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p-Menthadienols-rich essential oil from Cymbopogon martini ameliorates skin inflammation

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Abstract

Cymbopogon martini variety sofia, commonly known as ginger-grass, is an important aromatic crop used by the perfumery, medicinal and cosmetic industries worldwide. This study explores the chemical and possible pharmacological profile of hydro-distilled essential oil of C. martini variety sofia against skin inflammation. The essential oil extracted by the hydrodistillation process was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) to identify its constituents, and was coded as CMA-01 for further in vitro and in vivo pharmacological study related to skin inflammation. The chemical fingerprint revealed that CMA-01 oil has (E)-p-mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol (21.0%), (E)-p-mentha-1(7),8-dien-2-ol (18.1%), (Z)-p-mentha-1(7),8-dien-2-ol (17.4%), (Z)-p-mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol (9.0%), limonene (7.7%), and (E)-carveol (5.7%) as major components. The pre-treatment of CMA-01 showed significant inhibition of pro-inflammatory markers in activated HaCat cells without cytotoxic effect. The in vivo study revealed the ameliorative impact of CMA-01 against skin inflammation induced by TPA in mouse ears as evidenced by a reduction of ear edema, pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-6, TNF-α), oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde and nitric-oxide) and histological changes in ear tissues without any skin irritation response on rabbit skin. These findings suggest the suitability of CMA-01 as a valuable therapeutic candidate for the treatment of skin inflammation.

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Data availability

Enquiries about data availability should be directed to the authors.

Abbreviations

CMA-01:

Cymbopogon martini Var. sofia essential oil

MTT:

3-[4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide

IL-6:

Interleukin-6

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

TNF- α:

Tumor necrosis factor-α

TPA:

12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

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Funding

This study was supported financially under the AROMA mission project HCP-0007 (Phase-II) by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, India.

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Author notes

  1. Swati Singh and Divya Bhatt made equal contributions.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India

    Swati Singh, Munmun Kumar Singh & Ram Swaroop Verma

  2. Bio-Prospection and Product Development, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), PO CIMAP, Lucknow, 226015, India

    Divya Bhatt, Anil Kumar Maurya, KM Monazza Israr & Dnyaneshwar U. Bawankule

  3. CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Research Centre Pantnagar, P.O. Dairy Farm Nagla, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, 263149, India

    Amit Chauhan & Rajendra Chandra Padalia

  4. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Swati Singh, Munmun Kumar Singh, Ram Swaroop Verma & Dnyaneshwar U. Bawankule

Authors
  1. Swati Singh
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  2. Divya Bhatt
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  3. Munmun Kumar Singh
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  4. Anil Kumar Maurya
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  6. Amit Chauhan
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  8. Ram Swaroop Verma
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  9. Dnyaneshwar U. Bawankule
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Contributions

RSV, DUB, SS and DB conceived and designed the experiments and wrote the paper. SS, MKS, RSV and RCP performed the experiments and analyzed the data related to the chemistry. DB, AKM, KMI and DUB performed the experiments and analyzed the data related to the anti-inflammatory activity and histopathology. AC has grown the plant in the field and performed the botanical authentication and extraction of essential oil.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Ram Swaroop Verma or Dnyaneshwar U. Bawankule.

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Singh, S., Bhatt, D., Singh, M.K. et al. p-Menthadienols-rich essential oil from Cymbopogon martini ameliorates skin inflammation. Inflammopharmacol 30, 895–905 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-022-00954-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-022-00954-8

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