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New Discoveries in the Canellaceae in the Antilles: How Phylogeny can Support Taxonomy

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Abstract

Six genera have been described in the family Canellaceae, four of them from the Neotropics and the other two from Africa and Madagascar. The Caribbean genera are Canella, Pleodendron and Cinnamodendron. Canella is a monotypic genus widespread in the region, and Pleodendron is present in the Greater Antilles and Costa Rica. Cinnamodendron occurs in the Greater Antilles (Cuba, Hispaniola, and Jamaica) as well as in South America. A recent phylogenetic analysis of the family shows that Cinnamodendron is not monophyletic because the South American species and the Antillean species are recovered in two different clades. The Antillean species formed a clade sister to Pleodendron. The synapomorphies of the Antillean species of Cinnamodendron are tetramerous flowers with eight petals, eight stamens, four carpels, and four placentae. Based on the results from the phylogenetic analysis major taxonomy changes are expected for the family.

Resumen

Seis géneros han sido descritos en la familia Canellaceae, cuatro de estos para el neotrópico y los otros dos para Africa y Madagascar. En las Antillas se encuentran los géneros Canella, Pleodendron y Cinamodendron. Canella es un género monotípico de amplia distribución en la región del caribe y pleodendron se encuentra presente sólo en las antillas mayores y Costa Rica. Cinnamodendron ha sido dado tanto para las Antillas mayores como para America del Sur. Un análisis filogenético previo de la familia indica que el género Cinnamodendron no es monofilético. Existe una separación de las especies Sudamericanas y Antillanas en clados diferentes. Las especies de las Antillas forman un clado que es hermano de Pleodendron. Los carácteres sinapomórficos de las especies antillanas de Cinnamodendron son: flores tetrámeras con ocho petalos, ocho estambres, cuatro carpelos y cuatro placentas. Basados en los resultados de la filogenia del grupo, se anticipan cambios taxonómicos para la familia.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the staff at the following herbaria for facilitating specimens: K, S,U, MO,NY, HUH, UPR, CICY, FLAS, BM, US, MU, MEXU, G, IJ, SJ, UPRRP, HAC, HAJB, RB, HB, SP, MBM, USP, UFSC, UPCB, HBR, FLOR, UEC, BM, BH, and INB. Alberto Veloz, Brígido Peguero, e Idelfonso de los Angeles from the Botanical Garden of Santo Domingo provided assistance in the field. George Proctor and Keron Campbell (Museum of Natural History of Jamaica) facilitated the work in Jamaica. Hilaire Vilmond made possible the work in Haiti. Eugenio Santiago-Valentin, Marcos Caraballo, and Tomas Carlos supported the work in Puerto Rico. Rosalina Berazain from Jardín Botánico de La Habana made possible the work in Cuba.

We appreciate the comments and suggestions done by Dennis Stevenson, Eugenio Santiago-Valentin, and Javier Francisco-Ortega.

Funding for Jackeline Salazar was provided by Cornell University (Harold E. Moore Jr. Endowment Fund, The Mario Einaudi Center for International Studies: LASP/Tinker Graduate Student Field Research Grants, Department of Plant Biology), Botanical Society of America, American Society of Plant Taxonomists, International Association for Plant Taxonomy, The Linnean Society of London, and the Botanical Garden of Santo Domingo.

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  1. L.H. Bailey Hortorium, Department of Plant Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA

    Jackeline Salazar

  2. Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo, Zona Universitaria, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic

    Jackeline Salazar & Kevin Nixon

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  1. Jackeline Salazar
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Correspondence to Jackeline Salazar.

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Salazar, J., Nixon, K. New Discoveries in the Canellaceae in the Antilles: How Phylogeny can Support Taxonomy. Bot. Rev 74, 103–111 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12229-008-9002-z

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