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Diversity and species boundaries in floricolous downy mildews

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Abstract

Floricolous downy mildews are a monophyletic group of members of the genus Peronospora (Oomycota, Peronosporales). These downy mildews can be found on a variety of families of the Asteridae, including Asteraceae, Campanulaceae, Dipsacaceae, Lamiaceae, and Orobanchaceae. With the exception of Peronospora radii, which can also cause economically relevant losses, sporulation usually takes place only on floral parts of their hosts. However, only very few specimens of these mostly inconspicuous downy mildews have so far been included in molecular phylogenies. Focusing on Lamiaceae, we have investigated multiple specimens of floricolous downy mildews for elucidating species boundaries and host specificity in this group. Based on both mitochondrial and nuclear loci, it became apparent that phylogenetic lineages in the Lamiaceae seem to be host genus specific and significant sequence diversity could be found between lineages. Based on distinctiveness in both phylogenetic reconstructions and morphology, the downy mildew on flowers of Stachys palustris is introduced as a new species, Peronospora jagei sp. nov., which can be morphologically distinguished from Peronospora stigmaticola by broader and shorter conidiospores. The diversity of the floricolous down mildews might be higher than previously assumed, although specimens from a much broader set of samples will be needed to confirm this view.

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Acknowledgments

Svenja Kürten is gratefully acknowledged for technical assistance in performing molecular biology work. Cordial thanks to Sebastian Ploch for GenBank and TreeBase submissions. This study was supported by the research funding programme “LOEWE – Landes-Offensive zur Entwicklung Wissenschaftlich-ökonomischer Exzellenz" of the Ministry of Higher Education, Research, and the Arts of Hesse. Author contributions: M.T. designed the study, V.K. collected downy mildew specimens, V.K. performed measurements, M.T. and V.K. performed the analyses of the morphological data, M.T. edited and analysed the sequence data, M.T. performed the phylogenetic analyses, M.T. and V.K. performed taxonomic investigations, M.T. and V.K. wrote the manuscript. This manuscript is dedicated to Ovidiu Constantinescu (1933-2012) for his important and critical contributions to the taxonomy of the biotrophic oomycetes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Marco Thines

  2. Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Siesmayerstr. 70, 60323, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Marco Thines

  3. Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Marco Thines

  4. Institut für Biochemie und Biologie, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany

    Volker Kummer

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  1. Marco Thines
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Correspondence to Marco Thines.

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Thines, M., Kummer, V. Diversity and species boundaries in floricolous downy mildews. Mycol Progress 12, 321–329 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-012-0837-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-012-0837-7

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