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Plant regeneration from petal explants of Hypericum perforatum L

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Abstract

Hypericum perforatum L. (St. John’s wort) produces a number of phytochemicals having medicinal, anti-microbial, anti-viral and anti-oxidative properties. Plant extracts are generally used for treatment of mild to medium cases of depression. Plant regeneration can be achieved in this species by in vitro culture of a variety of explants. However, there are no reports of regeneration from petal explants. In this report plant regeneration from petal explants of St. John’s wort was evaluated. Petals of various ages were cultured on agarized Murashige and Skoog 1962 (MS) medium supplemented with auxin and cytokinin (kinetin), maintained in the dark and callus and shoot regeneration determined after 28 days. At an auxin to cytokinin ratio of 10:1, callus and shoot formation were induced by all levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), while 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) induced only callus formation. The optimum level of auxin for shoot regeneration was 1.0 and 0.1 mg/l kinetin, where the regeneration frequency was 100 percent for all three auxins. The highest number of shoots per explant (57.4 and 53.4) was obtained with IAA and IBA, respectively. In the absence of auxin, kinetin levels of 0.1 and 0.25 mg/l induce callus and shoot formation at low frequency but not at lower levels. Callus and shoot formation did not occur in the absence of growth regulators. Petal-derived shoots were successfully rooted on half-strength MS medium without a requirement for exogenous auxin and flowering plants were established under greenhouse conditions. From these results it can be concluded that auxin type is a critical factor for plant regeneration from petal explants of Hypericum perforatum and there is no absolute requirement for high levels of cytokinin.

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Fig. 1

Abbreviations

NAA:

1-Naphthaleneacetic acid

2,4-D:

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

BA:

6-Benzyladenine

MS:

Murashige and Skoog

IBA:

Indole-3-butyric acid

IAA:

Indole-3-acetic acid

TDZ:

Thidiazuron

B5:

Gamborg’s medium

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by NRC-Plant Biotechnology Institute. The authors wish to acknowledge the excellent technical support of Keith Pahl, Prakash Venglat, Carrie Ogden and Holly Kemp during the preparation of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NRC-Plant Biotechnology Institute, 110 Gymnasium Place, Saskatoon, SK, S7NOW9, Canada

    C. Don Palmer & W. A. Keller

  2. Genome Prairie, 101-111 Research Drive, Saskatoon, SK, S7N3R2, Canada

    W. A. Keller

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  1. C. Don Palmer
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  2. W. A. Keller
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Correspondence to C. Don Palmer.

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Palmer, C.D., Keller, W.A. Plant regeneration from petal explants of Hypericum perforatum L. Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult 105, 129–134 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11240-010-9839-9

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