Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Schroeteria decaisneana, S. poeltii, and Ciboria ploettneriana (Sclerotiniaceae, Helotiales, Ascomycota), three parasites on Veronica seeds: first report of teleomorphs in Schroeteria

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Mycological Progress Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Ciboria ploettneriana, Schroeteria decaisneana, and S. poeltii produce morphologically very similar apothecia emerging from fallen stromatized seeds of Veronica spp., the former two on V. hederifolia agg. in temperate central Europe and S. poeltii on V. cymbalaria in mediterranean southern Europe. They are described and illustrated in detail based on fresh collections or moist chamber cultures of infected seeds. A key is provided to differentiate the three species from their teleomorphs. For the first time, connections between two teleomorphs and two Schroeteria anamorphs are reported. Members of the anamorph-typified genus Schroeteria are known as host-specific plant parasites that infect seeds of different Veronica spp. In earlier times, they were classified in the Ustilaginales (Basidiomycota), but since more than 30 years, they are referred to as false smut fungi producing smut-like chlamydospores, based on light microscopic and ultrastructural studies which referred them to the Sclerotiniaceae (Helotiales). During the present study, rDNA sequences were obtained for the first time from chlamydospores of Schroeteria bornmuelleri (on V. rubrifolia), S. decaisneana (on V. hederifolia), S. delastrina (generic type, on V. arvensis), and S. poeltii (on V. cymbalaria) and from apothecia of C. ploettneriana, S. decaisneana, and S. poeltii. As a result, the anamorph-teleomorph connection could be established for S. decaisneana and S. poeltii by a 100% ITS similarity, whereas C. ploettneriana could not be connected to a smut-like anamorph. Ciboria ploettneriana in the here-redefined sense clustered in our combined phylogenetic analyses of ITS and LSU in relationship of Sclerotinia s.l., Botrytis, and Myriosclerotinia rather than Ciboria, but its placement was not supported. Its affiliation in Ciboria was retained until a better solution is found. Also Schroeteria poeltii clustered unresolved in this relationship but with a much higher molecular distance. The remaining three Schroeteria spp. formed a strongly supported monophyletic group, here referred to as “Schroeteria core clade”, which clustered with medium to high support as a sister clade of Monilinia jezoensis, a member of the Monilinia alpina group of section Disjunctoriae. We observed ITS distances of 5–6.3% among members of the Schroeteria core clade, but 13.8–14.7% between this clade and S. poeltii, which appears to be correlated with the deviating chlamydospore morphology of S. poeltii. Despite its apparent paraphyly, Schroeteria is accepted here in a wide sense as a genus distinct from Monilinia, particularly because of its very special anamorphs. A comparable heterogeneity in rDNA analyses was observed in Monilinia and other genera of Sclerotiniaceae. Such apparent heterogeneity should be met with skepticism, however, because the inclusion of protein-coding genes in phylogenetic analyses resulted in a monophyletic genus Monilinia. More sclerotiniaceous taxa should be analysed for protein-coding genes in the future, including Schroeteria. Four syntype specimens of Ciboria ploettneriana in B were reexamined in the present study, revealing a mixture of the two species growing on V. hederifolia agg. Based on its larger ascospores in comparison with S. decaisneana, a lectotype is proposed for C. ploettneriana.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Plate 1
Plate 2
Plate 3
Plate 4
Plate 5
Plate 6
Plate 7
Plate 8
Plate 9
Plate 10
Plate 11
Plate 12
Plate 13
Plate 14
Plate 15
Plate 16
Plate 17
Plate 18
Plate 19
Plate 20
Plate 21

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

The sequences generated in this study are available in the NCBI GenBank (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/) under the accession numbers given in Table 1.

