in a healthy environment, and in order to ensure a good lifestyle for 

current and future generations, the State is committed to the improvement of scientific 

approaches and use of modern technologies to protect the environment, to ensure 

sustainable use of resources, and to enrich the natural wealth of the country. 

The legislative framework in the field of the use and conservation of biodiversity within 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> consists of the following legal structures: 

• Parliamentary legislation that establishes the State regulation of strictly protected natural 

areas, and the protection and use of the environment and of biodiversity 

• Presidential Decrees and orders and the resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers that 

ensure the implementation of the major provisions of the laws 

• By-laws of the executive authorities (Ministries and Committees) that specify the 

activities to implement the laws 

• International Agreements and <strong>Convention</strong>s in the field of biodiversity, to which the 

Republic is a signatory. 

After <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> gained its independence, the legislative framework of the country, 

including the area relating to biodiversity, was re-drafted in line with modern international 

standards. Since 1996, 23 laws have been passed that deal with various issues related to the 

use and protection of biodiversity. These address environmental protection, soil 

conservation, internal waters, fauna and flora protection, and fisheries. Of particular note is 

the decision of the Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> “On Environmental Protection” (dated 8 August 

1999) which represents the main legislative document about nature conservation (of land, 

forest and water habitats) and sustainable use. 

The legislative base for Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic follows that for the rest of 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. 

6.1.2 Protected areas legislation 

The Law on Environment Protection (1999) of the Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> defines the 

protected area estate and buffer zones. The Land Code (1999) defines the actual types of 

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areas protected by the State for biodiversity. Brief descriptions of these protected area types 

are given in Section 6.2.1. 

Legislation relating to the protection of water is defined by the “Water Code” of the Republic 

of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> (1997) and includes several types of aquatic habitats including: rivers, lakes, 

the Caspian Sea, wetlands, riparian habitats, river catchments, water sources, and other 

wetland areas related with protected natural resources. Zones protecting water bodies and 

habitats are intended to ensure the health of associated ecosystems, prevent pollution, 

maintain healthy soils, and to protect groundwater. Water bodies with scientific, historical, 

cultural and natural value can also be strictly protected. 

6.1.3 Wildlife protection legislation 

Although there is no single law relating to the protection of biological diversity in 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong>, many laws have been enacted to protect, and ensure sustainable use of, natural 

resources including biodiversity. These include: “Law on Plant Protection” (1996), “Forestry 

Code” (1997), “Law on Fisheries” (1998), “Law on Fauna” (1999) and “Law on Protected 

Areas" (2000), including national parks and reserves (2003) 60. 

The Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources, and the Ministry of Agriculture ensure the 

effective implementation of the relevant laws and resolutions, and the identification of the 

necessary implementation activities. 

6.1.4 Legislation on land use and development 

The legislation relating to land in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> consists of the ‘Land Code’ and some other 

legislative acts. In recent years more than 40 legislative acts have been enacted relating to 

land reform, use of municipal areas, and the land market. Laws enabling land reform were 

enacted in 1995 (on reforms of the sovkhozes and kolkhozes) and 1996 (on land reform; see 

section 2.6). A number of further laws supporting this land reform have been enacted, 

however these laws still require greater harmonization. In addition, other land laws exist, 

such as legislation on land survey and monitoring of lands (1998), and on land fertility 

(1999). 

6.1.5 Legislation on pollution 

In recent years five laws have been enacted to regulate environmental pollutants. These laws 

cover environmental protection (1999), ecological security (1999), atmospheric pollution 

(2001), pesticides and agrochemicals (1997), industrial and domestic waste (1998), and water 

supply and waste water (1999). A number of other laws also refer to the regulation of 

pollutants. 

6.1.6 Other relevant sectoral legislation affecting biodiversity 

Further legislation exists that establishes the penalties for violation of the laws described in 

previous sections. There are 38 articles of The Administrative Code of the Republic of 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> and 15 articles of the Criminal Code of the Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> that define the 

penalties appropriate for individuals and companies for offences against environmental 

protection, use of natural resources, or ecological safety laws. 

60 In addition, a law regarding hunting is currently under discussion by the Parliament. 

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In addition, legislation has been passed on access to environmental information (2002) and 

ecological awareness and public education (2002). 

6.1.7 International agreements and conventions 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> is a member of most international agreements and conventions relating to 

biodiversity (Table 6.1). 

Table 6.1 International environmental conventions ratified by <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> 

International convention Year 

ratified 

UNESCO <strong>Convention</strong> on Protection of World Cultural and Natural 1994 

Heritage 

UN <strong>Convention</strong> on the Control of Transboundary Movements of 2001 

Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal (Basel <strong>Convention</strong>) 

UNESCO <strong>Convention</strong> on Wetlands of International Importance 2000 

especially as Waterfowl Habitat’ (Ramsar <strong>Convention</strong>) 

UN Framework <strong>Convention</strong> on Climate Change 1995 

Protocol on UN Framework <strong>Convention</strong> on Climate Change (Kyoto 2000 

Protocol) 

UN <strong>Convention</strong> on Biological Diversity (CBD) 2000 

UNECE <strong>Convention</strong> on Access to Information, Public Participation in 1999 

Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters 

(Aarhus <strong>Convention</strong>) 

UNECE <strong>Convention</strong> on Environment Impact Assessment in the Trans- 1999 

boundary Context (Espoo <strong>Convention</strong>) 

UNECE <strong>Convention</strong> on Long-range Trans-boundary Air Pollution 2002 

<strong>Convention</strong> on Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural 1999 

Habitats (Bern <strong>Convention</strong>) 

<strong>Convention</strong> on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild 1998 

Fauna and Flora (CITES), and Agreement on Protection of Sturgeons 

UN <strong>Convention</strong> to Combat Desertification (CCD) 1998 

UNECE <strong>Convention</strong> on the Protection and Use of Trans-boundary 2000 

Watercourses and International Lakes (Helsinki <strong>Convention</strong>) 

FAO <strong>Convention</strong> on Plant Protection 2000 

UN <strong>Convention</strong> for the Protection of the Ozone Layer (Vienna 1996 

<strong>Convention</strong>) 

Agreement on Mutual Cooperation of Commonwealth of Independent 1998 

States in the area of Hydrometeorology 

Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer ( Montreal) 2000 

European Agreement about Transportation of Dangerous Loads on 2000 

International Routes 

6.2 Protected Areas Network 

6.2.1. Description and coverage of Protected Areas 

Protected areas are established in order to preserve areas of natural importance from the 

negative effects of human activities. The following categories of protected area are legally 

permitted in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. 

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• Strict nature reserves (or "zapovedniks") including biosphere reserves. Zapovedniks are 

state-owned, strictly protected areas designated for nature protection and scientific 

research. No economic activity is allowed. All have management plans and both 

enforcement and scientific staff. 

• Wildlife sanctuaries (or "zakazniks") are designated for nature protection, but limited 

human activities - for example agriculture - are permitted according to certain 

regulations, provided that they do not adversely affect nature conservation. Land title is 

retained by the original owners. All are managed, often by staff attached to a nearby 

zapovednik. 

• National parks are areas with ecological, historical, and aesthetic values, designated for 

nature protection, environmental awareness, scientific, cultural and other purposes. All 

land and natural resources belong to the Park management authority, and some 

economic activities (including ecological tourism) are allowed. 

• Natural monuments are protected objects that have ecological, cultural or aesthetic value. 

They range in size from individual trees (of which 2,083 over 100 years old are 

designated) to patches of ancient forest, and also include caves, paleontological sites and 

landscapes. Their destruction or damage is strictly forbidden. 

• Zoological parks or gardens 

• Botanic gardens and dendrological parks 

• Health spas and resorts 

• Natural parks may be designated for protection and recreation. There are currently none 

in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. 

• Ecological parks may be created for promoting environmental awareness. There are 

currently none in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. 

There are also special buffer zones around these areas, and other natural areas such as rivers 

and water sources. The level of protection given to different protected areas depends on 

their significance – be it international, national, regional or local. 

A network of protected areas of various types has been created in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> (Table 6.2). 

They are not evenly distributed across the country, but the main landscapes of ecological 

importance are represented within the protected areas system. The Ministry of Ecology and 

Natural Resources manages these reserves, including two National Parks, the Strict Nature 

Reserves, Wildlife Sanctuaries and Natural Monuments. However, around 13% (273) of the 

individual trees, 54% (8,153 ha) of the 15,097 ha of ancient woodland and two of the 37 

geological sites protected as Natural Monuments are currently outside the Ministry's control 

as they are now in the territories occupied by Armenian forces. 

Table 6.2 The number of protected areas established in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. 

Type of reserve Number of reserves 

National Parks ("milli parki") 4 

Strict Nature Reserves ("zapovedniks") 16 

Wildlife Sanctuaries ("zakazniks") 22 

Natural Monuments - Protected trees (over 100 years old) 2,083 

Natural Monuments - Protected geological and paleontological sites 37 

Coastal national park (Baku) 1 

Historical natural state reserve (Gobustan) 1 

The most important protected areas in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> are briefly described below: 

• Aggol Strict Nature Reserve. This reserve was gazetted in 1978, and became a National 

Park in 2003. It is located next to Aggol Wildlife Sanctuary, and was established in order 

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to increase and protect the winter feeding grounds of migratory wetland birds, and to 

restore fisheries. It is situated in the Kura-Araz lowland, and as such is one of the most 

important over-wintering and breeding areas for birds in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. UNESCO included 

this area on the list of wetlands of international importance in 2001. 

• Altiagaj Strict Nature Reserve. This reserve was created in 1990 in order to prevent soil 

erosion in the south-eastern part of the Greater Caucasus, and to restore the rare and 

valuable plants of the Altigaj-Khuzu region. 

• Basitchay Strict Nature Reserve. This reserve was created in 1974, in order to protect 

endangered plain ecosystems, and represents one of the largest protected areas of growth 

of Eastern Platan in the world. Unfortunately the area is within territories occupied by 

Armenian forces, and as such is no longer being actively managed. 

• Garagol Strict Nature Reserve. Created in 1987, this reserve was established in order to 

protect a mountain lake and its surrounding ecosystems. This reserve is also located in 

territories occupied by Armenian forces. 

• Garayazi Strict Nature Reserve. This reserve was created in 1978 in order to protect and 

restore forest ecosystems on the bank of the Kura River. 

• Gizilagaj Strict Nature Reserve. Created in 1929 next to a Wildlife Sanctuary, the reserve 

aims to protect a wintering ground for migratory birds of the Caspian region. This large 

reserve was listed as a Ramsar site in 2001. 

• Zagatala Strict Nature Reserve. This reserve was created in 1929 to protect the natural 

habitats (mainly (alpine meadows and forests) of the southern area of the Greater 

Caucasus. 

• Ilisu Strict Nature Reserve. This reserve was created in 1987 in order to protect natural 

ecosystems of the southern area of the Greater Caucasus that were threatened by erosion. 

In 2003 the reserve was expanded to 17,300 ha. 

• Ismayilli Strict Nature Reserve. This reserve was created in 1981 in order to protect 

natural ecosystems of the southern area of the Greater Caucasus. In 2003 the reserve was 

expanded to 16,700 ha. 

• Turyanchay Strict Nature Reserve. Created in 1958 the reserve was established to 

protect and restore the forest landscapes of the Bozdag area, and to prevent soil erosion. 

The area was expanded to 22,500 ha in 2003. 

• Goy-gol Strict Nature Reserve. This reserve, established in 1925, was the first in 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. It was created in order to protect the natural ecosystems of the north-eastern 

area of the Lesser Caucasus. The reserve has changed status several times, and it was 

classified as a strict nature reserve in 1965. There are two parts to the reserve - the main 

Goy-gol area, and the “Eldar shami”. These areas protect the arid forest on the Gabarli 

River, and also safeguard a population of Eldar pines (Pinus eldarica), a restricted range 

species. 

• Pirgulu Strict Nature Reserve. This reserve was created in 1968, in order to protect the 

mountain and forest landscapes of the south-eastern Greater Caucasus. Specifically, the 

reserve protects important plants, prevents erosion, and conserves important forest 

stands. In 2003 the reserve was expanded to 4,270 ha. 

• Hirkan Strict Nature Reserve. This reserve is situated in the damp sub-tropical Lankaran 

region. It was created in 1936 in order to protect forest cover and the endemic species of 

the region. Its name and status have changed several times, most recently in 1969. 

• Shirvan Strict Nature Reserve. This reserve, created in 1969, aims to protect the 

mammals (specifically the goitred gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa), and migratory birds of 

the Shirvan plain. The total area of the reserve is approximately 6,200 ha. In 2003 Shirvan 

National Park, covering 54,373 ha, was created next to the Shirvan Strict Nature Reserve 

and Bendovan Wildlife Sanctuary. 

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• Shahbuz Strict Nature Reserve. This reserve, established in 2003, protects the 

environment of the Shahbuz district of Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic. 

In 1988 the government published a plan for the future development of the national 

protected areas system up to 2010, with a target for covering a total of 954,000 ha. To date 

the area covered by five of the protected areas has been increased by 36,600 ha, and they now 

cover a total area of 70,700 ha. In addition, a Presidential Decree established Ordubad 

National Park (12,131 ha), Shahbuz Strict Nature Reserve in Nakhichevan Autonomous 

Republic (3,139 ha), Gakh Strict Nature Reserve (36,836 ha), Shirvan National Park (54,373 

ha) and Ag-Gol National Park (17,924 ha). Finally, according to the decree N-81 of the 

President of The Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> dated 9th of February 2004, the Hirkan National 

Park was created on the base of Hirkan State Reserve with a total area of 21435 ha of 

Lenkoran and Astara regions. 

Future expansions are still planned (Table 6.3). 

Table 6.3 Protected areas to be created or expanded in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> 

Name Type Final total area (hectares) 

Samukh “Eldar shami” Strict Nature Reserve 1,442 (to be expanded by 1,050) 

Kurdili Strict Nature Reserve 20,000 

Absheron National Park 1,000 (to be expanded by 185) 

Shahdag National Park 268,000 

Samur-Yalama National Park 30,000 

Altigaj 9,438 (to be expanded by 5,000) 

Goy-gol 12,131 (to be expanded by 5,000) 

There is almost nowhere in Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic which is not subject to 

human use, and the protected areas system is very important as a means to protect some 

representative and important natural areas. The first protected area was established in 

Nakhichevan in 1969 (Ordubad-Julfa Strict Nature Reserve), which was given the status of 

Ordubad National Park in 2003 (Presidential Decree, dated 16 June 2003), covering 40,000 ha. 

The National Park protects a wide range of rare and endemic plants, along with a number of 

mammal species (such as mouflon, bezoar goat, Caucasian leopard, and partridge). Within 

the National Park a number of zones have been determined, both for species protection and 

recreation. Under the same Presidential Decree the Shahbuz (Batabat) Strict Nature Reserve 

was established, covering 3,100 ha of mountain ecosystems at altitudes of 1600-3100m. 

6.2.2 Weaknesses in the current protected areas system 

A number of shortcomings have been identified with regard to the current protected area 

system in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. These include: 

• Some protected areas do not have strictly protected zones, and continue to be affected by 

anthropogenic activity; 

• Due to the fact that forest management was done more than 20 years ago, the 

information available is very old, which has made it difficult to achieve an increase in 

protected areas; 

• Management of the reserves is constrained by the lack of land legislation and poorly 

defined borders; 

• During the development of some of the reserves, their relationship within the wider 

landscape was not adequately considered; 

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• Despite recent increases in investment, the level of active protected area management is 

insufficient; 

• Some important reserves lie within the occupied by Armenian forces, and lack any 

management regime. The protected areas in this territory cover 44,300 ha (10% of the 

total protected area system), and include 150 ancient trees and 13,197 ha of forest. 

In Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic a number of villages are located along the borders of 

the protected areas, and summer pastures near Ordubad National Park and Shahbuz 

(Batabat) Strict Nature Reserve are significantly overgrazed, being used by up to 250,000 

head of livestock each year. 

6.3 Conservation outside Protected Areas 

6.3.1 In situ conservation measures in the wider landscape 

One of the main activities benefiting biodiversity conservation in the wider landscape is the 

proposed extension of the forest area a target of coverage of 20% of the country’s territory, as 

part of measures to combat climate change. Under the National Programme on the 

Rehabilitation and Extension of Forests (established by Presidential Decree, 26 th December 

2001), the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources is leading activities to restore 20,000 ha 

of forests and to plant new forests covering some 43,000 ha. Reforestation efforts are also 

taking place in regions such as Gobustan, which have been negatively impacted by 

increasing aridification and loss of plant cover, and are at particular risk of desertification. 

Trial planting in this region has proved successful, although seedlings require intensive 

support and irrigation until they are established. 

In addition, a National Monitoring Service was established in 2001 to co-ordinate the 

collection of key environmental monitoring data, covering water bodies, soil and the 

atmosphere, to help to determine and characterize anthropogenic impacts on the 

environment. Within this framework the 

Ministry of Ecology and Natural 

Resources has established a network 

which will collect information to assist 

the monitoring of biodiversity, including 

information on the condition of 

vegetation cover (including forests) and 

on animal populations. 

