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A low-slung building with glass and steel.
S.R. Crown Hall.
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14 significant Mies van der Rohe buildings in Chicago

From the Federal Center to the IIT campus

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S.R. Crown Hall.
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Ludwig Mies van der Rohe heavily influenced Chicago’s architecture—we have more Mies building than any other city. In 1938, he arrived in Chicago after leaving the Bauhaus School in Germany. The architect took a position at the Armour Institute of Technology (which became the Illinois Institute of Technology) and preached his “less is more” philosophy.

By the 1960s, Mies had clearly broken from the traditional Chicago aesthetic and developed a modern style using glass and steel. His designs range from the low-slung IIT campus to a pair of residential towers on Lake Shore Drive and an the bold Federal Center complex.

If you’re just getting familiar with the architect, here’s a chronological primer on the most significant Mies structures in the Chicago area.

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Minerals and Metals Building, 1943

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Back in the early 1940s, Mies was still very new to the city. This particular design at the Illinois Institute of Technology campus (IIT) was the architect’s first commission for the school. It was also his first building in the country.

Wishnick Hall, 1946

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Unlike his first few buildings for IIT, Wishnick Hall hints at the full on steel beam and glass construction that would become what Mies was known for designing. In 2006, the building underwent a renovation effort that restored the lobby, auditorium, and hallways.

Perlstein Hall, 1947

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When it was constructed, this building was known as the Mechanical and Chemical Engineering Building. This design, centered around a vine-covered courtyard, was the architect’s largest building at IIT.

The Promontory Apartments, 1949

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In Hyde Park, Mies constructed his first high-rise building. The 22-story, 122-unit tower was also the first of several collaborations with developer Herbert Greenwald who would partner with Mies on several prolific residential projects.

860-880 Lake Shore Apartments, 1951

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Perhaps one of Mies' most well-known projects, the twin apartment towers on Lake Shore Drive were the first residential project to use fully exposed steel I-beams. The use of this structural design on such a prominent sight signaled a pivotal moment in the Miesian Modern movement.

IIT Chapel, 1952

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This small building was intentionally designed to be unassuming. Of the building, Mies once said, “There is nothing spectacular about this chapel; it was not meant to be spectacular. It was meant to be simple, and in fact, it is simple. But in its simplicity it is not primitive, but noble, and in its smallness it is great, in fact, monumental.”

The Commons at IIT, 1954

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This long, single story building was built to serve as the IIT campus' cafeteria and amenity space. It was restored in 2003, and still used as a dining hall for students.

Esplanade Apartment Buildings, 1956

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The lakefront project was a collaboration with Mies’ developer and partner Herbert Greenwald. These towers are near the architect’s first Lake Shore Drive project, which was built five years before. While this design looks similar to the other pair of towers, this grid features a continuous curtain wall of aluminum and glass.

Commonwealth Promenade Apartments, 1956

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Here’s another famous Mies and Greenwald project. The original site plan called for four towers, but ultimately the team opted for two. The apartments here have incredible views of Lake Michigan, which you can take a look into here.

S.R. Crown Hall, 1956

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The Mies Society says that this building is “by all accounts, a masterpiece.” The short, steel and glass building was a groundbreaking achievement at the time, but also very pricey. Designed and built as the home of IIT's School of Architecture and Institute of Design, the building would also become immortalized in Stanley Tigerman's collage, “The Titanic.”

2400 North Lakeview Condos, 1963

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In 1958, Mies retired from IIT and worked on projects for other cities in the following years (notably, the 39-story Seagram Building in New York City). However, in 1963, the architect’s focus returned back to Chicago to design and construction this aluminum, concrete and glass tower near Lake Michigan.

Chicago Federal Center, 1964

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Chicago's Federal Center is perhaps Mies' most ambitious single project, taking over two decades from its early design stages to completion. The complex includes the 45-story John C. Kluczynski Federal Building, the 30-story Everett McKinley Dirksen United States Courthouse and a wide, single-story post office that sits in between the towers.

Most people will be familiar with the red hot sculpture from artist Alexander Calder, Flamingo, which resides on the center's plaza.

