Abelmoschus esculentus (okra) | Unknown | |
Acacia nilotica (gum arabic tree) | Main | |
Acer saccharum (sugar maple) | Unknown | |
Achyranthes japonica (Japanese chaff flower) | Unknown | |
Actinidia | Unknown | |
Actinidia chinensis (Chinese gooseberry) | Other | |
Actinidia deliciosa (kiwifruit) | Other | |
Aegle marmelos (golden apple) | Unknown | |
Agave americana (century plant) | Other | Mirhosseini et al. (2015) |
Albizia lebbeck (Indian siris) | Unknown | |
Alcea rosea (Hollyhock) | Unknown | |
Allium | Main | |
Allium cepa (onion) | Unknown | |
Allium sativum (garlic) | Unknown | |
Aloe vera (true aloe) | Other | |
Althaea officinalis (Marsh-mallow) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Amaranthus (amaranth) | Unknown | |
Amaranthus albus (tumble pigweed) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Anigozanthos | Unknown | |
Annona cherimola (cherimoya) | Other | |
Arachis hypogaea (groundnut) | Unknown | |
Armoracia rusticana (horseradish) | Other | |
Aronia melanocarpa (black chokeberry) | Unknown | |
Aster | Unknown | |
Astragalus cicer (Cicer milkvetch) | Unknown | |
Avena sativa (oats) | Unknown | |
Azadirachta indica (neem tree) | Unknown | |
Backhousia myrtifolia | Other | |
Bambusa (bamboo) | Unknown | |
Basella alba (malabar spinach) | Other | |
Berberis darwinii | Unknown | |
Berberis glaucocarpa | Unknown | |
Berberis vulgaris (European barberry) | Unknown | Tomoshevich et al. (2013) |
Beta vulgaris var. saccharifera (sugarbeet) | Unknown | |
Boehmeria nivea (ramie) | Unknown | |
Borago officinalis (Borage) | Unknown | |
Brassica carinata (African cabbage) | Other | |
Brassica juncea var. juncea (Indian mustard) | Unknown | |
Brassica napus | Unknown | |
Brassica napus var. napus (rape) | Unknown | |
Brassica oleracea (cabbages, cauliflowers) | Unknown | |
Brassica oleracea var. capitata (cabbage) | Unknown | |
Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera (turnip rape) | Unknown | |
Brassicaceae (cruciferous crops) | Main | |
Bruguiera gymnorhiza (black mangrove) | Other | |
Cajanus cajan (pigeon pea) | Unknown | |
Calendula (marigolds) | Unknown | |
Calendula officinalis (Pot marigold) | Unknown | |
Calotropis gigantea (Yercum fibre) | Wild host | |
Calotropis procera (apple of sodom) | Unknown | |
Camellia sinensis (tea) | Other | Chakraborty et al. (2006) |
Campanula medium | Other | |
Campanula rapunculoides (creeping bellflower) | Other | |
Canna | Unknown | |
Cannabis sativa (hemp) | Other | |
Capsicum (peppers) | Unknown | |
Capsicum annuum (bell pepper) | Main | |
Carica papaya (pawpaw) | Other | |
Carthamus tinctorius (safflower) | Unknown | |
Carya illinoinensis (pecan) | | |
Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) | Other | |
Ceratonia siliqua (carob) | Unknown | |
Cercis siliquastrum (Judas tree) | Other | |
Chenopodium album (fat hen) | Wild host | |
Chlorophytum comosum (ribbon plant) | Other | Muthukumar and Venkatesh (2013) |
Chlorophytum tuberosum | Other | |
Chrysanthemum morifolium (chrysanthemum (florists')) | Unknown | Domínguez-Serrano et al. (2016) |
Cicer arietinum (chickpea) | Unknown | |
Cichorium intybus (chicory) | Unknown | Karantemiris et al. (2015) |
Cissus quadrangularis (treebine) | Unknown | |
Citrullus lanatus (watermelon) | Other | |
Citrus | Unknown | |
Citrus deliciosa (mediterranean mandarin) | Unknown | |
Citrus limon (lemon) | Unknown | |
Citrus reticulata (mandarin) | Other | |
Citrus sinensis (sweet orange) | Unknown | |
Citrus x paradisi (grapefruit) | Unknown | |
Colocasia esculenta (taro) | Other | |
Coriandrum sativum (coriander) | Unknown | |
Corylus avellana (hazel) | Unknown | |
Corylus heterophylla (siberian hazel) | Unknown | |
Corymbia citriodora (lemon-scented gum) | Unknown | |
Cotinus coggygria (fustet) | Unknown | |
Cucumis melo (melon) | Unknown | |
Cucumis sativus (cucumber) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Cucurbita moschata (pumpkin) | Unknown | |
Cucurbita pepo (marrow) | Unknown | |
Cuminum cyminum (cumin) | Unknown | Özer and Bayraktar (2015) |
Cyclamen persicum (cyclamens) | Unknown | |
Cydonia oblonga (quince) | Other | |
Cymbidium | Other | |
Cynara cardunculus (cardoon) | Other | |
Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (globe artichoke) | Unknown | |
Cyphomandra betacea (tree tomato) | Unknown | |
