Abstract
Lippia integrifolia (Griseb.) Hieron. is a native aromatic shrub, commonly known as “incayuyo” or “inca tea”. It is widely used in traditional medicine in northern and central Argentina, where infusions of leaves and flowers are used as digestive, emmenagogue, antitussive, carminative, and against dyspepsia, stomachache, flu and indigestions. Its essential oil is a rich source of sesquiterpenoids based on unique or very rare skeletons such as integrifoliane, lippifoliane, asteriscane, africanane and 4,5-seco-africanane. The essential oil shows a remarkable chemical diversity, with at least five clearly defined chemotypes. Two of the most frequently found chemotypes stand out for their unique components, one called “trans-davanone chemotype” that has this ketone as the dominant component (>75%); and the other, called “lippifolienone chemotype”, rich in oxygenated sesquiterpenes based on the rare lippifoliane and integrifoliane skeletons. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of “incayuyo” showed antiadhesive properties against Helicobacter pylori. In addition, the secretion of IL-8 induced by Helicobacter pylori was significantly reduced by co-incubation of AGS cells with “incayuyo” extract. Infusions and decoctions of “incayuyo” displayed strong antioxidant, choleretic and antispasmodic effects, stimulated phagocytosis rate of macrophages and inhibited the LPS-induced NO-secretion. In addition, a significant reduction of contractions induced by acetylcholine, CaCl2 and KCl was observed in isolated rat jejunum. The bioactive components of “incayuyo” extracts are flavonoid glycosides, (poly)-phenolic compounds, phenylethanoid glycosides (acteoside, isoacteoside) and sesquiterpenoids. All experimental data support the use of “incayuyo” in traditional medicine. Comparative studies on the pharmacological efficacy of the different essential oil chemotypes are necessary. The qualitative and quantitative content of non-volatile bioactive metabolites should be used to define quality parameters.
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Catalán, C.A.N., Catalán, J.V., Sampietro, D.A. (2021). Lippia integrifolia (Griseb.) Hieron.. In: Máthé, Á., Bandoni, A. (eds) Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of South America Vol. 2. Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the World, vol 7. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62818-5_24
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