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New ophiostomatoid fungi from wounds on storm-damaged trees in Afromontane forests of the Cape Floristic Region

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Abstract

Ophiostomatoid fungi, a well-known tree-associated group, include some of the most important forest pathogens globally. Several ophiostomatoid species were reported already from Rapanea melanophloeos of the Afromontane forests from the Cape Floristic Region (CFR) of South Africa. The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of ophiostomatoid fungi associated with wounds on other Afromontane forest tree species in the CFR. Storm-damaged trees were surveyed and fungi were isolated from bark and wood samples. Two undescribed ophiostomatoid species were identified based on micro-morphological characters and phylogenetic analyses. They are newly described here as Graphilbum roseum and Sporothrix oleae. A third taxon in the genus Graphium may also represent an undescribed species, but additional data is required to support this hypothesis. Sporothrix oleae, a species that groups within the S. candida species complex, was associated with Olea capensis. Graphilbum roseum was isolated from several host tree species including Curtisia dentata, Halleria lucida and Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus, while the Graphium sp. was isolated from Ilex mitis.

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Acknowledgements

N. Machingambi, P.C. Benade and D. van der Colff assisted with fieldwork. Thanks also to the anonymous reviewers and the section editor who have made considerable contributions to improving our manuscript. The authors thank the South African National Parks Board (SANPARKS) and Western Cape Nature Conservation Board for issuing the necessary collecting permits.

Funding

The authors thank the Department of Science and Innovation (DSI)/National Research Foundation (NRF) Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology (CTHB) for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological and Agricultural Sciences, Sol Plaatje University, Private Bag X5008, Kimberley, 8300, South Africa

    Tendai Musvuugwa

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa

    Z. Wilhelm de Beer, Tuan Duong & Seonju Marincowitz

  3. Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa

    Léanne L. Dreyer

  4. Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa

    Kenneth C. Oberlander

  5. Department of Conservation Ecology and Entomology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa

    Francois Roets

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Supplementary Figure 1.

Bayesian Inference consensus tree based on ITS sequence data for species of Sporothrix. Values above nodes indicate posterior probabilities obtained through Bayesian Inference. Values below nodes indicate bootstrap values (1000 replicates) obtained from Maximum Likelihood analysis. The scale bar is in substitutions per site. (PDF 36 kb)

Supplementary Figure 2.

Bayesian Inference consensus tree based on ITS sequence data for species of Graphium. Values above nodes indicate posterior probabilities obtained through Bayesian Inference. Values below nodes indicate bootstrap values (1000 replicates) obtained from Maximum Likelihood analysis. The scale bar is in substitutions per site. (PDF 39 kb)

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Musvuugwa, T., de Beer, Z.W., Dreyer, L.L. et al. New ophiostomatoid fungi from wounds on storm-damaged trees in Afromontane forests of the Cape Floristic Region. Mycol Progress 19, 81–95 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-019-01545-8

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