Picture 6.1. Mardakan arboretum, near Baku 

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6.3.2 Ex-situ conservation 

In general, there is little ex-situ 

propagation or reintroduction of rare 

native species in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>, despite 

recent efforts to improve the situation 

including legislation to support ex-situ 

conservation 61. In particular, there is a 

real lack of local expertise in ex-situ 

conservation. There is a need to develop 

a coherent strategy for ex-situ 

conservation, captive breeding and 

reintroduction in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>, in line with 

61 Presidential Decree No 675 IQ (1999) and Cabinet of Ministers Decree No 117 (2000) 

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international (IUCN) guidelines. As a start, laws are currently in force, that protect 

threatened species from unlicensed collection for unofficial breeding or propagation 

programmes. 

Plant propagation and botanic gardens 

The main collection and site for plant propagation in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> is the Mardakan Tree 

Nursery, which was established in 1926 on a 12 ha site on the Absheron Peninsula, 40km 

from Baku. This garden hosts a wide collection of specimens, both of exotic and native 

species. 

Captive breeding 

The main centre for captive breeding in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> is at the Baku City Zoological Park, 

which has a collection of nearly 150 different species. The zoo is active, and the size of 

collections has grown over the period 2001 to 2003. The collection includes a number of 

species that are listed on the <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Red Book, including Mediterranean turtle (Testudo 

graeca), greater flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus), Dalmatian pelican (Pelecanus crispus), purple 

gallinule (Porphyrio porphyrio), mute swan (Cygnus olor), tawny eagle (Aguila rapax), Peregrine 

falcon (Falco peregrinus), lammergeier (Gypaetus barbatus), and goitred gazelle (Gazella 

subgutturosa). 

In addition, the zoo is actively involved in breeding a number of animals, including native 

species such as European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis), Mediterranean turtle (Testudo graeca), 

Caspian gecko (Cyrtopodion caspius), Griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus), purple gallinule (Porphyrio 

porphyrio), golden jackal (Canis aureus), wolf (Canis lupus), badger (Meles meles), and goitred 

gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa). 

6.4. Existing programmes for biodiversity conservation 

6.4.1. Biodiversity inventory, monitoring and research 

A number of institutions contribute to environmental and biodiversity assessment and 

monitoring. In 2001, the National Monitoring Service was established within the Ministry of 

Ecology and Natural Resources, to collect data relating to the measurement and prediction of 

anthropogenic impacts on the environment, including assessments of water, soil and 

atmospheric pollution. However, further investment is needed to continue to support 

environmental monitoring activities. A range of scientific institutions (research institutes and 

universities) collect data directly relevant to biodiversity and its conservation, including 

inventories of fauna and flora, description of habitats, assessment of genetic diversity, 

evaluation of limits for sustainable use, and testing of appropriate methods for ecosystem 

restoration. 

In addition, the private sector also contributes to monitoring and research on biodiversity. 

For example, British Petroleum (BP) monitors biodiversity both on- and off-shore (including 

populations of fish, birds and mammals), and were also involved in biodiversity related 

activities such as the Trans-boundary Diagnostic Analysis, a workshop on Mnemiopsis, an 

investigation into the causes of mortality in Caspian seals and environmental data sharing. 

6.4.2 Environmental educational programmes and teaching 

Although there are a great number of specialists in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>, until recently environmental 

educational and training in the country was rather unsystematic. Over the last ten years the 

situation has improved, and courses about environmental issues have been included in 

school curricula, and some schools even offer advanced courses in ecology. However, the 

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standard of teaching relating to ecology and the environment is constrained by lack of 

resources, such as specialist books and other materials. In addition, the improvement of 

training in this area goes hand in hand in broader education reforms, which allow teachers 

greater freedom in what and how they teach. The further improvement of efforts in 

environmental education will be supported by legislation, as a result of a Presidential Decree 

on public ecological education, which was passed at the start of 2003. Under this decree a 

special Commission was established to prepare a five-year action plan to be delivered by the 

Ministry of Education. This will also address access to environmental education materials, 

as well as the establishment of school reserves, ecological parks, and resource centres around 

wildlife reserves. 

Picture 6.1. Schoolchildren on a field trip 

The Ministry of Education has a State Ecological Training and Education Centre, which runs 

a series of environmental education centres in different regions, for children and young 

people. This centre draws experts from Institutes of the <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> National Academy of 

Sciences, state and non-governmental organizations, and provides courses with the aim of 

developing environmental responsibility among the next generation. In addition, other 

ecological teaching programmes and ecological clubs have been developed for schools. 

As well as the above activities, a number of non-governmental organizations, and the private 

sector (notably oil companies) have run biodiversity awareness projects focusing specifically 

on environmental education of children. Other resources exist for environmental education, 

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such as a number of zoological museums and collections (including the Baku City Zoological 

Park). 

6.4.3 Public Awareness 

The existing public awareness materials relating to biodiversity in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> are considered 

to be poor in design and attractiveness, and thus are not as effective as they could be. There 

are some materials about the usage of medicine plants and only a few films about the fauna 

and flora of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. Most wildlife films shown on television are imported and describe 

foreign biodiversity. Some information about biodiversity research and activities is provided 

to the newspapers, TV and radio, but this does not always reach the widest possible 

audience. A number of groups have taken the initiative of working with the mass media to 

highlight ecological problems, but further work is needed (for example through direct 

presentation of seminars and talks) to raise awareness of biodiversity issues throughout 


6.4.4 Planning and intervention for conservation and restoration 

The need to ensure environmental sustainability is recognized as being as important as 

peace, political stability, social-economic development and democracy at a global, regional 

and national level. Thus environmental policies are developed to ensure ecological security 

and environmental protection and rehabilitation. Challenges such as loss of the ozone layer, 

climate change, desertification, biodiversity loss and environmental pollution must all be 

addressed by national policy development. 

The legislative base for environmental protection has been established in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. In 

response to this activities are already underway to improve environmental conditions, such 

as redevelopment of water ways and drainage systems, tree planting to provide parks and to 

prevent erosion (including areas along the Caspian coast), and a number of nature reserves 

and protected zones were created for flora and fauna. 

However, gaps still exist in the actions taken for environmental protection, and many of 

these are identified and addressed by the National Environmental Programme for the 

Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> (adopted by Presidential Decree (18 February 2003). This plan sets 

out a vision for environmentally sustainable socio-economic development, along with a 

programme for the rehabilitation and expansion of forests in the country. 

6.4.5. International Projects 

A number of internationally-funded projects have been developed to address biodiversity 

issues in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>: 

• Caspian Biodiversity Strategy and Caspian Environment Programme (CEP). The 

Caspian Environment Programme is supported by several donor organizations (GEF, 

UNDP, UNEP, World Bank and TACIS), and aims to address trans-boundary 

environmental problems, such a pollution and biodiversity loss, through co-ordinated 

actions. Under the leadership of CEP, a “Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan for the 

Caspian Sea” was developed in 2001, with participation from all five Caspian littoral 

states. 

• National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan. The current project (which includes the 

development of this document) is supported by UNDP/GEF, and aims to produce the 

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First National Report and Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan, to meet <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>’s 

first obligations to the <strong>Convention</strong> on Biological Diversity. This process is being led by a 

team from the National Academy of Sciences. 

• Self-Assessment of National Capacity for Global Environment Management. This is 

another project supported by UNDP/GEF and it was started in 2003. The objective of the 

two-year project is to identify national priorities in capacity building with respect to the 

global environment and its role for sustainable development. It will focus on the 

<strong>Convention</strong>s on biodiversity, climate change and desertification/land degradation, and 

the synergies between them. 

• Rehabilitation and Completion of Irrigation and Drainage Infrastructure Project. The 

World Bank is supporting a five-year programme to improve water supply and drainage, 

with the aim of enhancing agricultural production. Priority irrigation systems will be 

rehabilitated under this project which will operate until 2006. 

• Sturgeon Hatchery Development Project. This project was initiated in 1998, under the 

World Bank’s urgent environmental investment project scheme, and is due for 

completion in 2003. The project supports the construction of a modern hatchery facility 

for breeding of sturgeon fingerlings, for release into the Kura River and Caspian Sea. The 

hatchery will operate as a state owned service, with operations funded from public 

sources and associated beneficiaries. 

• Conservation of the Caucasus leopard. This World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) 

project has been established to determine the status of, and institute protection for, the 

Caucasian sub-species of leopard across the region. The project will work to strengthen 

existing and planned protected areas, increase anti-poaching measures, provide training, 

and to support environmental education and awareness raising activities. 

• Eco-regional planning for the Caucasus. The German Ministry for Cooperation and 

Development (BMZ) launched development of a vision for biodiversity conservation in 

the Caucasus Ecoregion that also served as a foundation for defining CEPF’s proposed 

investments and will support implementation of selected projects under the Caucasus 

Initiative of the Government of Germany. 

• WWF and the Critical Ecosystems Partnership Fund (CEPF) recently led a process to 

develop a strategy for conservation and sustainable use of biological resources in the 

Caucasus. This profile prepared with collaboration with the Kreditanstalt fuer 

Wiedenernfbau (KfW), Conservation International and other international NGOs, along 

with representatives from each of the Caucasus states, to determine biodiversity 

investment priorities for the region. As a result a CEPF investment strategy paper has 

been developed, which will guide a five-year programme focusing on a series of 

landscape corridors across the Caucasus region. The work will involve strengthening and 

establishing protected areas (with a focus on trans-boundary areas), species protection 

measures, promotion of sustainable use and increasing awareness among decision 

makers. 

Other species and habitat projects include work by WWF on red deer and promotion of 

sustainable use of medicinal plants, and a project supported by NABU on the conservation of 

Ag-gol lake. A GEF/World bank Rural Poverty Reduction Project has also been planned, 

which would involve work in Shahdag and Ordubad National Parks. In addition a number 

of smaller initiatives benefiting biodiversity deserve mention, such as a project on the 

revitalization and management of the orchards of Guba region (conducted by the 

Chamber of Agriculture of Loiret and the <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Ministry of Agriculture) and , 

a project focusing on the protection of endemic medicinal plants from the Caucasus 

(involving Aix-Marseille’s University of Pharmacology, the Science Academy of 

Tbilisi and the Pharmacology Faculty of Baku). 

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6.5. Financial resources for biodiversity protection 

90 



At present the main source of investment into environmental protection is from public 

(governmental) sources, and finances are used for a range of activities (Table 6.5). In 

addition, specific financial investment into forestry represents over seven million manats, for 

activities such as protection, planning, replanting, pest control, regional forestry units and 

forest guards. The financial support to the 17 strict nature reserves represents a total of 

914,341,000 manats, while an additional 50,285,000 manats is available to support hunting 

establishments. The Environmental Protection Fund contains around 797 million manats. 

At present no tax breaks exist for environmental protection work, but policies are being 

developed for this. 

Table 6.5 Government investment in environmental protection over the last decade 

Year 

Funding (million manats) 

Atmospheric Protection of Protection of Total 

protection water supplies lands 

1990 0.4 2 0.6 3 

1995 3,411 4,133 18,976 26,773 

1997 1,464 2,225 7,458 11,147 

1998 3,250 12,525 3,378 19,153 

1999 3,269 1,020 2,095 6,384 

2000 4,129 3,018 1,466 8,613 

2001 885 3,826 1,644 6,355 

6.6. Organizations involved in biodiversity conservation and 

management 

6.6.1. Government structures and agencies 

The underlying legislative base pertaining to conservation of biological resources is 

developed by the Milli Mejlis (Parliament). Under this framework, a number of government 

institutions exist which contribute to the delivery of environmental policy. 

• The Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources. Established by Presidential Decree in 

2001, the Ministry manages forestry and hunting activities (including oversight of 

hunting quotas and permits), oversees protection and rehabilitation of fish stocks (and 

other aquatic bioresources) in marine and freshwater habitats, and is also responsible for 

biodiversity conservation. It develops strategies for long-term and short-term approaches 

to sustainable development and sustainable use of biological resources. The activity of 

the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources is divided into six areas: (i) ecological 

policy development; (ii) ecological protection; (iii) water monitoring and management; 

(iv) protection of marine (Caspian) bioresources; (v) forest management; and (vi) 

protected areas. Further information about the work of the Ministry can be found on their 

website (www.eco.gov.az). 

April 2004



• The Ministry of Agriculture. As a major land user and the biggest user of water 

resources in the country (using 75% of supplies) agriculture has a significant impact on 

biodiversity. The Ministry of Agriculture carries out work on plant protection and on the 

rural environment. It runs a number of research institutes, focusing on crop and 

vegetable cultivation, horticulture, cultivation of cotton, grapes and fodder and livestock 

breeding, 

In addition, the Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Youth, Sport and Tourism, and the State 

Committee of Land and Cartography conduct some activities which are relevant to 

biodiversity conservation. Other relevant state organizations include: 

• State Commission of Genetic Resources on Biodiversity. This was established by 

Presidential Decree in December 2002, to implement measures in line with <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>’s 

commitments under the <strong>Convention</strong> on Biological Diversity in order to prevent the loss 

of genetic resources of plants, animals and microorganisms. 

• National Academy of Sciences. This is key national scientific research organization, and 

operates a series of research institutes, many of which conduct work relevant to 

biodiversity conservation (including, among others, the Institutes of Geography, Botany, 

Zoology, Genetic Resources, Microbiology, Oil-Chemistry Processes and Soil Research). 

Further information about the work of the ANAS can be found on their website 

(www.science.az). 

6.6.2 Non-governmental organisations 

At present there are over 60 ecological NGOs and associations, of which 27 focus on 

biodiversity (See Appendix 3). Among these are scientific groups undertaking basic 

biodiversity research (such as the Society of Botanists, the Society of Zoologists, the Society 

of Geographers, the Society of Mammologists and the <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Centre for the Protection of 

Birds). A number of other NGOs are active in environmental education relating to 

biodiversity, and have an important role in raising public awareness. 

6.6.3 Business and the private sector 

In addition to local private entrepreneurs a number of international corporations operate in 

the Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. Representatives of local private businesses have not yet taken an 

active role in solving environmental problems, mainly due to the relatively early stage of 

business development in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. In general, foreign investors have been more involved 

in ecological protection that the local business sector. In particular, the oil sector (including 

companies such as BP, Exxon Mobil) has been directly involved in biodiversity protection 

activities, as a result of their recognition of both potential corporate impacts and social 

responsibility. 

Of particular note is the work undertaken to date by BP, whose local operation (BP 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong>) has developed the Biodiversity Strategy, in full consultation with local 

stakeholders. Under this strategy BP will support both short-term local projects (to be 

delivered by local NGOs under a small grants scheme) and longer-term regional initiatives 

(such as work to rehabilitate Tugai forest along the Kura river), and will also support 

activities to increase public awareness about biodiversity. 

91 

April 2004



6.7. Summary of existing measures, capacity and experience for 

biodiversity management 

Environmental protection is strongly engrained in State policy, and ongoing economic 

reforms, socio-economic development and infrastructure rehabilitation can be managed so as 

to ensure that development is sustainable and does not compromise ecological protection, in 

line with international standards. Through the development of institutions responsible for 

biodiversity conservation (such as the State Commission of Genetic Resources on 

Biodiversity and the Ministry for Ecology and Natural Resources) the government has 

already taken important steps to ensure effective environmental protection. In particular, the 

Ministry for Ecology and Natural Resources is tasked to implement State policy on the study, 

use, protection and restoration of natural resources, on the provision of ecological security, 

and on ensuring the conservation of biodiversity. 

Other recent achievements within the Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> include the approval of a 

National Environment Programme (dealing with issues of both sustainable development 

and forest rehabilitation), and the expansion of the protected areas system in 2003, including 

the creation of the Ordubad National Park. 

The Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> also has a number of successful international projects relating to 

protection of biological resources and protected areas, in co-operation with UNDP, UNEP, 

World Bank, WWF, and the European Environmental Fund. In addition, a number of local 

NGOs operate in the field of biodiversity protection. 

92 

April 2004

Chapter 7. 

Problem Analysis

7.1. Current status of biodiversity 

Chapter 7 

Problem Analysis 

94 



The biodiversity of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> has been affected in a wide number of ways by humankind 

and our activities. At present, some of the most vulnerable ecosystems in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> are 

located in the Kura-Araz plains, where overuse of the land has resulted in erosion. In 

Picture 7.1. Resilient vegetation flourishing on the polluted Absheron Peninsula 

addition, anthropogenic pressure on the semi-desert habitats of the Absheron Peninsula has 

been intensive. Elsewhere, mountain ecosystems have been significantly affected. Timber 

and fuelwood extraction has resulted in the reduction of forest areas, and coupled with 

unregulated grazing of mountain pastures, this is contributing to ongoing erosion, resulting 

in increased flooding and landslides. In general, <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> has limited forest resources, and 

their ongoing exploitation and loss of forest area is a cause for concern (for example, with 

regard to disappearance of the Tugai forest). 

In addition, <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>’s wetlands are significantly affected by anthropogenic impacts. Some 

natural lakes in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> (such as Mehman, Garasu and Marso) have almost completed 

dried out as a result of over-extraction, and others have been severely impacted as a result of 

the construction of irrigation and drainage systems (such as Bozgobu and Sarisu lakes). 

Many of these lakes were once important breeding grounds for fish. Lowland lakes are 

generally fed from drainage channels (as the main rivers are regulated) and this increases 

their salinity, and dramatically impacts aquatic life, including fish. A number of these lakes 

are also polluted with outflows from industrial and domestic sources, and may be 

April 2004



contaminated with oil from unsealed wells, the ecological situation of these wetlands is 

becoming acute. 

