Colletotrichum tropicale
Identity
- Preferred Scientific Name
- Colletotrichum tropicale Rojas, Rehner & Samuels
Pictures
Cultures
Colletotrichum tropicale; Cultures on PDA, 10 day growth from single conidia, from above and below - A. ICMP 18653 (ex CBS 124949 – ex-holotype culture). B. ICMP 18651 (ex CBS 124943). C. ICMP 18672 (ex MAFF 239933). - Image taken from The Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex. DOI:10.3114/sim0011
©Bevan Simon Weir, Peter R Johnston and Ulrike Damm/via Studies in Mycology - CC BY-NC-ND 3.0
Distribution
Host Plants and Other Plants Affected
| Host | Host status | References |
|---|---|---|
| Anacardium occidentale (cashew nut) | Main | Veloso et al. (2018) |
| Annona cherimola (cherimoya) | Main | García and Manzano (2017) |
| Annona muricata (soursop) | Main | Rojas et al. (2010), Álvarez et al. (2014), Costa et al. (2019) |
| Bauhinia forficata | Main | Souza Junior et al. (2021) |
| Carica papaya (pawpaw) | Main | Ruiz-Campos et al. (2022) |
| Cattleya labiata | Other | Silva-Cabral et al. (2019b) |
| Cattleya maikai | Other | Silva-Cabral et al. (2019b) |
| Coffea canephora (robusta coffee) | Main | Cao et al. (2019) |
| Copernicia prunifera | Main | Araújo et al. (2018) |
| Ficus binnendijkii var. variegata | Main | Kong et al. (2020) |
| Litchi chinensis (lichi) | Main | Weir et al. (2012) |
| Malpighia emarginata | Main | Takushi et al. (2018) |
| Mangifera indica (mango) | Main | Lima et al. (2013), Li et al. (2019), Tovar-Pedraza et al. (2020), Wu et al. (2020), Dela Cueva et al. (2021) |
| Manihot dichotoma | Other | Oliveira et al. (2016) |
| Manihot epruinosa | Other | Oliveira et al. (2016) |
| Manihot esculenta (cassava) | Unknown | Oliveira et al. (2020) |
| Morinda citrifolia (Indian mulberry) | Main | Ayvar-Serna (2018), Marques et al. (2021) |
| Musa (banana) | Main | Vieira et al. (2017) |
| Myrciaria cauliflora (jaboticaba) | Main | Taba et al. (2020) |
| Myrciaria dubia | Main | Matos et al. (2020) |
| Origanum vulgare (oregano) | Main | Ayvar-Serna et al. (2020) |
| Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa | Main | Silva et al. (2021) |
| Pentagonia macrophylla | Other | Doyle et al. (2013) |
| Persea americana (avocado) | Main | Fuentes-Aragón et al. (2020) |
| Punica granatum (pomegranate) | Main | Silva-Cabral et al. (2019a) |
| Sauropus androgynus | Other | Liu et al. (2018) |
| Theobroma cacao (cocoa) | Main | Rojas et al. (2010), Serrato-Diaz et al. (2020) |
| Virola surinamensis (banak) | Other | Doyle et al. (2013) |
Symptoms
Colletotrichum tropicale causes anthracnose on leaves and fruits. The anthracnose symptoms are the same as those caused by other Colletotrichum species. Infection on leaves produces irregular or rounded, necrotic lesions, brown to dark brown, which may expand and cause foliar distortion. On fruits, necrotic lesions are also brown to dark brown, usually rounded with the centre depressed; when the disease progress, acervuli and orange conidial masses are produced on the lesions.
Colletotrichum tropicale presents quiescent infection like most Colletotrichum species: the fungus penetrates plant organs and grows without causing symptoms (biotrophic phase); symptoms only appear when environmental conditions are favourable and/or the fruits are ripe (necrotrophic phase) (Jayawardena et al., 2021).
Although anthracnose occurs in various climates, high temperature and air humidity (as in tropical and subtropical regions) are favourable for the pathogen. Disease progress is faster under these conditions, and outbreaks occur during the rainy season. Generally, anthracnose is not a problem under dry conditions (Agrios, 2005).
List of Symptoms/Signs
| Symptom or sign | Life stages | Sign or diagnosis |
|---|---|---|
| Plants/Fruit/lesions: black or brown | ||
| Plants/Fruit/mummification | ||
| Plants/Inflorescence/blight; necrosis | ||
| Plants/Inflorescence/lesions; flecking; streaks (not Poaceae) | ||
| Plants/Leaves/abnormal forms | ||
| Plants/Leaves/necrotic areas | ||
| Plants/Vegetative organs/surface lesions or discoloration |
Prevention and Control
Control
Information about the management of C. tropicale is lacking. Although chemical control is the most commonly used method for prevention or control of anthracnose, no studies have been carried out in the field to evaluate the most effective fungicide for control of C. tropicale.
On the basis of in vitro studies carried out by Lima et al. (2015) and Veloso et al. (2021), thiophanate-methyl was the most effective fungicide in reducing mycelial growth of C. tropicale. However, it is necessary to investigate whether this fungicide remains effective when applied in the field.
Veloso et al. (2021) detected significant inhibition of the rate of mycelial growth for C. tropicale under low temperatures in vitro. Moreover, Lima et al. (2015) evaluated the effect of temperature on anthracnose lesions caused by C. tropicale and four other species on mango fruits. Anthracnose symptoms only developed at temperatures above 10°C. These results indicate that fruit storage under low temperatures can delay symptom development and increase the shelf-life of the fruit.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © CABI. CABI is a registered EU trademark. This article is published under a Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
History
Published online: 4 April 2023
Language
English
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
SCITE_
Citations
Export citation
Select the format you want to export the citations of this publication.
EXPORT CITATIONSExport Citation
View Options
View options
Get Access
Login Options
Check if you access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.