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Diversity, Ecology, and Conservation of Fungal and Bacterial Endophytes

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Microbial Resource Conservation

Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 54))

Abstract

Every plant present on the earth is accompanied by internal association of microbes generally pronounced as endophytes. Bacterial and fungal endophytic microbes are among one of them. Their presence was noted in various niches ranging from mountain to sea, from forest to desert, and, moreover, in cold and in hot spring, copper mine wasteland, agronomic crops, prairie plants, deepwater rice, and grass ecosystem. These endophytic microbes are agriculturally important because of their various plant growth-promoting traits. They are found to inhabit the seeds, roots, stems, and leaves and even the periderm. These endophytic microbes generally enter the plant tissues via several “hotspots” like root system and mitigate with biotic and abiotic stresses, help to cure human diseases by producing several secondary metabolites, help in the induction and expression of plant immunity, exclude plant pathogens by niche competition, as well as actively participate in phenylpropanoid metabolism and antioxidant activities. The discoveries of novel bioactive compound and defense activator like antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral, and antitumor compounds, antibiotics, secondary metabolites, and volatile insecticides attributed to these endophytes are utilized as therapeutic agents in the field of pharmaceutical, medicine, agriculture, and industries. The conservation of endophytic microbes and their gene pools is an emerging and vital issue, even though the development is scary.

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Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to the honorable Vice-Chancellor of the Central Agricultural University for encouraging and providing the necessary facilities. The financial grant (BT/04/NE/2009) from the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) Govt. of India for the Project “Establishment of Institutional Biotechnology Hub” is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre for Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, India

    Pramod Kumar Pandey

  2. College of Horticulture & Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh, India

    Pramod Kumar Pandey, Siddhartha Singh, Mayanglambam Chandrakumar Singh, Amit Kumar Singh, Ajai Kumar Pandey & Punabati Heisnam

  3. Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sudheer Kumar Yadav

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  1. Pramod Kumar Pandey
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  2. Siddhartha Singh
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Correspondence to Pramod Kumar Pandey .

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  1. National Agriculturally Important Microbial Culture Collection (NAIMCC), ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sushil K. Sharma

  2. Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ajit Varma

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Pandey, P.K. et al. (2018). Diversity, Ecology, and Conservation of Fungal and Bacterial Endophytes. In: Sharma, S., Varma, A. (eds) Microbial Resource Conservation. Soil Biology, vol 54. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96971-8_15

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