The situation in the Caspian Sea is a matter of both national and international concern. As a 

closed system, this sea is particularly vulnerable to human impacts, and its biodiversity is at 

risk from a number of factors, including the recent accidental introduction of Mnemiopsis 

leidyi, pollution loads and over-fishing (particularly of valuable fish, such as sturgeon). 

The decline in the extent and quality of ecosystems has in turn affected the associated species 

of plants and animals. The populations and distribution of a number of economically 

important tree species have been reduced 62. In addition, 416 plant species are recommended 

for listing in an updated Red Data Book for <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. A number of invertebrate species are 

also at risk in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>, mainly as a result of habitat loss 63, and the anthropogenic impacts 

on the environment have significantly affected a number of vertebrates (particularly species 

with specialized niches, such as the striped hyena, Hyaena hyaena). Plant and animal species 

have also been affected by hunting and over-collection, and by the impacts of parasites and 

diseases. 

62 Including Caucasian oak (Quercus macranthera), maple (Acer trautvetterii), birch (Betula pendula), 

wych elm (Ulmus scabra) and bird cherry (Prunus padus). 

63 Including bumblebees (various Bombus species) and arthropods endemic to Talysh region (including 

Purpuricenus tlyshensis, Dorcadion talyschense, and Carabus clypeatus) 

95 

April 2004

7.2. Direct causes of biodiversity loss 

96 



Human activity underlies most of the causes of biodiversity losses in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>, and 

humankind has significantly affected much of the land, through activities such as: 

• Land conversion, predominantly for agriculture, but also for construction and industry, 

has reduced the area of natural habitat in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> and results in fragmentation of the 

remaining landscape. 

• Land degradation, resulting from overuse, erosion and fertilizer burdens reduces 

productivity and affects the likelihood of natural habitats reestablishing. It is estimated 

that 70% of pastures have undergone erosion, particularly the more fragile summer 

pastures. 

• Pesticide use, particularly the legacy of high levels of application of toxic chemicals 

during the Soviet era, has resulted in long term pollution of some soils, and leaching into 

waterways. Pesticide use is currently under improved State control, however some illegal 

application of imported and unregistered pesticides is thought to occur. 

• Irrigation has impacted much of the lowlands, and canals have fragmented much of the 

wider natural habitat, preventing free migration of animal species (especially as they lack 

appropriate bridges or escape paths for wildlife). Over recent years the collapse of these 

systems due to lack of repair has resulted in changes in the chemical composition of soil, 

increase in the ground-water level and gradual increases in salinity in some areas. 

• Water regulation, including the construction of dams and management of water flows 

and extraction levels, has affected aquatic habitats significantly, particularly in the 

absence of adequate measures for protection of fisheries and other aquatic species 

• Pollution, including the legacy from Soviet industry and agriculture, and ongoing 

pollution of waterways from domestic and industrial sources. In some cases older 

infrastructure relating to the oil industry is a source of pollution. The outflow of rivers 

into the Caspian Sea contributed to the pollution loads detected in the marine habitat. 

• Transport infrastructure (including over 2,000 km of railway, 25,000 km of roads and 

4,000 km of oil and gas pipelines) has caused habitat fragmentation, and represent 

barriers to the movement of wildlife, resulting in genetic isolation of sub-populations. 

• Over-use of biological resources has been ongoing, with difficult economic conditions 

resulting in overexploitation of forests, medicinal plants and animals (including fish). Of 

particular note has been the decline in fisheries from both the Caspian Sea and inland 

waterways as a result of over-catch along with other factors such as water extraction and 

pollution. The sturgeon issue is one that requires international collaboration in order to 

prevent further over-fishing. 

• Alien species are a particular issue in the Caspian Sea, where the comb jelly Mnemiopsis 

leidyi has been introduced, and has the potential to decimate planktonic fry and 

ultimately fish stock. 

April 2004

7.3. Underlying causes of biodiversity loss 

97 



A range of issues drive the ongoing decline of biodiversity in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>, as in the rest of the 

world: 

• Economic development. Over the last decade the Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> has seen major 

social and economic change, resulting from independence, economic downturn, and 

subsequent market reforms and recovery. The legacy of Soviet overuse of natural 

resources persists with regard to high pollution and pesticide burdens. In addition, the 

economic downturn affected the maintenance of infrastructure, including irrigation 

systems, leading to its deterioration and subsequent environmental impacts. The 

problems associated with market reforms, coupled with the costs of the Nagorno 

Karabakh conflict, resulted in reduced living standards for much of the population, and 

greater reliance on natural resource use. 

• Land use. In order to feed the population and to support economic growth, significant 

areas of land have been converted from natural ecosystems to agricultural use. In 

addition, to this loss of natural habitat, other ecosystems are also affected by ongoing use 

– particularly with regard to grazing in lowland plains and mountain meadows. The lack 

of regulation of some grazing activities, and inappropriate use of meadow habitats, is 

contributing to soil erosion and changes in plant community compositions, which 

ultimately affect biodiversity. 

• Conflict. The ongoing conflict with Armenia over Nagorno Karabakh has contributed 

significantly to biodiversity declines. All terrestrial ecosystems have been affected – 

either directly or indirectly – by the conflict over Nagorno Karabakh, which has resulted 

in destruction of extensive areas of woodland (mainly through fire) and ecological 

impacts to fauna and flora within the occupied territories. The occupation of territories by 

Armenian forces has resulted in a significant increase in refugees and internally displaced 

people (together representing around 1 million people or 12% of the population). The 

long-standing conflict has affected the country’s economy and living conditions, resulting 

in greater exploitation of natural resources. Refugees and internally displaced people 

often live in temporary settlements, and rely on intensive grazing and use of fuel wood, 

resulting in local land degradation around these settlements. In addition, a number of the 

Strict Nature Reserves and significant forest reserves are located within the occupied 

territories. 

7.4 Key sectors affecting biodiversity 

A number of economic sectors directly impact biodiversity in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. 

• Agriculture. Reform of the agricultural sector over the last few years has reduced its 

impact on biodiversity. Previously under the Soviet system productivity was maintained 

by extensive use of pesticides and mineral fertilizers, and through the establishment of 

extensive monocultures. However, a significant portion of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>’s land remains 

under cultivation, and the associated biodiversity is still directly affected (for example, 

the regulations in place to protect wildlife during harvesting are not always observed, 

fields are burnt after harvest, unregistered pesticides and inappropriate fertilizers are 

used; pastures are intensively grazed, and irrigation systems affect soil and water 

bodies). 

• Forestry. In general, the area of forest continues to decrease in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>, and species 

composition and structure of woodland is changing. Lack of sources of fuel (such as gas) 

result in a reliance on wood for fuel, which is probably the greatest impact on forest 

April 2004



resources. In addition, timber is cut illegally for construction, which results in the 

removal of older trees from the forests. 

• Industry. Although pollution from industrial sources has decreased over the last decade 

as the economic status of the country changed, the legacy of pollution from previous 

years remains a problem, with poor decommissioning procedures leaving behind 

untreated industrial waste and obsolete equipment. 

• Transport. The density of roads and growth in the transport infrastructure (including 

canal construction) has resulted in greater fragmentation of the habitat. In addition, there 

is now a growth in pollution from vehicle emission sources. 

• Construction. In many cases new buildings are constructed without appropriate 

planning or impact assessment, based on local regulations, without effective State 

oversight. As a result some houses have been built in inappropriate areas (for example in 

pipeline buffer zones, and on the protected shores of lakes and the Caspian Sea). 

• Oil Industry. Oil extraction and refining industries have had significant effects on 

biodiversity and on the general environment. For decades ground (soil) tanks and open 

canals have been used to collect oil flowing from onshore wells and to ensure flow of oil 

to processing centres. The lack of the necessary technologies, inappropriate drilling 

regimes, poor maintenance and disregard of environmental protection measures have 

contributed to impacts in both onshore and offshore ecosystems. On the Absheron 

Peninsula 7,400 ha has been badly contaminated, and the legacy of earlier oil extraction 

remains in polluted lakes, soil and ground water. The extent of oil extraction and 

processing has now decreased and new technological processes have been introduced. 

However the State oil company is still considered to be a major contributor to 

atmospheric pollution, and the issue of waste water discharge into the Caspian Sea 

remains a cause for concern 

• Mining. The mining industry affects biodiversity in a number of ways, including direct 

destruction of natural habitats (such as destruction of pastures for quarrying), 

widespread erosion and pollution, increases in the transport network, extensive slag 

heaps covering surrounding areas, coupled with lack of appropriate restoration of the 

lands. Mining activities affect significant areas of mountain habitats in particular, and 

these have been related to increasing erosion in these areas. Many of the by-products of 

mining contain heavy metals contaminate surrounding soils and water courses. 

• Tourism. If unregulated, tourism can significantly affect natural habitats and species. 

Unplanned and inappropriate construction in natural areas (for example in coastal, forest 

or green zones), coupled with increased transport and development of new paths in 

ecologically sensitive areas, increased collection of rare plants and increased litter are all 

problems. 

98 

April 2004

7.5 Constraints to biodiversity conservation 

99 



The key factors that limit the effectiveness of biodiversity conservation in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> include: 

• Limited finance for conservation means that some essential activities cannot be 

undertaken. For example the limited investment into nature protection facilities and 

activities (around 0.2% of total investments in 2001) restricts the work that can be 

achieved for environmental protection. Financial constraints have limited almost all 

activities, including the support for artificial breeding and release of fish fry into the 

rivers and water bodies. 

• Lack of information on appropriate management techniques. 

• Incomplete legislation, particularly with regard the normative acts which explain the 

application of the laws, undermines environmental protection. There is a need to 

harmonise the existing laws, and to establish new legislation to fill gaps in existing laws 

on the protection of biodiversity and genetic resources. 

• Limited enforcement of legislation is partly related to the above problems in the legal 

base, but also reflects deficiencies in the judicial system. 

• Poor environmental education and awareness prevents widescale public involvement or 

responsibility in biodiversity protection issues. 

7.6 Opportunities for biodiversity conservation 

A number of developments will support further efforts to improve biodiversity conservation 

in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. 

The Constitution of the Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> outlines the core principles of environmental 

protection, and the legislative basis for this has been put in place, along with an improved 

environmental management structure has been developed. The Constitution, which was 

adopted after a national referendum in 1995, sets out the principles of environmental 

protection, ownership of natural resources and the regulation of this sector. Since then the 

Milli Mejlis (Parliament) has further developed the legislative basis for regulating 

environmental protection, and around 20 laws have been adopted to bring the country in 

line with international standards on environmental protection. In addition, in 2001 the 

Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources was established to help manage and implement 

priorities for environmental protection. 

The government of the Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> is committed to solving the country’s 

environmental problems (including biodiversity conservation) and has taken a number of 

important actions in this regard. For instance, a State Committee has been established to help 

meet the obligations of the country under the <strong>Convention</strong> on Biological Diversity, and the 

national Environment Programme (approved in 2003) identifies a number of opportunities 

for biodiversity conservation. 

In addition, the growth of the NGO sector also supports increased biodiversity conservation 

measures, and 60 of the 400 registered NGOs in the Republic are environmental 

organizations. 

7.7. Key issues 

A cross-sectoral workshop was held in the summer of 2003 to identify the key issues or major 

problems to be tackled in order to protect the country’s biodiversity. The following key 

issues for biodiversity were identified: 

April 2004

100 



• The natural resources are not evaluated 

• Biodiversity conservation is not at an appropriate level for adequate protection of 

threatened species and habitats 

• The protected areas system has weaknesses and deficiencies 

• The legislation system has weaknesses and needs improvement 

• Existing legislation is not implemented to an appropriate level 

• There are insufficient financial resources for biodiversity protection activities 

• Insufficient efforts are made for ex-situ protection of plants and animals 

• Natural resources are not being used in a sustainable manner 

• The cross-sectoral linkages between appropriate organizations (including NGOs) is 

limited and could be strengthened 

• There is limited protection of traditions and cultural heritage linked to nature and 

natural resources 

• There are few incentive mechanisms to promote social responsibility in respect to 

biodiversity conservation 

• There are not enough experts in the field of biodiversity, and the knowledge of those 

existing experts could be enhanced 

• Limited public awareness and education relating to biodiversity 

In the Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic there are a range of wild habitats and associated 

rare and endemic species that are at risk of destruction and extinction as a result of 

anthropogenic factors. The effects of land degradation (erosion and salinisation) require 

substantial intervention to restore natural areas. In addition, collection and trade in a number 

of plant species, and hunting of animals, is threatening their survival. Current efforts are 

insufficient to ensure the conservation and sustainable use of the biodiversity of the 

Autonomous Republic. 

It is clear that a range of ecosystems, sites and species require prompt intervention if they are 

to survive in Nakhichevan, and a number of areas should be afforded protected status. For 

example Qaraqush mountain and surrounding areas, which support a range of rare and 

endemic plant species 64 is currently unprotected, as are areas such as “Gerek dash” in the 

Sederek region, sites around the villages of Hemzeli, Axura, Zizifus and Cucbawhich 

support important animal populations, and the areas of Ilanlidagand Yevgeni oldurgeni 65 . In 

addition, in order to maintain important populations of, the areas around require protection, 

as hunting continues unregulated in some of these sites. A number of ecosystems and 

habitats in Nakhichevan are threatened, including a range of rare forest types, such as the 

forests in the Ereidag-Demirlidag mountains. 

7.8 Next steps 

The current document, which represents the first National Report to the <strong>Convention</strong> on 

Biological Diversity, represents a status review of the current situation facing biodiversity 

and its conservation in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>, taking on board input from a range of national specialists 

and feedback from wide consultations. This document provides information sources for the 

planning of the national Biodiversity Strategy and Action plan, a process which is now 

underway for completion in 2004. 

64 Including Triticum monococcum, T. araraticum, Daphne transcaucasia, Aster alpinus, Campaluna radura, 

C. karakuschensis, Diphelypaea coccinea, Gundelia tournefortii, Globularia trichosantha, Hypercium 

atropatanum, H. formosissimum and Scilla atropatana. 

65 These areas support a range of plant species, as well as Caucasian leopard, mouflon, porcupine and 

partridge 

April 2004

Appendices

102 



Appendix 1. 

Threatened Species recorded from <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> 66 

Scientific name English and/or Azeri 

Common name(s) 

PLANTS 

Sporophyta – Ferns and horsetails 

Dryopteris raddeana (Fomin) 

(1911) 

Status (IUCN 

and CITES) 

National 

Status 

Радде айыдюшяйи - Included in the 

Red Data Book 

of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. 

Gymnospermae - Gymnosperms 

Pinus eldarica Medw. (1902) Елдар шамы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 

Pinus kochiana Klotzsch ex C. 

Koch, (1849) (Pinus hamata 

(Stev.) Sosn.) 


Кох шамы (гармагвари шам) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Juniperus foetidissima Willd. Аьырийли ардыж - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Angiospermae - Angiosperms 

Monocotyledonus – Monocotyledons 

Nectaroscordum dioscoridis (Sibth. Рянэли нектароскордум - Included in the 

et Smith.) Stank (1966) 

Red Data Book 


Nectaroscordum tripedale (Trautv.) Цчфутлу нектороскодум 

- Included in the 

Grossh. (1940) 

Red Data Book 


Galanthus caucasicus (Baker) Гафгаз хядижяэцлц - Included in the 


Red Data Book 


Sternbergia colchiciflora Waldt. et Гышда чичякляйян штернберэийа, 


Kit. (=S.alexandre Sosn.) (1936) Фишер штернберэийасы 

Red Data Book 


Sternbergia fisheriana (Herb.) M. Фишер штернберэийасы - Included in the 

Roem. 

Red Data Book 


Sternbergia lutea (L.) Spreng. Winter daffodil (Сары 


(1847) 

штернберэийа) 

Red Data Book 


Danae racemosa (L.) Moench Будаглы данайа - Included in the 

(1974) 

Red Data Book 


Ruscus hyrcanus Woronow (1907) Щиркан бикявяри - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Crocus caspius Fisch. et Mey. Хязяр зяфяраны - Included in the 

(1838) 

Red Data Book 


Gladiolus halophilis Boiss. et Шоран гарьасоьаны - Included in the 

Heldr. (1853) 

Red Data Book 

66 In total 303 species are considered to be nationally or internationally threatened, and these are listed 

here. 

April 2004

103 



Iridodictyum reticulatum (Bieb.) Торлу иридодиктиум - 


Included in the 

Rodionenko=Iris reticulata Bieb. 

Red Data Book 

(1808) 


Iris acutiloba C. A. Mey. (1831) Итикянарлы сцсян - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Iris camillae Grossh. Камилла сусяни - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Iris elegantissima Sosn. (1915) Гяшянэ сцсян - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Iris grossheimii Woronow ex Гроссщейм сцсяни - Included in the 


Red Data Book 


Iris iberica Hoffm. (1806-08) Эцржц сцсяни - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Iris lycotis Woronow (1915) Гурдгулаьы сцсян - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Iris paradoxa Stev. (1820) Парадоксал сцсян - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Iris prilipkoana Kem.-Neth. Прилипко сцсяни - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Fritillaria grandiflora Grossh. Иричичяк лалявяр - Included in the 

(1919) 

Red Data Book 


Lilium ledebourii (Baker) Boiss. Ледебун замбаьы Included in the 

(1884) 

Red Data Book 


Merendera candissima Micz. et Аьаран данагыран - Included in the 


Red Data Book 


Muscari elegantissimum Schchian Гяшянэ илансоьаны - Included in the 

(1947) 

Red Data Book 


Ornithogalum hyrcanum Grossh. Щиркан хынжалаусу - Included in the 

(1929) 

Red Data Book 


Scilla atropatana Grossh. (1935) Атропатен зцмрцдчичяйи - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Tulipa biebersteiniana Schult.et Биберштейн даьлалялси - Included in the 

Schull. Fil. (1829) 

Red Data Book 


Tulipa florenskyi Woronow (1924) Флоренски даьлаляси - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Tulipa julia C.Koch (1948) Йулийа даьлаляси - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Tulipa karabachеnsis Grossh. Гарабаь даьлаляси - Included in the 

(1936) 

Red Data Book 


April 2004

104 



Tulipa schimidtii Fomin (1909) Шмит даьлаляси - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Tulipa eichleri Regel. ейхлер даьлаляси - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Cеphalanthеra longifolia (L.) Узунйарпаг тозбаш сящляб - Included in the 

Fritsch. (1888) 

Red Data Book 


Himantoglossum formosuм (Stcv.) Гяшянэ гайышлячяк - Included in the 

C.Koch = Loroglossum formosum 

Red Data Book 

Stеv. (1908) 


Limodorum abortivum (L.) SW Натамам лимодорум - Included in the 

(1799) 

Red Data Book 


Orchis purpurea Huds.(1762) Фырфыр сящляб - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Ophrys caucasica Woronow ex Гагаз гаш сящляби - Included in the 

Grossh. 

Red Data Book 


Steveniella satyrioides (Stev.) Сатириодвари стевениелла - Included in the 

Schlechter (1918) 

Red Data Book 


Paeonia mlokoscwilschii Lomak Млокосевиж пиону - Included in the 

(1897) 

Red Data Book 


Ammochloa palaestina Boiss. (1853) Фялястин гумоту - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Avena ventricosa Bal. (1854) Шишкин вялямир, Шишкин щажагуйруг - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Stipa pellita (Trin, el Rupr.) Tzvel. Тукжцклц шийав - Included in the 

(1966) 

Red Data Book 


Triticum monococcum L. (1753) 

Dicotyledonae – Dicotyledons 

Тякдянли бцьда - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Dorema glabrum Fisch. et Mey. Dorema (Чылпаг дорема) - Included in the 

(1835) 

Red Data Book 


Caropodium platycarpum (Boiss et Орагмейвя капоподиум - Included in the 

Hanskn.) Schishk. 

Red Data Book 


Ferula caspica Bieb. = F. caucasica Гафгаз илaнкюлэяси - Included in the 

Korov. (1808) 

Red Data Book 


Ferula oopoda (Boiss. et Buhse) Йумуртавари иланкюлжяси - Included in the 

Boiss. (1872) 

Red Data Book 


Ferula persica Willd.(1797) Иран иланкюлэяси - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Ferula szowitsiana D. C. Шовитс иланкюлэяси - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


April 2004

105 



Smyrniopsis oneberi Boiss. (1936) Оше лялякливяси - Included in the 

Red Data Book 

Stenotaenia macrocarpa Freyn et 

Sinl. ex Freyn. = S. daralaghezica 

(Takhl.) Schischk. (1949) 


Иримейвя стенотенийа - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Ilex hyrcana Pojark. (1947) Щиркан шцмшяси - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Hedera pastuchowii Woronow 

Пастухов дашсармашыьы - Included in the 

(1932) 

Red Data Book 


Aristolochia bottae Jaub. et Spach 

(1842-43) 

Ботта зярвянди - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Cladochaeta candissima (Bieb.) DC. Парлаг кладохета - Included in the 

(1837) 

Red Data Book 


Gundelia tournefortii L. (1753) Турнефор гунделийасы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Lactuca takhtadzhianii Sosn. Тахтажан сцдлямяси - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Pyrethrum komarovii Sosn. (1945) Камаров биряоту - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Pyrethrum kotschyi Boiss. (1855) Кочи биряоту - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Scorzonera grossheimii Lipsch. et Гроссщейм тякясаггалы, кечи 


Vass. 

йемлийи 

Red Data Book 


Scorzonera pulchra Lomak. (1897) Эюзял тякясаггалы, кечи йемлийи - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Scorzonera pusilla Pall. (1804) Кичик тякясаггалы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Telekia speciosa Schred.) 

Эюзял телекийа - Included in the 

Baumg.(1816-46) 

Red Data Book 


Alnus subcordata C. M. Mey. Црякйарпаг гызылаьаж - Included in the 

(1831) 

Red Data Book 


Betula raddeana Trautv.(1887) 

Радде тозаьажы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Physoptychis caspica (Habl.) V. Хязяр бозговаж - Included in the 

Boczan.= P. gnaphalodes (DC) 

Red Data Book 

Boiss. (1867) 


Pseudovesicaria digitata (C. A. Бармагвари говаг - Included in the 

Mey.) Rupr.(1869) 

Red Data Book 


Buxus sempervirens L. = B. colchica 

Pojark.+ B. hyrcana Pojark.(1907) 

Common box (Щямишяйашыл 

шумшад) 

LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 


Red Data Book 


Gleditsia caspia Desf.(1809) 

Каспи, Хязяр шейтанаьажы - Included in the 

Rd Dt B k 

April 2004

106 



Campanula radula Fisch. ex Tchih. Шцалы зянэчичяйи - 

Red Data Book 



(1860) 

Red Data Book 


Euonymus velutina Fisch. et Mey 

(1838) 

Мяхмяри эярмяшов - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Anabasis brachiata Fisch. et Mey. 

ex Kar. et Kir. (1842) 

Шамданвари юлдцрэян - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Anabasis eugeniae lljin (1937) Йевэени юлдцрэяни - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Corylus colurna L.=C. cervorum Turkish hazelnut (Марал 


V.Petrov.(1936) 

фындыьы) 

Red Data Book 


Diospyros lotus L.(1753) 

Date plum (Гафгаз хурмасы) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Rhododendron caucasicum Pall. Гафгаз ханымяли - Included in the 

(1784) 

Red Data Book 


Rhododendron luteum Sweet (1830) Сары ханымяли - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Euphorbia grossheimii Prokh.(1930) Гроссщейм сцддцйяни - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Astragalus bakuensis Bunge (1868) Бакы эявяни - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Astragalus nachitschevanicus Rza- Нахчыван эявяни - Included in the 

zade (1954) 

Red Data Book 


Astragalus kubensis Grossh. (1933) Губа эявяни - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Astragalus paradoxus Bunge (1859) Гярибя эявяни - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Astragalus prilipkoanus Grossh. Прилипко эявяни - Included in the 

(1936) 

Red Data Book 


Castanea sativa Mill. 

European chestnut (Ади шабалыд) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Quercus boissieri Reult.=Q. araxina Боасийе палыды, Араз палыды - Included in the 

(Traulv.) Grossh. (1930) 

Red Data Book 


Quercus castaneifolia 

Шабалыдйарпаг палыд - Included in the 

C.A.Mey.(1831) 

Red Data Book 


Platanus orientalis L. Oriental planetree (шярг чинары) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Gentiana lagodochiana 

Лaгодех ажычичяйи - Included in the 

(Kusn.)Grossh. (1932) 

Red Data Book 

April 2004

107 



Globularia trichosantha Fisch.et 

Mey.(1879) 

Дарлячяк глобуларийа - 



Red Data Book 


Parrotia persica (DC.) C.A.Mey. Дямираьажы - Included in the 

(1831) 

Red Data Book 


Anogramma leptophylla (l.) Link Назикйарпаг анограмма - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Hypericum formossimum Takht. Эюзял дазы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Pterocarya pterocarpa (Michx.) Ганадмейвя йалангоз - Included in the 

Kunth exI.Iljinsk.(1824) 

Red Data Book 


Acantholimon schemachense Шамахы тыс-тысы - Included in the 


Red Data Book 


Acantholimon tenuiflorum Boiss. Назикчичяк тыс-тыс - Included in the 

(1846) 

Red Data Book 


Alcea kusariensis (Iljin) Iljin ((1949) Гусар эцлхятми - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Alcea lenkoranica Iljin (1949) Лянкяран эцлхятми - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Alcea sachsachanica Iljin (1940) Саьсаьан эцлхятми - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Marsilea strigosa Willd. Сярттцклц марсилийа - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Ficus hyrcana Grossh. Щиркан янжири - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Albizia julibrissin Durazz. (1772) Лянкяран эцлябришини, Ипяк 


акасийасы 

Red Data Book 


Nelumbo caspica (DC) Fisch. 

Шанаэцлля - Included in the 

(Nelumbium caspica (DC.) Fisch.) 

Red Data Book 

(1823) 


Nymphaea alba L. (1753) 

European white waterlily (Аь 

сузанбаьы) 


Red Data Book 


Nymphaea candida J. et C. Persl Гар сузанбаьы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Calligonum bakuense Litv. (1922) Бакы жузгуну - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Calligonum polygonoides L. (1753) Гырхбуьум жузгун - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Rheum ribes L. (1973) Гараьат рявянди - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


April 2004

108 



Primula juliae Kusn.(1899) Йулийа новрузчичяйи - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Cyclamen elegans Boiss. et Buhse Зяриф мешяноврузэцлц - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Punica granatum L. Pomegranate (Ади нар) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Anemone kuznetzowii Woronow Кузнетсоv ясмяси - Included in the 

et Grossh.(1930) 

Red Data Book 


Frangula grandiflora (Fisch. el 

Mey.) Grub.(1949) 

Ирийарпаг кювряк мцрдяшир - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Coteneaster saxatilis Pojark. (1938) Гайа довшаналмасы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Laurocerasus officinalis M. Дярман дяфняэилянары - Included in the 

Roem.(1847) 

Red Data Book 


Padus avium Miel.=P. racemosa Гуш мешяэиласы - Included in the 

(Lam.) Gilib.(1785) 

Red Data Book 


Pyrus boissierana Buhse(1860) Буасийе армуду - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Pyrus eldarica Grossh.(1944) Елдар армуду - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Pyrus hyrcana Fed.(1952) Щиркан армуду - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Rosa pulverulenta Bieb. (Rosa Азярбайжан итбурнусу - Included in the 

azerbajdzhanica Novopokr.et Rza- 

Red Data Book 

zade(1947)) 


Pyracantha coccinea (L.) M. Roem. Scarlet firethorn (Гырмызы 


(1847) 

тубульа) 

Red Data Book 


Rosa karjaginii Sosn.(1944) 

Гарйаэин итбурну - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Rosa nisami Sosn.(1944) Низами итбурну - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Rosa canina L. (Rosa sosnovskyi Dog rose (Итбурну) - Included in the 

Chrishan.(1951)) 

Red Data Book 


Salix kuznetzowii Laksch ex Kuznetsov’s willow (Кузнетсов 


Goerz. 

сюйцдц) 

Red Data Book 


Atropa caucasica Kreyer (1925) Caucasian belladonna (Гафгаз 


ханымоту) 

Red Data Book 


Staphylea colchica Stev. Колхида Стафуласы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Taxus baccata L. English yew (эиляли гаражющря) - Included in the 

April 2004

109 



Daphne transcaucasica Pobed. Transcaucasian daphne 

- 

Red Data Book 



(загафгазийа жанаварэиляси). 

Red Data Book 


Stelleropsis magakjanii (Sosn.) Магакйан жинжилимжяси - Included in the 

Pobed. . (1940) 

Red Data Book 


Trapa hyrcana Woronow(1917) Щиркан суфындыьы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Zelkova carpinifolia (Pall.) C.Koch Вялясйапаг азат LR/nt Included in the 

(1892) 

ver 2.3 (1994) Red Data Book 


Valeriana alliarifolia Adams (1805) Сарымсагйарпаг пишикоту - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Vitis sylvestris C.C.Gmel. (1905) Мешя цзцмц - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Woodsia alpina R. Br. (1823) Alpine woodsia, Northern 


woodsia, Woodsie alpine (Алп 

Red Data Book 

vудйасы) 


Lactuca takhtadzhjanii Sosn. (1941) Тахтажан сцдлямяси - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Salsola tamamsahjanae Iljin (1936) Тамамшйан шоранэяси - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Zeravschania pauciradiata 

Азшцалы даьчятири - Included in the 

(Tamamsch.) M. Pimen. 

Red Data Book 

(Peuecedanum paucirodiatum Tam. 

(1936)) 

ANIMALS 

Phylum: Annelida 

Class: Hirudinoidea 

Order: Arhynchobdellae 

Family: Hirudinidae 


Hirudo medicinalis Linnaeus, 1758 Тибби зяли (Medicinal leech) LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

- 

Phylum: Molluska 

Class: Gastropoda 

Order: Stylommatophora 

Family: Vertiginidae 

Vertigo angustior Jeffreys, 1830 Narrow-mouthed Whorl Snail LR/cd 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Vertigo moulinsiana Dupuy, 1849 Des Moulin’s Snail LR/cd 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Phylum Arthropoda 

Class Insecta 

Order Hymenoptera 

Family Apoidae 

Bombus (Mg.) portchinsky 

Radoszkowski, 1883 

Bombus (Th.) mlokosievitzii 


Portchinskii’s Bumblebee 

(Порчински золаглы арысы) 

Mlokosievitz’s Bumblebee 

(Млокосевич золаглы арысы) 


Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 

- 

- 

April 2004

Bombus (Ev.) persicus 


Order: Odonata 

Family: Cordulegastridae 

Cordulegaster mzymtae Bartenev, 

1929 

Family: Gomphidae 

Onychogomphus assimilis 

(Schneider, 1845) 

Persian Bumblebee (Фарс золаглы 

арысы) 

Order Coleoptera 

Family Cerambycidae (Longhorned Beetles) 

Rosalia alpina Linné, 1758 Rosalia longicorn (Алп 

розалийасы) 

110 



- VU B1+2c 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Mallosia scovitzi Fald., 1837 Scovitz’s longhorned beetle 

(Сковитз узунбыьы) 

Purpuricenus talyschensis Reitt., 

1891 

Purple talysh longhorned 

beetle (Тцндгырмызы талыш 

узунбыьы) 

Dorcadion talyschense Gang., 1883 Talysh root-eating longhorned 

beetle (Талыш кюкйейяни) 

Parandra caspia Men., 1832 Caspian parandra (Хязяр 

парандрасы) 

Family Carabidae (Ground Beetles) 

Carabus clypeatus talyschensis 

Men., 1832 

Carabus scabrosus caucasicus 

Adams, 1817 

Talysh three-bladed runner 

(Цчпярли талыш гачаьаны) 

Caucasian splashing snaileater 

(Гафгаз илбизйейян фышгырданы) 

Calosoma sycophanta L., 1758 Pretty ground beetle (Гяшянэ 

бюжяк) 

Megacephalus euphraticus Latr., 

1885 

Family Buprestidae (Jewel Beetles) 

Ancylocheria salomoni Thomson, 

1878 

Euphrates runner (Фярят 

чапаьаны) 

Solomon’s jewel beetle 

(Соломон гызыл бюжяйи) 

- VU B1+2c 

ver 2.3 (1994) 


d- Included in the 

Red Data Book 


VU A1c 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Order: Orthoptera 

Family: Tettigonidae 

Saga pedo (Pallas, 1771) Predatory bush cricket VU B1+2bd 

- 

- 


Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 


ver 2.3 (1994) 

Order Lepidoptera – Butterflies and moths 

Family Papillonidae 

Parnassius apollo L., 1758 Apollo butterfly (Аполлон) VU A1cde 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

- 


Red Data Book 


Parnassius nordmanni Men., 1849 Нордман аполлону - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Zerynthya cericyi caucasica Led., Гафгаз зеринтийасы - Included in the 

April 2004

111 



1850 Red Data Book 


Papilio alexanor orientalis Rom., Шярги алексанор йелкянжили - Included in the 

1884 

Red Data Book 


Anthocharis gruneri Chr., 1870 Шяфягсачан - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Zegris menestho Men., 1832 Ейфема - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Colias thisoa Men., 1832 Алп сарыжасы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Colias caucasica Strgr., 1871 Гафгаз сарыжасы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Colias aurorina H.-S., 1850 Аврорина сарыжасы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Colias chlorocoma Chr., 1888 Кцрд сарыжасы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Danais chrysippus L., 1758 Хризип - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Pararge adrastoides Bien., 1870 Талыш мяхмяри кяпяняйи - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Melanargia hylata Men., 1882 Щилата - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Satyrus alpina Stgr., 1879 Алп сатири - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Thaleropis jonia Fisch., 1851 Ионийа бяргвураны - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Argynnis alexandra Men., 1832 Александра сядяфлиси - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Heodes ochimus H.-S., 1851 Охим гызылы кяпяняйи - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Tomares romanovi Ch., 1882 Романов томареси - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Manduca atropos L., 1758 "Кялля шякилли" щаф - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Daphnis nerii L., 1758 Олеандр щафы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Rethera komarovi Chr., 1885 Комаров щафы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Hippotion celerio L., 1758 Ири тяняк щафы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 

April 2004

112 



Brahmaea christophi Strg., 1885 Талыш брамейасы - 



Red Data Book 


Axiopoena maura Eichw., 1832 Тутгун айыжа - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Zygaena Tamara Chr., 1889 

Family: Lycaenidae 

Тамара алажасы - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Lycaena dispar (Haworth, 1802) Large Copper LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

- 

Maculinea arion (Linnaeus, 1758) Large Blue LR/nt 

- 

Maculinea nausithous 

(Bergstrasser, 1779) 

Order: Sphingidae 

Hyles hippophaes 

(Esper, 1793) 