References

  • Albach DC, Martínez-Ortega MM, Fischer MA, Chase MW (2004a) Evolution of Veroniceae: a phylogenetic perspective. Ann Missouri Bot Gard 91:275–302

    Google Scholar 

  • Albach DC, Martínez-Ortega MM, Fischer MA, Chase MW (2004b) A new classification of the tribe Veroniceae—problems and a possible solution. Taxon 53:429–452

    Google Scholar 

  • Andrew M, Barua R, Short SM, Kohn LM (2012) Evidence for a common toolbox based on necrotrophy in a fungal lineage spanning necrotrophs, biotrophs, endophytes, host generalists and specialists. PLoS ONE 7(1):e29943. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029943

  • Baral HO (1986) Beilage zum Beiheft 6, Z Mykol [typoskript]. http://www.in-vivo-veritas.de/

  • Baral HO (1987) Der Apikalapparat der Helotiales. Eine lichtmikroskopische Studie über Arten mit Amyloidring. Z Mykol 53:119–136. https://www.dgfm-ev.de/publikationen/artikelarchiv/der-apikalapparat-der-helotiales-eine-lichtmikroskopische-studie-ueber-arten-mit-amyloidring

  • Baral HO (1992) Vital versus herbarium taxonomy: morphological differences between living and dead cells of ascomycetes, and their taxonomic implications. Mycotaxon 44:333–390

    Google Scholar 

  • Baral HO (2016) Inoperculate discomycetes. In: Jaklitsch W, Baral HO, Lücking R, Lumbsch HT, Frey W (eds) Syllabus of plant families: A. Engler’s Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien, part 1/2. Borntraeger, Stuttgart, pp 157–205

  • Baral HO (2019) (‘2017’) Pseudolanzia piceetorum gen. et sp. nov. (Rutstroemiaceae, Helotiales) from fallen Picea abies needles in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Germany). Mycol Monten 20:151–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Baral HO, Bemmann M (2014) Hymenoscyphus fraxineus vs. Hymenoscyphus albidus – a comparative light microscopic study on the causal agent of European ash dieback and related foliicolous, stroma-forming species. Mycology 5(4):228–290 – https://doi.org/10.1080/21501203.2014.963720

  • Baral HO, Haelewaters D (2015) Rommelaarsia flavovirens gen. et sp. nov. (Helotiales), a new discomycete on Equisetum with a peculiar asexual state. Ascomycete.org 7:321–330

  • Baral HO, Krieglsteiner GJ (1985) Bausteine zu einer Ascomyzeten-Flora der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. In Süddeutschland gefundene inoperculate Diskomyzeten. Z Mykol Beih 6:1–160

    Google Scholar 

  • Batra LR (1988) Disjunctors in Monilinia (Discomycetidae: Sclerotiniaceae) and their significance in classification. Mycologia 80(5):660–664

    Google Scholar 

  • Batra LR (1991) World species of Monilinia (Fungi): their ecology, biosystematics and control. Mycol Memoirs 16:1–246

    Google Scholar 

  • Bauer R, Begerow D, Oberwinkler F, Piepenbring M, Berbee ML (2001) Ustilaginomycetes. In: McLaughlin DJ et al (eds) The Mycota 7B. Systematics and evolution. Springer, Berlin, pp 57–83

  • Benkert D (2005) Die Pilze des Späth-Arboretums in Berlin-Baumschulenweg (zweite, korrigierte und ergänzte Version). Verh Bot Ver Berl Brandenbg 138:47–82

  • Bischoff JF, Sullivan RF, Kjer KM, White JF Jr (2004) Phylogenetic placement of the anamorphic tribe Ustilaginoideae (Hypocreales, Ascomycota). Mycologia 96(5):1088–1094

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bontea V (1985) Ciuperci parazite si saprofite din România, vol I. Editura Academiei Republicii socialiste România, Bucuresti

    Google Scholar 

  • Boudier É (1885) Nouvelle classification naturelle des discomycètes charnus. Bull Soc Mycol France 1:91–120

    Google Scholar 

  • Boudier É (1887) Champignons nouveaux rares ou peu connus de France. Bull Soc Mycol Fr 3(2):145–155, pls 13–16

  • Brefeld O (1883) Botanische Untersuchungen über Hefenpilze V. Brandpilze I (Ustilagineen). Arthur Felix, Leipzig

