Re - 1982-10

o r
Crescent'
Lufkin
Nicholson
Plumb
Weller;Wiss
Xcelite
Take a good look round this ad and
you'll agree that "All together" is no
exaggerat ion. Whether you're making
or mending, cutting or joining, striking,
measuri ng or stripping, there'sa Cooper
tool that'sjust right for the job. Don't t a k ~
chances on tools . Spec ify Cooper
and get 'em right the first time!
Lufkin
The Cooper Group PO Box 728 Apex NC 27502 USA Tel (919) 362-7510 Telex 579497
~
CIRCLE 8 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
The best 60MHz scope
costs only $1100.
It's from Kikusui.
That's right. Only $1100 for Kikusul'stop-of-the- line 5060 model oscilloscope. And we also have
four other scopes for as low as $600 in our new 5000 Series.
Not only that, we're offeri ng a two year wa rranty on each of them, compared to other big
name companies' limited one year warranties.
When it comes to performance, our 5000 Serieshas the edge over the Tektronix 2200 Series
in lab qual ity, chop freq uency, and trigger view. Oursalso have more display modes, higher
acceleration for better brightness, and sharper focus for better resol ution.
Each scope in our 5000 Series is crafted so that it can be used for production, field service,
consumer electronics servicing, or even personal use.The 5060 is a 60MHzscope with 3 chan-
nels, eight traces,delayed sweep, delay line and alternate sweep, and priced at $1100.Models
5040 and 5041 are 40MHz, dual channel scopes, featuring peak-to-peak automatic trigger-
ing, automatic focu s control and a delay line. If you're interested in a 20MHz scope, we have
our 5020 and 5021 modelswith features similar to our 40MHzscopes. Both the 5041 and 5021
a lso have delayed sweep. Prices at $920 for the 5041, $795 for the 5040, $690 for the 5021
and $595 for the 5020. So, whatever model suitsyou best, you can't get a better scope for
the money.
Of course, there'sa reason we' re able to offer these bargai ns and quali ty.We' re one of the
biggest manufacturersof scopes inthe world, withover 30 years in the business. Another reason
is KIK's nationwide network of lab qual ity maintenance facilities.
Write us and we'll send complete spec ifications back to you. Or just take a little time to call
us. It's a smal l price to pay to get big time quality and service.
Order Toll Free 800-421-5334
1t3IKikusu,- 17819 S. Figueroa Street. Gardena. Ca lif. 90248
Phones: Ca lif" Al aska. Hawa ii (213) 515-6432
"PNX: 910-346-7648
INTERNATI ONAL CORP. .. In Canada call : Interfax Systems. Inc. (514) 366-0392
Subsdlaty ot Klkusui Electronics Corp . 3 1175 Shinmol\Jko-HlgaShI. Nok obcru-ku. KO'NOSOkiOty. Japan (044 ) 4110111
Order Toll Free
800-421-5334
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Why use their flexible discs:
BASF, Control Data, Dysan, IBM, Kybe, Maxell,
Nashua, Scotch, Syncom, Verbatim or Wabash
when you could be using
MEMOREX
high qualitv error free discs?
Product Description
8" SSSD IBM Compatible (128 B/S, 26 Sectors)
8" SSSD Shugart Compatible, 32 Hard Sector
8" SSSD CPT 8000 Compatible, Soft Sector
8" SSDD IBM Compat ible (128 B/S, 26 Sectors)
8" DSDD Soft Sector (Unformatted)
8" DSDD Soft Sector (128 B/S, 26 Sectors)
8" DSDD Soft Sector (1 024 B/S, 8 Sectors)
5%" SSDD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring
5%" SSDD 10 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring
5114" SSDD 16 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring
5%" DSDD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring
5%" DSDD 10 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring
5%" DSDD 16 Hard Sector w/Hub Ring
5114" SSDD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring (96 TPI)
5%" DSDD Soft Sector w/Hub Ring (96 TPI)
SSSD = Single Sided Single Densit y; SSDD = Singl e Sided Double Density
DSDD = Double Sided Double Density; TPI = Tr ac ks pe r inch
Part #
3062
3015
3045
3090
3102
3115
3103
3114
3104
3481
3483
3485
3491
3493
3495
3504
3501
CE quant.
100 price
per disc ($)
2.09
2.09
2.99
2.74
3.34
3.34
3.34
3.34
3.34
2.34
2.34
2.34
3.09
3.09
3.09
2.99
3.99
Memorex Flexible Discs...The Ultimate in Memory Excellence
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Free Memorex Mini-Di sc OHer - Save 10%
Every carto n of 10 Memorex 5V. inch mini-di scs sold by
Communicat ions Electr oni cs, now has a coupon good
for a fr ee Memorex mini -di sc. For every case of 100
Memore x mini-discs you buy from CE, you' ll get 10 free
mini-discs direc tly from Memorex. There is no limit to
the number of discs you can purchase on t his spec ial
offe r. This offer is good only in the U.S.A. and ends on
December 31 , 1982.
Quali ty
Memo rex means Quality products that you can depe nd
on. Quality co ntrol at Memorex means starting wit h the
best materials available and continual survei llance
t hroughout t he entire manufacturing process . The ben-
efit of Memorex's years of experience in magnetic
media production, resulting, for instance, in proprieta ry
coat ing formul at ions. The most sop histicated testing
proce dures you' ll fi nd anywhere in the business.
100 Percent Error Free
Each and every Memorex Flexibl e Disc is certif ied t o be
100 percent error free. Each track of eac h flex ible di sc
is tested, individually, to Memorex's st ringent standards
of exce llence. They test signal amplit ude, resolution,
low-pass modulati on, overwrite, missing pulse error
and extra pulse error. Rigi d Quality audits are built into
every step of the manufacturi ng process and stringent
testing result in a standard of exce llence that assures
you, our customer, of a Quality product designed for
increased reliability and consistent top performance.
Customer-Ori ented Packagi ng
The desk-top box containing ten discs is convenient for
fili ng and storage. Both box label s and jacket labels
provide full informati on on compatibility, density, sec-
toring, and record length. Envel opes with mult i-lan-
guage care and handli ng inst ructions and and color-
coded removabl e label s are includ ed. A wr ite- protec t
feat ure is availab le to provi de data secu rity.
Full One Year War ranty- You r Assurance of Quality
Memorex Fl exi bl e Discs will be replaced free of charge
by Memorex ilthey are found to be defective in material s
orworkmanshlp wit hin one year olthe date of purchase.
Other t han replace ment, Memo rex wi ll not be respon-
sible for any damages or losses(i ncluding conseq uential
damages) caused by t he use of Memorex Flexible
Discs.
Quantity Di scount. Avail abl e
Memorex Flexibl e Discs are packed 10 di scs t o a carton
and 10 cartons t o a case. Please order only i n incr ements
of 100 units for quanti ty 100 pricing. We are also wi lli ng to
accommodate your smaller orders. Quantities less tha n
100 units are available i n increments of 10 units at a 10%
surcharge. Quantity di scounts are also available. Order
500 or more discs at the same ti meand deduct 1%; 1,000
or more saves you 2%; 2,000 or more saves you 3%: 5,000
or more saves you 4%; 10,000 or more saves you 5%;
25,000 or more saves you 6%; 50,000 or more saves you
7% and 100,000 or more discs earns you an 8% discount
off our supe r low quantity 100 price. Almost all Memorex
Flexib le Discs are immediate ly available from CEo Our
ware house facili t ies are equippe d to help us get you the
quality product you need, when you need it. If you need
furt her assistance to fi nd the flexible disc t hat's right for
you, call the Memorex compatibility hotlin e. Dial toll -free
800-538-8080 and askforthe flexible disc hotline extension
0997 . In Californi a dial 800-872-3525 extension 0997.
Outside the U.S.A. dial 408-987-0997.
Buy with Confidence
To get the fastest delivery from CE of your Memorex
Flexible Discs, send or phone your order directly to our
Computer Products Division. Be sure to calculate your
price usi ng the CE prices in this ad. Michigan reside nts
please add 4% sales tax. Written purc hase orders are
accepted from approved gove rnment agencies and most
well rated firms at a 30% surcharge for net 30 billing. All
sales are subject to availability, accepta nce and verificat ion.
All sales are f inal. Prices, terms and specifications are
subject to change without notice. Out of stock itemswill be
placed on backorder automatically unl essCEis instructed
different ly. Mini mum prepaid order S50.00. Mini mum
purchase order S200 .OO. Int ernational orders are invit ed
wit h a $20 .00 surcharge for specia l handling in addition to
shipping charges. All shipments are EO.B. Ann Arbo r,
Mic higa n. No COD's please . Non-certltled and foreign
checks require bank clearance.
Mail orders to: Communicat ion s El ectr onics, Box 1002,
Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 U.S.A Add S8.00 per case or
partial-case of 100 a-roof discs or .S6.00 per case or partial
caseof 100 5Y4- jnch mini-discsfor U.P.S. ground shipping and
handling in the continental U.S.A If you have a Master Cardor
Visacard. you may call anytimeand place a credit card order.
Order toll-free in the U.S. Dial 800-521-4414. If you are
outside t he U.S. or in Michigan, diaI3 13-994-4444. Order your
high Quality, error free Memorex discs today.
Ccpynghl -Hl82 Commu niCahons EIKt ror..ce '" Ad _051782
Free disc offer
Save 10%
Order Toll-Free!
(800) 521-4414
In Michigan (313) 994-4444
For Data Rellabillty-Memorex Flexible Discs

&ELECTRONICS
Computer Products Division
854 Phoenix 0 Box 1002 0 Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 U.S.A
Call TOLL-FREE (800 ) 521-4414 or ou tlld. U.S. A. (313) GD4-4444
2 CIRCLE 14 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
ildi8-
Ilealrania.
THE MAGAZINE FOR NEW
IDEAS IN ELECTRONICS
Electronics publishers since 1908 October 1982 Vol. 53 No. 10
BUILD THIS 135 PICTURE PHONE
Part 3. Winding up the theory and beginning construction.
Josef Bernard
TECHNOLOGY 4 VIDEO ELECTRONICS
Tomorrow's news and technology in this quickly changing industry.
David Lachenbruch
14 SATELLITE TV NEWS
The latest happenings in communications technology.
Gary H. Arlen
148 STATE OF SOLID STATE
A low-distortion, high-output op-amp. Robert F. Scott
CIRCUITS AND 39 BUBBLE MEMORIES
COMPONENTS
How those high-density storage devices work. Robert F. Scott
143 NEW IDEAS
DMM add-on.
144 HOBBY CORNER
Audio oscillator contest results. Earl " Doc" Savage, K4SDS
VIDEO 150 SERVICE CLINIC
Derating components. Jack Darr
152 SERVICE QUESTIONS
R-E' Service Editor solves technicians' problems.
Jack Darr
RADIO
146 COMMUNICATIONS CORNER
Reading the mail. Herb Friedman
DEPARTMENTS 12 Advertisi ng and Sales Offic es
186 Advertising Index
158 Books
12 Editorial
187 Free Information Card
43 YOUR OWN COMPUTER: HARDWARE, Marc Stern
RadiO-Elect ronics, (ISSN 0033-7862) Published monthly
by Gernsback Publications, Inc., 200 Park Avenue South.
New York, NY 10003. Second-Class Postage Paid at New
York, N.Y. andadditional mailingoffices. One-year subscrip-
tion rate: U.S.A. and U.S. possessions. 513.00, Canada,
516.00. Other countries, 520.50 (cash orders only, payable
in U.S.A. currency.) Single copies 51.25. l:l 1982 by Gerns-
back Publications. Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.
SUbsc r iption Serv ic e: Mail all subsc ript ion orders ,
changes, correspondence and Postmaster Notices of un-
delivered copies (Form 3579) to Radio-Electronics Sub-
scription Service, Box 2520, Boulder. CO 80322.
A stamped self-addressed envelope must accompany all
submitted manuscripts and/or artwork or photographs if their
return is desired should they be rejected. We disclaim any
responsibility for the loss or damage of manuscripts and/or
artworkor photographswhile in our possession or otherwise.
BUBBLE MEMORIES COMBINE the read/write
features of RAM with the non-volatility of ROM,
and approach tape and disk systems in storage
capacity. Find out how they work and how
they're used starting on page 39.
" U" - SHAPED
ALUMINUM
HEATSINK
DERATINGCIRCUIT-COMPONENTScan extend
their life and make the equipment In which
they 're used more reliable. This month's Service
Clinic covers that topic, beginning on page 150.
Due to lack of space we are unable to Include
Part 2 of the "Heart-a-Malle " In this issue. It will
appear next month.
ON THE COVER
Microcomputers-for the home and
for business--eome in all sizes and
prices. You can pay as little as $100
(or less!) or as much as $6000 (or
more). To help you make an in-
telligent choice in selecting a com-
puter that meets both your needs
and your budget, our Special Sec-
tion, "Your Own Computer," groups
computers and computer systems
by price. Also included are de-
scriptions of software and services
that you may find useful. And, to
round things out, there's a discus-
sion of 8-bit vs. 16-bit computers.
" Your Own Computer" starts on
page 43.
22 Letter s
160 Market Center
152 New Products
6 What 's News
106 $4500-$6000
85 $2500-3000
91 $3000-$3500
97 $3500-$4000
104 $4000-$4500
28 Weston 6500-series DMM's
32 Radio Shack Micronta Microwave-Leakage Detector
YOUR OWN COMPUTER: SOFTWARE, Herb Friedman
53 $500-$1000
60 $1000-$1500
73 $1500-$2000
78 $2000-$2500
45 $100-$500
131 Dial -up Software Networks
122 Software for the Home
127 Telecommunicat ions
113 Games and Leisure Time
111 8 Bits vs. 16 Bits , Josef Bernard
EQUIPMENT
REPORTS
SPECIAL FEATURE
As a service to readers, Radio-Electron ics publi shes available' pl ans or infor mation relating to newswort hy products , techn iques and scient ifi c and technological development s.
Because of pos sibl e variances in t he quality and condition of materia ls and workma nship used by readers, Radio-Electronics disclaims any responsibility for the safe and proper
functioning of reader-bu ilt projec ts based upon or fr om plans or infor mati on publi shed in this magazine.
VIDEO ELECTRONICS
DAVID LACHENBRUCH
CONTRIBUTING EDITOR
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COMPO
BOXSCORE
MINI-VHS
As I've been predicting the last few months, this is the year for introduction of component TV.
This fall , nearly a dozen brand names are planning to get into the act-not all of them
traditional TV makers, by any means. Hi-fi manufacturers are going video, following the lead
of Fisher , and most of them are choosing the component approach , naturally enough. Even
such relatively small firms as NAD and Proton are planning video-component outfits , both
built around the same 19-inch color monitor, the former to sell it through audio dealers, the
latter at department stores. Jensen, see photo, is entering video in a big way, with both 19-
and 25-inch monitors , a TV-FM-AM receiver accessory, and one without AM-FM. Pioneer
also has two screen sizes, and claims that its 25-inch monitor has 400 lines of horizontal
resolution, the highest promised by any manufacturer. NEC, known in this country primarily
as a manufacturer of professiqnal video, has color monitors in five screen sizes, along with all
associated components. Among traditional TV manufacturers, you'll find Mitsubishi , Pan-
asonic . Sanyo, Teknika , Zenith and, of course, Sony represented in the component sweep-
stakes .
There 's no agreement on what each video component should include, so there's a wide
difference in products. In most cases , the remote-control tuner is combined with a switcher as
a "tuner-controller," but some offer them separately. Monitors can include: (1) No audio. (2)
Mono amplifier and speaker. (3) Mono amplifier and no speaker. (4) Stereo ampl ifier and no
speakers. (5) Stereo amplif ier and one speaker. (6) Stereo amplifier and two speakers. All , of
course , have output jacks for separate audio systems.
Some manufactu rers have chosen not to go all the way to components, but to offer products
which can be used either as components or complete sets. RCA highlights that group, with its
SelectaVision line of "monitor-receivers," highlighted by a 25-inch table model which seems
to be all screen and is smaller than many 19-inch sets. It contains side-firing stereo speakers,
a tuning panel just above the picture tube (and by infrared remote) , and a group of video and
audio input and output jacks. The remote-control unit activates switching among inputs.
"VHS-C" (the " C" stands for compact) is the new name for the controversial mini-VHS
videocassette system, scheduled for marketing here this fall by JVC and Sharp, and later
perhaps by others in the VHS group. Developed by JVC and embraced in Japan by all VHS
manufacturers, the system uses a small casette of %-inch tape not much bigger than a cigaret
pack, which can be played back through any VHS recorder by using an adaptor that lets it fit in
the cassette compartment.
The idea behind all that, of course , is portabi lity-and JVC's VHS-C recorder weighs just
4.4 pounds and measures a little over 7 x 3 x 8.5 inches. The single-speed portable will sell
for about $700 here and record for up to 20 minutes on a miniaturized cassette , available for
about $10. The adaptor-only one is needed to play compact cassettes in a standard VHS
recorder-will be around $20. Other VHS recorder suppl iers are nervous about introducing
the system in the United States , because the recorder must be priced very close to the tag on
a full-featured standard VHS portable, and because a new miniature-cassette standard for
portables is scheduled to be developed for sale in 1984 or 1985. Sothey're going to watch and
wait-and if the JVC and Sharp minis hit market gold, the others are sure to come in quickly
with their own brands. R-E
THE CASE FOR THE TRAVELING
TEST LAB
TARE YOUR
LABORATORY
WITH YOU!
With a wide choice of NLS Test Instruments, you
can troubleshoot on the spot, use your own
equipment, and all at your customer's facility.
Less Downtime for Customers
No More Worry about Power
Our test equipment operates on built-in batteries.
(Remember, hospitals do not allow AC in surgical
suites.. .Your only answer is battery-powered
equipment.)
PROFOUNDLY PORTABLE!
As you can see, our test equipment
actually fits inside an attache-type tool
case and still leaves room for all your
tools and schematics.
With the NLS Traveling Test Lab, you
can troubleshoot any sophisticated solid
state circuitry in today's electronic
world.
INSTRUMENTS FOR YOUR
TRAVELING TEST LAB:
WHAT'S EWS
TYPICAL DISPLAY from IBM's new videotex system.
FUNCTION PLACEMENT on the Int el 80186 chip.
leadless Jedec type-A hermetic
chip carrier. It requires a 5-volt-
on Iy power su pp Iy . The in-
troductory price is $50 each in
quantities of 100 . Product ion
quantities are schedules for the
first quarter of 1983. It is expected
that the price will drop below$30 in
the first year of production.
Future electric auto to
operate on AC?
The Research and Develop-
ment Center of General Electric is
now working on $3.1 million sub-
contract from Ford for research
and development of a power train
for electric vehicles. The research
is aimed at developing a system
that uses an AC motor instead of
the DC type normally associated
with electric cars.
The power train will include the
AC induction motor and an auto-
matic transaxle (transmission and
gears) integrated in a common
housing on the front wheel axis. A
common oil system will both lubri-
cate and cool the equipment. An
continued Oil page 10
CPU " board on a chip"
replaces 15-20 IC's
Intel Corp of Santa Clara, CA. is
now sampling its new iAPX CPU
(80186), a single chipthat contains
a 16-bit CPU plus all the other
funct ions commonly found in a
single-board CPU subsystem. The
80186, says Intel , can take the
placeof 15to 20 individual lC's and
thus offer a lower-cost and higher-
performance solut ion for such
cost-sensitive devices as personal
computers, word processors,
small business computers and in-
telligent terminals.
The 80816 is housed in a 68-pin,
videotape programs is not the only
advantage of a cluster-complex
owner, DBC president Jim Cassily
points out: "The very presence of a
satellite antenna can attract poten-
tial tenants to a living complex. Re-
cent surveys of hotel and motel
owners showasignificant increase
inoccupancy rates directlyattribut-
able to the installation of a satellite
antenna system, in direct view of
motorists driving by."
tion, travel schedules, and bulletin-
board notices, to name a few of its
possibilities.
The system provides up to 99
levels of security to protect sensi-
tive information. It checks the
security level of each frame auto-
matically before displaying it.
First customer shipments of the
SVS/1 were scheduled for Decem-
ber 1982. The program has a one-
time license fee of $10,000.
Cable company offers
wide range of services
Owners of multiple-dwelling
complexes are offered a combina-
tion of satellite-TV reception and a
customized videotape viewing
service by a Michigan cable com-
pany, DBCof Brighton. The cluster
living-complex owner is provided
with a commercial dish antenna, a
UHF-VHF master antenna, suit-
able head-end amplifiers, and a
videotape player.
The equipment wil l make it
possible to bring in up to eight local
off-the-air television channels, and
up to six satellite-delivered chan-
nels. In addition, equipment and a
custo mized videotape viewing
package that can be matched to
the needs of the viewers is pro-
vided. DBC is emphasizing fami ly-
oriented films, and other kinds of
family entertainment. The tape
program will be updated regularly.
Availability of good TV and
IBM introduces new
videotex for business
The Series/1 Videotex System
(SVS/1) just announced by IBM, is
a licensed program that enables
organizations to establish private
videotex systems to send and re-
ceive text and graphics . It uses
standard telephone lines to link
IBM Personal computers, low-cost
videotext terminals, or television
monitors equipped with special
adapters to data contained in an
IBM Series /1 general-purpose
computer.
The system is similar in function
to British Telecom's Prestel sys-
tem, but includes a number of addi-
tional features . It uses an
alphamosaic pattern (one in which
graphic images are built up of a
"mosaic" of small rectangular ele-
ments) to create videotex images.
The SVS/ 1 system can store up
to about 350,000 frames of
information-each frame consist -
ing of 24 rows and up to 40
characters per row-combining
text and graphics in up to 8 colors.
It can respond to up to 24 con-
current callers, or a larger number
of intermittent ones.
SVS/1 provides a fast, efficient
vehicle for businesses to com-
municate timely information to
their employees at either central
sites or remote offices. It can trans-
mit such material as internal mail,
budgets, merchandising informa-
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TEK 2200
MULTI-PURPOSE
OSCILLOSCOPES
THEPERFORMANCE/
PRICE STANDARD
Now! A60 MHz Tektronix scope
built for your bench.
In 30 years of Tektronix oscil
loscope leadership, no other
scopes have recorded the
immediate popular appeal of
the Tek 2200 Series. The Tek 2213
and 2215are unapproached for the
performance and reliability they
offer at a surprisingly affordable
price .
There's no compromise with
Tektronix quality: The low cost is the
result of a new des ign conce pt that
cut mec hanical parts by 65%. Cut
cabling by 90%. Virtually eliminated
board electrical con nectors. And
obviated the usual cooling fan.
'Price FO.B . Beaverton. OR
Copyrl\lht 1982 Tektronix. Inc. All fights reserved. 135
Yet performance is written all over
the front panels. There's the band-
width for digital and anal og ci rcuits.
The sensiti vity for low signal mea-
surements. The sweep speeds for
fast logic families. And delayed
sweep for fast , accurate timing
measurements.
The cost: $1100 for the 2213*.
$1400 for the dual time base 2215.
You can order, or obtain more
information, through the Tektroni x
National Marketing Center, where
technical personnel can answer
your quest ions and expedi te
delivery. Your direct order includes
probes, operating manuals, 15-
day return policy and full Tektronix
warranty.
For a demonstration stop by your
local Tektronix Sales Office.
ORDER TOLL FREE
1-800-426-2200
Ask for Department J0138
In the state of Washington,
Cal l (206) 253-5353 col lect.
CQMf.IATTED TO EXCEu.ENCE
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Introducing the THES99.95 Multi-dimensional
Sinclair ZX81. string and numerical arrays
If you're ever Mathematical and scien-
going to buy a personal tific functions accurateto
computer, now isthe time 8 decimal places
Unique one-touch entry
of keywords like PRINT,
RUN and LIST
easy-to-use computer Automatic syntax error
ever offered for any- detection and easy editing
where near the price: Randomizefunction
only $99.95* completely assembled. useful for both games and serious applications
Don't let the price fool you. The ZX81 has 1K of memory expandable to 16K
just about everything you could askfor in a per- A comprehensive programming guide and
sonal computer. operating manual
A breakthrough in personal computers. TheZX81 isalsovery convenient to use. It
The ZX81 isa major advanceover the origi- hooks up to any television set to produce a clear
nal SinclairZX80-the first personal computer to 32-column by 24-line display. It comeswith a
break the price barrier at $200. comprehensive programming guide and oper-
In fact, the ZX81's8K extended BASIC offers ating manual designed for both beginners and
features found only on computers costing two or experienced computer users. And you can use
three times as much. a regular cassette recorder to store and
Just look at what you get: recall programs by name.
Continuous display, including moving graphics
Sinclair technology isalsoavailablein Timex/ Sinclair computers
under a licensef rom Sinclair Research Ltd.
Amount Qty
16KMEMORY MODULE: Like
any powerful , full fledged com-
puter, the ZX81 is expandable.
Sinclair's 16K memory mod ule
plugs right onto t he back of
your ZX81. Cost is $49.95, plus
shippi ng and handl ing.
Price"
NEW SOFTWARE: Sinclair has
published pre-recorded pro-
grams on cassettes fo r your
ZX81. We're constantly coming
out wit h new programs, so we' ll
send you our lat est software
catalog with your computer.
These numbers arefor orders only. If youjust
want information, please write: Sinclair Research
Ltd.,2 Sinclair Plaza, Nashua, NH 03061.
-Plusshippingandhandling. Price includes connectors for TVandcassette, ACadaptor, and
FREE manual.
.. Doesnot apply to ZX81 kits.
City State _
Name, _
Address ------;
MAIL TO: Sinclair Research Ltd.,
One Sinclair Plaza, Nashua, NH 03061 .
"U.Svdolfars
ZX81 $99.95
ZX81 Kit 79.95
16K Memory Module 49 .95
I
Shipp ing and Handling 4.95 $4.95
I
TOTAL
I
I
I Ad Code AORE"
p-------------------------_.
sinclair
To order call toll free: 800-543-3000
Order at no risk.**
We'll giveyou 10days to try out the ZX81./f
you're not completelysatisfied, just return it to
Sinclair Research and we'll give you afull refund.
And if you have a problem with your ZX81,
send it to Sinclair Research within 90 days and
we'll repair or replace it at no charge.
Int roducing the ZX81 kit.
If you really want to save money, andyou
enjoy building electronic kits, you can order the
ZX81 in kit form for the incredible priceof just
$79.95.* It' sthe same, full-featured computer,
only you put it together yourself. We'll send com-
plete, easy-to-follow instructions on how you can
assembleyour ZX81 in just afew hours. All you
haveto supply is the soldering iron.
A leader in microelectronics.
TheZX81 represents the latest technology in
microelectronics. More than 10,000aresold
every week. In fact, the ZX81 isthe fastest selling
personal computer in the world.
We urgeyou to place your order for the
ZX81 today.
To order.
To order, simplycall toll
f ree. Or use the coupon below.
Remember, you can try it for
10daysat no risk.* * Thesooner
you order, the sooneryou can
start enjoying your own
computer.
call toll free 800-543-3000.
Askfor operator #509.
InOhio call: 800-582-1364;
in Canada call: 513-729-4300.
Ask for operator #509. Phones
open 24 hoursa day, 7 days
aweek. Have your MasterCard
or VISA ready.
continued from page 6
MANUFACTURE OF LASERVISION VIDEO DISCS in the Blackburn (U.K.)
factory.
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advanced high-power, light-weight
and compact inverter will convert
the DCenergy from the batteries to
AC.
The high cost of such an inverter
has long been a stumbling block in
the way of using the many advan-
tages of AC motors in electric vehi-
cles. GE believes it can use its ex-
perience in high-powered transis-
tors and integrated circuits to over-
come the cost obstacle.
Ford, the prime contractor under
a program of the U.S. Department
of Energy, will manage the overall
program, as wel l as design the
power train , transaxle, and the
microprocessor-based vehicle
control system. GEwill design and
build the motor, the transistorized
power inverter and the drive con-
trol (the electronic package that
controls the motor and inverter.)
The program calls for delivery of
two experimental power trai ns to
DOE/NASA in the spring of 1985.
One will be installed in a Ford Es-
cort for road test-the other used
for bench tests at NASA's Lewis
Research Center.
New dlscrnaklnq process
developed by Philips
A completely new technique for
mass-producing video recording
discs is now being used by the
Philips LaserVision system, in its
videodisc factory in Blackburn,
England. A liquid organic lacquer
is poured into a mold that contai ns
the video and audio information in
the form of small projections on a
disc face. It is then exposed to light
and the lacquer hardens, with the
audio and video information trans-
ferred to it in the form of small pits.
The " photopolymerization" (2P)
process was devised at Philips Re-
search labs in Eindhoven (Nether-
lands).
Special efforts were necessry to
adapt the new technique to mass
production. Production molds are
made in a number of steps from a
master disc, much as in earlier
forms of disc record manufacture.
A few milliliters of the 2Placquer is
poured into the center of the pro-
duction mold. A transparent plastic
disc (the substrate of the video
disc) is placed on it. It is then
pressed flat against the production
mold, spreading the layer in a thin
fluid coating that lies between the
substrate and the mold.
The lacquer is then exposed-
through the plastic substrate-to
ultraviolet light, which polymerizes
(hardens) it. A reflective aluminum
layer is evaporated on the layer of
lacquer, and a protective layer
placed on top of that. Then the pro-
tect ive layers of two discs are
bonded together . That produces a
double-sided disc , playable
through and protected by the
transparent plastic substrates.
U.S. AM stations are
moving fast into stereo
Following the FCC's decision
not to select and approve anyone
of the proposed AM stereo broad-
cast systems, but to let the public
decide which is best through open
competition, at least five systems
(none of which is compat ible with
any of the others) are competing .
The results may be interesting.
One result that is already appar-
ent is that the broadcasters are
ready for the new development.
One equipment manufacturer,
Harris Corp of Quincy, IL, reports
over 100 firm orders for stereo
broadcast equipment by last April
7. Nearly half of them were picked
up during the four days of the
National Association of Broadcast-
ers convention and show in Dallas
April 4 to 7.
Three computer firms
adopt joint standards
Standards for the creation and
transmission of computer graphics
have been jointly approved and
adopted by Digit al Equipment
Corp, Intel Corp, andTektroni x Inc.
The companies planto incorporate
the standards into their future pro-
ducts.
The standards agreed on are in
the field of computer-graphics im-
ages. The first of the two proposed
standards is the North American
Presentation Level Protocol Syn-
ta x (NAPLPS) . It is a com-
munications protocol to be used in
transmitting graphics information.
The second proposed standard
is the Virt ual Device Interface
(VOl). It provides standardized ac-
cess to graphics/functions that can
result in i mproved software
portability among computer sys-
tems and graphics devices.
CBS/Columbia forms
video games unit
Following a recent agreement
between CBS and the Bally Mfg.
Corp., CBS is lau nching CBS
Video Games, as a division of its
toy and games subsidiary, Gabriel
Industries.
The agreement gives CBS the
home vi deogame and computer
rights to games that Bally now has
in development, as well as games
to be developed or licensed during
the next four years. CBS plans to
introduce its first package of three
or more games-all compati ble
with the Atari Computer System-
by the end of 1982. The new divi-
sion also expects to market games
for the Mattei Intellivision.
Galvin urges " response" to
Japan trade pol icy
Robert W. Galvin, Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer of Motor-
ola, told more than 200 electronics
leaders that American industry
faces a dual challenge fromJapan:
its ability to dominate certain in-
dustri es worldwi de, and a con-
certed national program to protect
and promote certain industries so
that they can achieve such domi-
nation.
Speaking before the 7th annual
Hyanni s Co nfere nce of t he
Electronic Industri es Association
(EIA) Communications Division,
he said the United States should
not accept national industrial polic-
ies that enableany other country to
assume a dominant position in the
U.S. market, and called upon the
government to identify U.S. in-
dust ries now being targeted by
Japanese industri al poli cy. The
government , he stated, should
"take any necessary steps to en-
sure that U.S. industries are not
placed at a disadvantage in com-
peting with Japanese firms."
Citing examples of anti-
competitive behavior, Galvin said
the government must:
1. make targeting by foreign in-
dustrial policies grounds for trade
relief;
2. set market -share ceilings for
countries engaged in such tar-
geting;
BEHIND EVERY
GOODSINCLAIR
ISAMEMOPAK
Memopak 64KRAM The 64KRAM extends the
memory of your Sinclair by S6Ktoa full 64K. It
is directly addressable, user transparent, is
neither switched nor paged and acceptssuch
basiccommand as10 DIMA(9000). The
Memopak 64Kturns your Sinclair into a
powerful computer suitable for business,
recreational and educational use. No additional
power supply is required.
Memopak 32K RAM The 32K RAM Memopak
offersyour Sinclair a full 32Kof directly
addressable RAM. Like the 64K Memopak, it is
neither switched nor paged andenables you to
executesophisticated programs and store large
data bases. It is alsofullycompatible with
Sinclair's or Memotech's 16K RAM togive you a
full 48K ofRAM.
Memopak 16K RAM The Memopak16KRAM
provides aneconomical way to increase the
capabilities of your Sinclair. And at the same
time, it enables you tocontinue toadd on other
features with its"piggy back" connectors. It is
compatible with the Sinclair 16K or a second
Memopak16Kor Memopak 32Ktogive 32Kor
48KofRAM respectively.
Memopak High Resolution Graphics The
Memopak HRG contains a 2K EPROMmonitor
and is fullyprogrammablefo r highresolution
graphics. The HRGprovides for up to 192by248
pixel resolution.
Memopak Printer Interface The memotech
centronics parallel or RS232printer interface
paks enable your Sinclair tousea wide range of
compatible printers (major manufacturers'
printers availablethroughMemotech at
signifi cant savi ngs) . Theresident softwarein the
units gives the ASCII set ofcharacters. Both
Memopakprinter interfaces provide lower case
character capabilities. The RS232 Interface is
also compatible with modems.
New products coming soon Memotech will
soon be introducing four new Sinclair
compatible products: a high quality, direct
connection keyboard, a digiti zingtablet, a 16K
EPROManda disk drive. Watch for our future
advertisements.
Tax**
Total
$179.95
109.95
5995
IIll.95
139.95
144.95
495
64K RAM
32KRAM
16KRAM
CentronicsParallel Printer Inerface
RS232 Printer Inttrf.I<e
HighResolution Graphics
Shipping and handling
* Al l prices quotedin U.S. collars
** Colorado residents please add sales tax
o Check 0 MasI'rCaro 0 l\sa
I City SUte Zip I
J
:- :
Order at no risk
All Memotech products carryour 10
daymoney back guarantee. If you' re not
completely satisfied, return it in ten days
and we will give you a full refund.
And every Memotech product comes with a
six month warranty. Should anything be
defectivewith your Memopak, return it to
us and we will repair or replace it free of
charge. Dealer inquiries welcome. Th order
any Memotech product call our toll-free
number 800/66 2-0949 or use the order
coupon.

CORPORATION
7550 West Yale Avenue
Denver, Colorado 80227
(303) 986-1516
TWX 910-320-2917
If you own a Timex-Sinclair 1000 or
ZX81 computer, you shouldhave a
Memopak behind it. From increased
memory to high resolution graphics,
Memotech has a Memopak to boost your
system's capabilities. Every Memopak
peripheral comes in a blackanodised
aluminum case and is designed to fit
together in "piggy back" fashion to enable
you to continue to add on and still keep an
integrated system look.

Printer
High Resolut ion Graphics
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12
EDITORIAL
Not Another Buyers Guide To Computers!
I don't consider myself to be an "oldtimer" , but I do remember the
beginning of the "personal computer" revolution. In the beginning ,
there was the July 1974 issue of Radio-Electronics that carried the
first published construction article for a personal computer built around
a microprocessor-the Mark 8. That article created quite a stir among
our readers . Not long afterwards, several companies (actually , they
were "garage" operations) started introducing commercially available
computers. Most notable were MITS, Imsai , and Processor Technolo-
gy.
The only method for storing programs in those days was to use an
audio cassette-tape recorder. The bootstrap loader , the program that
transferred the "operating system" from the tape to the computer, had
to be loaded manually using front -panel toggle switches. I remember
seeing a demonstration of the MITS Altair and watching the de-
monstator's fingers whiz over those toggle switches with lightning
speed as he entered the bootstrap program .
Computers have come a long way since then. Today, you can easily
spend over $10,000 for a personal computer or as little as $79.95.
You buy from small compan ies or from large companies. And, just
when you feel that the market has reached saturation and can't sup-
port another computer, another one is introduced.
In confirmation of the vast number of computers that are available,
this month's buyers guide contains 96 pages. We put that section
together because we feel that if you are considering purchasing a per-
sonal computer, and in our reader surveys you tel l us that you are,
then it's imperative that you know what's avai lable before you make a
decision. That applies not only to the hardware, but to the software as
well. That is why our buyers guide also includes a comprehensive
software section as well.
We did raise the cover price for this issue, but fear not: that price
will be in effect for only this issue. Also, we do not not intend to be-
come a computer magazine. Radio-Electronics remains dedicated to
the broad coverage of the entire electronics industry.
ART KLEIMAN
EDITOR
adiD-
Ilelllranilili
Hugo Gernsback (1884-1967) founder
M. Harvey Gernsback, edit or-i n-chief
Larry Steckler, GET. publi sher
Arthur Kleiman, edi tor
Josef Bernard, K2HUF. techn ical editor
Carl Laron, WB2SLR, assistant edit or
Jack Darr, GET. service editor
Robert F. Scott, semi condu ctor editor
Herb Friedman, communicat ions editor
Gary H. Arlen, cont ribut ing editor
David Lachenbruch, cont ribut ing editor
Earl "Doc" Savage, K4SDS, hobby edit or
Ruby M. Vee, product ion manager
Robert A. W. Lowndes, productio n
associat e
Stefanie A. Mas, production assistant
Joan Roman, circulation dir ector
Arline R. Fishman,
adverti si ng coordinator
Cove r phot o by Robert Lewi s
Radio-Electronics is indexed in Applied
Science & Technology Index and Readers
Guide to Periodical Litera ture.
Gernsback Publ icat ions. Inc.
200 Par k Ave. S.. New York. NY 10003
President : M. Harvey Gernsback
Vi ce Presid ent: Larry Steckler
ADVERTISING SALES 212-777-6400
Larry Steckler
Publ isher
EAST
Stanley Levitan
Radi o-Electr onics
200 Park Ave. South
New York. NY 10003
212-777-6400
MIDWEST/Texas/ Arkansas/Okla.
Ralph Bergen
The Ralph Bergen Co.. Inc.
540 Front age Road- Suite 325
Nort hf ield . Ill inois 60093
312-446 -1444
PACIFIC COAST
Mountain States
Marvin Green
Radio-Elect roni cs
413 So. La Br ea Ave.
Los Angeles, Ca 90036
213-938-0166-7
SOUTHEAST
Paul McGinnis
Paul McGinni s Company
60 East 42nd Street
New York. N.Y. 10017
212-490-1021
~
~
Whenyou need a
semiconductor that fits
and works.turn to
theMastet
Youcan search high and lowfor some replacement parts.
Or you can turn to the Master-the Sylvania ECG
Semiconductor Master Replacement Guide.
It's called the Master because it's far and away
the industry's most comprehensive source for get-
ting the parts you need, when you need them.
Including most hard-to-find foreign parts. And
ECG universal replacement part specifications
generally exceed the originaljEDEC or appli-
cation specs.
Not surpris-
ingly, the Master
comes from the
people who first
mastered the uni-
versal replacement
principle-a system
that allows a minimum
number of premium
quality replacement
devices to replace almost
every original equipment
semiconductor on the
market.
With the Master
working for you,
there is no need
to turn elsewhere
for replacement
semiconductors.
For your
nearestECG
distributor, call
1-800-225-8326.
Ifit'SECC. it fits. Andit works.
PhilipsECG
A North American Philips Company
SATELLITE/TELETEXT NEWS
GARY ARLEN
CONTRIBUTING EDITOR
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NATIONAL
TELETEXT
DIRECT
BROADCAST
SATELLI TES
GOING UP FROM
NEW YORK
NBC and CBS will launch national teletext services, possibly as early as this autumn. The
start of the services will depend on "satisfactory completion" of the teletext rules being
considered at the FCC and on other business factors, such as availabi lity of TV sets that can
pick up teletext signals. Technically, both networks will use the North American Broadcast
Teletext Standard, a hybrid format based on the French Antiope system.
At the same time that the networks announced their teletext transmission plans, NBC's
parent company (RCA) revealed its endorsement of the NABTS and indicated that its TV-set
manufacturing division would being building receivers in that format during the coming year.
RCA, the largest U.S. TV-set maker, urged early adoption of the standard as the single U.S.
technical format.
For the national network service, both networks will develop teletext magazines based on
their experiences during teletext tests on the stations that both companies own in Los
Angeles: the year-long trials there included news, sports, and travel and business informa-
tion, along with games, feature information , and advertising . For the national network service,
CBS also plans to offer closed-capt ioning of some prime-time shows. Affiliates will be
encouraged to develop local teletext inserts (ads and information) as page-creation equip-
ment and home decoders become available. NBC's service will initially be broadcast by the
five stations which the network owns (New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Washington, and
Cleveland) and by affiliates which want to take part.
The CBSand NBC plans may be the initiative to start teletext momentum, thus encouraging
other set-makers to begin building teletext receivers. ABC has stayed away from teletext
technology altogether, and PBS has been involved with a number of local teletext projects.
although financi al difficulties in the public-broadcasting world probably means that there will
be little action from that area in the near future.
Direct Broadcast Satellite service could become available by 1986, thanks to an FCC ruling
that cleared the way for DBS operators to plow into their plans. The FCC action put the official
stamp of approval on an earlier Commission ruling that had permitted nine companies with
DBS plans to proceed with their efforts.
The latest FCC action is still subject to revision at the 1983 Regional Administrative Radio
Conference, which will plan the orbit and frequency allocations for DBS in the western
hemisphere. The Commission's ruling on DBS was considered a landmark, however, be-
cause it clearly identified satellite TV as a "broadcast" service, yet one which is not subject to
traditional broadcast requirements such as programming to meet local community needs.
Administratively, the FCC ruling allocated 500 MHz of spectrum in the 12-GHz band for
downli nks and 500 MHz of spectrum in the 17-GHz band for uplinks. The FCC declined to
impose technical standards beyond those required by international agreements, and adopted
a flexible regulatory approach that wil l avoid delay in the introduction of DBS and which will
allow DBS operators to determine the character istics of their services. There is no require-
ment that high-definition TV or other enhanced services be included in DBS services-
although several applicants (inclUding CBS) plan to offer HDTV.
Home Box Office is building a new satellite uplink center in suburban New York. The center ,
which will cost as much as $20 million, will replace HBO's current uplink in Vernon Valley, NJ,
which it leases from RCA. The new Hauppauge, Long Island, center will initially be equipped
with four 11-meter uplink antennas-the start of an impressive antenna farm.
At about the same time that HBO announced its uplink plans, another antenna farm in the
New York area was unveiled. The Port Authority of New York and NewJersey, in partnership
with Merri ll Lynch & Co., revealed plans to build Teleport. a $300 million satellite com-
munications center and office complex on Staten Island, with up to 17 earth stations.
Business data communications are atop the list of activities, although teleconferences and
broadcast /cable video transmission are also expected to be beamed through the Teleport
faci lities, which will include fiber-optic connections . The Staten Island site was selected
because, although part of New York City, it is just far enough away from the center of town to
avoid the microwave congest ion which clogs and interferes with signals in the crowded
Manhattan business district. R E
1429
List $14.95
",(l} Exciting projects,
troubleshooting and repair
tips, and hands-on,
(l}-'f: do-it-yourself info ... plus
hundreds of time- and
money-saving ideas!
",,"0
Select 5 fact-filled volumes
for only $295 (total value up to $94.75)
7 very good reasons to try
Electronics Book Club
Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214
Reduced Member Prices. Sav e up to 75 %on boolessure to
increase your know-how
Satisfaction Guaranteed. All booles returnabl e wit hin 10
days wit hout obligation
Club News Bulletins. All about current selections-mains.
alternates. extras-plus bonus offers. Comes 13 times a year
wit h dozens of up-to-the-minute titles you can pick from
"Automatic Order." Do nothing. and the Main selection
will be shipped aut omati cally ! But . .. if you want an Alter -
nate selection-or no boolesat all-we'll follow the instr uc-
tions you give on the reply form provided wit h every News
Bulleti n
Continuing Benefits. Get a Dividend Certificate wit h every
book purchased after fulfilling membership obli gation. and
qualify for discounts on many other volumes .
Bonus Specials. Take advantag e of sales. eve nts. and
added-value promotions
Excepti onal Quality. All booles are first-rate publisher' s
editi ons. filled wit h useful, up-to-the-minute informati on
,--------------------.
II B[][]KLlUIj I
Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214
I Please accept my membership in Electronics Book Club and II
I send th e 5 volumes circled below, billing me $2.95 plus
I
shi pping and handling charges . If not satisfied, I may return I
the booles wit hi n ten days without obligation and have my I
I membership cancell ed. I agree to purchase 4 or more books
I at reduced Club prices (plus shipping/handling) during the I
I next 12 months. and may resign any time thereafter. I
I 335 1045 1123 1160 1183 1191 1211 I
I
1233 1241 1255 1271 1275 1283 1290 1296 I
1316 1323 1332 1337 1339 1346 1409
I 1417 1420 1429 1435 1436 1465 1475 1487 I
I Name Phone __ I
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(Valid for naw mambors only. Foreig n and Cana da add 20%. Ordors outsid oU.S. I
or Canada must be prepaid wtth International monay orders in U.S. doll ars.)
L
This order subjoct to acceptance by Electronics Book Club RE-I 082 ..
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CIRCLE 13 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 15
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NewfromNRI
Industrial Electronics
withcolorcomputer.
Get a head start in the emerging technologies
with practical training in control systems,
instrumentation, robotics, optoelectronics, and lasers.
Exclusive computer-aided instruction!
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NRI
NRI Schools
McGraw-Hill Continuing
J'J~ Education Center
t" IT': 3939Wisconsin Ave.
ItnIII Washington, D.C. 20016
We'll give youtomorrow.
make the most of the big demand
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technicians.
Sendfor Free Catalog
Send the postage-paid card
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Init, you'll find complete lesson
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................__ career opportunities in this
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get information on almost
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AudiojVideo Servicing, Digital
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and get on with your future. If card
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Your training includes the
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sional quality instruments, includ-
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Your NRI training is thor-
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expandable for business and
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yours to keep. And that's just
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NRI's exclusive Discov-
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- and special breadboarding
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19
ePHILIPS
KEITHLEY
Non-Llne.r Systems
DIGITAL MULTIMETERS
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Frequency Measurement to
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dBm Referenced to 600 n
(8060A onl y)
dB measurement
(8060A only)
Conductance (8060A only)
Separate Constant Current
Source Diode Test
Self Diagnostics
8060A
Two New 4V2-Digi t Handheld
DMM's from Fluke
Wideband True RMS AC
Measurements (100 kHz-
8060A, 30 kHz-8062A)
0.04% Basic DC Accuracy
(8062A = 0.05%)
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(200 IlA, 200 rnv. 200 n ranges)
Autoranging Mnto 300 Mn
Relative (Offset or Zero) Mode
Audible and Visual Con-
tinui ty Indi cators
MODEL 3010
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Generates sine. square and triangle
waveforms
Variable amplitude and fixed TTL square-
wave outputs
0 . 1 Hz to 1MHz in six ranges
Push button range and function select ion
Typical sine wave distortion under 0 .5%
from 0. 1Hz to 100kHz
Variable DC offset for engineering
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THE TEST EQUIPMENT SPECIALISTS
LETTERS
Address your comments to: Letters, Radio-Electronics,
200 Park Avenue South, New York, NY 10003
PC BOARDS
It is difficult for me to express fully my
appreciati on f or your magazine . As an
enthusiastic elect ronics hobbyist for many
years, I have always enjoyed your fine arti-
cles, departments, and projects. Every copy
is a treasure, ful l of information; I can't
remember ever picking up an issue without
finding at least one project I wanted to build.
What I am really looking forward to is an
article on making your own PCboards, photo-
graphically, from the foil patterns you usually
provide. I have tried to do so many times, but
because of limited equipment and "know-
how," the results have usually been less than
adequate. Since the materials and chemicals
used in that process are quite expensive,
mistakes are usual ly cost ly and t ime-
consuming, not to mention frustrating. I'm
sure that I speak for many other readers
when I say that such an article, or series of
articles, on the subject would be welcomed
with open arms!
P. CONSTAN
East Islip, LI
Please stay tuned! Just such an article will be
appearing in the very near future.-Editor
OUT OF PRINT
First, I want to thank you for the review of
Buyer's Guide to Video Cassette Recorders
that appeared in your May 1982 issue.
Now it is my sad duty to inform you that this
book has been out of print tdrsome time, and
the review has created problems for us. We
are getting numerous requests for it, as a
result of the Free Information Card that
appeared in your magazine. I only wish I had
the timeto answer every request for the book;
but as I do not, I would only ask that you notify
your readers of the circumstances: Buyer's
Guide to Video Cassette Recorders is out of
print.
MARTIN L. SCHAMUS,
Sterling PUblishing Co., Inc.
VIDEO CASSETIE RECORDERS
I have been thinking about video cassette
recorders and the fact that government offi-
cials want them outlawed. I amfor those little
VCR's, and I can't see why there should be
such a fuss over them. I think that they are
legal, and I have a bit of information to back
that opinion up.
Every American citizen is constitutionally
guaranteed the right to record signals from
TV sets. Section 47 of the Communications
Act of 1934 states that an American citizen
has the right to receive any transmission from
any source. In my opinion, that must include
GETTHESAMEVIDEOTRAINING
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Sony is a reg. trademark of Sony Corp.
Formoreinformation call
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FromPhirps,of course.
PHILIPS
PRINT THE WORLD
specific time while they are being " painted"
by Doppler Radar, even though they are not
speeding . That is to avoid getting caught
when not speeding, as it has been shown
numerous times that such transmissi on wi ll
heterodyne with the traffic-radar carri er fre-
quency in the K-band (10.5 - 10.55 GHz).
He should also be advised that Mr. Rod
Dornsife, a former San Diego police officer ,
testified in court at Burlington, KY on January
17, 1980, that radar equipment and radar
operators have a 30% error rate (also known
as false-alarm rate) on a nationwide basis.
He should also be advised that Dade County
Judge Alfred F. Nesbitt was cited for driving at
63 mph during the weekend of July 4, 1982,
even though his cruise control was set at 55
mph, and it was his first citation in 45 years of
driving. Judge Nesbitt convened acourt hear-
ing after he learned that Florida police had
clocked a speeding banyan tree and a house
moving at 28 mph during 1979. Obvious the
actual target and the intended target were not
identical, and that problem is one of the de-
ficiencies of traffic radar systems. Judge Nes-
bitt's hearing did, in fact, document other in-
stances of the radar system's fallibility . Eighty
cases based upon radar evidence were then
dismissed, and Dade County police are now
required to support an arrest with evidence
obtained through pacing.
If anyone does a large amount of traveling
via the automobile , it would be prudent to
equip his or her car with cruise control and an
RWR of the superheterodyne type for self-
defense.
One might well ask, with respect to the
" moving" tree or house, just what did the
radar system measure? First of all, it must
have been a strong reflector of K-band
frequencies, such as a metallic surface. Next,
Doppler systems require that the radar return
be different from the transmitted carrier by an
amount equivalent to an audio frequency .
The calibration test consists of a tuning fork
oscillating at a frequency usually correspond-
ing to 60 mph, and the vibration must be in the
direction of the beam. A roadsign vibrating
about a vertical axis in a strong wind also
provides a good radar return, as does an
electrical transmission line suspended above
the roadway, or a nearby windmill rotating in
the wind and also in the radar beam.
It is possible that anyone of those reflec-
tors were in the beam directed at the house or
the tree by the police operator. However ,
since the operator's mind has isolated the
target, more often than not, that is all that he
considers as a potential target. Thus, the guilt
oftentimes cannot be validated " beyond
resonable doubt " since his eye cannot cor-
roborate the intended target as the actual
target. Even if there is only a single vehicle
within a reasonable distance of, or inside, the
radar beam, atransmission of a suitable radio
frequency has been shown to cause a false
measurement and the interference is unseen
by the operator.
There are far too many circumstances for
even a very accurate system to fail to provide
a true measurement, let alone the traffic-
radar systems now on the market and in actu-
al use. A traffic-radar system could be built
that would function with as little as a 5%false-
alarm rate, but such systems would be orders
of magnitude more expensive than current
systems, and still might not provide evidence
"beyond a reasonable doubt" in all courts of
law.
a little knowl edge and experience with Dop-
pler Radar. I have been amused at several of
the letters concerning traffic radar, especially
since I was cited in Kansas near Emporia for
driving at 78 mph in a 1973 Vega SW with two
cylinders operating so inefficiently that its
maximumspeed was 54 mph on flat highway.
I was particularly interested in the letter
from Mr . Richard Kolasinski (Rad i o-
Electronics, August 1982), who says " ...but I
have yet to hear of a radar-detector in car
being used for any other purpose except to
avoid getting caught when speeding ." I must
inform Mr. Kolasinki that it is common prac-
tice for amateurs operating two-meter
transceivers, and knowledgable Citizen
Radio Servi ces operators (11 meters) to
operate radar-warning receivers (RWR) to
inform them that it is unwise to transmit at a
See What You've Been Missing!
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and display shortwave radio teleprinter and Morse
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Six standard RTTY speeds
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Adjustable space for fine tuning
Receive Morse code - 4 to 50 wpm
16 lines by 36 or 72 character display
Two page video display
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Requires +12 VDC and external TV monitor
One year limited warr anty
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Write or call for more details. See the CWR-6700 at
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BOX 365
URBANA, ILLINOIS 61801 2173677373
Being trained as a physicist, and having
been employed for the Department of De-
fense since 1962, I have amassed more than
RADAR DETECTORS
the right to record signals from TV sets.
Those rights have been tested by the Super-
ior Court of the District of Columbia, and have
been upheld under the First, Fourth, Fifth,
Ninth, and Tent h Amendments.
People record signals from radios every
day, and the govern ment doesn't say any-
thing about that. So, until they change it in the
courts (if they do) everyone shoul d be entitled
to use video cassette recorders.
PAUL L. GRAY, JR.
Colorado Springs, CO
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In your article entitled " Energy Miser for
Your Furnace," Radio-Electronics, August
1982, the equation for the tempe rature con-
version is not printed correctly. It should read:
Temp (in OF) = 1.8 x Temp (OK) - 459-67
The factor 1.8 is equal to the usual conver-
sion factor of 9/5, as everybody knows. But,
without the factor in the equation, there may
be misunderstanding in the text.
In the description that follows the equation,
the text mentioned R1 and R2 for water-
temperature sensor, IC6. As far as the circuit
diagram is concerned, R1 and R2 are in the
air-temperature sensor IC5 circuit. You see,
there is also a littl e mix-up here.
H. HSU
Professor, Department of Engineering,
Ohio State University R-E
ENERGY MISER
In the defense of my innocence after my
citation in 1977, I qualified myself as an ex-
pert witness and the prosecution acquired the
services of the gent leman who designed the
radar system which provided the evidence
against me, the Kustom Signal, Inc. MR-11.
I testified to all of the above circumstances
as being possible, provided a mechan ic's
data as to the condition of the engine in my
vehicle, and prompted my attorney in his
eliciting testimony from the arresting Kansas
State Trooper. What came out was that every
time the Trooper drove past a particular place
on a highway, the radar indicated 88 mph
even when his was the only vehicle within
seven or eight miles. I, myself, have heard
sophisticated RWR's sound off and give a
visual indication of an RF field in the K-band
capture band wit h no other vehic les in sight.
The RF energy is there, but it does not eman-
ate from traffic radar.
How could one defend himself in court with-
out knowing that he had been "painted" and
taken pains to record and verify his vehicle's
speed? Possibly Mr. Kolasinski would con-
clude that the driver is guilty, regardless of the
circumsta nces, simply because. the radar
measured a number. At any rate, the de-
signer of the MR- 11told me later that this was
the first case of the many that he had had, that
he had lost! I wonder why.
J. FRANK FIELDS
Lawrence, KS
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26
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2. Single rotary switch for all func-
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we provide a spare fuse, standard 9V
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7. Our LCD readout has big bold
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9. The 8050 is made by SOAR CORP.,
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1126 CORN ELL AVENUE
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SOAR products are available through selected
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NEWTONE ELECTRONICSI
TECHNICIAN COMPONENTS GROUP,
44 FARRAND STRE ET.
BLOOMFI ELD. NJ 0700 3
(NAME)
(ADDRESS)
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system, so when you decide to replace or design with
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MAIL TO:
I NEWTONE ELECTRONICS TECHNICIAN COMPONENTSGROUP, I
44 FARRAND STREET. BLOOMFIELD. NEW JERSEY 07003 I
o PLEASE RUSH ME THE 1982 REPLACEMENT I
MASTER GUIDE.
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Only three years ago TCG started out with just ten
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That's why more and more techni-
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TCG uses a special com-
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29
Ran ge select ion and the standard
DMM functions are controll ed by a row
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the front panel . So far that sounds like an
ordinary DMM-but wait. there' s more.
This DMM has a microprocessor.
The microprocessor is used for several
speci al-function modes, all of which are
controlled by two rows of front-panel
pushbuttons. The se pushbuttons are also
used for entering data as needed in the
special-function modes.
Th e Filter mod e inserts a spe cial
averaging-value filt er for reading noisy
input s .
The Scale/Offset mode does j ust what
the name impli es-it will scale the read-
ing by a pre-ent ered amount A, and offset
it by a pre-entered constant B. That is
useful for such things as measuring the
output of a transduc er or other type of
sensor. eliminating the need for extra cal-
culati ons.
The Percent-Deviati on mode displays
the percent difference between what is
measured and a pre-entered constant N.
The Null mode is used to subtract the
initial readingfrom all subsequent read-
ings. Among the uses for this is to null out
the resistance of the test leads-that be-
comes critical when you are working with
very low resistances.
When the unit is in the Hi/Lo Limit
mode. the measured value is compared to
pre-ent ered limit s stored in the Hi and Lo
registers. If the value is higher than the
limit stored in the Hi register, the readout
will simply display a HI message: if it is
lower than the value in the Lo register. the
readout will displ ay a LO message. If the
measur e ment fa lls bet ween the two
limit s. the measurement is displ ayed as
usual.
The Min/Max mode is similar. Here,
however , the maximum and minimum
values of a ser ies of measurement s are
stored in registers . Pressing the MAX but-
ton recalls the maximum value: pressing
the M IN button recall s the mi nimum
value.
Note that more than one of the meter ' s
special modes can be used at one time. In
fact , all of them could be used together if
desired. When more than one function is
in use, the order of exe cution is Filter.
Nul l. Scale/Offset. Per cent Deviati on.
Max/Min, and Hi/Lo Limit.
The panel is clearly marked in white
and yellow . Lines and arrows tell you
which buttons are used together. White
markings are used to identify the special-
function modes and the registers. The yel-
low markings are used for dat a-ent ry
functions. That is important- since most of
the buttons are used for more than one
purpose . very much like what is done in
advanced pocket-calculat ors . The in-
struct ion manual gives a very clear and
thorough explanation of just exac tly how
to set up and use each of the special-
function modes. From expe rience . I can
assure you that it pays to read the book
carefully first !
The 4V2-digit LCD display used also
provides annunciators that are used to
identi fy which of the spec ial function
modes are in use. Also. the readout will
display several prompts. in Engli sh. to
help you along . For instance. when you
turn on the instrument. a FUNC prompt
will appear on the display. That prompt
requests that you enter one of the standar d
functions such as AC VO LTS. Once that is
done. a RNG prompt asks you to enter the
range desired. If a measurement exceeds
the entered range . an O.RNG (overrange)
prompt will appear. If the input exceeds
the maximum voltage limits we men-
tioned earlier. an OUCH prompt appears:
that one is my personal favori te!
The instruction manual is qui te good. It
tell s you just what the instrument can do.
how it does it. and. most import ant, how
you can get it to perfonn properly. Read it
carefully . It includes a full circuit descrip-
tion. schematics . calibration data. and a
full parts list. It gives exa mples of how to
set up each ofthe special-function modes.
Six spec ial probes are ava ilable for use
with these meters . One is an AC clamp- on
probe for reading AC currents up to 200
amps. Another is a temperature probe that
will read temperature direct ly. in either OF
or "C. A switch is used to select the de-
sired scale. A " hold" probe allows you to
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31
out the country (Radio Shack is a division
of the Tandy Corp.. One Tandy Center .
Ft. Worth, TX 76 102) . The device.
which incidentl y is not a cer tifica tion
inst rument , is the Mi crowave Leakage
Detector (catalog number 22-200 I) and is
intended for those who wish to keep a
check on the door seals (and other areas)
of a microwave oven.
As pointed out in the instructions sup-
plied with the unit. new ovens will rarely
allow any microwave radiation to escape.
However. as ovens age and the door seals
begin to wear. harmful radiation may es-
cape without the user' s knowledge. That
is the value of this unit-it will detect the
radiation and give a relative indication '
(acceptable vs. hazardous) of the level.
The detector is conveniently housed in
a black plastic case that measures approx-
imately 5 x 2 x I Y4 inches. The relative
level of microwave radiation is indicated
on an edge-reading meter located at one
end of the case; that end is angled up-
war ds for easy viewing. Acceptable
radiation levels are indicated by a green
region while hazardous levels are in-
dicated by a red one. To test for micro-
wave leakage. a gray plastic " collector "
located at the other end of the case is held
against the door seams of the oven being
checked and then slid along the seam. Of
course, the meter should be constantly
watched to spot any indication of leakage.
The value of tilting the meter becomes
obvious when you try the detector out.
That arrangement allows you to easily see
the meter without stooping as you slide
the detector around the oven.
To try out the unit . we used it to check
two ovens- the results were good. The
newer unit was' 'cl ean" and no radiati on
could be found at any point tested. The
second unit was considerabl y older. The
door seals of that unit were still doing
their job and no indication of radiation
was observed. However, with the outer
case remove d from the unit. minimal
radiation from the magnetron housing
area of the oven was detected. It read only
in the green area (about Y4-scale) which
should classify it as harmless at any rea-
sonable dist ance especially since that
radiati on was detected only once the outer
case was removed .
With the increase d use of microwave
ovens, a low-cost detector makes a lot of
sense for the average homeowner. If that
instrument were used regularly. it could
protect your family from what could be a
serious health hazard. Bear in mind that
the leakage detector is a consumer device
and is not suitable for professional or lab-
oratory use. It is also not intended to
replace the kind of thorough testing that
can only be done by a profesional service
technici an.
The Micront a Microwave Leakage De-
tector requires no batteries or other power
sources and should give years of depend-
able service under normal care and use. It
sells for $14. 95. R-E
Radio Shack Micronta
Microwave-Leakage
Detector
Radio Shack Microwave Leakage Detector
OVERALL I I 1 1 1 I I
PRICE
EASE 1 1 1 1 I I 1
OFUSE
INSTRUCTION 1 1 I I 1 1 I
MANUAL
PRIC5t\ 1 1 11 11 1
VALUE
11121314151617 8 9 10

A HANDY WARN ING DEVICE FOR USE WITH
microwave ovens is being marketed by
Radio Shack stores and dealers through-
"hold" a reading on the display by sim-
ply pressing a switch on the probe. The
reading is held until the switch is re-
leased. An RF voltage probe is used to
read RF voltages from 10 kHz to 50 MHz.
with an accuracy of 5%. The VHF RF
probe does the same thing for signals
from 50 kHz to 520 MHz. A high-voltage
probe extends the DC voltage range up to
50 kilovolts, with an accuracy of 2%.
The lIlode16500' s are neat and compact
bench instrument s that are small enough
for port able use. The test probes are stur-
dy, with protect ive collars and shar p
points. The input j acks are of the type that
has no exposed bare metal . The model
6502 lists for $758.00: the model 6504
lists for 783. 00. Three optional versions
of each model rounds out the 6500 series.
These opt ions must be selected when you
purchase the instrument ; they cannot be
added later. The options are: rechargable
battery-power , BCD output, and a IEEE-
488 bus interface.
In summa ry. the se are remarkable
instruments- they do more things, and
do them better , than anythi ng else I own! I
believe that either one would be an asset
in any laboratory or electr onics work-
shop.
In the final analysis , these instrument s
are anything but inexpensive. They do,
however, provide features and measure-
ments ca pabili t ies beyond ot her in-
struments in their price range. R-E
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32
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At CIE.,youget
electronics
career
training
froID
specialists.
If you're interested in learning howto IlX air
conditioning, service cars or install heating systems -
talk to some other school. But if you're serious
about electronics... even earning an Associate Degree...
come to CIE- The Electronics Specialists.
Special Projects Director
u d Instit..te of Electronics
\
o
o
CD
m
:D RE-46
o Active Duty
the exams get their Licenses. You
may already know that an FCC
License is needed for so me careers
in ele ctroni cs -and it can be a
valuable cr edential anytime.
Associate Degree
Now, CIE offers an Associate in
Applied Science Degree in Electronics
Engineering Technology. In fact,
all or mos t of everv CIE Career
Course is dircct lvcrcdttablc
towar ds t he As sociate Degree.
Find out more: Mall this
card for your FREE
CATALOGtoday:
Ift he card is gone, cut out and
mail the coupon.
I'll send you a copy ofCIE's
FREE school ca talog, along with a
complete package of independent
home study information .
For vour convenience , I'll t rv to
arrange "for a CIE representative t o
contact you to answer any questions
vou mav have.
. Remember, if you are serious
about learning el ectronics . .. or
building upon your present ski ll s,
your best bet is to go with the el ec-
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car d or cou pon t od ay or writ e CIE
(and menti on t he name a nd dat e of
t h is magazine ), 1776 East 17th
Street, Cleveland, Oh io 44114:
Accredited Member Nation al Home Study Council
. Phone (area cod e) _
o YES ... .John, I want to learn from th e specialists in el ectr onics - CIE.
Send me my FREE CIE school catalog - including detail s about the Associate
Degree program - plus my FREE package of hom e st udy infor mation.
Pattern shown on oscilloscope screen is simulated.
Plus there's a professional quality
oscilloscope you build and use to
"see" and "read" the characteristic
waveformpatterns ofelectronic
equipment.
You workwith experi-
enced specialists.
When you send us a completed
lesson, you can be sure it will be
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electronics instructor, backed by a
team oftechnical specialists. If'you
need specialized help, you get it fast
.. in writing from the faculty spe-
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People who have known
us a long time, thinkof us
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We don't mind. We have a fine
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In fact, in continuing surveys nearly
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C I E
Cleveland Institute of Electronics, Inc.
1776 East 17th Street, Cleveland. O h io 44114
I
I Print Xamc _
Address Apt. - - - -----
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Stur e
Age
Check box for G.1. Brll tnformat ton. 0 Vet eran
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M
y father always t old me that
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For these things, you'd want a
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cause you' d know ifhe weren't any
good, he 'd be out ofbusiness.
Why trustyour education
and career future to
anyt.hing less than a
specialist?
You shouldn' t. And you certainly
don' t h ave t o.
FACT: CIE is the largest inde-
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world that specializes excl us ively
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We have to be good at it because
we put all our e ggs in one basket:
electron ics. If'we hadn't done a good
job, we'd have closed our doors
long ago.
Specialists aren't for
everyone.
I'll t ell it to you straight. Ifyou
think elect r onics would make a nice
hobby, check with other schools.
But ifyou think you have the
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- to make sur e that a sound blackout
during a prime time 'IV showwill be
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At cm, we combine
theory andpractice. You
learn the best of both.
Learning e lectronics is a lot
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That ' s what happens with CIE's
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37
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\,\0\ THE TEST EQUIPMENT SPECIALISTS
A

Magnetic Garnet
r------ Epitaxial Layer
ALL ABOUT
BUBBLE MEMORY
DEVICES
ROBERT F. SCOTT
SEMICONDUCTOR EDITOR
YOU'VE PROBA BLY READ BR IEF A NNOUNCEMENTS OF NEW USES
for " bubble memor y" devices or watched as a TV scie nce
reporter demonstrated some futuri stic device that would soon be
made possible through the use of bubbl e memory. If thi s has
given you the impression that bubble memory is a new revolu-
tionary techn ology or a science-fiction-like development that
will never touch your personal life, you' re dead' wro ng ~ Certain-
Iy you've misdialled a telephone number and heard the follow-
ing anno uncement : . ,We' re sorrv. Your cal! did not go through.
Please check the number and dial again or ask your operatorfor
assistance. " Thi s is an example of bubble memory in speech
synthes is and teleph one swi tchi ng.
The patent covering the discovery of the magnetic bubbl e and
the fact that bubbl es ca n be generated, replicated and era sed was
granted to Bell Laborator ies scientists Richard C. Sherwood,
William F. Schockley . Umbe110 F. Gianola, and Andrew H.
Bobeck way back in 1966 . An article in the Bell Labs Record,
JunelJul y 1970 anno unce d that magneti c bubbles can be used to
record , store and read data simp ly by applying and manipulating
externa l magneti c for ces. The presence or absence of a bubbl e at
a given location represent s a logic " 1.. or "0" , respecti vel y.
In the November 1976 issue of the Record. Bell Laboratories
announced a voice-message recorder using bubbl e memory
technology. The anal og message is encoded into a di gital format
and stored in the bubbl e memor y until needed. The digit ally
store d data can be read out, decoded and convert ed back into the
origi nal voice announcement. Twelve seconds of digiti zed voice
or twel ve pages of single-space typewritt en text containing
280, 000 bit s of data can be stored on a single IO-mm by 10-mm
square chip. This put s the chip in the same class as a 250K bit
memory with 64K bytes of memor y storage .
The magnetic bubble memory (MBM) combines the read/
write featur es of RAM' s, the non- vol atilit y of ROM' s, and is
competitive in storage capacity with tape and- disk systems.
Ta ble I compar es the performan ce advantages and di s-
advantages of bubble memori es with ROM ' s, PROM' s ,
RAM' s, and floppi es.
What is a bubble?
Essen tially, magneti c bubbl es are formed in a thin magnet ic
materi al that is polarized . Each magneti c bubbl e is a micro scop-
ic magneti c cylinder of rever se pol arization to that of the thin
o
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39
b
N N N N
{(LJ ct{(LJ 0S- - - MAGNETICBUBBLE
S S S SS SS S
NRNR
S S S S

{(LJ L?LJ
S NS NS N S N
N N N N
L?LJ ct {(LJ
S SS SS S S S
ROTATING
MAGNETIC
INPLANE
FIELD

I
TT
L?LJ
The bubbl es are 3 IJ-m in diameter and are stable within a
given range of bias intensity. Above this range. bubbles sudden-
ly collapse and disappear. Bel ow this range. they spontaneously
return to the original serpentine-s haped magneti c regions.
In bubbl e memori es. built -in permanent magnet s arc used to
prov ide the corr ect bias intensity. Thus bubble memories are
non-vol at ile-that is. inform at ion is not lost if electr ical power
is interrup ted .
Variable electromagnetic fie lds par allel to the film' s surface
are used to move the bubbles latera lly (li ke hockey pucks)
around in the film. The abili ty to generate and manipu late
magneti c bubbl es is the basis for the bubble memory device. The
presence of a bubbl e at a given locat ion repr esent s a logic I : the
abse nce of a bubbl e represents a logic O.
In pr acti ce. the varying electr omagnetic field is generated by
a pair of electromagneti c coils wound around the chip at right
angles to each other and fed triangle-waveform currents that are
90
0
out-of-phase. This prod uces a rotati ng electromag netic field
that propel s the bubbles along a " propagation" track formed
from thinfilm patt erns of Permall oy- a soft nickel-i ron mag-
Stored data not
readily changed
DISADVANTAGES
Slower access
Slower transfer rate
Slower access
Slower transfer rate
TABLE 1
Bubble memory
vs RAM
Bubble memory
vs Floppy disk
Bubble memory
vs ROM or PROM
ADVANTAGES
Higher reliability
Non-mechanical
Smaller size
Faster access
Simpler interface
Media integrity
Non-volatile
More bits per device
Reduced board space
Programmability
More bits per device
Less board space
magnet ic substance that surrounds It. These bubbles are the
indi vidual memor y ce lls in the . 'b ubble mcmorv' that are
comparabl e to the individual memory ce lls in a convent ional
semiconductor memor y clement. The import ant point is that
physicall y. they are much sma ller and therefore a lot more
memory capac ity fits into the same amo unt of space. Now let' s
take a look at how these dev ices are fabricated.
The approxima tely square bubble memory chips are
fabri cated onto 3- inch diameter single-crys tal epitaxial garnet
wafers. The wafers have two layer s: a non-magnet ic gadolinium
gallium garne t (GG G) substrate about 0.0 15-inch thick support-
ing a zrown film of magneti c garnet. (The film is 3 micromet ers
120 milli onths -of an inch- and is composed of
yttrium samarium calcium iron gar nct .) Each 3-inch wafer can
be sliced to yield up to 44 chips.
When the magneti c film is formed. it is magneti zed at right
angles to its surface so that regions of both pol ari zation
and South pol arizati on ex ist. The magnetic regions (see Fig .
l -a) are serpe ntine in shape and the surface areas of the North
and South pol arizati ons arc eq ual in tot al size.
When an externa l mag netic field (bias field) is applied per-
pend icul ar to the film surface . magneti c regions having the same
pol arizati on as the bias field expand. At the same time . regio ns
with reverse pol arization shr ink. As the intensity of the magneti c
bias is increas ed . magnetic regions of the reverse pol ari zati on
shrink until they become mic roscop ic magne tic cy linders
(" bubbles" ) as shown in Fig. l- b.
b
Fig. 2-PROPAGATION TRACK is made of a soft ferromagneti c materi al
shaped as chevrons, T-bars or asymetrical half-circles as shown in a. The
rotat ing magnetic field changes the instantaneous magnetic polarity of
the track elements; causing the bubbles to move down the track as in b. In
this instance, the bubbles have " 5" polarity and are attracted to " N" or
North poles of the track elements.
net ic material-laid down in the form of T- bars. or asy mmetric-
al " chevron s" or semicircles. See Fig. 2. The bubbl es move
along under the chevrons: j ump ing from one to the other as the
pol ari zati on of the rotating bias fiel d changes . The bubble
moves one stage along the pattern for each 360
0
revolution of the
magneti c field.
Figure 3-a shows how a simple rect angul ar propagation track
of chevrons can be laid out on the magneti c garnet film. In
pract ice. the track can follow various pat hs. One approach is a
track that is compactl y folded back and forth across the chip.
The bubble stream is kept in co ntinuous mot ion. passing a
"write" head at one point and a "rcad" head at anot her point.
Data is read as the bubb les make a full revolut ion around the
track .
Figure 3-b shows the basic construction of a magnetic bubble
mem-ory device. The chi p is surr ounded by two right -angle coils
iJ\ XTERNAL FIELD
NON MAGNETI C
4-- - - SUBSTRATE(GGG)
r-- - - FERROMAGNETICSINGLECRYSTAL
THINFILM(GARNET)
Fig. 1-WITHOUT EXTERNAL MAGNETIC FIELDt he " 5" and " N" magnet-
ic domains have equal surface areas so the effecti ve magnetic moment i s
zero (a). When external magneti c f ield (b) is applied, domains having
opposite polarity shrink into micros copi c magneti c cyli nders call ed " bub-
bles " .
MAGNETICBUBBLE

(J)
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PERMANENT
\
.._; . ,\ It,
FIELD ./' ,0,'/. ,; < ;;;'
COIL _
b
Fig. 3-PERMALLOY CHEVRONS shown in a are pl aced on the garnet
f ilm/by using printed-circuit techniques. They are energized by the mag-
netic field from a pair of cro ssed f ield coils (b) fed out-of-phase AC
voltages.
to provide the rot ating magnetic bi as fie ld to drive the bubbles,
Thi n rectangular pe rmanent magnet s are added top and bott om
to devel op the perpend icul ar bias field to ge nerate and sustain
the bubbles . These permanent magnet s preser ve the bubbl es 1Il
the memor y: even whe n the rotati ng magn eti c field is removed
or power sources fail. This characterist ic makes the bubble
memor y as non -vol atil e as di sks or tap e . In per-
manent magnet s provide a permanent magn eti c field of such
strength that bubbles can eas ily be ge nerated. sus ta ined , and
eras ed .
To make full use of magnet ic bubbl es as a memory device . we
must be able to erase or . . annihilate" old bubbles. generate ne w
ones . " replicate " ex isting bubbles int o two new ones. tran sfer
selecte d bubbl es fro m one track or loop to another. and detect
the presen ce or ab sence of a bubble at a given locati on and point
in time .
stored in me mory.
:'f--...
\
\
i THEBUBBLE TAKES
THE
/ PULSE CURRENT FLOWS.

PICKAX
Bubble eraser
The meth od for erasi ng a magnet ic bubble uses the same
technique for switc hing the directi on of a magnetic bubbl e.
Instead of be ing shifte d int o or from a secondary storage loop.
the bubble is removed fro m the storage loop and erased by an
electromagneti c pul se of proper pol arit y.
Switching bubble direct ion
Bubbles are transferred fro m one track to anot her by a Per-
mall oy patt ern (Fig . 5) simi lar to the bubble ge nera.tor . If the
" hairpin" is pulsed when the rotat ing magnetic hel d IS as
shown. the bubble approachi ng fro m the right is inhi bit ed fro m
moving left war d and is diverted upward onto the inter sect ing
track. Here' s how it works . Whe n a bubble is locat ed at the right
. . picka x" po int and a pulse of curre nt is fed through the" hair-
pin " . field polarities momen tarily bloc k further movement to.
the left and the bubble is di verted int o the upper path by action of
the rot at ing magnetic f ield .
(/)
TAKES THIS
WAY WHENNOPULSE
CURRENT FLO\fiS.
Fig. 5-PATTERN FOR CHANGING BUBBLE DIRECTION is similar to bub-
ble generator. If current pulse i s fed to hai rpin when direction of rotating
field is as shown, bubble is diverted upward and inhibited from leftward
movemen t.
SOFT FERROMAG NETIC
PATTERN BUBBLES
SUBSTRATE
PICKAX
How bubbles are generated
The bubbl e ge ne rator most often used is. a " hairpin" con -
ductor loop inserted bet ween the ga rne t film and .a spec ial
"picka x" shape Pe rma lloy che vron on prop agati on tr ack.
See Fi g. 4. Whe n a pul se of current IS passed thr ough the
" hairpin" loop . it ge nerates a magnetic field oppos ite to the bias
field in the directi on that causes a bubbl e to form. Th e bubble IS
JL PULSE CURRENT
NONMAGNETIC
PATTERN (HAIRPIN) i
A BUBBLE ISGENERAnDHERE WHEN
THE PULSE CU"RE" FLOWS. N
rrf\
U ROTATING MAGNETIC FIELD
Fig. 4-A NONMAGNETI C HAIRPIN is placed the f!lm ?nd .a
Permalloy pattern. Bubble forms if hairpin is pulsed while rotating f ield IS
oriented as shown.
then rapi dl y passed along the track by the rotat ing magnetic
field . This process is repeated as dat a IS wn tte n bit-by-b it and
Bubble detection
Bubble det ecti on for dat a recover y can either be destru cti ve
(the bubbl e is destroyed and does not remai n in the storage
or nondestru ct ive (the bubbl e re ma ins in the memor y). Re plica -
tion or bubbl e di vi sion is used in nondestru cti ve detection. One
bub ble continues along the normal path and remains in storage:
the other is di verted to the det ect or and then erase d .
CURRENTI N
"
I I I BUBBLE CHANGES
----... - I I RESISTANCE OF
BUBBLESSTRETCH I I I DETECTOR

Fig. 6-BUBBLES ARE ELONGATED as the y move f rom one " st retcher"
pattern to the next. Bubbles are st retched t o pro vide higher output from
the Hall-effect detector.
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41
The bubbl e to be read passes under seve ral rows of sym-
metrical chevrons (Fig. 6) which ca uses the bubble to stretch so
its length is several hundred times the normal diamete r. Thi s
Fig. 7-BUBBLE REPLICATOR or splitter stretches bubble when rotating
field angle is at(b) If hairpin is pulsed atthis t ime, bubble spl its as shown in
(c). The two bubbles leave and move along different propagation t racks as
field angle advances 90'.
Bubble memory architeture
The basic bubble memor y configurat ion is a simple ser ial loop
shift register as illustr ated in Fig. 8. This system has severa l
disadvant ages. One of the maj or ones is that access time is long
because bub bles mus t ci rculate thro ugh the entire str ing of
chevrons before they can be read. Access time ca n range from
370 to 750 ms. Anot her di sadvantage is that perfect operation
depends on a near-per fect de vice . Defects in substrate . garnet
film. or the etc hed chevron pattern decrease producti on yield
and increase cos t. For these reasons most bubbles memories usc
arc hitect ure (sys tem designs) that have much shorter acce ss
times and all ow for many defect s in chip geo metry . These will
be dis cussed in a foll owin g issue . R-E
Bubble replicator
Figure 7 shows the rep lica tion process. It is based on the same
pattern as the bubble generator and switcher. Th e bubble
approach ing from the right is elonga ted or stretched at the top of
the pickax. It splits into halves when the hairpin is pulsed while
the rotat ing magnetic field is in the angular area enco mpas sed by
the direc tional arrows. One of these bubb les is diverted upward
to the bubb le de tector and eventua l destruction while the other
continues along the normal path and rema ins in the memory.
much-elonga ted bubb le is passed under a patt ern of series -
connected chevrons made of a special Hall-effect (magnc-
torcsi sti vc ) material. (Hall -effect materi als arc those co nductors
whose resistance varies with the strength of a surrounding mae-
netic field. ) A current of several milliampere s is pas sed through
the magnctorcsisti vc det ector . As the stretc hed bubble passes
through the detector. it causes the dev ice resista nce to drop
sharply. This incr eases CUITent flow sufficiently to prod uce an
output pul se. of around 10 milli volt s. that ca n be co nverted into
a standard di git al electro nic pul se .
d b

u: Jl!
= =
...,
= I C::::::J
[F!LJ
4
GENERATE
Fig. 8-THE BASIC BUBBLE MEMORY uses a ser ial-loop shift-register
configuration. Access (or data-recovery) time is long because the data to
be read must circulate through the entire loop.
=={]

