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Tragia plukenetii-Assisted Omega-Decenol as Potential Anticancer Agent: its Isolation, Characterization, and Validation

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Abstract

The second most common and lethal disease is lung cancer. To combat the negative effects of today’s synthetic medications, natural phytomedicines are required. Tragia plukenetii is a medicinal plant native to India that belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family. The purpose of this research is to isolate bioactive compounds from T. plukenetii leaves and then test them for anticancer property. A single compound (CH: ME-20:80) was separated using TLC, and an RF value of 0.55 was determined. Spectral analyses utilizing UV-Visible Spectrophotometer and FT-IR were used to examine the absorbance and functional groups. 13C-NMR and 1H-NMR studies revealed the tentative name of the purified phytochemical as omega-decenol (OD). Further antioxidant and anticancer properties of OD were tested for in vitro. In comparison to conventional L-ascorbic acid, the DPPH radical scavenging assay experiment yielded an IC50 of 147.48 g/ml. With an IC50 value of 24 µg/ml (Omega-decenol) and 32 µg/ml (doxorubicin), the MTT assay demonstrated the cytotoxic capability against the A549 lung cancer cell line. FACS revealed the cell cycle arrest of A549 at S phase compared to control with the high-dose IC50 (250 µg/ml) of omega-decenol. Twelve major compounds were detected in the active fraction using GC-MS analysis, where n-hexadecanoic acid was found as a major. Omega-decenol showed good binding affinity against EGFR, amongst other receptors in the in silico docking study. This research reveals the potent anticancer activity of the isolated compound omega-decenol from T. plukenetii leaves and provides a key path to understanding the molecular interaction in anticancer aspects against adenocarcinoma.

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Funding

The authors pleased to acknowledge DST-FIST (File No. SR/FST/LS-1/2018/187); DST-SHRI (DST/TDT/SHRI/2022/70) and Karpagam Academy of Higher Education for supporting to carry this work. The Author Sowmya Priya Manoharan has received the research support from Central Instrumentation Facility, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Sowmya Priya Manoharan, Sangilimuthu Alagar Yadav, Balamurugan Pandiyan & Gnanaselvan Suvathika

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  1. Sowmya Priya Manoharan
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  2. Sangilimuthu Alagar Yadav
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  3. Balamurugan Pandiyan
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All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Sowmya priya Manoharan, Balamurugan Pandian, Suvathika Gnanaselvan. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Sowmya Priya Manoharan and all the authors commented on previous version of the manuscript. Dr. Sangilimuthu Alagar Yadav read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Sangilimuthu Alagar Yadav.

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Manoharan, S.P., Yadav, S.A., Pandiyan, B. et al. Tragia plukenetii-Assisted Omega-Decenol as Potential Anticancer Agent: its Isolation, Characterization, and Validation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 195, 1699–1722 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-022-04221-y

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