Nanna

kapena

About moyo wauzimu wa zomera

kuchokera
Fechner

Leipzig 1921 wofalitsa Leopold Voss

Okhutira.
Mawu Oyamba
I. udindo wa chinthu
II. More zambiri kuukira ntchito
III. Wamanjenje funso
IV. Teleological zifukwa
V. Khalidwe la zomera
VI. Chomera imfa ndi -Leid
VII. Funso la ufulu
VIII. Growth, winches, kupinda, kupotoza zomera
IX. Wokondeka kayendedwe ka zomera
X. Teleological counterreasons
XI. Zitsanzo teleology la zomera
XII. Ndimaika mbewu nyama
XIII. Mgwirizano ndi centralization zomera chamoyo
khumi ndi chinayi. Kuti mudzie zambiri za malamulo a mbewu moyo
XV. Kuyerekezera ziwembu
XVI. Mitundu ndi fungo
XVII. Pitilizani
XVIII. A ochepa Zongotigwera Maganizo

Mawu Oyamba.
Ine ndikuvomereza kuti walimbana ndi nkhawa, kusunga ndithu dreamily
kuwonekera ili mtendere malo achilengedwe phunziro limene ine kuphimba folgends
panthawi zokambirana, kumene lalikulu chilakolako ndi kupita kwa nthawi iliyonse,
ngakhale mwinamwake kwambiri mtendere, chisamaliro ndi chidwi anatengedwa
paliponse ndipo wachibale zinthu kwambiri chofunika kwambiri kumaliza. Musati
amandipempha kuti munthu kuyamba kumva konse-pamaso-anamva mu stillest
nthawi kunong'oneza wa maluwa tsopano kuti mkokomo wa mphepo, wokhoza
kulanda ltestbewurzelte mafuko ndikukhulupirira kusamala chiyani pa nthawi imene
loudest ndi mawu zimativuta kuti abwere mu zawo, kapena kunena
zimenezi. M'nkhaniyi akhala kwa nthawi yaitali ili anamaliza ndi ulesi.
Komabe, ine kale kuwerenga, ndi mitundu dzanzi otsika mawu amene akumva
zonse bwino, m'pamene pamene ng'oma ndi mwakwiya. The mantha kuti anadabwa
chidwi khutu, kudzutsidwa ogonawo. Tsopano ine ndiri bwino ndithu kuti mgolowo
kwa nthawi si mwakwiya mokomera otsika mawu a maluwa; koma iwo sakanakhoza
kubwera mu uthenga mmalo wakumva mawu? Lalitali bwanji wathu khutu wogontha
Koma kapena m'malo momwe kale uja chakhala dzanzi motsutsa; ndipo tsopano kuti
mosavuta analimbikitsa kachiwiri ndi awa anataya mawu oyambirira unyamata,
chachirendo ndi atsopano mu phokoso phokoso kapena adzafota? Inde, ine ndine
n'zosayenera ngati ine ndikuganiza n'zotheka kuti zisanachitikepo, chete masewera
zimene zikuchitika pano, ati ambiri ankamveka ngati chisanadze anaukira poyambira
kuchokera mwatsopano wachinyamata, zimene muyenera kudziwa tsiku lina
adzaphuka ngati pochita kuchokera mmanda, mu kale lomveka ndi maudindo
akumira masiku akale?
Pakuti pokambirana, chimene ine ankayesetsa kulimbikitsa ndekha, anabwera
lingaliro lakuti, chifukwa itatha yoyamba kugunda kwa mokwiya kukhala zeitgeist,
ngati sakukondweretsedwa, koma inaleka penapake mu mphamvu zake, ndipo yaitali
nthawi ya kayendedwe lokha kale pano ndi kufunika kwa kusintha ndi ena mfundo
anachititsa akubwereranso akanakhoza kuoneka pa phokoso zofuna apa ndi apo
akulola. Ambiri ngakhale anthu amene analankhula ndi kulira ku dziko ya anthu
zovuta, kamodzi ngati nthawi yochepa kufunafuna mpumulo mfundo mu dziko
labwino, pakati okhalapo omwe anakumana mwakachetechete m'mapiko pa mapazi
ake, limene limalimbikitsa keins iye ndekha, palibe wina ndi kulankhula pokhapokha
ngati iye akufuna analola kuchita iwo kulankhula? M'dziko ngati ine ndikufuna kuti
atsogolere owerenga ndi mwiniyo akufuna pang'ono zolengedwa abwere kutsogolo
kwawo kutanthauzira, kuti anthu onse opezeka oimira ake, ngakhale Vlklein ake
osati wopanda. Only amene ali olandiridwa, zofunika kuchita kuti kuvomereza.
Mwina mukhoza kupeza anafufuza mawu mutu wa chikalata ichi; Komabe,
tingawerenge Ndipotu chabe. Ine ndikukhumba chimodzimodzi vorzusetzen yochepa
moyenera dzina, ndinasankha nthawi yaitali pakati Flora ndi Hamadryas. Kuti dzina
Ndikuona kuti zomera, izi penapake kwambiri ouma antiquarian, mosalekeza chabe
pa moyo wa mitengo. Potsirizira koma Flora anali pa mayendedwe anga Uhland