UI I !(
=

>
DIRECTION OF
MAGNETIC FIELD
******************************************
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ABOUT THE LEAST EXPENSIVE COMPUTER YOU CAN FI D IS TilE
Sinclair ZX81. also marketed as the Timex 1000. It uses an
eight-bit ZSOA CPU and is available as a kit from Sinclair for
under 5S0. and assembled and tested from both Sinclair for
Timex for less than SIOO. It support a high-level version of
BASIC which is resident in the unit itself as SK of ROM
(Read-Only Memory) and which. despite its somewhat small
size by today's standard. offers a number of unique and time-
saving features.
The ZX81 is primarily a tool for learning how to program in
BASICand, while it is not the most sophisticated of machines on
the market. it is very muchso for its price class. It even becomes
more sophisticated with the 16K memory-expansion module
that plugs into the back of the unit.
The capabilities of the ZX81 don't end there. though. It is
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ers by 24 lines, or roughly half that of the CRT (Cathode Ray
Tube) display of most other computer on the market. The
tradeoff is that the display characters are double- ized.
Not only will this machine teach you a little about kit building
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BASIC. And. once you have learned to program. you can store
the results of your work on tape via a built-in cassette interface.
If you are a touch typist, you probably won't like the
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embossed on the nat face of the keyboard and you have to watch
where you put your fingers. The keyboard appear better for the
hunt-and-peck typist. rather than for the touch typist. In its
favor. though. is the fact that this type of keyboard will prevent
all sorts of messy accidents if there are children around the
house.
A particularly interesting feature of the computer is its
defined-function keys. With them, it is possible to enter an
entire BASIC tatement or command with just one keystroke.
There is also a line editor through which you will be able to
correct mistakes when your program refuses to run.
Apparently realizing that a membrane-type of keyboard i not
necessarily the best way to go. Sinclair has come out with
another mini-microcomputer. the ZX Spectrum that uses a more
standard one. It offers quite a bit more than the ZX81 and. while
it costs more. it' scheduled to ell for less than 350 when it
arrives here late this year (it's currently available in England).
The language used is still a ROM-resident BASIC, but the
Spectrum comes with 16K of RAM; thus, the user can do more
with the system. And. by adding an expansion module. the
Spec trum is able to address up to 4SKof RAM. That is the same
amount of RAM found on many more sophisticated and ex-
pensive sy terns and should also give this computer the ability to
make use of higher-level software.
The Spectrum keyboard. too. deserves some comment. It i
much like the calculator-key-type keyboard that has been
offered by some other computer manufacturers. That type of
keyboard has never had a great deal of success in the personal-
computer marketplace and manufacturers have had to change
their keyboard to more typewriter-like unit . It may cause
problems for Sinclair, as well. In its favor. though, the keyboard
of the newSpectrum has several user-definable keys that should
allow a one-stroke user call of specific functions.
The higher level of the Spectrum system is evident in its
ability to address up to lOOK of mass-storage space per drive on
its 5Y2-inch floppy-disk drives.
Where the unit does fall down is in it display. which.
although it offers color. is still a limited to 32 character by 24
line.
The ZX81 and Spectrum are only two examples of the many
forms microcomputers take. They can range from a calculator-
like handheld device through a larger computer-in-a-keyboard
type to a full-blown, business-ready. bus-oriented machine.
Sharp/Radio Shack
Low-cost handheld microcomputers are represented by the
Sharp Electronics PC-I2 11 and PC-1500 and the Radio Shack
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THE SHARP PC-1500 uses an eight -bit CPU. It Is shown here with Its
optional four-color printer/piotter.
TRS-80 Pocket Computer and TRS-80 Pocket Computer-Z (also
known as the TRS-80 PC-2). Each computer bears two
designations-Sharp's and Radio Shack's-because Sharp
makes virtually identical handheld units for itself and for Radio
Shack. The lower-priced PC-/2 / / IPocket Computer demon-
trate that not all microcomputers are driven by eight-bit microp-
roce sor . Instead. they use dual four-bit CMOS microprcessors
one of which handles the arithmetic functions of the handheld.
and the other of which handles the resident BASIC and input.
These handhelds are programmable in Pocket BASIC and
feature a I .9K memory that is automatically partitioned for
program and data storage.
A user can load or save programs u ing an optional cassette
interface: there is also a combination printer/cassette interface
available to produce hard copy of any program.
The beauty of the handheld microcomputer is that it can be
taken anywhere and be used to solve problems and perform
calculations in the field . It is useful in engineering. scientific.
student. and hou ehold applications. and there is software avail-
able for all those areas .
The pocket computers are adverti sed as having a true
"QWERTY" (standard typewriter) keyboard. However. you
will quickly discover from the size of the keys that if you want to
enter data quickly. you had better do it one key at a time . The
keys . while they have a positive feel. are a bit on the small side
and don't lend themselves to touch typing. Above and to the
right of the keyboard is a bank of user-definable keys by which a
user can either call a predefined function or routine. Once set up.
they are kept in memory for the life of the computer's batteries.
so you can recall them at any time at the touch of a button.
The liquid-crystal display (LCD) is limited to one line of 24
characters formed by a 5 x 7 dot matrix . When the line-limit is
reached. the remaining characters are automatically dumped to
the next line.
As powerful as those microcomputer are. they don't can't
hold a candle to the much more powerful PC-/500 and TRS-80
Pocket Computer-Z . both of which feature true eight-bit CPU' s.
But. then. the (twice) four-bit unit are much lower in price. at
SI60 and SI49.95. respectively.
Again. the higher-priced-S300 for the Sharp PC-/500 and
$279 .95 for the TRS-80 PC-2-pocket computers are both
actually made by Sharp. As mentioned earlier. they use true
CMOS eight-bit CPUs. They are fairly fast because they boast
HOW TO USE THIS SPECIAL SECTION
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46
FIFrEEN YEARS AGO YOU NEVER WOULD HAVE BELIEVED I T ~ WHO
would have thought there would be a day when a sophisticated
computer.would be available for less than a mega -dollar figure ?
After all. didn't computers require racks upon racks of com-
ponent s. di spl ay. tape drives. card readers. and so on?
But. look at what's happened . Computers are everywhere :
Computers have shrunk several orders of magnitude in size and
price . and the computing power of a machine that used to occupy
an entir e room is now available in a device that you can slip into
your pocket. Price s have fallen correspondingly. and that hand-
held computer may cost less than the suit whose pocket it' s being
carri ed in.
Responsible for the revo lution is the integrated circuit. or Ie.
Just as transistors replaced vacuum tube s in earl y mainframe
(big) computers . Ie' s--eont aining thousands upon thousands of
transistors-have repl aced those discrete semiconductors. Cir-
cuits that used to occupy an entire equipment rack now fit on a
" chip " of silicon smaller than your fingernai l-and that piece
of silicon into a . 'package" smaller in volume than your thumb.
A whole CP U (Central Processing Unit- the heart of a com-
puter ) like the Z80. 6502 . or 6800 can be had for under S7.00:
just look at the ads at the back of this magazine! Simi larly.
computer-memory Ie' s have dropped tremendou Iy in price.
while their capacity ha increased dramatically. Just a few years
ago. 16K (about 16.000 characters ' worth) of memory for Radio
Shack' s or iginal TRS-80 computer was a bargain at SI20 .00 .
Today. the same memory Ie' s are ava ilable for about Vb that
price. Along the same lines: Not too long ago. the most common
memory IC had a capaci ty of j u t I K ( 1024 bits): eight of them
would give your computer I K of memor y. Today. a single IC
can provide sixteen times the capacity of the older ones . at less
than half the price- and the trend continue .
Price decreases brought about by advances in technology.
together with the fact that computers are now mass-produced
rather than built indi viduall y. have made mall computers for
the home and busines s an affordable realit y.
In this. the hardware portion of the "Your Own Computer"
supplement to Radio-El ectronics, we' II look at small-computer
systems in order of increasing price- from SI00 (or less) to over
$4500. Within each price category well describe the equipment
available. based on information supplied by manufacturers. You
should bear in mind that options other than those shown exist for
almost all systems. and that the prices shown in the tables apply
specifically to the items described there . If a printer is men-
tioned. its price is incl uded in the tot al shown. If a print er is not
menti oned. that does not mean it is unavai lable: such devices as
printers and disk dri ves. known as peripherals. are generally
available from a number of source other than the computer
manufacturer. Before we plunge into descripti ons of the compu-
ter systems themsel ves . let' s consider how a system can be
configured-either by a manufacturer or by you.
Peripherals in general
Many-but not all--eomputers can be purchased ready to
plug in and run. They will usually come with a certain (minimal)
amount of memory. and have provi ions for a video display and
for storing programs and data on audio ca settes or floppy disk .
The displ ay and storage devices may or may not be included in
the purchase price (check the tabl es carefully when you' re
making price comparisons). Whil e printers may be offe red by a
manufacturer . they-generall y are not includ ed in the price of the
computer sy tem.
Regardl es of whether or not a part icul ar device is included in
the entire system package. the computer can usually be pur-
cha ed without it and. in many ca es . you will want to do that
and then add the per ipherals that wi ll be t meet your need .
Computers and memory
Without memory. a computer is u eless-it has no place to
store a program or to manipulate data. Most computers come
1.3-MHz clock peeds: in fact. their peeds are comparable to
those of some full-featured personal computers . The e second-
generation devices recognize 42 statements . 34 functions and 6
commands. which are accessible from the 65-key keyboard .
They are able to handle complex programs thanks to an
Extended Pocket BASIC language that is resident in ROM. In
fact. the user ha direct memory access and the e machines can
easily handle rna kable and timer interrupts. Just those func-
tions. alone . give you an idea of the power of the computers .
More is added by their string-handling capabilities. They arc
able to handle 80-character. two-dimensional arrays and will
recognize such command a. LEFr !\llDS. RIGHTS. LEN. VAL.
CIIRS. and STRS (refer to a good text on BASIC to sec how
valuable those can be).
The keyboard. also . et up along "QWERTY" lines. but
which reallv isn't suitable for fast data entrv due to its small
keys. 18 programmable keys. 18 and 10
THE RADIO SHACK TRS-80 Pocket Computer uses two , four-bit, micro-
processors.
with a minimal amount of memory. usually ranging from 4K to
16K. Whil e that is adequate for game-playing and simple home
applicat ions. a computer used for more serio us purposes wi ll
generally require at least 48K of memory. Most of the computers
menti oned here can be expanded to that point. or beyond.
A few computer s-the' ' micromainframes. " which are used
in high-end microcomputer systems-arc ava ilable with no
memorv or CPU at al l. Some of them arc shown in the low-end
tables. 'but you should bear in mind that the price shown is for
just the skeleton of the system-a chassis. power supply. and
mother board (the board that carries the bus signals); everything
else is extra. The same . ora similar. mainframe will normally be
found with add-e ns in a higher-l evel tabl e.
External data-storage
Every computer comes with either a cassette interface or a
disk dri ve (or drives) to allow programs and data to be stored for
futur e use. The tabl es shown a typical configuration for the price
range in question . In almost eve ry case there are options ava il-
able to the user-s-either from the computer manufactur er or from
outside suppliers- to permit the addition or expansion of disk
facilities. Those. of course. will increase the price of the overall
system. Add-on floppy-disk dri ves start at about S500.00 and
can cos t several thousand dollars for a dual. double-sided.
doubl e-density eight-inch system capable of stor ing about two
megabytes (two million bytes = 16 milli on bits).
Winchester disk systems. capable of storing five megabytes
and more. start bet ween S2000 and S3000 but-at least these
days-are used mostly for " serious" applicat ion.
If you can afford it. you should have a two-dri ve syste m. Not
only will you enjoy a greater storage capacity. but you will also
find it much eas ier and faster to copy files from one disk to
anot her. Perhaps more important is the fact that. if the capacity
of a sing le disk is rather sma ll (lOOK or less). it may not be
possible for it to hold the DOS (Disk Operating System). pro-
gramis) , and the data you will require. Its better to use the first
drive of a dual-dri ve sys tem for the DOS and program. and the
second for data.
HARDWARE
$100.$500
preprogrammed command keys.
The e computers are easily able to handle such tasks as
process control. data logging. and instant monitoring via an
add-on RS-232C serial port. A communications package that
will allow a person to use the computers as intelligent terminals
for phone line access (electronic mail i also a po sibility) is
scheduled soon .
Through the 60-pin connector on the side. these units can be
connected to either a cassette interface or a combination color
printer-plotter cassette interface. That gives the user access to
already existing cassette-based software and allows him to cre-
ate and save his own programs and data files. The mas storage
is only limited by the length of the cas cttc tape. and a short tape
will hold plenty!
Printers
When a printer is shown as part of a system in one of the
tables. it is usually a medium-priced model. and is included to
give you an idea of what the entire system-price would be.
Print ers are available start ing from about S300 and goi ng up to
more than 53000. Generally the print quality impro ves as the
price increases: sometimes speed is also a factor tied int o price .
The recent introducti on of several letter -quality daisy-wheel
printers for under SI000 is something that has long been waited
for. and should make putting together a system able to provide
typewriter-qualit y output a much less expensive proposition
than it has been until now. The qualit y is achi eved at the expense
of speed. but the sacrific e should be worth it to many.
Input/output devices
Most computers require a keyboard for input and some kind of
video displ ay for output. Inexpensive computers usually have a
built-in keyboard or keypad and provisions for connection to a
video monit or or TV receiver. In the case of the latter. an RF
modul ator will be requi red if it is not built into the computer.
Some computers . like Commodor e' s CBM line. and the
Osborne I have everything built in. Others. primaril y the' 'rni c-
ro-mainframes. " supply nothing: a terminal-a combination
keyboard and displ ay unit-must be added, Terminal prices
start at around 5600.
We' ve tried to indi cate what the situation is with regard to
each computer . but bear in mi nd that some. like the Apple II.
may offer you several options for a display device.
How to read the tables
The tables incl uded with each pr ice-category section show
which computers . features. and accessories you can expec t to
find in a typical syste m within that price range. If a sys tem has
been upgraded from a previo us table. the new infor mation
appears in color. The tables will give you an idea of what you
can get for a given price: a loca l computer store will be able to
answer your questions and tail or a system to your specific
requirements. R-E
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defined-a further indication of the power of these units. That
isn't all that is user-definable. though. The size of the printer
characters. as well as their color (there are four to choose from).
can also be defined. The printer can be use for plotting as well as
for hard-copy backup of any programs you may have written.
Commodore
Leaving the handheld microcomputers and returning to the
computer-in-a-keyboard types. we find they are offered by some
famous names in the computer and home-entertainment fields.
One such company i s Commodore Business Machines-
originators of the PET computer.
Commodore manufacturers several keyboard-only (the entire
computer is housed inside the keyboard enclosure) machines.
Perhaps you have heard of the VIC 20. It i s one of theirs. as well
as is another under-$500 unit known as the MAX Machine.
Atone time. the VIC 20 was the low end of the CBM lineup; at
$295, it certainly is inexpensive. However. it has been replaced
as Commodore's least expensive model by the MAX Machine.
which has a price tag of $179.95. What is common to both units.
and the rest of the Commodore lineup (except for the very-top-
of-the-line model), is an eight-bit microprocessor. All CBM
machines are driven by one form or another of the 65xx (6502.
6509.6510, etc.) family of CPUs.
8 bits N/A
8 bits N/A
8 bits NIA
8 bits N/A
8 bits N/A
8 bits N/A
4 bits NTA
N/A
8 bits NIA
2 x 4 NA
bits
8 bits N/A
8 bits NTA
8 bits N/A
8 bits NTA
( commodore
ACOMBINATIONcomputer, video game, and music synthesizer, the MAX
Machine is Commodore's least expensive model.
Furthermore, the printer/cassette interface. allows two cas-
setterecorders to be connected to make file handling simpler and
to provide greater storage capacity.
Admittedly, the 4K of RAM that comes with these computers
isn't very much. but it can be expanded to 16K through a plug-in
module.
Again, the displays are LCD's with 7-by -156-dot resolution.
Special alphanumeric or graphics characters can be user-
TABLE 1-$100-$500
Manufactu rer Model Price CPU
Atari Home Atari 400 $299 6502B
Computers
1192 Borregas
Sunnyvale. CA 94086
Commodore Business VIC 20 $295 6502
Machines
487 Devon Pk. Rd.
Wayne, PA 19087
Commodore Business CBM MAX $179 6510
Machines
Heath Co. H-8 $350 8080
Benton Harbor, (kit)
MI 49022
MIA COM OSI OSI $350 6502
7 Oak Pk. Superboard
Bedford, MA 01730
Netronlcs Research Explorer 85 $129.95 8085
333 Litchfield Rd.
New Milford, CT 06776
Netronics Researcli EL
"
$99.95 1802
Radio Shack TRS-80 $149.95 2 custom
One Tandy Center Pocket CMOS
Fort Worth, Computer
TX 76102 (pC-1)
Radio Shack TRS-80 $279.95 CMOS
Pocket
Computer 2
(PC-2)
Radio Shack TRS-80 $399.00 6809
Color
Computer
Sharp Electronics PC-1211 $160 custom CMOS
10 Keystone PI.
Paramus, NJ 07652
Sharp Elect ronics PC-1500 $300 custom CMOS
en
Sinclair Research ZX Spectrum under Z80A
U
Ltd. $300
Z 50 Staniford SI.
0
Boston, MA 02114
a:
I- Sinclai r Research ZX81 $99.95 Z80A
U
($79.95 w
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w
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Timex Timex 1000 $99.95 Z80A
0 1579 Straits Tpke.
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Middlebury, CT 06762
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48
Word
Length
8 bits
Disk
Operating
System(s)
N/A
Language(s)
BASIC
assembly,
Pilot
BASIC
BASIC
BASIC
BASIC
machine
machine
BASIC
BASIC
BASIC
BASIC
BASIC
BASIC
BASIC
BASIC
The MAX Machine is a three-in-one computer. It is a compu-
ter. a game machine. and a music synthesizer. all in one pack-
age. It has a membrane keyboard but. rather than being com-
pletely smooth. the keyboard has indentations where the keys
are. That should- make it much more convenient to usc. It's a
compromise between a full-keyboard. such as the one found on
the VIC 20 and the flat membrane-type keyboard used by the
ZX8/ .
The CPU in the MAX Machine is a 6510. It differs from other
65xx-series CPU's in that it has more input and output lines . It
can "play"not only arcade-type games, but also educational
and musical ones . The firmware-program-containing IC's
within the machine-is capable of generating 16 colors and 3
independent. 9-octave voices for 3-part musical harmony.
You don 't have to rely on pre-programmed game cartridges
for this computer. Instead. you can write your own programs.
creating your own characters and games. and then save them on
cassette tape for future usc.
But. the MAX isn't just a game machine . It is also a home
computer, capable of being programmed in BASIC (or as CBM
calls it. "MAX Machine BAS IC"). The MAX Machine is
capable of nine-digit numeric accuracy and features a range of
built-in math functions. It can handle both words and math
strings. and its BASIC can be translated for use with other CBM
HARDWARE
$100.$500
computers.
There are several peripheral devices available, not the least of
which is the sophisticated Sound Interface Device . Wi th that
unit. the MAX Machine can produce music and sound effects
which may rival those of other music synthesizers now on the
Memory/Storage
16K cassette
interface
5K/cassette
interface
N/A!
cassette interface
4K/cassette
interface
256 bytes/
cassette interface
256 bytes/
cassette interface
1424-step/
N/A
4K/N/A
4K/cassette
interface
1424-stepl
N/A
3.5K/
N/A
16K/cassette
interface
1K/cassette
interface
1K/cassette
interface
Expansion Keyboard
57 keys,
membrane
66 keys, 4 user-
programmable
64 keys, 4 user-
programmable
16-key keypad
standard
hex keypad
65 keys, 6 user
programmable,
3 levels
65 keys, 6 user
programmable.
3 levels
53 button-type keys
65 keys. 6 user-
programmable. 3
levels
65 keys, 6 user -
programmable. 3
levels
standard
membrane
membrane
I/O
4 serial.
serial,
paraliel
N/A
N/A
serial
serial
N/A
N/A
NA
serial
N/A
N/A
serial
N/A
N/A
Display
N/A
24-character
LCD
24-character
LCD
8 colors.
192 x 256
24-character
LCD
24-character
LCD
32 x 24 text
32 x 24 text
32 x 24 text
Comments
micro-
mainframe
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AS WE GO TO PRESS
M/A-COM-OSI has announced that it is discontinuing many of its
personal computer lines. The only systemsthat will remaininproduc-
tion are the C4P-MF-48K, which has been renamed the CIOO; the
C2-0EM, nowthe 220C; the C2D, nowthe 220E; the C3-0EM, now
the 240C; the C3D, nowthe 230E; the C3C, now2501, andthe C3B,
nowthe 250J. Be awarethat whilethe other OSI systems mentioned
in this section may remain available for some time, the availabili tyof
future support for those systems is highly questionable.
ANOTHERINEXPENSIVEMACHINEfrom Commodore, the VIC20's mem-
ory can be expanded to 32K.
market. You can create not only three-part harmony over nine
octaves. but can also program the attack. decay. sustain and
release times through an ADSR (Attack. Decay. Sustain. Re-
lease) generator. The sound section also has a programmable
filter and offers variable resonance.
The computer has a built-in RF modulator so it can be used
with an ordinary color (or black-and-white) TV receiver. Mass
storage is via a cassette recorder.
The other under-S500 CBM unit is the VIC 20 mentioned
previously. Driven by an 8-bit 6502. the VIC 20 is a powerful
home/game computer. It comes with 5K of RAM. but that is
probably insufficient for most operating tasks so it is advisable
to obtain one of the plug-in memory expansion modules. avail-
able in 3K. 8K. and 16Ksizes: thus. it is possible to increase the
amount of RAM to 32K. The systemlanguage is ROM-resident
Pet BASIC.
This is a good system on which to learn programming-CBM
supplies a very good BASIC primer that leads you step-by-step
through the language.
Although the system is aimed at the low-end market. it is
capable of being expanded into quite a powerful one. The
66-key keyboard has a number of dual function keys (the alter-
nate functions are indicated on the fronts of the keys).
While the keyboard is more-or-less standard. some of the
keys seem out of place when compared to other layouts. For
example. the colon/semi-colon functions are on two separate
(f)
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<: THEMEMORYCAPACITY. and the sophistication, of the Sinclair ZX81 can
a: be increased by adding a 16K memory-expansion module.
50
keys. and they are not located- as is usually the case-under the
right hand. That may prove awkward for someone used to
programming on a typewriter-style keyboard. as may "out of
place" quotation marks.
This computer. too. has a built-in RF modulator for use with a
TV set. The display is a double-sized 22 characters by 23 lines.
which is about one-quarter that of other. more expensive per-
sonal computers. Graphics resolution is a respectable 176 by
184 pixels (PIcture ELements) and the user has 16colors from
which to choose.
A WIDE VARIETY of peripherals are available for upgradi ng the Radio
Shack TRS-80 Color Compu ter.
The expansion capabilities of the VIC 20. though. com-
pensate greatly for the shortcomings of the keyboard and dis-
play. After more memory is added. system expansion can con-
tinue with the addition of a single. double-density 5V-t-inch
floppy-disk drive. That adds l70K of mass storage to the sys-
tem. As with most Commodore equipment. an IEEE-488 in-
terface is provided: an RS-232C serial port can be added.
For hard-copy backup. an 80-column dot-matrix printer is
available. which does make this system a complete home-
computing system. For telecommunication applications. it is
capable of interfacing with other computers via the phone lines
through the use of the VICMODEM.
Not only is the VIC 20 a learning tool. but it is also capable of
doing word processing with the additional of the VICWriter
cassette. And. if that' s not enough. it can also generate music
through four tone-generators and games can be played using
joystick controllers.
Radio Shack
Another of the keyboard-type computers on the market is the
TRS-80 Color Computer, manufactured by Radio Shack. At
S299 for a 4K unit. it is not expensive. but it does pack quite a lot
of potential.
In its most basic version. this 6809E-driven computer has 4K
of RAM. which. admittedly. i a bit limited for eriouscomputer
work. However . the sit uation ca n be corrected with the addi tion
of plug-in RAM. The Color Computer ca n have its RAM ex-
panded to 32K this way . In fact. to adva nce from the more
limited Co lor BASI C prog ramming language to the more-
powerful Extended Color BASIC. you need a mi nimum of 16K
of RAM. Both BAS IC are ROM-resident.
The number-crunching (calculating) capabil ities of this sys-
tem are slowed by its low clock-speed of .894 MHz. although it
should be perfect ly adequate for the many videogames avai lable
for this unit.
The Col or Computer feat ures a respectable re olution of 192
x 256 pixe ls and it is capable of generating up to 8 colors. Wit h
the extra RAM and the Extended Color BASIC installed. it is
also capable of handling some fairly sophisticated tasks. For
instance, not only is it capable of data and string handl ing. but it
can al 0 hand le dimensional arrays and has nine-place acc uracy
in its math functions . The Extended Color BASIC also provide
for sophisticated graphics. allowi ng such character generation
as creating circles. drawi ng figures. or screen pai nting.
St ring arrays of as much as 255 characters in length are also
allowa ble. as is user -definiti on of memor y content through the
use of PEEK and POK E commands. Machine-language routines
can be called from BASIC for use in programs that are written in
that language.
Although the system is ca pable of expansion into a fairly
power ful home computer due to the large number of peripher als
avai lable. the displ ay-limit of 32 characters by 16 lines. which
seems adeq uate for game playing and some programming.
would seem to be restrict ive for word processing.
A wide variety of peripherals is available. incl uding a color
receiver. cassette recorder. joystick controllers. 16K RAM up-
grade. 32K RAM upgrade. Extended Co lor BASIC. modem.
Editorl Assembler modul e. print er . mini -floppy disk drives and
plug-in controller pack.
The 53-key keyboard is anot her of the button-t ype and it
seems to have found a comfortab le niche in this computer. As
you can see. this unit can be made into quite a powerful system.
and we'll look at it more fully further on.
Atari
The last of the computers- in-a-keyboard is the Atari 400.
Perhaps Atari is best known to you a an electronics game
specialist. but it' s a short step from providing high-level-
graphics video games to providing home computing powe r. and
Atari has now made it with its $299 Atari 400.
This computer is another one using a membrane keyboard.
whic h i a plus whe re children or coffee spills abound. but which
can slow down a touc h typist.
Unlike other keyboard-computers on the market. the 400
seems to laek a one-key func tion option. Where other comput-
ers. like the Sincla ir . allow a user to have single-stroke access to
a progr ammi ng function and the keyboa rd is labeled as such. the
keyboard of the Atari 400 has no such provision.
Its primary strength eems to lie in its educational value .
There is a large amount of cas ette-ba ed educational software
avai lable for this unit. as we ll as games and communications
software. Additionally. ther e is a BASIC-programmin g cou rse
available.
Peripherals available include a cas sette recorder and a com-
munications interface. which allows you to con nect to various
databases . such as The Source and the Dow Jones Information
Services . The " Commun icator" package incl udes the phone-
interface modu le. aco ustic modem. and the Atar i Te lelink firm-
ware that make s it all work.
M/A COM OSI
The MIA COM-OSI Superboard is a bui lding-block type of
personal computer that starts out as a complete computer on a
board. Wha t that means is that the board contains the CPU.
memory. and all the I/O lines needed to make it a working unit.
All that has to be added is a 5-volt DC power supply and a video
HARDWARE
$100.$500
display. Included in thi s S350 unit are 4K of RAM. expandable
to 8K. along with 8K of ROM-resident BASI C. The unit also
contains video-output ci rcui try. a cassette interface . and an
integral keyboard.
Netronics
Continuing in thi s vein. we come to the venerable epitome of
the "roll your own" computers. the $99.95 Elf /I from Netro-
nics. It is one of the oldes t si ngle-board computer kits on the
market and is based on the RCA 1802-series CPU. For the
record. it is one of the last computer on the market to make u e
of Tiny BASIC.
The Elf /I is constructed on a small PC board. and uses a hex
(hexadec imal) keypad for programm ing in machine language. A
compos ite-video signal is also gene rated for display on a moni -
tor or on a TV receiver equipped with an RF modulator. RAM is
a rather limited 256 byte . but that is expandab le to 64K. (The
Elf/I is very expandable for a si ngle-boar d machine-about half
the board area is reserved for that purpose.) A full keyboard is
available as an option. Another peripheral is a A/D-DIA conver-
ter board.
A far more complete "roll your own" personal computer is
Netronics' Explorer 85 . It can be built into a rather powerful
system. A two- or six-slot S-I OO- bus (more about the S-l 00 bus
later) can be added. and from there. expansio n i virtually
unl imited . There are many expansion peripherals available .
includi ng RAM boards. of course. which can turn thi s syste m
into a powe rful eight-bit machi ne. They include keyboards.
CRT. eight-inc h disk dri ve. floppy-disk controller . audio board.
light pen. hex keypad. cabinetry and the CP/M disk-operati ng
system.
Micro-mainframes
The final und er -S500 ca tegory consists of the micro-
mai nframes-bare-bones computers (sometimes withou t even a
CPU)- that ca n be expanded into extremely complex and cap-
able systems . They usuall y use the S-l 00 bus. an arra ngeme nt
that uses 100 lines to carry address . data. and control informa-
tion to and from the various boards that are plugged into it. The
S-IOO bus was the first microprocessor bu . and is till goi ng
strong. especially in high-end computers .
Amo ng computers that can be conside red micro-mainframes.
are the Heath H8. and the IMSAI 8080 and 80/ 5.
The H8. in its basic form for S350 (kit ). provides you with a
power supply. motherboard . CPU and monitor ROM. an octal
keypad . and a 7-segment LED display.
The IMSAl' s. and other like them . in their least -expensive
kit vers ion. give you an enclosure. motherboard (usually S-
100). and power supply . Everything else is optional. but be-
cause the are seve ral hundred boards available for the S- l00 bus.
the sky 's the limit when it comes to puttin g together a complete
system. R-E
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Retail prices may vary at
individual stores and dealers.
Connects Directly to Phone Line
And Any RS-232-Equipped TRS-BO
Now your TRS-80 can access and
transfer data by telephone. Program
the Modem II to dial and answer, re-
ceive and transmit, even hang-up.
300 baud. FCC registered .
Cat. No. 26-1173. 5249
r----------------,
I Send me a free TRS-80 catalog . I
I Mail To: Radio Shack II
I Dept. 83-A-575
I 300 One Tandy Center I
I Fort Worth, Texas 76102 I
INAME I
I COMPANY I
I ADDRESS I
I ~ n I
I STATE ZIP I
J
Choose our professional Model III
Desktop Computer for more sophis-
ticated applications. You get the
same basic features as the smaller
model, but with 48Kinternal memory,
two built-in double-density mini disk
drives for 368K of program and data
storage and a built-in RS-232 Serial
Interface to communicate with other
computers using an optional tele-
phonecoupler,likeour newModemII
(right). Our powerful disk operating
system (TRSDOS) is included along
with an expanded Disk BASIC
language. And we have optional pro-
gramming languages to meet spe-
cific needs-choose from COBOL,
Assembler, Compiler BASIC and
FORTRAN. And of course the small-
est Model III can be upgraded to this
top of the Model III line. 52295
Cat. No. 26-1066.
Get a "hands-on" demonstration
of the TRS-80 Model III today at
more than 290 Radio Shack Com-
puter Centers and 6300 Radio Shack
stores and participating dealers na-
tionwide. Ask about our service and
leasing plans, too.
A Radio Shack Model III is a
versatile, self-contained computer
that can grow with you. Whether
you'reabeginneror apro, there's one
that fits your budget and intended
use. Andfeaturesyou'd expect to pay
extra for are standard on Model III.
The built-in "extras". Our 5999
system includes: a 65-key keyboard
with 12-key data pad, a 12"
high-resolutionmonitor, andaparallel
printer interface.
You get much more, including 16K
memory, powerful Model III BASIC
language, 500 and 1500 baud
cassetteoperation, 161inesof640r 32
upper and lower case characters,
repeating keys, special graphics
characters, program editor and real
time clock.
Model III is ready for awide range of
professional and personal uses.
Choose from our large library of
user-proven programs or develop
your ownapplicationsineasy-to-Iearn
BASIC. Just add a cassette recorder
to store and run programs
and data, Cat. No. 26-1062. $999
e
8 m
C Interface
Or Get It All with Our 52295
Model III Desktop Computer
HARDWARE
$500.$1000
$500to$1000
(I"
" \
C:' j
. "
~ .. MARC STERN
You might be surprised at how much computing power you can get at a modest cost. Here's
a look at what's available in this price range.
IF YOU THINK TIlE LEVEL OF SOPHISTICATION Al\IONG THE SIOOTO
$500 microcomputers is high. then that of those in the S500 to
$ 1000 range is truly amaz ing.
One thing that becomes apparent looking at the varie ty of
microcomputers in this category is that the dominant CPU
choice of the computer industry is the eight-bi t microprocessor.
In fact, it is still the king of the home computer realm. alt hough
the l 6-bit micro is begi nning to make its presence felt.
In this price category. we find both handheld and desktop
computers. For instance. both the Radio Shack and Sharp hand-
heIds have peripheral equipment that can put them into this
segment. The printer/cassette interface available for both cos ts
nearly 5250 and pushes both Radio Shack's PC-2 and the
Sharp's PC-1500 over $500. Opting for the cassette interface
only will keep the price below $500. though.
Panasonic
And. speaking of handheld computers. we now corne to the
Panasonic RL- H1000 and RL-H1400. Though their CPU's are
not specifically identified. it looks as if they are eight-bit de-
vices . These two computers are building blocks for a true
briefcase-portable microcomputer system. Though the $500
RL-HIOOO comes with only 2K of RAM. and the RL- H1400
only 4K. these are amazi ng units.
Both use the S AP operating system. which is derived from
the FORTH language. Among the programming languages the
ONCE A DREAM, hand -held computers, such as this one from Panasonlc.
are readily avail abl e at a relatively low cost.
computers recognize is BAS IC, and you ca n work in BASIC
using the 65-key keyboard. which is laid out in type writer
fahsio n. (Although it is arranged in the "QWERTY" pattern.
like the other handhelds . the sma ll size of the keys see ms to
preclude touch typing.)
As with other handh eld computers in thi s price range. you can
both perfor m immedi ate arithmetic ca lculations and run pro-
grams on these units because a calc ulator function is built in.
It is in the system's expansio n ca pabi lities that their real
power can be seen. Not only are they interfaccablc with a video
dis play via a video/ RF adap tor (RF modu lator). but they also
have an RS-232C interface. along with a programmable mod-
em. plus an 110 adapter for those and other peripherals. There
are also. of course. RAM expansion modules.
You can take the systems into the field and use them as remote
terminals to com munica te wit h a computer at anot her location or
you can use them as full stand-a lone syste ms to solve probl ems
on the spot.
Although both basic unit s ,fi t into the under-$IOOO price
category. a little memory expansio n is enough to push them into
the next higher one.
Other systems
Carryover exis ts not only among the handhe ld computers. but
also amo ng the horne/game computers, too . For instance . eve n
though the Atari 400 has a base priee of $299. it isn't inconceiv-
able that by adding the telephone interface and mode rn. plus a
couple of program cartri dges and the game controllers. that the
priee of the unit could rise well above $500. The same is true of
the Commodore MAX Machi ne and VIC20. which have a broad
range of peripher als ava ilable.
Look at the Radio Shack Color Computer. A 16K casse tte-
based system (as opposed to the now-discontinued 4K system)
with Exte nded Co lor BAS IC cos ts 5499.95: increase the RAM
to 32K and the price rises to 5649 .95. A cassette recorder.
needed for program and data storage (unless you have a more
expensive disk -based system) cost an additional 560 .
But. the added capabilities you gain from any of the expanded
systems more than outweigh the extra expense.
Radio Shack
The 5500-$ 1000 price category is not on ly the home of the
expanded handheld and home/game computers. but is also the
starting poi nt for ot her. more powerful systems. For instance. a
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4K. cassette-basedTRS-80 Model III . an important personal and slightly smaller than usual. at 64 characters by 16 lines but
small-business computer (particularly when expanded) is priced allow the useof adoub le-sized di splay (32 by 16). which can be
at $699. useful in some cases.
Yet. look at what you get for the money . You get a self- From thi s modest starting point a very powerful system can
contai ned l 2-i nch black-and-whi te CRT wi th a 65-key key- grow. The TRS-80 Model 11/ can easily be fitted wi th an RS-
board. There's also a 12-key keypad for rapid numerical entry . 232C serial board. so communications potential. important for
The display is memory-mapped. which means that you can many applications. is already there.
define various graphic clements and also instruct the computer The Level I machine is no slouch when it comes to work. Its
to arrange its display exactly to your liking. The display size is BAS IC is capable of supporting a 48 by 128 graphics displ ay.
TABLE 2- $500-$1000
Disk
Word Operating
Manufacturer Model Price CPU Length System(s)
Language(s)
Atari Home Atari $899 6502B 8 bits N/A BASIC
Computers 800
1192 Borregas
Sunnyvale, CA 94086
Commdore Business Commodore $595 6510 8 bits N/A BASIC
Machines
487 Devon Pk. Rd.
Wayne, PA 19087
Commodore Business Commodore $995 6509 8 bits N/A BASIC
Machines P128
Commodore Business VIC 20 $769 6502 8 bits N/A BASIC
Machines
Cromemco, Inc. System $995 Z80A 8 bits N1A BASIC
280 Bernardo Ave. Zero
Mtn. View, CA
94043
Formula lnt 'l, Pineapple $645 6502 8 bits N/A BASIC
12603 Crenshaw
Haw1horne, CA 90250
Imsal CompoDiY., 18080 $799 8080 8 bits N/A
Flscher-
Freitas Corp.
910 81st Ave.,
Oakland, CA 94621
Imsal Compo DiY., 1-8080K $599 8080 8 bits N/A
Flscher-
Freitas Corp.
Imsai CompoDiY., 1-8085 $950 8085 8 bils N/A
Fischer-
Freitas Corp.
Imsal CompoDlv. , PCS-8015 $750 8080 8 bits N/A
Flscher-
Freitas Corp.
MIA COM OSI OSI C1P $565 8 bits N/A BASIC
7 Oak Pk.
Bedtord, MA 01730
NEC Home Elec. NEC PC-8001 $995 uPD 780 c-1 , 8 bits N/A NBASIC
1401 Estes Ave. (Z80-like)
Elk Grove, IL
60007
Newtronics Research Explorer 85 $886 8085 8 bits BASIC
333 Litchfield Rd.
New Milford, CT
06776
Panasonic RL-H1000 $500 8 bits N/A BASIC
1 Panasonic Way
Secaucus, NJ
07094
Panasonlc RL-H1400 $600 8 bits N/A BASIC
Radio Shack TRS-80 $700 6809 8 bits N/A BASIC
One Tandy Center Color
U)
Fort Worth, TX Computer
U 76102
Z
Radio Shack TRS-80 $699 Z80 8 bits N/A BASIC
0
Model III a:
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Texas Inst ruments TI-99/4A $525 TMS9900 16 bits N/A BASIC w
0 PO Box 225012
Ci
Dallas, TX 75265
<{
a: Texas Instruments TI-99/4 $450 TMS9900 16 bits N/A BASIC
54
single dimension arrays and limited string variables. All that
isn' t bad in a machine which has only 4K of RAM. but it also
points alit the need for the next step up in the Radio Shack line.
the 5999 TRS-80 fododel lll . Mode l III BASIC. 16K machi ne,
which has much greater capabilities .
For instance. the 10del III BASIC that works with this
system is far marc exte nsive in scope than the Levcll BASIC. It
has an extensive command set. and permits multidimensional
arrays and compre hensive stri ng variables. It also allows auto-
rnatic line numbering when writing programs. The Model III
BASIC also supports a TRACE mode of program debugging and
al 0 allows the use of the PEEK and POKE commands so you can
not only have direct access to specific memory locations, but can
also look at the contents of a given memory location. This
greatly enhanced version of BASIC will also support machine-
language subroutine calls. and provides 16-digit accuracy-that
high degree of accuracy can prove to be particularly valuable in
accounting applications.
Memory/Storage Expansion Keyboard I/O Display Comments
16K RAM/cassette 61 keys, serial, 320 x 192,
4 special parallel 16 colors
function 40 x25 text
64K/cassette 65 keys, some user serial,
definab le parallel
128K/cassette 94 keys, some user- serial 320 x 280, 40 x 25
definable text, 16 colors
5K/cassette
printer /cassette
66 keys, 4 user- serial,
programmable parallel
1K N/A N/A N/A micro-
mainframe ,
3 slots
64K N/A N/A N/A kit
front panel N/A N/A micro-
mainframe,
20 slots
mainframe,
20 slots,
kit
mainf rame,
20 slots
N/A N/A micro-
mai nframe,
20 slots
8K/cassette full keyboard serial 24 x 24 or 48 x 12
text
32K/cassette 84 keys, serial,
12-key keypad parallel
8K/cassette
memory expands.
CRT cassette
2K 65-key mini- N/A 24-character LCD
keyboard
4K 65-key mini - N/A 24-character LCD
keyboard
4K/cassette joysticks, Videotex 53 button-type keys serial , 256 x 192
pak, modem, 8 colors,
appliance control 32 x 16 text
4K 65 keys, parallel integral
12-key keypad 64(32) x 16 text displ ay
0
16K/cassette 65 keys, parallel integral
o
12-key keypad 64(32) x 16 text display
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16K/cassette standard serial 16 colors a:J
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Texas Instruments
It is int o thi s area that the name of another giant of the indus trv
ent er s. Tex as Instrument s . It rcccntl v e n h a n c ~ e d its T1-99/4 home
computer into the T1-99/4A . -
The basic TI -99/4A is dri ven by a Texas Instruments 16-bi t
TMS9900 CPU. as is the T1-99/4 . o. that ' s not a typographi c
error-TI uses a powerful 16-bi t microp rocessor in its home
computers and has fina lly unleashed so me of the potent ial power
of that processor in the enhanced mach ine .
One of the ea rly cri ticism rai sed about the T1-99/4 was that.
although a 16-bit proces. or wa s used. co rnputerists couldn' t
access its potential power. The reason was that al l of the pro-
gramming wa ROM-resid ent. and inaccessibl e to the pote ntia l
programmer. There was no wa y for an individual user to work in
machine language. and no way to save high-level language
programs except on cass ette. Unfortunately . that is still true to a
great extent. Most of the programming for TI' s home co mputer
is still ROM-based in the form of cartridges . but now . at lea st. a
disk-based editor/assembler al lows you to wr ite mach ine-
language programs .
What docs the S525 basic keyboard unit contain'! It contai ns
the CPU and 16K of RAM. There is also a substantial amount of
ROM that contains the TI operating syste m and BASIC.
In a more powerful version of thi s sys te m. a user ca n link
BASIC and machine-language for direct access to teh system
feature . That is done by using the call co mmands LOAD. 1.I K .
PEEK. POKE V . PEEK V. and CIIARPAT. Thus . a user ca n ca ll
machine-l anguage subrout ines and expand his comput ing
power.
The basic unit contai ns the co nnec tor needed to support
system expansion. but it must be initi al ized and dri ven by a
separate RS-232C card.
It also contains the 48-keyboard and ca rt ridge co nnec tor. The
keyboard has 6 dual -functi on keys that are accessed via a I' U. c -
TI ON key.
Commodore
Commodore Busine ss Machines has two more entries in this
price category . the P/28 and the 64. at S595 and S995 . respec-
tively.
Although it re embles the VIC 20 . the Commodore 64 is a far
more powerful machine . For starters. it has 64 K of RAM and
can handle programs writt en for the Co mmodore PET series of
computers through the usc of a PET e mulator.
The basic unit includes a 65- key keyboard and an 8- bit 65 10
CPU (which i like the 6502 pioneer ed by CBM. but which has
more I/O lines) . The 64 is capabl e of usin g all of the VIC 20
peripherals . whi ch is very conveni ent if yo u've invc: ted in the
VIC 20 and are upgrading to the 64 .
The 64 can ge nerate 64 characters and 256 moveable sprites
(graphics clements). It is also capable of screen magnificatio n
en
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~ THEBASIS FORA POWERFUL SYSTEM, the Radio Shack TRS-BOModel/II
II: can be purchased for as litt le as 5699.
56
AMONGTHEADVANTAG ESof the Radio Shack TRS-BOfamily of comput-
ers i s the wide range of peripherals available for them, such as the pri nter
shown here.
(doubling the size of the di spl ay ). and the display is memor y-
mapped. which enables you to pl ace picture clement s on the
sc reen according to their mem ory locat ion s (ea ch scr een -
memory location in a memory-mapp ed sys tem cor res ponds to a
specific positi on on the di spl ay). Thi s is a handy feature for
computer-driven graphics.
The computer ca n be co nnec ted to ot her peripheral s through
ei ther a parallel or seria l port .
The P128 is a far more powerfuI system. Dri ven by an
eight-bi t 6509. it has been ca lled the third-gener ati on PET series
by the co mpa ny . It connects direct ly to a tel evision set via a
bui lt-i n RF modulator.
The power of the P128 becomes apparent whe n you co nside r
the amount of built -i n RAM. 128K . That is more than enough to
hand le almos t any function. program. or language. The comput-
er's power is alwo evi dent from its graphics ca pab ilities. It ca n
ge nerate 16 co lor . and the screen resol ution is 320 by 200
pixel . whi ch means hi gh -l e ve l gra phics . The stan dard
al pha numeric di spl ay is 40 by 24 lines .
The standard language is sti ll PET BASIC.
Aga in. thi s i only the starting level of this system. A Z80
board can be add ed for access to CP/ M. and there is a varie tv of
print er s and disk optio ns ava ilable for it. -
One last co mme nt about the key board: it includes 10 use r-
de fi na ble special function keys . Thi s is ill addition to the
gra phics ca pabi lities of t hese keys .
CBM also has another entry in thi s price range . the PET 4016.
At $995 . thi s 16K bas ic computer has graphics ca pabi lities built
into its keyboard and . like the PJ28 . it also has a numeric keypad
built int o its keyboard for quic k dat a e ntry. It is dri ven by an
eight-bi t CPU.
Imsai
As noted ea rlier. not all home computer come eq uipped wi th
the fami liar CRT . keyboard. and cassette or di . k drives . So me
of them arc . litt le more than the heart of a sv tem- an enclosure .
motherboard. CPU board (so me times). ,;nd power supply- to
whic h you have the option of adding you r own memory and
peri pherals.
One such ystem i. offered by Imsai. It is a totally bus-
oriented sys tem to which the user adds whatever boards and
peripherals will bes t uit hi need ' . As such . it offers an enor-
mous amount of flexibility and potential for ex pansion.
Avail able ei ther as a kit-the 1-8080K at S599-m as an
already-as embled unit-the 1-8080 at 799-the 8080 uses an
eight-bi t 8080 (an 8085 can be supplied as an option) . The
standa rd 8080 comes with a 22-slot 5-100 mo therboard and a
28-amp power supply-enough to support a very powerful
sys tem. and Imsa i offers a number of opt ions wh ich we 'll
di scuss later. 0 me mo ry is inel uded in the base pr ice . but it is
readil y available from Imsai and from ot her ma nufacturers of
5-100 bus product s .
An important 8080 feature is its front panel. With its paddle
switches and LEDs. it makes the co mputer the idea tool for data
acqui siti on and process control in areas where a de-
vice is required-and where a terminal and other penphe.rals
would be was ted. Th e front panel can even be used for machin e-
language programming. if desired . .
Furthermore. the front panel is an invaluable debugging tool .
You can work your way through a program and ..cc
which data. address, and control lines arc acti ve at any pomt .
For the experienced programmer, this feature can be mor e useful
than a software debuggi ng-program.
Finally. the front panel can be used to evaluate and debu g
S-IOO hardware. such as interface or memor y boards . A
memory-test program may tell you whi ch part of is bad.
but the front -panel LED' s will show you exa ctl y what Is- and
isn' t-happening . . . . . .
The beauty of thi s type of sys tem IS Its cxpandabilit y. Since
the sys tem card cage has so many slots (boa rd connectors). a
user has many installation choices . He can install more
via 32K and 64K-or larger-RAM card or he can install
disk-c ontroller board and. with CP/M . can run any number 01
languages and programs.
A faster system offe red by the same manufacture.r. the / -8085 .
is available for 5950. It is identical to the 8080- senes exc ept for
the fact that it uses an eight-bit 8085 CPU , rather than the 8080 .
The Imsai PCS-80/5. available for 5750 (less memory). is
similar to the / -8085. but has no front panel. It is well suited for
use in a turnkey business sys tem.
Formula International
One segment of the market which seems to be ge nerating .a
great deal of controver sey is the Apple /I -like co mputer..There .IS
one in the 5 1.500 to 52.000 price category. and there ISone In
this segment of the market. too. called the Pineapple .
Offe-;'ed by Formula International. it is a kit which must be put
together. The CPU is an eight-bit 6502,. like the one in the APele
// itself. and it is compatible not only with the Apple /I operating
system. but also with its peripheral s and program s. (This was
confirmed by a spokes man for Formula Internati onal .) The pr ice
of the Pineapple is 5645.
MIA COM OSI
M/A -Com-OSI also has an entry in thi s price catego ry. the
C/ P. It uses a 6502 CP U and includes a full keyboard.
SYSTEMSIN A BRIEFCASE, the Panasonlc handheld computers can be
upgr aded to form a complete, portable, computer system.
HARDWARE
$500.$1000
Like other types of keyboard co mputers . thi s one. offe rs both
alphanumeric and graphi cs video displ ays . The can be
set up as either 24 by 24 or 12 by 48. The computer includes a
cass ette interface and a serial port for usc with a modem or
print er. Thi s 5565 machine co mes standar d with 8K or RAtv!.
Atari
Another keyboard-computer is the 5899 Atari 800. its
less-expen sive rel at ive . the 400. this one sports a typewriter-
style keyboard . rather than a membrane type. . .
Driven by an eight-bit 6502B CPU. the Atan 800 featu.res
16K or RAM as standa rd and incl udes a l OK ROM opcranng
system. BAS IC is supplied in the form of a plug-in ROM pack.
The sys tem is quite powerful. The co mputer can generate
inver se video (as can most other sys tems on the market) and
offers full screen editing. The bas ic sys tem includes a bui lt-in
RF modul ator that will turn any tel evision set into a display for
the computer. When co nnected to a color receiver. the 800 can
displ ay 16 colors in 16 intensi ties . It also features four 111-
dependent so und-synt hesizers for musica.l or game
sounds . They cove r four octave . . and there IS internal volume
control for eac h one .
The displa y. whi ch has a reso lution of 320 columns by 192
rows for graphics work . will displ ay three text modes : 40 by 24
lines. double-width. and doubl e-height charac ters . There arc
also nine graphics modes . .
The power of the Atari 800 sys tem is demonstrated by ItS
BASIC. Atari BASIC is an 8K floating-point language with
9-digit precision. The BASIC interpreter allows access to both
the graphics and sound features of the computer. and allows
ca lls of machine-language subrout ines. The user has access to
memory and it contcnt st hrough the PEEK and POK E commands .
Also is a more power ful Microsoft BASIC. It offers a
greater range of co mma nds and has 14-digit
accuracy . The disk-equi pped vers ion of this sys tem with 32Kof
RAM is required for thi s option. .
Other languages and programming aids ava ilable incl ude
PILOT, an assembler/edit or . a macro asse mbler. and a progr am
text editor.
Cromemco
Rounding out this price category i. the System Zero at 5995.
from a manu factu rer known for busi ness systems. Cromcmco.
Using a Z80A with a speed of 4 MHz. that single hoard
computer with three expansion slots is the basis of. a powerful
system. It co mes wi th 64 K of RAtvl. although all peripherals arc
extra. Since it is an S- IOO-bus computer . it can be expanded
greatly using boards from Cro rncmco or otl.1:r
Though this rounds out our look at specific systems III this
catego ry, remember that most of the inexpensi ve
tioned in the previ ous category . like the Explorer 8). can eas ily
reach this price level when peripheral s arc added . RE
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To Order From Connectic ut Or For Tech. Assist. Call (203) 3549375
NETRONICS R&D LTD. Dept.
333 Litchfield Road, New Milford, CT 06776
Please send the i tems checked bel ow:
Continenta l U.S.A. Credit Card Buyers Out side Conne ct icut
CALL TOLL FREE 8002437428
Net roni cs announces a st at e of t he art
breakth rough in t erminal s. now at pri ces you
can aff ord , you can go on-line with dat a-bank
and comput er phone-Ime servi ces. It' s all
yours: " elect roni c newsp aper s," educa t i onal
services, Dew-Jone s stock report s. games.
recipes. persona l computi ng wit h any l evel
la ng ua g e . progra m exchanges . e lectronic b ul -
let in boar ds . . . and more every day!! !
Net roni cs off ers two new t erminal s. bot h
featur e a ful l 56 key/126 character typewr it er-
sty le keyboard. baud ra tes to 19.2 kilobaud, a
rugged steel cabi net and power supply. The
simplest one. FASTERM604 . i s a 16 line by 64 or 32 chara cter per li ne unit . with a serial
printer por t for mak ing hard copy of all incomi ng data . and opti onal provi sions tor block and
spec i al charact er graph ics. The " smart " versi on, SMARTERM-80. feat ures eithe r 24 line by 80
cha racter s per li ne or 16 by .40char acter s per line. it offers on-screen editing wit h paQeat-a.
time prin ting, 12,000 pi xel graphics, li ne graphics , absolute curso r addressing, underlining,

del ux greenphosphor monit or pictur ed above. For hard copy j ust add our mat ched printer.
Pri ce breakt hrough!! ! Own t he FASTERM64, a compl et e t erminal kit. ready to plug in tor
lust $199 .95 or order the SMARTEAM-80 kit for j ust $299.95. (both availabl e wi red and tested.)
Be on-li ne with t he million-dollar comput ers and data services toda y .. . we even suppl y the
neces sary subscri ptio n forms.
More good news: All the components in our t erminal s are availabl e separat ely (see
coupon), so you buy only what you need!! !
FASTERM.&-c .. . DISPLAY FORMAT: 64 or 32 charact ersfli ne by 16 tines . . . 96 di splayabl e

PIP (EIA RSH O) . . . CURSOR MODES: home & clear screen, erase to end of li ne, erase cursor
i , 1.5.
2 .. DATA BITS PER CHARACTER: 5, 6. 7 or 6 . . CHARACTER OUTPUT: 5 by 7 dot matr ix
knKad N Y' : . .
OPTIONAL GRAPHICS MODE: includes 34 Greek & mat h charact ers pl us 30 special graphi cs
characters . . . ASCII ENCODED KEYBOARD: 56 key/128 charact ers.
SMARTERM80 . . . DISPLAY FORMAT: 80 characters by 24 lin es or 40 characters by 16 lines
1.
pp (EIA RSH O) EDITING FEATURES: insert /delete line, insert/ del et e charact er, tor-
ward/back tab LINE OR PAGE TRANSMIT . . . PAGE PRINT FUNCTION ... CURSOR POSI.
TIONING: up, down , right. left . pl us absolute cur sor ooerttontnq with read back ... VISUAL
ATTRIBUTES: underli ne, blin k. reverse vi deo. half intensity , & bl ank . . GRAPHICS: 12.000
11
.
KEYBOARD: 56 key/126 character . .. 4K ON BOARD ROM ... COMPLETE WITH POWER
SUPPLY.
TELEPHONE MODEM 103 O/A . . . FULL DUPLEX, FCC APPROVED ... DATA RATE: 300 baud
... INTERFACE: RS232/C and TTY . . . CONTROLS: talk/data switch (no need t o connect and
disconnect phone). ori ginat e/answer SWit ch on rear panel .. . NO POWER SUPPLY RE-
OUIRED.
ASCII KEYBOARD ASCII3 . . . 56 KEY/128 CHARACTER ASCII ..'
ENCODED . .. UPPER & LOWER CASE .. . FULL Y DEBOUNCED A "'" ." .',_,
. .. y
PRINTER COMET I . . . SERIAL I/O TO 9600 BAUD ... BO .....-..I..or'
CHARACTER COLUMN (132 COMPRESSEDI .. . 10" TRACTOR FEED 'l__ .....

PRINTING
ANNOUNCING TWO
NEW TERMINALS
Tot al Enclosed $ ...,.- -,-_ _
o Personal Check 0 Cashier's Chec k/Money Order
o VISA 0 MasterCard (Bank No. _
Acc t. No. Exp. Date _
Signat ure
Print Name _
Address -=- -=:-- _
City State Zip
For Canad ian orders, doub le the post age . Conn. res. add sal es tax.
o COMPLETE FASTERM64 TERMI NAL (i ncludes FASTVID64 video board
ASCII3 keyboard , steel cab inet and power suppl y) . . . ki t $199.95 plus $3 P&I
. . . wired & t est ed $249.95 plus $3 P&I ... graphic s opt ion: add $19.95 t o
each of above
o COMPLETE SMARTERM 80 TERMINAL (includes SMARTVID80 video
board, ASCII3 keyboard. steel cabinet and power supply) . . . ki t $299.95 plus
$3 P&I . . . wi red and test ed $369.95 plus $3 P&I
o FASTVID64 VIDEO BOARD (requires + 5 & 12V DC) . . . ki t $99.95 plus $3
P&I . . . graphics opt ion add $19.95 . .. wi red & tested $129.95 plu s $3 P&I . . .
graphi cs opt ion add $19.95
o SMARTVID80 VIDEO BOARD (requires +5 & +/12V DC) ... ki t $199.95
plus $3 P&I . . . wired & tested $249.95 pl us $3 P&I
o DELUXE STEEL TERMI NAL CABINET .. . $19.95 pl us $3 P&I
o ASCII3 KEYBOARD (requires + 5 & 12VDC) . . . kit $69.95 plu s $3 P&I . . .
wired and test ed $89.95 plus $3 P&I .
o POWER SUPPLY (powers ASCII 3 keyboar d & video boards) .. . ki t onl y .
$19.95 pl us $2 P&I
o ZENITH VIDEO MONITOR (high resolut ion green phosph or) . . . wired &
tested $149.95 pl us $6 P&I
o TELEPHONE MODEM MODEL 103 OIA . . . wired & tested $189.95 plus $3
P&I
o DOT MATRIX PRINTER Comet I . . . wi red & tested $299.95 plus $10 P&I
B CONNECTOR
CABLE . . . $14.95 ea plus $2 P&I
Smart Fast Graphics Matching Modem and 5295 Printer
TO ORDER
Call Toll Free:
800-243-7428
CP/ M is a rt c trademark of Dllitl i llu ra rch
*(ClipClod moil cnli re udJ*
ORDER ASPECIALPRICE
EXPLORER/US PAK-THERE'S
ONEFOREVERY NEED.
To Order From Connecticut,
or For Technical Assist ance,
Call (203) 354-93 75
SEND ME TH E ITEMS CHECKED ABOVE
Total Enclosed (Conn Rrsldt'n ls add u.l ps tax ) $_ _
Po1 ld by;
o Persona l Cheock 0 ChKk/Mon,.y Orde r
Stat"
Addre,;s _
_
o k,uu.cr ' at (Save $2600 ) - You Ret Level A [Ter-
mmal Venion) wilh Mcrutcr Source u shnreIS2Svalue)
AP-l . 5-amp. power supply. Inlel8065 Users Manual ..
$19995) SPECIAL$169.95 plus $04 Pa l '
o b pcrilZl t'uler ' ak (Save 553.40) - You ReI Level A
(Hex Keypad/ Display Version) wi th He x Keypad /
Display. Intel f!08SUser Manual. Level A Hex Monit er
Source ListinR. and APl,5-amp. power supply .. IRt-R
5279.95}SPECIAL$219.95 plus 56 P&1.
o Spc<iaJ Mk rcNOh BASIC ' at (Save $103 00)- Youget
Levels A (Terminal Vers ion). B. 0 (4k RAM). E. s k
in ROM. Intel 8065 User Ma.nual. Level AMorn-
lor Source l.islina. and AP 1. Samp power supply .. .
(Re$! . $0439.70) SPECIAL$3.Z9.95 plus $7 PU

Sian er ' " Disk Syalc.al Level A. B noppy di sk
controller, one CDC S" diskdr l\'e. a ille. two
5100 conner-tors: just aud ),our own pa we r
a binels and hardw art' 0 lRrJl. $106500) SPECIAL
1999.15 plus $13 Pa l ' 0 32k Star1er S)stem. 11045.95
plus $13 P&I 0 <18k Starter 11095.15 plus $13
five

tors for conneclinR your rrm lt!r and tr rmi nal . ..
$22S 95} SPECIAL 1199.95 plulo513 Pa l'
o Complct c 64k S,.'trm & Tl'! !itrd . . 11650.00
Business Soft ware Pak lSave
$6ZS-lXl)- lncludes CP/M l..2 t.hcrosoft BASIC. Cenl"ral
LedRer. Accounts Receivable. Accounts Payable. Pa.yroll
P:ka fC'f! . lReR $132S}SpeC IAL1699.95 post paid
o RF Modulator kit (allows you to use ycu r lV If"t as a
monitor) ... $8.95 postpaid
o 12" Video Monu or (toMHz bandWidth) .. I1J9.95
plus SSPAl-
o Deluxe Str!f' 1Cab inet for the
.. plus 53
o Fan Ior ca bmel 115.00
plus $UiOPAl
o FASTERM 64 TERMtNAl KIT - Featuflng oJ
ASCII 12a set uppe r and case
75 ohm output . 8 baud 150 1019200 (SWItch serect
able). RS2321C or 20 MAc.utput 32 or 54 charn.cter by 16
line formats . comptt!to wllh
oerux e Steet Cabinet and - -
Power Suppty .. . . $199.95
plus S3 P&I
..... .......... . ..... .. ..... ...... ... ... .... . .... ........ ,
:FOR ONLY$129.95 Learn Computing:
iFrom The Ground Up " '. i
: Build a Computer kit that grows l ' :
: with you, and can expand to 64k :
: RAM, Microsoft BASIC, Text Edi ,."._ . .:
: tor /Assembler, \\Ord pro cessor , ' L: 5
floppy Disks and more. . ... :
EXP
LORER / a S .
1. Pl ui/ in N"l mnw' .. 11,' x fi r :
K")pml iTh"fllfly ,'j Aflfl/wuSl00/ulRl.. :
2 B In IYJl I\ wl In " Add nwn 11,..10(11!"Ir _
Sl00 f lIIh fprrl " " yplnlo: Im'l" 1
.1 RA\i i ( Al lll l f , " "' ,mllll,I
------------ :
ill CRT momror or a 1V set (if }'OU ha ve an Rf reod ulato r! -
o He x krt S61.St5pl us S2 PAl '
Here", 1M lowcost way 10IHm the fund. menlals of com-
puling . lhe allimportant buies you"1I need more and
mort! u you adv ance in co,mputer dalls. For just $129.95
s:fl

these fe at ures: " 08S Cee tr n! Pror:es $lnx Vnil . the
s:
alone!) . . Four lJ.hil pflJ"i l'H'H'! 6-h' I Inpul/oulpul poth fr:m
which you can inpul ilnd out pul your programs. as as
control extenc r SWlll.hM. rt'lays. lights. ric . a casle'lte

ing and of pfOfl rams _ It permits access by you
10alllMrts of s)'lt em so you ca n chK k on lhe slatus of
any point in the pl'Olrim - It allows lracing rac h pro-

does . uch
You get all this in lhe startinx level (Level A) of rbe

- If you dOIl'1 have them, see our
kit (Ter mmal Version) ., . $129.115
(Hex Keypadmisplay . $129.15
plus S3 PAL'

peter. Now you can plug in any of hun d red s of sioo
cardsavaiiable.
o Level B kit . . .$49,95 plus S2 Pa l.'
o Sl oo bus co nnectors (two required) . . sus eKh .
postpaid.
LEVEL C - Add st ill mere

the motherboa rd and expands
thesioobus to six slots.
o LeveICkit ... S39.95 plus $2
Pal.-
o SI 00 bus conneclors (five
r equ ir ed ) . . . U .IS each.
postpaid.
LEVEL D- When you reach the POint in learn ing lhat re-
quires more memory. IWOcbcices. either add 4k
of a nwmory direc tly on mothforboard. or add 16k to
&lkof memory by means of .1sinRle SlOOcam. our famous
"l AWS."

32kS l oo"IAWS.. . . . II 99.95 plus S2P&I ;O 4sk
SI00 " JAWS" .. 1249.95 plus $2 Pa l ' ; 0 64k SI00
"JAINS" . .. S299.15 plus $2 P&I' .
LEVEL E - An impor1ant bloc.": It -et ivates
theak ROMIEPROM spoKeon the motherbo.l nl Now just
plug in our Sk Microsoft BASIC or \-1!ur lIwn custom
prosrams. .
o E kit . . $S.15 plus SOC P&I.
: .
0 sk tauet te version of.Microsoft BASIC' (requi res Level
B and 12k of RAM minimum; Wf' !itl!iUt""t ;II 16k Sloo
: Le\'el B
a Eand 4k RAM; ju,;l plURinlo )"Our Level Esockels
\\le SUKRftt either the 4k Leo.el 0 RAMex pan!uon or a 16k
: SICo. "JAWS.") . .. plus $2 P&I '
o Disk venion of Microsoft BASIC: lr fOq uu1'S I..e\el B.
32k of RAM. floppy disk controller. II" noppy disk
.. S325 postpaid
TEXT EDITOR/ASSEMBLER _ The editor/assembler ror CflnCK!le!n or
is a lOftware 1001(a proxr am) dl!ligned to simplify the task
:;:uI: ; Conti nental (Ard Bu)-en OutsideCon nrcticut:
hours of programming II mr Th is 50ftware includes an
editor pfOflram that f'ntl"TS programs ),OU writ e. makes
chartReS. and g VM on caSU'ltes. The assem.
bler performs clem:,,1 lol ,;k of transbiting symbolic
code Into the computer-l"I"adable objeoct ende The editor/
assemble r profil ram IS ilvallablr in or a
ROM version
o Editor/Asse mbler (Cassett e requi res Level
"B" and s k (min.) of RAM- we Il llOl"t 15k "JAW'S" -
see abovel . .. 15!1.M plus $2 PAl.'
o Editor/Assembler (ROM\"t'n ion , upphed on an Sl00
card: requ ires Level Bar\d 4k RAMlmm 1-
eithe r Level 0 or 16k "JAWS" ) 199.95 plus $2 P&I
. .. nopPy DISk - A l? mar"oIhh ' hlliidinre block ..
Add our 8" noppy disk whfon yUIln!'l'tl fl' ''lt' r oper.ltlon.
more convenie nt prDflram storaw". Pf'rh.lps ;\ busm... s ap-
plication, and ilGC!lto the litl"rall)' lhn.l....n<bor pfOfl ram!l
and languages tlxl.I\-. You simply plun
s\, tl' m - it accepls al
8 :
o DlsePfiri\'e Cabi nrl & Powt'r . . 169. !IS
53 PAl."
o Cabl6 {set up for two driv61 125.00 plus
$1.50 Pa l. ' 0 VISA 0 MASTER CARD(Dank No - - -I
o CP /M 2.2 Dis k O perali nKSY!lI t' m. Inclu de s Text
Acct. No Exp _
CP/M-based prDfl ra[l"d. . $1.5000 postp.ud
NEED A POWER SUPPLY?Cunsider our AP 1. II a n
suppl y all the power you l'If"f'(!for a fully expanded Ex SIRn.1tUf'l" _

kit (8V tt .Oj i1mr"'\ll n stf'f'l PrJnt N.mco _
('".abinet . .. $39.95 plus 52 P&l
NEED A T ER MINAL? We
offer you choices the leasl ex
p e ns i ve o ne i s ou r He x
: ' Kt:ypadlDl s play kit that dis
pla ys the infor ma tio n on .l '
cal cul at or type The
ot he r cho ice is ou r ASCII
:
Research&DevelopmentLtd.
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Address-The label or number identifying the register
or memory location where aunit of information is stored.
Applications software-Software written to do a
specific job, such as solve a mathematics problem, play
a game, etc. See systems software.
ASCII BASIC-Acronym for American Standard Code
for Information Interchange. A seven-bit code used to
represent alphanumeric characters. It is useful for such
things as sending information from a keyboard to the
computer.
Assembly language-A machine oriented language in
which mnemonics are used to represent each machine-
language instruction. Each CPU has its own specific
assembly language. See CPU and machine language.
Binary-Refers to the base 2 number system in which
the only allowable digits are aand 1.
Bit-Acronym for BInary digi T. The smallest unit of
compupter information, it is used to represent either a
binary aor 1.
Bootstrap-A program that starts the computer and
prepares it to load other programs into memory.
Bus-Parallel lines used to transfer signals between
devices. Computers are often described by their bus
structure (Le.-S-100-bus computers, etc.).
Byte-A group of eight bits.
CPU-Acronym for Central Processing Unit. The part of
the computer that contains the circuits that control and
perform the execution of computer instructions.
Data base-A large amount of data stored in a well-
organized manner. Adata-base management system is
a program that allows access to the information.
Disk-Acircular device with a magnetic surface used to
store data, programs, etc. Floppy (flexible) disks can
store between approximately 100 to 1000 kilobytes,
depending on their size (5% or a inches), recording
density and whether both sides of the disk are used.
Hard (rigid) disks can store upwards of 5 megabytes.
GLOSSARY OF COMMONLY USED COMPUTER TERMS
For those readers unfamiliar with computer ter- Disk operating system-Program used to transfer in-
minology, we have included the following glossary formationto andfromadisk. Often referredto as a DOS.
of some commonly used computer terms. EPROM-A PROM that can be erased by the user,
usually by exposing it to ultraviolet light. See PROM.
File-A collection of data that is treated as a unit.
Hardware-The physical components that make up a
computer.
Hexadecimal-Refers to the base-sixteen number sys-
tem. Machine language programs are often written in
hexadecimal notation.
Machine language-Instructions, written in binary
form, that a computer can execute directly. Also called
machine code or object code.
Microprocessor-A one-IC CPU. One common mic-
roprocessor often used in personal computers is the
Zilog zso.
Modem-Acronym for MOdulator/DEModulator. A de-
vice that transforms electrical signals into audio tones
for transmission over telephone lines, etc.
Octal-Sase-eight number system.
PROM-Acronym for Programmable Read Only Mem-
ory. A semiconductor memory whose contents cannot
be changed during normal computer operations, but
that can be programmed under certain special con-
ditions.
RAM-Acronym for Random Access Memory. A semi-
conductor memory that can be both read and changed
during computer operation. Unlike other semiconductor
memories, this one is volatile-if power to the RAM is
cut-off for any reason, all data stored in the device is
lost.
Register-A storage location inside the CPU.
ROM-Acronym for Read Only Memory. A semicon-
ductor memory containing fixed data-the computer
can read the data but cannot change it in any way.
Software-programs.
System software-Software that governs the comput-
er's operation or aids in developing other programs.
Word-Number of bits that are treated as a single unit
by the CPU. In an eight-bit machine, the word length is
eight bits; in a sixteen-bit machine, it is sixteen bits.
Learn about COMPUTERS!
.....,\. "Bits, Bytes, and Buzzwords", by Craig Anderton and t he CompuPro staff .
~ ~ ~ . This pri mer for t he busi ness computer buyer covers the basics of computer systems,
~ ~ pr inters, term inals, mass storage, software, and more - even includes a glossary of common
I' terms. Softcover; 26 pages. $2.50 postpaid.
o
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CompuPro divi sion , Godbout Electroni cs, Oak land Airport , CA 94614-0355
TERMS: Cal res add t ax. Allow 10%ship ping : excess ref unded.
VISA ' and Mas tercard ' or ders ($25 mi nim um) call (415)
562-0636 , 24 hrs. l nclu dest reet address f orUPS. Pri ces subj ect
1-10 c ange witho ut notice. ...
"Interfacing to 5-1 OO/IEEE 696 Microcomputers", by Mark Garetz and Sol Libes. Covers
operating requirements and characteristics of the S- 100 bus with clarity and precision . Osborne/McGraw-Hi li ; softcover; 321
pages. $1S.00
"Product User Manuals 1975-1980, Volume 1", by CompuPro staff . With schemat ics,
test rou tines , operat ing inf ormat ion for 29 CompuPro
products. Also defines and exp lains the S- 100 bus .
Softcov er ; 256 pages . $20.00 ~
"Product User Manuals, Volume 2" , ~ Ol11euPro
b
Y
I
comdPupro s1
t9a
a
ff
O' Ssimfi lar to ab
30ve
, but cO$v2eSrsoPoroducts niiijifw
re ease sin ce . 0 tcover; 07 pages . .
$1000to$1500
If you don't think it's possible to get a powerful
system at a modest cost, take a look at what is
available in this price range.
MARC STERN
rr's ST ILL TO Y PEOPLE THAT SO M UCH capabilities of their BASICs) you can start with a 6502-based
ing power can be purchased as inexpensively as it can. As we machine with 16K of RAM. expandable to 64K. Both can
saw in the first part of this survey. there' s quite a lot of power generate color or black -and-white graphics. with a maximum
packed into personal computers that are priced under $1000 . resolution of 192 by 280 (192 by 140 in color) and include 0/A
This also holds true between S1000 and $ 1500. converters for game paddles or other external devices.
Apple
We'll coverthe Apple computers much more thorou ghly later
on.
The Apple /I and Apple /I +. with eight expansion sl ots. are
Texas Instruments
the basis for a very powerful home or business system. indeed.
For a base price of S1330 (for either version of the computer- Look at the Texas I nstruments TI-99/4A. It is driven by a
the main difference between the two is in the mathematical 16-bit CPU. the TMS-9900. Quite a bit of power i s locked into
TABLE 3-$1000-$1500 Disk
Word Operating
Manufacturer Model Price CPU Length System(s) Language(s)
Apple Computer Apple II, $1330 6502 8 bits N/A BASIC
20525 Mariani Ave. Apple 11 +
Cupertino, CA 95014
Atari Home Atari 400 $1172 6502B 8 bits N/A BASIC, assembly,
Computers Pilot
1192 Borregas
Sunnyvale, CA 94086
Atar i Home Atari 800 $1294 6502B 8 bits N/A BASIC, assembly
Computers Pilot
Commodore Business VIC 20 $1293 6502 8 bits proprietary BASIC
Machines
487 Devon Pk. Rd.
Wayne, PA 19087
Commodore Business Commodore $1065 6510 8 bits N/A BASIC
Machines 64
Commodore Business Commodore $1194 6510 8 bits proprietary, BASIC
Machines 64
CP M(optlonal)
MIA COM OSI OSI, C1P $1465 6502 8 bits N/A BASIC
7 Oak Pk.
Bedford, MA 01730
MIA COM OSI OSI C4P $1025 6502 8 bits N/A BASIC
NEC Home Electronics PC8001 $1205 uPD 780 c-t 8 bits N/A BASIC, COBOL,
1401 W. Estes Ave. FORTRAN, Pascal
Elk Grove, IL 60007
Panasonic RL-1 000 $1103 8 bits N/A BASIC
1 Panasonic Way
Secaucus, NJ 07094
Panasonic RL-1400 $1203 8 bits N/A BASIC
Radio Shack TRS-80 $1002 6809 8 bits N/A BASIC
One Tandy Center Color
en Fort Worth, TX 76102 Computer
0
Radio Shack TRS80 $1401 6809 8 bits N/A BASIC
Z
0
Color Computer
a:
I-
0 Model III
w
Sony SMC-70 $1475 Z80A 8 bits N/A BASIC ..J
w
7 Mercedes Dr.
0
15
Montvale, NJ 07645
<t: Texas Instruments TI-99/4A $1373 TMS9900 16 bits N/A BASIC
a:
PO Box 225012 editor/assembler
60
Dallas, TX 75265
HARDWARE
$1000.$1500
this unit. The software for the computer is supplied by TI on
ROM (Read Onl y Memory) cartridges. The software that is
available includes BASIC. the high-leve l programming lan-
guage .
In this price range. the user has a pretty good home system.
For $ 1373. u ing a cassette recorder for mass storage. the user
has access to not only network communications-The Source.
Cornp-Ll -Servc, etc.-through the RS-232C interface and soft-
ware. but the user also ga ins color capabili ties through the
high-resoluti on color monitor. Hard copy is available with a
Memory/Storage Expansion Keyboard I/O Display Comment s
16K/cassette standard 40 x24 text,
interface up to 192 x 140
graphics
16K/cassette 57 keys, membrane serial , 40 x24 text, printer
parallel up to 320 x RS-232C
192 graphics
16K/cassette 61 keys, serial. 40 x24 text. us
4 special- parallel up to 320 x
function 192 graphics
5K/5%-lnch floppy 66 keys. 4 serial, 22 x23 text,
disk user-programmable IEEE-488 176 x 184 graphics
64K/cassette 64 keys, 4 serial 40 x 25 text, 190 printer
interface user-programmable graphics characters
64K/5'/. -inch floppy 64-key,4 serial 40 x25 text,
disk user-programmable 190 graphics
characters
8K standard serial 24 x 24 or
48 x 12 text
19K 32 x64 text,
256 x 512 graphics
32K/cassette monitor 84 keys. 12-key serial. 80 x25 text 12-inch green
interface keypad IEEE-48 160 x 200 graphics monitor
2K RS-232C, video 65-key mini- serial 16 x 32 text. Video RF adapter
package keyboard 48 x 64 graphics
4K RS-232C. video 65-key mini- serial 16 x 32 text,
package keyboard 48 x 64 graphi cs
16K cassette 16K, 53 button-type keys serial 8 colors,
interface printer 192 x 256 graphi cs
6'</cassette 61< 53 button-type keys serial 8 colors, 12-inch
interface printer 129 x 256 graphics color CRT
4K/cassette 65 keys, parallel, 12-inch B&W, printer 0
12-key keypad serial 64 (32) x 16 text
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64K/cassette 72 keys, 5 serial,
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interface programmable parallel m
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cassette standard 32 x24 text, printer,
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61
solid-state printer. Please refer to the previous discussion for a
full description of the basic system.
NEC
The buyer and user of the NEC PC-SOOI will also have a
pretty powerful home computer system.
This system includes 3:!K of RAM and a 12-inch green
phosphcr monitor. but uses a cas .cttc recorder for mass storage.
All of this comes in a package that costs 1205.
Panasonic
Handheld computer can gain a lot of power through expan-
sion and these appear in this price range. The price of the
Panasonic RL-IOOO rises to more than 5 1000 with just the
addi tion of communications capability and video ' display
capability. For 51103. the 2K version can be equipped with
serial communicati ons ability via an RS-232C package . It also
gains the capability for interfacing with a video di ' play with the
inclusion of a vidco-Rf package. The more powerful 4K RA I
RL-1400. with the same capabilities. has a price of 51203.
Radio Shack
When the TRS-80 Color Computer, also using a cassette
recorder system for mass storage. is configured as a " student "
system. its cost rises to 5 I002. This system includes 16K of
RAM. Extended Color BASIC. and line printer. but the user
must provide his own color monitor. These additions drastically
increase the capabilities of this system. And. if the user opts for
the Radio Shack monitor. the price of the complete package rises
to 51401.
Atari
Both Atari systems. the Atari ./00 and the Atari 800 . have
configurations that appear in this price range. When the At ari
400 is equipped with communications capability via the com-
plete communications package (including modem and com-
munications software) . and with printer capabil ity. its cost rises
to S11 72.50. A standard TV receiver is used for display pur-
poses. The same i true of the more expensive Atari 800.
However. the 800' s capabilities aren't as great in this price
segment. When equipped with only a printer. the price of the
Atari 800 rises to S1294. It has no communic ation ' ability. Both
systems. incidentally. use cas ette rna s storage in this price
range.
Commodore
Even the small VIC-20 system takes on some very sophisti-
cated capabilities in this price range. When a user equips this
sy tern with a minifloppy disk drive for mass storage.
gives it communications capability with the addition of the
RS-232C serial package. and gives it hard-copy output capabil-
ity with the addition of a printer. then the price of this expanded
system rises to S1403.
The Commodore M. is compatible with all the VIC-20periph-
en
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ex: here with optional 3.5-inch disk drives and RS-232C interf ace.
62
AJ4'HI'
I
POTENTIALL Y A POWERFUL SYSTEM, the price of the base Apple II fr om
Apple fall s in t his range .
cral equipment. After all. both systems arc made by the same
manufacturer and both arc in the same relative price range. so
one can expect this to be true. So. when the Commodore 6';.
which comes with 64K of RAM. is equipped with a cassette
recorder for mass toragc and a printer for hard copy output. the
price of this system rises to 5 I065. It you equip this system with
a minifloppy disk drive for mass storage. but delete the
printer. then the price of this system rises to 51194.
Radio Shack
Another system that begins its upgrading in this price spec-
trum is the TRS-80 Model III . The " Starter" system. which
includes 4K of RAM and a line printer. but uses a cassette
recorder for mass storage. is priced at S11 96. The TRS-80 Model
/II is a Z80-driven all-in-one personal computer that combines
the CRT. keyboard. and CPU into one terminal-like housing.
M/A-Com-OSI
M/A-Com-OSI has two entries in this price range. The C';P.
the starting point of many of this company' s systems. is priced at
S1.025. That system. as with all of this company's other sys-
tems. usc a 6502 microprocessor.
That price will bring the user 19K of memory as standard and
disk storage capability. Built into this system are the needed
video outputs. plus interface capabilities for either a modem or
printer.
The system language of the C4P is a BASIC interpreter . The
operating system for this machine is the company's proprietary
OS-650.
The second system offered by ivl/A-Com-OSI is the marc
complete CI P-tviF-20K. CostingS1465and driven by the same
type of proce sor. this system feature a full built-in keyboard
and 8Kof RAM. This system. programmable in BASIC. can be
expanded to include dual. minifloppy disk drives and 32K of
RAM. This system includes interface capabilities for a printer.
cassette and CRT.
Sony
ot all thc y terns appearing in this price range arc only
system upgrade . some are the foundation upon which very
powerful systems will be built in the higher price categories.
The SOI1,1' SMC-70. which eventually becomes a very power-
ful system as it moves through our pricing categories. has its
roots here at S1475.
The S,\4C-70 is another of the keyboard-computers on the
market. In this form. it includes nothins more than the keyboard
and computer with 64Kof RAM. A. you can sec. it's a powerful
. ystern from the tan . It is is driven by a high-speed Z80A
proce. sor with clock speed of is 4. 028 MHz. Though the high-
level language Sony BASIC. this system will also recognize and
rim the industry standard CP/M operating system. This is an
attractive feature because it puts many CP/M-based software
packages at the user' s fingertips. R-E
13
HOWARD W. SAMS & CO., INC.
4300 WEST 62ND STREET . P.O. BOX 7092
INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA 46206
Invest In You r Future!
SAMS 20% DISCOUNT SALE
Train your mind while you save bi g
dollar s on genui ne, tactory-Iresh
Sams Computer Books!
These are the same information-
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our lat est catal og - th e same great
authors - the same basic and
state-of-the-art subject s. The only
thing that's NOT t he same is the
price!
For a limit ed ti me, we've slashed
prices 20% to help you fig ht i nt la-
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lowest possi ble cost t o you!
SAMS/WAITE PRIMERS
CP/M'" PRIMER
Start reading CP/M Primer today
'and start using CP/M tonight! Your
compl ete, one-stop sour cebook for
ter mi nology , concepts, syst em
st art up, and software! By Stephen
Murtha and Mit chell Waite.
Ask for No. 21791 -$+0+;95
Now $11.96
CP/M is a regist ered trademark of
Digit al Research, Inc.
COMPUTER GRAPHICS PRIMER
Amaze yourself! Creat e compute r
animati on and other graphics rou-
tin es and tec hniques wit h thi s
color ful Sams best-sel ler, Many
examples, all in BASIC. By Mitchell
Wait e.
Ask for No. 21650 ~
Now $11.96
BASIC PROGRAMMING PRIMER
You'll wonder how you ever got
along wit hout t his conversat ional,
user-friendl y guide ! Has many pro-
grams, several appendixes, and a
t ear-out ref erence card of BASIC
commands. By Mitchell Waite and
Mi chael Pardee.
Ask for No. 21586 -$++:96-
Now $9.56
PASCAL PRIMER
You'll generat e powerf ul programs
in UCSDTM Pascal as this Sams
powerhou se guides you through
program st ructure and procedures
- clari fies statement s, vari ables,
and more! Ideal for beginners. By
David Fox and Mitchell Waite.
Ask for No. 21793 ~
Now $13.56
UCSD is a trademar k of UC
Regents, San Diego campu s.
MICROCOMPUTER PRIMER
Excell ent for readers serio usly i n-
ter ested in the whys and hows of a
micr ocomput er's work ings, and an
ideal compani on to Crash Course in
Micro computers. Has five appen-
dixes! By Mit chell Wait e and
Micha el Pardee.
Ask for No. 21653 ~
Now $11.60
COMPUTER
FUNDAMENTALS
FOUNDATIONS OF COMPUTER
TECHNOLOGY
Thorough int roducti on to comput-
i ng hist ory, evolut ion, and current
concepts. Exami nes basic ele-
ments and systems as well as t ech-
nol ogy. Requires no prior knowl -
edge of computers, electro nics, or
mat h. Excell ent basi c text. By
Joseph C. Giarrat ano.
AskforNo.21814 ~
Now $18.36
MODERN COMPUTER CONCEPTS
Covers memory t ypes and devices,
CPUs, data comm unicat ions, com-
puter networks and archi tect ures,
vi deotex in maj or count ries, and
more. Sequel to No. 21814. Best if
you' re already famil iar wit h basic
electronics, number syste ms, and
so for t h. By Joseph C. Giarratano.
Ask for No. 21815 ~
Now $18.36
BASIC: FUNDAMENTAL
CONCEPTS
This comp rehensive introducti on to
BASIC and its dialects can also
help you learn to convert BASIC pro-
grams from one dialect to another
and underst and t he problems that
come up when a program i n the
wrong dialect runs on your com-
puter . Many programs i ncluded. By
Joseph C. Giarratano.
Ask for No. 21941 $49:%
Now $15.96
BASIC: ADVANCED CONCEPTS
Conti nues the fundament al BASIC
commands and concepts begun i n
No. 21941, this ti me usin g BASIC as
a t ool to hel p you underst and pro-
gram storage withi n the computer,
explore fl oat ing-point arit hmetic,
examine number sys tems com-
monl y used, and more. By Joseph
C. Giarrat ano.
Ask for No. 21942 ~
Now $15.96
MICROCOMPUTER DESIGN AND
TROUBLESHOOTING
Improve or modif y an exist ing
mi crocomputer design as you like
it , or develop your OWN design and
make it work! No expensive com-
merci al development system needed
- only your brain, this book, and
some test gear. By Eugene Zum-
chak.
Ask for No. 21819 ~
Now $14.36
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63
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ZX81 BASIC BOOK
Neat ly and effect ively teac hes ZX81
BASIC language, instructions, and
programming techniques to owne rs '
of the ZX81 perso nal computer. In-
cludes many examples and exer-
cises. By Robin Norman.
Ask forNo. 21957 ~
Now $10.36
COMPUTER PROGRAMS FOR
MACHINE DESIGN
Ready-to-use BASIC programs to
help mechan ical and material en-
gi neers, machinists, tec hnicians,
and st udent s solve everyday prob-
lems in machin e tech nology. Dat a
can be mani pul at ed repeat edl y to
note design variables. By Robert J.
Wenzel.
Ask for No. 21960 -$2+;95-
Now $17.56
COMPUTERASSISTED HOMED
ENERGY MANAGEMENT
. .
Helps you create a worki ng energy
monitor, using your mi crocomput er,
inexpens ive temperat ure sensors
and other hardware. Includes
BASIC and 8080/Z-80 programs,
construct ion details, operational
analys is, and suggest ions. By Paul
E. Fi el d.
Ask for No. 21817 ~
Now $12.76
A fundamental approach t o pro-
grammi ng in all versions of FORTH,
using MMS FORTH i n part icular.
Program examples are direct ly com-
pared to t he same proqrarn wr itten
i n Microsoft Level II BASIC for
clari ty. By Ken Knecht.
Ask for No. 21842 ~
Now $7.96
INTRODUCTION TO FORTH
Includes some ground-zero basics,
a real-world set of rules for the
novi ce micro user, pragmatic num-
ber systems and logic, usable
codes, memory, and memory de-
vices. Dedicat ed to help ing you
build your beginner-level microcom-
put ing skills i nto knowledge you
can profit from and enjoy . By Don
Lancast er.
Ask for No. 21828 ~
Now $12.76
COMPUTER LANGUAGE
REFERENCE GUIDE
DON LANCASTER' S MICRO
COOKBOOK, Vol ume 1:
FUNDAMENTALS
If you know at least one language,
this sma ll book can help you under-
stand si x more! Seven chapters
cover seven languages and an
eight h presents a keywo rd die-
tionary. By Harry L. Helms, Jr.
Ask for No. 21786 ~
Now $6.36
PROGRAMMI NG AND
INTERFACING
GENERAL
PERSONAL COMPUTERS
HANDBOOK
You'l l need this practical guide that
explains t he hows and whys of your
mi cro's microprocessor, memory,
peri pheral s, progr amming, and
hardware/soft ware troubl eshoot ing.
By Walter H. Buchsbaum.
Ask for No. 21724 ~
Now $10.36
MICROCOMPUTER DICTIONARY
(2nd Edition)
Most current, down-to-earth, and
comp lete explanation of microco m-
puter products, proced ures, sys-
tems , techniques, and components
availab le. More than 5000 terms and
def initions in all! By Charles J.
Si ppI.
Ask for No. 21696 ~
Now $12.76
Presents an unbiased review of the
capabi lities of 21 current ly popular
microcomputer systems from 14
diff erent manufacturers. Hel ps you
make an i nformed choice. By
Will iam Barden, Jr.
Ask for No. 21698 -$&.95
Now $5.56
YOUR OWN COMPUTER
(2nd Edit ion)
An easi ly understandable collec -
t ion of computer tip s, buzzwords ,
and applications, followe d by a
compariso n of 30 di ff erent personal
and small -business computers
actually on the market. By Mitchel l
Waite and Mic hael Pardee.
Ask for No. 21860 -$i'-:95-
Now $6.36
Hel ps businesspeopl e avoid hi dden
comp uti ng costs, spot reli able sup-
pliers, ask intelligent questions,
and more. Has many examples, dla-
grams, and case studi es of ot her
business -cornputer users. Nont ech
nica l presentat ion. By Susan
Blumenthal.
Ask for No. 21890 ~
Now $7.16
HOWARD W. SAMS CRASH
COURSE IN MICRCOMPUTERS
UNDERSTANDING AND BUYING A
SMALL BUSINESS COMPUTER GUIDEBOOK TO SMALL
COMPUTERS
No previous computer knowledge is
necessary, because this one' s ln-
tended for those who need to know
about mi crocomputers and pro-
grammin g FAST! Sel f-teaching t or-
mat makes it exce llent for learning
on your own. By Louis E. Frenzel.
Ask forNo. 21634 ~
Now $15.96
COMPUTER DICTIONARY
(3rd Edi t ion)
More t han 12,000 defi nit ions in this
paperback reference translate com-
put ing terminol ogy into language
you can easily understand. Good for
computer veterans and novices
al ike. By Charl es J. SippI.
Ask for No. 21652 ~
Now $12.76
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THE LOGIC DESIGN OF
COMPUTERS - AN
INTRODUCTION
ENHANCING YOUR APPLE'" "
Shows you how to mi x text , LORES,
and HIRESanywhere on t he screen,
how to open up whole new wor lds of
3-D graphi cs and special effects
with a one-wire modificat ion, and
more. Tested goodies from a
t rusted Sams author! By Don Lan-
caster.
Ask for No_21846 -$'1-5:%
Now $12.76
PROGRAMMING AND
INTERFACING -
APPLE II
An i nformal approach to computer
logic, beginni ng with number
systems, computer desig n, and
machine language. You t hen look at
a set of basic logic circuits used i n
adders, registers, and counters, and
see how they connect to for m a
funct ioni ng comp uter. By M. Paul
Chi ni tz.
Ask for No. 21800 ~
Now $12.76
APPLE'" FORTRAN
Only fully detailed Apple FORTRAN
manual on the market! Ideal for
Apple programmers of all ski ll
levels who want to t ry FORTRAN i n
a business or scient if ic program.
Many ready-to-run programs pro-
vided. By Brian D. Bl ackwood and
George H. Blackwood.
AskforNo.21911 ~
Now $10.36
:1-
BASIC
p ~ M E R ' S
NOTEBOOK
SON OF CHEAP VIDEO
Brings you specs for a low-cost , do-
it -yourself custom EPROM charac-
ter generator, plus lower-case for an
Apple II, cheap video for 8080/Z-80,
a comp lete video display for $7, and
more! By Don Lancaster.
Ask for No. 21723 -$9:95-
Now $7.96
For both Cheap Video books,
ask for No. 21766 ~
Now $12.76
A valuabl e book with many ti me-
savi ng BASIC subroutines and pro-
grammi ng pract ices usually known
onl y to highl y experienced program-
mers. Al so contains several de-
bugged and easil y modif ied pro-
gram sampl es. By Earl R. Savage.
Ask for No. 21841 -$:+0+:9S-
Now $11.96
BASIC PROGRAMMER'S
NOTEBOOK
Shows you how to put words and
pict ures onto an ordinary TV screen
with TVT! Introduces you to basic
TVT syst em design , incl uding
memory types , interf ace circuitry,
hard-copy output, and color
graphics. By Don Lancast er.
Ask for No. 21313 -$++:95
Now $9.56
TV TYPEWRITER COOKBOOK
Discusses microcomputer bus
systems in general, exami nes 21 of
the most popu lar ones in use, and
explores ways you can use to int er-
face one with another. By Elmer C.
Poe and James C. Goodwin II.
Ask for No. 21810 $9:96-
Now $7.96
THE CHEAP VIDEO COOKBOOK
Shows you how t o bui ld and use a
$20, seven-IC circuit that let s your
computer provide any alphanumeric
or graphic s for mat, includ ing high
resol ut ion and a four-co lor mode,
via software control. By Don Lan-
cast er.
Ask for No. 21524 ~
Now $6.36
THE S-100 AND OTHER MICRO
BUSES
Excell ent i ntroduct ion to bi nary,
octa l, and hexadecimal numbers,
plus arithmetic operations on all
mic rocomput ers and more. Many
practical examples and self -tests.
By Wi ll iam N. Barden, Jr.
Ask for No. 21927 ~
Now $9.56
MICROCOMPUTER MATH
IJ
I J
EXPERIMENTS IN ARTIFICIAL
INTELLIGENCE FOR SMALL
COMPUTERS
BASIC BUSINESS SOFTWARE
Explain s the fundamentals of busi-
ness software development , how t o
evaluat e canned soft ware, and how
to writ e some of your own. Covers
information stor age and retri eval,
inventory control, payroll , and
general ledger programming. By E.
G. Brooner.
Ask for No. 21751 -$4+:95-
Now $9.56
Takes you into th e fascinat ing
world of artif icial int elli gence,
where you and your computer
direct ly part ici pat e in sessio ns in-
volving reason i ng, problem-solving,
creat ivit y, and verbal communica-
t ion. By John Krut ch.
Ask for No. 21785 -$8:95-
Now $7.16
Create your own data base pro-
gram! Compl ete t ut orial shows
rout ines you can use t o control and
access large amounts of data with
a microcomputer. Also explains
operation of 3 commercial data
base programs now on the market.
By E. G. Brooner.
Ask for No. 21875 ~
Now $10.36
MICROCOMPUTER DATA BASE
MANAGEMENT
65
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MOSTLY BASIC: APPLICATIONS

FOR YOUR
COMMODORE SOFTWARE
ENCYCLOPEDIA (2nd Edition)
Compr ehensive software directory
for the Commod ore PET, includi ng
busin ess, educat ional, games, firm-
ware, and mor e - 10 categories i n
all. Updated regular ly. By Com-
modore Comput er.
Ask for No_21944 -$9:95-
Now $7.96
Brings you 28 assorted fun-and-
serious BASIC programs for your
PET, each one comp lete with an ex-
pl anat ion, a sample run, and a list-
i ng. All are debugged and ready to
go. By Howard Berenbon .
Ask for No. 21790
Now $10.36
Provides you wi th unique i nforma-
t ion about int erfacing the PET
through each of its different outp ut
ports by means of a BASIC program
and a custom interface you can
build yourself. Has complete hard-
ware and soft ware inst ruct ions. By
James M. Downey and Steven M.
Rogers.
Ask for No. 21795
Now $13.56
INTERFACING
u
u-
VIC 20 PROGRAMMERS
REFERENCE GUIDE
An easy-to-use, detai led manual
that hel ps you program your VIC 20
l ike a pro in eithe r BASIC or
mac hine language! Includ es a
special section on VIC 20 I/O opera-
tio ns, too. By Commodore Com-
put er.
Ask for No. 21948
Now $13.56
COMMODORE 64 USER'S GUIDE
Shows you how t o set up, program,
and operate your Commodore 64, i n-
cludi ng how to do arcade-type color
animation, music, and sound ef-
fects. Same book that comes
packed with every Commodore 64
computer! By Commodore Com-
puter .
Ask for No. 22010 -$+2:95
Now $10.36
Programs quick ly di splay " what
happens if " and "what's needed
when" as they apply to periodic
waveform, rms and average val ues,
desi gn of matching pads, at -
t enuat ors, and heat sinks, sol ut ion
of simultaneous equations, and
more. By Howard M. Berl in.
Ask for No. 21863
Now $12.76
CIRCUIT DESIGN PROGRAMS
FOR THE APPLE'" II
PROGRAMMING AND
INTERFACING
COMMODORE

.
:
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,
,

FOR YOUR APPLE'" II, Book 1
The origi nal collec tio n of twenty-
eight debugged, fun-and-serious
BASIC programs you can use im-
medi at el y on your Apple II. Includes
a telephone dialer, digital st op-
watc h, ut iliti es, games, and more.
By Howard Berenbon .
Ask for No. 21789
Now $10.36
FOR YOUR APPLE'" II, Book 2
INTIMATE INSTRUCTIONS IN
INTEGER BASIC
Expl ai ns fl owcharti ng, loops, func-
ti ons, graph ics, variables, and more
as t hey relate t o Integer BASIC.
Used with Appl esoft Language, it
gives you everyt hi ng you need t o
program BASIC with your Apple II or
Appl e II Plus. By Brian D. Bl ack-
wood and George H. Bl ackwood.
Ask for No. 21812 -$8:95-
Now $7.16
SUPERPET: WATERLOO
Now, a second goldmine of t as- MICROCOBOL
cinating BASIC programs for your
Apple II, f eaturing 3 dungeons, 11 Explains use of various micro-
household programs, 6 on money or COBOL program statements, fi les
i nvest ment, 2 to tes t your ESP level , and fi le types, tables, and st ring
and more - 32 i n all! By Howard manipul ati ons. Inciudes many
Berenbon. pl us use of the l nt erac-
Ask for No. 21864 t ive debugger. By Commodore Com-
Now $10.36 puter.
Ask for No. 21909 0$9:95-
Now $7.96
IJ
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APPLE'" INTERFACING
Brings you real, tested i nterfacing
circuits that work , plus the neces-
sary BASIC software to connect
your Apple to the outside worl d.
Lets you cont rol other devices,
moni t or many events, and com-
municate with other computers,
modems, seria l printers, and more!
By Jonat han S. Ti tus , David G.
Larsen, and Christopher A. Titus.
Ask for No. 21862 -$4&.95
Now $8.76
APPLESOFT'" LANGUAGE
APPLE'" ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
Shows you how to use the a-cnarac-
ter, 56-word vocabu lary of Apple 's
6502 t o create powerful , fast-actin g
programs! For beginners or t hose
with littl e or no assemb ly language
programming experience. By Marvin
L. De Jong.
Ask for No. 21894 i-+5:95-
Now $12.76
Onl y complete text avai lable on
Applesoft BASIC! Self-teaching for-
mat simp l if ies learning and lets you
use what you learn FAST. Ideal for
busi nessmen, hobbyists, and pro-
fess ionals! Many programs in-
cluded. By Bri an D. Blac kwood and
George H. Blac kwood .
AskforNo.21811
Now $8.76
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CIRCLE 96 ON FREE INFORMATIONCARD
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FOR YOUR TRS80!>, Book 1
The origi nal assortment of 28 tun-
and-serious, deb ugged BASIC pro-
grams for your TRS80, all of which
are ready to run. Complete wi t h ex-
pl anation, sampl e run, and lis ting
for each program. By Howard
Berenbon.
Ask for No. 21788
Now $10.36
TRS811!> INTERFACING, Book 1
Int roduces you to the various I/O
sig nals of t he TRS-80 and suggests
the ir use i n a numbe r of practical
circuit s. Many i nterest ing experi -
ment s for those with a fairly goo d
underst anding of Level II BASIC. By
Jonath an A. Titus.
Ask for No. 21633 -$-ffl:95-
Now $8.76
TRS8t}!> ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
MADE SIMPLE
Learn how to plan , write, and hand-
assembl e your own assembly lan-
guage programs in memory, using
t he T-BUG and Level II BASIC ROM
subrout ines. Provides immedi ate,
short-cut resul ts for the user who
can simply use exist ing routines.
By Ear les McCaul.
Ask for No. 21851 "
Now $10.36