  • Brefeld O (1895) Untersuchungen aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Mykologie XII: Hemibasidii, Brandpilze III. Heinrich Schöningh, Münster

  • Brefeld O (1896) Der Reis-Brand und der Setaria-Brand, die Entwicklungsglieder neuer Mutterkornpilze. Bot Centralbl LXV(4):97–108

  • Brefeld O (1908) Untersuchungen aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Mykologie XIV: Die Kultur der Pilze. Heinrich Schöningh, Münster

  • Brefeld O (1912) Untersuchungen aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Mykologie XV: Die Brandpilze und die Brandkrankheiten V. Heinrich Schöningh, Münster

  • Bresinsky A (1963) Bau, Entwicklungsgeschichte und Inhaltsstoffe der Elaiosomen. Studien zur myrmekochoren Verbreitung von Samen und Früchten (Bibliotheca Botanica 126). Schweizerbart, Stuttgart

  • Bubák F (1916) Die Pilze Böhmens. II. Theil Brandpilze (Hemibasidii). Řivnáč, Prag

  • Buchwald NF (1947) Sclerotiniaceae Daniae I. Taxonomy of the Sclerotiniaceae. Friesia 3(4):235–330

    Google Scholar 

  • Buchwald NF (1949) Studies in the Sclerotiniaceae. I. Taxonomy of the Sclerotiniaceae. K Vet Landbohøjsk Aarsskr 43:75–191

    Google Scholar 

  • Cho SE, Park JH, Hong SH, Shin HD (2013) First report of zonate leaf spot caused by Hinomyces moricola on Japanese hop in Korea. Plant Dis 97(8):1117

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cho SE, Park JH, Choi YJ, Lee SH, Lee CK, Shin HD (2017) Occurrence of leaf spot caused by Cristulariella depraedans on Acer ginnala. For Pathol 47(1):e12302

  • Ciferri R (1931) Quinta contribuzione allo studio degli Ustilaginales. Ann Mycol 29(1–2):1–74

    Google Scholar 

  • Ciferri R (1938) Ustilaginales. Tilletiaceae, Graphiolaceae, Ustilaginaceae (Flora Italica Cryptogama I: Fungi, fasc. 17). Cappelli, Rocca S. Casciano

  • Cocconi G (1898) Osservazioni e ricerche sopra una nuova forma di Schroeteria Winth. Rend Accad Sci Ist Bologna NS II:210–221

    Google Scholar 

  • Derbyshire M, Denton-Giles M, Hegedus D, Seifbarghy S, Rollins J, van Kan J, Seidl MF, Faino L, Mbengue M, Navaud O, Raffaele S, Hammond-Kosack K, Heard S, Oliver R (2017) The complete genome sequence of the phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum reveals insights into the genome architecture of broad host range pathogens. Genome Biol Evol 9(3):593–618. https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evx030

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • De Toni JB (1888) Sylloge Ustilaginearum et Uredinearum omnium hucusque cognitarum. In: Saccardo PA (ed) Sylloge fungorum 7 (2), Patavii, pp 449–882+XXXI–LIX

  • Diedicke H, Sydow H (1908) Über Paepalopsis deformans Syd. Ann Mycol 6(4):301–305

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferdinandsen CCF, Winge Ø (1914) Studies in the genus Entorrhiza C. Weber Dan Bot Ark 2(1):1–14

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer de Waldheim A (1877) Aperçu systématique des Ustilaginées. Leurs plantes nourricières et la localisation de leurs spores. Lahure, Paris

  • Fischer E (1914) Pilze (incl. Flechten). Ber Schweiz Bot Ges 23:32–48

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer MA (1974) Veronica hederifolia agg. in Mitteleuropa. Gött Florist Rundbr 8:95–98

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer MA (1985) (‘1984’) Zur Chorologie und Systematik der Veronica hederifolia – Gruppe in Jugoslawien. Akad Nauk Umjetn Bosne Herceg Radovi 76. Odj Prir Mat N 23:55–77

