Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Characterization and pathogenicity of Fusarium solani associated with dry root rot of citrus in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey

  • Disease Note
  • Published:
Journal of General Plant Pathology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Fusarium dry root rot is one of the most dangerous diseases of citrus in Turkey. Since December 2015, a devastating decline has caused light purple, vascular discolorations, and dry decay of fibrous roots in some citrus orchards. Cream-colored colonies produced ovoid, ellipsoid or reniform, 1–2-celled microconidia. Macroconidia were 3–5 septate, hyaline, straight, or slightly curved. Chlamydospores were produced from mycelium in intercalary or terminal chains. The fungus was identified as Fusarium solani by sequencing of the ITS and tef-1α nucleotides, pathogenicity assay and MALDI-TOF MS. In pathogenicity tests on ‘Okitsu’, 20 isolates of Fusarium spp. caused typical root rot.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

References

  • Al-Sadi AM, Al-Ghaithi AG, Al-Fahdi N, Al-Yahyai R (2014) Characterization and pathogenicity of fungal pathogens associated with root diseases of citrus in Oman. Int J Agric Biol 16:371–376

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baker RA, Tatum JH, Nemec S (1981) Toxin production by Fusarium solani from fibrous roots of blight-diseased citrus. Phytopathology 71:951–954

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bender GS (1985) Dry root rot of citrus—factors which increase the susceptibility of trees to infection by Fusarium solani. PhD dissertation, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA

  • Boratyn GM, Camacho C, Cooper PS, Coulouris G, Fong A, Ma N, Madden TL, Matten WT, McGinnis SD, Merezhuk Y, Raytselis Y, Sayers EW, Tao T, Ye J, Zaretskaya I (2013) BLAST: a more efficient report with usability improvements. Nucleic Acids Res 41:w29–w33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Broadbent P (2000) Dry root rot or sudden death. In: Timmer LW, Garnsey SM, Graham JH (eds) Compendium of citrus diseases, 2nd edn. APS Press, St. Paul, p 71

    Google Scholar 

  • Bueno CJ, Fischer IH, Rosa DD, Firmino AC, Harakava R, Oliveira CMG, Furtado EL (2014) Fusarium solani f. sp. passiflorae: a new forma specialis causing collar rot in yellow passion fruit. Plant Pathol 63:382–389

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cacciola SO, di San Magnano, Lio G (2008) Management of citrus diseases caused by Phytophthora spp. In: Ciancio A, Mukerji KG (eds) Integrated management of diseases caused by fungi, phytoplasma and bacteria. Springer Publishing, NY, pp 61–84

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Carbone I, Kohn LM (1999) A method for designing primer sets for speciation studies in filamentous ascomycetes. Mycologia 91:553–556

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chalupová J, Raus M, Sedlářová M, Šebela M (2014) Identification of fungal microorganisms by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Biotech Adv 32:230–241

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Conzulex W, Ramallo J, Ploper LD (1997) Identification of Fusarium solani (Mart.) associated with decline and root rot of grapefruit (Citrus paradisi). Avana Agroindustrial 18:7–8

    Google Scholar 

  • El-Mohamedy RSR (1998) Studies on wilt and root rot disease of some citrus plants in Egypt. PhD thesis, Fac Agric Ain Shams Univ, Cairo, Egypt, 227 pp

  • FAO (2017) FAOSTAT FAO Statistical databases: Crops. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome Italy. Available at https://www.fao.org /faostat/en/#data/QC. Accessed 19 Jan 2019

  • Farr DF, Rossman AY (2019) Fungal databases. Systematic Mycology & Microbiology Laboratory, U.S. National Fungus Collections, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, USA. Available at https://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases/new_allView.cfm?whichone= FungusHost&thisName=Fusarium%20solani&organismtype=Fungus&fromAllCount=yes. Accessed 6 Feb 2019

  • Graham JH, Brlansky RH, Timmer LW, Lee RF, Marais LJ, Bender GS (1985) Comparison of citrus tree declines with necrosis of major roots and their association with Fusarium solani. Plant Dis 69:1055–1058

    Google Scholar 

  • Kore SS, Mane AV (1992) A dry root rot disease of kagzilime (Citrus aurantifolia) seedling caused by Fusarium solani. J Maharashtra Agric Universities 17:276–278

