Top 20 Most Common Mushrooms in Midlothian
Most Common Mushrooms
1. Hammered shield lichen
Hammered shield lichen is noted for its pollution tolerance. It is a widespread grey flat lichen that is mostly found upon tree bark and occasionally rocks. Hammered shield lichen is named for the depressions within the lobe which give it a hammered appearance.
2. Common orange lichen
Common orange lichen was selected in 2006 by the United States Department of Energy as a model for genomic sequencing. Its widespread dispersal and bright yellow-orange color give the lichen its common name. It is primarily found growing on rocks, walls, and tree bark.
3. Salted shield lichen
It was first described in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus with the name Lichen saxatilis. Erik Acharius transferred it to Parmelia in 1803. The lichen has a greenish-gray to bluish-gray thallus that can turn brown in exposed locations. It typically grows on rock, although it is sometimes found on bark or wood. Parmelia saxatilis is used to make dyes with deep red-brown and rusty-orange colors. Known as "crotal" in Scotland, it was used to dye traditional cloths including Harris tweed. A somewhat similar species with a cosmopolitan distribution is Parmelia sulcata, which generally grows on trees.
4. Oakmoss
Evernia prunastri grows shrubby on trees. The yellow-green lichen grows up to 10 cm. It consists of up to five millimeters wide shrubby branched bands with a light underside. At the edges of these open dusty (Sorale). Apothecias (with shiny brown disc) are rarely formed.
5. Dust lichen
6. Farinose cartilage lichen
Farinose cartilage lichen has a bushy appearance and is easy to identify by its long, slender branches. The reproductive structures are often scattered on the fungi. The lichen thrives in warm moist, mixed forests, forming on second-growth trees and shrubs.
7. Rim lichen
8. Tree moss
Pseudevernia furfuracea is associated with photobionts from the green algae genus Trebouxia. It reproduces asexually by isidia. The ontogeny of isidia development and its role in CO2 gas exchange in P. furfuracea has been investigated. The preferred growing surfaces for P. furfuracea are the so-called "nutrient poor" bark trees, including birch, pine and spruce. The species has two morphologically identical varieties that are distinguished by the secondary metabolites they produce: var. ceratea Zopf. produces olivetoric acid and other physodic acids, while var. furfuracea produces physodic but not olivetoric acid. Some authors (e.g., Hale 1968) have separated the chemotypes at the species level, designating the olivetoric acid-containing specimens as Pseudevernia olivetorina, but more recent literature separates them at the varietal level.
9. Fringed rosette lichen
Physcia tenella grows initially in small rosettes, which later often flow together like a lawn. The lobules of the thallus are white gray to gray and 0.5 to 1 mm wide. The lobes end flat or in lip-shaped straightened soralen, where vegetative dissemination units (soredia) are formed. These "lip sensory" distinguish them from the otherwise very similar Physcia adscendens (which has helmet-like bulges at the lobes). Gray-white fibrils sit at the edges. Fruit bodies (apothecaries) are rarely trained.
10. Varied rag lichen
Varied rag lichen grows on rocks, soil, and especially wood. Research has suggested that certain extracts from varied rag lichen can inhibit the growth of biofilms, which may lead to future commercial uses. The specific name, glauca, means "bluish-gray or green," though occasionally this species can appear a pale white color as well.
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