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Bacterial Inoculants for Control of Fungal Diseases in Solanum lycopersicum L. (Tomatoes): A Comprehensive Overview

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Rhizosphere Microbes

Part of the book series: Microorganisms for Sustainability ((MICRO,volume 40))

Abstract

Globally, Solanum lycopersicum L. (tomatoes) is the second most widely grown vegetable. This crop is sensitive to over 200 diseases caused by a variety of phytopathogenic microorganisms, specifically, soil-borne fungi. The major fungal pathogen causing diseases in tomatoes are Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici, Botrytis cinerea, Verticillium dahliae, Sclerotium rolfsii, Colletotrichum sp., Alternaria sp. Rhizoctonia solani, etc. Even though a wide range of chemical fungicides is now available to combat fungal diseases, the overuse of these chemicals has been shown to leave negative/adverse influences on the texture, yield and nutritive value of the fruits. In this regard, to manage the fungus-induced tomato diseases, plant growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria are one of the most environmentally friendly, effective, safe and economically sound solutions. A variety of beneficial soil microorganisms (BSMs) are currently being employed as soil or plant inoculants in several crop plants, including tomatoes, as biocontrol agents (BCAs). These BCAs also work as growth regulators, in addition to preventing fungal diseases. The current chapter discusses the application of beneficial and antagonistic BCAs, their effectiveness as well as bacterial-mediated mechanisms involved in the management of diseases in tomatoes. The specific mechanisms are antibiosis, competition, production of cellulolytic enzymes, cyanogenic compounds (HCN) and siderophore and induced systemic resistance (ISR). The ability of PGP rhizobacteria to antagonize a pathogen and suppress the disease through multiple pathways has been intensively studied to use them as effective BCAs. As a result, this chapter highlights a full explanation of various bacterial-mediated biocontrol mechanisms used by BCA. As environmental and health issues highlight the need to transition to a more sustainable agriculture system, the use of indigenous PGP rhizobacteria in plant disease prevention is gaining attraction. It’s also recommended that using a bacterial consortium guarantees that BCA performs consistently in field settings.

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Acknowledgements

The authors sincerely thank Director Mau, ICAR-NBAIM, for providing scientific and technical support during preparation of the manuscript. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Network Project on Application of Microorganisms in Agriculture and Allied Sectors (AMAAS), ICAR-NBAIM and Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India for providing financial support for the study.

Funding

This research was supported by Network Project on Application of Microorganisms in Agriculture and Allied Sectors (AMAAS), ICAR-NBAIM and Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi (India).

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  1. Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Maunath Bhanjan, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Mohammad Shahid, Udai B. Singh, Talat Ilyas, Deepti Malviya, Shailesh K. Vishwakarma, Zaryab Shafi, Babita Yadav & Harsh V. Singh

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  1. Plant Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, India

    Udai B. Singh

  2. Plant Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, India

    Pramod K. Sahu

  3. Plant Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, India

    Harsh V. Singh

  4. National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, India

    Pawan K. Sharma

  5. Plant Pathology & Microbiology, ICAR-National Institute of Biotic Stress Management, Raipur, India

    Sushil K. Sharma

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Shahid, M. et al. (2022). Bacterial Inoculants for Control of Fungal Diseases in Solanum lycopersicum L. (Tomatoes): A Comprehensive Overview. In: Singh, U.B., Sahu, P.K., Singh, H.V., Sharma, P.K., Sharma, S.K. (eds) Rhizosphere Microbes. Microorganisms for Sustainability, vol 40. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5872-4_15

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