Vascular Plants of Carlsbad Caverns National Park

<strong>Vascular</strong> <strong>Plants</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Carlsbad</strong> <strong>Caverns</strong> <strong>National</strong> <strong>Park</strong><br />

Taxonomy revised August 2012<br />

Spore <strong>Plants</strong> – Lycophytes, Ferns, and Allies<br />

Lycophytes<br />

Selaginellaceae: Spike‐moss family<br />

Selaginella arizonica Arizona spike‐moss<br />

Selaginella mutica bluntleaf spike‐moss<br />

Selaginella pilifera resurrection plant<br />

Selaginella wrightii Wright's spike‐moss<br />

Ferns and Fern Allies<br />

Aspleniaceae: Spleenwort family<br />

Asplenium resiliens blackstem spleenwort<br />

Equisetaceae: Horsetail family<br />

Equisetum laevigatum horsetail, smooth scouring‐rush<br />

Pteridaceae: Brake family<br />

Adiantum capillus‐veneris maiden‐hair fern<br />

Argyrochosma microphylla small‐leaf false cloak fern<br />

Astrolepis cochisensis Cochise cloakfern, Cochise scaly cloakfern<br />

Astrolepis integerrima hybrid cloakfern<br />

Astrolepis sinuata wavyfrond cloakfern<br />

Cheilanthes alabamensis Alabama lipfern<br />

Cheilanthes eatonii Eaton’s lipfern<br />

Cheilanthes feei Fee’s lipfern, slender lipfern<br />

Cheilanthes tomentosa woolly lipfern<br />

Cheilanthes villosa scaly lipfern, villous lipfern<br />

Pellaea atropurpurea purple cliffbrake<br />

Pellaea intermedia creeping cliffbrake<br />

Gymnosperms<br />

Cupressaceae: Cypress family<br />

Juniperus deppeana alligator juniper<br />

Juniperus monosperma one‐seed juniper<br />

Juniperus pinchotii Pinchot juniper, redberry juniper<br />

Juniperus scopulorum Rocky Mountain juniper<br />

Ephedraceae: Jointfir family<br />

Ephedra aspera boundary ephedra, rough jointfir<br />

Ephedra torreyana Torrey Mormon tea<br />

Ephedra trifurca longleaf jointfir<br />

Ephedra viridis green Mormon tea

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Pinaceae: Pine family<br />

Pinus edulis pinyon pine, two‐needle pinyon<br />

Pinus scopulorum ponderosa pine, western yellow pine<br />

Pinus strobiformis border white pine, southwestern white pine<br />

Pseudotsuga menziesii Douglas fir<br />

Angiosperms<br />

Dicotyledonous <strong>Plants</strong><br />

Acanthaceae: Acanthus family<br />

Dyschoriste schiedeana var. decumbens snakeherb<br />

Justicia pilosella hairy tube‐tongue<br />

Ruellia parryi Parry’s wild petunia<br />

Stenandrium barbatum early shaggytuft, shaggy stenandrium<br />

Amaranthaceae: Amaranth family<br />

Acanthochiton wrightii greenstripe<br />

Amaranthus albus pigweed amaranth, prostate pigweed, tumble pigweed<br />

Amaranthus crassipes spreading amaranth<br />

Amaranthus palmeri Palmer's amaranth, carelessweed<br />

*Amaranthus retr<strong>of</strong>lexus redroot amaranth, rough pigweed<br />

Froelichia arizonica Arizona snakecotton<br />

Froelichia floridana cottonweed, field snakecotton<br />

Guilleminea densa small matweed<br />

Tidestromia lanuginosa woolly tidestromia<br />

Anacardiaceae: Cashew family<br />

Rhus glabra smooth sumac<br />

Rhus lanceolata prairie sumac<br />

Rhus microphylla littleleaf sumac<br />

Rhus trilobata fragrant sumac, skunkbush sumac<br />

Rhus virens var. choriophylla evergreen sumac, Wooton's sumac<br />

Toxicodendron rydbergii poison‐ivy<br />

Apiaceae (Umbelliferae): Carrot family<br />

Aletes filifolius Trans‐Pecos Indian‐parsley<br />

Ammoselinum popei plains sand‐parsley<br />

*Apium graveolens wild celery<br />

Cicuta maculata western water‐hemlock<br />

Cymopterus lemmonii spring‐parsley<br />

Cymopterus longiradiatus Trans‐Pecos spring‐parsley<br />

Lomatium sp. biscuit‐root<br />

Spermolepis divaricata forked scaleseed, swamp scaleseed<br />

Spermolepis inermis sand scaleseed<br />

Apocynaceae: Dogbane family<br />

Amsonia longiflora tubular bluestar<br />

Apocynum cannabinum Indian hemp

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Apocynum medium var. floribundum intermediate dogbane<br />

Asclepiadaceae: Milkweed family<br />

Asclepias asperula antelopehorn milkweed<br />

Asclepias asperula ssp. asperula spider milkweed<br />

Asclepias brachystephana plains milkweed<br />

Asclepias engelmanniana narrowleaf milkweed<br />

Asclepias glaucescens nodding milkweed<br />

Asclepias latifolia broadleaf milkweed<br />

Asclepias macrotis longhorn milkweed<br />

Asclepias oenotheroides hierba de zizotes, zizotes milkweed<br />

Asclepias subverticillata whorled milkweed<br />

Asclepias tuberosa butterfly milkweed, orange butterflyweed<br />

Asclepias viridiflora green comet, green antelopehorn milkweed<br />

Funastrum crispum wavyleaf twinevine<br />

Funastrum cynanchoides fringed twinvine<br />

Matelea producta milkvine<br />

Asteraceae (Compositae): Sunflower family<br />

Achillea millefolium common yarrow, western yarrow<br />

Acourtia nana desert‐holly<br />

Acourtia wrightii brownfoot, pink perezia<br />

Ageratina rothrockii Rothrock’s snakeroot<br />

Ageratina wrightii Wright snakeroot<br />

Aldama cordifolia heartleaf goldeneye<br />

Amauriopsis dissecta ragleaf bahia<br />

Amauriopsis pedata blunt‐scale bahia<br />

Ambrosia artemisiifolia annual ragweed, common ragweed<br />

Ambrosia confertiflora weakleaf bur ragweed<br />

Ambrosia monogyra cheesebush, cheeseweed<br />

Ambrosia psilostachya perennial ragweed, western ragweed<br />

Amphiachyris dracunculoides prairie broomweed<br />

Aphanostephus ramosissimus plains dozedaisy, faintcrown<br />

Artemisia dracunculus wormwood, tarragon<br />

Artemisia ludoviciana Louisiana wormwood, prairie sage<br />

Baccharis havardii Havard’s seep‐willow<br />

Baccharis pteronioides yerba‐de‐pasmo<br />

Baccharis salicina Great Plains falsewillow, willow baccharis<br />

Baccharis wrightii Wright’s baccharis<br />

Bahia absinthifolia hairyseed bahia<br />

Baileya multiradiata desert marigold<br />

Berlandiera lyrata chocolate‐flower<br />

Bidens bigelovii beggarticks, stickseed<br />

Brickellia brachyphylla plumed brickell‐bush<br />

Brickellia californica California brickell‐bush<br />

Brickellia grandiflora mountain brickell‐bush, tassel‐flower brickellbush<br />

Brickellia laciniata cut‐leaf brickell‐bush<br />

Brickelliastrum fendleri Fendler’s brickell‐bush

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*Centaurea melitensis Malta starthistle, tocalote<br />

