Code
SIDRH
Growth form
broadleaf
Biological cycle
perennial
Habitat
terrestrial
synonym | Diadesma rhombifolia (L.) Raf. |
synonym | Malva rhombifolia (L.) E.H.L.Krause |
synonym | Napaea rhombifolia (L.) Moench |
synonym | Sida adjusta Marais |
synonym | Sida alba Cav. |
synonym | Sida andicola Gand. |
synonym | Sida compressa Wall. |
synonym | Sida hondensis Kunth |
synonym | Sida insularis Hatus. |
synonym | Sida pringlei Gand. |
synonym | Sida rhombifolia subsp. insularis (Hatus.) Hatus. |
synonym | Sida rhombifolia subsp. rhombifolia |
synonym | Sida rhombifolia var. canescens DC. |
synonym | Sida rhombifolia var. guazumifolia K. Schum. |
synonym | Sida rhombifolia var. rhomboidea (Roxb. ex Fleming) Mast. |
synonym | Sida rhomboidea Roxb. ex Fleming [Spelling variant] |
synonym | Sida ruderata Macfad. |
synonym | Sida unicornis Marais |
English |
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French |
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Other |
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Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Mayotte : Sida rhombifolia flowers from November to May and fruits from Decembre to July.
New Caledonia: Seeds of Sida rhombifolia germinate from the first rains and throughout the rainy season. The seedlings are rapidly established and growth is slowed in the fresh season but restarts as soon as the conditions are favorable. Flowering and fruiting take place over much of the year with a peak of fruiting at the beginning of the rainy season.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
The species S. rhombifolia L. can be easily confused with S. rhombifolia subsp. alnifolia. It is distinguished by narrower leaves (4-12 mm), shorter flower stalks (7-28 mm), and a calyx with ciliated margin and less mericarps (6-7).
Lamina with cordiform base | Pubescent stem | S. urens | ||
Stem with glandular hairs (sticky plant) | S. glabra | |||
Tomentose stem | S. cordifolia | |||
Lamina with wedged base | long petiole | lamina with flat venation, dark green | M. coromandelianum | |
lamina with venation slightly marked, pale green | S. alba | |||
short petiole | Phyllotaxy disticous, lanceolate lamina, pedicel as long as petiole | S. acuta | ||
Phyllotaxy helical, elliptic or oboval lamina pedicel longer than petiole |
Width of lamina < 1,2 cm | S. rhombifolia | ||
width of lamina : 1 to 3 cm | S. rhombifolia subsp. alnifolia |
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Sida rhombifolia is a persistent, semiwoody weed common in pastures, roadsides, waste areas and short- and long-season crops through tropical and subtropical regions. Plants grow best in non-disturbed sites but are also found in cultivated land. Able to grow in many soil types and from fertile to degraded conditions.
Sunny or lightly shaded sites, not too humid. Prefers meadows and roadsides, lawns, coconut groves. From 0 to 2000 m altitude. In areas with distinct seasons or not. Rice fields and in altitude. Ruderal species common in fields and along roadsides.
French Guiana: Sida rhombifolia is common on roadsides and in ruderal areas.
Madagascar: Frequently on the edges of fields, abundance is often indicative of compacted soil. Grows on tanety and baiboho.
Mauritius: This species is very rare in Mauritius and has not been found in crops.
Mayotte: Sida rhombifolia is an exotic species widely naturalized in secondarized environments of mesophilic and hygrophilic areas. It is found in crops, wastelands, pastures and villages.
New Caledonia: A very common ruderal and weed species of improved crops and pasture. The species is also frequently found in degraded dry forest. It tolerates a wide variety of soils and climates (tropical to warm temperate).
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | dummy |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY_SA |
References |
Global harmfulness
Sida rhombifolia becomes dominant after over grazing in the meadows. It is dangerous for cattle because of these fibers that form balls in their intestine. Nuts are also dangerous for poultry (mechanical effect).
Local harmfulness
Australia: Sida rhombifolia is a pantropical weed widespreads in pastures in eastern and northern Australia.
Benin: Rare and scarce.
Burkina Faso: Rare and scarce.
Ivory Coast: Frequent and scarce.
French Guiana: It is infrequent and not very abundant in the vegetable and fruit crops of French Guiana.
Mali: Frequent and scarce.
Mauritius: This species is very rare in Mauritius and has not been found in crops.
Mayotte: Sida rhombifolia is an uncommon weed, present in 1% of cultivated plots. It develops in fruit crops and ylang plantations, especially in the north of the island.
Nigeria: Rare and scarce.
New Caledonia: It was first recorded in Caledonian territory in 1774. It is now a perennial ruderal plant and a very common weed of improved crops and pasture especially where it can be a serious competitor for light and soil minerals. Aida rhombifolia is not appreciated by the cattle but well consumed by the deer. In the infested zone, the soil contains a large number of seeds (more than 900 000 per ha).
Uganda: Frequent and usually abundant.
Senegal: Frequent and scarce.
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | Wiktrop |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
In grassland, mowing only gives temporary control of Sida species and in arable land the deep, woody tap root makes control by cultivation difficult. Young seedlings can be killed by spraying 2,4-D or MPCA but resistance to these herbicides increase rapidly with age and formulations containing dicamba or picloram are needed to control established plants. Pre-emergence treatment with substituted ureas or triazines is effective in a variety of crop. Management options: http://www.afroweeds.org/network/pg/file/read/1902/general-guidelines-for-weed-management-in-lowland-rice
For weeding Advice broadleaf perennial weeds of irrigated rice and lowland in Africa, visit:
Local control
Madagascar: Sida rhombifolia is a slightly harmful species in general. Manual weeding is very difficult because of the very powerful rooting. Chemically, sidas are controlled by atrazine, diuron or oxadiazon preemergence, and 2,4-D or glyphosate on young plants. Adult plants are relatively tolerant to these herbicides.
New Caledonia: The control methods for Sida rhombifolia are similar to the other Sida species. Manual removal, weeding under the surface of the ground, also make it possible to obtain good results. Slashing with rotary cutters is effective only if it is carried out under the breeding crown. Otherwise, there will be many regrowths. Slashing can be supplemented by spraying herbicide (2,4-D) on 2-week regrowths at the beginning of the rainy season. Some insects are effective biocontrol agents on different Sida species such as the beetles Calligrapha felina, C. pantherina and Acanthoscelides brevipes.
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Sida%2520rhombifolia
Attributions | |
Contributors | |
Status | UNDER_CREATION |
Licenses | CC_BY |
References |
Root | Root |
Kingdom | Plantae |
Phylum | Tracheophyta |
Class | Magnoliopsida |
Order | Malvales |
Family | Malvaceae |
Genus | Sida |
Species | Sida rhombifolia L. |