A Nomenclatural Study of Armillaria and Armillariella species
A Nomenclatural Study of Armillaria and Armillariella species
A Nomenclatural Study of Armillaria and Armillariella species
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A <strong>Nomenclatural</strong> <strong>Study</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> <strong>species</strong><br />
(Basidiomycotina, Tricholomataceae)<br />
by<br />
Thomas J. Volk & Harold H. Burdsall, Jr.<br />
Synopsis Fungorum 8<br />
Fungiflora - Oslo - Norway
A <strong>Nomenclatural</strong> <strong>Study</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> <strong>species</strong><br />
(Basidiomycotina, Tricholomataceae)<br />
by<br />
Thomas J. Volk & Harold H. Burdsall, Jr.
Printed in Eko-trykk A/S, Førde, Norway<br />
Printing date: 1. August 1995<br />
ISBN 82-90724-14-4<br />
ISSN 0802-4966
A <strong>Nomenclatural</strong> <strong>Study</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> <strong>species</strong><br />
(Basidiomycotina, Tricholomataceae)<br />
by<br />
Thomas J. Volk & Harold H. Burdsall, Jr.<br />
Synopsis Fungorum 8<br />
Fungiflora - Oslo - Norway
6<br />
Authors address:<br />
Center for Forest Mycology Research<br />
Forest Products Laboratory<br />
United States Department <strong>of</strong> Agriculture<br />
Forest Service<br />
One Gifford Pinchot Dr.<br />
Madison, WI 53705 USA<br />
ABSTRACT<br />
Once a taxonomic refugium for nearly any white-spored agaric with an annulus <strong>and</strong><br />
attached gills, the concept <strong>of</strong> the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong> has been clarified with the<br />
neotypification <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) Kummer <strong>and</strong> its acceptance as type<br />
<strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> (Fr.:Fr.) Staude. Due to recognition <strong>of</strong> different type <strong>species</strong> over<br />
the years <strong>and</strong> an extremely variable generic concept, at least 274 <strong>species</strong> <strong>and</strong> varieties<br />
have been placed in <strong>Armillaria</strong> (or in <strong>Armillariella</strong> Karst., its obligate synonym). Only<br />
about forty <strong>species</strong> belong in the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong> sensu stricto, while the rest can be<br />
placed in forty-three other modem genera.<br />
This study is based on original descriptions in the literature, as well as studies <strong>of</strong> type<br />
specimens <strong>and</strong> generic <strong>and</strong> <strong>species</strong> concepts by other authors. This publication consists<br />
<strong>of</strong> an alphabetical listing <strong>of</strong> all epithets used in <strong>Armillaria</strong> or <strong>Armillariella</strong>, with their<br />
basionyms, currently accepted names, <strong>and</strong> other obligate <strong>and</strong> facultative synonyms. We<br />
propose the new combinations:<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> affinis (Singer) Volk & Burdsall<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> cumerunensis (Henn.) Volk & Burdsall<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> tigrensis (Singer) Volk & Burdsall<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> viridiflava (Singer) Volk & Burdsall<br />
Amanita subcaligata (A.H. Smith & P.M. Rea) A.H. Smith ex Tulloss in Volk &<br />
Burds.<br />
<strong>Nomenclatural</strong> problems with Tricholoma subannulatum (Batsch) Ricken (1914) vs.<br />
Tricholoma subannulatum (Peck) Zeller (1922) are also discussed.<br />
Key Words: <strong>Armillaria</strong>, <strong>Armillariella</strong>, nomenclature, Tricholomataceae<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
CONTENTS<br />
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8<br />
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16<br />
Literature cited . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20<br />
Alphabetical listing <strong>of</strong> epithets in <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
Amillariella <strong>and</strong> their current dispositions . . . . . . . . . . .24<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
7
8<br />
The delimitation, application <strong>and</strong> typification <strong>of</strong> the "genus" <strong>Armillaria</strong> has<br />
been controversial for more than 170 years. Fries (1819) introduced the name as<br />
Agarcus tribus <strong>Armillaria</strong>, <strong>and</strong> later treated it in the Systema Mycologicum<br />
(Fries, 1821). In subsequent publications, Fries was uncertain as to which <strong>species</strong><br />
to include, or even whether to consider <strong>Armillaria</strong> as a tribe. In 1825, Fries<br />
ab<strong>and</strong>oned the tribe <strong>Armillaria</strong>, placing most <strong>of</strong> the <strong>species</strong> in the tribe Lepiota <strong>of</strong><br />
Agaricus. In 1838, Fries again recognized the tribe <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>of</strong> Agaricus,<br />
including 24 <strong>species</strong>. However, in 1854 <strong>and</strong> 1857 Fries again ab<strong>and</strong>oned tribe<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>and</strong> distributed the <strong>species</strong> in tribes Tricholoma <strong>and</strong> Clitocybe <strong>and</strong><br />
stated that "[...if the subgenera <strong>of</strong> Agaricus were to be recognized as distinct<br />
genera, <strong>Armillaria</strong> would be totally dissolved <strong>and</strong> distributed among other<br />
genera.] " (translation TJV). Nevertheless, in 1874 Fries again recognized the<br />
tribe <strong>Armillaria</strong>, including 30 <strong>species</strong>, even after several authors had accepted<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> as a distinct genus. Singer (1949) stated that "This genus <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
was one <strong>of</strong> the most notoriously artificial genera <strong>of</strong> the Agaricales in the older<br />
classification."<br />
Generic typification<br />
For many years modem authors assumed that Quélet (1872) was the first to<br />
assign generic rank to <strong>Armillaria</strong>; for example, it was listed as "<strong>Armillaria</strong> (Fr.)<br />
Quél. " in Singer’s first edition <strong>of</strong> "Agaricales in Modem Taxonomy" (Singer,<br />
1949). However two earlier authors had accepted <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>of</strong> Fries at the<br />
generic level, namely Staude (1857) <strong>and</strong> Kummer (1871). In the second (<strong>and</strong><br />
subsequent) editions <strong>of</strong> "Agaricales in Modem Taxonomy," Singer (1962)<br />
accepted "<strong>Armillaria</strong> Kummer" as correct, but Donk (1962) argued for<br />
"<strong>Armillaria</strong> (Fr.) Staude. " The fact that Staude (1857) did not actually transfer<br />
any <strong>species</strong> epithets to <strong>Armillaria</strong> or make any combinations in <strong>Armillaria</strong> has<br />
been used as a reason to reject the validity <strong>of</strong> the 1857 status <strong>of</strong> the generic name<br />
(Singer 1962, 1986). <strong>Nomenclatural</strong> problems <strong>and</strong> confusion have arisen out <strong>of</strong><br />
the variously accepted validations <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> at the generic level <strong>and</strong> the interrelated<br />
typifications <strong>of</strong> the names. For details on the nomenclatural arguments<br />
about the genus we refer to Donk (1962), Singer (1962, 1986), Herink (1973),<br />
<strong>and</strong> Watling, Kile <strong>and</strong> Gregory (1982). We accept the arguments forwarded by<br />
Walting et al. (1982) that <strong>Armillaria</strong> (Fr.:Fr.) Staude is valid <strong>and</strong> that <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
mellea (VahhFr.) Kummer [ = Agaricus melleus Vahl ] is the type <strong>species</strong> for<br />
the genus.<br />
The genus <strong>Armillariella</strong> (Karst.) Karst. (Karsten 1881) was used for these<br />
fungi for many years by a significant number <strong>of</strong> authors. Karsten (1879) probably<br />
did not know <strong>of</strong> Staude’s (1857) or Quélet’s (1872) publications when he made<br />
several new combinations in "<strong>Armillaria</strong> Fr. " <strong>and</strong> also erected the subgenus<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
<strong>Armillariella</strong>. Later, Karsten (1881) raised <strong>Armillariella</strong> to generic rank <strong>and</strong><br />
transferred several <strong>species</strong> there, with the type <strong>species</strong> presumably being<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) Karsten. The genus <strong>Armillariella</strong> gained wide<br />
acceptance in Europe (Patouillard, 1887; Kühner <strong>and</strong> Romagnesi, 1953, <strong>and</strong><br />
others) <strong>and</strong> to some extent in the Americas (e.g. Singer 1949, 1962, 1986;<br />
Pomerleau 1980; Baroni 1981). With the almost universal acceptance <strong>of</strong> Aguricus<br />
melleus Vahl as the type <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> among agaricologists <strong>and</strong><br />
pathologists (Watling et al. 1982), <strong>Armillariella</strong> Karsten has become an obligate<br />
synonym (typonym, nomenclatural synonym) <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> (Fr.:Fr.) Staude,<br />
because both are based on the same type <strong>species</strong> (Greuter 1988: International<br />
Code <strong>of</strong> Botanical Nomenclature [ICBN] Art. 14.4). During the height <strong>of</strong><br />
acceptance <strong>of</strong> the genus <strong>Armillariella</strong>, Herink (1973) had already recognized the<br />
problems with using <strong>Armillariella</strong> for these fungi <strong>and</strong> made many new<br />
combinations in the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong>. Another typonym <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> is<br />
Polymyce Earle (1909). Rhizomorpha Roth (1791), based on vegetative<br />
rhizomorphs <strong>of</strong> these fungi is apparently a name for the anamorph <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
(Dank 1962), although it is not possible at this time to correlate <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
Rhizomopha with particular <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>. Although Rhizomorpha is<br />
apparently an older name for the anamorph <strong>of</strong> the genus, it may not be used for<br />
the teleomorph (ICBN Art. 59.1).<br />
Singer (1962, 1986) rejected the validity <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> (Fr.:Fr.) Staude <strong>and</strong><br />
accepted <strong>Armillaria</strong> Kummer (1871), contending that Kummer intended to erect a<br />
new genus. However, as Donk (1962) <strong>and</strong> Watling et al. (1982) have stated, a<br />
careful reading <strong>of</strong> Kummer’s introductory material indicates that he intended to<br />
"...[ follow Fries as much as possible]" (translation Donk 1962). <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
Kummer, as recognized by Singer (with type <strong>species</strong> Agaricus luteovirens Alb. &<br />
Schw.:Fr.), consisted <strong>of</strong> a genus <strong>of</strong> mycorrhizal <strong>species</strong> with amyloid spores <strong>and</strong><br />
a divergent lamellar trama. Accepting <strong>Armillaria</strong> (Fr.:Fr.) Staude left the taxon<br />
recognized by Singer nameless until Pouzar (1957) erected the genus Floccularia<br />
to accommodate Agaricus luteovirens Alb. & Schw.:Fr., as pointed out by<br />
Redhead (1987) <strong>and</strong> Bon (1990). It should be noted here that the <strong>Armillaria</strong> vs.<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> controversy involved only what the names <strong>of</strong> the genera should be<br />
<strong>and</strong> not the circumscription <strong>of</strong> the generic concepts.<br />
Thus the modem concept <strong>of</strong> the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong> (Fr.:Fr.) Staude includes<br />
tricholomatoid Basidiomycotina with basidiomata usually emerging from black<br />
rhizmorphs, with adnate to decurrent gills bearing basidia with pale, nonamyloid,<br />
non-dextrinoid basidiospores. The nutritional status is saprophytic to<br />
parasitic (wood decay or root rot fungi) <strong>and</strong> generally not mycorrhizal. The<br />
genus is placed by most authors in the Tricholomataceae Roze (1876) although<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
9
10<br />
Roze himself included <strong>Armillaria</strong> in the <strong>Armillaria</strong>ceae Roze (1876), as accepted<br />
by Jülich (1981), who also included Tricholomopsis Singer.<br />
Historic variability in the generic concept <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
Several authors have made combinations in <strong>Armillaria</strong>. Not knowing <strong>of</strong><br />
Kummer’s (1871) work, Quélet (1872) made the combination <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea<br />
(Vahl:Fr.) Quél., <strong>and</strong> the <strong>species</strong> was cited this way for many years until<br />
Kummer’s earlier paper was rediscovered. Gillet (1874) also made many new<br />
combinations <strong>and</strong> proposed several new <strong>species</strong> in <strong>Armillaria</strong>, but his work was<br />
largely ignored <strong>and</strong> apparently unavailable to many researchers for many years.<br />
There are no extant Gillet type specimens, so his new <strong>species</strong> are best considered<br />
nomina ambigua (Marxmüller, 1992). Saccardo (1887, 1891, 1895) accepted into<br />
the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong> most <strong>species</strong> that Fries placed in tribe <strong>Armillaria</strong> at various<br />
times, transcribing Fries’ descriptions, usually verbatim, into his Sylloge<br />
Fungorum.<br />
Before the acceptance <strong>of</strong> nutritional status as a character for consideration in<br />
delimiting genera <strong>of</strong> the Agaricales, the major distinction between <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
Tricholoma, for many authors, was the presence <strong>of</strong> an annulus in <strong>Armillaria</strong>.<br />
However, Quélet (1872) did not consider the annuls to be an important character<br />
at the generic level <strong>and</strong> moved several <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> into the genus<br />
Tricholoma. Ricken (1914, 1915) also moved many <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong> to<br />
Tricholoma. Ricken contended that <strong>Armillaria</strong> had no good grounds for existence<br />
<strong>and</strong> distributed the <strong>species</strong> among other genera. Notably, he removed the presentday<br />
type <strong>species</strong>, making the combination "Clitocybe mellea (Fr.) Ricken."<br />
Lange (1915) also discarded <strong>Armillaria</strong> as a genus, distributing the <strong>species</strong> among<br />
other genera, moving the type <strong>species</strong> to " Lepiota mellea (Fr.) Lange." Lange<br />
(1935) later accepted <strong>Armillaria</strong> as a genus.<br />
In North America, Peck (1874, 1878, 1892, 1893, 1897, 1900, 1909)<br />
described a large number <strong>of</strong> <strong>species</strong> <strong>and</strong> varieties in <strong>Armillaria</strong> from the eastern<br />
United States. Murrill (1914) listed 14 <strong>species</strong> in <strong>Armillaria</strong> in North America,<br />
including only three <strong>of</strong> Peck’s <strong>species</strong>. Kauffman (1918) included 6 <strong>species</strong> in the<br />
Agaricaceae <strong>of</strong> Michigan, but stated that there were "twelve additional <strong>species</strong><br />
possible in the eastern United States. " In his monograph <strong>of</strong> the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
in the United States, Kauffman (1923) included thirty <strong>species</strong> in his key, plus ten<br />
as extralimital. Murrill (1912, 1914, 1943, 1944, 1945) described many new<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong> from Florida, none <strong>of</strong> which belong in <strong>Armillaria</strong> as presently<br />
conceived. Many <strong>of</strong> these belong in the genera Limacella, Ripartitella, <strong>and</strong><br />
Tricholoma.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
Emel’s concept <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
Emel’s (1921) thesis on <strong>Armillaria</strong> poses some interesting nomenclatural<br />
problems. Although this was a thesis, the names contained in it are validly<br />
published (ICBN Art. 29.1), because the thesis was "<strong>of</strong>fered in exchange," at<br />
least to Harvard University (FH), where it was received March 1922, according<br />
to the stamp on the overleaf <strong>of</strong> the thesis. To ensure its availability, photocopies<br />
<strong>of</strong> Emel’s entire thesis have been sent to DAOM (Ottawa, Ontario), NY (New<br />
York Botanical Garden) BPI (National Fungus Collection, Beltsville MD) <strong>and</strong><br />
WTI (University <strong>of</strong> Washington Botany Dept.). We know <strong>of</strong> no other copies, but<br />
assume there is a copy at Université de Strasbourg in France, where Emel earned<br />
his degree.<br />
Emel promoted the idea that the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong> was artificial <strong>and</strong> should<br />
be ab<strong>and</strong>oned, that it consisted <strong>of</strong> <strong>species</strong> better placed in Tricholoma, Collybia,<br />
Clitocybe, <strong>and</strong> Pleurotus. He even went so far as to erect or accept four sections,<br />
one in each <strong>of</strong> these genera, for the anuulate <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong>. But nowhere<br />
does he say <strong>Armillaria</strong> is rejected. In fact, he described a new <strong>species</strong>,<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> gilvidula Emel. His key, although qualified, is a key to the genus<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong>, <strong>and</strong> all the <strong>species</strong> are named in the key as <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>.<br />
The final section <strong>of</strong> his thesis could be interpreted as moving the <strong>species</strong> into<br />
other genera. This section could also be interpreted as "alternative classification,"<br />
allowed before 1953 (ICBN Art. 34.2), as was the case in some <strong>of</strong> Murrill’s<br />
publications (e.g. Murrill 1913, 1914). However, a strict translation <strong>and</strong><br />
interpretation <strong>of</strong> the French (S. Redhead, Y. Dalpé, <strong>and</strong> M. Lefebvre, DAOM,<br />
Pers. Comm.) reveals that Emel apparently lacked the conviction to actually do<br />
away with the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>and</strong> thought the <strong>species</strong> "[. . . should be placed at<br />
some future time]" (" a ranger dans" ; future tense) into these other genera, <strong>and</strong><br />
did not actually intend to place them in these other genera. Therefore these<br />
names are not validly published, since ICBN Art. 34.1 says, "A name is not<br />
validly published (a) when it is not accepted by the author in the original<br />
publication;. . . . " Furthermore, Art. 34.1 (b) states, "A name is not validly<br />
published....(b) when it is merely proposed in anticipation <strong>of</strong> the future<br />
acceptance <strong>of</strong> the group concerned, or <strong>of</strong> a particular circumscription, position,<br />
or rank <strong>of</strong> the group...." The names in these other genera should be considered<br />
provisional combinations <strong>and</strong> are not validly published. In the following<br />
nomenclatural treatment, these invalidly published combinations are listed under<br />
the appropriate epithet <strong>and</strong> are labeled as invalid. Fortunately for nomenclatural<br />
purposes, none <strong>of</strong> the combinations that might be interpreted as new (if<br />
"alternative classification" were to be accepted) creates nomenclatural problems<br />
<strong>of</strong> which we are aware, since none <strong>of</strong> these generic placements are currently accepted.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
11
12<br />
Another consequence <strong>of</strong> Emel’s apparent acceptance <strong>of</strong> the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
is that Emel’s combinations in <strong>Armillaria</strong> [ e.g. <strong>Armillaria</strong> tabescens (Swp.)<br />
Emel, <strong>Armillaria</strong> ectypa (Fr.) Emel, <strong>Armillaria</strong> gymnopodia (Bull.) Emel, <strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> deroda (Schulz.) Emel ] are valid, although A. gymnopodia is now<br />
considered a synonym <strong>of</strong> A. tabescens, <strong>and</strong> A. derodus is probably a Pleurotus<br />
<strong>species</strong>.<br />
Other concepts <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
Several authors have moved large numbers <strong>of</strong> <strong>species</strong> into the genus<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong>, based on various interpretations <strong>of</strong> the limits <strong>of</strong> the genus. Kauffman<br />
(1923) moved many <strong>species</strong> now considered to be in the genus Cystoderma to<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> because <strong>of</strong> their superficial resemblance to members <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
mellea complex. Singer (1949) moved several Hygrophorus <strong>species</strong> to<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong>, but Healer <strong>and</strong> Smith (1963) remarked that all <strong>of</strong> these <strong>species</strong><br />
belong in Hygrophorus as they accepted it in their monograph <strong>of</strong> that genus.<br />
Locquin (1952), who considered the amyloid-spored <strong>Armillaria</strong> luteovirens as the<br />
type <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong>, moved many Lepidella <strong>species</strong> to <strong>Armillaria</strong>; Bas (1969), in<br />
his monograph <strong>of</strong> Amanita section Lepidella, accepted a broader concept <strong>of</strong><br />
Amanita to include Lepidella, which we accept here.<br />
The <strong>species</strong> that have at one time been placed in <strong>Armillaria</strong> or <strong>Armillariella</strong><br />
now belong in a total <strong>of</strong> forty-four genera (Table 1). In addition to the<br />
Tricholoma <strong>and</strong> Floccularia <strong>species</strong> included in <strong>Armillaria</strong> until relatively<br />
recently, it is interesting to note that some <strong>of</strong> these (Agrocybe, Inocybe,<br />
Gymnopilus, Flammulaster, Stropharia <strong>and</strong> Psathyrella) are genera characterized<br />
by brown basidiospores.<br />
The Biological Species Concept in <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
At the same time that the changes in the circumscription <strong>of</strong> the genus<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> resulted in the expulsion <strong>of</strong> many <strong>species</strong> from the genus, the<br />
morphologically <strong>and</strong> ecologically diverse <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea was being split up<br />
into several <strong>species</strong> based on incompatibility (mating) reactions <strong>and</strong> capabilities.<br />
This has led to the widespread acceptance <strong>of</strong> the Biological Species concept in<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong>.<br />
Until the late 1970’s <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) Kummer was considered<br />
by most researchers to be a pleiomorphic <strong>species</strong> with a wide host range <strong>and</strong><br />
distribution. The pathology literature on A. mellea was extremely confusing. The<br />
fungus was considered by different researchers to be either a virulent pathogen or<br />
an opportunistic pathogen, <strong>and</strong> its host range was one <strong>of</strong> the broadest known for<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
fungi (Raabe, 1962; Farr et al., 1989). Velenovský (1920, 1927, 1939, 1947)<br />
recognized these differences <strong>and</strong> described several new <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
from Central Europe, long before a biological <strong>species</strong> concept was accepted.<br />
Herink (1973) recognized most <strong>of</strong> Velenovský’s <strong>species</strong> <strong>and</strong> also made many new<br />
combinations in <strong>Armillaria</strong> based on geographically <strong>and</strong> morphologically distinct<br />
<strong>species</strong> described by other authors. Some <strong>of</strong> Velenovský’s names have been<br />
linked with present-day biological <strong>species</strong> (Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds, 1987;<br />
Marxmüller 1992). Velenovský’s <strong>Armillaria</strong> type specimens are extant <strong>and</strong> have<br />
been studied by Antonín (1986,1990).<br />
Because <strong>of</strong> the difficulty with studying the basidiomata using traditional<br />
characters, other methods <strong>of</strong> study were employed. Hintikka (1973) developed a<br />
technique that allowed determination <strong>of</strong> mating (incompatibility) types in<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> based on culture morphology <strong>of</strong> single spored (haploid) pairings.<br />
Using a modification <strong>of</strong> this method, Korhonen (1978) distinguished five<br />
European Biological Species (EBS). Anderson <strong>and</strong> Ullrich (1979) demonstrated<br />
that what had been considered as <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea in North America was<br />
actually 10 genetically isolated biological <strong>species</strong> (North American Biological<br />
Species or NABS). To distinguish these from EBS A through E, they were<br />
designated with Roman numerals (I through X). Anderson, Korhonen, <strong>and</strong><br />
Ullrich (1980) demonstrated the genetic compatibility <strong>of</strong> four EBS with certain<br />
NABS. Only <strong>Armillaria</strong> borealis Marxmüller & Korhonen (EBS A) was found to<br />
be genetically isolated from (i.e. incompatible with) all the NABS, while a<br />
number <strong>of</strong> NABS were unique to North America. Anderson (1986) determined<br />
that two <strong>of</strong> the NABS delimited in 1979 were superfluous. However, by this<br />
time another, apparently rare, biological <strong>species</strong>, NABS XI had been recognized<br />
by Morrison et al. (1985). In a search for names for these biological <strong>species</strong>,<br />
Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds (1987) have studied the literature <strong>and</strong> many <strong>of</strong> the<br />
type specimens or paintings <strong>of</strong> <strong>species</strong> that have been considered part <strong>of</strong> the<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea complex from Europe. In other words, they studied specimens<br />
<strong>and</strong> names that researchers have listed over the years as being synonymous with<br />
Amillaria mellea sensu lato. Their conclusion was that most <strong>of</strong> the older names<br />
could not be applied to modem-day biological <strong>species</strong> with certainty, especially in<br />
those cases where there was no extant type specimen.<br />
All <strong>of</strong> the EBS <strong>and</strong> most <strong>of</strong> the NABS have now been given names [Table 2.<br />
See also Bérubé <strong>and</strong> Dessureault (1988, 1989)]. NABS IX is in the process <strong>of</strong><br />
being named (Volk <strong>and</strong> Burdsall, in preparation) <strong>and</strong> NABS X <strong>and</strong> XI have yet to<br />
be described. In addition, there are a number <strong>of</strong> enigmatic collections <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> (with cultures) from North America that cannot be placed in any <strong>of</strong><br />
the known biological <strong>species</strong>. Thus it is possible, if not likely, that there are<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
13
14<br />
additional unnamed <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> in North America <strong>and</strong> on other<br />
continents.<br />
Even before the advent <strong>of</strong> the biological <strong>species</strong> concept in Europe <strong>and</strong><br />
North America, workers had described what we now know to be true <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
<strong>species</strong> from other continents; Spegazzini (1889, 1899) <strong>and</strong> Rick (1906, 1907,<br />
1920, 1937, 1961) described several new <strong>species</strong> or varieties <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> from<br />
South America, <strong>and</strong> Singer (1956, 1969, 1970, 1989) described several <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> from South <strong>and</strong> Central America. Berkeley <strong>and</strong> Curtis (1869)<br />
described several new <strong>species</strong> from Cuba. Hennings (1895), Patouillard (1895),<br />
Petch (1909) <strong>and</strong> Beeli (1927) described <strong>species</strong> or varieties from Africa.<br />
Berkeley described a large number <strong>of</strong> <strong>species</strong> from the Indian subcontinent (1850)<br />
<strong>and</strong> Ceylon (1847), which were later treated by Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling (1982).<br />
The <strong>species</strong> we presently accept in the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong> (Fr.:Fr.) Staude as<br />
circumscribed by Watling et al. (1982) are found in Table 2. Some <strong>of</strong> these<br />
<strong>species</strong> (Kile & Watling 1983, 1988; Cha et al., 1994), have been tested against<br />
EBS or NABS have been found to be distinct biological <strong>species</strong>. In this work we<br />
maintain in <strong>Armillaria</strong> those <strong>species</strong> that have not been tested against known<br />
biological <strong>species</strong> until conclusive testing can be accomplished. It is possible that<br />
some <strong>of</strong> these names will be reduced to synonymy once this testing is done.<br />
Objectives <strong>and</strong> Methods <strong>of</strong> this work<br />
The purpose <strong>of</strong> this work was to bring together all <strong>of</strong> the nomenclatural<br />
literature on past <strong>and</strong> present members <strong>of</strong> the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong> as a prelude to a<br />
formal monograph <strong>of</strong> the genus. Since this is a nomenclatural study, we have<br />
relied on the reading <strong>of</strong> original descriptions, as well as subsequent studies <strong>of</strong><br />
types <strong>and</strong> concepts by other authors to determine the correct placement <strong>of</strong> the<br />
taxa. We have seen all publications listed herein, except where noted.<br />
The format <strong>of</strong> this publication is as follows: each epithet that has been used<br />
in combination with <strong>Armillaria</strong> or <strong>Armillariella</strong> or as a variety <strong>of</strong> an <strong>Armillaria</strong> or<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> <strong>species</strong> is treated separately, with its combination in <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
listed first. If no combination was made in <strong>Armillaria</strong> then the <strong>Armillariella</strong><br />
combination is listed first. Epithets are listed in alphabetical order; if an epithet<br />
has been used by a different author with a different basionym, the epithet is listed<br />
more than once <strong>and</strong> separate paragraphs are devoted to each name. The<br />
basionym is listed next; if the basionym is the same as the <strong>Armillaria</strong> or<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> name in the first line under the epithet, the basionym is not<br />
repeated. This is followed by the accepted name. If it is not clear from the<br />
literature what the accepted name should be this line is left blank. Known<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
synonyms then follow; obligate synonyms are preceded by " h " (equivalent sign)<br />
<strong>and</strong> facultative synonyms are preceded by " = " (equal sign). Later authors who<br />
accepted a particular placement <strong>of</strong> a <strong>species</strong> are listed in the same paragraph,<br />
preceded by fide, "according to," <strong>and</strong> the reference (e.g., = Floccularia<br />
luteovirens (Alb. & Schw.:Fr.) Pouz., Pouzar 1957, C -<br />
eská Mykol. 11:49; fide<br />
Singer 1962, Agaricales in Modem Taxonomy p.304). If the accepted name<br />
cannot be determined (e.g. if the name has fallen into disuse or if the concept <strong>of</strong><br />
the <strong>species</strong> is unclear or controversial) a short explanation follows. Each name is<br />
followed by a complete reference to its place <strong>of</strong> publication. These references are<br />
not repeated in the "Literature Cited" section, which includes only those<br />
publications cited in this introduction. Each taxon or epithet mentioned in this<br />
work that was never combined in <strong>Armillaria</strong>, but is a synonym <strong>of</strong> an Amillaria<br />
or <strong>Armillariella</strong> <strong>species</strong>, is listed by epithet, followed by the <strong>Armillaria</strong> or<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> specific epithet under which it may be found in this publication.<br />
Abbreviations <strong>of</strong> authorities follow Kirk <strong>and</strong> Ansell (1992). Abbreviations <strong>of</strong><br />
herbaria are as in Holmgren et al. (1990). The International Code <strong>of</strong> Botanical<br />
Nomenclature (Greuter, 1988) is abbreviated ICBN, while IF represents the<br />
Index <strong>of</strong> Fungi <strong>and</strong> IFP represents the Index <strong>of</strong> Fungi, Petrak’s Lists (both from<br />
CAB International). IUFRO represents the Proceedings <strong>of</strong> Conferences on Root<br />
<strong>and</strong> Butt Rot, sponsored by the International Union <strong>of</strong> Forestry Research<br />
Organizations. EBS st<strong>and</strong>s for European Biological Species (Korhonen, 1978;<br />
Anderson, Korhonen, & Ullrich, 1980) <strong>and</strong> NABS st<strong>and</strong>s for North American<br />
Biological Species (Anderson & Ullrich, 1979; Anderson, Korhonen, & Ullrich,<br />
1980; Anderson, 1986; Morrison, Chu, & Johnson, 1985; Watling, Kile &<br />
Burdsall, 1991).<br />
We hope that this publication will serve to clarify the concept <strong>of</strong> Amillaria<br />
<strong>and</strong> its <strong>species</strong> <strong>and</strong> serve as a model for nomenclatural studies <strong>of</strong> other genera.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
15
16<br />
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS:<br />
We are especially grateful to Scott A. Redhead (DAOM, Ottawa, Canada)<br />
for help with some <strong>of</strong> the more difficult taxonomic placements <strong>and</strong> extensive<br />
comments on the manuscript. We thank David F. Farr, David M. Rizzo, <strong>and</strong><br />
Cindy R. Bergman for review <strong>of</strong> all or parts <strong>of</strong> the manuscript. We thank Kristen<br />
M. Shanks, Roy Watling, Rod Tulloss, Partha Bannerjee, James F. Kimbrough,<br />
Dennis Desjardin, Donald Pfister, Vladimír Antonín, Walter J. Sundberg, <strong>and</strong><br />
Clark Ovrebo for information on placement <strong>of</strong> specific taxa; Yol<strong>and</strong>e Dalpé,<br />
Louise Lefebvre, Scott Redhead, Diane Derouen, Carol Clausen <strong>and</strong> Hisashi<br />
Saito for help with translations; <strong>and</strong> Scott Redhead, Rita Rentmeester, Jean<br />
Cargill, Judy Roger, Roz Lowen, <strong>and</strong> Amy Y. Rossman for helping to fmd some<br />
<strong>of</strong> the more difficult references.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
Table 1. Current genera <strong>of</strong> <strong>species</strong> once placed in <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
or <strong>Armillariella</strong><br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
17
Table 2. Species presently accepted in the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong> (Fr.:Fr.) Staude, with known distributions. Some <strong>of</strong> these<br />
<strong>species</strong> names may be reduced to synonymy once cultural <strong>and</strong> mating studies are done. Designations for North American<br />
Biological Species (NABS, Anderson & Ullrich, 1979) <strong>and</strong> European Biological Species (EBS; Korhonen, 1978) are<br />
included.
