Abstract
Fungal endophytes inhabit the internal tissues of healthy plants asymptomatically. They are known to produce a wide array of natural compounds and bioactive secondary metabolites. These valuable compounds are anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and growth-promoting in nature. Their association with host plants is typically mutualistic symbiotic, which explains the symptomless nature of their infection of the host plants. Endophytes and their host plant association are inclined to benefit the host plant, with enhanced plant growth and development, as well as improving tolerance towards biotic and abiotic stresses. Of the many plant species in the world, the members of Orchidaceae are discussed here. Orchidaceae, as a large and highly diverse family of flowering plants, are well known not just for their beautiful flowers, but also for their valuable use in traditional medicine to treat many diseases. It is hypothesized that the abundance of phytochemicals in Orchidaceae contributes to their medicinal properties. And this also ignites the interest to discover the endophytes they host and the metabolites they produce. As such, endophytes from Orchidaceae are explored for their beneficial plant-growth promoting properties, as well as for their bioactive compounds. As reservoirs of natural metabolites that are still relatively untapped, fungal endophytes have massive potential to be employed in medicinal, agricultural and industrial sectors owing to their valuable attributes. This chapter reviews the diversity of fungal endophytes from the Orchidaceae family and their application in various fields attributed to the plethora of secondary metabolites and bioactive compounds produced.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aggarwal S, Nirmala C, Beri S, Rastogi S, Adholeya A (2012) In vitro symbiotic seed germination and molecular characterization of associated endophytic fungi in a commercially important and endangered Indian orchid Vanda coerulea. Eur J Environ Sci 2:33–42
Alurappa R, Bojegowda MRM, Kumar V, Mallesh NK, Chowdappa S (2014) Characterisation and bioactivity of oosporein produced by endophytic fungus Cochliobolus kusanoi isolated from Nerium oleander L. Nat Prod Res 28:2217–2220
Alurappa R, Chowdappa S, Narayanaswarmy R, Sinniah UR, Mohanty SK, Swamy MK (2018) Endophytic fungi and bioactive metabolites production: an update. In: Patra J, Das G, Shin HS (eds) Microbial biotechnology. Springer, Singapore, pp 452–482. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7140-9_21
Arora J, Ramawat KG (2017) An introduction to endophytes. In: Maheshwari DK (ed) Endophytes: biology and biotechnology. Springer, Cham, pp 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-66541-2_1
Avinash KS, Ashwini HS, Babu HNR, Krishnamurthy YL (2015) Antimicrobial potential of crude extract of Curvularia lunata, endophytic fungi isolated from Cymbopogon caesius. J Mycol 2015:1–4
Balakumaran MD, Ramachandran R, Kalaichelvan PT (2015) Exploitation of endophytic fungus, Guignardia mangiferae for extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their in vitro biological activities. Microbiol Res 178:9–17
Batzer JC, Mueller DS (2020) Soybean fungal endophytes Alternaria and Diaporthe spp. are differentially impacted by fungicide application. Plant Dis 104:5–12
Bayman P, Angulo-Sandoval P, Báez-ortiz Z, Lodge DJ (1998) Distribution and dispersal of Xylaria endophytes in two tree species in Puerto Rico. Mycol Res 102:944–948
BaymanP, Mosquera-EspinosaAT, Porras-AlfaroA (2011) Mycorrhizal relationships of Vanilla and prospects for biocontrol of root rots. In: Havkin-FrenkelD, BelangerFC (eds) Handbook of vanilla science and technology.Wiley, United States, pp266–280. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444329353.ch16
Behera D, Tayung K, Mohapatra UB (2013) PCR-based identification of endophytes from three orchid species collected from Similipal Biosphere Reserve, India. Am IntJResForm, ApplNat Sci 13:10–17
Behie SW, Bidochka MJ (2014) Nutrient transfer in plant-fungal symbioses. Trends Plant Sci 19:734–740
Bernard N (1900) Sur quelques germination difficiles. Rev Gen Bot 12:108–120
Bernard N (1908) La culture des orchidées dans ses rapports avec lasymbiose. J Soc Natl Hort 4th Ser 24:180–185
Bernard N (1911) Sur la fonction fongicide des bulbes d’ophrydées. Ann Sci Nat Bot 9:221–234
Boddington M, Dearnaley JDW (2008) Morphological and molecular identification of fungal endophytes from roots of Dendrobium speciosum. Proc R Soc Queensl 114:13–17
Bougoure JJ, Dearnaley JDW (2005) The fungal endophytes of Dipodium variegatum (Orchidaceae). Aust Mycol 24:15–19
Bungtongdee N, Sopalun K, Laosripaiboon W, Lamtham S (2018) The chemical composition, antifungal, antioxidant and antimutagenicity properties of bioactive compounds from fungal endophytes associated with Thai orchids. J Phytopathol 167:56–64
Cao LX, You JL, Zhou SN (2002) Endophytic fungi from Musa acuminata leaves and roots in South China. World J Microb Biot 18:169–171
Chand K, Shah S, Sharma J, Paudel MR, Pant B (2020) Isolation, characterization, and plant-growth promoting activities of endophytic fungi from a wild orchid Vanda cristata. Plant Signal Behav 15:e1744294