PROGRAMMING AND
INTERFACING - TRS80
REALTIME CONTROL WITH Ha
THE TRS811!> JLj .
Shows how to use you r TRS80 for
sophisticated, low-cost control of
mechanical or electrical devices.
Only an ordi nary knowledge of
Level II BASI C is needed, and no
compute r modi fi cati on is neces-
sar y. Provides everyt hing you need,
including where to f ind the sensors
and act uat ors. By Russell M. Genet.
Ask for No. 21831
Now $11.96
INTERMEDIATE PROGRAMMING
FOR THE TRS8t}!> Modell
Shows you how to do mor e wi t h
Level II BASIC. Then, leads you
graduall y from BASIC int o as-
sembl y and machine-language pro-
gramming on the TRS-80 Model 1.
Many operating details and pro-
gramming tips negl ect ed else-
where. By David L. Heiserman.
Ask for No. 21809 S9:%-
Now $7.96
FOR YOUR TRS80!>, Book 2
Now, a second goldmine of 32 all-
new BASIC programs! Includes 3
dungeo ns, 11 hous ehold programs ,
7 on money and i nvest ment (i nclud-
ing 3 on t he stock market ), 2 that
t est you r ESP level, and more. corn-
plet e wit h explanations, sample
runs, and li sti ngs. By Howard
Berenbon .
Ask for No. 21865
Now $10.36
USING THE Z80 IN THE TRS80!>
Shows you how to access t he
powerful Z80 in t he TRS80 models
I and II I. Learn t he Z-80 instruction
set, it s TRS-80 imp lementation,
hardware, soft ware, and more.
You' ll need ready access to a
TRS-80 model I or II I. By Elmer Poe.
Ask for No. 21839
Now $11.16
Simpl e examp les help explai n thi s
i nterpretat ion of t he language, and
a reference secti on covers syntax
and semant ics. Also discuss es the
Wat erl oo microEdit program, a f ull-
scr een text edito r. By F. D. Boswell ,
T. R. Grove, and J. W. Wel ch .
Ask for No. 21905
Now $8.76
SUPERPET: WATERLOO
MICROPASCAL
SUPERPET: WATERLOO
MICROAPL
Your complete tutorial and refe r-
ence manual for t his powerful , con-
cise language that's ideall y suited
for data analysis, data base ap-
pl icati ons, and data cornrnunlca-
ti ons . By J. C. Wi lson and T. A.
Wil kerson.
Ask for No. 21907 $9;95-
Now $7.96
. SUPERPET: WATERLOO
MICROFORTRAN
Gi ves det ail s and many examples
of thi s FORTRAN dial ect used in
educatio nal and research environ-
ment s. Incl udes a complete refe r-
ence section. By P. H. Di rkson and
J. W. Welch.
Ask for No. 21904
Now $8.76
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SUPERPET: WATERLOO
MICROBASIC
Introduces you t o th e general fea-
tures of microBASIC fir st , t hen
takes a det ai led look at t he corn-
mand and programmi ng languages.
Three appendi xes , one of whi ch
covers fi le handli ng. By J. W.
Graham and K. I. McPhee.
Ask for No. 21906
Now $8.76
SUPERPET SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Looks at SuperPET fu ndamentals
from hardware to Wat erloo micro-
soft ware, incl udi ng the Waterloo
mi cr oEdi tor. By F. D. Boswell , T. R.
Grove, K. I. McPhee, J. B. Schuel er,
and J. W. Wel ch.
Ask for No. 21903 -$5:95-
Now $4.76
SUPERPET: WATERLOO 6809
ASSEMBLER
Provides you wit h all element s
necessary to develop and debug
programs in 6809 asse mbly lan-
guage for t he SuperPET. Contains
t ut oria l examples and detai ls of t he
6809 Assembler and development
systems. By D. D. Cowan and M. J.
Shaw.
Ask for No. 21908
Now $8.76
lJ
I I
8080/8085 SOFTWARE
DESIGN, Book 1
Gives you a thoro ugh look at as
sembly language programming for
the 8080 or 8085. Has detail ed
coverage of the 8080/8085 lnstru c-
t ion sets and interf acing tech-
niques. By David G. Larsen,
Jonathan A. Titus, and Christop her
A. Titus .
Ask for No. 21541 ~
Now $10.36
8080A MICROCOMPUTER
INTERFACING AND
PROGRAMMING, 2nd Edit ion
Teaches you device select pulse
generat ion, microcomputer out put,
micr ocomputer i nput, and i nterrupt
servicing in t he context of
8080Abased microcomput ers.
Helps you understand and devel op
your own int erf aces t o ot her digi tal
devices. By Peter R. Rony.
Ask for No. 21933 W:95
Now $14.36
6809 MICROCOMPUTER
PROGRAMMING AND
INTERFACING, WITH
EXPERIMENTS
Instructional text and appli cati ons
handbook givin g you a solid under-
sta nding of the 6809 hiqh-per-
forman ce chip. Covers al l aspect s
and includes much softwa re. By
Andrew C. Staugaard, Jr.
Ask for No. 21798 ~
Now $11.96
PROGRAMMING AND
INTERFACING - 8080
MICROPROCESSORS
HOW TO PROGRAM AND H'
INTERFACE THE 6800 JLj.
Introductory tutorial t o Motorola's
popu lar 6800, emphasizi ng real-
world appl icati ons. Covers int ernal
stru ctur e, i nst ruct ion set , proqr arn-
ming, hardware, and int erfa cin g
techniques. Many experiments! By
Andrew C. Staugaard, Jr.
Ask for No. 21684 0$+5:95-
Now $12.7fl
PROGRAMMING AND
INTERFACING - 6800
MICROPROCESSORS
PROGRAMMING AND
INTERFACING THE 6502, WITH
EXPERIMENTS
Good any t ime, but exce llent if you
don't have much 6502 assembly lan-
guage programming or cblp-level
i nterfacing experience. Simp le I/O
techn iques, instruct ions, and int er-
f aci ng that can be reinforced by a
KIM, SYM, or AIM syst em. By
Marvin L. De Jong.
Ask for No. 21651 ~
Now $13.56
ADVANCED 6502 INTERFACING
Cont ains many valuabl e design
t echniq ues for machine control
using t he 6502 and 6800 micro-
processor f amil ies. Teaches i nter-
face design, understanding of LSI
devi ces, and solutions t o typical
problems encountered. By John M.
Holland.
Ask for No. 21836 ~
Now $10.36
;j ~ .
ADVANCED
6502
INTERFACING
--
u
6502 SOFTWARE DESIGN
Shows you how to place t he power -
ful 6502 under assembly language
program control. Contai ns 88 de-
bugged and usabl e sample pro-
grams, and a wealth of additional
mat eri al. By Leo J. Scanl on.
Ask for No. 21656 ~
Now $10.80
'j
I
THE 68000: PRINCIPLES AND H ,
PROGRAMMING jlJ.
Syst emati call y guides you through
the 68000's compl ex architecture,
instructi on set , pino uts, and inter-
fac ing t echniques. Excel lent for de-
sign engi neers, programmers, and
st udent s. By Leo J. Scanlon.
Ask for No. 21853 $++.95-
Now $11.96
16BIT MICROPROCESSORS
Carefull y st eps you through the
complexi tie s of programm ing and
designing with powerful 16bit
microprocessors. Covers the 68000,
8086, Z8001l2, 9900, and NS16000.
By Christ opher A. Titus, Jonat han
A. Ti tus, Alan Baldwin, W. N. Hubin,
and Leo Scanl on.
Ask for No. 21805 0$+5:95-
Now $12.76
PROGRAMMING AND
INTERFACING - 6502
MICROPROCESSORS
Gi ves you a number of advanced
ways to use t he knowledge f rom
Book 1, incl uding generation of con-
trol voltages and curre nts, driving
hi ghvol t age and hiqh-cur rent loads,
and many more. Complete software
furn ished. By Jon athan A. Titus,
Christopher A. Titu s, and David G.
Larsen.
Ask for No. 21739 ~
Now $9.56
For both books,
ask for No. 21765 -$r9:-95
Now $16.76
TRS80" - MORE THAN BASIC
Learn to program in Z80 rnne-
moni cs, using more than 26 avail -
able (and changeable) commands.
Int eractive monitor program aut o-
mat icall y flags inco rrect lnstruc-
t ions or commands and turns your
TRS80 into a cost-effecti ve
development system! By John Paul
Froehli ch.
Ask for No. 21813 $4e:9&
Now $8.76
CIRCUIT DESIGN PROGRAMSH ' .
FOR THE TRS80" JLJ.
Provides you with a number of Level
II BASIC programs to use durin g de
sign and analysis of electro nic ci r-
cuits. Each one can also be used as
a subroutine i nside of a larger pro-
gram if you wis h, and all are ready
to run. By Howard M. Berl in.
Ask for No. 21741 . , ~
Now $11.60
(f)
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CIRCLE 96 ONFREEINFORMATIONCARD
8080/8085 SOFTWARE DESIGN,
Book 2
A sequ el to Book 1, cove ri ng t he
processes of alph anumeric storage
and system interrupts. Als o shows
yo u how to writ e a syst em moni tor
or debugger for your rnlcrocorn -
puter. By David G. Larsen, Jonathan
A. Titus, and Christopher A. Titus.
Ask for No. 21615 $4r.95
Now $10.36
For both books,
ask for No. 21659 ~
Now $17.56
808SA COOKB OOK
A design guide you can use to
develop a number of compl etely
operational, low-cost microcom-
puters around the BOB5A chip. Dis-
cusses support hardware and
tarni ly-cornpatlble ch ips . By
Jonath an A. Titus, David G. Larsen,
and Chri st oph er A. Ti t us.
Ask fo r No. 21697 ~
Now $12.76
ZBO MICROCOMPUTER
HANDBOOK
Acquai nts you wit h the hardware of
the Z-BO and disc usses it s software
aspects, inc luding use of machine
and ass emb ly language. Also looks
at the microcomputers using that
ch ip. By William Barden, Jr.
Ask for No. 21500 &++:95
Now $9.56
Z-80 MI CROCOMPUTER DESIGN
PROJECTS
Even a nov ice can get f irst-hand
Z-BO operations exper ience! You
act ual ly build a small but f ully
ope rational Z-BO mi cr ocomput er
having 2K of EPROM and 12B bytes
of RAM, prog ram it , check it out ,
and use it in more than 75 pages of
projects! By Will iam Barden, Jr .
Ask for No. 21682 . . . . .. . . . $t8:95
Now $11.16
ZBOMICROPROCESSOR
PROGRAMMING AND
INTERFACING, Book 1
Introduces you to the ZBO and its
machi ne- and assembly-language
software. Requires NO backgr ound
in computer sc ience, programm ing ,
or digital electronics. By Joseph C.
Nichols, El izabet h A. Nic hols, and
Pet er R. Rony.
Ask for No. 21609 ~
Now $10.36
ZBOMICROPROCESSOR
PROGRAMMING AND
INTERFACING, Book 2
Covers t he inter faci ng of digital clr-
cu lts with Z-BO CPU, PIO, and CTC
. ch ips. Assumes you have read Book
1 or are familiar with ZBO assembly
and mac hine-language program-
ming. By Joseph C. Nichols, Eli za-
bet h A. Nichols, and Peter R. Rony .
Ask for No. 21610 -$+5-:95-
Now $12.76
For both boo ks,
ask for No. 21611 . . .. . ' N ~ ~ ' : ~ ~ : ; ~
li Registeredtrademark of Blacksburg Group, Inc. Bug symbols indicate the books in the Blacksburg Conti nuing Education Series.
. .
SAMS 20% DISCOUNT SALE ORDER FORM
Try These SAMS Digital Goodies! Catalog No. Qty. Special Price Total Catalog No. Qty. Special Price Total
UNDERSTANDING DIGITAL LOGIC CIRCUITS, No. 21867, S18.95val ue, Now S15.16
DIGITAL LOGIC CIRCUITS: TEST AND ANALYSIS, No. 21799, S16.95value, Now S13.56
IC MASTER, No. 21934, S82.50value, NowS66.DOcomplete
Also These SAMS BasicNecessities!
HANDBOOK OF ELECTRONIC TABLESAND FORMULAS, No. 21532, S11.95value, Now S9.56
TUBE SUBSTITUTION HANDBOOK, 21st Edition, No. 21746, S4.95value, Now S3.96
MODERN DICTIONARYOF ELECTRONICS, No. 21314, S22.95val ue, Now S1B.36
HOW TO REAO SCHEMATICDIAGRAMS, 3rd Edition, No. 21 127, S7.50value, Now S5. 99
TELEVISION SYMPTOM DIAGNOSIS, 2nd Edition, No. 21460, $10.95value, Now S8.76
TROUBLESHOOTING WITH THEOSCILLOSCOPE, 4th Ednion, No. 2173B, S10.95value, Now
SB. 76
IMPORTANT - HERE'SHOW TO OROER
Subtotal
1. Look through the Sams Book listi ngs inthisad andfindthebooks that fit your interestsor
o Check o Money Order
Add local sales tax where applicable
theinterests of someone you know.
o MasterCard(Interbank No. )
Add Handling Charge 2.00
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mail thehandyordercardattached. if the ordercardismissing, sendusthe order formon this
page or stapleit toyour purchase order.
3. Charge your books toyour MasterCard or Visa account, or include your check or money
Account Number Expires
order for the full amount due. Be suretoadd S2forhandling.
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INOIANAPOLl S, IN46206
Offer good i n USA only, and expires November 30, 1982. Prices subject to change wit hout not ice. m
All books avail able from Sams dis tributors. bookstore s. and computer st ores nati onwi de. In :IJ
Canada, contact Lenbrook lndustr les, ltd., Scarbo rough, Ontario M1H 1H5.
IX0349 I
~
t oward W. Samsco., Inc., 4300 W. 62nd - P.O. Box 7092, Indianapoli s, Indiana 46206
<0
co
f\)
28K
COMMODOREVIC
(600/0 More Power Than VIC20)
Only!
$259
00
SPECIAL COMPUTER Sale Price!
Best service In the USAI
One Day Delivery Express
Mall
Most In Stock Accessories
Qver 500 Programs To
Choose From
Educatlonal-Buslness-
Home-Game Programs
Immediate Refunds
Free Catalogs
We Love Our CustomersI
If you provide this computer as a
Teacher and Tutor at home, before you
know it your child will be writi5&corn-
puter proqrarns., We have over pro-
grams to choose from!! More than 270
educational tapes, ' complete coverage of
small business and home programs, plus
a wide variety of the best games!
pay $140.00 to $295.00 for an electroniC
game or $100.00 for a 2K tOY computer
with a flat 1!lastic keyboard?When you
can buy this powerful extra featured
computer for only $259.00.
TELEPHONE MODEMSALE $109
Plug in your VIC telephone modem. Now
you can get a world of information
through your telephone, plus electronic
mail. Just dial up the information you
want. UPI wire service, stock market,
historical information by topic from over
60 magazines. including New York
Times. Airline information, order tickets,
get weather information anywhere in the
world, restaurant and hotel information.
thousands of categories are on line for City - - - - - --- - - - --
you, business. finance. education, enter-
tainment, games etc. YOU'LL BE THE State Zip Code -----
TALK OF YOUR NEIGHBORHOOD. Our 0 VISA 0 MASTERCARD 0 C.O.D.
telephone modem price is only $109 and
includes FREE! one year network Credit Card No.
membership and one hour on line! ---------
SPECIALSALE PRICE $259.00
FOR ONLY $259 you get the POWERFUL Expiration Date
28K COMMODORE VIC with 60% MORE Add $10.00 for shipp ing, handling and ln-
PROGRAMMING POWER THAN VIC.20! surance. Illinois residents please add
6% tax. Add $20.00 for CANADA, PUER
28,000 bytes total memory (20,000 bytes TO RICO, HAWAII orders . WE DONO EX
ROM, 8000 bytes RAM and extended PORT TO OTHER COUNTRIES.
LEVEL II BASIC), the professional 66 Enclose Cashiers Check, Money Order
color, sound, music self or Personal Check. Allow 14 days for
teaching instruction book, A.C. aoaptor, delivery, 2 to 7 days for phone orders,
R.F. modulator, T.V. switch box, 1day express mail!
manual pl.us all the other features listed, . Canada orders must be in U.S. dollars.
In a beautiful console. .. .
SPECIALSALE PRICE $339
FOR ONLY $339 you get the 41K COM
MODORE VIC with 400% MORE PRO
GRAMMING POWER THAN VIC-20! We
add 16,000 bytes memory to t he VIC20.
You get a total of 41,000 bytes memory
(20,000 bytes ROM, 21,000 bytes RAM
and extended LEVEL II BASIC) plus all
the extra features shown for the 28K
COMMODOREVIC.
60KEXPANSIONMODULESALE$109
SWITCH SELECTABLE- 61SLOr-RESET
EXPANSION MODULEallows memory ex-
IMMEDIATE REPLACEMENT WARRANTY pansion to 6OK. You can add up to 6
If your computer fails because of warranty cartridges, switch select any program
defect within 90 days from date of pur- you desire, stop and start programs with
chase, you simply send your computer to reset button, not necessary to remove
us via United Parcel Service prepaid. We cartridge or turn off computer, saves
will "immediately" send you a replace. time, television and computer (one year
h
. U ' d warranty).
raent comp.uter at c arge via nne 15 DAY FREE TRIAL
Parcel Service prepaid. No one we know
gives you this kind of warranty service.
Most computer warranty service takes 30
to 90 days to handle this fantastic "lrn- 0 Please send me the 28K
mediate replacement warranty" is backed Commodore VIC Computer for
by COMMODORE COMPUTER, a MAJOR $259.00
national brand electronics manufacturer. 0 Please send me the 41K
Commodore VIC Computer for
$339.00
o Telephone Modem $109.00
o 60K Expansion Module $109.00
We ship C.O.D. and honor Visa and
Master Card.
Name _
Address _
WHY SUCH A LOW PRICE
WE GIVE YOU 60% to 400% MORE PRO
GRAMMING POWER THAN VIC-20! You
can't beat our prices for the VIC-20 with
increased programming power added!
We sell direct to customers. We save
you the profit margin normally made by
computer stores, department stores; and
distributors. We are wiliing to take a
smaller margin 10develop volume !
INVEST IN YOUR CHILDREN
Educate your children while they play.
Every kid wants to play electronic games.
(We have some of the best). The next
natural step for their curiosity is to try
simple programming. They can do this in
20 minutes with our simple self teaching
instruction book. High schools are
teach ing computer math , science and pro-
gramming . some start in grammar school.
FOR THE SPECIAL SALE PRICE OF
$259.00. you get the COMMODORE
VIC-20 computer plus WE ADD 3000,
BYTES OF MEMORY to give you 60%
MORE PROGRAMMING POWER! This
powerful fullsized extra featured corn-
puter includes the 6502 microprocessor
(LIKE APPLE) 20,000 bytes ROM wit h a
16K extended LEVEL II Microsoft BASIC,
8000 bytes RAM plug in expandable to
32,000 bytes RAM, 66 key typewriter pro-
fessional expanded keyboard with
graphic symbols on keys, color corn-
mand keys, high resolution graphics, 512
displayable characters, text display is 22
lines 23 characters, sound and music,
real time, upper lower case, full screen
editing cursor, floating point dec imal and
trig functions, str ing arrays, scrolling,
multi statement lines, file managment,
PEEK AND POKE. Assembly machine
language is available. We have easy to
use self teaching books and programs.
Accept TAPEDISKPLUG IN CART
RIDGES, connects to any TV, includes
AC adaptor, R.F. modulator, switch box,
self teaching instruction book, comes in
a beautiful console case for ony $259.00.
LOW COST PLUG IN EXPANSION
Expansion accessories plug direct ly into
this computer, extra RAM memory, con-
trollers, a Casselle, A Telephone Modem
for only $109.00, an 80 Column Printer for
$349.00, even the 170K Disk Drive plugs in
direct. You do not have to buy an expen-
sive expansion interface.
weare
commodore VIC
experts! !
PRDTECTD
ENTERPRIZES (FACTORY.D1,ECT)
BOX 550, BARRINGTON, ILLINOIS 60010
PhnnA to order
S1S00toSIOOO
v:
HARDWARE
$1500.$2000
Among the highlights of this
price range are fully
configured versions of
low-end computers and
basic versions of
high-powered systems.
MARC STERN
ON E THING A LOOK AT T IlE PRI CES OF PERSONAL COi\lPUTERS
will tell you is there a lot of them in the low-to moderate
price-range and a lot in the upper price ranges. but the middle
ground. starting around S1500 is relatively empty.
It is in this area. though. that some very powerful systems
have their origins and some very powerful computer firms enter
the competition. It is also here that lower-end eomputcr systems
begin to stretch their legs.
The name IBM first makes it appearance here with its S1565
Personal Computer. Ycs-IBM sells a computer for less than
$1600.
In its standard configuration. the Personal Computer, or Pc.
consists ofa lS-bit , 8088-based computer with 16Kof RAM. In
this entry-level version. it is possible for a user to load and save
BASIC programs using a cassette recorder. Those programs are
entered through an 83-key detachable keyboard. which also has
a 10-key keypad for rapid data entry. and 10 function keys.
The system has 40K of ROM. which contains thc operating
system. BASIC, and instructi ons for performing complex
graphics functions. It can generate 16 foreground colors and
eight background colors. There is also a built-in speaker for
sound generation.
The Personal Computer PC is a modular unit. and a user is
able to expand it extensively in building-block fashion. as we
shall see later.
Olivetti
Another noted equipment-manufacturer has also entered the
personal/home/business-computer field-Olivetti. with its 1' 1'/-
20. This microcomputer is also a modular unit.
What you get for an investment of S1988 is a 16-bit machine.
driven by a Z800 I microprocessor. This is one of the first
personal computers on the market to make usc of this powerful
CPU.
What' s the attraction of a lS-bit over and 8-bit CPU? One of
the key answers is speed. A 16-bit CPU can access data and
process it much more quickly than an 8-bit processor (see the
separate piece on 8-bit vs. 16-bit computers in this section).
Sixteen-bit machines also tend to run at fairly high speeds, and
the M-20 is no slouch in that department .
Straight out of the carton. this is a powerful unit. even with
fewperipherals attached. To give one example, it comes already
equipped with 128K of RAM.
The computer runs Olivetti' s proprietary PCOS and rccog-
nizes only programs written under that operating system. The
usc of a proprietary operating system can be a drawback for thc
potential user because, unless he opts for thc CP/M emulation
disk. which will allow him to run CP/M 2.2, or the soon-to-be-
available soft card. which will allow him to run CP/M or
MS-DOS, he will be limited to programs written specifically for
this computer.
The BASIC language in this machine is the powerful BASIC
THE M2D. fr om Oli vetti . Is one of the first personal computers to use the
powerful Z8001 16blt microprocessor.
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,....
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80 and the computer is capable of 256 commands and functions. execute commands and procedures. but it also execute ' the
Memory is expandable to 512K through the use of plug-in ystem utilities and call machine-language routines . It can also
expansion boards; there are five slots on the motherboard forthis provide security for data via password and can "window ' the
and other purposes. display so only a small portion can be viewed at a time .
The display capabi lities of the M-20 arc very good. It can
Micro Technology Unlimited
di splay ei ther 80 by 25 l ines or 64 by 16. The resol utio n level for
a color monitor is 5 12by 256 pi xel s, whic h makes thi s machine Micro Technology Unlimited's MTU-/30 uses a 6502 rnic-
capable of hi gh-l evel graphics. roproccssor and comes with 80K of built -in RAM.
pcas i s a powerful operati ng system for the computer's dual It is a truly modu lar . ysrcm that begin with l i ttl e more than
quad-densit y fl oppy-di sk system. pcas monitors and manages the system box and 96-key keyboard. In that configuration.
the tot al system's resources. Not only does i t catalogue and external data and program storage is provided by a cassette
recorder.
TABLE 4-S1500 -S2000 Disk
Word Operating
Apple Computer Apple II $1530 6502 8 bits N/A BASIC
20525 Mariani Ave.
Cupertino CA 95014
~
Atari Home Atari 800 $1552 6502 8 bits N/A BASIC
Computers
1265 Borregas
Sunnyvale. CA 94086
Commodore Business Commodore $1695 6509 8 bits proprietary BASIC
Machines B128
487 Devon Pk. Rd.
Wayne, PA 19087
Commodore Business CBM $1295 6502 8 bits N/A BASIC
Machines 4032N
Commodore Business CBM $1495 6502 8 bits N/A BASIC
Machines 8032B
Commodore Business Commodore $1589 6510 8 bits proprietary BASIC
Machines 64
Commodore Business CBM $1995 6502 8 bits NlA BASIC
Machines 8032N
Commodore Business SuperPET $1995 6809/6502 8 bits N/A APL, BASIC,
Machines SP9000 Pascal, FORTRAN,
COBOL assembler
Commodore Business CBM $1690 6502 8 bits proprietary BASIC
Machines 4016
Franklin Computer Ace $1595 6502 8 bits N/A BASIC
Corp. 1000
7030 Colonial Hwy.
Rennsauken. NJ 08109
Heath Co. H-89 $1895 Z80 8 bits HDOS. BASIC, other
Benton Harbor, MI CP/M (optional) CP M compatible
49022
International IBM $1565 8088 16 bits N/A BASIC
Business Machines Personal
Box 1328 Computer
Boca Raton, FL 33432
MlcroTechnology MTU 100 $1549 6502 8 bits N/A
Unlimited, Box 12106
Raleigh, NC 27605
MicroTechnology MTU $1699 6502 8 bits N/A
Unlimited
MicroTechnology MTU 130 $1999 6502 8 bits N/A
Unlimited
Netronics Research Explorer $1530 8085 8 bits CP/M CP/M
333 Litchfield Rd. 85 compatible
Non-Linear Systems Kaypro Ii $1795 Z80 8 bits CP/M SBASIC
533 Stevens Ave.
Solana Beach, CA
(J)
92075
o Olivetti Corp. M-20 $1988 Z8001 16 bits BASiC
Z
155 White Plains Rd.
0
Tarrytown, NY 10591
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Osborne Computer Osborne I $1795 Z80A 8 bits CP/M CBASIC,
o
w 26500 Corporate Ave. MBASIC
-I
Hayward, CA 94545 w
0 Radio Shack TRS-80 $1601 6809 8 bits BASIC
0 One Tandy Center Color
~
Fort Worth, TX 76102 Computer a:
74
TheMTU-140:s operating ystem is the called CODOS. and it controversy i s the Franklin ACE 1000. At $1595 it isn't much
recognizes UCSD-p-System Pascal. the high-level FORTH lan- more expensive than the Apple II.. .and it's another of the Apple
guage. BASIC. and supports an assembler. The video display is look-alikes ,
bit-mapped which makes complex graphics relatively easy . The ACE 1000 comes equipped with 64K of RA M . I ts
Input and output are via two parallel ports and a serial port. typewriter-style keyboard has 72 keys. and there is also a 12-key
The MTU-130 can be upgraded while still staying within this keypad for number entry. Because of its resemblance to the
price range by adding a 12-inch green-screen CRT (the base Apple. it is reasonable to assume that hardware and software for
price i $1549: the monitor increases that to $1699). that computer will al so work in the ACE 1000.
Frankli n HeathlZenlth
A computer in this category that i s the subject of much Heath/Zenith also has an offering in this price category. the
,-
'""'
16K1cassette 53 keys serial. 40 x 24 text ,
aae 280 x 192 graphics
16K1cassette 61 key, 4 special RS-232C printer
function interface
128K1dual 5V.-inch 92-key keyboard, IEEE-488, 80 x 25 text , integral
double-density 10 user-program- serial up to 320 x 200 display
floppy disk mabie keys, graphics
19-key keypad
32K1cassette standard, numeric IEEE-488 40 x 25 integral
I keypad display
32K1cassette standard, numeric IEEE-488 80 x 25 integral
keypad display
64K/5V. -inch 64 keys. 4 RS-232C 40 x 25 printer
I
nooov disk user -orooramrnable interface 16 colors
Qf;K cassette standard, numeric IEEE-488 80 x 25 integral
keypad . display
96K1cassotte standard, numeric IEEE-488 80 x 25 integral
keypad display
16K 5' -Inch standard, numeric IEEE-488 40 x 25 integral
floonv disk keypad display
64K1cassette 72 keys, 40 x 24 text, Apple-
12-key keypad 280 x 192 graphics compatible
48K15V.-inch 84 keys, 3 serial. 80 x 25 integral
floppy disk 12-key keypad 1 parallel display
16K1cassette 83 keys, serial , 80 x 25 text,
10 key keypad , parallel up to 640 x 200 color
10 special- graphics
function keys
80Klcassette 96 keys 2 parallel . terminal only,
1 serial upgradable
80Klcassette 96 keys 2 parallel. 12-inch green CRT,
t serial terminal only,
upqradable
80Kldisk controller only 96 keys 2 parallel, 12 Inch
1 serial green CRT
terminal only,
upgradable
32K8-rnch serial
floppy disk
I-
64K1dual 5'/.-inch 62 keys , serial, 80 x 24 9-inch integral
double-density 14-key keypad parallel green CRT
floppy disks
128K1cassette 72 keys parallel 80 x 25,
serial upt0512 x 256
oraohics
s
64K1dual 5'14-inch 81 keys, serial , 5-inch
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16K15'I. -inch 53 keys, button-type serial 32 x 16
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entry-level 11-89 (from Heath)/Z-89 (from Zenith). Like the
Radio Shack TRS-80 Model III . this all- in-one unit houses the
CRT, keyboard. CPU. and48K of RAM. At $1895 as a kit from
Heath. it's quite a bargain. Fully assembled and tested. it is
called the Z-89 and costs about $1.000 more.
The computer uses two Z80 microprocessors-one for com-
puting purposes. and the other to handle display functions. The
second Z80 allows the first to perform its task more efficient ly.
The H/Z-89 comes with an 84-key keyboard that includes a
12-key keypad.
Also included is a sing le 5 disk drive . The operating
system is Heath' s own HDOS . but the computer can also run
CP/M. which opens the door to a wealth of software.
Although a black-and-white CRT is standard. an anti-glare
green (or black-and-white) one is avai lable for an additional
$30. The disp lay is 80 by 24. with an optional 25th status line .
There are also three RS-232 serial ports to allow the connection
of a printer. modem. etc .
Commodore
Commodore Business Machines also has a number of com-
puters in this price class. For instance. we find the 32K PET
4032N. It features a built-in 12-inch. 40 character disp lay. and
includes a keyboard with both alphanumeric and graphics
characters. and numeric keypad . Wit h a sing le disk drive. the
system sells for $1695: without. it sells for $1295,
Also in this price range is the Commodore 64 which . with a
dot-matrix printer and a single floppy-disk drive costs S1.589.
Another entry is the 5 1500 CBM 8032B. which features a
typewriter-style keyboard. numeric keypad. bui lt-in CRT with
an 80 column by 25-line display. and 32K of RAM . ROM-based
BASIC 4.0 is also standard.
Like all CBM machines. the 51695 B128 uses an 8-bit
microprocessr-in this case a 6509. The Commodore " B"-
series computers are aimed at the business marke t and this one
comes with l28K of RAM-more than enough memory for just
about any business application. It is another of Commodore's
all-in-one machines and. as such. includes an integral 80-
column by 25-'line CRT.
While the computer uses Commodore's own DOS. CPIM can
be run by adding a plug-in card option.
Osborne
An interesting phenomenon in this segme nt of the
microcomputer market is the ull-in-one. truly portable unit. One
such is the ashame I . which carries a pricetage of $ 1795.
What sets this system apart from the others we' ve discussed
so far is that there is no need to purchase either peripherals or
add-on software. A CRT and dual S- Vr-inch floppies are built in.
and a comprehensive software package is included (see below).
If the name "Osborne" sounds familiar. it should. Adam
Osborne is one of the wizards of the microcomputer revolution
and not only manufacturers computers. but has also for a long
time been a successful author and publisher of articles and books
(J)
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A FULL FEATURED. trully portable computer. the Kaypro II from Non
a: Linear Systems features a nine-inch display.
76
THE'COMMODORE " 8" series of personal computers. such as the 8128.
are aimed primarily at the business market.
on micr ocomputers and the microcomputer industry. Appa rent-
ly. what Osborne felt the world was ready for was a low-priced.
full-service computer, so he developed the ashame I.
A CP/M-based unit the computer weighs only 23 pou nds and
is small enough to fit under an airline seat. For truly portable
field use. it can't be beat. Not only does it have built-i n dua l
si ngle-density floppy disks-there is a double-densi ty
option avai lable for increased mass storage-but it also comes
with a powerful software package that includes wordstart
MaiiMerge . Supercalc, MBASIC. and CBAS/C-2.
Each si ngle-density floppy can hold l OOK. and there is a
5-i nch high-resolution CRT. That CRT is excellent for field
work. but for home or office use you might be better advised to
purchase the optional 9-inch green-phosphor monitor. The full
81-key keyboard has a 10-key keypad for quick numeric data
entry. The ashame also has an IEEE-488 port (popularized by
Hewlett-Packard and used by Commodore) for interfaci ng with
test equipment.
Perhaps the most important thing about this system is its
completeness. With it. a user really has little need of anything
else. save, perhaps. a printer. In fact. some observers have said
that what a buyer gets when he puts down his money is the
software- hardware is free .
Non Linear Systems
The $ 1795 Kaypro II is quite similar to the Osborne I. Its
manufacturer. Non Linear Sys tems. is noted for its test equ ip-
ment and is a newcomer to the computer field .
The key difference between this and the Osborne unit is the
size of the disp lay-9-inches is standard-and the mounting of
the disk drives (vertically. rather than horizontally).
Like the Osborne machine. the Kaypro II uses a Z80A mi-
croprocessor and is CP/M-ba cd. It has two single-sided.
doub le-density disk drives . and. like the Osborne. has a
serial port for peripherals .
Instead of using WordStar for word processing. Non Linea r
Systems has opted for Select. and also includes a spelling
checker. SuperSpeller. MBASIC is also among the software
supplied.
The success of the ashame 1indicates that a market exists for
such a system and the arrival of the Kaypro II shows that
manufacturers are filling the void . There are sure to be more
computers of this sort to come.
Upgrades
This sector of the price spectrum also contai ns various sys tem
upgrades. For instance, Radio Shack's TRS-80 Model 11/ is
avai lable for $1995 with one 5V4-inch disk drive and 48 K of
RAM.
Even the Explorer 85 is here, in its ncar -fully configured state
with the addi tion of a floppy disk for mass storage and with
CP/M. That sys tem prices out at $ 1530.
System expansion continues eve n in the CBM lineup with the
PET .J016N. By adding one disk drive to the 4016N-giving
l70K of on-line storage. the price is raised to $ 1690.
Adding 64K of memory to the C8M 80328 raises its price to
S1995, but that gives a total of 96Kof RAM. which is more than
HARDWARE
$1500.$2000
IN ITS NEARLY FULLY CONFIGURED FORM, the Netronlcs Explorer 85
Includes a f1oppy-di sk dr ive and CP/M.
adequate for j ust about any task that can be imagined.
And. speaking of Commodore. a new sys tem makes its
appear ance in this catego ry. too. the Superi'El' SP9000. priced
at $ 1995. Th is is an enhanced 8032 wit h a second processor. an
8-bit 6809. The Superi'El' SP9000 is a very capable unit with
96K of RAM. The languages its recognizes include Waterloo's
microBASI C. or mi;roApL. micr;Pascal. and microFOR-
TRA ; it ca n also be programmed in 6809 assembly language .
That gives this machi ne a great deal of computing power.
System expansion continues even with the Atari BOO home
computer. When this sys tem is fleshed out with a cassette
recorder . the modem-expansion uni t. and a printer. the cost rises
to $1552.
Even the Radio Shack TRS-80 Color Computer has an entry
in this price category for horne use. With 16K. one disk drive.
print er. and color receiver the price is almost S1900. RE
OTHER CCS PRODUCTS ARE AVAI LABLE.
CAL L FOR PRICE.
SOFTWARE
23- 01CP/M" MACRO ASSEMBLERON DISK. . 576 95
24-01CP/M"SYMBOLI CINSTRUCTIONDEBUGGER . . 564.25
25-01CP/M'"TEXTFORMATER 56425
2601CP/ M" BACKGROUND PRINTUTILITy 542.95
OCT. SPECIAL SALE
ON PREPAID ORDERS
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EXTEK X8-64 ADAPTER FOR PROGRAMING 2732. 2732A AND
2764. --
KIT. . .. . . . . . . . .. .. . . .. . . . .. . .. 8 95.00
WAMECO MEM 4 KIT LESS RAM , , .. 895.95
74 LS' SERI ES PRI ME PARTS
VISAor MASTERCHARG( Send account number. Interbank number, exouatron date
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will be sent post paidIn U,S If youare not a regUlar customer. please use charge
cashier'scheckor postal moneyorder Dtnerwrse thereWill be a two-week delay for
checks to clear. Calif. residents add 65% tax. Money back 3D-day eca-amee We
cannotaccept returnedICsthat have beensoldered 10 Pncessubject tochangewrtroot
renee StD..1, llIn l ,rf. S2.00 uNin , b r, . .. . rrs Ins I ~ I I $l 0.00.
EA 5 FOR EA 5 FOR EA 5 FOR
LSOO 25 , 23
LS' 3 2 75 3 56 lS197 85 404
LS02 25 , 23
LS'36 50 2 38 LS22 ' 1 15 5 46
LS0 4 25 , 23
LS' 38 7S 3 56 LS240 1 80 B 55
LS05 25 1.23 LS'39 75 3 56 LS24 3 1 75 831
LS08 3 S ' .66 LS1 45 , 20 5 70 LS244 1 75 831
LS10 25 123 LS14 7 2 49 LS2 45 2 15
LS13 45 2 i 4 LS148 1 35 LS251 ' 00 475
LS14 99 450 LS'51 75 3 56 LS2 57 85 404
LS20 25 123 LS '53 75 3 56 LS258 85 404
LS26 35 1.66 LS' 55 .90 428 LS260 65
LS27 35 1 66 LS156 90 4 28 LS266 46 2 19
LS30 25 ' 23 LS1 57 75 3 56 LS279 50 238
LS32 3 5 ' .66 LS158 75 3 56 LS290 80 380
LS37 55 2 50 LS 160 90 4 28 LS293 80 380
LS38 35 ' 66 LS' 61 95 4 5' LS295 1 0 5 499
LS42 55 2.S0 LS' 62 95 4 5 1 . I- S367 70 333
LS74 4 5 2.14 LS'63 95 4.5 1 LS36 8 70 3 33
LS7 5 50 238 LS164 95 4 5 1 LS3 73 '85 8.79
LS85 1. 15 5 46 LS166 1 75 83' LS374 1 80 855
LS86 40 , 90 LS1 73 80 380 LS3 77 , 45 689
LS90 60 285 LS174 95 4,51 LS3 78 1 18 5 6 1
LS92 60 285 LS 175 95 4 5 1 LS620 225
LS93 60 285 LS 190 LOO 4 75 LS626 2 25
LS122 4 5 2 14 LS19 ' 1 00 4 75 LS6 29 1 44
LS123 95 450 LS192 85 4 04 LS682 3 20
LS125 90 4 28 LS' 93 95 4 5 1 LS683 230
LS'26 75 3 56 LS'96 85 4 04 LS6 8 B 2 40
OUANTITY OF 5 FOR MUST BE OF THE SAME DEVICE. THEY
MAY NOT BE MI XEO AN ADDITIONAL 50, OFF PURCHASES
OVER S50 ON LS PARTS ON PREPAID ORDERS BY CHECK OR
MONEY ORDER ONLY.
53999 5
s 36.95
$199.95
533995
$189.95
542595
54200
526995
s 36.95
5199 95
53295
523495
s 36.95
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MOND AYFRIDAY, 8 00 TO 1200. 100 TO 5 30
THURSDAYS, 8.00 TO g,OOP M
(415) 7289121
P.O. BOX 955 EL GRANADA, CA 94018
PLEASE5END FOR IC, XISTORANDCOMPUTERPARTS LIST
OTHER SSM PRODUCTS ARE AVAILABLE.
CALL FOR PRI CES.
- - ~
::111 MICROCOMPUTER PRODUCTS
S100 PRODUCTS
CBIA8080 PROCESSORPCBD
KIT . . . 515595. A & T
CB-2 280 PROCESSOR BOARD
KIT .. . 51989 5, A & T
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KIT 5140.95. A & T
MBl0 16K STATIC RAM
KIT . 5299 95. A & T
APPLE PRODUCTS
A4B8 IEEE 488 INTERFACE
AID - II SERIAUPARALLEL INTERFACE.
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ASIOSERIAL 1/0
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A& T. .. ..
. $99.95
510695
5106.95
51059 5
$182.00
512595
5148.50
$105.00
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$325.00
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. $23.50
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. . .$279.50
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$500.00
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$281.25
5291.95
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APPLE PRODUCTS
7114A 12KROM/ PROM. . .
7424A CALENDAR/CLOCK.
7440A PROGRAMMABLE TIMER.
H70A A TOD CONVERTER .
7490A GPIB (IE488) INTERFACE .
7710A ASYNCSERIAL..
7712A 5YNC SERIAL. .
7720A PARALLEL5TANDARD .
77208 PARALLELCENTRONICS .
78118 ARITHMETIC PROCE550 RW/DISC
7811 CARITHMETI C PROCESSORWIROM.
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7300AAPPLE CLIP .
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2422A FLOPPY DISCWITH CP/ M 22""
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Check Withyour favori e compu er cen er or con oc Compuserve.
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Information Service Division 5000 Arlington Centre Blvd.
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An H&R Block Company
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HARDWARE 1 ' ~
, _ ~ I
$2000.$2500
You'll find both basic
systems and powerful
upgrades of lower-priced
systems in this price range.
Here's a look at what's
available.
TIl E PRI CE RANGE BET WEEN S20lXl AND S2500 IS POP Ul. AT ED BY
relatively few personal computers. And. most of those in this
spectrum are really upgrades of existing systems. As noted
earlier. it seems as if there arc fewcomputers in the middle price
ranges. Instead. home computers tend to populate the low and
high ends of the pricing spectrum.
So. what will a potential buyer find in this price range? The
buyer will find that the upgrades of the various systems will
consist of increased RAM memory and increased mass storage
via the addition of disk drives. Of course. there are some new
systems that make their first appearance in this range.
Intertec
The first new system to appear in this range is lntertec Data
System' s Superbrain Jr. It is another of the all-in-one types of
home computers. including not only the keyboard. but also the
CRT and disk drives in one terminal-like housing.
This computer systemis driven by dual Z80 CPU' s witha fast
clock rate of 4 MHz. This speed gives this system the ability to
access. digest and. return data quickly. The operating system is
the industry-standard CP/M 2.2 and the system language is
BASIC.
In this dual-processor-type of system. one Z80 performs data
processing while the other performs " housekeeping" chores
such as display functions. Since the first Z80 is relieved of the
housekeeping chores. the actual data processing is much faster.
The keyboard includes an 18-key keypad for numeric data
entry. Since this is an all-in-one machine. it also includes a
12-inch CRT that is capable of the standard 80 x 24 display.
This green phospher CRT has a 20-MHz bandwidth. The Super-
brain Jr . is capable of interfacing with peripheral equipment via
a pair of serial ports.
MicroSource
Another personal computer that makes its appearance in this
price category is the MicroSource M6000P. an entirely modular
unit.
Driven by an eight-bit Z80. the M6000P is another of the truly
portable ali-in-one computers appearing on the market. Like
both the Osborne I and the Kaypro /I. this portable runs the
CP/M operating system. This is one of the later versions of
CP/M. version 2.2.
When fully configured. this system consists of dual Sif4-i nch
drives. a built-in nine-inch CRT display. and a full 83-key
keyboard that includes not only a 10-key numeric keypad for
rapid data entry. but also features four user-definable keys and
12 special function keys.
Of course. the fully configured system is much more ex-
pensive than the model that fits into this area of the price
spectrum. The model that is described here docs not include the
floppy disk drives and is priced at $2195. What sets it apart from
both the Osborne I and the Kayp ro /I is the fact that both
lower-priced systems come equipped with powerful software
packages. along with the operating system. while MicroSource
lists only the operating system.
Apple
S.ome of the other systems in this section are upgrades of
baSICsystems. For example. in this vcrison, the Apple /I Plus
has had its capabilities extended in both RAM. mass storage.
and its CRT. The $2495 price tag adds 32Kof RAM-needed so
the DOS 3.2 will run. This extra RAM also supports a far more
powerful range of applications. In this configuration. the user
can run such higher-level languages as Pascal. FORTRAN and
Pilot.
For mass storage. no longer does a user have to rely on a
cassette tape recorder. Instead. he gains a single double-density
5
1
/4-inch floppy disk for data storage. quite a step forward in
systemspeed and data access. Inthis configuration. too. the user
gains a l2-inch green CRT display.
As you can sec. this is a far cry from the basic keyboard
computer and its cassette-type mass storage.
Radio Shack
The same is true of Radio Shack' s TRS-80 Mode/III . In its
$2495 configuration. the user gains access to dual 5
1
/4-inch
floppy disk drives for much greater data storage. The double-
density drive. allow for storing as much as 360Kof data. quite
an improvement over a cassette-based system.
In this version. too. the user gains 32K of built-in RAM
memory. Now 48K. this expansion allows the user to interface
not only the disk operating system TRSDOS. but also the
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81
processing and information-handling chores. And. as you can
sec. the system has started to become much more powerful, as
have the others so far de cribed.
At this level, too, the PC-Baal buyer will gain access to uch
high-level languages as COBOL. FORTRAN. Pascal and BAS-
IC. In this 32K configuration. this personal computer is able to
handle far more complex tasks. much more quickly than the less
expensive version.
Sony
Sony's SMC-70 is another example of a system that has
gained a grea t dea l of power with the addi tion of relatively little
money.
What does the buyer gain for his $2 125? The answer to this
one is more RAM and grea ter mass storage. However. it's mass
higher-power di sk BASIC.
With this system a user can handle such tasks as word
processing and . ome business information handling. All that is
rnis ing from this picture to make this a fully configured system
is a printer and pcrhap - a communication interface such as a
modem. The car-ability for communications is built in through
the RS-23QC serial 110 port .
NEe
For$2375. a C-800/buyergains much more capability. The
extra money btings 321< of R A ~ . enough to handle the CP/M
operating system. and 286K of mass storage. It also brings a
12-inch green monitor with a standard 80 x 25-line display
format.
THEAPPLE /I PLUS from Apple Is shown here with it 's accessory Monitor
With this type of system a user should be able to handle word 11/ and two disk drives.
----
TABLE 5-52000-52500
Manufacturer Model Price CPU Language(s)
Apple Computer Apple II $2495 6502 BASIC, Pilot
20525 Mariani Ave. Pascal, FORTRAN
Cupertino, CA 95014
Machines 8032B
487 Devon Pk. Rd.
Wa ne, PA 19087
Hewlett-Packard HP-85 $2495 Z80 8 bits proprietary BASIC
1000 N.E. Circle Dr.
Corvallis, OR 97330
Imsai Camp. Div. , Imsai $2490 8085 8 bits IMOOS, CP CBASIC, other
Fischer-Freitas Corp. PCS-42 CPIM compatible
910 81st Ave.
Oakland, CA 94621
Intertec Data Superbrain $2494 Z80 8 bits CPIM BASIC, other
Systems Jr. CPIM compatible
2300 Broad River Road
Columbuia, SC 29210
OSI- MIA COM OSI $2050 Z80 8 bits OS-650 BASIC
7 Oak Pk. C4P-MF-24K
Bedford. MA 01730
Micro Source M6000P $2195 Z80 8 bits proprietary BASIC
595 N. Clayton Rd.
New Lebanon OH 45345
NEC Home Elec. NEC $2379 uPO 780 c-l 8 bits proprietary BASIC
1401 W. Estes Ave. PC8001 (Z80-like)
Oak Grove. IL 60007
Radio Shack TRS80 $2495 Z80 8 bits TRSOOS, NEWOOS, BASIC, other CP/M-
en
One Tandy Center Model III CPIM compatible
o
Z Fort Worth, TX 76102
0
Radio Shack TRS-80 $2500 6809 8 bits BASIC
a:
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Color Computer
o
w Sony SCM-70 $2125 Z80A 8 bits CPIM BASIC,
-l
ui 7 Mercedes Dr. Pascal, other
a Montvale, NJ CPIM compatible
0 Texas Instruments TI-99/4A $2324 TMS9900 16 proprietary BASIC,
a:
PO Box 22501 bits editor/assembler
82
storage with a twist. a we 'hall ee.
In this configuration. the Sony SMC-70 ha 2K of built-in
RAM. This should be more than enough to handle any system-
related tasks and it gives the user access to the higher-level
Pascal programming language. The user already has access tq
BASIC. In this configuration. too. the user gain ' 280K of: rna s
storage on a single double-sided double-density micro-s-yes
that's micro-floppy disk drive.
Rather than relying on the indu try standard Sv..-inch disk
Sony has opted for its own 3Y2-inchmicro di ks. In truth, they
have as much mass storage capability as larger isk . but a user
is locked into the Sony system for his disks. which can DC
somewhat of a drawback. On the plus side. though. if tHis
systembecomes widely accepted in the-personalcomputer mar-
ket. then it is likely there will soon be micro di k from many
aftermarket sources. In fact. with the amount of space they save.
it is po sible the rest of the industry could move-in thi direction.
But. who knows what the future will bring?
HARDWARE
$2000.$2500
MIA COM OSI
Even MIA COM OSl's system continues building in this
building block manner. Its C4P-MF-24K system builds on the
C4P computer and adds some very functional features. For
starters. there's more built-in RAM. with 24K. Thi should give
the user enough RAM to support the OS-650 operating y tern.
This system includes color video output. AC control interfaces:
01A converter. and music output.
At this level. the buyer will also gain a minifloppy
disk, which provides greater mass storage. It will also speed
system time because of quicker data acce s. This system also
includes a security interface and a 16-line I/O port.
Imsai
Irnsai also has an entry in this price category. and. to be
honest. for the person looking for a good micro-mainframe
computer any of the Imsai products is a good choice: in this
p.rice segment. there's lmsai's PC-42 . It handles system cxpan-
sion to the tunc of 10 slots on the motherboard. and. in the
correct configuration. it should be able to handle multiusers.
This computer is driven by an 8085 CPU with a clock speed of
3 MHz. It also features dual 5v.. -inch minifloppies that have
multi-format recognition capabilities. A Z80 board is also Ii ted
among the option for this microcomputer.
The beauty of this .vstcm is its abilitv to address different
disk densities. This should give the user the ability to
install higher-density disks. It features both serial and parallel
ports for interfacing.
Interestingly. is a dual operating system machine. It will
recogn.ize the company' proprietary (MOOS operating system
or the industry standard CP/M. The BASIC it uses is CBASIC.
which is a compiler version and allows for f1exibilit in trine or
32K15 '/4-inch
floppy disk
64K1cartridge
32K1dual 5
'
f4-inch
floppy disks
64K15V4-inch double
density floppy disk
24K15%-inch
floppy disk
64K
32K1dual 5
'
f4-inch
floppy disks
48Kdual5V4-lnch
floppy disks
32K/5'/4-inch
floppy disks
32K13'!2-inch
micro-
floppy disks
40Klcassette
Ke board
standard
standard,
numeric keypad
94 keys, 14
programmable
NIA
80 keys, 18-key
keypad
standard
standard
84 keys
65 keys,
12-key keypad
53 button-type
keys
72 keys, 5
programmable
standard
1/0 Dis la Comments
40 x 24 12 inch
green CRT
IEEE-488 80 x 25 12-inch
integral
display
IEEE-488 32 x 16 text, integral 5-inch
192 x 256 graphics display &
rinter
serial NIA micro-
parallel NIA mainframe
serial 80 x 25 12-inch
green integral
display
serial, color-video
16-1/0 output
lines
80 :x: 2
serial 80 x 25 12-inch
parallel green CRT
parallel 64 (32) x 16 integral
serial 12-inch
display
serial 8 colors, printer
192 x 256 0
serial 80 x 24 text,
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parallel up to 640 x 400 graphics
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serial 32 x 24 text, printer,
:IJ
192 x 256 graphics 10-inch color monitor

10
CD
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83
A POWERFUL COMPUTER IN ITS BASIC FORM, the power of an Hp85
from Hewlett Packard can be increased with the addition of a printer and
ploller.
tile-handling. Since it is also a compi ler language. it also tends
to have a faster run time.
At S2490. this system packs a lot of potent ial and it makes
sense for the potential buyer looking for a micromainframe-t ype
computer with its associated versatility in conf iguration and
expansion. Since this system is contai ned in a sys tem box, the
user has the flexibility of obtaining his own periphera ls.
Commodore Business Machines
With the addition of a single minifloppy disk drive to CBM's
all-in -one 80328. the price of this system rises to S2190. This
gives the user of this system access to more mass storage-
170K. The minifloppy disk dri ve also increases the system
speed bcacausc of faster data access.
Texas Instruments
Texas Instruments is another computer manufacturer whose
upgraded personal computer falls into this category. At S2324. a
user can have a pretty complete system, with thc exception of
disk drives. Mass storage is still cassette-based. and the system
still has only 16K of RAM, but a printer and IO-inch color
monitor has been added .
Radio Shack
Even the Radio Shack TRS-80 Color CO/llPUI'/" i upgraded to
a complete, powerful system in this price category. For S2500.
its RAM memory is increased to 32K and this provides the user
with access to the much more powerful Extended Co lor BAS IC
language, wi th its powerful data-handling ca pabilities .
Th is sys tem also has more than 300 Kof mass storage on dual .
single-sided. double-density 5 Y.-inch minifloppy disk drives . It
also includes a dot matrix line printer. Thus. it is a full -featured
sys tem with considerable graphics power.
Hewlett-Packard
The S2495 HP-85 is a powerful computcr . ystcm right out of
the box . A slim-line, all-in-one computer, it combines powerful
graphics capability with cxpandability into a trim package.
Like many ot her personal computers on the market. the HP-
85 uses a Z80 processor. It features a built-in CRT.
The 94-kcy keyboard of this portable perso nal computer
con tai ns a numeric keypad for rapid data entry and con tai ns a
built-i n thermal printer for hard-copy output. R-E
1380 E. Edinger. Santa Ana, Calif. 92705.714/558-3972 TWX 910-595-1565
300 Ohm to 75 Ohm Adapter
750 Ohm to 300 Ohm Adapter
60 Feet Coax Cabl e with Connecto rs
3 Feet Coax Cable with Connec tors
BROAD BAND MICROWAVE
RECEIVER SYSTEM
1.8GHZ to 2.4 GHZ I
any
$295.00
"HAVE YOU KISSED YOUR COMPUTER LATELY"
Components Express, Inc.
1. CONTRAST
2. POWERBRIGHT
3, VHOLD
4, HHOLD
VIDEO . OO
12"BTOck &White
MONITOR
$89
50
byAMDEK
VISION-8080x24 Video
SUPER
au
'{\
16K RAMEXPANSION CARD i,i ..,j Display Card *269
For Your APPLEa> Vista Computer Company's new Vision-80 board is a
LANGUAGE TRANSPARENT sophist icated yet easy to use video display card for
ALL NINE R MS INSTALLED! the Apple' computer
S7999ERMS OF SALE: Cash, checks, credit cards, Cali f . residen ts add 6% sales tax .
Fourth Dimension Systems
FLOPPYDISKDRIVE
FOR COMP.
he unit features a track
zero micro-switch and
read/write electronics
DOS 3.2.1., DOS3.3,
PASCALor CP/M.
$34995
DISKE ES
51/4" BULK"OEM"PACK
FOR YOUR
APPLE S149.....IIIIIIiIiIiI....
Box of 100
...iiIiiI...__..
en
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$150010$3000
HARDWARE
$2500$3000
A 16/B-bit system and a fully
configured handheld
computer are just some of
the things that you'll find in
this price range.
MARC STERN
IN THE PERSONAL COMPUTER MARKETPLACE, THERE'S AN IN-
teresting phenomenon taking place. Slowly, but surely. 16-bit
CPU's are beginning to make their presence felt in more and
more systems. It ' s not that the eight-bit CPU is going to become
obsolete overnight. it's just that 16-bit machines offer more
powerful system architecture and faster system operating time.
Eight-bit machines will likely be around for many years to
come because they offer a wide range of capability. However.
the 16-bit machines offer far more flexibility and power and they
are likely to become the dominant machines of the future .
We've already seen how there are now 16-bit CPU's already
being used in the lower price-range personal computers. Both
IBM and Olivetti use 16-bit CPU's and other systems make use
of them as peripheral processors (MTU-130. but we'll get to
that). And, in the $2500 to $3000 price range. the 16-bit compu-
ter from Commodore Business Machines makes its appearance.
Commodore Business Machines
The BX256 from CBM is part of their enhanced" B" series
personal computer line. In reality, this computer is aimed at the
business segment of the microcomputer market.
Like another entry in the personal computer market from
Digital Equipment Corp. (we'll get to it a little later in our
survey), the BX256 is a dual-processor personal computer. This
might lead one to believe that it contains a pair of Z80A's or
8080's. but this isn't the case. Instead. it contains a 16-bit 8088
and an eight-bit 6509.
Although Commodore provide very little information about
how the computer functions internally, we would assume that
the dual-processors function something like this: When one
processor is tied up, the other processor will handle system
"house keeping" functions. keyboard 110 and display func-
tions. Conversely, when the second CPU is processing, the first
must act in a like manner.
Thus. the user gains the full speed and power of both CPU's
independently. For instance, this system will recognize CP/M-
86, the 16-bit version of the standard CP/M. It will also run the
standard 8-bit version of CP/M. The software activates the
correct CPU.
Thus. 16-bit oftware will run on the 16-bit processor. while
the eight -bit processor handles the" house keepi ng" chores. and
8-bit software will run on the eight-bit CPU while the 16-bit
CPU handles the chores.
Rather than having to work through a master eight-bit CPU,
which addresses a peripheral 16-bit processor. the programming
accesses either one directly and the user gains all the power and
speed built into the system. It's a good feature for the buyer
interested in upgrading to 16-bit power while retaining the
investment in eight-bit software.
The BX256 is a potent system in its own right. It comes with
256K of standard RAM. which is quite a bit of memory in a
$2995 machine . This means this system has more than enough
internal memory to handle whatever tasks a user or system may
ask of it. It will easily work with either the standard version of
CPIM or CP/M-86.
Like other ali-in-one CBM personal computers. this one
comes with a standard 12-inch green phosphor CRT with an
80-column x 25-line display. It also features dual built-in quad
density (double-sided, double-density) minifloppy
disk drive .)
The 94-key keyboard can be detached from the system unit
and can be lap-held. a convenience that allows the user to find
the most comfortable work position. This keyboard includes a
separate keypad for numeric data entry and it has 10 user-
programmable keys. another good feature . Interestingly, this
keyboard also has a double-zero key and while CBM doesn't
explain its function clearly. it is likey this key has to do with the
display's memory and graphics capability.
o
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85
TABLE 6-$2500-$3000 Disk
Word Operating
Atarl Home Atari $2685 6502B 8 bits proprietary BASIC
Computers 800
1265 Borregas Ave.
Sunnyvale, CA 94086
Billings Billings $2995 Z80 8 bits proprietary BASIC
Computer Corp. 100
18600 East 37th
Independence,
MO 64057
Machines 4032
487 Devon Park Dr.
Wayne, PA 19087
Commodore Business BX256 $2995 8088/6509 8/16 proprietary, BASIC, Pascal,
Machines bits CPIM other CPIM
compatible
Machines 8032B
Heath Co. H11A $2595 KD-llHA 16 HT-DOS FORTRAN, BASIC
Benton Harbor,
MI49022
Heath Co. H-89 $2520 Z80 8 HDOS, BASIC, FORTRAN,
(kit) bits CPIM (optional) UCSD p-Pascal ,
r Heath Co.
other CP/M compatible
H-89 $2790 Z80 8 HDOS, BASIC, FORTRAN,
(kit) bits CPIM (optional) UCSD p-Pascal,
other CPIM compatible
- Hewlett Packard HP-87 $2750 Z80 8 bits proprietary,
1820 Embarcadero Rd. CPIM
Alto, CA 94303
IBM Information PC $2665 8088 16 PCDOS, BASIC,
Systems bits (optional) UCSD Pascal IV,
Baco Raton, FL 33432 COBOL
Imsai Corp., Div., PCS-42 $2640 8085 8 bits IMDOS, CBASIC,
Fischer- CPIM other CPIM
Freitas Corp. compatible
Oakland, CA 94521
Intertec Data Superbrain $2995 Z80 8 bits CPIM BASIC, other
Systems QD CPIM compatible
2300 Broad River Rd.
Columbia, SC 29210
Micro Technology MTU $2999 6502 8 bits CODOS BASIC, UCSD
Box 12106 130-10 Pascal
Raleigh, NC 27605
NEC Home Elec. PC8001 $2849 uPD780 c-t 8 bits proprietary BASIC
1401 W. Estes Ave. (Z80-like)
I Oak Grove. IL 60007
-
Olivetti M-20 $2965 Z8001 16 PCOS BASIC
155 White Plains Rd. bits
Tarrytown, NY 10591
Panasonlc RL-1000 $2879 8 bits N/A BASIC
1 Panasonic Way
Secaucus. NJ 07094
- Panasonic RL-1400 $2979 8 bits N/A BASiC
Radio Shack TRS-80 $2557 Z80 8 bits TRSDOS COBOL,
One Tandy Center Model III BASIC, FORTRAN
Fort Worth, TX 76102
Radio Shack TRS80 $2932 Z80 8 bits TRSDOS BASIC, COBOL,
Model III FORTRAN
Sony SMC-70 $2950 Z80A 8 bits CP/M BASIC, Pascal,
7 Mercedes Dr. other CP/M
Montvale, NJ 07645 compatible
Sony SMC-70 . $2500 Z80A 8 bits CP/M BASIC, PascaT,
other CPIM
en
. ' ,
,
compatible
o Texas Instruments TI-99/4A $2824 TMS9900 16 proprietary BASIC,
Z PO Box 225012 bits editorlassembler
0
Dallas, TX 75265
a:
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.
BASIC, FORTRAN,
o
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Glenview IL 60025
< .'
".other CPIM compatible w "
6
Zenith Z-90 $2895 Z80 8 HDOS, BASIC, FORTRAN,
a bits CP/M UCSD p-Pascal ,
other CP/M c0mpatible