*Centaurea solstitialis yellow starthistle<br />

Chaetopappa ericoides rose heath, sand‐aster<br />

Chaetopappa hersheyi Guadalupe leastdaisy, Hershey aster<br />

Chrysactinia mexicana damianita<br />

Cirsium ochrocentrum yellowspine thistle<br />

Cirsium undulatum gray thistle, wavyleaf thistle<br />

Conyza canadensis horseweed<br />

Diaperia verna var. verna spring cudweed<br />

Dieteria canescens spine‐aster<br />

Dicranocarpus parvifolius pitchforks<br />

Dyssodia papposa prairie dogweed, fetid marigold<br />

Engelmannia peristenia Engelmann’s daisy<br />

Ericameria laricifolia turpentine bush<br />

Ericameria nauseosa rubber rabbitbrush<br />

Erigeron divergens spreading fleabane daisy<br />

Erigeron modestus plains fleabane daisy<br />

Erigeron tracyi Spanish fleabane daisy<br />

Flourensia cernua tarbush<br />

Gaillardia pinnatifida red‐dome blanket‐flower<br />

Gnaphalium palustre lowland cudweed, marsh everlasting<br />

Grindelia havardii Havard’s gumweed<br />

Grindelia squarrosa curly‐cup gumweed<br />

Gutierrezia microcephala threadleaf snakeweed<br />

Gutierrezia sarothrae broom snakeweed<br />

Gutierrezia sphaerocephala roundleaf snakeweed<br />

Gutierrezia texana var. glutinosa sticky snakeweed<br />

Gutierrezia wrightii Wright’s snakeweed<br />

Gymnosperma glutinosum gumhead, sticky selloa<br />

Hedosyne ambrosiifolia ragged marsh‐elder<br />

Helenium microcephalum littlehead tarweed, small sneezeweed<br />

Helianthus annuus annual sunflower<br />

Helianthus nuttallii Nuttall’s sunflower<br />

Helianthus petiolaris plains sunflower, prairie sunflower<br />

Heliomeris longifolia longleaf false goldeneye<br />

Heliomeris longifolia var. longifolia longleaf false goldeneye<br />

Heliomeris multiflora var. multiflora showy goldeneye<br />

Heterotheca fulcrata camphorweed<br />

Heterotheca fulcrata var. fulcrata camphorweed<br />

Heterotheca villosa golden‐aster<br />

Heterotheca viscida golden‐aster<br />

Hieracium fendleri yellow hawkweed<br />

Hymenoxys brandegeei rubberweed, Brandegee’s four‐nerve daisy<br />

Isocoma pluriflora Jimmyweed<br />

Isocoma rusbyi Rusby’s goldenbush<br />

Lactuca graminifolia grass‐leaf lettuce, lettuce grass<br />

Lactuca ludoviciana Louisiana lettuce, wild lettuce<br />

*Lactuca serriola prickly lettuce

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Laennecia coulteri Coulter’s horseweed, woolwort<br />

Leuciva dealbata woolly marsh‐elder<br />

Liatris punctata dotted blazing star, dotted gayfeather<br />

Lorandersonia spathulata Guadalupe rabbitbrush<br />

Lygodesmia grandiflora largeflower skeleton‐plant, rush‐pink<br />

Lygodesmia texana Texas skeleton‐plant<br />

Machaeranthera tanacetifolia Tahoka‐daisy<br />

Melampodium leucanthum plains blackfoot‐daisy<br />

*Onopordum acathium Scotch‐thistle<br />

Packera hartiana Hart’s ragwort<br />

Packera neomexicana var. neomexicana New Mexico groundsel<br />

Packera ovobata roundleaf ragwort<br />

Parthenium confertum var. lyratum Gray’s feverfew<br />

Parthenium incanum mariola<br />

Pectis angustifolia lemonweed<br />

Pectis longipes fetid marigold, longstalk cinchweed<br />

Pectis papposa limoncillo, many‐bristle cinchweed<br />

Perityle quinqueflora five‐flowered rock‐daisy<br />

Pinaropappus parvus small rock‐lettuce<br />

Pinaropappus roseus white rock‐lettuce<br />

Plectocephalus americana American basketflower<br />

Porophyllum scoparium shrubby poreleaf, TransPecos poreleaf<br />

Pseudognaphalium canescens rabbit‐tobacco, Wright’s cudweed<br />

Pseudognaphalium macounii Macoun’s cudweed<br />

Psilostrophe tagetina woolly paper‐flower<br />

Pyrrhopappus pauciflorus false‐dandelion<br />

Rafinesquia neomexicana desert chickory, New Mexico plumseed<br />

Ratibida columnifera prairie coneflower, Mexican‐hat<br />

Sanvitalia abertii Abert's dome<br />

Sartwellia flaveriae sartwellia, threadleaf glowwort<br />

Senecio flaccidus Douglas senecio, threadleaf groundsel<br />

Senecio flaccidus var. flaccidus threadleaf groundsel<br />

Sidneya tenuifolia skeleton‐leaf goldeneye<br />

Solidago altissima ssp. gilvocanescens Canadian goldenrod<br />

Solidago lepida goldenrod<br />

Solidago simplex goldenrod<br />

Solidago wrightii var. wrightii Wright’s goldenrod<br />

*Sonchus asper perennial sow‐thistle<br />

*Sonchus oleraceus annual sow‐thistle<br />

Stephanomeria pauciflora wire‐lettuce<br />

Stephanomeria tenuifolia narrowleaf wire‐lettuce<br />

Symphyotrichum ericoides white heath aster<br />

Symphyotrichum ericoides var. ericoides white heath aster<br />

Symphyotrichum falcatum var. commutatum white prairie aster<br />

Symphyotrichum laeve smooth blue aster<br />

Symphyotrichum leave var. geyeri Geyer’s aster<br />

Symphyotrichum subulatum eastern annual saltmarsh aster<br />

*Taraxacum <strong>of</strong>ficinale common dandelion

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Tetraneuris acaulis common rubberweed<br />

Tetraneuris linearifolia fineleaf four‐nerve daisy<br />

Tetraneuris linearifolia var. linearifolia fineleaf four‐nerve daisy<br />

Tetraneuris scaposa bitterweed, stemmy four‐nerve daisy<br />

Thelesperma longipes long‐stalk greenthread, rayless greenthread<br />

Thelesperma megapotamicum Colorado greenthread, Hopi tea greenthread<br />

Thymophylla acerosa pickleleaf dogweed<br />

Thymophylla pentachaeta common dogweed, five‐needle pricklyleaf<br />

Thymophylla setifolia fetid dogweed<br />

Townsendia exscapa stemless Townsend daisy<br />

*Tragopogon dubius goat’s beard, wild oysterplant, yellow salsify<br />

*Tragopogon porrifolius purple salsify<br />

Trixis californica threefold<br />

Verbesina encelioides golden crownbeard<br />

Verbesina encelioides ssp. exauriculata cowpen daisy<br />

Verbesina nana crownbeard, dwarf crownbeard<br />

Verbesina oreophila mountain crownbeard<br />

Viguiera dentata sunflower goldeneye, toothleaf goldeneye<br />

Xanthisma blephariphyllum sleep‐daisy<br />

Xanthisma spinulosum cutleaf goldenweed, spiny sleep‐daisy<br />

Xanthisma spinulosum var. spinulosum spiny sleep‐daisy<br />

Xanthium strumarium common cocklebur<br />

Zinnia acerosa desert zinnia<br />

Zinnia grandiflora plains zinnia<br />

Berberidaceae: Barberry family<br />

Berberis haematocarpa red barberry, red mahonia<br />

Berberis repens creeping barberry, Oregon‐grape<br />

Berberis trifoliolata agarito, algerita<br />

Betulaceae: Birch family<br />

Ostrya knowltonii Knowlton hop‐hornbeam<br />

Bignoniaceae: Catalpa family<br />

Chilopsis linearis desert‐willow<br />

Boraginaceae: Borage family<br />

Cryptantha albida New Mexico cat's‐eye<br />

Cryptantha crassisepala deertongue<br />

Cryptantha mexicana Mexican cat's‐eye<br />

Cryptantha minima little cat's‐eye<br />

Cryptantha oblata rough cat's‐eye<br />

Cryptantha palmeri Palmer’s cat's‐eye<br />

Cryptantha paysonii Payson's cat's‐eye<br />

Hackelia besseyi Bessey's stickseed<br />

Lappula occidentalis var. occidentalis desert stickseed, flat‐spine sheepbur<br />