bodza Thor (S. 147th 152) kutsatira mfundo anakumana amene ndikuona kuti muli
kwambiri wachisomo, kuti ine sindikukana ndekha, iwo herzusetzen palimodzi,
makamaka chifukwa chakuti anthu ambiri mwamsanga mpaka Buku lili zili wathu
magazine.
"Nanna, Baldr (mulungu wa kuwala) mkazi wa maluwa, duwa dziko, imodzimodzi
nthai yabwino ndi Baldur kuwala ulamuliro Pakuti woyamba akunena dzina la
bambo ake Nep (Nepr), batani, Mphukira ,. Mwana wa maluwa batani ndi maluwa ...
Pa Saro flares Baldur amakonda Nanna, akaona ake kukuwala wokongola kusamba;
ndi undressed, kusamba Nanna, anamva ndi Baldur, ndi kuchokera mu Kuwala
Yomanga, frischbetaute pachimake; ndi ndakatulo za yamakedzana kwambiri
wosakhwima maluwa Walani kuganiza konse mosiyana ndi mame .. ankasamba ndi
kuchepa kwa kuwala komanso olemera, ambiri onunkhira duwa la moyo akubwera
ku mapeto Baldur thupi ikuchitika ku pyre, Nanna kuduladula ndi chisoni; mawu ndi
mwinamwake mwambo osweka mtima, koma makamaka oyenera zerbltterte Flower
. Kuyambira Hel ankakhala (kumidima), kumene Nanna wotopetsa ndi Baldur, izo
akutuma yaikazi Frigg ndi Fulla Mphatso, mkazi wakale nsalu, chakumapeto golide
chala mphete. Frigg ndi wamkazi amene akulamulira pa conjugal chikondi, chotero
iye akutenga chophimba, amene amapezeka monga batchi wa wapabanja china. Fulla,
Frigg wantchito ndi achinsinsi, ndi virginal kuthamanga tsitsi wamkulu okwatirana
Virgin, kotero chikutikakamiza chinkhoswe mphete. Zophimba ndi mphete yagolide,
amene Nanna akadali amawatumiza ku mdima kumidima pamtima, mwina kanthu
koma maluwa chilimwe. Kodi Thiassis maso ndi Orvandils kuchepetsa chala pansi pa
nyenyezi ndipo pambuyo Friggs hausfrulichem Rocken ndi kuwundana Swedish
Friggerock dzina lake, komanso zamaluwa kapena chomera mayina a milungu
unatengedwa: Baldur a pamwamba, Tys Chisoti, Thor a chipewa, Sif a tsitsi, Friggs
udzu, izo tsopano mukufuna baying Friggs chophimba Fulla Gold Zala. The
zokongola masewera Norway maluwa akuthengo ndi wotchuka; yochepa koma
otentha chilimwe izo angakule ano anthu ambiri alibe zambiri ndi zosiyanasiyana ... Monga ena Thor yaikazi ya zokongola ndi lachonde nyengo, Freyja, Idun, Sif, ndi
mnzanu ndipo amavomereza kuchita kwawo, chotero nawonso imfa Nanna,
chokometsetsa wa miyala yamtengo wapatali kutetezedwa ndi iye lapansi, pita
pafupi, ndipo amasonyeza zamwano kuipidwa ndi, nachwirft iye nyenyezi yaing'ono
anayatsa, kuthamanga pa mapazi ake pamoto.Anayatsa (Litr), mtundu, olemera,
mwatsopano maphatikizidwe oyambirira chilimwe ayenera kukhala pansi pamene
Baldur ndi Nanna kuti phulusa. "
Monga izo tsopano cholinga cha kalatayi kusiya mbewu mu zambiri mulungu
chamoyo chikhalidwe kuoneka ngati munthu tilongembo kudzoza kachiwiri kudya
makamaka pochita zinthu ndi kuwala mulungu Baldur kuti zizindikiro kapena,
wamfupi ndi kosavuta kuti mulithetse okha ndi magalimoto maganizo
kutanthauziridwa ndi kuunika; - Chifukwa mwinamwake German chikhalidwe taper
tsopano, kachiwiri selbstwchsig ndipo, o zokongola wamba, amafuna kuti amavula
yakale yoyendera kuluka, chotero chidakhala kwa ine akale achikunja wlsche Flora
Young German wamkazi Nanna mwina kupereka njira. Ali kale kwa nthawi yaitali
zakale anali ndi phazi m'manda mu herbaria, ndipo posakhalitsa lonse yachilendo

yamakedzana mwina udutse mu mabokosi a nkhani kupuma. A mbadwa mizimu,

Mulungu kachiwiri Mulungu dziko, mwina kubala izo kuuka kwa mbadwa nthaka ndi
Nanna ndikutanthauza ndi kutsogoza latsopano pachimake.
Kudzia chomveka njira vuto lathu poganiza mwina akhoza ambiri amaoneka kuti
sichoncho chotero khama lalikulu kuti akhale, monga zachitikazi. Ndipotu ndiyenera
kupita izo, ngati chidwi zina ine ali kutali angathe kutsatira, monga chikondi
wanditsogolera mfundoyo. Pakali pano, chifukwa chilengedwe cha saona n'kumene
tsopano monga mmene wamba sayansi maganizo ali kwathunthu yokha, ndi nkhani
zambiri malo ndi mfundo mphatso, anali waufupi mankhwala naye cholinga. Mwina
posakhalitsa Komanso kuti funso limene tili okhudzidwa kuno si choncho ayi chidwi
wachita, monga mwina zikuoneka koyamba. Ngati zomera chamoyo kapena ayi,
amasintha lonse view zachilengedwe, ndipo wasankha funso ena ambiri. The lonse
yatsala chikhalidwe kuonerera akadzafutukula ndi chimodzimodzi kunena
motsimikiza, ngakhalenso njira yopita kubweretsa kuwala mbali sanalembedwepo mu
njira wamba.
Schleiden akuti kumayambiriro kwa ntchito yake pa mbewu (p.2):
"Ndinayesetsa mmene zomera pafupifupi kuya Khalidwe la nzeru ndi masoka
sayansi chifupi ndi mmene pafupifupi Ndipotu kapena gulu angathe mfundo,
komanso mu zomera monga mwa wina nthambi za anthu ntchito, lalikulu kwambiri
ndi yotithandiza mafunso ofunika ndi kutsogolera anthu mosamala analipereka kwa
unsuspected zauzimu. "
Inu mwina mukuganiza kuti tikaonetsetsa zinthu mbali ya zomera amenewa
kufunika akhoza kudzitama kwa lililonse la si nkhani mbali n'chochititsa
kanthu. Mundilole chake kutsatira mawu amenewa okha ndi kusintha wanga
analemba kuti ine, osati kuchita zosafunika kuti zikuchitika Buku mfundo phunziro
lathu kwa nzeru ndi kukonda, koma kuyang'ana pa kukumana yekha lalikulu,
n'chiyani ndi changu chipsinjo akupita; monga ine ndikukhulupirira, ndipotu kuti
kudziletsa mosakayika kupeza inu pano pa nkhani imeneyi. A mawu ochepa pano
kutsatira pakhomo la Book!
N'chiyani chathandiza kuti, kuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zolembedwazi, anali
kufuna kugwirizana ndi kufotokoza zifukwa timaonera kulongosola yoona zinthu
zimene analonjeza konse kukhala nkhawa zochita zathu funso. Si anatsutsana ndi
maganizo amene ichi buku akhala anayesa apa, ngati izo ayenera mwinamwake
anaona chomveka yekha zimathandiza kuonjezera chidwi amene adzatenga mfundo
kale pofikira pano mwinamwake; komanso mwina popanda izi, olemekezeka
Kutolere chomwecho, ngati chikhazikitso aliyense kuwaganizira wa zomera, ambiri
kukhala amaopa; Ine ndi pochitika pa chidwi, popanda kutchula phunziro lathu, koma
anawonjezera pang'ono watanthauzo chuma, kukhala ngati anali chabe chokwanira
wofunikila ndi zomwenso (ndalama. makamaka 7, 8, 9, 11 ndi 12 chigawo) katswiri a
katswiri N'zoona, mmalo mwa chulutsa, kupeza mmodzi ntchito chuma chake
kumene izo zikhoza kukhala koma pano kuchita kokha.
Kodi adzakhala otsiriza bwino m'magazini ino?