Chatterjee S, Ghosh R, Mandal NC (2019) Production of bioactive compounds with bactericidal and antioxidant potential by endophytic fungus Alternaria alternata AE1 isolated from Azadirachta indica A. Juss Plos One 14:e0214744
Cheamuangphan A, Panmanee C, Tanusuchat R (2013) Value chain analysis for orchid cut flower business in Chiang Mai. Bus InfJuly:7–9
Chen XM, Dong HL, Hu KX, Sun ZR, Chen J, Guo SX (2010) Diversity and antimicrobial and plant-growth promoting activities of endophytic fungi in Dendrobium loddigesii Rolfe. J Plant Growth Regul 29:328–337
Chen C, Hu SY, Luo DQ, Zhu SY, Zhou CQ (2013a) Potential antitumor agent from the endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis photiniae induces apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in HeLa cells. Oncol Rep 30:1773–1781
Chen J, Zhang LC, Xing YM, Wang YQ, Xing XK, Zhang DW et al (2013b) Diversity and taxonomy of endophytic xylariaceous fungi from medicinal plants of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae). PLoS One 8:e58268
Cui J, Wang Y, Xing Y, Guo S, Xiao P, Wang M (2012) Antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Dendrobium species in Southwestern China. J Chinese Materia Medica 37:764–770
Currah RS, Sherburne R (1992) Septal ultrastructure of some fungal endophytes from boreal orchid mycorrhizas. Mycol Res 96:583–587
Da Silva M, Cruz ES, Veloso TGR, Miranda L, Pereira OL, Bocayuva MF et al (2018) Colletotrichum serranegrense sp. nov., a new endophytic species from the roots of the endangered Brazilian epiphytic orchid Cattleya jongheana. Phytotaxa 351:163–170
Davis EC, Franklin JB, Shaw AJ, Vilgalys R (2003) Endophytic Xylaria (Xylariaceae) among liverworts and angiosperms: phylogenetics, distribution and symbiosis. Am J Bot 90:1661–1667
De Agostini A, Caltagirone C, Caredda A, Cicatelli A, Cogoni A, Farci D et al (2020) Heavy metal tolerance of orchid populations growing on abandoned mine tailings: a case study in Sardinia Island (Italy). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 189:110018
De LC, Rao AN, Pathak P, Rajeevan PK (2014a) Global orchid industry. In: GolachowskaM, MonuE (eds) Commercial orchids. De Gruyter Open, Berlin, pp13–19. https://doi.org/10.2478/9783110426403.2
De LC, Rao AN, Pathak P, Rajeevan PK (2014b) Production technology of commercial epiphytic orchids for cut flowers. In: Golachowska M, Monu E (eds) Commercial orchids. De Gruyter Open, Berlin, pp 149–199. https://doi.org/10.2478/9783110426403.9
De LC, Rao AN, Rajeevan PK, Srivastava M, Chhetri G (2014c) Morphological characterization in Cymbidium species. J Glob Biosci 3:1060–1075
De LC, Rao AN, Rajeevan PK, Dhiman SR, Srivastava M, Chhetri G (2014d) Morphological characterization in Paphiopedilum species. Elec J Biosci 2:131–145
De LC, Rao AN, Rajeevan PK, Srivastava M, Chhetri G (2015) Morphological characterization in Dendrobium species. J Glob Biosci 4:1198–1215
Dearnaley JDW (2006) The fungal endophytes of Erythrorchis cassythoides – is this orchid saprophytic or parasitic? Aust Mycol 25:51–57
Demers JE, Gugino BK, Jiménez-Gasco MM (2014) Highly diverse endophytic and soil Fusarium oxysporum populations associated with field-grown tomato plants. Appl Environ Microbiol 81:81–90
Desisa B (2017) Endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica and its mechanism of plant-growth promotion. WorldSci News 87:99–113
Devi R, Kaur T, Guleria G, Rana K, Kour D, Yadav N et al (2020a) Fungal secondary metabolites and their biotechnological application for human health. In: Rastegari AA, Yadav AN, Yadav N (eds) Trends of microbial biotechnology for sustainable agriculture and biomedicine systems: perspectives for human health. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 147–161. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-820528-0.00010-7
Devi R, Kaur T, Kour D, Rana KL, Yadav A, Yadav AN (2020b) Beneficial fungal communities from different habitats and their roles in plant-growth promotion and soil health. Microbial Biosystems 5:21–47
Dhayanithy G, Subban K, Chelliah J (2019) Diversity and biological activities of endophytic fungi associated with Catharanthus roseus. BMC Microbiol 19:22
Ding R, Chen XH, Zhang LJ, Yu XD, Qu B, Duan R et al (2014) Identify and specificity of Rhizoctonia-like fungi from different populations of Liparis japonica (Orchidaceae) in Northeast China. PLoS One 9:e105573
Dreyfuss M, Chapela IH (1994) Potential of fungi in the discovery of novel, low-molecular weight pharmaceuticals. Biotechnology 26:49–80
Du W, Yao Z, Li J, Sun C, Xia J, Wang B et al (2020) Diversity and antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Securinega suffruticosa in the Yellow River Delta. PLoS One 15:e0229589
Duan X, Xu F, Qin D, Gao T, Shen W, Zuo S et al (2019) Diversity and bioactivities of fungal endophytes from Distylium chinense, a rare waterlogging tolerant plant endemic to the Three Gorges Reservoir. BMC Microbiol 19:278
Ebada SS, Eze P, Okoye FBC, Esimone CO, Proksch P (2016) The fungal endophyte Nigrospora oryzae produces quercetin monoglycosides previously known only from plants. ChemistrySelect 1:2767–2771