a:
86
.
,"
,.. \<,. ,',<n '.h. /.
Expansion Keyboard 1/0 Display Comments
61 keys. serial. 40 x 24 text printer.
4 special parallel 320 x 192 graphics color output
function to TV set
64K/dual 5'14-inch 94 keys. 80 x 24
floppy.disks 16 special-
function
standard IEEE-488 40 x 24
128K/duaI5
'
f4-inch 94 keys, 10 IEEE-488. 80 x 25
floppy disks programmabl e serial
standard. IEEE-488 80 x 24
numeric ke ad
serial
48k!dual 5'1.-inch 84 keys, serial 80 x 24 text, integral
floppy disks 12 special-function 33 graphics monitor
characters
64K!dual 5'14-inch 84 keys, serial 80 x 24 text , integral
characters
64K/dual 5'f4-inch standard serial. 80 x 24 text
floppy disks 544 x 240 graphics
64KJ5'f4-inch 83 keys. serial, 80 x 24 11'1, -inch
floppy disk 10-key keypad, parallel green
10 special- CRT
function keys
Idual 5'1.-inch N/A serial. N/A micro-
floppy disks parallel mainframe
64K/dual 5
'
f4-inch 80 keys, serial 80 x 25 12-inch
floppy disks 18-key keypad B&W monitor
96 keys, serial . 80 x 24 text, Light pen
8 programmable parallel 480 x 256 graphics
64K/dual 5'14-inch 84 keys serial. 80 x 25 text 12-inch
floppy disks . parallel B&W
monitor
1?8K In
.,
72 keys serial, 80 x 25 text. 12-inch
flopp dl k parallel 512 x 256 graphics B&W
monitor
36K/cassette 65 keys serial video package modem.
10 adaptor.
system case
36K/cassette 65 keys
c;e"ICl rlode"l.
o ada or
e
ln
case
16K/cassette 65 keys. serial, 64 (32) x 16 text, printer.
12-key keypad paralle 64 graphics graphics plotter
characters
65 keys. serial. 64 (32) x 16 text.
r
er
12-key keypad parallel 64 graphics
characters
72 keys, 5 serial. 80 x 24 text,
programmable parallel 640 x 230 graphics
72 keys, 5 serial, 80 x 24 text.
programmable parallel 640 x 230 graphics
48Kl5'I4-inch standard serial 32 x 24 text. high level
floppy disk 192 x 256 graphics graphics option
0
48K/5'.4-inch 84 keys, serial 84 x 24 text. integral
o
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floppy disks 12 special-function 33 graphics monitor 0
characters
CD
64K/5
1
f 4-inch 84 keys. serial 80 x 24 text, integral
, g)
~
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characters
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88
ADDINGA DISKDRIVEto the Intertec Superbraln QDgreatly increases its
storage capability.
While this machine is aimed at the serious business user. it
still retains sound synthesis capabilities. It is capable of three-
part harmony over nine octaves. something you won't find in
many business computers.
On the whole, this is a powerful machine in its own right, but
its capabilities can be further expanded with the addition of a
hard disk and printer. However. this raises the system's price
considerably.
There are other CBM entries in this price class. too. For
instance. by adding dual floppy-di k drives to the PET 4032N
and increasing the mass storage capacity to a total of 340K on
single-sided double-density disks. the cost of this system rises to
$2590. And. by adding 64K of RAM memory to the CBM
80328. along with a single disk drive with its l70K of mass
storage, then the price will rise to $2.690.
Panasonic
Believe it of not. even a fully-configured handheld system's
price can reach this region. Look at the Panasonic H1000 and
H1400. When this system is fully configured with a video
interface. 36K of RAM (which must be daisy-chained), an 110
adapter for peripherals and an attache case into which this
system fits. the price rises to $2979 for the H1400 and $2879 for
the HIOOO.
Fully equipped the whole system is known as The Link and it
makes a handheld microcomputer into a full-featured portable
terminal. The features and peripherals added should make this
system very attractive for the business traveler. especially one
who must communicate with a mainframe or electronic mail
system.
NEe
In this price range. we also find many systems beginning to
take on a great deal of computing power. For example. the
$2849 NEC PC-BOOI now has 64K of RAM and it gains its true
potential as a system. In this configuration. this system can run
CP/M. as well as the high-level Pascal language. The other
languages that can also run on this machine include FORTRAN.
as well as COBOL, NBASIC (also the system language) and
CBASIC, the faster compiled BAS IC.
In this configuration, the system has also gained dual Svi-inch
minifloppy disk drives that provide up to 280K of mass storage.
Its potential for further expansion is increased with the addition
of an expansion interface box that offers card slots and the
potential to increase the system's RAM to 128K. This is a
modular system and in this configuration. NEe's l2-inch green
phospher monitor has been added. It features the industry-
standard 80 x 25 display. In reality. in most systems the 25th
line of the display is reserved for status use. so it is really a
24-line display for text. Please refer to the previous discussion of
the basic system.
Intertec
Another system upgraded is available from Intertec Data
Systems. It is the $2995 Superbrain QD and it is a step up from
the Superbrain Jr . The essential difference in this all-in-one
computer is the amount of mass storage. Where the Superbrain
Jr. offers mass storage of 350K on one quad-density minifloppy
disk drive . the Superbrain QD offers 750K. This additional
mass storage greatly increases the capability of this dual-
processor system.
Unlike a l6-bit/8-bit dual processor unit. this one uses dual
eight-bit Z80's with a high clock speed of 4 MHz. This allows
for much more rapid data access and use. Since it is a dual-
processor system. the speed is enhanced because one processor
handles the data processing, while the other handles the' 'house-
keeping. "
The standard operating system of this and other Intertec
offerings is CPIM 2.2 . It also comes equipped with 12-inch
green CRT and keyboard.
Heath/Zenith
Another dual eight-bit microprocessor system is the H89 from
Heath . This is one of the few computers that are available in kit
form. This is also sold fully-assembled as the 289 by Zenith.
Please refer to the previous discussion for a full description of
this system.
The H89, in this configuration, has been upgraded by the
addition of dual 5V4-inch floppy disk drives with a mass storage
capacity of 200K . This $2525 all-in-one computer in kit form
comes with a standard 84-key keyboard and 12-inch black and
white CRT. The computer is driven by a pair of Z80 's with a
clock speed of 2.048 MHz. Its 48K of RAM is enough to work
with its HOOS operating system and CP/M. A user is also
capable of using BASIC. FORTRAN and UCSO-p-Pascal pro-
gramming languages .
This isn't the only HeathlZenith entry in this price category.
An upgrade H89 kit is available . In this $2790 configuration the
standard amount of RAM is increased to 64K.
The HS9FROMHEATH is one of the few computers available in kit form. It
is also available fUlly assembled as the ZSg from Zenith.
IBM
IBM's Personal Computer also gains a great deal of power in
this price range . The basic system was described previously. so
here we will concentrate on what has been added.
Specifically, this system gain s about 320K of mass storage
through the addition of one double-sided. double-density disk
drive . Its RAM has also been increased from 16K to 64K. which
allows this system to work with the high level BASIC compiler.
UCSD-p-Pascal and COBOL. Its price is now $2665 .
The other addition to this system has been the 11V2-inch green
CRT that has the standard 80 x 25 display.
Sony
Sony's SMC-70 upgrades twice in this price range . In its first
upgrade, which increases the pri ce to $2500. the amount of
RAM has grown to 64K, while one 3lf2-inch micro floppy disk
drive has been added, Th is gives this system 280 K of mass
storage. Another enhancement to this system is the addition of a
12-inch green CRT. Please refer to the previous di scussion for a
full desc ription of the basic sys tem.
The seco nd SMC-70 upgr ade consists of addi ng a seco nd
microflopp y dri ve for a total of 560K of mass storage . Th is gives
thi s system far more power and makes it a better buy for the
$2950 price tag.
Olivetti
Still a further sys tem upgrad e in this price category comes
from Oli vetti , whose S2965 M-20 gains 320K of mass storage
with the addi tion of one doubl e-sided doubl e-densit y disk dri ve.
Also added to thi s sys tem is the standard black-and-white CRT.
This system, thank s to its 16-bit processor, has quite a bit
goi ng for it and, as you ca n see, its potenti al power is now
capable of bein g used.
Micro Technology
The same can be said for Micro Technology' s MTU-130. In
its $2999 config uration. thi s sys tem gains I megab yte of mass
storage through the addition of one quad-density eig ht-inch
floppy disk dri ve. When thi s is combined with the sys tem's
standard 80K of RAM. one can see the power built into this
system.
Atari
Even some of the lower-priced home computers have sys tem
upgrades that bring their price into this category. For instance.
when you add two di sk drives for mass storage to the Atar i 800
system. plus a dot matri x print er , the system's price eas ily rises
to $268 5. It is also quit e a powerful sys tem in thi s advanced
version.
The Atari 400 sys tem can also be configured into a level that
brings its pri ces int o thi s spectrum. When thi s sys tem is
equipped with dual. 5lf4-inch minifloppy disks, modem and
communications soft ware , and a printer, the system cos t rises to
$2572.
Radio Shack
Radio Shack also has an entry in thi s category. It is an
expansion of its 16K TRS-80 Model Ill , but it still relies upon a
cassette recorder for mass storage. Th e addi tions to th is
system-aimed at engineers--consist of a graphics plott er and a
print er and its price increases to $2557 .
Another expansion of the TRS-80 Model III result s in what
Radio Shack calls their "Complete World Processing System. "
This time. the RAM memor y is increas ed to 48 K and the
expansion includes a a dot -matr ix line print er , a disk dr ive and
word processing program. At $2932 it is quite a package.
Texas Instruments
The same is true of the Texas Instru ment s Tl -99/4A. When
you expand its RAM to 32K and add a dri ve, video controlle r
and a 10-inch monitor (a pretty complete sys tem for both home
and business use), then you fi nd the price rising to $2824.
Billings
Here ' a newcomer to this price range . Althoug h the Billings
Computer Co . has been se lling compu ters to bus inesses for the
last five years, this is thei r first ent ry into the lower-pri ced
microcomputer market.
Although this company makes several microcomputer-based
systems . their 100 Series, priced at $2995. is their entry- level
machine .
Based on an eight-bit Z80 CPU, this sys tem features a high-
contrast green CRT screen and a detachable keyboard with 16
HARDWARE
$2500.$3000
function keys, a numeric keypad and eight cursor control keys .
It also sports a sta ndard typewriter keyboard for a tot al of 94
keys.
Mass storage is via dual. single-sided, si ngle-de nsity 51f 4-inch
minifl oppy disk drives which provi des about l OOKof storage for
a user.
Imsai
Mi croma i n f r a me - t ype systems s till abo und in th e
microcomputer world and in this price range we find two. one
from Imsai . the second from Heath.
Imsai' s PCS-42 micromai nfra me-type of computer benefits
from the addition of 32K of RAM in this $2640 configuration.
This gives this system the potential of taking full adva ntage of
either the IMDOS operating system or CP/M 2.2 . Mass storage
is provided by dual 5lf4-inch single density disks . Wit h these
dri ves, lOOK of mass storage is provided.
Heath
A very powerful system is the Heath H-1I A kit. It is powered
by a cus tom- made KD- ll HA CPU. Equivale nt to a 16-bit
system. it is capable of acting as a mainframe for several
terminals.
The CPU itself recog nizes the DEC PDP 11/34 instruction set
and HT-DOS. Thus you can sec the potential power built into the
machine. It is capable of running FORTRAN. At $2595. the
buyer is gaining a great deal of pote ntial computer power for the
money.
In its standard configuration, this microcomputer is capable
of addressi ng 64K of memory. which includes 56K of RAM and
8K of system ROM. It is capable of further expansion thanks to
the eight expansio n slots on the S- I00 mot herboard. It packs a
great wallop for the money.
Hewlett-Packard
The $2750 Hewlett -Packard HP-87 is an all-in-one compu-
ter. Thi s is a dual-processor system that is driven by an eight-bit
Z80 CPU and an eight-bit 80-series CPU. The user is able to take
advantage of the wide variety of software avai lable that runs
under these processor s. He is also able to take full advantage of
the power built-into the Z80 because of the dual nature of this
unit.
The basic system consists of a 94-key keyboard that is con-
tained in a slim-line terminal-type housi ng wit h 64K of RAM
that is avaiable to the Z80 and 48 K that is available to the
80-serie CPU. Thi s ystem. via its high-resolution built-in
CRT, also has high- leve l graphics capability.
The system language is BASIC and it will run under either
CP/ M or H-P' s own disk operating ystem.
Another $27 50 system is Hewlett -Packard' s HP-125. Also
driven by an eight-bit Z80. this system has 64K of RAM stan-
dard . This is more than enough RAM memory and when in-
ter faced with dual minifloppy disks. this system provides 500 K
of mass storage . R-E
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$3000to$3500
/
,r. :HARDWARE
$3000.$3500
There's quite a bit
to choose from
in this price range.
Among what you 'll find are
both basic systems and
upgraded versions of
less expensive machines.
MARC STERN
WilEN YOU LOOK AT WIlAT'S AVAILABLE FOR BETWEEN 3000
and $3500. one thing immediately hits you-the number of
ystems on the market. Those are split just about 50-50 between
upgrades of lower priced systems and sophisticated machines
that were intended to sell for that price in their basic form.
Among the ones in the later catagory are computers from giants
Xerox and Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC).
Another thing that is apparent is that l6-bitmachines are still
not that common. True, there are a few. such as the one put out
by DEC. but most are still 8-bit machines .
Xerox
Let's begin by looking at the Xerox 82011. The microp-
rocessor used here is a Z80A. The microprocessor and the
12-inch, black-and-white monitor are housed in a single case:
that monitor can display up to 24 line 01'80 characters each. The
system also comes with a 96-key keyboard that includes a
10-key keypad for rapid numeric data entry. (That type of
keypad, included on so many keyboards. is a blessing. es-
pecia lly when a user is working with long arrays of numbers.
The absence or presence of such a keypad is something that
should be considered when comparing personal computers.)
As you would expect with a computer at this price level and
sophistication. it come with 64K of RAM standard and two
disk drive : those drives are capable of handling either
single- or double- ided , double-den. ity disks . The operating
system is an enhanced version of CP/M. Eight -inch drives could
also be u ed with the machine if desired. Two RS-232C serial
ports and two parallel ports arc provided for expansion .
Among the nice feature of this machine is its user friendli-
ness. For example. a menu-driven system is provided to help
users over the rough spots . If you've ever used something like
that, you know how much help it ca n be.
This computer. which sells for $3295. is an enhanced version
of their 820 . Among the improvements offered by the newer
system is a faster microprocessor. an enhanced CP/M. and better
use of memory space. The older version. which sells for $2995.
will still be available for a short time. Incidently. Xerox will
upgrade the older 820 to the 82011 for $400 .
DEC
Digita l Equipment Company (DEC). a giant in the mini- and
sma ll-mainframe-computer field. has entered the microcompu-
ter market with the introd uction of three new personal-computer
systems. One of those that falls within this price category is the
Rainbow 100; it sells for $3495, complete with its special
operating system (more on that later).
That all-in-one system consists of a 103-key keyboard. 12-
inch monochrome CRT monitor. and dual. double-density.
inch disk drives: those drives have a total storage capacity of
soox. It also includes 64K of RAM. The lightweight 103-key
keyboard is a separate unit and can be positioned for maximum
. user comfort. Some users have commented that they don't like
the feel of the keyboard. but that may be because it is fairly
sensitive and requ ires j ust a light touch.
What sets that unit apart. however. is that this is a 16/8-bit
dual microproce sor machine . It works much like other dua l
processor machines on the market-but with one major differ-
ence. As the machine u es both a Z80 (8-bit) and an 8088
(l6-bit). it will run programs written for either of those micro-
processor.
The idea of using dual microprocessors is not new. Formerly.
however. two 8-bitmicroprocessors would be used-one would
do the actual processing while the other handled the keyboard.
display. etc. That effectively speeded up system access and
function time because it eliminated the need for having a single
CPU handle all the tasks.
The same thing happe ns here too-one microprocessor hand-
les the processing while the other take care of the housekeeping.
The special CP/M-86/80 operating system determines whether a
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DEC'S RAINBOW 100 personal computer Is compact and can run either
S-bit or 16bit software.
program is in 8- or l S-bit-wordlength form and invokes the
appropriate microprocessor to run the program. with the other
acting as a controller and handling the housekeeping. Thus. a
user has access to the full capabilities of either a Z80 or 8088
microprocessor. One big advantage to this scheme is that the
user gai ns access to the latest 16-bit software without maki ng
obsolete his existing 8-bit CP/M software: that existing software
often represents a considerable investment and would be very
cost ly to repl ace. The Rainbow 100 can also run under Micro-
soft's MSIDOS, a 16-bit operating system.
Apple
Apple. one of the best known names in personal computers.
also has a system in this price catagory. That system. the Apple
III was deve loped to meet the needs of busi ness as well as for the
advanced' computer user. It sells for $3495
Like the Apple /I Plus. the Apple III is driven by an 8-bit 6502
microprocessor. The chief advantage of this system is its large
amount of built-in RAM. At 128K, it is among the leaders in
memory capac ity. If you wish. that RAM can be expanded to
256K.
The system comes with one built -in single-si ded. double-
density disk drive. If desired. up to three additiona l drives could
be daisy-chained for a total of 560K of storage. For massive
storage requirement s. a 5 megabyte hard disk is avai lable.
Unlike the Apple II' s 53-key keyboard. the integral 74key
keyboard here includes a numeric keypad. Such a keypad great-
ly speeds and simplifies the entry of long numbers.
TABLE 7-$3000-$3500
Disk
Word Operating
Apple Computer Apple III $3495 6502 8 bits SOS 1.1 BASIC, Pascal
20525 Mariani Ave.
Cupertino, CA
95105
Apple Computer Apple II $3020 6502 8 bits DOS 3.2 BASIC, Pilot,
Pascal, FORTRAN
Digital Equipment DEC 100 $3495 8088 8/16 CP/M-86, MS-DOS MBASIC, C
Corp. bits
Maynard, MA 01754
Heath Co. Z-90 $3345 Z80 8 bits MDOS, CP/M BASIC,
Benton Harbo, FORTRAN, COBOL,
MI49022 UCSD p-Pascal
Heath Co. Z-90-82 $3191 Z80 8 bits HDOS, CP/M BASIC,
FORTRAN, COBOL,
UCSD p-Pascal
MIA COM OSI OSI $3150 6502 8 bits OS-65D FORTRAN, BASIC,
7 Oak Pk. 220C Pascal
Bedford, MA 01730
MIA COM OSI OSI $3285 6502 8 bits OS-65D FORTRAN, BASIC,
Cl00 Pascal
Radio Shack TRS-80 $3472 Z80 8 bits TRSDOS, COBOL,
One Tandy Center Model CP/M (optional) BASIC, FORTRAN,
Fort Worth, TX III editor/assembler
76102
Sony Corp. SMC-70 $3470 Z80A 8 bits CP/M BASIC, Pascal
7 Mercedes Dr.
Montvale, NJ 07645
Sony Corp. SMC70 $3020 Z80A 8 bits CP/M BASIC, Pascal
TeleVldeo Systems TeleVideo $3295 Z80A 8 bits MmmmOST, CP/M BASIC, FORTRAN,
1170 Morse Ave. TS801 COBOL, Pascal, APL,
en
Sunnyvale, CA 94086 Algol, PU1, Forth
o
Z TeleVldeo Systems TeleVideo $3495 Z80A 8 bits MmmmOST, CP/M BASIC, FORTRAN,
0
TS802 COBOL, Pascal, APL,
a:
I- Algol, PU1. Forth
o
Xerox-Office 82011 $3295 Z80 8 bits CP/M MBASIC, CBASIC,
w
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Products Dlv. COBOL
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1341 W. Mockingbird
0
Lane,
4:
Dallas, TX 75247
a:
92
The high-resolution 12-inch green phosphor CRT is capable
of displaying up to 24 lines of 80 characters each. In the graphics
mode. the resolution is 280 x 192 pixels. which is good. The
system can also drive almost any black-and-white or color
monitor; 16-color graphics capability is standard.
One of the beauties of this-system is its expandability-eight
expansion slots are provided . Even when the RAM is expanded
to its full 256K. four slots remain for expansion. Apple man-
ufactures a full line of peripherals including printers. color
plotters. and modems.
For present owner of Apple II systems. the Apple Jll has an
emulation mode that will permit you to run your Apple II
software. That is a big plus for those who already own a large
inventory of Apple software-that software can be run on the
new machine .
Televldeo
Televideo has two systems in this price category. the TS80J
and the TS802 . Those are essentially the same system- the only
difference between them is that the TS80J. which sells for
$3295. has a seperate keyboard, monitor, and system box, while
the TS802, which sells for $3495. features an integrated unit
with a detachable keyboard . Since those two systems are so
much alike . let' s treat them as one in our description .
The heart of the system is a Z80 microprocessor . The unit
comes with 64K of RAM standard. For mass storage, two
double-sided. double-density. 5V ~ - i n c h disk drives are pro-
vided. With those dri ves. a total of I megabyte of storage is
HARDWARE
$3000$3500
available. That gives the buyer quite a bit for his money.
The CRT is a green-phosphor-type and is capable of display-
ing 25 lines of 80 characters each. The keyboard is a 97-key
typewritter-style unit. As it is housed in a seperate case in the
TS80J and detachable in the TS802. the keyboard can be easily
positioned for comfortable operation.
One interesting feature of this system is the addition of a 4K
EPROM. A user can format and program a specific routine or
routines into the EPROM; those can be changed whenever the
user wants because the EPROM is. of course. eraseable.
MemOry/Storage Expansion Keyboard I/O Display Comments
128K1SV.inch 74 keys, serial 80 x 24 text, up to 12-inch
floppy disk 13 key keypad 180 x 192 graphics green monitor
48K/dual SV. -inch 53 keys serial, 40 x text, 12-inch
floppy disks parallel 280 x 192 graphics green monitor
64K1dual 5V.-inch 103 keys serial 80 x 24 12-inch
floppy disks B&W monitor
64K1SY.-inch 84 keys, 3 serial, 80 x 24 12-inch
floppy disk 12 key keypad B&W CRT,
multi-mode
interface card
64K1SV.inch 84 keys, 3 serial, 80 x 24 12-inch B&W
floppy disk 12 key keypad
48K1dual SV.inch serial
floppy disks
48K1dual SV.inch serial
floppy disks
48K1Sy'i nch 5S keys, serial, 54 (32) x 15 integral
floppy disk 12 key keypad parallel display,
printer
72 keys, serial, up to z-ir c
S programmable parallel 840 x 230 COlor mOnitor
54K'3'I2-inch 72 keys, serial, up to 12-inch
micro-f1opoy disk 5 programmable parallel 840 x 230 color monitor
64K1dual as'I.inch 97 keys 2 serial, 80 x 24 green CRT
floppy disks 1 parallel
54K1dual 5V.inch 97 keys 2 serial 80 x 24 green CRT,
floppy disks satellite
s port
54K1dual 5V.-inch 95 keys, 2 serial, 80 x 24 12-inch
~
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THE APPLE III with Silentype printer.
On the oftware end. two operating sys tems are available .
Those are CPI 1 and MmmOST Service Operating System. a
Televideo proprietary operating sys tem. Al o. nine high-level
programming languages are avai lable-BASIC. FORTRA
COBOL. Pascal. APL. Algol. PUI. Forth. and C.
Other systems
The other systems available in this price range are upgrades
of lower-priced systems; in general. those upgrades increa e the
power andlor flexibility of the basic system. For instance. the
Apple II Plus reaches thi price level if it is equipped with a
econd double-density 5V.-inch disk drive . Doing so increa ses
the formatted mass storage capacity to 280K. and the price to
S3020 .
Adding a high-resolution (650 x 230 or 250 x 300 pixels)
color display increases the price of the Sony S,HC-70to S3020.
Doing so allows you to make maximum use of the ystcrn's
eight -color capabi lity. For a total sy tern price of S3470 you can
also add a second 3
t
h-inch disk drive . That drive increases the
storage capacity by 280K for a total system capacity of 560K.
Radio Shack's TRS-80 Model III system can also be upgraded
into this price range. For S3472. you can purchase what Radio
Shack calls its Manager's Sys tem. That includes 48K of RAM.
one doub le-dens ity 5V.-i nch disk drive. a line printer. and
appropriate software includi ng the VisiCalc spreadsheet pro-
gram and SCRIPSIT word processing. Also included is a com-
puter work desk.
At $3195. an upgraded version of the Zenith 289 (also avai l-
able in kit form from Heath as the H89) is available. That version
includes one soft-sectored 5V.-inch disk drive for a storage
capacity of l60K, and 64K of RAM.
MIA-Corn-OSI also has two offerings in this category. For
S3150. you can purchase the C20EM. That ystem consists of
the 6502-based computer. 48K of RAM. OSI 's OS-65U operat-
ing system. and two single-sided. double-density disk drives
each allowing 275K of storage.
The C4P-MF-48K, with a price ofS3000, offers 48K of RAM
and two eight-inch disk drives. Those drives hould give the user
about 550K of total system storage capacity. That 6502-based
system features color-video output and comes with modem,
cas ette, printer. and AC-control interfaces. R-E
TERMS: $5.00 order U.S. Funds. Calif. residents add tax. . Prices v FREE: Send for your copy of our NEW 1982
min. VISA and MasterCard accepted. $1.00 Insurance npttenal. subject QUEST CATALOG. Include stamp.
Shipping: Add 5%; orders under $25.00-10%. tochange
Ell II Adapter Kit $24.95
PROM Eraser
assembled. 25 PROM capacity 537.50
(withtimer569.50). 6PROM capacityOSHA
ULversion 578.50(with timer5108.501,
Rockwell AIM 65 Computer
6502 based single board wrth fullASCII keyboard ...
and 20 column thermal printer. 20char. alphanu-
meri c display ROM montcr., fully expandablc.
5439.00.4K version 5454.00. 4KAssembler
$35.00. 8K Basic 565.00 FORTH565.00
INTRODUCING A BRAND NEW MICROCOMPUTER
VENT URE is a single iUenlure RAM. Votraxvoicesynthe-
board computer that is an srzer. sound generator.
adventure for thehobbyist. ...1\ EPROM; Full Basic, disas-
It is a learning training sernbler. editor. assembler;
computer as well as just metal cabinet. addi tional
plain fun for anyone who powe r supply , ASCII
wants to get into a state- keyboard real time clock
of-the-art computer at rea- calendar.
sonablecost. Expansion Opllons
VENTURE comes in kit Floppy Disc, EPROM Pro-
form or fully assembled grammer, light pen . uni-
and tested. You can get it in its minimumcan- versa: user programmable music. sound board
figuration for as little as$195.00 or take It all high resol utioncolor/grayscale pixel mapped
the way to floppy disks and voice . It can be video boar d. General PurposeInstrument Bus.
expanded as a kit or lully assembled. at your Minimum VENTURESystem519500
ownpace and choice, Kit includes CPUand control with4K01 RAM.
VENTURE is a 16" by 20- main board With l K of scratchpad . 2K monrtor, 1861 video
separateASCII and HEXkeyboards .It runsfast, graphics, cassette interface and separate HEX
almost 4 MHz and hasthecapabil ity of putting keyboard Wi th LEO displays for address and
almost 1 megabyte of RAM and ROM on the output. Power supply is included along with 2
board along With a variety of inexpensive game cassettes. The main board is 16- x 20-
options. and includes space for all of the previousl y
On 80ardOpllons discussed on-board options. Full on-boardex-
16 channel A to 0; 5 slot 60 pin bus, 2 serial pansioncanbecompletedfor under 51000.00.
ports. parallel ports; 3 video options. 4BK Call for further details. option prices etc.
RCA Cosmac 1802 Super Elf Computer Kit $106.95
TheSuper Elf is atremendous valueas it com- cluding a series of lessons to help get you
binesVideo. digital displays. LED displays. and started and a music program and graphics
music, all ona singleboard for 5106.95. target game. ManySChOOlSanduniversitiesare
The Super Elf expansion capability is virtually usingtheSuper Elf asacourseof study. OEM's
unlimitedandyou can doit inexpensively one useIt for training and R&D. Amonthly news-
step at a time. Expansion includes cassette letter. Ouestdata is devoted exclusively to soft-
interface. additional memory. color video, Ba- warefor theSuper Elf andtherearemanysoft-
sic. ASCII keyboard. printer. floppy. 5-100 bus. warebooks availableat low cost.
RS232. etc. Free 14Page Brochure
The Super Elf comes completewith power sup- Send or call for a free brochure on all details
ply and detailed 127 page instruction manual and pricingof theSuper Elf and ItS expansion.
which includes over 40 pages of software. in- We will getIt right out to you!
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56 . t , AS0 1 .t , IX: "= ' 1 $1A95
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Convert TVset intoahighQuality monrtor w/o
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Bv 5 amp. ",1Bv .Samp. 5v 1.5 amp. - 5v
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areregUlated. BaSICKit Kit withchaSSIS
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60Hz Crystal TimeBaseKit $4.40
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Stateof theart. orig.. answer. Notuningneces-
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laO Microcomputer
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528.50. Full Kit 599.00. MoMor 520.00. Power
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LEARN HOWMICROPROCESSORS WORK FOR $149.95.
INIRODUCINGtHE MICRO-PROFESSOR.
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For further inferrnaticn or order. MultltechIndustrial Corporation
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Multitech Electronics Inc. Sunnyvale,CA94086 TWX 19162 MULTIIC.
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Tel: 408-773-8400
Tex: 176004 Qty. AmI.
Name (Please Print) MPF-1Micro-Professor $149.95
---
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Address PRT-MPFThermal Printer $99.95 - --
City EPB-MPF EPROM ProgrammingBoard $169.95
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Signature Shippingand Handling $4.95 _ ~
Check or money order enclosed D Californiaresidents addsales tax
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TheMicro-Professor MPF-1 isa
serious, hands-on teaching deviceused
bycolleges and universities, technical
schools, corporate training programs,
and individuals, worldwide.
The heartoftheMPF-1is aZ-80 micro-
processor. It isspecificallydesigned to
aid you inlearning thearchitecture
ofthemost popular 8-bitcentral
processing uniton themarket. In
addition, withtheMPF-1 you can do
breadboarding and prototypingfor both
hardware and softwareapplications.
The Micro-Professor MPF-1 features
2k bytes of RAM (expandabl eto4k)
2k bytes of ROM (expandableto8k)
36 key calculator-type keyboard
TinyBASIC interpreter for help in
learning assembly language
Built-inspeaker
Cassette recorder interfacefor program
storage
24 input/output lines
3.5 x 1.36 inch breadboard area
Two 40-pin busses forthestandard CPU
and optional CTC/PIO allows forfull
expansion toZ-80 architecture
capabilities
AC power supply included
Three instruction manuals include
source monitor listing plus 18 experi-
ments inhardware and software
and theMicro-Professor comes inan
attractive book-style carrying case for a
micro priceof only$149.95 witha90-day
unconditional written warranty.
Z-80is a registeredtrademark of ZilogInc.
User options include
Thermal Printer(PRT-MPF) $99.95
20 column, alphanumeric, printer, in
BASIC, withdisassembler.
EPROM Programming Board
(EPB-MPF) $169.95 For all 5
voltEPROMs (1 KB, 2KB, 4KB).
Read, copy, list and
verify capabilities.
Speech Synthesizer
Board (SSB-MPF)
$139.95 Avocabulary
of 1200 + words plus more inthefuture.
If you're serious about learning (or
teaching) howmicroprocessors work,
nowisthetime toorder theMicro-
Professor.
Individuals using theMicro-Professor
MPF-1 outside of structured classroom
situations should have at least a
rudimentary knowledge of
microcomputer technology. We will
provide alistof appropriate literature
tothose who request it.
To order call toll free : 800-538-1542
In California call 408-773-8400
53500to54000
HARDWAREf ",
$3500.$4000
Systems in this price range
consist mainly of upgraded
versions of more basic
systems. But for the added
cost, you get versatility.
MARC STERN
IFTHERE'S ONE THING CERTAIN ABOUT THE COMPUTER MARKET.
it's that: the higher in price you go. the more systems seem to be
avai lable. It's especially not iceable if you take a close look at the
personal computer marketplace. And. no matter how high you
go into the price spec trum. two other certainties also stand out:
The eight-bit processor is sti ll the champ. without a doubt. and
CP/M is still the leading operati ng system.
Yes, it is true there are some systems taking advan tage of the
new generation of l6-bit CPU's, but there are n't that many . In
this price category, there are only two systems that take advan-
tage of it, while a third takes advantage of a proprietary l2-bit
CPU.
But. speaking of specific sys tems themselves. it is in this
price segment of the marketplace that many computer systems
really begin to mature into truly powerful machines. It is also in
this part of the spectrum that several new machines make their
appearance and we will look at them first.
Three new names join the list at this juncture; those are
Vector. North Star Computers. and Hitachi .
Vector
The $3995 Vector 1600is a very powerful system. Its high-
speed Z80B crunches data at the super-high clock speed of 6
MHz. This system also features bank-switched RAM in 64K
chunks. What this means is that while the operating system is
resident in one 64K chunk of memory, the user can have another
bank of 64K available for processing. This effectively reduces
disk access time and it will allow for some spooling functions-
using part of the memory for printing while the rest of the system
is doing other tasks.
Clearly designed for business applications. the Vector 1600is
CP/M-dedicated. Its operating system is CP/M 2.5. one of the
latest releases. Thus. this system will support BASIC 80. BAS-
IC Compiler, FORTRAN. COBOL and Pascal. It also supports
a RAID debugging program and ZSM Assembler, as well as a
powerful business-accounting/word processing package.
The bank-switched memory also allows additional operating
commands and new utilities to be added. User access to these
functions is via a 72-key keyboard of which 10 keys are used as a
numeric keypad for rapid numeric data entry.
This S-I 00 bus system has six card slots open on its mother-
board and it wi ll support a parallel printer without an optional
interface. In fact. the three parallel ports are fully configurable
by the user.
Mass storage is available in two standard quad density
(doub le-sided, double-density) 5Y4-inch minifloppy disks. This
gives the user a tota l of 630K of potential storage. It also means
there's more than enough storage for any task a user would like
the system to tackle.
The CRT is a 12-inch bit-mapped unit. capable of the industry
standard 80-character by 24- line display . The bit-mapping is
also attract ive because it will allow the user to directly address
screen memory and move the cursor any screen location.
North Star
From North Star Computers of San Leandro. CA. comes the
dual-processor Advantage, This system is another of a number
on the market that takes advantage of a secondary processor
which handles such routine' 'housekeeping" chores as servicing
the keyboard and floppy disk drive control functions. This
allows the Z80A to perform its processing function unhindered.
It also means the user gets the advantage of the CPU's 4 MHz
clock speed for quick data access and retrieval.
The operating system of this computer is North Star's CP/M-
compatible Graphics BASIC/Graphics DOS (GDOS) for high-
level graphics funcions.
One of the prime aims of this system seems to be at those
industries or users needing powerful graphics capabilities. The
operating system allows the user to take advantage of the high-
level bit-mapped graphics capability of the Advantage, Resolu-
tion of this system is 640 x 240 pixels. which will allow
high-level graphics resolution. In the graphics mode. the AdI'QlI-
rage will support both geometric and graphics functions. The
four functions POLYGON. RECTANGLE. ELLIPSE. and
SPECIAL LINE enable the drawing of points. lines and many
two-dimensional figures . Other commands such as CLEAR.
BLOCK. and CHAR are used to control the display operation.
The Advantage is another of the all-in-one computers on the
market. It incl udes a standard green phosphcr CRT that is
o
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:II
97
capable not onl y of high graphic s reso lution. but also the in-
dustry standard 80 x 24 displ ay
Thi s syste m has an 87- key keyboard that includ es 15 function
keys and 14 numeric/cursor contro ls on a separate keypad. It
will also support system expansion through six bus slots for such
r expansion s as serial or parallel I/O inter faces or North St ar ' s
Floating Point Board.
Dual quad-densit y minifl oppy disks provide a user
with up to 360K of mass storage per dri ve or with up to 128 files
per drive .
Not only will the GDOS operating system support high-level
graphics functions , it will also support the use of such high-level
languages as CBASIC. MBASIC. FORTRAN, or COBOL. The
operating system is a superset of the industry-standard CP/M.
Not only doe s the Advantage includ e a standard 64K of RAM.
but it also has a separate 20K of displ ay RAM. so the user can
take advantage of the full-power of the bit-mapped screen.
Altogether, the $3999 North Star Advantage is quit e a power-
ful per sonal computer system that should be useful in the of fice.
a laboratory, or at home.
Hitachi
Another new name also appearing in this segment is Hit achi ,
which has long been known in the con sumer electronics field.
Hitachi 's entry is the $3500 , 16-bit MBJ600J personal compu-
ter. The new Hitachi system is still another entrant in the
DEC'S OECmate /I computer is primarily targeted for office management
applications.
burgeoning 16-bit proce ssor segment of the personal computer
market.
Like other 16-bit systems on the market. a user is able to
address a standard l2 8K of RAM-cxpand able to about 348 K
becau se of the amount of address space availabl e in the 8088
microprocessor. This processor pro vides enhanced , hi gh-
resolution multi-colored graphics and text di spla ys. The compu-
ter has a graphics display resolution of 640 x 40Qpixel s in eight
different colors. The text and graphics can be overlaid whil e
each is being indi viduall y colored.
A modular system, the MBJ6001 has a separate system box ,
keyboard and CRT. If the buyer opts for the color CRT. it can
display 2,000 characters in 15 different textual colors.
The 96-key keyboard features a numeri c keypad for qui ck
numerical dat a entry and 16 special functi on keys .
Quite a capable system. mass storage is via quad-densit y
5Y4-inch minifloppy disk dri ves. Thi s gives this per sonal com-
puter the potential of nearly 700K of mass storage. Thi s feature
permits large amounts of storage for data processing.
The MBJ600J is equipped with one parall el printer port and
will support co mmunications (or ot her se rial peripherals)
through an RS-232C serial port. It comes equi pped with a light
pen as part of this MSIDOS machine . Under this DOS. the
system will run a BASIC interpreter. FORTRAN. COBOL.
Pascal or assembler software. Five built-in slots on the mothe r-
board provide for fur ther system expansion .
New systems appeari ng from manufacturers already men-
tioned in this suppleme nt include another two from Digital and
one from Radio Shack . the TRS-80 Model lJ.
Digital Equipment Corp.
DEC' s $3740 DECmate lJ is actually an update and upgrade
of an existing wor d processing system. This is one of the
computers that makes use of something ot her than an eight-bit
CPU. in this case a proprietary l 2-bit CPU, the 6 102. It also uses
Digital ' s propri et ary COS as its ope rati ng system.
One of the three modul ar systems released in the middle of
this year, the DEClI1ate lJ ca n easi ly interchange system pieces
with either the Rainbow 100 or the Prof essional ser ies. which
will be descri bed shortly.
Becau se it is now limited to using DEC' s operati ng system.
this system can' t take adva ntage of the many CP/M-based oft-
ware packages on the market. However. this should soo n be
remedied as DEC has plans for a Z80 upgrade.
Since this is a modul ar sys tem. the buyer will find a separate
system box, displ ay and keyboard. The 103-key keyboard in-
cludes spec ial function keys and a key pad for rapid numerical
data entry. Th is sys tem also incl udes a boostrap diag nost ic
routine that will inform the user of trouble in any area of the
system on power-up.
Thi s 12-bit system has 64K of standard RAM. Th is should be
more than enough for any task this sys tem will be called upon to
perform.
Mass storage is via dual quad- densi ty 5 minilloppy
disks. This allows the user to have access to nearly 800Kof mass
storage . It should also work well with this proprietary 12-bit
processor in allowing the user to do a grea t deal of work .
Quit e frankly, this sys tem was designed for professional word
processing applica tions and in those applications this system
should eas ily fill the bill, especially with the amount of mass
storage available. However , this busi ness orie ntatio n docs limit
programming language avai lability to DIBOL, DEC' s own
business orie nted language .
The standard CRT is a high-resol ution black and white moni-
tor that is easi ly detached from the sys tem and can be placed
wherever the operator feels most comfortable. Th is is a good
featur e.
DEC' s other sys tem in this price range is the Professional
325 . That unit sells for $3995.
The Prof essional 325 is drive n by a 16-bit proprietary CPU
called the F- J I . As an exa mple of its potent ial power. its
instruction set is actually that of DEC' s powerful PDP- l 1123
series . Thus . this system is easi ly able to work as a standalone or
as part of a wider DEC-based system . It will easi ly recog nize
and work with other DEC systems .
Quite frankly, according to the ma nufacturer, the Pro-
fess ional325 is aimed at the sma ll busi ness or office. In light of
this. it's easy to understand why DEC chose to give the user the
greates t amount of RAM available as standard on the market.
256K. This three- piece, modu lar syste m is quite capable of
multit asking.
Standard mass storage is 800K on dual-density 5Y4-i nch flop-
py di sk and there is a Wi nchester hard disk drive
available that wi ll provide 5 megabytes .
This computer probably has the bes t graphics capa bility on
the market. It has a display reso lution of 960 x 240 pixels and
will generate eight basic co lors. or a tota l of 256 shades . The
cursor is addressa ble.
Both of the DEC systems can interface with peripheral equip-
ment throu gh ei ther seria l or parallel ports.
An interesting feature of this series is the HELP key. This
allows the user to address a ROM-resident HELP program and
,('": HARDWARE
- '
$3500.$4000
ers, plotters. and digitizers. These ports also support com-
munication with other computers. This computer also includes
four bus slots for future expansion or for adding memory.
IDEAL FOR BUSINESS APPLICATIONS, the Radio Shack TRSSO Model II
Is powerful in even Its basic configuration.
menus. The DO key executes a function without the need to
return to the special function keys. Also ROM-resident is a
boostrap diagnostic program that will tell the user if any part of
the system has failed.
The operating system of this system is the company's pro-
prietary P-OS. With this operating system, the user is able to run
such high-level languages as the MBASIC Compiler and the
Mark Williams' Co . C Compiler. It will also address FOR-
TRAN and UCSD-p-Pascal. The keyboard is the same one
common to the DEC personal computers.
Radio Shack
From Radio Shack comes the TRS-80 Model II. with two
versions available in this price category, the 48K. one disk-drive
model for $3450 and the 64K. one disk-drive model for $3899.
Driven by a 4 MHz Z80A. this system is powerful even in its
most basic configuration. In that standard configuration. this
system comes equipped with 48K of standard RAM. but this can
be upgraded to 64K.
It is capable of creating the industry standard IBM-3741-
format single-density disks with a Reformatter software pack-
age. However, to use this software. the system requires 64K of
RAM and two or more drives. Under the TRSDOS operating
system. this computer is capable of supporting a 17K disk-based
BASIC interpreter that features detailed error flagging and quick
editing.
This language is capable of advanced string handling and full
editing, as well as multidimensional arrays and error trapping. It
is also capable of program line renumbering and hex and octal
conversion. as well as direction and sequential access to data in
disk files . It also has the ability to execute TRSDOS commands
and then return to BASIC with the program and variables intact.
It is also capable of calling machine language subroutines.
Among the basic features of the TRS-80 Model II are a 76-key
keyboard that includes a numeric entry keypad. Keyboard keys
include HOLD, Escape. BREAK. CfRL. CAPS and REPEAT.
This is another of the all-in-one computers on the market and
it includes a standard. 12-inch black and white CRT that is
capable of displaying either the industry standard 80 X 24 lines
or double-sized characters at 40 x 24-lines.
Mass storage is provided by a single. built-in double density
eight-inch floppy disk drive. The disk is capable of holding
416K.
System expansion is aided by a parallel port and two RS-232C
serial ports . This will allow system expansion to include print-
,'c :
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I
TABLE 8-$3500-$4000
Disk
Word Operating
Manufacturer Model Price CPU Lenath svstenus) t.anquaqets)
Apple Computer Apple III $3990 6502A 8 bits SOS 1.1 BASIC, Pascal
20525 Mariani Ave.
Cupertino, CA
95014
Cromemco CS-1 $3995 Z80A 8 bits RDOS COBOL, C, CROMI X,
280 Bernardo Ave. Structured BASIC,
Mountain View, CA RATFOR, FORTRAN,
94040 LISP
Digital Equipment Professional $3995 F11 16 P/OS BASIC-Plus-2
Corp. 325 (PDP 11/23) bits FORTRAN, DiBOL
Mayward, MA UCSD p-Pascal
01754
I Dlglt al Equipment DECMate II $3740 proprietary 12 CP/M, COS310, DiBOL
l Corp. bits WPS8
Hitachi Sales MB16001 $3500 8088 16 MSiDOS BASIC, FORTRAN,
Corp. bits Pascal, assembler
401 W. Artesia
Compton, CA
90220
Intertec Data SuperBrain SO $3500 Z80 8 bits CP/M BASIC, other
Systems CP/M compat ible
2300 Broad River Road
Columbia, SC
29210
M/A COM OSI OSI $3615 6502 8 bits OS-65D BASIC
7 Oak Pk. C4pDF-HR
Bedford, MA
01730
M/A COM OSI OSI $3640 6502 8 bits OS-65D BASIC
C8P-DF-48K
M/A COM OSI C8P-DF-HR $3850 6502 8 bits OS-65D BASIC
rMicro Source M6000P $3900 Z80 8 bits CP/M BASIC, UNIX,
595 N. Clayton Rd. other CP/M
New Lebanon, OH compatible
45345
MicroTechnology MTU $3599 6502 8 bits CODOS BASIC, UCSD p-
Unlimited 130-20 Pascal
Box 12106
Raleigh, NC
r27605
NEC Home Elec. NEC $3740 uPD 780 c- t 8 bits CP/M BASIC, FORTRAN, '
1401 W. Estes Ave. PC-8001 (Z80-like) Pascal, COBOL
Oak Grove, IL
60007
NEC Home Elec. NEC $3984 uPD 780 c- 1 8 bits CP/M BASIC, FORTRAN,
PC800 1 (Z80-like) Pascal COBOL
North Star North $3999 Z80 8 bits CP/M, G-DOS GBASIC, other
Computers Star CP/M compatible
1440 Catalina Advantage
San Leandro, CA
94577
Tarrytown, NY
10591
I Olivetti M-20 $3789 Z8001 16 PCOS BASIC
bits
Radio Shack TRS80 $3972 Z80 8 bits TRSDOS COBOL,
One Tandy Center Model III BASIC, FORTRAN,
Fort Worth, TX editor/assembler
76102
Radio Shack TRS-80 $3450 Z80 8 bits TRSDOS COBOL,
Model II BASIC, FORTRAN,
editor/assembler
-
Radio Shack TRS80 $3899 Z80 8 bits TRSDOS COBOL,
(/) Model II BASIC, FORTRAN,
o
editor/assembler
Z
Sony SMC-70 $3675 Z80A 8 bits CP/M BASIC, Pascal
0
II: 7 Mercedes Dr.
t-
Montvale, NJ
o
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07645
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Vector Graphics Inc. 1600 $3995 Z80 8 bits CP/M BASIC. FORTRAN,
6
500 N. Ventu Pk. Rd. COBOL, other CP/M
15
Thousand Oaks, CA compatible
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II: 91320
100
.
1/0 Dis la Comments
serial
80 x 24 text, 12-inch
280 x 192 green CRT
graphics, 16 colors
65Kidual 5V.-inch parallel
disks
256Kidual 5V.-inch serial, 80 x 24 12-inch
floppy disks parallel display
96Kidual 5V4-inch serial 80 x 24 12-inch
flo disks dis la
128Kidual 5
'
/.-inch serial, 80 (40) x 24 text, 12-inch
floppy disks parallel up to 640 x 400 monochrome or
graphics color display
64Kidua l 5
'
/4-inch 2 serial 80 x 24 12-inch
floppy disks green display
24Kidual 8-inch serial, 256 x 512 color
floppy disks parallel graphics
48Kidual 8-inch serial , 256 x 512 color
floppy disks parallel graphics
48Kidual 8-inch sen 256 x 512 color 8-slot
floppy disks parallel graphics mother
board
64Kidual 5'I. -inch serial , 80 x 24 9-inch
80Kidual 8-inch 1 serial, 80 x 24 12-inch
floppy disks 2 parallel green
display
64Kidual 5V.-inch serial, 12-inch
floppy disks parallel color display
96Kidual 5V.-inch serial, 80 x 24 text, Irc
flo disks arallel 160 x 100 ra hics color dis fa
64Kidual 5V4-inch serial, 80 x 24 integral
floppy disks parallel green
display
128 ual5 .-inch serial, 80 x 25 text , 12-inch
floppy disk parallel 512 x 256 graphics B&W display
160K/dual 5
'
/4-inch serial, 80 x 25 text, 12-inch
floppy disks parallel 516 x 256 graphics B&W display
48Kidual 5V.-inch prlnte serial, 64 (32) x 16 integral
floppy disks stand parallel B&W
display
48Ki8-inch serial, 80 (40) x 24 integral
floppy disk parallel B&W
dis la
64K/8 inch serial, 80 (40) x 24 integral
floppy disk parallel B&W
display
64Kilriple 73 keys, seri al, 80 x 24 text, 12-inch
3
'
/2-inch 6 programmable parallel up to 640 230 color
0
micro-floppy disks graphics display
o
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64K( seria, 80 x 24 integral CD
8-inch floppy disk parallel display
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101
Other systems
System upgrades show the power that is built into personal
computers . For instance. the TRS-80Mode/Ill. when equipped
with dual 5V4-inch drives that provides the user with up to 306K
of mass storage (single-sided double-density) and a Line Printer
VI printer. costs $3655 . This price. however. doesn't include a
RAM upgrade from 48K to 64K.
Micro'Sources M6000P portable. fully configured but with-
out a Winchester hard disk. tops out at $3900. This configura-
tion includes 368K of mass storage on dual. single-sided.
double-density minifloppy disks. and a CRT and keyboard .
The Olivetti M-20 is now reaching its fully configured state .
With the addition of a second dual quad-density 5
l
f4-ineh mini-
floppy disk, this l6-bit CPU-driven system costs $3.560. This
gives the user the potential of 640K of formatted storage . It also
gives the user the full advantage of the 16-bit CPU .
System upgrades continue with MicroTechnology Unlim-
ited's MTU-130. When this system is equipped with dual.
eight-inch quad-density floppies. the mass storage of this system
becomes 2 megabytes. quite a large amount of space. This
amount of storage helps to make up for any shortcomi ngs in the
processing speed of its I MHz. 6502 CPU. The system now
includes 80K of RAM. five expansion slots on the motherboard.
96-key keyboard. l2-inch green monitor. 2 para llel ports. and
one serial port. It is now nearly fully configured. except for the
MC680000 processor board option or a hard disk drive .
With the addition of a second single-s ided. double-density
5V4-inch minifloppy disk. the price of the 128K RAM Apple III
system rises to $3990. The standard CPU on this system. as
described earlier in this supplement. is a 1.8-M Hz 6502A.
NEC's PC-8000 upgrades twice in this price range . For
$3734, the buyer gets the Z80-like ,uPD 780 C-I processor with
a4 MHz clock speed. This version of the system includes 64K of
RAM, dual single-sided. double-density disks for 280K of mass
storage. expansion slots. 84-key keyboard. and parallel .and
serial 110 ports. The key addition to this system is the high-
resolution, 12-inch color monitor. Increasing the amount of
RAM to 96K on the PC-8000A. the user will spend $3984. but
will also gain more power in the system.
With three microfloppy disk drives. the Sony SMC-70 has its
amount of mass storage increased to 840K. In the $3675 ver-
sion, the third drive has been added for greater storage. The
basic system includes 64K of RAM. CP/M. a 73-key keyboard
and five expansion slots.
M/A-COM-OSI has three system upgrades in this price range.
The4P-DF-HR at $3615 offers the buyer a I MHz eight-bit 6502
CPU with a slow I-MHz clock speed. (This CPU is common to
all OSI products .) This system features 24K of RAM. but 550K
of mass storage on dual eight-inch floppy disks . The potential is
there for a color video output. and the company provides in-
terfacing capabilities for a cassette recorder. modem. and D/A
converter. This system is capable of supporting a display resolu-
tion of 5 12 x 256.
osrs C8P-DF-48K provides the same basic features as the
C4P. but the amount of internal RAM is expanded to 48K. It is
priced at $3640.
And. the OSI C8P-DF-HR. at $3850. is an upgrade of the
C8P-DF-48K with the addition of an eight-slot bus for system
expansion.
Even the Texas Instruments TI-9914A has an entry in this price
category at $3524. This version of the 48K system includes a
speech synthesizer module .
When you add a printer to the 64K. dual Z80 driven Heath /
Zenit h 290. the cost of this system rises to $3590. The 290 is
one of the many all-in-one systems on the market. It includes a
full keyboard and 12-inch black-and-white CRT in the same
housing. It looks like the traditional computer terminal with
which nearly everyone is familiar. R-E
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ZENITH# ZVM-121
12in. 15MHz. /GR EEN Phcs .
$113.00
IC.S.#KG:..:.i2 .. .
12in. 19MHz. / GREEN Phc s.
Non-Glare Screen $134.50
'S'MC# i2A .. ..
12in. 15MHz.lGREEN Phos.
$89.50
'(COL6'R' i)-
13in. / eOLOR ! ! ..
"375.00
3 inch Mini FAN -----$8.95
2 111 ----- $2.45
8 155----- $1 1.50
ER2501----- $4.95
AY51013A----- $2.95
8202 ----- $29.95
6 522----- $5.25
82SS -'5.95
8 748 8 -'31.00
MC6800 - ' 7.75
MC6802 - '1495
Me68SO - ' 4.50
MC6821 - '4.95
6331-- '1.25
Diskette SALE!!
' Wabash"
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SS/SD 122.00
125
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SSIDD 27.40 30.40
DS/SD" 34.90
. DS/DD 3211-0 37.40
6SOOO . Ast eroids
Disk 48500 : MISS'eCom'73250
820 . Sup.BrkOUt
Padd'e (pr ) 16 95 ' Assem aiit- 49:00
Jo vs tickl pr ? : St ar f\aiders - 45PO
32k RAM- 179.95 . Basketba ll- 2800
Basic Cart - 4900 . Chess -
Pac-Man......$36.95
Diskette Storage BOX
+HARD PLASTIC.
2pco/$ 8
5 ' /4 inch----- 5.00
{r
8inch----- $4.75ea. {r
COMPUTERS
ATAR' " 800
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COMPUTER SYSTEM
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__ __ $ 79QOO
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FOR ONE REASON OR ANOTHER. IT SEE:\IS THAT T HERE AR E
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what's available are simply upgrades of lower priced systems.
One system that fits into this category is the Sharp YX3200,
another of the many Z80-based personal computers on the
market. That system sells for 53495.00: adding the companion
80-column. bidirectional. dot-matrix printer. whic h sell s for
5895 .00. brings the price up to 54390.00 for a fully configured
svstem.
. The YX3200 comes with 64K of RA 1: ROM is expandable to
12K. lass storage is handled using two double-sided. double-
density drives: those allow a potential of
284K of storage per drive . The computer uses either Sharp's
own FDOS (FLOPPY Disk Operating System) or CP/M: both
come standard with the system.
Included in the unit's 92-key keyboard are 10 user-definable
keys and a numeric keypad for rapid data entry. Although we've
commented on numeric keypads briefly in other parts of this
section. their importance can't be underestimated. If you 've
ever had to enter long lists of numbers. you know what I mean.
You certainly could do it using the numbers found on a standard
typewri tter-style keyboard. but the procedure is cumbersome
when compared to using a numeric keypad. The keyboard.
incidentl y. i capable of producing the full ASCII character-set.
Standard with the system i a 12-inch green CRT display. The
display can show up to 24 lines (actually 25. but one is a statu
line) of 80 characters each .
The unit also ha five I/O ports to facilitate system expansion .
Those can be used to add additional drives. for RS232C com-
munications (the interfaces are included with the system). etc . A
parallel port is provided for the printer.
TABLE 9-$4000-$4500 Disk
Word Operating
j Manufact urer Model Price CPU Length System(s) Language(s)
Commodore Business CBM 8032 $4084 6502 8 bits proprietary BASIC
Machines
487 Devon Pk. Rd.
Wayne. PA 19087
Commodore Business SuperPET $4085 6809/6502 8 bits proprietary APL, BASIC, Pascal,
Machines 9000 FORTRAN, assembler
Zenit h Data Systems Z90 $4190 Z80 8 bits HDOS, CP/M BASIC, UCSD p-
100 Milwaukee Ave. (optional) other Pascal, FORTRAN,
1Glenview. IL 60025 CP/M compatible
IBM Information PC $4425 8088 16 PCDOS, BASIC Compiler,
Systems bits CP/M (opt ional) UCSD-Pascal IV,
P.O. Box 1328 COBOL
(f)
Boca Raton , FL 33432
o Sharp Electronics YX3200 $4495 Z80A 8 bits FOOS, BASIC,
Z 10 Keystone PI. CP/M other CP/M
0
Paramus, NJ 07652 compatible
a:
I-
Sony Corp. SMC-70 $4195 Z80A 8 bits CP/M BASIC, Pascal,
o
LU 7 Mercedes Dr. other CP/M
...J
Montvale. NJ 07645 compatible LU
0 Texas Instruments TI99/4A $4174 TMS9900 16 proprietary BASIC
0 PO Box 225012 bits
Dallas, TX 75265
a:
104
HARDWARE
$4000.$4500
EXPANSIONMODULES for the Sony SMC70. Along with the modules, the
light pen and numeric keypad are shown.
THEZENITHZ90 is an upgrade of the Z89. The terminal-type housing looks
ident ical for both computers.
This system is designed with the user in mind. In addition to
FDOS and CP/M. the system price includes CBASIC and Sharp
BASICprogramming languages. Inaddition. the YX3200 boasts
what it calls"Automatic Program Generation." That allows a
user with no knowledge of programming to create business
forms in three steps. A series of prompts leads the user through
the creationof the program with a series of graphics displays and
yes/no answers- sort of a spreadsheet program with a built-in
helping hand.
Other systems
The fully configured IBMPersonal Comput er (the more basic
versions are described elsewhere in this section) also reaches
this price level. At $4425. the system includes a 16-bit 8088
CPU. 280K of disk storage. a 12-inch green CRT. and 128Kof
RAM. The key difference in this system is that the amount of
RAM has been doubled.
Another system whose highest price falls in this range is the
Sony SMC-70 . In its maximum configuration. this system sells
for $4195.00 and includes three disk drives and 64K of RAM.
permitting over 840Kof mass storage. It also includes a 12-inch.
high-resolution color monitor for color graphics.
The Texas Instruments TI -99/4A can also reach this range by
adding a disk drive to the 48Ksystem. That system. which also
includes a printer. speech synthesizer, modem. and com-
munications program package. sells for $4174.00.
When you upgrade the Commodore Business Machines'
80328 business system to 96K of RAM and add a printer. its
price rises to $4085 . Adding a printer to their SuperPET
SP9000. which has 96K of built-in RAM. also increases the
price to that figure. Complete descriptions of those systems can
also be found elsewhere in this section.
And. by adding the $995 printer to the Zenith Z90.the price of
this systemcome up to $4190. That computer is a dual processor
Z80-based unit and features an integral keyboard and 12-inch
monitor. R-E
96K1dual 5'!4inch standard, numeric IEEE-488 80 x 25 printer,
fl oppydisks keypad integral 12-inch
B&W
monitor
96K1dual 5V. -inch standard, numeric IEEE-488 80 x 25 printer, integral
floppy disks keypad 12-inch B&W monitor
64K18inch 84 keys, serial, 80 x 24 text, printer,
fl oppydisk 12 function keys 33 graphics 12-inch
characters B&W monitor
128K/duaI 5'/. -inch 83 keys, 1O-key serial , 80 x 24 11%-inch
floppy disk keypad, f O-special- parallel green CRT
function keys
64K1dual 5'/. -inch 92 keys, 10 serial, 80 x 24
fl oppy disk programmable
s
64K1triple 3%-inch 72 keys, serial, 80 x text, -l
micro-floppy disk 5 programmable parallel 640 x 230 graphics
0
CD
m
48K15'/.-inch standard serial 32 x 24 text, printer
JJ
....
floppy disk 192 x 256 graphics
<0
(X)
I\)
105
54500-56000
There are many computers to choose from in this
price range. Many new systems make their first
appearance here and many systems reach their
maximum expansion and full potential.
MARC STERN
WHEN YO U REACII TilE HIGII END OF TilE PERSONAL CO MPUTER
spectrum. the competition reall y begins to get livel y. Many new
computer systems make their first appearance in this catego ry.
Also included in this catego ry are those systems that have been
steadi ly improving in power and performance as they have
become mor e expensive .
A minimum of 10 new systems make their first appearance in
this price cate gor y. with the names of such computer man-
ufacturer s as Altos. Vector Gr aphi c and Zenith joining the list of
manufacturers offering high-end systems . (Zenith is the parent
en of Heath. whi ch offers the Heath/Zen ith ser ie . ) Canon. long
known in the consumer photography and elec tronics fields . has
o also brought out its own computer system. whi le Hewlett-
g: Packard' s HP-87 series reaches its mos t powerful level in this
frl spectrum.
...J
w
o Canon
Taki ng a look at the 54995 Canon ex-/ . we find it is dri ven by
a: an eight-bit 6809 CPU . The system comes with 64K RAM as
106
standard . which is more than enough user memory to allow this
system to acce ss and retrie ve data quite qui ckl y. Thi s operating
system is Canon' s proprietary Floppy Disk Operating System
and it supports the BAS IC. Assembler and ANSI COBOL
programming languages.
Thi s system is frankl y aimed at the business market and
because it is it comes as an all -in- one unit. The terminal contains
an 84-key keyboard. that incl udes a 14-key function/numeric
keypad. dual 5Y4-inch minifl oppy disk dri ves and a 12-inch
green phosphor CRT.
Interesti ngly, the keyboard is a dual-mode unit. In one mode it
is a full ASC II keyboard. capable of generating the entire
96-character ASCII set. while in the other mode it is a pro-
gramming keyboard with one- key function for such BASIC
language programming commands as GET. PUT. GOSUB . CLOSE.
DIM. Those functions are spelled out on legend on the front of
the keys.
Mass storage is accompli shed via dual doubl e-sided. doubl e-
density minifloppy disks that are capable of stor ing up to 320K
per disk .
The CRT' s display is the industry-stand ard 80 co lumns
(characters) by 24 lines and the system is capable of displa ying
32 graphic characters and spec ial symbols.
Hewlett-Packard
Hewlett -Packard' s HP-87 personal computer becomes qui te a
powerful system in thi s price category. Like other personal
computers. this one has its ori gins in the sub-52500 categor y.
However. as it elimbs through the price spectrum its power
builds until it reaches $5 190.
At this price level. the system incl udes an 80-series 8-bit
proce ssor. alon g with the CP/M operating system. Thi s means
the user has acce ss to the wide variety of softwa re available that
runs under CP/M. while . at the same time. having access to
software which runs solely under Hewl ett -Packard ' sproprietary
operating system.
Thi s system has a total of 11 2K of system RAM. whi ch is
more than enough to allow thi s system to take advantage of the
full power and speed of both the 80-series CPU and the Z80 CPU
and CP/M. A tot al of 540K of mass storage is avai lable on two
double-densit y minifl oppy disks .
Vector Graphics
The Vector Graphics f 600 is another sys tem that makes its
first appearance in thi s price catego ry. At 55 195. this system
packs a great deal of power. For starters . this system uses a fa t
clock speed of 6 MHz to dri ve its eight-bit Z80CPU. Th is means
it can handle j ust about any task thrown at it with high speed.
When this is combined with the bank -switched 64K of standar d
RAM. you can see this sys tem has a great deal of capabili ty.
The reason that bank- witched memory is attrac tive is be-
cause the computer' s operating system is loaded into one bank of
memory. leaving the second bank of memor y nearly free for user
acces s. (Thi s reduc es the amount of di sk access time and allows
eo
(Xl
N
o
o
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o
CD
m
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HARDWARE( " ~
. &;.:
$4500.$6000 :6-
minifl opp y disks or eig ht-inch floppi es. The minifl oppies are
quad -density and are capable of up to 360K of storage per dri ve.
Standard RAM for thi s sys tem is 64K and it is capable of either
acting as a stand-alone computer or part of a computer network .
Thi s is a user-friend ly sys tem that pract ices what is call ed by
the company " Co mputamatics ." Under thi s sys tem. a series of
English language prompts and menu s. co mbined with function
keys. will guide the user through the sys tem's operation.
Tho se 16 function-keys are incl uded on the detachable 94-key
keyboard that also includes a numeric keypad . The system
inter faces with periphera ls via ei ther serial or parallel port s.
CMC International
CMC Internat ional Corp . ts Superi'ive is. in reality . based on
Intert ec Dat a Systems' Superli rain series menti oned previously.
In fact. it is the equivalent of the Superlsrain Sr. . whi ch incl udes
a single, quad-densit y Sif4- inch miniflop py for mass storage and
a Sif4-inch mini-Winches ter hard dri ve for another S megabytes
of storage. Th is comes standard in CMC's Superi/ive I.
Quasar Data Products
Micromainframes sys tems sti ll abou nd in this category realm
with the $469S Quasar Data Products QDP- IOO. This Z80-
dr iven. 4- MHz sys tem supports CP/M (multi-user) and will
support the Oasis operati ng sys tem (multi-use r, multi -tasking).
The standar d RAM for this sys tem is 64 K of bank- selectable
RAM . Thi s is included on a board wit h a second cloc k speed of S
MHz.
Since this is the heart of an expandable sys tem. there are two
serial and two parall el port s to interface with such user options as
the CRT or print er. St orage is via dual quad-densit y. Sif4-inch
minifloppy disks.
Altos Computers
One Altos ACS 8000-2 makes its debut in thi s category.
Although it is still a micromainframe sys tem-a standalone
system box with the user supp lying accessory expansion cards
and other peripheral s such as CRT's and print ers- when con-
figured wi th the Altos 1smart terminal. the cos t of this system is
$464S. In this conf iguration. the user has a full-fea tured. very
power ful sys tem.
Driven by an eight-bit Z80 CPU. this sys tem recogni zes the
industry-standard CP/M opera ting sys tem . Its standard RAM of
64K is capable of supporti ng not only that operating sys tem. but
also th e lan gu ages thi s system is capable of running-
FORTRAN-80. COBOL. PASCAL. APL. and PLII . Those are
high-level sys tems-oriented prog rammi ng languages and dis-
play the power of this sys tem.
This sys tem is capab le of I megabyte of storage via a pair of
single-si ded . double-density integral flopp y disks and it in-
ter faces with its per ipherals via ei ther a pair of full y im-
plemented. RS-232C serial ports or one prog rammable eight-bit
port .
The keyboard of the smart terminal linked to this sys tem is a
Zenith
Zenith has a new entry in this price category. its new 2-100.
another of the 16/8-bit dual-pro cessor personal co mputers now
appe aring on the market. It is also an all -in- one personal compu -
ter. The Heath Company will also be offe ring a kit versio n of thi s
computer.
Thi s new sys tem gives the use r the adva ntage of both eight-bit
and 16-bit power with an 808S eight- bit CP U and a 16-bit 8088.
The operating sys te ms to which the user has access arc CP/M
and Z-DOS. Thi s sys tem is compatible with the IBM' s PC-DOS
operating sys tem. In addition. the flopp y disk format is also
compatible with IBM' s format so that floppy disks co ntaining
software for the IBM computer will run di rec tly on the new
2-100 and thus providing access to the rapidl y expandi ng do-
main of IBM per sonal computer softwa re .
The under-$SOOO-pricing hadn't been es tablished at press
time-2-100 sys tem is full-fea tured. with 128K of standard
RAM . or more than enough for all but the most ambitious data
base mana gement or spreads hee t routines. This RAM is expand-
able to InK on the main processor board and will ex pand to
768K through the use of the built-in expansion slots in the
system area.
St andard mass sto rage is via dual quad-de nsity 320K built-i n
Sif4-inch minifloppy disks. Eight-inch floppie and a Winchester
hard -di sk dri ve wi th S mega bytes of storage wi ll be available as
options.
The sys tem offers two versions of BASI C-BASIC-8S and
Z-BASIC. The Z-BASIC is an enhanced versio n that incl udes
many color-graphic commands. The 108-key keyboard incl udes
13 user -definabl e spec ial-fu nction keys .
The standard mo noc hromatic screen is capable of the standard
80 x 24 dis play. while an optional color monitor is also ava il-
able. Th is system is capable of generati ng high-level color
graphics with a resolut ion of 22S lines x 640 dot s. It is also
capable of resolut ion of up to SOO lines . An RGB color signal is
available at the rear panel.
The 2- 100 is ca pable of both asynchronous and sync hronous (as
well as hal f- and full-du plex) communica tions and the sys tem
will interface with peripherals via eit her two serial ports or one
parallel port .
Billings
The $4700 Bill ings SOO-series is another new entry from the
Billing Computer Corp. This all-in-one sys tem is also equipped
wit h an eight-bit Z80 CPU. Mass storage is via ei ther Sif4- inch
print ing while the system is handling other funct ions.)
Th is sys tem operates under one of the later vers ions of CP/M .
version 2.S . 'Because it does. the user has access to the many
programs writt en for this nearl y uni versal operating sys tem. The
user also has access to such high-level programming languages
as a BASIC Compil er . which runs more qui ckl y than a BASIC
Interpret er progr am. FORTRAN. COBOL. Pasca l. RAID (a
program debugger ). Scope (a word processor) and BASI C 80.
As you can see . thi s system is equipped to handl e j ust about any
task a user may think up .
The key upgr ade in the Vector 2600 is the increase in the
amount of mass storage. Still residing on two Sif4-i nch mini -
floppy disks. mass storage now rises to 1.2 MB on 80- track dual
quad-densit y disks . Thi s amount of storage is ideal for business.
scientific or per sonal computer appli cati ons.
Equipped with a standard 72-key keyboard. thi s sys tem also
includes a 10-key numeric pad for rapid data entry. It inter faces
with peripherals via three parallel or one serial port. The l 2-inch
CRT is capable of the industr y standard 80 x 24 displ ay. Thi s
displ ay is bit -mapped which allows a user to have di rect access
to the di splay mem or y and allows the use of customized
graphics .
The Vect or 2600 is another of the all -in-one personal comput-
ers on the market. It includes the keyboard. CRT and sys tem box
in one terminal .
107
TABLE 10-$4500 + Disk
Wor d Operat ing
Altos ACS $4645 Z80 8 bits CPIM FORTRAN-80, APL,
Computers 8000-2 COBOL, Pascal,
2360 Bering Dr. PU1 , other CP/M
San Jose, CA 95131 compatible
' IBll ll ngS Compo
Billings $4700 Z80 8 bits proprietary NIA
Corp. 500
18600 E. 37th
Independence, MO
164057
Canon USA CX-1 $4995 6809 8 bits proprietary BASIC, assembler
One Canon Plaza COBOL
Lake Success, NY 11042
Hewlett-Packard HP-87 $5190 Z80 8 bits proprietary, CPIM BASIC,
1820 Embaradero Rd. CPIM compatible
Palo Alto, CA 94303
IBM IBM $5196 8088 16 DOS 1.1, CPIM BASIC, other
PO Box 1328 Personal bits (optional) CPIM compat ible
Boca Raton, FL Computer
33432
Imsai Computer PCS-4410 $5250 8085 8 bits IMDOS, BASIC, other
Div. Fischer- CP/M CPIM compati ble
Freitas Corp.
910 81st Ave.
Oakland, CA 94621
IMS Internat 'l 5000SX $5170 Z80A 8 bits CPIM, MPIM,
2800 Lockheed Way TurboDOS
Carson City, NV 79701
MIA COM 051 230C $4890 6502 8 bits OS-65 NIA
7 Oak Pk.
Bedford, MA 01730
Micro Computer Model III $5399 Z80 8 bits LOOS, DOS, TRDOS,
Technology NEWDOS 80
3304 W. MacArthur Blvd.
Santa Ana, CA
92704
I MlcroSource M6000P $4795 Z80 8 bits CP/M BASIC, UNIX
395 N. Clayton Rd.
New Lebanon,
' OH 45345
MicroTechnology MTU- 130-2D $4598 6501 8 bits CODOS BASIC, UCSD
Box 12106 Pascal
Raleigh, NC
27605
NEC Home Elec. PC-8001 $4814 uPD 780 c-1 8 bits proprietary BASIC, COBOL,
1401 W. Estes Ave. (Z80-like) FORTRAN, Pascal
Oak Grove, IL 60007
Tarrytown, NY
10591
Radio Shack TRS-80 $5798 MC68000 161 proprietaryl
One Tandy Center Model 8 bits TRSDOS
Fort Worth, TX 16
76102
Smoke Signal Chieftain $5229 6809 8 bits
Broadcasting 9524
31336 Via Colinas
Westlake Village, CA
91362
Systems Group System 2814 $5609 Z80 8 bits CP/M, MPIM,
1601 W. Orangewood Oasis
Orange, CA
92668
,-
Vector Graphic Vector $5195 Z80 8 bits CPIM BASIC, FORTRAN,
500 N. Ventu Pk. Rd. 2600 COBOL, Pascal,
Thousand Oaks, CA other CPIM
91320 compatibl e
en
Xerox 82011 $4895 Z80 8 bits CP/M CBASIC, MBASIC,
g 1341 Mockingbird La. COBOL, other CPIM
z
I Dallas, TX 75247 compat ible
0
a:
Zenith Data Z-89 $4890 Z80 8 bits HDOS, CPIM BASIC, FORTRAN,
~
Systems COBOL, UCSD p-
o
w 100 Milwaukee Ave. Pascal, CP/M
..J
w Glenview, IL 60025 compatible
0 Zenith Data Z-100 under 8088 16 MS-DOS, CP/M-86 BASIC
Ci
Systems $5000 bits
a:
108
Memory/Storage Expansion Keyboard 110 Display Comments
64K/dual S-inch 105 keys, serial, SO x 24 12-inch
disks-1MB S-special function parallel green display
64K/dual 5V4-inch serial, SO x 24 green
64K/dual 5V4-inch standard, serial, SO x 24 text,
floppy disks numeric keypad parallel 32 grpahic symbols
112K/dual 5V4-inch ZSO card
floppy disks added
256K/dual 5V4-inch other
floppy disks features
unchanged
64K/5V4-inch see PCS-42
floppy disk, 10 MB
hard disk
64K/dual 5'/4-inch
floppy disks
4SK/dual S-inch serial
floppy disks
4SK/5V4-inch 64 (32) x 16
floppy disks,
5.7 MB hard
disk
64K/dual 5V4-inch standard serial SO x 24 9-inch greendisplay
floppy disk, 5 MB
hard disk
SOK/dual S-inch MC6S000 card 96 keys, 2 serial, SO x 24 12-inch
floppy disks adds 2561<.. RAM Sprogrammable 1 parallel green display
160K/duaI 5V4-inch 84 keys serial, 80 x 24 text, 12-inch color
floppy disks parallel 160 x 100 graphics display
1601<.. dual 5' Inch 72 keys serial, .512 x 256 12-inch
floppy disks parallel graphics color
display
128K/dual 8-inch 76 key keypad, serial, 80 (40) x 24 12-inch
floppy disks special-function parallel greendisplay
keys
64K/dual 5V4-inch micro-
floppy disks mainframe
64K/dual-quad- 4 serial,
density floppy 2 parallel
disks
64K/ 72 keys, 3 serial, SO x 24 12-inch
dual 5V4-inch 10 key keypad 1 parallel display
floppy disks
64K/dual 8-inch 96 keys 2 serial, 80 x 24 12-inch
floppydisks 2 parallel display
48K/dual oua 84 keys, 3 serial, 80 x 24 integral 0
d ~ 1 1 Ity" II'''h 12 key keypad 1 parallel display
o
-l
floppy '.!Isk 0
OJ
m
108K/duaI5
1
/4-inch 108 keys, 13 serial, 80 x 24 text,
JJ
floppy disks special function, parallel 640 x 500 color graphics co
12-key keypad
co
I\)
109
(f)
o
z
o
a:
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o
W
--l
W
a
Ci
<
a:
110
l OS-key unit with eight function-keys. The display is a I:'! -inch
green phosphor CRT capabl e of generating the indu try-
standard 80 x 24 display.
Systems Group
Two computer systems similar to the Altos systemarc offered
by the Systems Group . the $3035 System 2812 and the 5.609
System2814 . Both computers contain an eight-bit Z80 CPUthat
i driven by a 4-MHz clock signal and both computers are
capable of operating under CP/M. MP/ 1 and Oa is. Two
single-sided. doubl e-density or double- sided . double-den ity
disks provide up to 1.2 megabytes of mass storage. This system
interfaces with peripheral s via either parallel or serial ports. In
such a system. the user provides the optional peripheral s.
Imsai
The same is true of the lrnsai series avail able at this price
level. These computers are micromainframes driven by 2-MHz
eight-bit 8080 CPU' s, the $4850 PCS-4450. the $5250 PCS-
44/0 and the $5750 PCS-4418. provide system upgrades over
the basic lrnsai systems. The key upgrades for the 4450 is the
addition of a 5-megabyte 51/ 4-inch Winchester hard disk. while
the 4410 upgrades with a 10-megabyt e Winchester hard disk.
The 4418 has a 51/ 4-inch. 18-megabyte Winchester drive.
M/A Com OSI
Another micromainframe system that also appears in this
price category is the M/A Com-OS[ 230ClO. Driven by a I
MHz. eight-bit 6502 CPU. this $4890 micromainframe compu-
ter is also the heart of a system. In the system box is 48K of RAM
and dual. single-density eight-inch floppy disks that are capable
of 275K of storage. The operating system is the company's
proprietary OS-65.
Radio-Shack
In this price category appears Radio-Shack with its Model l b,
the most powerfu l computer Radio-Shack has ever introduced.
This is another of the combination 16/8-bit systems that have
recently come onto the market. And. it seems that each one has a
different l6-bit CPU and a different eight -bit CPU.
Making early use of the 16-bit MC68000 CPU. Radio-
Shack' s Model 16. also uses an eight-bit Z80. Both are high-
speed processors with the 68000 running at 6 MHz and the Z80
running at 4 MHz.
As in other systems. the 8-bit processor-the Z80-handles
the "housekeeping " for the 16-bit CPU. These chores include
[/0 and this design permits the Model 16 to use much more
money and to process data at much higher speeds than other
eight-bit micros on the market.
This system comes with 128K of standard RAM that can be
expanded in 128K increments to 512K. and it is software com-
patible with the exi sting Model II system. This is especially
important for the Radio Shack Model II owner who may be
upgrading his system to the Model 16 and may have a sizeable
investment in a Model II software library.
Along with being software compatible with the Model II . the
Model 16 operating sy tern includes an editor/assembler soft-
ware package for assembly language program development.
The editor allows extensive and sophisticated editing techniques
and it is both line and character-oriented. The editor/assembler
package is supplied on the system disk and include. and editor.
micro-assembler. linking loader. cross-reference and bebugger.
The keyboard is a 76-key professional unit and includes a
numeric keypad. The display is a 12-inch standard green CRT
that is capable of the industry standard 80 x 24 or double-sized
40 x 24 lines. Mas storage is available on one or two built-in
quad-density eight-inch floppy disks. ln the one-disk version
with 1.2 megabytes of mass storage. the price is 4999 and in the
two-disk version. the price is $5798. Thi s system will interface
with periphera ls via a standard parallel port or two serial RS-
232C ports.
Other systems
Into thi price category also fall many other systems that reach
their fully configured state. For instance. the Heath-Zenith
2- 89' s price climbs to $4890 when it is equipped with dual
double-density 8-inch drives. It still retains its 48K of internal
RAM. However . when this system upgrades to 64K and be-
comes the 2-90. the price increase to $5 190. (A full description
of this sy tem was given earlier.)
When two 8-inch disks are added to the Xerox 820 ll. the
system's price rises to 54895. while when a :'i-megabyte 51/ 4-
ineh Winchester disk drive is added to the MicroSource
M6000P. the price rises to 4795 . (please refer to previous
description of these systems.)
Olivetti' s M- 20. the first system to make use of the 16-bit
Z800 I CPU. also reaches its nearly fully 55480 configured state
with the expansion of system RA 1from 128K to 160K. And. it
is even further expandable. This system includes dual quad-
density 51/4- inch minifloppy disks for mas storage . (Please refer
to the previous description of the basic system.)
The $4598 Micro'Tcchnolozv lv/ TU- 130-2D is the fully con-
figured systemwith the addition of 256Kof RAMand an 8-MHz
MC68000. 16-bit processor board. This gives this I-MHz. 6502
system IG/8-bit capability. However. it should be noted the
68000 must interface with the relatively slow 6502. so process-
ing time may be slowed.
Even Digital Equipment Corp. ha a sy tern upgrade in thi
price spectrum. the Professional Jit) . This is an upgrade of the
325 and adds an internal 51/4-i nch Winchester hard disk drive as
well as improved graphics.
In its fully configured state. the Commodore CBM 8032 . with
dual disk drive and a dot matrix printer costs $5040. as does the
CBM Sup erl' et SP9000 in the same configuration.
And even the Texas Instrument T1-99/4A top out at a price
of 55074 with two disk drives . 48Kof RAM. a printer and both
communication. voice and high-level video output. (Plea e
refer to the earlier descrip tions of these systcms.)
These aren' t all the ystcms available for under 56000. our
cutoff point. For instance. A. 8 . Dick' s Magnawriter is listed at
$5995 and it is driven by an eight-bit 8085 CPU. Then there' s
Alpha Microsystcrn' s personal. also driven by an IC68000
16-bit processor.
The Archives Inc. ' A/odell . driven by an eight-bit Z80A. is
priced at 5500. whi le the California Computer Systems' Svs-
rem 300-3- with rcrminal-i-costs $5450 . The 964 PIllS by
Columbia Data is also driven by a Z80A eight-bit CPU and
includes dual 51/4-inch minifloppy disk storage at $4995 The
Corvus' Concept-s-cuu: of the few MC68000 driven systems that
has 512K of RAM and 2.4 megabytes of mass storage on
quad-density eight-inch disks is bargai n priced at 55000. This is
also one of the most powerful per onal ystcms to date on the
market.
The Dynabyte model 5305-another micromainframe-is
priced at $5690 with two eight-inch double-density floppy disk
drives. The Fortune Systems' 32116. MC68000 16-bit CPU
system. is priced at $5995.
In its maximum configuration. the 18 1Personal Comput er,
is priced at $5 196. This price includes maximum RAi\1 expan-
sion to 256K and dual double-den sity minilloppie s.
Another system which reaches full power in thi. price range is
the 55170 IMS [nternational 5000SX with terminal. Another of
the Z80A-dr iven systems. this one includes dual 51/ 4-inch
minifloppies and 64K of RAM.
Micro Computer Technology Inc. takes the Radio Shack
Model III and increases the mass storage capaci ty by several
orders of magni tude. For $5399. a buyer gets the 48K Model Ill
and a 51/ 4-inch Winchester hard disk which yields 5.7 megabytes
of torage. Thi. is combi ned with a quad-den .ity 51/ .,-inch minif-
loppy.
In its maximum configuration. the IEC PC8001 reaches a
powerful level . For 548 14. the user get 160K of RAM. 320Kof
storage on dual. double-density 5
1
/4-inch minilloppies and the
high-resolution color monitor. R-E
JOSEF BERNARD
TECHNICAL EDITOR
8-bits
vs.
HARDWARE
8bits vs.16 bits
FIG. 1-LOGIC-HIGH BITS are traditi onally repre sented by " 1" s; logic
lows by " O"s. Binary numbers are read fr om right t o left ; the digit with t he
lowest value is at t he right.
i
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
The third bit would represent 2
2
or 4. and the fourth 2
3
or 8.
If we had a 4- bit number where all the bit s were " high"
(present). that number would be equal to 15. the sum of2u + 2'
+ 2
2
+ 2
3
. Of course . not all the bits have to be high. If bit-Z
were " low" (equa l to "zero"). the sum of the binary digits
would be 13. and so on.
In computers. and other logic ci rcuits. a . ' high" bit is usuall y
repr esent ed by an e lectrical value of close to five volts: a . ' low"
bit is close to zero volts. A microprocessor is set up to look for a
spec ific number of bit s. An eight-bit microprocessor will have
eight lines ava ilable for binary data. It will always look for eight
bits. arr anged side- by-side . If some of those bits arc zeroe s . it
will take that into acco unt and count only the "high" one s but.
nonetheless. it will still have to acco unt for all eight bit s. A
sixteen-bit microprocessor will always look for a string of six-
teen bit s.
YO U'VECERTAINLY READOR IIEARD OF 8- IlIT OR '6-Il ITCO!\ l P T-
ers. but what exactly do the terms mean? Let ' s start at the
beginning.
A bit . if you' re not already fami liar with its definiti on . stands
for a Binary digit , the presence or absence of an electrical signal
within a logic or computer circuit. and represe nts a "yes" or
" no. " "on" or " off. " " Iogic- L" or "Iogic-O" condition. By
itsel f. a bit can convey little information-it' s ei ther there or it
isn't . Collecti ons of bits. however. with the bit s lined upvsidc-
by-side." can do a lot more .
Two bits. in their various onloff combinations. can represent
four numbers: zero . one . two or three. Add another bit. and you
have eight di fferent combinations ava ilable to give you the
numbers zero through seve n. Eight bits will give you 256
possible combinations: sixtee n bits. 65.536 combinations.
Since each bit ca n represent only one of two values-zero or
one-we are restri cted to working with the numbers that can be
built using powers of t \l'O. That' s where the word "binary"
comes in-it refers to the two states that a bit can be in. If we
liked. we could consider each bit to have a value of ei ther zero or
two. and add them together in longer and longer strings to get the
values we needed. It makes a lot more sense . though . to allow
eac h bit-position to represent a power of two (sec Fig. I ). Thu s.
the first bit-positi on repr esent s ei ther zero or 2
u.
or I . The
second position woul d be 2' . or 2 (for now we ' ll ignore the cases
where no bit is present-that ' s always zero) .
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:0
IO-bits
The important thing to remember is that a microprocessor is
always lookin g out of a window that' s so- many-bits wide: an
eight-bit microprocessor will always look for the combined
value of eight bit s at once-whether they're high or low- and a
sixteen-bit one will do the same for a sixteen-bit word (a word is
a binary number made up of a fixed number of bits-that' s why
we speak of eight- or sixtee n-bit-word systems) .
To finish up this discussion of terminol ogy. a 4-bit word is
called a nybbl e, an 8-bit word a byte. and a l 6-bit word is.. .well
... a l6-bit. or double-byte. word .
Microprocessors and word-lengths
The first microprocessors. like the 4004. 4040 . and SCIMP
were 4-bit devices-not really useful for practical computing. In
fact. they were originall y designed for use in programmable
calculators .. .but for various reasons that plan was never com-
pleted. Some simple computers were built using them . but they
found their great est use in microprocessor -controll ed appli ances
and in other app lications that could benefit from a microp-
rocessor . but that required only a limit ed amount of " smarts."
The 4-bit devic es were qui ckly followed by much more soph-
isticated 8-bit microprocessor s such as the 8008 and 8080 (used
in such computers as the Altair and Imsai i and the 6800. which
was adopted by SWTP (Southwest Techni cal Products) and
Midwe st Scientific. amon g other s. A second generation of 8-bit
devices followed close on their heels: included in that group
were the 6502. used in the Apple /I and many Commodore
computers . and the Z80. used by-to name only one of many-
Radi o Shack' s TRS-80 .
Among the most popular microprocessors were the 8080 and
the Z80. and a powerful di sk operating-system. CPIM, which
was developed to run on systems using those microprocessor s.
gained popul arit y. (It is compatible with both microprocessors
becau se the Z80 "understands" all the instructi ons used bv the
8080 . The same holds for the 8085. an enhanced version a'f the
8080 .)
For a long time-as microcomputer histor y goes-those 8-bit
The latest upheaval in
the microcomputer revolution
is the introduction of 16-bit computers.
What makes them different,
and are they for you?
2 2
1
4
2
2
16 32
2
6
64
2
7
128
111
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112
microprocessor dominated the market. There were a couple of
16-bit CPU's (Central Processing Units-another term for
"microprocessor' .) around-Texas Instruments' TMS9900 and
Western Digital's WDl6--but they found limited use because
most microcomputers were set up to handle only 8-bit devices.
Then. in 1978. announcements were made of a number of
new 16-bit microprocessors-the 68000 from Motorola. the
Z8000 from Zilog and the 8086 (and later the 8088) from Intel.
Potential microcomputer owners began asking themselves
whether they shouldn't wait until computers using them became
available: after all. they would be much more powerful.
abit computers
As we mentioned earlier. computers using 8-bit micro-
processors turned out to dominate the market. The main reason
for that was that. as the microcomputer market wa exploding.
the most powerful CPU's were the 8-bit units-16-bitters were
still on the drawing board or in the testing rage.
Consequently. languages. operating systems. and programs
all were written using 8-bit words. A tremendous library of 8-bit
material grew up and. as time went on. the 8-bit languages and
programs became more and more sophisticated (a term frequent-
ly used in "computerese" to mean "complex and versatile").
and there arose a number of extremely useful programs (and
even more next-to-useless ones).
There are programs written for 8-bit computers that will do
almost anything you need your computer to help you with. (This
article was written on an 8-bit computer running a word-
processing program) . Some programs are more efficient than
others. but that is due mainly to the skill the programmer
applied to his work and. perhaps. to the languages in which they
were written.
If 8-bit software (programs) and hardware (computers) are
capable of so much. then. why then do we need 16-bit
machines?
a bits vs. 16 bits
Mainframe computers-the big ones-use word lengths of 16
bits. 32 bits. or greater and. we must admit. are more powerful
than our 8-bit micros. What makes them more powerful? There
are several factors.
The first is that while an 8-bit microproce sor can recognize a
maximumof 256 different instructions (they' re never all used-
the Z80. which probably has the most comprehensive
instruction-set. uses only 158). a 16-bit CPU can recognize over
65.000 instructions (also not all used). Many of the instructions
for 8-bit computers. though. require several 8-bit words. one
after the other. That requires the computer to go through several
cycles to perform a single operation.
In a l6-bit machine. multiple-byte instruction can be pre-
sented to the computer all at once. which means that several
time-consuming (even when you're working in microseconds-
millionths of a second-time continues to fly) instructions can
be swallowed all in one gulp. and the computing process
peeded up considerably .
At the other end of the microprocessor. where data is trans-
ferred to and from memory. again. a longer word length makes
for more efficiency. Possibly even more important is the fact
that. while 8-bit processors can directly addres 65.536 memory
locations. l6-bit processors can directly address millions of
memory location .
That means that. as programs become more complex. and
require more storage space for themselves and for the data they
process. a computer using a longer word-length can operate
more quickly. There's the real reason for interest in 16-bit
computers-speed!
To take advantage of the best of both worlds. a number of
recent eomputers contain both 8-bit and 16-bit microprocessors
(see Fig. 2). That generally means that they can run both "old"
(but valuable) programs written for 8-bit computers as well as
new 16-bit releases.
FIG. 2-A DUALPROCESSOR board , such as this one from CompuPro.
allows the use of both ablt and 16bit soft ware.
Do you need sixteen bits?
We always like to think that more or faster is better. The
Concorde will get us to London in less than half the time that it
would take on a 747. But is there any reason for most of us to pay
the price to save those extra few hours?
Similarly. eight bits are better than four and sixteen bits are
better than eight. But is that really the case? My 8-bit computer
can manipulate the words I am setting down more rapidly that I
can think of them or enter them from my keyboard. Do I need a
computer that will work still faster. even though I can't? The
answer is an obvious "no."
I don't even need a faster computer to run an action-game
program if my reflexes are slower than the computer's. What
good. then. i a faster computer? The first modem computer -
vintage World War 2-were created to calculate the the
trajectories of artillery fire. Obviously. the faster and more
accurately those could be determined. the better the results.
The performance of difficult and complex calculations. like
those just mentioned. or even of simple but repetitive ones. is
called number crunching, And number crunching is not res-
tricted to just military applications .
For example. there are programs for home or commercial usc
that require the solving of complex equations or the performance
of the same type of calculations over and over (like calculating
payroll deductions). Obviously. the faster the computer can
perform the task. the more work it can do in a given time-and
the sooner the results will be obtained. While that may not have a
great impact on your personal life. in business. time is money.
Also. very large numbers can be handled more easily and
accurately by a 16-bit machine than by an 8-bit one because of
the longer word-size.
Furthermore. since computers are frequently used tostore and
rearrange other types of data than number -mailing Ii t . for
example-the speed and efficiency that the 16-bit computers
provide make it possible for those lists to be searched through
and sorted faster.
(Consider the addition of just one name to a mailing list.
When it's added. everything else on the Ii t has to be moved to
make room for it. and. po ibly-if the program requires it-
rearranged. A 16-bit computer will perform a task uch as that
much more rapidly than an 8-bit one.)
High-resolution computer graphics are more and more in
demand. and the only way to generate them efficiently and
quickly is through the use of computer using longer word-
lengths and able to acces more memory more rapidly.
If your applications call for tasks where heavy number-
crunching (including that which has to be performed in
simulations-graphic and otherwise). complex data manipula-
tion. or a very high degree of accuracy are required. a 16-bit
computer could well be worth the investment. If. on the other
hand. you will be using your computer for less complicated jobs.
or if a few more seconds are not a critical factor for you. then a
good old. tried-and-true. 8-bitter is probably what you should be
looking for. As long as your computer can keep up with your
demands. there's no real need to look for a bigger one. R-E
"Gamesand LeisureTime
---- -
/'
/
;, SOFTWARE
Once you've balanced
your company's budget,
completed your design
project, and checked the late
stock-market prices, it's time
to give your computer-and
yourself-a break.
HERB FRIEDMAN
/
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,
\
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Games and //
leis_lIte_lime
WILLI AM F. BUCKLEY. JR. TIlE SYNDICAT ED COLUMNIST, PUB-
lisher , and TV personality. recently complained in his news-
paper column that he had never read a good reason for ownin g a
personal computer for the home-other than for playing games.
Actually, games are an import ant part of personal computing.
While I seriously doubt whether anyone ever spent seve ral
thousand dollars on a full-blown personal computer system j ust
to play games , the ability to play games is inherent in all
personal computers-so why not play them? There is nothin g
wrong with blasting a few Klingons after a three-hour stint
buildin g a VisiCalc or SuperCal c model of your company's
financial situation for the next thousand years. And there' s no
reason why the programmer working on a computer design for a
perpetu al-motion widget can't relax with a challenging game of
computer chess. or by zapping another hundred Klingons.
The truth is that personal-computer games arc so popul ar that
several manufacturers offer plug-in ROM (Read Onl y Memory)
game cartridges for their more-or-Iess-conventi onal computers:
that way . the engineer can switch from designing a missile
defense-system to zapping space invaders with the flick of the
wrist. and without waiting minutes or even just seconds for the
game to load from tape or di sk.
Some game history
The very first co mputer game I came across was supplied with
my Radio Shack TRS-80 Modell computer. It was a blackjack
game written in BAS IC, and typical of BASIC programs, it was
s-l-o-w. The program was supplied on a cassett e tape along with
a computer version of backgammon . It took almost a minut e to
load, assuming the level from the recorder was correct: actually,
it often took two or three tries to get a perfect load .
The program would deal a hand by having the CRT screen
s-l-o-w-I-y trace eac h card's rect angul ar outline on the screen,
and then identi fy the card with in the rect angle as "8 CLUBS,"
"KING HEARTS," and so on. Watchin g the computer play
blackjack was a new and exciting experien ce-the first hundred
times. Then the novelty wore off: after the initi al thrill of getting
the comput er to "do something useful " I would get restless
waiting for the di splay to create the cards-but that was a fault of
BASIC. the language used to write the program. Graphi cs
produced by interpreted BAS IC' s arc slow, and there' s no way
to get around the problem. (Compiled BASIC' s arc a lot faster.
but that ' s an entirely different subj ect .)
For the first few year s of personal-computer history. games
weren't much better than blackjack. The "biggies" were end-
less versions of nim, electronic dice . and a host of other math-
based programs you could just as easily write or type in your self
as purchase in prerecorded form, In fact , most of the earl y game
cassettes were nothing more than a collection of simple. math-
oriented BASIC programs that high school kids used to run on
their school' s time-sharing computers.
But things have chan ged . While simple games writt en in
BASIC are still sold , personal computers have available almost
every conceivable type of game , including some rather good
simulations of standard arcade games.
There arc auto races and galactic wars : baseball , football.
basketball, and other sports-and more galactic wars: superb
chess and checkers, and still more galactic wars: Pac Mail and
its innumerable imitators, and still more galactic wars: endle ss
versions of " Breakout , " and maze-type games: and-the latest
craze- the adventure games where the player must figure out a
means to bypass the dragons, spacemen. soldiers. creatures.
pits. poisons, and passions. in order to: a) find the treasure, b)
find the girl. c) just plain escape, d) do anything else he can
possibly imagine .
A var iety of games
There are "intell ectual " games wher e you can plan a new
world. " brain-teaser" or " brain-buster" games . and even com-
puter version s of Monopoly. including Monopoly-type games of
the "Wall Street wheel er-dealer" sort (complete with robbing
widows and orphans- j ust like real life): and of cour se. the very
popula r galactic- war games .
Whil e personal-computer versions of arcade games such as
Pac Man and Gal axian arc the hott est things going in games .
there arc high-resolution arcade- type games using col or that
have been written specifically for personal computers, such as
the Eliminator game for the Apple II. Eliminator. which is
typical of the latest personal-computer color arcade-type games ,
uses high-resolut ion graphics . and its characters and acti on arc
as detailed as you're likely to get from the arcade games at your
local video-game emporium.
o
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113
Of course. not all arcade-type games arc high resolution.
Radio Shack' computers. in particular. simply don't have in-
herent hi-res (high-resolution) capability. but they get along
quite nicely with a little less resolution by creating plenty of
exciting graphics. In particular. the Chess oftwarc for the Color
Computeruses color for added excitement. and the game itself is
rated by knowledgeable players to be superior in both action and
presentation 10 the chess games offered for usc with the home
videogamc console .
While we're on the subject of high-resolution graphic . the
new versions of blackjack give you a good idea of what you can
expect from current software . A few paragraphs back I referred
to the rectangles in "ancient" software that represented playing
cards with their values printed within them. Well, the new hi-res
versions of blackjack actually duplicate the playing cards you
might find in a realtime deck. ("Rcaltimc" is computerese for
TABLE 1-DIRECTORY OF INDEPENDENT GAME SOFTWARE SUPPLIERS
Game software is available from computer manufacturers, and in add it ion , from many
independent suppliers, such as the ones listed below.
AARDVARK SOFTWARE, INC.
783 N. Water Street
Milwaukee, WI 53202
ACCENT SOFTWARE
3750 Wright Blvd.
Palo Alto, CA 94306
ACORN SOFTWARE PRODUCTS
634 N. Carolina Ave. S.E.
Washington. DC 20003
ADVENTURE, INTERNATIONAL
507 East Street
Box 3435
Longwood, FL 32750
ALPHA PRODUCTS
79-04 Jamaica Ave.
Woodhaven, NY 11421
ALPHA QUEUE SYSTEMS
PO Box 20885
Dallas, TX 75220
ALTERNATE WORLD SIMULATIONS
PO Box 941
Milpitas, CA 95035
AMBER SOFTWARE
170 Parsippany Rd.
Parsippany, NY 07054
ARCADE PLUS
5276 Hollister Ave.
Santa Barbara, CA 93111
ARTWORX SOFTWARE CO.
150 N. Main Street
Fairport, NY 14450
ATKIN RESOURCES
1693 Merribee Way
Salt Lake City, UT 84121
AUTOMATED SIMULATIONS
1988 Leghorn
PO Box 4247
Mountain View, CA 94043
AVALON HILL GAME COMPANY
4517 Hartford Rd.
~ Baltimore, MD 21214
Z
g AVANT-GARDE CREATIONS
I- PO Box 30161
~ Eugene, OR 97403
-l
w
o BARCLAY BRIDGE, INC.
o 8 Bush Ave.
~ Port Chester, NY 10583
114
BARGAINBYTE
PO Box 23195
Harahan, LA 70183
BASICS AND BEYOND, INC.
Box 10
Amawalk, NY 10501
BERLINERSOFT
102 Jericho Turnpike
New Hyde Park, NY 11040
BIG FIVE SOFTWARE
14619 Victory Blvd. No. 1
Van Nuys, CA 91411
BRODERBUND SOFTWARE
2 Vista Wood Way
San Rafael, CA 94901
BUDGECO
428 Pala Ave.
Piedmont, CA 94611
BULLSEYE SOFTWARE
PO Drawer 7900
Incline Village, NV 89450
BUSINESS AND PLEASURE SOFT-
WARE
6011 San Felipe
Houston, TX 77057
BYTE-A-BIT COMPUTING CO.
PO Box D
Levittown, NY 11756
CAVALIER COMPUTER
PO Box 2032
Del Mar, CA 92014
CE SOFTWARE
801 73rd St.
Des Moines, IA 50312
THE CODE WORKS
PO Box 550
Goleta, CA 93116
COMPUGAMES
19 Booth Street
Enfield. CT 06082
COMPUTER CONSULTING
6723 E. 66th Place
Tulsa, OK 74133
COMPUTER LEARNING CONNECTION
One Boston Place
Boston, MA 02108
COMPUTERWARE
Box 668
1512 Encinitas Blvd.
Encinitas, CA 92024
COMPUTRONICS
50 N. Pascack Road
Spring Valley, NY 10977
COMTRONIC SYSTEMS
PO Box 3325
Kent, WA 98031
CONTINENTAL ADVENTURES
4975 Brookdale Street
Bloomfield Hills, MI 48013
THE CORNSOFT GROUP
6008 N. Keystone Ave.
Indianapolis, IN 46220
CREATIVE SOFTWARE
201 San Antonio Circle No. 270
CRYSTAL COMPUTER
17120 Monterey Road
Morgan Hill, CA 95037
CYBERTRONICS INTERNATIONAL
999 Mt. Kemble Ave.
Morristown, NJ 07960
DAKIN5 CORPORATION
PO Box 21187
Denver, CO 80221
DATAMOST
9748 Cozycroft Ave.
Chatsworth, CA 91311
DYNACOMP
1427 Monroe Ave.
Rochester, NY 14618
ECHELON
6513 Lankershim Blvd., No. 2212
N. Hollywood, CA 91606
EDU-WARE SERVICES, INC.
PO Box 22222
Agoura, CA 91301
EL COMP PUBLISHING
53 Redrock Lane
Pomona, CA 91766
EN-JOY COMPUTER PRODUCTS
PO Box 1535
Goleta, CA 93116
FANTASTIC SOFTWARE
PO Box 27734
Las Vegas, NV 89127
"the world as we know it." as opposed to "the world as
represented by a computer program.") Within the rectangle on
the screen i s a reasonable facsimile of actual cards: the queen of
diamonds will show the queen along with the diamond suite.
The same goes for the king and jack: while the ace of spades
would really look like an ace of spades. This enhances the
"playability" of the game.
The newer games. written specifically for personal cornput-
crs, arc often spectacular. with an almost artistic usc of color (for
color computers). Many arc licensed versions of arcade games .
and, as such. have a certain air of quality (and a price to match) .
On the other hand. many of the less expensive older games were
originally written for mainframe (giant-size) computers and
have been scaled down for personal computers. Many scaled-
down games arc strictly second-rate by my standards: others
might claim that they arc prime junk.
j
WILLIAM A. FINK
PO Box 5912
Lighthouse Point, FL 33074
FUTUREVIEW
PO Box 101
Joplin, MO 64802
GEBELLI SOFTWARE, INC.
1791 Tribure Road No. E1
Sacramento, CA 95815
HAYDEN
50 Essex Street
Rochelle Park, NJ 07662
HIGHLANDS COMPUTER
14422 S.E. 132nd
Renton, WA 98055
HORIZON SIMULATIONS
7561 Crater Lake Highway
White City, OR 97503
I.D.S.I.
PO Box 1658
Las Cruces, NM 88004
1MB
PO Box 289
Williamstown, MA 01267
INFOCOM, INC.
6 Faneuil Hall Marketplace
Boston, MA 02109
INSOFT
10175 Barbar Blvd., Suite 202B
Portland, OR 97219
INSTANT SOFTWARE
Peterborough, NH 03458
K-BYTE
1705 Austin
Troy, MI 48099
KRELL SOFTWARE
21 Millbrook Dr.
Stony Brook, NY 11790
MACROTRONICS, INC.
1124 N. Golden State Blvd.
Suite G
Turlock, CA 95308
M.A.C. SOFTWARE
PO Box 27
Chillicothe, OH 45601
MARK DATA PRODUCTS
23802 Barquilla
Mission Viejo, CA 92961
MED SYSTEMS SOFTWARE
PO Box 2674
Chapel Hill, NC 27514
MEGASOFT, INC.
31 East 31st Street
New York, NY 10016
MELBOURNE HOUSE SOFTWARE
6917 Valjean Ave.
Van Nuys, CA 91406
MERRY BEE COMMUNICATIONS
815 Crest Dr.
Omaha, NE 68046
METPHORIC ASSOCIATES
PO Box 6346
Pittsburgh, PA 15212
MICROLAB
2310 Skokie Valley Road
Highland Park, IL 60035
MUSE SOFTWARE
347 N. Charles Street
Baltimore, MD 21201
NELSON SOFTWARE SYSTEMS
PO Box 19096
Minneapolis, MN 55419
ON-LINE SYSTEMS
36575 Mudge Ranch Road
Coarsegold, CA 93614
ORION SOFTWARE
147 Main St.
Ossining , NY 10562
PICCADILLY SOFTWARE
89 Summit Ave.
Summit, NJ 07901
POWERSOFT, INC.
PO Box 157
Pitman, NJ 08701
QUALITY SOFTWARE
6660 Reseda Blvd., No. 105
Reseda, CA 91335
RAINBOW COMPUTING, INC.
9719 Reseda Blvd.
Northridge, CA 91324
RIVERBANK SOFTWARE INC.
Smith's Landing Road
PO Box 128
Denton, MD 21629
ROCKROY, INC.
7721 East Gray Road, Suite 103
Scottsdal e, AZ 85260
ROGO COMPUTER PRODUCTS
4752 DeBeers Drive
EI Paso, TX 79924
ROKLAN CORP.
10600 West Higgins Road
Rosemont, IL 60018
SENTINENT SOFTWARE
PO Box 4929
Aspen, CO 81612
SIRUS SOFTWARE, INC.
10364 Rockingham Drive
Sacramento, CA 95827
SIR-TECH SOFTWARE, INC.
6 Main Street
Ogdensburg, NY 13669
SOFT SECTOR MARKETING
6250 Middlebelt
Garden City, MI 48135
THE SOFTWARE EXCHANGE
6 South Street
Milford, NH 03055
SOFTWARE TOOLWORKS
14478 Glorietta Drive
Sherman Oaks, CA 91423
SPECTRAL ASSOCIATES
141 Harvard Ave.
Tacoma , WA 98466
SPECTRUM SOFTWARE
142 Carlow
Sunnyvale , CA 94087
STONEWARE MICROCOMPUTER
PRODUCTS
50 Belvedere Street
San Rafael , CA 94901
STRATEGIC SIMULATIONS
465 Fairchild Drive
Suite 108
SUB LOGIC COMMUNICATIONS
713 Edgebrook Drive
Champaign , IL 61820
SUPERIOR SOFTWARE, INC.
PO Box 11676
Kansas City, MO 64138
SYNERGISTIC SOFTWARE
5221 120th Ave. S.E.
Bellevue, WA 98006
VERSA COMPUTING, INC.
3541 Old Conejo Road, Suite 104
Newbury Park, CA 91320
VILLAGE SOFTWARE
31220 La Baya Drive, Suite 110
Westlake Village, CA 91362
VOYAGER SOFTWARE
PO Box 15-518
San Francisco, CA 94118
ZETA SYSTEMS INC.
1725 Adelaide Blvd.
Akron, OH 44305
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Game types
The really successful games-in the sense that they will keep
you interested-arc those specifically written for personal com-
puters. and not some scaled-down mainframe software that
someone wrote at a university umpty-ump years ago . The games
come in two principal types: the "thinking" game and the
"action" game .
An example of a "thinking" game is one of the many var-
iations on the "Star Trek" theme. where in order to fight the
Klingons you must keep track of your ship's propulsion energy.
its phasor (gun) energy. force shield energy. and-in some
versions-cven food for the crew.
Speaking of food. in "Hamrnurabi" you're the ruler of an
ancient kingdom that must ration grain to get the people through
a period of drought. You have to decide how much grain to
plant. how much to usc as food. and. you have to control the rat s
that can devour the grain you store . It's another excellent
"thinking" program that can keep your mind percolating. It's
probably good training if you ever become the despotic ruler of
some backward desert country.
"Adventure" games also provide food for thought. An in-
triguing variation on the "adventure" theme is Infocorns De-
adline, the first of a series to be marketed under the lnterlogic
name. that asks you to solve a murder my. tery . aturally you
have to ask questions and search for clues. but in addition you
receive a scaled folder with police reports. photographs. a
coroner's report. etc . That information is an integral part of the
game. and you probably won't be able to find out "whodunnit"
without it.
Depending on the program. the "thinkers" may have exten-
sive graphics. or no graphics at all. Radio Shack's version of
"Star Trek." called lnvusion Force (Fig. I) gives you a map of
an area out in space. while The Software Toolworks Airport.
for the Heath/Zenith computers. puts you in the position of an
air-traffic controller. displays the airways and beacons on the
screen. along with an ever-lengthening list of planes entering
and leaving your airspace.
The' 'action" games arc primarily arcade-type games. where
you must blast a series of space invaders. monsters. or planets
from the screen: race a car (or box) across a screen filled with
two-way traffic: demolish a wall of bricks. boxes. or whatever:
defend a city (another galactic war). or do just about anything
that will produce exploding colors and great sound effects . In
action games almost anything goes. If a Pac Man cats "energy
dots." a "Scarfman" will "scarf" energy food. (Docs that
sound familiar")
What to look for
One of the problems in selecting games i. the' 'comic book"
hype for the new action games . If you're old enough. you may
remember the combat -oriented men' s action magazines from the
1950's and early sixties . Their covers featured "boiler plate"
(every rivet showing) drawings of diving planes with machine
guns and cannons blazing. destroyers under kamikaze attack
with 40-mm ack-ack cannon blazing trails in the sky. and
marines storming some Pacific Ocean rock with names spouting
from the muzzles of their gun . . Well. the same type of artwork is
now used to sell personal-computer action . oftware .
But. while the illustrations in the old magazines had some
relation to real combat. you are simply not going to sec that kind
of stuff on your screen. Oh , there will be cute little shapes that
you can accept as basketball players dribbling down the court.
and other funny looking shapes that will charge the line in
z football. but don't expect a reasonable facsimili of Darth Vad -
cr' Death Star on the computer" screen-the screen can't
o duplicate the advertising artwork-yet!
Another thing the programs can't duplicate arc the scantily
w clad girls who look like Raqucl Welch in the movie One Million
o B.C . Oh yes. on the software packaging there's our girl in a
i5
<l: patch of fur from some intergalactic monster. and our muscular
a: hero is dressed in a slightly larger piece of thc same monster's
116
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INVASION FORCE Is Radio Shack 's version of Stsr Trek. This Is an ex-
ample of a thinking game rather than an " action" game. Notice the com-
plex ity of the screen display and the number of factors you must keep
track of to kill the Invadi ng Kllngon force.
fur. but that's about as far as it goes. You may never even sec the
characters on your computer screen . and if you do. they'Iljust be
peculiar litt le shapes.
Buying games
Whi le qui te a few computer games arc sold by mai l order. a
surprising number arc sold thro ugh local computer stores. There
arc several reasons for that. and you should consider them when
adding to your games-software co llection.
First off. unless you are already familiar with a game. you arc
buying a pig in a poke (whatever that means). The magazine ad
showing ome cute girl drapped over Mr. Musclebounds shoul-
der doesn' t insure a fun program. If you know the program-
say. your friend has a version for his co mputer-and you like it.
then you know what you'rc getting. But. if you know not hing
about the software. it may turn out that the drawing is the best
thing going for it.
ext. a good computer store offers you the opportunity to try
out an assortment of games before making the decision to buy .
Many of the really good game-software houses don't advertise:
they simply send their entire production to local stores . I once
watched seven people try Eliminator (a . 'shoot-'em-out-of-the-
skies" game) on an Apple II during a one-hour session and every
one of them purchased a copy at S30 apiece. I also saw the same
people reject several other game programs as "too simple." or
"not having enough action." or "too repetitive." You really
should try before you buy. especially when software starts to
cost more than a night on the town for two .
Finally. a few words about computer manufacturers' own
software . Game software is available on cassette tapes. on disks.
and in plug-in ROM modules . All low-cost computers can
accommodate game software supplied on cassette tape . If the
computer is also equipped with a disk system. disk-based games
can also be used . though much disk-type software is initially
supplied on cassette. with the changeover to disk made by the
user. Some of the low-cost computer. such as the VIC 20, Radio
Shack's Color Computer. and the Atari' have a socket for game
software avai lable on plug-in ROM cartridges. Frequently. the
plug-in modules are licensed versions of games specifically
modified for a particular computer. Virtually all of the low-cost
personal computers announced for future production also pro-
vide a special socket for the plug-in RO 'I modules.
Though most of the plug-in module software is presently
supplied by the computer manufacturer. a broad aftermarket is
fast developing for computers such as the VIC 20 and the
Atari 's. which arc often sold through appliance stores . It really
makes no difference who supplies the software as long as you
enjoy it. R-E
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CeramicDiskCapacitorKit. 50 WV. 20-pcs 7.95
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13 13SR-PWD
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FR35-SW Resistor Kit. tAWatt, 5% Carbon Film, 32-pieces 4.95
PTl-SW Power Transformer. PRI -117VAC. SEC-24VAC,
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and 1-5KAT w/Switch.
SS14-SW IC's 7-pcs. Diodes 4-pcs. Regulators 2-pcs
Heat Sink l-piece . . . . . . . 29.95
Electrolyt ic Capacitor Kit. 9-pieces. 5.95
Ceramic Disk Capacitor Kit. 50 W.V., 33-pieces .... 7.95
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11 l4-SW Coil Ki t. 18mhs 2-pieces, .22p.hs t -pece (prewound
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117
EIIIPIEITAID TRAIIIIB
10 OTHERSCHOOLCAl lATCH.
NTS TR INVITES YOU TO EXPLORE MICROCOMPUTERS,
At SYSTEMS MORE, WITH STATE-OF-THE-ART EOUIPMENT
YOU ASSEM A KEEl!
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Without question, microcomputers are the
state of the art in electronics. And NTS is the
onIy home study school that offers you
training for this booming field with a choice
of 3 production-model micro computers.
We'll explain the principles of trouble-
shooting and testing your microcomputer and,
best of all, we'll show you how to
program it to do what you want.
You'll use a digital multimeter, a
digital logic probe and other
sophisticated testing
gear to learn how to
localize problems
and solve
them.
We
believe
that training
on production-
model equipment,
rather than home-made learning devices,
makes home study more exciting and rele-
vant. That's why you'll find such gear in
most of NTS'selectronic programs.
For instance, to learn Color TV Ser-
vicing you'll build and keep the 25"
(diagonal) NTS/HEATH digital color TV
In Communications Electronics
you'll be able to assemble and keep
your own NTS/HEATH 2-meter FM
transceiver, plus test equipment.
But no matter which program you
choose, NTS's Project Method of instruction
helps you quickly acquire practical know-how.
Send for the full color catalog in the elec-
tronics area of your choice-discover all the
advantages of home study with NTS!
NTS also offers courses in Auto Mechanics,
Air Conditioning and Home Appliances. Check
card for more information.
~ . _ - - - .._-_._--_..__._--_. _-_.._----_.
o Check if interested in G.!. information.
o Check if interestedONLY in classroomtraining in Los Angeles.
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-..
Zip _
3. The NTS/Heath HN-89A Microcomputer
features f loppy disk storage, "smart" video
termin al, two Z80 microprocessors, wit h
32K RAM Memory, expandable to 64K on
board. 4. The NTS/Heath GR 2001 Digital
Color TV (25" diagonal) feat ures
special ized AGC-SYNC mut i ng, f i ltered
color and new sol id-state high voltage
t ripler recti f ier.
3.
Apt. City _
State _
Name Age _
Address _
NATIONAL TECHNICAL SCHOOLS
4000 South Figueroa Street . Dept. 206-102
Los Angeles. California 90037 .
Please rush FREE color catalog on course checked below
o MicroComputers/MicroProcessors 0 Auto Mechanics
o Communications Electronics 0 Air Conditioning
o Digi tal Electronics 0 Home Appliances
o Industrial Technology 0 Color TV servicing
TEC H N ICAL-TRA DE T R A I N IN G S INCE 1 9 0 5
R e s ide n t and Hom e -St udy Schools
4000 SO. FIGUEROA ST.. LOS ANGELES. CA. 90037
-=NATIONAL
nlE;TECHNICAL
1.1I;;I SCHOOLS
1. The NTS/Rockwell AIM 65
Dedicated Microcomputer A Single
board unit featuring on board
printer and display-4K RAM
(expandable). Applicat ion Functions:
Central processor- Controller/ Monitor-
Development System. 2. "The
NTS/SYM-1 Microcomputer" 6502
Based CPU-4K bytes ROM
(expandable)-lK RAM (expandable). 51
active I/O lines for versatile interfacing: disk
drives, ASCII key boards, cassette tape, etc.
Software for the Home
BACK IN TilE EARLY DAYS OF PERSONAL COMPUTING (A COUPl.E
of years ago) we frequently heard and read of how the new
computers would make our lives eas ier by lowering our energy
costs. keeping burglars out of our homes , insuri ng perfect rec-
ords for an IRS audit. and so on, It turned out. though. that there
was a larger and more lucrative market for busi ness-oriented
software than there was for software for personal usc. As a
result. somewhere along the line the "home and family" got
lost- at leas t as far as the major software suppliers were con-
cerned. Most of the home-and-family software that was avail-
able came from computer hobbyists. and consisted of spruced-
up edi tions of old games and various versions of checkbook-
balancing programs.
But while the busi ness-software industry grew. a quiet revo-
lution was taking place in software design specifically for the
home and fami ly. Imaginative programmers discovered there
was money to be made in software for the home. More impor-
tant. it was easier to sell far-out ideas for a modest price than to
compete head-on wi th the major software houses,
Today. home-and-family software is no longer another vcr-
sion of some card game. or a checkbook-balancer. or another
mai ling list. or text editor. or word processor. or a way to
convert the navy's recipe for 5000 portions of chipped-beef-on-
toas t to four family servings . Home-and- family software can
now teach office ski lls. overcome read ing disabilities. improve
SAT (Scho lastic Aptitude Test) scores. provide easy access (0
information sources, and ... well. the best way to illustrate the
revolution in home-and-family software is to show some prac-
tical examples. Bear in mind the fact that some of the home-and-
family software mentioned here may not be available for the
particular computer you own: but. as a general rule. similar
software is available for all popular personal computers.
Home-and-family software covers a very broad range of
en applications. So me-perhaps most-is inexpensive, light-
~ weight fluff that will make a routine task more fun, provide an
o evening's entertainment while it accomplishes a routine task , or
a:
t3 uses a new method to do an old chore. For example. there's a
~ program from Cottage Software that simply prints labels for
w cassettes . If you have a large cassette- library it's a great pro-
o gram . That type of software generally costs little more than
~ pocke t change , so don't expect to be overwhe lmed when you run
a: it.
122
Whether it's balancing your
checkbook, keeping track of
your coupons, or helping
yourchfidren learn, your
computer can be quite a
help around the house-if
you have the right software.
Here's a look at what's
available.
HERB FRIEDMAN
Improving reading skills
Other home-and-family software offerings arc real
heavyweights and arc priced accordingly: but they do something
important, something you usually ca n' t get done any other way
withi n the norma l constraints of your budget. time, or lifestyle.
For example , when I went to school a child who couldn' t learn to
read was considered a "dummy." or worse. Usually, he or she
was the butt of a teacher's insensitive remarks. Today, we
realize that many chi ldren who can't read suffer from the disabil-
ity known as dys lexia: they don't perceive letters and numerals.
or even whole words or phrases. the same way that you and I see
them. There were also the slow readers: I was one of them. I
simply did not sec multiple phrases and/or sentences: I had to
read everything two or three times to get an idea of what was
bei ng said. (Many years later. as an adu lt. I took a speed-reading
course. and, after a few sessions. was able to read and com-
prehend at normal speed.)
Today. we have the opportunity to nip that type of reading
problem in the bud. at an early age and right in the home. with a
program called Speedkead + from Optimized Systems Soft-
ware, Inc. Presently available for Apple and Atari computers.
the program teaches speed reading and comprehension by allow-
ing the user to program the phrasing. speed. and organization of
standard text on the computer's screen. As the user's ability
improves he or she can reduce the display time (flash rate) of
each phrase, group of phrases. or paragraph, restructure the
disp lay. or do whatever else is needed to push on to faster
reading and better comprehension. The program even comes
with "tests."
Whi le the program obviously isn't for everyone, consider
that. today. schools have reading specialists who have ways to
uncover reading programs at an early age. We no longer call the
child with a reading program a . 'dummy" and sit him or her in a
corner. Perhaps convenient. flexible, reading-practice with a
computer program in the home has greater value than the few
minutes a day the child might spend with a reading specia list in
the scool, Again, I'm not advocating that specific type of soft-
ware for everyone with reading difficulties: but I think it's an
exce llent example of the quality and importance of much of the
home-and-fami ly software available today.
Obviously. home-and-fami ly software covers a rather broad
range of interests. As a general rule, the type of software we'll
would make it easier to find the actual record when it was
needed. Each time an item was entered into the inventory. its
sales slip would be given a purchase number. Assume. for
example. that your home was robbed an you lost a valuable
camera. When you ran the inventory program to find its value. it
might also show that the sales receipt was numbered 1364. If
you filed the sales slips in order-as you should have- it would
be easy to find the original sales slip for the insurancecompany.
The same applies to repairs. If your TV set broke down and
your warranty required you to present the sales slip to get it
fixed. it would be easier to locate a numbered sales slip than to
search through a stack of them going back several years.
Self improvement
Education is a category in which just about everyone has an
entry: unfortunately. much of what there is has little value. You
do not really need a computer to teach a four-year-old that if you
take two purple boxes from four purple boxes you arc left with
two purple boxes (but it looks good on a color computer).
When I think of euucational software I much prefer to think of
materials that will actively assist someone to pursue an interest
in a manner, or to a level. not normally available: or of software
that will train someone-such as a teenager. a housewife ready
to return to the work force. or a college student needing summer
employment-for tomorrow' s skills.
Today. most entry-level white-collar jobs require touch typ-
ing. College students, and others. stand a poor chance of finding
the sort of part-time or summer employment that used to be
called a "file clerk's job if they can't type. Computers make
fantastic typing teachers. Most typing programs flash a series of
letters on the screen which student must match in sequence by
typing on the keyboard. The computer keeps track of errors and
finger motion. and provides a readout of the student's "effective
speed" after the errors arc factored in. As the student pro-
gresses. the complexity of the exercises can be increased.
In the field of computer-aided instruction, or CA.!. as it is
more commonly called. the sky appears to be the limit on what ' s
offered for home-and-family use. But you must always ask
yourself: " Docs it really do anythingf or me?" Or. better still.
" Is this CA.!. program worth anything'? " There' s a lot of
worthless stuff around.
Consider for a moment learning a language by computer.
Why bother'? ln addition to the program. you will need an audio
cassette to teach pronunciation. And if there is nosuchtape. how
arc you supposed to learn pronunciation from the screen? (And.
indeed. there is a program teaching a foreign language-s-one of
the 1 ~ 1 0 ~ t difficult to learn-that has no accompanying pro-
nunciation tape.)
Then there arc programs that will translate a limited foreign- g
language vocabulary to English. Supposedly. that will teach you d
to read. if not speak. that language. What a waste of good ~
computer time! There's a 30-dollar handheld device that wiII do :xl
the same thing.. .for what it' s worth. ~
But don't get me wrong- there is good CA.!. for the home. I\)
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discuss either meets the criteria for reasonable performance
from a low-cost computer system. or unusual value (in some
areas) for the family. even if a full-blown. busine .s-typc system
is required.
Personal finance
Let' s start out with our old friend the checking-account pro-
gram. Early versions simply took the place of check stubs: you
could balance your monthly or quarterly bank statement. and
maybe " pull out" checks of a specific type. Modern checkbook
programs. such as Money Man ager from Acorn Products. keep
track of all your expenditures on a monthly basis. They can
" split" a check. or payments- for example. allocating $40.67
of a SI00 check to pay the phone company and the remaining
$59.33 for the supermarket. They can even take into account
automatic withdrawals (such as a monthly mortgage payment).
provide subtotals in various categories. allow you to extract
tax-deductableexpenditures. and provide formatted printouts by
category and date. While that may sound like a " business"
database. it' s not: it is intended for home-and-family expenses
and is easier to usc than a business-oriented program.
Many software houses provide checking-account software
similar to Acorn' s. but few that arc so extensive in coverage and
so easy to usc. One of the other . 'easy" horne money-managers
is Radio Shack' s Budget Management, it is somewhat different
in that it concentrates primarily on providing great detail about
exactly how your money was spent. Speaking from personal
experience . I was absolutely astounded to discover how
seemingly insignificant daily expenses can add up.
Other home-and-family money-manager programs arc those
such as Koupon Keeper from Kcnsoft, that keep track of the
cents-off and refund coupons you get in newspapers and junk
mail. The exact functions of those programs vary somewhat but
they all work in a similar manner to help you stretch the shop-
ping budget. Daily. weekly. or whenever you have time. you
enter the information fromthe cents-off and refund coupons into
the computer: their values. expiration dates. and most impor-
tant. the types of food or products they' re for. Before you go out
for the next big family shopping-expedition you enter your
shopping list in the computer. The program then compares your
coupons against your shopping list and lets you know what
coupons arc available for specific items or brands. For example.
if your list contains the entry "coffee." the computer will tell
you which brands you have coupons for. and how much of a
discount each offers: you thendecide which to usc. You can also
call for a listing of coupons for a specific brand. or for coupons
with a certain expiration date. If you're a dedicated coupon-
clipper the software can really help you save!
The cassette label-maker software fromCottage Software that
I mentioned earlier isn' t a money-saver but ~ i t ' s sure to be
valuable for someone. That one prints cassette labels. the kind
you stick to both sides of the cassette. It prints on labels supplied
on a tractor-feed paper carrier (a strip of paper with holes
punched on both sides) . [I' you have an extensive cassette collec-
tion you' d like to label in library style. or you're into making
recordings and copies for the local rock bands. or reading f(:r the
blind. or even distributing your own computer programs . It ' S a
great way to give your cassette tapes the " pro" look. as wcll as
putting a lot of data on the labels automatically. Unfortunatcly.
Cottage upplies only a sample strip of the labels with the
software; additional labels arc available from them.
Until they start itemizing their possessions. few people have
any idea of what they really own. or how much it's worth. A
home-and-family program that could help you if you were
burglarized is Hayden' s Personal Property Iuventorv, It docs
exactly what its name implies- it keeps a record of each item
you own with a descr iption. serial number. and value. While
you can keep all that information on paper. it' s much easier to
update alphabetically or chronologically if it's in the computer.
One modificat ion I'd like to sec in " personal inventory"
programs is the use of one of the fields to accommodate a
" purchase number " for the purchase receipt or sales slip. That
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TABLE 1-INDEPENDENT HOME AND FAMILY SOFTWARE SUPPLIERS
Home and family software is available from computer manufacturers, and also from many
independent suppliers such as the ones listed below.
ACORN SOFTWARE PRODUCTS COMMSOFT
DYNACOMP
INC.
665 Maybell Ave.
1427 Monroe Ave.
634 N. Carolina Ave. S.E. . Palo Alto, CA 94306
Rochester, NY 14618
Washington, DC 20003
COMPUMAX, INC.
EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES
ACTIVITY RESOURCES INC.
1937 Grand Ave.
PO Box 4875
PO Box 1139
PO Box 87
Hayward, CA 94540
Palo Alto, CA 94301 Baldwin, NY 11510
ADDISON-WESLEY PUBLISHING
COMPUTER-ADVANCED IDEAS,
EDUCATIONAL MICRO SYSTEMS
COMPANY
INC.
PO Box 471
2725 Sand Hill Road
1442A Walnut St.
Chester, NJ 07930
Menlo Park, CA 94025
Suite 341
Berkeley, CA 94709 EN-JOY COMPUTER PRODUCTS
ADVANCED OPERATING SYS-
PO Box 1535
TEMS
COMPUTER AIDED & MANAGED Goleta, CA 93116
450 St. John Road
INSTRUCTION
Michigan City, IN 46360
PO Box 2030 ENTELEK
Goleta, CA 93118 Ward-Whidden House
ADVENTURE INTERNATIONAL
The Hill
507 East Street
COMPUTER-ED PC Box 1303
Box 3435
1 Everett Rd. Portsmouth, NH 03801.
Longwood, FL 32750
Carmel, NY 10512
ETRONIX
APPLE-CATIONS
COMPUTER INFORMATION EX- 14803 NE 40th St.
21650 W. Eleven Mile Road
CHANGE Redmond, WA 98052
Suite 103
PO Box 159
Southfield, MI 48706
San Luis Rey, CA 92068 EZ SOFTWARE
PO Box 591
ARTWORX SOFTWARE CO.
COMPUTER LEARNING CONNEC
Novato, CA 94947
150 N. Main Street
TION
Fairport, NY 14450
One Boston Place
FUTUREVIEW
Boston, MA 02108
PO Box 101
AVANT-GARDE CREATIONS
Joplin, MO 64802
PO Box 30161 COMPUTER SHACK
Eugene, OR 97403 1691 Bason
GOOTH SOFTWARE
Pontiac, MI 48054
931 S. Bemiston
BARGAINBYTE
St. Louis, MO 63105
PO Box 23195 THE COMPUTERIZED SHOPPER
Harahan, LA 70183 3545 EI Camino Real
J.L. HAMMEn COMPANY, INC.
Palo Alto, CA 94306
Hammett PI.
BASICS AND BEYOND, INC.
PO Box 545
Box 10
COMPUTRONICS
Braintree, MA 02184
Amawalk, NY 10501
50 N. Pascack Rd.
HARTLEY SOFTWARE
BELL AND HOWELL
Spring Valley, NY 10977
PO Box 431
7100 N. McCormick Road
Dimondale, MI 48821
Chicago, IL 60645
COOK'S COMPUTER COMPANY
1905 Bailey Dr. HAYDEN
BLUEBIRD'S COMPUTER SOFT
Marshalltown, IA 50158 50 Essex St.
WARE
Rochelle Park, NJ 07662
2267 23rd Street
COnAGE SOFTWARE
Wyandotte, MI 48192
614 N. Harding HIGH TECHNOLOGY SOFTWARE
Wichita, KS 67208 PRODUCTS INC.
BRAIN BOX
PO Box 14665
601 W. 26th Street
CREATIVE COMPUTING 8001 N. Classen Blvd.
New York, NY 10003
39 E. Hanover Ave. Oklahoma City, OK 73113
Morris Plains, NJ 07950
BUSINESS AND PLEASURE SOFT
HOWE SOFTWARE
WARE
CREATIVE SOFTWARE 14 Lexington Rd.
6011 San Felipe
201 San Antonio Circle # 270 New York, NY 10956
Houston, TX 77057
INFORMATION UNLIMITED SOFT-
CALIFORNIA SOFTWARE
CYBERTRONICS INTERNATIONAL WARE
(J) PO Box 275
999 Mt. Kemble Ave. 281 Arlington Ave.
o
EI Cerrito, CA 94530
Morristown, NJ 07960 Berkely, CA 94707
Z
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DR. DALEY'S SOFTWARE
a: CLASS 1 SYSTEMS
INSTANT SOFTWARE
I-
17909 Maple St.
WaterSt.
Peterborough, NH 03458
o
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Lansing, IL 60438
Darby, MT 59829
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INTELLIGENT INVESTOR
0
COMMoDATA SYSTEMS
DRESEN ASSOCIATES 810 Camelview Plaza
0
PO Box 325
PO Box 248 6900 E. Camelback Rd.
<t:
a:
Milford, MI 48042
Dresen, ME 04342 Scottsdale, AZ 85251
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INTERNATIONAL SOFTWARE MERRY BEE COMMUNICATIONS
PRESCRIPTION LEARNING
MARKETING, LTD. 815 Crest Dr.
1301 S. Wabash Ave.
120 E. Washingt on St. Omaha, NE 68046
Chicago, IL 60605
Syracuse, NY 13202
META SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
PROGRAM DESIGN, INC. (POI)
INTERPRETIVE EDUCATION 4737 Trumb ull SE 11 Idar Court
2306 Winters Dr. Albuquerque, NM 87108
Greenwich, CT 06830
Kalamazoo, MI 49002
MICROGNOME
THE PROGRAMMER'S INSTITUTE
INVESTOR SOFTWARE 5843 Montgomery Rd.
PO Box 319 1
48 Iron Ship Plaza Elkridge, MD 21227
Chapel Hill, NC 27514
MICROLAB PROGRAMS FOR LEARNING
J & S SOFTWARE 2310 Skokie Valley Rd. PO Box 954
140 Reid Ave. Highland Park, IL 60035
Port Washington , NY 11050
MICRO LEARNINGWARE PROGRAM RESEARCH AND SOFT-
KATE'S KOMPUTERS PO Box 2134 WARE CORP.
PO Box 1675 N. Mankato, MN 5600 1 257 Central Park West
Sausalito, CA 94965 New York, NY 10024
MICROMATIC PROGRAMMING CO.
KENSOFT
PO Box 158
QUALITY EDUCATION DESIGN
2102 50th St.
Georgetown, CT 06829
PO Box 12486
Kenosha, WI 53140 Portland, OR 97212
MICRO POWER & LIGHT CO.
KRELL SOFTWARE
12820 Hillcrest Rd. , No. 224
QUALITY SOFTWARE
21 Millbrook Dr.
Dallas, TX 75230
6660 Reseda Blvd. No. 105
Stony Brook, NY 11790 Reseda, CA 92335
MONUMENT COMPUTER SERVICE
LEARNING TOOLS INC.
Village Data Center
RELL
4 Washburn PI.
PO Box 603
1145 Stanford Ave.
Brookline, MA 02146 Joshua Tree, CA 92252
Redondo Beach , CA 90278
LEVEL IV PRODUCTS INC.
MUSE SOFTWARE
RESOURCE SOFTWA R E I N-
347 N. Charl es St.
TERNATIONAL
32461 School Craft
Baltimor e, MD 21201
140 Sylvan Ave.
Livonia, MI 48150
Englewood Cliffs, NJ 07632
NATIONAL SOFTWARE MARKET-
THE LIBERTY SOFTWARE CO. ING
RIGHT ON PROGRAMS
635 Independence Ave. SE 4701 Mckinley St.
PO Box 977
Washington, DC 20003 Hollywood, FL 33021
Huntington, NY 11743
LIGHTNING SOFTWARE
OCO, INC.
SCOTT, FORESMAN & CO.
1001 J. Bridgeway, Suite 128
1900 East Lake Ave.
PO Box 11725
Sausalito, CA 94965
Glenview, IL 60025
Palo Alto, Ca 94306
LITTLE GENIUS
OPTIMIZED SYSTEMS SOFTWARE
SERENDIPITY SYSTEMS INC.
10379 Lansdale Ave.
34-38rd St.
Cupertino, CA 95014
225 Elmira Rd.
Jackson Heights, NY
Ithaca, NY 14850
L & S COMPUTERWARE
OPTIONS-SO
SILWA ENTERPRISES, INC.
1589 Fraser Dr.
PO Box 471
PO Box 400
Sunnyvale, CA 94087
Concord, MA 01742
Big Flats, NY 14814
MACROTRONICS, INC. OSBORNE/McGRAW-HILL SOFTBYTE COMPUTI NG
1125 N. Golden State Blvd.
630 Bancroft Way Box 217
Suite G
Berkeley, CA 94710 Wallingford, CT 06492
Turl ock, CA 95380
PCD SYSTEMS
THE SOFTWARE CONNECTION
MANHATTAN SOFTWARE
PO Box 143
10703 Meadowhil l Rd.
PO Box 1063
Pen Yan, NY 14527
Silver Spring, MD 20901
Woodland Hills, CA 91365
PEAR SYSTEMS CORP.
THE SOFTWARE EXCHANGE
MASTERWORKS SOFTWARE INC.
6 South St.
1823 W. Lomit a Blvd.
27 Briar Brae Rd.
Milford, NH 03055
Lomita, CA 90717
Stamford, CT 06903
SOFTWARE HOUSE INC.
MED SYSTEMS SOFTWARE POWERSOFT CORP.
695 East 1Oth North
PO Box 2674 PO Box 157
Logan, UT 84321
Chapel Hill, NC 27514 Pitman, NJ 0807 1
SOFTWARE RESOURCES, INC.
MENTOR SOFTWARE PRACTICAL PROGRAMS
286 Alewife Brook Pkwy .
0
Box 791 1104 Aspen Dr.
Suite 310
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Anoka,MN 55303 Toms River, NJ 78377
Cambridge, MA 02138 0
CD
m
MERCER SYSTEMS INC. PRENTICE HALL
SOLARTEK
:D
87 Scooter Lane Sylvan Ave.
PO Box 298
cD
Hicksville. NY 11801 Englewood Cliffs, NJ 07632
Guiderland, NY 12048
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SOUTHFORK SOFTWARE
68 Fairlake Dr.
Hattiesburg , MS 39401
SOUTHWEST EDPSYCHE SER-
VICES
PO Box 1870
Phoe nix, AZ 8500 1
SPECTRUM SOFTWARE
142 Carlow
Sunnyvale, CA 94087
STANDARD AND POORS CORP.
25 Broadway
New York, NY 10004
STEKETEE EDUCATIONAL SOFT-
WARE
4639 Spruce St.
Philadelphia, PA 19139
STERLI NG SWIFT PUBLISHING
CO.
1600 Fortview Rd.
Austin. TX 78704
STORYBOOKS OF THE FUTURE
527 41st Ave.
TARA
PO Box 118
Selden, NY11784
TERRAPIN, INC.
678 Massachusetts Ave.
Cambridge, MA 02139
T.H.E.S.I.S.
PO Box 147
Garden City, MI 48135
3 R SOFTWARE
PO Box 3115
Jamaica, NY 11431
TIME SHARE CORP.
Hanover, NH03755
TYC SOFTWARE
40 Stuyvesant Manor
Geneseo, NY 14454
TYCOM ASSOCIATES
63 Velma Ave.
Pittsfield, MA 01201
MAX ULE AND CO., INC.
6 E. 43rd St.
New York, NY 10017
UNICOM
297 Elmwood Ave.
Providence, RI 02907
VERSA COMPUTING, INC.
3541 Old Conejo Rd. Suite 104
Newbury Park, Ca 91320
WE SOFTWARE
800 Greenwich Dr.
Chico, CA 95926
WINDOW INC.
469 Pleasant St.
Watertown, MA 02172
XPS INC.
323 York Rd.
Carlisle, PA 17013
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For example. Atari has a lovely reading-comprehension pro-
gram for youngsters ages 8 and up. and nicely structured basic
and advanced vocabulary builders. If you have a youngster with
some reading and vocabulary problems in school a good. fun-
filled. home-and-family program can be a decided asset. It
works because the computer is doing what it docs best -
patiently repeating itself. over and over. without becoming
bored or tired. (Others besides Atari offer reading and vocab-
ulary builders. but some arc better than others . Take a look at the
software before you buy: make sure it's suitable for your child.)
As for unusual education. consider a map of the heavens.
There are probably ten programs that print a map of the U.S . and
ask the child to indicate the slate capitals. But what about the
budding astronomer in your family? For him or her. high adven-
ture might be a trip to the local planetarium: but imagine a
planetarium-actually a map of the heavens-on your home
computer! The Star Search Astronomy Guide from Softbytc
Computing will display a map of the overhead skies for north
and south of the equator. with double stars. galactic and plane t-
ary nebula. open and globular clusters. and the external ga laxies
all shown to scale according to their polar coordinates for any
14-hour period of any day in the year. The screen also displays a
lot of information such as the Messier number (if assigned) .
magnitude . right ascension. etc. It's pure gold to an amateur
astronomer. and it costs onlv 510 for the cassette version.
Speaking of gold. one of tile hot commercial databases is the
one supplied by Dow Jones for the profes -ion.lls who wheel and
deal in stocks and bonds. The problem for the amateur dabbler in
the market is that the professional databases aren't cheap.
There's lots of home-and-family software around. though. spe-
cifically intended for those who think they can outperform the
professional money-managers . There' s software that lets you
create bar charts of trading prices on a daily. weekly. mon thly or
yearly basis. create comparison charts. and construct any model
that you think will outperform the Dow Jones averages. If you
have the time to fuss with those programs-meaning loading
them with data -you probably could play the market with some
reasonable degree of computer-aided expertise .
For those who don't \\ ant to develop new ways to gamble in
the uock market. but who own stocks and bonds. there arc
several programs-at least one for every model computer-that
simply keep track of your investments. income. sales. etc.
Recreational programs
Getting away from the serious end of personal computing for
the home and family . do you know who your ancestors arc. how
they interrelate. and where you and yours stand in the order of
things'! Wel l. a program such as Your Family Tree from Acorn
Soft ware traces you r ancestry. shows who is related to whom.
and might even show tha t you arc ninty-sixth in line to the
English throne. Nat ura lly. the more data you can locate and feed
into the program. the more de tai led the res ults wi ll be . Whi le the
family tree might not be your cu p of tea. there arc ma ny good
peopl e who ge t a lot of pleasure out of discoveri ng who married
whom-and who di dn' t.
And whe n you fi nally assemble the living me mbers of the
fami ly tree and get them together for a fami ly blow-out. how
will you fare when you serve the libati ons-otherwise known as
drinks? Arc you the type who serves whiskey sours in a wine
glass? Do your pina coladas look more like bra ndy alexander?
If you want to make like a pro ba rtender at the fami ly feast. but
can't tell a cocktai l glass from a wi ne decanter. there' s a pro-
gram especially for you called Bart ender, from En- Joy Compu-
ter Products that lists 84 differ ent drinks . It tell s you the reci pe
and gives a graphic dis play of the correct glass to serve it in. You
can ei ther run through the enti re list alphabet ically to learn the
craft. or ca ll up a specific dri nk. It sure makes for great co n-
versat ion to have your compu ter on the bar and let the guests
watch you prepare drinks accordi ng to its inst ruct ions .
Got a ye n to make like the folks who created the computer
grpahic in TRON ? Sketch-80 from quality Software wi ll let you
draw figures on the computer screen . move them around. en-
large and shrink them. In short . you enter the world of computer
art . Who knows: the next ca ll from Holl ywood might be for you .
Arc you a coach in Li ttle League or Midget football . or do you
help run the PAL (Police Ath letic League) basketball program'?
Your local computer shop wi ll probably have a good ly assort-
men t of computer scori ng-sys tems that wi ll det ermine eac h
player's performance for various ski lls for each ga me . or cumu-
lativel y for all games played. It' s a heck of a way to run a kids'
team. but if you 're one of those coaches out to win at any cos t.
there ' a team-performance program j ust made for you .
As you can sec. there' s home-and-family soft ware for j ust
about any application. and at just about ever y intellectual level.
We 'vc only looked at the tip of the iceber g to give you an ide a of
the large ubjcct-rangc ava ilable for personal computers .
While not every program we ' vc mentioned is available for
every personal computer. as we stated way back at the beginn-
ing. there is similar software for the most popular models. Write
to the companies mentioned here and in Table I. read the ads .
and-of cou rse-s-check with your local computer store to sec
what they have or can get for you . R-E
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HERB FRIEDMAN
Hook your computer into
a vast network of
resources and information.
AI/ you need is a modem,
software, and a telephone
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IN THE EARLY DAYS OF COMPUTING THERE WAS NO SUCH THING
as a personal computer. There were mainfr ame computers and
minicomputers, which were sort of scaled-down mainframes.
Users generally accessed the computers through terminals that
consisted of esse ntially two devices in a common cabinet: a
keyboard that sent signals entered by the user to the computer,
and a display that displayed the information the computer sent
back to the user. Depending on the particul ar terminal , the
display generated ei ther a ' hard copy," meaning it was printed
on paper. or a "soft copy," meaning it was displayed on a CRT
screen.
If the terminal was located close to the computer, it was
usually directly connected through wires . If the terminal was
remote from the computer , it was normall y connected through
some form of telephone ci rcuit-either a dedicated high-speed
line, or the slowe r (usually 110 to 300 baud) voice-grade di al-up
telephone system.
Naturally, if one can feed information in and out of a compu-
ter through a termi nal, it's almost as easy to have computers talk
to each other, passi ng data back and forth even when no one is
around. Any of the mainframe computers can be instructed to
automat ically dial-up or interconnect with another computer to
swap data .
The terminal system was adequate for many, many years ,
particularly for "time-shari ng" systems. In time-sharing, the
computer automatica lly samples the input from many terminals,
all feeding in at the same time. It samples infor mation in the
correct order, maintains the input/output from each terminal
independently, and automatica lly holds up input from the ter-
minals if necessary; in effect, time-sharing makes it appear as if
each terminal user is the only one usi ng the computer. Another
feature of time sharing systems is that they usually provide
access to several programmi ng languages, data storage and
processing. and special ervice . The system works well, except
for the fact that the printers and all other per ipherals are usually
located at the computer , miles away from the terminal.
Now, thanks to the per sonal com puter. all of that has
changed. The user can have everyt hing at his or her fingertips:
tape or disk storage, printers, card readers, and the like. He or
she also can use many programming languages, including ex-
tended MicroSoft BASIC, a powerful high-level language.
Even somewhat decent versions of Fortra n, Cobol, and Pascal
are avai lable for personal computers .
Personal computers do have one major limitati on, however:
They can not access the major databases. or soft ware written for
other machines . very easily. For example, if your friend on the
other side of town has written exac tly the software you need to
run your bowling league, but his version is written for a Com-
modore or Atari computer and you have an Apple. there' s no
way you can run his software di rectly, even if he gives you a
copy of his disk or tape .
Then again. there are many people writing good software they
are willing to share at little or no charge if you can access their
computer through a CBB (Community Bull etin Board). That , in
its most basic form, is simp ly a personal computer that can be
accessed by anyone by simply placing a telephone call. There
are also commerc ial databases , such as The Source and Com-
puserve Information Service. which provide various services .
including stock data. newspaper and magazine articles, forums
for computer user groups-the list is almost endless. All of that.
and more , can be accessed directly by a personal computer, if
the computer could be made to "think" that it is a terminal , That
is easy enough to do beca use there is softwa re for that purpose
avai lable for virtua lly any personal computer. Some can even be
obtained from CBB's or user groups . again at little or no cost;
we' ll look at the commercially avai lable terminal programs later
in this article .
Before we confuse the subj ect. let's take time out to explain
the difference betwee n a termi nal and something cal led a
" host. " A host i simply the computer that is accessed by a
terminal or another computer. In our example of the early
mainframe comput er and time-shari ng systems. the computer
was the host.
Ther e wa no problem here because it was the only host. But
personal computers are something else. Load one with one type
of oftware and it erves as a terminal . Use other software and it
serves as a host to which other terminals or computers can be
connected. For example, assume you have created a database of
all the articles in Radio- Electronics for the pa t 20 years . Your
buddy on the other side of town wants to locate an article on the
invention of the transistor. If he programs his Commodore
computer to function as a terminal, and you have programmed
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your computer to serve as a host (sometimes it doesn't even need
a special program). he can dial your phone. your computer will
answer and download the dat a from your Radio-El ectronics
database-s-your computer serves as the host. Got the picture '?If
not. read it agai n because it' s important if you 're to under stand
the rest of this article .
When computers talk to each other or to terminal s. that is
called telecommunications. and all that is ever meant when
someone refer s to " personal computer telecommunicati ons" is
that a personal computer i being used to exchange data or
software with another computer or terminal.
Modems
Two things make personal computer telecommunications
possible : the modem and the software. The term modem is an
acronym derived from MOdulatorlDEModulator. It' s a device
that convert s the electrical signals of a computer to audio signals
that can be transmitted over the telephone line .
For personal computers. modems are usually Bell-I 03 com-
patible. meaning they're compatible with the type-I 03 modem
used to transmit data at up to 300 baud over the voice-grade
telephone system. (For commercial use. especially when the
computers are mainframes. there are modems that can transmit
at 9600 baud. but those require the use of a special dedicated
telephone hook-up. )
Modem technology was originally developed for use with
mainframe computers and the technical terms used to describe
modem operation are left over from those days . Since the access
to the computer originated at the terminal. the modem used at the
termi nal was called an originate modem. transmi tting to the
computer on 1270 and 1070 Hz and receiving from the computer
on 2225 and 2025 Hz. Since the computer answered the ter-
minal. the modem used at the computer-s-or host-s-end of the
circuit was call ed an answer modem: it transmit s on 2225 and
2025 Hz and recei ves on 1270 and 1070 Hz. the exact reverse of
the answer modem. For many years the onl y modem commonly
avai lable to users of personal computers were or iginate- only.
because "home" computers only served as terminals. With few
exceptions. there was very little thoug ht given to providin g a
way for personal computers to "converse" with other personal
computers .
But the modem user of persona l computers finds there is often
a need for his computer to converse with another. such as when
swapping software or data . The way that is done is to provide
one terminal with an answer modem; it doesn't matter which
computer has the answer modem as long as the telecommunica-
tions circuit consi sts of one answer and at least one originate
modem. Because of the considerable interest that is deve loping
in telecommunications between personal computers. many low-
cost modems are now avail able with switch-selected or automa-
tic originate and answer operating modes . The user with the
double-function switch-selected modem flips the selector to the
opposite of that being used by the other computer. If it is an
automatic modem, it senses the freque ncies of the received tones
and automatically shifts to the requi red operating mode (origin-
ate or answer).
There are several types of modems available for personal
computers. with new ones seemingly appearing every month or
so. The most basic model s are the manually switched originate
and originate/an swer modems. Personal -computer modems
have an RS-232 input/output. (Commercial modems can also
include a 20 rnA current drive, or TTL. or whatever: but mod-
ems for personal computer use alway s have. at the very least, an
en RS-232 I/O. )
~ If the computer doesn't have an RS-232 interface it must be
o added to the computer. For example. the RS-232 interface is
a:
I- optional on the Radio Shack TRS- 80 Model I and Model 11/
~ computers. Commodore computers require a pecial interface to
u:J covert their IEEE-488 110 to RS-232. In addition. there are two
o ver y popular non -RS-232 modems . One is from the Mi-
~ croperipheral Corp.: it connects direct ly to the TRS-80 Model l
a: keyboard . eliminating the expense of the expansion and RS-232
128
TABLE 1-UNITERM COMMAND LISTING
A - ACTIVATE AUTO BUFFER OPEN/CLOSE FEATURE
B - LOAD AND SAVE BINARY FILES
C - CLOSE BUFFER
D - DISPLAY OR PRINT BUFFER
E - EXIT TO DOS
H - SELECT HALF OR FULL DUPLEX
I - DEFINE INITIALIZATION PARAMETERS
L - LOAD ASCII FILE TO BUFFER
M - CHANGE MODEM PARAMETERS
o - OPEN AND ZERO BUFFER
P - TRANSMIT BUFFER IN PROMPT FORM
R - TRANSMIT BUFFER WITH AUTO
OPEN/CLOSE BUFFER CODES
S - SAVE BUFFER IN ASCII FORMAT
T - TRANSMIT BUFFER (NORMAL)
W - SET SCREEN WIDTH
X - TYPE TO BUFFER
interfaces. Another variation is the D.C. Hayes Micromodem Il
modem for the Apple computer. It plugs directly into one of the
slots in the Apple computer and does not require an RS-232 I/O.
There are modems that automatically dial a telephone number
from a disk directory, or from the computer keyboard. and
mode ls that automatically answer the telephone and connect the
computer when a "carrier" tone from another is received . But
all that is a subject for another time , so let' s move along to using
the modems for telecommunications, and the special software
necessary.
TERMINAL OR
PERSONAL COMPUTER IN
TERMINALMOOE
COMPUTER
COMPUTERECHO
TOOISPLAY
KEYBOAROSIGNAL
TOCOMPUTER
FIG. 1-INFULL DUPLEX operation, the keyboard sends acharacter t o the
computer and the computer " echoes" the char act er back to the di splay.
The standard modem circuit used for terminals. and personal
computers func.tioni ng as termi nals, is . ' full duplex". meanin g
that the terminal functions as a separate keyboard and display. as
shown in Figure I . The keyboard transmit s a character to the
computer. The computer echoes the character back to the dis-
play. confirming that the transmission is corr ect. If the character
displayed doesn't match what was sent to the computer, the user
knows that he has big problems somewhere in the circuit. The
echo is usua lly instantaneous, and it is often assumed by new-
comers to personal computing that the display shows what the
keyboard is sending. Not true. It shows what the computer
assume s it has received; it' s confirmation from the computer.
Some modems can also operate in what is called half-dupl ex.
which has two operating modes. Generally. the display shows
what is sent by the keyboard and then the echo from the compu-
ter. For example. the transmi ssion HELP would appear in half-
duplex as HHEELLPP. Some so-called half-dupl ex modems
actuall y cancel the echo. displaying only the keyboard entry.
HELP would appear as' HELP: it looks correct but it is not a
computer confirmation. Whil e that system has its applicat ions.
it is not particularl y good for use with per onal computers.
Terminal software
None of the popular personal computers can operate directl y
as a terminal. At the very least they requi re some " terminal"
software. if not some special hardware in addition to the modem
itself. Selecting the appropri ate terminal software is import ant.
as it is the software that determines how much flexibility you can
get from your personal computer.
The terminal software is of two varieties: dumb and smart. A
dumb terminal is the functional equivalent of the basic terminal
consisting of the keyboard and the display. Your computer
might have four disk drives. and many-thousand bytes of mem-
ory. but if it (unctions as a dumb terminal all you can use is the
keyboard and the display. Smart terminals. depending on the
particular software. can use the disk and tape storage systems as
well as all memory and external peripherals. They also can
exchange software with other computers. and some even auto-
matically convert the peculiarities of one computer system for
another. For example, most personal-computer terminals output
data in ASCII. but mainframes often use EBCDIC (Extended
Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code) . If your personal
computer is "talking" to a mainframe. the proper software will
convert the incoming EBCD IC code to ASCII. and the outgoing
ASCII to EBCDIC. Or. it can automatically correct for whatever
the user wants. substituting different characters for standard
codes.
The exact terminal features provided by your personal com-
puter will depend on the type of terminal software you purchase.
and its price. As a general rule. the more you pay the more you
get. For example. the original terminal software for the TRS-80
was very basic. providing the standard full duplex configuration
but leaving a few non-standard codes in place of standard ASCII
characters . On the other hand. The Microperipheral Corpora-
tion's basic TRS-80 software. which is supplied with their mod-
ems for the TRS-80 computer. provides the special ASC II sym-
bols required by some time-sharing services that are not inherent
in the TRS-80; and the software provides a notable "extra"
feature-a screen print feature that allows whatever is displayed
on the screen to be printed (provided. of course. that you have a
printer) .
To use all the capabilities of your personal computer for
telecommunciations you need smart terminal software. and here
the sky's the limit as to functions and price . On the surface it
seems that every software writer has his own idea of what is
important and desirable. Some inexpensive smart software pro-
vides the most commonly desired features. has but a few com-
mands. and is extremely easy to use. Other smart terminal
programs are loaded with every conceivable feature. and are so
difficult to use that the casual user must often make frequent
references to the documentation in order to perform what should
be an insignificant procedure.
How smart you want your computer to be. and the number of
desired functions. will determine the complexity of the particu-
lar software you need. For example. a universal terminal pro-
OMNITERM, from Lindbergh Systems, is a smart -terminal program that
displ ays the command list on your computer' s screen.
gram from BT Enterprises called Uniterm can automatically
configure itself for one of four possible computer/modem com-
binations . It can accommodate a variety of printers. be con-
figured in different "permanent" versions for various host
computers. and accommodate different screen widths. It can
also upload or download software in both ASCII and binary .
transmit automatic sign-on-messages. and-well. the list is
seemingly endless. because Unitermwas intended to accommo-
date almost every possible desired or necessary smart-terminal
procedure. It can even skip over the perforations on continuous-
form paper (tractor feed or web-mounted single sheets) used
with friction feed printers.
Documentation is notably good (not excellent-very little
software documentation can be accurately described as ex-
cellent). going into specific details on using several popular
brands of modems. One of the really nice features is that the
screen will display the command list. as shown in Table I.
which the user can access directly.
Another smart-terminal program that displays the command
list on the screen is Omniterm from Lindbergh Systems. lt has
many similar features and functions as Uniterm. A major differ-
ence is that Omniterm is very heavy into special character
configurations (conversions). It can be reconfigured to receive
and transmit virtually any deviation from standard ASCII. even
the complete code if necessary.
A much more basic smart-terminal program. also much less
TABLE 2-DIRECTORY OF INDEPENDENT MODEM MANUFACTURERS
In addition to computer manufacturers, modems are available from many independent manufacturers,
such as the ones listed below.
APF ELECTRONICS, INC.
1501 Broadway
NewYork, NY 10036
BIZCOMP
Box 7498
Menlo Park, CA94025
HAYES MICROCOMPUTER PRODUCTS
5385 Peachtree Corners East
Norcross, GA30092
LEXICON CORPORATION OF MIAMI
1541 NW 65th Avenue
Plantation, FL33313
LIVERMORE DATA SYSTEMS
2050 151st Place NE
Redmond, WA98952
THE MICROPERIPHERAL CORP.
2643 151st Place NE
Redmond, WA98052
MULTI-TECH SYSTEMS, INC.
82 Second Avenue SE
New Brighton, MN 55112
NOVATION
18664 Oxnard St.
Tarzana; CA91356
OMNITECH DATA
2405 South 20th St.
Phoenix, AZ85034
QUEST ELECTRONICS
P.O. Box 4430E
Santa Clara, CA 95054
RACAL-VADIC INC.
222 Caspian Drive
Sunnyvale, CA94086
TNW CORP.
3351 Hancock St.
San Diego, CA92110
US ROBOTICS
203 N. Wabash , Suite 718
Chicago, IL 60601
UNIVERSAL DATA SYSTEMS
5000 Bradford Drive
Huntsville, AL35805
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129
TABLE 3-INDEPENDENT TERMINAL SOFTWARE SUPPLIERS
In addition to computer manufacturers, terminal software is available from many independent suppliers,
such as the ones listed below.
ACE COMPUTER PRODUCTS
OF FLORIDA
1640 NW 3rd Street
Deerfield Beach, FL 33441
APPARAT, INC.
4401 S. Tarmarac Parkway
Denver, CO 80237
B.T. ENTERPRISES
171 Hawkins Road
Centereach, NY 11720
CAWTHON SCIENTIFIC GROUP
24224 Michigan Ave.
Dearborn, MI 48124
DYNACOMP, INC.
1427 Monroe Ave.
Rochester, NY 14618
EIGEN SYSTEMS
PO Box 10234
Austin, TX 78766
INSTANT SOFTWARE
Peterborough , NH 03458
MICROCOM
1400A Providence H'ighway
Norwood, MA 02062
MICROSTUF, INC.
1900 Leland Dr.
Suite 12
Marietta, GA 30067
MUMFORD MICRO SYSTEMS
Box 400-E
Summerland, CA 93067
NELSON SOFTWARE SYSTEMS
PO Box 19096
Minneapolis, MN 55419
SMALL BUSINESS SYSTEMS GROUP
6 Carlisle Road
Westford, MA 08166
SOUTHWESTERN DATA SYSTEMS
PO Box 582
Santee, CA 92071
VISICORP
2895 Zanker Road
San Jose, CA 95134
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130
expensive. is Telcom from Mumford Mi cro Systems- a nice
program to usc between two personal co mputers bec ause it has
progra mmable ee ho. will exc hange both ASC II and binary data .
and is fuss -free . It also has a very simple printer con trol that
print s both the incoming and outgoing characters. It has an
associated spooler that will store up to 256 characters if the
printer sho uld be slower than the information input to it. Unlike
the super-smart terminal programs that can redefine virtua lly
every code. Telcom provide s up to ten special charact ers and can
store eight custom messages. There is no on- screen command
dis play. but the doc umentation supplied wit h the program is
good.
A somewhat unusual smart-terminal program for per sonal
computers is the Heath/Zeni th CPS (Computerized Phone Sys-
tem) for their H8 and H89/Z89 co mputers . CPS is confi gured
specifically for use with CompuServe and other Heath/Zenith
computers. and it uses the special-fu nction keys found on the
H89/Z89 computer. It wi ll automatically log the u er on to
CompuServe at the touch of a single function key (though many
other smart term inals can be programmed to do the same thing).
It has the automatic protocols for tra nsmitting files (fro m disk)
through CompuServe ' Micronct , or another Heath /Zenith co m-
puter (or it will operate wi th no protocols). and it has most of the
other smart-terminal feature s such as a resetabl e clock and echo
(when serving as a hos t or for co mputer-to-computer com-
muni cat ion ).
One very nice featu re is that text can be saved in memory.
Everythi ng coming in ca n be saved in memor y automatically. as
it appears on the screen. or just selec ted porti ons can be saved by
turn ing the buffer on and off from the terminal' s keypad wi thout
enteri ng the command mode . A cou nt of avai lable bytes in the
buffe r is con tinuously displayed. Finall y. the memory can be
dumped to disk under a specific fi le name. to be pr inted or edited
at a future time . It' s all very si milar to what' s avai lable with
other smart-ter mi nal software. but what sets this software apart
is that it is considerably more co nven ient to usc: that is mainl y
because the operati ng func tio ns of the terminal' s spec ial-
function keys arc always di splayed in reverse vide o on the
bott om line.
One nota ble dif ference between CPS and ot her sma rt-
terminal software is that CPS can hand le data files only in ASCII
form: the presentl y ava ilable version doc s not accommodate the
transfer of binary files.
Virtuall y all other terminal software for personal com puting is
simi lar to those that we have alread y covered . It is logi cal to
assume. however. that many personal co mputers wi ll also be
used for business applications . and the casua l user in the home
might want or require acce ss to the Western Union Telex II
(TWX) network. For them. there is software such as TXL Telex
Link from the Cawthon Scientific Group. TXL allows the per-
sonal computer to function a an inte lligent telex station. repl ac-
ing the con venti onal paper-tape tele x machin e. With a paper-
tape telex machine. the outgoi ng me sage is fin punched on a
paper tape. whi ch allows correction of typing er rors. When the
tape is "perfect ". it is passed through a paper -tape reader that
transmi ts the message from the tape. With the TXL software. the
user prepares the message using a text editor : then TXL auto-
matically format the text for tele x and transmit s the file. Incom-
ing telex me sages are recei ved and displ ayed . the date and time
is added to them . and they are then writt en to disk storage .
Es entia lly. TXL is smart-terminal softwa re tailored for a specif-
ic ki nd of telecommunicat ions.
From one computer to another
Finally. let' s close with an unusual application of smart-
terminal software. I have seve ral di fferent personal co mputers at
the office. Oft en . I find that software I have written in BAS IC
for one computer might be bett er running on another sys tem. or a
department with a different computer asks for a co py. What I do
in that instance is to load one computer with elementary smart-
ter minal software.
The ot her co mputer is loaded with smart-terminal software
that per mits extensive reconfi guring of the ASC II code s. and it
is reconfigured for the first computer. For exa mple. when feed-
ing TRS-80 BAS IC programs to a Heath H89. The RS-232 I /0s
of the computers arc connected together with the . end and
recei ve connection at one co mputer rever sed. Press the butt ons
and the prog ram goes hassle- free from one system to another.
About the only remaining probl ems would be to clean up a few
syntax errors caused by the differ ent vers ions of BAS IC so that
the program runs correct ly.
That is exactl y the same procedure you would use to exc hange
programs between different co mputers via a tel ephone link: the
only major differen ce is that I have substituted a direct -wire
connection for the modem-based telecommunications ci rcuit.
Obviou Iy. a link bet ween different co mpu ters must be done in
ASCII: for per sonal co mputers. binar y files can be transmitted
only between the same type of co mputers . using smart-terminal
software that specifically allows binary upload and download of
the memory. R-E
-----
/
/
/ SOFTWARE
I
I
I
Dial-up //
Software Networks
--- --
I
/
!
I
I
The large databases offer a
vast array of information and
services, but j ust how useful
or necessary are they for the
personal computer user?
HERB FRIEDMAN
T ilE WORLI) AT YOI 'R COMMA I)! TOM1\IOROW' s NE WS TODAY!
Weather reports from around the world! Advice by experts on
everything-from what's new in electronics and photography to
advice to the lovelorn! Stock market information that will make
you an instant millionaire-assuming you started with 52 mil-
lion (that's a stock trader' s joke)! More information than was
stored in the legendary great library at Alexandria.
And where is this fountain of information? It is in the data-
bases of The Sour ce ( 1616 Anderson Road. McLean. VA
22I02) and the ContptrScrvc Information Service (5000 Arling-
ton Centre Blvd.. Columbus. OH43220)-at least that's what' s
implied by the claims made by both.
From humble begi nnings
CompuServe. which is owned by H & R Block (the tax
people). and The Source. now owned by Reader' s Digest. both
started out primarily as a way for computer hobbyist with
"home" computers to obtain mainframe computer services at
moderate cost. Thi s included better programming languages
(such as advanced version of BASIC. APL. FORTRAN. and
now Pascal). text editors. disk storage. and even printouts of
their work. (Remember. that was back in the days when a disk
system for per. onal computers was extremely rare. and printer.
cost almost as much as the cornputcr.) Both provided electronic
mail delivery between their subscribers. a national bulletin
board for users. and electronic versions of CB radio that memb-
ers could usc for "on air" (or is it " on computer'?") meetings of
user groups (The CompuServe Apple user group is one of the
most famous).
The original concept behind all of that was to sell the compu-
ter hobbyist- the forerunner of the per onal computerist-
mainframe computer time and data services at a very attractive
rate during time periods the computers normally weren' t used-
the off-peak per iods. The idea was to make the off-peak rate so
low that the typical hobbyist would be inclined to usc The
Source or CompirScrvc, thereby producing revenue from the
computers during those hours. But the personal computer
explosion- or revolution. depending how it appears to you-
almost instantly eliminated the appeal of programming on those
services: as a result. their primary use nowis as an "i nformation
database. " providing access to many varied information ser-
vices.
Both The Source and ComptrScrvc offer many similar in-
formation services: even their operating prices are simi lar after
the initial membership fcc. CompirScrvc is sold (at the time this
article was prepared) as part of Radio Shack's videotex package
for 529.95 or $ 19.95. depending on whether you usc a computer
as a smart terminal or arc using a dumb terminal. Standard
service i. billed at $5.00 per h o u r ~ o f connect time between 6 pm
and 5 am local time. Prime rime service from 8 am to 6 pill i
522.50 an hour. CompuSer ve assigns a local phone number for
you to use. If they don't have one in your area you must connect
through Tymnct: the surcharge for that is 52.00 per hour in the
contiguous 48 states. CompirScrvc membership includes 128K
of disk storage, with additional memory available for a small
charge. But. the storage must be accessed monthly: you can run
up chargesj ust to keep the disk storage active. Many services arc
free. though there arc surcharges for stock market quotes. a
computer buying service. billing details. etc. The monthly
charges can be billed to Visa. MastcrCard. or directly billed for
an extra $3.00 per statement surcharge.
Membership inThe Source. available through local computer
stores. costs 5 I00.00. Connect time charges arc 55.75 per hour
during the evening. weekdays and a few holidays. and $4.25 per
hour midnight to 7 am daily. Prime time (7 am to 6 pm) charges
arc S18.00 per hour. The special features that would usually
require selective surcharge ' (as with Compuficrvc). such as
stock quotes. legislative reports. and the like. arc rolled into a
basic package called SOURCE PLUS: that package has flat per
hour connect time fees of $ 15.00. $ 10.00. and $40.00 . corre-
sponding to the basic service hours. The user can purchase disk
storage at prices ranging from $.50 to $.05 per 2Kof memory.
o
~
OJ
m
::0
131
depending on the total order. (20K and more is S.05-per- 2Kl.
There arc . however. some additional small monthly charges for
account maintenance and for each connect . The Sot;rcc as;igns a
local access telephone number. usually through the Telcnet or
Tvrnnct systems. who se cost is included in the basic fees: there
is' no extl:a charge .
Is it for you?
Both The Source and CompuServe are jam-packed with data-
base services . Virtually anything you can imagine is available.
If you just can't wait to see the news headlines you can get them
through your computer: The Source has UPI. CompuServe has
AP. You can even read the syndicated features: The Source will
teil vou this Tucsdav what columnist Jack Anderson will say
next week. Need market information"! Both will give it to
you. Want to read what's new in anything"! Popular Science has
an information service on CompuServe . Looking for financial
aid for a college student"? Both services claim to provide the
information. The list of information thats available is almost
endless . Much of it comes from the information services of other
sources, such as the Nell ' York Times and other newspapers.
Value Line (for thc stock rnarkcts outlook) . Dittler Bros . . Inc.
(for night information). and so on . (There is generally a sur-
charge for finanical and legislative reports .) Both services fea-
ture an electronic shopping service called Comp-U-Star. which
sells goods at discount prices through the personal computer.
The co t is charged to your credit card. That also has a surcharge
in the form of a membership fee .
Another popular feature of those services is that you can plav