NABS X <strong>and</strong> NABS XI are presently undescribed <strong>and</strong> unnamed. <strong>Armillaria</strong> fulgens (Cooke & Massee) Sacc. [Australia],<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> saviczii (Singer) Herink [Byelorussia], <strong>Armillaria</strong> umbilicata (Pat.) Sacc. & Syd. [Guadeloupe] are true<br />
members <strong>of</strong> the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong>, but have not been found or studied since their original description, despite extensive<br />
collecting in the areas from which they were described. <strong>Armillaria</strong> solidipes Peck, from Colorado, is also a true <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
<strong>species</strong>, but whether it is conspecific with any other <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong> is unknown.
20<br />
LITERATURE CITED<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
21
22<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
23
24<br />
Alphabetical listing <strong>of</strong> epithets in <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> <strong>and</strong> their current dispositions<br />
adelpha<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> adelpha (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:84<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) adelphus Berk., Berkeley 1850, Decades <strong>of</strong><br />
Fungi XXV to XXX no. 251 in Hooker’s J. Bot. 2:47<br />
accepted name: Because <strong>of</strong> the controversy surrounding this name <strong>and</strong> the<br />
apparent two type specimens, <strong>and</strong> the synonymy <strong>of</strong> this name with a brown<br />
spored <strong>species</strong> by Emel, this name is best considered a nomen dubium<br />
= Stropharia aeruginosa (M. A. Curtis) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
5:1013; fide Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.74<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> omnituens (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:84;<br />
fide Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3:16; however, fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling<br />
1981, Kavaka 10:65, they are not synonyms. The discrepancy apparently arises<br />
over which specimen should be considered the type.<br />
adnatifolia<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> adnatifolia (Peck) Kauffman, Kauffman 1923, Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci.<br />
2:60<br />
basionym: Lepiota adnatifolia Peck, Peck 1902, NY State Museum Report <strong>of</strong> the<br />
State Botanist 1901, NY State Museum Bulletin 271:947<br />
accepted name: h Cystoderma adnatifolium (Peck) Harmaja, Harmaja 1974,<br />
Karstenia 14:122<br />
h Cystoderma granulosum (Batsch:Fr.) Fayod var. adnatifolia A.H. Smith &<br />
Singer, Smith <strong>and</strong> Singer 1944 (1945), Proc. Mich. Acad. Sci. 30: 90; fide<br />
Miller <strong>and</strong> Farr 1975, Bib. Mycol. 44:59<br />
affinis<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> afinis Singer, Singer 1989, Fieldiana 21:12<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillariella</strong> afinis Singer, Singer 1989, Fieldiana 21:12<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> afinis (Singer) Volk & Burdsall, comb. nov.<br />
The description <strong>and</strong> photos indicate that this is a true <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>. Cultural<br />
<strong>and</strong> mating studies will have to be done to determine its affinities to other<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
africana<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahk:Fr.) P.Kumm. subsp. africana Mohammed, Guillaumin,<br />
Botton, & Intini, Mohammed et al. 1994, IUFRO 8:408<br />
accepted name: nomen nudum, ICBN Art. 36.1, no Latin diagnosis.<br />
Mohammed et al. 1994, loc. cit., have proposed this name for a groups <strong>of</strong><br />
African homothallic isolates resembling <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm.<br />
sensu stricto, q.v..<br />
alachuana<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> alachuana Murrill, Murrill 1938, Mimeographed Contr. Herb. U. <strong>of</strong><br />
Fla. Agr. Exp. Sta. p. 12; invalidly published ICBN Art. 29.1<br />
accepted name: = Ripartitella sp.<br />
nomen nudum, fide Singer 1946, Lloydia 9:128, name not validly published<br />
(ICBN Art. 29.1) Specimen at FLAS indicated as the type by Murrill examined<br />
by us, Murrill wrote the name "A. squamosidisca Murr. " on the label <strong>of</strong> the type<br />
collection, so this is likely to be the same as that <strong>species</strong>, placed in synonymy<br />
with Ripartitella brasiliensis (Speg.) Singer, Singer 1949 (1951), Lilloa 22:452<br />
alachuana<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> alachuana (Murrill) Singer, Singer 1949 (1951), Lilloa 22:216<br />
basionym: Clitocybe alachuana Murrill, Murrill 1944, Proc. Fl. Acad. Sci.<br />
7:107<br />
accepted name: = Rhodocybe mundulata (Lasch) Singer, Singer 1949 (1951),<br />
Lilloa 22:609; fide Bigelow 1985, Beih. Nova Hedw. 81: 425; fide Baroni 1981,<br />
Beih. Nova Hedw. 67:99; see Baroni 1981, loc. cit., for list <strong>of</strong> other synonyms<br />
h Lulesia alachuana (Murrill) Singer, Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3:17<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> alachuana Murrill, Murrill 1938, Mim. Contr. Herb. U. <strong>of</strong> Fla.<br />
Agr. Exp. Sta. p. 12, q.v.; note that Murrill used the epithet alachuana many<br />
times in naming <strong>species</strong>.<br />
alba<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> luteovirens (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Sacc. f. alba A.H. Smith, Smith<br />
1947, Mycologia 39: 625<br />
accepted name: h Floccularia luteovirens (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Pouzar f. alba<br />
(A.H. Smith) Pilat, Pilat 1969, C -<br />
eská Mykol. 23:13<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
25
26<br />
alba<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> albolanaripes G.F. Atk. f. alba Mitchel & A.H. Smith, Mitchel &<br />
A.H. Smith 1976, Mycotaxon 4 (2): 527<br />
accepted name:<br />
If this is a true form <strong>of</strong> this <strong>species</strong>, it belongs in the genus Flocuclaria.<br />
alba<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> stmminea (Krombholz) P.Kumm. var. americana Mitchel & A.H.<br />
Smith f. alba (A.H. Smith) Mitchel & Smith, Mitchel & A.H. Smith 1976,<br />
Mycotazon 4 (2): 527<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> luteovirens (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Sacc. f. alba A.H.<br />
Smith, Smith 1947, Mycologia 39:625<br />
accepted name: h Floccularia straminea (Krombh.) Pouzar var. americana<br />
(Mitchel & Smith) Ron f. alba (Mitchel & A.H. Smith) Bon, Bon 1990,<br />
Documents Mycologiques 20 (no. 79): 57<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> luteovirens f. alba A.H. Smith, Smith 1947, Mycologia 39:625;<br />
fide Mitchel <strong>and</strong> Smith 1976, Mycotaxon 4 (2): 527<br />
h Floccularia luteovirens (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Pouzar f. alba (A.H. Smith)<br />
Pilát, Pilát 1969, C -<br />
eská Mylcol. 23:13; fide Mitchel <strong>and</strong> Smith 1976, Mycotaxon<br />
4 (2): 527<br />
albertinii, Pleurotus SEE lepiota, pleurotoides<br />
albida<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. albida Peck, Peck 1892, NY State<br />
Museum Report St. Bot. 44: 134<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea Vahl var. albida Peck, Peck 1892, loc. cit.<br />
accepted name:<br />
Peck’s description indicates only that it is a "white or whitish form <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
mellea" s.l.; fide Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V Bmé. Vyznamenaná<br />
Rádem Prace BRNO p. 33, this probably represents an albino form <strong>of</strong> A. mellea<br />
s.1.<br />
albolanaripes<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> albolanaripes G.F. Atk., Atkinson 1908, Annales Mycologici 6:54<br />
accepted name: h Floccularia albolanaripes (G.F. Atk.) Redhead, Redhead<br />
1987, Canad. J. Bot. 65:1556<br />
h Floccularia albolanaripes (G.F. Atk.) Walting & S.P. Abraham, Walting <strong>and</strong><br />
S.P. Abraham 1992, Int’l. J. Lichenol. <strong>and</strong> Mycol. 5(3):155, superfluous comb.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
albo-sericea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> ah-sericea (Brig.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:77<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) albo-sericeus Brig., Briganti <strong>and</strong> Briganti 1851<br />
(1852), Neap. t.4, f.1-2<br />
accepted name:<br />
= Calocybe constricta (Fr.) Kühner ex Singer, Singer (1961) 1962, Sydowia<br />
15:47; fide Bigeard <strong>and</strong> Guillemin (1909) Flore des Champignons Supérieurs de<br />
France p. 72 [as "<strong>Armillaria</strong> constricta (Fr.) Gillet," q.v]<br />
fide Fries 1863, Monogr. II p. 330, this taxon is "inter A. scruposum &<br />
constrictum medius"; Briganti 1851, loc. cit., describes <strong>and</strong> illustrates this taxon<br />
with a tuberous base, unlike an <strong>Armillaria</strong>. The proper disposition <strong>of</strong> this <strong>species</strong><br />
is not known.<br />
album, Tricholoma SEE appendiculata<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
27
28<br />
alphitophylla<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> alphitophylla (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Murrill, Murrill 1914, N. Amer.<br />
Flora 10(1):39; see Murrill 1939, p. 31<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Mycena) alphitophyllus Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Berkeley <strong>and</strong><br />
Curtis 1858, Proc. Amer. Acad. 4:112<br />
accepted name: = Oudemansiella canarii (Jungh.) Höhn., Höhnel 1909, Sitz.ber.<br />
Akad. Wiss. Wien 118:276; fide Singer 1945, Mycologia 37:436; fide<br />
Pegler 1977, Kew Bull. addit. ser. 6:152<br />
h Mycena alphitophylla (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 5:305<br />
h Chamaemyces alphitophyllus (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Murrill, Murrill 1911,<br />
Mycologia 3:91<br />
h Oudemansiella alphitophylla (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Boedijn, Boedijn 1940,<br />
Bull. Jard. bot. Buitenz., Sér. III, xvi, p. 398; fide IF 1:27<br />
h Collybia alphitophylla (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) S.Ito & S.Imai, Ito <strong>and</strong> Imai<br />
1939, Trans. Sopporo Nat. Hist. Soc. 16:15. Original not seen, cited by Petrak<br />
1936-1939, p.23<br />
h Collybia mucida (Schrad.:Fr.) Bicken f. alphitophylla (Berk. & M.A. Curtis)<br />
Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.76, published as a provisional<br />
combination, invalid ICBN Art. 34.1(b)<br />
= Agaricus (Amanita) cubensis Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Berkeley <strong>and</strong> Curtis 1869,<br />
J. Linn. Soc. 10:282; fide Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10:39; fide Emel 1921,<br />
Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.56; fide Pegler 1977, Kew Bull. addit. ser. 6:150<br />
= Agaricus (Mycena) leucoconis Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Berkeley <strong>and</strong> Curtis,<br />
1858, Proc. Amer. Acad. 4:113 [ h Mycena leucoconis (Berk. & M.A. Curtis)<br />
Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:273]; fide Murrill 1914, N. Amer.<br />
Flora 10:39; fide Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.56<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> cheimonophylla (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Sacc. q.v.; fide Singer<br />
1945, Mycologia 37:436; fide Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.56<br />
ambiguus, Agaricus SEE ramentacea<br />
ambrosii<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> ambrosii Bres., Bresadola 1883, Fungi Tridentini 1:27<br />
accepted name: h Cystoderma ambrosii (Bres.) Singer, Singer 1943, Ann.<br />
Mycol. Berlin 41:170 [ Moser 1983, Keys to Agarics <strong>and</strong> Boleti, p. 253,<br />
incorrectly attributes the combination to Smith & Singer]<br />
h Tricholoma ambrosii (Bres.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpi1ze p. 330<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
ameghinoi<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> ameghinoi Speg., Spegazzini 1899, Anales de1 Museo National de<br />
Buenos Aires 6:97; Spegazzini indicates this taxon as "<strong>Armillaria</strong> ?"<br />
accepted name: h Amanita ameghinoi (Speg.) Singer, Singer 1952, Sydowia 6<br />
(5/6):344; fide Bas 1969, Persoonia 5:358<br />
americana<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> straminea (Krombh.) P.Kumm. var. americana Mitchel & A.H. Smith<br />
f. americana Mitchelk A.H. Smith, Mitchel <strong>and</strong> A.H. Smith 1976, Mycotaxon<br />
4(2):522<br />
accepted name: h Floccularia straminea (Krombh.) Pouzar var. americana<br />
(Mitchel & A.H. Smith) Bon, Bon 1990, Documents Mycologiques 20 (no. 79):<br />
57<br />
If A. straminea (q.v.) is accepted as a synonym <strong>of</strong> A. luteovirens, this taxon<br />
should be Floccularia luteovirens var. americana f. americana; see discussion<br />
under straminea.<br />
amianthina<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> amianthina (Scop.:Fr.) Kauffman, Kauffman 1923, Pap. Mich. Acad.<br />
Sci. 2:60<br />
basionym: Agaricus amianthinus Scop., Scopoli 1772, Flora Carniolica Plantas<br />
Camiolae Indigenas II 434<br />
accepted name: h Cystoderma amianthinum (Scop.:Fr.) Fayod, Fayod 1889,<br />
Prodrome, Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. VII 9:351<br />
NOT Cystoderma amianthinum (Scop. :Fr.) Fayod var. longisporum Kühner,<br />
Kühner 1969, Bull. mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon 38(6):184 [= Crystoderma jasonis<br />
(Cooke & Massee) Harmaja, Harmaja 1978, Karstenia 18(l): 291<br />
h Lepiota amianthinum (Scop.:Fr.) Wünsche, Wünsche 1877, Die Pilze p. 205;<br />
fide Dank 1960, Beih. Nova Hedwigia 5:80<br />
h Lepiota amianthinum (Scop.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p. 327,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
annularius, Agaricus SEE mellea<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
29
30<br />
apalosclerus<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> apalosclerus (Berk.) A. Ch<strong>and</strong>ra & Watling, Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling<br />
1981, Kavaka 10:65<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Pleurotus) apalosclerius Berk., Berkeley 1850, Hook. J.<br />
Bot. & Kew Gdn. Miscellany 2:82<br />
accepted name: = Oudemanriella canarii (Jungh.) Höhn., Höhnel 1909, Sitzber.<br />
Akad. Wiss. Wien 118:276; fide Singer 1945, Mycologia 37:436; fide<br />
Pegler 1977, Kew Bull. addit. ser. 6:152<br />
h Pleurotus hapalosclerus (Berk.) Sacc. ( h apalosclerus Berk), Saccardo 1887,<br />
Sylloge Fungorum 5:351<br />
fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling 1981, Kavaka 10:65, this <strong>species</strong> is exannulate <strong>and</strong><br />
near <strong>Armillaria</strong> tabescens <strong>and</strong> A. ectypa. note numerous spelling changes in the<br />
epithet.<br />
appendiculuta<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> appendiculata Peck, Peck 1897, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 24:140<br />
accepted name:<br />
fide Peck 1897, loc. cit., "suggestive <strong>of</strong> Tricholoma album" but with a veil.<br />
Mycorrhizal fungus, not an <strong>Armillaria</strong>. Its proper disposition is not known.<br />
aquatica, Clitocybe SEE tabescens<br />
arenicola<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> arenicola Murrill, Murrill 1912, Mycologia 4:212<br />
accepted name: = Tricholoma magnivelare (Peck) Redhead, Redhead 1984,<br />
Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 256; fide Redhead 1984, loc. cit.<br />
h Tricholoma murrillianum Singer, Singer 1942, Lloydia 5: 113; nomen novum<br />
for <strong>Armillaria</strong> arenicola Murrill, Murrill 1912, loc. cit.<br />
NOT Tricholoma arenicola (Murrill) Murrill, Murrill 1913, Mycologia 5:223<br />
[ = Melanoleuca arenicola Murrill, Murrill 1913, Mycologia 5:214, alternative<br />
name in same publication; = Tricholoma focale (Fr.) Ricken, q.v.; fide Ovrebo,<br />
1980, Ph.D. thesis Univ. <strong>of</strong> Toronto, p. 177 ]<br />
argentina<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> argentina Speg., Spegazzini 1899, Anales de1 Museo Nacional de<br />
Buenos Aires 6:99<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available about this <strong>species</strong>. Spegazzini’s description<br />
suggests a mycorrhizal <strong>species</strong>, not an <strong>Armillaria</strong>.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
armeniaca<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> armeniaca (Montagne) Raithelh., Raithelhuber 1990, Metrodiana<br />
18(1-2): 37 [ as "(Mont. ss. Rick)" ]<br />
basionym: Agaricus armeniacus Montagne, Montagne 1856, CENT. VII:22.<br />
Original not seen, cited by Raithelhuber 1990, loc. cit.<br />
accepted name:<br />
Raithelhuber’s description indicates no annulus, hyphae with clamps. If an<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> its closest relative would be A. tabescens, but this <strong>species</strong> is probably<br />
not an <strong>Armillaria</strong>.<br />
asprata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> asprata (Berk.) Petch, Petch 1910, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gdn. Peradeniya<br />
4:386<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Lepiota) aspratus Berk., Berkeley 1847, Hook. Lond. Jour.<br />
Bot. 6:481; Petch 1910, loc. cit., cites basionym as "Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>)<br />
aspratus Berk., " as do Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling 1981, Kavaka 10:80<br />
accepted name: = Cyptotrama asprata (Berk.) Redhead & Ginns, Redhead <strong>and</strong><br />
Ginns 1979, Can. J. Bot. 58:732; fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling 1981, Kavaka 10:65<br />
h Lepiota asprata (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:48<br />
= Xerula chryopepla (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer, Singer 1953, Lilloa<br />
26:156; fide Redhead <strong>and</strong> Ginns 1977, loc. cit.<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> carneogelatinosa Rick, Rick 1920, Brot. Ser. Bot. 18(2): 52; fide<br />
Redhead <strong>and</strong> Ginns 1977, loc. cit.<br />
atkinsoniana<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> atkinsoniana (Coker) Locq., Locquin 1952, Bull. trimest. Soc. Mycol.<br />
France 68: 167. no description or indication <strong>of</strong> new sp. or comb.<br />
basionym: Amanita atkinsoniana Coker, Coker 1917, J. Elisha Mitchell Sci.<br />
Soc. 33:84<br />
accepted name: = Amanita atkinsoniana Coker, Coker 1917, J. Elisha Mitch.<br />
Scient. Soc. 33:84 pls. 58-59; fide Bas 1969, Persoonia 5:427<br />
h Lepidella atkinsoniana (Coker) E.J. Gilbert & Kühner, Gilbert <strong>and</strong> Kühner<br />
1928, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 44:151<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
31
32<br />
aurantia<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> aurantia (Schaeff.:Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1872, Champ. Jura Vosques I in<br />
Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:231<br />
basionym: Agaricus aurantius Schaeff., Schaeffer 1762 t.37 (not seen);<br />
redescribed by Schaeffer 1774, Fungi qui.. Bavaria t. 32 <strong>and</strong> Schaeffer 1780,<br />
Fung. qui... Bavaria t. 37 .<br />
accepted name: h Tricholoma aurantium (Schaeff.:Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914,<br />
Die Blätterpilze p.332<br />
h Agaricus (Tricholoma) aurantius Schaeff.:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Mycol. I: 39<br />
h Melanoleuca aurantia (Schaeff.:Fr.) Murrill, Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora<br />
10:23<br />
= Agaricus (Tricholoma) peckii Howe, Howe 1875, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 6:66;<br />
fide Kauffmau 1918, Agaricaceae <strong>of</strong> Michigan p.651; fide Murrill 1914, loc. cit.<br />
australis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> australis Murrill, Murrill 1945, J. Fl. Acad. Sci. 8(2):175<br />
accepted name: = Ripartitella sp. We examined the type <strong>of</strong> this <strong>species</strong> from<br />
FLAS. The spores are ornamented, non-amyloid <strong>and</strong> it appears to be a<br />
Ripartitella sp.<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> colossa (Fr.) Boud. var. australis Clel<strong>and</strong>, Clel<strong>and</strong> 1927, No. 6<br />
No. 457, Trans. Proc. Royal Soc. S. Australia 51:299, q. v.<br />
NOT Tricholoma australe (Murrill) Murrill, Murrill 1944 (1945), Lloydia 7:327<br />
[= Melanoleuca australis Murrill, loc. cit. p. 306, alternative name in same<br />
publication]<br />
NOT Clitocybe australis Murrill, Murrill 1944 (1945), Lloydia 7:327<br />
[= Clitocybe gibba (Fr.) P.Kumm., Kummer 1871, Führ. Pilzkunde p. 123; fide<br />
Bigelow 1985, Beih. Nova Hedw. 81:291]<br />
Note that Murrill used this epithet for a large number <strong>of</strong> taxa.<br />
australis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> colossa (Fr.) Boud. var. australis Clel<strong>and</strong>, Clel<strong>and</strong> 1927, Trans. Proc.<br />
Royal Soc. S. Australia 51:299<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> colossa (Fr.) Boud. var. australis Clel<strong>and</strong>, Clel<strong>and</strong> 1927,<br />
loc. cit.<br />
accepted name: = Tricholoma coarctatum (Cooke & Massee) Sacc., Saccardo<br />
1891, Sylloge Fungorum 9: 13 ( h Agaricus (Tricholoma) coarctatus Cooke &<br />
Massee 1889, Grev. 18:2); fide Singer 1949 (1951), Lilloa 22:227 (as var.<br />
australiensis); fide Singer 1943, Ann. Mycol. 41:77<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
azalearum<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> azalearum (Murrill) Singer, Singer 1949 (1951), Lilloa 22:216<br />
basionym: Clitocybe azalearum Murrill, Murrill 1942, Llyodia 5:137<br />
accepted name: h Rhodocybe azalearum (Murrill) T.J. Baroni, Baroni 1981,<br />
Beih. Nov. Hedwigia 67: 44; fide Bigelow 1985, Beih. Nova Hedw. 81:425<br />
NOT Cortinellus azalearum Murrill, Murrill 1942, Lloydia 5:137 [ h Tricholoma<br />
azalearum (Murrill) Murrill, Murrill 1942, Lloydia 5:156, alternative name in<br />
same publication]; Note that Murrill used the epithet azalearum in many<br />
different genera<br />
badicephala<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> badicephala Zeller, Zeller 1935, Mycologia 27:459<br />
accepted name:<br />
Zeller 1935, loc. cit., describes it as "near Tricholoma subpessundatum Murr."<br />
suggesting a placement in Tricholoma; "with the general appearance <strong>of</strong> a<br />
Tricholoma", fide Hotson 1940, Mycologia 32: 786. It is apparently not a <strong>species</strong><br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong>.<br />
baccata, Amanita SEE beillii<br />
batschii, Tricholoma SEE subannulata, fracticia<br />
beillii<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> beillii (Beauseign.) Locq., Locquin 1952, Bull. trimest. Soc. Mycol.<br />
France 68:167. no description or indication <strong>of</strong> new sp. or comb.<br />
basionym: Lepidella beillii Beauseign., Beauseigneur 1926, Bull. Soc. Mycol.<br />
France XLII p.465<br />
accepted name:<br />
fide Bas 1969, Persoonia 5:285-379, not an <strong>Armillaria</strong>, "probably an ecological<br />
form <strong>of</strong> Amanita baccata, maybe a clamped form <strong>of</strong> Amanita gracilor"<br />
borealis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> borealis Marxmüller & Korhonen, Marxmüller <strong>and</strong> Korhonen 1982,<br />
Bull. Soc. Myco. Fr. 98(1):122<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> borealis Marxmüller & Korhonen, Marxmüller<br />
<strong>and</strong> Korhonen 1982, loc. cit.<br />
Korhonen <strong>species</strong> A (EBS A)<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
33
34<br />
boryana<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> boryana (Berk. & Mont.) Murrill, Murrill 1939, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club<br />
66:31<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Collybia) boryanus Berk. & Mont., Berkeley & Montagne<br />
1849, Ann. Sci. Nat. Bot. sér. 3, 11:235; basionym cited in "Cent. VI n.61 &<br />
Mont. Syll. Crypt n. 346" in Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:240<br />
accepted name: h Lentinula boryana (Berk. & Mont.) Pegler, Pegler 1975,<br />
Kavaka 3:19; fide Pegler 1983, World Monogr. Lentinus p. 224<br />
h Collybia boryana (Berk. & Mont.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
5:240, as "(Bory. & Mont.) Sacc."<br />
h Lentinus boryanus (Berk. & Mont.) Singer, Singer 1955, Sydowia Ann.<br />
Mycol. 9: 379<br />
h Gymnopus boryanus (Berk. & Mont.) Murrill, Murrill 1916, N. Amer. Flora<br />
9:74<br />
= Lentinus cubensis Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Berkeley <strong>and</strong> Curtis 1869, J. Linn.<br />
Soc. 10:302; fide Pegler 1983, loc. cit.<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> raphanica Murrill, Murrill 1943, Mycologia 35: 422 q.v.<br />
brasiliensis, Ripartitella SEE alachuana, floridana, rhagadiosa, <strong>and</strong><br />
squamosidisca<br />
bresadolae<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> bresadolae Rick, Rick 1907, Broteria 6(2):71<br />
accepted name: = Lepiota crassor Singer, Singer 1953, Lilloa 26:64, nomen<br />
novum for Rick’s <strong>species</strong> since Lepiota bresadolae (Rick) Singer would be invalid<br />
as a later homonym <strong>of</strong> Lepiota bresadolae (Schulzer), Sacc. 1887, see below.<br />
h Amanita bresadolae (Rick) Rick, Rick 1937, Lilloa 1:308<br />
NOT Lepiota bresadolae (Schulzer) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
5:33; [ h Agaricus (Lepiota) bresadolue Schulzer, Schulzer 1885, Hedwigia<br />
24: 132]; note that Schulzer used the epithet bresadolae for many different <strong>species</strong><br />
NOT Agaricus (Amanita) bresadolae Schulzer, Schulzer 1885, Hedwigia 24: 132<br />
NOT Tricholoma bresadolae Clémençon, Clémençon 1977, Nova Hedwigia 28<br />
(1):32 [ = nomen novum for Tricholoma murinaceum Bull. sensu Bresadola<br />
1927; = Tricholoma bresadolianum Clémençon, Clémençon 1977, Documents<br />
Mycologiques 7 (27-28): 54; see IF 4:486 ]<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
uchi<br />
Amillaria bruchi Speg., Spegazzini 1925 (1926), Bol. Acad. Nat. Cienc.<br />
Córdoba, 28:276<br />
accepted name: nomen ambiguum; fide Singer 1952, Sydowia 6:345; fide Bas<br />
1969, Persoonia 5:285-379, not an <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
NOT Agaricus bruchi Speg., Spegazzini 1925 (1926), Bol. Acad. Nat. de Cienc.<br />
Córdoba 28:327<br />
brunneus, Agaricus SEE spongiosa<br />
bulbiger<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> bulbigera (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) P.Kumm., Kummer 1871, Führ.<br />
Pilz. p.135<br />
basionym: Agaricus bulbiger Alb. & Schwein., Albertini <strong>and</strong> Schweinitz 1805,<br />
Conspectus Fungorum p. 150<br />
accepted name: h Leucocortinarius bulbiger (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Singer,<br />
Singer 1945, Lilloa 8: 141, see this reference for other synonyms.<br />
h Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) bulbiger Alb. & Schwein.:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc.I<br />
p.27<br />
h Tricholoma bulbigerum (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die<br />
Blätterpilze p.331 [ as "(Schwein.) Ricken" ]<br />
h Cortinarius bulbiger (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Lange, Lange 1933, Dansk Bot.<br />
Ark. 8(7): 6 [ as "(Fr.) Lange" ]<br />
h Cortinellus bulbiger (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Pat., Patouillard --reference not<br />
found, cited in Singer 1943, Ann. Mycol. 41:67<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
35
36<br />
bulbosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> bulbosa Velenovský, Velenovský 1927, Mykologia (Praha) 4:116 [ as<br />
"(Barla) Velen. " ]<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> bulbosa Velenovský, Velenovský 1927, Mykologia (Praha)<br />
4:116 { nomen novum based on <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var.<br />
bulbosa Barla, Barla 1887, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 3:143 (nom. rej. ICBN<br />
Art. 64.1, later homonym <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. bulbosa<br />
P.Karst., Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns<br />
Hattsvampar p.21, q.v.) }<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> cepistipes Velen., Velenovský 1920, C - eské<br />
Houby, Dil II:283; fide Marxmüller 1992, Mywtaxon 44:270, <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea<br />
(Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. bulbosa Barla, q.v. is probably identical with<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> cepistipes Velen. based on the habitat, occurrence under conifers, <strong>and</strong><br />
examination <strong>of</strong> Barla’s type specimen <strong>and</strong> color plate. <strong>Armillaria</strong> cepistipes<br />
Velen. 1920 is an older name than <strong>Armillaria</strong> bulbosa Velen. 1927. See<br />
additional discussion under gallica.<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> bulbosa (Velen.) Romagn., Romagnesi 1973, Bull. trimest. Soc.<br />
Mycol. France 89 (2): 199 [ as "(Barla) Romagn., " treated here as a<br />
bibliographic error]; fide Marxmüller 1992, Mycotaxon 44:270, this name has<br />
been misapplied, <strong>and</strong> the <strong>species</strong> described <strong>and</strong> collected by Romagnesi is<br />
identical to <strong>Armillaria</strong> gallica Marxmüller & Romagn., Marxmüller &<br />
Romagnesi 1987, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 103:152.<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> bulbosa (Barla) Kile & Watling, Kile <strong>and</strong> Watling 1983, Trans.<br />
Brit. Mycol. Soc. 81 (1): 131, superfluous comb.<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> lutea sensu Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30:108;<br />
fide Marxmüller 1992, Mycotaxon 44:270<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumtn. var. bulbosa P.Karst., Karsten<br />
1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p.21; this<br />
name has priority over Barla’s, q.v.<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. bulbosa Peck, Peck 1893, NY<br />
State Mus. Rept. 46: 133, q.v.; illegitimate as later homonym <strong>of</strong> both Barla’s <strong>and</strong><br />
Karsten’s names (ICBN ART. 64.1)<br />
If the name <strong>Armillaria</strong> bulbosa were to be used, it would have to be cited as<br />
"<strong>Armillaria</strong> bulbosa Velen. " (ICBN Art. 72), since Barla’s name is illegitimate as<br />
a later homonym <strong>of</strong> Karsten’s 1879 name. (ICBN Art. 64.1).<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
ulbosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. bulbosa P.Karst., Karsten 1879,<br />
Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p.21<br />
accepted name:<br />
This taxon has not been addressed since Karsten’s description. It is a nomen<br />
dubium.<br />
bulbosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. bulbosa Peck, Peck 1893, NY State<br />
Mus. Rept. 46:133<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon. It is illegitimate (ICBN<br />
Art. 64.1) as a later homonym <strong>of</strong> both Barla’s <strong>and</strong> Karsten’s <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea<br />
var. bulbosa. q.v.<br />
butryaceus, Agaricus SEE spongiosa<br />
canarii, Oudemansiella SEE alphitophylla, apalosclerus, cheimonophylla,<br />
favacea, mucida, <strong>and</strong> platensis<br />
caeruleo-viridis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> caeruleo-viridis (Brig.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:77<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) caeruleo-viridis Brig., Briganti 1837 (1839),<br />
Jun. Neap. p. 9 t.3. f.1-2, Comes F. Napoli p.9<br />
accepted name:<br />
doubtful whether an <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>, fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987,<br />
Mycotaxon 30: 105<br />
caespitosus, Lentinus (also Agaricus, Pleurotus, Monadelphus) SEE tabescens<br />
californicum, Tricholoma SEE subannulatum<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
37
38<br />
caligata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata (Viv.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 79<br />
basionym: Agaricus caligatus Viv., Viviani 1834, Funghi d’Italia I t.35<br />
accepted name: h Tricholoma caligatum (Viv.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die<br />