    Google Scholar 

  • Kunta M, Salas B, Gonzales M, da Graça JV (2015) First report of citrus dry root rot caused by Fusarium solani on sour orange rootstock in Texas. J Citrus Pathol: iocv_journalcitruspathology_27974

  • Kumar S, Stecher G, Tamura K (2016) MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Mol Biol Evol 33:1870–1874

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Labuschagne N, Kotzè JM, Putterill JF (1987) Incidence of Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum in citrus roots and infection by F. solani. Phytophylactica 19:315–318

    Google Scholar 

  • Leslie JF, Summerell BA (2006) The Fusarium laboratory manual. Blackwell, Oxford

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Menge JA, Nemec S (1997) Citrus. In: Hillocks RJ, Waller JM (eds) Soilborne diseases of tropical crops. CAB International, Wallingford, pp 185–227

    Google Scholar 

  • Nemec S, Baker R (1992) Observations on Fusarium solani naphthazarin toxins, their action, and potential role in citrus plant disease. Proceedings of the 7th meeting of the International Society of Citriculture, Acireale, Italy, International Society of Citriculture, Riverside pp 832–837

  • Nemec S, Baker R, Burnett H (1980) Pathogenicity of Fusarium solani to citrus roots and its possible role in blight etiology. Proc Florida State Horticul Soc 93:36–41

    Google Scholar 

  • Nemec S, Jabaji-Hare S, Charest PM (1991) ELISA and immunocytochemical detection of Fusarium solani-produced naphthazarin toxins in citrus trees in Florida. Phytopathology 81:1497–1503

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • O’Donnell K, Ward TJ, Robert VARG, Crous PW, Geiser DM, Kang S (2015) DNA sequence-based identification of Fusarium: current status and future directions. Phytoparasitica 43:583–595

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Polizzi G, Magnano di San Lio G, Catara A (1992) Dry root rot of citranges in Italy. Proceedings of the 7th meeting of the International Society of Citriculture, Acireale, Italy, International Society of Citriculture, Riverside pp 890–893

  • Rehman A, U AR, Javed N, Malik AU, Mehboob S, (2012) Toxin production by Fusarium solani from declining citrus plants and its management. Afr J Biotechnol 11:2199–2203

    Google Scholar 

  • Spina S, Coco V, Gentile A, Catara A, Cirvilleri G (2008) Association of Fusarium solani with rolABC and wild type Troyer citrange. J Plant Pathol 90:479–486

    Google Scholar 

  • Tuxbury KA, Shaw GC, Montali RJ, Clayton LA, Kwiatkowski NP, Dykstra MJ, Mankowski JL (2014) Fusarium solani species complex associated with carapace lesions and bronchitis in captive American horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus. Dis Aquat Organ 109:223–230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Verma KS, Nartey S, Singh N (1999) Occurrence and control of dry root rot of citrus seedlings. Pl Dis Res 14:31–34

    Google Scholar 

  • White TJ, T Bruns, S Lee, JW Taylor (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis MA, DH Gelfand, JJ Sninsky, TJ White (eds) PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic Press, New York pp 315-322

  • Yaseen T, D’Onghia AM (2012) Fusarium spp. associated to citrus dry root rot: an emerging issue for Mediterranean citriculture. Acta Hortic 940:647–655

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou Q, Li N, Chang KF, Hwang SF, Strelkov SE, Conner RL, McLaren DL, Fu HT, Harding MW, Turnbull GD (2018) Genetic diversity and aggressiveness of Fusarium species isolated from soybean in Alberta, Canada. Crop Prot 105:49–58

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, and Centre for Implementation and Research of Plant Health Clinic, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, 31040, Hatay, Turkey

    Şener Kurt, Aysun Uysal, E. Mine Soylu, Merve Kara & Soner Soylu

Authors
  1. Şener Kurt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Aysun Uysal
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. E. Mine Soylu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Merve Kara
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Soner Soylu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Şener Kurt.

Ethics declarations

Conflicts of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Research involving human participants and/or animals

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kurt, Ş., Uysal, A., Soylu, E.M. et al. Characterization and pathogenicity of Fusarium solani associated with dry root rot of citrus in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey. J Gen Plant Pathol 86, 326–332 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-020-00922-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10327-020-00922-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation