Vol. 16, p. 186, 1900; Creonectria Seaver, Mycologia, Vol. 1, p. 183, 1909; Nectriopsis Maire, Ann. Mycol., Vol. 9, p. 323, 1911. Perithecia superficial, scattered freely on surface of host, caes-pitose or gregarious on a pulvinate, often erumpent, pseudoparenchy-matous stroma or a byssoid subiculum. Asci eight spored, spores liberated by rupturing of apex of ascus. Spores, one septate, elliptical, oval or fusiform, hyaline or lightly coloured; pseudoparaphyses usually present. Type Species—Nectria cinnabarina (Tode) Fr. Distribution—World wide. Key to Species. Perithecial wall pseudoparenchymatous, cell wall hyaline, pigment present as globules within the cells. Spores under 15μ long. Spores smooth, 8–14 × 2–4μ 1. N. ochroleuca (Schw.) Berk. Spores verrucose, 9–13 × 4–6μ 2. N. grisea Dingley Spores 12–20 × 4–7μ 3. N. quisquiliaris Cke. Perithecial wall pseudoparenchymatous, cell wall lightly pigmented, not thickened, translucent when fresh. Perithecia freely scattered on surface of     host 4. N. byssiseda Rehm. Perithecia gregarious on a byssoid stroma.   Spores elliptical or fusiform.     Spores 5–9 × 2.5–4μ 5 N. manuka Dingley     Spores 7.5–10 × 3–4μ 6. N. berkeleyana (Plowr. and Cke.) Dingley     Spores 12–20 × 4–6μ 7. N. aemulans Rehm.   Spores oval ends blunt.     Spore smooth, 8–16 × 4–6μ 8. N. peziza (Tode) Fr. Perithecia caespitose on a small poorly developed erumpent stroma.     Spore smooth, 9–26 × 4–8μ 9. N. hauturu Dingley     Spores verrucose, 8–11 × 5–6μ 10. N. ruapehu Dingley Perithecial wall pseudoparenchymatous, cell wall pigmented, thickened. Perithecia smooth.   Spores smooth.     Stroma absent or poorly developed.       Spores broadly elliptical, 14–20 × 4–7μ 11. N. galligena Bres. ex Strasser       Spores fusiform, 15–22 × 4–6μ 12. N. fragilis Dingley     Stroma present; perithecia semi-immersed 13. N. otagensis Currey ex Lindsay   Spores verrucose.     Parasitic on scale insects.       Spores oval, rarely elliptical, 8–15 × 4–6μ 14. N. aurantiicola Berk, and Br.       Spores elliptical, 16–24 × 6–10μ 15. N. flammea (Tul.) Dingley       Saprophytic on dead bark 16. N. punicea (K. & Schm.) Fr.     Spores echinulate.       Spores fusiform or elliptical, 14–20 × 5–7μ 17. N. coccinea (Pers.) Fr.       Spores tuberculate 18. N. sanguinea (Bolt.) Fr.   Perithecia tuberculate.     Spores smooth.       12–20 × 3–6μ 19. N. cinnabarina (Tode) Fr.       15–20 × 5–8μ 20. N. zelandica Cooke   Spores striate.     Perithecia scattered, sometimes gregarious.       Spores 10–20 × 6–10μ 21. N. haematacoccus Berk. & Br.       Spores 20–32 × 10–14μ 22. N. illudens Berk,