Abstract
Daphne (Thymelaeaceae) is a small group of shrubby plants mainly distributed in subtropical and temperate regions of the world with a few species also occurring in alpine habitats. Of ca. 95 species in the world, six species and one variety are reported from India. Phylogenetic relationships of the Indian Daphne were investigated based on nuclear (ITS) and plastid (rbcL and trnL-F) regions. A total of 21 sequences representing five taxa of the six species reported from India were newly generated for the present study. The phylogenies using ML and Bayesian analyses obtained from individual and combined datasets were congruent and strongly supported the monophyly of the genus Daphne. Combined analyses revealed two major well-supported clades. The systematic relationship of the narrow endemic species, D. thanguensis was also confirmed as sister to the morphologically similar D. tangutica. The study supports the independent species status of D. retusa and D. tangutica. Ancestral state reconstructions were done using two major features, viz. presence or absence of indumentum on calyx and colour of the calyx occurrence of species. A taxonomic key has also been provided for the Indian taxa. This is the first comprehensive molecular study on the Indian Daphne.
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Acknowledgements
We are thankful to the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Govt. of India for financial support [NMHS/2015-16/LG-05; 22018/13/2015-RE(Tax)&GBPNI/ NMHS 2017 2018/LG 03/570 /26/02/2018]. The Department of Forests, Environment and Wildlife Management, Govt. of Sikkim and Superintendent of Police, Gangtokare warmly thanked for permitting and supporting our field visits. Authors are thankful to the Director, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata and the Director, Zoological Survey of India Kolkata for facilities and the State Forest Department, Govt. of West Bengal for permitting field surveys. We thank Dr. Katarína Hegedüšová Vantarová, Managing Editor, Biologia, for his guidance during revision of the manuscript and Dr. Jaybert Arellado, JEO Assistant, Biologia for his constant support. We are also grateful to two reviewers for their constructive comments on our manuscript.
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Banerjee, A., Dwivedi, M.D., Kasana, S. et al. Phylogenetic relationships in Indian Daphne (Thymelaeaceae) based on nuclear ITS and cpDNAdata. Biologia 77, 3071–3086 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-022-01125-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-022-01125-4