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Synergistic effect of Cordia curassavica Jacq. essential oils association against the phytopathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris

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Abstract

The increased use of pesticides applied to treat diseases caused by bacteria has caused serious environmental problems. There are few fungicides/bactericides for the treatment of plant diseases caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc), and only two natural products with general bactericidal/fungicidal use are available on the market. Thus, this study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of essential oils (EOs), and their combinations, from five distinct genotypes of Cordia curassavica (Jacq.) Roem. & Schult (Syn. Varronia curassavica Jacq.) (CCUR) against Xcc. GC/MS chemical analysis revealed α-pinene, sabinene, (E)-caryophyllene, ar-curcumene, β-sesquiphellandrene, 7-cyclodecen-1-one, and ar-Turmerone as the major compounds of the five EOs of CCUR. All EOs showed growth inhibition of Xcc with minimum inhibitory concentration between 500 and 1000 μg mL−1. The associations between two EOs from different CCUR genotypes showed that 70% of the total combinations had an additive effect. However, the combinations between CCUR-002 × (-302, -202) and CCUR-302 × (-601) showed a synergistic effect, with mean fractional inhibitory concentration FIC50 values of 0.28, 0.42, and 0.40, respectively. This study demonstrates that combinations of C. curassavica EOs have antimicrobial activity and a potential to be used in the control of black rot.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr. Elmo Eduardo de Almeida Amaral for the valuable discussion and suggestions in the association experiments and Professor Paulo C. Nogueira for help with the identification of the compounds.

Funding

This study was funded, in part by Brazil’s Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq); Fundação de Apoio à Pesquisa e a Inovação Tecnológica do Estado de Sergipe (Fapitec/SE); Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES; Finance Code 001); and Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP).

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  1. Laboratório de Enzimologia, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil

    Rafael Salomão Da Silva, Mayara Mendes Gonçalves De Oliveira, Kleiton Paulo Silva, Isabela Da Silva Vasconcelos Rodrigues & Roberta Pereira Miranda Fernandes

  2. Laboratório de Recursos Genéticos e Óleos Essenciais, Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, 49100-000, Brazil

    Vanderson Dos Santos Pinto & Arie Fitzgerald Blank

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  1. Rafael Salomão Da Silva
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Highlights

• Essential oils from all five genotypes of C. curassavica showed growth inhibition of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc).

• 70% of the total combinations between the five EOs from CCUR genotypes had an additive effect.

• The combinations between CCUR-002 × (-302, -202) and CCUR -302 × (-601) are efficient; in vitro bacteria inhibited 100% of X. campestris 629 IBSBF growth.

• Synergistic and additive combinations of EOs from C. curassavica might be a strategy for the control of black rot.

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Da Silva, R.S., De Oliveira, M.M.G., Silva, K.P. et al. Synergistic effect of Cordia curassavica Jacq. essential oils association against the phytopathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 4376–4389 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06631-8

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