*Lappula squarrosa bristly sheepbur, European stickseed<br />

Lithospermum cobrense smooth puccoon, smooththroat gromwell

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Lithospermum incisum fringed puccoon, narrowleaf gromwell<br />

Lithospermum multiflorum puccoon<br />

Lithospermum parksii <strong>Park</strong>s' gromwell<br />

Lithospermum viride green gromwell<br />

Tiquilia canescens rat‐ear coldenia, woody crinklemat<br />

Tiquilia greggii Gregg coldenia, plumed crinklemat<br />

Tiquilia hispidissima hairy coldenia, hairy crinklemat<br />

Brassicaceae (Crussiferae): Mustard family<br />

Descurainia incana ssp. incisa mountain tansy‐mustard<br />

Descurainia pinnata western tansymustard<br />

Descurainia pinnata ssp. glabra western tansymustard<br />

*Descurainia sophia flixweed<br />

Dimorphocarpa wislizeni Wislizenus spectacle‐pod<br />

Draba cuneifolia wedgeleaf whitlow‐grass<br />

Erysimum capitatum western wallflower<br />

Erysimum inconspicuum shy wallflower<br />

Halimolobos diffusa spreading fissurewort<br />

Hesperidanthus linearifolia slimleaf plains‐mustard<br />

Lepidium alyssoides southern pepperweed, wavyleaf peppergrass<br />

Lepidium lasiocarpum hairypod pepperweed, shaggyfruit pepperweed<br />

Lepidium lasiocarpum var. wrightii Wright’s pepperweed<br />

Lepidium montanum mountain pepperweed<br />

Lepidium oblongum veiny pepperweed<br />

Lepidium virginicum poorman pepperweed<br />

*Nasturtium <strong>of</strong>ficinale water‐cress<br />

Nerisyrenia camporum bicolor fanmustard<br />

Nerisyrenia linearifolia White Sands fanmustard<br />

Physaria fendleri Fendler bladderpod<br />

Physaria gordonii Gordon bladderpod<br />

Physaria purpurea purple bladderpod, rose bladderpod<br />

Physaria valida pale bladderpod<br />

*Sisymbrium altissimum tall tumblemustard, hedge‐mustard<br />

*Sisymbrium irio London rocket<br />

Streptanthus carinatus lyreleaf jewelflower<br />

Streptanthus cordatus heartleaf jewelflower, heartleaf twistflower<br />

Streptanthus playtcarpus sparseflower jewelflower<br />

Thelypodiopsis vaseyi Las Vegas tumble‐mustard<br />

Thelypodium wrightii Wright’s thelypody<br />

*Thlaspi arvense fanweed, field penny‐cress<br />

Cactaceae: Cactus family<br />

Coryphantha macromeris nipple beehive‐cactus<br />

Coryphantha robustispina long‐tubercled beehive‐cactus<br />

Coryphantha sneedii (var. leei) Lee pincushion<br />

Coryphantha sneedii (var. sneedii) Sneed pincushion<br />

Coryphantha tuberculosa white‐column foxtail cactus, corncob cactus<br />

Coryphantha vivipara pink pincushion cactus

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Cylindropuntia davisii thistle cholla<br />

Cylindropuntia imbricata cane cholla, walkingstick cholla<br />

Cylindropuntia kleiniae candle cholla, Klein pencil cholla<br />

Cylindropuntia leptocaulis Christmas cholla, tasajillo<br />

Echinocactus horizonthalonius devilshead cactus, turkshead cactus, eagle‐claw cactus<br />

Echinocactus texensis horse‐crippler<br />

Echinocereus dasyacanthus rainbow cactus<br />

Echinocereus X roetteri Lloyd's hedgehog<br />

Echinocereus triglochidiatus claretcup cactus<br />

Echinocereus viridiflorus brownspine hedge‐hog cactus, green pitaya<br />

Epithelantha micromeris ball‐cactus, button cactus<br />

Glandulicactus uncinatus var. wrightii fish‐hook cactus<br />

Mammillaria heyderi Heyder pincushion cactus, little nipple‐cactus<br />

Mammillaria lasiacantha lacespine nipple‐cactus, small pincushion cactus<br />

Opuntia engelmannii var. lindheimeri Texas prickly pear<br />

*Opuntia ficus‐indica Indian fig, tuna cactus<br />

Opuntia macrocentra longspine prickly pear<br />

Opuntia macrorhiza grassland prickly pear, twistspine prickly pear<br />

Opuntia phaeacantha brownspine pricklypear, tulip pricklypear<br />

Campanulaceae: Bellflower family<br />

Campanula rotundifolia bellflower, roundleaf harebell<br />

Lobelia cardinalis cardinal‐flower<br />

Cannabaceae: Hemp family<br />

Celtis reticulata netleaf hackberry<br />

Caprifoliaceae: Honeysuckle family<br />

Lonicera albiflora western white honeysuckle<br />

Lonicera arizonica Arizona honeysuckle<br />

Symphoricarpos longiflorus desert snowberry, longleaf snowberry<br />

Symphoricarpos rotundifolius coralberry, roundleaf snowberry<br />

Caryophyllaceae: Pink family<br />

*Cerastium glomeratum common chickweed<br />

Paronychia depressa spreading nailwort<br />

Paronychia jamesii James nailwort<br />

Pseudostellaria jamesiana sticky starwort, tuber starwort<br />

Silene antirrhina sleep catchfly, sleepy campion<br />

Silene laciniata cardinal catchfly, Mexican campion<br />

Spergulastrum lanuginosa spreading sandwort<br />

Stellaria cuspidata Mexican starwort<br />

Celastraceae: Bittersweet family<br />

Mortonia scabrella sandpaper‐bush, rough mortonia<br />

Chenopodiaceae: Goosefoot family<br />

Atriplex canescens four‐wing saltbush

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Chenopodium berlandieri netseed lamb's quarters<br />

