Code
MAXCH
Growth form
Broadleaf
Biological cycle
Annual
Habitat
Terrestrial
🗒 Synonyms
| synonym | Clinopodium chamaedrys Vahl |
| synonym | Hyptis chamaedrys (Vahl) Willd. |
| synonym | Hyptis inflata Spreng. |
| synonym | Hyptis lurida Spreng. |
| synonym | Hyptis pseudochamaedrys Poit. |
| synonym | Marsypianthes arenosa Brandegee |
| synonym | Marsypianthes chamaedrys var. genuina Kuntze, nom. inval. |
| synonym | Marsypianthes hyptoides Mart. ex Benth., nom. illeg. |
| synonym | Marsypianthes hyptoides var. arenosa Benth. |
| synonym | Marsypianthes hyptoides var. bracteosa Benth. |
| synonym | Marsypianthes hyptoides var. calycina Benth. |
| synonym | Marsypianthes hyptoides var. elatior Benth. |
| synonym | Marsypianthes hyptoides var. eriocephala Benth. |
| synonym | Marsypianthes hyptoides var. umbrosa Benth. |
| synonym | Marsypianthes secundiflora M.Martens & Galeotti |
| synonym | Marsypianthes sessiliflora C.Presl |
| synonym | Marsypianthes viscosa Klotzsch, nom. nud. |
🗒 Common Names
| Creoles and pidgins; French-based |
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| English |
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| Spanish; Castilian |
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📚 Overview
Description
Global description
Marsypianthes chamaedrys is a prostrate or erect annual herbaceous plant that can grow up to 70 cm high. It is entirely viscous and sticky to the touch. The stem, buds and leaves are covered with hairs. The stem is quadrangular, it roots easily at the nodes allowing the vegetative propagation of the plant. The leaves are simple and opposite. The inflorescence is a pedicelate glomerulus in the leaf axils. The flowers are small and purple in colour.
General habit
Small upright and then decumbent plant, up to 70 cm high.
Underground system
Fibrous taproot and the possibility of adventitious roots at the nodes of the stem on the ground.
Stem
The stem is solid and quadrangular and hairy. Like all the aerial part of this plant, the stem is viscous, sticky.
Leaf
The leaves are simple, opposite and carried by a 0.5 to 2 cm long petiole. They are oval in shape, sometimes deltoid. The apex of the leaf blade is at an angle of almost 90%, it is slightly acute with a rather blunt tip. The base of the leaf blade is truncated then attenuated at the petiole. The margin of the leaf blade is crenellated or sharply toothed with blunt teeth. On both sides of the leaf blade there is a high level of hairiness which is clearly visible on the upper side. The veins of the leaf blade are alternately pinnate.
Inflorescence
The inflorescence is an axillary glomerulus bearing 3 to 9 flowers. Each glomerulus is carried by a peduncle 0.5 to 4 cm long and has at its base linear lanceolate leaf bracts with an acute apex which does not extend beyond the top of the glomerulus.
Flower
Purple flowers are bisexual. They are carried by a short pedicel (2 mm). The calyx consists of 4 widely oval sepals with acuminate apex and very pubescent, viscous, purplish-green sepals. The corolla is bilabiate: the upper lip has 2 lobes and the lower lip 3 lobes. The petals are fused at the base in a straight tube 5 mm long. Each flower bears 4 stamens and 1 pistil.
Fruit
Fruits are groups of 4 achenes or more precisely 4 nucules.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
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No Data
📚 Nomenclature and Classification
No Data
📚 Natural History
Cyclicity
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Marsypianthes chamaedrys is an annual plant that reproduces by seed. It can also have a vivacious behaviour as it produces roots at the nodes.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
Ecology
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Colombia: Present from 50 to 1950 m elevation.
French Guiana: Marsypianthes chamaedrys develops in rather humid and strongly anthropized places. It is found at low altitude. It is a very common species in ruderal areas, also found on the dikes of the Mana rice polder.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Habitat and Distribution
Description
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Origin
Marsypianthes chamaedrys is native to Colombia and South America.
Worldwide distribution
It is present in the United States, Mexico, the West Indies (Guadeloupe and Martinique) and South America (Guyana, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Trinidad & Tobago). It has been observed in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Occurrence
No Data
📚 Demography and Conservation
Risk Statement
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Local harmfulness
French Guiana: Marsypianthes chamaedrys is occasionally to frequently present (33%) in vegetable crops and fruit plots in French Guiana. It is rarely abundant and therefore not very problematic.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Uses and Management
Uses
Medicinal: In French Guiana, the Creoles use Marsypianthes chamaedrys as an infusion from the stems and leaves, either as a refreshing and digestive drink or to relieve intestinal pain. The same infusion would also be laxative. This species is also used by the Palikur as a remedy for headaches. The aerial parts are prepared as a decoction that is drunk or used to wash the forehead.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Management
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Local control
French Guiana: The control of Marsypianthes chamaedrys is done by hoeing.
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
📚 Information Listing
Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF)
There is content in another language. Please click here to read it. (Français)
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
References
- Le Bourgeois, T. (2018). Analyse des enherbements des cultures maraichères et fruitières de Guyane, 23 septembre - 5 octobre 2018. Montpellier, France, Cirad: 56
- Berton, A. (2020). Flore spontanée des cultures maraichères et fruitières de Guyane. Guide de reconnaissance des 140 adventices les plus communes des parcelles cultivées. Cayenne, Guyane, FREDON Guyane: 186.https://portal.wiktrop.org/document/show/173
Information Listing > References
- Le Bourgeois, T. (2018). Analyse des enherbements des cultures maraichères et fruitières de Guyane, 23 septembre - 5 octobre 2018. Montpellier, France, Cirad: 56
- Berton, A. (2020). Flore spontanée des cultures maraichères et fruitières de Guyane. Guide de reconnaissance des 140 adventices les plus communes des parcelles cultivées. Cayenne, Guyane, FREDON Guyane: 186.https://portal.wiktrop.org/document/show/173
Images
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Herbarium pictures ReCOLNAT: https://explore.recolnat.org/search/botanique/simplequery=Marsypianthes%2520chamaedrys
Thomas Le Bourgeois
| Attributions | |
| Contributors | |
| Status | UNDER_CREATION |
| Licenses | CC_BY |
| References |
No Data
🐾 Taxonomy
| Root | Root |
| Kingdom | Plantae |
| Phylum | Tracheophyta |
| Class | Magnoliopsida |
| Order | Lamiales |
| Family | Lamiaceae |
| Genus | Marsypianthes |
| Species | Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl) Kuntze |
📊 Temporal Distribution
📷 Related Observations
