Abstract
Myxomycetes, or plasmodial slime molds, are a monophyletic group of amoeboid protists whose classification is based mainly on morphological features of fruiting bodies. Although published phylogenies based on one or two genetic markers have clarified the boundaries of the main order-level systematic groups, the position and composition of some families and genera of myxomycetes are still a topic for discussion. In this study, we reconstructed the phylogeny of the family Didymiaceae based on three independent genetic markers: the 18S rDNA gene, the translation elongation factor 1-alpha, and the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference phylogenetic analyses produced congruent topologies and showed that of the five major genera of the family, only species of the genus Diachea form a monophyletic clade, while the other four genera are clearly para- or polyphyletic. Species of the genus Didymium form a monophyletic clade with the only species of the genus Mucilago. The polymorphic species Lepidoderma tigrinum is clearly placed among 13 species of Diderma, including the type species of the genus. All other studied species of Lepidoderma form a separate clade together with Diderma fallax. We thus extend the latest nomenclatural revisions by disbanding the genera Mucilago and Lepidoderma, whereby the single species of Mucilago is transferred to the genus Didymium and L. tigrinum to Diderma. Extended taxon sampling allows the transfer of more nivicolous species of the former genus Lepidoderma to Polyschismium.
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Data availability
The DNA sequences generated during the current study are available in NCBI Genbank. The list of material used in the phylogenetic reconstruction, the concatenated alignment, partition file, and phylogenetic tree in the Newick format have been submitted as supplementary material and can also be found in FigShare (https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.21342834).
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Acknowledgements
We acknowledge the use of equipment of the Core Facility Center “Cell and Molecular Technologies in Plant Science” at the Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (BIN RAS, St. Petersburg) and send personal thanks to Lyudmila Kartzeva and Elena Krapivskaya (lead engineers of the Core Facility Center). The authors are grateful to Marianne Meyer, Marja Pennanen and the staff of the Botanic Garden Meise (BR) for providing specimens and to Dr. F. J. Rejos, curator of the University of Alcalá Herbarium (AH), for his assistance with some specimens examined in the current study.
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The molecular lab work of Ilya S. Prikhodko, Oleg. N. Shchepin, Nadezhda A. Bortnikova and Yuri K. Novozhilov was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 22-24-00747).
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Ilya S. Prikhodko, Yuri K. Novozhilov, and Oleg N. Shchepin contributed to the study conception and design. All authors participated in the collection of herbarium specimens for morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses. Light and scanning electron microscopy was performed by Yuri K. Novozhilov, Vladimir I. Gmoshinskiy, Gabriel Moreno, and Ángela López-Villalba. Ilya S. Prikhodko, Oleg N. Shchepin, and Nadezhda A. Bortnikova were responsible for DNA extraction, PCR analysis, and sequencing. Ilya S. Prikhodko and Oleg N. Shchepin performed phylogenetic analyses. Ilya S. Prikhodko and Vladimir I. Gmoshinskiy prepared illustrations on the phylogeny and morphology of the studied material, respectively. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Ilya S. Prikhodko, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Prikhodko, I.S., Shchepin, O.N., Bortnikova, N.A. et al. A three-gene phylogeny supports taxonomic rearrangements in the family Didymiaceae (Myxomycetes). Mycol Progress 22, 11 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-022-01858-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-022-01858-1