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Seasonal Variation in the Chemical Profile, Antifungal and Insecticidal Activities of Essential Oils from Daucus reboudii

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Abstract

Purpose

This study investigates for the first time the influence of seasonal variation on the chemical composition, antifungal and insecticidal potentials of essential oils extracted from Daucus reboudii growing in Tunisia.

Methods

Essential oils were extracted in summer (vegetative stage) and autumn (flowering-fruiting stage) by hydrodistillation, the corresponding volatiles were identified by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The anti-insect potency of the essential oils from D. reboudii collected seasonally was evaluated towards two stored product insects, Tribolium confusum and Sitophilus zeamais. The antifungal effects of these oils were screened against Candida albicans and Candida glabrata yeasts and Trichophyton rubrum and Microsporum canis dermatophytes, fungi with medical interest.

Results

The essential oil highest yield was recorded from the sample collected in October. The phytochemical profiling of D. reboudii volatile oils indicated that monoterpene hydrocarbons (52.2–61.4)% represent the major class of the identified compounds, with -pinene (36.6–40.6)% as the major secondary metabolite through both seasons. Taking into consideration the second most represented class of compounds, a predominance of sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons (25.3%) was observed in summer, versus a predominance of phenyl derivatives (21.1%) in the flowering-fruiting stage. The essential oils showed promising effect in protecting stored grains from T. confusum attacks. The essential oils from D. reboudii showed interesting antifungal potential towards T. rubrum and M. canis. C.

Conclusion

These results may be gainful in choosing the optimal harvest time for the production of D. reboudii active agents, with high value in crops preservation and medication.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to express their sincere thanks to Professor Hatem DHAOUADI, Director of the Research Unit “Applied Chemistry and Environment (UR13ES63)”, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia, for the scientific support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Unit 13ES63, Applied Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Monastir University, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia

    Siwar Majdoub, Zine Mighri & Saoussen Hammami

  2. LP3M: Laboratory of Medical and Molecular Parasitology-Mycology, B Clinical Biology, Department Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, 1 Avicenne Street, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia

    Raja Chaabane-Banaoues & Hamouda Babba

  3. Laboratory of Botany, Cryptogamy and Plant Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences “A”, Faculty of Pharmacy of Monastir, University of Monasti, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia

    Ridha El Mokni

  4. Laboratory of Research in Silvo-Pastoral Resources, Department of Silvo-Pastoral Resources, Silvo-Pastoral Institute of Tabarka, University of Jendouba, BP. 345, 8110, Tabarka, Tunisia

    Ridha El Mokni

  5. Laboratory of Forest Ecology, IRESA, I.N.R.G.R.E.F, BP N° 10, 2080, Ariana, Tunisia

    Ridha El Mokni

  6. Regional Centre of Research on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, University of Sousse, 57, Chott Mariem, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia

    Ikbal Chaieb

  7. Department of Chemical and Geological Science, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu km 0700, 09042, Monserrato, Italy

    Alessandra Piras & Silvia Porcedda

  8. Technical Institute “Michele Giua”, Via Montecassino, 09134, Cagliari, Italy

    Danilo Falconieri

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  1. Siwar Majdoub
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Contributions

S.H supervised the project. R.E.M provided the plant. S.H and S.M prepared the essential oils. S.M and S.H drafted the manuscript. R.C.B, H.B, Z.M, S.M and I.C performed the antifungal and insecticidal tests. A.P, D.F and S.P analyzed the chemical composition of the essential oils. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Saoussen Hammami.

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Majdoub, S., Chaabane-Banaoues, R., Mokni, R.E. et al. Seasonal Variation in the Chemical Profile, Antifungal and Insecticidal Activities of Essential Oils from Daucus reboudii. Waste Biomass Valor 13, 1859–1871 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-021-01594-9

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