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Diversity of Ophiostomatales species associated with conifer-infesting beetles in the Western Carpathians

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Abstract

Bark beetles (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) are commonly recognised as important agents of tree mortality in coniferous forests of the Western Carpathians. They, together with weevils, are consistently associated with ophiostomatoid fungi. Information regarding conifer beetle-associated fungi in the Western Carpathians remains incomplete and unreliable, particularly with respect to fir-infesting bark beetles. This study aims to clarify associations between fungi in the genera Graphilbum, Leptographium, Ophiostoma and Sporothrix (Ophiostomatales) and their beetle vectors in Norway spruce (Picea abies), European larch (Larix decidua) and silver fir (Abies alba). Samples associated with 20 bark beetle species and weevils were collected from nine stands in Poland and the Czech Republic. Fungi were isolated from adult beetles and galleries. Isolates were identified based on morphology, DNA sequence comparisons for four gene regions (ITS, LSU, ß-tubulin, TEF 1-α) and phylogenetic analyses. In total, 46 distinct taxa were identified, including 25 known and 21 currently unknown species. Several associations between fungi and subcortical insects were recorded for the first time. In addition, O. borealis and O. quercus were detected from A. alba for the first time. The composition of the fungal communities varied among the studied tree species and to a lesser degree among the beetle species. The spruce-infesting bark beetles were commonly associated with species of Leptographium s. l. and Ophiostoma s. str.; the larch-infesting bark beetles were often associated with Ophiostoma s. str. and Sporothrix, while the fir-infesting bark beetles were commonly associated with Ophiostoma s. str. and Graphilbum. The most commonly encountered fungal associates of the examined insects were (a) Grosmannia cucullata, G. piceiperda, Grosmannia sp. 1, Ophiostoma macroclavatum and O. piceae with the spruce-infesting bark beetles; (b) O. pseudocatenulatum and Sporothrix sp. 1 with the larch-infesting bark beetles; and (c) O. piceae, Ophiostoma sp. 2 and Graphilbum sp. 2 with the fir-infesting bark beetles. The differences in fungal associates among the bark beetle species occurring on P. abies, L. decidua and A. alba could be linked to the different habitats that these beetles occupy.

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Acknowledgements

The study was supported financially by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland. This research was also supported by project QJ1220317 of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Czech Republic and partly by the National Science Centre, Poland (Contract No. UMO-2014/15/B/NZ9/00560).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Forest Pathology, Mycology and Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Ecosystem Protection, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425, Krakow, Poland

    Robert Jankowiak, Beata Strzałka, Sebastian Matwiejczuk & Marcin Misztela

  2. Department of Forest Protection, Entomology and Forest Climatology, Institute of Forest Ecosystem Protection, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425, Krakow, Poland

    Piotr Bilański, Magdalena Kacprzyk & Robert Rossa

  3. Department of Forest Protection and Entomology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00, Prague, Czech Republic

    Karolina Lukášová

  4. Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 27, 00014, Helsinki, Finland

    Riikka Linnakoski

  5. Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa

    Riikka Linnakoski

Authors
  1. Robert Jankowiak
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  2. Beata Strzałka
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  4. Magdalena Kacprzyk
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  5. Karolina Lukášová
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  6. Riikka Linnakoski
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  7. Sebastian Matwiejczuk
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  8. Marcin Misztela
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  9. Robert Rossa
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Correspondence to Robert Jankowiak.

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Funding

This study was funded by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland.

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Communicated by Jarmo Holopainen.

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Jankowiak, R., Strzałka, B., Bilański, P. et al. Diversity of Ophiostomatales species associated with conifer-infesting beetles in the Western Carpathians. Eur J Forest Res 136, 939–956 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-017-1081-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-017-1081-0

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