Proserpinus proserpina (Pallas, 

1772) 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Dusky Large Blue LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

- DD 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Willowherb Hawkmoth DD 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Phylum Chordata 

Pisces - fish 

Class Cephalaspidomorphi 

Order Petromyzontiformes 

Family Petromyzontidae 

Caspiomyzon wagneri Kessler, 1870 Caspian Lamprey (Иланбалыьы) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Class Actinopterygii - ray-finned fishes 

Order Acipenseriformes 

Family Acipenseridae - Sturgeons 

Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Brandt, Russian Sturgeon (Рус няряси) EN A2d 

1833 

ver 2.3 (1994), 

CITES 

Acipenser nudivetntris Fringebarbel sturgeon (Кялямо, 

(appendix II) 

EN A1acde+2d 

Гайабалыьы) 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

CITES 

(appendix II) 

Acipenser persicus Borodin, 1897 Persian sturgeon EN A2d 

ver 2.3 (1994), 

CITES 

(appendix II) 

Acipenser stellatus Pallas, 1771 Starry sturgeon (Узунбурун) EN A2d 

ver 2.3 (1994), 

CITES 

(appendix II) 

Acipenser ruthenus Linnaeus, 1758 Sterlet (Чюкя) VU A1c+2d 

ver 2.3 (1994), 

CITES 

(appendix II) 

Huso huso Linnaeus, 1758 Beluga, European Sturgeon, EN A2d 

Giant Sturgeon, Great Sturgeon ver 2.3 (1994), 

Order Salmoniformes 

(Бюлэя) 

CITES 

(appendix II) 

- 

- 

- 

- 


Red Data Book 


- 

- 

- 

- 

April 2004

113 



Family Salmonidae - Salmonids 

Salmo trutta fario Linnaeus, 1758 

Order Clupeiformes 

Brown trout (Гызылхаллы) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Family Clupeidae (Herrings, shads, sardines) 

Clupeonella cultriventris 

Nordmann, 1840 

Black Sea sprat (ади килкя) DD 

ver 2.3 (1994), 

Not included in 

the Red book of 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> 

A. pontиca (A. pontиca kesslerи, A. Волга сийяняйи вя Грабел 

DD 

- 

p. volgensиs) 

Order Cypriniformes 

сийяняк(Pontиc shad) 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Family Cyprinidae (Minnows and carp) 

Abramis sapa Pallas, 1814 White-eye bream (Пору) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Pelecus cultratus Linnaeus, 1758 Ziege (Гылынжбалыг) DD Included in the 



Rutilus frisii (Nordmann, 1840) 

Фясиля: Cobitidae 

Кцтцм, зийад (Black Sea Roach) DD 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

- 

Sabanejewia aurata (De Filippi, Гызылы илишкян (Goldside Loach) DD 

- 

1863) 

Order Perciformes 

Family Percidae (Perches) 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Lucioperca marine Cuvier, 1928 Marine Zander (Дяниз сыфы) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Class Amphibia - Amphibians 

Order Caudata 

Family Salamandridae - Salamanders 

Triturus vulgaris Linneus.,1758 (In Smooth Newt (Ади тритон) - Included in the 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Triturus vulgaris lantzi 

Red Data Book 

threatened) 


Triturus cristatus Laur., 1786 (In Great Crested Newt (Дараглы LR/cd Included in the 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Triturus cristatus тритон) 


karelini threatened) 

Order Anura 

Family Pelobatidae 


Pelobates syriacus Boettger., 1889 Eastern Spadefoot (Сурийа 

сарымсагийли гурбаьасы) 

Family Hylidae 

Hyla arborea Common Tree Frog (Ади аьаж 

гурбаьасы) 

Family Pelodytidae 

Pelodytes caucasicus Boul., 1896 Caucasian Parsley Frog (Гафгаз 

хачлыжасы) 

Family Bufonidae - Toads 


Red Data Book 


LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Not in 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Red 

data book 

- 


Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 


April 2004

Bufo verucosиssma (Pallas,1813) Гафгаз гуру гурбаьасы 

(Caucasиan Toad) 

Class Reptilia - Reptiles 

Order Testudines 

Family Testudinidae 

Testudo graeca Linnaeus, 1758 Common Tortoise, Greek 

Tortoise, Moorish Tortoise, 

Spur-thigned Tortoise (Аралыг 

Дянизи Тысбаьасы) 

Order Squamata 

Suborder Sauria (Lacertidae)- Lizards 

Family Agamidae - Agamas 

Trapelus ruderatus Rastegar- 

Pouyani, 2000 

Phrynocephalus helioscopus 

Engelmann et al, 1993 

Family Scincidae - Skinks 

Mabuya aurata Greer & 

Nussbaum, 2000 

Ablepharus bivittatus Engelmann 

et al, 1993 

Horn-scaled Agama (Харабалыг 

кялязи) 

Sunwatcher Toadhead Agama 

(Эирдабаш йовшанлыг кяртянэяляси) 

Golden Grass Mabuya (Гызылы 

мабуйа) 

Twin-striped Skink (Золаглы 

чылпагэюз кяртянэяля) 

Suborder Ophidia (Serpentes) – Snakes 

Family Colubridae - Colubrids 

Coluber longissimus Laurenti, 1768 Aesculapean Snake (Ескулап 

иланы) 

114 




Red Data Book 


VU A1cd 

ver 2.3 (1994) 


Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 


- 

Elaphe situla (Linnaeus, 1758) Leopard snake DD 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Rhynchocalamus melanocephalus Palestine Kukri Snake (Гарабаш - Included in the 

Engelmann et al, 1993 

ринхокаламус) 

Red Data Book 


Natrix megalocephala Engelmann Bighead-European Grass VU A1d, C1 

- 

et al, 1993 

Snake, Large-headed Water 

Snake 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Vipera raddei raddei Boettger, 1890 Caucasus Viper (Кичик асийа 


эцрзяси) 

Red Data Book 


Vipera dinniki McDiarmid, Dinnik's Viper VU C1+2a 

- 

Campbell & Toure 

Class Aves - Birds 

Order Pelecaniformes 

Family Pelecanidae - Pelicans 

ver 2.3 (1994) 


<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> red 

data book 

Pelecanus onocrotalus Linn.1758 White pelican (Чящрайы гутан) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Pelecanus crispus Bruch, 1832 Dalmatian pelican (Гыврымляляк LR/cd Included in the 

Family Phalacrocoracidae 

гутан) 



April 2004

Phalacrocorax pygmaeus Pall.,1773 Pygmy cormorant (Кичик 

гарабатдаг) 

115 



LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 


red data book 

Order Ciconiiformes 

Family Threskiornithidae 

Platalea leucorodia Linn.,1758 Spoonbill (Ярсиндимдик) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Family Ciconidae 

Ciconia nigra Linn.,1758 Black stork (Гара лейляк) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Order Ciconiformes 

Family Phoenicopteridae 

Phoenicopterus ruber Pall., 

Linn.,1758 

Greater flamingo (Гызылгаз) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Order Anseriformes 

Family Anatidae 

Branta ruficollis Pallas., 1769 Brent goose (Гырмызыдюш газ) VU B1+2c 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Anser erythropus Linnaeus, 1758 Lesser white-fronted goose 

(Аьгаш газ) 

VU A1acd+2bcd 

ver 2.3 (1994) 


red data book 

- 


Red Data Book 


- 

Cygnus olor Gm., 1789 Mute swan (Фысылдайан гу) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Cygnus columbianus bewickii 

Varrell, 1830 

Marmaronetta angustirostris 

Menetr.,1832 

Bewick’s swan (Кичик гу) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Marbled teal (Мярмяр жцря) VU A1cd+2cd, 

C1 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Aythya nyroca Guld., 1770 Ferruginous duck (Аьэюз 

дальыж) 

Oxyura leucocephala Scop., 1769 White-headed duck 

(Эюйдимдик) 

LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

EN A1acde 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 


Red Data Book 


- 

Order Falconiformes 

Family Accipitridae 

Pandion haliaetus Linn.,1758 Osprey (Чай гарагушу) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Haliaeetus albicilla Linn.,1758 White-tailed (sea) eagle 

(Аьгуйруг дяниз гарталы) 

LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

- 


Red Data Book 


Accipiter gentilis Linn., 1758 Goshawk (Тетрачалан) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


April 2004

116 



Accipiter badius Gmelin, 1788 Shikra (Тцркцстан тцвцйц) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Aquila nipalensis Temm.,1828 Steppe eagle (Чюл гарталы) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Aquila clanga Pall.,1811 Greater spotted eagle (Кичик 

гарталча) 

VU C1 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Aquila heliaca Savigny, 1809 Imperial eagle (Мязар гарталы) VU C1 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

- 


Red Data Book 


Aquila chrysaetus Linn.,1758 Golden eagle (Бяргуд) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Gypaetus barbatus Linn.,1758 Lammergeier or Bearded 

vulture (Тоьлуэютцрян) 


Red Data Book 


Aegypius monachus Linn., 1758 Black vulture (Гара кяркяс) LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

- 

Circaetus gallicus Gmelin,1788 Short-toed eagle (Иланйейян) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Circus macrourus Gm., 1771 

Family Falconidae 

Pallid harrier (Чюл белибаьлысы) LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

- 

Falco cherrug Gray., 1834 Saker falcon (Цтялэи) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Falco peregrinus Tunstall, 1771 Peregrine (Шащин, лачын) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Falco naumanni Fleischer, 1818 Lesser kestrel (Чюл муймулу) VU A1bce+2bce 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

- 

Order Galliformes 

Family Tetraonidae 

Tetrao mlokosiewiczi Taczan., 1875 Caucasian black grouse 

(Гафгаз тетрасы) 

DD 

ver 2.3 (1994) 


Red Data Book 


Tetraogallus caspiсus Gm.,1784 Caspian snowcock (Хязяр улары) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Tetraogallus caucasicus Pall., 1811 Caucasian snowcock (Гафгаз 

улары) 

Family Phasianidae 


Red Data Book 


April 2004

Francolinus francolinus Linn.,1758 Black francolin, black partridge 

(Тураж) 

Phasianus colchicus talischensis 

Lor.,1888 

Pheasant (Гырговулун талыш 

йарымнювц) 

117 




Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 


Order Gruiformes 

Family Gruidae 

Grus leucogeranus Pall., 1773 Siberian crane (Аь дурна) CR A2cde 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

- 

Crex crex Linn.,1758 

Family Rallidae 

Corn crake (Живдимдик) VU A2c 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

- 

Porphyrio porphyrio Linn.,1758 Purple gallinule (Султан тойуьу) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Family Otididae 

Otis tarda Linn.,1758 Great bustard (Довдаг) VU A2c 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Otis tetrax Linn.,1758 Little bustard (Бязэяэ) LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Chlamydotis undulata Jacuin, 1784 Houbara bustard (Эяшянэ 

довдаг, Жек) 

Order Charadriformes 

Family Charadriidae 

Vanellus gregarius Pall., 1771 Sociable plover (Чюкцкбурун 

жцллцт) 

Vanellus (= Chettusia) leucura 

Licht., 1823 

Family Scolopaciadae 

Numenius tenuirostris Vieillot, 

1718 

White-tailed lapwing 

(Аьгуйруг чюкцкбурун) 

Slender-billed curlew (Кичик 

кроншнеп) 

LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 


Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 


VU A1ac+2bc, 

- 

C1 

ver 2.3 (1994) 


Red Data Book 


CR C2b, D 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Gallinago media Latham, 1787 Great snipe (Тямбял бекас) LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Family Glareolidae 

Glareola nordmanni Nordm., 1842 Black-winged pratincole (Чюл 

щачагуйруг жцллцтц) 

Order Columbiformes 

DD 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

- 

- 


Red Data Book 


April 2004

Pterocles orientalis Linn., 1758 Black-belled Sandgrouse 

(Гарагарын баьрыгара) 

Order Passeriformes 

Family Turdidae 

Irania gutturals Guerin, 1843 White-throated Robin (Аьбоьаз 

бцлбцл) 

118 




Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 


Family Parinae 

Parus hyrcanus Loscot, 1977 Hircan tit (Щиркан arыquшu) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Rhodopechys githaginea (= 

Bucanetes githagineus) Licht., 1823 

Trumpeter finch (Сящра 

гаргушу) 

Class Mammalia – Mammals 

Order Chiroptera – Bats 

Rhinolophus euryale Blasius, 1835 Mediterranean horseshoe bat 

(жянуб налбуруну) 

Rhinolophus mehelyi Matschie, 

1901 

Mehely’s horseshoe bat (Мещели 

налбуруну) 


Red Data Book 


VU A2c 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

VU A2c 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Rhinolophus blasii Peters, 1866 Blasius’s horseshoe bat LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Rhinolophus ferrumequinum 

Schreber, 1774 

Rhinolophus hipposideros 

Bechstein, 1800 

Greater horseshoe bat LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Lesser horseshoe bat VU A2c 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Miniopterus schreibersi Kuhl, 1817 Common bentwing bat, 

Schreiber’s long fingered bat 

LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Nyctalus lasiopterus Schreber, 1780 Giant noctule LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Nyctalus leisleri Kuhl, 1817 Lesser noctule LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Тadarida teniotis Rafinesque, 1814 European fretailed bat 

(Бюйцкдодаг енлийарпаг) 


Red Data Book 


- 

- 

- 

- 


Red Data Book 


- 


Red Data Book 


- 

April 2004

Barbastella barbastellus Schreber, 

1774 

Myotus bechsteini Kuhl, 1817 Bechstein’s bat (Берштейн 

шябпяряси) 

Myotus emarginatus É. Geoffroy, 

1806teniotis 

Order Carnivora 

Suborder Feliformia 

Family Felidae – Cats 

Panthera tigris virgata Illiger, 

1815 67 

119 



Western barbastelle VU A2c 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

VU A2c 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Geoffroy’s bat (Цчрянэ шябпяря) VU A2c 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Tiger, turan tiger (Пялянэ) EN C2a(i) 

ver 3.1 (2001) 

Lynx lynx Linnaeus, 1758 Eurasian lynx (Вашаг) LT 

ver 3.1 (2001) 

- 

- 

- 


Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 


Panthera pardus Linnaeus, 1758 Leopard (Бябир (халлы пялянэ) Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Felis silvestris Schreber, 177568 Wild cat (чюл пишийи) - Included in the 

Red Data Book 


Otocolobus manul Pallas, 1776 Pallas' cat (Манул пишийи) NT 

ver 3.1 (2001) 

Sub-order Pinnepedia 

Family Phocidae 

Phoca caspica Gmelin, 1788 

Family Hyaenidae – Hyaenas 

Caspian Seal (Хязяр суити) VU B1+2e 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Hyaena hyaena Linnaeus, 1758 Striped hyaena (Золаглы кафтар) LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

Family Mustelidae – Mustelids 

Vormela peregusna Güldenstädt, 

1770 

Marbled Polecat (Сафсар 

(сарыглы)) 

Lutra lutra L., 1758 Common Otter (Чай самуру) VU A2cde 

ver 2.3 (1994) 


Red Data Book 


- 


Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 


67 The last recorded Turan tiger was killed in the Talysh region (Prishib village) in 1932. Reports of 

tigers in the Lenkoran region persisted since 1950, however there was thought to be some confusion 

with observation of leopards, and the tiger was listed in the Red Book subsequent to its extinction in 


68 The steppe form of wild cat, which is distributed across Africa and Asia, is protected in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> 

- 

April 2004

Order Rodentia – Rodents 

Family Hystricidae – Scirtidae 

Sciurus anomalus Güldenstädt, 

1785 

Caucasian Squirrel, Persian 

Squirrel (Загафгазийа синжабы) 

120 



LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Family Didodidae 

Sicista betulina Pallas, 1779 

Family Myxodae 

Northern Birch Mouse LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Glis glis Linnaeus, 1766 Fat dormoise LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Family Muridae 

Apodemus hyrcanicus Vorontsov, 

Boyeskorov & Mezhzherin, 1992 

Calomyscus urartensis Vorontsev 

& Kartavseva, 1979 

Caucasus field mouse DD 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Urartsk mouse-like hamster LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

Chionomys nivalis Martins, 1842 European snow vole, snow 

vole 

Order Artiodactyla 

Family Bovidae 

Gazella subgutturosa Güldenstädt, 

1780 

Goitred Gazelle, Sand Gazelle 

(Жейран) 

Capra cylindricornis Blyth, 1841) Eastern Caucasian Tur (Даьыстан 

туру, Даь кяли) 

Capra aegagrus Erxleben, 1777 Wild goat (Безоар кечиси, Гайа 

кечиси) 

Rupicapra rupicapra L., 1758 Alpine chamois (Кюэяр 

(Гарапача)) 

Ovis orientalis Gmelin, 1774 Mouflon (Кичик Асийа Муфлону, 

Вящши гойун) 

LR/nt 

ver 2.3 (1994) 



data book 

NT 

ver 3.1 (2001) 

VU A1d+2de, 

C1 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

VU A2cde 

ver 2.3 (1994) 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 


Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 



Red Data Book 


VU A2cde 

ver 2.3 (1994) 


Red Data Book 


April 2004

Appendix 2. 