University of Chicago's SSA, 1965

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The School of Social Service Administration at the University of Chicago was Mies' last project before his death in 1969. The building’s design is heavily influenced by IIT’s Crown Hall—it’s one-story, steel beam construction is quite similar.

One IBM Plaza (1970)

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Finished after Mies’ death, this 52-story downtown tower is known to locals as the IBM building. Sitting along the Chicago River, it’s one of the first building’s pointed out on architectural river cruises. Not solely offices anymore, the monolithic, no-nonsense tower now houses the high-end Langham Hotel.

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Minerals and Metals Building, 1943

Back in the early 1940s, Mies was still very new to the city. This particular design at the Illinois Institute of Technology campus (IIT) was the architect’s first commission for the school. It was also his first building in the country.

Wishnick Hall, 1946

Unlike his first few buildings for IIT, Wishnick Hall hints at the full on steel beam and glass construction that would become what Mies was known for designing. In 2006, the building underwent a renovation effort that restored the lobby, auditorium, and hallways.

Perlstein Hall, 1947

When it was constructed, this building was known as the Mechanical and Chemical Engineering Building. This design, centered around a vine-covered courtyard, was the architect’s largest building at IIT.

The Promontory Apartments, 1949

In Hyde Park, Mies constructed his first high-rise building. The 22-story, 122-unit tower was also the first of several collaborations with developer Herbert Greenwald who would partner with Mies on several prolific residential projects.

860-880 Lake Shore Apartments, 1951

Perhaps one of Mies' most well-known projects, the twin apartment towers on Lake Shore Drive were the first residential project to use fully exposed steel I-beams. The use of this structural design on such a prominent sight signaled a pivotal moment in the Miesian Modern movement.

IIT Chapel, 1952

This small building was intentionally designed to be unassuming. Of the building, Mies once said, “There is nothing spectacular about this chapel; it was not meant to be spectacular. It was meant to be simple, and in fact, it is simple. But in its simplicity it is not primitive, but noble, and in its smallness it is great, in fact, monumental.”

The Commons at IIT, 1954

This long, single story building was built to serve as the IIT campus' cafeteria and amenity space. It was restored in 2003, and still used as a dining hall for students.

Esplanade Apartment Buildings, 1956

The lakefront project was a collaboration with Mies’ developer and partner Herbert Greenwald. These towers are near the architect’s first Lake Shore Drive project, which was built five years before. While this design looks similar to the other pair of towers, this grid features a continuous curtain wall of aluminum and glass.

Commonwealth Promenade Apartments, 1956

Here’s another famous Mies and Greenwald project. The original site plan called for four towers, but ultimately the team opted for two. The apartments here have incredible views of Lake Michigan, which you can take a look into here.

S.R. Crown Hall, 1956

The Mies Society says that this building is “by all accounts, a masterpiece.” The short, steel and glass building was a groundbreaking achievement at the time, but also very pricey. Designed and built as the home of IIT's School of Architecture and Institute of Design, the building would also become immortalized in Stanley Tigerman's collage, “The Titanic.”

2400 North Lakeview Condos, 1963

In 1958, Mies retired from IIT and worked on projects for other cities in the following years (notably, the 39-story Seagram Building in New York City). However, in 1963, the architect’s focus returned back to Chicago to design and construction this aluminum, concrete and glass tower near Lake Michigan.

Chicago Federal Center, 1964

Chicago's Federal Center is perhaps Mies' most ambitious single project, taking over two decades from its early design stages to completion. The complex includes the 45-story John C. Kluczynski Federal Building, the 30-story Everett McKinley Dirksen United States Courthouse and a wide, single-story post office that sits in between the towers.

Most people will be familiar with the red hot sculpture from artist Alexander Calder, Flamingo, which resides on the center's plaza.

University of Chicago's SSA, 1965

The School of Social Service Administration at the University of Chicago was Mies' last project before his death in 1969. The building’s design is heavily influenced by IIT’s Crown Hall—it’s one-story, steel beam construction is quite similar.

One IBM Plaza (1970)

Finished after Mies’ death, this 52-story downtown tower is known to locals as the IBM building. Sitting along the Chicago River, it’s one of the first building’s pointed out on architectural river cruises. Not solely offices anymore, the monolithic, no-nonsense tower now houses the high-end Langham Hotel.