Elena V, Gastaldo A, Tondello A, Baldan B, Villani M, Squartini A (2010) Identification of two fungal endophytes associated with the endangered orchid Orchis militaris L. J Microbiol Biotechnol 20:630–636
Elgorban AM, Bahkali AH, Al Farraj DA, Abdel-Wahab MA (2019) Natural products of Alternaria sp., an endophytic fungus isolated from Salvadora persica from Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 26:1068–1077
Fang S, Chen J, Wei M (2016) Protocorms and protocorm-like bodies are molecularly distinct from zygotic embryonic tissues in Phalaenopsis aphrodite. Plant Physiol 171:2682–2700
Gao LW, Li WY, Zhao YL, Wang JW (2009) The cultivation, bioactive components and pharmacological effects of Armillaria mellea. Afr J Biotechnol 8:7383–7390
Girlanda M, Segreto R, Cafasso D, Liebel HT, Rodda M, Ercole E et al (2011) Photosynthetic Mediterranean meadow orchids feature partial mycoheterotrophy and specific mycorrhizal associations. Am J Bot 98:1148–1163
Godinho BTV, Santos IAFM, Gomes EA, Piccoli RH, Cardoso PG (2019) Endophytic fungi community in Eremanthus erythropappus tree from anthropogenic and natural areas of Minas Gerais. Cerne 25:283–293
Gomathi G, Senthilkumar SR, Xavier TF, Raj LJM, Monica A (2018) Specificity of mycorrhizal fungi isolated from the roots of Vanda testacea from five different regions using DNA barcoding. J EmergTechnolInnov Res 5:320–323
Gonzaga LL, Costa LEO, Santos TT, Araújo EF, Queiroz MV (2015) Endophytic fungi from the genus Colletotrichum are abundant in the Phaseolus vulgaris and have high genetic diversity. J Appl Microbiol 118:485–496
Govinda Rajulu MB, Suryanarayanan TS, Tangjang S (2016) Endophytic fungi of orchids of Arunachal Pradesh, North Eastern India. Curr Res Environ Appl Mycol 6:293–299
Guo T, Wang HC, Xue WQ, Zhao J, Yang ZL (2016) Phylogenetic analyses of Armillaria reveal at least 15 phylogenetic lineages in China, seven of which are associated with cultivated Gastrodia elata. PLoS One 11:e0154794
Gutiérrez RMP (2010) Orchids: A review of uses in traditional medicine, its phytochemistry and pharmacology. J Med Plant Res 4:592–638
Hamzah TNT, Lee SY, Hidayat A, Terhem R, Faridah-Hanum I, Mohamed R (2018) Diversity and characterization of endophytic fungi isolated from the tropical mangrove species, Rhizophora mucronata, and identification of potential antagonists against the soil-borne fungus, Fusarium solani. Front Microbiol 9:1707
Hamidson SH, Naito S (2004) Distribution of Rigidoporus lignosus genotypes in a rubber plantation, as revealed by somatic compatibility. Mycoscience 45:72–75
Harvais G, Hadley G (1967) The relation between host and endophyte in orchid mycorrhiza. New Phytol 66:205–215
Herrera H, Valadares R, Oliveira G, Fuentes A, Almonacid L, do Nascimento SV et al (2018) Adaptation and tolerance mechanisms developed by mycorrhizal Bipinnula fimbriata plantlets (Orchidaceae) in a heavy metal-polluted ecosystem. Mycorrhiza 28:651–663
Hinsley A, de Boer HJ, Fay MF, Gale SW, Gardiner LM, Gunasekara RS et al (2018) A review of the trade in orchids and its implications for conservation. Bot J Linn Soc 186:435–455
Hossain MM (2011) Therapeutic orchids: traditional uses and recent advances – an overview. Fitoterapia 82:102–140
Hosseini SH, Dadkhah K (2016) Intergeneric classification of genus Bulbophyllum from Peninsular Malaysia based on combined morphological and rbcL sequence data. Pak J Bot 48:1619–1627
Hu H, Jeewon R, Zhou D, Zhou T, Hyde KD (2007) Phylogenetic diversity of endophytic Pestalotiopsis species in Pinus armandii and Ribes spp.: evidence from rRNA and β-tubulin gene phylogenies. Fungal Divers 24:1–22
Idris NA, Zuhir ZM, Mohd Radzuan NA, Muda NS, Rosli RI (2019) In vitro response of fungi isolated from orchids in BRIS, Setiu Wetland and mangrove in Morib, to different concentrations of lead. Malays Appl Biol 48:229–233
Ismail AM, Cirvilleri G, Polizzi G, Crous PW, Groenewald JZ, Lombard L (2012) Lasiodiplodia species associated with dieback disease of mango (Mangifera indica) in Egypt. Australas Plant Pathol 41:649–660
Jin Z, Li D, Liu T, Yu F, Zhang Z, Su C et al (2017) Cultural endophytic fungi associated with Dendrobium officinale: identification, diversity estimation and their antimicrobial potential. Curr Sci 112:1690–1697
Kamel NM, Abdel-Motaal FF, El-Zayat SA (2020) Endophytic fungi from the medicinal herb Euphorbia geniculata as a potential source for bioactive metabolites. Arch Microbiol 202:247–255
Kamdem RST, Pascal W, Rehberg N, van Geelen L, Höfert SP, Knedel TO, et al. (2018) Metabolites from the endophytic fungus Cylindrocarpon sp. isolated from tropical plant Sapium ellipticum. Fitoterapia 128:175–179
Kasmir J, Senthilkumar SR, Britto SJ, Raj LJM (2011) Identification of fungal endophytes from Orchidaceae members based on nrITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) region. Int Res J Biotechnol 2:139–144
Khamchatra N, Dixon KW, Tantiwiwat S, Piapukiew J (2016) Symbiotic seed germination of an endangered epiphytic slipper orchid, Paphiopedilum villosum (Lindl.) Stein. from Thailand. S Afr J Bot 104:76–81