Ine Entschlage ine ndakatulo Musanyengedwe, ine ndikuganiza, otsatirawa:

Mtsikana wanga mnzake alibe onse cogent maganizo. Ndinu tsopano mwina vuto,
kudzera yabwino kufotokoza chifukwa kuwaphunzitsa ndi Triftigeren. Amamvera
zifukwa kapena ayi, ndipo anati otsiriza losavuta: "ngakhale" ndipo akhala wa
maganizo.
Zimandipangitsa zingakhale zabwino kapena zoipa; inu mwina kuti: "Ngati
kwambiri!"
Koma, apobe! - I ofuna ena chiyembekezo ayi, koma chikhoza osachepera kumva
mtsikanayo kuti ziphuphu, kumene monga momwe tsopano ndi atsikana, nthawi
zonse naye akuthamanga patsogolo kumvetsa, kotero ine ndithu kupulumutsa mavuto
onse. Koma ayenera kutero kenako onse zifukwa akanati kuwomba admirably. Mwa
mtsikana koma ine ndikutanthauza achinyamata nthawi.
d. August 24, 1848.

I. udindo wa chinthu.
Ngakhale kuti anavomereza ndi imodzi wopezeka paliponse, wodziwa komanso
ulamuliro Mulungu amene amakhala ake Ponseponse osati pafupi kapena pamwamba
chikhalidwe, monga ndithudi amam'konda wamba musanyalanyaze mu osadziika
kutsutsana ndi lokha, kotero ndi makanema ojambula wa chirengedwe chonse ndi
umo tizindikira ndendende kudzera Mulungu kale kuzilandira pamlingo winawake,
ndipo palibe m'dzikoli kugwa imeneyi makanema ojambula, kapena mwala kapena
yoweyula kapena mbewu. Kapena ayenera za mzimu wa Mulungu lotayirira
m'chilengedwe momwe maganizo athu amene munakhala mu thupi lathu, osati
monga yomweyo amakakamiza adzapweteke monga mzimu wathu, mphamvu za
thupi lathu? Kenako kukhoza kukhala kosavuta Ambuye yemweyo. Pakali pano,
ngati inu, amene ndithudi kuposa sindimakonda kuchita zonsezi Mulungu
Allgemeinbeseelung chikhalidwe anavomereza, munthu amaona osati
mwachisawawa odzipereka miyoyo ya anthu ndi nyama mu izo, koma ndi maso
mkati yemweyo zina ndi yoyenda yokha payekha miyoyo, iye akuwona zogwirizana
ngati iwo ali ndi ambiri, wapamwamba Mulungu umodzi, komanso ake wamng'ono
gulu okha, ena mofanana wamng'ono moyo mayunitsi ndi anyamata; Zikhumbo ndi
malingaliro, mwina kuposa pamenepo, maganizo ndi volitions, ndi okha, motero kuti
ngakhale wanzeru akonze mzimu umene ukukhala mwa onse ndipo amayendayenda
ndipo ali, ndi kumene zonse moyo ndi kuyendayenda ndi nthawi yomweyo chifukwa
woyera koma iwo ali ndi matanthauzo mwachindunji Choncho kudziwa ndi
ndendende potero zimasonyeza munthu kusudzulana. Ndipo inu mukhoza kudzifunsa
ngati zomera kukhazikitsa suti; ngati nawonso, monga mtima wonse anthu
kusonkhana okha, lokoma mtima, kapena mwina kwambiri unit lokha, pomwepo
Kufikika mwina chidziwitso cha amadziwa Mulungu, koma kuwerengedwa ndi
chidziwitso cha wina aliyense chikhalidwe, pokhapokha mwa mediating
mfundo. Kodi izo ziri chomwecho, kotero zomera kodi ndi anthu ndi nyama kupanga

wamba wotsutsana ndi miyala, madzi ndi mpweya migodi ndi ena otchedwa akufa
zinthu, amene mukudziwa okha chirichonse za iwo wokha, samamva zotengeka ndi
(anazindikira) akuwombera pa yolumikiza gulu okha, koma imvera Mulungu
watipatsa moyo mwa nkhani ya onse, monga co-kuthandizira kuti akhale.
Koma ingathenso kukhala osiyana. Mwina Mulungu moyo amachita zomera monga
mbali, a ambiri chilengedwe monga miyoyo yathu mwa munthu ziwalo za
thupi. Palibe wanga miyendo kumva koma voraussetzlich chinachake okha; Only ine,
mzimu wa dziko lonse, kumva zonse zimene mu izo. Ndipo kotero pakati akanatha
zake moyo zomera kuchokera mu funso, ngati Mulungu mukudziwa zimene
zikuchitika mkatimo iwo, iwo.
Choncho chikhalidwe afuna koma tikambirana mwawamba ndi ouziridwa ndi
Mulungu, ndipo Funso likhoza tidakali undecided ngati chomera kulipira lokha
monga moyo. Only amenewa kudzoza koma ife nthawizonse zikutanthauza
tikapempha mbewu moyo.
Inde, nkhani yoti zomera ndi miyoyo ali kuima zambiri zikuchepa ngati munthu,
monga mwachizolowezi akafuna lingaliro lomveka, abstracted kuchokera makanema
ojambula wa chirengedwe chonse, kapena amakana. Ndiye chamoyo zolengedwa
pakati zina zachilengedwe kuoneka konse ngati zilumba mu nyanja ambiri soulless
akufa; ndi funso ndi mtima kwambiri kuposa kale: tikufuna zomera ku zinyama ndi
anthu pa nocturnal nyanja atamva moyo kuwala kapena miyala ndipo fupa kumira mu
chimodzimodzi?
Ngakhale panopa zimenezi kosakhazikika tiganizira koma kukhudza phunziro lathu
kotero kwambiri kuti ofanana zingasokoneze kutitsogolera kutali, pa kuyambirira
kukambirana za chomwecho. Kukambirana ambiri zikhalidwe za Mulungu ndi
chirengedwe, thupi ndi moyo Zikuonekanso kuti unachitika kuyala maziko, kuti
zizitheka malamulo zimene zimapanga payekha, maganizo umodzi, chikumbumtima
ndi misinkhu yosiyanasiyana kumvetsa kuyambira pachiyambi kukhala kuti
m'pofunika. Only umo tizindikira ntchito ndikufuna kuoneka bwinobwino
wokonzeka kuukira. Koma si kale wotopa a monga kukambirana, ndi amene
adzalamulira nthawi pang'ono zolimba kotero anapambana? Ndipotu, kuchuluka
kwambiri zinthu zanenedwa mpaka mu nkhaniyo, izo Komabe kwambiri yopindulitsa
nkhani kuzamitsa iwo mu mdima koposa kuunika bwino m'mwamba.
Kutenga izi ine kulibwino ndi zolemba renunciation amenewa akuya ndi kugula
zambiri kuyesa kutsikira kwa iye, mpaka mwina muzingopitirira monga kumanga
kwa izo. Munthu angathe N'kuthekanso sankhani maluwa popanda amafukula ndi
mizu, ndipo ngati duwa, ndi mwina zokumbira, zomwe zikutipatsa kenako kuchokera
pansi, ndi okhazikika engraftment mu pomwe malire a munda.
Ndipo kotero kokha pofuna Beiseitlassung wa Verfolgs okha wamenya tiganizira
ndi onse kutali mmbuyo kufika kukambirana konse, zotsatirazi ndi yosavuta kutchula
luso, pa Seraya pang'ono nkhani ndi ambiri Baibulo mosavuta maganizo kuyankha
funso Nkhata, momwe chimodzimodzi maganizo malamulo a zomera monga nyama
ndi unesrer angayambe woganiziridwa, popanda kufuna kudziwa komanso lakuthwa
titha, mu momwe ife kuganiza ngakhale nyama amafanana pa nkhani imeneyi. A

