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Endophytic Fungi as Sources of Novel Natural Compounds

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Plant Mycobiome

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Abstract

Nowadays, the increasing demands for novel natural compounds for their effective applications as medical drugs imposed severe threats on many plant species; however, the plant endofungi have emerged as promising alternative sources of these natural metabolites. This study aimed to highlight the importance of endofungi as effective producers of bioactive compounds, study the main secondary metabolites produced by these fungi, and focus on the biological applications of these natural compounds. The endofungal bioactive metabolites have the same or similar activities as their host plants. The produced natural compounds possess several pharmacological activities; mainly, anticancerous, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immune-modulatory, and antimalarial. Currently, the recorded promising drugs of endofungal origins include Taxol, cyclosporine A, griseofulvin, lovastatin, and the β-lactam antibiotics. The non-pathogenic nature of most of the endofungi makes their secondary metabolites safe for the human usage, as they have no cytotoxicity against the mammalian cells. Aspergillus fumigatus EFBL as an example is a fungal endophyte of Catharanthus roseus, and is a potent producer of epothilone that demonstrated significant anti-proliferative efficacy against the tumor cells. The recently used mechanism to enhance the endofungal production of more novel natural compounds includes placing these endophytes under stress conditions, to induce the silent biosynthetic genes.

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Acknowledgements

I express my sincere acknowledgements to my Respected Mother, my Wife Rania Hafez, and my Son Youssef, for supporting me during editing this book chapter.

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  1. Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Ain Shams, Cairo, Egypt

    Adel Kamel Madbouly

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  1. Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab, Egypt

    Younes M. Rashad

  2. Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt

    Zakaria A. M. Baka

  3. Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

    Tarek A. A. Moussa

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Madbouly, A.K. (2023). Endophytic Fungi as Sources of Novel Natural Compounds. In: Rashad, Y.M., Baka, Z.A.M., Moussa, T.A.A. (eds) Plant Mycobiome. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28307-9_14

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