Chenopodium berlandieri var. berlandieri pit‐seed goosefoot<br />

Chenopodium desiccatum arid goosefoot, thickleaf goosefoot<br />

Chenopodium desiccatum var. leptophylloides desert goosefoot<br />

Chenopodium incanum mealy goosefoot<br />

*Kochia scoparia kochia<br />

Krascheninnikovia lanata winterfat<br />

Monolepis nuttalliana Nuttall's povertyweed<br />

*Salsola tragus Russian‐thistle, tumbleweed<br />

Cleomaceae: Beeplant family<br />

Polanisia dodecandra clammyweed, hierba del coyote<br />

Polanisia dodecandra ssp. trachysperma red‐whisker clammyweed<br />

Convolvulaceae: Morning glory family<br />

*Convolvulus arvensis European bindweed, field bindweed<br />

Convolvulus equitans gray bindweed<br />

Cuscuta indecora largeseed dodder, pretty dodder<br />

Dichondra brachypoda New Mexico pony's foot<br />

Evolvulus nuttallianus Nuttall's evolvulus<br />

Ipomoea costellata crestrib morning glory<br />

Ipomoea cristulata scarlet creeper<br />

Ipomoea cardiophylla heartleaf morning‐glory<br />

Ipomoea lindheimeri blue morning‐glory, Lindheimer's morning ‐lory<br />

Ipomoea pubescens silky morning‐glory<br />

*Ipomoea purpurea common morning‐ glory<br />

Crassulaceae: Stonecrop family<br />

Sedum wrightii Wright's stonecrop<br />

Crossosomataceae: Rockflower family<br />

Glossopetalon spinescens spiny greasebush<br />

Cucurbitaceae: Gourd family<br />

Cucurbita foetidissima coyote melon, buffalo gourd<br />

Ibervillea tenuisecta deer‐apples, slimlobe globeberry<br />

Elaeagnaceae: Oleaster family<br />

*Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian olive<br />

Ericaceae: Heath family<br />

Arbutus arizonica Arizona madrone<br />

Arbutus texana Texas madrone<br />

Pterospora andromeda giant pinedrops, woodland pinedrops<br />

Euphorbiaceae: Spurge family<br />

Acalypha neomexicana New Mexico copperleaf<br />

Acalypha phleoides shrubby copperleaf

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Bernardia obovata desert myrtlecroton<br />

Chamaesyce acuta pointed spurge<br />

Chamaesyce albomarginata whitemargin spurge<br />

Chamaesyce fendleri Fendler’s sandmat, Fendler spurge<br />

Chamaesyce glyptosperma ribseed sandmat, ridgeseed spurge<br />

Chamaesyce lata hoary sandmat, hoary spurge<br />

Chamaesyce prostrata prostrate sandmat, prostrate spurge<br />

Chamaesyce revoluta threadstem sandmat, threadstem spurge<br />

Chamaesyce serpyllifolia thyme‐leaf sandmat, winded spurge<br />

Chamaesyce serrula sawtooth sandmat<br />

Chamaesyce stictospora slimseed sandmat, slimseed spurge<br />

Croton dioicus grassland croton<br />

Chamaesyce fendleri var. chaetocalyx bristle calyx spurge, bristlecup sandmat<br />

Croton fruticulosus bush croton, shrubby croton<br />

Croton lindheimerianus three‐seed croton<br />

Croton pottsii leatherweed<br />

Ditaxis neomexicana New Mexico silverbush<br />

Euphorbia brachycera horned spurge<br />

Euphorbia cyathophora fire‐on‐the‐mountain, painted spurge<br />

Euphorbia davidii toothed spurge<br />

Euphorbia eriantha beetle spurge, Mexican poinsettia<br />

Euphorbia exstipulata squareseed spurge<br />

Euphorbia heterophylla Mexican fireplant, painted euphorbia<br />

Euphorbia spathulata roughpod spurge, spatulaleaf spurge, warty spurge<br />

Phyllanthus polygonoides knotweed leaf‐flower<br />

Stillingia texana Texas queen's delight, Texas tooth‐leaf<br />

Tragia nepetifolia catnip noseburn<br />

Tragia ramosa branched tragia<br />

Fabaceae (Leguminosae): Pea family<br />

Acaciella angustissima prairie acacia, whiteball acacia<br />

Astragalus emoryanus red‐stemmed peavine<br />

Astragalus missouriensis Missouri milkvetch<br />

Astragalus mollisimus wooly locoweed<br />

Astragalus nuttallianus turkey peas, smallflowered milkvetch<br />

Astragalus pictiformis Guadalupe milkvetch<br />

Astragalus puniceus pink locoweed<br />

Calliandra eriophylla fairy duster<br />

Cercis canadensis redbud<br />

Cologania angustifolia longleaf cologania<br />

Cologania pallida pale cologania<br />

Dalea aurea golden prairie‐clover<br />

Dalea bicolor var. argyraea silver prairie‐clover<br />

Dalea candida var. oligophylla prairie‐clover<br />

Dalea formosa feather dalea<br />

Dalea frutescens black prairie‐clover<br />

Dalea jamesii James dalea<br />

Dalea lachnostachya blue dalea, gland‐leaf prairie‐clover

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Dalea lanata woolly prairie‐clover<br />