kumunda momveka tiganizira sangakhale pamene ife cholanda kulankhula za psyche

ena okhalapo kuposa tokha, koma mu mpaka tikhoza zimatsatira ife ndithu
analogous, chifukwa palibe munthu wina kuposa moyo wake bids kufotokoza izo,
monga mphamvu kudziko uko. Ndipo ngati ife, mfundo akubwera mu uthenga
mmalo mwa kulemekeza ku nyama imene ife monga analola pa mlingo wokwererapo
mwina amakhulupirira zimene kusewera m'munsi, enclose ndi, kotero ndi mzake
ngati apansi msinkhu, monga nyama chibadwidwe kuchirikiza kumaliza lonse,
kapena ntchito ngati maziko a apamwamba ndipo zimenezi wapeza anamalizidwa.
Choncho tiyeni kudzichepetsa kutsogolo kuti athe kupambana zoposa mokwanira
njira zochokera maganizo achilendo madera moyo. Pakali pano, pofuna akhoza
kuchita chidwi ndi kubweretsa izo koma zinthu njira kutali zedi.

Text original

ob auch sie, als beseelte Individuen fr sich, Triebe und

Empfindungen oder wohl gar mehr zur Einheit fr sich verknpfen,
unmittelbar zugnglich wohl dem Wissen des allwissenden
Gottes, aber unzugnglich dem Wissen jedes anderen Wesens,
es sei denn durch vermittelnde Schlsse.
Contribuu a millorar la traducci

II. General kuukira ntchito.

Kawirikawiri amakana inu chimodzimodzi maganizo malamulo a zomera monga
anthu ndi nyama chifukwa choona wakale kumene yotsirizira satenga thupi gulu ndi
mawu a moyo analogous mokwanira. Ndipo kwenikweni, chitsanzo cha thupi ndi
chinthu chokha chimene waima ife kumapeto kwa wina monga adzikonda yekha
maganizo lamulo, chifukwa ndi peculiarity wa munthu aliyense, ena kuposa okha
Tingaone okha kunja kapena thupi otchulidwa, chifukwa kutanthauzira ife pomalizira
kanthu koposa kufanizira ndi zimene timapeza Ufumuyo moyo wathu
analamula. Ngakhale ambiri nthanthi zosonyeza, imene mukufuna kuyesetsa kuchita
phunziro ili, koma iwo ayenera yochokera pa fanizo; chifukwa ngakhale munthu
zolemba adzaphunzitsa wina tanthauzo ndi udindo mu dziko thupi mbewu, mmodzi
koma basi kutseka chokhala looneka, kunja khalidwe, ngati basi iwo misonkhano
imeneyi tanthauzo, ndiwo chofunika zinthu m'dzikoli chamoyo.
Ine kutseka koma kuti muli ndi moyo ngati ine, koma chakuti amaoneka ngati
chimodzimodzi monga ine, inu behabst kunja analogi, kulankhula, etc., ku
mawonekedwe, zomangamanga, mtundu, kayendedwe, phokoso, akulu thupi
zizindikiro; zimene ndimawona ku moyo wako yomweyo? Nditaika iwo okha mu
zonse izo; ndithu involuntarily ndithudi;koma pali nthawi chinachake mu
Anaika. Nyama amationera ngakhale kale zosiyana anthu, koma amasuntha,
kuyamwitsa, kubala ana, kapena kufuulira ngati ife pa zinthu zina, kuchita, koma
osati onse, zonse izi, koma angapo zimenezi. Choncho, tizindikire iwo ngakhale
chimodzimodzi moyo; Kukoka chokha kukambirana akadali zikuchitika
kusiyana. Koma pamene zomera ife kusagwirizana nthawi yomweyo lonse
moyo; ndipo ngati tili ndi ufulu kuchita izi, adzapatsanso pomwe chabe kukhazikitsa
kuti iwo anamanga ife ndipo ife analogue nyama zomwe dissimilar kuti behaben