Land use in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> 

Region Human 

population Total area Total 

agricultural 

land 

Annual 

plants 

Perenial 

plants 

Area (ha) 

Ploughed 

land 

Gardens Arable Meadow 

and pasture 

Absheron 30,200 525,500 187,800 20,1000 3,800 6,000 5,800 35,700 152,100 

Guba-Khachmaz 312,900 801,000 446,500 126,700 28,200 200 15,300 170,500 276,000 

Zakatala-Balakan 401,400 987,700 462,300 178,200 41,900 2,300 18,900 241,200 221,100 

Shirvan 523,600 1196,400 752,400 298,600 15,400 11,200 37,200 362,300 390,100 

Ganja-Gazakh 602,700 1,249,400 792,200 188,100 4,100 7,200 42,500 242,000 550,200 

Gasabag-Mil 545,800 886,800 570,500 262,300 18,200 4,100 29,800 314,300 256,200 

Mugan-Salyan 484,300 776,800 579,300 282,200 400 5,700 39,500 327,800 251,500 

Lenkoran-Astara 455,300 493,700 197,800 65,800 9,300 3,400 14,000 92,400 105,400 

Nakhichevan 267,400 536,300 170,800 28,400 700 12,600 12,900 54,600 116,200 

Total 3,623,600 7,453,500 4,159,700 1,450,400 122,000 52,700 215,700 1,840,900 2,318,800 

Occupied territories 387,700 1,188,000 581,300 171,400 38,000 7,100 8,300 224,900 356,400 

Total 4,011,300 8,641,500 4,741,000 1,621,900 160,000 59,900 224,000 2,65,700 2,675,200 

Source: State Committee of Land and Cartography. Figures shown from “<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> agriculture 2001”, from State Statistic Committee, p.61-70.

122 



Appendix 3. 

Environmental NGO’s in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> 

English Name Contact person Phone /Fax E-mail Address 

Alive Nature <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Flora 

and Fauna Founders Club 

Ana Kur International 

Ecological Society 

Association for Control of the 

Human 

Protozoons 

and Animal's 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Center for 

Protection of Birds 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Demographers 

Association (ADA) 

Aynur 

Surkhayeva 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Ecological Union Manaf 

Suleymanov 

69504, 

722771 

Sumgayit, 23, 17th 

District, apt. 34 

Israil Aliyev 567901 Ganja, 273, Ataturk 

Avenue 

Hamida 

935773 

Gayibova, Mehdi 

Aliyev 

Elchin Sultanov 927052, 

3161651 

Niyazi 

711909 

Mursagulov 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Green Movement Farida 

Huseynova, 

Khalid Aliyev 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> National 

Committee on International 

Hydrologist Program 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Society of Study of 

Local Lore 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Society of 

Zoologists 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Society for 

Protection of Animals 

Caucasus Int'l Center of Study 

of Local Lore & Ecotourism 

Cultural Ecological Center 

Goy Gurshagy 

Magbet 

Mamedov, Farda 

Imanov 

Aydin Eyvazov, 

Seyran Veliyev 

Musa Musayev, 

Barat 

Akhmedov, 

Tahir Kerimov 

Azer Garayev, 

Gunduz 

Rahimov 

gamida_gaib@ho 

tmail.com 

sultanov@azeuro 

tel.com 

mursakulovnn@ 

aznet.org, 

mursakulov@hot 

mail.com 

Baki, 27, <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> 

av., apt.22 

Baki, 370073, passage 

1128, mehelle 504 

Baki, 63 a , M.Hadi, 

apt. 97 

396123 Baki, 28a, 

Inshaatchilar av., apt. 

43 

3299391, 

958939 

474068, 

390501, 

673156 

920882, 

987903, 

987903 

397371, 

397359, 

917783 

940304, (850) 

125089 

Elchin Orujev 712468, 

3271273 

Dalga Charitable Society Seyidzadeh M., 

Ahmedov I. 

Guseynovafk@a 

znet.org 

farda@azerin.co 

m 

zoology@deacs.a 

b.az 

aspa@azintex.co 

m 

cavcin@azdata.n 

et 

Baki, 370001, 47/17, 

Istiglaliyyet str. 

Branches in 

Mingechevir 

Sumgayit. 

and 

Baki, 370148, 23 

Khalilov academician 

str., Baki State 

University 

Baki, 27 U.Hajibeyov 

str. 

Baki, 370073, 1128 

block, pass 504 

Baki, 370014, 53, 

Fizuly str., apt. 96; 

Branch in Kazahstan 

Baki, 370123, 26, 

R.Mamedov, apt.154 

Ismayil Sadikhly 42294 Sheki 20, 5 Sary 

Torpag str., pereulok 4 

766365 Baki, 95, Babek av., 

apt. 54. Branch in 

Mingechevir 

Eco-TES Chingiz Nazarov 61598 ekotes@mail.ru Mingechevir, 1, Y. 

Ecolex - <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Samir Isayev, 683359, Ecolex@azdata.n 

Mansurov str., apt. 16 

Baki, 4th district, 29a, 

Environmental Law Center Sevil Isayeva 3121439, 

683359 

et 

Javadkhan str., apt. 99 

Ecological Biophysics Ralfrid Hasanov 398608 Baki, 40, Patamdar 

road (2, Metbuat av.), 

Botany Institute 

International Youth Ecological Valida 

776184, azimovar@aznet. Baki, 370001, 47, 

Center 

Khanbabayeva, 

Ali Azimov 

204537 org 

Istiglaliyat str., apt. 17 

Ecological Fund Elshad Mamedov (22) 573578, azti@ganca.net Ganja, 103, 28 May str. 

April 2004

123 



Ecological Problems Research Kamran 

575660 

760042 ngo@isar-az.org Baki, 36, Ganja av., 

Center 

Mahmudov 

apt. 35 

Ecology and Health Gulnara 

33827, 34461 Khachmaz, 74, 

Agarahimova 

Narimanov str. 

Ecology Teachers Charitable Suveyrat 

710609 Baki, 22b, Zikh road, 

Society 

Hasanova, 

Elmira Gabulova 

apt. 129 

Ecopark Organization Hikmet Salahov, 

sum@sec.sumgai Sumgayit, 373200, 16, 

Arif Islamzade 

t.az 

Nizamy str. 

Ecores Information Analytic Rafig Verdiyev 958368, ecores@iatp.bak Baki 370002, 157 Sh. 

Environmental Agency 

951223, 

983181, 

929961 

u.az 

Azizbekov str., apt. 23 

ECOS - Ecological Stability Ayten Poladova 951247, fidan8@azintex.c Baki, 370014, 54, Bul- 

316589 om 

Bul Avenue 

Ecosaf Rasim Aliyev 237778, rasim- 

Baki, 14, A.Manafov 

552783, (855) 

7781923 

aliyev@yahoo.co 

m 

str., apt.36 

Ecosphere Social Ecological Firuza 

924348, ecosphera@azeu Baki, 3, Lermontov 

Center 

Sultanzade, 

Zuleykha 

Aliyeva 

3320034 rotel.com str., apt. 61 

Ekoil - Scientific Ecological Muslim 

941214 mgurbanov@hot Baki, 370014, 31a, H. 

Society 

Gurbanov 

mail.com Javid av. 

Elsevenler Society Chingiz 

Verdiyev 

32145 Ganja, 80, Ozan str. 

Fevgal Association of Habib Ojagov, 390775, Fovgal@azeronli Baki, 370073, 5, Ayna 

Specialists on Emergency Gayibeli 

395452 ne.com 

Sultanova 

Situations and Security of Hajimetov 

Human Life Activity 

For Clean Caspian Sea Yegana Mehdi 758946 Yeganam@yahoo Baki, 21, Hojaly str., 

.com 

apt.6 

Public Ecological Foundation Garib Mamedov 392261 Baki 370073, 31 G. 

named after Gasan Aliyev 

Javid av. 

Golden Beehive Beekeepers Yevdokiya 924686, goldenhive@hot Baki, 370004, 15, 1st 

Society 

Khanbeyova, Kh. 3468917 mail.com Yasr povorot, apt. 2 

Aliyev, 

Huseynzade 

G. 

Gyulyum Irada Guliyeva 975291, 21century@azdat Baki, 2 bulvar, 5b 

902292 a.net 

Mamedyarov 

apt.18 

str., 

Healthy Society Group Aydin Samedov 614540 Baki, 3a S.Akhundov 

str., apt. 7 

Human and Environment Ismayil 

973867 ismayilov@bak.n Baki, 370001, 29/3, 

Ismayilov 

et.az 

Mukhtarov str. 

Independent Ecology & Tural Jamalov, 267057, max- 

Baki, Bakikhanov 

Economics Organization Asif 

268578 asif@usa.net settlement., bloc # 

Makhmudov 

4083, 2, apt.27 

Intellect Regional Tahir Novruzov, 25773, 25165 Shamkir, 8 M. Sabir 

Humanitarian 

Education Center 

Ecological Zahid Abbasov 

str. 

Kur-Khazar Charity Society T. Mehdiyeva, B. 663156, 

Baki, 38, Gadirbeyova 

Mikayilov 981179, 

str. Branches in 

907227 

Neftchala, 

Salyan 

Ganja, 

Lapirchy Alkhan Garayev 973103 Shamakhy region, 

Galaybugurd 

school 

village 

Mother nature Natural Arshad Azimov 52137, 

Guba, 2a, Fatalykhan 

Hygiene Center 

3168197 

str., apt 39 

April 2004

National Center of 

Environmental Forecasting 

Nature and Society Sammadin 

Our House Caucasus 

International Children 

Ecological Union 

124 



Telman Zeynalov 945342 Baki, 13, Mirza Aga 

Aliyev str., apt. 14 

52232 Guba, 21, Fataly khan 

Hajialiyev 

str. 

Firuza Amirova, 

Rufat Alekperov 

406330, 

955994, (855) 

7826165, 

922327 

Piligrim Yuriy Valuyev 405819, (850) 

3434589 

Protection of the Natural 

Resources Society 

Reyhan 

Aslanova 

ourhome@azdat 

a.net; 

www.azer.web.c 

om/ourhome/ 

piligrim@azdata. 

net; website: 

http://www.aze 

rweb.com/direct 

ories/director.cf 

m 

Baki 370025, 45/57, 

Nobel av. Branches in 

Ali-Bayramli 

Nakhichevan. 

and 

Baki, 370007, 56 

Sarabskogo str., apt. 36 

660 Khachmaz, Yalama 

village 

Rostok (Sprout) Garib Akhmedov 315575 Baki, 4 microrayon, 13, 

Jabiyev str., apt. 6 

Ruzgar Ecological Social Islam 

769801, IMustafaev@iatp Baki, 370119, 124/128, 

Union 

Mustafayev 394113 .baku.az G.Garayev str. 

<strong>Azerbaijan</strong> Society for Sabir Israfilov, 697357, (850) isabir@azdata.ne Baki, 7 M/district, 5, 

Protection of Nature 

Chingiz 

3396998 t 

S.Sani Akhundov str., 

Mageramov, 

5. Branches in 36 

Samir Isayev 

regions of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong>. 

Society for Protection of Solmaz Asadova, (172) 71292, 

Khachmaz, Resource 

Farmers Rights 

Eyvaz Javadov, 33025 

Center, Gimil Gimlag 

Hadija Eldarova 

village 

Chinar Society for Protection Vugar Mehdiyev 714022 Baki, 36 Abilov str., 

of Flora and Fauna 

apt.1 

Sorge Children Care Charity Tamara 

312201, azsorge@bakinte Baki, 79, Zardabi str. 

Society 

Dadasheva, 943810, r.net 

Aygun 

300034, (850) 

Shahbazova, 

Valida Aliyeva 

3137299 

South Eco-SOS Society for Elvin Sadigov (171) 47907, el_len_eco@yaho Lenkoran, 90, Nizami 

Nature Protection 

(850) 3642899 o.com 

str. 

TETA Hazri Public Lydiya 

680351, azgeog@geo.ab.a Baki, 3 microrayon, 28, 

Association for Development 

and Research 

Gulizadeh 3362648 z 

Javadkhan str., apt. 37 

World is our home Peace and Haji Hajiyev, 931438 far@monitor.bak Baki, 3, R.Behbutov 

Travelling Center 

Orkhan Eyyubov 

u.az 

str. 

Yashil Dalga Youth Ecological Salman 

235121 Baki, B. Chobanzadeh, 

Center 

Suleymanov 

41-2 

Yashil Dunya (Green World) Elmar Babayev, 319128, L- 

Baki, 68 A. 

Ilgar Zeynalov 2131652, bey@excite.com Maharramov Str., apt. 

3208683 

102 

Young 

Association 

Agrobusiness Azer Humbetov 67652, 57838 Ganja, 15, Ganja str. 

International Youth Vafa Jafarova, 776184, 

370001, Baki, 31 

Environmental Center 

Rasim Ashumov 204537, 

Istiglaliyyet str., 5-th 

677791 

floor 

Human and Peace Irada Mikayilova 51450, (850) 

Guba city, 68, Sulh 

3281381 

Avenue 

Ozone Social Ecological Public Azad 

(850) 3350174 

Guba region, 


Allahverdiyev . 

Hajigayib village 

Damiragach Public Ecological Sabir 

42445 Lenkoran, 63, Koroglu 


Suleymanov, 

Novruz Guliyev 

Street 

Mammalogists of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> I. Rakhmatulina, 953312 zoology@dcacs.a Baki, 127, S. Askerova 

E. Askerov 

b.az 

Street 

April 2004

Development of Mountain 

Regions of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> 

Public Union For the Sake of 

Health Environment 

Scientific Research Institute on 

Prognosis and Studying of 

Earthquakes 

Public Union of Information 

and Technical Support to the 

Development of 

Entrepreneurship 

Public Union of Creative 

Intelligentsia Seyyah RITM 

Public Union of Assistance to 

the Development of 

Entrepreneurship Eko-Ay 

Public Union for Protection of 

Nature Dalga 

Public Union Health 

Environment 

Sheki branch of the Union of 

Afghanistan Veterans of The 

Republic of <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> 

Jahangir Najafov, 

Dilara Veliyeva 

Rahim 

Kalantarov, 

Vugar Aliyev, 

Enver Rustamov 

Elchin Khalilov, 

Abbas Guvalov 

Anar Garibov, 

Fahraddin 

Ibrahimov 

Gurban Dostalizade, 

Rafail 

Hasanov 

125 



948654, 

978775, 

3219880, 

958662 

adria@yahoo.co 

m 

Baki, 56, J. 

Mamedguluzade 

Street, apt. 9 

54264 Lenkoran, 31, Mir 

Mustafa-han Street, 

apt. 6 

981415, 

938400 

931153 

Ilgar Namazov (22) 562346, 

564259, 

561677, (22) 

532346 

Natig Hatamov (154) 55537, 

(850) 3455842 

Zemfira 

Sadikhova 

Nazim Yusifov, 

Vugar Ilyasov 

enitech@yahoo.c 

om 

sitiyar@hotmail.c 

om 

Baki, Nasimi district, 

18, Mardanov 

gardashlary Street 

Baki, 16/7, U. 

Hajibeyov Street 

399838 Baki, N. Narimanov 

Street, house 2, tupic 1 

ilgarn@mail.ru Ganja, 90/81, 

S.I.Khatai Avenue 

Imishli region, 25, 

Fizuli Street 

624880 Baki, 33/40 Ataturk 

Avenue 

43894, 48891 Sheki city, 175, 

M.E.Rasulzade Street 

Nature and Person Kamil Ilyasov 54105, (850) 

3146358 

Guba, 2a, Vagif Street 

Shafag Ecoturism Union Ali Dovlatov 40731 Lenkoran, 

Sattarhan Street 

48, 

Objective Public Organization Heydar 

(850) 3284457 obyektiv@yahoo. Lenkoran, 3, Tofik 

of Artists 

Gasimov, Nazim 

com 

Ismayilov Street, Floor 

Gubadov 

4 

Dirchelish Eynulla 

Kheyrullayev 

51450 Guba, 68 Sulh Avenue 

Caspian Children Ecological Elnara 

766306, 

Baki, 6, Ahmed Javad 

Club 

Asadullayeva 388580 

Street, apt. 58 

Union of Women-Journalist Gulnaz 

396072 Baki, 87a, Javid 

Ecologists 

Bagvanova 

Avenue, apt. 740 

Hayajan Nature Protection Tahir Aydinov 924591 zootair@baku- Baki, 39, Bakihanov 

and 

Organization 

Rehabilitation 

az.net 

Str. 

Organization of Protection of Hikmat 

(171) 53104 hikmat- Lenkoran city, 18, M.E. 

Environment "Soil" 

Mamedov 

bodybuilder@ho 

tmail.com 

Rasulzade Street 

Social Ecological Association Vadim Garayev, 936111, (850) 

Baki, 130, M. Alizade 

Green Way 

N. Mustafayev, 3126905 

Str. 