>oATA GAMBap
ADVENTURE-EXPLORE COLOSSAL CAVE (SUPER GAr-! ! !) PLAY AUVEIHUR
BACr.GAM:-lJN flLAY BACKliA!i-lJN
CASINO STYLE "1 1. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BLA. Ci.JACK
CIVIL WAR THE COMVUT[Il . PLAY CIVI L..., AR
CH[CI.: CHECKERS oATACHECK
COIN FLi PPI NG . COl t,
SHOOT CRAPS IlLAY CIlApS
STATISTICS CONCERN l ttG A iJARTICULAR DAT. "LAY DATES
TI C TAC TOE Itl SPAlHSH PLAY [S TIC
GET THE FARME R, FOX , CHICKEN, AND GRA H4 ACIWSS PLAY FARMER
r<lNOAY NIGHT FOOTBAl L PLAY FOOTBALL
GOLF FOR ONE OR tiJRE PLA'f[RS PLAY GOLF
GUESS THE COMPUTER 'S NUMBER IlLAY GUESS
MQRO GAIo', PLAY HAr lliAAN
Gl)VERN AIlCIENT SUMER I A PLAY HHI(ABI
HORSE RACE GAJo HORSE
IQ GAto' UF sr. ILL PLAY IOTEST
GOVERN THE I SLAND Of SETATS UET II-IU IlLAY t:HiG
LARGE GMo'.[ or GOLf PLAY LGOLF
LI FE (COLONY GE NERATIOlI) PLAY LI FE
LUHAR LA/WING SIMULATIOIL . . IJLAY LUNAIl
COMPAN IES COMPETE TO SELL A PRODUCT PLAY MAAKE T
MAS TERMI ND . PLAY MIN'll
ANC IEln GA"f: Of IHM . IJLAY
NI M _ IJLAY IlI Mi:'
CARE TO TRY YOUR LUCK ON THE SLOT AACHIHE? IlLAY UNlMt1
PICA-CENTRE GUESSING GAME) . flLM fll CA
A NEWAOVE NTURE GAME LAY - t ts
RAlmOH 1l0[TRY PLAY PUETfl.Y
POKER AGA I NST THE CUI'PUTER t' LA'f flOr.EIl
SCORE FOUR AGAINST TtlE COMI> UTER flLAr SCOfl. EHlUIl
RANDOMSHAK ESIlERI Atl SmmETS flLM
FILL IN THE MI SSI NG LETTERS PLAY SV[LL
STAR TREK (SUPER VE RSION! !!) fiLA'!' '"rilE.:
PLAY THE STUCK HARr.E T. "'LAl' SlUCKS
RULE ANCI ENT SUMERIA (A DI FFEREtl T OtlE} IlLAI' )UMEIl
TARGET PRACTI CE AS WE APONS OFFICER 0'1 THE TAHGT2
TI C lAC TOE fllAY Tl C1ACTOE
A REGULAR CAS II10 OF FIWM LAS VEGAS PLAY VEGAS
ROULEr FOR UP TO SEVEN "'EOPLE PLAY WH EEL
PATROL THE CI TY STREETS PLAY WATCHMAtt
HUNT THE 'UMPUS PLAY WU r-o.;lUS
H* GAI"( S LIRHAAy - ,m REQUIREU """
-
NOH :
FOR I NFORHATI Oti ON Arty GAM[ rYIl[. .. . .. . ItlFO (GAME NAME)
I . E., INFO AOVENrURE; TO VI EW A OE!"(JNSTR.A.TlUN UF CERTAlIj
OF THE M:)RE COMI"LEX GAMES, TYr'E DEMO (GAHENAME) .
GAMESOF EVERYDESCRIPTION are among the many serv ices available

on The Source and CompuServe. This li sti ng is fr om The Source.
games. orchatthrnugh the Cls -typc simulators. You can have an
entire lifetime of entertainment through The Source and Com-
puServe .
Now is all of that information and are all of those services
worthwhi le for the non-commercial user"? We uavc both a work -
out using the services that we thought might appeal to the
average home user of a personal computer: someone without a
business expense account to refund the charges incurred.
First off. getting anything is slow. Except for speci al locali -
ties and a substantial surcharge for 1200 baud service. both
services run at a top speed of 300 baud . That might sound fast if
you're trying to follow it on your screen. but it is deadl y slow.
Both systems come up on an initial menu that dire cts the user to a
particular area . In both sys tems the user can access a speci fic
subject through a sub -menu-usuall y a chain of sub-menus (I
have gone as high as five ). The user also can move dircctlv to the
desir;d page from the main menu ifhe is fami liar with the direct
access codes : those arc provided by both services. although it is
done a lot more clearly by The Source. I' m cer tain there IS
someone out there who remember s every page of both services
and can punch up anything in seconds . but there are so many
codes and so manv different access men us . that cvcrvthi nz IS
extra slow if you don't usc the services frequently . -
Also. the systems arc wordy. Almos t everythi ng is spe lled out
in great detail. and Co mpuServe goes in for a lot of dou ble
spacing and scroll pauses when the screen fills . It' s little bits and
pieces of time hut it adds up to big doll ars whe n spread out ove r
thousand s of users: it is also frus trating . Accessing Co mp-U-
Star to see what bargai ns might be available used up Ig minut es
of connect ti me. and that' s a lot of time and access charuc to sec
whats on " special sale . '
And when we finall y did get to the co mputerized buying
service. it left something to be desired . For example. we were
offered a well -known camera wi th a . ' stan dar d" lens. un-
specified electronic flash. gadget bag . and an unknown wide
angle lens. The lens co uld be the poli shed bottom of a mil kbottl e
for all we know. as no other inform at ion is provided . A si mi lar
offer was made for a Nikon EM camera: The standard package
3 OF CllJRS
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To Execut e: Il lAY ALACKJA(t:
All of vour- re s pons es s ho,Jlc1 hI' nunbe r s I n d yes/ no-type quest 10n
e re s r cn s e of ' 1' st cnt ti es ye s e no a '0 ' si qni fi e v no .
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The con r ut er wi l l s t e r t eec n nand hy nri nttno ' Wo\l ;( I{:. Typp t he JrJo,mt
VOIl wi sh to bot en t he next hdnrl . It you want to stno t he qaoe t ype
' 0' fo r ycv - veq e r , nr- dep re ss t he I:: ey at a ny t u-e .
>PLM BLACt-JACr.
YOll Me et 0<1(1<, wi t h " CO"I"lt(' r r n ,1 '1<11'1(' Of gJ,,lcI:JJcl-, . !Sot h you
dod t hp (1Ptl1('r t ry to cot tb n ';111'1 en you r cotrds av cl os e t o n <I'"
oos st ble Q01'lCl ove r (HllStl nq) . r ou wll l autoaa ticeil y lose 11
you hust . M, )ke ,I waqe r fo r edcn hdM it yo u want . Tile hones t oee I e r wl11
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A SAMPLE RUNof Bl ackjack, one of the many casino-s tyle games avail -
able on The Source.
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for fhe_Hom"e
computer user. Howabout The Source's airline schedules? I was
about to visit my family in Rochester and a schedule would help.
The schedule included cvcrvthina I wanted to knowabout all the
flights leaving New York 'for Rochestcr. except three things:
which flights had thc special discount fare (there most always is
one): what were the requirements for the discount. and which
flights had open scats. I had a beautiful print of the schedule and
no important information. Athree minute call directly to the 800
number of thc airline gave me all the information I needed free
(except for the price ot'thc toll-tree phone call). and in a lot Icss
timc then it took the computer. Maybe a businessman who flies
First Class on an expense account might be interested solely in
what time thc plane leaves. but as a family user I' m more
interested in the important things. likc what's thc cheapest way
to fly, and do my children get a discount. That information just
wasn't in the computer.
About this time mv son carne horne from school. announced
he was going on vacation and would buy a used car when hc got
to his What an opportunity to test computerized
classified ads. Since he was headed for Washington, DC, I
checked thc classified ads in the washington Post . Now that
worked j ust grcut. There I was in cw York checking out used
cars in Washington. DC- a perfect usc for a computerized
information service. I punched inthe type of car my son wanted,
howmuch hc had to spend. the equipment he wanted, and we got
a print of cars for him to inquire about when hc got to Washing-
ton. The svstcm workcd flawlcsslv and with virtuallv no tluff: it
wcnt righi into thc classified ads a minimum t;f unusuallv
clcar in; tructions-someoncdid a supcrbJob withthis database.
It was ccrtainly worth thc 1,00 or so in computcr time.
Flushcd with succcss I figured I"d try thc databasc on how to
purchasc a uscd car. It wa; full of the usual platitudcs wc'vc
heard for vcars: . . Havc an expert chcck the car. ., .. It" s somconc
c1sc 's prohlem," and j unk likc that. It was on such a low Icvcl I
kept expecting a rccommcndation to kick thc tires. Onc would
figurc that if it" s worthwhile putting thc information on a compu-
tcr therc' d bc somcthing ncwand substantial-but no such luck.
Another arca that valuablc whcn doing somc rcscarch
was thc Ncw YorkTimcs Consumcr Databasc (NYTCD). which
consists of abstracts from thc Nell' York Tillles and sixty othcr
publications. It"s undoubtedly valuable for business peoplc
wanting to do somc rescareh on a subicct. but it" s also for
or anyone else necding information. It" s
possiblc to pick up a story or and thcn trace it backwards
or forwards to scc how it dcvclopcd. That is anothcr no-fluff
databasc that gcts right into the mcat of things.
Quitc possibly. :-J YTCD is a prccursorof what to cxpect if
thc Encyclopedia Britannica or thc World Book EllcYc!0IJi'C/ia
evcr gcts on The Sourcc or CompuServc. If that should happcn,
it will bc a fantastic brcakthrough for voung schoolchildrcn.
Many will havc acecss to a co-mputcr. which in turn
would giv thcm acccss to most of the information thcv'lI nccd
for through a computcrizcd cncyclopcdia and a -databasc
13 07-U:5 u3:UU fleoti:

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A STARTING STORY NUIoIaER - FRUM 1 ( THE fA.II; LlbT)
TO 13 ( THE LATEST) .
13
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TO 13 (THE LATFO;;Tj .
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SCAN fORWARD (SF) IIIl: SCAN KACr,WMD (SK)?
SF
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"Ill wi t hout Clltti nQ f er1l"r<'Jl <,OCldl 'i prvi ces .
For hI" f i rs t PlIbl l C CQr'l M('nt o n t he proPQSJl l"ladl" by
l1i s l1rnhilh 1f' f'.epllh 11Cdn np Mne nt fo r t he pr es i den c.v i n t he
nrpsidl"r'l t f1 ('w t o thl" f o n,(' r Cil l , fo rn'il Qov<> rnnr 's hon ' stdte.
Hr told ,1 f)f t il+> 'l d t\ ona l [ oue " l. l on .\SSOc1cl tlon , whic l1 11.1<,
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hi l linn t " x cut i .. " d CldSsic f, 'el:' l uneh "onE'thlnq f o r no thl nq .
" That a:incl of hd<;tv "ffer Cdn on l y De c,111ed by o ne wo r d
t he Ar>eriCeln !leor le we c an
havp t hi s enon"lOIJ'i lv .. ivl" clnc1 unfcll r t"x ellt t holt we Celn
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prOQr an'i . he "<lid .
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f'owell Ma'lf' it ch'a r t hf' p resiopnt wa s dirl'c tl.,q h1S r e::'l drl;s dt
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r ,!pl lf' !1: "t. o', lI'n ': M r rli nrJ .. I t ' .. not t l,p app rOprl dt f' f orllM fo r
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The t rlp , whI ch wl11 be n" r t l y l'<lHl fo r I)y t np Ca r ter -!\ o 'l
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IIUI I
GET UP,TO,THE-MINUTE news stories f rom t he wire services on eithe r
database. UPI is available on The Source; AP on CompuServe,
plus an unknown electronic flash for almost S200. The prices
might be terrific for the equipment offered, but precisely what
equipment is being sold'! A list of sewing machines featured.
some remarkably good prices. But. I have had many ycars of
experience with sewing machines that don' t work when un-
packed. Do you suddenly become a shipper if thc thing doesn't
work right'!
along. I looked for some financial aid for a college
student. Not one meaningful word on loans or scholarships.
Instead. a long printout of thc general statements provided b.y
cvcrv high school to students and thcir parents. thc same matcn -
al provided by every college to prospective students. and
sivc detail on some special gover nment co-op program that alter
15 minutes of connect time still hadn't said what the program
was or which schools or agencies were making the offer. It was
endless fluff. which is onc of thc major problems with much of
the "free information. Most of it chews up connect time
without providing anything of substance. There arc long in-
troductions and special items of news , Even attempting direct
access usually puts the user in a menu that flows into another
menu.
Since much fanfare had accompanied Popular Science joi n-
ing the ComptrScrvc database I figured I'd give that a try. What
could be better than reading a review of personal computer
software. In most publications the term "review means some-
one actually tried something. II' it" s equipment they really turned
the power on. If it' s a computer program I assume someone ran
it. But what did I get for mv moncv? Fluff-thcrc was no user
report or opinions, j ust short descriptions that read like
came straight from the manufacturcrs brochure. The same stuff
I rcad in thc advertisements in thc computer magazines.
Surelv there must c somcthing of valuc f . the Dcrsonal
. 0 .
133
such as the NYTCD.
Deciding to try something different . [ looked into a demon-
stration of electronic banking. It was rather interes ting! Aside
fro m the fact there was appare ntly no ha rd copy of any
payment s- my records being only what was entered on my disk
sroragc-s- I wonde red how many peopl e would ge t access to my
entire financ ial and personal life through electronic banki ng . In
this day and age it appears nothing is sacrosanct. and ma ny
orga nizations exist for the sa le purpose of selling all the personal
informat ion they ca n get their hands on; my state even sel ls the
names and addresses of everyone that holds a driver ' s license. [
j ust wonder how long it would take before all that co mputeri zed
banking information-informat ion on eve rything [ purchased.
eve ry doctor I visited . eve ry lawyer [ paid . eve ry debt I owed-
was sold to the highest bidder ?
Computing services
Whil e both The Source and CompuServe are presently con -
centrating on information. the y do offer something el se-
mainframe computer serv ices for personal co mputer owners.
Bot!"! permit the subsc riber to create files of the type used in
mai nframe data processi ng. For example. on The Source you
can activate a file aut omat ical ly eac h time you sig n on. The files
can be "mai led " to other subsc ribers. and the electronic mai l
service will eve n inform you when you sig n on that you have
mai l waitin g. Your files can be per sonal or publi c-that is. you
can permit anyone to peck at them.
Of course . if you ca n create files you must have some way to
edi t them. and an editor is provided . It has more or less standard
adva nced editing features such as " global change." section
move s. tabul ation, sorting , and aut omatic spel ling checki ng.
The services also offer a super timeshare BASIC. FOR-
TRAN. and Pascal. If you're into FORTRAN and Pascal. you
most like ly wi ll end up with more power ful versio ns than you
can purchase at reasonable cost for your personal computer. The
Source also provi des INFOX. a business dat abase mana ger that
can generate spec ial forms. INFOX has its own manual s and
those can be purchased . it you wis h. Esse ntia lly. both The
Source and CompuServe provide a lot of co mputing power. If
you' re into se lf-developme nt in thc programming area (rcmcm-
bel'. we' re not covering business here) you probabl y can' t get a
bett er doll ar value than from The Sou rce and Co mpuScrve . But
don't expec t to get off chea p. FORTRAN and Pasca l arc very
time consumi ng when you' re first learnin g.
I am certain that cvcrvonc ca n find something of value on The
Source or Co rnpuxcrvc. In the area of co mputer services it' s
everyone for themsel ves, only you know how much computer
power you need or co uld usc. In the area of information. howev-
er . I feci the most valuable data of any kind was from the
professionals who have spent yea rs acc umulating and dispen s-
ing informat ion in a highl y co mpetitive market-newspapers.
stock/co mmodity news services. and the wire serv ices .
For the first few month s it' s a lot of fun trying out the varied
inform ation services of The Sour ce and Co mpuxcrvc. not to
ment ion the asso rtme nt of games. but if you have no specific or
frequent need for ' 'h ard informati on." it ' s questionable whet her
a permanent com mitme nt or the monthl y expense is j ustified for
"just fooling around. "
Ob viousl y. there arc many personal computerists who find
The Source and/or Co mpuServe an import ant part of their
lifestyle-especiall y if they are into user groups of any kind.
And certain ly. for bus iness applications thc databases can be
important too ls. but we arc tal king about per sonal computing.
and that means pri marily home and family. Before puttin g any
money on the line. a logica l question to ask is . Aft er the initial
fun and exci teme nt . do I have any real need for or interes t in any
of the services offe red? It ' s a question eve ryone mus t answer for
themsel ves. R-E
$ 4.99
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Front-panel controls
The functions of some of the front-panel
controls have already been explained; this
is what the others do:
Snatch button (unlabelled), S4, is used
when you wish to "grab" a frame of
video to be transmitted. It is act ive only
when S5, t he M A N UAL/ A UTOMATIC
switch is in the MANUAL position. When
S5 is in the AUTOMAT IC position. a new
frame will be snatched automa tically ev-
ery eight seconds.
The BR IGHTN ESS and CONT RAST con-
trols. R307 and R305, control the quality
of the image that you are transmi tting.
(There will be more about them in the
section on using the Pict ure Phone .) It is
assumed that the party with whom you are
exchangi ng video is sendi ng a good quali-
ty picture, so no external controls are
Power supply
The Picture Phone requires five working
voltages : plus-and-minus five volts DC.
plus-and-minus 12 volts DC, and - 20
volts DC, The power-supply schematic is
shown in Fig. 9. Whi le a single transfor-
mer with two secondaries can be used to
obtain all those voltages, it may be di -
fficult to locate; such a transformer is
available from the supplier indicated in
the Parts List (see last
month' s issue). .
You may. howev-
er. choose to use two
tran sfor mers . Bo t h
s ho uld be ce nte r -
t a p pe d . T he fi rs t
should be capable of
supply ing about 12. 6
volts on each side of
the center tap, for a
total of about 25 volts
a t o ne amp . Th e
second tran sformer
should be capable of
supplyi ng abo ut 6.3
volts on either side of
the center tap; for a
total of 12.6 volts at
1.5 amps.
Sta ndard bri dge-
rectifier/capacitor cir-
cuits are used, along
with tab-type regul a-
tors to obtain the final
wo rking vo l ta ges .
The -20 volts is taken
from the input to the
-1 2-volt regul ator. A
0.6-amp circuit break-
er , CB I, is used for
protection.
The output of the
+5-volt supp ly is
used to drive LED I ,
the POWER indicator
mounted on the front panel.
JOSEF BERNARD,
TECHNICAL EDITOR
connect you. The Picture Phone . howev-
er. through relay R60 I . provides a' ' hold-
ing voltage" which . as far as the phone -
company equipment is concerned. means
that the phone is still off the hook. and the
connection is maintained.
With the telephone out of the circuit.
audio is rout ed to and from the main board
of the Picture Phone in the form of a
slow-sc an video signal . composed of
tones ranging from 1500 Hz to 2300 Hz
(see Part I) . The mod e switch. SI. in the
center of the front panel determines
whether the slow-scan audio will be trans-
mitted or recei ved .
When the PI CTURE switch is pushed.
the relays latch. and the Picture Phone
remains in the PICTURE mode until the
VOICE button is pushed . .
Associated with those two switches are
LED2 and LED3 . which indicate the cur -
rent status of the device.
tons S2 and S3 on the front panel. When
turned on. the Picture Phone " come s up"
in the VO ICE mode and the telephone can
be used normally. When the PI CT URE
swi tch is depressed. though . several
things happen .
First , the telephone is disconnected
from the line. Usuall y. that would cause
the phone company' s equipment to
" think" that you had hung up. and dis-
The telephone adaptor board, the power supply, and con-
struction of the device are the topics covered in this month's
look at the Picture Phone.
Tel ephone adaptor board
The t e l e p h o n e
adaptor board. shown
in Fig. 8, serve s two
purposes: it serves as
an interface bet ween
the main board and the
tel ep hone line , and
also allows the user to
switch between VO ICE
and PICTUR E modes.
Transformer T60 I
provides impedance
matching bet ween the
main board and the
telephone line' s 600 -
ohm requirements. It
also provides electric-
al isolation between
the phone line and the
Picture Phone . The
transformer contains a
grounded electrostatic
shield (indicated by
the dashed line) to re-
duce hum. Additional
p rotec tion t o th e
phone line is provided
by a static-discharge
device. DT I.
It must be noted
that, while those pre-
cautions should pro-
vide sufficient pro-
tection to satisfy
your telephone com-
pany's requirements for connecting
non-company equipment to its lines,
the Picture Phone must be used with a
coupling device approved by the phone
company.
The Picture Phone is connected to the
phone line by a standard four-conductcr
phone cable terminated in a modu lar
phone plug . A modular jack on the rear of
the Picture Phone cabinet accepts the plug
from an ordinary telephone. The tele-
phone can be used normally when the
Picture Phone is off or when it is in the
VOICE mode . Conn ections bet ween the
modular jack and the adaptor board are
made throu gh an 8-terminal barrier strip,
TB60 1.
The second function of the telephone
adaptor board is to provide switching be-
tween VOICE and PI CT URE mode s. Two
relays. RY601 and RY602 provide that
function. They are controlled by pushbut-
Part 3
TilE FI.RST TWO PARTS
of thi s a rt ic le dI S-
cussed the theory of operation of the main
board of the Picture Phone. We 'll now
describe the telephone adaptor board and
power supply. We'll also begin to look at
the construc tion of the device. As always,
it will be helpful to have the previous
parts of this articl e as we proceed.
135
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139
Construction
Construction of the Picture Phone can
be divided into two parts - the three
boards (main, phone adaptor , and power
supply)- and chassis wiring . It' s prob-
ably best to complete the first two boards
first , and then combine the power-supply
board and chassis wiring.
Because of the large size and complex-
ity of the doubl e-sided mai n board
(almost 10 X 12 inches) it is impractical
to reproduce foil patterns for it here with
clarity. If you want to try to make your
own board (it's available from the sup-
plier indicated in the Parts List), full-
sized printed (not film) positives can be
obtained by sending $1.5D-along with a
note indicati ng that you want the foil pat-
terns for the board and the address to
which they are to be sent- to: Picture
Phon e, Radio-Electronics, 200 Park
Avenue South. New York, NY 10003.
The parts-placement diagram for the
main board is shown in Fig. 10; refer also
to Fig. II . Assembly of the board is
straightforward, and should present little
difficulty as long as you proceed with
care. Don' t rush the j ob, for that is sure to
want to be able to look at a received image
while discussing it in the VOICE mode.
Finally, the function of the RECEIVE
position should be obvi ous-it loads
video into the Picture Phone ' s memory
for display on your monitor.
There is one connector on the rear of
the cabinet that should be explained. That
is a 25-pin DB25-S socket of the type
used on computer equipment. It can be
used for the connection of remote switch-
es for SNATCH , VOICE/PICTU RE, etc.
RY602
RY601
019 R314
lN4007 .33n. 2W
T1 R315
3 - 5V
POWER (SEETEXT) .33n .2W
020
C310 +
l N4007
9200/
.,..
15V
36
021
R316
lN4007
220n .
022
1/2W
lN4007 35 +5V
117{
VAC
023 R317
.,..
lN4007 .33n.2W
,
17 - 12V
R318
.33n.2W
.,..
024
C312
lN4007
5800/
+
C311
.,..
25V +
450125V
025
lN4007
026
lN4007 15 +12V
.,..
FIG. 9-POWER SUPPLY pro vid es 12 volts, 5 volts, and - 20 vo lts. See text and Part s List (in last
month 's issu e) f or T1 infor mation.
OT601
14
14
4
5
12
13
9
10

.,.. 8
- 20V
0601
1N4007 2
TB601

Al LINE

...--------------1 R SET
T
R602
130n.2W r - - .,
3 I
'-I--t--'1
4
I
I
12 I
13 I
R601
130n .2W
)--4..-- - -+---<p-o - 20V
C601
'= 1 500/25V
TOCENTERTAP
OF20V WINDING
ON T1
S3
..J:.. PICTURE
0- 7
TO - 20V
SOURCE
provided for RECEIVE adjustments.
The final control that needs explaini ng
is the five-posi tion mode switch. S I. In
it s fully -counterclockwi se posit ion.
GRAY SCALE . it loads a four-level gray
scale into memory for calibration pur-
poses. The next position. CAMERA . al-
lows you to view a real-time digitzied
image from your camera on your monitor.
That permits both focusing and composi-
tion. as well as allowing you to set the
BRIGHTNESS and CONTRAS T controls for
best results.
The TRANSMI T position is used when
you are in the PICT URE mode to transmit
the video stored in the Picture Phone' s
memory. The next position. HOLD freezes
a frame of received or transmitted video
in memory and displays it indefinitely.
regardless of whether new video is avail-
able or not. It is particularly useful if you
FIG. 8-TELEPHONE ADAPTOR BOARD pro-
vides swi tching and impedance-mat ching fun c-
tions, and also control s st atus indicators.
en
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FIG.1O-ALL IC's face in the same direction. Note that resistors and diodes are mounted vertlcallyto
conserve board space .
lead to problems, and it will be a long
time before you solve them and have your
Picture Phone operat ing.
It' s best to insert ail the IC sockets first
(note that they all face in the same direc-
tion) and make sure that you don't insert
l4-pin socke ts where there should be 16-
pin ones. Be sure that all the pins are
soldered-with that many connections,
it' s easy to miss one, and you' ll spend
hours or days before you discover that one
unsoldered socket-pin is the reason that
the equipment isn' t functi oning. .
Next install the res istors and diodes.
Note that they are all mount ed vertically
(standing on end) . Be extremely careful
about the polari ty ofthe diodes, and don' t
forget the two short jumpers. Finally, in-
stall the capacitors, aga in bei ng careful to
observe the pol arities of the tant alum
types. Do not insert any IC' s into their
sockets yet . When you 'r e fi nished with
the main board , set it aside temporarily
and go on to the phone adaptor board.
That double-sided board . whose foil
patterns are shown in Figs . 12and 13. and
parts-placement diagram in Fig . 14. is
easy compared to the main board. The
parts should slip right into the holes-just
make sure that the electrolytic capacitor.
FIG. 11-THIS PHOTO shows how the main board should look when it is correctly assembled. It is
shown here mounted in the enclosure.
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141
T} TO LI NE
A1
AI}
~ TO TELEPHONE
T8601
T601
FIG. 12-FOIL PATTERN for top of telephone

adaptor board.
FIG. 14-USESMALL PC-BOARD pin connectors at positions 1-15to make it easier to connect wires to
telephone adaptor board.
FIG. 13-FOIL PATTERN for bottom of tele-
phone adaptor board.
case first, using standoffs. and connect it
to the two large capaci tors and to the
regulators . Use " spaghett i" on the leads
of the regulators. as shown in Fig 15. for
safety.
When we continue our look at the Pic-
ture Phone, we will finish up the con-
struction of the device. We' ll also look at
how it is aligned as well as how it is used.
Also covered will be how to connect it to
the phone lines. R-E
ponents, such as the power transformer ,
switches, j acks. LED' s, the two large
capacitors, etc. It will probably be easier
not to mount the 36172-pin edge con-
nector for the main board at this point .
because doing so will make it awkward to
make connections to it. You'll find that
the liberal use of terminal strips will make
routing of supply and control voltages
more convenient.
Mount the power-supply board in the
FIG. 15-POWER SUPPLY and associated compo nents. Bottom of enclosure is used 'as heat sink for
regulators.
~ l l

C601, is oriented properl y. and that the
8-termi nal barrier strip is inserted so that
the phone wires can be connected from
the outside of the board. Using small PC-
board pin-connectors at positions 1-15
will make it easierto make connections to
the board later.
Most of the power supply, shown in
Fig. 15, can be constructed on a piece of
perforated construction board: the two
large capacitors, C310 and C3 12, and the
four regulators will be chassis-mount ed
and wired to the board. Be sure to allow
for the many ground connections that will
have to be made from that board .
The two off-board capacitors should be
bracket-mount ed to the chassis as shown
in Fig. 15, and the regul ators secured to
the top side of the bottom of the case. Be
sure that the tabs of the positi ve regulators
make good electrical contact with the
case, and be sure that the negative regula-
tors are insulated fromthe case (use nylon
hardware, mica insulators, and silicone
grease) .
When the three boards are complet e.
you can install the chassis-mount ed com-
en
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NEWIDEAS
DMM Add-On
FIG. 1
NEW IDEAS
This column is devoted ' to neIN ideas,
circuits, device applicat ions, construc-
tion techniques, hel pful hints, etc.
All pub lished entries, upon publica-
tio n, wi ll earn $25. In addition, Panavise
will donate t heir model 333-The Rapid
Assembly Circ uit Board Holder , having a
retail price of $39.95. It features an eight-
position rotat ing adj ustment, indexing at
45-degree increments, and six positive
lock positions in the vertical pl ane, givi ng
you a full .ten-inch height adj ustment for
comfortable working. ( ~ e e phot o below.)
Title of Idea
I agree to t he above terms, and grant
RadiO-Electronics Magazi ne t he right
to publish my idea and to subsequent ly
repub lish my idea in collections or com-
pi lations of reprints of similar artic les. I
dec lare that t he attached idea is my
own or iginal material and that its publi -
cat ion does not violate any other copy-
rig ht. I also decl are that this material
had not been previously publ ished.
TO
DMM
I
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10.$"02S'
IMeG
I
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MEG
tion of it and the meter's input impedance
is the same 0.5025 megohms .
In use, the R
x
terminals are shorted,
and R2 is adjusted so that the DMM reads
8 volts when the DMM is switched to the
appropriate range. Then the short is re-
moved, the unknown resistance is con-
nected to those R
x
terminals, and the
DMM is switched to the 200-millivolt
range. To find the resistance of the un-
known, simply divide 4000 by the meter
reading. The result is the resistance in
megohms, including proper placement of
the decimal point. That's all there is to it.
Here are two notes that may come in
handy:
When checking leakage resistance of
large capacitors, be sure that the capaci-
tors have charged up completely before
switch ing to the 200-milllivolt range .
Otherwise, you'll be subjecting your
meter to the rather high voltage caused by
the changing current. Also, for best re-
sults, wait a few minutes after switching
on the add-on before adjusting R2. That
will allow the circuit to stabilize. -Don
R. King
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soon I
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8,qTTRY:
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The circuit is shown in Fig. I . In it, the
voltage from 9-volt battery is dropped
across a voltage divider. Potentiometer
R2 is adjusted so that the divider's output
is exactly 8 volts. The odd value of RI,
0.5291 megohms, was chosen so that the
parallel combination of it and the 10-
megohm input impedance of the DMM
equals 0.5025 megohms. If that is done , a
100-megohm resistance will result in a
midscale reading on your meter (more on
that later). As RI is a non-standard value,
it is formed by connecting either precision
or selected 200K and 330K resistors in
series. Note that the input impedance of
some DMM's is not 10 megohms. If
yours is one of those, RI should be re-
calculated so that the parallel combina-
ON MOST DMM'S, THE HiGHEST RESiST-
ance range is 20 megohms . But if you
need to read higher resistances you are
usually out of luck. 'Here, however, is a
simple add-on for your DMM that can
solve that problem. The meter readout
will have to be converted to read the re-
sistance, but that' s relatively easy to do,
especially if you have a calculator.
Mai l your idea along with this coupo n
to : New Ideas Radio-Electronics,
200 Park Ave. South,
New York, NY 10003
.
"Interference is along network lines and is not the fault of your illegal descrambler"
Signature
Print Name
Street
City State
Date
Zip
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HOBBYCORNER
And the winner is...
EARL " DOC" SAVAGE, K4SDS, HOBBY EDITOR
2NJ"fJ60
SCI(
LEO
FIG. 1
find out how and why they work. If you
can't do it right now, file the circuits away
until you can, or at least until you need a
small oscillator.
Getting back to the contest , you can
imagine just how difficult it was to decide
upon a winner . The one I eventually
chose, shown in Fig. 2, was submitted by
Peter Lefferts of San Martin, CA; it won
out because of the unusual nature of the
design.
As you can see from the schematic, the
design certainly does not have the small-
est parts count. However , as it uses a
tear-drop-shaped tantalum capacitor, Y4-
watt resistors, and a sub-miniature LED,
it is a small oscillator.
Congratul ations to you, Peter ; your
" prize"-a box of miscell aneous com-
ponents (there may even be something in
SPJ(R
b
SK - I OO,f

c ui ts used th e 3909 LED fl ash er/
osci llator. which indee d makes for a
small device .
Also popular were transistor (bipolar
and unijunction) circuits; all but a few of
those used designs that eliminated the
bulky audio transformer usually associ-
ated with such circuits. And, of course,
there were a number of circuits using the
555 timer in an astable configuration. The
rest of the circuits used less common tech-
niques. and some were unique.
I would like to show you all of the
different designs sent in but space will not
permit that. Instead, I have incl uded
several of the circuits in Fig. I so that you
can see some of the approaches used.
I hope you will tryout some of those
oscillators. Better yet, build and do a bit
of experimenting with several of them-
41
SEVERAL MONTHS AGO I TOLD YOU ABOUT
some problems I had trying to help a
friend build a small audio oscillator into
an existing device (see the May. 1982
issue of Radio-Electronics). There was
very little space and we had to find the
smallest possible circuit.
As you may recall . I asked for your
help and made it into a contest of sorts.
That "contest" apparently caught the in-
terest of many of you. as there were plen-
ty of responses. To give you an idea of
how tough the competition was, entries
came from almost half of the states as well
as from three countries.
The circ uits themselves have been
quite fascinating. Most were of expected
types but a surpr ising number were un-
usual (or at least they used approaches
that had not occurred to me). Many cir-
AN INVITATION
To better meet your needs, "Hobby
Corner" will undergo a change in di-
rec ti on. It wi ll be change d to a
question-and-answer form in the near
future. You are invited to send us
questions about general electronics
and its applications. We'll do what we
can to come up with an answer or, at
least, suggest where you might find
one.
If you need a basic circuit for some
purpose, or want to know how or why
one works, let us know. We'll print
those of greatest interest her e in
"Hobby Corner." Please keep in mind
that we cannot become a circuit-
design service for esoteric applica-
tions; circuits must be as general and
as simple as possible. Please address
your correspondence to:
Hobby Corner
Radio-Electronics
200 Park Ave. South
New York, NY 10003
2N;i06,
RS10:J.
F T C.

