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Screening of Fungal Endophytes Isolated from Eastern White Pine Needles

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The Formation, Structure and Activity of Phytochemicals

Part of the book series: Recent Advances in Phytochemistry ((RAPT,volume 45))

Abstract

Foliar endophytes of white pine were isolated from trees at a site in New Brunswick (Canada) and grown in liquid culture. Oxford disk bioassays of the resulting extracts against yeast showed that, of the 86 strains tested, 22 produced antifungal extracts. The resulting extracts were screened by LC-MS and showed variability in metabolite production, but the majority produced pyrenophorol and a number of related derivatives, all of which are known to be antifungal. DNA sequencing of these strains determined that the majority were Lophodermium nitens. A strain of white pine blister rust was isolated in liquid culture from young seedlings infected with the pathogen for toxicity testing. Bioassays performed with 5 μM pyrenophorol showed that it significantly reduced the cell dry weight of the pathogen compared to controls. These data support the hypothesis that pyrenophorol-producing L. nitens endophytes may increase the tolerance of the host tree to white pine blister rust.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by J.D. Irving, Limited, the National Research Council Industrial Research Assistance Program, and the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Dr. Andrew McCartney (J.D. Irving) collected the needle samples and made the primary isolations of the endophytes. We thank Dr. P. Tanguay (Laurentian Forestry Centre), G. Dupper (USDA Forest Service) for assistance with the isolation of the C. ribicola strain, and Dr. Dan Sørensen (Merck/McMaster University) for assistance with metabolite identification.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1S 5B6

    Mark W. Sumarah, Allison K. Walker, Keith A. Seifert, Adrian Todorov & J. David Miller

  2. Southern Crop Protection and Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 1391 Sandford Street, London, ON, Canada, N5V 4T3

    Mark W. Sumarah

  3. Eastern Cereal and Oilseed Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1A 0C6

    Allison K. Walker & Keith A. Seifert

Authors
  1. Mark W. Sumarah
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  2. Allison K. Walker
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  3. Keith A. Seifert
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  4. Adrian Todorov
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  5. J. David Miller
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Correspondence to Mark W. Sumarah .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Departments of Botany and Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Reinhard Jetter

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Sumarah, M.W., Walker, A.K., Seifert, K.A., Todorov, A., Miller, J.D. (2015). Screening of Fungal Endophytes Isolated from Eastern White Pine Needles. In: Jetter, R. (eds) The Formation, Structure and Activity of Phytochemicals. Recent Advances in Phytochemistry, vol 45. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20397-3_8

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