kwambiri dissimilar.
Ndithudi, ngati inu mukusowa izi ndi kufunika kufanizira, kuti tipeze moyo,
choncho simungathe afunseni koma m'zonse ndi zopanda malire. Mwinamwake ine
munthu aliyense amene amaona mwanjira zosiyana ndi khalidwe pamene ine, kale
wakuti kuganizira zopanda moyo. Koma iye ali basi osiyana amalankhula ndi
Ine. Kodi mosiyana ine ambiri zidutswa nyongolotsi, mmene mosiyana zake; koma
ine ndikuganiza inenso alindira owuziridwa okha osiyana amalankhula kuposa
ine. Iwo Chifukwa chake zimadalira zomera sangakhoze kuphonya ngakhale
m'nkhaniyi ya makanema ojambula, ife ndi nyama adakali analogi mu
nkhaniyi? Koma awa ofunika khalidwe? Ndani mwa yovuta mavuto amene kupanga
kusintha kwa nyama ndi masamba ufumu panthawi kudumpha kuchokera Beseeltsein
kuti Unbeseeltsein kapena mmodzi akhoza kusochera mu ena?
Ine ndikuganiza mmodzi anapanga yekha omasuka ndipo kukambirana
mokwanira. Kodi ayikidwa patsogolo pa nkhani imeneyi, ndikuona kuti ali ndi ganizo
zifukwa kamodzi olakwika view, kuposa kulingalira kuti ali ndi ufulu ndithu
zambiri. Munthu amataya zambiri zimaoneka zikuluzikulu kwambiri za
maonekedwe, amene akapezedwe osati moyo zomera ndithudi, chifukwa sangapeze
aliyense. Koma m'njira dzuwa kale padziko lapansi, mwamsanga yoyendera
anaphunzitsidwa, amene akanakhoza kukayikira zimene aliyense anaona; koma
tsopano dziko lapansi akupita mozungulira dzuwa m'malo patangopita anaganiza
zosintha mfundo m'maganizo. Tsopano monga ipeze ngakhale yathu pamaso kusintha
maganizo kuti ndazindikira moyo wa zomera awo mumtima malo; amene
anapulumuka ife pa akunja. Koma kanthu kovuta kuposa kupambana pa anthu
kamodzi kusamukira kwathunthu yekha mu malo osiyana, ndipo osati kwa iwo okha,
koma chimene malo awa akuyenera kuyang'ana kumeneko. Chifukwa kumene
sanapeze yekha kachiwiri, iye amakhulupirira kanthu kukhala.
Lang'anani, tikhoza chifukwa palibe bwinobwino atam'pempha umboni wa
Soullessness zomera, kusunga iwo kutsimikiziridwa bwinobwino. Mu zatsopano
Komabe, kukhala ndi maganizo cogently apa, ife apeza zinthu ziwiri makamaka ufulu
kwa mtima, amene ndithudi kwathunthu amaiwala wamba kuonera, potero komanso
kwambiri tsankho imasonyeza: Choyamba, monga chakuti ife kuchokera moyo wa
zomera simuzindikira pang'ono yomweyo, koma pang'ono motsutsana ndi moyo
motere chomwecho chifukwa ndithu kwambiri ndiye wanga wotsatira kwa m'bale
wanga ndi mitundu ina kukhala moyo wotuluka izo: ndipo, kachiwiri, kuti zomera
zimenezi kuoneka osiyana ndi behaben monga anthu ndi nyama, ngakhale anthu ndi
nyama kuyang'ana zosiyana okhaokha behaben kuti inu simungakhoze basi kufunsa,
komanso ayenera ngati kusiyana sangathe kuyenda mopanda tsankho kwa makanema
ojambula zina.
Ndipo kwenikweni, kuti, yomweyo kufotokoza maganizo akuti zifukwa ndi ntchito
yotsatira, ndikuona pa amaona zonse zimene munthu akanatha kupempha fitly
zambiri kumasonyeza makanema ojambula, akadali kukhala zomera komanso
nyama ; onse kusiyanitsa awiri yomanga ndi yofunika zochitika koma ndinazolowera
izo zakale osiyana kwambiri, nyama wowonjezera munda wa makanema ojambula

kupita kumbuyo, osati ambiri munda wa makanema ojambula kunja. Ndipo ngati ena
amakana moyo wa zomera, chifukwa iwo sakudziwa chochita ndi izo, chotero ine
kupempha, chifukwa ine mwinamwake lalikulu chosakwaniritsa zosowa zanga
kusiyana m'chilengedwe njanji kukhala.
Kodi koma kokha chabe kuthetsa ena mfundo zazikulu, zomera kwambiri choncho
bwino, patapita ndithu monga amavomereza ndege, ndi kotero wokha ku lingaliro
lina, bungwe ngati nyama, bungwe pokhapokha zosiyana ndege ; inu mulibe
ngakhale angayerekeze komabe, zomera kukana moyo, chifukwa mmodzi ayankhula
iye tsopano koma moyo, chifukwa izo zikanakhala kwambiri pafupi kuganiza pa dera
lino m'munsi mwa moyo wina ndege ya thupi gulu ngakhale osiyana dongosolo la
moyo gulu iye. Kodi posachedwa mawu a moyo wopanda moyo tanthauzo? Ngati ife
kuvunda chomera zikuoneka akufa, chimene chimasiyanitsa moyo chifukwa cha
iye? Kodi kokha njira ina akufa ndondomeko, inu kukula ndi kuphuka, pamene iye
lawola? Si kusiyana kwa akufa ndi chomera kofanana kwambiri pakati pa amoyo ndi
akufa nyama? Koma tanthauzo la mawu otsutsana kukhala kutali kulira osiyana:
m'kati moyo chomera moyo chopanda Vuto poyerekeza ndi chimodzimodzi moyo
chopanda apasuke mu lawola; m'kati wamoyo nyama pa nthawi ina soulful Vuto pa
chopanda ziyambe kukonzedwa. Koma Vuto yomanga ndi njira ya nyama ndi zomera
si analogous. Ngakhale maziko a maselo zimawonedwa ndithu analogous mu
zonsezo, maselo analenga basi awiri Magulu, anatambasula mzake anasungunuka,
monga kale koma zina zonse nyama ina iliyonse chomera ndi osiyana okha; akafuna
chiyambi cha lonse cell nyumba ya losavuta Selo loyamba mwa chimodzimodzi
zachilendo ndondomeko ya maselo chulutsa si analogous mwa onse; inde zimene
naturalists sindikudziwa kuti mbewu ndi dzira ziwiri zokha zosiyanasiyana za chinthu
chomwecho; mtundu kubala ana ndi analogous mu zonse 1) kuti Linnaeus Mwinanso
kukhazikitsa lonse dongosolo la zomera pa chitsanzo cha awo kugonana; komanso
sewero mphamvu mpaka ananyoza mawerengedwe malinga ndi mfundo zathu
sayansi zimapangidwira, amapezeka awiri ndithu analogous kachiwiri.
1)

Prof. Schleiden ndi ine kuyamba si ovuta chifukwa ine ndikuyembekeza mawu
amenewa.
"The chakudya zinthu limatuluka mu moyo zomera ndi mphamvu mu mlengalenga,
ndi chitunda mmodzi sangafanane ndi wodekha ndi pang'onopang'ono woyamwa ndi
madzi mu akufa chomera minofu. Kuwala ochitachita onse pa kuwuka kwa chakudya
madzi, osati kuchuluka kwa amoyo masamba chamunthuyo kuthirira kwambiri
mphamvu, ndi Komano zikuoneka kuti yemweyo ziwalo akamwalira zinthu; moyo
kuwola ndinso masamba ndi thandizo la kuwala, carbonic asidi mpweya, akufa,
sanasinthe izo, mankhwala masinthidwe kuti pa moyo. chitani mu chomera minofu
mtundu ndi osiyana kwambiri kuposa iwo omwe amatuluka pa akufa zomera ndi
kunja mphamvu, nthawi zambiri yotsirizira pafupifupi osiyana kale, chitukuko mu
m'litali ndi m'lifupi, ndi pamalungo lomwe lili m'mbuyo umuna, ndi kudzutsidwa.
achangu mu mwana wosabadwayo, amene anali kugona ngati mbewu monga zambiri
zochitika kuti akhoza anachokera ku aliyense limodzi yakuthupi kotheratu chifukwa,
ndi kuti ife, n'kofunika ndipo mwina ndi fanizo nyama, mwina anaphunzitsa

mwachindunji ndi wopenya zomera, koma excitability kuyembekezera.