    Google Scholar 

  • Galán R, Checa J, Blanco MN, Platas G, Tena R, Tello S, Hermosilla CE, Jaklitsch WM, Voglmayr H (2015) Taxonomic position of the genus Bicornispora and the appearance of a new species Bicornispora seditiosa. Mycologia 107(4):793–807. https://doi.org/10.3852/14-245

  • Gaponenko NI (1965) Obzor gribov Bucharskoj oblasti (Overview of the mushrooms in the Bukhara region). Izd. “Fan”, Taškent, 114 pp

  • Gardes M, Bruns TD (1993) ITS primers with enhanced specificity for basidiomycetes - application to the identification of mycorrhizae and rusts. Mol Ecol 2:113–118

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Han JG, Hosoya T, Sung GH, Shin HD (2014) Phylogenetic reassessment of Hyaloscyphaceae sensu lato (Helotiales, Leotiomycetes) based on multigene analyses. Fungal Biol 118(2):150–167

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Harada Y, Nakao S, Sasaki M, Sasaki Y, Ichihashi Y, Sano T (2004) Monilia mumecola, a new brown rot fungus on Prunus mume in Japan. J Gen Plant Pathol 70:297–307

    Google Scholar 

  • Hassan NM, Khalik KNA (2014) Systematic significance of seed morphology in the genus Veronica (Plantaginaceae), with special reference to the Egyptian taxa. J Syst Evol 52(2):215–230

    Google Scholar 

  • Hein B, Gerhardt E (1981) Die nomenklatorischen Typen zu Kirschsteins Namen von Gattungen, Arten und subspezifischen Taxa im Pilzherbar des Botanischen Museums Berlin-Dahlem. Willdenowia 11:123–163

    Google Scholar 

  • Holst-Jensen A, Kohn LM, Jakobsen KS, Schumacher T (1997a) Molecular phylogeny and evolution of Monilinia (Sclerotiniaceae) based on coding and noncoding rDNA sequences. Am J Bot 84(5):686–701

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Holst-Jensen A, Kohn LM, Schumacher T (1997b) Nuclear rDNA phylogeny of the Sclerotiniaceae. Mycologia 89:885–899

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Holst-Jensen A, Vage M, Schumacher T (1998) An approximation to the phylogeny of Sclerotinia and related genera. Nordic J Bot 18:705–719

    Google Scholar 

  • Holst-Jensen A, Vrålstad T, Schumacher T (2004) Kohninia linnaeicola, a new species of the Sclerotiniaceae pathogenic to Linnaea borealis. Mycologia 96:135–142

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Honey, EE (1936) North American species of Monilinia. I. Occurrence, grouping and life-histories. Am J Bot 23(2):100–106

  • Hong D, Fischer MA (1998) 38. Veronica Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 9. 1753. In: Wu ZY, Raven PH (eds) Flora of China, vol 18 (Scrophulariaceae through Gesneriaceae). Science Press/Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing/St. Louis. http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/china/mss/volume18/SCROPHULARIACEAE.published.pdf. Accessed 19 Feb. 2021

  • Hu JH, Cai YX, Zhou SJ, Zhang JC, Zhang HL, Chen YB, Li PM,Ying GM (2011) Diversity of mulberry sclerotiniose pathogen and ITS analysis. J Ningbo Univ 24:20–23

  • Huth W (2009) Ciboria Fuckel. In: Täglich U (ed) Pilzflora von Sachsen-Anhalt (Ascomyceten, Basidiomyceten, Aquatische Hyphomyceten). Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie, Halle (Saale), pp 101–103

  • Jäger EJ (ed) (2017) Rothmaler—Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Gefäßpflanzen: Grundband, 21st edn. Spektrum Verlag, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Jahn R, Schönfelder P (1995) Exkursionsflora für Kreta. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston PR, Park D, Baral HO, Galán R, Platas G, Tena R (2014a) The phylogenetic relationships of Torrendiella and Hymenotorrendiella gen. nov. within the Leotiomycetes. Phytotaxa 177(1):1–25. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.177.1.1