Dahlia | Unknown | |
Dahlia pinnata (garden dahlia) | Habitat/association | |
Datura metel (Hindu datura) | Unknown | |
Daucus carota (carrot) | Unknown | |
Dendrobium catenatum | Other | |
Dianthus caryophyllus (carnation) | Other | |
Digera arvensis | Unknown | Kondaiah and Sreeramulu (2014) |
Digitalis lanata (Grecian foxglove) | Unknown | |
Diospyros (malabar ebony) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Diospyros kaki (persimmon) | Other | |
Echinacea purpurea (purple coneflower) | Unknown | |
Eleusine indica (goose grass) | Unknown | |
Ensete lasiocarpum | Other | |
Eriobotrya japonica (loquat) | Unknown | Mirhosseini and Babaeizad (2015) Mirhosseini et al. (2015) |
Euphorbia pulcherrima (poinsettia) | Unknown | Orlikowski and Ptaszek (2013) |
Ficus benghalensis (banyan) | Unknown | |
Ficus carica (common fig) | Other | |
Ficus microcarpa (Indian laurel tree) | Other | |
Foeniculum vulgare (fennel) | Other | |
Fragaria (strawberry) | Unknown | |
Fragaria ananassa (strawberry) | Other | |
Fraxinus excelsior (ash) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Galium aparine (cleavers) | Unknown | |
Gerbera jamesonii (African daisy) | Other | |
Glycine max (soyabean) | Unknown | |
Gossypium (cotton) | Unknown | |
Helianthus annuus (sunflower) | Other | |
Helianthus tuberosus (Jerusalem artichoke) | Unknown | |
Helianthus verticillatus | Unknown | |
Heliotropium indicum (Indian heliotrope) | Unknown | |
Hevea brasiliensis (rubber) | Other | |
Hordeum vulgare (barley) | Unknown | Agostinetto et al. (2020) Al-Sadi and Deadman (2010) |
Houttuynia cordata (chameleon-plant) | Other | |
Humulus lupulus (hop) | Unknown | |
Hydrangea paniculata (peegee hydrangea) | Unknown | |
Hylotelephium erythrostictum | Unknown | |
Hyoscyamus niger (black henbane) | Unknown | |
Hypericum perforatum (St John's wort) | Unknown | |
Idesia polycarpa (idesia) | Other | |
Ilex aquifolium (holly) | Other | |
Ilex crenata (Japanese holly) | Unknown | |
Ipomoea aquatica (swamp morning-glory) | Unknown | |
Ipomoea purpurea (tall morning glory) | Unknown | |
Jatropha curcas (jatropha) | Other | |
Juglans regia (walnut) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Lactuca sativa (lettuce) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Laurus nobilis (sweet bay) | Unknown | |
Lavandula (lavender) | Unknown | |
Lawsonia inermis (Egyptian privet) | Unknown | |
Lens culinaris | Unknown | |
Lens culinaris subsp. culinaris (lentil) | Unknown | |
Lepidium draba (hoary cress) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Leucadendron | Unknown | Bethencourt et al. (2001) |
Linum usitatissimum (flax) | Unknown | |
Litchi chinensis (lichi) | Unknown | |
Lonicera caerulea | Other | Mirzwa-Mróz et al. (2018) |
Luffa aegyptiaca (loofah) | Unknown | |
Lupinus albus (white lupine) | Unknown | El-Nagerabi and Elshafie (2000) |
Macrotyloma uniflorum (horsegram) | Unknown | |
Malus domestica (apple) | Other | |
Mangifera indica (mango) | Unknown | |
Medicago (medic) | Unknown | |
Medicago sativa (lucerne) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Mentha arvensis (Corn mint) | Unknown | |
Mentha piperita (Peppermint) | Other | |
Metasequoia glyptostroboides (water fir) | Unknown | |
Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) | Unknown | |
Morus (mulberrytree) | Unknown | |
Murraya koenigii (curry leaf tree) | Unknown | |
Musa (banana) | Other | |
Musa acuminata (wild banana) | Other | |
Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) | Unknown | |
Ocimum basilicum (basil) | Unknown | |
Ocimum gratissimum (African basil) | Unknown | |
Olea europaea | Unknown | |
Olea europaea subsp. europaea (European olive) | Unknown | |
Opuntia ficus-indica (prickly pear) | Unknown | Flores-Flores et al. (2013) |
Origanum vulgare (oregano) | Unknown | |
Oryza sativa (rice) | Unknown | |
Osmanthus | Other | |
Panax ginseng (Asiatic ginseng) | Unknown | |
Panicum virgatum | Other | |
Parthenium hysterophorus (parthenium weed) | Unknown | Kondaiah and Sreeramulu (2014) |
Pelargonium (pelargoniums) | Main | |
Pennisetum glaucum (pearl millet) | Unknown | |
Persea americana (avocado) | Unknown | |
Petunia | Unknown | |
Phaseolus coccineus (runner bean) | Unknown | |
Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean) | Unknown | |
Philodendron | Other | |