Blätterpilze p.331; Sometimes incorrectly cited as "Tricholoma caligatum<br />
(Viv.:Fr.) Ricken"<br />
h Tricholoma caligatum (Viv.) Bres., cited in Lindau <strong>and</strong> Ulbrich 1928,<br />
Kryptogamenflora für Anfänger p. 351. We were unable to find this combination<br />
in any <strong>of</strong> Bresadola’s works.<br />
h Tricholoma caligatum (Viv.) Maire, Maire 1933, Publ. Junta Cienc. Nat.<br />
Barcelona, Treb. Mus. Cienc. Nat. Barcelona XV nr. 2 p.80, original not seen,<br />
cited in IFP 1932-35, p. 238, superfluous comb.<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata (Xv.) Sacc.., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:75,<br />
superfhous comb.<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata (Viv.) Gillet sensu Hariot & Pat., Hariot <strong>and</strong><br />
Patouillard 1902, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 8:132; fide Scott Redhead (Pers. Comm.)<br />
this is a misapplied name, as Hariot <strong>and</strong> Patouillard apparently based their<br />
description on a matsutake purchased in the market; = <strong>Armillaria</strong> matsutake<br />
S.Ito & S.Imai,q.v., fide Ito <strong>and</strong> Imai 1925, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 39:327, who cited<br />
this as "<strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata Har. & Pat.," as did Kytövuori 1988 (1989),<br />
Karstenia 28(2):69. Thus the synonymy <strong>of</strong> T.matsutake with T.caligatum is based<br />
on a misapplication <strong>of</strong> the name T.caligatum.<br />
fide Bon 1984, Encyclopedia Mycologique 36: 275; fide Riva 1988, Fungi<br />
Europaei: Tricholoma p. 400, Tricholoma matsutake q.v. is the same as<br />
T.caligatum, but the basis for the synonymy as proposed by these authors is not<br />
known.<br />
calvescens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> calvescens Bérubé & Dessur., Bérubé <strong>and</strong> Dessurealt 1989, Mycologia<br />
81(2):220<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> calvescens Bérubé & Dessur., Bérubé <strong>and</strong><br />
Dessurealt 1989, loc. cit.<br />
North American Biological Species III<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
calyptrata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> calyptrata (Lindbl.) P.Karst., Karsten, 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och<br />
den Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p.23<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Pleurotus) calyptratus Lindbl., Lindblad in Fries 1857,<br />
Monograph. I p. 238<br />
accepted name: h Pleurotus calyptratus (Lindbl.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887,<br />
Sylloge Fungorum 5: 341<br />
The description indicates a subsessile basidioma with laterally attached stipe. It is<br />
likely a Pleurotus <strong>species</strong>.<br />
camerunsis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. camerunensis Henn., Hennings 1895,<br />
Fungi Camerun. I in Engl. Jahrb. 22: 107<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. camerunensis Henn.,<br />
Hennings 1895, loc. cit.<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> camerunensis (Henn.) Volk & Burdsall, comb.<br />
nov. Mohammed et al. 1989, IUFRO 7:447-457 provide preliminary evidence<br />
that this is a distinct <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong>. We maintain it here as a separate<br />
until definitive mating <strong>and</strong> cultural studies can be done. Since this name is being<br />
used we provide a validly published combination.<br />
fide Roy Walting (Pers. Comm.) possibly = <strong>Armillaria</strong> fuscipes Petch, q.v.<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> camerunensis (Henn.) Singer, Singer 1986, Agaricales in<br />
Modem Tax. p. 263<br />
carcharius<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> carcharia (Pers.) Kauffman, Kauffman 1924, Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci.<br />
4:317 [ mis-cited as "(Fr.) Kauffman", bibliographic error ]<br />
basionym: Agaricus carcharias Pers., Persoon 1797, Disp. Meth. Fung. 16 p.<br />
18<br />
accepted name: h Cystoderma carcharios (Pers.) Fayod, Fayod 1889,<br />
Prodrome, Ann. Sc. Nat. Bot. VII 9:351; note spelling change to -os; fide Singer<br />
1961, Persoonia 2: 13<br />
h Lepiota carcharias (Pers.) P.Karst., Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och<br />
den Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p. 14 [ as "(Pers.) Fr.," but Fries 1874,<br />
Hym. Eur. p. 36, treated this as "Agaricus (Lepiota) carcharias" ]<br />
h Lepiota carcharias (Pers.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p. 327,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
h Lepiota granulosa (Batsch:Fr.) Quél. var. carcharias (Pers.) Gillet, Gillet<br />
1874, Les Hym. p. 71<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> pinetorum Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 79; fide Bresadola<br />
1920, Ann. Mycol. 18:65<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
39
40<br />
carneogelatinosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> carneogelatinosa Rick, Rick 1920, Brot. Ser. Bot. 18(2): 52<br />
accepted name: = Cyptotrama asprata (Berk.) Redhead & Ginns, Redhead <strong>and</strong><br />
Ginns 1979, Can. J. Bot. 58:732<br />
casimiri<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> casimiri Velen., Velenovský 1920, C -<br />
eské Houby, Dil II:283.<br />
accepted name: nomen dubium, fide Antonín 1990, Acta Mus Moraviae Sci.<br />
Nat. 75: 129<br />
Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30:105, suggest this <strong>species</strong> may<br />
be synonymous with Catathelasma imperiale (Fr.) Singer because <strong>of</strong> double<br />
anuulus; fide Antonín 1990, Acta Mus Moraviae Sci. Nat. 75: 130 (who studied<br />
the type) it is not C. imperiale.<br />
castulifera<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> castulifera Romagn., Romagnesi 1978, Bull. trimest. Mycol. Soc.<br />
Fr. 94 (2): 100<br />
accepted name: h Leucocortinarius castulifer (Romagn.) Romagn., Romagnesi<br />
1980, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 96 (2):150<br />
causetta<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> causetta (Barla) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.27.,<br />
published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN Art. 34.1(b)<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) causetta Barla, Barla 1859, Champ. Nice. p. 16<br />
t. 9 & 10 f. 4-7<br />
accepted name: = Tricholoma robustum (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Ricken, Ricken<br />
1914, Die Blätterpilze p.332; fide Kytövuori 1988 (1989), Karstenia 28(2):69;<br />
fide Moser 1983, Keys to Agarics <strong>and</strong> Boleti (as T.robustrum)<br />
h Tricholoma focale (Fr.) Ricken var. causetta (Barla) Bon, Bon 1976,<br />
Documents Mycologique 6:273<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> rufa Quél., Quélet 1881, Jura Suppl. 10, in C.R. Ass. Fr. Av. Sci.<br />
9:661; fide Quélet 1881, loc. cit. ; but see discussion under focalis<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
cepistipes<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> cepistipes Velen., Velenovský 1920, C -<br />
eské Houby, Dil II:283<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> cepistipes Velen., Velenovský 1920, loc. cit. ; fide<br />
Antonin 1986, C -<br />
eské Mykol. 40(1):38<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> cepistipes Vel. f. pseudobulbosa Romagn. & Marxmüller,<br />
Romagnesi <strong>and</strong> Marxmüller 1983, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 99(3):310; fide<br />
Marxmüller 1992, Mycotaxon 44:269 (form designations ab<strong>and</strong>oned, forms<br />
intergrade)<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (VahhFr.) P.Kumm. var. bulbosa Barla, Barla 1887, Bull.<br />
Soc. Mycol. France 3:143; fide Marxmüller 1992, Mycotaxon 44:270-- see<br />
discussion under bulbosa.<br />
Korhonen Species B (EBS B), partially compatible with North American<br />
Biological Species X <strong>and</strong> XI<br />
fide Marxmüller 1992, Mycotaxon 44:269-270, cepistipes should be the accepted<br />
spelling <strong>of</strong> this name-- orthographic variants include cepaestipes <strong>and</strong> cepestipes<br />
cerasi<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> cerasi Vel., Velenovský 1920, C -<br />
eské Houby, Dil II:282<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. q.v.; fide Antonín<br />
1990, Acta Mus Moraviae Sci. Nat. 75:130; fide Termomhuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds<br />
1987, Mycotaxon 30: 105-106, "possibly A.mellea"<br />
cheimonophylla<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> cheimonophylla (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 5:86<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) cheimonophyllus Berk. & M.A. Curtis,<br />
Berkeley <strong>and</strong> Curtis 1869, J. Linn. Soc. 10:284<br />
accepted name: = Oudemansiella canarii (Jungh.) Höhn., Höhnel 1909, Sitz.ber.<br />
Akad. Wiss.Wien 118:276; fide Singer 1945, Mycologia 37:437; fide Pegler<br />
1977, Kew Bull. addit. ser. 6:152<br />
h Mucidula cheimonophylla (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Pat., Patouillard 1899, Bull.<br />
Soc. Mycol. France 15:192<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (VahLFr.) P.Kumm. var. chlorina Rick, Rick 1906, Blotéria<br />
5:24<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> puiggarii Speg., Spegazzini 1889, Bol. Acad.<br />
Nat. Cienc. Córdoba 11: 384; fide Singer 1952, Sydowia 6:344; fide Singer<br />
1953, Lilloa 26:66; fide Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3:7<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
41
42<br />
chrysopepla, Xerula SEE asprata<br />
chryosophylha<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> chryosophylla (Fr.) Singer, Singer 1943, Annales Mycol.(Berlin)<br />
41:20<br />
basionyam: Agaricus (Omphalia) chrysophyllus Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Mycol.<br />
1:167<br />
accepted name: h Chrysomphalina chrysophylla (Fr.) Clémençon, Clémençon<br />
1982, Zeit. Mykol. 48:203; fide Norvel, Redhead <strong>and</strong> Ammirati 1994,<br />
Mycotaxon 50:390.<br />
h Gerronema chrysophyllum (Fr.) Singer, Singer 1959, Mycologia 51:380<br />
h Omphalia chrysophylla (Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p.296<br />
h Omphalina chrysophylla (Fr.) Murrill, Murrill 1916, N. Amer. Flora 9: 346<br />
= Clitocybe luteophylla Bigelow & Healer, Bigelow <strong>and</strong> Healer 1960, J. Elisha<br />
Mitchell Sci. Soc. 76: 160, nomen novum for Agaricus chrysophyllus non<br />
Clitocybe chrysophylla Hruby, Hruby 1930, Hedwigia 70: 243.<br />
cinereoconia<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> cinereoconia (G.F. Atk.) Locq., Locquin 1952, Bull. trimest. Soc.<br />
Mycol. France 68:167. no description or indication <strong>of</strong> new sp. or comb.<br />
basionym: Amanita cinereoconia G.F. Atk., Atkinson 1909, Ann. Mycol.<br />
(Berlin) 7:366<br />
accepted name: h Amanita cinereoconia G.F. Atk., Atkinson 1909, loc. cit. ;<br />
fide Bas 1969, Persoonia 5463<br />
cingulata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> cingulata (Almfelt in Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1872, Quélet Champ. Jura<br />
Vosques I in Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:74<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Lepiota) cingulatus Almfelt in Fr., Fries 1830, Linnaea<br />
5:507 tab. 10 [Eclogae Fungorum p. 5071<br />
accepted name: h Tricholoma cingulatum (Fr.) Jacobasch, Jacobasch 1892,<br />
Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov. Br<strong>and</strong>. 33:59<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> ramentaceu ss. Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 78; fide Bon 1984,<br />
Encyclopédia Mycologique 36: 155; fide Riva 1988, Fungi Europaei: Tricholoma<br />
p. 244 [as "Tricholoma ramentaceum sensu Gillet" ]<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
cinnabarina<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> cinnabarina (Alb. & Schwein.) Kauffman, Kauffman 1923, Pap.<br />
Mich. Acad. Sci. 2:60<br />
basionym: Agaricus granulosus Batsch var. cinnabarinus Alb. & Schwein.,<br />
Albertini <strong>and</strong> Schweinitz 1805, Conspectus Fungorum p. 147<br />
accepted name: = Cystoderma terreii (Berk. & Broome) Harmaja, Harmaja<br />
1978, Karstenia 18:29-30<br />
h Agaricus (Lepiota) cinnabarinus Alb. & Schwein. ex Fr., Fries 1874, Hym.<br />
Eur. p.36. Fries did not mention this <strong>species</strong> until 1874 <strong>and</strong> should not be<br />
included as an authority for combinations.<br />
h Cystoderma cinnabarinum (Alb. & Schwein.) Fayod, Fayod 1889, Prodrome,<br />
Ann. SC. Nat. Bot. VII 9:351<br />
h Agaricus granulosus cinnabarinus Secr., Secretan 1833, Mycogr. Suisse 1:60;<br />
nomen invalidum, Secretan names not accepted, ICBN Art. 23.6(c) Ex. 10<br />
h Lepiota cinnabarina (Alb. & Schwein.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze<br />
p. 327 [ cited as "Schwein." instead <strong>of</strong> "Alb. & Schwein." ]<br />
h Lepiota granulosa (Batsch:Fr.) Quél. var. cinnabarina (Alb. & Schwein.)<br />
Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 71<br />
citri<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> citri (Inzenga) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:83<br />
basionym: Agaricus citri Inzenga, Inzenga 1865, Funghi. Sic. I p.33 t.3 f.1<br />
(cited as "Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) citri Inzenga" by Fries 1874, Hym. Eur. p. 460)<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm., q.v.; fide<br />
Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30:106.<br />
h Collybia mellea (Vahl:Fr.) Emel f. citri (Inzenga) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> p.76, published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN Art.<br />
34.1(b)<br />
fide Singer 1951, Sydowia 5:445-475, studied type <strong>and</strong> believed it belonged to<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> mellea s.1.<br />
clavuligera<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> clavuligera Singer, Singer 1951, Lilloa 25:70<br />
accepted name: h Gerronema clavuligera (Singer) Singer, Singer 1961 (1962),<br />
Sydowia 15:50<br />
coarctatum, Tricholoma SEE australis<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
43
44<br />
codinae<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> codinae (Maire) Locq., Locquin 1952, Bull. trimest. Soc. Mycol.<br />
France 68:167. no description or indication <strong>of</strong> new sp. or comb.<br />
basionym: Lepidella codinae Maire, Maire 1933, Fungi Catal. I. in Mus. Barcin.<br />
Scient. nat. Op. (bot.2) 15: 85 pl. I<br />
accepted name: h Amanita codinae (Maire) Singer, Singer 1949 (1951), Lilloa<br />
22: 388; fide Bas 1969, Persoonia 5:352<br />
colossa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> colossa (Fr.) Boudier, Boudier 1900, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 16:18<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Tricholoma) colossus Fr., Fries 1838, Epicr. p. 38,<br />
Monogr. p. 15<br />
accepted name: h Tricholoma colossum (Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1872, Quélet<br />
Champ. Jura Vosques I in Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:76<br />
h Tricholoma colossum (Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p.333,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
= Tricholoma guernisaci Crouan in Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 95, q.v.;<br />
fide Bigeard <strong>and</strong> Guillemin (1909) Flore des Champignons Supérieurs de France<br />
p. 71<br />
compressipes<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> compressipes (Murrill) Singer, Singer 1942, Lloydia 5: 103<br />
basionym:<br />
Singer 1942, Lloydia 5:103, cited as the basionym "Clitocybe compressipes<br />
Murrill, Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10:19." This taxon does not exist.<br />
However, on that page, Murrill treated Melanoleuca compressipes Murrill [ h<br />
Tricholoma compressipes (Murrill) Murrill, Murrill 1914, Mycologia 6:269 ].<br />
Murrill 1916, N. Amer. Flora 9:47, accepted Clitocybe compressipes (Peck)<br />
Sacc. q.v.; This should be treated as a bibliographic error (ICBN Art. 33.2<br />
Ex.4), Singer apparently intended "Melanoleuca compressipes Murrill" as the<br />
basionym for his combination.<br />
accepted name:<br />
Singer 1942, Lloydia 5: 103 description indicates affinity with A. tabescens <strong>and</strong><br />
A.nigropunctata, which Singer considered exannulate <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillariella</strong>.<br />
The true disposition <strong>of</strong> this taxon is not known.<br />
NOT Agaricus (Clitocybe) compressipes Peck, Peck 1880, NY State Mus. Rept.<br />
State Botanist 33:18 [ h Clitocybe compressipes (Peck) Sacc., Saccardo 1887,<br />
Sylloge Fungorum 5: 184; fide Bigelow 1982 Beih. Nov. Hedw. 72: 137; h<br />
Clitocybula compressipes (Peck) Raithelh., Raithelhuber 1979, Metrodiana 8:29,<br />
h Pseudomphalina compressipes (Peck) Singer, Singer 1962, Agaricales ed 2 p.<br />
287]<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
congregatus, Agaricus SEE ostoyae<br />
constricta<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> constricta (Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 78<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) constrictus Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. 1: 28<br />
accepted name: h Calocybe constricta (Fr.) Kühner in Singer, Singer 1961<br />
(1962), Sydowia 15:47; fide Watling et al. 1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease p. 6<br />
h Lyophyllum constrictum (Fr.) Singer, Singer 1943, Ann. Mycol. 41:100<br />
h Calocybe constricta (Fr.) Kühner ex Bon & Courtec., Bon & Courtecuisse<br />
1986, Documents Mycologiques 16 (62) :66, superfluous comb.<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> constricta (Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:77,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
h Tricholoma constrictum (Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p.329<br />
h Tricholoma constrictum (Fr.) Lange, Lange 1933, Dansk. Bot. Ark. 8 (3): 28;<br />
IF 5: 316, superfIuous comb.<br />
h Tricholomella constricta (Fr.) Zerova, Zerova 1974, Atlas Grib. Ukr. 84, <strong>and</strong><br />
Zerova 1979, Vizn. Grib. Ukr. 5 (2):178 (nomen nudum, ICBN Art. 36.1; in<br />
both references the genus name was published without a Latin diagnosis)<br />
h Tricholomella constricta (Fr.) Zerova ex Kalaméés, Zerova ex Kalaméés<br />
1992, Persoonia 14(4) :446<br />
contorticystis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> contorticystis A.H. Smith, Smith 1979, Beih. Sydowia 8:370<br />
accepted name:<br />
Not an <strong>Armillaria</strong>, a mycorrhizal fungus. Smith described the spores as being<br />
"not amyloid, or very weakly so (possibly)"<br />
corticata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> corticata (Fr.) P.Karst., Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den<br />
Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p.22<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Pleurotus) corticatus Fr., Fries 1815, Obs. I. p. 92<br />
accepted name: = Pleurotus dryinus (Pers.:Fr.) P.Kumm., Kummer 1871,<br />
Führ. PiIz. p.135; fide Atkinson 1900, Stud. Amer. Fungi.; fide Kauffman 1918,<br />
Agar. p.655<br />
h Agaricus (Pleurotus) corticatus Fr.:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. I p. 179<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> corticata (Fr.) PKarst., Karsten 1881, Hymenomycetes<br />
Fennicae p.4<br />
h Pleurotus corticatus (Fr.) P.Kumm., Kummer 1871, Führ. Pilz. p.104<br />
h Pleurotus corticatus (Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1872, Champ. Jura Vosques I in<br />
Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:111, superfluous comb.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
45
46<br />
crassor, Lepiota SEE bresadokae<br />
crouanii<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> crouanii de Guern., deGuernisac in Gillet 1874, Les Hymenomycetes<br />
p.80<br />
accepted name:<br />
h Clitocybe crouani (deGuern.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.75,<br />
published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN Art. 34.1(h)<br />
Mycorrhizal fungus, not an Amillaria. No further information is available<br />
regarding this taxon.<br />
cubensis, Agaricus SEE alphitophylla<br />
cubensis, Lentinus SEE boryana<br />
dactyliophora<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> dactyliophora (Lév.) Beeli, Beeli 1927, Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belg.<br />
59: 110<br />
basionym: Lentinus dactyliophorus Lév., Léveillé 1844, Champ. Exot. Ann. Sci.<br />
Nat., Bot. sév. 3, 2:174<br />
accepted name: = Lentinus sajor-caju (Fr.) Fr., Fries 1838, Epicrisis p. 393;<br />
fide Pegler 1983, World Monogr. Lentinus p. 81<br />
cumulatus, Agaricus SEE mellea<br />
darjeelingensis<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> darjeelingensis Sarwal & Locq., Sarwal <strong>and</strong> Locquin 1983, Compte<br />
rendus du 108e Congres national des Societes savantes, Grenoble 1983 Section<br />
des Sciences 1; Sciences de la terre 2:196<br />
accepted name:<br />
According to the description, this fungus is a mycorrhizal former <strong>and</strong> does not<br />
belong in the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong>. Its proper placement is unknown.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
dasypepla<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> dasypepla (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:78<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) dasypeplus Berk., Berkeley 1847, Decades <strong>of</strong><br />
Fungi no. 145, L<strong>and</strong> J. Bot. 6:482<br />
accepted name: nomen dubium, not an <strong>Armillaria</strong>; fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling<br />
1981, Kavaka 10:81<br />
Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.74 spells this "<strong>Armillaria</strong> Dasypila (Berck.)<br />
Sacc., p.78," citing the correct page in Sylloge Fungorum. Treated as an<br />
orthographic error.<br />
dasypila<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> Dasypila (Berk.) Sacc. [as "(Berck.) Sacc." ], Saccardo 1889, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 5:78, as cited by Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.74.<br />
Emel apparently meant to cite <strong>Armillaria</strong> dasypepla (Berk) Sacc., q.v. Treated<br />
here as an orthographic variant <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> dasypepla, as no taxon with the<br />
epithet dasypila exists in Sylloge Fungorum.<br />
deceptiva<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> deceptiva (A.H. Smith & Hesler) Singer, Singer 1949 (1951), Lilloa<br />
22:216<br />
basionym: Hygrophorus deceptivus A.H. Smith & Hesler, Smith <strong>and</strong> Hesler<br />
1942, Lloydia 5:45<br />
accepted name: h Hygrophorus deceptivus A.H. Smith & Hesler, Smith <strong>and</strong><br />
Hesler 1942, loc. cit. ; fide Hesler <strong>and</strong> Smith 1963, North American <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
Hygrophorus p. 174<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
47
48<br />
decorosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> decorosa (Peck) A.H. Smith & M.B. Walters, Smith <strong>and</strong> Walters<br />
1947, Mycologia 39:622<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Tricholoma) decorosus Peck, Peck 1873, Bull. Buff. Soc.<br />
Sc. Nat. 1:42<br />
accepted name: This <strong>species</strong> will be placed in the genus Leucopholiota by O.K.<br />
Miller, Volk, & Bessette in a future publication; Leucopholiota is not a validly<br />
published genus.<br />
h Floccularia decorosa (Peck) Bon & Courtec., Bon <strong>and</strong> Courtecuisse 1987,<br />
Documents Mycologiques 18(69):38.<br />
h Tricholoma decorosum (Peck) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5: 111<br />
h Tricholoma decorosum (Peck) Farl., Farlow 1929, Icones Farlowiae p. 19<br />
pl. 17, superfluous comb.<br />
h Cortinellus decorosus (Peck) Murrill, Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10: 32<br />
h Tricholomopsis decorosa (Peck) Singer, Singer 1943, Mycologia 35:152<br />
Remarks: Romagnesi 1980, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 96:145, erected the<br />
subgenus Leucopholiota <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> ss. Fries (<strong>Armillariella</strong> P.Karst) to<br />
accommodate this <strong>species</strong>, which causes a wood decay <strong>and</strong> has amyloid spores.<br />
dehiscens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> dehiscens (Viv.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:76<br />
basionym: Agaricus dehiscens Viv., Viviani 1834, Funghi d’Italia p.60<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon.<br />
delicata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> delicata (Fr.) Boud., Boudier 1904, Icones Mycologicae t. 1 pl. 23<br />
No. 574, text publ. 1911 in Icones Mycologicae 4: 12<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Lepiota) delicatus Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. I: 20<br />
accepted name: h Limacella delicata (Fr.) Earle, Earle 1909, Bull. NY Bot.<br />
Garden 5:447<br />
h Lepiota delicata (Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 73<br />
h Lepiota delicata (Fr.) Lindau <strong>and</strong> Ulbrich, Lindau <strong>and</strong> Ulbrich 1928,<br />
Kryptogamenflora für Anfänger 1:355, superfluous comb.<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> delicata (Fr.) Bigeard & Guillemin, Bigcard & Guillemin 1913,<br />
Flore des Champignons Supérieurs de France 2: 34, superfluous comb.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
denigrata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> denigrata (Pers.:Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 82<br />
basionym: Agaricus denigratus Pers., Persoon 1801, Synopsis Methodica<br />
Fungorum no. 16 p. 267<br />
accepted name: = Agrocybe erebia (Fr.) Fayod ex Konrad & Maubl., in Konrad<br />
<strong>and</strong> Maublanc, 1948, Les Agaricales, Encyclopédia Mycologique 14:160; fide<br />
Watling et al. 1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease p. 6; fide P.M. Rea 1922 Brit.<br />
Basidiomycetae p. 100; fide Watling et al. 1982, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc.<br />
78:272; fide Gilbert 1928, Bull. Mycol. Soc. Fr. 44:166 ( as Pholiota erebia)<br />
= Agrocybe erebia (Fr.) Kühner, Kühner 1953, Flora Analytique des<br />
Champignons Supériuers p.342.) superfluous <strong>and</strong> illegitimate combination, no<br />
basionym or citation as required beginning Jan 1953<br />
h Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) denigratus Pers.:Fr., Fries 1821, p. 30<br />
h Agrocybe denigrata (Pers.:Fr.) Singer, Singer 1943, Ann. Mycol. 41:21<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> denigrata (Pers.:Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
5:81, superfluous comb.<br />
h Clitocybe denigrata (Pers.:Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p. 363<br />
densifolia<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> densifolia Singer in Singer & Digilio, Singer 1951 (1953), Lilloa<br />
25:72<br />
accepted name: h Lulesia densifolia (Singer) Singer, Singer 1970, Flora<br />
Neotropica 3: 16<br />
derodus<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> deroda (Schulzer) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.74<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) derodus Schulzer, Schulzer 1878, Myc. Beit.<br />
Wien; Champ de Sclavonie sp. no 67, p.112.<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon. From the description it<br />
is likely a Pleurotus <strong>species</strong>.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
49
50<br />
dichupella<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> dichupella (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:83<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) dicupellus Berk., Berkeley 1850, Hook. J. Bot.<br />
Kew Gdn. Misc. 2:45<br />
accepted name:<br />
fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling 1981, Kavaka 10:67, this is probably identical with<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> vara (Berk) Sacc.,q.v., which they considered a nomen dubium in the<br />
same publication p. 76<br />
fide Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3: 16, this is a synonym <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
omnituens (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:84<br />
note spelling differences in epithet.<br />
dimidiata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> dimidiata (Schaeff.) J.Schröt. in E.Cohn, Cohn 1889, Kryptogamen-<br />
Flora von Schliesen 3 (1):667<br />
basionym: Agaricus dimidiatus Schaeff., Schaeffer 1774, Fung. qui... Bavaria<br />
4:57 nr. 121; Schaeffer 1774 cites Schaeffer 1770, Fung. qui... Bavaria v. 3 t.<br />
233, but this is only a drawing <strong>of</strong> the <strong>species</strong>, without a binomial.<br />
accepted name: = Pleurotus dryinus (Pers.:Fr.) P.Kumm., Kummer 1871,<br />
Führ. Pilz. p. 135; fide Bigeard <strong>and</strong> Guillemin 1909, Flore des Champignons<br />
Supérieurs de France p. 154; fide Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:340; fide<br />
Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10:35; Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. 1:180 under<br />
A.dryinus lists as a synonym "A.dimidiat. Schaeff t.233 (non bene.)"<br />
h Pleurotus dimidiatus (Schaeff.) Murrill, Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10:35<br />
distans<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> distans (Pat.) Sacc. & Syd., Saccardo <strong>and</strong> Sydow 1899, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 14:70<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillariella</strong> distans Pat., Patouillard 1895, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France<br />
11:85<br />
accepted name:<br />
From the description, this <strong>species</strong> has a very small basidiome (0.5-1.5 cm<br />
diameter pileus, 3 cm long 6 mm wide stipe) <strong>and</strong> decurrent gills. In addition the<br />
drawing does not look like an <strong>Armillaria</strong>. No further information is available<br />
regarding this taxon.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
ditopa<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> ditopa Singer, Singer 1950, Schweiz. Zeits. Pilz. 28: 191<br />
accepted name: h Arthrosporella ditopa (Singer) Singer, Singer 1970, Flora<br />
Neotropica 3:17<br />
Singer 1962 Agaricales in Modem Taxonomy p. 257 says "with clavarioid<br />
conidial carpophores, otherwise much like a Clitocybe (except for clampless<br />
hyphae)"<br />
dryina<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> dryina (Pers.) P.Karst., Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den<br />
Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p.22<br />
basionym: Agaricus dryinus Pers., Persoon 1801, Synopsis Methodica Fungorum<br />
p. 478 nr. 427; Persoon cites Schaeffer t.233, but Schaeffer 1744 did not name<br />
the fungus, only numbered it<br />
accepted name: h Pleurotus dryinus (Pers.:Fr.) P.Kumm., Kummer 1871,<br />
Führ. Pilz. p.135<br />
h Agaricus (Pleurotus) dryinus Pers.:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. I p. 180<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> dryina (Pers.) P.Karst., Karsten 1881, Hymenomycetes Fennicae<br />
p.4<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> dimidiata (Schaeff.) J.Schröt. in E.Cohn, Cohn 1889,<br />
Kryptogamen-Flora von Schliesen 3 (1):667 q.v.<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> corticata (Fr.) P.Karst., Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den<br />
Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p.22 q.v.<br />
dulciolens, Tricholoma SEE occidentalis<br />
duplictia<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> duplicata (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:83<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) duplicatus Berk., Berkeley 1850, Hooker’s J.<br />
Bot. 2:45<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> duplicata (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 5:83; fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling 1981, Kavaka 10:68; fide Singer<br />
1970, Flora Neotropica 3: 16, this is a synonym <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> omnituens (Berk.)<br />
Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:84<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
51
52<br />
echinocephala<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> echinocephala (Vittad.) Locq., Locquin 1952, Bull. trimest. Soc.<br />
Mycol. France 68167. no description or indication <strong>of</strong> new sp. or comb.<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Amanita) echinocephalus Vittad., Vittadini 1835, Descr.<br />
Funghi Mang. 346<br />
accepted name: = Amanita solitaria (Bull.:Fr.) Mérat, Mérat 1836, Nouv. Fl.<br />