R. Ahmedov 

Ganja Agrobusiness 

Amin Babayev, 569400 gaba@ganca.net Ganja, 24, Ganja Street 

Association 

Vugar Babayev, 

Vugar Agayev 

April 2004

126 



Appendix 4 

Species found in captivity or 

in ex situ conditions in <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> 69 

Scientific name Common name(s) IUCN 

listing 

CITES 

status 

National 

Threat 

Status 

Mammals 

Panthera leo (Linnaeus, 1758) Lion (Африка Асланы) VU C2a(i) II - 

Panthera tigris longipilis (Fitzinger, Siberian tiger, Siberian tiger EN C2a(i) I - 

1868) 

(Амур пялянэи) 

Puma concolor (Linnaeus, 1771) Mountain lion, Puma (Пума) NT II - 

Felis chaus (Schreber, 1777) Jungle cat (Гамыш пишийи) - II - 

Ursus arctos (Linnaeus, 1758) Brown bear (Гонур айы) - II - 

Ursus americanus (Pallas, 1780) American black bear, black bear 

(Гара айы) 

- II - 

Canis lupus (Linnaeus, 1758) Gray Wolf (Боз жанавар) - II - 

Papio hamadryas (Linnaeus, 1758) Hamadryas baboon, Sacred 

baboon (Павиан-гамадрил) 

LR/nt II - 

Chlorocebus aethiops (Linnaeus, Green monkey, Vervet monkey - II - 

1758) 

(Йашыл меймун) 

Macaca mulatta (Zimmermann, Rhesus macaque, Rhesus 

LR/nt II - 

1780) 

monkey (Макака резус) 

Cercopithecus cephus (Linnaeus, Moustached monkey (Мависифят - II - 

1758) 

меймун) 

Capra cylindricornis (Blyth, 1841) East Caucasian tur (Даьыстан 

VU - - 

туру) 

A1d+2de, 

C1 

Gazella subgutturosa (Güldenstädt, Goitred gazelle, Sand gazelle 

NT - Endangered 

1780) 

(Жейран) 

Lama guanacoe Llama (Лама гуанако) - II - 

Sciurus anomalus (Güldenstädt, Caucasian squirrel, Persian 

LR/nt - - 

1785) 

squirrel (Гафгаз (фарс) синжабы) 

Sciurus vulgaris (Linnaeus, 1758) 

Birds 

Eurasian red squirrel, Red 

squirrel (Ади синжаб) 

NT - - 

Struthio camelus (Linnaeus, 1758) Ostrich (Африка дявягушу) - I - 

Pelecanus crispus (Linnaeus, 1758) Dalmatian pelican (Гыврымляляк LR/cd I Rare, 

гутан) 

declining 

Platalea leucorodia leucorodia Spoonbill (Ярсиндимдик) - II Rare, 

declining. 

Phoenicopterus roseus( Pall., 1758) Flamingo (Гызыл газ) - II Rare, 

declining 

Alopochen aegyptiacus (Linnaeus, 

1766) 

Нил газы - - - 

Aix galericulata (Linnaeus, 1758) Мандарин юрдяк - - - 

Branta canadensis (Linnaeus, 1758) Canada goose (Канада казаркасы) - I - 

Porphyrio porphyrio (Linnaeus, 1758) Purple swamphen, purple - - Rare species. 

Circus cyaneus (Linnaeus, 1766) 

gallinule (Султан тойуьу) 

Hen harrier (Чямянлик белибаьлысы) - II - 

Circus aeruginosus Marsh 

белибаьлысы) 

harrier (Батаглыг - II - 

Aythya nyroca (Guldenstadt, 1770) Ferruginous duck, Ferruginous 

pochard, White-eyed porchard 

(Аьэюз дальыж) 

LR/nt III - 

69 Includes a number of foreign species which are of conservation importance, with nationally 

threatened species are identified in the final column. 

April 2004

127 



Aegypius monachus (Linnaeus, 1766) Black vulture, Cinereous Vulture 

(Гара гриф) 

LR/nt II - 

Aquila chrysaetus (Linnaeus, 1758) Aigle royal, golden eagle 

- II Rare, 

(Беркут) 

declining 

Aquila heliaca (Savigny, 1809) Spanish imperial eagle (Мязар VU C1 I Rare, 

гарталы) 

declining 

Aquila nipalensis (Hodgson, 1833) Чюл гарталы - II - 

Gyps fulvus (Hablizl, 1783) Griffon vulture (Аьбаш кяркяс) - II - 

Gypaetus barbatus (Linnaeus, 1758) Lammergeier, bearded vulture 

(Тоьлуэютцрян) 

- II Endangered 

Falco peregrinus (Tunstall, 1771) Peregrine falcon (Ади шащин 

- I Rare, 

(сапсан)) 

declining 

Buteo buteo (Linnaeus, 1758) Buzzard (Ади сар) - II - 

Neophron percnopterus (Linnaeus, Egyptian vulture (Лешйлдян - II - 

1758) 

гартал) 

Ara ararauna (Linnaeus, 1758) Ara (Ара тутугушу) II - 

Amazona albifrons (Sparrman, 1788) Аьбаш амазон - - 

Psittacula eupatria (Linnaeus, 1766) Бюйцкхалталы тутугушу - II - 

Psittacula krameri (Scopoli, 1769) Rose-ringed parakeet (Кичик - III - 

Poicephalus senegalus (Linnaeus, 

1766) 

халталы тутугушу) 

Сенегал тутугушу - II - 

Eos histrio (Muller, 1776) Red and blue lory (Эюй-гырмызы EN A2cd, II - 

лори тутугушу) 

B1+2abcde 

Psittacus erithagus Linnaeus, 1758 Ъако тутугушусу - II - 

Psephotus 

1838) 

haematonotus (Gould, Охуйан тутугушу - II - 

Chrysolophus pictus (Linnaeus, 1758) Гызыл гырьовул - - - 

Chrysolophus 

(Leadbeater, 1829) 

amherstiae Алмас гырьовулу - - - 

Lophura swinhoii (Gould, 1863) Swinhoe’s Pheasant (Тайван LR/nt I - 

Lophura leucomelana (Latham, 1790) 

гырьоиулу (Свайнo)) 

Непал гырьовулу - - - 

Bubo bubo (Linnaeus, 1758) 

Reptiles and amphibians 

Eagle owl (Ири йапалаь) - II - 

Python molurus bivittatus (Kuhl Asian rock python, Burmese LR/nt I - 

1820) 

python (Тцндпялянэи питон) 

Eunectes notaeus (Cope 1862) Yellow anaconda (Парагвай - II - 

Boa constrictor (Linnaeus, 1758) 

анакондасы) 

Boa constrictor (Император удавы) - II - 

Varanus niloticus (Fitzinger, 1826) Nile monitor (Нил вараны) - II - 

Testudo graeca ibera (Pallas, 1814) Common tortoise, Greek Tortoise 

(Аралыг дянизи тысбаьасы) 

Emys orbicularis (Blanford, 1876) European pond turtle (Батаглыг 

тысбаьасы) 

Caiman crocodilus (Conant & Common caiman (Тимсащвари 

Collins, 1991) 

кайман) 

VU A1cd I Declining 

range and 

population 

- - - 

- II - 

April 2004

128 



Appendix 5. 

Rare plant species listed in the Red Book of 

Nakhichevan Autonomous Republic 70 

Latin name Status Localities 

Nektaroskordum tripedale (Trautv) 

Grossh. 

Population declining, endemic Demirlidag, Soyugdag 

Carapodium platicarpum (Boiss. et Rare, at risk of extinction Kuku, Arafsa, 

Hausskn.) Schischk. 

Nasirvaz, Nusnus 

Dorema glabrum Fisch. et Mey. Rare, at risk of extinction Duzdag, Daridag, 

Nehramdag 

Ferula oopoda (Boiss. et Buhse) 

Boiss 

Rare, in danger of disappearing Duzdag 

Ferula persica Willd. Rare, habitat declining Sederek, Validag 

Ferula szowitsiana DC. Rare, habitat declining Duzdag, Validag, 

Nehramdag 

Peucedanum pauciradiatum Rare, endemic Ordubad, Genze, 

Tamamsch. 

Saridag 

Smyrniopsis oneberi Boiss. Rare, limited habitat Kechli, Bijenek, Kuku, 

Nurs 

Stenotaenia daralaghezica Takth. Rare, Caucasus habitat Arinch, Kuku, Upper 

Remeshen 

Aristolochia bottaee Jaub. et Spach Rare, reducing Within Garababa 

village 

Gundelia tournefortii L. Rare, Eurasian species Bashkend, Gazanchi, 

Hanaga, Aza 

Lactuca takhtadzhianii Sosn. Rare, population declining Novruz village, 

Garababa 

Pyrethrum komarowii Sosn. Rare, endemic Ordubad, Paraga, 

Nasirvaz 

Scorzonera pusilla Pall. Rare, habitat declining Duzdag, Sahtaxti 

Physoptychis gnaphaloides ( DC. ) 

Boiss. 

Rare, small population Demirlidag, Gemigaya 

Sampanula radula Fisch. et Tchih Rare, restricted habitat Aznaburd, (now 

Chalhangala) 

Anabasis eugeniae Iljin Rare, restricted habitat Kirna, Diza, Daridag 

Salsola tamamschjanae Iljin Rare, restricted habitat Velidag 

Juniperus foetidissima Willd. Rare, small population Batabat, Bijanak, 

Ilanlidag 

Eurhorbia grosshejmii Pokh. Rare, endemic Julfa, Ordubad, Kotam, 

Kilit 

Astragalus nachitsceanicus Rare, endemic, restricted habitat Garababa, Kotam, 

Kechili 

Astragalus paradoxus Bunge Rare, restricted habitat Nehrem, Jannab, 

Alinchachay 

Astragalus prilipkoana Grossh. Endemic, restricted habitat Bilev, Paraga 

Globularia trichosantha Fisch. et Rare, low-numbered Garagurd, Garagush 

Mey 

mountains 

Hypericum formosissimum takht. Rare, endemic, restricted habitat Aznaburd 

(Chalhangala) 

Iris grosshejmii Woronow ex Rare, restricted habitat Shixyurdu, Soyugdag 

70 53 species are listed in the Red Book 

April 2004

129 



Grossh. 

Iris elegantissima Sosn. Rare, endemic Around Sederek 

Iris lycotis Woronow Rare, endemic Aznaburd , Daridag, 

Aza, Arafsa 

Iris paradoxa Stev. Rare, endemic Around Nahchivan 

Iris prilipkoana Kem.-Nat. Rare, endemic Bijanak, Batabat, Kuku 

Iridodictium reticulate Bieb. Rare, small population Arafsa (Hazina) 

Scilla atropatana Qrossh. Rare, small population Dirnis, Nusnus 

Tulipa eichlnri Regel. Rare, endemic, restricted habitat Nusnus ( Sari 

mountains) 

Tulipa karabachensis Qrossh. Rare, endemic, restricted habitat Kotam, Kilit, 

Horhatdag 

Tulipa florenskyi Woronow Rare, habitat declining Nusnus, 

Galaguney,Dirnis 

Tulipa julija C. Koch. Rare, restricted habitat Bijenek, Arachidag, 

Goydag 

Tulipa schmidtii Fomin Endemic species Nusnus (Diah, 

Fahladarasi) 

Platanus orientalis L. Population declining, relict specie Nahchivan, Ordubad, 

Nusnus 

Avena ventricosa Bal. ex Coss. Rare, small population Payiz, Chalhangala 

Triticum monococcum L. Rare, at risk of extinction Chalhangala, 

Garagush, Payiz 

Calligonum polygonoides L. Rare, declining and at risk of 

extinction 

Velideg, Kotam-Kilit 

Rheum ribes L. Rare, at risk of extinction Duzdag, Daridag, 

Kolani ,Kuku 

Punica qranatum L. Reducing in numbers Around Kotam, Kilit, 

Nehrem 

Coteneaster saxatilis Pojark Rare, endemic Around Ahura, 

Hemzeli, Havus 

Padus avium Mill. Declining and at risk of extinction, Ahura-Havus, Bijenek, 

rare 

Batabat 

P. racemosa (Lamp.) Gilib. Declining and at risk of extinction, Ahura-Havus, Bijenek, 

rare 

Batabat 

Rosa azerbajdzhanica Novopokr et 

Rzazade 

Rare, endemic Around Kuku 

Rosa karjaginii Sosn. Rare, small population Around Urmis 

Rosa nizami Sosn. Rare, endemic Kuku, Bijenek 

Rosa sosnowskyi Chrshan. Rare, endemic Batabat, Bicenek 

Daphne transcaucasica Pobed. Rare, declining habitat Payiz, Chalhangala, 

Bijenek 

Stelleropsis magakjanii ( Sosn. ) 

Pobed. 

Rare, endemic Around Kuku 

Valeriana alliarifolia Adam. Rare, habitat specific Hurs, Nurgut, Kuku, 

Bayahmed 

April 2004



Appendix 6. 

Endemic plant species recorded in Nakhichevan 

Autonomous Republic 71 

Latin plant names 

130 

Endemism 

Caucasus <strong>Azerbaijan</strong> 

Nakhichevan 

AR 

Also in 

neighbouri 

ng regions 

Allium dictyoprasum C.A.Mey.ex Kunth. + 

A. affine Ledeb.(A.transcaucasium Grossh.) + 

A. pseudoampeloprasum Miscz. ex Grossh. + 

A. leucanthum C. Koch + 

A. mariae Bordz. + + 

A .woronowii Miscz.ex Grossh. + + 

A. leonidii Grossh. + + 

A. kunthianum Vved. + + 

A. syntamanthum C.Koch + + 

A. materculae Bordz. + + 

A. viride Grossh. + + 

Alchimilla sedelmeyeriana Juz. + + 

A. amicta Juz. + + 

A. grossheimii Juz. + 

A. ortotricha Juz. + 

A. epipsila Juz. + 

A. smirnovii Juz. + 

A. venosa Juz. + 

Aethionema diastropis Bunge + 

Anabasis eugeniae Iljin + + 

Asparagus persicus Baker (A.leptophyllus Schischk.) + 

Aconitum nasutum Fisch.ex Reichenb. + 

Atropatenia rostrata (N. Busch.) F. K. Mey. + + 

Arabis carduchorum Boiss.(A. armena N. Busch) + 

Amyqdalus natrica Fed. et Takht. + 

Androsace kozo-poljanskii Ovez.- (A. barbulata Ovez.) + 

A. raddeana Somm.et Levier + 

A. lehmanniana Spranq. + 

Arctium transcaucasium Sosn. + 

Astragulus cancellatus Bunge (A. perrarus Boiss.) + + 

Astragalus szovitsii Fisch. + + 

A. shelkovnikovii Grossh. + + 

A. conspicus Boriss. + + 

A. aznabjurticus Grossh. + + 

A. schachbuzensis Rzazade + + 

A. nachitschevanicus Rzazade + + 

A. euoplus Trautv. + 

A. insidiosus Boriss. + + 

A. badamlensis Chalilov + + 

Astragalus karakuschensis Gontsch. + + 

A. regelii Trautv. + + 

A. gezeldarensis Grossh. + 

A. kochianus Sosn. + 

A. hajastanus Grossh. + 

A. goktschaicus Grossh. + 

A. chalilovii Grossh. et Fed. + + 

A. ordubadensis Grossh. + + 

71 331 species are listed as endemic 

April 2004

131 



A. prilipkoaunus Grossh. + + 

A. achundovii Grossh.ex Fed. + + 

A. erivanensis Bornm.et Woronow + 

A. montis-aqulis Grossh. + + 

A. johannis Rzazade + + 

Astracantha barba-carpinus (AI. Theod., Fed. et Rzazade) 

+ + 

Podlech 

A.vedicus (Takht.) Czer. (Astraqalus vedicus Takht..) Podlech + 

A. jucundus (AI. Theod., Fed. et Rzazade) Podlech + + 

A. gudrathi (AI. Theod., Fed. et Rzazade) Podlech + + 

A. flavirubens (AI. Theod., Fed. et Rzazade) Podlech + 

Alyssum stapffii Vierh.(A. buschianum Grossh.) + + 

Aphanopleura trachysperma Boiss. + 

Bellevalia longistila (Miscz.) Grossh. + + 

B. pycantha (C. Koch) Losinsk + 

B. zygomorpha Woronow. + 

Bromus tzvelevii Musayev et Sadichov + + 

Camelina sativa (L.) Grantz. + 

Carlina acaulis L. + 

Cymatocarrus grossheimii N Busch. + + 

Cirsium tricholoma Fisch. ex C. A. Mey. + + 

C. sinuatum (Trautv.) Boiss. + + 

C. megricum Charadze + 

C. schelkownikowii Petrak. + 

Сarum caucasicum (Bieb.) Boiss. + + 

Crataegus caucasica C. Koch. + + 

C. armena Pojark. + 

C. cynovskisii Kassumova + + 

Colutea komarovii Takht. + + 

Cephalaria nachiczevanica Grossh. + + 

C. armeniaca Bordz. + 

Cephalorrynchus kirpicznikovii Grossh. + + 

Campanula karakuschensis Grossh.(C.minsteriana Grossh) + + 

C. bayerniana Rupr.(C. elegantissima Grossh.) + 

C. daralaghezica (Grossh.) Kolak. et Serdjukova 

(Symphyandra daralaqhezica Grossh.) 