Dalea nana dwarf prairie‐clover<br />

Dalea neomexicana New Mexico prairie‐clover, s<strong>of</strong>t dalea<br />

Dalea pogonathera bearded dalea<br />

Dalea versicolor oakwoods prairie‐clover<br />

Dalea wrightii Wright's prairie‐clover<br />

Dermatophyllum secundiflorum mescal bean<br />

Desmanthus glandulosus glandular bundle‐flower<br />

Desmanthus illinoensis prairie bundle‐flower<br />

Desmanthus obtusus bluntpod bundle‐flower<br />

Desmanthus velutinus velvet bundle‐flower, sticky bundle‐flower<br />

Desmodium psilophyllum simpleleaf tick‐trefoil<br />

H<strong>of</strong>fmanseggia drepanocarpa sicklepod rushpea<br />

H<strong>of</strong>fmanseggia glauca hog‐potato<br />

Leucaena retusa golden leadtree<br />

*Medicago lupulina medick<br />

*Melilotus albus white sweet‐clover<br />

*Melilotus <strong>of</strong>ficinalis yellow sweet‐clover<br />

Mimosa aculeaticarpa var. biuncifera catclaw mimosa<br />

Mimosa borealis fragrant mimosa, pink mimosa<br />

Pomaria jamesii hog‐potato<br />

Prosopis glandulosa honey mesquite<br />

Phaseolus angustissimus narrowleaf bean, slimleaf bean<br />

Rhynchosia senna Texas snout‐bean<br />

Rhynchosia senna var. texana rosary bean<br />

Robinia neomexicana New Mexico locust<br />

Senegalia greggii catclaw acacia<br />

Senegalia roemeriana Roemer's acacia<br />

Senna bauhinioides twinleaf senna<br />

Senna lindheimeriana showy senna, velvet leaf senna<br />

Senna roemeriana Roemer senna, twoleaf senna<br />

Vicia americana American vetch<br />

Vicia ludoviciana ssp. leavenworthii Leavenworth’s vetch<br />

Vicia ludoviciana ssp. ludoviciana Louisiana vetch, slim vetch<br />

Vachellia constricta whitethorn acacia<br />

Vachellia vernicosa viscid acacia<br />

Fagaceae: Beech family<br />

Quercus arizonica Arizona white oak<br />

Quercus gambelii Gambel's oak<br />

Quercus grisea gray oak<br />

Quercus mohriana Mohr oak<br />

Quercus muhlenbergii chinkapin oak<br />

Quercus oblongifolia Mexican blue oak<br />

Quercus pungens pungent oak, sandpaper oak<br />

Quercus X undulata wavyleaf oak

---

Fouquieriaceae: Ocotillo family<br />

Fouquieria splendens ocotillo<br />

Fumariaceae: Fumitory family<br />

Corydalis aurea golden‐smoke<br />

Corydalis aurea ssp. occidentalis curvepod corydalis<br />

Garryaceae: Silktassel family<br />

Garrya ovata eggleaf silktassel<br />

Garrya wrightii Wright's silktassel<br />

Gentianaceae: Gentian family<br />

Zeltnera calycosa centaury<br />

Geraniaceae: Geranium family<br />

*Erodium cicutarium cutleaf filaree, red‐stem stork’s bill<br />

Erodium texanum Texas stork’s bill, tufted filaree<br />

Geranium caespitosum purple cluster geranium, tufted geranium<br />

Heliotropaceae: Heliotrope family<br />

Heliotropium greggii fragrant heliotrope<br />

Hydrangeaceae: Hydrangea family<br />

Fendlera rupicola cliff fendlerbush<br />

Fendlerella utahensis Utah fendlerbush<br />

Philadelphus mearnsii Mearns mock‐orange<br />

Philadelphus microphyllus ssp. argenteus silver mock‐orange<br />

Hydrophyllaceae: Waterleaf family<br />

Nama carnosum gyp nama, sand fiddleleaf<br />

Nama dichotomum wishbone fiddleleaf<br />

Nama hispidum bristly nama, purple mat<br />

Nama xylopodum yellowseed fiddleleaf<br />

Phacelia caerulea skyblue scorpion‐weed<br />

Phacelia congesta blue curls, spike phacelia<br />

Phacelia crenulata caterpillarweed, notchleaf scorpion‐weed<br />

Phacelia integrifolia gypsum phacelia, leafy scorpion‐weed<br />

Phacelia popei Pope's scorpion‐weed<br />

Phacelia rupestris rock scorpion‐weed<br />

Juglandaceae: Walnut family<br />

Juglans microcarpa little walnut<br />

Koeberliniaceae: Crucifixion‐thorn family<br />

Koeberlinia spinosa var. wivaggii allthorn, crucifixion‐thorn<br />

Krameriaceae: Krameria family<br />

Krameria bicolor white ratany

---

Krameria erecta littleleaf ratany, range ratany<br />

Krameria lanceolata spreading ratany, trailing krameria<br />

Lamiaceae (Labiatae): Mint family<br />

Agastache pallidiflora pale giant‐hyssop<br />

Hedeoma costata var. pulchella ribbed false‐pennyroyal<br />

Hedeoma drummondii Drummond's false‐pennyroyal<br />

Hedeoma nana low false‐pennyroyal<br />

Hedeoma plicata blue‐mock pennyroyal<br />

*Lamium amplexicaule common henbit<br />

*Marrubium vulgare white horehound<br />

*Mentha spicata bush mint, spearmint<br />

Monarda fistulosa var. methifolia wild bergamot<br />

Monarda pectinata spotted beebalm<br />

Poliomintha incana hoary Rosemary‐mint<br />

Salvia azurea blue sage<br />

Salvia farinacea mealy sage<br />

Salvia henryi crimson sage<br />

Salvia lemmonii red sage<br />

Salvia lycioides canyon sage<br />

Salvia pinguifolia rock sage<br />

Salvia reflexa lanceleaf sage, sage mint<br />

Salvia summa great sage<br />

Salvia texana Texas sage<br />

Scutellaria drummondii Drummond's skullcap<br />

Teucrium canadense American germander, hairy germande<br />

Teucrium cubense small coastal germander<br />

Teucrium laciniatum lacy germander<br />

Linaceae: Flax family<br />

Linum aristatum bristle flax<br />

Linum australe southern flax<br />

Linum lewisii blue flax, Lewis blue flax<br />

Linum pratense meadow flax<br />

Linum puberulum desert flax, plains flax<br />

Linum rigidum largeflower yellow flax, orange flax, stiffstem flax<br />

Linum rupestre rock flax<br />

Linum schiedeanum Schied's flax<br />

Linum vernale Chihuahuan flax<br />

Loasaceae: Stickleaf family<br />

Cevallia sinuata stinging‐cevallia, stinging serpent<br />

Mentzelia albicaulis white blazingstar, whitestem stickleaf<br />

Mentzelia asperula mountain stickleaf, Organ Mountain blazingstar<br />

Mentzelia humilis gypsum blazingstar<br />

Mentzelia multiflora Adonis blazingstar, manyflowered mentzelia<br />

Mentzelia oligosperma chickenthief<br />

Mentzelia strictissima grassland blazingstar

---

Lythraceae: Loosestrife family<br />

Lythrum californicum California loosestrife<br />

Malvaceae: Mallow family<br />

Abutilon incanum shrubby Indian‐mallow<br />

Abutilon malacum yellow Indian‐mallow<br />

Abutilon parvulum dwarf Indian‐mallow<br />

Abutilon wrightii Wright’s Indian‐mallow<br />