RS2009,
ETC.
I
TRICCER
.. 5"O.f'or
I
ao ,l/lJP/T/PN-9L J' ECT/OA(J' or
/tV IF
=- / ;lfP!)lJiYt!E / $ LESJ'
FIG. 2
UA'/ J //AtTltl) .

l; IC
_ S",fR
-/-6.2-2.3//
",- .
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there that you can use)-should have
reached you by the time you read this.
Many thanks to all of you who entered
the contest. My onl y regret is that every-
one could not be a winner.
Another contest?
Many of you have said that you en-
j oyed worki ng on Hobby Corner contests
like that last one. I'll see what I can come
up with along that line . In the meantime,
if you have an idea for somethi ng that
would make an int eresting cont est, pass
your thoughts along.
In fact , it occurs to me that we can have
a " cont est " contest. Let' s see who can
come up wi th the best idea for a contest.
Thi s time , I'll let someone else pick the
winner. Remember that speed may count.
too (in case more than one of you submits
the same winnin g idea, we will have to
make the fin al decision on the basis of the
postmark) . And, by the way, pl ease type
or print your name and address clearl y on
your entry.
More on weather instruments
A few months back (November, 1981)
this column presented information on build-
ing several types of weather instruments.
Reader Mike Lozano (1100 Walnut Street,
Des Moines, IA 50308) wrote about his
plans for building a wind vane and an an-
emometer. Mike is a meterologist and drew
them up for viewers of his weather broad-
casts. His plans are detailed and include part
numbers. If you are interested in building
these instruments, he will send you copies
of his plans postpaid upon receipt of $3.00 .
You might also want to ask him about the
plans for the rain gauge he is working on.
Reader requests
Peter Stutz of Richen , Switzerland is
looking for a design for an amplifier for
his frequency counter. He needs sensitiv-
ity of about 10mV and a useful frequency
range of from DC to 14 MHz.
Jere Welch (APO , NY) would like to
find a circuit for an under water pinger and
surface receiver that could be used for
marking wrecks.
Dave Beasl ey of Parachute, CO is
wondering if there is any way to convert a
battery-powered analog quart z cloc k with
a 12-hour readout to one that has a 24-
hour readout.
From Madera , CA, Richard Roden-
beck would like to build a programmabl e
down- counter to control an irrigati on sys-
tem. What he would like is the one on his
.wife ' s microwave oven , but she won 't let
him anywhere near it.
Well, friends , those requests should
keep you prett y busy until next month .
See you then. R-E
Get A GNOME
the original microsynthesizer
Every day more people discover t hat PAIA's
G OME is the most versatile, cost effecti ve
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John Simon ton' s ti me -proven design
provides two envelope generators, YeA, YCO
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Use alone with it's built in ribbon controller or
modify to use wit h guitar, electronic piano,
polytoni c keyboard s, etc.
The perfect introductio n to elect ronic music
and best of all , the Gnome is only ffi9. 95 in
eas y to assemble ki t form. Is it any wonder
h . sold thousands?
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Or der from your local dis trib utor,
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Pocket Size: 92xl54x25mm
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Accuracy: 0.25%or 0.5%VDC
Sin gl e Dial Selector for all ranges
2 ter minals for all ranges, except
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Safety terminal s and probes pro tect
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"P rices subj ect to change without notice
Canada:
RADI ONICS, LTD. (416) 292-1575
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COMMUNICATIONSCORNER
Reading the mail
HERB FRIEDMAN, COMMUNICATIONS EDITOR
FIG. 1
I
Ti C I /J U l l l
,u l_ " I_ I I I_I I
Instead of using tricky digital timing-
circui ts, decoding is done by a pre-
programmed microprocessor that recog-
nizes character patterns. As the precise
timing of the signal pulses is less impor-
tant in this decoding technique, even rea-
sonably sloppy fists can be decoded. At
worst some characters might be lost or
words might be run together. For RTTY,
the touch of a button programs the word
or baud rate. If you are unsure of the rate,
it can be adj usted while watching the
readout-when the displayed message
becomes intelligible, you've found the
proper rate.
Normally, RTTY uses two tones---one
for the mark and one for the space . Here,
only one of the tones-the mark tone-is
used for decoding. What happens is that
the microprocessor assumes the presence
of the space when ever the mark is miss-
ing. That is a common " trick" used in
RS- 232C co mputer communica t ions
when only one power-suppl y polarity is
available. Normally, the voltage pulses
that create characters in computer com-
munications alternate between approx-
imately +15- and - 15-volts. But if only
a + 15-volt supply is available, some-
thing must be done to compensate for the
missing information. What is done is that
a phantom bit is created- the computer is
"tricked" into believing the - I5-volt
pulse is there anything the + 15-volt
pulse is missing. If it sounds confusing
just imagine my reaction the first time I
ran across a circuit that worked perfectly
" with half the pulses missing. "
The advantage of doing that with the
decoder is that it allows the use of a highly
selective bandpass filter ahead of the mi-
croprocessor; that filter screens out much
of the natural and man-made noise that
can prevent effective decoding.
Figure I shows how it works. The sig-
nal from the receiver' s speaker or head-
phone output is br idged into an op-
erational amplifier. From there. it is fed
into two feedback bandpass filters and
then into yet another amplifier that serves
as a waveform shaper. The output of the
shaper feeds through a low pass filter and
on to a clamp that provides a pulse wave-
form at TTL level s for the micro -
processor.
An LED in the clamp circuit serves as a
tuning indicator. Normally, the LED is
out when no signal flows to the clamp.
-
LDW-
PASS
FILTER
tdt
+V
MICRO- TTL
PROCESSOR CLAMP I-----J
those you know how difficult it is to fol-
low what's going on when you can read
only bits and pieces at a time. As for
RTTY, I have spent more time trying just
to tune a reader to a signal than I have
" reading the mail. " Until now the best
way to copy RTTY- at least for me-
was with a real TU (Terminal Unit).
Well , technology has finall y caught up
with CW/RTTY readers in the form of the
$315. 00 Kantronics Mini-Reader. That
unit is small enough (5% X 3% x I Y4) to
fit it in an oversize shirt pocket, even
though it has a 10-character flourescent
readout. Power for the unit ( I2-volts DC)
is supplied by a wall-plug-type adapter.
Each character readout has 14 segments,
which allows the display of almost any
alphanumeric character, including most
special punctuation characters (although
for some you need a rather fle xible
imagination).
Among other features, the unit can
handle CW speeds of 3 to 80 words-per-
minute (I think it's actually more precise
at the higher speeds), RTTY at 60, 66,
75, and 100 words-per-minute, and stan-
dard ASCII at 110 or 300 baud. In addi-
tion, it does all RTTY decoding auto-
maticall y at any frequency shift.
That ' s a lot of features for a shirt
pocket-even a large one-and, what's
more amazing, the thing works well. For
one thing, the IO-character display is
adequate, allowi ng a display of one or
more complete words. The words move
across the display from right to left. (It's
amazing the difference two or three extra
characters makes in "reading" the mes-
sage.)
But , what's more important is the way
the CW and RTTY signals are decoded.
BANDPASS r---7-
MP
FILTER
'---_...I
-
ALPHANUMERIC
DISPLAY
BANDPASS
FILTER

'------'
OCCASIONALLY THE MORNING MAIL
brings some unsol icited material that
screams for attention. Generally, I'll give
anything a first reading; if it's aimed at the
SWL, I'll read it twice because there isn't
much written for SWL' s, even though
there ' s a lot of interest in shortwave
listening. Recentl y, I recei ved some
booklets (if you can call 178 pages " a
booklet" ) from the International DX' ers
Club of San Diego, and I have yet to work
my way through them once, even after
giving them all my time on the morning
commut er train .
Those booklets are obviously a labor of
love from active DX' ers and SWL' s, with
feature articles on all aspects of short-
wave listening, and reviews of all sorts of
receivers, antennas, and whatever else
could be useful for shortwave listening.
The reviews are best described as "hard
hitters, " calling the shots as they see
them.
Not every booklet is as thick; the aver-
age appears to be about 50 pages- but it' s
a well-packed 50 pages. Sample copies of
the club ' s monthl y bull etin are only
$1.00. If you' re into SWL'ing, give your-
self a treat and try a sample issue. Their
address is The DX'ers Club of San Diego,
1826 Cypress St. , San Diego, CA 92154-
I 151 (Yep! That' s a 9-digit zip code) .
Another kind of mall
Notwithstanding the so-called " lead-
ing edge of technology, " most of the
digital CW and RTTY " readers" have
left me singularly unimpressed. The CW
units could not track a sloppy fist, and
when the fist was adequate, the readers
often could not display longer words
completely. If you've ever used one of
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LISTEN to what the MX333 can
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RISK 30 day Free Trial.
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Inst ant iden ti fica tion of margi-
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And . . . Detects signal charac-
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sible with digit al or anal og meters.
Volt age t raci ng
Tr ou bleshooting in ha rd-to-
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.5n sec pul se det ect ion
Inst ant aneous VARI-PITCHspe eds:
Digit al logic t roubleshooting
Tuning type adjust men ts
Resista nce checks
THEHICKOK ELECTRICAL INSTRUMENT CO.
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(2 16) 541- 8060
Hickok's MX333 wit h
VARI- PITCHand lOG I-TRAK
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WINNER
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2-6 22 dB gain resonant disc an-
tenna Standard 12-16 vdc power
supply Mounting bracket for hori-
zontal or vertical polarity Comes
wit h 60' coax with connectors, 3'
jumper cable, 75-300 ohmand 300-75
ohm adapters, complete instructions.
But , when the received signal is tuned so
that the heterodyne tone falls withi n the
decoder's passband, signal flow to the
clamp begins . The increase in the clamp's
collector current causes curr ent to flow
through the LED-the more current that
reaches the clamp, the brighter the LED ,
To tune a signal, the user first adjusts the
receiver tuning or BFO for maximum
LED brilliance, and then adj usts the tun-
ing until the display shows legible copy .
It' s not the easies t tuning system-but it' s
inexpensive; eventually you will be able
to tune the thing easily by just listening to
the pitch of the received tone .
Kantronics sends out a nice package of
informat ion on the Mi ni-Reader. It's
available from Kantronics, 1202 E. 23rd
St., Lawrence, KS 66044. R-E
LONG-RANGE MICROWAVE ANTENNAS
with Separate Down Converte rs
FULL- YEAR WARRANTIES!
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Name
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University Microfilms
International
Please ..end additional information
for _
This Publication
isavailable in
Microform.
300 North Zccb Road
Dept. P.R,
An n Arbor . Mi. 48106
Cit y _
State Zip _
Streeu, _
Amateur
32-Element
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Not a kit , so it' s eas ier to sell . 1.9- 2.5 Ghz
38\12 ' l on g Di e- cast wa te rp roof
al uminum hou sing With st and s temps
- 40' to + 140'F. 50- ohm type " N" con-
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amp st ages 2. 1-2.3 Ghz > 20 Mhz input ba nd-width. Noise figu re: 5 dB .
TV cha nnels 2-6 75- ohm t ype " F" outp ut. 50-o hm type " N" i nput
i mpe da nce Ai umi num hou sing. Wit hsta nds temps from -40' to + 140' F.
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79-59 264th St., Floral Park, N.Y. 11004
212-929-3505/212-544-5990
CIRCLE 32 ON FREE INFORMATI ON CARD
STATE OFSOLIDSTATE
A new high-power op-amp
ROBERT F. scorr, SEMICONDUCTOR EDITOR
0.05%
Value
2A
5mV
50pA
25pA
10' 2Q
2JLs
4 MHz
0.005%
200V/mV
12.5V
11.6V
11V
10V/JLs
300kHz
100 NS
tion, the internal frequency compensation
makes the BI-FET an ideal around which
to design a power amplifier.
Most power amplifiers designed for
high-current output over a wide frequen-
cy range are either designed for Class AB
or Class B operation. Both of those de-
signs have a tendency to produce crossov-
er distortion. For minimum crossover dis-
tortion, a power amplifier must maintain
a low output impedance throughout zero-
crossing. To do that, the push-pull output
transistors must smoothly drive the load,
alternately switching current- sinking and
current-sourcing duties at the crossover
point.
In a Class-Bconfiguration, both output
transistors are completely cut off at the
crossover point. Thus, output impedance
is relatively high and crossover distortion
is severe. In a Class-AB design. both
output transistors are biased on during
no-load conditions, thus providing a low
output resistance and thereby eliminating
crossover distortion .
However, in a Class-AB design, cros-
sover distortion can develop with high-
level input signals. For example, when
the input-signal voltage causes full output
current to be delivered to the load. the
increased base-emitter voltage of the
driving transistor tends to bias the resting
transistor off. Now, when the input signal
reverses polarity, so that the output
swings negative, the amount of crossover
continued all page 156
Conditions
TABLE 1
f = 1kHz, Po = 1W
R
L
= 10Q, A
v
= + 1
f = 20kHz, Po = 1W
R
L
= 10Q, A
v
= + 1
VIN = 10V, Av = + 1
R
L
= 100Q
R
L
= 10Q
R
L
= 5.0Q
Av = + 1
A
v
= + 1, R
L
= 10Q
A
v
= + 1, R
L
= 10Q
Paramet er
I-- - - --+--"-o - SC
~ - - - _ - = - _ o + S C
Slew rate
Full power bandwidth
Small signal rise time
Small signal setting
time to 0.01%
Gain bandwidth
Harmonic distortion
Output current
Input offset voltage
Input bias current
Input offset current
Input resistance
Large signal voltage
gain
Output voltage swing
FET input and the desirable slew rate,
settling time, and low bias-current char-
acteristics of this type of device. In addi-
2 +v
R3
son
R4
son
08
L __ _ _
03
011
R2
2Dn
3
FEEDBACK
OUTPUT
Rl
20n
05
r-- -
) 01
I
R5
1.5K
R6
1.5K
'------__--_--_--_-----'-<l-V
I HAVE WONDERED, AND I SUPPOSE YOU
have also, about the performance and the
circuitry involved in those LSI audio-
power amplifiers that are offered by a
number of mail-order electroni cs supply
houses . I haven 't been able to come up
with any technical data on those devices
but was fortunate in running across an
application note on a new and interesting
device from National Semiconductor. It
is the LHOlOllow-distortion high-power
wideband operational amplifier designed
to deliver a high current into a variety of
loads. It is conservatively rated at 2 amps
with negligible crossover (zero-crossing)
distortion . Frequency response is from
DCto above 4 MHz . It is in a hermet ically
sealed TO-3 package. Table I shows the
typical performance characteristics at
2SoCambient and a + IS-volt supply.
The LHOIOI, shown schematically in
Fig. I, has three basic sections : an op-
amp, buffer amplifier, and power ampli-
fier . The op-amp uses a BI-FET con-
figuration to take full advantage of the
superior DC performance offered by the
ci
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(/)
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SERVICE CLINIC
Derating components for longer life
JACK DARR, SERVICE EDITOR
en
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HOW MANY TIMES HAS THI S HAPPENED TO
you? You change a shorted power transis-
tor, operate the set long enough to be
certai n that everything is OK. and finally
close up the back of the set. And in about
a week.the set is out again---only this time
the new transistor has shorted. What goes
on here? After all , you had used an exact-
duplicate replacement.
Actually, there are several things that
could have caused that. But among those
is the possibility that the original transis-
tor might not have been derated enough to
hold up.
What does "derat ed " mean ? The
shortes t definition for " de rated" is
"safety factor. " When you find a power
transistor shorted, check the applied DC
voltage, and, after replacement , the cur-
rent it' s drawing. That is often shown on
the schematic, which is a big help. Or , if
the original is an EIA-type number (un-
likely!) you can check for its breakdown-
voltage and collector-current rating. Too
many sets these days seem to be driving
the power transistors almost up to the
limit of their ratings; there is pract ically
no safety factor allowed for surges, etc.,
which are always with us. Unlike tubes,
transistors are very intolerant of surges .
So, what' s the cure? Look up the ori-
ginal type in one of the many transistor
guides and handbooks. Note its collector
breakdown-volt age and maximum col -
lector-curr ent rating. Now. to increase
the derating. go and look for another tran-
sistor of the same type, case, etc.. but
with a higher breakdown-voltage and col-
lector-current rating. If the original had
an 800-volt. breakdown-voltage and a 2-
amp collector- curr ent rating, pick one
with at least a 1200- or 1500-volt break-
down-voltage rating, and as high a col-
lector-current rating 3S you can get. Some
go up to as high as 20 amps, and that extra
current-carryi ng ability is very usef ul.
You've now derated the new transistor as
much as possible to give it an extra mar-
gin of safety to deal with any surges or
momentary overloads-those may have
been what was killing the original transis-
tors.
After the 1eplacement , be sure to check
for correct bias, drive signal. idling cur-
rent, and so on. Check the current actual-
ly drawn in operation. and make sure that
it is well within limits. Also-and this is
very important-run it for a while and
then check the transistor' s case tempe ra-
ture. Make sure that the screws are tight
and that enough silicone grease was used.
If it runs too hot, but other things seem to
be fine, you may have to add more heat-
sinking. That can be done in any of sever -
al ways. If you can' t find any other way,
bend a small piece of sheet aluminum into
a " U" shape, and cement it to the top of
the case as shown in Fig. I. Make sure. of
course, that it doesn't touch anything that
could short it to ground.
" U" - SHAPED
...-ALUMINUM
HEAT SINK
EPOXY

- CASE
FIG. 1
Derating isn' t limited to transistors; it
applies to everything else in the set as
well. If you find that a filter capaci tor
rated at 16 volts is always shorting, rc-
place it with one rated at least a 25 volts-
or better still, one rated at 50 volts. Doing
that will give you much lower leakage and
more ability to withstand surges . In some
of the older sets, we were always finding
that the coupling capac itor was leaky.
causing distortion in the audio. Many of
those were rated at only 400 volts; for
replacement, we always used ones rated
at 600 volts-with those there was far less
leakage. (I once asked an engineer for one
of the set manufacturers why capacitors
rated at 600 .volts weren' t used. He said ;
that they cost eight cents more, and, while I
they may not sound like much for one set.
when you consider thousands of sets it
begins to add up. Frankly. it still does not
make much sense to me, but I guess that ' s
the way they have to look at those kinds of
things.)
Resistors should also be derated if they
seem to fail too soon. The cure for that is
to find out why the current is so high. and
correct the problem. For luck. it won't
hurt to increase the power rating of the
resistor to make it a bit less likely to fail
again. For instance, Y4-watt resistors can
be replaced by Y2-watt unit s and Y2-watt
ones can be replaced by resistors rated at I
or even 2 watts, if space permits.
Let ' s look at one final thing before we
finish up for this month. I get a lot of
letters asking about power transformers
for small import stereos, tape decks, etc.
Often, there is just no service data avail-
able for those devices. It' s easy enough to
guess the voltage rating for those trans-
formers ; check the filter capacitors-if
those are rated at 16 or even 25 volts. the
chances are that the transformer' s secon-
dary was 12 volts. But what about the
current rating?
Here' s how to find out: Replace the
unit' s power-suppl y circuit ry with a vari-
able DC power-suppl y. Hook a DC volt-
meter across the supply and a DC am-
meter in series with it. Slowly bring up
the power until the device begins to work.
Note the voltage and current readings .
Then turn the volume all the way up to
find the maximum current. If that is 1.3
amps, for example. choose a transformer
with at least a 2-amp rating to make cer-
tain that it can stand up. There you have
it- the only possibl e probl em here is
physical size; be sure to check on how
much space is avai lable before obtaining
a replacement. R-E
SERVICE
QUESTIONS
WEAK SOUND
I wrote you a while back about weak
sound on this Katone 2100. You gave me
some things to try and I did. Fed a signal
to the volume control and tr aced it
through the circuit with a scope. What I
found was a defective transistor in the
audio output. Replaced it and everyt hing
now works fi ne-thanks !-Clement
Guilbault, Derry, NH
MISSING 3.S8-MHz SIGNAL
Here's one that I ran into on my own
bench a while back. The raster was good,
but the picture had a pale greenis h tint.
There was no color in the picture . Tracing
through the color stages, I found that
there was no 3.58-MHz signal. The color
bars were getting through fine. The burst
signal was at the input to the crystal. but
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I St ate ZiP:cD L
151
PLASTIC CASE TRANSISTORS
A big problem with heating plastic-
cased transistors to find intermitt ents is
that the cases tend to melt . To avoid that
problem, place a piece of mica insulation
between the tip of your soldering iron and
the case. That will let you heat the transis-
tor, but keep the case from melting-
Gene Corn, Greenville, SC R-E
VERTICAL LINES
The vert ical lines In the picture of this
Sears 562/10121 show a distinct bend.
That bend slowly moves up the picture
from the bottom to the top. What is going
on here?-D.G., Green Valley, AZ
Well, I can' t tell you exactly where the
problem is, but I can tell what is causing
it. What you are seeing is 60-Hz ripple
that is getting into either the horizontal
or the AFC. That causes a slight
phase shift-j ust enough to make the ver-
tical lines bend. To find the problem, use
a scope on the DC power-suppl y and look
for any sign of 60-Hz ripple. Keep the
vertical gain of your scope high to spot
any small ripple voltages .
now--everything works including the
+l20 -volt DC supply . The set has been
going for several hours and none of the
readings have changed.-John Ward,
Mishawaka, IN

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This Sylvania EO-5 was continuously
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that was supposed to be between the base
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not at the output. This circuit uses the
crystal as a narrow bandpass "filter. " So
if the crystal is bad. there is no burst and
no 3.58-MHz signal. There is no oscilla-
tor in this circuit; the burst itself is ampli-
fied to provide the reference signal. One
caution here: Don't use a stock oscillator
crystal in this type of circuit-only crys-
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HOT FLYBACK
The main problem in this Sanyo 91C4l
seemed to be a very hot flyback. You've
always said "Check everything else, and
if they are OK, it' s the flyback. " Well,
everything else did check out OK, so I got
my courage up and ordered a new one.
Once that was put in everything worked
fine.-David Daniel , Burbank, CA
For more detai Is use free
information card inside back cover.
NEWPRODUCTS
STANDBY POWER SYSTEM, model
SPS0200, provides 200 watts of emergency
electrical power at 120 volts for 20 minutes
and takes over the job of power supply auto-
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failurecould cause irretrievable loss of data in
memory and possibly irreversible damage to
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occur during disk access. In addition, the de-
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adjustment of the IF passband characteris-
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well as a tunable audio filter for CW rejection.
Power input is 250-watts PEP SSB, CW, and
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Th e model TS- 930S is pri ced at
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TRANSCEIVER, model TS-930S, is all solid
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More and more electronic techni cian
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replacements . .. t he lin e of i ntegrity,
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I
j I I'
152
traps and eliminates dangerous "spikes" in
current during normal usage.
Themodel SPS0200is pluggedinto a pow-
er outlet and the computer devices, including
ma inframe , terminal , and other pe-
ripherals are plugged in the SPS. As long as
the power is constant into the SPS, the cur-
rent passes through to thecomputer. Howev-
er, if power drops below 102 volts, a sensing
device immediately switches to output from
its internal battery and a red indicator light
warns the user what has happened. Since
most small computers will not notice a power
failure for approximately 3 cycles, the SPS
inverter will be in action long before the com-
puter knows that anything is amiss in the
line-power supply.
Thebatteryinverter will deliver 200 wattsat
120voltsfor 20 minutes under maximumload
conditions, which should give a computer
user ample time to get off the machine in
orderly fashion without the loss of a single
byte of data. If the power outageis brief, or is
only a "brownout" , with power returning to
normal in a fewseconds, the devicewill auto-
matically transfer back to line power, and the
integral regulated recharger will restore the
battery to full power.
The model SPS0200 is priced at $489.00.
A morepowerful model, the model SPS0400,
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vision, PO Box 43140, St. Paul, MN 55164.
CLEANERS, model VCR 130 (VHS format,
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Send check, address (NOP.O. BOX) plus $3.50
Handling. CT res. add 7\7% tax.
Phone orders: (203) 423-7940
to reach for reliabilit)r.
2
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153
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neapolis, MN 55427.
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output is a squarewave capableof driving two
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The model 100 is priced at $252.00.- HF
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Put Professional Knowledge and a
e
HOME
STUDY
in your Electronics Career through
Earn Your
pEGREE
No commuting to class. Study at your
own pace, while continuing your present
job. Learn from easy-to-understand les-
sons, with help from your home-study
instructors whenever you need it.
In the Grantham electronics program,
you first earn your A.S.E.T. degree, and
then your B.S.E.T. These degrees are ac-
credited by the Accrediting Commission
of the National Home Study Council.
Our free bulletin gives full detai ls of
t he home-study pro gram, the degrees
awarded, and the requirements for each
degree . Write for Bulletin R-82.
Grantham College of Engineering
2500 So. LaCienega Blvd.
Los Angeles, California 90034
COLLEGE DEGREE
The package includes manual, jumpers,
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ety of printers, including Epson, Anadex,
Centronics, IDS, Okidata, NEC, Diablo ,
Qume, and more. The model AID-If is priced
at $225.00.-SSM Microcomputer Pro-
ducts, Inc., 2190 Paragon Drive, San Jose,
CA 95131.
SATELLITE-TV RECEIVER, the Sky Eye IV,
uses the latest single-conversion electronics
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slide-rule dial and "center tune" LED make
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obtaining optimum sound or seeking audio-
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video-polarity control, AFC defeat, and LED
signal-strengthbar. Theremote downconver-
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fully compatible with KLM's "Mototrak" re-
mote-controlled, motorized 12' and 16' dish
systems.
THe recommended price of the Sky Eye IV
is $895.00.-KLMElectronics, POBox816,
Morgan Hill, CA 95037. R-E
0.05 PPM oven oscil lator, plus high-
resolution frequency-error meter (simulcast
paging); 10 Hz to 9999.9 Hz variable audio
generator, plus.audio-frequency error meter;
internal rechargeable battery (2-hour battery
operation); +10 dB high-output amplifier;
microphone, and telescopic antenna.
The model FM/AM-500 is pr iced at
$4995.00.- IFR, Inc., 10200 West York
Street, Wichita,KS 67215.
The model AID-If can perform four in-
dependent interface functions, including se-
rial modem, serial terminal/printer, parallel
Cent ro nics-compatible printer , and a
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INTERFACE BOARD, model AID-If, is de-
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CI:l
CD
I\J
155
Model
2805
$100.00
R4
':"
R6
+18V
RlR4
CU RRENT LIMiT
0.15n.2W
RESISTOR
R5
FEEDBACK
5K
RESISTOR
R6
FEEDBACK
15K
RESISTOR
R7-Rl 0 INPUT RESISTORS 10K
Cl-C4
BYPASS 4711F. 25V
CAPACITORS ELECTROLYTIC
C5 C8
BYPASS 101lF,25V
CAPACITORS TANTALUM
C9- C1 2
BYPASS O.ll1F, 25V
CAPACITORS CERAMIC
FIG. 2
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STATE OF SOUD STATE
Low distortion 40-watt power amp
Figure 2 shows how two LHO101' s can
be used in a bridge configuration to obtain
maximum available power output from a
specified supply voltage. Amplifier dis-
tortion curves are shown in Fig. 3. A slew
rate of 10 volts-per-us extends the full-
power bandwidth to beyond 100 kHz.
continued f rom page J48
distortion, if any, depends on how fast the
resting transistor can tum on and assume
its share of duty cycle . The condition
worsens as the frequency of the input
signal increases.
The output stage of the LHOIOI com-
bines both Class B and Class AB designs
to achieve smooth distortion-free switch-
ing at the crossover point.
The buffer stage of the LHOIOI (Fig. I)
is a unity-gain current amplifier consist-
ing of transistors Q3-QI I and Q5 and
Q1O. Operating in the Class AB mode,
what the buffer does is to provide dis-
tortion-free drive during the zero cross-
ing. Bandwidth extends beyond 50 MHz
to eliminate the possibilit y of bandwidth-
induced distortion .
FET' s Q7 and Q81imit the buffer-stage
output current to 50 rnA. However , the
output stage, consisting of Darlington
transistors QI and Q2, is set up so that
both transistors tum on as. the output-load
current reaches 25 rnA. Under operating
conditions, the buffer drives the load at
current s up to 25 rnA. Above that point,
the output stage takes over, delivering
power up to the rated output limit. Thus,
the power-driving ability of the buffer
stage is used to "smooth" the tum- on
delay of the output stage and eliminate
crossover distortion.
Transistors Q6 and Q9 are in the circuit
to prevent the output stage from being
over-driven. Current- sensing resistor s
(Rsd may be connected bet ween the
supply and sc terminal s to set the limiting
level. A drop of approximately 0.6volt
across a sensing resistor turns on either
Q6 or Q9. That in turn, turns on QI 2 or
Q4, respectively , to prevent excess base
current from driving the output stage be-
yond the design limit. Current -sensing
resistors R
sc
= 0.6/I
sc.
When I
sc
= 2
amps, R
sc
= 0.3 ohms.
200 mV to 1,000 V acldc volt age ranges
. 200 p.Ato 10 Aac/dc current ranges
.0.8% typi cal dc accuracy
Measures resistance to 20 MD
Model
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Ideal for field service
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EfWdiiM,ti
6460 West Cort land Str eet
Chi cago, Illinois 60635' 312/889-9087
IntI. Sis .. 6"60 W. Cortland St . , Chicago, Il 60635
Can adia n Sales ; Atlas El ectroni cs. Onta rio
Application precautions
In this and other high-current high-
power amplifie rs, part icular attention
must be given to ground connections and
the length and diameter of PC traces
carrying high currents. Keep them short
to minimize the development of error vol-
tages. Figure 4 shows a suitable method
of circuit grounding. The heavy lines
represent paths or traces carrying high
currents.
FIG. 3
The importance of minimizing error
voltages can be seen as we examine the
current-sensing circuitry in the amplifier
in Fig. 2. The current-sensing resistors
are Rl , R2, R3, and R4; 0.15-ohm, 2-
watt unit s that develop the O.6-vol t
needed to trigger the current-limiting cir-
cuit. A PC trace with a resistance of only
10 milliohm (0.01 ohm) carrying 2 amps
will develop a 20-mV error voltage . Add
156
Other applications
The LHOIOI is ideall y suited for serv-
ice as a programmable current source,
coaxial cable driver , CRT yoke driver,
FIG. 4
to that the possible error voltages that may
develop across the 5-milliohm resistance
of agood solder joint and the 10-milliohm
resistance of a socket contact.
A heat sink is a must to keep the
LHOIOI' s operating temperature within a
safe range. It should have a thermal resist-
ance of 3.5C-per-watt ambient. A typ-
ical heat sink with that rating, and suitable
for a TO-3 device package, is the Ther-
malloy 6141. It should be mounted with a
mica insulator and a liberal application of
a thermal-contact fluid or silicone grease .
SIGNAL
GRO UND
+V -V
LOAO
SUPPLY
COMMON
and a driver for inducti ve loads. For in-
formation on adapting the device to those
applications, refer to Application Note
AN-26 1- Low-Distortion Wideband
Power Op Amp and LHOIOI Power Op-
erational Amplifer Data Sheet available
from Nati onal Semiconductor , 2900
Semiconductor Drive, Santa Clara, CA
95051.
Divide-by-four-prescaler
The RCA CA3199E divi de-by-four
prescaler takes signals in the VHF/UHF
band (up to 1.3 GHz) and reduces them to
low-frequency logic levels. The device' s
high sensitivity eliminates the need for
preamplification in most cases . Applica-
tions include digital frequency synthesis
in VHF/UHF receivers, frequency stan-
dards, and as high-frequency dividers in
UHF timers and counters.
Accepting either single- or double-
ended AC-coupled input signals, the
CA3199E provides complement ary emit-
ter-follower outputs at standard ECL
levels. With unloaded outputs, the typical
logic I level is 4.2 volts while the logic 0
is 3.4 volts. The device operates from 5
0. 5 volts. The nominal input signal is a
100mVsinusoidal waveform in the range
of 100 MHz to 1000 MHz; the maximum
RMS input voltage is 0.5 volt.
Transition time of logic output is 0.6 ns
for both risetime and falltime. In an 8-pin
mini-DIP, the device is $2. 79 at the 100-
piece level.- RCA Sol id State Div. , Box
3200, Somerville, NJ 08876.
Video Generator
Solid State Scientific has introduced
the SND video generator that includes
such desirable features as reverse video,
underline, strikethrough, and character
blink. It operates with the company' s
SND5037 CRT timer/controller to pro-
vide the display functions required of a
video display terminal. The device has an
expa ndable character set, video shift
register, four character and graphics
modes, and two programmable blink
rates. The 28-pin device operates from a
5-volt supply. the price is $15.95 in lots
of 100.- Solid.State Scientific, Inc. ,
Montgomeryville, PA 18936.
Microminiature infrared LED
Motorola expands its line of infrared
LED' s with the addition of the MLEDI5
in a tiny clear plastic housing only 0. 092
inch in diameter and 0.058 inch high. It
has anoutput of 1.3 mWat a forward peak
current of 30 rnA. The peak emiss ion
wavelength is 930 nanometers so the
MLEDI5 is physically and spectrally
matched to the MRD150 phototransistor
detector for use in interrupter modules
and reflective couplers. The price is
$2 .00 in 1-99 quantities. -Motoro la
Semiconductor Products Inc. , PO Box
20912, Phoenix, AZ 80536. R-E
157
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III
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The FM-2400CH with its extended range cov-
ers 25 to 1000 MHz.
The frequencies can be those of the radio fre-
quency channels of operation and/or the inter-
mediate frequencies of the receiver between 5
MHz and 40MHz.
Frequency stability: .0005% from +50 to
+104F.
Frequency stability with built-in thermometer
and temperature corrected charts: .00025%
from +25 to +125 (.000125% special 450
MHz crystals available).
Tests Predetermined Frequencies 25 to
1000 MHz
Pin Diode Attenuator for Full Range tover
age as Signal Generator
Measures FM Deviation
---------
FM2400CH (meter only) $690.49
RF cry stal s (with temp.
correction) $28.89 ea.
RF cry stal s (less temp.
correct ion) $21.92 ea.
IF crystals catalog price
Write for catalog
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companies had and have a vested interest in
promoting the name of their founders.
Mrs. Cheney has done much to correct the
impression of strangeness and alienation.
She presents a Tesla quite different from the
one we have seen in earlier works. Instead of
a detached being, with no interest in com-
mercial affairs, Tesla emerges as a person
with very real worries, trying to find ways
around his financial problems. His social life
is well covered, and his non-technical writ-
ings (poetry and biographies of Yugoslavs he
admired) are cited.
Mrs. Cheney's research appears to have
been fantastic. She finds no evidence for the
famous "$1 million cash and $1 per horse-
power royalty" George Westinghouse is sup-
posed to have offered him. Westinghouse
records, Mrs. Cheney says, indicate that Tes-
la was paid $60,000 for his 40 patents. The
royalty was, however, $2.50 per horsepower
instead of $1. That led to the confrontation in
which Tesla tore up his contract. He was paid
$216,000 at that time, in lieu of royalties.
The Tesla-Edison Nobel-prize story is
TESLA-MAN OUT OF TIME, by Margaret
Cheney, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood
Cliffs, NJ 07632. 320 pages, Including In-
dex,6 x 9 inches, hard cover. $16.95.
Nikola Tesla was probably the greatest of
all' American inventors. His alternating-
current system, developed by a mind that
could "see" the electric fields in space and
thereby the rotating electromagnetic field, is
the foundation of our modern civi lization. His
radio-frequency oscillation transformer (Tes-
la coil) was invented in 1891, and he demon-
strated radio transmission and reception in
1893. In 1899 he demonstrated a radio-
controlled boat in Madison Square Garden. In
the same year, in his Colorado Sprinqs lab-
oratory, he produced electric discharges of
over 12 million volts. His more than 900 pat-
ents range from therapeutics to mechanical
engines.
Yet Tesla is practically unknown today.
Why? The consensus seems to be that it was
because he was a "loner " and built up no
organization to carry on his name as well as
his work, whereas the Marconi and Edison
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GL8DSTOnEEIBctronics
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- Mail to Gladstone Electronics,
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a: Checks or money orders. NoCOOs . Add shipping.
lor OJ'.- Stucio '.-Broadcosl'"
This book enables the user to learn compu-
ter language in the best way : through actual
practice. The 50 graduated exercises have
been chosen especially for their eductional
value and their real-world applicability. Each
exercise includes a statement and analysis of
the problem, a solution with flowchart, com-
ments, corresponding program, and results
of an actual run. The format makes it easy to
learn the BASIC language quickly, assuring
progress and comprehension at each step
along the way.
The programs are in the fields of mathema-
tics, business, operations research, games ,
etc. All programs are written in Microsoft
BASIC and verified on a TRS-BO. R-E
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AaRON-GAVIN
123 South McClay Str eet. Unit F.
Santa Ana. CA92701. 714) 957-8710
FIFTY BASIC EXERCISES, by J.P.
Lamoitier. Sybex, 2344 Sixth Street,
Berkely, CA 94710. 231 pages, inclUding
appendices and index; 7 x 9 inches; soft-
cover; $12.95.
relating to the model VA48 , combining all
information from technical articles, instruc-
tion manuals, the author's own troubleshoot-
ing data, and all articles that have appeared
in the Sencore news on the model VA48 for
the past few years . The reader has at his
fingertips all of the test and troubleshooting
procedures for the Sencore Video Analyzer.
The book is fully illustrated with photographs
and diagrams.
CIRCLE152ONFREEINFORMATION CARD
PRACTICAL TV TROUBLESHOOTINGUS-
ING A VIDEO ANALYZER, by Robert L.
Goodman. TAB Books, Blue Ridge Sum-
mit, PA17214. 308 pages inclUding appen-
dix and index; 5% x 8% inches; hard-
cover; $18.95.
The video service technician has always
wanted a fast, reliable system for signal
injection-to substitute for stages thought to
be the cause of a video-system defect. The
Sencore model VA48 TV-VTR-MATV and
Video Analyzer provides all signals for injec-
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other time-saving features for the video tech-
nician.
This book is a troubleshooter's manual,
equally in dispute, and Cheney is not sure
that the facts were ever brought out. Another
interesting story is that of the 200 lamps lit 26
miles away from his Colorado station. Tesla 's
notes, Cheney says, contain no mention of
that feat.
In discussing Tesla's achievements, she
goes into details that have not been made
clear previously. Describing his robot boat of
1899, she points out that the remote radio
control could be activated only by the simulta-
neous reception of two or more waves at
different frequencies, rendering it invulner-
able to outside jamming or interference.
She devotes a chapter to "The Great Radio
Controversy" between Tesla and Marconi ,
resolved in Marconi 's favor in 1915, but re-
versed by the Supreme Court in 1943 (after
Testa's death) with full acknowledgment that
"Tesla had anticipated all others with his fun-
damental radio patents."
The Tesla turbine is covered in much great -
er detail than heretofore. The original mod-
el-about the size of a derby hat-weighed
10 pounds and produced 30 horsepower. It is
st ill not certain whether it can be mass-
produced pract ica lly with state-of-the-art
materials. She also goes deeply into what
happened to the "missing papers" in Tesla's
safe after his death, devoting a full chapter to
the subject.
With her diligent investigation into matters
about which other authors have simply used
the last writer's information without verifica-
tion, or skimmed over , or overlooked entirely,
combined with her sympathetic presentation
of Tesla as a human being, Mrs. Cheney, and
her book , have made an important contribu-
tion to the history of science.
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PRINTED circuit boards from sketch or artwork. Kit
projects . Free details . DANOC INTHS INC., Box
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CABLE TV converters and equipment. Plans and
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LIGHTING displ ay sequencers and controllers.
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Cudahy, WI 53110
SUBSCRIPTION TV KITS
UHF Gated Pulse Kit .$39.00
UHF Sinewave Kit. .. $37.00
Kits i ncl u d e parts, manual
and etched pc board.
Informative Catalog...$2.00
J &W ELECTRONICS
P. O. BOX 61-B
CUMBERLAND, RI. 02864
Y
.one 0 CAPACITANCE METER .l pF t0 9 99KuF
on 0 FREOUENCY COUNTER 35MHz
k it 0 SOUARE WAVE GEN. 1Hz to 99KHz-
o OHMMETER - 3.58MHz Xtal - Reg Ulated PS- Five
.8 " Readout s-Low cost TT L Ci rcuit s-Automat i c
Dec imal Pla cement-Be AMAZED -Build It f or
$ 60 or le ss. I Purchase the plans. ddiled P.C.
board 4- 3/4" by 6 - 3/4" and fr ont panel de cal
for $2<.79 1 BAGNALL ELECTRONICS, Refund.
179 May Street , Fair f ield. Conn . 06430 . bl e
APPLE II compat ible. Highly advanced MMS bur-
glar alarm kit. Includes mil spec sensor, floppy soft-
ware, interface PCboards, parts list, schematic , and
instructions. $199.50 introductory order CKiMOI
COD. RIGEL SYSTEMS, 2974-R Scott Blvd., Santa
Clara, CA 95050 . (408) 727-3628
FREE 1982 catalog; components, kits, P.C. board
materials, enclosures. HAUCK ELECTRONICS,
1928 Fairacres Ave., Pittsburgh , PA 15216
8085 SBC COMPUTER. Bare board with manual
$40.00, monitor ROM $20.00, both $55.00, manual
$7.50. Requires terminal, power supply. Send
SASEfor brochure. MINIMAL SYSTEMS, P.O. Box
1064-R, Acton, MA 01720
MICROWAVE television "downconverters." In-
troduci ng powerful new 5-stage design. Easil y
assembled. Catalog: $2.00 (refundable). NOS, Box
12652-R, Dallas, 75225
PROFESSIONAL electronic devices, plans, kits,
P.C. circuitry, famous drop in microphone cartridge,
debugging equipment , more items available. For
information send $2.00: MOUNTAIN ELECTRO-
NICS, R. 2, Box 186A, Charlotte, TN 37036 /
SUBSCRIPTION television educat ional manual.
Complete theory and circuits, $9.95. Parts and kits
ava i lable. 0 & S ENTERPRISES, PO Bo x
110901RE, Nashville, TN 37210
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PROJECTION TV ... Convert your TV to project 7
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trated information free . Credit card orders 24 hours.
(215) 736-3979 . MACROCOMGB, Was hingto n
Crossing, PA 18977
ELECTRONIC
ORGAN KITS
3-4 Manuals
THEATER and CLASSICAL
Refundeble Parts
Wur litzer reproduct ions Brochure $2.00 Catalog $2.00
dfIlt, DEVTRONIX ORGANS, INC., Dept 60
6101WAREHOUSEWAY. SACRAMENTO. CA 95826
MICROWAVE HORN ANTENNA KIT
1.7-26 GHzFrequencyRange17-19Ib Gain Kit w/Assembly Instructions S39.95*
Down Converter Board 519.95* (w/AntennaKit 514.951
Parts Kitfor Board529.95* (WfAn . tenna or Board 524.95) ".
COMPLETELY ASSEMBLEOANOTESTEO SYSTEM$129.95 ....
greater)
MICROTENNA ASSOCIATES
2335 South 2300 West, Salt Lake City, Utah 84119
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10 for $9.00
Completelyplasticmolded
constructionfor weather-
proofing. Suppliedwith
rubber boot
VHF/UHF MATCHING TRANSFORMERS
Model MT-l $.75ea
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VHF/UHF 75-300 ohm
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SATELLITERECEIVER COMPLETE KIT $395.00,
manual $15.00.12 It. parabolic antenna complete
$795.00, manual $20 .00 . MICROWAVE SYS
TEMS, P.O. Box 1000, Westminster, CA 92683
CAPACITANCE instrument kit, $69.95. Write or
phone: ANDERS PRECISION INSTRUMENT CO.,
4 Bridge St Plaza, P.O. Box 75, Willimantic, CT
06226 (203) 423-7940
Earn up to 5600 a Week & More!
No costly school - The Origin.l FCC Tests .
's-
Newly multiplecholce ':ums cower.1l -....- .... _ .;..4
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$12.95 post
Dept.E P.O. Box San Francisco, CA 94126
DISCOUNT technica l books. Sams, Hayden, TAB,
and others, 15-30%, write COMPUTERWARE, Box
10070, San Jose, CA 95157
UNIVERSITY degrees by mai l! Bachelors, Masters,
Ph.D.'s...Free reveali ng details. COUNSELING,
Box 317-RE10, Tustin, CA 92680
Highly Elfeclive Home Siudy BSEEDegree PrO-
gram for Experienced Electronic Technic ians
Our New Advanced Placement Program grants
'I Credit for previous Schooli ng &:Professional Ex-

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. FREEDESCRIPTM lI TERATUREI
. Cook's Instituteof ElecfronicsEngineering
, DESK 15 P.O. BOX 20345. JACKSON . MS 39209
YOUR own radio station. AM, FM, cable, licensed.
unlicensed. Low cost transmitter kits. Free info.
BROADCASTING, Box 130- F10, Paradise, CA
95969
EDUCATION & INSTRUCTION
VHF/FM AMPUFIERS ()
Mode17002 $9.95ea '"
All solid state signal arnpllfier - . w
boosts weak signals. For 2 sets. .
Model 7004 $12.95ea
For up to 4 sets. Signal gain3 dB
ua
-. DISTRIBUTION
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.DeslgnedforTVIVCR
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QUICK CONNECT "p'
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ModelV 400 1.50
ea
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"p' PLUG RG 59U
QUICKCONNECT ModelV 4036
"P' PWG -- fJ $250
ModelV 403 .75 ' _ ea
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For 75 ohm cable. .
No wiring necessary. 6 It.
COAXIALSWITCHINGFOR
TV VIDEO CASSETTE
RECOR. DERS $6 95 $
Model AB-370 ea ' -

push-l:Juttonswitch.
COAX AB SWITCHES
$2.95ea
- . .... o. Impul: 75 ohm e Output: 75 ohm.
Model AB-28 $2.95ea Model AB-29 $2.95
Input: 75 ohm. Input: 75 & 300 ohm.
OutPut:300ohm.

ANTENNA/CABLE TV I
SWITCH $10 95 ' t
Model AB-400 ea :'" '
ANTENNA/CABLE TV
$9.95ea
Switches fromcableto antenna
systeminstantly. Accepts75 or
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COAXIAL SWITCH
TV GAME SWITCH ModeIOC8-AlB$7.95
ModelV 450 $2.95 Aversatileproduct,with a
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RCAp1uQ. _ MATVaEPlicatlons.
UPGRADE your osci lloscope to lab quality. Unique
project adds delayed sweep, single sweep, and
video sync separator to your inexpensive triggered
sweep scope. Complete plans, $6.95, kit $94.95 .
Use your oscilloscope as a video monitor, plans
$2.95. RANDOM ACCESS, Box 41770R, Phoenix,
AZ 85080
SCANNER enthusiasts! Finally, you can order all
your needs from one catalog! Accessories, kits,
frequencies, schemat ics, and even some tricks to
help you tune frequenci es you thought impossib le!
Plus tons more! Send $5.00 (refundable with first
order) to THE SCAN MAN, Suite 170, 478 W.
Hamilton Ave., Campbell, CA 95008
MUSICAL car horn-plays any of 30 tunes! Su-
per loud! Complete schematic $3.95 ; schematic
with PC board $13.95. L.E.A. 2301 S. Millbend
Dr., Box 1801, Woodlands, TX 77380
SENSORS: motio n, position, sound, heat, light,
pressure, speed, power. We source parts, info, cus-
tom design. Write for descr iption. Please include
$3.00 service charge . Refundable. P.E.D.S., 15285
Triskette, Suite 1, Cleve., OH 4411 1
OUCH! Watch friends cri nge in shock from tickler
coil. Plans $1.00 . ELECTRONIC DESIGN AND
PLANS, Box 241 Midland, MI 48640
SINE wave decoder problems? Solve them with
essential information including trouble shoot ing,
alignment, antenna book-up, improvements. Man-
ual , $15.00. SIGNAL PRESS, Box 2512-R, Culver
City, CA 90230
LASER5-build your own CO
2
laser, 25 watts plus
from commercia lly available components. Powerful
enough for industrial appl icat ions. We don't just sell
information, we manufacture components. Send
$20.00 for complete work ing plans and detai ls.
FALCON MACHINE, INC., 7255 W. Stewart Ave.,
Wausau, WI 54401
FM stereo transmitter kit 88-108 MHz tunable.
Hi-fi specs. 'h mile range. Includes power supply,
cabi net, 40 page instructio ns, $120.00. Free in
fo rmat io n before purchase if .desl red. FMS
BROADCASTING, Box 130-F l0, Paradise, CA
95969
Moot., Chllrg. N.Y. _IADDFOR SHIPPING AND INSURANCE
toaso.DO.... . .. . 4.SO
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REMOTE CONTROL
TV TUNER
$110.00ea _
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36 CHANNEL UP
CONVERTER FOR TV
& VTRcable VHF to UHF
Model V5736
1-3 pieces$29.95ea
4 pieces & up $24.95ea-
VIDEO SWITCHER
Model V 4801 $29.95 ea

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BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
LAWYER Business liti gation, patents, appeals.
JEROME FIELD, B 292, Brooklyn 11230. Phone
(212) 434-0781. Eves. 434-1825
ATARI repair business. Start your own. Send $5.00
for more information to: IRATA REPAIRS, 2562
East Glade, Mesa AZ, 85204
USED TV's-tougher the economy- more the de-
mand. Get started in this lucrative part or full time
businessout of your own home. Complete detailson
how to buy, sell, price, service tips, much more.
$5.00. USED TV's , Dept. RE, Box 19754, in-
dianapolis, IN 46219
MECHANICALLY inclined individual s desiring
ownership of Small Electron ics Manuf acturing
Business-without investment. Writ e: BUSI-
NESSES, 92-R, Brighton 11th, Brooklyn, NY 11235
MAKE money selling electronics. Wholesale dealer
catalog $5.00 (redeemable). ETCO, Dept. 533, Box
840, Champlain, NY 12919
MICROWAVE receiver system. Wri t e: "Dealers
Wanted," Dept. REB, POB 4181, Scottsdale, AZ
85258 (602) 941-9395
DEALERS wanted: MATV/CATV, antennas, nee-
dles, films, free catalog. 212-897-0509. D & WR,
66-19 Booth, Flushing, NY 11374
LCD watches and pen watches-only $6.95 each.
No minimums. Send 50 P & H for orders under
$15.00. 0 & 0 ENTERPRISES, P.O. Box 3004,
Torrance, CA 90510
PROJECTION TV ... Make $200.00 + per evening
assemblin!il projectors ... Easy ... Results equal to
$2,500 projectors ... Your total cost less than$15.00
... Pl ans, lens & dealer's information $14.00 ... Illus-
trated information free ... MACROCOMGBX, Wash-
ington Crossing, PA 18977. Credit card orders 24
hours. (215) 736-2880
ELECTRONIC firm is looking for assemblers in-
terested inworking at home. Send$3.00 application
fee: I.R.D.C., Joppa Hill Ave., Manchester, NH
03102
SATELLITE TELEVISION
SATELLITE televisi on .. . Howard / Col eman
boards to build your own receiver. For more in-
formation write: ROBERT COLEMAN. Rt. 3, Box
58-ARE, Travelers Rest, SC 29690
This Publication
is available in Microform.
University Microfilms International
300 North Zeeb Road, Dept. P.R.. Ann Arbor. Mi. 48106
SATELLITE equipment catalog. Over 25 of the best
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For FreeInformation Pack M40
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HIGHLY
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SATELLITE TV earth station site survey, complete
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dywine Road, Brandywine, MD 20613 .
continued
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7116 WATERVUET AVE. DAYTON, OHIO 45420

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Newantenna consuucnon plans plusbig8x 11
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POWER SUPPLI ES
SATELLITE TV WEEK
The most complete weekl y list ings. We cover more than
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SATELLITE TV low noise amp lifier or down con-
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each! Satisfaction guaranteed, XANDI , Dept.
21C, Box 25647, Tempe, AZ 85282
P.O. Box 308 . Fortuna. California 9 5540
Calitoll lree: (800) 3589997 . u.lllornIA(707) 725-2476
UHF CONVERTERS
DECODE Morse, radi oteletype signals l rm air-
waves withCODE-STARreader. Kit $169.95, wired
$229.95. Shippi ng $5.00. MICROCRAFT, Box
513R. Thiensville, WI 53092 (414) 241-4654
YES! yo u can save up to 90% o n
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$150 . 00 buys a 4 MHz Z80 A with
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SATELLITE television: Everything from LNA' s, re-
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TIES, Box 3124, Santa Clara, CA 95055
TRUCKLOAD sale, Ampex high quality open reel
tape, 1800' or 2400' on 7" reels. used once, un-
boxed. Case of 40, $45.00. Cassettes available.
VALTECH ELECTRONICS, Box 6-RE, Richboro,
PA 18954
REEL TO REEL TAPES
Satellite TV Week
SATELLITE television! KLM Sky Eye 4 $695.00.
Sat Tec R2BR $550.00, Avantek 120 $445.00.
Others- call today! COMMUNCIATIONS CON
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DELUXE sine wave UHF converter. Sound out of
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LSR ENGINEERING, PO Box 6075, Chicago, IL
60680
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HIl"G60 1. " ..,m TOJ
11'111 $ !(I Tll'l 4!>

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l MJ11T . .. $17 5
l M337K ...... . $2 .50
41940 . . ..... . $ .95
113 $ 50
32OT5.l l .15:.. 74 $ 90
18M0') $ 35
TTLIC SERIES 74162 eo
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6A
rn SIZE
SP 12OO0"m l:ool
'00 ISO ',,, ', 20
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100 '1 65 i 330
DP 400 ohm 1:0,1
600 1 30 1 1 90 1 440
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29.00
35.00
45.00
45.00
25.00
1402 - 45
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14C14 so
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1010
14ct6 '.0
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14C113 IXI
14C114 1)()
14Cl1!1 120
14C1U 130
14C901 so
14C902- .10
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7 POSITIOfj' 40
8POS ITlO", 1
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14.5111 US
145 151 1.25
1451. 1.15
14$ 114 1.40
145 115 1.40
145 1M 1.10
14 $240 1.00
745251 1.50
14S251 1.40
14S21O 1.50
14SJ1O 1.50
145m 225
.... . $70.00
100 .45 .80 1.55
200 .Bi 2 10
400 130 1-90 3 10
ri.o fOO 12'75 4 30
TRIAC's
CTS206 4
CTS206 7
CTS206 8
CTS:i'06 10
DIPSWITCHES
DISC Control ler s
1771 .
1791 .
1793
1795 .
1797 .
0765C.
CRT Controllers
TMS9927Nl. .. .. $ 9.95
6845 16.95
8275 15.95
ROM's
2732 . $ 9.95
2716 4.95
1060 _ SPO I - 110
2OeO _ 0 '01 - I !(I
:"'Y.>. 0 T CEOHf AOH S17S
745SERIES
7<1514 .70
14511 10
14Stt 1.10
145 112 .
145 1)3 1 40
1451. Ui O
145 1. 1.25
1451 )1 1.10
14.5140 1 00
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145151 l.25
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3.75
6.00
SPECI ALS
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SPECIALSGOOD THRUOCT. 1982
,...,
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,....
" SO<
' 4501
,....
14S10
14S11
14515
" $Jll
"S'"
" S>2
CPU's
6602... .
ocroA..
2ll:lA.. .
.5V at 800ma SOLAR CELLS
3" diameter $4.35
7 SEGMENT DISPLAYS
FSCOO24-4 digit Dl 707 C.A. .3" $ .75
e.c.S"' dlsplay . . . . . $5.95 FND810 .S"'CA $1.95
FN0 3S9. .. . . $ .75 MANS4C .C.Grm $ .75
FND503 C.C..S $ .85 MAN5 C. C. Green . $ .75
OL704 .3"'C.C $ .85 " MAN82 C.A. Yellow $ .75
FLAT RIBBON CABLE
GRAY. 28 glu ge
2fj conduclor . ... . . . . lSO!h 40 conduc tor . . . .. . .90/ ft
5Oco ndt,u;:tor . 1.00
TOGGLESWITCHES
NO. 30 W IREWRAPW IRE
SINGLESTRANOt OO' ..$1.40
20 PIN .30
24 PIN .35
28 PIN .40
40 PIN .60
8 PIN .17
14 PIN .20
16 PIN .22
18 PIN .25
14 PIN HEADERS. . . . . . 3/ $1.00
24 PIN HEADERS .75
40 PIN HEADERS. . 1.10
50PIN EDGEBOARD CONN. . . . 3.95
26 PIN EDGEBOARD CONN. . . . . 2.50
50PIN RIGHT ANGLE CONN 3.95
20PIN RIGHT ANGLECONN 2.25
CPU'S & SUPPORT CHIPS
.... -
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ROM's
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IN4148 I1N9141 15/ 1.00
TANTALUM CAPACITORS
.22UF 35Y 5/ $1.00 10lJF2OV _ $ .40
.47UF35V 5/ $1.00 22UF lOV _ $ .30
.68UF 35V 5/$1.00 15UF 16V 3/$1.00
lU F2QV 5/ $1.00 JOUF6 V 5/$1.00
2.2UF 20V 5/ $1.00 33UF1OV $ .-40
3.3UF20V 4/ $1.00 47UF20V $ .85
4.7UF35V 4/ $1.00 68UF 10V $1.00
6.BUF35V 3/ $1.00 120UF6V $ .75
200UF 20V $1.75
2N3820 P FET . . . . . .. . $ .45
2N5457 N FET. . . . .. .. ... . . $ .45
2N2646 UJT $ .45
ER900TRIGGERDIODES 4/$1.00
2N6028 PROG. UJT . . . . , $ .65
DI SC CA PAC I TORS
. 1UF 16V 10/ $1.00 100/$8 .00
01UF35V 161$1.00 100/ $5 00
1/16" thick wi th 1/10" spacing
4Y," X 6Y." .. . . . $1.95
OATEL' S OAC.alEO
8 bit DAC - $ 4.95
CRYSTALS
DIP SOCKETS
7 WATTLD65 LASER
DIODE(l R) $8.95
25 wan Infra Red Pulse (SG2006 equiv .l
Laser Diode (Spec sheet included) $24.95
RS232
CONNECTORS
DB25P male . . . $2.75
DB255female 3.75
HOODS 1.25
: .. ::::::::.: II.ll
N "Kl NN
I "etE
PRINTE D CIRCUIT BOARD
SIDED EPOXY BOARD \ . - THICK 1IIl
$ lSOea 5' $2 60
. EPOXY GLASS VECTOR BOARD i
(f)
g
Z
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a:
b
w
-l
W
6
(5
a:
POSTAGE AOO 10% FOR ORDERS UNDER $25.00
RATES ADD 5% FOR ORDERS BETWEEN$25.00 AND $50.00
ADD 3% FOR ORDERS ABOVE $50.00
SOLID STATE SALES

P.O. BOX 740
SOMERVILLE, MASS. 02143
0 '
... ...
TEL. (617) 547-7053
WE SHIP OVER 95%
OF OUR ORDERS WITHIN
24 HOURS OF RECEIPT
TOLL FREE 180()'343-5230
FOR ORDERS ONLY
LABOR ATORY quality 5-volt. 12-volt, tri-voltage
supply for Op-Amps, IC's, Microprocessors. Kit
$69.95. Wired $89.95. Shipping $4.00. MICRO-
CRAFT, Box 513R, Thiensville. WI 53092. (414)
241-8144
SLOW SCAN TV
SEND and receive video pictures over ordinary
phone iines or amateur radio with VIDEOSCAN.
Free brochure . MICROCRAFT, Box 513 RE,
Thiensville, WI 53092 (414) 241-8144
164
1.25
.79
.49
1.65
1.05
- w ,
e "
r1- -/
'L:-
PRICE
8.90
10.80
12.311
13.00
Refer to our previous
SEPTEMBERad for other
devices not listed here.
Active is your one stop
sourcefor the widest
variety of electronic
components. Contact us
for devices not listed and
for volume quotes.
Unless superceded next
month, the prices will
remain vali d for 60 days.
2.75
3.22
3.67
4.40
5.05
5.75
7.25
8.25
27.95
-SPECIAL-
THE SI MPLE SOLUTION
TO I.C. SELECTION
1982 I.C. MASTER
Deluxe 3500 Page z-vot urns Set
55.000 I.C. Devices
150 Manufacturers
2400 Comp lete Data Sheets
from 52 Manutact urers
Regularly $82.50
Super $49 95
Low Pnce
ACT NOW WHIL E QUANTITIES LAST
WIDTH DEP7H
508" 525"
508" 525"
6 06" 6 25"
6 06" 6 25"
- SWITCHES
SPEECH EVALUATION BOARD
"Latest Technology from Active"
LIMITED QUANTITY
PLUG I N YOUR OWN EPROM AND
IT SAYS WHAT YOU WANT IT TO SAY
SPSB1001-01 $1 59.95
HEIGHT
150"
225"
2 50"
3 25"
FLAT RIBBON CABLE
GREY I RAINBOW
351FT. 34 .85/ FT. 14COND 491FT. 34 COND 1.221FT
391FT ol DCOND .991FT. 16 571FT. 40COND 1.43/FT.
651F7. \ 0CO"O 125/F7. 15CONO .79/ FT. 10COND 1.791F7.
Avau blllCo6ors: Blick. Grty. TanI nd Blue
Texas
PLASTIC ENCLOSURES
by PAC1l.TEC
MPA-l03C SPST nOfmally opensubminiature pushbuttonswrtcn
MSS-4250 4 POT miniature slide swrtcf
SlS 220 oPOTminiature slide switch

14
1b
t'')
Instruments
I.C. SOCKETS
DUALINLINE DUALINLINE
LOW PROFILE fi WIRE WRAP
I.C. SOCKETS I.C. SOCKETS
Contact Pnce COO" 'IS Pnce //1j C.' ''C1S PT COO"", PTK.
08 .12 10 .20 08 .34 20 .8'
14 .14 22 .22 101 ,52 22 .88
16 .16 24 .24 16 55 24 .97
18 .18 28 28 HI .57 28 1.19
40 .40 40 1.71
UNGARPRINCESS LINE FOR
MICRO SOLDERING
6976 lOW. 3 WireIron 27:25 6960 Pencn Nib. Plated 2.04
6990 SoklerIronHol der 9.82 6961 Screwcnver Nib. Plated 2.04
6991
HOlder
1.62 6962 SpareNib. Plated 2.04
6910 12.58 6939

39.69
691 5 15W Heat Unit 12.58 6943 6.05
6903 3Wlre Handie 15.05 6944 Desolder TIp 50 DIA 6.05
6950 Pencu Nib. Copper 1.10 6945 Desolder TIp 375 DIA 6.05
6951 Screwonver Nib. Copper 1.10 6946 DeSOIder TIp 1800lA 6.05
6952

1.10 6947 Desol der TIp. Slotted 4040
6953 2.04 6982 Duat-rn-Lme Extractor 5.40
6983 T05Extractor 5.00
HO. OFCOHTAC7S
491109P 9
4911095 9
491115P 15
15
491125P 25
4911255 25
491137P 37
4911375 37
s=SOCKET, P=PLUG
CM5125K
CM5200K
CM6- 225K
CM6-3OQK
ILD74 1.49
ILO74 3.60
ILCT 6 1.85
MCT 2 .52
OPTOELECTRONICS
L.E.D. umps,
LtD 209 T-l grnm Rea . .10
LED211 T-13mmGreen .19
LEO212 T-l 3mmYellow .14
LEO220 i -l 3/ 4 Smm Rea .11
LED222 T-l 3/ 4 SmmGreen .19
LEO224 T- 13/ 4 Smrn Yellow ,19
FNO 357 1.29
FN0 5OQlTl l 322 1.19
FN0 5071TIl 321A 1.19
72 ... 1.05
(4 DIgit. 16 Segment Alpha Num) 24.95
DL 2416
(4 Digit. 17 SegmentAlpha Numl
Is ol. to n
T1l 111. 51
4N 26 .51
4N 33 .69
3.95
4.50
7.95 I----.................__ .....- ... ...- .....
6.25
7.75
29.95
2.45
2.45
2.45
2.45
6.95
5.95 ....- - - --....---.....---...:.-....-1
10.95
13.95
26.95
12.80
12.80
13.95
28 PIN
24 PIN
ECL RAM
104140C / HM2510 5.95
256 x 1 BIT FULLY OECOOEO15NS 16 PIN
MISCELLANEOUS
MEMORIES
93L422PC 1K(256x 4) Low Power 14.95
TTL RAM Tnstate
93L422DC lK (256x4) LowPower 15.95
TTL RAM Instate
93422DC 1K(256 x 4) TTL RAM
Instate
UPD4104C (4096 x l ) STATICRAM 2.95
300NSInstate
Microprocessor Quartz
Crystals
St andard Fr equ enci es and Packages
1 t hru 12 MHZ only $4.95 ea.
6.95
4.65
7.95
10.85
11.00
6500
FAMILY
C2732
8K (l K x 8) 450NS 24 PIN
16K (2K x 8) 450NS 24 PIN
Single 5 Volt Supply. lntel Pin Out
16K (2K x 8) 350NS 24 PIN
Single 5V Supply. Intel Prn Out
16K (2K x 8) 450NS 24 PIN
3 Power Supply. T I Pin Out
32K (2K x 8) 4,ONS 24 PIN
T I Pin Out
32K (4K x 8) 450NS
Intel Pin Out
C2764-30 64K (8K x 8) 300NS
Intel Pin Out
C2764-45 54K (8K x 8) 450NS 28 PIN
Intel PinOut
BIPOLAR PROM'S
6330/82S23 32 x 8 Open Collector 16 PIN
6331/82S123 32 x 8 Tristate 16 PIN
93417/82S126 256 x 4 Open Collector 16 PIN
934271825129 256 x 4 t ristate 16 PIN
27S29/2 8S42 512 x 8 Tristate 20 PIN
93453/82S137 1024 x 4 Tristate 18 PIN
93451/8 2S181 1024 x 8 Tristate 24 PIN
7128/2 7S185 2048 x 4 Ins tate 18 PIN
MICROPROCESSOR
CHIP SETS
8080
FAMILY
8035 5.45 8224
8080A 4.45 8226
8085A 6.95 8228
8086 34.95 8251A
8OC35 CPU(CMOS)1 1.25 8253
8155 9.00 8255
8212 2.25 8257
8259A
UART'S
AY31015A / S1602P
AY5-1013A
TMS2716
C2532
.59
.88
.44
1.09
2.75
7.39
5.29
.99
4.09
P 3.75
XR21
XR22
3900PC
4136PC
4558TC
N8T26N
/N
BIFETS
TL064CN 1.66
.68
TL072CP , .99
TL074CN '. 1.79
TL081CP , .54
TL082CP .99
TL084CN 1.69
TL431CLP .73
TL497ACN 3.60
1.25 2N1893 36 1N2907A .25 2N3772 1.50
2',69f 30 02 35 2N3019 .46 2N3773 2.25
1'.699 40 .35 1N3053 .35 2N3962 .42
2'. 706 24 .35 1N3014 .67 2N3964 .65
2.' , f 18t. 29 .19 2N3015 .75 2N4033 .62
2 ', 91-1 40 .25 2N3135 .40 2N4036 .65
16 37 1N2270 .45 2N32)()A .30 2N4037 .65
18 55 2N2369A .25 2N3251A .34 2N4093 .59
2', 930 27 .65 2N3467 .62 2N4208 .44
53 .27 .49 2N4209 .44
211 130-1 79 .32 2N3725 .64 2N5038 4.50
36 .45 2N3771 1.50 2N5039 3.95
1 , 11 35 6A .19
TTL 74LS SERIES
MICRO COMPUTER
74LSOON .21 74LS42N
."
74L$138N .55 74LS191N .15 74l S283N .14
SUPPORT CENTER
74l S01N .22 74LS4/N .72 74LS139N .55 74LS 192N .74 74LS298N .99
74LS02N .24 74LS73N .35 74LS148N 1.39 74LS193N .74 74LS348N 1.65
74LS03N .24 74l S74N .32 74L$1!)lN .43 74l$ 194N .74 74LS362N 9.95
STATIC RAM'S
74LS04N .25 74LS75N .45 .42 74LS221 N .89 74LS365N .59
74LS05N 25 74LS76N
."
74LS1 55N .87 74 LS240N 1.19 74LS366N .59
74LS08N .25 74LS85N .89 74LS157N .48 74lS241N 1.19 74LS367N .59 P201 6-20 16K (2Kx 8) 200NS 24PIN 9.95
74LS09N .25 74LS86N .35 74LSl 58N .48 74LS242N 1.19 74LS368N .59
P2101-25 lK (256x 4) 250NS 22 PIN 2.65 74LS10N .24 74LS90N .42 74LSl60N .79 74LS243N 1.19 74LS373N 1.96
74L$11N .28 74LS92N .54 74l$1 61N .75 74LS244N 1.25 74LS374N 1.96 P210225L l K (lK X1) 250NS 16PINLow Power 1.59
74LS12N .25 74LS93N .54 74LS1 63N .69 74lS245N 1.95 74LS375N .64
P2112-25 l K (256 x 4) 250NS16 PIN 2.75
74LS13N .36 74LS96N .72 74LSl64N .58 74l S251N .69 74LS377N 1.25
74LS14N .48 74LS10/N .42 74LS165N .89 74LS253N .69 74LS378N .99 P211420L 4K (l K x 4) 200NS 18PINLowPower 2.45 74LS20N .29 74LS112N .36 74lS166N 1.64 74LS257N .69 74LS390N 1.44
P211430L 4K (lK x 4) 300NS 18PINLowPower 2.20
74l S21N .27 74LS122N .45 74LS170N 1.59 74LS259N 1.49 74LS393N 1.44
74LS26N .25 74LS123N .69 74LS 173N .72
74LS266N .42 74LS447N .89
P21 47-055 4K (4Kx 1) 55NS 18PINVERYSPECIAL 3.95 74LS3ON .34 74LS125N .49 74l5 174N
."
74LS273N 1.19 74l S624N 1.68
74LS32N .27 74LS132N .58 74LS175N .45
74LS279N .44 74LS670N 1.36 C2149045 4K (l K x 4) 45NS18PINCer amic 9.95
74LS38N .28 74LS133N .49 74LS189N U S
74LS280N 1.96
P4315-45L 4K (4Kx l ) 450NS 18PIN(CMOS) LowPower 4.95
TTL 74F SERIES
P551625L 16K (2K x 8) 250NS24PIN(CMOS) LowPower 19.95
P611615 16K (2Kx 8) 150NS24PIN(CMOS) 17.95
FAIRCHI LD ADVANCED SCHOTIKY P611 6-20 16K (2Kx 8) 200NS24PIN(CMOS) 15.95
74fOOPC .96 74Fl ' PC .96 74F1S8PC 2.16 74F258PC 2.34 P651 445 4K (l Kx 4) 450NS 18PIN(CMOS) 4.65
74F02PC .96 74Fl09PC1.20 74F182PC 3.30 74F352PC 2.34
P650420 4K (4Kx l ) 200NS 18 PIN(CMOS) 2.95 74F04p( 1.11 74F138PC2.16 74F241PC 4.50 74F353PC 2.34
74F08PC .96 74F139PC 2.16 74F243PC 5.25 74F373PC 5.85
DYNAMIC RAM'S
74F1QPC 96 74F157PC2.16 74F257PC 2.34 74F534PC 585
P405l1-30 4K ( 4K x 1) 300NS18 PIN 3.65
HIGH SPEED CMOS
P406l1-30 4K ( 4K x l) 300NS22 PIN 3.65
64 74HC74N 1.15 74HC1 63N 2.25 74 4.35 C4116-20 16K (16Kx 1) 200NS16 PINCeramic 2.95
74HC02N .64 74HC76N 1.15 74HC164N 2.25 74 4.50
P41 16-20 16K (16KXl) 200NS16PIN 1.95
74HC04N 64 74HC107N1.1t. 74HC166N 2.75 74 2.95
74HC08N .64 74HC138N1.95 74HC174N 2.15 74 4.35 P4116-25 16K (16Kx 1) 250NS16PINVERY SPECIAL 1.49
74HC10N 64 74HC'39N2.20 74HC175N 2.15 74 1.45
P416415 64K (64Kx 1) 150NS16 PIN SPECIAL 15.95
74HC11N .64 74HC151N2.2O 74HC192N 1.95 74 1.45
74HC20N 64 74HC155N2.20 74HC193N 1.95 74 1.45 P416420 64K (64K x 1) 200NS16PIN 14.95
74HC21N 64 74HC157Nl .45 74HC194N 2.25 7 1.45
"L atest technology"
74HC27N .75 74HC158Nl. 45 74HC240N 4.50 74HC373N 3.95
74HC32N .75 74HC160N 2.25 74HC241N 4.50 7 3.95
P4416-20 64K (16Kx 4) 200NS16PIN 21.95
74HC42N 1.60 74HC161N 2.25 74HC242N 1.95 7 2.40
EPROM'S
74HC51N .65 74HC162N2.25 74HC243N 1.95 7 2.95
74H 2.95
1.5AMPS KB
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BRIDGE RECTIFIER' S
V V V V 1 V
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301ATC .34 348PC .99 741TC .28
JOne 49 358TC .49 747PC .50
309KC 1.35 380PC 1.25 1458TC .29
311TC .49 393TC 49 1488PC .64
3171\C 2.59 555TC .27 1489APC .64
31 7uC 159 556PC .68 2211PC 2.89
3181C 1.39 567TC .89 2240PC 1.39
323KC 450 723PC .45 3081PC 1.09
324PC 48 725IC 1.60 301l0PC .59
339PC .48 733PC .79 3302PC .69
741HC .56 3403PC 1.19
KC= T03, UC=T0220. HC=T05. TC=8 PINMINI DIP, Nor PC=DUAL INLINE IC
ACTIVE ELECTRONICS IS A DIVISION OF FUTURE
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TOLL FREE Mon: Fri.: 8:00 a.m. >7:00 p.m. EST
Sat : 10:00 a.rn. >4:00 p.m. EST
EPROM's ' 7
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2716 15V, 450nS) $3.95 $3.55 CALL
2732 15V. 450nS) 7.85 6.95 CALL
2532 (5V, 450nS) 8.25 7.95 CALL
. 2764 (5V, 450nS) 23.90 CALL CALL
STATIC RAM
6116p3 (150n S) 7.50 7.20 CALL
2114L2 (200 nS) 2.10 1.70 CALL
DYNAMIC RA
4164 (200nS) 7.90 7.49 CALL
POWER-AMP sub-assemblies, 100 watts rms.
.05% distortion , completely assembled and tested.
quantity pricing available, free brochure. CLAXTON
AUDIO, 3174 Periwinkle. Memphis. TN 38127
RECORD - tapes! Discounts to 73%; all labels; no
purchase obligations; newsletter; discount dividend
WANTED
Ideas, inventions. new products wanted for presen-
tation to industry. Call free 1-800-528-6050. Arizona
1-800-352-0458. X831.
LIQUIDATING $100.000 inventory: speaker
cones, gaskets. voice coils. spiders; also finished
speakers, 50% 75% below cost. Free list: ISE, 355
Cowan Terrace W, Brownsvill e, TX 78521
MICROWAVE downconverters . Also UHF sub-
scription TV kits. Catalog 20. TROJAN ENTER
PRISES, 2920 Shelby. Indi anapolis, IN 46203
SCANNER/monitor accessories-kits and factory
assembled. Free catalog. CAPRI ELECTRONICS,
Route 1R, Canon, GA 30520
FOR SALE
POLICE/fire scanners, scanner crysta ls. antennas,
radar detectors. HPR, Box 19224, Denver , CO
80219
MISC
CPU Z80A $5.29 ea.
CDp 1854ACE (UART) $4.80 ea.
16K RAM Expansion Kit
for TRS80 Mod III $12.95/8
dC7 SUNTRONICS CD., INC.
====: 12621 CRENSHAW BOULEVARD
- = ; ~ HAWTHORNE. CALIFORNIA90250
.......... STORE HOURS; Mon. Fn , OO. ml oll JOpm- Si I l o.m !o 5pm
IN CALIFORNIA OUTSIOE CALIFORNIA TOll FREE
(213) 644-1149 1-800-421-5775
Min Order: $ 10. P/ H: $2. Acce pt VISA. Mu ter cu d. Check or M.O.
STAGGERED resistor assortment V. W 5% com-
mon values 40 each. Less common 10 each. 500
total $10.00 CI ELECTRONICS, P.O. Box 3034,
Camarillo. CA 93010
CABLE TV SECRETS-the outlaw publicat ion the
cable companies tried to ban. HBO, Movie Channel.
Showtime, descramblers, converters. etc. Suppli -
ers list included. Send $7.95 to CABLE FACTS,
Box 711 R Pataskala. OH 43062
CABLE TV converters. microwave ant ennas, cabl e
parts. plans, parts and assembl ed units. For in-
formation send $2.00. SAT-TECH P.O. Box 10026,
Cleveland. OH 44110
MICROWAVE TV antennas. Best in the West! Rod
disc type. Complete with cable, accessori es. war-
ranty. 52 dB $125.00. Deal ers wanted. GALAXY
ELECTRONICS, 6007 N. 61st Ave. Glendale. AZ
85301 (602) 247-1151
THE Intelligence Library. Restricted techni cal se-
crets- books on electronic surveillance, lock-
pi cking, demolitions, Investigation, etc. Free
brochures: MENTOR, Dept. Z. 135-53 No. Blvd.
Flushing. NY 11354
RESISTORS V.W, 'hW 5% carbon films 3 ea. NO
MINIMUMS. Cabinet assortments. 1% metal films.
Reque st detail s. Bulk pricing available. JR IN
DUSTRIES 5834-C Swancreek. Tol edo, OH 43614
SAVE up to 50% on name brand test equipment.
Free catalo g and price list. SALEN ELECTRO
NICS, Box 82-G, Skokie. IL 60077
MICROWAVE receiver system. Write: "Dealers
Wanted ," Dept. RE, poe4181, Scottsdale, AZ
85258 (602) 9419395.
. $11.95
.. $16.95
.... .. $8.95
M icrowave
Receiver
1.9-2 .5 GHZ
PS-1 Assembled 32 element antenna. . . $19.95
PS-2 20 dB gain mi crowave recei ver kit
with variable power supply kit . ... $50.00
PS-3 Complete packagePS-1 & PS-2 . . $65.00
Mounting Hardware Included
Microwave Receiver
1.9-2.5 GHZ
Part No.
PW010
PW020
Description Pri ce
Philips UHF Tuner ELC 1045.. . .. . $23.95
Glass Epoxy Circui t Board,
Pr edrill ed .
PWD30 P.CB. Pots. 4-20K. 2-1K. 2-10K.
2-100K. .... .. . .. $9.95
PW040 Besistor Kit 1/4 watt 5% $4.95
PW050 Panel Mount Pots 2-5K $3.95
PW060 IC's 7 pes., 1 Hecti her.
2- Heat Sink s & Sockets ..
PW0 70 Ceramic Disc Caps - 37 pes
& MISC. Type Capaci tors 511.95
PW080 Electrolytic Caps 18pcs. . $5.95
PW0 90 Var iable Trimmer Capacit or
5- 5-35 pF $4.95
PWD100 Coil Kit , 2-T37- 12 Ferr it e co res Toroid
4-Prewound Indicat or s 52.95
PWD1 10 MI SC. Part s- Hookup Wi re, Ant.
Terminal s, Fuse. Fusehol der
Dpdt Switc h, Lin e Cord etc
PWD120 Power Tr ansf ormer
Primar y-1 17 Vac.
Seconda ry 24 Vac , 1 amp . .. . . $5.95
PWD130Speaker. Oval 8 ohm $2.95
PW0140 Cabi net. Prep unched & Drill ed 513.95
When Order ing All It ems
PWD10-PWD140 . . . . . Total Price $124.95
NEW PWD KIT!!!
Microwave Preamp!!!
Use with PS- 3 Kit . Adds 20-25 db gai n to
boost receptio n distance .
Low Noi se
High Gain
Can be used with all existi ng
stop sign boar d receivers!!!!
1.9-2.5 gHZ Freq. Range
PS-4 $34.95
$23.95
. $15.95
. . .$4.95
.. $6.95
... $3.95
.... .$4.95
UHF T.V. Preamp
Features:
25 dB gain!
Kit
Your rece ption wi l l dra mat ica lly i mprove!
Thi s unit wi l l enable yo u to pull in signals
you never knew were th ere!
For both ind oor and ou tdoor use. Input and
output i mpedance 75 ohm. No adju stment!
Easy assembly.
JH-O Kit $22.95
Video Switch Box
Model V-4803
The V-4803 is an elec t ronic switch -
ing network capable of switchinq
any six video in puts to any or all
th ree ou tp ut. Save t ime and money.
Switchi ng of your VCRIVTR, Cable
T.V., video games antenna , micr o-
co mputer , pay T.V. Boxes. Hassle
Free! !
V-480 3 $74.95
MODEL ELC 1045
FREQ. RANGE
UHF 470-889 MHZ
CHANNEL 14-83
OUTPUT CHANNEL 3
75 OHM INPUT
Part No.
DSW10 Philips UHFTuner ELC 1045.
DSW20 Pn nt ed Ci rcu i t Boar d, Predr ill ed
Glass Epoxy $1 5.00
DSW30 P.C.B. Potentiometers 5-10K. 1-5K $5.95
DSW40 Resistor KIt 1/ 4 watt 5%
Carbon Resist or s 32 pes.
DSWSO Pane l Moun t Potentiometers
2-10KandKnobs $2.95
DSW60 IC's 7 pcs.. 1 Rectifier.
2 Regulat or s & 1 Heat Sink
DSW70 Electrolytic CapKit. 8pcs .
DSW80 Cer ami c Cap KIt. 33 pes .
DSW90 Variable Trimm er KIt , 4 pes .
OSW100 Coil Kit. 2-18 uh. 1 variable 33 uh
... 1 - ... 37-12 Toroid t 26 wrre . . Sl .95
DSW1 10I.C. Sockets5-8 pins, 2-14 pin $4.95
OSW120 Power Transf orme r
PRI-l17Vac. SEC 24Vac. 1 amp $5.95
DSW1 30Speaker. Oval 8 ohm. . . . . . . . . . . .$3.00
DSW140 MIsc. Par ts. Hardwar e & Hookwire
Ant. Term, Swit ch Opdt , Fuse,
Fuseholder, Lin e Cord , etc. . S7.95
When Ord erin g All It ems
OSW10-D140 TotatPrice $99.95
MORE GAIN
Than a Mitsumi Tuner
DSW10-1 40 Part s Kit
R.F. Modulator
Combine both audio and video output onto
channel 3 or 4 of yo ur T.V. set.
Single I.C. ch ip (MC 1374) makes fo r qui ck
and easy asse mbly. Single adjustment co n-
tro l ! A must for every video recording or
computer ent husi ast.
VH-O Ki t $19.95
Available by Mail Order only - Send ch eck or mo ney order to
Minimum order $15.00. Add
10%shipping on orders under
$35.00. Orders over $35.00.
add 5%.
Catalog - $1.00
Visa & Master charge
Acceptable
STAVIS ELECTRONICS, INC.
912 w. Touhy Avenue
{Jark Ri dge , Illinois 60068
(312) 564-0104
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the first name in Counters!
Power:
The CT-90 is the most versatile, feature packed counter available for less
than $300.OO! Advanced design features include: three selectable gate times,
nine digits, gate indicator and a unique display hold function which holds the
displayed count after the input signal isremoved! Also, a 10mHz TCXOtime
base is used which enables easy zero beat calibration checks against WWV.
Optionally; an internal nicadballery pack,extemal time base input and Micro-
power high stability crystal oven time base are available. The CT-9O,
performance you can count on!
9 DIGITS 600 MHz $129 95
SPECI FICATIO NS: WIRED
Range: 20 Hz to 600 MHz
Sensitivity: Less than 10 MV to 150 MHz
Less than 50 MV to 500 MHz
Resolution: 0.1 Hz (10 MHz range)
1.0 Hz (60 MHz range)
Display: 9 digits 0.4 " LED
Time base: Standard-IO.OOO mHz, 1.0 ppm 20-40C.
Optional Micro-power oveI>O.l ppm 20-40C
8- 15 VAC @ 250 ma
WJ:U.
5 129.95
CT90 Kilo. 90 dlyplll'\Swl(-
ranty 109 .95
AC I AC adlpter 3.95
8P 1 Nlcad pack +AC
Ad. l p'c:rl Chu ,c r 12.95
OVl ,
tune w e 049.95
Extern,l blM b-se Input 14.95
7 DIGITS 525 MHz
Display:
Time base:
Power.
PRI CES: .
CT-70 wired,I year warranty $99.95
CT-70 Kit, 90 day parts war-
ranty 84.95
AC-I AC adapter 3.95
BP-I Nicad pack + AC
adapter/ charger 12.95
The CT-70 breaks the price barrier on lab quality frequency counters,
Deluxe features such as; three frequency ranges - eachwithpro-amplification,
dual selectable gate times, andgateactivity indicationmake measurements a
snap. The wide frequency rangeenables you to accurately measure signals
fromaudio thru UHF with 1.0 ppm accuracy - that's.OOOI%! The CT-70 is
the answer to all your measurement needs, in the field, lab or ham shack.
SPECI FICATIONS;
Range: 20 Hz to 525 MHz
Sensitivity: Less than 50 MV to 150 MHz
Less than 150 MV to 500 MHz
Resolution: 1.0 Hz (5 MHz range)
7 digits 0.4" LED
1.0 ppm TC XO 20-40C
12 VAC@ 250 rna
$79
95
WIRED
7 DIGITS 500 MHz
Display:
Time base:
Power:
SPEC IFICATIONS:
Range: I MHz to 500 MHz
Sensitivity: Less than 25 MV
Resolution: 100 Hz (s low gate)
1.0 KHz (fast gate)
7 digits, 0.4" LED
2.0 ppm 20-40C
5 VDC @ 200 ma
Here's a handy, general purpose counter that provides most counter
functions at an unbelievable price. The MINI-loo doesn' t have the full
frequency range or input impedance qualities found in higher price units, but
for basicRF signal measurements, it can't bebeat!Accurate measurements
can be made fromI MHz all the way upt 0500 MHz with excellent sensitivity
throughout the range, and the two gate times let you select the resolution
desired Add the nicad packoption and the MINI-IOOmakes an ideal addition
to your tOOl box for " in-tho-field" frequency checks and repairs,
MINI- l oo wired, I year

warranty .$79.95
.AC-Z Ac adapter for MINI-
100 3.95
BP-Z Nicad pack and AC
adapter/charger 12.95
DIGITAL MULTIMETER $99
29.95
$159.95
119.95
14.95
10 Megohms, DC! AC volts
0.1% basic DC volts
4 'C cells
PRI CES:
CT-50 wired, I year warranty
CT-50 90 day parts
warranty
RA-l, receiveradapterkit
RA-I wired and pre-program-
med (send copy of receiver
schematic)
SPEC IFICATIONS:
DC! AC volts: 100uV to I KV, 5 ranges
DC! AC
current 0.1 uA to 2.0 Amps, 5 ranges
Resistance: 0.1 ohms to 20 Megohms, 6 ranges
Input
impedance:
Accuracy.
Power.