Envir. Paris 4e Ed. I: 121; fide Bas 1969, Persoonia 5:394--see Bas for other<br />
synonyms<br />
h Amanita echinocephala (Vittad.) Quél., Quélet 1872, Champ. Jura Vosques I<br />
in Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5: 321<br />
h Lepidella echinocephala (Vittad.) E.J. Gilbert, Gilbert 1925, Bull. Mycol.<br />
Soc. France 41:1925<br />
h Lepiota echinocephala (Vittad.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p.69<br />
h Amanita solitaria (Bull.:Fr.) Mérat var. echinocephala (Vittad.) Costantin &<br />
Dufour, Costantin <strong>and</strong> Dufour 1891, Nouvelle Flore des Champignons ed. 1<br />
(Paris, France: P.Dupont) p.3<br />
ectypa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> ectypa (Fr.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p. 59<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Clitocybe) ectypus Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc 1:108<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> ectypa (Fr.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> p. 59<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> ectypa (Fr.) Lamoure, Lamoure 1965, C.R. Hebd. Séanc, Acad.<br />
Sci. Paris 260: 4562, superflorus comb.<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> ectypa (Fr.) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme -<br />
d e -<br />
lska V<br />
Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p. 44, superfluous comb.<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> ectypa (Fr.) Singer, Singer 1943, Ann. Mycol. (Berlin) 41:20<br />
h Clitocybe ectypa (Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 172<br />
h Clitocybe ectypa (Fr.) Bigeard <strong>and</strong> Guillemin, Bigeard <strong>and</strong> Guillemin 1909,<br />
Flore des Champignons Supérieurs de France p. 120, superfluous comb.<br />
h Collybia ectypa (Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1888, Flore Mycologique p. 236<br />
Type not available from UPS. Until definitive cultural <strong>and</strong> mating studies are<br />
accomplished on this bog-inhabiting exannulate <strong>species</strong>, we must consider this as<br />
a separate <strong>species</strong> from <strong>Armillaria</strong> tabescens (Scop.) Emel, q.v.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
edodes<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> edodes (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:79<br />
basionym: Agaricus edodes Berk., Berkeley 1878, J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 16:50<br />
accepted name: h Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler, Pegler 1975, Kavaka 3:20;<br />
fide Pegler 1983, World Monogr. Lentinus p. 232; see Pegler for other<br />
synonyms.<br />
h Lentinus edodes (Rerk.) Singer, Singer 1933, Mycologia 33:451<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> edodes ss. J.Schröt. non Berk. h Cortinellus edodes (J.Schröt.<br />
non Berk.) Henn., Hennings 1900 [ as "(Berk.) P. Henn." ] ; nomen rej. fide<br />
Imai 1938, J. Fan. Agr., Hokkaido Imperial University 43:57-- Hennings<br />
“erroneously used [shiitake’s] name for ‘matsutake’ owing to the misidentification<br />
by Schröter putting too much weight on the incomplete brief diagnosis <strong>of</strong><br />
Berkeley without examining the type specimen.. . "<br />
elaeodes<br />
Amillariella sparrei Singer var. elaeodes Singer, Singer 1969, Beih. Nov.<br />
Hedw. 29:45<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon, but from the description<br />
this taxon probably belongs in <strong>Armillaria</strong>. Whether it is contaxic with any other<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> is unknown.<br />
elegans<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> elegans Beeli, Beeli 1927, Bull. Soc. R. Belgique 59:111<br />
accepted name: h Cystoderma elegans (Beeli) Thoen, Thoen 1969, Bull. Jard.<br />
Bot. Belg. 39:188; fide Pegler 1977, Kew Bull. addit. ser. 6:383;<br />
fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling 1981, Kavaka 10:69, this is a Cystoderma sp.<br />
NOT Clitocybe (<strong>Armillariella</strong>) elegans R.Heim, Heim 1963, Revue de Mycologie<br />
28(2):94, q.v.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
53
54<br />
elegans<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> elegans (R.Heim) J.B.Taylor, Hawkins & McLaren, Taylor et al.<br />
1974, Orchard New Zeal<strong>and</strong> 47 (2):56, invalid combination, (ICBN Art. 33.2,<br />
no basionym cited)<br />
basionym: Clitocybe (<strong>Armillariella</strong>) elegans R.Heim, Heim 1963, Revue de<br />
Mycologie 28(2):94<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> heimii Pegler, Pegler 1977, Kew Bull. addit. ser.<br />
6:92; nomen novum for this <strong>species</strong> since <strong>Armillaria</strong> elegans Beeli 1927 q.v. has<br />
nomenclatural priority.<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> fuscipes Petch, q.v.; fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling 1981, Kavaka<br />
10:69; fide Kile <strong>and</strong> Watling 1988, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 91: 311; fide<br />
Watling et al., 1992, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease p.5, but fide Kile et al. 1994,<br />
IUFRO 8:419 these are separate <strong>species</strong>; We are maintaining <strong>Armillaria</strong> heimii<br />
Pegler as a separate <strong>species</strong> until cultural <strong>and</strong> mating studies can be done with<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> fuscipes Petch.<br />
epigoea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> epigoea Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les. Hym. p. 75<br />
accepted name: = Oudemansiella laqueata (Fr.) C.L. Alessio, Alessio 1985,<br />
Micol. Ital. 14(1):19; fide Bigeard <strong>and</strong> Guillemin 1909, Flore des Champignons<br />
Supérieurs de France p. 73.<br />
erebia, Agrocybe SEE denigrata<br />
eurhiza<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> eurrhiza (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:85 (as A.<br />
eurhiza)<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) eurrhizus Berk., Berkeley 1847, L<strong>and</strong>. J. Bot.<br />
6:483<br />
accepted name: h Termitomyces eurrhizus (Berk.) R.Heim, Heim 1942, Arch.<br />
Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. VI, 18:140; fide Pegler 1977, Kew Bull. addit. ser. 6:290;<br />
fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling 1981, Kavaka 10:80; see Pegler 1977, loc. cit. for list<br />
<strong>of</strong> other synonyms.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
evanescens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> evanescens (Lovejoy) Murrill, Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10:37<br />
basionym: Catathelasma evanescens Lovejoy, Lovejoy 1910, Bot. Gazette<br />
50:384<br />
accepted name: h Catathelasma evanescens Lovejoy, Lovejoy 1910, loc. cit.<br />
= Catathelasma macrospora (Peck) Singer, Singer 1940, Rev. Mycol. 5:9; fide<br />
Kauffman 1923, Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 2: 61 [as "<strong>Armillaria</strong> macrospora" ] ;<br />
however, we prefer to maintain these as separate <strong>species</strong> for the time being, until<br />
type specimens can be examined together.<br />
exannulata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. exannulata Peck, Peck 1893, no<br />
indication <strong>of</strong> new var. or comb. NY State Mus. Rept. State Botanist 46:134<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> tabescens (Scop.) Emel q.v.; fide Singer 1970,<br />
Flora Neotropica 3:13; fide Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme - de - lska V Brné<br />
Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p. 32"probably identical to <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
socialis"<br />
exannulata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mucida (Schrad.:Fr.) Quél. var. exannulata Clel<strong>and</strong> & Cheel, Clel<strong>and</strong><br />
<strong>and</strong> Cheel 1919, Trans. Proc. Roy. Soc. S. Australia 43:266<br />
accepted name:<br />
probably belongs in the genus Oudemansiella, with O. mucida, q.v.<br />
favacea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mucida (Schrad.:Fr.) Quél. var. favacea Rick, Rick 1937, Lilloa<br />
1:316; see Rick 1961<br />
accepted name: = Oudemansiella canarii (Jungh.) Höhn., Höhnel 1909, Sitz.ber.<br />
Akad. Wiss. Wien 118:276; fide Singer 1953, Lilloa 26:67, Rick’s variety is<br />
a polyporoid-favoloid form <strong>of</strong> this <strong>species</strong>; fide Singer 1945, Mycologia 37:436<br />
fellea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> fellea (Hongo) Kile & Watling, Kile <strong>and</strong> Watling 1983, Trans. Brit.<br />
Mycol. Soc. 81 (1): 131<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillariella</strong> fellea Hongo, Hongo 1976, Rept. Tottori Mycol. Inst.<br />
14:97<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> fellea (Hongo) Kile & Watling, Kile <strong>and</strong> Watling<br />
1983, loc. cit.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
55
56<br />
fici<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> fici (Bernard) Bigeard & Guillemin, Bigeard <strong>and</strong> Guillemin 1913,<br />
Flore des Champignons Supérieurs de France 2: 32<br />
basionym: Omphalia fici Bernard, Bernard 1882, Champignons de LaRochelle,<br />
original not seen.<br />
accepted name:<br />
From the description this appears to be a Pleurotus <strong>species</strong>.<br />
flava<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. flava Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym.<br />
p. 84<br />
accepted name: nomen dubium; No further information is available regarding<br />
this taxon. There is no available type specimen <strong>and</strong> the description is too vague<br />
to be certain <strong>of</strong> which taxon is represented.<br />
floridana<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata (Viv.) Saw. var. floridana Murrill, Murrill 1945, J. Fl.<br />
Acad. Sci. 8(2):176<br />
accepted name:<br />
We examined the type specimen, along with Murrill’s associated notes <strong>and</strong><br />
Murrill’s correspondence with A.H. Smith, which reveals that this taxon is<br />
mycorrhizal <strong>and</strong> not an <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>. Both researchers considered this a<br />
smaller-spored southern variety <strong>of</strong> Tricholoma caligatum (Viv.) Ricken, q.v. [as<br />
"<strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata (Viv.) Saw. "]<br />
floridana<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> floridana Murrill, Murrill 1943, Mycologia 35:422<br />
accepted name: h Limacella floridana (Murrill) H.V. Smith, H.V. Smith 1944<br />
(1945), Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 30: 134<br />
NOT Tricholoma floridanum (Murrill) Murrill, Murrill 1944 (1945), Lloydia<br />
7:327 [= Melanoleuca floridana Murrill, loc. cit. p.306, alternative name in same<br />
publication]<br />
NOT Lentodium floridanum Murrill, Murrill 1943, Mycologia 35: 426 [ h<br />
Lentinus floridanus (Murrill) Murrill, alternative name in same publication],<br />
Murrill 1943, Mycologia 35: 426; = Ripartitella brasiliensis (Speg.) Singer,<br />
Singer 1949 (1951), Lilloa 22:452]; fide Pegler 1983, World Monogr. Lentinus<br />
p.235<br />
Note that Murrill used the epithet floridana in many other genera.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
focalis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> focalis (Fr.) P.Karst., Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den<br />
Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p. 18<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) focalis Fr., Fries 1838, Epicr. p. 20; Hym.<br />
Eur. p.40 (based on Sphaerocephalus rufus Battara, Battara 1755, t. 8 F, but<br />
Battara names are not accepted. ICBN Art.23.6(c) Ex. 10)<br />
accepted name: h Tricholoma focale (Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die<br />
Blätterpilze p. 332<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> zelleri Stuntz & A.H. Smith, Smith 1949, Mush. in their Natural<br />
Habitats p. 351; fide Clark Ovrebo (Pers. Comm) <strong>and</strong> Ovrebo 1980, A<br />
taxonomic study <strong>of</strong> the genus Tricholoma (Agaricales) in the Great Lakes region,<br />
Ph.D. thesis, University <strong>of</strong> Toronto, p. 177. see discussion under zelleri.<br />
= Tricholoma arenicola (Murrill) Murrill, Murrill 1912, Mycologia 4:223<br />
[= Melanoleuca arenicola Murrill, Murrill 1912, Mycologia 4:214, alternative<br />
name in same publication ]; fide Ovrebo, 1980, Ph.D. thesis Univ. <strong>of</strong> Toronto,<br />
p. 177; NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> arenicola Murrill, Murrill 1912, Mycologia 4:212, q.v.<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> rufa Quél., Quélet 1881, Jura Suppl. 10, in C.R. Ass. Fr. Av. Sci.<br />
9:661; fide Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p. 332; fide Lindau <strong>and</strong> Ulbrich 1928,<br />
Kryptogamenflora für Anfänger p. 351; fide Riva 1988, Fungi Europaei:<br />
Tricholoma p. 403.<br />
fomosana<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> matsutake S.Ito & S.Imai var. formosana Sawada, Sawada 1931,<br />
Descript. Cat. Formosa Fungi V in Dept Agricult. Gor. Res. Inst. Formosa<br />
Rept. nr. 51 p. 90 [ as "A.matsudake" ]<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon. If it is a true variety <strong>of</strong><br />
Tricholoma matsutake, q.v., it belongs in the genus Tricholoma.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
57
58<br />
fracida<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> fracida (Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 77<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) fracidus Fr., Fries 1838, Epicr. p. 25; [based<br />
on Chamaemyces odoratus Battara, Battara 1755, t.7 E, but Battara names not<br />
accepted, see ICBN art.23.6(c) Ex. 10; fide Donk 1962 Beih. Nova Hedwigia<br />
5:48, Fries 1838, loc. cit., cited this <strong>species</strong> as the basis for his <strong>species</strong>, but<br />
never saw the <strong>species</strong> himself; fide Donk 1962 loc. cit. this is a nomen novum<br />
for Agaricus mucidus sensu Secr.]<br />
accepted name: h Chaemaemyces fracidus (Fr.) Donk, Donk 1962, Beih. Nova<br />
Hedw. 5:48<br />
h Collybia mucida (Schrad.:Fr.) Ricken f. fracida (Fr.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le<br />
genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.76, published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN<br />
Art. 34.1(b)<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> fracida (Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:54,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
= Lepiota irrorata Quél., Quélet 1882, C.r. Ass. Franc. Av. Sci. 11:387, q.v.;<br />
fide Moser 1983, Keys to Agarics <strong>and</strong> Boleti; fide Donk 1962 Beih. Nova<br />
Hedwigia 5:48<br />
fracticia<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> fracticia (Britzelm.) Sacc., Saccardo 1895, Sylloge Fungorum 21:22<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) fracticus Britzelm., Britzelmayr 1893; Hym.<br />
Südbayrn tab 111 fig. 568<br />
accepted name: = Tricholoma subannulatum (Batsch) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die<br />
Blätterpilze p.333; fide Gulden 1992, Nordic Macromycetes 2: 186.; fide Kreisel<br />
1984, Feddes. Repert. 95 (9-10): 700; fide Stangl <strong>and</strong> Bresinsky, 1967, Zeits.<br />
Pilz. 33:33; see discussion under subannulatum.<br />
h Tricholoma fracticum (Britzelm.) H. Kreisel, Kreisel 1984, Feddes. Repert.<br />
95 (9-10): 700<br />
= Tricholoma batschii Gulden, Gulden 1969, Musseronflora Slekten. Tricholoma<br />
(Fr. ex Fr.) Kummer sensu lato (Agaricales) Oslo-Bergen-Tromse; see discussion<br />
under subannulatum<br />
NOT Tricholoma subannulatum (Murrill) Keller, Keller 1922, Mycologia 19:<br />
187; see discussion under subannulatum.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
fulgens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> fulgens (Cooke & Massee) Sacc., Saccardo 1891, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
9:12<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) fulgens Cooke & Massee, Cooke & Massee<br />
1889, Grev. 18:2<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon. Described from<br />
Australia, but Kile <strong>and</strong> Watling 1983, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 81:129-140, do<br />
not treat this <strong>species</strong>.<br />
fumosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> fumosa Kile & Watling, Kile <strong>and</strong> Watling 1983, Trans. Brit. Mycol.<br />
Soc. 81 (1): 129<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> fumosa Kile & Watling, Kile <strong>and</strong> Watling 1983,<br />
loc. cit.<br />
furnacea, Limacella SEE irreperta, megalopus, <strong>and</strong> scruposa<br />
fusca<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> fusca Mitchel & A.H. Smith, Mitchel <strong>and</strong> Smith 1976, Mycotaxon 4<br />
(2): 527<br />
accepted name: h Flocculuria fusca (Mitchel & A.H. Smith) Bon, Bon 1990,<br />
Documents Mycologiques 20 (79): 57<br />
fuscipes<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> fuscipes Petch, Petch 1909, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gdn. Peradeniya 4:299<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> fuscipes Petch, Petch 1909, loc. cit.<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> heimii Pegler, Pegler 1977, Kew Bull. addit. ser. 6: 92; fide<br />
Watling et al., 1992, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease p.5, but see comments under<br />
A.heimii<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> fuscipes (Petch) Singer, Singer 1943, Ann. Mycol. 41:20<br />
fide R. Watling (Pers. Comm.) A.fuscipes is possibly the same as <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. camerunsis Henn., Hennings 1895, Fungi<br />
camerun. I in Engl. Jahrb. 22: 107, but we prefer to maintain them as separate<br />
<strong>species</strong> until cultural <strong>and</strong> mating studies can be done. See additional discussion<br />
under camerunensis.<br />
fuscopallidus, Agaricus SEE mellea<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
59
60<br />
gallica<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> gallica Marxmüller & Romagn., Marxmüller <strong>and</strong> Romagnesi 1987,<br />
Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 103:152<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> gallica Marxmüller & Romagn., Marxmüller <strong>and</strong><br />
Romagnesi 1987, loc. cit. ; fide Marxmüller 1992, Mycotaxon 44:272, <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
gallica Marxmüller & Romagn. is the only name that can unequivocally be<br />
assigned to European Biological Species E <strong>and</strong> NABS VII. See Marxmüller 1992,<br />
Mycotaxon 44:270-272 for an extensive discussion <strong>of</strong> this problem.<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> bulbosa sensu Romagnesi; fide Marxmüller 1992, Mycotaxon<br />
44:270, this name has been misapplied, <strong>and</strong> the <strong>species</strong> described <strong>and</strong> collected<br />
by Romagnesi is identical to <strong>Armillaria</strong> gallica Marxmüller & Romagn.,<br />
Marxmüller & Romagnesi 1987, loc. cit.<br />
= Agaricus melleus Vahl sensu Bolton 1791, History Fung. Halifax plate 141;<br />
fide Watling et al. 1982 Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 78:271-285, this is a nonyellow<br />
form <strong>of</strong> A.gallica [ as "A.bulbosa sensu Romagnesi" q.v.]<br />
Korhonen Species E (EBS E), North American Biological Species VII<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> lutea Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 83, is a name adopted for EBS<br />
E <strong>and</strong> NABS VII by Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30: 108; fide<br />
Marxmüller 1992, Mycotaxon 44:270, it is unclear which <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong> is<br />
represented by Gillet’s description <strong>and</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> lutea should be considered a<br />
nomen ambiguum. See also discussion under lutea.<br />
gemina<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> gemina Bérubé & Dessur., Bérubé & Dessurealt 1989, Mycologia<br />
81(2):217<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> gemina Bérubé & Dessur., Bérubé & Dessurealt<br />
1989, loc. cit.<br />
North American Biological Species II<br />
gibba, Clitocybe SEE australis<br />
gigantea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> gigantea Yasuda, Yasuda 1918, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 32:204 in Japanese;<br />
redescribed in Yasuda 1922, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 36:90<br />
acsepted name: = Catathelasma ventricosa (Peck) Singer, Singer 1940, Rev.<br />
Mycologic 5:9; fide Imai 1938, Jour. Fac. Agric. Hokkaido Univ 43:53<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
gigantea<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Karst. f. gigantea Wichanský, Wichanský<br />
1963, C.C.H. mykol. Sborn. 40:71<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon.<br />
gilvidula<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> gilvidula Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p. 25.<br />
accepted name:<br />
h Tricholoma gilvidulum (Emel) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.75,<br />
published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN Art. 34.1(b)<br />
From the description, this does not appear to be an <strong>Armillaria</strong> because <strong>of</strong> its<br />
spherical spores <strong>and</strong> half-free lamellae. Emel placed it in the group <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
<strong>species</strong> now in Tricholoma, i.e. with T. robustum, T. caligatum, etc. at the end<br />
<strong>of</strong> the same work in which he described the <strong>species</strong> as new. No further<br />
information is available regarding this taxon.<br />
glabra<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. glabra Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym.<br />
p. 84<br />
accepted name: nomen dubium. There is no available type specimen <strong>and</strong> the<br />
description is too vague to be certain <strong>of</strong> which taxon is represented. Herink 1973,<br />
Vysoká Skola Zeme -<br />
de - lska V Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p. 32,<br />
indicates that Gillet’s description probably represents one or more <strong>of</strong> the other<br />
taxa in which scales, fibrils etc. have been washed <strong>of</strong>f by rain.<br />
glaucescens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata (Viv.) Sacc. var. glaucescens A.H. Smith, Smith 1979, Beih.<br />
Sydowia 8:372<br />
accepted name:<br />
A mycorrhizal former, unlike <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>, not a wood rotter. If this is a<br />
true variety <strong>of</strong> Tricholoma caligatum (Viv.) Ricken, q.v., it belongs in the genus<br />
Tricholoma<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
61
62<br />
glioderma<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> glioderma (Fr.) Quél., Quél. 1875, Quél. Champ. Jura Vosques I in<br />
Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:541<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Lepiota) gliodermus Fr., Fries 1852, Fr. Vet. Ac.<br />
Förh<strong>and</strong>l. p. ?? (blank in Monogr.!); Original not seen, cited in Fries 1857,<br />
Monogr. I p. 15 not orig descr.<br />
accepted name: h Limacella glioderma (Fr.) Maire, R. Maire 1924, Bull. Soc.<br />
Mycol. France 40 (4): 294.<br />
fide H.V. Smith 1944 (1945), Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 30:143, the combination is<br />
Limacella glioderma (Fr.) Earle, Earle 1909, Bull. NY Bot. Garden 5447; but<br />
Earle did not make this combination.<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> glioderma (Fr.) Lange, Lange 1935, Flora Agaricina Danica I:41,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
h Lepiota glioderma (Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 73<br />
h Lepiota glioderma (Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:70,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> graveolens Murrill, Murrill 1943, Mycologia 35:422; fide H.V.<br />
Smith 1944 (1945), Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 30:143; see this reference for other<br />
synonyms.<br />
goliath<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> goliath (Fr.) S.Lundell & Nannf., Lundell <strong>and</strong> Nannfeldt 1949, Fungi<br />
Exsiccati Suec. nr. 1706<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Tricholoma) focalis Fr. var. goliath Fr., Fries 1854, Mon.<br />
Armill. Suec. p.4<br />
accepted name: = Tricholoma nauseosum (A.Blytt) Kytöv., Kytövuori 1988<br />
(1989), Karstenia 28(2):69; fide Kytövuori 1988 (1989) loc. cit.<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> focalis (Fr.) P.Karst. var. goliath (Fr.) P.Karst., Karsten 1879,<br />
Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p. 19<br />
h Tricholoma focale (Fr.) Ricken var. goliath (Fr.) Bon, Bon 1976, Documents<br />
Mycologique 6:273<br />
= Tricholoma focale (Fr.) Ricken var. pseudocaligatum Bon, Bon 1984,<br />
Encyclopédia Mycologique 36: 274; fide Kytövuori 1988 (1989), Karstenia<br />
28(2):69<br />
gracilor, Amanita SEE beillii<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
granosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> granosa (Morgan) Kauffman, Kauffman 1923, Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci.<br />
2:60<br />
basionym: Agaricus granosus Morgan, Morgan 1883, J. Cincinnati Soc. Nat.<br />
Hist. 6:63<br />
accepted name: h Cystoderma granosum (Morgan) A.H. Smith & Singer,<br />
Smith <strong>and</strong> Singer 1944 (1945), Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 30: 118<br />
h Lepiota granosa (Morgan) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:48<br />
granulosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> granulosa (Batsch:Fr.) Kauffman, Kauffman 1923, Pap. Mich. Acad.<br />
Sci. 2:60<br />
basionym: Agaricus granulosus Batsch, Batsch 1783, Elenchus Fungorum p.79<br />
accepted name: h Cystoderma granulosa (Batsch:Fr.) Fayod, Fayod 1889,<br />
Prodrome, Amt. SC. Nat. Bot. VII 9:351<br />
h Agaricus granulosus Batsch:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. 1:24<br />
h Lepiota granulosa (Batsch:Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1872, Champ. Jura Vosques I in<br />
Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:73<br />
h Lepiota granulosa (Batsch:Fr.) McIlvaine & Macadam, McIlvaine <strong>and</strong><br />
Macadam 1900, One-thous<strong>and</strong> American fungi p.49, superfluous comb.<br />
h Lepiota granulosa (Batsch:Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p. 327,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> granulosa Velen., Velenovský 1947, Novitates Mycol. 4: 57,<br />
q.v.<br />
granulosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> granulosa Velen., Velenovský 1947, Novitates Mycol. 4: 57;<br />
illegitimate ICBN Art. 64.1, later homonym <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> granulosa (Batsch:Fr.)<br />
Kauffman q.v.<br />
accepted name: = Cystoderma terreii (Berk. & Broome) Harmaja, Harmaja<br />
1978, Karstenia 18:29-30 [= Cystoderma cinnabarinum (Alb. & Schwein.)<br />
Fayod, q.v.]; fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30:107; fide<br />
Antonín 1990, Acta Mus Moraviae Sci. Nat. 75:130<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> granulosa (Batsch:Fr.) Kauffman, Kauffman 1923, Pap. Mich.<br />
Acad. Sci. 2:60, q.v.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
63
64<br />
granulosoides<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> granulosoides Zeller, Zeller 1933, Mycologia 25:377<br />
accepted name: probably a Cystoderma (see below)<br />
h Lepiota granulosoides (Zeller) Zeller, Zeller 1933, Mycologia 25:377<br />
Zeller 1933, loc. cit., says "with close affinities to A.granulosa Fr. ", so this<br />
<strong>species</strong> probably belongs in the genus Cystoderma with that <strong>species</strong>.<br />
graveolens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> graveolens Murrill, Murrill 1943, Mycologia 35:422<br />
accepted name: = Limacella glioderma (Fr.) Maire, Maire 1924, Bull. Soc.<br />
Mycol. France 40 (4): 294; fide H.V. Smith 1944 (1945), Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci.<br />
30:143<br />
grise<strong>of</strong>usca<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> grise<strong>of</strong>usca (DC:Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les. Hym. p.82<br />
basionym: Agaricus grise<strong>of</strong>uscus DC, deC<strong>and</strong>olle 1815, Flore Francais 6:52<br />
accepted name: nomen dubium fide Watling et al. 1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease<br />
p. 6; = <strong>Armillaria</strong> mori (Paulet:Fr.) Sacc. q.v.; fide Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola<br />
Zeme ∨<br />
de ∨<br />
lska V Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p. 42<br />
h Agaricus grise<strong>of</strong>uscus DC:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Mycol. I p. 29<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> grise<strong>of</strong>usca (DC:Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
5:82, superfluous comb.<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> grise<strong>of</strong>usca (DC:Fr.) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola<br />
Zeme ∨<br />
de ∨<br />
lska V Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p. 42, superfluous<br />
comb.<br />
griseomellea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> griseomellea (Singer) Kile & Watling, Kile <strong>and</strong> Watling 1983, Trans.<br />
Brit. Mycol. Soc. 81 (1):131<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillariella</strong> griseomellea Singer, Singer 1969, Beih. Nova Hedwigia<br />
29:40<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> griseomellea (Singer) Kile & Watling, Kile <strong>and</strong><br />
Watling 1983, loc. cit.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
guernisaci<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> guernisaci (Crouan in Gillet) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre Amillaria<br />
p.35<br />
basionym: Tricholoma guernisaci Crouan in Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 95<br />
accepted name:<br />
Probably belongs in the genus Tricholoma; fide Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
p.35 this <strong>species</strong> is closely related to Tricholoma colossum, q.v.; fide Bigeard <strong>and</strong><br />
Guillemin (1909) Flore des Champignons Supérieurs de France p. 71, this<br />
<strong>species</strong> is identical to Tricholoma colossum (Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1872, Quélet<br />
Champ. Jura Vosques I in Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:76 [as "<strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
colossa (Fr.) Boud.," q.v.]<br />
guttata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> causetta (Barla) Emel var. guttata (Fr.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> p.27.<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) guttatus Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. I p. 27<br />
accepted name: = Limacella lenticularis (Lasch) Maire, Maire 1924, Bull. Soc.<br />
Mycol. France 40: 294; fide H.V. Smith 1944 (1945), Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci.<br />
30: 140, this combination is indicated as "Limacella lenticularis (Lasch) Earle,"<br />
Earle 1909, Bull. NY Bot. Garden 5:447, but Earle did not make this<br />
combination.<br />
h Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) guttatus Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. I p. 27<br />
h Limacella guttata (Fr.) Konrad & Maubl., Konrad <strong>and</strong> Maublanc 1924, Icones<br />
Selectae fungorum I pl. 9. See also the epithet causetta above.<br />
h Lepiota guttata (Pem.:Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1876 (1877), Bull. Soc. Mycol.<br />
France 23:325<br />
gymnopodia<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> gymnopodia (Bull.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.52<br />
basionym: Agaricus gymnopodius Bull., Bulliard 1809, t. 601 f. I<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> tabescens (Scop.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> p.50; fide Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.52; fide Bresadola 1900,<br />
Fungi Tridentini II fast. 14 p. 251.<br />
h Clitocybe gymnopodia (Bull.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les. Hym. p. 162<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
65
66<br />
haematites<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> haematites (Berk. & Broome) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 5:77<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) haematites Berk. & Broome, Berkeley &<br />