  • Johnston PR, Seifert KA, Stone JK, Rossman AY, Marvanová L (2014b) Recommendations on generic names competing for use in Leotiomycetes (Ascomycota). IMA Fungus 5(1):91–120 – https://doi.org/10.5598/imafungus.2014.05.01.11

  • Johnston PR, Quijada L, Smith CA, Baral HO, Hosoya T, Baschien C, Pärtel K, Zhuang WY, Haelewaters D, Park D, Carl S, López-Giráldez F, Wang Z, Townsend JP (2019) A multigene phylogeny toward a new phylogenetic classification of Leotiomycetes. IMA Fungus 10:1–22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43008-019-0002-x

  • Juan R, Pastor J, Fernandez I (1994) Seed morphology in Veronica L. (Scrophulariaceae) from south-west Spain. Bot J Linn Soc 115:133–143

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirschstein W (1906) Neue märkische Ascomyceten. Verh Bot Ver Prov Brandenbg 48:39–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Kochman J, Majewski T (1973) Głowniowe (Ustilaginales) – Podstawczaki (Basidiomycetes). In Kochman J, Skirgiello A (eds) Flora Polska. Rośliny zarodnikowe Polski i ziem ościennych. Grzyby. 5. Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa–Kraków

  • Kohn LM (1979) A monographic revision of the genus Sclerotinia. Mycotaxon 9(2):365–444

    Google Scholar 

  • Kowalski T, Boroń P, Bartnik C, Rossa R (2018) Morphological and molecular characterization of Leptomelanconium allescheri associated with necrotic lesions on Pinus mugo needles in the Polish Tatra Mountains. For Pathol 48:e12420 – https://doi.org/10.1111/efp.12420

  • Kreisel H (2011) Pilze von Mecklenburg-Vorpommern – Arteninventar, Habitatbindung, Dynamik. Weissdorn-Verlag, Jena

  • Kummer V (2010) Ein kurzer Abriss zur Geschichte der floristischen Kryptogamenforschung in Berlin und Brandenburg bis zur Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts Verh Bot Ver Berl Brandenbg 143:53–78

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindau G (1912) Hemibasidii (Ustilagineae). Kryptogamenflora der Mark Brandenburg Va. Pilze III. Borntraeger, Leipzig, pp 1–68

    Google Scholar 

  • Liro JI (1938) Die Ustilagineen Finnlands II. Ann Acad Sci Fenn, Ser A 42:I–X+1–720

  • Magnus PW (1875) Mykologische Mittheilungen Hedwigia 14(2):17–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Marcet-Houben M, Villarino M, Vilanova L, De Cal A, van Kan JAL, Usall J, Gabaldón T, Torres R (2021) Comparative genomics used to predict virulence factors and metabolic genes among Monilinia species. J Fungi 7:464. https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/7/6/464

  • Masuya H, Kusunoki M, Kosaka H, Aikawa T (2009) Haradamyces foliicola anam. gen. et sp. nov., a cause of zonate leaf blight disease in Cornus florida in Japan. Mycol Res 113:173–181

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Muñoz-Centeno LM, Albach DC, Sánchez-Agudo JA, Montserrat Martínez-Ortega M (2006) Systematic significance of seed morphology in Veronica (Plantaginaceae): A phylogenetic perspective. Ann Bot 98:335–350

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Nagler A, Bauer R, Berbee M, Vánky K, Oberwinkler F (1989) Light and electron microscopic studies of Schroeteria delastrina and S. poeltii. Mycologia 81(6):884–895

  • Navaud O, Barbacci A, Taylor A, Clarkson JP, Raffaele S (2017) Shifts in diversification rates and host jump frequencies shaped the diversity of host range among Sclerotiniaceae fungal plant pathogens. Mol Ecol 27:1309–1323

    Google Scholar 

  • Pärtel K, Baral HO, Tamm H, Põldmaa K (2016) Evidence for the polyphyly of Encoelia and Encoelioideae with reconsideration of respective families in Leotiomycetes. Fungal Divers 82:183–219