The offCTsprofessional quality performance at a hobbyist price.
Features incl ude: 26 different ranges and 5 functions, all arranged in a
convenient, easy to use format. Meas ureme nts are displayed on a large 3M
dici t, M inch LED readout wit h auto matic decimal placement, auto matic
polarity, over range indication and oVCTI08d up to 1250 vo lts on all
ranges . making it virtua lly goof-proof The OM,700 looks great, a handsome,
jet black, rugged ASS case with con venient retractable tilt bail makes ir an
ideal addition to any shop.
$99.95
79.95
3.95
19.95
2.95
SPECIFICAIIONS;
Range: 20 Hz to 600 MHz The CT-50 is a versatile lab'bench counter that ':' i11 measure upt0600 MHz
Sensitivity: Less than 25 mv to 150 MHz with 8 digit precision, And, one of its best features is the Receive Fre quency
Less than 150 mv to 600 MHz Adapter which turns the CT-50 into a digital readout for any receiver The
adaPter;s easily prograrn:medfor any receiver and a simple con:nection;o the
8 digitszO.4" LED z range receiver's VFO is all that is required for use. Addingthe receiver adapter inno
2.0 ppm 20-40C way limits the operation of the CT-50, the adapter can be conveniently
110 VAC or 12 VDC switched on or off. The CT-50, a counter that can work double-duty!
Display:
Time base:
Power:
8 DIGITS 600 MHz
PRICES:
DM-7oo wired, I yearwananty
DM-700 90 day parts
warranty
AC-I, AC adaptor
BP-3, Nicad pack +AC
adapter/ charger
MP-I, Probe kit
lI' r_. , al[]I"'.("I."'" S ." . _.=. ,t k\1\ Sat"fac ttan g uaranTeed u a mlOe fal 10 da )'" ,I nol pl.a, ed
..ill 1. .1(. .. t. t. l. _ . l _ 1. lit e..::::t:I r. TUl n In ong lna l form fo r , . fund Add fOI , hippIng
. Pil ONI: ORDFRS In\u, anc . TOa moa lmum ol S 10 Ove r, .a, add I 5' COO add
2575 BAIRD RD. PEN FI ELD, NY 14526 CAl. I. 7i6 -5X6-3950 S1 O, d." ond S l O odd Sl so NY " d. nn. odd 7'" '0.
AUDIO SCALER
Forhighresolutionaudiomeasurements, multiplies
UP in frequency.
Great for PL tones
Multiplies by 10 or 100
0.01 Hz resolution!
$29 95 Kit $39 95 Wired
ACCESSORIES
Telescopic whip anten:na- BNC plug $ 7.95
High impedance probe, light loading '" . . . . . 15.95
Low pass probe, for audio measurements . .. . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.95
Direct probe, general purpose usage , . . . . . . . . 12.95
Tilt bail, for CT 70,90, MINI-I00 3.95
Color burst calibration unit, calibratescounter
againsi color TV signal.. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . .. .. . .. . ... . .. . . . . 14.95
COUNTER PREAMP
For measuring ext remel y weak si gnals from 10 to 1,000
MH:. Small s ize, po wered by plugtran sformer-includ ed.
Flat 25 db gain
BNC Connectors
Great for sniffing RF with pick-up loop
$34 95 Kit $44 95 Wired
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CONTRACT rnanutactur inq service ; short run pro-
duction, prototyping. DAUS ELECTRONICS, P.O.
Box 831, Angier, NC 27501
ATTENTION: Color compu ter users . Coco software
and hardware catalog. Send SASE to SPECTR UM
PROJ ECTS , 93- 15 86 Drive, Woodhaven, NY
11421
IN-DASH AM-FM cassette stereo x-body $49.95,
retail $69.95. C.H. WINDHAM, 509 Midland Ave.,
Sanford. NC 27330
PCB 151:sq-in. Free driliing. Quantity discount. IN
TERNATIONAL ENTERPRISE, 6452 Hazel Circle,
Simi Valiey, CA 93063
POWER-line filter, reduces RFI and surges to pro-
teet expensive equipment. Unit has grounded outlet
with monitor light. $49.95 each, plus $2.50
PATH ELECTRONICS, INC., 1500 East Alqonqui n
Rd., Arlingt on Hts., IL 60005
AUDIO function generalors. Fuliy assemb led for
$54.95! Free details: ROBINSON DIGITAL, 134
East Wheat Road. Buena. NJ 08310
USED memory chips 4116-200ns $1.00 each. Buy
10 get 1 extra. Payment with order. SKAN ENTER
PRISES, 118 E. Third . San Bernardino, CA 92410.
$3.00. shipping and handl ing.
FREE speaker catalog! Woofers , mids, tweeters,
hardware, crossovers, grilie cloth, plans, kits. in-
formation, much more. Discount prices. UNIVER-
SAL SOUND, Dept. RE2253. Ringling Blvd.. Sara-
sota, FL 33577 (813) 953-5363
CABLE converters and radar detectors, video
stabilizers, i mage enhancers and more!! Catalog
$1.00. ELECTRONICS ETCETERA, P.O. Box 826-
p. Solvang, CA 93463
WRITE FOR

SPEAKER &ELECTRONICS CATAlOG
1001 BARGAINS IN SPEAKERS
Tel.: 1 (816) 842 509'l
1901MCGEE STREET KANSAS CITY, MO. Mille
OWN t el ephone an swer i ng mach in e? Have
celebrities answer your phone. Hilarious. Free de-
tails: CALLENDER, Box 136R, Springf ield Gar-
dens. NY 11413
certificates; 100% guarantees . Free detai ls. DIS
COUNT MUSIC CLUB, 650 Main Street, PO Box
2000, Dept. 3-1082. New Rochelle, NY 10801
MICROWAVETV downconverters . downconverter.
power supply boards. antenna cookbook. with de-
tailed plans. $20.00. Part s: downconvert er. $15.00;
power supp ly. $15.00. MICRO ENGINEERING,
Box 17231, Minneapoli s. MN 55417
.079' X .098" RED
20mA .t 1.75'\1
10 FOR $1. 00
200 FOR $18 .00
QUANT ITY PRI CES AVAILABLE
n-SWITCH
8 STATION
. !:lor:
,5.
primaries
5 .6 VOLTS at 750 MA $ 3.00
6 VOLTS at 150 mA $1 .25
12 V. C.T. at 500 mA $ 2.50
1&. 5 V. a t 3 AMPS $ &.50
18 VOLTS at 350 MA $ 2.00
18 VOLTS at 1 AMP $4.50
18 V.C.T. at 2 AMP $5.50
25 . 2 VCT at 2 .8 AMP $ 5.50
3 5 v.c:r. at 1 AMP $3.50
4 2 V.C:r. at 1.2 AMP $ 4.50
65 V.C.T. at 2 AMP $ 5. 50
L.E. D.'s t
STANDARD JUMBO
DIFFUSED
RED 10 FOR 51. 50
GREEN 10 FOR $2 .00
YELLOW 10 FOR 52 . 00
FLASHER LED
5 VOLT OPERATION
RED JUMBO SIZE
2 FOR $1. 70
BI POLAR LE D
2 FOR $1. 70
SUB MINI LED
KEY SWITCH
.. S.P.S.T.
4 AMPS @ 125 VAC
KEYREt-OVES BOTH
POSITlWS
B. S.R . r-<:XlE L C136R/C!3

' . " PLAYS 33/ 45/78 RECORDS
" MINI SI2 E: 8 1/ 4'" X 12'"
I NCLUDES [XJ5T COVER AND
, PLASTI C CASE ( NOT PI CTtfllED)
lo/ l 'TH FR()\,IT CUT OOT TO F I T
'17.50 each STEREO WIT (NOT I NCLUDED) .
[I
CWTACT: S .P.N.C.
10 AMP @ 120 VAC
ENERGI 2E COl L TO
CWTACT
COIL: 13 VOC
6 50 OHMS. .. . .
SPECIAL PRI CE $1. 00 EACH
10 FOR 59 . 00
VDC RELAY
MINI ATU'-E
D. P. D.T.
3 AMP CWTACTS
FWU ITSU FBR321D006
51. 75 EA 10 / 16. 00
4PDT RELAY
' '' 0..",1. 11 3 l mp contl cls
24 veu e.e. or
12'0'1 011. C CO.l "
Used bill hIlly tested
$1 .70 EACH
speell y
L"' '' GE QUANTITIESAVAILA BLE
SOCKETS FOR RElAY e. en
4 CHANNEL 8 TRACK
HOME UNIT
TERMI NATES TO FLEXI BLE
CABLE WITH CW TACTS W
. 100 CENTERS. EDGE
CCN'lECTOR INCLUDED. .
54 .50 PER KEYBOARD, CASE,
MolD CCffi ECTOR . . . . . . .
15/30 GOLD
SOLDER EYELET $2 .00 EACH
18/36 GOLD
SOLDER EYELET 52 .00 EACH
22/44 GOLD
SOLDERTAI L ( P. C. STYLE)
$2 .50 EA 10 $22.50
22/44 TIN
SOLDERTAI L (P.C. STYLE)
$1.35 EA 10 FOR $12. 50
PRECI SIW
DEVICE. .
CW TAINS 4

POTS .$ 4.75 ea
VARACTOR
DIODES
88-103 3 FOR
100 FOR 530 . 00

MV2205 3 FOR 51. 00
100 FOR 530.00
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'N'OIMAr'ON
CINrll...
1-514-342-1555
9 A.M. - 5 P.M. Isr
As abo.e with Vernier luning: adjuslable l uning insures
l otal trackingcompatibillly withalt TVsels. S41VC411 . . 19.95
HOT NIW35 CHANNIL
RIMOII CONmOL CalLi TVCONVI TIR
THIAMAIIN 60 CHANNIL .IIRROLD400
WIRILIII CABLI TVCONVIRTI
-4
(Mr"3itol
I1
Mmm
Change channels, turn your set on or off, or even fine tune
without leaving your comfortableviewingposition. Channel 3out-
put. S41ZA0l1
S41VA211 .. Midband to
lowband 3-channel.
541VAZ16 Midband to
hlgnbano1-channel.
YIOCOI U" CGlYOUI IUlUIAn. I'IIOIUIII ..
ra. ll a nOli CAIUTY Restores your VCR's
89
95
capabi lity for program-
ming. Restores remote
channel comrol Enables
videotaping alone cable program while
watchinganother.S41VA9S0
l
it turns the set onloll. fine .;;;
tunes the picture, tells the :::;
time, selects channels at ran- ' ;
damor in sequence, pre-sets any number of favorite channels,
andpre-setsonloff timesupto 24hoursahead S41ZA01 8
l
' AIITAl tlC IIICIIOCOII.UTU COIITIIOUID .. CIIAI 11
WlllUll I ..on COIITIIOL calU TY COIYUUI Will
11011 RAIUIIO IIAI AIY COIIYUUI 01 TllMAllln.
I $189
I
'
CONYERTERS
I

CHOICE
I
1(1)
an: operates
up to 5 videocomponents.
Handles CableTV, Games,
VCRs. disc players. etc. Enables you to view TV' while taping
ordubbing. You' lt thinkupother applications. S41VC689
<D
CO
I\)
o
o
-l
o
OJ
m
JJ
J
.-;' v ,
..
.41 , 8
2.99 4.41
3.99 4.62 5.78
1
5.46 6.51 7,77 Name
7.25 . 8.61 10.81 Addres-s---- -
8.92 10.39 13.55
Check wi th orde r. pl ease Visa & Mast ercard O K. ... City-
(Sorry. no C 0 .D' 5) N.V state residents add ;1 %
sales l ax Dealer & Export inquiri es invited. Our tele- State ZIP _
phone order desk never closes
---- ------
DELIVERYHANDLING INSURANCECHARGES
Findlhe total amount of yourorder andyour zipcode
below. 01000 29000 68000
10 to 10
28999 . 61999 99999
Y ,,,lInO... IOnDO_MAICIII aIlAI._
fill ?!!!f'6 9g
e
...
Very popular. Use to .. . . .. $2.29, $1.95 ea.l5
G
ouPle and match cable '9c IA./5 S41AE15Z...with built in
TV to TVset Alsocouples VCRmacht- CBinterference filter . ..
nes, TVgamesetc. 5-300MHz 541AE380 SUS, S1.75 EA./5
-----
IRAIID III. .ACTORY
I R'L I VH', H' URAC
TOR T liDAIIIMILY
\PR,CECurI29'5
Admiralassembly No. NC3143-1
Tandem side by side VHF and
UHF tuners made originalty for
Admiral. Numbers that appear on
the tu ners are; 2941829,
8221AAFA, 94C12S2, 2941831,
8132AAFB.
'ACTORY I R'LUI 4
95
flU IRI
Brand new production sur- n .9S IA./IO .
I
plus. All solid state. Ideal for S41VA966 .. As above with
exoenmentat work bUild. ing. uetent 4.99
cableTVconverters, etc. S41SU285 Solid slate VHF
S41SU099 tuners 5.95
CIRCLE 65 ON FREE CARD 169
AVAILABLE
H AL. T RONIX
P.O. Box 1101
Southgat., loll <16195
MANY, MANY OTHER KITS
Oll OEIlS 0VE1lm.ooWILL I E SKIrrEDrosTrAl D EXCErT
SHIPPING ONITEMSWHEIl EADDITIONAL CHAIIOU A" I " I OUUTlEO.
0101 Oll OE"S LESSTHAN m .oo!'lEASE IHCLUMADomON
IH f Ok"'ATl O N , AL 1200 '011HANDlING AND MAILI NG CHAIlQE S
16 LINE TOUCH TONE DECODER KI T
P, C, BOARD AND PARTS . , , , $69, 9'
12 L INE TOUCH TONE DECODER KIT
P. C, BOARD AND PARTS"
16 LI NE ENCODER KIT, COMPLETE
CASE, PAD AND COMPONENTS, ,. ,$39,9?
12 LINE ENCODER KI T, COMPLETE
CASE, PAD AND COMPONENTS,., ,$Z9,95

s.ncl20 wm. ...."'P or LA-I.E. lor ".. _ ._. ftIIl.,., fMI etlMf
HALTIlON1Xpr9CI\K:t . To.....,
PREAMPLI FI ERS
HAL PA-19-1.5 mhz t o 150 mhz. 19db gain operates
on S to I S volts at 10ma. Complete unit $S,95.
HAL PA-1. 4- 3 mhz to 1.4 ghz. 10 t o 12 db gain oper-
ates on 8 to 18 volts at lOrna. Complet e unit $12.95.
(Theaboveunits are ideal for receivers, counters, etc.)
. .
ELE CTRONI C KI TS FROM HAL-TRONI X
2304 MHZ DOWN CONVERTERS. TUNES I N ON
CHANNELS 2 TO 7 ON YOUR OWN HOl l E T . V
HAS FREQUENCY RANGE FROM 2000 MHZ TO
2500 MHZ . EASY TO CONSTRUCT AND CC61ES
COl lPLETE WI TH ALL PARTS INCLUDING A
DIE-CAST ALUM CASE AND COAX F I TT INGS,
REQUIRE A VARIABLE POWER SUPPLY AND
ANTENNA (Antenna can be a di sh type
or coffee can type de pending on the
s ignal strengt h in your area.)
2304 MOD 1 (Basic Kit ) $49.95
(L... ell .. .. mllngs)
2304 MOD 2 (Basi c / Pr e- amp) $59,95
(lneklo.. caM & Il lII ng. )
2304 MOD 3 (Hi-Gain Pr e-amp) $6 9.9 5
()nclUdM caM &
POWER SUPPLY FOR EITHER MODEL ABOVE IS
AVAILABLE. COMES COMPLETE WITH ALL PARTS.
CASE, TRANSFORMER, ANTENNA SWITCH AND
CONNECTORS (Kit) $24.95
Assembled ,.,.,., " , ", .$34.95
Slotted Mi crowave Ant enna For Above
Downvert ers , " ,., ,., $39 .95
. .
NOT available until now. Stereophoni c headphone
co nverter restores missing space perspect ive to Hi-
Fi sound systems. Experience exhilaratinq power of
new accessory , Discover new list eni ng dimen-
sion. For order and information write INDUST RIAL
CYBERNETICS, P, O. Box 2477, Santa Barbara ,
CA 93 120
SHARE
THECOSTOF
LIVING.
GIVE TOTHE
AMERICAN CANCERSOCIETY. .
RF MODULATORS
\
Satelillt _laton from_ I 2..... UHFI
Kits . lI$tflCllld rnodIl$ far I II MierocOft1lUttt'$...inclucl lnc:our new
Applt-Ytrtlrdl$icntd to mount in$ide c..,ttr. AI$O I n extttl$lYI
lint of mon itors, eamtrI$ and kits. FREE CATALOG
/./b PHONE (. lIZ) !lN ll l
jj
,m ATV Ros o:Jr c/.
, IH E BROADWAY
DAKOTACITY, ME &. 131
Solid state with controls for rever-
beration and room size .
EVERY ORGANSHOULD
OWNONE. Send lor fr ee fly er -
DEVTRONIX ORGANS, INC.
6101 WAREHOUSEWAY
SACRAMENTO, CALIFORNIA 95826 De t. B
USED parabolic antennas 6 ' -8 ' -1 0 ' di amete r.
Fr o m co mmercial i nst allation. Suitable for sate l lite
reception. Best offer takes t hem, Call (216) 647-
5827 or (419) 746-2378
PHASOR . PAI.N FIELD - Patented and recently developed
In our labs is being tested by Gov't tor not control. Socnto come
under weapons resrrlcnons asan inlernal machine. Easily nand-
held. HazardousIFNOTUSEO WITHDISCRETION,
PPF1 PLANS (sold for animal control) , 515.00
INVISIBLE PAIN FIELD GENERATOR - Produces a di
rectional field of moderately intense pain to backof head up to
SO', Cigarette pack sizeenclosureis easily hidden.
IPG-3 PLANS . , , 57.00 IPG3KKIT&PLANS , , . 544.50
IPG-30 (assembled tor animal control) . . . . . , . . . . , . . 559.50
PHASOR STUN/BURNING WAND - Produces sufftcient
electncal energycapable 01 burningttesh. Intended asa person'
al defense device.
PSW3 PLANS .. 58.00 PSW3KKIT&PLANS .. 559.50
RUBY LASER RAY PISTOL - Intense Visible red, burns,
hazardous, with parts sources.
RUBY PLANS(includesall part sources) .. .. " . .. ,. 515.00
CARBON DIOXIDE LASER - Generates 2040 watts 01
continuouspowercapable of burning. CUlling, hazardous. (Wi th
all part sources) .. , 515.00
LASER RIFLE - Produces 2003000 pulses of 30 watt opn-
cal energy. Portableand easily hand-held
LRG3 PLANS .. , , , , , . . . . , 510.00
LRG3K KITPLANS(minus diode) 5129.50
POCKET LASER - For the beginner. VISible rea "opncai
version" . non-hazardous.
LHC2 . . . .. 55.00 LHC 2KKIT& PLANS . .. . . 524.50
HIGH POWERED PORTABLE ENERGY SOURCE
FOR LASERS AND MAGNETIC WEAPONS - Explod
&PLANS 549.50
PARTICLE BEAM WEAPON - PLANS 515.00
INFINITY XMT R - Uses telephonelinesfor selective home
or otticelistening whileawayonbusinessor vacation.
INF-1 PLANS, , , . , , , , . . , , , . . , 515.00
SEE IN DARK - Long range. total darkness.
SD-4 PLANS , , , , . , 510.00
LONG RANGE WIRELESS MIKE - Crystal clear Quality
- miniature.
FBT? PLANS .. . 57.00 FBT ?KPLANS& KIT. , . 534.50
WIRELESS TELEPHONE TRANSMITTER - Long
VWPM5KPLANS & KIT $34.50
Send for FREE catalogdescriptonat aboveplus hundreds more
plans, kits andcompleted items. Weaccept MCor Visaor when
ordering. send checkor money order. Wepay shipping charges
'Onorders over $50.00, otherwiseinclude 10% with remittance.
SENDTO: SCIENTIFIC SYSTEMS
DEPT. R8, BOX 716, AMHERST, N.H. 03031
We accept VISA,MC. FIRST QUALITY COMPONENTS - NOT MAIL ORDER "SECONDS" M,n order S' OOO - add
COO. CHECKo r MO .

INSERTION ...,
FORCE ...........
SOCKETS-
camactuated ,true zero Inserti on
< tm plated solder tall pms -
capa ble of be Ing plugg ed Into
dip SOCkets. InCl uding wire wrap.
St oc k No
No. Pinl 124 25 50
1105 5 24 1 4. 35 13.&0
11058 28 4.50 4.05 3.15
11057 40 5.95 5.35 4.95
11058 64 10 .50 9.4 5 1S.70
RESISTOR ASSORTMENT 82508- 700ccs " eachbe'''''' assort oi $22.
5 0
St oc k No . 82501 10 .a. of 10- 12-1518222733 39-4 756 OH M 13.95 each
Stock No. 83502 10 " .0' &8821ro12D- 150-180-22G-27D-33O-390 OHM '0' ."Y
St ock No . 82503 10 .a. 01 470-560-681>820-1 K 1. 2K-l . 5K:l .8K -2.2K-2. 7 OHM Usort me nt
Stock No . 8 2504 10 . 0' 3.3 K3 .9 K4 .7 K5 .6K6 .8K 8 .2Kl0K1 2K1 5 K16K OHM
St oc k No . 8 2505 10 . 01 22K2 7K33K39K4 7K515K68K82K , OOK1 20K OHM
St oc k No . 82506 10 .a. 01150K 180 K 220 K270K330 K3 90 K4 70 K 56.JK680 K 820KOHM
St oc k No. 82507 10 . of 1" 1.2 " -1. 5" 1.8M-2. 2M2 .7 M3 .3 M-3.9 M-4. 7M5.6M OHM
WILD ROVER 60/40 ROSIN CORE SOLDER I
Tou ch SWit ch capsule Stock lengt h WeIght c;:.....
Op er at Ing m et -on I S 00 5" Wi t ho ut the@) No Oil . (I_I ) (0 1 ,1 PrIce
use 0 1 a l evered arm Exlr emel y fast on 500 15 062 g 1 5 13 28
and oil WIt h tow norse Nor mall y ope n - 500 76 06 2 25 .. 4 36
rated 115 VAC. 1 6 amp-3D ml ihoh m re- 50077 062 50 8 602
srst ance > 615 radI us by 160 th ICk. 500 78 032 33 1 5 " .08
Sto ck No 1'9 10 25 500 79 032 ae 5 4 5 16
12<Xl8 $ 1 2. $1 12 $ 95 50080- 032 175 e 682

SOCKETS
Tin pl at ed phosPhor
bro nze co ntact - 3 wrap
Stock .
No. No Pins 1-2 4 25 100\
11301 8 I .4 5 1 .40 1 .3&
11 302 14 .68 .5Q . 54
11303 t8 .7 2.64 .58
11304 18 .8 2 . 73 .M
11 305 20 1. 11 . Q9 .90
11 308 22 1. 28 1.12 1. 0 2
11 30 7 24 1. 4 1 1 .25 1.1 4
11308 28 1.71 1. 52 1.38
11 :JOg 40 2.31 2.05 1 .se
TI LOW
SOCKETS
Tn pla ted phoe.phor
tsoezecco tact pins
Wi th gas fig ht seal
St ock
No. No Pins 1-24 25 100
11201 8 1 .15 1 .13 1 .12
11202 ' " . 18 . 15 .1 "
11203 18 . 21 . 18 . 18
1 1204 18 . 2" . 21 . 18
11 205 20 .27 .2" .21
11 208 22 . 30 . 28 . 23
11 207 2" . 33 . 30 . 25
11 208 28 .38 .34 . 2Q
11209 40 . 53 .4 5 ..co
ELPAC POWER SUPPLIES DCIDC CONVERTERS M O D UTE C
Mi ni clamp AC Volt-Ammet er
.
allows sing ling one conduct or out of
. ' many wit hout di sarrangement
:::-r: -----;, Stoc k No . AC Amper Pri ce
'x--. 137 30 0-2 5,A 13G .50
'Ji..!Y S..::;:.-- 13731 0-50" 39 .50
13732 0- 1001. 39 .50

ACCESSORY LINE SPLITTER
a/lowstast readings 0/ ACpowercan-
0- sumpti on of plug in equipment wit h-
out separation at leads. $9 9
Stock No. 13727 5

- - for all types of small batteries from
. $13.95
VOLT+CATOR
t$
automotive di agnost tc met er plugs
.
. into light er socket and indicat es bat-
... tery condition and cha rging rates.
. Stock No.1 :J738 $1 2.
9 5
AC VOLTAGE TESTER
- pl ugs into any 11 Ov service recept
able to check time volt age over 50-
150 VAC
Stock No. 13735 $9.

95
VOMMULTITESTER
versatile Volt-Qhm-Milliammet er in
small package
Stock No. 13728 $13.
9 5

. 0 . STRIPS so lid . 12-22 a nd
" I stranded. 14-24
- SCREWCUTTERtor 6
most common screw sizes
THE PIKE CUTTERand PLIERS
5 in 1 Tool $12.
95
TEACHERS!
STUDENTS!
Send for f re e f l y er on
E l ectronic Teaching A id Kits.
Pr ic es start at kits come co mp lete with
$4
95 all components, P.C.
board and learn-as-vou-
ea c h- go i nstr uc tio n manual.
PIN FORM I NG TOOL @
puts IC's on the ir tru e row to rcrw spacing. One
side is for .300 centers. Fli ptool over tor devices
on .600 centers. Put device in tool and
squeeze.
ONE TOOL DOES 8 Thru 40 PINS!
Sl ac k No. 11059 $12.
9 5
e
7 most popular sizes -
. 3/ 16",7/32", 1/4 ", 9/32",
.; , 5/ 16", 11/ 32", 3/ S"
NUld iiver KI1 r,gg,K NO. $21 . 95
Drawer Q Milford TOLL 800-526-5960 Send10' Free Cataloc]-
co. NJ 08848-9990 FREE inNJ(2D1)996-4093 over t t ec oans
Sl NTlC [L PN: I"PV! Ovt9 111 CNI. 111 00_ .
StoclI. No No v...... C" wooot I H. WI Dt
)(l() MW Type l YOC) tvDC) j MA) ' I'I IM"," ""co
IMU CaM01 l2:l'O.' 0025 50113 05 I 7 ' 5
1M ,. CaM ll - 12 t O I 501.) 05 7'5
l M2T c a M02 IStO T 51.305 7 . 5
1M,. CaM12 - l St0 7 0020 Sh30S 7 n
1M n 2':l'O,7 ,5 113 050 715
l M30 CI M 14 :1 0 - 28 t O 7 5 11:1 OS 7 I S
1 5W T"l' I''
lMJ I CLMO I 4 1:1tOl U S 1 5 11 1211 77 51 ' 5
t MJ2 CU41 1 4 0 - 12 t O I 125 ' Sil l 2.' 77 51 IS
1M33 CLM02 4007 0 I StO . 7 100 15 1.1 2. t 77 sIn
1M3<1 CU412 4.007 0 - I StO 7 100 ' Slit 2.1 77 $01I S
13&35 Cue04 28t l .4 so 1 5 1. , 21 1.77 51'S
I MH CL3a14 .. -28t t 4 so . $0111 2.177 51.5
1382 51 DAT A SH EET FOR DCIDC CO NVERTERS '"
8 Blades, sizes ,050, 1/ 16",
5/16",3/32",7/64", 1/8 ",
9/64",5/32"
NO. $3.45
HUNTER TOOLS
d
ELPAC POWER SUPPLIES - SOLV SERIES FULLY REGULATED
13101 10,1. Shllor 13101 . . .s.n
Stock No . 131 0 1 - " Fl o p" y Dll c "
$10990
U)
o
Z
o
a:
I-
o
W
....J
W
6
Ci
<
a:
170
Low
As
DIP Cat. No. Each
8-pin 276-1745 1.79
8-pin 276-1746 2.29
14-pin 276-1747 4.49
1
79
Varactor UHF-TV Tuner
Frequency
Compensated
Brand New-
NOT Surplus
NEW!
UES-A56F. Sensitive, stable'-great for project s,
replacement, conversion to 450 MHz ATV. 75-ohm
in/out . V + : 12VDC. 0 to 28VDC for tuning. With
data. 277-220 24.95
NEW!
24
95
Type
TL091 (Single)
TL092 (Dual)
TL094 (Quad)
Input : one trillio n ohms, typi cal. Short-circuit pro-
tected. Senses input levels at or near ground poten-
tial. 3 to 36VDC, single or split suppl y.
NEW!
89
95
It's the DVM
That "Thinks"!
Built-In "Beep"
Continuity Check
Low-Battery
And Over-Range
Indicators
With Test Leads,
Spare Fuse and
Instructions
You choose the function, it selects and displays
the range automat ically-even if probes are re-
versed! Convenient "beep" cont inuit y and range-
change indicator (switchable). Range-hold feat ure
overrides auto-rangi ng when desired. Measures
up to 1000 VDC, 500 VAC, 200 mA (DC and AC), 2
megohms wit h very accurate tow-resist ance read-
ings. 6
3/
ax3'/ 2x Pia". Requires two " AA" batter-
ies. 22192 . . . . . .. 89,95
Low As
299 NEW!
Color-coded wire leads
for easy hookup. U.L.
listed. 120VAC primaries.
CT =center tap.
Miniature SPDT Relays
NEW!
,3
49
Each
Cat.
Secondary No. Only
6.3VAC at 450 mA 2" 273- 1364 2.99
12VAC at 450 mA (CT) 2- 2731 365 3.59
24VACat 450 mA(CT)
2' 11 "
2731 366 3.99
9/16 X
25
132X 5/S"
' Contacts Rated
3 Amps at 125VAC
5VDC, 70-0hm Coil. 275-246 . .. . 3.49
12VDC, 400-0hm Coil. . . . 3,49
r
," ..
:,. '.
, . "
. ' ;
"' ....
THERE'S NO PLACE LIKE THE PARTS PLACETM
. No Wctitin'g! No LOw Prices!
Shielded Transformers LCD 3V2-Digit Autoranging NFET IC Op Amps
, Multimeter
o
o
b
OJ
m
JJ
2
49
Omnidirectional. with 20 to 15,000 Hz
4 dB response. 2-lOVDC, 1 mi lliamp
max. current drain. 9.4mm dia. x
6.6mm. 270-090 ... . . . . 1.19
Just 11/32 X 3/ 8 X 1/>4",
and ideal for
crowded boards
with .100" centers.
SPDT contacts: 1
amp at 125VAC.
55-ohm, 90 mA coil.
275-240 . .. . . 2.49
f;..C Outlet NEW!
Analyzer
Neon readout warns 5
95
you Instantly If a 3-wlre
(grounded) outl et or exten-
sion cord is faulty. Just plug
it i n before usi ng tools, ap-
plian ces or amplified musi-
cal instruments.
22-101 . . 5.95
Great for secur ity, use in clock radios,
digital projects and more. 3.0-20VDC.
12 milliamps at 12VDC. 17.5x 4.5mm
diameter. 273-065 2.49
Micro-Mini 5VDC Relay
NEW! 2
49
NEW!
3/ a X 9116 X 3/ a"
5VDC DIP Relay PC-Mount Electret Mike
2
99
NEW! 1
19
NEW!
Fits 14-pin DIP socket or mounts on
PC board. SPOT contacts: 2 amps
at 125VAC. 72 mA, 70-ohm coil.
275-243 . .. .. 2.99
Low 1
29
As
NEW!
[Q 40-Pin Card Edge Socket . Solder eyelets. 276-1544 . . 2.59
50-Position Card Edge Socket . Solder eyelets. 276-1545 . . 2.99
[Q] 40-Position Socket With 12" Cable . 276-1542 .. . ... 4.99
50'-Posit ion Soc ket With 12" Cable . 276-1543 .. 5.49
40-Position Header. 276-1540 ... 1.29 50-Pos .276-1541 ... 1.49
For clean-not kluged-projects! Ideal for peripheral circuits and trans-
forming one computer format to another. These top qualit y, dual-sided glass
boards accept card 'ecqe connectors, sockets and headers. They are in-
dexed to save time and reduce wiring errors.
Fig. Connectors Contact Points Size Cat. No. Each
A 40 posit ion 1520 4' /4x 5' /4 276-163 4.95
A 50 position 1520 4'/ 4x 5'/ 4 276-164 4.95
B 40 position 2898 5'/4x 8' /4 276-165 9.95
B 50 positi on 2898 5' /4x 8' 1. 276-166 9.95
Radio Shack Exclusive!
Push-In Neqn t.amps
NEW!
One red, one green. Bui lt-i n drop-
ping resistors for 120VAC. Mount
instantly in 711 6" holes.
272709 . . . Pkg . of 99
Boards & Connectors for Computer Projects PC-Mount Piezo Buzzer
.99
.99
.99
.99
.99
.99
.99
.99
Pkg. of 2
Fast -Acting
Cat. No.
270-1220
270-1221
270-1222
270-1223
270-1224
270-1225
270-1226
270-1227
NEW!
Amps
'/ 4
'/ 2
3/4
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
ltadl8/haeK
A DIVISION OF TA NDY' CORPORATION OVER 8500 LOCATIONS IN 80 COUNTRIES
. Retail prices may vary at individual stores and dealers
Pigtail Fuses
IF, FMIAudio and
Video Detector ICs
[AJ lliJ [Q]
[{i] MC1330, 3rd IF, video detec-
tor, video and AFC buffers. High
linearity. Outputs : Wideband
video, AFT, narrow-band reverse
video. 8-pin w/specs.
276-1757 2.49
1m MC1350 Universal IF Amp
With AGC. For radi o and TV cir-
cuits to 60 MHz. Typica l gain at
45 MHz: 50 dB. 8-pin w/specs.
276-1758 2.19
IQ MC1358/CA3065. tF amp
(100 kHz to 5.5 MHz), limiter, FM
detector, electro nic atten uator,
audio dr iver. 14-pin w/specs.
276-1759 1.79
CAPACITOR CORNER

..
K"
!!!!.!!!:
h ",", .....
10451Pl
"
C.OSf'fea sIOn TllT'llf . .. 1495
1045(V/Krt
"
Slopwatttl Cllip. xn . .. . ... 1995
71D6CPl .. 3'n ClgltAlD(LCOOrIVlI . . . .. ... 9 95
1106V/Krt .. IC. CirtvllBo.&nl . [)jipUy. ... . .. 34.95
7107CPl .. 3.,.,Dtptt,vO(l EDOfM) . .... . . . 11.95
7101EV/KIl o .. IC. CIrcuit Bon. OIsp\,ay ..
n"
711GCPl .. 3' [)lg4,v OlCDOls.HLO 1695
7111CPl .. 3'f10lgII,v0 lEOOls HlO
""
720lI U5 low B.atluyVoll IlIdlaotOl" . 2.25
7205IPG
"
CM05LEOStll9'llatchlTlrntr 1295
12O!lV/KJI
"
StopwltdlCIIip.XTl .... .. . 1495
72o&CJPf 11 TllNGeoeralOl" ... . ... 495
1206CEV/Krt 11 TontG. nen IOl" Cl'wp. Xn . ..... . 1.95
7207AIPO
"
OKlll.l torControlltr. . 5,95
7207AEV/ Krt
"
Frtct Counler ChlP.XTl . : : : ' : . : : : ' :: : : :: ' . 1.95
71011Pl
"
5eftIl Dea6tCounltr 1595
72091PA
CIOl:Ii:; . 39 5

"
4 FutIC. CMOS CKT 13 95
1215(V/Krt.
"
4 Fr,rtIC. Stopwlktl Cltlp. xn .
""
121GAUI
"
1 DIgit UlWCcuntlf CA, . . 29.95
7216CUI
"
. .
""
721601PI
"
...
""
72171J1
"
4 ClIott lfO Up/Down CounterCA
10"
1211AIPI
"
4 DIgit l EDUp/ Down COItnIIl"C.C.
""
12241PL .. lC04'n DIIiIlt UpCounl.rOR! .
10"
7225AUl .. SOl Sl " Unt'f. Counltr .. .. .. . . 2995
1226AEV/Krt .. 5 FurK:!lOf1Counltr ClIl p, XTl . . . . . 749!1
72401JE 11 CM05 111 n Prog Tln'llf/ Counler . .. . . . . . .. 4,95
7142\JA
CJ.lOS TITItf. .. . . . . 2.25

72501JE 11 CMOSBCOProg TlIT'IIf/ Counter. . . . . .. 1 00
72601JE 11 CMOS BCO Prog. Tlr'I'lIf/ Counltr .... . . . 52 5
75551'"
CMOS 555Tmtr. .. .. 1.45

7556IPO
"
CUOS556Tmtr ... ... .2.20
7611BCPA
CMOS QpAmp . . Str.I V 2.25

7612BePA
CUOS AmpEx! Cnwr.

,"V
'"
152IBCPA
CUOSOwlOpArnt:! Conp, . . . 5Ir.l V

' "
7631CCPE 11 CMOS TnOpArnt:!Comp 10MV OJ,
764ICCPO
"
. lDMV
'50
"'2tCPO
"
.. . 101r.l V 1.50
71S6OCPA
. .::: ::::::: .
"
11 tr.Ionolrllllt: Logarrtlln"c:Amp_...... . .. 1995
. .
zs
74C221 11
'" 74C240
"
1.95
"
1,39 74C244
"
U 5
74Cl01
"
.. 14C373
" '"
74C1S1 11 2,49 74CJ74
" '"
74Cl 54
" '"
14C901
"
39
74C157 11
"C903
"
39
74Cl60 11 1.19
""'" "
39
74C161 11 1.19 74C911
"
."
74C162 11 1.19 74C912
"
U5
74C11S3 11 1.19 74C915 11 1,19
14C164
"
1.49 74C917
"
US
74C173 11 .19 7-4C922 11 4,49
74CH4 11 1.19 14C923
,.
."
14CH5 11 1.19 74C925 11
' "
74C192 11 1.49 74C9215 11
51'
74C193 11
'" """
11 39
74C195 11 1.39 lOt" 11 .39
lHOOO2CH10 5.95 HE571N 11
'" llr.l1OCLH 3.95
l M103CH
1.19
llr.lll ClH 3.95
ltr.l340T-5 . 19 llr.l101i1'f
" " l HOO700H
llr.l340T t 2 .19 lMT10H
"
..
n071 CP
."
llr.l340T 15 .19 L1r.l 71H1
"
. 19
n 012CP
"
lM341p5 .15 llr.l723N
" " n 074CH
"
1.49
lM341p12 .15 LIr.l733N
"
'00
T1081CP
"
LM341p15 .15 l h4139H
"
1.95
Tl08ZCP
."
llr.l 342p5 69 l M141CN
.J5
TlOl4CH
"
."
l lol342p12 69 MC1741SCG 2.95
llol300H
."
lM342p15
"
l N747H
" " lMJ01CH
.J5
l lr.l 348N
" "
l M748H
."
lU301CH
."
LIr.l 350K 4.95 lN I014H 10 1.19
LIr.l302H 1.95
LF351H
.60 lMI310
"
1.49
ltr.l3Q4H '-',
LF353H
1.00 LMI45&tN
.59
l M305H
."
lf355H
1.10 lMI418H
" " l lr.l 307CH
."
lF356N
1.10 l UI489N
" " l MJOaCN
"
l 1r.l 358N
.69 l M1496H
" '" llr.l309H 1.95
llr.l359N
"
1.19 lMI556V
1.15
llr.l309K 1.25
l M370H
"
4.049 llr.ll800H 11 149
llr.l31OCH 1.75
LM373H
" '"
lM1871H 11 1.95
lM311CH .69 LM317
"
1." l 1r.l 1872H 11 2.49
l lr.l3 12H 2.49 lMJION
"
."
lIr.l1871H-914
'" l M317MP 1.15 l lol381H
"
' .19 llr.ll 859H 11 US
lU317T 1.19 lM382H
"
139 llr.ll l96H
"
'"
lM317K
'"
lM3I4N
"
' . 19 llr.l2002T 1.49
l M318CH
1.95 lMJ86H3
."
l1ol2171P
,."
Ul 319H
"
1.95 LM387H
"
l U2871P
'"
LIol 320K5 135 l M339H 11 1.19 lM28W-I 1.59
l M320K12 1.35 lh4392H
.69 llr.l3189H 11 1."

lM32QK15 1.35 lf398H
3.95
l""""
" "
l tr.l 320T-S
."
LI,l399H
'00 lMJ905CN
1.19
LU320T12
"
Tl49-4CH 11 2.95 l U3909H
."
LMJ20T15
"
Tl496CP
1.19 Lh43914N 11
'"
LM323K
'"
HE510A
" '"
lM3915H 11
'"
l M324H
" "
HE529A
"
'"
l 1ol 3916H 11
'"
l M3290l
"
HE53 1V
'"
AC4136N
"
U S
l lr.l 331H
3.95 NE536H . 00 RC4151HB
'" l tr.l 334Z 1.19 NE540H 4.95 RC419-4TX

,."
lM335Z 1,40 HE544N
" '"
AC4195TK
' "
U1335Z 1.19
."...
"
1.95 ltr.l 45OOA 11 1.95
ltr.l331T 195 "IE555V
.J5 ICl1038B
" '"
l U337tr.1P 1.15 l tr.l556N
"
69 lMl3080N
1.1S1
l M338K
'" ."".
11 2.95 llr.ll 36OOH 11 1.19
ltr.l339H
"
69 LI,l 565N
"
1.19 75133H 11 1."
l lr.l 3401(5 l Ir.l 566CN
'"
15' '''''
"
." l tr.l J40K12 1.35 lU56N
."
75451CN
.39
lM34DK' 15 1.35 HE570N 11
'"

"
69
Solder Eyelet/Wire Wrap Edge Card
hrtH . CtIlIXtI S Pritt
15/ 3GSE 15/30 .158 Sotd.-fy* 1.95
18/ 36SE 11/ 31 .158 S..... EytItt U 9
22144SE 2Z144 .158 SoilIIrE)Wt: 1.95
I'C"raJ:::Ji,.uri)

116111 50IHlG .125 lIM Wrap. ltwI3 l Z.15
116112 501100 .1n WlrtWrJ, L"' 3 12.15
!!!!.l!!.
1103
.,m
4116H2
-4116H3
411&N4
4164N2
MU5211
MM5252
MM5270
MM5210
Mtr.l 5290-2
1r.l1r.l 5m 3
tr.Itr.I5290-4
Ir.l tr.l5298 3
74S188
745287
145288
74S381
745411
74S4n
745473
745474
14$475
745471
74S570
74S571
74S572
14S573
82$23
825115
825123
82$ln
125129
82$130
125185
OU81S1BON
OU81S111H
OI .l87S1804H
OU87S115H
DIr.l875HIOH
OM81S191N
Ol"llls I'l1u
1I 1024X1 13OOtlS). . ....
1. 409&1 aDns . . . . .. . . . 2 49
1. 16.334'11 . . 2.2!I -III1. 5
1. 200ns . 1 5 -11I14 5
1. 16.3S4d 2SOns . . 1.4.-11I10.85
11 1S5.536.'l:1(2OOns . 5- 11&1 .15
I=: :..
11 409&:1 (15Ons MK4096. ..-495
..
1. 16.3S4)llI2OOn1 1. 5 - 1/14. 15
1. 16.384'11 250M . 1.4 11I10..5
18 819b l 200ns .. . . . .. 1.69
PROMS
113M PROIr.lO.C. (lS3JO.l) . . . 1.4.
i:
4
::::t ::
1. PROMDC. (6300-11 . . .. 1. 5
2:0 256x8 PROM T,S. (6309-1 . . 5 S
ZO 512x1 Pf'OMT.5. (S349-1 . 4 5

24 512x1 PROM0 C. . . . 4."
Z4 10244 PROMr.s ..15
11 51b4 PROMOC. .. 1 .15
11 51b4 PAOMT S . . .1 11

1. 32x8 PROIr.l D,C. 127S1' 1' " .1 5
24 5124 PROIr.lT.S. (21515 . 5
18 32x8 PROIr.lT.S, (27S19 . .. . 2 5
, . 256;(4 PflOIr.lO.C,127S20) ... . :1 5
:::. t ::
l ' 2048x4 PROM r.s jTBP24S11j . 5
Z4 1024:ca PROM O,C. (12S111O) .. . 5
24 1024x8 PAOtr.I r.s.(825181) . . 5
=: .. .,::::
24 2'04&4 PROIr.l 0 .C. 182S19O). . 1 5
2:4 204bl PROIr.l T.S. (825191). . 1.5
RDM'S

NMOS READ ONLY MEMORIES
MCJ.l66710P 24 12blb1 ASCIISlIlfltd w/GrHk 1350

DATA ACDUI SITION I ..,=-,,,.......,,,....,.
OCl0 Mosl.kOC/OCCGrwtr1 +5VIo 9V. . . 2.95
MC3470P l' ... , 4.95

AFl001CN 1. UIIIYtrUIAc1rYtfl"_2.5% . . .. .. 595
AF12H CJ 24 Tont low Bindf lll. r . . . . . 19.95
AF1221CJ 24 TllUdl Tont Hlgh8ll\dFllter . . . .. .19.95

. : ::
l F398N 5.a.mpl. &H .. .... . . .. 3,95
20
0AC0806 11 lbI1D/AConYtrter(0.78%Un .) . . .. . 1.95
I..;.;;;;;;....;.;....,;;;,;......

0AC1 020 1. lQ-bil O/AConvtrtlr"(O.05%un .! .. 149
0AC1022 1. 10 bIlO/ AConvttlu (0.20%lin 5.95
CAC1222 11 12 b/t O/A ClMMrtlf(0 20%lin 1.95

IC SOCKETS I
For Socket Required, See Column After The ICPart No. I
LOW PROFILE (TIN) SOCKETS WIRE WRAP (GOLD) SOCKETS
1," 25.. 50-100 LEVEL #3 1" ,..., 50-100
8 pin LP . 17 . 16 . 15 8 pin WW .59 .54 .49
1-4 pin L P .20 . 19 . 18 10 p In WW .69 .63
16 p i n L P .22 .21 . 20 14 pin WW .79 .73 .67
11 pi n LP .29 .21 .27 16 p in WW .85 . 71 .70
20 p in LP .34 .32 .30 18 p in WW .99 .90 .11
22 p in LP . 37 .36 .35 20 p in WW 1.19 1.08 .99
21( p in LP .31 .37 .36 22 pin WW 1.49 1.35 1.23
21 pin LP .45 .44 .43 24 pi n WW 1.39 1.26 1.14
36 p in LP .60 .59 . 58 21 p in WW 1.69 1.53 1.38
40 pi n L P .63 .62 .61 36 pin WW 2.19 1.99 1.79
- $o ldmail Slarw:tard Tin ' Gold Also Available - 40 p In WW 2.29 2.09 1.89
$10.00 Minimum Order - U.S. Funds Only
California Residents Add 6Y, % Sales Tax

170ZA
2108
21085
TIr.lS2516
TIr.lS2532
TM52M4
TMSZ716
2116
2732
moo
MU2764
"."" III COP1102
M265O
Pritt
1101 11 256xl 1.49
.. : ::: :::::: 2.: ;
21102 11 1024'11 1-45OnS) l .P, . .... . .. 1.4S1
1:

21142 1. ' 200M) ..1"'.-11I1""
2114l 2 l' 1024x4 {2OOns)l.P.. I '." .III 1"."
21413 1. 4051&11 (150ns).... .. .. 3.9S
2147 1' 4Oielll 17onsl ..... .. 4.05
2:148 1. 7Ons ... . . .. . . .195
TMS4044 l' 409&1 45Ons1 ... 395
TMS4045 1. 1024'14 45Ons .. ..... . . . . 3.95
5101 n 25&4 14SOns CMOS . 4.95
MJ.l 5257 11 409&1 . . . . . . . -495
HMl l1&4 2:-4 2048x8 200ns cuos 7 "
HM6116lP-4 %4 204&8 (2OOnS) l. P. CMOS .. S
7489 1. lEx4 (5OIIs)3101 .... __. .... 225
74C920 :lZ 25&4 (25Ons) Ctr.l OS (1S 551)... 395
74C921 l ' 25&4 (25OnSi CMOS .... .. 3.95
..
7-45189 1. lEx4 (35tts)9J.405 . . . . . 1 95
74S200 1. 256xl (BOns) Sl3410 . 395
....::
l=lgg
EPROMS
24 25&11 (l us) 4 95
24 1024:ca 395
%4 102-418 (55On'S) 5tr.1oo246 . . . 2"
=:
2:1 119ha (4SOns) ... ... 14 "
Z4 Z04&x8 (45Ons ) 3 'l'O/tag1 .. 79 5
24 204&8 14SOns) ... .. " 5
24 409I5:l8 (4SOns) .,........ 5

MICROPROCESSOR CHIPS
zeo (78OC) 40 CPU !tr.l K388OH)(2MH1) .... . 11. ' 5

COP1B02 40 CPU 995
21SO 40 Ir.lPU ..... .... .......... 1U5
::
IHS8035H'6 40 MPU 595
INS8039H1 4G CPU Ram) . 5.95
INS8040H-6 40 CPU . . . _ 14.95
IHS8070N 411 CPU M) . . 19 95
IN58013H 40 CPU w/ &m: MICrO Inttrprltlr . . . 24.95
PlOSS 40 CPU . . .. . ... 5.95
MICROPROCESSOR MANUALS
7.50
. . .... . ....... . 7.5O
5,OO
6BOO/6BOO SUPPIlRT DEVICES
MC6800 40 Ir.lPU . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . 4.95
MC6S02CP 40 Ir.l PU RAIr.l . . . .. . 7 95
MC68IOAPl 24 12WSUtil: RAM.. .... ..... .. 3 95
MC6821 411 Ptrlphnll nl.r . (MC6820) . . .U5
MC6I 21 2: 4 PnomyInl_rupt Controller....... 15
MC&&30lI 24 1024)l1blt ROM(MC6aA I) ... . 10,95
MC6I 50 2:4 AsynclwonousCnm.Adlptu . . . 4.95
MC6I 52 24 5ynthronousS.n,Jo.tlAllaptlf ... . 5.75
MC5860 24 D-6ClCIb9sOlgI11I MOOE M . .. 9.95

BOBO/B080ASUPPORT DEVICES
IHS8080A 4lI CPU . _.. .. _.. . . . . .. . . .. . . . 3,95
0P8212 24 8' bl\ lnputl DutP!Jl .... ... . 2 25

DP8224 11 . . . .. . . 2,25
DP8226 11 Sus DrlYor .. __. .. 225
Df'8221 2:. Systl mContreller/ BusDr!Ytf . .349

IN58250 40 As)'l'ltllronousComm.Eltmtnt 10 95
OP82S1 2' Prog. Comm.I /D (USAltT) . ... . ,4.49
DPa253 24 Prog. lntlMlTimIr .. _ . .. . 15 .95
DP8255 40 Prog PwlpIwr.al I/O(PPl) . 4 49
OPa257 40 Prog. OMAControl .... . ... .. . . 7 95
OPa259 2. Progl nt.rrupt Conlrol ....... _ I5.95
OP8275 40 Prog, CRTControlltr .. . , . . 29 95

DP83G4 20 !-b lt Bl [)jrec:tlOn;l1Rec. lv.r . ... . 2.49
DP&307 20 8brtBH)lrtctionaIRK.IY.r .. . . 2.49
DPI308 20 !-bit BlDIrec:t iONt RKtmr" . . .. . 2.49
DP!310 20 OCUiutchecl Pft1plllfalOfMr. .. 495
0PI311 2:0 OCUlutchtdPer1phtralDrMr . . .495
JUIl1.!JfJl
1355 SHOREWAY ROAD, BELMONT, CA 94002
10/82 PHONE ORDERS WELCOME - 415 5928097
CA3089N 15 1.&9
CAJOgtiH 11 1.19
CAllJOH 1.95
CAl140H 149
CAll60H 195
CAl401H 14
CAltiOON 14 395
C04098 11 1 95
C04506 11 1.19
C04507 14 .39
C04508 24 395
C04510 11 89
C04511 ,. 89
C04512 11 89
C04514 24 1.19
C04515 24 1.79
C04516 11 99
C04518 11 .99
C04519 1. J9
C04520 1 .79
C04526 11 1.19
C04528 I' 1.19
C04529 11 1.19
C04543 11 1.19
C0451S2 14 1595
C04566 11 139
C04533 11 2 49
C04534 14 .15
C04723 1. 11 9
C04724 , . 119
UC14409 ,. 13 95
UC14410 11 13 95
MC111 24 IUS
UCl4412 11 1395
MC1441911 795
J.lC14433 24 13 95
IoIC14533 11 1.19
UC14541 14 1.19
........ 11' ..... 11' .. 1.1:.
....." StcbC pwdIut
PIrtle. 0",,1 I"rkI
SN14156N 14 .59
SN14151N 11 .59
SN14160N 11 69
SN141151 N l' 69
5N14162N 1. 69
SH14183N 11 69
SH74164N 14 69
SH141651f 11 69
SH74166H 11 89
SH741 61H , . 2-79
SH74110N 1. 1.29
SH74172N Z4 49 5
SN74173N 1 .69
SH14174H 11 69
SH14115N 11 .69
SN141761i 14 69
SN15117H 14 69
SH74119.l1 11 1,49
5H7418QH 14 69
SN74181H Z4
SH141S2H 1. 89
SH141804'' 11 1.95
SH74185H 16 1.95
SH1419Of( 16 69
SN74191H II 69
5H14192H II 69
5H74193H 11 69
11 69
5H141i5N 11 69
SH14196/1l 14 89
5N14191H 14 89
5/1114198H Z4 1.19
5H14199N 2:4 1.19
5.. 14221N 11 1.19
SH74251H 11 .19
5H74216H ZO 1.95
SH14279N 1. . 79
SH142&3N 11 1.49
SN14234N 11 2 95
5N14285H 11 29 5
5N14365H 11 .55
5N14366N 11 55
SN14361N 11 .55
SH14368N 1. .55
5N1439OH 1. 1 49
SH14393H 14 149
74LS192 1. .7S1
14LS19) 1 .19
7415194 1 .69
74LSI95 1. 69
74LS197 14 .19
74L5221 11 .89
74l S240 2:0 1 09
14lS241 20 1.09
7415242 14 109
1415243 14 1 09
14LS244 20 109
74LS245 2:0 l.49
74LS247 11 1 09
74lS248 11 1.09
74LS249 II 1.09
74LS251 11 .59
74L5m 1. 59
74lS257 11 59
74LS258 1. 59
74LS260 14 .59
74L5268 14 .69
74L5273 ZO 14 9
74LS279 18 49
74LS283 15 69
74LS290 14 89
74LS293 14 .19
74l5m 11 89
74lSJ52 16 1.29
7415353 11 1.29
74lS36516 49
74lS366 11 .49
74lS367 1 .49
74lSJ68 16 .49
7415373 2:11 129
74lSJ 74 2: 0 129
74lS375 11 69
74l S386 14
74lS393 14 1.19
74lS399 11 1.49
74l S510 11 1.49
811595 20 l.49
11l S97 2:11 1,49
141. $92 14 .55
74lS93 14 55
74lS95 14 , ]i
74lS95 1. 19
7415107 14 .39
74L5109 11 39
74LS112 n .39
74LSI13 14 39
74L5114 14 .39
74L5122 14 49
74LSI23 11 . 79
74LSI2S 14 49
14L5126 14 49
14LSI32 14 59
74LSI33 11 59
74L$136 14 39
74LSI33 11 59
74lS139 11 59
14L5151 11 51i1
14L5153 16 59
74L5154 24 99
14l S155 11 69
74LS156 11 59
1U5157 16 159
16 59
74lS160 16 69
7415151 11 59
74LS152 16 159
74L5163 ,. 159
741S164 14 59
74L5165 11 1.19
74LS161 11 1.19
7415169 16 1.19
7415170 11 1,49
74L5173 1. 159
74l S174 16 59
14LSI15 16 59
14lS181 24 14 9
74lS190 16 69
74LS191 11 89
14S124 11 295
745133 1. 45
745134 18 50
74S135 11 f9
745136 14 1 39
145138 11 89
745139 15 89
74S140 14 55
14S151 11 99
745153 11 .99
14S157 11 99
745158 16 99
74S115O 1. 249
745114 11 99
745175 1. 99
74S118 , . 1,49
7451!M 11 1 49
14S195 11 1,49
145t96 14 14 9
145240 2:11 225
745241 ZO 225
14S242 14 24 9
C04040 15 .19
C04041 14 . 79
C04042 15 159
C{)4043 11 .19
C04044 11 .79
C04046 1. 89
C04047 14 89
C04048 1 .39
C04049 1. 39
C04050 1. 39
C{)4051 11 79
C{)4OS2 1 .79
C04053 11 19
C04056 11 29 5
C04059 24 79 5
C04060 11 89
C04066 14 39
C04068 14 39
C04069 14 29
C04070 14 39
C04071 14 29
C00t012 14 29
C04073 14 29
C04075 14 29
C04076 11 .19
C04018 14 49
C04081 14 29
C04082 14 29
':04093 14 49
"'tlN. ..."", Pritt
SN1412N 14 .29
SN7413N 14 35
5N1474N 14 .35
SH7415N 11 45
s,t.! 1416N 16 35
S/II1419N 14 49 5
5/11748ON 14 69
5/11 7482N 14 1.19
Sfrt 7483H 11 59
5/117485H 11
5/111486H 14
SH1489N 11 225
5/111490N 14 .39
5H1491N 14 59
5N7492H 14 .39
5N7493H 14 39
SH749-4N 14 .69
SN7495N 14 49
5N74i6N 1. 49
SH7491H 11 2.75
51f74100fil Z4 149
5H14104H 14 89
14 89
SH74107N 14 29
SH741 09/11 11 39
SN741 16H 2:4 149
SN14121N 14 39
SN14122H 14
SN74123N 16 49
S"l14125N 14 45
SH14126H 14 45
S"I74132N 14 49
SH14136H 14 69
5"174141N 1. 69
16 2 95
5N14143N 2:4 2 95
5N14144N 24 2.95
SN14145N 11 ss
S"l141'UN 11 149
SN74148N 11 1.19
SN141SDN 2:4 1.19
SN14151 N 16 .5'9
SH74152N 14 .ss
SIr414153N 11 !r9
Z4 1 25
SH141S5H 16 !A
14 . 19
5Jt7402H 14 25
$1(7403" 14 25
5111404H 14 25
14 25
14 29
51(7407" 14 29
14 25
5Jt7.cg " 14 25
Slt741QH 14 25
5H7411N 14 ,25
Slm12H 14 ,35
5'17413101 14 ,35
5H74104H 14 .49
5"'4 16H 14 .25
5H7417H 14 .25
51011420101 14 . 19
SH7421H 14 35
SH7422H 14 45
SN7423Jr1 l' .59
5111425H 14 29
5'17426" 14 29
S1II1427" 14 25
$H74211N 14 ..(9
SH743QH 14 25
5lt7432" 14 .29
SH7otJ7N 14 .25
5H7438" 14 29
5"'439H 14 59
$.lI744OH 14 . 19
5/111441N 1. 89
5H1 2111 11 45
SH1..43N l ' .gg
SH74441l1 l ' 99
5"'445" 11 69
5"'446" 11 69
Slt7447" l' 69
SN74411H 1. 69
SN745QH 14 . 19
SH7451H 14 . 19
5"17453" 14 . 19
5H74S4N 14 . 19
5"1459-' 14 25
SH1460H 14 . 19
SIiI147QH 14 29
14l SOO 14 25
14tSOl 14 25
74lS02 14 .25
74LSOJ 14 2$
74lSOot 14 29
74lSO!l 14 29
741508 14 29
74LS09 14 29
m S1D 14 29
mSl1 14 35
741512 14 35
rUS t3 14 39
7RS1" 14 59
74l S15 14 35
741520 14 .29
74lS21 14 29
74lS22 14 29
74lS26 '4 29
7.lS21 14 .29
74lS23 14
74lS30 14 .29
74lS32 14 35
74l S33 14 55
74LS37 14 35
74l S33 14 35
74L540 14 29
74lS42 11 55
74L$47 11 15
14L$43 11 .15
14L549 14 15
14LS51 14 25
14L554 14 .25
' 14 .29
14lS13 14 .39
14lS14 14 39
141515 11 39
14lS76 II 39
14LS18 14 .39
14L583 11 65
14L585 11 69
141586 14 39
14L590 14 55
74S00 14 35
74502 14 35
14503 14 35
74504 14 45
14505 14 45
14508 14 39
14509 14 39
14510 14 .35
14511 14 35
14S15 14 .35
14520 14 35
1.o1S22 14 35
74530 14 35
1.01 532 14 45
14S33 14
74540 14 39
14551 14 35
14S&4 14 39
74565 14 J9
14514 14 55
14$86 14 55
745112 11 55
145113 14 55
745114 14
C.&.3010H i9
CA301 3H 2.15
CA3023H 32 5
CA3035H 5 95
CA3039M 1 35
C4J046.lrj 14 81
1.01 3 25
C04000 14 29
C04OO1 14 29
C04OO2 14 29
C04OO6 14 89
C04OO1 14 29
C04009 115 39
C04010 1. 39
CtMOl1 14 29
CtM012 14 . 15
C04013 14 39
C04014 11 .19
C04015 11 39
C040115 14 39
C04011 11 75
C04018 11 .79
C04019 11 .39
C04010 15 .15
C04021 11 79
C040n 11 19
C04023 14 29
C04024 14 69
C04025 14 23
CD4026 11 249
C04021 11 45
C04028 11 69
CD4029 11 79
CD4030 14 39
C04034 2:4 1.95
CD4035 11 89
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172
JOYSTICKS
JS.5K Sklmear
Taper Pots $5.25
JS-1DOK . $4.95
JS-150K 84.75
JVC 40 Con' $4.95
Muffin Fan
t nsctm free air delivery
4.68" sq. x 1.50" depth.
10 yrs. cont. duty at 20C
Impedance protected.
ambients to 70 C
" 115V 5OI6OHz 14W WI. 17 oz.
MU2A1U $ 7.95 ea.
MU2A1N H_ . . . . . . . . $12.95 ea.
Pee Wee Boxer Fan
36cfm free air delivery
" 3.125" sq. x 1.665" depth
10 yrs. cont. duty at 2OC
" 115V5O/60Hz
For Apple users
$ 7.95 ea.
PWS2107F N_ S12.95 ea.
Kit comes completewith8 each MM5290 IUPD41 6/ 4116116K
Dynamic RAM(*ns) anddocumentation for conversion.
TRS16K2"ISO.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 816.95
TRS-16K3 "200n, . $14.95
TRS16K4 "250., 81D.95
" I I :1
to 16K, 32K. or4BK
""Mod'i l. From4Kfo 16KR,quln, 11)D.. Kh
Mod'i 3. From 4Kto 48K R,qulre, (3) Thrn Kh'
Color = From4Kto 16K R,quln , 11)0.. Kh
'Mldel l . , ..... fxpI ... ...,1I .,.4II(TWlIOII
- Oil IIb,..... -
:0
:1
Kit comes complete withBea. 41642 (200ns). 64KDyn. RAMs
&conversion documentation. converts TRS-BO colorcomputers
with E-Revision Boards from16Kto 32K.
TRS64K21 1 869.95
Universal Computer Keyboard Enclosure
" OTE" SWlk [)eskTop &1c1osutts
art deslgneclior usy mod!ra.
bOn. High slJengltI IPOKYmoIcSed
, \

,ttl

....., ........
. 0 4'
l l1 fJ i
:10 l 4 II
1' 0 ISO 120
:K O 21. IJ.'
110 .2
,.0 Il "
1.0 . l :I .
1.1
POWER SUPPLY - 5VDC @1 AMP REGULATED Trln sac:tlon Tech
OUlplll +5YDC 0 1 'In, (.1 1", 1It115VAC 60Hz. T..IOM (blKk/ btlll'l SIll
IIIdIslG . I 11: .. :I cH d. bllck powertif t!. SIzI: llYt"W I 7" 0 x ZV." H. Wt. :JIlls .
Plrt Ho.PS51194 .. .. ... 819.95 IIch
POWER SUPPLY - 5VDC @7.5 AMP. 12VDC @1.5 AMP SWITCHIHG
IIlpt1l : l t5VAC, o :J , /noVAC. 50flz0 1.1 p. Fa. ....I,.....P" IIIKt 1
c111l(115/13I1YAtj . o.n,.t:: 5YDC 0 7.I p, UVlIC01.I ..., . ft. bill.,...C1I . 11Y,"W.
13,*" 0. 3""H. WI. 111I .
Plrt Ho.PS94VO 849.95mh
POWER SUPPLY - 5VDC @1 AMPREGULATED """u"_
Olllptlt +5YDCO ' ''', .Jl-42YOC.lij. 400MA . ll u . lCIYAC(bll .) ot.5 ..p.lllIllfllUVAC

Plrt Ho. PS4D7D . ... $24.95m h
POWER PAC - Han y DillyMukl Y.... Pow. r Supply- SVDC, 1ZYDC, 2:4VDC
Olltpllt: +SYOCO :lOA, +UYOC 0 ZA, 1ZYDC0 4AI +2:4VDCO :IA. Inpllt: 11SYAC. 7A.

Plrt Ho. 2B5-D16 . . .. . . 889.95each
SDRENSiEN Regulated Power Supplies
Sorensen's open constructIon (SOC) power suppli es are series-
regul ated solid-stat e systems, designed to provide reg. DC
volt ages at 6 levels (228 vJrange). These uni ts are open-framed
on sturdy black anodized aluminum for excellent mounting.
FIATUIt ES: 11S/ml130YACI. pllt 0 5O-&3Hz. Law1l.!WI: 1.S.V"... $IIVp.p lI,.ilIIIM. All
ill. tabll CllfTNl lilll lt V... I'III}1.llHllttMtrl'.AM.tflNlItltI ..d.peclIIcatlNs plllH .... II...
Sartat:A.'.C.EUYltllrtl MllllItlIiI ll'llrl'C41I($lII F,bottOMlMIItrtilltlllly).
Powertec SubModular DC Power Supplies
8M ser ies power suppli es Include rectifying, filtering,
regul ating , overload and overvoltage protection functions. You
need only connect the sub-modu le to the appropriate secondary
transformer tap and bolt the unit to a heatslnk.
ItEGULATION: LINE; .111% lorackllll'. ITIIII 1D%tI + 111% Illpvl .... LlWI; .1S%" ' 0-100%
_II cu. (ltIlts ... SV.,11I IIIifttIlI SVrI1ulltlN). OUTPUT 1t 11't'U: 1. VItltS, 3MYp.p
Iyplul . SIlVp.p MUlMuM. IHI'tlT CHARACTEllllTiCS: Raqulr1l )aw.1IYIl AC.pllt. 0ImI1Ul,1ft
CWTIIIt 1S%!If II*ItIIllI at 511Hz.
lI S-1 70VAC 2IVAC 10A.... ICT 3 oo ,, ' .oo x 3 30 2 1t1l.
ll r.-l 2OVAC 18VAC24A-;,;c:r 290 ----;i ,0ci ;33O 21t1l
11S- 170.... AC 7IVAC7.SA.. ICT 7.7Sx S7 S xl.l 1 1 0L.
115-1 2OYAC l'....AC......1CT 7 IO x 7 5O,, 1,1' '01. 1
nS-17O'1AC 48VAC3Aw ICT 7.10 " 1.50 x 1.1' 101 .
I' 21
I ' 2\
.,. ."
.:K '21
.lI . 21
114 12 1
114 Il.
1.21 1.15
1." 11. 15
, ,
,..
1I_1 ""
023 " 11S- 12OVAC 17VAC SAno CT 7_50,, 3OOx !ll 7 01
7 7A t1 S- 12OVAC 7711AC.3A.. 1CT 3.oo xS 7S" 1.11 101_ i ,.. ".
221 -300
l2C l00 6 0.....
" e soo
W>""
2lf100 f Ico...
ALPS 26KEY CALCULATOR KEYBOARO
IMIZ"""'S.Iln{0lI/GfF}.TlIntIl'1 ..... 0IfttlI sT.,,,
tIlIlJM. M.w", SPIT S : n-pill
Plrt Ho. KB26 . 81.95n chor 2/$3 .49
MICRO SWITCH 69KEY KEYBOARD
Dita KtybNn. ( K IOM Olllput lobi! hr.... Ele ole. IddlIl,: KaIIEl'ftd , 24'" Edit
Cull CtIl Mdllll. Cltlllptitt . IUIPIlI cKIIN.
Plrt Ho. KB69SD122 IFnoIntoDTE20 Enclosure) ....... . 819.95IIch
DATAHETICS 7HEY KEYBOARD
ASCII ( IKMM 0wlplIt: .... I'IrIIy AlCII, SIlHIY......... 5 1t .... IwMe,,:
MtUillicll SPST- 50-'" c...ettN. c..pIItI wttIl PIllCHMdIM.
Plrt Ho. KB354 IFIt,lnto DTE20 Enclosure) 829.95IIch
MICRO SWITCH 85-KEY KEYBOARD
wen flnwdq 21,. EdV' 11ImVIII,..,YDC. "lIyNInI
.. QWEl n . MaIIulK., ....... Ctrrw I N wwtI"..... hMdtlIl .
Plrt Ho. 85SD181. . . . . ... .. .. . .. . . ... . ... . . ..... $29.95IICh
MICRO SWITCH aaKEY KEYBOARO (PARALLEL ASCII)
DatIElltryKIytlMnInH" . DIIbM l UDT........ su"" ''''11: +5Y, 12Y. SwidliItt : HII
[ffIct - l a-pillEll" en CIMKtIH. Sc-...lk W!dMtlI. US" 1041 ( IlCMIr cw, .
Plrt Ho. aaSD22 (Fh,lnto DTE20 Enclosure) 869.95IIch
'0' '' '
'0'"''

SOC,,1 .
"""" SOC12 1t
SOC121'
'" -OC: l,.,
'" soc .
""--
- ,
. .. ., .
.. . .' ' -
-., ' "
FULLS-BIT
LATCHED OUTPUT
19-KEY KEYBOARD
JE600
Hexadecimal
Encoder Kit
JE610 ASCII Encoded Keyboard Kit
Tn e JE610 A SC II Keyboar d K i t can be Int er t-ced Int o
mcst any co mpute r syst em. Th e kit com complet e
w it h an Industri al gra de ke yboard switch I "embly
(62-keys) , IC' " sockets, co n nect or , e lectro nic co mp o-
n ents a nd a dou b l. -sided p r int.d wiri ng board. Tn e
k ey board nnmb ly reQuir e s +5V @ 150m A a nd - 1 2 V
III 10 m A f o r operati o n. Featu res: 6 0 keys ge nerate the
126 ch ar a ct.rs, upper an d lower case ASCI I ..t . Fu llY
buf f.red. Tw o u se r-d efi ne k.ys p ro vid ed for custom
a pplica tions.. Ca p. lo ck fo r u p p. r c ...o n ly al ph. c:h.rac:-
t.rs. Ut ll iu . a 2376 (40-pi nl encoder re a do nly memory
ch ip . Outputs d irectly c:o m p a t ibl e w it h T TL/oTL or
MOS log ic: a rny . Eu y interf.cing with a 16 p in d ip o r
la-pin edge conne ctor. Sile : x 14 W ' W x 8 " " 0
JE610/DTEAK .. .$124.95
JE610 Kit .. $ 79.95
K62 62Key K.ybo a rd ( Ke yb o ud only) $ 34.95
DTEAK (e... onl y - l .... H xU.. W"' OI$ 49.95
e
JE212 - N.gat ive 12VOC Ad. pter Board Kit
NEWI for JE610 ASCII K EY BOA R D KI T Kitl
Provides-12VOC f ro m In c o mi ng SVDC . $ 9.95
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::D
OUlput Pric.
12VAC 250mA I 3.lS
12VAC500mA $4.15
12VAC1 .mp 15.15
t VAC1 .lIImp . . . . .. 13.I S
1I.2VAC2.5 limp S2.115 or 21$4.15
aVDC.IOmA S1.1I5or2JS2.15
6,1I .12VDC300mA St .15
I..5VDC275mA 12.411 or 2J$3.15
IVDC soomA .. 13.15
12VDC300mA. . _. _. 12.15 or 2/S4.15
Wall Transformers
AC and DC Types
Input
11TVJeOHz
117VISOHz
l1TVt&OHz
117V/80Hz
11TV/80Hz
120VIeOHz
120V/SOHl
11TVIeOHz
120VIeOHz
120.... IeOHz
AC250 (Plct ured)
PliTt No.
AC 250 (.bovel
AC 50D
AC1000
AC17110
AC_
oe IOQ
DCII1 2
DV5410
OCIOQ
DC1200
FORVOLKSWAGENSCIROCCO, RABBIT, AUDC 5000 AND FOX
(wl1h minor IIdjuI tmentl, can be UMd In 01"'1
Indodn bezel trim .. ...erything pic:tur.ci Two eL h 6 lpeaken .. ;r-.
(1\/l. dMpt. All c:.bhoI .. INds for hoot. Inc:lIiU Instruction Manual .
lor ly Insullll6on. Cul.l l dim. : 7WW x x e "'-L
Model 5VW3901 $49.95
11 Chip - 37 Minutes I
Er..... 2708, 2716, 2732:.2764, 2S16, 2532, 2564. Er..... up to ac:hlp.
wit hi n 51 mlnut (1 chip in 37 minut). M.lnt.rnl c:on.t.nl expolur.
dls t.nc. 01 on. inc:h. Spac:i.r c:onduc:II,. IOIm llna r . Umlnlilt.tlc:
bulldup. Buillin u f. ty lock to pre.,.nt U....exposure. Comp.c: t - only
1.110 x 3.70 x 2.80 . Compl.te wit h holding tray for a c:hlp .
UV5-11ELReplacement Bulb ' 16.95
DE4 UVEPROMEraser 579.95
f'iJ0MOTOROLA AM/FM Stereo
'CY Push Button Car Radio
STANDARDDB25 SERIESCABLES
OB25I"'" 41"1 101251' SSl-'5 ...
OBZSS< 41"1 1 0 8755 10,95 ...
DEl75P...' 4'", 2 0 825' HI.95 .
082Sf' '''S 4f "1 1 08 75' 11 D82SS 17-' 5 ...
DB75S... S 4 1" 1 208255 18.95 ...
Now you un orclec' 0875 " or 5 ConnktOf1 .....tIl lhe
u bi. nee:....-, 10 fit your ChocM fr ....
au< Iundl rd fl.1 u bl 4 , I' .IOGI lel'91" L Clill loclay.
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All UN low Pfo l' llI d'p plu!J' WIt h MWy dut y
p,n , for rephll'd appl>Ullorli
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$10.00 Minimum Order - U.S. Fund. Only Spec Sheet. - 30Ceach

S.nd for Monthly Sal F/y.rl Price. Subjec1 to Change
J
ameco
e
1355 SHOREWAY ROAD, BELMONT, CA 94002

10lB2 PHONE ORDERS WELCOME - (415) 5928097
* SHIPMENT IN 24 HOURS *
7:00AM to 5:00PM (PST)
Call: (415) 5928097
1 '
JUMPER AND CABLE ASSEMBLIES
STANDARD DIP JUMPERS

ti onal black soft carrying case & shoulder strap. Belt
cli p Ihands f ree). Operates on 3 AA cell balteries (not
incl.). Compact size: 3y''' x 4
'
4" x 1" . Wt. 6 oz.
Model 2830 $29.95
HPDisplay Sale National
5082 serle. - 0.43 Inch - 75egment
Color Dmrlpllon
50827650 Hi Ell Red CA- LHO .99 4/82.49
5OB2-7651 Hi Ell R'd CA RHO .99 4/82.49
50827653 Hi Ell R'd CC RHO .99 4/82.4 9
50827656 Hi Ell Red Overtlow,0 lRHO .99 4/ $2.49
50827660 Yellow CA LHO .99 4/S2.49
5082-7661 Yollow CA- RHO .99 4/$ 2.49
5082-7663 Yellow CC RHO .99 4/82.49
5082-7670 Green CA LHD .99 4/82.49
50827671 Green CA RHD .99 4/82.49
5082-7673 Green CC - RHO .99 4/82.49
5OB2-7676 Green Overtlow ,olRHO .99 4/$2.49
5082-7750 Red CA LHO .99 4/8 2.49
5082-7751 Red CA RHO .99 4/82.49
5082-7756 Red Overtlow ,olRHO .99 4/82.49
5082-7760 Red CC RHO .99 4/$2.49
CAComm. Anode CCComm . Cathod. lHD /RHD-L.IUright h.nd ct.c.
173
3 .00
3 .50
1. 2 0
Male
Female
Hood
16K APPLE
RAM CARD
G-35V 2A QualityPower Supply
PrOVides 4 ranges of cur rent IIml l l ng up to 2A
Use s precrston regulation lind power lfanSIS-
lor booster. Aas m $2 4 .50
HKIT 83A Kit $19.50
3DWSingle Channel Power Amp.
Compact power Imp. With vol ume. treble
and base ceet rcr. Ell cell ent lor boost,ng Ihe
power of your portable radiO. or cassene.
Connect to your TV aud,o and excenenee t he
real sound of your TV program .
HKIT-300 Asam $21.95
CONNECTORS
RS 232
RS 2 3 2
RS 232
LCD MUltlmSt8r
The affo rda ble LCD Mu i limll t er . Hi gh acc u racy 19
range l ar ge 3* digit DMM With diode test. auto
polanty and LO altt. md' Cl t or . Full y Assembled.
Model 101 .. $69. 95 9V Battery $0.95
HITECH KITS
EDUCATIONAL INNATURE FUN TO SUILD AND USE
Kit $49.50
Upgrilde your 48K Apple 1/
to ful/64K
BARE BOARD 24.00
KIT . 49.00
ASSEMBLED 81 TESTED 69.00
3 2.768 KHZ 1.90 5.185 3 .90

1.0 MHZ 4 .50 5.7143 3.90
1.8432 4 .50 6.5536 3.90
2.0 3.90 8 .0 3.00
2. 09 71 52 3.90 10.0 3.00
2.4576 3.90 14.31818 3.90
3.2768 3 .90 18.0 3 . 00
3.579545 3.00 18.432 3.00
4 .0 3.00 20.0 3 .00
5.0 a.oo 22.1184 3.00
5.0688 3.90 32.0 3.90
8000, 6800, CMOS, Crystal,
Linear, TTL, 74's.
Call or write for prices on
70lg11
Universal Counter
HKIT86A
Function Generator
G-50V 3A Regulated
Adjustable Power SupplV
Wllh overload protection and LEO
power on mdrc at or. Assem $28 .50
HKIT 503 Kit $24.50
Gen eral e. t n angl e, sq uare or sine
wavll . 1 Hz to 100 KHz. Ideal fer
tcst i ng l ud lO am ps . Anm 535.50 Tr ansf ormer
H KIT-5 5 Kit $29.50
Hii;Chd .
4425 W. S epul v eda Blvd. Tor rance CA 90505
Phone Orders: (213) 371-2160
VISA and M/ C welcomed , Mi ni mum Order $9.00
. ShIpping i1nd Handli ng $ 2.00. CA restdent add 6% tax .
PLEASE VIS IT OUR STORE. Open 10:00 6:00 M o n. t hnJ Sat .
Special discounts to iMt rtutions. 0 ..... inquW1M irMt od
Unrverul Co unter counts up
to 60 MHz and 10 mrmcn
events . 7 Ia rge 0.5" dlglls.
Cry stal t i me base. High per-
formance.
1. 6 5
1.95
. 9 5
. 9 5
. 9 5
. 95
2.90
1.25
"
MISC.
Interface
Uarts
8T26
8T28
8T95
8T96
8T97
8T98
OMS131
058836
lnl 18.95
1791 34.95
1793 34.95
1797 49.95
A Y3-1014 5 .85
AY51013 3 .90
AY52376 12.00
TR 1602 4 .25
Disc Controller
5.4
5.45
7.0
6 .90
9.45
6.90
7.65
9.90
4.35
9.90
13.95
11 .75,
Com., \IIt'Ith 25 pr..progr ammed
t unes .
280
CPU
PIO
CTC
(214) 278-3553
6500
6502
6 502A
6504
6505
6507
6520
6522
6532
6551
Z80 A
Z80 A
Z80 A
Call for Complete List
MICROPROCESSOR
REALTlME CLOCK
MSM 5832
6.90
IC Sockets ST W/W
8PIN . 10
14 PIN . 1 2 .50
16 PIN . 15 . 57
18 PIN . 20 . 85
20 PIN . 2 5 . 9 9
22 PI/Il . 2 5 1.30
24 PIN .25 1.40
28 PIN . 3 5 1.50
40 PIN .40 1.80
ST = Solde rlai l
Wf\N = Wi r ewrap
The
Super Mualc

REVISI ON 2
SU.9S
(Ou i c Kit )
SEE SPECIAL
OFFER BELOW
II yo u have Irouble sl MPlng and you would lIke the rH I 01 lhe n.. ghborhood to share your
mi sery then thiS hUle kit Will be lor you' There ISno way 10 accu rate ly dncnbllhl unN rth ly
howls. screams Ind tone, 11'111 come oul c t ttns kit. Four separale tone OSCillators are mi xed.
cance l led and sl epped at a varying rat e 10 Watts 0 1crazy sounds . A grei llun kll or a pr acli eal
borgllr alar m Complele wllh PC bol rd and all necessary co mponenls lets speaker. For &-12
VDe ORDER DA-02 .
Doomsday Al a r m Kit SCI.9S
OPTI ONAL ACCESSORIES
DIP SWI TCHES One a pas , one 5 pol ,. lo r l une add,es . . .... . . . .. . . . ... . . . . 2.OOIMi
WALLPt..UG TRANSFORMER For ope ratio n on 117VAC hou, e current . . :l 00
I NJ ECTI ON MOLDED PLA STI C CASE w!cuslom trent & rear pane l,. hartlware
and 2 1rve pot rol ary 'WitCheS (replaces DI P 'Wl tc he,) ' .00
HORN SPEAK ER a watt. 8 Oh m Wit h mounting brac ket . . ........ . ... . &.25
SPECIAL OFFER
Buya Super MUSICMaker killor $24 95 and get FREE. a 2708 ROM pr..-programmed WIth 35
popular Iunes nus ctt er glY1lsyou oyer 60 songs to choose lrom!
A tNe electronICmuSic maker baNd on a mlcr oPf OCft tof chip. The Sup Musi c Mlker i, the
only klt thlt Illows eI'y add, llon 01pr.programtMd t unes by pl ugg ing in one memory chi p
(ROM) . OYer 20 dll ie reni ROM's WIth oYer 500 tunn Ire ..allable. U.. the kit lot. C. Hom.,
DOCM'belI, Doo r Announcef. etc II you haYtI an EPROM programmer our man ull teUs you how
to pr ogram your own t unes. Ki t ,ncl udft quality plat.-d and dfllled PC Board and all
co mpo nent s
THE PRESIDENT SAYS: "HOGWASH!!"
Ie .ILLII ILIC'I.C.
P.o. BOX 401244R GARLAND, TX. 75040
TI\4>SE-Ollsllca...
eo"l""' .11'.... bu.ld 1I
P<OQ'......... bIot SOund aUl'f;tl
ge<"l"" 01 DHog..-d .'ov"<i
1"- " ..... T..... Inll nHl'lM'lls
SN714n $<M.Ind Chi p. the
b<ul'd prOlo'Ot'$b;lnk. 01 MIN t
DIP Iw,le,," and pets to
prog. . ... Ih\' com
(he,II.,or.
veo. NQ4le. Ont' Shot. . nd
CO/'llr QlI A QUid Op
Amp Ie " Uled to
In Ad/Vlt.ble Pu l" Gin,.,
lOt le..toI ComP4"'IOt 1I1\d
MUII' ple _ 1(11' f"W."
mota Y...WI ".ly The 3 !I.
PC 80.1 .(1 IU l u , U ..
II'" 10 1I1lQooo tOt addl'Cl
ellC",,' ry Eas. ly p. oo r.... mf'(!
10 duplicate lIplo llon ' ,
Ph.tor Gun , . Sle.". Tra il'll . 0'
. 'mott lin ,",,",1. numM' of
other l ov n6l . TI'It' un" ".lIS II
mul l'p le 01 I p pll( ;l IoO"' The
low p"ce . 11 041'"
lSumbly mll nual . pt oo.,mm,ng Chari ' . and dela,led Ctl,p
It ru'" on I 9V b.allery 1" 01 ," Cludedl On board
l00 MW amp woll drlYI' a ,mall spl'lI ker d"I'Clly. O' Ihl' umt CI " be
CO"" tc l ed 10 YOU' sl ereo w,l h ,,,crp(j, bl e 'lefO'IS' rSoeal e. "01
rncluded j 76417 I. AYlIllable ..par atel y lor U . 15 el ch
3 OUTPUTS
12V @ SA (12A Int.)
5V @ l OA
-12V @ SA
INPUT 105 125VAC
UNIT IS COUPl..ETEL Y AS$Et.l8l EDl
FUNd pomary lind OC MalON
After tak ing one look at the TRIPUT POWER SUPPLY our engineer dec lared t hat t he :
uni ts were worth several hundred dollars each. He pointed out t he engi neeri ng. high quality lOW Ropp" <loam .
co nstr uc tio n and state- of-the-art intergr ated design in support of his pos ition. The President : =';:::11::::,':'on all llwN
of BEC more pragmati call y poi nted out the already full warehouse and the two trailer tr uck OUtputl
loads of powe r su pplies wait ing in the parking lot . and set to move them QUICKLYI :
62.50 ........
, SCMfn.hc:.lInd ........ te guode Nlc: lud.cl
Plus $5.00 Freight T,*mll Shutdown
21 Ibs . 6 X 5'U X 12 Stat.. l ED'. IJ j
ONE TIM E OFFERI LIMIT TWO (2) SUPPLI ES PER CUSTOMER .
... COD MI NIMUM uo.OO ... ADD $2.50 FOR COO'S
... UPS DELI VERY ADD RESS MUST ACCOtrIIPANY Al L COD
ORDERS
... $1.00 HAN DLI NG ON ORDERS UNDER $10.00
... VISA, MC CARDS OR CHEC K
... ADO . "" FOR SHIPPING
... TEXAS RESIDENTS ADD 5'lft STATE SALES TAX
* ALL FOREIGN ORDERS ADD 25"111 FOR SHIPPING
( CANADA 15"111) NO FOREIGN COD ' S
... CAlL (214) 27..3553 TO PlACE CREDIT CARD OR COD
ORDER
SMALL, SIN GLE HYBR ID rc AND COMPONENTS FIT ON A 2"
x 3" PC BO ARD (INC LU DED). RUNS ON 12VOC. GREAT FOR
ANY PROJ ECT TH AT NEEDS AN INEXPENSIVE AMP. LESS
THAN 3% THO @ 5 WATT S. COMPATIBLE WITH 5E-01
SOUND KIT.
Sound Effects Kit $18.50
7 Watt Auclio Amp Kit S6.9S
ALL MERCHANDISE IS 100'10 GUARANTEED
EPROMS STATIC RAMS
1702 ( Ins) 3. 0 0 2 10 1
&45onsl
1. 85
27 08
(
4 5 nsl 2. 99 2 1 L02 ( 25 n s LP 1. 55
271 6 15\145 0ns 3.95 2 11 1
r
50 ns 2 . 49
2716-1
5v 350nS\
8.50 2 11 4 450n. 1.95
2532 V 4 50 ns
8.95 2 11 4 L-3 (30 ns LP 2 .25
273 2 v 450ns 8.95 2 11 4 L 2 (2 0 0ns LPl 2 . 3 0
2764 5 v 4 50ns Call TMM2 0 16 (2 0 0 ns 9 .00
TMM2016 (150ns l 1 1. 00
DYN AMIC RAMS
HM6116 (2 00ns Call
HM6116 (150m) Call
HM6116 (1 20ns) Call
LP = Lo w Po we r
74LS SERIES
LSOO . 2 4
LS125 .95 LS243 1. 79
LS02 . 24
LS1311 .75 LS244 .95
LS04 . 24
LS139 . 75 LS 24 5 1.89
LS05 .24 LS15 t .75 LS 2 5 7 .8 0
LSOll .24
LS151 . 7 5 LS266
.4'
LSI0 .24
LS154 1.75 LS283 . 95
LSi4 .11 9
LS157 . 75 LS290 1.20
UPGRADE
LS20 . 24
LS161 . 9 5 LS293 1.79
LS27 .24 LS164
.
LS298 . 9 9
YOUR
LS30 . 24 LS166 1. 5 LS36 7 .6 9
APPLE LS32 ..3' LS1 75 .89 LS 36 8 . 6 9
LS4 2 .4 9 LS181. 1.99 LS3 73 . 9 9
or
LS74 .44 LS192 .8 9 LS374 1 .6 9
LSll5 . 95 LS193 .8 9 LS 3 77 1.40 TRS80
LS86 . 3 9 LS221 1.10 LS390 1.79
LS90 . 6 5 LS240 . 9 5 LS3 93 1. 7 9 4116200ns
LS109 . 3 9 LS241 . 9 5 LS 3 99 1.59
LS123 . 9 5 LS2 42 1.79
LS670 2.1 0
8/10.95
V-509 Delayed Sweep DC-50 VHz
Mini-Portable Dual Trace
V-209 DC-20 MHz
Mini-Portable Dual Trace
FEATURES: 3.5" Rectangular CRT. Sensitivity
1 mV/div. (10 MHz) Sweep Times to 10 ns/div.
Individual Sweep Time Controls (A, B). Full TV
Triggering (H. V) CH I Signal DVM Output
Single Sweep Variable Hold-ofT X - Y Display
Mode Three Way Power Supply Optional Battery
Pack Available
FEATURES: 3.5" Rectangular CRT High Sensi-
tivity (ImV/div. at 10 MHz) Fast Sweep Times
(50ns/div.) Accuracy 3'" (+ 10 to 35C) Z Axis
Input- X - Y Display Mode> Auto Focus- Three Way
Power Supply - Take Anywhere- Full TV Triggering
Human Engineered Front Panel Calibrator 0.5 V
l'"
Protect Your
Solid St ate Equipment
L Listed
1\106-3; 1\104-3 Shown
CALL TOLL FREE:
800-527-4893 (OUTSIDE TEXAS)
800-442-1048 (TEXAS)
214-343-1328 (DALLAS)
OLDEST HITACHI DISTRIBUTOR
SURGE
STOPPER
DMM'S
D-802 Multimeter
Shown
DALLAS, TEXAS 75238
SJB DISTRIBUTORS, INC.
10520 PLANO ROAD, SUITE 206
VIS4
FROM THE SOUTHWEST'S

.....------ .. IOr:u "'".. n ... "0.,., .....,nRuATln... ----I
36 channel
converter
$45
95
Sylvania ECG
Replacement
Semiconductors
and Components
Full line in stock.
The best quali ty
semiconductor.
VERY POPULAR
80 MFD X 450Volts... 99
100MFD X 450Volts...1.09
Qu antity Discou nt s vi sa e Master Cha rge
Add 5070 shipping- Mich. resident s ad d 40;'0 sales lax
Send $2 for complete catalog
of converters and unscramblers
C&D Electronics, Inc.
P.O. Box 21, Jenison, MI49428
(616) 669-2440
CONVERTERS
DESCRAMBLERS
Largest Selection
of Equipment Available
$ Buy Warehouse Direct & Save $
36 channel
wired remote
converter
only
$88
95
REMEMBER!
Sylvania
Tubes
70% + 10%
OFF
LIST
2 SC1172B
$1
99
KIT ONLY
5349 .00
KIT ONLY
5299 .00
Model A502 DC Stereo Control Center
Dir ect DC coupl ing fro m Input to Outp ut
DC servo circuitry
Cascade FET Inpu t In all stages
Separate Moving Coi l RIAA amplifier
Di st ort ion below 0.005% (3V)
Max Outpu t 15V
Frequ ency Response 20Hz-20KHz :':0.2 dB
Maxi mum Phono Inpu t
MC = 16mv RMS (1KHz)
MM = 270mv RMS (1KHz)
Bu i lt -i n Headphone amplifier
Relay Output Muti ng
$349.00
Model A501 Power Amp
Pure Class A 25W + 25W
Swi tc hable to Class AB 100W + 100W
Switchab le to Bridge Class A 100W mono
Switchab le to Br idge Class AB 300W mono
Frequency Response 5-200KHz (-ldB)
Signal -to-Noise Ratio 120dB
Non-magnetic Chassis
" Out-board" comprehensive protection
circuitry
DC circ uitry with limited use of NFB
High Eff iciency Fluid Convection Cooling
THO under 0.007%
(](ijJlI1UU[D(]lI1: The Source for Quality at Low Cost
SYLVANIA Triplers
ECG-500A ECG523 ECG526A
212-139 212-141 212141-02
212-139-01 212-141-01 212-141-03
212-139-02 212-141-04
$12
95
ea. $15
00
ea. $16
99
ea.
RG.59/U75 OHM Bare copper 0 F59 Connector
conductor wit h SeparateFerrule
Co-Axial Cable lot
C
B 'd d Braided bare \ Matchln9 Transformer
opper rat e copper shield 75.300Ohm
Shield MT1 59 ea. $44
00/100
WhiteorBlack - I
$44
50/1000
ft. Foampolyethylene - I 2 Way- 75OhmCoupler
dielectric MT2 $1,aea. $89
00
/100
FUJITECH AUDIO KITS
LATEST AUDIO TECHNOLOGY
FROM JAPAN
Brand New Micro Computer
Power Supply
regulation
C
+12V1A - 2.2 to 15V 0.5A
Fiberglass PCB
Over-voltaqe protection with IC monitor
110/220 V input
Factory assembled
Circuit diagram ava- 1010
(for a copy, send seil -addressed/stamped
envelope)
$49.00 each, freight prepaid
(Calif residents pis add $3 sales tax)
Send $5.00 for each assembly manual,
refundable with order.
Monarchy Engineering, Inc.
380 Swift Avenue, Unit 21
South San Francisco, CA 94080
Visa or Mastercharge acceptable.
(60/40 Rosin Core)
1 lb. - .062 dia.
(regular size)
$7
99
SOL1
REPLACEMENT RODS G.E.OM300
SOLDERWICK 10ASSORTEDCIRCUITBREAKERS
Solder Removal SW5 "& 10/$799 GoodAssortment "."''=''''-
II " Wide rrhick Type}5 feet CB10
en
\ a
Z
o
a:
I-
a
w
...J
W
6
o
a:
l!J(ijJaJuuml!JaJ
ELECTRONICS
770 Amsterdam Ave., New York, NY.10025
Also ask for Free 100 Page Catalog ....
Send Purchase Order, Check or Money Order
or Call Toll Free 800-223-0826
in NY STATE(212) 865-5580
All ORDERS SHIPPED UPs/CODF.O.B., N.Y.C.
MASTER CARD VISA II.
176
Int rodu ci ng our TA 2000 200 watt . P.P . Supe r M i rro r
Amphfier Kit .
By u si ng four sta ges of modern P.P. S uper Mirror Circ uit
THO lllld TI M ere kept und er 0.01 % at fat ed outp ut !
SP ECIFICATIO NS : 200W RMS into 4 or an
0 to 100,000 Hz (al l W) +Od B, - l dB
SIN better than l 00dB
Lenihan O.Ol 'Jt tot al Harmo nic Distort ion ,
Tren smitt er: FET mic for flat
30 Hz 18K Hz res pons e , X' ta l
con t rolled 49 MHz AM Band
for drift-free perfor mance. 100
MW out put( range approx.
V. mi lel fo r re liab le
long rengc t ra ns-
mis s ion. Powe red
by a 9V bat -
t ery (incl uded) .
- ....""'.._....;;;;::.
on 49 M Hz t ra ns mitt e r s igna l. On pan el VU met e r, mon o
ito rs th e signal st re ngt h from th e mi cr oph one. St andard
pho ne ja ck out let co nne ct ion to a P.A. or ot he r phone
inpu t . 9V batt ery included . Thi s pro fe ss iona l se t is ide al for
f ld hh.. ho d
FOR UHF CHANN EL 14-8 3
Tuning voltage + 1-+2 8V DC. Input impod anc e 7S n . IF
ba ndwidt h 7- 16 MHz. Noi se figur e 11 .5 dB Max. x
l Vi ' x W . Supply voltege 15V DC. Sound IF= S8 ,OMHz.
Mode l 115-B-403A, Video IF 62.5 MHz
Mode l 11 5-S 405 A. Video IF 45.0 MHz
$ 35.0 0 ca .
Tune r is th e mo st import ant part of th e ci rcuit . Don' t let
tho l e $19 ,00 tuners foo l you.
All unit s a re brand new from Sanyo. Wh en orde ring pleas e
spe crty mod el number.
1030 VDC Ijil 25 0 ma ad justable. fully re gul at e d. Kit
includ es ell e lec t ronic part s , filt er capacitors , IC' s, heat
sink s and PC Boa rd
$ 12.5 0 pe r k it
. .
MARK IV - 15 STEP
LEO POW ER LEVEL I NOI CATOR KIT
This new ste reo level mdrc etc r kit co ns ists of 36 4color
LED' s (15 per ch an nel) t o indicat e t he sound leve l output of
you r amplifier from -36d8 t o +3 dB. Co mes wltn a we ll
desi gned s ilk scr ee n pr int ed pt esuc panel and h.. s a se lector
swit ch t o allow ftoa t ing or grlldual output ind icati ng , Pow er
supplyis 6- 12VDC with THG on boa rd input se ns itiVity con-
trois . Tnis unit ca n wor k wit h any amphfier from l W to
20 0W l Kit incl ud e s 70 pcs drive r tr an si st ors . 38 pc s
mat ch ed a -eetc r LED' s , all ot he r elec t ronic co mpone nt s.
PC Beard and front pa nel.
MARK IV KIT
$31.50
NEW ARRIVALS
19" RACK MOUNT CABINETS
6WAY Al e ADAPTOR Black encdized front pan el withbl ack t ext ured ce se
Input 110VAC Out put 3V. 4 SV. sv, 75V & 12VOC WiDTH DEPTH HEI GHT PRI CE
Curt ent 300 mA 17 " 11YIN 3" 52550
OUR LOW PRI CE 17"' l 1W ' 5" $3150
$S50each 17'" l1 Y," r $3 960
FLUORESCENT AUOIO LEVEL MONITOR
SUPER FM WIRELESS MIC KIT - MARK III
This is t he kind of VU mon it o r t hat is being us ed by most
emplif ier manu fa cturer s . IC' s ar e us ed to simplify c irc uit
leyo ut . Ea sy to as se mble a nd can be us ed wit h all powe r
level amplifiers . Power requir emen t 12VDC.
TRANSFORMER $9,50 eu
POWE R S UPPLY KIT $ 10 . 50 Ca.
ELECTRONIC SWITCH KIT
CONDENS ER TYPE. Touch On - Touc h Off. USCI S 7473 IC
and 12V rel ay $5.50
FLUORESCENT LI GHT DRIVE R KIT
12V DC Power ed ... li ght s up 8 -15 Watt Fluoroscllntlight
Tube s . Idea l fo r camp er. out doo r. auto or bo at . Kit inclu des
high volta ge co il, power tr ansisto r. heat s ink. all ot her elec-
tron ic parts and PC Board . li ght t ube not inc luded.
$ 6. 5 0 Per Kit
POW ER SUP PLY KIT
03 0VDC REGULATED. Us es UA723 and 2N3055 pow er
tr en st ste r. Output can be adjus te d from 0-30V @ 2A, Com-
plet e wit h PC Board and a ll elec t ronic part s .
..................................
ELECTRONIC OUAL SPEAKER PROTECTOR
TE221 KIT
" Fo r Just $ 2 8. 5 0
(Limrted Stoe k )
This new de sigrle d circuit uses high FREQ FET tran silt ors
with 2 sta ge preamp . Tran smit s FM range (U-1 2OMHzj up
10 2 bloc ks away and with the ultra H ns lUve cond enser
microph oM that comes wi th the kit allows you to pick up
any soy nd within 15 11. awa y. Kit inc ludes all e4c<: tronic part s.
OSC coils and PC Board . Power supply 9VDC.
FMC-lOS
$11.50 Pe r Kit
, ... -
-- - ' - _.
.. - -
- .
.. .-
PROFESSIONAL REGULATEO
VARIBLE DC POW ER SUPPLY KIT
MODel TR8 8B
0 -30V DC GI l A
MODel TR8 8 A
0 -1SVDC 6'1 2 A
All s olid sta te cir cu it ry w it h high eff icie ncy power t re ns is-
tor 2$ 0388 end IC vo lt ege regulat or MC17 33 . Outp ut
vo ltage ca n be edjuste d from 0 30 V at l A c urre nt limit ed
or O l SV at 2A cu rrent limit e d. Int ernal resist ance is le ss
th an o.oo s n , ripple and noi s e le ss th en lmV. dua l on
pa nel met er s for vo lt eg e i1nd emp rea di ng, al so wit h on
bo ar d LED end a udible over lo ad indi cat or. Kit come s wit h
predr illed PC Board , inst ruct ions . ell ne ces s ar y e lec-
t ron ic co mpo ne nt s, t ren sfe rrner and a pr ofe ssi onal look -
ing met al ca binet . The best project for s choo l and th e mo st
us ef ul instrument for rep airm en . Build o ne to d ay !
Ma de by on e of th e Ic adingJ ap anes e manufactur e rs . Thi s
factory ass e mbled FM wire less microphon e is powere d by
two AA s ize bat t eri e s . It tr a nsmits in th e range of88 108
MH z. Eleme nt is bui lt in II plas ti c t ub e ty pe case with an
o m ni -direc t io na l e lect ro nic co ndenso r mlc rcphone unit.
By using lJ st a nda rd FM rad io. s igna l c an be heard a ny-
w he re on a one-ac re lot . Sound quali ty was judged "vert
g o od." MODEl WEM-36. ON SALE
WAS $1 6 .50 $ 12. 5 0 each
.>: .. .....
' ', .. _... .. . : 11< :
.1 '!1 . ... CJEm; '" 'l1)-s :
I , ;
PROFESSIONAL FM WIRELESS
MICROPHONE
HYBRIO AU OIO POWER AMPLIFIER IC' s
From 7 WATT S to 100 WATTS
Typ ical rat ings : Ope ratin g cas e t emp. 8 5e-C. T. H.0 .= 0.5%f
=20Hz20 KHz. Input resi st ance Po= O. l W3 0Kn. Powe r
band widt h 20 Hz2 0 KHz. Freq. res pons o 10 -1OOKHz. Out-
put resi st an ce an. With built in prot ection c ircuit . All
unit s come w it h dat a s he et.
Part No. Out put
Unit Price
STK040 10 W+l0W 16V $14.50
STK04 1 15W+ 15 W 2 0 V $18.50
5TK05 0 SOW 3 5V $26.50
STK054 23W 19 V $13.50
STK05 6 30W 22 V $18.50
STK0 70 70 W 42 V $32.50
STK415 7W+ 7W 30V $ 8.50
STK43 9 15W+1 5W 39V $18.50
STK46 5 30W+30W 2 8 V $25.50
STK0 10 5 lOOW 50V $36.50
SANYO ANTENNA SIGNAL BOOSTER
Thi s Bcc st er is s pe ci ally desi gned for UHF Chann els (14-
831. Aftef insta lling (between th e ant enna inpu t cable and
t he UHF tun er ), thi s uni t will provide a mi ni mum of 10d B
ga in, th at is ap proximately 2 times better th a n you arc see-
ing now. Idea l forthaso w ho live in apa rt me nts t hat ca n not
put up an ou t doo r ant enna. Small in size, on ly 2" x 1'h" x t".
S upply voltag e is 15 VDC. Bac k In St ock .