Khan AL, Lee I (2013) Endophytic Penicillium funiculosum LHL06 secretes gibberellin that reprograms Glycine max L. growth during copper stress. BMC Plant Biol 13:1–14
Khare E, Mishra J, Arora NK (2018) Multifaceted interactions between endophytes and plants: developments and prospects. Front Microbiol 9:2732
Kim H, Choi GJ, Lee HB, Lee S, Lim HK, Jang KS et al (2007) Some fungal endophytes from vegetable crops and their anti-oomycete activities against tomato late blight. Lett Appl Microbiol 44:332–337
Klaiklay S, Rukachaisirikul V, Phongpaicit S, Buatong J, Preedanon S, Sakayaroj J (2013) Flavodonfuran: a new difuranylmethane derivative from the mangrove endophytic fungus Flavodon flavus PSU-MA201. Nat Prod Res 27:1722–1726
Kowalkowska AK, Turzyński S, Kozieradzka-Kiszkurno M, Wiśniewska N (2017) Floral structure of two species of Bulbophyllum section Cirrhopetalum Lindl.:B. weberi Ames and B. cumingii (Lindl.) Rchb. f. (Bulbophyllinae Schltr., Orchidaceae). Protoplasma 254:1431–1449
Lahrmann U, Strehmel N, Langen G, Frerigmann H, Leson L, Ding Y et al (2015) Mutualistic root endophytism is not associated with the reduction of saprotrophic traits and requires a noncompromised plant innate immunity. New Phytol 207:841–857
Lalancette S, Lerat S, Roy S, Beaulieu C (2019) Fungal endophytes of Alnus incana ssp. rugosa and Alnus alnobetula ssp. crispa and their potential to tolerate heavy metals and to promote plant growth. Mycobiology 47:415–429
Lam Y, Ng TB, Yao RM, Shi J, Xu K, Cho WS et al (2015) Evaluation of chemical constituents and important mechanism of pharmacological biology in Dendrobium plants. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 1:1–25
Lee B, Kwon W, Kim J, Park J, Eom A (2017) Differences among endophytic fungal communities isolated from the roots of Cephalanthera longibracteata collected from different sites in Korea. Mycobiology 45:312–317
Li L, Ye D, Zeng S (2018) Bulbophyllum chrysolabium (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Malaxideae), a new species from Yunnan, China. Phytokeys 111:61–68
Linde CC, May TW, Phillips RD, Ruibal M, Smith LM, Peakall R (2017) New species of Tulasnella associated with terrestrial orchids in Australia. IMA Fungus 8:28–47
Lubna AS, Hamayun M, Gul H, Lee I, Hussain A (2018) Aspergillus niger CSR3 regulates plant endogenous hormones and secondary metabolites by producing gibberellins and indoleacetic acid. J Plant Interact 13:100–111
Luo H, Zhou Q, Deng Y, Deng Z, Qing Z, Sun W (2017) Antifungal activity of the extract and the active substances of endophytic Nigrospora sp. from the traditional Chinese medicinal plant Stephania kwangsiensis. Nat Prod Commun 12:1889–1892
Ma X, Kang J, Nontachaiyapoom S, Wen T, Hyde KD (2015) Non-mycorrhizal endophytic fungi from orchids. Curr Sci 109:72–87
Macia-Vicente JG, Jansson H, Abdullah SK, Descals E, Salinas J, Lopez-Llorca LV (2008) Fungal root endophytes from natural vegetation in Mediterranean environments with special reference to Fusarium spp. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 64:90–105
Mahmoud RS, Narisawa K (2013) A new fungal endophyte, Scolecobasidium humicola, promotes tomato growth under organic nitrogen conditions. Plos One 8:e78746
Manamgoda DS, Udayanga D, Cai L, Chukeatirote E, Hyde KD (2013) Endophytic Colletotrichum from tropical grasses with a new species C. endophytica. Fungal Divers 61:107–115
Mangunwardoyo W, Suciatmih S, Gandjar I (2012) Frequency of endophytic fungi isolated from Dendrobium crumenatum (Pigeon orchid) and antimicrobial activity. Biodiversitas 13:34–39
Mohamed H, Joseph M (2016) Isolation, identification and frequency studies of foliar endophytic fungi from Dendrobium sp. and Oncidium sp. Int J Recent Sci Res 7:14580–14583
Mosquera-Espinosa AT, Bayman P, Prado GA, Gómez-Carabalí A, Otero JT (2013) The double life of Ceratobasidium:Orchid mycorrhizal fungi and their potential for biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani sheath blight of rice. Mycologia 105:141–150
Martin R, Gazis R, Skaltsas D, Chaverri P, Hibbett D (2015) Unexpected diversity of basidiomycetous endophytes in sapwood and leaves of Hevea. Mycologia 107:284–297
Mosquera-Espinosa AT, Bayman P, Prado GA, Gómez-Carabalí A, Otero JT (2013) The double life of Ceratobasidium: orchid mycorrhizal fungi and their potential for biocontrol of Rhizoctonia solani sheath blight of rice. Mycologia 105:141–150
Naik BS, Shashikala J, Krishnamurthy YL (2009) Study on the diversity of endophytic communities from rice (Oryza sativaL.) and their antagonistic activities in vitro. Microbiol Res 164:290–296
Nontachaiyapoom S, Sasirat S, Manoch L (2010) Isolation and identification of Rhizoctonia-like fungi from roots of three orchid genera, Paphiopedilum, Dendrobium and Cymbidium, collected in ChiangRai and ChiangMai provinces of Thailand. Mycorrhiza 20:459–471
Nurunnabi TR, Nahar L, Al-majmaie S, Rahman SMM, Sohrab MH, Billah MM et al (2017) Anti-MRSA activity of oxysporone and xylitol from the endophytic fungus Pestalotia sp. growing on the Sundarbans mangrove plant Heritiera fomes. Phytother Res 32:348–354
