Carduus L.

Native to:

Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Altay, Amur, Austria, Azores, Baleares, Baltic States, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Buryatiya, Canary Is., Central European Rus, China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast, Chita, Corse, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, East Aegean Is., East European Russia, Egypt, Ethiopia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Gulf States, Hungary, Inner Mongolia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Irkutsk, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Khabarovsk, Kirgizstan, Korea, Krasnoyarsk, Kriti, Krym, Kuwait, Lebanon-Syria, Libya, Madeira, Mongolia, Morocco, Nepal, Netherlands, North Caucasus, North European Russi, Northwest European R, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Poland, Portugal, Primorye, Qinghai, Romania, Sardegna, Saudi Arabia, Sicilia, Sinai, South European Russi, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tadzhikistan, Tibet, Transcaucasus, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkey-in-Europe, Turkmenistan, Tuva, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, West Himalaya, West Siberia, Xinjiang, Yakutskiya, Yugoslavia

Introduced into:

Alabama, Alberta, Arizona, Arkansas, Bolivia, British Columbia, California, Cape Provinces, Chatham Is., Colorado, District of Columbia, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, India, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, KwaZulu-Natal, Louisiana, Manitoba, Maryland, Mexico Northwest, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Brunswick, New Jersey, New Mexico, New South Wales, New York, Newfoundland, Norfolk Is., North Carolina, North Dakota, Northern Provinces, Nova Scotia, Ohio, Oklahoma, Ontario, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Queensland, Québec, Rhode I., Saskatchewan, South Australia, South Carolina, South Dakota, Sri Lanka, Tasmania, Tennessee, Texas, Uruguay, Utah, Vermont, Victoria, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Western Australia, Wisconsin, Wyoming

POWO follows these authorities in accepting this name:

• Roskov Y. & al. (eds.) (2018). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life Naturalis, Leiden, the Netherlands.

Flora of West Tropical Africa

• —F.T.A. 3: 433.

Flora Zambesiaca

• C. Jeffrey in Kew Bull. 22: 123 (1968).
• Gen. Pl., ed. 5: 358 (1754).
• Kazmi in Mitt. Bot. Staatss. Münch. 5: 139–198 (1963)
• Kazmi in Mitt. Bot. Staatss. Münch. 5: 279–550 (1964).
• Sp. Pl. 2: 820 (1753)

Flora of Tropical East Africa

• C. Jeffrey in K.B. 22: 123 (1968)
• K. Bremer, Asteraceae Clad. & Class.: 143 (1994)
• Kazmi in Mitt. Bot. Staats. München 5: 296 (1964)
• R.E. Fr. in Acta Horti Berg. 8: 11–44 (1923)
• Sp. Pl.: 820 (1753)