Broome 1878, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. Ser. 5, 1:18<br />
accepted name: h Cystoderma haematites (Berk. & Broome) Kühner & Maire,<br />
Kühner & Maire 1924, Icones selectae fungorum v. 3 pl. 237; fide Wasser 1979,<br />
Fungorum rariorum icones coloratae 10; fide Walter J. Sundberg, SIU, Pers.<br />
Comm.<br />
h Lepiota haematites (Berk. & Broome) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze<br />
p. 328 ; Ricken cites this as "Berk.--Bres.", but Bresadola left this <strong>species</strong> in<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> (Bresadola 1892, Fungi Tridentini 2: tab. 107)<br />
h Lepiota haematites (Berk. & Broome) Pearson & Dennis, Pearson <strong>and</strong> Dennis<br />
1948, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 31:149, superthtous comb.<br />
fide Kauffman 1924, Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 4:317, this is <strong>Armillaria</strong> haematites<br />
(Berk.) Bres., but Saccardo’s (1887) combination was earlier than Bresadola’s<br />
(1892)<br />
hapalosclerus, Pleurotus SEE apalosclerus<br />
heimii<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> heimii Pegler, Pegler 1977, Kew Bull. Addit. Ser. 6:92<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> heimii Pegler, Pegler 1977, loc. cit.; fide Kile et<br />
al. 1994, IUFRO 8:419<br />
h nomen novum for Clitocybe elegans R.Heim, Heim 1963, Rev. Mycol. 28:94<br />
q.v., since <strong>Armillaria</strong> elegans Beeli 1927, q.v., has nomenclatural priority.<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> fuscipes Petch, Petch 1909, Ann. Roy. Bot. Gdn. Peradeniya<br />
4:299; fide Kile <strong>and</strong> Watling 1988, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 91: 311; fide<br />
Watling et al. 1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease p. 5; however, we maintain these<br />
as separate <strong>species</strong> until cultural <strong>and</strong> mating studies can be done with the two<br />
<strong>species</strong>. see also Kile et al. 1994, IUFRO 8:419<br />
hinnulea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> hinnulea Kile & Watling, Kile <strong>and</strong> Watling 1983, Trans. Brit. Mycol.<br />
Soc. 81 (1): 131<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> hinnulea Kile & Watling, Kile <strong>and</strong> Watling 1983,<br />
loc. cit.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
horrens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> horrens (Berk.) Sacc, Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:82<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) horrens Berk., Berkeley 1850, Hook. J. Bot.<br />
Kew Gdn. Misc. 2:44<br />
accepted name: nomen rej. fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling 1981, Kavaka 10:70,<br />
single specimen too badly preserved<br />
hymenocephala<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> hymenocephala (A.H. Smith & Hesler) Singer, Singer 1949 (1951),<br />
Lilloa 22:217<br />
basionym: Hygrophorus hymenocephalus A.H. Smith & Hesler, Smith <strong>and</strong><br />
Hesler 1940, J. Elisha. Mitch. Soc. 56:311<br />
accepted name: h Hygrophorus hymenocephalus A.H. Smith & Hesler., Smith<br />
<strong>and</strong> Hesler 1940, J. Elisha. Mitch. Soc. 56:311; fide Hesler <strong>and</strong> Smith 1963,<br />
North American Species <strong>of</strong> Hygrophorus p. 103<br />
h Camarophyllus hymenocephalus (A.H. Smith & Hesler) M.Lange, Lange<br />
1950, Friesia 4: l-2<br />
h Hygrotrama hymenocephalum (A.H. Smith & Hesler) Singer, Singer 1959,<br />
Sydowia 12:222<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
67
68<br />
imperialis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> imperialis (Fr. in Lund) Quél., Quélet 1872, Quél. Champ. Jura<br />
Vosques I in Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:75<br />
basionym: Agaricus imperialis Fr. in Lund, Lund 1846, Conspectus Hymen.<br />
Holmiam p. 5<br />
accepted name: h Catathelasma imperialis (Fr.) Singer, Singer 1940, Rev.<br />
Mycol. 5:10<br />
h Biannularia imperialis (Fr. in Lund) G. Beck, Beck 1922, Pilz- und<br />
Kräuterfreund 5:231<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> imperialis (Fr. in Lund) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, superfluous comb.<br />
h Clitocybe imperialis (Fr. in Lund) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze<br />
p.361<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> imperialis (Fr. in Lund) P.Karst., Karsten 1893, Kritisk<br />
Öfversigt af Finl<strong>and</strong>s Basidsvampar Tillägg II, 2virg p.4<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> imperialis (Fr. in Lund) P.Karst., Karsten 1879, Hattsv. I p.20,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
h Mastoleucomyces imperialis (Fr. in Lund) O. Kuntze, Kuntze 1891, Rev.<br />
Gen. 2:861<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> nobilis Murrill, Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10:38; fide<br />
Kauffman 1923, Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 2:59<br />
imperialis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> imperialis Peck, cited in Hay 1907, Bull. Nat. Hist. Soc. New<br />
Brunswick 5:115 as "A.imperialis (?) Peck" ; no ind. <strong>of</strong> new sp. or comb;<br />
basionym:<br />
accepted name: nomen dubium. Taxon does not exist-- Peck never proposed this<br />
<strong>species</strong>, fide Partha Bannerjee (NY State Museum, pers. comm.)<br />
impolitus, Agaricus SEE rhacophora<br />
inflata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> inflata Velen., Velenovský 1920, C ∨<br />
eské Houby, Dil II:283<br />
accepted name: nomen ambiguum fide Marxmüller 1992 Mycotaxon 44:271;<br />
nomen ambiguum fide Antonín 1990, Acta Mus Moraviae Sci. Nat. 75:130<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
inodora<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata (Viv.) Gillet var. inodora A.H. Smith, Smith 1934, Pap.<br />
Mich. Acad. Sci. 19:206<br />
accepted name:<br />
mycorrhizal, not an <strong>Armillaria</strong>; If this is a true variety <strong>of</strong> the <strong>species</strong>, it belongs<br />
in the genus Tricholoma.<br />
irreperta<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> irreperta Bernard, Bernard 1919, Annales Soc. Hist. Nat. La<br />
Rochelle, 1919, suppl.<br />
accepted name: = Limacella furnacea (Letell.) E.J. Gilbert, La Spore Champ.<br />
p, 96; fide Gilbert 1928, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 44:165<br />
irrorata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> irrorata (Quél.) Lange, Lange 1935, Flora Agaricina Danica I:41<br />
basionym: Lepiota irrorata Quél., Quélet 1882, C.r. Ass. Franc. Av. Sci.<br />
11:387<br />
accepted name: = Chaemaemyces fracidus (Fr.) Donk, Donk 1962, Beih. Nova<br />
Hedw. 5: 48; fide Moser 1983, Keys to Agarics <strong>and</strong> Boleti p. 239; fide Singer<br />
1986, Agaricales p. 502.<br />
h Drosella irrorata (Quél.) Kühner & Maire, Kühner & Maire 1934, Bull<br />
trimest. Soc. Mycol. France 50:15<br />
h Lepiotella irrorata (Quél.) Singer [ as "(Fr.) Gilb." ], Singer 1936, Ann.<br />
Mycol. Berlin 34:338.<br />
japonica<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> japonica (Kawam.) S.Imai, Imai 1938, Jour. Fac. Agric Hokkaido<br />
Univ XLIII p. 52<br />
basionym: Pleurotus japonicus Kawam., Kawamura 1915, Jour. Sci. Coll.<br />
Tokyo Imp. Univ. Vol. 35 (3):2<br />
accepted name: h Lampteromyces japonicus (Kawam.) Singer, Singer 1947,<br />
Mycologia 39: 79.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
69
70<br />
jasonis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> jasonis (Cooke & Massee) Sacc., Saccardo 1891, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
9: 12<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) jasonis Cooke & Massee, Cooke & Massee<br />
1887, Grev. 16:77<br />
accepted name: h Cystoderma jasonis (Cooke & Massee) Harmaja, Harmaja<br />
1978, Karstenia 18(l): 29<br />
= Cystoderma amianthinum (Scop.:Fr.) Fayod var. longisporum Kühner ex<br />
Kühner; fide Harmaja 1978, Harmaja 1978, Bull. Soc. Linn. Lyon 38:185<br />
javanica<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. javanica Henn., Hennings 1899,<br />
Monsunia I:20<br />
accepted name:<br />
According to Hennings’ description this is a small form <strong>of</strong> A.mellea s.1. No<br />
further information is available regarding this taxon.<br />
jezoensis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> jezoensis Cha & Igarashi, in Cha, Sung <strong>and</strong> Igarashi 1994,<br />
Mycoscience 35: 42<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> jezoensis Cha & Igarashi, in Cha, Sung <strong>and</strong><br />
Igarashi 1994, loc. cit.<br />
kuraiana<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> kuraiana Pilát, Pilát 1933 (1934), Bull. trimest Soc. Mycol. France<br />
49:279<br />
accepted name:<br />
Pilát 1933, lot. cit. says related to "<strong>Armillaria</strong> robusta", but lamellae serrated<br />
like a Lentinus, type specimen sterile.<br />
Description indicates affinities with Tricholoma or Lentinus, not an <strong>Armillaria</strong>.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
laqueata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> laqueata (Fr.) P.Karst., Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den<br />
Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p.23<br />
basionym: h Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) laqueatus Fr., Fries 1838, Epicr. p.24<br />
[ based on Leucomyces pileolodeorsum luxuriante Battara, Battara 1755 t. 10 C,<br />
but Battara names are not accepted. ICBN Art.23.6(c) Ex. 10]<br />
accepted name: h Oudemansiella laqueata (Fr.) Alessio, Alessio 1985, Micol.<br />
Ital. 14(1):19; fide IF 5:443, unaccepted basionym cited, but treated as<br />
bibliographic error, ICBN Art. 33.2<br />
h Collybia laqueata Fr. ex Quél., Quélet 1886, Enchiridion 1886: 27, not seen:<br />
as cited in Alessio loc. cit.<br />
h Collybia laqueata (Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1915, Die Blätterpilze p.401,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> laqueata (Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:85,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
laricina<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> laricina (Bolton:Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:81<br />
basionym: Agaricus luricinus Bolton, Bolton 1788, History Fung. Halifax t.19<br />
accepted name: nomen ambiguum fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987,<br />
Mycotaxon 30: 108. They say the plate looks like abnormal, misshapen<br />
basidiocarps, <strong>and</strong> it is unclear which taxon is represented; fide Emel 1921, Le<br />
genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p. 47, Bolton’s plate represents a monstrosity <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
mellea s.1.<br />
h Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) laricinus Bolton:Fr., Fries 1874, Hym. Eur. p. 44<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. laricina (Bolton) Barla, Barla<br />
1887, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 2:143<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (VahhFr.) P.Kumm. var. luricina (Bolton) W.G. Smith,<br />
Smith 1908, Synopsis British Basidiomycetes p. 30, superfluous comb.<br />
h Collybia mellea (Vahl:Fr.) Emel f. laricina (Bolton:Fr.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le<br />
genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.76, published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN<br />
Art. 34.1(b)<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
71
72<br />
laschi<br />
Amillaria laschi (Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 82<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) laschii Fr., Fries 1838, Epicr. p. 22<br />
accepted name: h Clitocybe laschii (Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze<br />
p.362 ; fide Fries 1838, loc. cit., this <strong>species</strong> has "affinities to Agaricus nebularis<br />
<strong>and</strong> A. geotropus," both <strong>of</strong> which are now considered members <strong>of</strong> the genus<br />
Clitocybe. C.laschii was not treated by Bigelow (1982, 1985).<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> laschi (Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:79,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
Note spelling change in number <strong>of</strong> i’s<br />
Fries 1838, Epicr p. 22 apparently described this <strong>species</strong> from material sent to<br />
him by Lasch.<br />
lenticularis, Limacella SEE guttatus<br />
lepideus, Neolentinus (or Lentinus) SEE rhagadiosa<br />
lepiota<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> lepiota (Alb. & Schwein.) J.Schröt. in E.Cohn, Cohn 1889,<br />
Kryptogamen-Flora von Schliesen 3 (1):667<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Pleurotus) lepiota Alb. & Schwein., Albertini <strong>and</strong><br />
Schweinitz 1805, Conspectns Fungorum p. 229<br />
accepted name:<br />
= Agaricus Pleurotus L.; fide J.Schröt. in E.Cohn 1889, loc. cit.<br />
= Pleurotus albertinii (Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:340; fide<br />
Saccardo 1887, loc. cit.; fide J.Schröt. in Cohn 1889, loc. cit. (as Agaricus<br />
albertinii Fr.)<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon.<br />
limonea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> limonea (G.Stev.) Boesew., Boesewinkel 1977, N.Z. J. agric. Res. 20<br />
(4): 585<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillariella</strong> limonea G.Siev., Stevenson 1964, Kew Bull. 19(1):13<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> limonea (G.Stev.) Boesew., Boesewinkel 1977,<br />
loc. cit.<br />
longisporium, Cystoderma amianthinum var. SEE amianthinum, jasonis<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
lutea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> lutea Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 83<br />
accepted name: nomen ambiguum fide Marxmüller 1992, Mycotaxon 44:272,<br />
there is no type specimen <strong>and</strong> the taxon described could represent a number <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>; In addition, Bigeard <strong>and</strong> Guillemin 1909, Flore des<br />
Champignons Supérieurs de France p. 72 considered <strong>Armillaria</strong> lutea Gillet a<br />
synonym <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> luteovirens, q.v.. Since they probably were acquainted<br />
with the tradition <strong>of</strong> Gillet’s name, this provides further reason for considering<br />
this a nomen ambiguum.<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Karst. var. lutea (Gillet) Konrad & Maubl.,<br />
Konrad <strong>and</strong> Maublanc 1933, Icones Selectae Fungorum pl. 279; Konrad <strong>and</strong><br />
Maublanc 1933, loc. cit., cite both Agaricus annularius luteus Secr. (Secretan<br />
1833, Mycogr. Suisse 1:50) <strong>and</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> lutea Gillet (mis-cited as Gillet 1878,<br />
Champ. Fr. p. 88) as synonyms. In any case, the fungus pictured by Konrad <strong>and</strong><br />
Maublanc, loc. cit. appears to match very well with <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea sensu<br />
stricto.<br />
NOT Agaricus annularius luteus Secr., Secretan 1833, Mycogr. Suisse 1:50;<br />
Gillet 1874, loc. cit., did not mention Secretan’s <strong>species</strong>, but later (1884, loc.<br />
cit.) cited Secretan as the authority for the epithet lutea. see below.<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. lutea (Secr.) Gillet, Gillet<br />
1884, Tableaux Anal. des Hym. p. 13; note that Gillet did not consider <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
lutea as a separate <strong>species</strong> in this publication; in Gillet’s key this variety has a<br />
yellow veil while the typical form has a white veil.<br />
Curiously, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong>, did not mention <strong>Armillaria</strong> lutea<br />
Gillet, although he cited, described, <strong>and</strong> accepted most <strong>of</strong> Gillet’s other <strong>species</strong> in<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong>.<br />
luteobubalina<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> luteobubalina Watling & Kile, in Podger, Kile, Watling <strong>and</strong> Fryer<br />
1978, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 71 (1): 79<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> luteobubalina Watling & Kile, in Podger, Kile,<br />
Watling <strong>and</strong> Fryer 1978, loc. cit.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
73
74<br />
luteovirens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> luteovirens (Alb. & Schwein.: Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 5:75<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Gymnopodes) luteovirens Alb. & Schwein., Albertini <strong>and</strong><br />
Schweinitz 1805, Conspectus Fungorum p. 168 (as luteo-virens)<br />
accepted name: h Floccularia luteovirens (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Pouzar,<br />
Pouzar 1957, C -<br />
eská Mykol. 11: 49; fide Bas 1969, Persoonia 5:567<br />
h Agaricus (Tricholoma) luteovirens Alb. & Schwein.:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst.<br />
Mycol. I: 41<br />
= Agaricus stramineus Krombh., Krombholz 1836, Naturget. Abb. Schwämme<br />
Taf. 25, Bild 8-14, p. 12-13; fide Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:75<br />
h Gyrophila luteovirens (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1887, C.R. Ass.<br />
Fr. Av. Sci. 15(2):484<br />
h Amanita luteovirens (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Moser in Gams, Gams 1955, Kl.<br />
Kryptogfl. IIb 2. Aufl., 128 (not validly published), fide Bar 1969, Persoonia<br />
5:567<br />
h Cortinellus luteovirens (Alb. & Schwein.) P.Karst., Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s,<br />
Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p. 26<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> lutea Gillet, sensu Bigeard <strong>and</strong> Guillemin 1909, Flore des<br />
Champignons Supérieurs de France p. 72. see discussion under lutea<br />
h Tricholoma luteovirens (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die<br />
Blätterpilze p.330 (later homonym <strong>of</strong> Tricholoma luteovirens Gillet, Gillet 1874,<br />
Les Hym. p. 110, q.v.)<br />
NOT Tricholoma luteovirens Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hymen. p. 110<br />
Remarks: This <strong>species</strong> is commonly cited as "<strong>Armillaria</strong> luteovirens (Alb. &<br />
Schwein.:Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874" (e.g. Singer 1962, Agaricales p. 304;<br />
Ch<strong>and</strong>ra 1989, Elsevier’s Dictionary <strong>of</strong> Edible Mushrooms p. 16) but this<br />
combination was never made by Gillet; he described Tricholoma luteovirens<br />
Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 110, with no reference to Fries’s <strong>species</strong>,<br />
although other Friesian <strong>species</strong> are indicated on that page.<br />
lutinicola<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> lutinicola (Lasch) Sacc. & Trotter, Saccardo <strong>and</strong> Trotter 1912, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 21: 864<br />
basionym: Agaricus lutinicolus Lasch, Lasch 1853, Kl. Herb. Viv. Myc. nr.<br />
1707, Flora 1855, p.200. Klotzsch 1853-4-5 TL-2:570<br />
accepted name:<br />
Saccardo <strong>and</strong> Trotter 1912, loc. cit. cite this in their Appendix as "? <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
lutinicola Lasch" --No further information is available regarding this taxon.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
macrorhiza<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> macrorhiza (Sacc.) Jacobasch, Jacobasch 1896, Verh. Bot. Ver. Prov.<br />
Br<strong>and</strong>. 38:LXI<br />
basionym: Tricholoma macrorhizum Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
5:105, treated as nomen novum; based on Agaricus macrorhizus Lasch, see<br />
below; see discussion in Bon 1985, Documents Mycologique 15:42.<br />
accepted name: h Porpoloma macrorhizum (Sacc.) Bon, Bon 1990, Documents<br />
Mycologiques 20 (78):38 [ as "(Lasch --> Sacc.) Bon" ]<br />
h Agaricus macrorhizus Lasch, Lasch 1828, Linnaea 3: 396 nr. 240. Illegitimate<br />
ICBN Art. 64.1, later homonym <strong>of</strong> Agaricus macrorhizus Pers., Persoon 1796,<br />
Obs. Myc. 1:47<br />
h Agaricus macrorhizus Lasch ex. Fr., Fries 1874, Hym. Eur. p.58, illegitimate<br />
ICBN Art. 64.1, later homonym <strong>of</strong> Agaricus macrorhizus Pers. Persoon 1796,<br />
Obs. Myc. 1:47<br />
h Leucopaxillus macrorhizus (Sacc.) Sacconi & Lazzari, Sacconi <strong>and</strong> Lazzari<br />
1980, Boll. Gruppo mic. ‘G.Bresadola’ Trento 23:(5-6) 114. original not seen.<br />
cited in IF 5:488. [ cited as "(Lasch) Sacconi <strong>and</strong> Lazzari," treated as<br />
bibliographic error ]<br />
h Leucopaxillus macrorhizus (Sacc.) Bon, Bon 1985, Documents Mycologiques<br />
15:42, superfluous comb.<br />
basionym <strong>of</strong>ten cited as "Tricholoma macrorhizum (Lasch) Fr. ," a taxon that does<br />
not exist, treated as a bibliographic error; see discussion in Bon 1985,<br />
Documents Mycologique 15:42.<br />
macrospora<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> macrospora Peck, Peck 1900, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 27:610<br />
accepted name: h Catathelasma macrospora (Peck) Singer, Singer 1940, Rev.<br />
Mycol. 5:9; We examined the type specimen from FH <strong>and</strong> concur with Singer’s<br />
combination.<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> macrospora (Peck) T.J. Baroni, Baroni 1981, Mycologia 73:187<br />
= Catathelasma evanescens Lovejoy, Lovejoy 1910, Bot. Gazette 50:384; fide<br />
Kauffman 1923, Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 2: 61; however, we prefer to maintain<br />
these as separate <strong>species</strong> for the time being, until type specimens can be<br />
examined together.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
75
76<br />
magnivelaris<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> magnivelaris (Peck) Murrill, Murrill 1912, Mycologia 4:212<br />
basionym: Agaricus magnivelaris Peck, Peck 1878, Rept. NY State Museum<br />
29:66 (nomen novum for Agaricus ponderosus Peck 1874, Report NY State<br />
Museum 26:50)<br />
accepted name: h Tricholoma magnivelare (Peck) Redhead, Redhead 1984,<br />
Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 256 ; see also A.ponderosa below for other<br />
synonyms. See Redhead 1984, loc. cit., for discussion <strong>of</strong> this name.<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> magnivelaris (Peck) Murrill, Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10:37,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
h Tricholoma ponderosum (Sacc.) Singer, [as "(Peck) Singer", bibliographical<br />
error], Singer 1949 (1951), Lilloa 22:227; fide Redhead 1984, loc. cit.<br />
We examined an isotype <strong>of</strong> Agaricus magnivelaris Peck at OSC, Corvallis<br />
Oregon <strong>and</strong> concur with Redhead 1984, loc. cit.<br />
major<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> robusta (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Gillet var. major Sacc., Saccardo<br />
1887, Sylloge Fungorum 575<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon. If this is a true variety<br />
<strong>of</strong> this <strong>species</strong>, it belongs in the genus Tricholoma<br />
matsutake<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> matsutake S.Ito & S.Imai, Ito & Imai 1925, Bot. Mag. Tokyo 39:327<br />
accepted name: h Tricholoma matsutake (S.Ito & S.Imai) Singer, Singer 1943,<br />
Ann. Mycol. 41:77<br />
= Tricholoma nauseosum (A.Blytt) Kytöv., Kytövuori 1988 (1989), Karstenia<br />
28(2):69. fide Kytövuori, loc. cit. ; see notes under A.nauseosum. We question<br />
synonymizing these <strong>species</strong> as proposed by Kytövuori until type specimens <strong>of</strong><br />
both <strong>species</strong> can be compared. If these two <strong>species</strong> are found to be conspecific,<br />
we would suggest that Tricholoma matsutake be conserved over Tricholoma<br />
nauseosum<br />
= Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) edodes sensu J.Schröt. See discussion under edodes<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata (Viv.) Gillet sensu Hariot & Pat., Hariot <strong>and</strong> Patouillard<br />
1902, Bull. Mus. Hist. Nat. 8:132; fide Kytövuori 1988 (1989), Karstenia<br />
28(2):69, where this <strong>species</strong> is mis-cited as "<strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata Har. & Pat."<br />
see caligata for additional discussion; fide Bon 1984, Encyclopedia Mycologique<br />
36: 275; fide Riva 1988, Fungi Europaei: Tricholoma p. 400, Tricholoma<br />
caligatum (Viv.) Ricken is the same <strong>species</strong>, but the basis for the synonymy as<br />
proposed by these authors is not known.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
maxima<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (VahkFr.) P.Kumm. var. maxima (Fr.) Barla, Barla 1887,<br />
Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 2:143<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Clitocybe) maximus Fr., Fries 1838, Epicr. p.67<br />
accepted name: = Clitocybe maxima (Fr.) P.Kumm., Kummer 1871, Führ.<br />
Pilzkunde p. 123; fide Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme ∨<br />
de ∨<br />
lska V Brné.<br />
Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p. 32<br />
megalopus<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> megalopus Bres., Bresadola 1881, Fungi Trid. 1:43 t. XLVII<br />
accepted name: = Limacella furnacea (Letell.) E.J. Gilbert, La Spore Champ.<br />
p. 96; fide Nonis 1986, Micol. Ital. 15:43<br />
h Limacella megalopus (Bres.) Maire, Maire 1924, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France<br />
40:293 [as "Limacella megalopoda" ]<br />
h Collybia megalopus (Bres.) Ricken, Ricken 1915, Die Blätterpilze p.400;<br />
Petrak 1922-28 p. 477<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
77
78<br />
mellea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm., Kummer 1871, Führ. Pilz. p. 135<br />
basionym: Agaricus melleus Vahl, Vahl 1787, Flora Danica 6:9, tab. 1013<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm., Kummer 1871, loc.<br />
cit. (see Watling et al., 1982, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 78:271-285)<br />
h Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) melleus VahkFr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. I 30<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Karst., Karsten 1881, Hymenomycetes<br />
Fennicae p.4 [earlier accepted by Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den<br />
Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p.21 as "<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl) Fr." ]<br />
h Clitocybe mellea (Vahl:Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p. 362<br />
h Lepiota mellea (Vahl:Fr.) Lange, Lange 1915, Dansk. Bot. Arkiv 2:31<br />
h Omphalia mellea (Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1886, Emichiridion: 20<br />
h Collybia mellea (Vahl:Fr.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.76,<br />
published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN Art. 34.1(b)<br />
Korhonen <strong>species</strong> D (EBS D), North American Biological Species VI<br />
Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. 1:30, also listed the following names as synonyms<br />
<strong>of</strong> Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) melleus; these names were treated extensively by<br />
Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30:101-116, in their search for<br />
useable epithets for European Biological Species <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong>:<br />
= Agaricus annularius Bull., Bulliard 1788, Historie Champ. France p. 626 t.<br />
377, Gillet (1874, Les Hym. p. 84) considered this to be a synonym <strong>of</strong> A.mellea<br />
sensu lato; fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30:104, the three<br />
plates cited as Agaricus annularius by Bulliard represent at least two <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>and</strong> possibly a Pholiota. In any case, this name cannot be used<br />
because it is a later homonym <strong>of</strong> Agaricus annularius Schaeff., Schaeffer 1762<br />
now considered a synonym <strong>of</strong> Suillus luteus (L.:Fr.) Gray; fide Petersen, 1977,<br />
Mycotaxon 6:127-166<br />
= Agaricus congregatus Bolton, Bolton 1792, see ostoyae<br />
= Agaricus cumulutus With., Withering 1796, Arr. Brit. Plants ed. 3 vol. 4<br />
p. 164; fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30:106, this "is a<br />
superfluous name, since Withering quoted Bulliard plate 377 (A.annularius) <strong>and</strong><br />
Bolton plate 140 (A. congregatus), reducing his name to a synonym. " It is clearly<br />
an <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>, but its exact identity is unknown.<br />
= Agaricus furcopallidus Bolton, Bolton 1789, History <strong>of</strong> funguses growing<br />
about Halifax 3:136; fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30:107,<br />
this is a member <strong>of</strong> the A.mellea aggregate, but the identity <strong>of</strong> this <strong>species</strong> is<br />
uncertain.<br />
= Agaricus obscurus Schaeff., Schaeffer 1774, q.v.<br />
= Agaricus occultans Batsch, Batsch 1783, Elenchus Fungorum p.55; fide<br />
Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30: 111, this is a superfluous name<br />
since Batsch cited Agaricus obscurus Schaeff. (q.v.) as a synonym.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
= Agaricus pistillaris Batsch, Batsch 1783, Elenchus Fungorum p.55; fide<br />
Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30: 111, this is probably not an<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong>, but the description is too short <strong>and</strong> vague to be sure.<br />
= Agaricus polymyces Pers., Persoon 1797, q.v. also see ostoyae<br />
= Agaricus stipitis Sowerby, Sowerby 1797, Coloured Figures <strong>of</strong> English Fungi<br />
1, based on Agaricus stipitis With., Withering 1796, Arr. Brit. Plants ed. 3 vol.<br />
4 p.191; fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30:113, the<br />
description is "too incomplete to identify the <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong>," <strong>and</strong> the<br />
"author apparently intended to include the entire A. mellea complex. " In any case<br />
the name is superfluous because <strong>of</strong> Withering’s references to A.fuscopallidus, A.<br />
melleus, A.obscurus, <strong>and</strong> A.elasticus.<br />
Note: Streinz 1861, Fungal Nomenclator p. 68-69 also listed forty synonyms for<br />
Agaricus melleus Vahl, many <strong>of</strong> which have never been treated in modern times.<br />
melleo-rubens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> melleo-rubens (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 5:81<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) melleorubens Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Berkeley &<br />
Curtis 1869, J. Linn. Soc. 10:283<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> melleo-rubens (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Sacc.,<br />
Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:81. Type examined. This <strong>species</strong> is a<br />
member <strong>of</strong> the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong>, but it is not known whether it is conspecific<br />
with any other <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>.<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> putrida (Scop.) Murrill; fide Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora<br />
10(1):39; see discussion under this epithet<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> melleorubens (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Singer, Singer 1973, Beih.<br />
Sydowia 7:17<br />
fide Pegler 1987, Kew Bull. 42(3):523, this is "probably identical with <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
puiggarii", but until definitive culture <strong>and</strong> mating studies are done, we must<br />
consider these as separate <strong>species</strong>.<br />
microspila, Lepiota SEE ompnera<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
79
80<br />
microspora<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> microspora (A.H. Smith & Hesler) Singer, Singer 1949 (1951),<br />
Lilloa 22:216. no description or indication <strong>of</strong> new sp. or comb.<br />
basionym: Hygrophorus microsporus A.H. Smith & Healer, Smith <strong>and</strong> Healer<br />
1942, Lloydia 5:11<br />
accepted name: = Hygrophorus microspora A.H. Smith & Hesler, Smith <strong>and</strong><br />
Hesler 1942, Lloydia 5:11; fide Hesler <strong>and</strong> Smith 1963, North American Species<br />
<strong>of</strong> Hygrophorus p. 89<br />
h Hygrotrama microsporum (A.H. Smith & Hesler) Singer, Singer 1958 (1959),<br />