Okane L, Nakagiri A, Ito T, Lumyong S (2003) Extensive host range of an endophytic fungus, Guignardia endophyllicola (anamorph: Phyllosticta capitalensis). Mycoscience 44:353–363
Otero JT, Ackerman JD, Bayman P (2002) Diversity and host specificity of endophytic Rhizoctonia-like fungi from tropical orchids. Am J Bot 89:1852–1858
Ovando I, Damon A, Bello R, Ambrosio D, Albores V, Adriano L et al (2005) Isolation of endophytic fungi and their mycorrhizal potential for the tropical epiphytic orchids Cattleya skinneri, C. aurantiaca and Brassavola nodosa. Asian J Plant Sci 4:309–315
Palem PP, Kuriakose GC, Jayabaskaran C (2015) An endophytic fungus, Talaromyces radicus, isolated from Catharanthus roseus, produces vincristine and vinblastine, which induce apoptotic cell death. PLoS One 10:e0144476
Pant B (2013) Medicinal orchids and their uses: tissue culture a potential alternative for conservation. African J Plant Sci 7:448–467
Pant B, Shah S, Shrestha R, Pandey S, Joshi PR (2017) An overview on orchid endophytes. In: Varma A, Prasad R, Tuteja N (eds) Mycorrhiza- nutrient uptake, biocontrol, ecorestoration. Springer, Berlin, pp 503–524. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68867-1_26
Paramanantham P, Pattnaik S, Siddhardha B (2019) Natural products from endophytic fungi: synthesis and applications. In: Singh BP (ed) Advances in endophytic fungal research. Springer, Singapore, pp 83–103. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03589-1
Park Y, Mishra RC, Yoon S, Kim H, Park C, Seo S et al (2018) Endophytic Trichoderma citrinoviride isolated from mountain-cultivated ginseng (Panax ginseng) has great potential as a biocontrol agent against ginseng pathogens. J Ginseng Res 43:408–420
Parthibhan S, Ramasubbu R (2020) Mycorrhizal and endophytic fungal association in Paphiopedilum druryi (Bedd.) Stein – a strict endemic and critically endangered orchid of the Western Ghats. Ecol Genet Genomics 16:100059
Parthibhan S, Rao MV, Kumar TS (2017) Culturable fungal endophytes in shoots of Dendrobium aqueum Lindley – an imperiled orchid. Ecol Genet Genomics 3:18–24
Paudel MR, Chand MB, Pant B, Pant B (2018a) Antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Dendrobium monoliforme extracts and the detection of related compounds by GC-MS. BMC Complement Altern Med 18:134
Paudel MR, Rajbanshi N, Sah AK, Acharya S, Pant B (2018b) Antibacterial activity of selected Dendrobium species against clinically isolated multiple drug-resistant bacteria. Afr J Microbiol Res 12:426–432
Pereira OL, Rollemberg CL, Borges AC, Matsuoka K, Kasuya MCM (2003) Epulorhiza epiphytica sp. nov. isolated from mycorrhizal roots of epiphytic orchids in Brazil. Mycoscience 44:153–155
Pereira OL, Kasuya MCM, Borges AC, de Araujo EF (2005) Morphological and molecular characterization of mycorrhizal fungi isolated from neotrophical orchids in Brazil. Can J Bot 83:54–65
Pereira MC, Rocha DI, Gomes T, Pereira OL, Francino DMT, Meira RMSA et al (2015) Characterization of seed germination and protocorm development of Cyrtopodium glutiniferum(Orchidaceae) promoted by mycorrhizal fungi Epulorhiza spp. Acta Bot Bras 29:569–576
Potshangbam M, Devi SI, Sahoo D, Strobel GA (2017) Functional characterization of endophytic fungal community associated with Oryza sativa L. and Zea mays L. Front Microbiol 8:325
Priyadharsini P, Muthukumar T (2017) The root endophytic fungus Curvularia geniculata from Parthenium hysterophorus roots improves plant growth through phosphate solubilization and phytohormone production. Fungal Ecol 27:69–77
Rabha AJ, Naglot A, Sharma GD, Gogoi HK, Gupta VK, Shreemali DD et al (2016) Morphological and molecular diversity of endophytic Colletotrichum gloeosporioides from tea plant, Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze of Assam, India. J Genet EngBiotechnol 14:181–187
Rachanarin C, Suwannarach N, Kumla J, Srimuang K, Mckenzie EHC, Lumyong S (2018) A new endophytic fungus, Tulasnella phuhinrongklaensis (Cantharellales, Basidiomycota) isolated from roots of the terrestrial orchid, Phalaenopsis pulcherrima. Phytotaxa 374:99–109
Rajulu MBG, Thirunavukkarasu N, Babu AG, Aggarwal A, Suryanarayanan TS, Reddy MS (2013) Endophytic Xylariaceae from the forests of Western Ghats, southern India: distribution and biological activities. Mycology 4:29–37
Rana KL, Kour D, Sheikh I, Dhiman A, Yadav N, Yadav AN et al (2019) Endophytic fungi: biodiversity, ecological significance, and potential industrial applications. In: Yadav AN, Mishra S, Singh S, Gupta A (eds) Recent advancement in white biotechnology through fungi. Springer, Cham, pp 1–62. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-10480-1_1
Rana KL, Kour D, Sheikh I, Dhiman A, Yadav N, Yadav AN et al (2019a) Endophytic fungi: biodiversity, ecological significance and potential industrial applications. In: Yadav AN, Mishra S, Singh S, Gupta A (eds) Recent advancement in white biotechnology through fungi: volume 1: diversity and enzymes perspectives. Springer, Switzerland, pp 1–62