    Google Scholar 

  • Palmer JT (1991) Sclerotiniaceous cup fungi on oak galls. Cecidol 5(2):31–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Park JH, Cho SE, Lee SH, Shin HD (2013) First report of frosty mildew on Salix koreensis caused by Mycopappus alni in Korea. J Phytopath 161:866–869

    Google Scholar 

  • Parolly G, Rohwer JG (eds) (2019) Schmeil-Fitschen. Die Flora von Deutschland und angrenzender Länder, 97th edn. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim

  • Rabenhorst L (1870a) Fungi europaei exsiccati, Klotzschii Herbarium Vivum Mycologicum Continuato. Editio Nova, Series Secunda, Cent. 14

  • Rabenhorst L (1870b) Fungi europaei exsiccati Cent. 14. Hedwigia 9(9):136–138

  • Rabenhorst L (1871) Repertorium. Dr. J. Schröter, die Brand- und Rostpilze Schlesiens. Hedwigia 10(1):8–12

  • Rehm H (1905) Ascomycetes exs. Fasc. 35. Ann Mycol 3:409–417

    Google Scholar 

  • Săvulescu T (1957) Ustilaginalele din Republica Populară Romînă. 2 vols. Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne, Bucureşti

  • Schellenberg HC (1911) Die Brandpilze der Schweiz (Beiträge zur Kryptogamenflora der Schweiz III, H. 2). Wyss, Bern

  • Schickmann S, Kräutler K, Kohl G, Nopp-Mayr U, Krisai-Greilhuber I, Hackländer K, Urban A (2011) Comparison of extraction methods applicable to fungal spores in faecal samples from small mammals. Sydowia 63:237–247

    Google Scholar 

  • Scholz H, Scholz I (1988) Die Brandpilze Deutschlands (Ustilaginales). Englera 8:1–691

    Google Scholar 

  • Schröter J (1872) “1869”) Die Brand- und Rostpilze Schlesiens. Abh Schles Ges vaterl Cult, II. Abt, Nat Med 1869–1872:1–31

    Google Scholar 

  • Schröter J (1877) Bemerkungen und Beobachtungen über einige Ustilagineen. In: Cohn F (ed.) Beiträge zur Biologie der Pflanzen 2(3). Kern’s Verlag, Breslau, pp 349–383, pl 12

  • Schumacher T, Kohn LM (1985) A monographic revision of the genus Myriosclerotinia. Can J Bot 63:1610–1640

    Google Scholar 

  • Schumacher T, Holst-Jensen A (1998) The genus Franquinia Holst-Jensen & T. Schumach. ined. – https://web.archive.org/web/20080312082734/http://biologi.uio.no/bot/ascomycetes/Taxa/Franquinia.html. Accessed 25 July 2020

  • Seifert K, Morgan-Jones G, Gams W, Kendrick B (2011) The genera of hyphomycetes (CBS Biodiversity Series 9). Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht

    Google Scholar 

  • Spooner BM (1987) Helotiales of Australasia: Geoglossaceae, Orbiliaceae, Sclerotiniaceae, Hyaloscyphaceae (Bibl Mycol 116). Cramer, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  • Takahashi Y, Ichihashi Y, Sano T (2005) Monilinia jezoensis sp. nov. in the Sclerotiniaceae, causing leaf blight and mummy fruit disease of Rhododendron kaempferi in Hokkaido, northern Japan. Mycoscience 46:106–109. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10267-004-0219-3

  • Tanaka E, Ashizawa T, Sonoda R, Tanaka C (2008) Villosiclava virens gen. nov., comb. nov., teleomorph of Ustilaginoidea virens, the causal agent of rice false smut. Mycotaxon 106:491–501

    Google Scholar 

  • Tanaka E, Shrestha B, Shivas RG (2020) Commelinaceomyces, gen. nov., for four clavicipitaceous species misplaced in Ustilago that infect Commelinaceae. Mycologia 112(3):649–660. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2020.1745524

  • Terrier C (1958) Veronica campylopoda Bois., hôte nouveau de Schroeteria decaisneana (Boud.) De Toni. Bull Soc Bot Suisse 68:50–53