Sydowia 12:223<br />
millus<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> millus (Sowerby:Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:81<br />
basionym: Agaricus millus Sowerby, Sowerby 1799, Coloured figures <strong>of</strong> English<br />
fungi p. 78 t.184<br />
accepted name: nomen dubium, fide Termomhuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987,<br />
Mycotaxon 30: 109.<br />
h Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) millus Sowerby:Fr., Fries 1874, Hym. Eur. p.44<br />
h Tricholoma millum (Sowerby:Fr.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
p.75, published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN Art. 34.1(b)<br />
minor<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. minor Barla, Barla 1887, Bull.<br />
Mycol. Soc. France 3:143<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm., q.v.; fide<br />
Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30:109, it is a small form <strong>of</strong> A.<br />
mellea; fide Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme ∨<br />
de ∨<br />
lska V Brné. Vyznamenaná<br />
Rádem Prace BRNO p. 33 it is a small form <strong>of</strong> "some <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>."<br />
minor<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> robusta (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Gillet var. minor (Krombh.) P.Karst.,<br />
Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar<br />
p.19<br />
basionym: Agaricus robustus Alb. & Schwein.:Fr. var. minor Krombh.,<br />
Krombholz 1831, t. 25 f. 15-20<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this tazon. If this is a true variety<br />
<strong>of</strong> the <strong>species</strong> it belongs in the genus Tricholoma.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
minor<br />
Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) melleus Vahl:Fr. var. minor Berk., Berkeley 1878, J.<br />
Linnean Soc. 16:38<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon. A formal combination<br />
has not been made in the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong>.<br />
minuta<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> minuta Singer & Digilio in Singer, Singer 1954, Sydowia 8: 106<br />
accepted name: h Rickenella minuta (Singer & Digilio) Raithelh., Raithelhuber<br />
1980, Metrodiana 9 (2):48<br />
h Rickenella minuta (Singer & Digilio) Raithelh., Raithelhuber 1977, Hongos<br />
Argentinos (Buenos Aires) 2:23; fide IF 4:574 invalid comb., ICBN Art. 33, no<br />
full reference to basionym.<br />
h Rickenella minuta (Singer & Digilio) Raithelh., Raithelhuber 1983,<br />
Metrodiana Sonderheft 2:11, indicated as comb. nov. but a superfluous comb.<br />
monadelpha<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> monadelpha (Morgan) Guillaumin & Mohammed, in Kile et al. 1994,<br />
IUFRO 8:414 (Illegitimate comb. ICBN Art. 33.2, no basionym cited)<br />
basionym: Agaricus monadelphus Morgan, Morgan 1883, J. Cincinnati Soc. Nat.<br />
Hist. 6:69<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> tabescens (Scop.) Emel q.v.; fide Singer 1970,<br />
Flora Neotropica 3: 13<br />
h Clitocybe monadelpha (Morgan) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
5:164; see tabescens for additional synonyms.<br />
Kile et al. 1994, IUFRO 8:414 have proposed the name <strong>Armillaria</strong> monadelpha<br />
(Morgan) Guillaumin & Mohammed (q.v.) for the North American form <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> tabescens (Scop.) Emel, q.v. The combination is illegitimate (ICBN<br />
Art. 33.2, no basionym cited). Moreover, Darmono, Burdsall, <strong>and</strong> Volk, 1993,<br />
Sydowia 44: 115, provide evidence that European <strong>and</strong> North American forms <strong>of</strong><br />
A. tabescens are compatible, forming clamp connections in matings <strong>of</strong><br />
monobasidiosporous progeny, subsequently producing fertile basidiomata <strong>and</strong> are<br />
conspecific. If new information is found that indicates the North American<br />
<strong>species</strong> is different, Lentinus caespitosus Berk., Berkeley 1847, Lond. J. Bot.<br />
6:317 (type from Ohio) may be an older name; fide Pegler 1983, World<br />
Monogr. Lentinus, p. 224., who examined the type, Lentinus caespitosus Berk. is<br />
identical with A. tabescens<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
81
82<br />
montagnei<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> montagnei (Singer) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme ∨<br />
de ∨<br />
lska V<br />
Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p. 41<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillariella</strong> montagnei Singer, Singer 1956, Lloydia 19:182<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> montagnei (Singer) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká<br />
Skola Zeme ∨<br />
de ∨<br />
lska V Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.41<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> montagnei (Singer) Kile & Watling, Kile & Watling 1983, Trans.<br />
Brit. Mycol. Soc. 81(1):131, superfluous comb.<br />
see also discussion by Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30:109-110<br />
mori<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mori (Paulet: Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 77<br />
basionym: Hypophyllum mori Paulet, Paulet 1812, Champ p.300, t. 144<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> grise<strong>of</strong>usca (DC:Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les.<br />
Hym. p.82; fide Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V Brné. Vyznamenaná<br />
Rádem Prace BRNO p. 42<br />
h Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) morio Paulet:Fr., Fries 1838, Epicr. p.23<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> mori (Paulet: Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:81,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
h Clitocybe mori (Paulet:Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p.363<br />
h Collybia mellea (Vahl:Fr.) Emel f. mori (Paulet:Fr.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le<br />
genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.76, published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN<br />
Art. 34.1(b)<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
mucida<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mucida (Schrad.:Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1872, Quél. Champ. Jura Vosques<br />
I in Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:75<br />
basionym: Agaricus mucidus Schrad., Schrader 1794, Spicilegium Fl. Germ.<br />
p.116.<br />
accepted name: h Oudemansiella mucida (Schrad.:Fr.) Höhn., Höhnel 1909,<br />
Sitz.-ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien 118:276; fide Singer 1961, Persoonia 2: 162; fide<br />
Moser 1983, Keys to Agarics <strong>and</strong> Boleti p. 162; fide Watling et al. 1991,<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease p. 6<br />
h Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) mucidus Schrad.:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Mycol. 1:188 ;<br />
1874, Hym. Eur. p. 46<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> mucida (Schrad.:Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
5:85<br />
h Collybia mucida (Schrad.:Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1888, Flore Mycologique p.238<br />
h Collybia mucida (Schrad.:Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1915, Die Blätterpilze p.401,<br />
superfIuous comb.<br />
= Oudemansiella canarii (Jungh.) Höhn. sensu Rick 1937, Lilloa 1:316; fide<br />
Singer 1953, Lilloa 26:67<br />
multicolor<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> multicolor Sacc, Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:84.<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> multicolor Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:84;<br />
treated as a nomen novum for Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) multicolorus Berk., Berkeley<br />
1850, Hooker’s J. Bot. 2:46; illegitimate (ICBN Art. 64.1) as a later homonym<br />
<strong>of</strong> Agaricus multicolor Pers. q.v.<br />
accepted name: nomen rej. fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling 1981, Kavaka 10:70-although<br />
this name is rejected in the text <strong>of</strong> this paper, it is nonetheless included<br />
in their key in the same paper; fide Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3: 16, this is a<br />
synonym <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> omnituens (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 5:84<br />
NOT Agaricus multicolor Pers., Persoon 1801, Syn. p.350 [ = Agaricus<br />
(Tricholoma) multicolor Pers.:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. 1:48]<br />
mundulata, Rhodocybe see alachuana<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
83
84<br />
muscicola<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> muscicola Clel<strong>and</strong>, Clel<strong>and</strong> 1927, Trans. Proc. Royal Soc. S.<br />
Australia 51:299<br />
accepted name:<br />
The description (small size <strong>and</strong> association with moss, not trees or wood)<br />
indicates that this <strong>species</strong> does not likely belong in the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong>.<br />
nabsnona<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> nabsnona Volk & Burdsall ined.<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> nabsnona Volk & Burdsall ined.<br />
North American Biological Species IX. We have specimens with cultures that<br />
are compatible with tester strains <strong>of</strong> NABS IX (Anderson & Ullrich 1979). This<br />
<strong>species</strong> will be described in a subsequent publication.<br />
nana<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> nana (Singer) Locq., Locquin 1952, Bull. trimest. Soc. Mycol. France<br />
68: 167. no description or indication <strong>of</strong> new sp. or comb.<br />
basionym: Amanita (Lepidella) nana Singer, Singer 1941, Notul. syst. sect.<br />
crypt. Inst. bot. Komarovii Acad. Sci. URSS 5: 85<br />
accepted name: h Amanita nana Singer, Singer 1941, Notul. syst. sect. crypt.<br />
Inst. bot. Komarovii Acad. Sci. URSS 5: 85. original not seen; fide Bas 1969,<br />
Persoonia 5: 368<br />
nardosmia<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> nardosmia (Ellis) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:86<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) nardosmius Ellis, Ellis 1876, Bull. Torrey Bot.<br />
Club 6(14):75<br />
accepted name:<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata (Xv.) Gillet f. nardosmia (Ellis) A.H. Smith, Smith 1934,<br />
Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 19:206<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata (Viv.) Gillet var. nardosmia (Ellis) A.H. Smith, Smith<br />
1979, Beih. Sydowia 8:375<br />
Mycorrhizal fungus, not in the genus <strong>Armillaria</strong>.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
nauseosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> nauseosa A.Blytt, Blytt 1905, Norg. Hymen. Vid. Selsk. Skrift. 6:22<br />
accepted name: h Tricholoma nauseosum (A.Blytt) Kytöv., Kytövuori 1988<br />
(1989), Karstenia 28(2):69<br />
h Tricholoma caligatum (Xv.) Ricken var. nauseosum (A.Blytt) Bon, Bon 1990,<br />
Documents Mycologiques 20: 38<br />
= Tricholoma matsutake (S.Ito & S.Imai) Singer, q.v.; fide Kytövuori 1988<br />
(1989), Karstenia 28(2):69. We question synonymizing these <strong>species</strong> as proposed<br />
by Kytövuori until type specimens <strong>of</strong> both <strong>species</strong> can be compared. If these two<br />
<strong>species</strong> are found to be conspecific, we would suggest that Tricholoma matsutake<br />
be conserved over Tricholoma nauseosum. see additional discussion under<br />
matsutake.<br />
neuhauserii<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> neuhauserii (Schulzer) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:85<br />
basionym: Agaricus ? neuhauserii Schulzer, Schulzer 1884?, Verh<strong>and</strong>l Hermann;<br />
original not seen, cited in Saccardo 1887, loc. cit.. We are unsure <strong>of</strong> the genus<br />
<strong>of</strong> the basionym<br />
accepted name:<br />
fide Saccardo 1887, loc. cit., this <strong>species</strong> is "near A.mucida <strong>and</strong> A. fracida" so it<br />
probably belongs with those <strong>species</strong> in the genus Oudemansiella.<br />
nigrescens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> nigrescens Kawam., Kawamura 1954, Icones <strong>of</strong> Japanese Fungi<br />
4:462; fide IF 2:337, not validly published ICBN Art. 36.1, no Latin diagnosis.<br />
accepted name: = Hygrophorus olivaceoalbus (Fr.) Fr., Fries 1838, Epicr. p.<br />
324; fide Imazeki <strong>and</strong> Hongo 1957, Coloured illustrations <strong>of</strong> fungi <strong>of</strong> Japan p. 12.<br />
Translation by Hisashi Saito (Pers. Comm.)<br />
h Tricholoma nigrescens (Kawam.) S.Ito, Ito 1959, Mycological Flora <strong>of</strong> Japan<br />
2 (5): 137<br />
nigritula<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> nigritula P.D. Orton, Orton 1980, Notes Roy. Bot. Gdn. Edinburgh<br />
38(3):316<br />
accepted name:<br />
"near A.mellea, but with strong smell (<strong>of</strong> cats or flowering currant) with minor<br />
spore differences." Roy Watling (Pers. Comm.) has examined specimens <strong>and</strong><br />
believes this is identical with <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm..<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
85
86<br />
nigropunctata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> nigropunctata (Fr.) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme ∨<br />
de ∨<br />
lska<br />
V Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.44 [ cited as "(Secr.) Herink,"<br />
treated here as a bibliographic error 1; fide IF 5:869 this must be treated as a<br />
nomen novum, <strong>and</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> nigropunctata Herink is a nomen invalidum as new<br />
<strong>species</strong>, ICBN Art. 36.1, no Latin description.<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Clitocybe) nigropunctatus Fr., Fries 1874, Hym. Eur. p.<br />
107; based on Agaricus nigro-punctatus Secr., Secretan 1833, Mycogr. Suisse p.<br />
433, nr. 1046, a nomen invalidum, Secretan names not accepted, ICBN Art.<br />
23.6(c) Ex. 10<br />
accepted name:<br />
The correct placement <strong>of</strong> this taxon is not known. The name (as Clitocybe<br />
nigropunctata) is listed but not treated by Bigelow (1982, 1985).<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> nigropunctata (Fr.) Singer, Singer 1943, Annales Mycol. 41:19;<br />
[ cited as "(Secr.) Singer," treated here as a bibliographic error ]<br />
h Clitocybe nigropunctata (Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 173<br />
nobilis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> nobilis Murrill, Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10:38<br />
accepted name: = Catathelasma imperialis (Fr.) Singer, Singer 1940, Rev.<br />
Mycol. 5: 10; fide Pomerleau 1980, Flore des champignons au Québec p. 308;<br />
fide Kauffman 1923, Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 2:59<br />
novae-zeal<strong>and</strong>iae<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> novae-zeal<strong>and</strong>iae (G.Stev.) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola<br />
Zeme ∨<br />
de ∨<br />
lska V Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.43<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillariella</strong> novae-zeal<strong>and</strong>ae G.Stev., Stevenson 1964, Kew Bull.<br />
19: 14<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> novae-zealundiae (G.Stev.) Herink, Herink 1973,<br />
loc. cit.<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> novae-zeal<strong>and</strong>iae (G.Stev.) Boesew., Boesewinkel 1977, N.Z. J.<br />
Agric. Res. 20 (4): 585, superfluous comb.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
obscura<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> obscura (Schaeff.) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme ∨<br />
de ∨<br />
lska V<br />
Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.42<br />
basionym: Agaricus obscurus Schaeff., Schaeffer 1762, Fungi qui. . . . Bavaria: t.<br />
32<br />
accepted name: nomen ambiguum, fide Marxmüller 1992, Mycotaxon 44: 269;<br />
fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30: 111; fide Termorshuizen<br />
1984, Rept. Agr. Univ. Wageningen: 1-103; fide Watling 1987, Notes Roy. Bot.<br />
Gdn. Edinburgh 44: 116-117<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> obscura (Schaeff.) Bon, Bon 1985, Documents Mycologique<br />
15(60):38, superfluous comb.<br />
NOT <strong>Armillariella</strong> obscura (Pers.) Romagn., Romagnesi 1970, Bull. trimest.<br />
Soc. Mycol. France 86 (1): 262 q.v.<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (VahkFr.) P.Kumm. var. obscura Gillet, Gillet 1874,<br />
Lea Hym. p. 84 q.v.<br />
Secretan (1833, Mycog. Suisse. p.47) was the first post-Friesian author to use the<br />
name Agaricus obscurus. However, Secretan cited both Agaricus obscurus<br />
Persoon <strong>and</strong> Agaricus obscurus Schaeff. in his description, resulting in confusion<br />
over the identity <strong>of</strong> the name. This is no longer a problem since the<br />
nomenclatund starting point [ ICBN Art. 13.1(d) ] was moved back to 1753.<br />
See Marxmüller 1992, Mycotaxon 44: 269, for an extended discussion <strong>of</strong> this<br />
epithet.<br />
obscura<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> obscura (Gillet) Romagn., Romagnesi 1970, Bull. trimest. Soc.<br />
Mycol. France 86 (1): 262; cited as "(Pers. ex Secr.) Romagn.," treated as a<br />
bibliographic error.<br />
basionym: Inocybe obscura Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 515; treated as a<br />
nomen novum for Agaricus obscurus Pers., Persoon 1801, Synopsis Methodica<br />
Fungorum no. 163, p. 347, which is illegitimate (ICBN Art. 64.1) as a later<br />
homonym <strong>of</strong> Agaricus obscure Schaeff., q.v.<br />
accepted name: h Inocybe obscura Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 515; fide<br />
Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30: 110-111 [ as "(Pers. ex Secr.)<br />
Gillet" ]<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> obscura (Schaeff.) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola<br />
Zeme ∨<br />
de ∨<br />
lska V Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.42, q.v.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
87
88<br />
obscura<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. obscura Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les<br />
Hym. p. 84<br />
accepted name: nomen dubium; No further information is available regarding<br />
this taxon. There is no available type specimen <strong>and</strong> the description is too vague<br />
to be certain <strong>of</strong> which taxon is represented; fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds<br />
1987, Mycotaxon 30: 110<br />
NOT <strong>Armillariella</strong> obscura (Gillet) Romagn., Romagnesi 1970, Bull. trimest.<br />
Soc. Mycol. France 86 (1): 262, q.v.<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> obscura (Schaeff.) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola<br />
Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.42, q.v.<br />
occidentalis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata (Viv.) Gillet var. occidentalis A.H. Smith, Smith 1979, Beih.<br />
Sydowia. Ann. Mycol. 8: 373<br />
accepted name:<br />
If this is a true variety <strong>of</strong> the <strong>species</strong>, it belongs in the genus Tricholoma;<br />
In his description <strong>of</strong> Tricholoma dulciolens Kytöv., Kytövuori 1988 (1989),<br />
Karstenia 28:73-75, says his new <strong>species</strong> "greatly resembles" this <strong>species</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
implies it may be identical to <strong>Armillaria</strong> caligata (Viv.) Gillet var. occidentalis<br />
A.H. Smith, q.v., but he "thought it beat to describe the European material as a<br />
new <strong>species</strong>.. ." <strong>and</strong> indicated that further study <strong>of</strong> these two <strong>species</strong> is needed.<br />
ochrolaniatus, Agaricus SEE ramentacea<br />
occultans, Agaricus SEE mellea<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
odorata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> odorata (Cool) Zerov in Zerov & Peresipkin, Zerov & Peresipkin<br />
1979, Viznachnik Gribiv Ukraini [Guide to the fungi <strong>of</strong> the Ukraine] 5,<br />
Basidiomycetes (2):288; invalid comb. no full reference given. ICBN Art. 33<br />
basionym: Lepiota odorata Cool, Cool 1918, Mededeel. v. de nederl<strong>and</strong>ische<br />
mycologisch. Vereeniging IX: 47<br />
accepted name: h Squamanita odorata (Cool) Bas, Bas 1965, Persoonia 3(3):<br />
342; fide Moser 1983, Keys to Agarics <strong>and</strong> Boleti p.254; fide Redhead et al.<br />
1994, Canad. J. Bot. 72:1817<br />
h Squamanita odorata (Cool) Imbach, Imbach 1946, PilzfIora Luzern p.83;<br />
invalid as a nomen provisiorum fide Bas 1965, Persoonia 3(3): 342<br />
h Tricholoma odoratum (Cool) Konrad & Maubl., Konrad <strong>and</strong> Maublanc 1949,<br />
Les Agaricales (Encyclopédie Mycologique 14) p. 346<br />
NOT Tricholoma odoratum Konrad & Maubl. sensu Pears. (Trans. Brit. Mycol.<br />
Soc. 35:99, 1952) = Squamanita pearsonii Bas, Bas 1965, Persoonia 3(3): 345;<br />
fide Moser 1983, Keys to Agarics <strong>and</strong> Boleti p. 254<br />
olearia<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> olearia (DC:Fr.) Singer, Singer 1943, Ann. Mycol. 41:19<br />
basionym: Agaricus olearius DC, deC<strong>and</strong>olle 1815, Flora Francaise 6:44<br />
accepted name: h Omphalotus olearius (DC:Fr.) Singer, Singer 1946, Pap.<br />
Mich. Acad. Sci. 32:133<br />
h Agaricus (Crepidotus) olearius DC:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. 1:273<br />
h Agaricus (Pleurotus) olearius DC:Fr., Fries 1874, Epicr. p.170<br />
See Singer 1962, Agaricales p. 226 <strong>and</strong> Pegler 1977, Kew Bull. addit. ser. 6:75<br />
for list <strong>of</strong> other synonyms.<br />
It is not clear whether Singer intended to make this combination in <strong>Armillariella</strong>,<br />
but he uses "A.olearia" on the page following his discussion <strong>of</strong> Fayod’s genus<br />
Omphalotus <strong>and</strong> its relationship with Clitocybe olearia <strong>and</strong> <strong>Armillariella</strong>. Pegler<br />
1977, Kew Bull. addit. ser. 6:75, agrees that Singer made this combination.<br />
olida<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> olida Thiers & Sundb., Thiers & Sundberg 1976, Madroño 23 (8):<br />
451<br />
accepted name:<br />
Not an <strong>Armillaria</strong>. Should be placed in Tricholoma, near T.saponaceum, but<br />
combination will be formally made later (K. Shanks <strong>and</strong> D. Desjardin, Pers.<br />
Comm.)<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
89
90<br />
olivacea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> olivacea (Rick) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V<br />
Brné Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.43<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. olivacea Rick, Rick<br />
1937, Broteria 5:24; nomen nudum, no Latin diagnosis. invalid ICBN Art. 36.1<br />
accepted name: nomen invalidum, fide IF 5:869, ICBN Art. 36.1, based on<br />
Rick’s name, a nomen nudum.<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> puiggarii (Speg.) Singer f. olivacea (Rick) Singer, Singer 1953,<br />
Lilloa 26: 132<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> olivacea (Rick) Singer, Singer 1956, Lloydia 19:180<br />
olivaceoalbus, Hygrophorus SEE nigrescens<br />
olivaceo-fusca<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mucida (Schrad.:Fr.) Quél. var. olivaceo-fusca (Horn.) Sacc.,<br />
Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:85<br />
basionym: Agaricus olivaceo-fuscus Horn., Hornemann 1808, Fl. Dan. t. 1372<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon. If this is a true variety<br />
<strong>of</strong> the <strong>species</strong> it belongs in the genus Oudemansiella.<br />
omnituens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> omnituens (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:84<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) omnituens Berk., Berkeley 1850, Hooker’s J.<br />
Bot. 2:46<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> omnituens (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 5:84<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> omnituens (Berk.) Singer, Singer (1961) 1962, Sydowia 15:49;<br />
fide Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3:16 several <strong>of</strong> Berkeley’s <strong>species</strong> are<br />
synonyms <strong>of</strong> A.omnituens: SEE epitheta adelpha, dichupella, duplicata,<br />
multicolor, <strong>and</strong> vara for discussion <strong>of</strong> each <strong>of</strong> these cases.<br />
ompnera<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> ompnera (Berk. & Broome) Sacc, Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
5:86<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) ompnerus Berk. & Broome, Berkeley <strong>and</strong><br />
Broome 1871, J. Linn. Soc. 11:514<br />
accepted name: = Lepiota microspila (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1891, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 9:10; fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling 1981, Kavaka 10:80<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
ostoyae<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V<br />
Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.42<br />
basionym: h <strong>Armillariella</strong> ostoyae Romagn., Romagnesi 1970, Bull. trimest.<br />
Soc. Mycol. France 86(l) :265<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká<br />
Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.42<br />
= <strong>Armillariella</strong> polymyces (Pers.) Singer & Clémençon, Singer & Clémençon<br />
1972, Nova Hedwigia 23: 31l; fide Marxmüller 1992 Mycotaxon 44:269; fide<br />
Watling et al. 1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease p.5 [ as "(Secr.) Sing. & Clem." ]<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> montagnei var. umbrinobrunnea Singer, Singer 1956, Lloydia 19:<br />
183 q.v. [ as "Amontagnei Singer var. umbrinolutea Singer," q.v.]; fide Watling<br />
et al. 1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease p.5<br />
= Agaricus congregatus Bolton, Bolton 1791, History Fung. Halifax plate 140;<br />
fide Watling et al. 1982; fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon<br />
30:106 this name is superfluous <strong>and</strong> cannot be used for this fungus because<br />
Bolton referred to "annularius Bulliard, 377", (= Amellea sensu lato) reducing<br />
Bolton’s name to a synonym <strong>of</strong> that <strong>species</strong> q.v.<br />
Korhonen Species C (EBS C), North American Biological Species I.<br />
Note: <strong>Armillaria</strong> obscura (Schaeff.) Herink, is another name that has been used<br />
for this biological <strong>species</strong>, but this is a nomen ambiguum, fide Marxmüller 1992<br />
Mycotaxon 44:269; fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30: 111.<br />
See additional discussion under obscura<br />
pallidula<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> pallidula Kile & Watling, Kile <strong>and</strong> Watling 1988, Trans. Brit. Mycol.<br />
Soc. 91:307<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> pallidula Kile & Watling, Kile <strong>and</strong> Watling 1988,<br />
loc. cit.<br />
parasitica, Clitocybe SEE tabescens<br />
paupertina<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> paupertina (A.H. Smith & Hesler) Singer, Singer 1949 (1951),<br />
Lilloa 22:216<br />
basionym: Hygrophorus paupertinus A.H. Smith & Hesler, Smith <strong>and</strong> Hesler<br />
1942, Lloydia 5:13<br />
accepted name: h Hygrophorus paupertinus A.H. Smith & Hesler, Smith <strong>and</strong><br />
Hesler 1942, Llyodia 5:13; fide Hesler <strong>and</strong> Smith 1963, North American Species<br />
<strong>of</strong> Hgrophorus p. 84<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
91
92<br />
pearsonii, Squamanita SEE odorata<br />
peckii , Agaricus (Tricholoma) SEE aurantia<br />
pelliculata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> pelliculata Beeli, Beeli 1927, Bull. Soc. R. Belgique 59:111<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> pelliculata Beeli, Beeli 1927, loc. cit.; fide<br />
Mohammed et al. 1989, IUFRO 7:448<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> pelliculosa Beeli, cited in IFP 1922-28, p. 15. Orthographic variant<br />
<strong>of</strong> the same name.<br />
phoenecia<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> phoenecia (Fr.) P.Karst., Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den<br />
Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p. 18<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) phoeniceus Fr., Fries 1838, Epicr. p.20<br />
accepted name: h Tricholoma phoenecium (Fr.) Singer, Singer 1943, Ann.<br />
Mycol. 41:77<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> phoenicea (Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:73,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
piluliformis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> piluliformis (Bull.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 80<br />
basionym: Agaricus piluliformis Bull., Bulliard 1809, pl. 112; nomen superfluum<br />
fide Petersen 1977, Mycotaxon 6: 127-166, 6:78-126<br />
accepted name: h Psathyrella piluliformis (Bull.) P.D. Orton, P.D. Orton<br />
1969, Notes Royal Bot. Gdn. Edinburgh 29 (1): 116<br />
h Agaricus (Hypholoma) piluliformis Bull. ex Fr., Fries 1857, Monogr. Hym.<br />
Sueciae p. 428<br />
h Agaricus (Lepiota) piluliformis Bull. ex Mérat, Mérat 1834, Nouv. Fl. Envir.<br />
Paris 3e Ed. I: 100<br />
h Hypholoma piluliforme (Bull.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
5:1040<br />
pinetorum<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> pinetorum Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 79<br />
accepted name: = Lepiota carcharias (Pers.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die<br />
Blätterpilze p. 327; fide Bresadola 1920, Ann. Mycol. 18:65<br />
h Tricholoma pinetorum (Gillet) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.75,<br />
published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN Art. 34.1(b)<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
piopparello<br />
Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) piopparello Viv., Viviani 1834, Funghi d’Italia p.6 t.6<br />
accepted name:<br />
= Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) vivianii Fr., Fries 1874, Hym. Eur. p.45, apparently a<br />
nomen novum for this <strong>species</strong>. Fries cites A. piopparello Viviani with his<br />
description, reducing A. vivianii to a synonym. This <strong>species</strong> was never formally<br />
placed in <strong>Armillaria</strong> or <strong>Armillariella</strong>. Its proper disposition is unknown.<br />
pistillaris, Agaricus SEE mellea<br />
pitkinensis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> pitkinensis Mitchel A.H. Smith, Mitchel <strong>and</strong> Smith 1976,<br />
Mycotaxon 4 (2): 530<br />
accepted name: h Floccularia pitkinensis (Mitchel & A.H. Smith) Bon, Bon<br />
1990, Documents Mycologiques 20 (no. 79): 57<br />
platensis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> platensis Speg., Spegazzini 1899, Anales de1 Museo National de<br />
Buenos Aires 6:98<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> platensis Speg., Spegazzini 1899, loc. cit.<br />
accepted name: Leucoagaricus sp. ("probably"); fide Singer 1952, Sydowia<br />
6:345<br />
NOT Agaricus platensis Speg., Spegazzini 1925 (1926), Bol. de la Academia<br />
National de Ciencias Córdoba 28:329 [ h Oudemansiella platensis (Speg.) Rick,<br />
Rick 1907, Brotéria 6:76; = Oudemansiella canarii (Jungh.) v. Höhn; fide<br />
Pegler 1977, Kew Bull. addit. ser. 6:149]<br />
NOT Leucoagaricus platensis (Speg.) Raithelh., Raithelhuber 1987, Flora<br />
Mycologica Argentina Hongos I (Stuttgart: Mycosur.):298 ( h Lepiota platensis<br />
Speg.); fide IF 5:836 published by Baithelhuber 1987 loc. cit., as "(Speg.)<br />
Desm. & Wright comb. ined."<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
93
94<br />
pleurotoides<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> pleurotoides (Fr.) P.Karst., Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och<br />
den Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p. 22<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) pleurotoides Fr., Fries 1863, Monogr. Suisse I<br />
no. 11c, p.286<br />
accepted name:<br />
h Pleurotus pleurotoides (Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1915, Die Blätterpilze p.446; fide<br />
Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.41<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> pleurotoides (Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:82,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
= Pleurotus albertinii (Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:340; fide<br />
Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p. 40<br />
Painting in Luc<strong>and</strong> 1880, Figures Peintes de Champignons de la France t. 25-77,<br />
does not appear to be an <strong>Armillaria</strong>. It looks like a Limacella or Lepiota. No<br />
further information is available regarding this taxon.<br />
pleurotus, Agaricus SEE lepiota<br />
polymyces<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> polymyces (Pers.) Singer & Clémençon, Singer <strong>and</strong> Clémençon<br />
1972, Nova Hedwigia 23: 311<br />
basionym: Agaricus polymyces Pers., Persoon 1797, Disp. Methodicae<br />
Fungorum p. 19<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink, q.v.; fide Watling et<br />
al., 1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease p.6; fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987,<br />
Mycotaxon 30: 112, Agaricus polymyces Pers. is a superfluous name because <strong>of</strong><br />
all the synonyms listed in the description by Persoon. Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong><br />
Arnolds 1987, loc. cit., also state that Singer <strong>and</strong> Clémençon 1972, Nova<br />
Hedwigia 23: 311 "adopted this name for a fungus obviously identical with<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> ostoyae. "<br />
h Lepiota polymyces (Pers.) Gray, Gray 1821, Natural Arrangements <strong>of</strong> British<br />
Plants 1:603<br />
NOT Agaricus (Lepiota) polymices Secr., Secretan 1833, Mycographie Suisse<br />
146, illegitimate ICBN Art. 64.1 later homonym <strong>of</strong> Agaricus polymyces Pers.,<br />
q.v.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
ponderosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> ponderosa Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:78<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> ponderosa Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:78;<br />
treated as nomen novum for Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) ponderosus Peck, Peck 1874,<br />
Bull. Buff. Soc. Nat. Sci. 1:42, illegitimate name, ICBN Art. 64.1, later<br />
homonym <strong>of</strong> Agaricus ponderosus Pers., Persoon 1828, Myc. Eur. 3: 116; fide<br />
Redhead 1984, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 25:6]<br />
accepted name: = Tricholoma magnivelare (Peck) Redhead, Redhead 1984,<br />
Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 25:6; see extensive discussion <strong>of</strong> this name in Redhead<br />
1984, loc. cit.<br />
h Tricholoma ponderosum (Sacc.) Singer, [as "(Peck) Singer", bibliographical<br />
error], Singer 1949 (1951), Lilloa 22:227<br />
see Smith 1979, Beih. Sydowia 8:368-377, for list <strong>of</strong> other synonyms<br />
praecox<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> praecox Velen., Velenovský 1920, C -<br />
eské Houby, Dil II:282<br />
accepted name: nomen ambiguum fide Marxmüller 1992 Mycotaxon 44:271; fide<br />
Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30:112; fide Antonín 1990, Acta<br />
Mus Moraviae Sci. Nat. 75:130<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> praecox (Velen.) Singer, Singer 1976, Kew Bull. 31 (3): 433<br />
procera<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> procera Speg., Spegazzini 1889, Bol. Acad. Nat. Cienc. Córdoba 11:<br />
385<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> procera Speg., Spegazzini 1889, loc. cit.<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> procera (Speg.) Singer, Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3:11<br />
see also Saccardo 1891, Sylloge Fungorum 9:12<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> procera Speg. sensu Rick [ = Pleurotus rickii Bres., Bresadola<br />
1920, Ann. Mycol. 18: 27] fide Singer (1952) 1953, Sydowia 6:344<br />
= <strong>Armillariella</strong> puiggarii (Speg.) Singer, q.v.; fide Singer 1952 (1953), Sydowia<br />
6:344, but after further study Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3:11 considered<br />
A.procera <strong>and</strong> A.puiggarii as separate <strong>species</strong>.<br />
pseudobulbosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> cepistipes Velen. f. pseudobulbosa Romagn. & Marxmüller 1983,<br />
Romagnesi <strong>and</strong> Marxmüller 1983, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 99(3):310<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> cepistipes Velen.; form designations ab<strong>and</strong>oned<br />
see Marxmüller 1992, Mycotaxon 44:269, because <strong>of</strong> intergradations between<br />
forms.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
95
96<br />
puellula, Clitocybe SEE verrucipes<br />
puiggarii<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> puiggarii Speg., Spegazzini 1889, Bol. Acad. Nat. Cienc. Córdoba<br />
11:384<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> puiggarii Speg., Spegazzini 1889, Bol. Acad.<br />
Nat. Cienc. Códoba 11: 384<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> puiggarii (Speg.) Singer, Singer 1950 (1951), Lilloa 23: 171 this<br />
reference indicates comb. nov, but same combination was mentioned by Singer<br />
1949 (1951), Lilloa 22: 216, although there is no description there<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> procera Speg., q.v.; fide Singer 1952 (1953), Sydowia 6:344, but<br />
after further study Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3: 11 considered A.procera <strong>and</strong><br />
A.puiggarii as separate <strong>species</strong>.<br />
pulveracea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> pulveracea (Peck) Kauffman, Kauffman 1924, Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci.<br />
4:317<br />
basionym: Lepiota pulveracea Peck, Peck 1901, NY State Mus Rept. 54: 144<br />
accepted name:<br />
fide Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10:45, this is a synonym <strong>of</strong> Cystoderma<br />
amianthinum (Swp.:Fr.) Fayod, q.v. [as "Lepiota amianthina (Scop.) Quél" ],<br />
but Murrill listed a number <strong>of</strong> <strong>species</strong> here as synonyms now considered to be<br />
different <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong> Cystoderma, fide Harmaja 1974, Karstenia 14: 122; fide Peck<br />
1901, loc. cit., this <strong>species</strong> is "related to Lepiota granulosa (Batsch) Ricken"<br />
q.v.; We agree it probably belongs in the genus Cystoderma with that <strong>species</strong>.<br />
pulvinatus, Agaricus SEE spongiosa<br />
pusillomyces<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> pusillomyces (Peck) Kauffman, Kauffman, cited in Miller <strong>and</strong> Farr<br />
1975, Bib. Mycologica 44:31; cited in Graham, 1944, Mushrooms <strong>of</strong> the Great<br />
Lakes Region p. 174; We were unable to find the combination <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
pusillomyces (Peck) Kauffman in any <strong>of</strong> Kauffman’s publications.<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Lepiota) pusillomyces Peck, Peck 1876, NY State Mus<br />
Rept. 28:48<br />
accepted name: = Cyscolepiota pusillomyces (Peck) Redhead, Redhead 1987,<br />
Canad J. Bot. 65(8): 1555<br />
h Lepiota pusillomyces (Peck) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:48<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
putrida<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> putrida (Scop.) Murrill, Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10(l):39<br />
basionym: Agaricus putridus Scop., Scopoli 1772, Flora Carniolica Plantas<br />
Camiolae Indigenas 2:420<br />
accepted name: nomen ambiguum, fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987,<br />
Mycotaxon 30: 112, who say description is "too vague to be sure" which <strong>species</strong><br />
is represented<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea sensu lato; fide A.H. Smith 1949, Mushrooms in their<br />
Natural Habitats p.348<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> solidipes Peck, Peck 1900, q.v.; fide Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora<br />
10(l):39<br />
= Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) melleorubens Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Berkeley <strong>and</strong> Curtis<br />
1868, J. Linn. Soc. 10:283; fide Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10(l):39<br />
radicata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. radicata Peck, Peck 1892, NY State<br />
Mus Rept. 44:38<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon.<br />
radicata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. radicata McIlvaine & Macadam.<br />
McIlvaine <strong>and</strong> Macadam 1900, p. 56<br />
accepted name: nomen invalidum, ICBN Art. 64.1, later homonym <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
mellea Vahl var. radicata Peck, Peck 1892, NY State Mus Rept. 44:38; fide<br />
Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace<br />
BRNO p. 33, this is a radicating form <strong>of</strong> A.mellea s.1.<br />
Although McIlvaine <strong>and</strong> Macadam knew <strong>of</strong> Peck’s other varieties (e.g. var.<br />
exannulata) <strong>and</strong> cited them, they did not list Peck as authority for this variety,<br />
<strong>and</strong> it must be assumed they intended to publish a new variety.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
97
98<br />
ramentacea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> ramentacea (Bull.:Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1872, Quélet Champ. Jura<br />
Vosques I in Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:74<br />
basionym: Agaricus ramentaceus Bull., Bulliard 1812, Champ. p.640 t. 595 fig<br />
3<br />
accepted name: h Tricholoma ramentaceum (Bull.:Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914,<br />
Die Blätterpilze p.338<br />
h Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) ramentaceus Bull.:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. I p. 21<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> ramentacea (Bull.:Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
5:76, superfluous comb.<br />
= Agaricus ambiguus Lasch, Lasch 1828, Linnaea 3 n.36; fide Saccardo 1887,<br />
Sylloge Fungorum 5:76<br />
= Agaricus (Lepiota) ochrolaniatus Secr., Secretau 1833, Mycog. Suisse. nr. 47;<br />
nomen invalidum Secretan names not accepted, ICBN Art. 23.6(c) Ex. 10; fide<br />
Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:76<br />
NOT Agaricus ramentaceus sensu Britzelm., Britzelmayr 1891, Hym. Südbayern<br />
nr. 402 [ = Tricholoma cingulatum (Ft.) Jacobasch q.v.; fide Stangl <strong>and</strong><br />
Bresinsky, 1967, Zeits. Pilz. 33:34]<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> ramentacea sensu Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 78 [ = Tricholoma<br />
cingulatum (Fr.) Jacobasch q.v.; fide Bon 1984, Encyclopedia Mycologique 36:<br />
155; fide Riva 1988, Fungi Europaei: Tricholoma p. 2441<br />
NOT Tricholoma ramentaceum sensu Romagn., Romagnesi 1937, original not<br />
seen ( h Tricholoma romagnesii Singer, Singer 1943, Ann. Mycol. 41:82)<br />
NOT Agaricus rumentaceus Krombh., Krombholz 1836, Naturget. Abb.<br />
Schwämme Taf. 25, f. 21-25 [ = Cystoderma carcharios (Pers.) Fayod, q.v.;<br />
fide Fries 1874, Hym. Eur. p. 36 [ as "Agaricus carcharias" ]; fide Saccardo<br />
1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:46 [ as "Lepiota carcharias" ]<br />
raphanica<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> raphanica Murrill, Murrill 1943, Mycologia 35: 422<br />
accepted name: = Lentinula boryana (Berk. & Mont.) Pegler, Pegler 1975,<br />
Kavaka 3:19; fide Singer 1946, Lloydia 9:124 (as Lentinus cubensis Berk. &<br />
M.A. Curtis, Berkeley <strong>and</strong> Curtis 1869, J. Linn. Soc. 10:302, a later name for<br />
this <strong>species</strong>, fide Pegler 1983, World Monogr. Lentinus p.228)<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
hacophora<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> rhacophora (Berk. & Broome) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 5:78<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Tricholoma) rhacophorus Berk. & Broome, Berkeley <strong>and</strong><br />
Broome 1871, J. Linn. Soc. 11:514<br />
accepted name:<br />
fide Berkeley <strong>and</strong> Broom 1871, loc. cit., this <strong>species</strong> is "allied to A.impolitus"<br />
now considered a synonym <strong>of</strong> Tricholoma sulphurescens Bres., so this <strong>species</strong><br />
probably belongs in the genus Tricholoma<br />
rhagadiosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> rhagadiosa (Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1873, Champ. Jura Vosques<br />
supplement 2, in Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard 5: 338<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) rhagadiosus Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Mycol. I p.<br />
30<br />
accepted name: = Neolentinus lepideus (Fr.:Fr.) Redhead & Ginns, Redhead<br />
<strong>and</strong> Ginns 1985, Trans. Mycol. Soc. Japan 26:357; fide Watling et al., 1991<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease p. 6 (as Lentinus lepideus)<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> rhagadiosa (Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:80,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
h Clitocybe rhagadiosa (Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p.363, nr.<br />
1076 (as rhagodiosa)<br />
h Collybia mellea (Vahl:Fr.) Emel ssp. rhagadiosa (Fr.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le<br />
genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.76, published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN<br />
Art. 34.1(b)<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> rhagadiosa sensu Rick 1920, Broteria Ser. Bot. 18(2):52; fide<br />
Singer 1953, Lilloa 26:57, the <strong>species</strong> called this name by Rick is Ripartitella<br />
brasiliensis (Speg.) Singer, Singer 1949 (1951), Lilloa 22:452<br />
rhizopoda, <strong>Armillaria</strong> SEE rhizopus<br />
rhizopus<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> rhizopus (Cooke) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:79 [as<br />
"<strong>Armillaria</strong> rhizopoda" ]<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) rhizopus Cooke, Cooke 1886, Grev. 14:89<br />
accepted name:<br />
fide Cooke 1886, loc. cit., this <strong>species</strong> has a "pileus 1-2 in., stem 2-3 in. long<br />
<strong>and</strong> 1/4 in. thick, <strong>and</strong> is mostly attached to roots <strong>of</strong> grasses, sedges, etc." Its<br />
small size <strong>and</strong> habitat indicate this is not likely a true <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>. Its<br />
proper disposition is unknown.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
99
100<br />
rhodomala<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> rhodomala (Berk. & Broome) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 5:78<br />
basionym: Agaricus rhodomalus Berk. & Broome, Berkeley <strong>and</strong> Broome 1871,<br />
J. Linn. Soc. 11:514<br />
accepted name: = Gymnopilus sp.; fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling 1981, Kavaka<br />
10:81<br />
rhombosporum<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> rhombosponun (G.F. Atk.) Kauffman, Kauffman 1924, Pap. Mich.<br />
Acad. Sci. 4:317<br />
basionym: Lepiota rhombospora G.F. Atk., Atkinson 1918, Proc. Am. Phil.<br />
Soc. 57:356<br />
accepted name: h Flammulaster rhombosporus (G.F. Atk.) Watling, Watling<br />
1967, Notes Roy. Bot. Gdn. Edinburgh 28: 67; fide Scott Redhead (Pers.<br />
Comm.)<br />
h Flammulaster carpophilus (Fr.) Earle var. rhombosporus (G.F. Atk.)<br />
Vellinga, Vellinga 1986, Persoonia 13:10<br />
h Cystoderma rhombosporum (G.F. Atk.) A.H. Smith & Singer, Smith <strong>and</strong><br />
Singer (1944) 1945, Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 30: 99<br />
h Phaeomarasmius rhombosporus (G.F. Atk.) Malloch & Redhead, Malloch <strong>and</strong><br />
Redhead 1979, Fungi Canadense 142<br />
h Naucoria rhombospora (G.F. Atk.) J. Favre, Favre 1948. Mat. Fl. Crypt.<br />
Suisse X, 3: 144<br />
h Flocculina rhombosporum (G.F. Atk.) P.D. Orton, Orton 1960. Trans. Brit.<br />
Mycol. Soc. 43:175<br />
rickenii<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> rickenii Bohus, Bohus 1970, Botanikai Kozlemenyck 57(1):16<br />
accepted name: h Floccularia rickenii (Bohus) Wasser ex Bon, Bon 1990,<br />
Documents Mycologiques 20 (no. 79): 57<br />
h Floccularia rickenii (Bohus) Wasser, Wasser 1974, Nov. Syst. vyssh Rast<br />
1974: 167; fide IF 5:83, this <strong>species</strong> not validly published, no full name <strong>of</strong> author<br />
<strong>and</strong> orig. publication <strong>of</strong> basionym (Wasser cited the page munbers incorrectly)<br />
= Tricholoma luteovirens ss. Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p. 330; fide Moser<br />
1983, Keys to Agarics <strong>and</strong> Boleti p. 150<br />
Wasser’s name has also been transliterated as Vasser.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
ioussetii<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> rioussetii Josser<strong>and</strong>, Josser<strong>and</strong> 1977, Kew Bull. 31(3):525.<br />
accepted name:<br />
From the description this appears to be mycorrhizal, not an <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>.<br />
roblinensis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> roblinensis Velen., Velenovský 1939, Novitates Mycol. p. 78<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> cepistipes Velen., Velenovský 1920, C -<br />
eske<br />
Houby, Dil II:283; fide Antonín 1990, Acta Mus Moraviae Sci. Nat. 75: 131;<br />
but fide Marxmüller 1992, Mycotaxon 44:271 this is a nomen ambiguum<br />
roborosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> roborosa (Britzelm.) Sacc. & Syd., Saccardo <strong>and</strong> Sydow 1899,<br />
Sylloge Fungorum 14:70<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) roborosus Britzelm., Britzelmayr 1895, Hymen.<br />
Kunde p.1 f.658<br />
accepted name: = Tricholoma caligatum (Viv.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, q.v.; fide<br />
Stangl <strong>and</strong> Bresinsky, 1967, Zeits. Pilz. 33:33<br />
robusta<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> robusta (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 81<br />
basionym: Agaricus robustus Alb. & Schwein., Albertini <strong>and</strong> Schweinitz 1805,<br />
Conspectus Fungorum no. 415 p. 147<br />
accepted name: h Tricholoma robustum (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Ricken, Ricken<br />
1914, Die Blätterpilze p.332; fide Watling et al. 1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease<br />
p.6; although Ricken had a different concept <strong>of</strong> the <strong>species</strong> than Albertini &<br />
Schweinitz (see below), this combination in Tricholoma is valid.<br />
h Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) robustus Alb. & Schwein.:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. I<br />
p. 26<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> robusta (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 5:74, superfluous comb.<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> robusta (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1875, Quél. Jura<br />
Champ. Jura Vosques suppl. III, in Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard, 5:433,<br />
superfluous comb.<br />
Note: Tricholoma robustum sensu Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p.332 is<br />
the same as Tricholoma subannulatum (Batsch) Ricken non Peck, q.v.; fide<br />
Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:75; fide Moser 1983, Keys to Agarics <strong>and</strong><br />
Boleti p. 123<br />
romagnesii, Tricholoma SEE ramentacea<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
101
102<br />
rufa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> rufa Quél., Quélet 1881, Jura Suppl. 10, in C.R. Ass. Fr. Av. Sci.<br />
9:661.<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> rufa Quél., Quélet 1881, Jura Suppl. 10, in C.R. Ass. Fr.<br />
Av. Sci. 9661 [based on a fungus described by Battara, the identity <strong>of</strong> which<br />
Quélet did not indicate, although it is probably Sphaerocephalus rufus Battara,<br />
Battara 1755 t. 8 F, but in any case Battara names are not accepted. ICBN<br />
Art.23.6(c) Ex. 10 ]<br />
accepted name: = Tricholoma focale (Ft.) Ricken, q.v.; fide Ricken 1914, Die<br />
Blätterpilze p. 332; fide Lindau <strong>and</strong> Ulbrich 1928, Kryptogamenflora für<br />
Anfänger p. 351; fide Riva 1988, Fungi Europaei: Tricholoma p. 403;<br />
Sphaerocephalus rufus Battara, Battara 1755 t. 8 F is also cited by Fries 1838,<br />
Epicr. p. 20, as a synonym <strong>of</strong> Agaricus focalis Fr.<br />
= Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) causetta Barla, Barla 1859, Champ. Nice. p. 16 t. 9 &<br />
10 f. 4-7; fide Quélet 1881, loc. cit.<br />
h Tricholoma rufum (Quél.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.75,<br />
published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN Art. 34.1(b)<br />
rugoso-reticulata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> rugoso-reticulata (FLorinser) Zeller, Zeller 1933, Mycologia 25:378<br />
basionym: Agaricus (Lepiota) rugoso-reticulatus F.Lorinser, Lorinser 1879,<br />
Oest. Bot. Zeitschrift 29:23<br />
accepted name: h Cystoderma rugosoreticulatum (F.Lorinser) Wasser, Wasser<br />
1978, Ukr. bot. Zh. 35(5): 518<br />
h Cystoderma amianthinum (Scop.:Fr.) Fayod var. typicum f. rugosoreticulatum<br />
(FLorinser) A.H. Smith & Singer, Smith <strong>and</strong> Singer 1944 (1945), Pap. Mich.<br />
Acad. Sci. 30: 110<br />
Wasser’s name has also been transliterated as Vasser.<br />
sajor-caju, Lentinus SEE dactyliophora<br />
saltensis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> saltensis Speg., Spegazzini 1899, Anales de1 Museo National de<br />
Buenos Aires 6:99<br />
accepted name: nomen dubium fide Singer 1952, Sydowia 6:345, no extant type,<br />
not an <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong><br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
saviczii<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> saviczii (Singer) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V<br />
Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.42<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillariella</strong> saviczii Singer, Singer 1938, Bot. Mater. ( Not. Sys.<br />
Sect. Crypt. Inst. Acad. Scient. URSS), vol 4 fasc 10-12: p.6 (not seen,<br />
redescribed in Singer 1956, Lloydia 19(3):178)<br />
accepted name:<br />
fide Romagnesi <strong>and</strong> Marxmüller 1983, Bull. Mycol. Soc. France 99:301-324, this<br />
may be identical to <strong>Armillaria</strong> cepistipes f. pseudobulbosa q.v.; fide<br />
Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30:113, this "may very well not fit<br />
into one <strong>of</strong> Korhonen’s <strong>species</strong>, if it belongs to A.mellea agg. at all"<br />
schreieri<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> schreieri (Maire & Konrad) Zerov in Zerov & Peresipkin, Zerov &<br />
Peresipkin 1979, Viznachnik Gribiv Ukraini [Guide to the fungi <strong>of</strong> the Ukraine]<br />
5, Basidiomycetes (2):288; invalid comb., no full reference to basionym given.<br />
ICBN Art. 33<br />
basionym: h Squamanita schreieri Imbach ex Imbach, Imbach 1946, Mitt.<br />
Naturf. Ges. Luzern 16:83<br />
accepted name: h Squamanita schreieri Imbach ex Imbach, Imbach 1946, loc.<br />
cit.; fide Singer 1962, Agaricales p. 242<br />
Imbach 1942, Schweiz. Zeits. Pilzk. 20: 130,152, had earlier mentioned this<br />
<strong>species</strong> as "Squamamanita schreieri Imbach," but this genus name is not validly<br />
published since it is a nomen nudum [no Latin description, invalid ICBN Art.<br />
36.11 However Imbach’s (1942) epithet should be treated as a "protonym" for<br />
Imbach’s (1946) later epithet. (ICBN Art. 68.1). There is some controversy<br />
surrounding the authority citation for this name, which is <strong>of</strong>ten cited as<br />
"Squamanita schreieri Imbach," Imbach 1946, Mitt. Naturf. Ges. Luzern 16:83;<br />
e.g. fide Bas 1965, Persoonia 3:337; fide Redhead et al. 1994, Canad. J. Bot.<br />
72: 1817.<br />
h Tricholoma schreieri Maire & Konrad, Maire 1945, Bulletin Soc. Hist.<br />
Naturelle de 1’Afrique du Nord 36: 27. This name is legitimate <strong>and</strong> validly<br />
published, but the epithet may only be used in the genus Tricholoma. Maire <strong>and</strong><br />
Konrad (1945) did not mention Imbach’s 1942 description, <strong>and</strong> we assume they<br />
did not know <strong>of</strong> it. All these authors named the <strong>species</strong> after Schreier, who had<br />
illustrated the <strong>species</strong> as Tricholoma X (Schreier 1938, Schweiz. Zeits.<br />
Pilzkunde, 7:97-100).<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
103
104<br />
scruposa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> scruposa (Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 81<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) scruposus Fr., Fries 1838, Epicr. p.22<br />
accepted name: = Limacella furnacea (Letell.) E.J. Gilbert, Gilbert, La Spore<br />
Champ. p. 96; fide Gilbert 1928, Bull. Mycol. Soc. Fr. 44:165<br />
sinapina<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> sinapina Bérubé & Dessur., Bérubé & Dessurealt 1988, Can. J. Bot.<br />
66:2030<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> sinapina Bérubé & Dessur., Bérubé & Dessurealt<br />
1988, loc. cit.<br />
North American Biological Species V<br />
singula<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> singula Cha & Igarashi, in Cha, Sung, <strong>and</strong> Igarashi 1994,<br />
Mycoscience 35:45<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> singula Cha & Igarashi, in Cha, Sung, <strong>and</strong><br />
Igarashi 1994, loc. cit.<br />
singularis<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> singularis (Höhn.) Singer, Singer 1949 (1951), Lilloa 22:216<br />
basionym: Aeruginospora singularis Höhn., Höhnel 1908, Frag. zur Mykol.<br />
nr. 172 p. 1011<br />
accepted name: h Camarophyllus singularis (Höhn.) Singer, Singer 1973, Beih.<br />
Sydowia 7:3<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
socialis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> socialis (DC: Fr.) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V<br />
Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.44<br />
basionym: Agaricus socialis DC, deC<strong>and</strong>olle 1815, Flora Francais 6:48<br />
accepted name:<br />
Watling et al. 1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease p. 5, adopted this name for a<br />
European exannulate <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong>. Because <strong>of</strong> the confusion surrounding<br />
the exact identity <strong>of</strong> deC<strong>and</strong>olle’s <strong>species</strong> <strong>and</strong> the fact that Fries considered it at<br />
different times in two tribes (Flammula <strong>and</strong> Collybia) characterized by different<br />
spore colors, it is best considered a nomen dubium.<br />
h Agaricus (Flammula) socialis DC:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. 1:251. Fries<br />
placed this <strong>species</strong> in Ser. Cortinarius ("sporid. ferruginea" p.10), tribe<br />
Flammula with Agaricus alnicola, A. flavidus, A. ilicinus, <strong>and</strong> A. astragalinus,<br />
all now considered members <strong>of</strong> the genus Pholiota.<br />
h Clitocybe socialis (DC:Fr.) Bigeard & Guillemin, Bigeard <strong>and</strong> Guillemin<br />
1913, Flore des Champignons Supérieurs de France p. 83. Invalid ICBN Art.<br />
64.1, later homonym <strong>of</strong> Clitocybe socialis (Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p.<br />
159<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> tabescens (Swp.) Emel, q.v.; Agaricus socialis DC was considered<br />
a synonym <strong>of</strong> Agaricus tabescens Scop. by Fries 1874, Hym. Eur. p. 111. In any<br />
case Scopoli’s (1772) epithet is older than DeC<strong>and</strong>olle’s (1815).<br />
NOT Agaricus (Clitocybe) socialis Fr., Fries 1867, Icon. t.49 f.2; see also Hym.<br />
Eur. p. 83, p. 111 . Illegitimate ICBN Art. 64.1 --later homonym <strong>of</strong> Agaricus<br />
socialis DC 1815, q.v. <strong>and</strong> Agaricus socialis DC:Fr., Fries 1821 loc. cit.<br />
[ h Clitocybe socialis (Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 159, h Clitocybe<br />
socialis (Fr.) P.Karst., Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska<br />
halföns Hattsvampar p. 61, superfluous comb.]<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
105
106<br />
solidipes<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> solidipes Peck, Peck 1900, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 27(12):611<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> solidipes Peck, Peck 1900, loc. cit. We examined<br />
the type specimen, FH, this is a true <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>, but it is not known<br />
whether it is conspecific with any other <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong>.<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> putrida (Scop.) Murrill, Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10(1):39,<br />
fide Murrill 1914, loc. cit. ; fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon<br />
30: 113, A.putrida is a nomen ambiguum<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> solidipes (Peck) T.J. Baroni, Baroni 1981, Mycologia 73(1):186<br />
NOT Agaricus solidipes Peck, Peck 1904, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 31:180<br />
NOT Lepiota solidipes Peck, Peck 1899, Bull. N.Y. State Mus. 5:647<br />
[ h Limacella solidipes (Peck) H.V. Smith, H.V. Smith 1944 (1945), Pap. Mich.<br />
Acad. Sci. 30: 142 ]<br />
solitaria, Amanita SEE echinocephala <strong>and</strong> strobiliformis<br />
sparrei<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> sparrei (Singer) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V<br />
Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.43<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillariella</strong> sparrei Singer, Singer 1956, Lloydia 19: 183<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> sparrei (Singer) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká<br />
Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.43; fide Garrido<br />
1985, Index Agaricalium Chilensium, Bib. Mycologica 99124<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> sparrei (Singer) Kile & Watling, Kile & Watling 1983, Trans.<br />
Brit. Mycol. Soc. 81(1):136, superfluous comb.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
spongiosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> spongiosa P.Karst., Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den<br />
Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p. 23.<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> spongiosa P.Karst., Karsten 1879, loc. cit., treated as a<br />
nomen novum (Karsten cited this <strong>species</strong> as "<strong>Armillaria</strong> spongiosa (Fr.)<br />
P.Karst.," but his basionym, presumably Agaricus (Pleurotus) spongiosus Fr., is<br />
illegitimate. see below)<br />
accepted name: h Pleurotus spongiosus (P.Karst.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887,<br />
Sylloge Fungorum 5:340, [as "(Fr.) Sacc. " ]<br />
h Agaricus (Pleurotus) spongiosus Fr., Fries 1838, Epicr. p. 130, is presumably<br />
a nomen novum for the cited <strong>species</strong> Lasch nr. 548, (in Linnaea 1829), which is<br />
Agaricus pulvinatus Pers., Persoon 1801, Syn. Meth. Fung. p. 370. The new<br />
name, Agaricus spongiosus Fr.. is illegitimate (ICBN Art. 64.1) as a later<br />
homonym <strong>of</strong> Agaricus spongiosus Withering 1796? Arr. p. 200, (cited in Fries<br />
1821, Syst. Myc. 1:212 as a synonym for Agaricus brunneus Fr.; We have seen<br />
a redescription <strong>of</strong> Agaricus spongiosus in Withering’s fifth edition 1812 p. 235)<br />
Fries’ 1838 name is also a synonym <strong>of</strong> Agaricus spongiosus Schumach.,<br />
Schumacher 1803, Enumeratio Plantarum p. 311 (cited in Fries 1821, Syst. Myc.<br />
1:121 as a synonym for Agaricus butyraceus Fr.)<br />
squamea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> squamea Barla, Barla 1887, Bull. Soc. Mycol. France 3:139<br />
accepted name: = Tricholoma focale (Fr.) Ricken, q.v.; fide Riva 1988, Fungi<br />
Europaei: Tricholoma p. 403<br />
h Collybia mellea (Vahl:Fr.) Emel f. squamea (Barla) Emel, Emel 1921, Le<br />
genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.76, published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN<br />
Art. 34.1(b)<br />
Not an <strong>Armillaria</strong>; according to Barla’s description, this taxon has a relationship<br />