Rana KL, Kour D, Sheikh I, Yadav N, Yadav AN, Kumar V et al (2019b) Biodiversity of endophytic fungi from diverse niches and their biotechnological applications. In: Singh BP (ed) Advances in endophytic fungal research: present status and future challenges. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 105–144. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03589-1_6
Rana KL, Kour D, Yadav AN (2019c) Endophytic microbiomes: biodiversity, ecological significance and biotechnological applications. Res J Biotechnol 14:142–162
Rana KL, Kour D, Kaur T, Devi R, Yadav AN, Yadav N et al (2020a) Endophytic microbes: biodiversity, plant growth-promoting mechanisms and potential applications for agricultural sustainability. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 113:1075–1107. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-020-01429-y
Rana KL, Kour D, Kaur T, Sheikh I, Yadav AN, Kumar V et al (2020b) Endophytic microbes from diverse wheat genotypes and their potential biotechnological applications in plant- growth promotion and nutrient uptake. Proc Natl Acad Sci India B. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-020-01168-0
Rastegari AA, Yadav AN, Yadav N (2020a) New and future developments in microbial biotechnology and bioengineering: trends of microbial biotechnology for sustainable agriculture and biomedicine systems: diversity and functional perspectives. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Rastegari AA, Yadav AN, Yadav N (2020b) New and future developments in microbial biotechnology and bioengineering: trends of microbial biotechnology for sustainable agriculture and biomedicine systems: perspectives for human health. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Ratnaweera PB, Williams DE, de Silva ED, Wijesundera RLC, Dalisay DS, Andersen RJ (2014) Helvolic acid, an antibacterial nortriterpenoid from a fungal endophyte, Xylaria sp. of orchid Anoectochilus setaceusendemic to Sri Lanka. Mycology 5:23–28
Romero A, Carrion G, Rico-Gray V (2001) Fungal latent pathogens and endophytes from leaves of Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae). Fungal Divers 7:81–87
Saha D, Rao AN (2006) Studies on endophytic mycorrhiza of some selected orchids of Arunachal Pradesh – 1. Isolation and identification. Bull Arunachal Forest Res 22:9–16
Saikkonen K, Faeth SH, Helander M, Sullivan TJ (1998) Fungal endophytes: A continuum of interactions with host plants. Annu Rev Ecol Systemat 29:319–343
Salazar-Cerezo S, Martinez-Montiel N, Cruz-Lopez MDC, Martinez-Contreras RD (2018) Fungal diversity and community composition of culturable fungi in Stanhopea trigrina cast gibberellin producers. Front Microbiol 9:612
Salazar JM, Pomavilla M, Pollard AT, Chica EJ, Peña DF (2020) Endophytic fungi associated with roots of epiphytic orchids in two Andean forests in Southern Ecuador and their role in germination. Lankesteriana 20:37–47
Sandrasagaran UM, Subramaniam S, Murugaiyah V (2014) New perspective of Dendrobium crumenatum orchid for antimicrobial activity against selected pathogenic bacteria. Pak J Bot 46:719–724
Sarsaiya S, Shi J, Chen J (2019) A comprehensive review on fungal endophytes and its dynamic on Orchidaceae plants: current research, challenges, and future possibilities. Bioengineered 10:316–334
Sarsaiya S, Jain A, Jia Q, Fan X, Shu F, Chen Z et al (2020) Molecular identification of endophytic fungi and their pathogenicity evaluation against Dendrobium nobile and Dendrobium officinale. Int J Mol Sci 21:316
Sawmya K, Vasudevan TG, Murali TS (2013) Fungal endophytes from two orchid species – pointer towards organ specificity. Czech Mycol 65:89–101
Senthilmurugan G, Viji SS, Suresh K (2013) Enzyme analysis of endophytic new Streptomyces sp. viji10 isolated from velamen roots of orchid plant Vanda spathulata (L.) Spreng. Asian J Agric Biol 1:149–154
Senthilkumar SR, Francis Xavier T, Gomathi G, Aancius J, Monica A (2018) Molecular characterization of mycorrhizal fungi isolated from the roots of Cymbidium species. World J Pharm Res 7:515–520
Shah S, Shrestha R, Maharjan S, Selosse M, Pant B (2019) Isolation and characterization of plant growth-promoting endophytic fungi from the roots of Dendrobium monoliforme. Plan Theory 8:5
Shipunov A, Newcombe G, Vendra AKHR, Anderson CL (2008) Hidden diversity of endophytic fungi in an invasive plant. Am J Bot 95:1096–1108
Shrestha R, Shah S, Pant B (2018) Identification of endophytic fungi from roots of two Dendrobium species and evaluation of their antibacterial property. Afr J Microbiol Res 12:697–704
Shubha J, Srinivas C (2017) Diversity and extracellular enzymes of endophytic fungi associated with Cymbidium aloifolium L. Afr J Biotechnol 16:2248–2258
Singh J, Yadav AN (2020) Natural bioactive products in sustainable agriculture. Springer, Singapore
Singh SK, Strobel GA, Knighton B, Geary B, Sears J, Ezra D (2011) An endophytic Phomopsis sp. possessing bioactivity and fuel potential with its volatile organic compounds. Microb Ecol 61:729–739
Singh N, Rai V, Tripathi C (2012a) Production and optimisation of oxytetracycline by a new isolate Streptomyces rimosus using response surface methodology. Med Chem Res 21:3140–3145
Singh S, Singh AK, Kumar S, Kumar M, Pandey PK, Singh MCK (2012b) Medicinal properties and uses of orchids: a concise review. Appl Bot 52:11627–11634