" (DecandolIe, chomera Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa NDI 19)
Koma zomwe si analogous kuti ambiri zochitika za nyumbayo, amoyo ndi kuluka,
chotero kwambiri unanalog kwambiri ambiri, zimene tikuona yekha kwambiri
wamkulu wa zomangamanga, moyo ndi kuluka m'nkhaniyi ndendende; chifukwa
tiyenera kukumbukira yekha, ndi ife kanthu koposa kuti kunja nazo kuti kutseka pa
mkati. M'malo zimenezi n'zimene ambiri mgwirizano pa mfundo zofunika, koma ife
asasiye kusiyana makamaka ndi Nkhani za mbewu ku moyo, chifukwa chakuti
tsopano musati komanso kukhala tsatanetsatane wa nyama; zimene koma basi
zifukwa kuganiza kuti moyo wake si kupereka zonse tsatanetsatane wa nyama
moyo. The General ayenera kuti General, ndipo amakhulupirira kuti makamaka
munthu; koma pamene ife tikuyang'ana pa mbewu tsopano, tiyenera zikutanthauza
kusiyana kwambiri ambiri a psyche, kusankha kwake pakati wokhalapo osati
kusiyana wapadera Makhalidwe a thupi.
Kuti miyoyo akhoza bungwe mogwirizana kwambiri osiyanasiyana tarp kapena
pansi zosiyanasiyana, anthu unalidi osiyana zomera ndi m'nkhaniyi, nyama ndi
zosiyana ndi chidziwitso. Choncho wolemera chidzalo cha thupi akalumikidzidwa,
wolemera chidzalo kugwirizana moyo masanjidwe: imodzi zimadalira ena. Tsopano
ali ndi mkhalidwe wa nyama mwina osiyana Zolinga za zomangamanga ndi moyo
corporeal sanayambebe wotopa, koma mu zomera zonse zatsopano ufumu
anawonjezera kuti, Kodi n'chifukwa chiyani kapadera ife madera, ndi kusintha
amenewa nthawi yomweyo kuti mumamwa polenga okhudza Soul ndege anakhalabe
arrears, anthu ngati amenewa ayenera kukhala wochepa wamkulu kuposa corporeal,
popeza ife mwinamwake munda wa maganizo formations mwina kuposa kugwira wa
nkhaniyo.
Mwina avomere, chododometsa zomera moyo mwa chikhalidwe ndi maganizo
kutanthauzira? Koma N'chifukwa chiyani kukhala miyoyo yomwe kuthamanga uko,
kulalata ndiponso kudya; sanapereke miyoyo imene imayambirira kuphuka akadali,
kununkhiza, ndi slurping a chingwe ludzu lawo, ndi masamba akuwombera awo
chilakolako nayenso motsutsa kuyere akhutitse apamwamba
kufunitsitsa? Sindinadziwe chimene kuthamanga mokuwa akanatero pa Seraya
pamaso maluwa ndi kununkhira kwa chilolezo ayenera kukhala onyamula
zamatsenga ntchito ndi zotengeka; si utali tating'ono anamanga ndi
chokongoletsedwa fanizo bwino chomera ayenera kukhala wochepa woyenera
kunyadira moyo kuposa shapeless mawonekedwe a woyipa
nyongolotsi? Zikuwoneka unyolo ife soulful monga amaiwala ine? Zikuoneka kuti
tikhale mdima burrowing pansi kwambiri vumbulutso la ufulu mopupuluma ndi
kumverera ngati iye Empor struts pamwamba pa dziko lapansi wopambana ufumu wa
kuunika, iye wosakhazikika chilengedwe, ndi maganizo akusisita? Koma kanthu kuti
zomera kumene ife palimodzi, bungwe, chokongoletsedwa, anakhalabe. Basi pamene
ife tikuwona bungwe anapanga kupambana chinachake ndithu atsopano mu moyo
pano, ndi mofanana kusamala bungwe ife tizichoka bungwe mwadzidzidzi salinso
ntchito, kutaya lonse theka, chifukwa izo sizimawoneka ngati ena. Tsopano,
kuyambira zomera ali ngati ambirimbiri chopanda nyumba. Nature anali mwina

nkhani zokwanira kumanga nyumba, koma mzimu mokwanira n'kulidzaza. Pambuyo

bricked onse nyama miyoyo zawo, iye ankadziwa naye kuchuluka kwa maselonjerwa osati kuyamba chimene, ndi zina zokhudzana nachffendem pastimes kwa
chopanda zomera padziko lonse. Koma ine ndikutanthauza, kani, ngati iwo anali
maganizo mokwanira kuti mbewu mitundu, iwonso anali zimasiyana zikhulupiriro
miyoyo moti anawaika Chiwerengerochi; chifukwa chinthu chimodzi mwina mzaka
atapachikidwa pa ena.
Mwina amati: EI ngati Mulungu kukhudza moyo imafalira wonse wa chilengedwe
zomwe view anali kuikidwa Pachithunzipa pamwamba lokha, chotero zomera ali
bwanji chopanda moyo, kuti iwo alibe moyo zake. Mkuluyu mzimu wa izo ndi
kuwomba ndiye.
Koma kodi ndi vertrge ndi mayamwidwe mu Allgemeinbeseelung kuti aliyense
mmera zinayenda okha minutest tsatanetsatane ndipo anabweretsa kotero sonderliche
mawonekedwe, monga ayeneranso wapatali kwambiri mwa iye, mwa iye, iye,
chichitike; kuti maonekedwe ndi chikhalidwe mtima payekha ndi dissolves
kuchokera kunja dziko; ndipo kulemera aikidwa pa izo nthawizonse adzikonzenso
lokha ndi kubwereza Komabe, mwinamwake limalira mitundu ndi njira loyenda
osayanjanitsika mu dziko lakunja ndi kusintha.Sizidzachitika ndendende motere
mbewu ya deliquescent m'nyanja yoweyula, kumbuyo ndi hergestoenen, aliyense
mawonekedwe ndi aliyense chierengero likugwirizana mwala kwa kwambiri monga
nyama, amene sitingathe kuchita china chilichonse chizindikiro cha Loshebung
chifukwa cha Allgemeinbeseelung? Inde, wopezeka paliponse Mzimu ikuwomba
kupyola mu chomera; koma basi monga zolengedwa zina, nkhaniyi si awo munthu
kudziyimira pawokha ndi mipiringidzo. Izi ndi zimene Mulungu okongola kwambiri
moyo, yokhotakhota mu payekha zolengedwa. Tiyeni zomera chabe a Mulungu
ozama mzimu zambiri, si kukuchititsa kuti moyo kuposa mwala ndi mafunde, ndipo
sizithandiza Mulungu yekha mbali zake zomveka bwino kanthu. Osati moyo wathu
maganizo kwambiri ndi chiphadzuwa kwambiri munthu analenga? Only kuti sikuti
iye tifulumizane ku zimene Mulungu woyera, ndimangoona kudziona wozindikira
mizimu kubala. Momwemo Mulungu ndi Allah.
Ndipotu, Ine ndikufunseni inu ngati inu amalemekezanso mawu abwino
kuphatikiza pandekha zobwezedwa zogwirizana achidule yofunika zochitika mu
mbewu umaoneka ngati nyama zambiri kodi amafuna kuona komanso chizindikiro
ndi chisonyezo cha wamoyo munthu moyo, koma popeza inu simungathe ngakhale
kuona moyo yokha? Tilankhula za izo, koma ndithudi! Mwina mbewu sangathe
kulowa kwambiri m'nkhaniyi, kwenikweni; koma si nthawi n'zotheka kupereka
kwambiri? Kunama mphamvu osati ndendende m'bukuli n'kotheka, monga momwe
ali ofunika? Monga ambiri simupeza kudikira mfundo wofunika makanema ojambula
kuyambira pachiyambi, chifukwa chirichonse ali kutumikira Special anasonyeza
mwapadera ya makanema ojambula.
Ine ndikukhulupirira kuti mtengo mosavuta onse mikangano kuti ife tikhoze asiye
particulate maganizo awo miyoyo, motsutsana athu kubwerera. Kodi Free zotero
nthambi mbali zonse amayambitsa tsamba pambuyo masamba ndi adakonzeka ndi