with <strong>Armillaria</strong> robusta <strong>and</strong> A. causetta, now considered to be in Tricholoma,<br />
<strong>and</strong> with A. imperialis, now in Catathelasma<br />
squamosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> squamosa Massee, Massee 1908, Bull. Bot. Gard. Kew 1:1908 p. 2.<br />
accepted name: h Amanita squamosa (Massee) Comer & Bas, Comer <strong>and</strong> Bas<br />
1962, Persoonia 2(3):262<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
107
108<br />
squamosidisca<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> squamosidisca (Murrill) Murrill, Murrill 1944, Mycologia 36: 122<br />
basionym: Marasmius squamosidiscus Murrill, Murrill 1940, Bull. Torr. Bot.<br />
Club 67: 151<br />
accepted name: = Ripartitella brusiliensis (Speg.) Singer, Singer 1949 (1951),<br />
Lilloa 22:452; fide Pegler 1983, World Monogr. Lentinus p. 235<br />
= Lentodium floridanum Murrill, Murrill 1943, Mycologia 35:426; fide Murrill<br />
1944, Mycologia 36:122; fide Singer 1946, Lloydia 9: 128 [ h Lentinus floridanus<br />
(Murrill) Murrill, Murrill 1943, Mycologia 35:433, alternative name in same<br />
publication]<br />
h Ripartitella squamosidisca (Murrill) Singer, Singer 1946, Lloydia 9: 128 ; fide<br />
Hongo 1977, Mem. Natn. Sci. Mus., Tokyo 10:35<br />
sterilis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> edodes (Berk.) Sacc. forma sterilis Iwade, Iwade 1944, Bull. Tokyo.<br />
Univ. For. 33: 56<br />
accepted name: h Lentinula edodes (Berk.) Pegler, Pegler 1975, Kavaka 3:20<br />
h Cortinellus edodes (Berk.) Sawada forma sterilis Iwade, 1944, Bull. Tokyo.<br />
Univ. For. 33:56 [alternative name on the same page]<br />
stipitis, Agaricus SEE mellea<br />
straminea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> straminea (Krombh.) P.Kumm., Kummer 1871, Führ. Pilz. p.134<br />
basionym: Agaricus stramineus Krombh., Krombholz 1836, Naturget. Abb.<br />
Schwämme Taf. 25, Bild 8-14, p. 12-13<br />
accepted name: = Floccularia luteovirens (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Pouzar,<br />
Pouzar 1957, C -<br />
eská Mykol. 11:49; fide Singer 1962, Agaricales in Modem<br />
Taxonomy p.304; fide Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:75<br />
h Floccularia straminea (Krombh.) Pouzar, Pouzar 1957, C -<br />
eská Mykol. 11:50<br />
There is some controversy over whether F.luteovirens truly represents the same<br />
tazon described by Krombholz, although most authors have placed them in<br />
synonymy.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
stobiliformis<br />
Amilluria strobiliformis (Paulet ex Vittad.) Locq., Locquin 1952, Bull. trimest.<br />
Soc. Mycol. France 68:167. no description or indication <strong>of</strong> new sp. or comb.<br />
basionym: Hypophyllum strobilifome Paulet, Paulet 1812-35, Iconogr. Champ.<br />
pl. 162 fig 1 [generic name not validly published fide Bas 1969, Persoonia 5:519]<br />
accepted name: h Amanita strobiliformis (Paulet ex Vittad.) Bertillon, Bertillon<br />
1866 (1869 according to title page), in Dechambre. Diet. Encycl. Sci. médic. I<br />
3:499; fide Bas 1969, Persoonia 5:519<br />
h Agaricus strobilifomis Paulet ex Vittad., Vittadini 1832, Descr. Funghi<br />
Manger. p.59 p1.2<br />
h Amanita strobiliformis (Paulet ex Vittad.) Quél., Quélet 1872, Champ. Jura<br />
Vosques I in Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:68, superfluous comb.<br />
h Amanita solitaria (Bull.:Fr.) Mérat var. strobiliformis (Paulet ex Vittad.)<br />
Costantin & Dufour, Costantin <strong>and</strong> Dufour 189 1, Nouvelle Flore des<br />
Champignons ed. 1 (Paris, France: P.Dupont) p.3; fide Bas 1969 Persoonia<br />
5:519, this is a misapplied name.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
109
110<br />
subannulata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> subannulata (Batsch) Quél., Quélet 1875, p. 541; plate I t.4; p. 549<br />
basionym: Agaricus subannulatus Batach, Batsch 1783, Elenchus Fungorum p.76<br />
accepted name: h Tricholoma subannulatum (Batsch) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die<br />
Blätterpilze p.333; this name was published <strong>and</strong> accepted by Ricken 1914, loc.<br />
cit., <strong>and</strong> has nomenclatural priority over Tricholoma subannulatum (Murrill)<br />
Zeller, Zeller 1922, q.v.<br />
h Tricholoma subannulatum (Batsch) Bres., Bresadola 1927, Icon. Mycol. 2:<br />
Tab 63.) superfluous comb.<br />
h Tricholoma subannulatum (Batsch) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
p.75, published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN Art. 34.1(b)<br />
h Tricholoma albo-brunneum (Pers.) Ricken var. subannulata (Batsch) Luc<strong>and</strong>,<br />
Luc<strong>and</strong> 1880, Figures Peintes de Champignons de la France, fig. 35-353<br />
= Tricholoma fracticum (Britzelm.) Kreissel, Kreisel 1984, Feddes. Repert. 95<br />
(9-10): 700; fide Gulden 1992, Nordic Macromycetes 2: 186.<br />
= Tricholoma batschii Gulden, Gulden 1969, Musseronflora Slekten. Tricholoma<br />
(Fr. ex Fr.) Kummer sensu lato (Agaricales) Oslo-Bergen-Tromse; nomen novum<br />
for this <strong>species</strong> when Tricholoma subannulatum (Peck) Zeller, 1922, was thought<br />
to have nomenclatural priority over Tricholoma subannulatum (Batach) Bres.,<br />
1927<br />
= Tricholoma robustum (Alb. & Schwein.:Fr.) Ricken, ss. Ricken 1914, Die<br />
Blätterpilze p.332; fide Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:75; fide Moser<br />
1983, Keys to Agarics <strong>and</strong> Boleti p. 123<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> subannulata Peck, Peck 1909, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 36:330,<br />
q.v. [ h Tricholoma subannulatum (Murrill) Zeller, Zeller 1922, q.v.]<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
subannulata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> subannulata Peck, Peck 1909, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 36:330.<br />
Illegitimate name ICBN Art. 64.1. later homonym <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> subannulata<br />
(Batsch) Quél., q.v.<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> subannulata Peck, Peck 1909, lot. cit.<br />
accepted name:<br />
Kristen M. Shanks (Duke Univ., Pers. Comm.) has studied the type specimens <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> subannulata Peck <strong>and</strong> Tricholoma californicum (Murrill) Murrill<br />
[Murrill 1913, Mycologia 5:223] These two <strong>species</strong> are synonyms fide Murrill<br />
1914, N. Amer. Flora 10: 30. Both belong in the genus Tricholoma, but the type<br />
specimens are in such poor condition that it is not possible to determine if these<br />
<strong>species</strong> are conspecific. If conspecific, Tricholoma californicum would be the<br />
correct name for this <strong>species</strong>, since it is the earliest available epithet in<br />
Tricholoma. If the two type specimens represent different <strong>species</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
subannulata Peck would need a new name in Tricholoma, because Tricholoma<br />
subannulatum (Batsch) Ricken (1914) has priority over Tricholoma subannulatum<br />
(Murrill) Zeller, Zeller 1922, q.v.<br />
h Melanoleuca subannulata Murrill, Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10:30;<br />
treated as a nomen novum for <strong>Armillaria</strong> subannulata Peck, q.v., an illegitimate<br />
name; see Murrill 1914, loc. cit. for other synonyms<br />
h Tricholoma subannulatum (Murrill) Zeller, Zeller 1922, Mycologia 19: 187;<br />
Petrak 1922-28 p. 674, Illegitimate ICBN Art. 64.1, later homonym <strong>of</strong><br />
Tricholoma subannulatum (Batsch) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p.333,<br />
q.v.<br />
NOT <strong>Armillaria</strong> subannulata (Batsch) Quél., Quélet 1875, p. 541; plate I t.4; p.<br />
549, q.v.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
111
112<br />
subcaligata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> subcaligata A.H. Smith & P.M. Rea, Smith <strong>and</strong> Rea 1944, Mycologia<br />
36:128<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> subcaligata A.H. Smith & P.M. Rea, Smith <strong>and</strong> Rea<br />
1944, Mycologia 36:128<br />
accepted name: h Amanita subcaligata (A.H. Smith & P.M. Rea) A.H. Smith<br />
ex Tulloss, comb. nov. Rod Tulloss (Pers. Comm.) has examined the type <strong>of</strong> this<br />
<strong>species</strong> <strong>and</strong> believes it belongs in the genus Amanita. He has agreed to publish<br />
the new combination here. A formal redescription <strong>of</strong> the <strong>species</strong> will be published<br />
later (Tulloss, Pers. Comm.). Smith made the combination in an unfinished <strong>and</strong><br />
unpublished manuscript on Amanita, currently being revised by Tulloss; This<br />
fulfills the tenets <strong>of</strong> ICBN Recommendation 50A.2, <strong>and</strong> thus "the word ‘ex’<br />
should be used in citations to connect the names <strong>of</strong> the two authors. "<br />
h Floccularia subcaligata (A.H. Smith & P.M. Rea) Bon, Bon 1991,<br />
Documents Mycologiques 21 (no. 81) :55<br />
h Amanita subcaligata (A.H. Smith & P.M. Rea) A.H. Smith; Smith made this<br />
combination in an unfinished <strong>and</strong> unpublished manuscript, <strong>and</strong> thus is not validly<br />
published; fide Smith 1979, Beih. Sydowia 8:375, this taxon probably belongs in<br />
the genus Amanita but formal combination not made.<br />
subcava<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> subcava (Schumach.:Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 76<br />
basionym: Agaricus subcava Schumach., Schumacher 1803, Enumeratio<br />
Plantarum p.262; redescribed by Schumacher 1825, Fl. Dan. t. 1843<br />
accepted name: not known; fide Watling et al. <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease p.6,<br />
probably a Limacella ; fide Scott Redhead, Pers. Comm., almost certainly not a<br />
Limacella<br />
h Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) subcavus Schumach.:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. 1 p.<br />
28<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> subcava (Schumach.:Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, superfluous comb.<br />
h Clitocybe subcava (Schumach.:Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze<br />
p.363; nr. 1077<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> subconcava "Schum.-Ricken", as cited by Kauffman 1923, Pap.<br />
Mich. Acad. Sci. 2:59. Orthographic error in epithet by Kauffman.<br />
subconcava, <strong>Armillaria</strong> SEE subcava<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
subcinerescens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> subcinerescens Rick, Rick 1961, Iheringa Sér. Bot. 8:307<br />
accepted name:<br />
NOT Tricholoma subcinerescens Rick, Rick 1937, Lilloa 1:313<br />
Rick makes no mention <strong>of</strong> this <strong>species</strong> having an annulus. No further information<br />
is available regarding this taxon.<br />
subdehiscens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> subdehiscens (Britzelm.) Sacc., Saccardo 1895, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
11:8<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) subdehiscens Britzelm., Britzelmayr 1891,<br />
Hym. Südbayr. VII pl. 1 f.325,422<br />
accepted name: = Tricholoma aurantium (Schaeff.:Fr.) Ricken, q.v.; fide<br />
Stangl <strong>and</strong> Bresinsky 1967, Zeits. Pilz. 33:33<br />
subimperialis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> subimperialis (Britzelm.) Sacc., Saccardo 1895, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
11:7<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) subimperialis Britzelm., Britzelmayr 1891,<br />
Hym. Südbayr. IX p.2 f.138469<br />
accepted name: = Catathelasma imperiale (Fr.) Singer q.v.; fide Stangl <strong>and</strong><br />
Bresinsky, 1967, Zeits. Pilz. 33:33<br />
subpessundatum, Tricholoma SEE badicephala<br />
sulfurea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. sulfurea (Weinm.) PKarst., Karsten<br />
1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p.22<br />
basionym: ?Agaricus melleus var. sulfureus Weinm., Weimnann 1836, Hymeno<br />
& Gasteromycetes hucusque in imperio Rossico observanti. Saint-Pétersbourg. -original<br />
not seen, cited in Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och den<br />
Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p.22; cited in Bigeard <strong>and</strong> Guillemin 1909, p.<br />
69; cited in P.M. Rea 1922, Brit. Basidiomycetae p. 109. We are unsure <strong>of</strong> the<br />
basionym for this <strong>species</strong>.<br />
accepted name:<br />
fide Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace<br />
BRNO p. 33, this is a yellow-gilled form <strong>of</strong> Amellea s.1.<br />
sulphurescens, Tricholoma SEE rhacophora<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
113
114<br />
tabescens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> tabescens (Swp.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> Fr., sa<br />
suppression de la systématiqué bot. Thése. Université de Strasbourg, p. 50.<br />
basionym: Agaricus tabescens Scop., Scopoli 1772, Flora Camiolica Plantas<br />
Camiolae Indigenas no. 1537, p.446. [ As the basis for his <strong>species</strong>, Scopoli cited<br />
Haller 1753, Enumeratio plantarum horti regii et agri., but this work is pre-<br />
Linnean (see Fuchs, 1963, Taxon 12:205) <strong>and</strong> the names in it are invalid (ICBN<br />
Art. 13. Id); fide Donald Pfister, Pers. Comm. ]<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> tabescens (Scop.) Emel, Emel 1921, loc. cit. This<br />
combination is legitimate <strong>and</strong> validly published (see introduction to this paper).<br />
[ Although this is sometimes cited as "<strong>Armillaria</strong> tabescens (Scop.:Fr.) Emel,"<br />
Fries should not be cited as validating Scopoli’s name because the date for valid<br />
publication is 1753 (ICBN Art. 13.ld). Moreover, Fries did not mention<br />
Agaricus tabescens until Fries 1838, Epicrisis p. 33.1<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> tabescens (Scop.) Dennis, Orton & Hora, Dennis Orton & Hora<br />
1960, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. suppl. p. 18. Although Dennis et al. did not<br />
claim to be making a new combination, the <strong>species</strong> has been cited with them as<br />
the authorities for the combination. However, their combination is superfluous.<br />
h Agaricus (Tricholoma) tabescens Scop. ex Fr., Fries 1838, Epicrisis p. 33.<br />
h Agaricus (Collybia) tabescens Scop. ex Fr., Fries 1874, Hym. Eur. p. 111<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> tabescens (Scop.) Singer, Singer 1943, Ann. Mycol. 41:19<br />
h Clitocybe tabescens (Scop.) Bres., Bresadola 1900, Fungi Tridentini 2:84; fide<br />
Ricken 1914, Die Blätterpilze p.383; fide Dennis, Orton, & Hora 1960 Trans.<br />
Brit. Mycol. Soc. supplement 1960, the new combination was made by Bresadola<br />
in 1928, but this reference is incorrect<br />
h Clitocybe tabescens (Scop.) Boud., Boudier 1904, Iwnes Mycologicae t. 1 pl.<br />
61, text Icones Mycologicae t.4 p. 31, superfluous comb.<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. tabescens (Scowp.) P.M. Rea &<br />
Ramsb., Rea <strong>and</strong> Ramsbottom 1917, Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 5:352<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. tabescens (Scop.) P.M. Rea, Rea<br />
1922, Brit. Basidiomycet., p. 110, superfluous combination<br />
h Collybia mellea (Vahl:Fr.) Emel ssp. tabescens (Scop.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le<br />
genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.76, published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN<br />
Art. 34.1(b)<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> socialis (DC) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V<br />
Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.44 [ as "(DC:Fr.) Herink" ] sensu<br />
Watling et al., 1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease p. 5; fide Fries 1874, Hym. Eur.<br />
p. 111, but see discussion under socialis.<br />
= Lentinus caespitosus Berk., Berkeley 1868, Lond. Jour. Bot. 6:317; fide<br />
Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3: 13; fide Pegler 1983, World Monogr. Lentinus<br />
p. 224. [ h Agaricus caespitosus (Berk.) Berk. & M.A. Curtis, h Pleurotus<br />
caespitosus (Berk.) Sacc., h Monadelphus caespitosus (Berk.) Murrill ]<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. exannulata Peck, Peck 1893, NY<br />
State Mus. Rept. State Botanist 46: 134; fide Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3:13<br />
= Clitocybe aquatica Banning in Peck, Peck 1892, Ann. Rept. NY State Mus.<br />
44: 180; fide Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3: 13; fide Bigelow 1985, Beih. Nov.<br />
Hedw. 81:425<br />
= Clitocybe parasitica Wilcox, Wilcox 1901, Bull. Oklahoma Exp. Sta. 49: 18;<br />
fide Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3:13<br />
= <strong>Armillaria</strong> gymnopodia (Bull.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.52;<br />
fide Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p.52; fide Bresadola 1900, Fungi Tridentini<br />
II fasc. 14 p. 251.<br />
= Agaricus monadelphus Morgan, Morgan 1883, J. Cincinnati Soc. Nat. Hist.<br />
6:69; fide Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3: 13; See additional discussion under<br />
monadelpha.<br />
terreii, Cystoderma SEE cinnabarina, granulosa<br />
tigrensis<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> tigrensis (Singer) Raithelh., Raithelhuber 1983, Metrodiana<br />
Sonderheft 2:3<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillariella</strong> puiggarii (Speg.) Singer subsp. tigrensis Singer, Singer<br />
1970, Flora Neotropica Monogr. 3:8<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> tigrensis (Singer) Volk & Burdsall comb. nov. ;<br />
Until cultures are obtained <strong>and</strong> studied this must be considered a separate <strong>species</strong><br />
<strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong>. We interpret the description as a true <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong> <strong>and</strong><br />
provide the appropriate new combination.<br />
tumescens<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> tumescens (Viv.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:80<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) tumescens Viv., Viviani 1834, Funghi d’Italia t.<br />
31 p. 35-36<br />
accepted name:<br />
Description <strong>and</strong> picture do not appear to be a true <strong>Armillaria</strong>, annulate, pale<br />
orange to buff gills; fide Saccardo 1887, loc. cit., "habitus Tricholomatis"<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
115
116<br />
tympanitica<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> tympanitica (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 5:86<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) tympaniticus Berk. & M.A. Curtis, Berkeley<br />
<strong>and</strong> Curtis 1858, Proc. Amer. Acad. Sci. Boston 4:111 (also cited as N. Pac.<br />
exp. n.4)<br />
accepted name:<br />
Berkeley <strong>and</strong> Curtis 1858, loc. cit., indicate that taxon is "allied to A.mucidus"<br />
q.v. now placed in Oudemansiella; No further information is available regarding<br />
this taxon.<br />
umbilicata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> umbilicata (Pat.) Sacc. & Syd., Saccardo <strong>and</strong> Sydow 1902, Sylloge<br />
Fungorum 16:19<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillariella</strong> umbilicata Pat., Patouillard 1899, Bull. Soc. Mycol.<br />
France 15:191<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon. Patouillard’s description<br />
suggests this is a true <strong>Armillaria</strong> with affinities to <strong>Armillaria</strong> melleo-rubens<br />
(Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Sacc. q.v. Its true disposition is not known.<br />
umbonata<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> umbonata (Sumst.) Murrill, Murrill 1914, N. Amer. Flora 10(l):38<br />
basionym: Vaginata umbonata Sumst., Sumstine 1914, Mycologia 6:35<br />
accepted name: h Squamanita umbonata (Sumst.) Bas, Bas 1965, Persoonia<br />
3:33; fide Redhead et al. 1994, Canad. J. Bot. 72:1817<br />
umbrinobrunnea<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> montagnei Singer var. umbrinobrunnea Singer, Singer 1956,<br />
Lloydia 19:183<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká<br />
Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V Brné Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.42; fide<br />
Garrido, 1985, Index Agaricalium Chilensium, Bib. Mycologica 99:23 [as "A.<br />
obscura" ]; fide Watling et al., 1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease, p.5, (as var.<br />
umbrinolutea Singer, see below)<br />
h <strong>Armillariella</strong> montagnei Singer var. umbrinolutea Singer, cited in Watling et<br />
al. 1991, see below.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
umbrinolutea<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> montagnei Singer var. umbrinolutea Singer, cited in Watling et al.<br />
1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> root disease p.5 as a synonym <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong> ostoyae (Romagn.)<br />
Herink. This taxon does not exist. It is an orthographic variant <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> montagnei Singer var. umbrinobrunnea Singer, Singer 1956,<br />
Lloydia 19:183<br />
basionym: none<br />
accepted name: = <strong>Armillaria</strong> ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink, q.v.; fide Watling et<br />
al., 1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease, p.5<br />
vagans<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> vagans (Fr.) Gillet, Gillet 1874, Les Hym. p. 82<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) vagans Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. I p. 29<br />
(based on Fungus vagus alter Battara, Battara 1755 t.8 C D E; but Battara names<br />
are not accepted. ICBN Art.23.6(c) Ex. 10)<br />
accepted name: nomen dubium fide Watling et al. 1991, <strong>Armillaria</strong> Root Disease<br />
p. 6<br />
vara<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> vara (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:83<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) varus Berk., Berkeley 1850, Hooker’s J. Bot.<br />
2:45 nr. 246<br />
accepted name: nomen dubium fide Ch<strong>and</strong>ra <strong>and</strong> Watling 1981, Kavaka 10:76;<br />
fide Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3:16, this is a synonym <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
omnituens (Berk.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:84<br />
ventricosa<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> ventricosa (Peck) Peck, Peck 1907, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 34:104<br />
basionym: Lentinus ventricosus Peck, Peck 1896, Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 23:414<br />
accepted name: h Catathelasma ventricosa (Peck) Singer, Singer 1940, Rev.<br />
Mycologie 5:9<br />
h Biannularia ventricosa (Peck) Pomerleau, Pomerleau 1980, Naturaliste Ca.<br />
107: 303<br />
h Biannularia ventricosa (Peck) Pomerl., Pomerleau 1980, Flore des Champ.<br />
Québec p. 308 nomen invalidum, ICBN Art. 33.2, basionym <strong>and</strong> reference not<br />
cited<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
117
118<br />
verrucipes<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> verrucipes Fr. in Quél., Quélet 1872, Champ. Jura Vosques I in<br />
Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:317<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillaria</strong> verrucipes Fr. in Quél., Quélet 1872, Champ. Jura<br />
Vosques I in Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:317 (cited in Fries 1874, Hym.<br />
Eur. p. 43, as "Quél. Jura p. 304 t.11 f. 1")<br />
accepted name: h Melanoleuca verrucipes (Fr. in Quél.) Singer, Singer 1935,<br />
Etude systématique de Melanoleuca d’Europe; original not seen, cited in Singer<br />
1943, Ann. Mycol. 41:52; fide Pomerleau 1980, Flore des Champ. Québec p.<br />
304; fide Moser 1983, Keys to Agarics <strong>and</strong> Boleti p. 147<br />
h <strong>Armillaria</strong> verrucipes (Fr. in Quél.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum<br />
5:78, superfluous comb.<br />
h Tricholoma verrucipes (Fr. in Quél.) Costantin & Dufour, Costantin &<br />
Dufour 1891, Nouvelle Flores Champignons, p. 13<br />
h Tricholoma verrucipes (Fr. in Quél.) Bres., Bresadola 1892, Fungi Tridentini<br />
2:5 no. 137, superfluous comb.<br />
h Tricholoma verrucipes (Fr. in Quél.) Bigeard & Guillemin, Bigeard <strong>and</strong><br />
Guillemin 1909, Flore des Champignons Supérieurs de France p. 83, superfluous<br />
comb.<br />
h Clitocybe verrucipes (Fr. in Quél.) Emel, Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
p.76, published as a provisional combination, invalid, ICBN Art. 34.1(b)<br />
= Clitocybe puellula (P.Karst.) PKarst., Karsten 1879, Ryssl<strong>and</strong>s, Finl<strong>and</strong>s och<br />
den Sk<strong>and</strong>anviska halföns Hattsvampar p. 65; fide Singer 1949 (1951), Lilloa<br />
22:249; fide Emel 1921, Le genre <strong>Armillaria</strong> p. 37; fide Bigeard <strong>and</strong> Guillemin<br />
1913, Flore des Champignons Supérieurs de France v. 2 p. 53<br />
versicolor<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. versicolor (With.:Fr.) W.G. Smith,<br />
Smith 1908, Synopsis British Basidiomycetes p.30<br />
basionym: Agaricus versicolor With., Withering 1812, Systematic arrangement<br />
<strong>of</strong> British Plants 4: 197. We have seen Withering’s <strong>species</strong> characterization in the<br />
Fifth edition <strong>of</strong> this work (1812); however, the fungus was likely initially<br />
described in one <strong>of</strong> the earlier editions in 1776, 1792, 1796, or 1801.<br />
accepted name: h Stropharia versicolor (With.:Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887,<br />
Sylloge Fungorum 5: 1013<br />
h Agaricus (Stropharia) versicolor With.:Fr., Fries 1821, Syst. Myc. I p. 286<br />
This was cited in Rea 1922, Brit. Basidiomycetae p. 109, as "<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea<br />
var. versicolor With. "; fide Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme -<br />
de -<br />
lska V Brné.<br />
Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p. 33, this is a "questionable" taxon.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
virginea<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> virginea Rick, Rick 1961, Iheringa Sér. Bot. 8:307<br />
accepted name:<br />
Rick describes this <strong>species</strong> as "In horto ad terrum stercoratum" ---In a park on<br />
manured soil. The small spores ( 5-7 x 4µm) along with the habitat indicate this<br />
is probably not an <strong>Armillaria</strong>. No further information is available regarding this<br />
taxon.<br />
viridi-flava<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> mellea (Vahl:Fr.) P.Kumm. var. viridi-flava Barla, Barla 1887, Bull.<br />
Soc. Mycol. France 3:143<br />
accepted name:<br />
fide Termorshuizen <strong>and</strong> Arnolds 1987, Mycotaxon 30: 113, Barla’s plate suggest<br />
A.mellea S.S. "except for strongly squamulose pileus"<br />
viridiflava<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> viridiflava Singer, Singer 1989, Fieldiana 21:12<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillariella</strong> viridiflava Singer, Singer 1989, Fieldiana 21:12<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> viridiflava (Singer) Volk & Burdsall, comb. nov.<br />
According to the description, this is a true <strong>species</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Armillaria</strong>. Further testing<br />
<strong>of</strong> cultural <strong>and</strong> mating characteristics may reveal affinities to known <strong>species</strong>. fide<br />
Singer 1989, loc. cit., this may be same as A. mellea var. viridi-flava Barla q.v.,<br />
but did not cite Barla’s taxon as the basionym. Rather, he described this- as a new<br />
<strong>species</strong>.<br />
viscidipes<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> viscidipes Peck, Peck 1892, NY State Museum Rept. State Botanist<br />
44: 128<br />
accepted name:<br />
Thiers & Sundberg 1976, Madroño 23 (8): 451, believe that this <strong>species</strong> is<br />
closely related to "<strong>Armillaria</strong> ponderosa"; Kauffman 1923, Pap. Mich. Acad.<br />
Sci. 2:62 described the spores as "delicately rough-punctate" ; from all<br />
description appears to be a mycorrhizal fungus, not an <strong>Armillaria</strong>; specimen at<br />
OSC (Corvallis Oregon) identified by Kauffman (1925, Pap. Mich. Acad. Sci. 5:<br />
115-148) as <strong>Armillaria</strong> viscidipes Peck is not an <strong>Armillaria</strong>. This <strong>species</strong> probably<br />
belongs in the genus Tricholoma.<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong><br />
119
120<br />
vittadinii<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> vittadinii (Moretti) Locq., Locquin 1952, Bull. trimest. Soc. Mycol.<br />
France 68:167. no description or indication <strong>of</strong> new sp. or comb.<br />
basionym: Agaricus vittadinii Moretti, Moretti 1826, in G. Fis. Chim. Stor. nat.<br />
Med. Arti Pavia Dec 2 9:66 original not seen-- cited in Bas 1969, Persoonia<br />
5:349; Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:41, cites this as Botanico Italiano t.1<br />
accepted name: h Amanita vittadini (Moretti) Vittad., Vittadini 1826, Tent.<br />
Mycol. s. Amanita Ill 31 pl. I; fide Bas 1969, Persoonia 5:349<br />
h Lepiota vittadini (Moretti) Quél., Quélet 1873, Quél. Champ. Jura Vosques I<br />
in Mém. Soc. Emul. Montbéliard II 5:338<br />
h Amanita vittadini (Moretti:Fr.) Quél., Quélet 1877 (1878), Bull. Soc. Mycol.<br />
France 24:317<br />
vivianii<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> vivianii (Fr.) Sacc., Saccardo 1887, Sylloge Fungorum 5:82<br />
basionym: Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) vivianii Fr., Fries 1874, Hym. Eur. p.45<br />
accepted name:<br />
= Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) piopparello Viv., Viviani 1834, Funghi d’Italia p.6 t.6<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon. Its proper disposition is<br />
unknown. Agaricus (<strong>Armillaria</strong>) vivianii Fr. is apparently a nomen novum for this<br />
<strong>species</strong>. Fries 1874, loc. cit., cites A. piopparello Viviani in his description,<br />
reducing this name to a synonym.<br />
watsonii<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> watsonii (Murrill) Singer, Singer (1949) 1951, Lilloa 22:216<br />
basionym: Monadelphus watsonii Murrill, Murrill 1944 (1945), Proc. Fl. Acad.<br />
Sci. 7:111<br />
accepted name: nomen dubium. The type specimen <strong>of</strong> this <strong>species</strong> has been lost<br />
(fide James F. Kimbrough FLAS, Pers. Comm.); treated as an <strong>Armillariella</strong> by<br />
Bigelow 1985, Beih. Nova Hedw. 81:430<br />
h Clitocybe watsonii (Murrill) Murrill, Murrill 1944 (1945), Proc. Fl. Acad.<br />
Sci. 7: 127, alternative name in same publication<br />
NOT Tricholoma watsonii (Murrill) Murrill, Murrill 1944 (1945), Proc. Fl.<br />
Acad. Sci. 7:127 [ h Melanoleuca watsonii Murrill, Murrill 1944 (1945), loc.<br />
cit. p. 111, alternative name in same publication ]<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>
xantha<br />
<strong>Armillariella</strong> sparrei Singer var. xantha Singer, Singer 1969, Beih. Nova<br />
Hedwigia 29:45<br />
accepted name:<br />
No further information is available regarding this taxon.<br />
yungensis<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> yungensis (Singer) Herink, Herink 1973, Vysoká Skola Zeme - de - lska V<br />
Brné. Vyznamenaná Rádem Prace BRNO p.43<br />
basionym: <strong>Armillariella</strong> yungensis Singer, Singer 1970, Flora Neotropica 3:12<br />
accepted name: h <strong>Armillaria</strong> yungensis (Singer) Herink, Herink 1973, loc. cit.<br />
From the description, this <strong>species</strong> apparently belongs in <strong>Armillaria</strong>, but whether<br />
it is conspecific with any other <strong>Armillaria</strong> <strong>species</strong> is unknown.<br />
zelleri<br />
<strong>Armillaria</strong> zelleri Stuntz & A.H. Smith, Smith 1949, Mushrooms in their Natural<br />
Habitats p. 351<br />
accepted name: = Tricholoma focale (Fr.) Ricken, Ricken 1914, Die<br />
Blätterpilze p. 332; fide Clark Ovrebo, Pers. Comm.; fide Ovrebo 1973,<br />
Taxonomy <strong>of</strong> the genus Tricholoma in the Pacific Northwest. M.S. Thesis,<br />
University <strong>of</strong> Idaho, Moscow, ID; fide Clark Ovrebo 1980, A taxonomic study <strong>of</strong><br />
the genus Tricholoma (Agaricales) in the Great Lakes region, Ph.D. thesis,<br />
University <strong>of</strong> Toronto, p. 177; fide Roy Watling (Pers. Comm.)<br />
h Tricholoma zelleri (Stuntz & A.H. Smith) Ovrebo & Tylutki, Ovrebo <strong>and</strong><br />
Tylutki 1975, Mycologia 67:80<br />
121<br />
Fungiflora - <strong>Armillaria</strong>