Singh C, Tiwari S, Singh JS, Yadav AN (2020) Microbes in agriculture and environmental development. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Sopalun K, Iamtham S (2020) Isolation and screening of extracellular enzymatic activity of endophytic fungi isolated from Thai orchids. S Afr J Bot 10:1–7
Sour V, Phonpho S, Soytong K (2015) Isolation of endophytic fungi from some orchid varieties. Int J Agri Tech 11:1243–1254
Sowley ENK, Dewey FM, Shaw MW (2010) Persistent, symptomless, systemic, and seed-borne infection of lettuce by Botrytis cinerea. Eur J Plant Pathol 126:61–71
Sreekanth D, Sushim GK, Syed A, Khan BM, Ahmad A (2011) Molecular and morphological characterization of a taxol-producing endophytic fungus, Gliocladium sp. from Taxus baccata. Mycobiology 39:151–157
Sridhar KR (2019) Diversity, ecology, and significance of fungal endophytes. In: Jha S (ed) Endophytes and secondary metabolites. Springer, Cham, pp 61–100. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90484-9_5
Stierle A, Strobel G, Stierle D (1993) Taxol and taxane production by Taxomyces andreanae, an endophytic fungus of Pacific yew. Science 260:214–216
Strobel GA (2018) The emergence of endophytic microbes and their biological promise. J Fungi (Basel) 4:57
Strobel GA, Hess WM, Ford E, Sidhu RS, Yang X (1996) Taxol from fungal endophytes and the issue of biodoiversity. J Ind Microbiol 17:417–423
Sudheep NM, Sridhar KR (2012) Non-mycorrhizal fungal endophytes in two orchids of Kaiga forest (Western Ghats), India. J For Res 23:453–460
Sudheep NM, Marwal A, Lakra N, Anwar K, Mahmood S (2017) Fascinating fungal endophytes role and possible beneficial applications: an overview. In: Singh BP (ed) Plant-microbe interactions in agro-ecological perspectives. Springer, Singapore, pp 255–273. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5813-4_13
Suman A, Yadav AN, Verma P (2016) Endophytic microbes in crops: diversity and beneficial impact for sustainable agriculture. In: Singh DP, Singh HB, Prabha R (eds) Microbial inoculants in sustainable agricultural productivity: Vol. 1: research perspectives. Springer, New Delhi, pp 117–143. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2647-5_7
Talontsi FM, Facey P, Tatong MDK, Islam MT, Frauendorf H, Draeger S et al (2012) Zoosporicidal metabolites from an endophytic fungus Cryptosporiopsis sp. of Zanthoxylum leprieurii. Phytochemistry 83:87–94
Tan X, Chen X, Wang C, Jin X, Cui J, Chen J et al (2012) Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi in roots of nine Holcoglossum plants (Orchidaceae) collected from Yunnan, Guangxi, and Hainan Provinces of China. Curr Microbiol 64:140–147
Tan X, Zhou Y, Zhou X, Xia X, Wei Y, He L et al (2018) Diversity and bioactive potential of culturable fungal endophytes of Dysosma versipellis; a rare medicinal plant endemic to China. Sci Rep 8:1–9
Teixeira SDP, Borba EL, Semir J (2004) Lip anatomy and its implications for the pollination mechanisms of Bulbophyllum species (Orchidaceae). AnnBot 93:499–505
Tian XL, Cao LX, Tan HM, Zeng QG, Jia YY, Han WQ et al (2004) Study on the communities of endophytic fungi and endophytic actinomycetes from rice and their antipathogenic activities in vitro. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 20:303–309
Ting ASY (2020) Endophytes of the tropics: diversity, ubiquity and applications. CRC Press, Boca Raton
Tsavkelova EA, Bömke C, Netrusov AI, Weiner J, Tudzynski B (2008) Production of gibberellic acids by an orchid-associated Fusarium proliferatum strain. Fungal Genet Biol 45:1393–1403
Umata H (1995) Seed germination of Galeola altissima, an achlorophyllous orchid, with aphyllophorales fungi. Mycoscience 36:369–372
Van Kan JAL, Shaw MW, Grant-Downton RT (2014) Botrytis species: relentless necrotrophic thugs or endophytes gone rogue? Mol Plant Pathol 15:957–961
Vaz ABM, Mota RC, Bomfim MRQ, Vieira MLA, Zani CL, Rosa CA et al (2009) Antimicrobial activity of endophytic fungi associated with Orchidaceae in Brazil. Can J Microbiol 55:1381–1391
Velma WN, Wagara IN, Obonyo M, Josphat CM (2018) Isolation, identification and bioactivity of fungal endophytes from selected Kenyan medicinal plants. Afr J Microbiol Res 12:405–412
Vieira WAS, Michereff SJ, de Morais Jr MA, Hyde KD, Camara MPS (2014) Endophytic species of Colletotrichum associated with mango in northeastern Brazil. Fungal Divers 67:181–202
Wang Y, Gregg L (1994) Medium and fertilizer affect the performance of Phalaenopsis orchids during two flowering cycles. HortScience 29:269–271
Wang FQ, Tong QY, Ma HR, Xu HF, Hu S, Ma W et al (2015) Indole diketopiperazines from endophytic Chaetomium sp 88194 induce breast cancer cell apoptotic death. Sci Rep 5:9294
Wang M, Liu F, Crous PW, Cai L (2017) Phylogenetic reassessment of Nigrospora: ubiquitous endophytes, plant and human pathogens. Persoonia 39:118–142
Waqas M, Khan AL, Hamayun M, Shahzad R, Kang S, Kim J et al (2015) Endophytic fungi promote plant growth and mitigate the adverse effects of stem rot: an example of Penicillium citrinum and Aspregillus terreus. J Plant Interact 10:280–287
