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Foliar and Stem Diseases

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Wheat Diseases and Their Management

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Abstract

Sixteen foliar and stem diseases including some sporadical diseases caused by fungi are described in this chapter. Among them Tan Spot, Spot blotch, Powdery mildew, three rusts, and two Septoria diseases are economically more important. As stated elsewhere, at present the occurrence of a new stem rust race Ug99 is causing a serious threat to wheat cultivation in the World. Two Septoria diseases namely Septoria nodorum blotch and Septoria tritici blotch are of major concern in several countries. A worldwide loss was estimated at US$1 billion, and in the USA alone the two Septoria diseases cause a yearly loss of over 1 % (Eyal et al. 1987). Normally, these diseases individually are capable of causing about 30–40 % loss in yield depending upon the country and the year. In the UK for cereal crops, annually 200 million Pounds are spent for fungicidal applications against Septoria diseases, without which the yield losses may amount up to 465 million Pounds (Gullino and Kuijpera 1994). Spot blotch was an important disease in several tropical and sub-tropical countries till the late 1980s. Later, due to the change in tillage practices and the development of moderately Spot blotch resistant cultivars Tan spot has become increasingly more important than the Spot blotch. In the recent years, severe incidences of Powdery mildew have also been observed in many countries (Ralph et al. 2012).

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    Yeshwant Ramchandra Mehta

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Mehta, Y.R. (2014). Foliar and Stem Diseases. In: Wheat Diseases and Their Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06465-9_6

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