latsopano, wobadwa awo. Ife kulenga kunja kwa thupi yokongola ndi Muonetsetse
kuti thupi lathu, monga iye kachiwiri. Mukhozanso ndikuganiza thereto kanthu
akanakhoza kupanga za moyo. Sitikudziwa thamanga momasuka chikhalidwe,
iwo; Ife kuchita zinthu zina kuposa ife; koma alankhula kusakhazikika gadding
mpaka mthenga mu mphepo yaitali iye Beseeltsein monga chachititsa ntchito ya
kuchoka anakonza amazionera, ntchito ya ena, koposa ntchitoyo payokha? Koma
ngati tidziwa kuti sitinali kupita chopanda moyo kulowerera za ngati nthenga pansi,
tikudzia bwanji izo? Koma chifukwa tili ndi makhalidwe. Ndipo ngati sitikudziwa
ku chomera kuti amaona injini poyendetsera okha, kodi ife tikudziwa izo? Yankho
akadali pafupi basi: chifukwa tilibe zomera lokha. Chifukwa chomwechi komanso
mbewu anakhoza monga tanthauzo wathu mayendedwe m'dzikoli ndi moyo
chopanda kugwira kuposa masika. Ngakhale, iye anali ndi chifukwa ndi kuonerera,
izo zikhoza zochita zathu zenizeni zolinga, kuyenda monga mwa malamulo
zindikirani ankapezeka kuti si monga wangwiro coincidences a kunja abulusa
ankadalira monga galimoto ya masika. Koma kubweretsa pakamwapo mkati, kotero
ife anapambana; chifukwa si amayendetsa mbewu atapita zolinga, malinga ndi
malamulo amene ali popanda lofotokoza mwachisawawa zotsatira? Koma inu
adzakhala ambiri amakonda awo khalidwe malinga malamulo kumenyana naye
Beseeltsein. Tiyeni tsopano; Ndikumvetsetsa Patapita (VII).
Kodi si kale ambiri nkhani ya dziko kuti moyo ndi kuti thupi kumanga lokha
monga wokhala? Koma palibe chitsanzo chabwino ngati zimenezi osati mawu yekha
kukula chomera, kuona okha kuchokera kunja kwa nyumbayi kuti akhale looneka
ndege internally-kumanga zolengedwa ndithu; monga mwinamwake pomanga
munthu ndi nyama. A bwino Mwachitsanzo, iwo Komabe, ngakhale monga munthu
ndi nyama lokha, amene moyo thupi chimamangirira mwa chinsinsi mdima yekha
amapezeka ndi pafupifupi wamala kukonziwa kuwala; nchifukwa chake ifenso
tikhulupirira kuti mokwanira kudzapereka yomanga mwa mdima
kukomoka. Yosiyana ndi mbewu. Muyamba kanthu kale, basi kuyambira kumanga
atangomaliza anafika kuwala, amalenga anapitiriza pakati, inde chifukwa cha zonse
zosintha moyo kuno, ngakhale apamwamba kuti iye akufuna kuti maluwa. Koma
chifukwa ndendende tikhoza moyo wa mbewu sindikufuna kuyerekeza ndi
embryonic moyo, ngati mmene ena achitira. Koma mwachionekere, wachita cholinga
zachilengedwe, payenera kukhala anthu amene anatsogolera miyoyo yawo kwambiri
mu chilengedwe ndi kamangidwe ka awo ziwalo, ndi ena amene Motero zinachititsa
ntchito kunja miyoyo yawo; nsonga ya chisokonezo supplementing miyoyo yawo
kuti adzatipatsa Patapita (VIII) kutali tiganizira nthawi, chotero ine kuimitsa pano.
Ndikuona kuti sitikuyenda basi cleverer tili chiweruzo cha udindo wa zomera
m'chilengedwe monga North America mbuli kusiyanitsa amene kusiyanitsa m'malo
akazi, amuna neuter jenda mu chinenero, zamoyo ndi zopanda moyo, koma tsopano
ndi chamoyo okhalapo nyama ndi mitengo, kuoneratu lopanda zitsamba ndi
miyala. Kodi kupusa, tinganene kuti ndife anzeru kwambiri kuposa mbuli tikuona
kuika m'chimake malire a moyo pakati pa mitengo ndi zitsamba, chifukwa mitengo
yaikulu ndi moyo wautali kuposa kutsogolera zitsamba.Zopusa bwanji mzimu
adzatiuza, limene mpaka pano pang'ono kuposa njira za m'mayiko a European