Wikee S, Udayanga D, Crous PW, Chukeatirote E, McKenzie EHC, Bahkali AH et al (2011) Phyllosticta – an overview of current status of species recognition. Fungal Divers 51:43–61
Wright M, Guest D (2005) Development of mycorrhizal associations in Caladenia tentaculata. Selbyana 26:114–124
Wu J, Qian J, Zheng S (2002) A preliminary study on ingredient of secretion from fungi of orchid mycorrhiza. J Appl Ecol 13:845–848
Wu LS, Jia M, Chen L, Zhu B, Dong HX, Si JP et al (2016) Cytotoxic and antifungal constituents isolated from the metabolites of endophytic fungus DO14 from Dendrobium officinale. Molecules 21:14
Xing YM, Chen J, Cui JL, Chen XM, Guo SX (2010) Antimicrobial activity and biodiversity of endophytic fungi in Dendrobium devonianum and Dendrobium thyrsiflorum from Vietnam. Curr Microbiol 62:1218–1224
Yadav AN (2020) Recent trends in mycological research, volume 1: agricultural and medical perspective. Springer, Switzerland
Yadav M, Yadav A, Kumar S, Yadav JP (2016) Spatial and seasonal influences on culturable endophytic mycobiota associated with different tissues of Eugenia jambolanaLam. and their antibacterial activity against MDR strains. BMC Microbiol 16:44
Yadav AN, Mishra S, Kour D, Yadav N, Kumar A (2020a) Agriculturally important fungi for sustainable agriculture, volume 1: perspective for diversity and crop productivity. Springer International Publishing, Cham
Yadav AN, Mishra S, Kour D, Yadav N, Kumar A (2020b) Agriculturally important fungi for sustainable agriculture, volume 2: functional annotation for crop protection. Springer International Publishing, Cham
Yadav AN, Singh J, Rastegari AA, Yadav N (2020c) Plant microbiomes for sustainable agriculture. Springer, Cham
Yadav AN, Singh J, Singh C, Yadav N (2020d) Current trends in microbial biotechnology for sustainable agriculture. Springer, Singapore
Yap LS, Lee WL, Ting ASY (2017) Endophytes from Malaysian medicinal plants as sources for discovery of anticancer agents. In: Agrawal DC, Tsay HS, Shyur LF, Wu YC, Wang SY (eds) Medicinal Plants and Fungi – Recent Advances in Research and Development. Springer, Singapore, pp 313–335. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5978-0_10
Ye W, Jiang J, Lin Y, Yeh K, Lai Z, Xu X et al (2019) Colonisation of Oncidium orchid roots by the endophyte Piriformospora indica restricts Erwinia chrysanthemi infection, stimulates accumulation of NBS-LRR resistance gene transcripts and represses their targeting micro-RNAs in leaves. BMC Plant Biol 19:1–16
Ye B, Wu Y, Zhai X, Zhang R, Wu J, Zhang C et al (2020) Beneficial effects of endophytic fungi from the Anoectochilus and Ludisia species on the growth and secondary metabolism of Anoectochilus roxburghii. ACS Omega 5:3487–3497
Yeung EC (2017) A perspective on orchid seed and protocorm development. Bot Stud 58:33
Yu Y, Cui Y, Hsiang T, Zeng Z, Yu Z (2015) Isolation and identification of endophytes from roots of Cymbidium goeringii and Cymbidium faberi (Orchidaceae). Nova Hedwigia 101:57–64
Yu J, Wu Y, He Z, Li M, Zhu K, Gao B (2018) Diversity and antifungal activity of endophytic fungi associated with Camellia oleifera. Mycobiology 46:85–91
Yuan Z, Chen Y, Yang Y (2009) Diverse non-mycorrhizal fungal endophytes inhabiting an epiphytic, medicinal orchid (Dendrobium nobile): estimation and characterization. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 25:295–303
Zakaria L, Chua HN (2013) Endophytic Fusarium spp. from roots of lawn grass (Axonopus compressus). Trop Life Sci Res 24:85–90
Zakaria L, Jamil MI, Anuar IS (2016) Molecular characterization of endophytic fungi from roots of wild banana (Musa acuminata). Trop Life Sci Res 27:153–162
Zelmer CD, Cuthbertson L, Currah RS (1996) Fungi associated with terrestrial orchid mycorrhizas, seeds and protocorms. Mycoscience 37:439–448
Zhang T, Yao Y (2015) Endophytic fungal communities associated with vascular plants in the high arctic zone are highly diverse and host-plant specific. PLoS One 10:e0130051
Zhang S, Yang Y, Li J, Qin J, Zhang W, Huang W et al (2018) Physiological diversity of orchids. Plant Divers 40:196–208
Zhang Y, Yu X, Zhang W, Lang D, Zhang X, Cui G et al (2019) Interactions between endophytes and plants: beneficial effect of endophytes to ameliorate biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. J Plant Biol 62:1–13
Zhang Y, Li Y, Chen X, Guo S, Lee Y (2020) Effect of different mycobionts on symbiotic germination and seedling growth of Dendrobium officinale, an important medicinal orchid. Bot Stud 61:2
Acknowledgement
The authors extend their gratitude to Monash University, Malaysia for the financial assistance and facilities to pursue research on endophytes.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Chua, R.W., Ting, A.S.Y. (2021). Fungal Endophytes from Orchidaceae: Diversity and Applications. In: Yadav, A.N. (eds) Recent Trends in Mycological Research. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68260-6_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68260-6_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-030-68259-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-030-68260-6
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)