    Google Scholar 

  • The Plant List (2020) A working list of all plant species—http://www.theplantlist.org. Accessed 28 Apr 2020

  • Thirumalachar MJ, Whitehead MD (1968) Notes on the smut genera Entorrhiza and Schroeteria. Am J Bot 55(2):183–186

    Google Scholar 

  • Tulasne LR (1849) Études d’embryogénie végétale. Ann Sci Nat Bot 3. ser. 12:26–137

  • Tulasne LR, Tulasne C (1847) Mémoire sur les Ustilaginées comparées aux Urédinées. Ann Sci Nat, Bot 7:12–126

    Google Scholar 

  • Vánky K (1982) (‘1981’) The genus Schroeteria Winter (Ustilaginales). Sydowia 34:157–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Vánky K (1983) Ten new species of Ustinaginales. Mycotaxon 18(2):319–336

    Google Scholar 

  • Vánky K (1985) Carpathian Ustilaginales. Symb Bot Upsal 24(2):1–309

    Google Scholar 

  • Vánky K (1994) European smut fungi. G. Fischer, Stuttgart

    Google Scholar 

  • Vánky K (2008a) Restilago capensis gen. et sp. nov., an ascomycetous smut fungus. Mycol Balc 5:69–72

    Google Scholar 

  • Vánky K (2008b) Smut fungi (Basidiomycota p.p., Ascomycota p.p.) of the world. Novelties, selected examples, trends. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung 55(2):91–109. https://doi.org/10.1556/AMicr.55.2008.2.2

  • Vánky K (2012) Smut fungi of the world. APS Press, St. Paul

    Google Scholar 

  • Verkley GJM (1993) Ultrastructure of the ascus apical apparatus in ten species of Sclerotiniaceae. Mycol Res 97(2):179–194

    Google Scholar 

  • Vilgalys R (1988) Genetic relatedness among anastomosis groups in Rhizoctonia as measured by DNA/DNA hybridization. Phytopathology 78:698–702

    Google Scholar 

  • Vilgalys R, Hester M (1990) Rapid genetic identification and mapping of enzymatically amplified ribosomal DNA from several Cryptococcus species. J Bacteriol 172(8):4238–4246

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Vu D, Groenewald M, de Vries M, Gehrmann T, Stielow B, Eberhardt U, Al-Hatmi A, Groenewald JZ, Cardinali G, Houbraken J, Boekhout T, Crous PW, Robert V, Verkley GJM (2019) Large-scale generation and analysis of filamentous fungal DNA barcodes boosts coverage for kingdom fungi and reveals thresholds for fungal species and higher taxon delimitation. Stud Mycol 92:135–154

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner G (1895) Mycologische Ausflüge im Gebiete des großen Winterberges in der Sächs. Schweiz Hedwigia 34(4):210–213

  • Whetzel HH (1945) A synopsis of the genera and species of the Sclerotiniaceae, a family of stromatic inoperculate discomycetes. Mycologia 37:648–714

    Google Scholar 

  • White TJ, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor J et al (1990) Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. In: Innis MA, Gelfand DH, Sninsky JJ, White TJ (eds) PCR protocols. A guide to methods and applications. Academic Press, San Diego, pp 315–322. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-372180-8.50042-1

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Winter G (1876) Einige Notizen über die Familie der Ustilagineen. Flora 59(10):145–152, (11):161–172, pls 4–7

  • Winter G (1881) [1884] Die Pilze Deutschlands, Oesterreichs und der Schweiz. I. Abteilung: Schizomyceten, Saccharomyceten und Basidiomyceten (Dr. L. Rabenhorst’s Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz, 2nd edn, 1.1 Pilze). Kummer, Leipzig

  • Wiseman MS, Dugan FM, Kim YK, Xiao CL (2015) A postharvest fruit rot of apple caused by Lambertella corni-maris in Washington State. Plant Dis 99(2):201–206

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zogg H (1985) Die Brandpilze Mitteleuropas unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Schweiz. Cryptogam Helv 16:5–277

