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Actephila excelsa (Dalzell) Müll.Arg.

Accepted
Flower insertion
Flower insertion
Bark cut
Bark cut
Fruit cut
Fruit cut
Male flower
Male flower
Leaf upper side
Leaf upper side
Fruit insertion
Fruit insertion
Swollen petiole
Swollen petiole
Flower insertion
Flower insertion
Flowers on old branches
Flowers on old branches
Leaf upper side
Leaf upper side
Fruiting branch
Fruiting branch
Female flower
Female flower
Flower insertion
Bark cut
Fruit cut
Male flower
Leaf upper side
Fruit insertion
Swollen petiole
Flower insertion
Flowers on old branches
Leaf upper side
Fruiting branch
Female flower
🗒 Synonyms
synonymActephila excelsa var. genuinum Pax & K.Hoffm., nom. inval.
synonymAnomospermum excelsum Dalzell
🗒 Common Names
No Data
📚 Overview
Overview
Summary
Understorey trees in evergreen forests between 300 and 2200 m.
B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry.
Attributions B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry.
Contributors 
ayyappan Narayanan
Status UNDER_CREATION
Licenses CC_BY
References 
    Brief
    Flowering class: Dicot Habit: Tree
    Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
    Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
    Contributors 
    Status UNDER_CREATION
    Licenses CC_BY
    References 
      Diagnostic Keys
      Description
      Habit: Tree
      G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
      Attributions G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
      Contributors 
      Status UNDER_CREATION
      Licenses CC_BY
      References 
        Small trees. Young stem, bracts and calyx lobes hispid without. Leaves 7-20 x 2-5 cm, lanceolate to oblanceolate, acute at apex, attenuate at base; petioles 0.5-1 cm long. Flowers axillary, clustered; male many, short-pedicelled; female 1-2, long-pedicelled. Male flowers: Pedicels 0.3-0.4 cm long. Calyx lobes 5, hairy without. Petals 5, smaller than calyx, white; disc lobed. Stamens 3-6, attached on the disc, filaments united to form a gonophore; pistillode present within gonophore. Female flowers: Pedicel 1-1.3 cm long. Ovary ovoid, 0.4-0.5 cm long, 0.3-0.4 cm diam, 3-celled; ovules 2 in each cell; styles 3, each again 2-fid to form 6-stigmatic lobes, lobes papillate.
        Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
        Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
        Contributors 
        Status UNDER_CREATION
        Licenses CC_BY
        References 
          Habit

          Trees, up to 8 m tall.

          Trunk & Bark

          Bark brownish, lenticellate; blaze pink.

          Branches and Branchlets

          Branchlets terete, glabrous.

          Leaves

          Leaves simple, alternate, spiral; stipules in pairs, caducous and leaving scar; petiole to 2 cm, swollen at both ends; lamina to 15 × 4 cm, variable, elliptic-lanceolate to oblanceolate, apex acute, base attenuate, subcoriaceous; midrib raised above; secondary nerves 6-12 pairs; tertiary nerves broadly reticulate.

          Inflorescence / Flower

          Flowers unisexual, dioecious; male flowers in axillary clusters, short pedicellate, petals white, disk yellow; female solitary, axillary, long pedicellate, petals yellowish and small, disk yellow.

          Fruit and Seed

          Capsule, compressed, globose, 2 × 3.2 cm, woody, long pedicellate; seeds 2 per cell.

          B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry.
          Attributions B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry.
          Contributors 
          Status UNDER_CREATION
          Licenses CC_BY
          References 
            No Data
            📚 Natural History
            Cyclicity
            Flowering and fruiting: April-May
            Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
            Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
            Contributors 
            Status UNDER_CREATION
            Licenses CC_BY
            References 
              Morphology

              Growth Form

              Tree
              Tree
              Ecology
              Understorey trees in evergreen forests between 300 and 2200 m.
              B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry.
              Attributions B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry.
              Contributors 
              Status UNDER_CREATION
              Licenses CC_BY
              References 
                Miscellaneous Details
                Notes: Evergreen Forests & Moist Deciduous Forests
                G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                Attributions G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                Contributors 
                Status UNDER_CREATION
                Licenses CC_BY
                References 
                  No Data
                  📚 Habitat and Distribution
                  General Habitat
                  Forested areas, thickets
                  Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
                  Attributions Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
                  Contributors 
                  Status UNDER_CREATION
                  Licenses CC_BY
                  References 
                    Evergreen and semi-evergreen forests
                    Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                    Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                    Contributors 
                    Status UNDER_CREATION
                    Licenses CC_BY
                    References 
                      Description
                      Global Distribution