+ + 

C. zangezura (Lipskyi) Kolak et Serdjukova (Symphyandra 

zangezura Lipsky) 

+ + 

C. trautvetteri Grossh. ex Fed. + 

Chamerion transcaucasicum Manden + 

Ch. caucasicum (Willd.) Boiss. + 

Chamaemelum nobile (L.) All. + 

Colchicum szovitsii Fisch. et C. A. Mey. + 

C. zangezurum Grossh. + 

Celtis caucasica + + 

Carduus seminudus Bieb. + 

Cousinia lomkinii C. Winkl. + 

Centaurea fischeri Schlecht + + 

Coteneaster saxatilis Pojark + + 

Crepis karakuschensis Czer. + + 

Draba bruniifolia Stev. + 

D. bryoides DC. + 

D. siliguosa Bieb. + + 

Dianthus raddeanus Vierh. + + 

D. subulosus Freyn et Conrath + 

Delphinium foetidium Lomak. + 

April 2004

132 



D. flexuosum Bieb. + 

D. buschianum Grossh. + 

D. caucasicum C. A. Mey. + 

D. lomakinii Kem.-Nath. + + 

Doronicum macrophyllus Fisch.ex Hornem. + 

D. oblongifolium DC. + 

Dorema glabrum Fisch. et C.A.Mey. + + 

Dracocephalum botryoides Stev. + + 

D. multicaule Montbr. + + 

Echinops orientalis Trautv.(E.arachinus Mulk.) + + 

E. polygamus Bunge (E. grossheimii Iljin) + 

Elytrigia heydemaniae Tzvel. + + 

Eurhrasia georgica Kem.-Nath. + 

E. caucasica Juz.-Qafqaz g. + 

Euphorbia leucographus Bunge + 

E. marschalliana Boiss. 

E. nutans Lag. 

+ + 

E. grossheimii Prokh + + 

Eryngium wanaturi Woronow + 

Erysimum chazarjurti N. Busch. + 

E. lilacinum Steinb. + 

E. leptophyllum (BIeb.) Andrz. (E. feodorovii M. Kassumov) + + 

E. buschii M. Kassumov + + 

E. subulatum J. Gay (E. Iljinii M. Kassumov) + + 

E. crassipes Fisch.et C. A. Mey.(E. transcaspium M. 

+ + 

Kassumov) 

E. wagifii M. Kassumov + + 

E. nachiczevanicum M. Kassumov + + 

Fritillaria caucasica Adams + + 

Fuernrohria setifolia C, Koch. + 

Ferula oopoda (Boiss.et Buhse) Boiss. + + 

Gagea alexeenkoana Miscz. + + 

G. caroli-kochii Grossh. + + 

G. improvisa Grossh. + + 

Galium czerepanovii Pobed. + + 

G. consanguineum Boiss.(G. majmechense Bordz.) + 

G. achurense Grossh. + + 

G. atropatanum Grossh. + + 

G. bulbatum Lipsky + + 

G.hyrcanum C.A.Mey (G.grossheimii Pobed.) + + 

Gypsophila szovitsii Fisch.etC.A.Mey.ex Fenz + + 

G. stevenii Fisch.ex Schrank + 

G. lipsky Schischk. + 

Dianthus caucasicus Smith.(G.discolor Smith.) + 

D. raddeanus Vierh. + 

D. subulosus Freun et Conrath. + 

Hylotelephium caucasicum H. Ohba.(Sedum caucasicum 

+ 

Grossh.) 

Hypericum formosissimum Takht. + + 

H. atropatanum Rzazade + + 

H. helianthomoides (Spach)Boiss. + + 

Haplophyllum villosum (Bieb.)G.Don fil. + + 

H.schelkovnikovii Grossh. + + + 

Hedysarum ibericum Bieb. + + 

H. cericeum Bieb. + + 

H. caucasicum Bieb. + 

Helichrisum araxinum Takht.et Kirp. + + + 

Hieracium cincinnatum Fries. + 

H. perileucum(Schischk. et Zahn.)Juxip + 

H. akinfiewii Woronow et zahn. + 

April 2004

133 



Heracleum pastinacifolium C.Koch. + + 

H. schelkownikovii Woronow + 

Iris spuria subsp.I.musulmanica Fomin + + 

I. paradoxa Stev. + + 

I. iberica Hoffm. + + 

I. prilipkoana Kem.- Nat. + 

I. grossheimii Woronow ex Grossh. + + 

I. limbata Lindl.(I.sulphurea C.Koch.) + 

I. lycotis Woronow + + 

Irydodictyum hyrcanum (Woronow ex Grossh.) Rodionenko + 

Juno schischkini (Grossh.)Czer. + + 

I. caucasica (Hoffm) Klatt. + 

I. pseudocaucasica (Grossh.) + + 

Inula mariae Bordz. + 

Jurinea spectabilis Fisch.etC.A.Mey. + 

Lathyrus rotundifolius Willd. + + 

L. atropatanus (Grossh/.)Sirj.(Orobus atropatanus Grossh.) + + 

Lactuca georgica Grossh. + 

Lotus caucasicus Kuprian.ex Juz + 

Limonium fischeri (Trautv.) Lincz. + + 

Linum subbiflorum Juz. + + 

L. hypericifolium Salisb. + + 

Linaria zangezura Groosh. + 

L. megrica Tzvel.(L.ordubadica Tzvel.) + 

L. schelkownikowii Schischk. + 

Cardaria propingua Fisch.et C.A.Mey.(Lepidium 

+ 

propinguum Fisch.) 

Medicago caucasica Vass. + + 

Melica schischkinii Iljinsk. + + 

Milium transcaucasium Tzvel. + + 

Muscari leicostomum Woronow ex Gzerniak + 

Malabaila sulcata Boiss. + 

Marrubium nanum Knorr. + + 

Melampurum chlorostachyum Beauverd + 

M. caucasicum Bunge. + 

Melilotoides biflora (Griseb.) Czer.(Melissitus biflorus 

+ 

Griseb.) 

Nepeta stricitifolia Pojark.(N.grossheimii Poyark.) + + 

N. zangezura Groosh. + + 

N. mussinii Spreng.(N.transcaucasica Grossh.) + 

N. noraschenica Grossh . + + 

N. trautvetteri Boiss.et Buhse (N.velutina Pojark) + 

N. schischkinii Pojark. + + 

N. betonicifolia C.A.Mey. + + 

N. erivanensis Pojark. + 

Neurotropis armena (N.Busch) Czer.(Thlaspi armena 

N.Busch) 

+ + 

N. szovitsiana (Boiss.)C.A.Mey.(Thlaspi szovitsianum Boiss) + + 

Noccaea tatianae (Bordz.) F.K.Mey.(Thlaspi tatianae 

+ + 

Bordz.) 

Nonnea rosea (Bieb.) Link. + + 

Onobrychis transcaucasica Grossh. + + 

O. hajastana Groosh. + + 

O. heteropylla C.A.Mey. + + 

O. radiata (Desf.)Bieb. + 

O. cyri Grossh + 

Orobanche raddeana G.Besk + + 

Ornithogalum brachystachys C.Koch. + + 

O. schelcovnikovii Groossh + 

O. balansae Boiss.(Schmalhausenii Albov) + + 

O. trancaucasicum Miscz.ex Grossh. + 

Oxytropis karjaginii Grossh. + + 

O. lupinoides Groosh.exFed. + + 

April 2004

Onosma gracilis Trautv + 

Pimpinella aromatica Bieb. + 

Populus canascens (Ait.)Smith (P.hibrida Bieb.) + 

P. sosnovskyi Grossh. + 

P. gracilis Grossh. + 

Pyrus zangezura Maleev + 

P. voronovii Rubtz. + 

P. nutans Rubtz. + 

P. medvedevii Rubtz. + 

P. raddeana Woronow + 

Potentilla lomakinii Lomakini + 

134 



P. conferta Bunge (P.agrimonioides Bieb.) + + 

P. szovitsii Th. Wolf + + 

Pyrethrum ordubadense Manden + + 

P. komarovii Sosn. + + 

P. punctatum (Desr.)Bordz.ex Schischk. + 

Polygala hohenaskeriana Fisch.et C.A.Mey. + + 

Polygonum bellardii All.(P.tiflisensis Kom.) + 

Peducularis crassirostris Bunge. + 

Peltariopsis grossheimii N.Busch. + + 

Ribes biebersteinii Berl.ex DC. + 

Rubus ibericus Juz. + 

Rosa tuschetica Boiss. + 

R. nizami Sosn. + + 

R. sachokiana P.Jarosch. + 

R. karjaginii Sosn. + + 

R. marschalliana Sosn. + 

R. zangezura P.Jarosch + 

R. sosnovskyana Tamamsch. + 

R. kazarjanii Sosn. + 

R. hracziana Tamamsch. + 

R. sosnovskiana Chrshan. + 

R. brotherorum Chrshan. + 

R. pulvurulenta Bieb.(R.azerbajdzhanica Novopokr et 

Rzazade ) 

+ + 

R.buschiana Chrshan. + 

R. orientalis Duront ex Ser (R.vanheurckiana Crep.) + 

Ranunculus grandiflorus L.( R.elegans C.Koch) + 

Rhynchocorys orientalis (L)Benth. + 

Salsola cana C.Koch + 

S. futilis Iljin + + 

S. tomentosa (Mog.) Spach, (S. flavovirens Iljin, S. 

takhtadzijani Iljin) 

+ + 

S. nitraria Pall.(S.macera Litv.) + 

S. tamamschjanae Iljin + + 

S. dzulphensis Grossh. + + 

S. nodulosa (Mog.)Iljin + + 

Salvia pachystachya Trautv. + + 

S. limbata C.A.Mey.(S. prilipkoana Grossh., S. fominii 

Grossh.) 

+ + 

S. suffruticosa Montbr.et Auch,ex Benth.(S. alechandrii 

+ + 

Pobed) 

S. reuteriana Boiss.(S. nachiczeanica Pobed.) + + 

S. andreji Pobed. + + 

Scilla mischtchenkoana Grossh.(S. zangezura Grossh.) + + 

S. sibirica Haw. + 

S. armena Grossh. + 

Scorzonera czerepanovii R.Ram.(S. lanata (L)Hoffm + + 

Scrophularia atropatana Groosh. + + + 

S. nachitschevanica Grossh. + + 

April 2004



S. cinerascens Boiss.(S. grossheimii Schischk.) + 

S. thesoides Boiss.et Buhse. + + 

S. variegata Bieb.-Ala q. + + 

Sedum corymbosum Grossh. + + 

Silene prilipcoana Schischk. + + + 

S. depressa Bieb. + 

S. caucasica (Bunge)Boiss. + 

S. tatjanae Schischk. + 

S. longipetala Vent.(S./chloropetala Rupr.) + 

S. iberica Bierb. + 

Smyrniopsis aucheri Boiss. + + 

Swertia iberica Fisch.et C.A.Mey. + 

Stachys fruticulosa Bieb.(S. grossheimii Kapell.) + + 

S. intlata Benth. + 

S. fomini Sosn. + + 

Symphytum asperum Lepech. + + 

S. caucasicum Bieb. + 

Sameraria glastifolia (Fisch.et C.A, Mey.) Boiss. + + 

Senecio lipsky Lomak. + 

Stenotaenia macrocarpa Freyn et Sinth. + + 

Stipa issaevii Musayev et Sadychov + + 

S. karjaginii Musayev et Sadychov + + 

S. gaubae Bor. (S. nachiczevanica Musayev et Sadychov) + + 

S. olosericea Trin.et Rupr. + 

Salix aegyptiaca L.(Phlomoides Bieb.) + 

Seseli grandivittatum (Somm.et Levier.) Schischk. + 

Scutellaria karjaginii Grossh. + + 

S. rhomboidalis Grossh. + + 

S. darriensis Grossh. + + 

S. sevanensis Sosn.et Grossh. + 

Saxifraqa pontica Albov + 

S. juniperifolia Adams + 

Solidago armena Kem-Nath.ex Grossh. + 

Serratula haussknechtii Boiss. (S. trancaucasica Bornm.) + 

S. serratuloides (Fich. et C.A.Mey.) Takth. + 

Stizolophus balsamita (Lam.) Cass.ex Takht. + 

Thesium szovitsii A.DC. + + 

Thymus migricus Klok.et Shost. + + 

Th. nummularies Bieb. + + 

Th. collinus Bieb. + 

Tragopogon marginatus Boiss. + + 

T. nachitschevanicus (Kunth) N.Pop. + + 

T. sosnowskyi Kuth. + 

Taraxacum desertorum Schischk. + + 

T. prilipkoi Czer. (T.praticola Schischk.) + 

Tomanthea daralaghezica (Fomin) Takht. + 

Trinia leiogona (C.A.Mey.) B.Fedtsch. + + 

Tulira eichleri Regel + 

Trifolium fontanum Bobr. + 

Vicia anatolica Turrill. (V. hajastana Grossh.) + + 

V. ciceroidea Boiss.(V. rafigae Tamamsch) + + 

V. grossheimii Ekvtim + 

Vavilovia formosa (Stev.)Fed. + + 

Verbascum erivanicum E.Wulf + + 

V. georgicum Benth. + 

V. paniculatum E.Wulf + + 

Zeravschanica pauciradiata (Tamamsch.) M.Pimen + + 

Zizirhora denticulate Juz. + 

135 

April 2004

136 



Appendix 7. 

Rare animal species recorded in Nakhichevan 

Autonomous Republic 

Latin name of species Status in Nackchivan Localation 

Aquila nipalensis Temm, 1828 Rare, small population, declining Nachichevan suburbs 

Aquila heliaca Savigny, 1809 Rare, declining Serur, Ordubad 

Aquila chrysaetos L., 1758 Rare Shahbuz, Ordubad 

Ancylocheria salomoni Thomson, 1878 Declining Around Shahbuz 

Anthocharis gruneri Chr., 1870 Rare, Transcaucasian endemic Around Serur and Ordubad 

Axiopoena maura Eichw., 1832 Disappearing specie Around Ordubad 

Bombus (Mg) portschinsky Rad., 1883 Transcaucasian endemic Around Ordubad 

Bombus daghestanicus Rad., 1877 Caucasus endemic Shahbuz mountain, Kukudag, 

Kechaldag 

Bombus (Th.) mlokosievitzii Rad., 1877 Transcaucasian endemic Serur, Julfa, Ordubad mountains 

Bombus persicus Rad., 1884 Rare transcaucasian endemic Serur, Julfa, Ordubad mountains 

Colias thisoa Men., 1832 Rare Serur, Gelingaya 

Colias aurorina H.S., 1850 Rare Serur, Shahbuz, Ordubad mountains 

Colias chlorosoma Chr., 1888 Transcaucasian endemic Serur mountains 

Carabus scabrosus caucasicus Adams, 1817 Transcaucasian endemic Shahbuz mountains 

Calosoma sycophanta L., 1758 Rare Serur mountains 

Circaetus gallicus Gmel., 1788 Rare, declining Serur, Julfa 

Capra aegagrus Erxleben, 1777 Rare, declining habitat Ilanlidag, Nehremdag, Zengezur 

Chlamydotis undulata Jacuin, 1784 Rare, rapidly declining River-bed and plains of Araz 

Chettusia gregaria Rall., 1771 Rare, declining Araz river-bed, Serur, Julfa 

Felis silvestris Schreber, 1775 Declining, rare Araz river-bed 

Haliaeetus albicilla L. 1758 Rare, Nachichevan suburbs 

Hyaena hyaena (Linneus, 1758) Rare, threatened with extinction Araz river-bed 

Irania gutturals Guerin., 1843 Restricted ed habitat, rare Araz river-bed, 

Lynx lynx (Linnaeus, 1758) Small population Ordubad, Shahbuz, Zengezur 

Miniopterus schreibersi (Kühl, 1819) Restricted habitat, declining Kilit 

Mallosia skovitzi Fald., 1837 Transcaucasian endemic Around Ordubad 

Manduca atropos L., 1758 Declining Lower and middle mountain ranges 

Mabuya aurata Linneus, 1758 Rare Around Ordubad, Kotam, Kilit 

Ovis orientalis Gmelin, 1774 Declining, small population Zengezur, Daralayaz, Ilanlidag 

Parnassius apollo L., 1758 Declining, rare Around Serur 

Papilio alexanor orientalis Rom., 1884 Rare, declining Araz river-bed – Ordubad 

Panthera pardus (Linnaeus, 1758) Rare, declining Zengezur, top of Daralayaz 

mountain 

Pterocles orientalis L., 1758 Rare, rapid decling Up to mid-mountain zone 

Phodopechys gitadineus Licht, 1758 Restricted habitat, rare Julfa region, Daridag 

Phrynocephalus helioscopus Engelmann et al, Declining population, restricted Uzunoba, around Ordubad 

1993 

habitat 

Pelobates syriacus Boettger, 1889 Rare, declining, endemic Within the Arazsu reservoir 

Rethera komarovi Chr., 1885 Rare Nahchivan regions, mountains 

Rosalia alpina L., 1758 Declining, relic species , Serur, Shahbuz mountains 

Rhinolophus euryale Blasius, 1853 Restricted habitat, rare Near Ordubad 

Rhynchocalamus melanocephalus Engelmann Restricted habitat, rare Around Ordubad, Kotam, Kilit 

et al, 1993 

Salmo trutta fario Linneus, 1758 Rare, declining population Goy Gol, Sakkarsu, Ayrichay* 

Thaleropis jonia Fisch., 1851 Declining Serur, Ordubad 

Tomares romanovi Chr., 1882 Transcaucasian sub-endemic Serur, Shahbuz, Julfa, Ordubad 

Testudo graeca iberica Pallas, 1814 Small population, declining Mountains ranges 

habitat 

Tetraogallus caspicus Gmel., 1784 Declining Shahbuz, Ordubad, Culfa mountains 

Vormela peregusna (Güldenstaeedt, 1770) Rare Araz plain 

Vipera raddei raddei Boettger, 1890 Restricted habitat, endemic Ordubad, Kotam, Kilit, Nushnush 

mountain 

Zegris menestho Men., 1832 Transcaucasian endemic Around Serur and Ordubad 

Zygaena tamara Chr., 1889 Declining, Transcaucasian 

endemic 

Serur, Julfa, Ordubad mountains 

April 2004

Azerbaijan - Convention on Biological Diversity

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