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Low specificity and high variability of ectomycorrhizal association in Salix humboldtiana along its southern latitudinal distribution

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Abstract

The preference in the ectomycorrhizal (ECM) - plant association exhibits a wide degree of variation and depends on the identity of the plant but also of the fungal species. Evaluating the degree of specificity of the plant species toward ECM symbionts is an important clue for understanding the functioning of the ECM symbiosis itself. In this work we set out to investigate the patterns of association and specificity of Salix humboldtiana in a wide range of distribution. To do this, we evaluated in a greenhouse experiment if this species establishes symbiosis with ECM fungi belonging to its own rhizosphere (using soil from three provenances of S. humboldtiana distribution in: north, center and south of Argentina) and the rhizosphere of Alnus acuminata and Nothofagaceae species, with which share distribution in the north and the south of Argentina, respectively. Trees of S. humboldtiana associate with ECM fungi belonging to its rhizosphere in the north, center and south of Argentina and from the A. acuminata rhizosphere, but not with those belonging to the Nothofagaceae rhizosphere. Furthermore, PERMANOVA showed that the composition of the associated ECM fungi differed between inoculum provenances. Our results suggest that S. humboldtiana shows low specificity on ECM symbiosis, associating with a small group of fungi that differ in abundance and composition throughout their distribution in Argentina.

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Availability of data and material

The datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Code Availability

The code used in the current study is available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (UNC), and Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) both of which provided the facilities used. This work was financially supported by Secretaría de Ciencia y Técnica (UNC) and Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (FONCYT). We are grateful to Francisco Kuhar, Lisandro Fernández and Nataly Gómez Montoya for helping in the recollection of soil used as inoculum and to the other members of the Laboratorio de Micología (Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, CONICET - UNC) for the support. We are grateful to Daihana Argibay for the elaboration of the sample sites map. We thank anonymous reviewers for their comments on the manuscript.

Funding

This work was financially supported by Secretaría de Ciencia y Técnica (UNC) and Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (FONCYT).

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  1. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, FCEFyN, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, 5000, Argentina

    Magali Burni, Silvana Longo, Gabriel Grilli & Eduardo Nouhra

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  1. Magali Burni
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  2. Silvana Longo
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  4. Eduardo Nouhra
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Contributions

The study design, soil collection, greenhouse experiment and analysis of samples were carried out by SL, EN and MB. The statistical analysis was performed by GG. The first draft of the manuscript was written by SL, EN and MB, and all authors revised and commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Magali Burni.

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Burni, M., Longo, S., Grilli, G. et al. Low specificity and high variability of ectomycorrhizal association in Salix humboldtiana along its southern latitudinal distribution. Symbiosis 90, 39–51 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13199-023-00918-8

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