Allowissadula holosericea Chisos Mountain false Indianmallow<br />

Hibiscus denudatus desert hibiscus, rose‐mallow<br />

*Sida abutifolia procumbent sida, spreading fanpetals<br />

Sphaeralcea angustifolia copper globemallow, narrowleaf desertmallow<br />

Sphaeralcea coccinea scarlet globemallow<br />

Sphaeralcea digitata juniper globemallow, slippery globemallow<br />

Sphaeralcea fendleri Fendler's globemallow, thicket globemallow<br />

Sphaeralcea hastulata spear globemallow, spreading globemallow<br />

Sphaeralcea incana gray globemallow, s<strong>of</strong>t globemallow<br />

Sphaeralcea leptophylla scaly globemallow<br />

Moraceae: Mulberry family<br />

*Morus alba mulberry<br />

Morus microphylla Texas mulberry<br />

Nyctaginaceae: Four o’clock family<br />

Abronia angustifolia narrowleaf sand‐verbena, purple sand‐verbena<br />

Abronia fragrans Carlton's sand‐verbena<br />

Acleisanthes chenopodioides goosefoot monopod<br />

Acleisanthes lanceolata gypsum moonpod<br />

Acleisanthes longiflora angel's trumpets<br />

Allionia incarnata trailing allionia, trailing windmills<br />

Boerhavia linearifolia narrowleaf spiderling<br />

Boerhavia triquetra var. intermedia five‐wing spiderling<br />

Cyphomeris gypsophiloides red cyphomeris, delicate darling<br />

Mirabilis albida mountain four‐o’clock, white four‐o’clock<br />

Mirabilis linearis linearleaf four‐o’clock, narrowleaf four‐o’clock<br />

Mirabilis multiflora Colorado four‐o’clock, manyflowered four‐o’clock<br />

Mirabilis oxybaphoides smooth spreading four‐o’clock<br />

Oleaceae: Olive family<br />

Forestiera pubescens desert‐olive, downy forestiera<br />

*Fraxinus pennsylvanica green ash<br />

Fraxinus velutina velvet ash, Arizona ash<br />

Menodora longiflora showy mendora<br />

Menodora scabra rough menodora<br />

Onagraceae: Evening primrose family<br />

Ludwigia palustris marsh primrose‐willow

---

Oenothera albicaulis white‐stem evening‐primrose<br />

Oenothera brachycarpa shortfruit evening‐primrose<br />

Oenothera curtiflora velvet‐weed<br />

Oenothera elata ssp. hirsutissima Hooker’s evening‐primrose<br />

Oenothera hartwegii ssp. fendleri Fendler calylophus<br />

Oenothera hartwegii ssp. pubescens hairy calylophus<br />

Oenothera lavandulifolia lavender sundrops<br />

Oenothera pallida pale evening‐primrose<br />

Oenothera primiveris desert evening‐primrose<br />

Oenothera serrulata yellow sundrops<br />

Oenothera suffretescens bee‐blossom, scarlet gaura<br />

Oenothera triloba stemless evening‐primrose<br />

Oenothera tubicula Texas sundrops<br />

Orobanchaceae: Broomrape family<br />

Castilleja austromontana Rincon Mountain paintbrush<br />

Castilleja integra wholeleaf paintbrush<br />

Castilleja sessiliflora downy paintedcup, Great Plains paintbrush<br />

Conopholis alpina var. mexicana Mexican Indian‐root<br />

Orobanche ludoviciana Louisiana broom‐rape<br />

Oxalidaceae: Woodsorrel family<br />

Oxalis corniculata creeping oxalis, creeping wood‐sorrel<br />

Oxalis latifolia bigleaf wood‐sorrel, broadleaf wood‐sorrel<br />

Papaveraceae: Poppy family<br />

Argemone polyanthemos white prickly‐poppy<br />

Argemone squarrosa hedgehog prickly‐poppy<br />

Argemone squarrosa ssp. glabrata hedgehog prickly‐poppy<br />

Pedeliaceae: Sesame family<br />

Proboscidea sp. devil's claw<br />

Phytolaccaceae: Pokeweed family<br />

Rivina humilis bloodberry rogueplant, humble‐weed<br />

Plantaginaceae: Plantain family<br />

Maurandya antirrhiniflora viney snapdragon<br />

Penstemon barbatus beardlip beardtongue, beardlip penstemon<br />

Penstemon cardinalis cardinal beardtongue<br />

Penstemon cardinalis ssp. regalis cardinal beardtongue<br />

Penstemon dasyphyllus Cochise beardtongue, purple penstemon<br />

Penstemon fendleri Fendler's beardtongue, Fendler’s penstemon<br />

Penstemon jamesii James' beardtongue, James penstemon<br />

Plantago patagonica woolly plantain<br />

Penstemon superbus superb beardtongue<br />

Penstemon whippleanus dark beardtongue, Whipple’s beardtongue<br />

Plantago helleri Heller's plantain

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*Plantago lanceolata English plantain, lanceleaf plantain<br />

*Plantago major broadleaf plantain, common plantain<br />

Plantago rhodosperma redseed plantain<br />

Plantago wrightiana Wright's plantain<br />

Polemoniaceae: Phlox family<br />

Giliastrum acerosum bluebowls<br />

Giliastrum incisum cutleaf gilia, splitleaf gilia<br />

Giliastrum rigiduum stiff gilla<br />

Ipomopsis aggregata scarlet gilia, skyrocket<br />

Ipomopsis longiflora flax‐flowered gilia, white‐flower skyrocket<br />

Phlox longifolia longleaved phlox<br />

Phlox mesoleuca threadleaf phlox, white‐eyed phlox<br />

Phlox multiflora phlox<br />

Phlox nana Santa Fe phlox<br />

Phlox triovulata three‐seed phlox<br />

Polygalaceae: Milkwort family<br />

Polygala alba white milkwort<br />

Polygala barbeyana blue milkwort<br />

Polygala macradenia glandleaf milkwort, purple milkwort<br />

Polygala obscura small milkwort, velvetseed milkwort<br />

Polygala rimulicola rock crevice milkwort<br />

Polygala scoparioides broom milkwort<br />

Polygonaceae: Buckwheat family<br />

Eriogonum abertianum Abert's wild‐buckwheat<br />

Eriogonum alatum winged wild‐buckwheat<br />

Eriogonum havardii Havard's wild‐buckwheat<br />

Eriogonum hieraciifolium hawkweed wild‐buckwheat<br />

Eriogonum jamesii James wild‐buckwheat<br />

Eriogonum lachnogynum sand wild‐buckwheat, woollycup buckwheat<br />

Eriogonum longifolium longleaf wild‐buckwheat<br />

*Rumex crispus curly dock, narrowleaf dock, sour dock<br />

Rumex hymenosepalus cañaigre, sand dock<br />

Portulaceae: Purslane family<br />

Phemeranthus brevicaulis showy fameflower<br />

Phemeranthus parviflorus prairie fameflower<br />

*Portulaca oleracea common purslane, duckweed, wild portulaca<br />

Portulaca pilosa kiss‐me‐quick<br />

Portulaca suffrutescens shrubby purslane<br />

Talinopsis frutescens arroyo fameflower<br />

Talinum aurantiacum orange fameflower<br />

Primulaceae: Primrose family<br />

Androsace occidentalis western rock‐jasmine

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Ranunculaceae: Crowfoot family<br />