Phoenix dactylifera (date-palm) | Other | Ammar and El-Naggar (2011) |
Phyllanthus emblica (Indian gooseberry) | Unknown | |
Picea abies (common spruce) | Unknown | |
Pinellia ternata (east-African arum) | Unknown | |
Pinus (pines) | Unknown | |
Piper betle (betel pepper) | Unknown | |
Pistacia terebinthus (terebinth pistachio) | Unknown | López-Moral et al. (2018) |
Pistacia vera (pistachio) | Main | |
Pisum sativum (pea) | Unknown | |
Pityopsis ruthii (Ruth's golden aster) | Unknown | |
Plectranthus scutellarioides (coleus) | Unknown | |
Plumbago zeylanica | Unknown | Parashurama et al. (2013) |
Polyalthia longifolia (debdar) (garlic) | Other | |
Populus (poplars) | Unknown | |
Populus alba (silver-leaf poplar) | Unknown | Tomoshevich et al. (2013) |
Populus euphratica (Euphrates poplar) | Other | |
Prunus armeniaca (apricot) | Unknown | |
Prunus domestica (plum) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Prunus dulcis (almond) | Unknown | |
Prunus persica (peach) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Prunus pseudocerasus (chinese fruiting cherry) | Other | |
Prunus salicina (Japanese plum) | Main | |
Pteridium aquilinum (bracken) | Unknown | |
Punica granatum (pomegranate) | Other | |
Pyrus (pears) | Unknown | |
Pyrus communis (European pear) | Unknown | |
Quercus griffithii | Unknown | |
Quercus robur (common oak) | Unknown | Tomoshevich et al. (2013) |
Quercus serrata (glandbearing oak) | Unknown | |
Raphanus sativus (radish) | Unknown | |
Rauvolfia serpentina (snakewood) | Unknown | |
Rhaponticum repens (Russian knapweed) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Rhodiola sachalinensis | Unknown | |
Ricinus communis (castor bean) | Unknown | Kondaiah and Sreeramulu (2014) |
Rosa (roses) | Other | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Rosa damascena (Damask rose) | Other | |
Rosa hybrida | Unknown | |
Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) | Unknown | |
Rumex alpinus (alpine dock) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Rumex obtusifolius (broad-leaved dock) | Unknown | |
Rumex vesicarius | Wild host | |
Salix (willows) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Salvia dorisiana (fruit-scented sage) | Unknown | |
Salvia farinacea | Habitat/association | |
Salvia officinalis (common sage) | Unknown | |
Salvia splendens (scarlet sage) | Habitat/association | |
Schizophyllum commune (wood rot) | Unknown | |
Sesamum indicum (sesame) | Unknown | |
Shorea robusta (sal) | Unknown | |
Sida acuta (sida) | Unknown | Kondaiah and Sreeramulu (2014) |
Solanum lycopersicum (tomato) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Solanum melongena (aubergine) | Unknown | |
Solanum muricatum (melon pear) | Unknown | |
Solanum tuberosum (potato) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) |
Sorghum | Unknown | |
Sorghum bicolor (sorghum) | Other | |
Spathiphyllum | Unknown | |
Spinacia oleracea (spinach) | Other | |
Staphylea bumalda | Unknown | |
Swertia cordata | Other | |
Syringa oblata | Unknown | |
Tabebuia impetiginosa (white tabebuia) | Unknown | |
Tagetes erecta (Mexican marigold) | Other | |
Tagetes patula (French marigold) | Habitat/association | |
Tectona grandis (teak) | Unknown | |
Tilia cordata (small-leaf lime) | Unknown | Tomoshevich et al. (2013) |
Tinospora sinensis | Unknown | Kondaiah and Sreeramulu (2014) |
Trichosanthes kirilowii | Other | |
Trifolium alexandrinum (Berseem clover) | Unknown | |
Trifolium repens (white clover) | Unknown | |
Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) | Unknown | |
Triticum aestivum (wheat) | Unknown | Bagherabadi et al. (2015) Al-Sadi and Deadman (2010) Shazia and Iftikhar (2005) |
Typha latifolia (broadleaf cattail) | Unknown | Mazurkiewicz-Zapałowicz et al. (2011) |
Ulmus minor (European field elm) | Other | |
Vaccinium (blueberries) | Unknown | |
Vaccinium corymbosum (blueberry) | Unknown | |
Vicia faba (faba bean) | Unknown | |
Vigna aconitifolia (moth bean) | Unknown | |
Vigna umbellata (rice bean) | Unknown | |
Vitis vinifera (grapevine) | Unknown | Úrbez-Torres et al. (2006) |
Voandzeia subterranea (bambara groundnut) | Unknown | |
Withania coagulans | Other | |
Zanthoxylum piperitum | Other | |
Zea mays (maize) | Unknown | |
Zingiber officinale (ginger) | Unknown | |
Ziziphus jujuba (common jujube) | Other | |
Ziziphus mauritiana (jujube) | Main | |