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Weed competitive ability in wheat: a peek through in its functional significance, present status and future prospects

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Abstract

Weed competitive ability of a crop is one of the most widely explored aspects in the current scenario of aftermaths of synthetic herbicides such as herbicide resistant weeds emergence, residue accumulation in trophic levels; increased demands of organic produce, global climatic shifts, and other environmental issues. Further weed infestations are known to cause much more economic losses relative to crop attacks by pests. To understand the basic characteristics and underlying processes governing the competitive ability of a crop is therefore prudent, particularly in staples such as wheat. We discuss here an overview of the existing attributes of wheat-weed environment, the significance of crop competitiveness and various associated above-ground and below-ground traits (pertaining to early seed vigor and early seedling germination) discerned through biological, classical genetics and high throughput omics toolbox to provide numerous resources in terms of genome and transcriptome sequences, potential QTLs, genetic variation, molecular markers, association mapping studies, and others. Competitiveness is a cumulative response manifested as morphological, physiological, biochemical or allelochemical response ultimately driven through genetic architecture of a crop and its interaction with environment. Development of wheat competitive cultivar thus requires interdisciplinary approaches and germplasm screening to identify potential donors for competitiveness is an attractive and feasible alternative. For which utilization of landraces and other wild species, already proven to house sufficient genetic heterogeneity, thus poses a competitive advantage. Further, the availability of novel breeding techniques such as rapid generation advance could speed up the development of competitive wheat ideotype.

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Funding

The authors are grateful to DST-SERB for supporting this work vide File No. SRG/2019/001181.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Organic Farming, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

    Parampreet Kaur & Shephali Sachan

  2. Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India

    Achla Sharma

Authors
  1. Parampreet Kaur
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  2. Shephali Sachan
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  3. Achla Sharma
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Contributions

PK and AS have made a substantial, direct and intellectual contribution to the work. PK conceptualized and wrote the manuscript. SS assisted in manuscript writing. All authors have critically read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Parampreet Kaur.

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Kaur, P., Sachan, S. & Sharma, A. Weed competitive ability in wheat: a peek through in its functional significance, present status and future prospects. Physiol Mol Biol Plants 27, 2165–2179 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-021-01079-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-021-01079-y

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