Types Of Tree Species In Indonesia #13 Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis)
Pohon Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis)
Gaharu is an aromatic substance in the form of clumps of light brown to black that exist between the wooden cells. Plants that can produce gaharu is called Gaharu Tree. Gaharu Tree Distribution in Asia such as in India, Laos, Burma, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Indonesia. While in Indonesia alone Gaharu Tree spread on the island of Irian, Sumarta, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara, Maluku and a little in West Java.
The type of Gaharu Tree and its spreading in Indonesia are:
- Aquilaria malaccensis (Sumatra and Kalimantan)
- Aquilaria beccariana (Sumatra and Kalimantan)
- Aquilaria microcarpa (Sumatra and Kalimantan)
- Aquilaria filaria (Irian and Maluku)
- Aquilaria cumingiana (Sulawesi)
- Aquilaria tomntosa (Irian)
- Grynops audate and Grynops podocarpus (Irian)
- Grynops versteegii (Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, Sulawesi and Irian)
- Wikstoemia androsaemifolia (Java, Kalimantan, Nusa Tenggara, and Sulawesi).
And many more some species of Gaharu-producing trees scattered in the depth of the forest in Indonesia.
From some species of gaharu-producing trees above, trees from the Aquilaria clan have higher economic value and the most hunted is Aquilaria malaccensis because the gaharu produced has excellent quality.
Daun Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis)
The Benefits of Agarwood
Gaharu contains essens called oil essens (essential oil) which can be made by the extraction or distillation of gaharu pig. Essens gaharu is used as a fixative of various types of perfumes, cosmetics and herbal medicines. In addition, powder or ash from gaharu is used as a material for making incense / hio and aroma therapy powder.
Gaharu tree leaves can be made into gaharu tree leaf tea that helps body fitness. Active compounds for phosphoryl contained in gaharu tree leaves can suppress the central nervous system causing a calming effect, gaharu tea is also powerful as an anti-motion drug.
Pohon Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis)
How to Plant and Maintenance
Planting begins by making a planting hole with a depth of 30 cm, length and width of the hole 30 cm. After the hole is made, fill the hole with organic fertilizer mature until the depth of the hole leaves 15 cm. Then sprinkle 1 tbsp of akarisida (furadan, marshal, or rugby) to protect the crop from the attack of the dog (orong-orong), gasir, and other pests that live on the ground. After sowing akarisida, plant seeds removed from polybags and keep the soil in polybags do not break.
Bibit Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis)
Feed the seeds with a minimum height of 30 cm to the hole and hole diurug with soil mixed with organic fertilizer with a ratio of 1: 1. After the hole closed by the soil, sprinkle akarisida around the plant as much as 1 tbsp then sprinkle with water. Keep the plants get enough water and do not get submerged in water during the rainy season.