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Symbioses

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Biology of Algae, Lichens and Bryophytes

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Abstract

This chapter treats the various forms of symbioses between several organism groups with cyanobacteria and algae. A separate sub-chapter highlights the lichen symbioses.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    A number of lichen genera can have two mycobiont species. Thus the term “tripartite” is not necessarily correct for lichens with two photobionts. However, we do refrain here from introducing the new term “tetrapartite” as long as it is not known how widespread a second mycobiont is among the “tripartite” lichens. For the sake of convenience the term “tripartite” is used here, knowing well that it might be outdated soon.

  2. 2.

    Formerly named „heterocysts “, but these cells are not „cysts “ in the sense of resting cells. Instead they are specialized active cells that fix nitrogen from the air.

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  1. RPTU Kaiserslautern, Department of Biology, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 13, 67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany

    Burkhard Büdel

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  1. Department of Biology, RPTU Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany

    Burkhard Büdel

  2. Department of Experimental Phycology and Culture Collection of Algae (EPSAG), Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

    Thomas Friedl

  3. Department of Experimental and Systems Ecology, University of Bielefeld, Bielefeld, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany

    Wolfram Beyschlag

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Büdel, B. (2024). Symbioses. In: Büdel, B., Friedl, T., Beyschlag, W. (eds) Biology of Algae, Lichens and Bryophytes. Springer Spektrum, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-65712-6_6

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