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Yeast communities in Sphagnum phyllosphere along the temperature-moisture ecocline in the boreal forest-swamp ecosystem and description of Candida sphagnicola sp. nov.

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Abstract

The effects of the temperature-moisture factors on the phylloplane yeast communities inhabiting Sphagnum mosses were studied along the transition from a boreal forest to a swamp biotope at the Central Forest State Biosphere Reserve (Tver region, Russia). We tested the hypothesis that microclimatic parameters affect yeast community composition and structure even on a rather small spatial scale. Using a conventional plating technique we isolated and identified by molecular methods a total of 15 species of yeasts. Total yeast counts and species richness values did not depend on environmental factors, although yeast community composition and structure did. On average, Sphagnum in the swamp biotope supported a more evenly structured yeast community. Relative abundance of ascomycetous yeasts was significantly higher on swamp moss. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa dominated in the spruce forest and Cryptococcus magnus was more abundant in the swamp. Our study confirmed the low occurrence of tremellaceous yeasts in the Sphagnum phyllosphere. Of the few isolated ascomycetous yeast and yeast-like species, some were differentiated from hitherto known species in physiological tests and phylogenetic analyses. We describe one of them as Candida sphagnicola and designate KBP Y-3887T (=CBS 11774T = VKPM Y-3566T = MUCL 53590T) as the type strain. The new species was registered in MycoBank under MB 563443.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Chernov IYu (Moscow State University, Russia), Daniel H-M (BCCM/MUCL, Belgium), Schäfer AM (Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany) and three anonymous reviewers for their valuable suggestions on the manuscript. This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Fundamental Research (RFBR) 10-04-00332-a and the German Research Foundation (DFG) YU 152-1/1. We thank Glushakova AM for providing a strain for the analysis and Maksimova IA for line drawings.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Soil Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    Aleksey V. Kachalkin

  2. Geobotanik, Fakultät für Biologie und Biotechnologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany

    Andrey M. Yurkov

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  1. Aleksey V. Kachalkin
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Correspondence to Aleksey V. Kachalkin.

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A. V. Kachalkin and A. M. Yurkov contributed equally to the manuscript.

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Fig. S1

Supplementary material 1: Pairwise genetic distances (p-values) within the Candida glaebosa clade obtained withNJ (black) and ML (grey) algorithms (EPS 417 kb)

10482_2012_9710_MOESM2_ESM.eps

Supplementary material 2: Parsimony network analysis of the LSU (D1/D2 domains) rDNA and the ITS region of Candida sphagnicola and other species comprising Candida glaebosa clade. The GenBank accession numbers are identical with those depicted in Fig. 5. Each connecting line represents one substitution, numbers indicate a position in the alignment and each small circle represents a missing intermediate sequence. The rectangle indicates the sequences identified as ancestral by the analysis. Gray dashed line represents a connection between the two networks when the option “connect all” is used (EPS 457 kb)

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Kachalkin, A.V., Yurkov, A.M. Yeast communities in Sphagnum phyllosphere along the temperature-moisture ecocline in the boreal forest-swamp ecosystem and description of Candida sphagnicola sp. nov.. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 102, 29–43 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-012-9710-6

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