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Taxonomic circumscription of Diaporthales based on multigene phylogeny and morphology

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Abstract

Demarcation of family, genus and species boundaries in the Diaporthales has been tentative due to uninformative illustrations and descriptions, overlapping morphological characteristics, misplacement or poor condition of type specimens and shortage of molecular data from ex-type cultures. In this study, we obtained the type specimens or other authentic specimens of diaporthalean taxa from worldwide fungaria. We examined, described and illustrated them. This study is based on morphological characters from type or authentic specimens, details from protologue and original illustrations and molecular data obtained from GenBank. Combined analyses of nrITS, nrLSU, RPB2 and TEF1-α sequence data were used to construct the molecular phylogeny. Additionally, we provided separate phylogenetic trees for families when necessary to show the generic distribution within these families based on suitable gene markers. Based on morphology and phylogeny, we treat 17 genera previously assigned to Diaporthales genera incertae sedis within several families. For some genera we have designated new generic types as they are lacking type species or type species have affiliations with other families. We exclude Anisomycopsis from Diaporthales and place it in Xylariomycetidae genera incertae sedis. Tirisporellaceae, which was previously placed in Tirisporellales is placed in Diaporthales based on phylogeny and morphology. A new combination, Dendrostoma leiphaemia propose for Amphiporthe leiphaemia (Fr.) Butin. Based on the morphological characters and molecular data we accept 27 families and 138 genera within Diaporthales, 24 genera in Diaporthales genera incertae sedis and one genus in Xylariomycetidae genera incertae sedis. We provide notes for genera in Diaporthales genera incertae sedis, and excluded and doubtful genera are listed with notes on their taxonomy and phylogeny.

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Acknowledgements

Kevin D. Hyde thanks to National Research Council of Thailand (Mae Fah Luang University) for the grant “Biodiversity, phylogeny and role of fungal endophytes of Pandanaceae” (Grant No. 592010200112) and Thailand Research Fund (TRF) grant no RSA5980068 entitled “Biodiversity, phylogeny and role of fungal endophytes on above parts of Rhizophora apiculata and Nypa fruticans”, the National Research Council of Thailand (Mae Fah Luang University) Grant No. 60201000201 entitled “Diseases of mangrove trees and maintenance of good forestry practice”, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, project number 2013T2S0030, for the award of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists at Kunming Institute of Botany. Samantha C. Karunarathna thanks CAS President’s International Fellowship Initiative (PIFI) for funding his postdoctoral research (number 2018PC0006). We would like to thank the National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) for funding this work under the project code 31750110478. Indunil C. Senanayake extends her grateful acknowledgment to the curators of the BBH, BPI, BRIP, K, MFLU, NY, PREM, PR, S, and W fungaria for kindly loaning the herbarium material for the study. As well as Indunil C. Senanayake thanks to Dhanushka Udayanga, Dongqin Dai and Nalin N. Wijayawardene for providing photographs for some specimens.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China

    Indunil C. Senanayake, Kevin D. Hyde & Samantha C. Karunarathna

  2. World Agroforestry Centre, East and Central Asia, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China

    Indunil C. Senanayake, Kevin D. Hyde & Samantha C. Karunarathna

  3. Centre of Excellence for Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand

    Indunil C. Senanayake, Putarak Chomnunti, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe, Chada Norphanphoun, Anuruddha Karunarathna, Dhandevi Pem, Rekhani H. Perera & Kevin D. Hyde

  4. Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Mauritius, Reduit, 80837, Mauritius

    Rajesh Jeewon

  5. Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand

    Anuruddha Karunarathna

  6. A.M.B. Gruppo Micologico Forlivese, Antonio Cicognani, Via Roma 18, Forlì, Italy

    Erio Camporesi

  7. A.M.B. Circolo Micologico, Giovanni Carini, 314, Brescia, Italy

    Erio Camporesi

  8. Società per gliStudiNaturalisticidella Romagna, 144, Bagnacavallo, RA, Italy

    Erio Camporesi

  9. Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, Private Bag 92170, Auckland, New Zealand

    Eric H. C. McKenzie

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  1. Indunil C. Senanayake
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Correspondence to Samantha C. Karunarathna.

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Senanayake, I.C., Jeewon, R., Chomnunti, P. et al. Taxonomic circumscription of Diaporthales based on multigene phylogeny and morphology. Fungal Diversity 93, 241–443 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-018-0410-z

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