Abstract
Fungal species are able to carry out beneficial actions on industrial processes that directly affect human being wellness. They can also be the cause of severe pathologies both in humans or food products. Fungicidal agents currently used to treat human or plant pathogens have many drawbacks after prolonged or inappropriate use, proving to be inefficient in a short term. Therefore, academics and the pharmaceutical or agrochemical industries are constantly encouraged to search for new chemical entities with antifungal action. In this sense, taking advantage of secondary plant metabolites to find out antifungal molecules could be of high interest. During the last 20 years, we have constituted a group of scientists that broach the subject related to antifungal products obtained from vegetable sources, and we have assayed hundreds of plant species and a considerable number of natural metabolites isolated from them, against the main fungal pathogens that affect humans and crops. The aim of this chapter is to update the plants that have demonstrated the best antifungal action during this period of time and the natural compounds responsible for this. In addition, new strategies like the evaluation of photoactive species and synergism, as well as comparisons with results obtained by other authors reported in the literature, will be discussed.
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Abbreviations
- 1-M-3-(3′,4’-DHP)-PC:
-
1-Methyl-3-(3′,4′-dihydroxyphenyl)-propyl caffeate
- 1-M-3-(4’-HP)-PC:
-
1-Methyl-3-(4′-hydroxyphenyl)-propyl caffeate
- 3,7-DHF:
-
3,7-Dihydroxy flavone
- 3-H-7,8-DMF:
-
3-Hydroxy-7,8-dimethoxy flavone
- 7-H-8-MF:
-
7-Hydroxy-8-methoxyflavanone
- 7-HF:
-
7-Hydroxy flavanone
- AIDS:
-
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
- AMB:
-
Amphotericin B
- APDT:
-
Antimicrobial photo dynamic therapy
- BBT:
-
2,2′:5′,2″-Terthienyl (α-T); 5-(3-buten-1-ynyl)-2,2′-bithiophene
- BBTOAc:
-
5-(4-Acetoxy-1-butynyl)-2,2′-bithiophene
- BBTOH:
-
5-(4-Hydroxy-1-butynyl)-2,2′-bithiophene
- CFU:
-
Colony forming units
- DCM:
-
DiChloroMethane
- DHC:
-
2′,4´-Dihydroxychalcone
- DHMC:
-
2′,4´-Dihydroxy-3′-methoxychalcone
- EtOH:
-
Ethanolic
- FCZ:
-
Fluconazole
- HTSS:
-
High-throughput synergy screening
- ITZ:
-
Itraconazole
- MeOH:
-
Methanolic
- MFC:
-
Minimal fungicidal concentration
- MIC:
-
Minimal inhibitory concentration
- PBT:
-
5-(3-Penten-1-ynyl)-2,2′-bithiophene
- PCM:
-
Paracoccidioidomycosis
- PDT:
-
Photo dynamic therapy
- PhytB:
-
Phytolaccoside B (3-O-β-D-xylopiranosylphytolaccagenin)
- PhytE:
-
Phytolaccoside E (3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,4)-β-D-xylopiranosyl-phytolaccagenin)
- PhytF:
-
Phytolaccoside F [3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1,2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,2)-β-D-xylopyranosyl-phytolaccagenic acid]
- PhytG:
-
Phytolaccagenin
- PSs:
-
Photosensitizer
- PtAqEb:
-
Phytolacca tetramera aqueous extract from berries
- PtAqEl:
-
Phytolacca tetramera aqueous extract from leaves
- PtAqEr:
-
Phytolacca tetramera aqueous extract from roots
- PtBEb:
-
Phytolacca tetramera butanoic extract from berries
- PtBEl:
-
Phytolacca tetramera butanoic extract from leaves
- PtBEr:
-
Phytolacca tetramera butanoic extract from roots
- PtDEb:
-
Phytolacca tetramera dichloromethane extract from berries
- PtDEl:
-
Phytolacca tetramera dichloromethane extract from leaves
- PtDEr:
-
Phytolacca tetramera dichloromethane extract from roots
- PtMEb :
-
Phytolacca tetramera methanolic extract from berries
- PtMEl:
-
Phytolacca tetramera methanolic extract from leaves
- PtMEr:
-
Phytolacca tetramera methanolic extract from roots
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- TLC:
-
Thin layer chromatography
- UHPLC-ESI-MS:
-
Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry
- UVA:
-
Ultraviolet A radiation
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Acknowledgments
Authors gratefully acknowledge Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (ANPCyT) and Universidad Nacional de Rosario (UNR) for financial support (PIP N° 2015-0524, PICT N° 2015-2259, PICT N° 2016-1833 and BIO571-UNR). GS, EB, MDL, EC, and AB are also thankful to CONICET for their doctoral fellowships.
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Seimandi, G. et al. (2022). Natural Antifungal Agents Isolated from Argentine Plants. A Summary of Studies Developed in the Period 2000–2020. In: Rai, M., Kosalec, I. (eds) Promising Antimicrobials from Natural Products. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-83504-0_12
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