                      India: Assam, Meghalaya; Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam

                      Local Distribution

                      Nagaon, Dima Hasao, Sivasagar

                      Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
                      Attributions Dr. Chandra Barooah & Iftikher Ahmed (2014) Assam Science Technology and Environment Council.
                      Contributors 
                      Status UNDER_CREATION
                      Licenses CC_BY
                      References 
                        Global Distribution

                        Peninsular India and Sri Lanka

                        Indian distribution

                        State - Kerala, District/s: Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Thiruvananthapuram, Kozhikkode, Wayanad

                        Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                        Attributions Dr. N Sasidharan (Dr. B P Pal Fellow), Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi
                        Contributors 
                        Status UNDER_CREATION
                        Licenses CC_BY
                        References 
                          Maharashtra: Kolhapur, Ratnagiri, Satara Karnataka: Chikmagalur, N. Kanara Kerala: Kollam, Pathanamthitta, Thiruvananthapuram Tamil Nadu: Coimbatore, Dindigul, Nilgiri, Tirunelveli, Virudhunagar
                          G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                          Attributions G. Renu, Sanjana Julias Thilakar, D. Narasimhan, Centre for Floristic Research, Department of Botany, Madras Christian College, Tambaram
                          Contributors 
                          Status UNDER_CREATION
                          Licenses CC_BY
                          References 
                            Indomalaysia; in the Western Ghats- occasional in South Sahyadri and rare in Chikmagalur (Bababudan Hills) and Sirsi Regions of Central Sahyadri.
                            B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry.
                            Attributions B. R. Ramesh, N. Ayyappan, Pierre Grard, Juliana Prosperi, S. Aravajy, Jean Pierre Pascal, The Biotik Team, French Institute of Pondicherry.
                            Contributors 
                            Status UNDER_CREATION
                            Licenses CC_BY
                            References 
                              No Data
                              📚 Occurrence
                              No Data
                              📚 Uses and Management
                              No Data
                              📚 Information Listing
                              References
                              1. Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987; Fischer 1921
                              1. Actephila neilgherrensis Wight, Ic. t. 1910. 1852.
                              2. Anomospermum excelsum Dalz. in Hook.'s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 228. 1851.
                              3. Actephila excelsa (Dalz.) Muell.-Arg., Linnaea 32: 78. 1863; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1283(898). 1925; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 355. 1984; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 405. 1994; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 591. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 435. 2005; N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab., Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 397. 2007.
                              Information Listing > References
                              1. Flora of Tamil Nadu, VOL. II, 1987; Fischer 1921
                              2. Actephila neilgherrensis Wight, Ic. t. 1910. 1852.
                              3. Anomospermum excelsum Dalz. in Hook.'s J. Bot. Kew Gard. Misc. 3: 228. 1851.
                              4. Actephila excelsa (Dalz.) Muell.-Arg., Linnaea 32: 78. 1863; Gamble, Fl. Pres. Madras 1283(898). 1925; Mohanan, Fl. Quilon Dist. 355. 1984; M. Mohanan & Henry, Fl. Thiruvanthapuram 405. 1994; Mohanan & Sivad., Fl. Agasthyamala 591. 2002; Anil Kumar et al., Fl. Pathanamthitta 435. 2005; N.P.Balakr. & Chakrab., Fam. Euphorbiaceae India 397. 2007.

                              A note on the population status and threats on two endemic and Endangered species of Garcinia of Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve, Tamil Nadu, India

                              Journal of Threatened Taxa

                              Arborescent Angiosperms of Mundanthurai Range in the Kalakad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR) of the southern Western Ghats, India

                              Siddarth Jude Machado

                              CEPF-ATREE smallgrant program report 2011 - ACTIndia

                              cepfrit
                              No Data
                              📚 Meta data
                              No Data
                              🐾 Taxonomy
                              RootRoot
                              KingdomPlantae
                              PhylumTracheophyta
                              ClassEquisetopsida C. Agardh
                              OrderMalpighiales Juss. ex Bercht. & J. Presl
                              FamilyPhyllanthaceae
                              GenusActephila
                              SpeciesActephila excelsa (Dalzell) Müll.Arg.
                              📊 Temporal Distribution
                              📷 Related Observations
                              👥 Groups
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