Anemone tuberosa tuber anemone<br />

Aquilegia chaplinei Chaplin’s golden columbine<br />

Aquilegia chrysantha golden columbine<br />

Aquilegia desertorum barrel columbine, Chiricahua Mountain columbine<br />

Clematis drummondii old man’s beard, Texas virgin's‐bower<br />

Clematis pitcheri bluebill, leatherflower clematis<br />

Clematis pitcheri var. pitcheri pitcher virgin’s‐bower<br />

Delphinium wootonii Wooton's larkspur<br />

Thalictrum fendleri Fendler meadow‐rue<br />

Rhamnaceae: Buckthorn family<br />

Ceanothus pauciflorus desert ceanothus<br />

Condalia ericoides javelina‐bush<br />

Condalia warnockii Warnock condalia, crucillo<br />

Rhamnus betulifolia beechleaf buckthorn, birchleaf buckthorn<br />

Rhamnus serrata sawleaf buckthorn<br />

Rhamnus smithii Smith buckthorn<br />

Rhamnus tomentella California buckthorn<br />

Ziziphus obtusifolia var. obtusifolia graythorn, lotebush<br />

Rosaceae: Rose family<br />

Amelanchier alnifolia dwarf serviceberry<br />

Cercocarpus breviflorus var. breviflorus hairy mountain mahogany<br />

Cercocarpus montanus birchleaf mountain mahogany<br />

Fallugia paradoxa Apache‐plume<br />

Holodiscus dumosus bush oceanspray, rock spirea<br />

*Malus pumila paradise apple<br />

Petrophyton caespitosum tufted rockmat<br />

*Prunus armeniaca apricot<br />

*Prunus cerasus plum, sour cherry<br />

Prunus serotina var. virens black cherry<br />

Prunus virginiana common chokecherry, Virginia chokecherry<br />

*Pyrus communis pear<br />

Rosa stellata desert rose, star rose<br />

Rosa woodsii Woods’s rose<br />

Rubiaceae: Madder family<br />

Galium mexicanum Mexican bedstraw<br />

Galium microphyllum littleleaf bedstraw<br />

Galium proliferum limestone bedstraw<br />

Galium wrightii slenderbranch bedstraw<br />

Hedyotis nigricans diamondflowers, prairie bluet<br />

Houstonia acerosa needleleaf bluet<br />

Rutaceae: Citrus family<br />

Choisya dumosa Mexican‐orange<br />

Ptelea trifoliata common hoptree

---

Thamnosma texana desert rue<br />

Salicaceae: Willow family<br />

Populus angustifolia narrow‐leaf cottonwood<br />

Populus deltoides plains cottonwood<br />

Populus deltoides ssp. wislizeni Rio Grande cottonwood<br />

*Populus nigra Lombardy poplar<br />

Salix amygdaloides peachleaf willow<br />

*Salix babylonica weeping willow<br />

Salix gooddingii Goodding's willow<br />

Santalaceae: Sandalwood and Mistletoe family<br />

Arceuthobium vaginatum pine dwarf‐mistletoe<br />

Phoradendron coryae Cory’s mistletoe<br />

Phoradendron juniperinum juniper mistletoe<br />

Sapindaceae: Soapberry family<br />

Acer glabrum Rocky Mountain maple<br />

Acer grandidentatum bigtooth maple, canyon maple<br />

Sapindus drummondii western soapberry<br />

Ungnadia speciosa Mexican‐buckeye<br />

Saxifragaceae: Saxifrage family<br />

Heuchera rubescens pink alumroot<br />

Scrophulariaceae: Figwort family<br />

Leucophyllum minus Texas sage, Big Bend barometerbush<br />

*Verbascum thapsus woolly mullein<br />

Simaroubaceae: Quassia family<br />

*Ailanthus altissima tree‐<strong>of</strong>‐heaven<br />

Solanaceae: Potato family<br />

*Calibrachoa parviflora seaside petunia<br />

Chamaesaracha coniodes gray false nightshade, gray five‐eyes<br />

Chamaesaracha coronopus greenleaf five‐eyes, green false nightshade<br />

Chamaesaracha edwardsiana Edwards Plateau five‐eyes<br />

Chamaesaracha pallida pale five‐eyes<br />

Chamaesaracha sordida hairy five‐eyes<br />

Datura inoxia desert thornapple, sacred datura<br />

Datura quercifolia oakleaf thornapple<br />

Lycium berlandieri silver desertthorn, wolfberry<br />

*Nicotiana glauca tree tobacco<br />

Nicotiana obtusifolia desert tobacco<br />

Physalis angulata cutleaf gound‐cherry<br />

Physalis hederifolia ivyleaf ground‐cherry<br />

Quincula lobata Chinese lanterns<br />

Solanum elaeagnifolium silverleaf nightshade

---

Solanum rostratum buffalo‐bur<br />

Sterculiaceae: Chocolate family<br />

Ayenia microphylla dense ayenia, shrubby ayenia<br />

Tamaricaceae: Tamarisk family<br />

*Tamarix sp. tamarisk, salt cedar<br />

Ulmaceae: Elm family<br />

*Ulmus pumila Siberian elm<br />

Urticaceae: Nettle family<br />

Parietaria hespera pellitory<br />

Parietaria pensylvanica Pennsylvania pellitory<br />

Verbenaceae: Vervain family<br />

Aloysia wrightii beebush, oreganillo<br />

Glandularia bipinnatifida Dakota mock vervain<br />

Glandularia pumila pink mock vervain, pink verbena<br />

Phyla lanceolata lanceleaf frog fruit, wedgeleaf<br />

*Phyla nodiflora sawtooth frogfruit, turkey tangle frogfruit<br />

Tetraclea coulteri Coulter's wrinkle‐fruit<br />

Verbena bracteata bigbract verbena, bracted vervain<br />

Verbena hastata blue verbena, swamp verbena<br />

Verbena macdougalii MacDougal verbena<br />

Verbena neomexicana hillside vervain, New Mexico verbena<br />

Verbena perennis perennial verbena, pineleaf vervain<br />

Violaceae: Violet family<br />

Hybanthus verticillatus whorled nodding violet, baby‐slippers<br />

Vitaceae: Grape family<br />

Cissus trifoliata peppervine<br />

Parthenocissus inserta Virginia creeper, woodbine<br />

Vitis arizonica canyon grape<br />

Zygophyllaceae: Caltrop family<br />

Kallstroemia californica California caltrop<br />

Kallstroemia parviflora smallflowered carpetweed, warty caltrop<br />

Larrea tridentata creosote‐bush<br />

*Peganum harmala African‐rue<br />

*Tribulus terrestris goathead, puncture‐vine<br />

Angiosperms<br />

Monocotyledonous <strong>Plants</strong><br />

Agavaceae: Agave family<br />

Agave gracilipes slim‐footed agave, slimfoot century plant

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Agave lechuguilla lechuguilla<br />

Agave parryi var. neomexicana New Mexico agave, Parry’s agave<br />

Yucca baccata banana yucca, datil yucca<br />

Yucca elata soaptree yucca<br />

Yucca treculiana Torrey yucca<br />

Alliaceae: Onion family<br />

Allium cernuum nodding onion<br />

Allium drummondii Drummond's onion<br />

Allium geyeri Geyer onion<br />

Allium kunthii Kunth's onion<br />

Allium macropetalum showy onion<br />

Allium rhizomatum gland onion<br />

Nothoscordum bivalve crow‐poison<br />

Amaryllidaceae: Amaryllis family<br />

Zephyranthes chlorosolen evening rainlily<br />

Zephyranthes longifolia zephyr‐lily, rainlily<br />

Anthericaceae: St. Bernard's‐lily family<br />

Echeandia flavescens crag‐lily<br />

Asparagaceae: Asparagus family<br />

*Asparagus <strong>of</strong>ficinalis garden asparagus<br />

Commelinaceae: Spiderwort family<br />

Commelina dianthifolia birdbill dayflower<br />

Commelina erecta erect dayflower<br />

Commelina erecta var. angustifolia whitemouth dayflower<br />

Tradescantia wrightii Wright's spiderwort<br />

Cyperaceae: Sedge family<br />

Carex geophila White Mountain sedge<br />

Carex hystericina porcupine sedge, bottlebrush sedge<br />

Carex microdonta littletooth sedge<br />

Carex muriculata carie sedge, Schiede’s sedge<br />

Carex planostachys cedar sedge<br />

Cladium californicum sawgrass<br />

Cyperus fendlerianus Fendler flat‐sedge<br />

Eleocharis montevidensis sand spike‐rush<br />

Eleocharis palustris common spike‐rush, creeping spike‐rush<br />

Fuirena simplex western umbrella‐sedge<br />

Schoenoplectus sp. bulrush<br />

Iridaceae: Iris family<br />

Sisyrinchium demissum dwarf blue‐eyed‐grass<br />

Sisyrinchium idahoense Idaho blue‐eyed‐grass<br />

Sisyrinchium montanum mountain blue‐eyed‐grass

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Juncaceae: Rush family<br />

Juncus dudleyi Dudley’s rush<br />

Juncus tenuis bogrush, slender rush, wiregrass<br />

Juncus torreyi Torrey bogrush<br />

Melanthiaceae: Death‐camas family<br />

Schoenocaulon texanum Texas feather‐shank<br />

Nolinaceae: Beargrass family<br />

Dasylirion leiophyllum green sotol, smooth sotol<br />

Nolina micrantha chaparral beargrass, limestone sacahuiste<br />

Nolina microcarpa smallseed sacahuista<br />

Nolina texana basketgrass, Texas sacahuista<br />

Orchidaceae: Orchid family<br />

Epipactis gigantea giant hellebore, stream orchid<br />

Hexalectris nitida shining crested‐coral‐root<br />

Poaceae (Gramineae): Grass family<br />

Achnatherum eminens southwestern needlegrass<br />

Achnatherum lettermanii Letterman’s needlegrass<br />

Achatherum lobatum littleawn needlegrass<br />

Andropogon gerardii big bluestem<br />

Andropogon glomeratus bushy bluestem<br />

Aristida adscensionis six‐weeks threeawn<br />

Aristida arizonica Arizona threeawn<br />

Aristida havardii Harvard threeawn<br />

Aristida pansa Wooton threeawn<br />

Aristida purpurea purple threeawn<br />

Aristida purpurea var. nealleyi blue threeawn<br />

Aristida purpurea var. perplexa Jornada threeawn<br />

Aristida purpurea var. purpurea purple threeawn<br />

Aristida purpurea var. wrightii Wright’s threeawn<br />

*Avena fatua wild oats<br />

Blepharoneuron tricholepis pine dropseed<br />

Bothriochloa barbinodis cane bluestem<br />

*Bothriochloa ischaemum var. songarica King Ranch bluestem<br />

Bothriochloa laguroides silver bluestem<br />

Bothriochloa springfieldii Springfield’s beardgrass<br />

Bouteloua aristidoides needle grama<br />

Bouteloua barbata sixweeks grama<br />

Bouteloua breviseta gyp grama<br />

Bouteloua curtipendula sideoats grama<br />

Bouteloua eriopoda black grama<br />

Bouteloua gracilis blue grama<br />

Bouteloua hirsuta hairy grama<br />

Bouteloua simplex mat grama

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Bouteloua trifida red grama<br />

Bouteloua warnockii Warnock's grama<br />

*Bromus catharticus rescuegrass<br />

Bromus ciliatus fringed brome<br />

Bromus frondosus weeping brome<br />

*Bromus japonicus Japanese brome<br />

*Bromus madritensis ssp. rubens foxtail brome, red brome<br />

Bromus porteri Porter brome<br />

Cenchrus spinifex sandbur<br />

Chloris cucullata hooded windmillgrass<br />

*Chloris virgata feather windmillgrass<br />

*Cynodon dactylon Bermudagrass<br />

Dasyochloa pulchella fluffgrass<br />

Dichanthelium acuminatum tapered rosettegrass<br />

Dichanthelium oligosanthes Heller's rosettegrass<br />

Digitaria californica Arizona cottontop<br />

Digitaria pubiflora fall witchgrass<br />

*Digitaria sanguinalis hairy crabgrass<br />

*Echinochloa crus‐galli barnyardgrass<br />

*Eleusine indica goosegrass<br />

Elymus canadensis Canada wildrye<br />

Elymus elymoides squirreltail<br />

Elymus interruptus Texas wildrye<br />

Elymus smithii western wheatgrass<br />

Elymus spicatus bluebunch wheatgrass<br />

Enneapogon desvauxii pappusgrass<br />

*Eragrostis barrelieri Mediterranean lovegrass<br />

*Eragrostis cilianensis stinkgrass<br />

*Eragrostis curvula Boer lovegrass<br />

Eragrostis erosa Chihuahuan lovegrass<br />

Eragrostis intermedia plains lovegrass<br />

*Eragrostis lehmanniana Lehmann lovegrass<br />

Eragrostis mexicana Mexican lovegrass<br />

Eragrostis pectinacea spreading lovegrass<br />

Eragrostis spectabilis purple lovegrass<br />

Erioneuron avenaceum tridens, shortleaf woollygrass<br />

Erioneuron neallyi Nealley’s woollygrass<br />

Erioneuron pilosum hairy tridens, hairy woollygrass<br />

Festuca arizonica Arizona fescue<br />

Hesperostipa neomexicana New Mexico feathergrass<br />

Heteropogon contortus tanglehead<br />

Hopia obtusa vine mesquite<br />

*Hordeum murinum wall barley<br />

Hordeum pusillum little wildbarley<br />

Koeleria macrantha Junegrass<br />

Leptochloa dubia green spangletop<br />

*Lolium perenne Italian ryegrass, perennial ryegrass<br />

Lycurus phleoides common wolftail

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Lycurus setosus bristly wolftail<br />

Melica nitens shining oniongrass<br />

Muhlenbergia arenacea eared muhly<br />

Muhlenbergia arenicola sand muhly<br />

Muhlenbergia dubia cane muhly, pine muhly<br />

Muhlenbergia emersleyi bullgrass<br />

Muhlenbergia filiformis pullup muhly<br />

Muhlenbergia fragilis annual muhly, delicate muhly<br />

Muhlenbergia montana mountain muhly<br />

Muhlenbergia pauciflora New Mexico muhly<br />

Muhlenbergia porteri bush muhly<br />

Muhlenbergia repens creeping muhly, red muhly<br />

Muhlenbergia rigida purple muhly<br />

Muhlenbergia setifolia curlyleaf muhly<br />

Muhlenbergia spiciformis longawn muhly<br />

Muhlenbergia tenuifolia mesa muhly, slimflower muhly<br />

Muhlenbergia torreyi ring muhly<br />

Munroa squarrosa false‐buffalograss<br />

Nassella tenuissima Mexican feathergrass<br />

*Panicum antidotale blue panicum<br />

Panicum bulbosum bulb panicgrass<br />

Panicum capillare witchgrass<br />

*Panicum coloratum Kleingrass<br />

Panicum hallii Hall's panicgrass<br />

Panicum hirticaule Mexican witchgrass<br />

Panicum hirticaule var. hirticaule Mexican witchgrass<br />

Paspalum distichum jointed crowngrass, knotgrass<br />

*Phalaris canariensis common canarygrass<br />

Piptochaetium fimbriatum piñon ricegrass<br />

Piptochaetium pringlei Pringle ricegrass<br />

Pleuraphis mutica tobosa<br />

*Poa annua annual bluegrass<br />

Poa bigelovii Bigelow’s bluegrass<br />

Poa fendleriana muttongrass<br />

Poa reflexa nodding bluegrass<br />

*Polypogon monspeliensis rabbitfootgrass<br />

*Polypogon viridis beardless rabbitfootgrass<br />

Puccinellia sp. alkaligrass<br />

Schizachyrium cirratum Texas bluestem<br />

Schizachryium neomexicanum New Mexico little bluestem<br />

Schizachyrium scoparium little bluestem<br />

Scleropogon brevifolius burrograss<br />

Setaria leucopila plains bristlegrass<br />

Setaria macrostachya plains bristlegrass<br />

*Setaria viridis green bristlegrass<br />

Sorghastrum nutans Indiangrass<br />

*Sorghum halepense Johnsongrass<br />

Sphenopholis obtusata wedgescale

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Sporobolus airoides alkali sacaton<br />

Sporobolus contractus spike dropseed<br />

Sporobolus cryptandrus sand dropseed<br />

Sporobolus flexuosus mesa dropseed<br />

Sporobolus nealleyi gypgrass<br />

Sporobolus wrightii giant sacaton<br />

*Tragus berteronianus burgrass<br />

Tridens muticus slim tridens<br />

Tridens muticus var. elongatus rough tridens<br />

Potamogetonaceae: Pondweed family<br />

Potamogeton foliosus leafy pondweed<br />

Typhaceae: Cattail family<br />

*Typha angustifolia narrowleaf cattail<br />

Typha domingensis southern cattail<br />

Symbols:<br />

‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐<br />

* = non‐native<br />

() = Variety‐level taxon which is abandoned in Allred and Ivey, but is federally listed by U.S. Fish and<br />

Wildlife Service<br />

____________________________________<br />

Nomenclature follows:<br />

Flora Neomexicana III: An Illustrated Identification Manual. Kelly W. Allred and Robert DeWitt Ivey.<br />

2012.<br />

Flora Neomexicana I: Annotated Checklist, Second Edition. Kelly W. Allred. 2012.