MODEl OOH)07 6
$ 12.5 0 ea.

WHISTLE ACTIVATED S W ITC H BOA RD
A ll beards are a nd t es t ed . Your whlsne t e it s
FET cond enser microp hon e from a dist an ce , as far as 3 0
fe et away (sensitivity ca n be easily adjust ed) . will turn th e
swit ch on nnd if you w hist le .lIgliin. it will turn off. Idenl for
re mot e cont ro l toy s, ele ct rlcal applience s uc h as light s, cof-
f e e pot s. TV. HiFi , radi o or ot he r Unit works on
9V DC.
MODE L 96 8 $4.50 ca.
FOR COM M ERCIAL FREE TV BOX BUILOERS
MC 135 8 $3,00 ea . LM380 $2 .00 ca .
MC 1350 $2.25 ea. LM78 15 1.20 ca.
MC 133 0 53 .00 ea LM781 8 1.20 ea .
MC 14 96 $2.50 ea. 10 K l OT PC Mount 3.00 lID.
LM1 458 51.00 ea. 10K 1T PC Mount 1. 75 ee.
l M1 889 $3.7 5 ea Tor roid Co ils (s et of 4 ) 3.00 ea.
NE5 65 $2,19 ea 5-35pF (Trimmer Cap ) ,8 5 ell
NE564 $3.45 ea Pow erX-former 18V Gil BA 3.5 0 ea.
A GOOD BUY
at $ 6 5 .0 0
TA BOO
Gett ing pow e r hun gry fro m your sma ll em p? Have t o wat c h
you r bud get? Her e' s a goo d so lut ion! The TA-8 00 is II pur e
DC amp lifier w ith a buil t in pre -amp. All co upling c apaci-
t ors ere eliminat ed t o give you a t rue rep rodu ct ion of th e
mu si c . On board to ne and volume cont rols co mbine d w it h
bui lt in power s up ply make th e TA 8oo th e most co mp act
st e reo a mp ava ila ble. Sp eci fic ati on s : 60W x 2 int o 8n.
Freq. range : OHz- l OOKHz 3 dB. THO .0 1% or bett e r. SIN
reno: 80 d B. Sens it ivity: 3m V int o 47K . Power Require -
ment: 24-40 Volt s .
*SPECIAL*
EXCelLE NT PRICE!
MODEl 00 1-0034
$29.5 0 Per Kit
Tran sf or mer
810. 50 ea
TA3 23 60 WATTS TOTAL
30W + 30W STEREO AMP KIT
Tnis il a s olid sta te all t ra ns isto r cir cuit ry wit h o n bo ard
ste re o pre-a mp fo r mo st mlcr c phen e or phon e input. Po wer
out put employs 2 pai rs mat chin g Darlingt on Trans is tor s
driven by th e pop ular2 N3053 Drive rTran sist ors . Fou r bu ilt
on boa rd co ntr ols for , volume . balanc e, t reble and ba ss .
Power s upply requir es 48VC T 2.5A tr a nsfo rmer. TH0 of
la s s th a n 0.1% betwe en 100 Hz-10 Khz at ful l power. (3 0
Wett s + 30 Watt s loaded int o 8 n ).
1 WATT AUDI O AMP
All pa rt s are pre-assembled on a mi ni PC Boar d. Supply
Volt ege 6-9VDC S P EC IAL P RIC E $ 1 .9 5
Thi s Audio Freq uen cy S pect ru m Analys e r . ne lyses audio
signals in 10 o ct aves ove r II dynami c ra ng e of 30 dB. The
t ec h niq ue aucws th e so und ccterene n intr odu c ed by
unw ant e d room and s pe aker r eaon en c es t o be su bst en-
t iallyeliminat ed
Th e TA 2900 pr ovi des a visua l pr es entat ion ofthe ch a ng-
ing s pe ct rum t hr u 10 0 red LED d isp lays . s o you can act-
ually see proof of t he equa lize d sound you'v e a chieved.
The TA-2900 kit come s with all t he e lect ro nic compc-
nen t e, IC' s. pr edritled PC boa rd. th e inst ruct ions and a 19"
Rack Mo unt ty pe met al ca bin et wit h pro fe ssi on al silk-
sc re en print ed front pa nel.
Input Se ns itiv ity Ta pe Mo nito r/1 0 mV - 18mV 50K n.
Speaker Ter min al/ 0 .2W - l 00 W a n
Dis pl ay Level Re nge (e ll o cta ves)2dB pe r st ep / - 14dB
t o - 4d B,
Del ay Time (1 KHz) Fest/1 8 dB/ s Slow /6 d B/ s
Power Input 11 7 V or 220V AC 50 /60 Hz.
Power Co nsu mption 36W
Dimen si on s 482(W) x 102 (Hl x 250i D) mm .
$99. 50 per kit
" . ;;- , "
:- -: : -:
" - ----- .
TA-l 000 KIT
$51.95

Incorpo rat es bra nd -new DC d esi gn t ha t g ives a frequ e ncy

resp on se fro m 0 -100Khz 0. 5 dB. Added featur es like
to ne defeet a nd loudness cont rol let you t ailor your ow n
frequ en cy s upplie s to elimina t e pow e r fl uctu at ion !
Spec ifications : THO/TIM les s th an .00 5% . Frequ en cy
res ponse DC t o 100 KHz 0. 5 dB A1M dev iat ion 0.2dB
SIN ratio bett or t han 70 dS Sen sitiv ity Phono 2 mV
47K/Aux 100mV lOOK. Output le\lol 1.3V Ma x output
15 V Tone co nt ro ls Bass 10 dB @ 50 Hz!Treble 1 0d B
@ 15H z . Powe r s upply 2 4VDC @O.SA. Kit co mes wit h
regul at ed power s upply. a ll yo u ne ed is a 48VCT t r ansfer -
mer @ 0.5A. On ly $44. 5 0
X' fo rmer
$4 .50 oe .
" FISHER" 30 WATT STEREO AMP
MAIN AMP (15W " 2). Kit inclu d. s 2 pes . Fish er PA 301
Hybnd IC. all elec tronic part s with PC Bo. rd. Power supply
;t 16VDC (not included) . Power ba nd with KF
Voltage ga in 33dB. 20Hz-20 KHz.
S uper Bu y
On ly $18. 50
ULTRASO Ni C SWITCH KIT
Kit inc lude s t he Ultra Sonic Tra nsd ucer s, 2 PC Boa rds for
tr ans mitte r and rec eiver, all elec t ronic part s and instr uc
tic ns . Ea sy t o build and a lot of uses s uc h III re mot e cont rol
for TV, garag e door. alarm system or co unter. Unit ope rate s
by 9- 12VDC.
SOLAR CELLS
6W AUOIO AMP KIT
TBA810 wit h Volume Con tr ol. Power 5 upp ly 6 -18 VDC
DISC Z-80
2101 256 x 4 (450n5) 1.95
CONTROLLERS 2.5 Mhz
8035 7.25 68000 99.95
5101 256 x 4 (450n5) (cmos) 3.95 1771 20.95 Z80CPU 3.95
8039 7.95 6800 4.95
21021 1024 x 1 (450n5) .89
1791 29.95
Z80CTC 6.95
INS8060 17.95 6802 10.95
2102L4 1024 x 1 (450n5) (LP) 1.29
1793 38.95
Z80DART 15 .25
INS8073 29.95 6808 13.90
2102L2 1024 x 1 (250n5) (LP) 1.69
1795 54 .95
Z80DMA 17.50
8080 3.95 6809E 19.95
2111 256 x 4 (450n5) 2.99
1797 54.95
8085 7.95 6809 12.95
6843 34.95 Z80 PIO 5.75
2112 256 x 4 (450n5) 2.99
8272 39.95 Z80SIO/0 18.50
8085A2 11.95 6810 2.95
2114 1024 x 4 (450n5) 8/14 .95
UPD765 39.95 Z80SIO/l 18.50
8086 29.95 6820 4.95
2114L4 1024 x 4 (450n5) (LP) 8/15.25
1691 18.95
Z80 SIO/2 18.50
8087 CALL 6821 4.95
2114L3 1024 x 4 (300n5) (LP) 8/15 .45
2143 18.9f 8088 39 .95 6828 14.95
2114L2 1024 x 4 (200n5) (LP) 8/15.95
Z80SIO/9 16.95
INTERFACE
8089 89.95 6840 12.95
2147 4096 x 1 (55n5) 9.95
4.0 Mhz
8155 7.95 6843 34.95
TMS40444 4096 x 1 (450n5) 3.49
8T26 1.69
TMS40443 4096 x 1 (300n5) 3.99
8T28 2.49
Z80ACPU 6.00
8156 8.95 6844 25.95
8T95 .99 8185 29.95 6845 14.95
TMS40442 4096 x 1 (200n5) 4.49
8T96 .99
Z80ACTC 8.65
81852 39 .95 6847 12.25
MK4118 1024 x 8 (250n5) 9.95
8T97 .99 Z80ADART 18.75
TMM2016200 2048 x 8 (200n5) 5.95
8T98 .99 27.50
8741 39.95 6850 3.45
Z80ADMA
TMM2016150 2048.8 (150n5) 6.95
DM8131 2.95 Z80APIO 6.00
8748 29.95 6852 5.75
TMM2016100 2048'.8 (lOOns) 7.95 DP8304 2.29
Z80ASIO/0 22.50
8755 32.00 6860 10.95
HM61164 2048 x 8 (200n5) (cmos) 6.95 DS8835 1.99
Z80ASIO/l 22.50
6862 11.95
HM61163 2048 8 (150ns) (cmos) 7.10 DS8836 .99 6875 6.95
HM61162 2048.8 (120n5) (cmos) 9.95 MISC.
Z80ASIO/2 22.50
6880 2.95
HM6116Lp4 2048 8 (200n5) (emos)(LP) 8.75
7.95
Z80ASIO/9 19.95
6883 24.95
HM6116Lp3 2048.8 (150n5) (em05)(LP) 8.95 4.95
68047 24.95
HM6116Lp2 2048 8 (120n5) (em05)(LP) 12.95 4.95
8202 29.95 68488 19.95
Z6132 4096 x 8 (300n5) (05Ial) 34.95 9.00
8203 39.95 6800 ~ lMHZ
Qslal : Ouasi-Static
.13. 95
8205 3.50
LP : low Power
7.95 68600 10.95
8212 1.85
2513001 UP 9.95
8214 3.85
68602 22.25
2513002 LOW 9.95
DYNAMIC RAMS
8216 1.80
68609E 29.95
SOUND CHIPS
8224 2.50
68609 29.95
TMS4027 4096 x 1 (250n5)
76477 3.95
8226 1.80 68610 . 7.95
MK4108 8192.1 (200n5)
76489 8.95
8228 4.90 68621. 12.95
AY38910 12.95
MM5298 8192.1 (250n5)
MC3340 1.49
8237 19.95 68645 35.95
4116300 16384.1 (300n5) 8238 4.95 68650 12.95
4116250 16384.1 (250n5)
CRT 8243 4.45 68600 2 MHZ
4116200 16384 x 1 (200n5) CONTROLLERS
32.768 khz 1.95
8250 14.95
4116150 16384 1 (150n5) 6845 14.95
1.0 mhz 4.95
8251 4.75
4116120 16384.1 (120n5) 68645 35 .95
1.8432 4.95
8253 9.25
2118 16384 1 (150n5) (5v) HD46505SP 15.95
2.0 3.95
82535 9.85
MK4816 2048.8 (300n5) (5v)
6847 12.25 8255 4.75
4164200 65536.1 (200n5) (5v)
68047 24.95
2.097152 3.95
82555 5.25
4164150 65536.1 (150n5) (5v)
8275 29.95 2.4576 3.95
8257 8.50
7220 99.95 3.2768 3.95
82575 8.95
5V ~ single 5 voll supply CRT5027 39 .95
3.579535 3.95 8259 6.90
CRT5037 49.95
4.0 3.95 82595 7.50
TMS9918A 39.95
BIT-RATE
5.0 3.95 8271 39 .95
EPROMS
5.0688 3.95 8272 39.95
GENERATORS
5.185 3.95
8275 29.95
1702 256.8 (lU5) MC14411 11.95
5.7143 3.95
8279 9.50
2708 1024 8 (450n5) 6R1941 11.95
6.0 3.95
82795 10.00
2758 1024 .8 (450n5) (5v)
4702 12.95
8282 6.65
2716 2048 8 (450n5) (5v)
COM5016 16.95
6.144 3.95
8283 6.65
27161 2048 8 (350n5) (5v)
COM8116 10.95 6.5536 3.95
8284 5.70
TMS2716 2048 .8 (450n5)
MM5307 10.95 8.0 3.95
8286 6.65
TMS2532 4096 .8 (450n5) (5v) UARTS
10.0 3.95
8287 6.50
2732 4096 8 (450ns) (5v) AY31014
14.31818 3.95
8288 25.00
2732250 4096 8 (250n5) (5v) AY51013 15.0 3.95
8289 49.95
2732200 4096 8 (200n5) (5v) PT1472 16.0 3.95
2764 8192 x 8 (450n5) (5v)
TR1602
18.0 3.95
2764250 8192 8 (250n5) (5v)
2350
18.432 3.95
2764200 8192.8 (200n5) (5v)
2651
20.0 3.95
TMS6011
TMS2564 8192.8 (450n5) (5v)
IM6402
22.11e4 3.95
MC68764 8192.8 (450n5) (5v)(24 pin)
IM6403 32.0 3.95
5v ~ Single 5 Volt Supply INS8250 14.95
KEYBOARD
CHIPS
DATA
EPROM ERASERS
AY52376 11.95 ACQUISITION
AY53600 11.95 ADC0800 15 .55
74C922 5.25
ADC0804 4.95
Timer 74C923 5.50
ADC0809 5.25
CLOCK ADC0817 10.95
CIRCUITS
DAC0800 4.95
MM5314 4.95
DAC0806 2.25
MM5369 3.95
DAC0808 4.95
MM5375 4.95
DAC1020 8.25
MM58167 8.95 DAC1022 8.25
MM58174 11.95 MC1408L6 2.25
MSM5832 6.95 MC1408L8 4.95
74LSOO
IC SOCKETS
CMOS
74LSOO .25 74L586 .40 74LS169 1.75 74L5323 2.75 4000 .35 4528 1.25
74LSOl .25 74L590 .65 74LS170 1.75 74L5324 1.75
1-99 100
7400 .19 74132 .45 4001 .35 4531 .95
74LS02 .25 74L591 .89 74LS173 .80 74L5352 1.55
8 pin ST .13 .11
7401 .19 74136 .50 4002 .25 4532 1.95
74LS03 .25 74L592 .70 74LS174 .95 74LS353 1.55
14 pin ST .15 .12
7402 .19 74141 .65 4006 .95 4538 1.95
74LS04 .25 74L593 .65 74LS175 .95 74LS363 1.35
16 pin 5T .17 .13
7403 .19 74142 2.95 4007 .29 4539 1.95
74LS05 .25 74L595 .85 74LS181 2.15 74L5364 1.95
18 pin 5T .20 .18
7404 .19 74143 2.95 4008 .95 4543 2.70
74LS08 .35 74L596 .95 74LS189 9.95 74L5365 .95
20 pin ST .29 .27
7405 .25 74145 .60 4009 .45 4555
22 pin ST .30 .27
.95
74LS09 .35 74L5107 .40 74LS190 1.00 74L5366 .95
24 pin ST .30 .27
7406 .29 74147 1.75 4010 .45 4556 .95
74LS10 .25 74L5109 .40 74LS191 1.00 74L5367 .70
28 pin 5T .40 .32
7407 .29 74148 1.20 4011 .35 4561 1.95
74LSll .35 74L5112 .45 74LS192 .85 74LS368 .70
40 pin 5T .49 .39 7408 .24 74150 1.35 4012 .25 4562 1.95
74LS12 .35 74L5113 .45 74LS193 .95 74LS373 1.75 5T ' 50LDERTAIL 7409 .19 74151 .65 4013 .45 4584 .95
74LS13 .45 74L5114 .50 74LS194 1.00 74LS374 1.75 8 pin WW . 5 ~ .49 7410 .19 74152 .65 4014 .95 4585 .95
74L514 1.00 74L5122 .45 74LS195 .95 74LS377 1.45 14 pin WW .69 .52 7411 .25 74153 .55 4015 .95 4702 12.95
74L515 .35 74L5123 .95 74LS196 .85 74L5378 1.18 16 pin WW .69 .58
7412 .30 74154 1.40 4016 .45 74COO .35
74LS20 .25 74L5124 2.99 74L5197 .85 74L5379 1.35
18 pin WW .99 .90
7413 .35 74155 .75 4017 1.15 74C02 .35
74LS21 .35 74L5125 .95 74LS221 1.20 74LS385 1.90
20 pin WW 1.09 .98
7414 .55 74156 .65 4018 .95 74C04 .35
74L522 .25 74L5126 .85 74L5240 1.29 74L5386 .65
22 pin WW 1.39 1.28
7416 .25 74157 .55 4019 .45 74C08 .35
74L526 .35 74L5132 .75 74LS241 1.29 74LS390 1.90
24 pin WW 1.49 1.35
7417 .25 74159 1.65 4020 .95 74Cl0 .35
.35 74L5133 .89 74LS242 1.85 74LS393 1.90
28 pin WW 1.69 1.49
7420 .19 74160 .85 4021 .95 74C14 74L527
40 pin WW 1.99 1.80
1.50
74L528 .35 74L5136 .55 74LS243 1.85 74LS395 1.65
WW ' WIREWRAP
7421 .35 74161 .70 4022 1.15 74C20 .35
74L530 .25 74L5137 .99 74LS244 1.29 74L5399 1.70
16 pin ZIF 6.75 call
7422 .29 74162 .85 4023 .35 74C30 .35
74LS32 .35 74L5138 .75 74LS245 1.90 74L5424 2.95 24 pin ZIF 9.95 call 7423 .29 74163 .85 4024 .75 74C32 .50
74LS33 .55 74L5139 .75 74LS247 .75 74LS447 .37 ZiF " TEXTOOL 7425 .29 74164 .85 4025 .35 74C42 1.75
74LS37 .55 74L5145 1.20 74LS248 1.25 74LS490 1.95 (Zero Insertion Force) 7426 .29 74165 .85 4026 1.65 74C48 1.20
74LS38 .35 74L5147 2.49 74LS249 .99 74LS624 3.99 7427 .29 74166 1.00 4027 .65 74C73 .65
74LS40 .35 74L5148 1.35 74LS251 1.30 74LS668 1.69 7428 .45 74167 2.95 4028 .80 74C74 .85
74LS42 .55 74L5151 .75 74LS253 .85 74LS669 1.89
CONNECTORS
7430 .19 74170 1.65 4029 .95 74C76 .80
74LS47 .75 74L5153 .75 74LS257 .85 74L5670 2.20
R5232 MALE 3.25
7432 .29 74172 5.95 4030 .45 74C83 1.95
74LS48 .75 74L5154 2.35 74LS258 .85 74L5674 9.65
R5232 FEMALE 3.75
7433 .45 74173 .75 4034 2.95 74C85 1.95
74LS49 .75 74L5155 1.15 74LS259 2.85 74LS682 3.20
RS232 FEMALE
7437 .29 74174 .89 4035 .85 74C86 .95
74LS51 .25 74L5156 .95 74LS260 .65 74LS683 3.20 RIGHT ANGLE 7438 .29 74175 .89 4040 .95 74C89 4.50
74L554 .35 74L5157 .75 74L5266 .55 74L5684 3.20 RS232 HOOD 7440 .19 74176 .89 4041 1.25 74C90 1.75
74L555 .35 74L5158 .75 74LS273 1.65 74L5685 3.20 5-100 ST 7442 .49 74177 .75 4042 .75 74C93 1.75
74LS63 1.25 74 L5160 .90 74LS275 3.35 74L5688 2.40 5-100 WW 7443 .65 74178 1.15 4043 .85 74C95 1.75
74LS73 .40 74L5161 .95 74LS279 .55 74LS689 3.20 7444 .69 74179 1.75 4044 .85 74Cl07 1.00
74LS74 .45 74L5162 .95 74LS280 1.98 74LS783 24 .95 7445 .69 74180 .75 4046 .95 74C150 5.75
74LS75 .50 74L5163 .95 74LS283 1.00 81L595 1.69
DIP SWITCHES
7446 .59 74181 2.25 4047 .95 74C151 2.25
74L576 .40 74L5164 .95 74LS290 1.25 81LS96 1.69
4 POSITION .85
7447 .69 74182 .75 4049 .55 74Cl54 3.25
74L578 .50 74L5165 .95 74LS293 1.85 81LS97 1.69
5 POSITION .90
7448 .69 74184 2.00 4050 .55 74C157 1.75
74LS83 .75 74L5166 2.40 74L5295 1.05 81LS98 1.69
6 POSITION .90
7450 .19 74185 2.00 4051 .95 74Cl60 2.00
74LS85 1.15 74L5168 1.75 74L5298 1.20 25L52521 2.80 7 POSITION .95 7451 .23 74186 18 .50 4053 .95 74C161 2.00
25L52569 4.25 8 POSiTION .95 7453 .23 74190 1.15 4060 1.45 74C162 2.00
7454 .23 74191 1.15 4066 .75 74C163 2.00
7460 .23 74192 .79 4068 .40 74C164 2.00
7470 .35 74193 .79 4069 .35 74C165 2.00
Prices Slashed!
7472 .29 74194 .85 4070 .35 74C173 2.00
7473 .34 74195 .85 4071 .30 74C174 2.25
74S00
7474 .35 74196 .79 4072 .30 74C175 2.25
7475 .49 74197 .75 4073 .30 74C192 2.25
74S00 .32 745163 1.95
7476 .35 74198 1.35 4075 .30 74C193 2.25
74S02 .35 745168 3.95
7480 .59 74199 1.35 4076 .95 74C195 2.25
7481 1.10 74221 1.35 4078 .30 74C200 5.75
74S03 .35 745169 3.95
7482 .95 74246 1.35 4081 .30 74C221 2.25
74504 .35 745174 1.09
7483 .50 74247 1.25 4082 .30 74C:373 2.75
74S05 .35 745175 1.09
7485 .65 74248 1.85 4085 .95 74C374 2.75
74S08 .35 745181 3.95 7486 .35 74249 1.95 4086 .95 74C901 .80
74509 .40 745182 2.95 7489 4.95 74251 .75 4093 .95 74C902 .85
74510 .35 745188 1.95 7490 .35 74259 2.25 4098 2.49 74C903 .85
74511 .35 745189 6.95 7491 .40 74265 1.35 . 4099 1.95 74C905 10.95
74515 .35 745194 1.49
7492 .50 74273 1.95 14409 12.95 74C906 .95
74520 .35 74S195 1.49
7493 .49 74276 1.25 14410 12.95 74C907 1.00
74S22 .35 745196 1.49
7494 .65 74279 .75 14411 11.95 74C908 2.00
74S30 .35 745197 1.49
7495 .55 74283 2.00 14412 12.95 74C909 2.75
74532 .40 74S201 6.95
7496 .70 74284 3.75 14419 4.95 74C910 9.95
74537 .88 74S225 7.95
7497 2.75 74285 3.75 4502 .95 74C911 10.00
74100 1.75 74290 .95 4503 .65 74C912 10.00
74S38 .85 74S240 2.20
74107 .30 74293 .75 4508 1.95 74C914 1.95
74S40 .35 745241 2.2 0
74109 .45 74298 .85 4510 .95 74C915 2.00
74551 .35 74S244 2.20
74110 .45 74351 2.25 4511 .95 74C918 2.75
74564 .40 74S251 .95 74111 .55 74365 .65 4512 .95 74C920 17.95
74565 .40 745253 .95 74116 1.55 74366 .65 4514 1.25 74C921 15.95
74574 .50 745257 :95 74120 1.20 74367 .65 4515 2.25 74C922 5.59
74S85 1.99 745258 .95 74121 .29 74368 .65 4516 1.55 74C923 5.95
74S86 .50 745260 .79
74122 .45 74376 2.20 4518 1.25 74C925 6.75
745112 .50 745274 19.95
74123 .55 74390 1.75 4519 1.25 74C926 7.95
745113 .50 745275 19 .95
74125 .45 74393 1.35 4520 1.25 74C927 7.95
74S114 .55 745280 2.25
74126 .45 74425 3.15 4522 1.25 74C928 7.95
145124 2.75 745287 1.90
74128 .55 74426 .85 4526 1.25 74C929 19.95
74S132 1.24 745288 1.90
74490 2.55 4527 1.95 74C930 19.95
745133 .45 745289 6.89
74S134 . 50 745301 6.95
745135 .89 745373 2.45
TRANSISTORS DIODES
745138 .95 745374 2.45
745139 .95 745381 7.95 PN2222 NPN SWITCH TO-92 10/1 .00 100 /8 .99
745140 .55 745387 1.95 PN2907 PNP SWITCH TO-92 10/1 .25 100 /10 .99
74S151 . 95 745412 2.98
2N2222 NPN SWITCH TO-18 .25 50/10 .99
74S153 .95 745471 5.45
2N2907 PNP SWITCH TO-18 .25 50/10 .99
74S157 .95 745472 5.45
2N3055 NPN POWER TO-3 .79 10/6 .99
74S158 .95 745474 7.95
3055T NPN POWER T O-220 .69 10/5 .99
2N3904 NPN SWITCH TO-92 10/1.00 100 /8 .99
745161 1.95 745482 15.25
2N3906 NPN SWITCH TO -92 10/1 .00 100/8.99
745162 1.95 745570 4.25
IN4148 (IN914) SWITCHING 25/1.00 1000 /35 .,00
745571 4.25
IN4004 RECTIFIER 10/1 .00 100/8.99
VOLTAGE
LM301 .34 LM350K 5.60 NE570 4.75 LM1800 2.99
CA 3010 .99 CA 30 81
REGULATORS LM301H .79 LM350T 4.60 NE571 3.95 LM1812 8.25
CA 3013 2.00 CA 3082'
LM307 .45 LM358 .98 NE592 2.75 LM1815 5.20
CA 3023 2.75 CA 3083
.89 790 5T
LM308 .98 LM359 1.79 LM703 .89 LM1818 2.90
CA 3035 2.49 CA 3086
.89 7908T
CA 3039 1.29 CA 3089
LM308H 1.15 LM376 3.75 LM709 .59 LM1820 3.50
CA 3046 1.25 CA 3096
.89 7912T
LM309H 1.95 LM377 2.29 LM710 .75 LM1830 3.50
CA 3053 1.45 CA 3130
.89 7915T
LM309K 1.49 LM378 2.50 LM711 .79 LM1871 5.49
CA 3059 2.90 CA 31 40 .89 7924T
LM310 1.75 LM37 9 4.50 LM723 .49 LM1872 5.49
CA 3060 2.9 0 CA 31 46
1.39 7905K
LM311 .64 LM3 80 1.29 LM723H .55 LM1877 3.25 CA 3065 1.75 CA 3160
LM311H .89 LM3 80N-8 1.10 LM733 .98 LM1889 2.4 9 CA 30 80 1.10 CA 340 1
1.39 7912K
LM31 2H 1.75 LM3 81 1.60 LM741N-8 .35 LM1896 1.75 CA 3600
1.39 7915K
LM317K 3.95 LM382 1.60 LM741N-14 .35 LM2877 2.05
1.39 7924K
LM317T 1.95 LM383 1.95 LM741H .40 LM2878 2.25
TI
.69 79L05
LM318 1.49 LM384 1.95 LM747 .79 LM2900 .85 .69 79L12
LM318H 1.59 LM386 1.50 LM748 .59 LM2901 1.00
TL494 4.20 75365
.69 79L15
LM319H 1.25 LM387 1.40 LM1014 2.75 LM3900 .59
TL496 1.65 75450
9.95 LM323K
LM319 1.25 LM389 1.35 LM1303 1.95 LM3905 1.25 TL497 3.2 5 75 451
9.95 UA78S40
LM320 (see 7900) LM390 1.95 LM1304 1.19 LM3909 .98 75107 1.49 75452
LM322 1.65 LM392 .69 LM1305 1.49 LM391 1 2. 25 75110 1.95 75453 T =TO-220 K =TO-3
LM323K 4.95 LM394H 4.60 LM1307 .85 LM3914 3.95 75150 1.95 75454 L =TO-92
LM324 .59 LM399H 5.00 LM1310 2.90 LM3915 3.95
75154 1.95 .75491
LM3 29 .69 NE531 3.75 MC1330 1.89 LM3916 3.95
75188 1.25 75492
LM331 3.95 NE5 36 6.00 MC1349 1.89 MC4024 3.95
75189 1.25 75493
LM33 4 1.30 NE555 .39 MC1350 1.29 MC4044 4.50
75494
LM3 35 1.40 NE556 .69 MC1358 1.79 RC41 36 1.25
LM336 1.75 NE558 1.50 LM1414 1.59 RC4151 3.95
BI FET LM3 37K 3.95 NE56 1 19.95 LM1458 .69 LM4250 1.75
LM337T 2.95 NE56 2 6.00 LM148 8 .99 LM4500 3.25 TL071 .79
LM338 K 6.95 NE56 4 3.95 LM1489 .99 LM13080 1.29 TL072 1.19
LM339 .99 LM565 .99 LM1496 .85 LM13600 1.49 TL074 2.19
LM340 (see 7800 ) LM566 1.49 LM1558H 3.10 LM13700 1.49
TL081 .79
LM3 48 1.20 LM567 1.29
TL082 1.19
TL083 1.19
RESISTORS
'I. WAn 5% CARBON FILM ALL
STANDARD VALUES
FROM 1 OHM TO 10 MEG OHM
50 PCS. SAME VALUE
100 PCS. SAME VALUE
1000 PCS. SAME VALUE
"JDR SUPER SPECIALS"
MEMORY CLEARANCE
MICROCOMPUTER
H A R D W A R E HANDBOOK
FROM ELCOMP - $14.95
Over 800 pages of manufact urers data sheets
on most commonly used IC's.
Includes :
* TTL - 74/74LS and 74F
* CMOS
* Voltage Regulators
* Memory - RAM, ROM, EPROM
* CPU's - 6800, 6500, Z80, 8080, 8085, 8086/8
* MPU support & interfa ce - 6800, 6500. Z80,
8200, etc.
HIGH RELIABILITY
DUAL SIDE WIPE STYLE
STATIC
TMM2016-200NS $5
95
EA.
2102L-450NS 100/$75
IC SOCKETS
LOW PROFILE
SOLDERTAIL
DYNAMIC
64k X 14164-200NS
4k X 14027-250NS DISKETTES
5114"
ATHANA s S SO SOFT 24.95
MEMOREX ss s o SO FT 26.95
VERBATIM SSSO SO FT 29.95
VERBATIM 10 SECTION HARO . 29.95
8"
VERBATIM SSSOSOFT
l 000 pu
'"
'" ...
. 110
,SO
. 190
l OOpcs
01
..
..
12
"22
' pl n
' '' pIn
16 pIn
l ip,"
24 pin
40p, n
TRANSISTORS
PN222 2 1000/ 69.00
2N3 904 10 00/ 69.00
2N39 06 1000/69.00
BAUD-RATE
GENERATORS
MC14411 7.95 1017.25
1.8432 CR YSTAL 4.95
4702 8.95 10/ 7.95
2.45 76 CR YST AL 4.95
53
95
(10/ 3.75 f A)
55
9 5
(1 01 5.75 EA)
512
95
(10/11.25 f A)
16 BIT
CPU SALE
8 BIT
~ -, r
~ _ -..... l _
APPLE* II COMPUTER USERS
DISK DRIVE $299
95
'
* Includes metal cabinet
* Color matches Apple
* 35 Tracks/single side
* Includes cable
* Use with Apple II Controller
16K RAM CARD $69
95
* Upgrade YOLJr 48K Apple II to full 64K of RAM.
* Fully software and hardware compatible with the Apple
language card and microsoft Z80 card.
* El iminates the need for the Applesoft or Integer Basic
ROM card when used in conjunction with DOS 3.3.
* Allows you to run Apple Fortran or Pascal with no
difficulty.
* Available as bare board, kit, or assembled and tested
board.
BARE PC CARD - $28.00 KIT - $59.95
COOLING FAN $69
95
* Easy installation.
* No modification of Apple required.
* Color matches Apple.
* Switch on front controls fan,
computer and monitor.
* Ultra-quiet, reliable fan. t ~ " " : = = - = : ~ I
* Completely eliminates problems
caused by overheating.
POWER SUPPLIES
MODEL 1 $29
95
MODEL 2 $39
95
OPEN FRAME STYLE MOUNTED ON PC BOARD
MANUFACTURED MANUFACTURED BY CONVER
BY SIGMA +5 VOLT 4 AMP
+5 VOLT 4 AMP 12 VOLT 1 AMP
CIRCLE 61 ON FREE'INFORMATION CARD
EPSON
PRINTERS
MX-80
MX-80FT
MX-100
CALL FOR PRICE
WE HAVE APPLE AND TRS-BO
INTERFACE CARDS AND CABLES
MONITORS
NEe JB-1201 M $169
00
ZENITH ZVM-121 $119
95
5%" DISK DRIVES
TANDON
TM100-1 (paR IBM PC) 229.00
SHUGART
SA 400L 199.95
CABINET FOR 5%"
DISK DRIVE
* COLOR MATCHES APPLE
* FITS SHUGART
SPECIAL - $29
95
C4530 19.50
TELEPHONE AMPLIFI ER KIT
Now IVlryone can hear t he conversation wit h the tll ephone
3mplifier kit. Fe.atures hlllh \1Iln eHicient t r.ansistor and IC amp lifllf
circui t wh ich provides clear loud
output to a small spIakl r. Uses
specill sensit ive mducncn COl t 300 0
noise reduction filter tor sUble per-
formance. Size of CirCUit bGard:
onty x 1 Oper.ates from 9V J
b.attery (not Included) .
C4727 $8.95
8 NOTE TUNABLE ELECTRON IC ORGAN KIT
Tunabte 8 note Of93n fut ures tC oscl1l3tor and dar lingt on tr ans
Slsto r output st age to provIde loud clllr ton n . Play simple composi tions,
favor itl tu nes, etc . Uses relll bil const ruct ion Ol" hbutt on swit ches fOt'
con tinuous troubll free perfo rm
.ance. Each nc teu fully tun.abl, wit h
on bo.ard tr immer con t rols. SIze of
board : 2" x 5". Operat es from 3V
to 9VDC {batt ery not included l.
C4736 $8.15
120VAC VARIABLE STROBE LIGHT KIT
Complete varl3ble r3te strobe hllht kit prod UCfl brilliM\t flalhes of light.
rl-a.__
des illn - t houu nds of t hese arl in use
ou t the wor ld. Con t3ins XF,
strlight xenon flashtube. oYerall sill of
com pleted bGaJ.d: 3"l x 2"W.
C3071 $8.115
3 CHANNEL COLOR ORGAN KIT
Ver y popula r 3 chann el col or causa hqhts of your cho ic. (up to
200 Wi tts per chlnn.n to flu h to t he but
of mus ic. Hu 3 diffl rent filter stq5 for
low. med ium 3M high oc tes. Features
IlVel contro l 3nd 3 separate AC OUtllts to
connec t Christmas lights , lamps, It C.
Oper.ates from 120VAC. Sill of boa rd:
3" x 5".
CALL OURHOT LINES
IN CALIF. (714) 527-2554
OUTSIDE CAL (800) 854-8660
SCR ELECTRONICS CENTER
5303 Lincoln.Ave., Cypress, CA 90630
24 VAC SOOMA
Plugin transformer. . . . . $4.50
I
-- - -_.=
UHF/VHFConversion
lBJ Kit - with
Genuine Mitsumi
. tuner $119.98
Free Buyers Guide
84 pages of the latest in components, tools
and instruments - a must for DESIGNERS,
instructors and maintenance engineers .
NEW
PPG Electronics Co., Inc.
791 Red Rock Road,
St George, Utah, 84770
Also availab le, complete
Basic Electronics Course
CALL Toll-Free
1-800-453-1708
Utah residents 1-801-628-3627
These PPGElectronic Kits are
availableat your
local electronic
Kit'
BOI roCKET DICE v
B02 SIGllAl lIJECTDR
B03 SPACE WU l UI
B04 .ETAl DETlCTDR
B05 LDIIC PRDll
B06I URILAR ALAR.
BOBDlCISIDI .AllR
B09 UDPlIDUWETRDID.E
811 0 UIU DlCISIDI .AUR
812 SIUI OSCILLATOR
B14RDlDTIUIUR
B16
B18 fiSHcawR .
B20 SHIER UIHTI
821 CHRIST.U TRU
B22 ONE CHANNn CDLDR ORlAN
IIREH , .
828.IDlT rowu SUPPLY
...... B30 11-15 IDLT roWlR SUPPLY
834 CDLDR ORlAN I CUNllL loCDITRDl
B36 ICHAUlL 4CDNTRDl CDLDR DRIAH
B38 lZIDlT PDWlR SUPPLY
840 IARIAlUSTROll UIHT
842lZIDlT CDLDR DlIAI '
B44 U . JAU
846 12IDlTsumSTROll fWHU
850 WHDDPlR ALAR.
B52 CD.IIUTlDN LDCIl/ALAR. CDITRDl
......
B60 5-10 IDlT UIULAllD roWlR SUPPLY
B61 IIIIDUND roRUIU DIIUII
---.....,. B62 fUUWAIl .DTDRIPUD CONTROL
866 DllITAllLDT .ACHlll
B6B DllIlUl DICl
...... BIONlRn TUTU ... I
BI6 .DIIIT DlllTAl CLDCK
BIB DllIlTAl IIRD
B80 12IDlT, 2A.P RllULAllD rowu SUPPLY
B82 .UIICAl HDRI
BB4 SOUND ACTllAllD CDLDR DRUII. loCHANln
BB6 AUDIO A. P/ INTU CO.
BBBUIWWl TDR.lNTOR g]
..- ...... 890 mP-ACTlDN TI. IHI TUllR .. ;-'"'.
892llUPHDll HOLD lunDI . ' ''; ,
.-....... 894 PNUDRI UIISDUID IEllUTDR
89BIIURY CLDCK

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Some
---TODAY!
: Special Prices For Educators
&_-------------------------
$991
BMiwiuhi
40 Channel VHF to UHF
Block Converter
28.95 Ea.
24.954 & up
42 Channel CATV
Converter
w/on/off Fine Tuning "r 1.!!!!1:ii...........
$94.95
Atari 800 w/16K RAM $659
Atari 400 w/16K $289

Remote T.V. Converter
139.95 Ea.
4 & up 125.00
60 Channel
Wireless Control
Refurbished
Monitors 12" diagonal
39.95
DELUXE 40 CHANNEL
VHFto UHF Block
Converter $38.95 ea.
Features accessible fine tuning knob
included: matching X former and two cables
Surge Stopper Brooks
4 Outlet w/circuit bkr.
led/sw $59.79 ' :-
1 Outlet $43.50 > .
Nowyoucanhave MaximumProtection l' . /
for your sensitive electronic equipment.
182 CiRCLE 84 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD
<0
ce
l\.l
o
o
-l
o
OJ
rn
JJ
4089 $2.95
4093 99
4094 295
4098 229
4099 2 25
14408 12 95
14409 1295
14410 12.95
14412 12 95
14415 895
14419 495
450 1 39
4502 165
4503 69
4505 895
4506 75
4507 95
4506 375
4510 1.19
4511 1 19
4512 1 39
4515 2.75
4516 1 45
4518 139
4520 125
4555 495
4556 99
4566 225
8OC95 1.50
eocsz 125
74161 $ 88
74162 89
74163 87
74164 87
74165 87
74166 1 20
74167 1 95
74170 169
74172 415
74173 79
74174 89
74175 85
74176 75
74177 75
74179 1 34
74180 75
74181 1 75
74182 75
74184 225
74185 225
74186 995
74188 390
74190 11 5
74191 115
74192 85
74193 85
74194 85
74195 68
74196 65
74197 85
74198 1 39
74199 139
74221 1 19
74251 95
74273 105
74276 1 89
74279 75
74283 1 40
74284 390
74285 390
74290 1 25
74298 95
74365 68
74366 68
74367 68
74368 68
74390 145
74393 1 90
74490 190
4037 $195
4040 129
4041 1 25
4042 95
4043 85
4044 85
4048 1 75
4047 125
4048 99
4049 45
4050 69
4051 1 10
4052 1 10
4053 1 10
4055 395
4056 295
4059 925
4060 139
4008 75
4069 35
4070 49
4071 35
4072 35
4073 35
4075 35
4076 129
4077 35
4078 35
4081 35
4082 35
4065 1 95
ma
7475 $ 38
7476 34
7479 460
7480 49
7482 .95
7483 55
7485 65
7486 35
7489 1 75
7490 39
749 1 57
7492 45
7493 45
7494 69
7495 65
7496 69
7497 2 90
74100 290
74107 32
74109 37
74116 1 95
74121 29
74122 39
74123 59
14125 39
74126 44
74128 59
74132 69
74136 75
74139 95
74141 79
74142 295
74143 2 95
74144 295
74145 62
74147 195
74148 120
74150 109
74151 67
74152 67
74153 67
74154 119
74155 78
74 156 78
74157 69
74 158 165
74159 249
74160 88
TERMS "' 0 r- ""., .. ':. " Ra". W" P_'V'\"I,
" "". '\0,1" ",,", :>'. )t " "".. ..,. 0" ,
.. .. .. .. .. 1"'0 '.-0. , " ., . .. it It .... "l ....
.... ' "',I ' I.l" "" 'Pr ''''IJ'I "",,",,",,< . ...-,
.........." ll .. -\'Yj '"'' , .".."I.l' '"n.-' .. ..
J'" Po,,' 1.. ' .. '0011"" " " mho>' "j' " .Of l".
110" uD! tl n r A""l" "Ou. "'(l' ...
... . !"" ' v nllo \.1' ." ' y " " ,
... A".. : .. . .. ' 1'<.. 1 "' .
7400 $ 19
7401 22
7402 22
7403 22
7404 22
7405 23
7406 35
7407 35
7406 26
7409 23
7410 22
7411 29
7412 29
7413 39
7414 59
7416 29
7417 29
7420 22
742 1 35
7422 29
7423 29
7425 29
7426 29
7427 25
7429 45
7430 23
7432 29
7437 25
7438 29
7439 29
7440 19
744 1 .79
7442 57
7443 95
7444 95
7445 79
7446 .79
7447 65
7448 .79
7450 .19
7451 .19
7453 ,19
7454 .19
7459 25
74&) 23
7470 29
7472 29
7473 34
7474 34
74$244 $2 99
7452 51 1.35
745253 1.35
74$257 1.29
74$258 1 29
745 260 75
745280 279
74$287 2 99
74$2 88 2 55
7453 73 310
745374 31 0
745387 275
74$4 71 795
745472 795
74$473 7 95
74547 4 9 95
74$4 75 9 95
745 570 575
7455 71 575
745572 895
745573 895
7459 40 290
745941 290
7 Posl!l on $1 39
8 Pcsmcn 1.49
9 POSition 1 65
10 POSIti on 1 69
745 124
745133
74S134
745135
745136
748 138
74$1 39
74$1 40
745 151
74$1 53
745157
74$158
74$ 160
74$174
74$ 175
745 188
74S194
745195
','45 196
745240
745241
74524 2
745243
I!EiI
$595 LM14 14N $190
1 49 LM1458CNiN 49
149 MCl488N 99
295 MCl 489N 99
99 LM1496N 89
35 LM1556N 1,50
198 LM1820N 95
189 l M1850 N 95
325 LMl 889N 3 10
29 LM211 1N 1.75
98 LM2900 N 99
149 LM2901N 2.50
1 25 LM2917N 2.95
89 CA30 13T 2.19
1 75 CA30 18T 1 99
1,70 CA3Q21T 349
1 49 CA3023T 2.99
1 25 CA3035T 2 75
1.35 CA3039T 1 29
1 39 CA3Q46N 1 29
1 25 LM30 53N 1 49
4 95 CA3059N 3 19
95 CA306QN 3 19
5 95 CA3Q62N 4 95
6 95 LM3065N 1 49
95 CA.3080 T 1 29
1 75 CA308 1N 1 69
1 25 CA3082N 1 69
1 25 CA3083N 1 55
1 95 CA3Q86N 80
1 20 CA3089N 2 99
5 60 CA3096N 3 49
98 CA3097N 1 99
149 CA313QT 130
195 CA3140T 1.19
375 CA3146N 2 49
2.75 CA31 60T 1.19
1,25 CA3190N 195
1 79 CA.3410N 59
1 95 MC3423N 1.49
1,25 MC3460 N 395
1 40 SG3524N 3.95
1 95 CA3600N 3 39
3.75 LM3900 N 59
.39 LM3905N 1,19
9B lM3909N 98
19,95 LM39 14N 3.75
1 25 LM3915N 395
1 75 lM3916N 3 75
1,50 RC4 13 1N 295
275 AC4136N 1 10
1.99 RC4151N 3.70
29 RC4194TK 4.95
75 RC4195TK 5.40
39 UlN2001 1 25
1 95 UlN2003 1 50
65 5N75450N 59
98 SN7545 1N 35
1 15 SN75452N 49
33 5N75453N 49
19 5N75454N 49
75 5N75491N 89
39 SN75492N 89
2 95 5N75493N .89
1 90 5N7 5494N 89
1 95 Tl494CN 4 20
1.95 Tl496CP 1.65
175
am
3 69
54
66
1,15
1.69
129
129
73
1.29
129
1.29
1 29
2 79
1 49
149
2 69
189
189
189
275
275
299
2 99
$ 99
1.19
129
1.35
MUFFIN@FAN
Th e dependable. low
COSt. largest selling fan
for commer cial coo ling
appl icati ons
105cfm tree an delIVery
. 4 68 sq x l 50 deep
WeIght - 17 oz
SPECIAL PURCHASE
'to",'it- $9.50.
DIP
SWITCHES
2 PoSItion
4 Position
5 Poemoo
6 POSition
78H05K
7810<>6
78M G
LM106AH
LM300H
l M301 CN
LM304H
LM305 H
LM300H
LM3Q7CN
LM308CN
LM309K
LM31OC:N
lM311D/ CN
lM312H
LM317T
LM318CN
lM319N/H
lM32OK-XX
l.M32OT-XX
lM32OH-XX
lM323K
l M324N
LM337K
LM338K
LM339N
LM340K XX
LM340TXX
LM340H- XX
LM344H
lM348N
LM350 K
l M358CN
LM360N
LM372N
lM376N
LM377N
LM380CNIN
LM381N
LM363T
LM386N
l M387N
LM390N
NE531VfT
NE555V
NE556N
NE561T
NE565N/H
NE568HIV
NE567V1H
NE592N
lM702H
LM709N/ H
l M71ON/H
LM711N/ H
l M715N
LM723N/H
l M733N/ H
LM739N
LM741CN/ H
LM741C N-14
LM747N/H
LM748N/H
LM760GN
lM1310N
MCl 330
MC1350
MC1358
74SOOS 39
74802 43
74503 45
74504 52
74505 52
74508 49
74S09 49
74$ 10 42
74$ 11 42
74$15 42
74520 42
74512 42
74S30 42
74532 49
74538 1 19
74S40 49
74$5 1 42
74864 46
14$65 46
74574 69
74586 72
745112 72
74$113 72
74$ 114 72
14
18
20
27
30
24
36
43
56
49
56
67
70
81
99
123
1 14
1 38
t89
50- 100
50- 100
2708 145OnS)
2708 165OnS) 5
1702A 575
MM52QJAQ 1450
MM5204Q
54
63
73
77
90
1 00
1 35
126
1.53
2 09
2549
LOWPROFIlE
SOCKETS mNl
16 _15
.20 19
22 .2 1
29 28
34 32
29 27
38 37
45 44
60 59
1-24 25--49
3L W1REWRAP
SOCKETS
8pm WW .55
10 ptn WW (Tin) 65
14 pin WW 75
16 pmWW eo
18ptn WW 9S
20pm WW 1 15
22pm WW 1 45
24 pmWW 135
28 pm WW 160
40 pin WW 220
8 Pin LP
14 Pin lP
16 pm LP
18 pm LP
20 Pin LP
22 Pin LP
24 Pin LP
28 pm l P
40 pm LP
SUPER IC CLOSEOUT SPECIALS
UlN2003 2/$ 1 99 2N6 121 3/$ 100 BOOOA CPU 295 5027 CRT 59.95
74lS868 3/199 5102652 3,95 2102RAM 75 l1 C24 695
74LS377 2/1 99 745287 1 95 4060 RAM 1 49 95H03 2 89
74LS24 1 2/1 99 2758 EPROM 295 8X300CPU 14 95 MM5320 599
8259 B95 7417318T10 5/1 99 745387 196 9]31 RAM 199
6561 RAM 2,95 ZOOACPU 495 2706 EPROM 812995 EMM4402 199
LM733CN 311 99 6522 695 741893 311 00 1103 RAM 311.50
MC1414 3/ 199 6502CPU 5 95 2114 811450 87OOA/O 2/ 1695
CP/ M trade mark of DIgi tal Research. Apple trademark of Apple Computer
8155 $9 95
8156 9 95
8202 2995
8205 2 69
82 12 2.75
8214 4.95
8216 275
8224 2.95
8226 2.95
8228 395
8243 950
8250 1495
8251 6.50
8253 11.95
825 5 4 50
825 7 9.50
2S13oo115Vi Uooer Si50 OACOI S99!1
25tHlO5 15Vi l_ legS OAC1 00 99S
2513AO"3 cS'lllorwe.- 1411S &038furw:: ll(ItIGeftto""lor 450
WCW66710ASCliS/IoItecl 1295 UCA024 VCO 2115
MCIol 66740U"lh$ymbol13115 Ul 51,; I,;VCO I llS
XA2206fullt llOll Gtntf"lOr525
1711-01 1 & Mll'lflllWr 2411 5 llV1 3115
1711DuIIl floOPY 111 115 AY5101315v 11'11 49 5
17111010u111 floWt 36115 AYS1014AjI612 1514V\ 611 S
119102 0w1Flopp)o 4411!1 AYS1015M S63 ISVl 6115
1791 00 0S FIoI:iCl'Y 44 ss 1"'6402 195
11111 00 OS FlallPY 11116403 I9S
161110111SfOoIrilor 1195 :l3SOUSAT 995
2143ClockG_"tor 11Il5 1611BAslr05 2495
1700lbotlll'la"y 1]5,0 MCI44l1 1195
1101 10 bolltl\lfY noo 4702 1495
110Jl bolTS wtI11l41 11115
!MOOVQl1 lOf ftQCcw'oo 125 COl.l5016 16115
17503 ' , D-.g-l BCD 13115 INSI2 50 15115
14l)8l66tll l 395 AY52316 1315
1401t"tlll 5115 AY5J600 1375
OACOl010A W"' 5740.v.c 195
.
'"
li st
$6.95
ACP
$1.95 .
Stepper Motor
USED IN
DATA
.n. PRODUCTS
"V PRINTER
$19.9500.
64K CMOS RAM
S100 rzoons:
Uses 2716's 534NJO
or611 6's v
Assembled & Tested $399.00
CONNECTORS
zse.,
I 200 .000 pieces In
I .. 'S'IOCk - pri ced t o move
Same 8$ MK4027 except 1mS
refresh. MK4015 4Kxl RAM
PMI "Super Beta"
LOW POWER
AMPLIFIER
INTERNALLY
COMPENSATED
P/N OP12GJ
Votfset = 1.0 mV
lt nas = 5.0mA
Gain =4OV/mV
(quantrty limit ed)
Unreal onc e. DB37
male, DB25 female
Gold PC mount WIth
mount ing holes
Mf g. AMP
5pecl fy 25 or 37 pins
Full 1 year warranty
Top quality - gol d fingers
Exp and Apple II 48K to 64K
Compat ible with Z-BOs ottcard "
Allows system to run with CP/M- . PASCAL.
DOS3.3. CaBAL. Visicalc, etc.
Supplied with extra 16K RAM &has (2) lED's
Astec RF Modulator
for
COLOR
&
B/W
1200 BAUD MODEM IC
,
. Features:
.1200 Baud
.40 Pin
. 5Volts On ly
SL1200 .. .. .. .. $129.00
"0" SUB CONNECTORS
8037 $2.50 DB25 $1.95
UV"EPROM"

Model
UVs11 E
$79.95
Holds 4 EPROM's
at a time.
Modol S52T $325 .00
PIN 1082 Channe l 3 or 4 $695
PARALLEL ALPHA NUMERIC
PRINTER
19 Co lumn Pnnte r pnnts 16 numenc at col umns plus 3
columns which have mat h. alpha and other notatio ns
Each whe el has 12 posrtrons wtt h posrttcn 12 blank
posmon 11 on numencal columns have decimal pomtor ti: . Utilizes 2.7 5"
wide addlllQ machine tap e and a dual color Ink nbbon. Input data parallel
with fou r bit BCDco mparat or c rrcurtt schemanc prov ided) Pnnt rate 3 hnes
per second Operat ing voltage 2 2 28VDC with typi cal cvcte time of
340mS Size 6"'''Wx x 5" -Dp New $17.50 ea. 3/$45
16K Memory
Expansion Kits
for Apple/TRS-SO
8 pcs41 161 6K
200/25OnS $1 2 95
Specify computer
CALL FOR VOLUME PRICING
16K Apple" Ramcard
LIST 195
ACP
569
95
$--100 Sound Bo ard $34 .95

8080A CPU 34 95
1-,;"..__..;..,;".. -1
2708/2116 EPROM 34 ,95 271612516. 5V
ACP Proto Board 22,95 (2Kx81T5 7 95
Vec tor 8800 Proto 22.20 TMS2716. 5V 12V 179 5
Vector 8803 11 slot MB 29 95 2758 5V. t450nSl 3 50
ACP Extender wi th connec t or 1895
13 5101Mother Board IWMCj 32.95
9 Slo t Mothe r Boar d (WMC) 29.95
85lot Mother Bd (Expandabl el 34 95
Floppy PCB (8' 5HUGART) 3995
5 100I AY5--891OJSoundBoard 3495
Apple Sound Board 24 95
32K STATIC RAM
2or4MHz
Expanda I.
USII
2114L's
16K 4 MHz Ki t 5159.95
1199.95-: 1------------1
32K 4 MHz A&T 339 .00
BARE BOARD 39 95
BareBdw/a ll part s lessmem 99 95

ZSCPU
with .
TINY
.. -1 BASIC .
Debug prog. $49.95
Plus 6132 companion
quasi-static RAM 29.95
l 8C(l1 SOOOO 6006- 1 Sl .f9!l 6ElO2P 14 9!)
1
iI ZBOO'1 'ecce 2llO1 990 ecas 14 95 leo 99!) 2901A 1495 8039 1295
Z80A 11 9900Jl 4995 8073 N 34 95
F-8 138501 1695 6502 995 6755 4995
2&0 1695 6502A 1695 6748 4i95
1802 9 75 1M$1OQ 2995 6809 30 .00
8080A 4 75 6eOO 1175 8086 4Q 95
8085 1495 6flOO8 1995 68000

6116 12016 $7 95 2147 $5 .99 5290 $1,99
8264-64K 8 50 41 1 5 99 5298 149
4116 -2 1 99 414 469 650B 450
4116-2 811295 1101 99 6518 679
2101 3 99 1103 99 6561 379
2102 79 4027 469 6604 3 99
21l022 149 4044 399 6605 7,99
21L02-4 129 4050 4 69 9130 899
21 11 3 49 -4060 4 69 9140 899
2112 3 49 4096 3.99 934156 99
2114 199 4115 1 49 934256 99
2114l-2 3 25 4200 795 @
2114l-4 229 4402 1 99 y.\.
2125 699 5280 4 60
E!l:EiI ".
825:1 sa95 6804 7 $2295
62751 9 95 68488 19.95
8279 9.50 4650 5 2295
68 10 475 6520 6.95
6820 6,50 6522 995
682 1 6.50 6530 -X 2495
6828 10,50 6532 17.95
6834 16.95 655 1 1995
68452295 ZBO-PIO 6.50
6847 27 95 ZOOA-PIO 9.50
6850 5 25 zso-crc 6.50
6852 5.25 lBOA -CTC 9 50
6860 10 95 zao.OMA 1995
6862 1095 ZBOA-OMA 27.95
8875 5 95 ZB(}510 24.95
8800 2 49 ZOOA510 29.95
4K STATIC RAM
ELL-OFF
10/$9.90
Same as TMS4044
but deSIgned specrflcally
.1------------1 . lor Z-OObased syste ms, ThIs
IS a full-spec 4Kx l RAM. 45On5
OrderP/N Zllog6104-4 'NhIle supply lasts
CIRCLE 69 ON FREE INFORMATI ON CARD 183
SPECIAL
:1
10 pairs ' 9 .95
100 pairs ' 89.5 0
Tiny Inductor
Assortmont W
From .28u H,
to 1.82mH, 10 '4.50
Hoat Sinks
TO-3 14" x .(,. X 1
1
/ . " HI.
'3.95
TO220 59-
Specialty Chips
lM6-402 Uarts $<4.95
MC10125PBus Driver $3.50
N82 S123F Prom 256X8 $1.59
.(lM 15NL. '8 .SCRAMMK
MM1702$3.95 Eprom
.(1162OONS. B/
l
lS .SCRam
8080 A CPU ' 1.95
Piezo Elements
Fantastic 39
C
rjjl
Murota TransducW
General Instrument
Varactor Tuners
. Mi1sumi
VHF. UHF
\l..:L.m $22.50
3
1
/ 4"
RESPONSE
60 TO 30 ,000 Hz
Toko 10 .7 MHZ. Xtal Filter & Coli
2716 2KX8+5v 450 n.s.
(Buy 2 Get 1 FREE,)
2716-1 2KX8+5v 350 n.s. . . 7.95
2732 4KX8 450 n.s. Intel Pi n Out . 7.95
2732A-3 4K l( 8 350 n.s.
Inte l Pin Out l ow Power . 10.95
2532 4KX8 450 n.l. T.I. Pin Out ..... 9.95
Voltage Regulators
a + 5V. 7805
-sv. 79M05
+ 6V. 7806
+ 12V. 7812
5/$5.50 10/$9.95+15V. 7815
MOTOROLA PIEZOSPEAKERS
ZSO 2,5 MHZCPU
Z800MAOMA Control ler
Z80PIO - Parall el . . . . ,
Z80SIO/O Ch an . Ser . .
Z80A-4MHZ CPU
Z80A SIO/O
LSOO ,24 LS125 .95 LS243 1.49
LS02 ,24 LSI3S .79 LS244 ,99
LS04 ,24 LS139 .79 LS245 1.95
LS05 ,24 LS151 .79 LS257 .79
LS08 ,24 LS153 .79 LS266 .59
LS10 .24 LSI54 1.75 LS2s3 .99
LS14 .89 LS157 ,79
LS290 ,99
LS20 .24 LS161 ;;9 LS293 1,75
LS27 .24 LSI64 ,99 LS298 .89
LS30 .24 LSI66 .99 LS367 .79
LS32 .36 LS175 .89 LS368 .79
LS42 .49 LS181 1.99 LS373 ,99
LS74 .44 LS192 .ss LS374 1,49
LS85 .95 LS193 .89 LS375 1.19
LS86 .39 LS221 1.10 LS3n 1.49
LS90 .69 LS240 .99 LS390 1.19
LS109 .39 LS241 ,99 LS393 1,19
LS123 .99 LS242 1,49 LS399 .99
2.00
Choic e Of
Any 1
$5.95
10/'50.00
543.50
AY3-8910-S ound Chip with 60
page data manu al .. . ..
OM8131 6 Bit Unified BUI
8 . : : : : : : :

IM6402- +5v High spee d
UART-AY5-1013 In out
MC1408l 6 0 to A Con vert er
8 Bit 1'.79
Q A0561J 0 to A Con vert er
10 Bit 1.79
e
I- 5027-CRT Con troller -
8 14.95
CRT Controller . . 17.59
; 82S123 -32X8 Tri State Oi pol ar
Trl a'l .
ITT Power Suppl y Voltage Regulator
Irlplc 0< Oual Boards
2-;' lo w Ripp le Cholc........ l.QI..,.<tF Just hook up
Choico Of
+ 12V.7A 12V7A 12V.:9V, ,6V. @ L'A, $1.29
RFI FILTERS
2 AMP. HOPKINS
$3OO.000rig, Tolotype Cost # F- 85010 $1.95
5" X 5" H;gh X W' ' 59.95
Power In verter CORCOM $2.95
12V. to 115V.
450 Wotl Dip Tantalum Caps
e
...
,-
' 79.95 68 . 10, 15. 22. 33'47, rnz .3.v.
22,68 ((/10V.
6.8 ((I 16V. 29
47..68, 1.5, 2.2. 33, 4.7, 6.8 (a 35V.
Full Warr anty . .. 1 (u SOY. dipped and solid
100 pes . '39.95
4KSTATIC RAMS
LESS THAN94< EACH
MK4104J-4 - 250 N.S. 18 Pin Cer amic
Computer Mfg. Surplul . PRIME. Fully
St atlc eny to Ul e. Hn Same Pin Out al
TMS4044. but I lightly dlffer enl timing.
With Spec l . (Moltek)
8 lor 8.95 32 for 29.95
VERY LOWPOWER!
, : - t
, - ,t
HIS both 1 MHZand 2 MHZ TTL- output, -
Herm.ll cally 1..led - Ultra high ItabUll y over
wide temp. range - orIginally eeer oy.r $"0.00
each - we made a supe r purcha.. lrom a major
comput er manufacturer - 5 Voltoperation - fit ,
,ta ndard 2" pin ,ocket - Manufactured by
Motorola osc illator dlyll ion . .. . . 7.50 (w/data)
MC6871A ... 3/ 20,00

Bulk Only
3" SQ.
HFAN3 1
1 Lot of 8 OHM 2'1." Speakers
21L02-1KXl 250 n.s.
Low Power .95
21 14 L-3 1KX4 300 n. .
Low Power . , , 2.75 8/17. 50
+ 5v-200 n...
CMOS Low Power 2716
Slyle Pin Out , .
TMM2016 2KXS-S.NMOS
200 n.'. 2716 Slyle
Pin Out .. , . . . , . . , . . " .. ,. , .. , 8159.95
65015 256X4 - CMOS - Dat a
Ret ention 2 Voltl - 22 Pin - 200 n.s.
Typ . 5V Very Low Pow er 1.50
6514 J-5 1 Super Low
Power 350 n.s. Simil ar to 2114
Same Pin Ou l
81085 IKXS NMOS5V500 NS
22 Pin
Dual Computor Chip Set
2 CPU & MPU Sys te ms / Duo l -
Clock s . ACl U,
512 X 8 Bi Pol ar Ram 50 usee.
& suppo rt
R29623 Bi Polar Rom
704 l S6204 Vo lt Can t. Osc.
74121 (2)741 3(2)
29701 6-4 X 8 Prom
Me 8601 Mo nost oble, Retrig.
Mult ivibro to r (2)
CA 32.46Quod 20 MA. OP AMP.
6503 CPU
1JO.I8MPU '9.95
723 Reg.
TMS9901Prog. Koybo'rd Interfaco
The .rnanut act urer put them into sto rage to de-
pr eci at e th em . Now they are FI NALL Y
AVAILABLE!! Removed from working systems,
these fanta st ic machines have bui lt- i n dri ver and
decoder ci rcuitry and take TTL l evel, 6-bit
character plus 4-bit functional input signals.
Easil y driven by most any micro . Use as a
typewrit er (with additional ' repeal' ci rcuit ry ) or
as a KSR/O print er, or both. Requir es 115, 60Hz
f or t ypewriter motor. 5 VDC for TTL and 24 VDC
for sol enoids. "Table Top" sty le case. Each
" Select ric'" I/O machine is complete and in
oper ati onal condition. Incl udes schemati cs,
dat a, case, platen, and rib bon . (Ty pe el ement not
i nc l uded.) ,
I/OSELECTRIC .. , , . , . , , $399.00ea.!
(Add $20. 00for Pkg, - Pay Shpg. onDelivery)
Write or Call for our Latest
BARGAIN-PACKED FLYER!
PARALLEL INPUT.
I/O SELECTRIC*
Th ese uniq ue, of f - l ease and us ed GE
" Terminet s" offe r 3 input Baud rates f or 3 pri nt
speeds, t able-t op operation. Cont i nuo us print
band provides fast , fu ll y formed charac ters far
superio r t o Dot Matri x. LETTER QUALI TY pr int
at DOT MATRIX speed!! One unit is full y tested
and operatio nal, cleaned and ready to use. The
other is clean and who le but UNTESTED (use as
a spare or as part s mac hine) . Line Cord & Forms
Tract or NOT incl uded (available f rom GE
dir ect!) Tract or GE Part No. 44C414730-G02. I
Only $495.00 Pair
(Add. $30. 00 for Pkg. - Pay Shpg. onDelivery)
G.E. TERMINET 340
LI NE PRINTER
2 for 1
SALE!!!
BUY 2 BAND PRINTER / TERMINALS
FOR THE PRICE OF 11
You Get 2 GENERAL ELECTRIC (GE)
TERMINET 1200's
Featu res:
-RS32 ASCII Input -Fully Formed Type
- Up to 1200 Baud (1 20 cpsl for almost 60Ipm
-120Columns at 10'pitch' -Changeable Print Band
-Ultra Reliable -94 Characters (Upper & Lower Caul
-115 VAC 60 Hz -MFG'R's PRICE OVER $5K
These excel lent off - lease, used BAND-t ype Li ne
Printers feat ur e:
-230to340 lines per minute,
-PARALLEL (TTL] Input.
-132 Columns, 64 Char. ASCII Set
-Includes Stand & Sound Hoodl
- TESTED& OPERATIONAL
-Schematics & I/O
Oala Included
Each mach ine includes
Print Band , Par allel
Input I/ O Board ,
Schemat ics & info.
Each Pri nter is shipped teste d and fu ll y oper-
ational!! Nationwide service by General Elect ric.
Original Pri ce over $4,000.00 Most are unu sed or
new!!! 0 I $795 00
.. .. .. ..... .. . n y . EACH!!
(Add. $30. 00for Pkg. - Pay Shpg. onDelivery)
C/)
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Z
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CC
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W
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W
6
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CC
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JJ
185
51.00
Kit 518.00
A04
A03
New 2StageLow
Noise28dbgainRF
AmpJilier Speci ally
designed for kit builders
New 1 StageLow Kit 510.50
Noise 14dbgain
Amplifier
75300OHM matching
Transformer.
F59 Coaxial Connectors. . . .30
Min ordlr ani,. se nd checkor mane, order to:
GILCO INTERNATIONAL. INC.
P. o. Box8817, Ceral Gable., FL 33124
Tel.(305)8235891For COO ordersadd10%shipping
andhandlingorfororders over$50, add 5%.
Fllllidents Idol 5%... til. Plel .. wrtl. lor more InlannI1lan
Part No.
A02
Part No. B21 Printed Ci rcuit Board. .. . . 517.00
1. Thi s Printed Circuit Board uses only one
jumper, others use 9.
2. The component layout is screen printed on
the Component side of the pre-drilled PIC
Board.
3. The solder side of thePIC Board is covered
with High Temperature Solder Resist for
ease of assembly.
4. This PIC board was designed totake advan-
tage of the Gilco High Gain Tuner which
means its circuitry is simpler and more
efficient than those circuits that require
inferior Varactor Tuners.
ACCESSORIES: AMPLIFIERS
PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS
Part No. B22 Complete Parts Kit. . . .. . 580.00
All resistors (30), Potentiometers (15K, 31OK). Panel MOIInt
Potentiometer (10K). Electrolytic Capacitors (6), Ceramic and
Mylaz o;sc Capacitors (35), VOli abie Capacitors (4). All lmer-
gratedCircuits (7), Voltage Regulator, Heat Sink, o;odes (4), IC
Sockets (48 pin, 314 pin), Power Transtormer (24V/1 A), Coi l
Kit with No. 26 wire(4). Speaker (4'"3 Oz.), Standoffs, Coaxial
cabie, All misc. HardwOl e, etc. All parts Ol e individually
packaged andlabel ed.
All componentsincluding thewire, HardwOle, Coaxial CallIeand
heat sinks Ol e Included in the parts kit. This means your as-
semblytimetram starttofinishisooly4 hoers,
Order all 3, B20, B21 , B22 110.00
Order 5each, B20, B21 , B22 95.00/set
ELECTRONIC PARTS KITS
SATISFACTION
GUARANTEED
' $15.00
Freq. Range UHF470
889MHz Channel s 1483
Output Channel 3.
Part No. B20 _ Available 00request: Ch2or4.
ModifiedHigh Gain Tuner 515.00
1. The first thingwedois changethestandard
diode found in every tuner to a Hot carrier
Diode.
2. The tuners output is then measured and
compared to our computer derived chart
from which we determine the correct
value coil 10 add across the IF output for
maximum Pre-Peaked gain.
3. The tuner is fed a standard 10db antenna
input, and while monitoring the output on
our Spectrum Analyzer, the tuner is tuned
to the desired channel and its oscillator is
offset for the desired output frequency as
follows:
Ch. 2:58Mhz Ch. 3: 63Mhz Ch. 4: 68Mhz
Wecall thisstoppeaking becausethe tuners OIItput looks like
a peak 00OIIr spectrumanal yzer and thehighest point of that
peak isactuallyadjustedforthedesiredOIItpUt.
4. Finally, we measure the tuners output one
more time which is again compared to our
computer derived performance chart to
ascertain the correct value of the second
coil which is added to the tuners internal
connections.
Thisprocedure wasdeveloped by GILCO and its OIIr computer
derived performance charts that make OIIr tuner better. That's
becausealmost every tuner gilts a different value coil before
it's peaked andthen adifferent valuecoil after it's peaked. The
combinatioos Ole endlessand theway wedetermine the values
is our secret.
Sa l. , on d Or d. r Oel k Phone Qr'ld Ma il
Open f rolll 6:00G . "' ,IPST) Ord.r, W.l co",
TU MS; C.O.D., Vilo , O.,.r 10,000
MOII.rChorge Dill. re nt
(O pe n " ( colin' , Avo ila bl e ' II. "" in Siock
DCEI-----
MANUFACTURERS OF QUALITY
ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
Ball .r y Clip. & Hold .rs
Cabl . Set s Co n n ecto r s Capacito r s
. Di. pla y . , LED Fu Ja ck. & Plug.
Knobs La mp s Pot ent iomet e rs
RF Co i l. R. l ay. R.sis t ors
Swit ch e s Se miconducto rs Sp ea k ers
Te s t Eq u i pme n t Transformer s Too ls
Wi r e & Cabl .
lIItE STOCK lIIth.. lilt. C....109
SATELLITE
COMPUTER -
TEST EQUIPMENT '-
DISCRETE 70 MHz PLL- Replaces NE564 v,deodemodulatorwith
out theneed for an Eel dwrder. (l OMHz I F) Guaranteedtrackmg
to 85 MHz. WIdebandwrdth.Lower C/ N, reduced 'tearing' May be
remotely .. . . ..... . ... 1124.95
A & T(Mi 2-0101) . .. . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. .. 1159.95
TUNEABLEAUDIODEMODULATOR - Tunes hom 5410 B2 101Hz
Swrtchable 5 KHz lP Mer lor Canadian buds Tunmgdiodes m-
eluded, Two of these and a couplecpa mps requuedlor stereo
Bou d (Mi l- 020B) . . ...... . .... . .. . ... .. 124.95
I wo BOil rds (M81-02I B) . . .. 39.95
CANADIAN AUDIODESCRAMBLER- Tuneon those'chrrpmg' sub-
earners and hear what you've been mlsslOg
Bare Beard ( Ri 2-010B) 124.95
A ::
LO-OHMSADAPIOR- Ad.pl snorm.' VOMor DVMtomeasurehom
001 ohm to5 ohms usmgSingle9-'1011battery Super Simplecall-
(M82. 100K) . . . . . . . $14,95
A .....
MODEM - Bell 103 (300 bps)compatibleAnswer/Originat e modem
No acoustic coupler requued. RS232 semi I/O
B.,. Board ( Ri l -I DOB) . . . . 124.95
Kit (RBI -lOOK) . . . . . . 169.95
A & T(R81-100T) . . 199.95
All prices include complete and ccmpreheruive documentancn.
pcstaj e and handline. C.O.D. accepted. Call or write for
CilIt alol . Dealer inquiries invited.
DIGI COM ENGINEERING. INC.
P. o. Box 1656. KODIAK. AL ASKA 996 15
90 7-486-5 118 907-486-6215
OPEN 10 AM TO 8 PM PST
DESIGNS IN CONSUMER ELECTRONICS
DC TO LIGHT
DIGITAL
MULTI-METER
ASSEMBLY
$14
95
$1
55
DOWN
CONVERTER
8-12 V.D.C. or
12-18 V.D.C.
Incl udes:
9 V. Ban . Holder
Front Bezel
Excell ent for Frequency
Count er.
MICRO WAVE DOWN
CONVERTER KIT (HMR II type)
- . ....::.--::-. -
$14
95
NEW PLASTIC CASE
8 TRACK
TAPE DRIVE
w/ll0 VAC. motor
Track Indicator l ight s
12 V.
Pri-amp 12 V.
Includes:
(4) 7 seg. LED displays
(1) ICL 7107 (A-D IC)
(1) +5 V. Reg.
(1) - 5 V. Reg.
(1) Bridge
(1) Pwr. Trans .
Resistors & caps
PC Bd., 3-MRF901 's, 2-MBD 101 's
1 Thermist or , 1 Choke, 3-Chip Caps,
$3995 1 " F" Connector.B Resistors
+ Instruction s
ALL ORDERS PLUS POSTAGE VIA UPS
E' 3 (602) 266-9758 .,.
(602) 234-3026 -
PRE-CHRISTMAS SALE
ON KITS & .PARTS
Video 7 Sync Enhancer w/modulator $59.95
(for video guard tapes)
"Sinewave (in board) $59.95
(in/out board) $89.95
Gated Sync (in board) $59.95
UHFVaractor Tuner $14.95
24 V. C.T. XFMR@1.5 A. . . . . .. . . . $3.95
7812 or 7815 $.85
1310, 1330, 1349, or 1350
Limit 5 per. $1.50 ea.
12 V.
CAR
VACUUM
w/ assessories
By KRACO
(602) 266-9758 (602) 234-3026
ELEC7'.t,
0+.1('\
Wholesale Retail - Surplus
Electronic Parts
6835 N. 16thStr-;;t. P hoe nix, AZ 85016
RADIO-ELECTRONICS does not assume any responsi bil it y for errors that may appear In
the Index below.
Electronic Tec hno logy Today 90
Electronics Trai ning 152
Enterpr ise Deve lop me nt . : 159
Etco Elect ronics 169
Etronix 158
Fordham Ra dio 162
Formula In ternati onal. . .. .. 44 . 177
Ga laxy Electro nics 168
Gilco Int ern at ional, Inc 185
Gladstone Elect ro nics 159
Global TV Elect ronics.. .. .. .. .. 164
Godbo ut Elect ro nics.... .. .... ... 59
Grant ha m College of Enginee r ing .. 155
Ha l Co mmunica tions Cor p 24
Hal- Tro nix 170
Heath 26.78-79
The Heath Gro up 28
Hickok Elec trical Instrument s 147
Hitec h Electronics 174
ISET/NESDA 134
Infor mat ion Unlimited 170
In tern ational Crysta l 157
JDR, Mic ro devices 178-179 .180- 181
J &W Electronics .. . .. .... 160
J ameco Electronics . .. .. .. .. .. .. 172-173
Jensen Tools, Inc. .. 3 1
Ki kusui Int ernat ional Cor p. .. I
H.J. Knapp . .. .. 184
LT Sound 1!i8
McGee's Ra dio 168
McGraw-Hill Book Co 136-139
Memotec h Corp. 11
MicroManagement Sys tems , Inc 158
Microtenna Associa tes 160
Mikos Inc 77
Monarchy Engi neer ing, Inc 176
Mo unta in West Alar m 162
Mo user Elect ro nics 185
Mu lti tec h Elect ronics, Inc 96
NRI Schools .. .. . .. .. .. .. 16-19
NTS Schools ...... .. .. 118-121
Nept une. Communicati ons , Inc 147
Net ro nics .. 58. 151
New To ne .. . . 29
Non Lin ear Sys tems 5
North American Soa r 27
O.K. Machine & Tool 25
Omnit ro n Electronics 176
PC Gu ide 103
P.P.G. Electronics Co . Inc 182
Pacific One Corp 31
Pac -Tee Corp 159
Paia Electronics 145
Philips ECG 13
Philips Test &
Measuri ng Inst ruments .. :. .. .. 23
Phipps & Bird .... . 3 1
Pol y I'a ks . .. .. .. . .. .. .. .... . 186
Prot ect o Enter pr ises.. .... .. .. . . .. .. . 72
Quest .. . . 94
RCA 95 . 152.1 5.1
Radio Shack 52. 171
Ramsey Electronics 167
SCR Elect ro nics , In c 182
SJ B Distributors, Inc 175
SMP, Inc 31
SRJ Internati onal 186
H.W. Sa ms 63-7 1
Satellite TV .. . . 164
Si mple Simon Elect ro nics 117
Sinclai r Resea rc h Lt d.. .. 8-9
Sintec Co . ... .... . 170
Solid State Sa les.. ... .. 164
Son)' Video .. .. .. 22
Spartan Elect ro nics 182
A.W. Sperry 30
Stavis Elec tro nics, Inc 166
Suntronics Co., Inc 166
TNW Co rp 134
Tab Books 15
Tektronix 7
Triton Mk tg. Co r p 155
Ungar .1I
Video Con tro l.. .. 31
Video Mods .. .. . ' 31
Viz l\trg . Co . .. .13
Wersi Electro nics . .. 163
Ze mog Scien ti fic . .. 134
Ze nit h Ra dio Co. . .. ... Cove r IV
87
95
7
38
53
52
58
2
86
44
49
13
II
73
70
23
84
24
71
56
77
5
31
17,-
4,66
64
93
68
51
94
96
36
30
60
57
97
78
88
50
61
32
12
19
16
10
75
18
80
55
37
45
20.62
34
26
85
21,15
22
33
90
83
40
46
65
47
... 84
.80
.. .. 34-37
. 182
154.162
.. 2
98
41
92
63
74
8
59
29
76
9
91
48
14
28
3
82
81
25
79
39
Free Information Number Page
42 AMC Sales . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . 157
ATV Research 170
Aa ro n Gavi n 158
Abex 3 1
Active Electronics 165
Advance Co mputer Products 183
Adva nce Electronics 20-21. 38
Adva nce d Too l Tec hnology . . . . . . 151
All Elect ro nics 168
Will iam B. Allen Supply 15-1
Anders Perci sion Instrument
Co . , Inc.. .. . . ..... 153
Ar izona Elect ron ics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
BBC Metrawatt Goerz 1-15
B. G. Micro 18-1
B&K Precis ion Dyn ascan Corp 156
Bagnall Electronics 160
Ka re l Barta 163
Beckman Inst ru ments Cover III
Bull et Electronics 17-1
C& D Electronics, Inc. .. .. 176
CIE, Cleveland Institute of
Electronics .. .. .. ..
Cha ney Elect ro nics ..
Comma nd Pr oducti ons .
Communicat ions Elect r onics
Components Ex press .
Compuse rv ..
Com puter Produ ct s &
Peri phera ls Unlimited 18-1
Concord Elect ro nics 102
Conso lidated Electronics, Inc 163
Cook's In sti tu te 162
Coo per Gro up Cove r II
DX Te le-Labs 3 1
Dage Scie nti fic 160
Devt r onl x/Or gan Product s 160.170
Digat ek Corp.. .. .. 164
Digi Com Eng ineer ing, Inc 185
Digi-Key Corp. .. .. 161
Dokay .. .. .. 174
Edu Ca lc . ... .... . .. .. .. 32
Rainbow.. .. .. .. .. .. . .. 42
Elect ro nic Specialists, Inc.. .. 157
35
72
27
43
54
67
69

Z2 WI06Ing ".,eIl

... aflo4. kalrCl,ll

Twl l'lll" Twlf\II... L/t1.. ....

I .... of h . ..
21 a.dI Toc.ula '" 0 lIiNftOf
"'.....
APPLICATIONS
El ect roni c Door-chi mes
Musi cal Carhorn
Enl rance Warning
Musi c Box
etc...
Spec Sheet & Typic al Circuli
SChematic Included
FEATURES
30 Mel odi es
Vari abl e Tune Speed
Vari abl e Volu me
Direct Output To Speaker
Aut o or ManuI I Tune Change
Low Power
Operated By Two 9V Batt erl.a
Thes e units ar e
co mplete wit h a ll
par ts inc luding
mic roprocessor
described above.
Minor problems
require t roub le-
shoot ing.

115 Vol t 10 Amp
PHOTO-ELECTRIC $ '.70
CONTROL . . I 1.tU
-tcea! for Indoor & outdoor 7127 12VTC @ 150mA . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Ii ght react lve proje cts 7128 12VTC @ 5OmA, 5V a 200mA . . .... . ... 1 2 .38
- con ststs of an SPST relay. contro lled 7154 25VTC @3A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.53
by a JI.o " eta. CdS phOto electric cel l 7271 25V qb 4A, l 31f , VCT t/t 2A. l 2V fl 200mA .. 11.3 7
- Ful ly enclosed in 3'14"dI3. x 2 '14" ptasuc modul e 71 01 28V Ul 5A. 12V fJ 5A. 13VCT f[f,J 2A. . . . . 1 7 . 1 3
-l OA 1000w 1800VA 718$ 12V ((f 4A. 36VCT !f" 1A, 2SV Ql 4A 1 4. 0 7
. 7 4 1 1 -Hub'bell male plug $4.49 5802 20V (t 6A . . . . . . . . . 11.47
MicroSwl tch I NICKEL-CAD DUAL OUTLET
.. -. BATTERY
KEYBOARD , assembly
- ToP-Qual lty dat a entry type each
- Assernbled w' ccmplete en-board cirCUit ry - c onsrsts of ten 1.2V lAh sub-C - 1/60 H_P. VAC therma ll y protected mot or ;
- tnctudes alphabet ic. numeric & computer cell s connected in senes 115V AC fl 6OHz.O.7(A
$22.00 x 1718" $6.49 x 4' /t " . lnlet s 2-7JS"dla . $ 9 . 9 8
.!!!!.-t., !':Jjle] III ('I f-J., ,j Iir"WiIe"I" [I]: I$4' :"' 3;'"1t.,;t.,: i i:J::p-,..olIta-""'II=::::
Sanyo Impact-Type
TANK BATTLE ..: .' I , 115 Volt DIGITAL PRINTER
TV GAME BOARD " J. "- BLACK Solenoid activated d,gll se,'e,ct
-ze-crn DIP wlGenerallnst ruments ,. ...'.... LIGHT & aut o tape advance
AY.38700.1 tank battle game chip - tnctuces ,. fluorescent bulb, - 12col umn format print s dIgIts Og
and board . ..... mount i ng fixture w't ranst ormer. & symbol s C 300 t )
- Chi p cap abiliti es: 2 individuall y contr oll ed ex. In-nne ON/OFF SWitc h & 6 ft. -ReqUir es + 0 fir rnA (mo or ;
ploding tanks. 3 speeds. motor & expl osion cord. - Pre-wued & ready to use x
on,c,ee n ,conng. & mo,e $8.88 7'01 $9.49 7380 $ 14.44
Lambda es
VOLTAGE REJECT I
REGULATORS ... "GAS ' -. ' METER ." r
SNIFFERS"
7301 12V (t 3A. 30Watts. TO3case .. 12. 78 scales
7300 12V tr 5A. 50Watt s. TO-3case . . 1 3 .08 tox ic gasses & sound alarm 200mA movement . 2000 coil
-Each board; 2%" x eFor panel mount i n dta. hole
7384 ' $5.98 740.
, -
Sc hematic included. as is.. . only $14.95
Shippi ng & Ha ndling... $ 3.00
500K Lin. Pot s : 65'ea. or 41$2.00
6Ft. Coax wit h RCA plugs : 31$2.00
Ca. Res . Add 6% Ta x. Postage 50'
Check or M.O. Visa & Mast er Card Accepted
SRJ INTERNATIONAL CORP.
1936 Hillman Avenue
Belmont, Ca lif. 94002
30 TUNE
MELODY
MICROPROCESSOR
Special Offer $6.
95
Two For $13.
00
Ca. Res . Add 6% Tax ' Postage & Handling Add 51.50
I .. 11 U ...fM+I .....
1 A"*l laftQ IyN 12 Happy 8k1 NMy
Jo-",,' n JItIO'I.....
. ..... Bnn.tl4a .... lf _11
ow.- tl CklN (_1.-.. n-
M Oc.r..6e'
t7 ....
I ' ... " God Sol TN au-
,.Or I.L..-.
ao
186
en
o
z
o
a:
o
w
....J
W
6
o
a:
BECKMAN
Convenient storage and multiple viewing angles
are featured in the new line of Beckman bench!
portable DMMs.
Introducing theTE(HTM360
DMM. Never has it been
so easy to doso much for
Beckman's TECH 360 benchl SO I-Ittle The TECH 360 is available
portable DMM puts unmatched for just $289 (U.S. only), including
capability and convenience at your batteries. The companionTECH
fingertips . quickly, with audible and visible 350 (without RMS and temperature
You can select from 8 functions indications. Measure up to 10 amps measuring capability) is priced
and 31ranges with one turn of the without adding special adaptors. at $229.
single selector switch. All with 0.1%basic Vdc accuracy. For information on the com-
an or off the bench, you can 12,000 hour battery life plete line of Beckman DMMs and
accurately measure all complex Designed for ultimate ease of accessories, call your local distrib-
waveforms withTrue RMS ACfunc- operation, the TECH 360 delivers utor today. For the one nearest you
tions. Extend resistance measure- 12,000 hours continuous service (up call: (714) 993-8803 or write
ment to 1/100 ohm resolution. Read to 4 years of normal use) from stan- Beckman Instruments, Inc., Electro-
temperatures from - 20 C to dard heavy-duty batteries. You'll Products Group, 210 South Ranger
1265C. Perform continuity checks never have to search for power out- Street, Brea, California 9262l.
lets or contend with ground loop
errors. The expense of rechargeable
battery packs
is eliminated.
, 4-Posltlon Impedance Tuning
Control Knob. Receives all VHF/UHF
Channels 2 thru 83 plus FM Stereo.
UHF Loop turns easily by hand
to Improve reception on Channels
14 thru 83. Base foot padding
to mainta in a stable position.
Large 5-sectlon VHF elements to
reduce snow and color fading.
In elegant Walnut finish.
Zenith Radio Corporation / Service, Parts & Accessories Division /11 000 Seymour Avenue / Franklin Park, Illinois 60131
I
I

Re - 1982-10

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MOSTLY BASIC: APPLICATIONS

MOSTLY BASIC: APPLICATIONS

192 x 256 graphics 10-inch color monitor

other CP/M c0mpatible

GAMESOF EVERYDESCRIPTION are among the many serv ices available

13 07-U:5 u3:UU fleoti:

{9 qrdf If' Il!1. I1rJf ; t he t rlt' xxx _ Cdrt e r dttdCa:S reJlJ dn t dx

FIG. 12-FOIL PATTERN for top of telephone

gives you more

'I Credit for previous Schooli ng &:Professional Ex-

Model V 4801 $29.95 ea

7116 WATERVUET AVE. DAYTON, OHIO 45420

SOLID STATE SALES

MINI- l oo wired, I year

B. S.R . r-<:XlE L C136R/C!3

100 FOR 530 . 00

CIRCLE 85 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

13732 0- 1001. 39 .50

Stock No. 13735 $9.

CJ.lOS TITItf. .. . . . . 2.25

CMOS 555Tmtr. .. .. 1.45

CMOS QpAmp . . Str.I V 2.25

CUOS AmpEx! Cnwr.

CUOSOwlOpArnt:! Conp, . . . 5Ir.l V

.69 llr.l3189H 11 1."

3.95 NE536H . 00 RC4151HB

'" l tr.l 334Z 1.19 NE540H 4.95 RC419-4TX

1355 SHOREWAY ROAD, BELMONT, CA 94002

3 2.768 KHZ 1.90 5.185 3 .90

Incorpo rat es bra nd -new DC d esi gn t ha t g ives a frequ e ncy

Atari 400 w/16K $289

$--100 Sound Bo ard $34 .95

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