    Google Scholar 

  • Zundel GL (1953) The Ustilaginales of the world. Contr Dept Bot Pennsylvania State College 176:1–410

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

We want to thank Gunnar Hensel (Merseburg), Lothar Krieglsteiner (Schwäbisch Gmünd-Bettringen), Matthias Reul (Marktredwitz), and Torsten Richter (Rehna) for collecting apothecia and/or sending us their documentations, and Manfred Huth (Freyburg/U.) for culturing infected seeds. Konstanze Bensch (München) and Uwe Braun (Halle) is thanked for supplying a photo of Schröter’s herbarium label of Geminella delastrina and François Valade (Saint-Michel-sur-Orge) for a calibrated copy of Boudier’s illustration of G. delastrina and G. decaisneana. We thank Robert Lücking for sending Kirschstein’s specimens from B, and Jason Grant (Neuchâtel) for Terrier’s specimen from NEU. Thomas Laessøe (Kopenhagen) is thanked for supplying the paper of Buchwald. We are grateful to the members of the Mandragora de Ronda naturalist group for their help in collecting and obtaining data for the Schroeteria poeltii teleomorph and for identification of the associated plants and geology. Finally, Sebastian Ploch (Frankfurt/M.) is thanked for generating the sequences and D. Haelewaters (Cambridge/USA) for calculating a ML analysis with IQ-tree for comparison.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Blaihofstr. 42, 72074, Tübingen, Germany

    Hans-Otto Baral

  2. Hauptstraße 16, 06268, Steigra, Albersroda, Germany

    Peter Rönsch

  3. Traubenweg 8, 06632, Freyburg (Unstrut), Germany

    Udo Richter

  4. Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, 1030, Vienna, Austria

    Alexander Urban

  5. Pfalzmuseum für Naturkunde - POLLICHIA-Museum, Kaiserslauterner Straße 111, 67098, Bad Dürkheim, Germany

    Julia Kruse

  6. Kleingemünder Str. 111, 69118, Heidelberg, Germany

    Martin Bemmann

  7. Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Maulbeerallee 1, 14469, Potsdam, Germany

    Volker Kummer

  8. C/Naranja, N.6, 29400, Ronda, Spain

    Francisco Javier Valencia

  9. Taborer Straße 19, 06618, Naumburg, Germany

    Wolfgang Huth

Authors
  1. Hans-Otto Baral
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Peter Rönsch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Udo Richter
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Alexander Urban
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Julia Kruse
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Martin Bemmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Volker Kummer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Francisco Javier Valencia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Wolfgang Huth
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

H.O. Baral made the main morphological evaluation and worked on the taxonomical conclusions, wrote text and tables, arranged most of the plates, and made the molecular analyses and illustration. P. Rönsch and U. Richter wrote a German draft about their observations on the teleomorph of Ciboria ploettneriana and Schroeteria decaisneana. H.O. Baral, P. Rönsch, and G. Hensel documented some of these collections by drawings and/or photographs. W. Huth studied and identified cultured apothecia and supplied data about the ecology of the two species. A. Urban obtained sequences from the teleomorphs of these species and some other Sclerotiniaceae, and J. Kruse from four different anamorphs of Schroeteria spp. and the teleomorph of S. poeltii. F.J. Valencia documented the teleomorph of S. poeltii and arranged the plate. Martin Bemmann contributed variously regarding literature reports and particularly with his hypothesis of an anamorph-teleomorph connection in Schroeteria decaisneana. V. Kummer reexamined and documented original material of Kirschstein’s collections in B and Terrier’s specimen on Veronica campylopoda in NEU.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hans-Otto Baral.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest:

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Section Editor: Roland Kirschner

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Baral, HO., Rönsch, P., Richter, U. et al. Schroeteria decaisneana, S. poeltii, and Ciboria ploettneriana (Sclerotiniaceae, Helotiales, Ascomycota), three parasites on Veronica seeds: first report of teleomorphs in Schroeteria. Mycol Progress 21, 359–407 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-021-01742-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-021-01742-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation