Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Isolation of Clavispora lusitaniae from the Oral Cavity of Immunocompetent Young Adults from the North of Mexico

  • ORIGINAL RESEARCH ARTICLE
  • Published:
Indian Journal of Microbiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The human oral cavity is normally colonized by microorganisms including bacteria, fungi, archaea, viruses and protozoa. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of Candida spp., in de oral cavity in a group of medical students from the north of Mexico. Oral sample were obtained from 240 healthy students. The specimens were analyzed by traditional microbiology cultures and DNA sequencing. Candida spp., grew in Sabouraud dextrose agar from 57 samples and subsequently were isolated and phenotyped. The definitive identification to the species level was done by sequence analysis. The yeasts were identified as follow: 28 Clavispora lusitaniae, 20 Candida albicans, 5 Pichia kudriavzevii and 4 Candida parapsilosis. Our findings revealed that 23.75% of the healthy population has a potential pathogen in their mouth. Surprisingly, C. albicans is not the predominant yeast; instead other non-Candida species are the colonizers of the oral cavity as normal microbiota. C. lusitaniae is considered an emerging opportunistic pathogen in immunosuppressive patients. This paper pretends to highlight the presence of this yeast in the oral cavity in immunocompetent young adults.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

References

  1. Montelongo-Jauregui D, Lopez-Ribot JL (2018) Candida interactions with the oral bacterial microbiota. J Fungi. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof4040122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Baker JL, Bor B, Agnello M, Shi W, He X (2017) Ecology of the oral microbiome: beyond bacteria. Trends Microbiol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2016.12.012

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  3. Bandara HMHN, Panduwawala CP, Samaranayake LP (2019) Biodiversity of the human oral mycobiome in health and disease. Oral Dis. https://doi.org/10.1111/odi.12899

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Ghannoum MA et al (2010) Characterization of the oral fungal microbiome (mycobiome) in healthy individuals. PLoS Pathog. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000713

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. Wu J et al (2014) Prevalent drug resistance among oral yeasts from asymptomatic patients in Hainan, China. Mycopathologia 177:299–307. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11046-014-9747-3

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Romo JA, Kumamoto CA (2020) On commensalism of candida. J Fungi 6:16. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6010016

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Di Cosola M, Cazzolla AP, Charitos IA, Ballini A, Inchingolo F, Santacroce L (2021) Candida albicans and oral carcinogenesis. A brief review. J Fungi 7:476. https://doi.org/10.3390/jof7060476

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Kondori N et al (2021) Candida species as commensal gut colonizers: a study of 133 longitudinally followed Swedish infants. Med Mycol 58:485–492. https://doi.org/10.1093/MMY/MYZ091

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Butler G et al (2009) Evolution of pathogenicity and sexual reproduction in eight Candida genomes. Nature 459:657–662. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08064

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Priest SJ, Lorenz MC (2015) Characterization of virulence-related phenotypes in Candida species of the CUG clade. Eukaryot Cell 14:931–940. https://doi.org/10.1128/EC.00062-15

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Merseguel KB et al (2015) Genetic diversity of medically important and emerging Candida species causing invasive infection. BMC Infect Dis 15:57. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-015-0793-3

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Pérez-Brito D et al (2015) Genetic diversity of Clavispora lusitaniae isolated from Agave fourcroydes Lem, as revealed by DNA fingerprinting. J Microbiol 53:14–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12275-015-4373-4

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Rodrigues de Miranda L (1979) Clavispora, a new yeast genus of the Saccharomycetales. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 45:479–483. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00443285

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kraepelin G (1984) J. A. Barnett, R. W. Payne and D. Yarrow, Yeasts: Characteristics and Identification. 811 S., 488 (Mikrophotos) Abb., zahlreiche Tabellen. Cambridge 1983. Cambridge University Press. £75.00. Z Allg Mikrobiol 24:436. https://doi.org/10.1002/jobm.19840240703

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Merz WG (1990) Candida albicans strain delineation. Clin Microbiol Rev 3:321–334. https://doi.org/10.1128/CMR.3.4.321

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Gouba N, Raoult D, Drancourt M (2014) Eukaryote culturomics of the gut reveals new species. PLoS ONE 9:e106994. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0106994

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Horváth M et al (2021) Oral epithelial cells distinguish between candida species with high or low pathogenic potential through microRNA regulation. mSystems 6:e00163-e221. https://doi.org/10.1128/msystems.00163-21

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Chan GF, Gan HM, Ling HL, Rashid NAA (2012) Genome sequence of Pichia kudriavzevii M12, a potential producer of bioethanol and phytase. Eukaryot Cell 11:1300–1301. https://doi.org/10.1128/EC.00229-12

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Madeeha IR, Ikram A, Imran M (2016) A preliminary insight of correlation between human fecal microbial diversity and blood lipid profile. Int J Food Sci Nutr 67:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637486.2016.1201791

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Nagarathnamma T et al (2017) Outbreak of Pichia kudriavzevii fungaemia in a neonatal intensive care unit. J Med Microbiol 66:1759–1764. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.000645

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Hassani Abharian P, Dehghan P, Hassani-Abharian P, Jabalameli Z (2020) Frequency of Candida species in the oral cavity of narcotics and stimulants smokers in Isfahan, using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Adv Biomed Res 9:30. https://doi.org/10.4103/abr.abr_38_20

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Odds FC, Bernaerts R (1994) CHROMagar Candida, a new differential isolation medium for presumptive identification of clinically important Candida species. J Clin Microbiol. https://doi.org/10.1128/jcm.32.8.1923-1929.1994

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Richini-Pereira VB, de Camargo RMP, Bagagli E, Marques SA (2012) White piedra: molecular identification of Trichosporon inkin in members of the same family. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 45:402–404. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86822012000300025

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Montoya AM, Luna-Rodríguez CE, Gracia-Robles G, Rojas OC, González GM (2019) In vitro lytic activity and antifungal susceptibility of infrequently isolated yeasts. Arch Microbiol 201:1147–1149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00203-019-01684-2

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Chenna R et al (2003) Multiple sequence alignment with the Clustal series of programs. Nucleic Acids Res 31:3497–3500. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkg500

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S (2013) MEGA6: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Mol Biol Evol. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/mst197

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  27. Saitou N, Nei M (1987) The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol 4:406–425. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040454

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Pinto-Almazán R et al (2022) Frequency of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of asymptomatic preschool Mexican children and its association with nutritional status. Children 9:1510. https://doi.org/10.3390/children9101510

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  29. Calderone RA, Fonzi WA (2001) Virulence factors of Candida albicans. Trends Microbiol 9:327–335. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0966-842X(01)02094-7

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Mun MSS, Yap T, Alnuaimi AD, Adams GG, Mccullough MJ (2016) Oral candidal carriage in asymptomatic patients. Aust Dent J 61:190–195. https://doi.org/10.1111/adj.12335

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Monteiro-Da-Silva F, Araujo R, Sampaio-Maia B (2014) Interindividual variability and intraindividual stability of oral fungal microbiota over time. Med Mycol 52:498–505. https://doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myu027

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Takuma A et al (2023) Failure of liposomal amphotericin B therapy in patients with severe pancreatitis complicated by Candida lusitaniae infection. J Infect Chemother 29:208–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiac.2022.10.011

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Giovanoulis V et al (2022) Prosthetic knee joint infection due to Candida lusitaniae: a diagnostic and therapeutic odyssey: a case study. Diagnostics 12:2640. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12112640

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  34. Yoneda T, Hoshina T, Fukuda T, Ohama N, Murakawa S, Kusuhara K (2023) A previously unreported case of suppurative thrombophlebitis due to Clavispora lusitaniae. J Med Mycol 33:101390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycmed.2023.101390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Mendoza-Reyes DF, Gómez-Gaviria M, Mora-Montes HM (2022) Candida lusitaniae: biology, pathogenicity, virulence factors, diagnosis, and treatment. Infect Drug Resist 15:5121–5135. https://doi.org/10.2147/IDR.S383785

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Authors grateful to sample donors.

Funding

The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other support were received during the preparation of this manuscript.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Av. Gonzalitos s/n, Colonia Mitras Centro, CP 64460, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico

    Olga C. Rojas & Alexandra M. Montoya

  2. Departamento de Ciencia Básicas, Vicerrectoría de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Monterrey, CP 66238, San Pedro Garza García, Mexico

    Olga C. Rojas, Cintia Amaral-Montesino, Soraya Mendoza-Olazaran & Diego Carrión-Alvarez

  3. Instituto Tecnológico de los Altos de Jalisco, CP 47300, Yahualica de González Gallo, Mexico

    Rafael González-Álvarez

Authors
  1. Olga C. Rojas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Cintia Amaral-Montesino
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Soraya Mendoza-Olazaran
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Diego Carrión-Alvarez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Rafael González-Álvarez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Alexandra M. Montoya
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Samples recovery, microbial culture, by DC-A. DNA extraction and data collection were performed by OCR, CA-M, SM-O and AMM. DNA sequence analysis and the first draft of the manuscript was written by OCR and RG-Á. All authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Olga C. Rojas.

Ethics declarations

Competing interests

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Supplementary Information

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary file1 (DOCX 31 kb)

Supplementary file2 (DOCX 20 kb)

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Rojas, O.C., Amaral-Montesino, C., Mendoza-Olazaran, S. et al. Isolation of Clavispora lusitaniae from the Oral Cavity of Immunocompetent Young Adults from the North of Mexico. Indian J Microbiol (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-023-01145-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-023-01145-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation