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Molecular phylogeny and morphology reveal cryptic species in Blackwellomyces and Cordyceps (Cordycipitaceae) from Thailand

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Abstract

Nine species in Cordyceps sensu lato producing orange to red stromata were discovered during diversity surveys of arthropod-pathogenic fungi in Thailand. The phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, RPB1, RPB2 and TEF1 sequence data indicated four novel species belonging to Blackwellomyces and five novel species of Cordyceps. All Blackwellomyces species produce filiform ascospores with septations. Blackwellomyces aurantiacus and Blackwellomyces roseostromatus occur on lepidopteran larvae, and both species produce an Evlachovaea-like conidial arrangement of the anamorph and produce a red pigment that diffuses across agar medium. Blackwellomyces calendulinus and Blackwellomyces minutus are found on coleopteran larvae producing Acremonium-like and Mariannaea-like conidial arrangements of their anamorphs and do not produce any pigment. Novel members of Cordyceps include the species Cordyceps brevistroma, Cordyceps inthanonensis, Cordyceps neopruinosa, and Cordyceps parvistroma that are pathogenic on lepidopteran larvae and cocoons, whereas C. araneae is pathogenic on spiders. All Cordyceps species produce bola-shaped, whole ascospores, except for C. inthanonensis that produces ascospores dissociating into part-spores. A common feature of the novel Cordyceps species presented herein is the production of Evlachovaea-like or Mariannaea-like conidial arrangement of the anamorphs.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Dr. Baramee Sakolrak and Ms. Panrada Jangsantear for assistance in collecting specimens as well as Mr. Itsarapong Voraphab and Ms. Natnapha Phosrithong for insect host identification. We are indebted to the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation for their cooperation and support of our research project. We are also grateful to Mr. Samret Phusaensri, Head of Phu Wiang National Park, and Mr. Sangaon Veeraping, the village headman of Ban Phaothai community forest, Phitsanulok province. We would like to thank Dr. Philip James Shaw for thoughtful editing of the manuscript and the two anonymous reviewers and editors whose suggestions and comments helped improve the manuscript.

Funding

This research was supported by the Platform Technology Management Section, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Grant No. P19-50231 and the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), 113 Thailand Science Park, Phahonyothin Road, Khlong Nueng, Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand

    Suchada Mongkolsamrit, Wasana Noisripoom, Kanoksri Tasanathai, Artit Khonsanit, Donnaya Thanakitpipattana, Noppol Kobmoo & Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard

  2. Forest Entomology and Microbiology Research Group, Forest and Plant Conservation Research Office, 61 Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Phaholyothin Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand

    Winanda Himaman

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Contributions

The specimens in this study were collected by W. Himaman, S. Mongkolsamrit, W. Noisripoom, K. Tasanathai, A. Khonsanit and D. Thanakitpipattana. Morphological data were collected by S. Mongkolsamrit, K. Tasanathai, W. Noisripoom and A. Khonsanit. Molecular data and phylogenetic analyses were performed by W Noisripoom and D. Thanakitpipattana. S. Mongkolsamrit and N. Kobmoo wrote the original draft and review and editing were done by J.J. Luangsa-ard.

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Correspondence to Janet Jennifer Luangsa-ard.

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Mongkolsamrit, S., Noisripoom, W., Tasanathai, K. et al. Molecular phylogeny and morphology reveal cryptic species in Blackwellomyces and Cordyceps (Cordycipitaceae) from Thailand. Mycol Progress 19, 957–983 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-020-01615-2

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