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Bioherbicidal Activity and Metabolic Profiling of Allelopathic Metabolites of Three Cassia species using UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS and Molecular Networking

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Abstract

Introduction: Compared to synthetic herbicides, natural products with allelochemical properties can inhibit weed germination, aiding agricultural output with less phytotoxic residue in water and soil.

Objectives: To identify natural product extracts of three Cassia species; C. javanica, C. roxburghii, and C. fistula and to investigate the possible phytotoxic and allelopathic potential.

Methods: Allelopathic activity of three Cassia species extracts was evaluated. To further investigate the active constituents, untergated metabolomics using UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS and ion-identity molecular networking (IIMN) approach was performed to identify and determine the distribution of metabolites in different Cassia species and plant parts.

Results: We observed in our study that the plant extracts showed consistent allelopathic activity against seed germination (P < 0.05) and the inhibition of shoot and root development of Chenopodium murale in a dose-dependent manner. Our comprehensive study identified at least 127 compounds comprising flavonoids, coumarins, anthraquinones, phenolic acids, lipids, and fatty acid derivatives. We also report the inhibition of seed germination, shoot growth, and root growth when treated with enriched leaf and flower extracts of C. fistula, and C. javanica, and the leaf extract of C. roxburghii.

Conclusion: The present study recommends further evaluation of Cassia extracts as a potential source of allelopathic compounds in agricultural systems.

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Abbreviations

Ag:

Aglycone

ESI:

Electrospray ionization

GNPS:

Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking

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Acknowledgements

This research was accomplished according the the material transefer agreement (MTA-2020/2021) between The University of Michigan (U.S.A.) and Cairo University (Egypt). This research was funded by UM Biological Science Initiative (DHS, AT).

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Author notes

  1. Asmaa M. Otify and Osama G. Mohamed contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt

    Asmaa M. Otify, Osama G. Mohamed, Fatema R. Saber & Inas Y. Younis

  2. Natural Products Discovery Core, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Osama G. Mohamed & Ashootosh Tripathi

  3. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt

    Yasser A. El-Amier

  4. Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

    Ashootosh Tripathi

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Contributions

I.Y.Y. collected the plant material and conceptualized the research; Writing original draft, writing review and editing. A.M.O. Tentatively identified the metabolites based on MS/MS fragmentation, Visualization, writing original draft, writing review and editing. O.G.M. carried out UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS data acquisition, MZmine data pre-processing, GNPS ion-identity molecular networking visualization, writing original draft, writing review and editing. Y.A.E. Methodology, Investigation, Visualization, Writing-original draft, writing-review and editing. All authors constructed the Supporting Information; F.R.S. Methodology, Visualization, Writing original draft, writing review and editing. A.T. supervision, resources, funding acquisition, writing-review and editing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Fatema R. Saber or Ashootosh Tripathi.

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Otify, A.M., Mohamed, O.G., El-Amier, Y.A. et al. Bioherbicidal Activity and Metabolic Profiling of Allelopathic Metabolites of Three Cassia species using UPLC-qTOF-MS/MS and Molecular Networking. Metabolomics 19, 16 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-023-01980-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-023-01980-5

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