m'munsi kukhazikitsa malire a nyini Enlivened mmodzi pakati pa nyama ndi zomera,
chifukwa chakuti zomera mwa njira ina iliyonse kupereka miyoyo yawo kudziwika
monga nyama.
Ana amafuna, pamene ang'ono, musati Nthawi zambiri tsekwe ntchito kwa
mbalame. The tsekwe anaimba ndi ntchentche si choncho. Kodi ife ndife osiyana ndi
anthu ana aang'ono ngati ife sitikufuna zomera angatanthauze chamoyo okhalapo,
chifukwa iwo salankhula ndi kuyenda.
Alimi kuwona mizukwa usiku, ngakhale kuti pali chifukwa tamva mwana wa
mizukwa amene amalimbana usiku; chimene ife tiri mosiyana anthu alimi, ngati ife
mu masiku amene ali m'thupi apo, sindikufuna kuona mizukwa, chifukwa tidaumva
kwa mwana, iwo sadzakhala kumeneko. Ndipotu, ndi chimodzimodzi zikhulupiriro,
mwa n'zosiyana malangizo, mukufuna kuwona mizukwa usiku, zimene siziri
pamenepo, ndi mizimu masana sindikufuna kuona bwanji munthu.
A nzeru zapamwamba, amene akufuna kusonyeza kuti ife kuti zomera alibe moyo,
izo Ndithu, sizitheka zovuta. Popeza kwambiri nzeru za machitidwe wamkulu okha
ndi chifukwa maganizo oti zomera mulibe moyo, ndi kumene kuchokera ambiri
kachiwiri kumusiya anamaliza. Inu konse koma kuti, kwambiri nzeru za dziko akhoza
kupereka kuganiza kuti zonsendi zolemba kutsimikizira kuti pamwamba okha kuti
mfundo imeneyi ya umboni kudzera kukwera kuchokera pansi angathe
kutenga. Komabe, iwo ali Dawn la pansi mtima kuli ndi ofala wamba maganizo
kuchokera pamene iye anafika pa nsonga, komabe mwina avomereze yekha; kutsalira
wa mfundo pa nkhani ili Choncho samatsimikizira zokha kuvomereza wamba
mumaona nkhani Ine adzadza kwa chomwecho. N'zoona kuti nthawi iliyonse
dongosolo yokha kuti akhutire, ayenera kufuna kupanda Pflanzenbeseelung, ayenera
kupeza zifukwa kachiwiri komanso kugwirizana kwake; koma zimene posachedwa
anaonetsa ndi zifukwa, ngati wina kugwirizana akhoza kukhazikitsa, limene
pamapeto ake cogency adzaitana pa kudzoza kwa zomera ndi Choncho kachiwiri
kupeza zifukwa woyera. Pomaliza, ndikudabwa chimene dongosolo Malinga
remanded cogent zifukwa. Kuti tsopano chathu, okhoza kulibe moyo ndi kupanga
dziko la miyoyo moyo, adzapanga wokongola kuposa anyamata kachitidwe, amene
m'manda izi wonse gawo mu usiku zikuoneka kuti aunikire kuyambira
pachiyambi; ndipo ngati kukongola si chida ndithudi, kuti wamba choonadi
anapambana, izo amawerengedwa koma pambuyo kulumikiza choonadi ndi
kukongola Kumwambamwamba m'maboma kwa anthu amene anagonjetsa ambiri.
Hereinafter, nthanthi kutisokoneza, umene pa yachilendo kachitidwe uku, nthawi
pang'ono kulemera kwa ife. Chitsanzo chimodzi kungakhale kokwanira kupereka
chitsanzo amenewa akukana kuchita, monga momwe tingachitire mu dziko
Quick; chifukwa ife sitikufuna wathu Vorsatze kukhala osakhulupirika, amakonda
kupewa nthanthi kukambirana kuposa kutaya tokha mu izo.
The nzeru zapamwamba amapereka z. B. chifukwa aliyense antecedent tiganizira
mtundu chiwembu kuti mphamvu ya moyo, moyo, ndi mzimu zinthu wina ndi
mnzake, awiri otsiriza iye amakhala ovuta ukwati, monga izo zimachitika mu
moyo. Zikuoneka kuti chibwenzi kuchokera mpaka wina siteji kafukufuku, ndi

kuitana kwa chifaniziro cha misinkhu yosiyanasiyana mu weniweni chikhalidwe

chake zomera chimadza lokha pa zauzimu ndi moyo chopanda siteji kuima. Man
monga udachitikira akuimira kuchotsedwa onse m'munsi misinkhu, chimaperekedwa
ndi apamwamba poyambira. Iye ali mogwirizana za umoyo ndi moyo kapena mzimu
kapena kuganiza. Chinyama, sitepe imodzi m'munsi, ayenera kukhala okhutira ndi
mphamvu ya moyo ndi moyo; chomera, ngakhale phazi limodzi m'munsi, ndi
chosowa umoyo; pa galasi akusowa ndiye komanso mphamvu ya moyo; iye ndithu
akufa, chabe agwera mawotchi ndondomeko. Chiwembu n'zoonekeratu ndi zabwino
ndipo akutenga zabwino kwambiri, ngakhale ine sindikufuna unganene kuti ndi kuti
akatswiri onse;aliyense akhoza okha; koma ziribe kanthu; izo zonse zimabwerera ku
chinthu chomwecho chikhalidwe anamvera palibe onse, ndi chitsanzo chimodzi ndi
ngati wina. Timatsatira zimene anapatsidwa, ine ndikuganiza kuti chithunzithunzi cha
zopanda moyo mphamvu ya moyo wokha wokha anawuka kuchokera lamulo
zopanda moyo zomera ndi mwinamwake alibe mizu kwenikweni; kotero inu
mukhoza kufuna kanthu kutsimikizira ake kukhazikitsidwa chammbuyo kwa zopanda
moyo zomera. Kodi inu pa kopanda, kotero inu ndisataye; inu kupambana chifukwa
moyo, komwe kale palibe anali. Zomera tsopano salinso wamng'ono mwangwiro
monga soulless okhalapo nyama; koma kuwonjezera bungwe monga mtundu wina wa
chamoyo okhalapo, kapena wamng'ono mwa mtundu wa makanema ojambula imene
pali mipata chakuti si wotopa nyama, monga momwe tidzaonera zina; chithunzi
chasintha kalezo; ndipo ngati ife kuuika pambuyo pake, akhoza kusaganizira ngati
pamwambapa. Koma tsopano analola kuti n'zotheka wina chiwembu kutsogolera ife
kuona yomweyo mukuona koyenera, popanda kuona ngati kwenikweni khalidwe la
mbewu komanso limafanana; makamaka chifukwa ine ndikukhulupirira kuti
kuyambira okhwima chiwembu, woyera n'kuonetsetsa superordination konse
sitingachitenso kufunsa pano. Mayiko, sharpness ndi neatness, chimene chili
pamwambapa chiwembu, kutsimikizira pokana yake molondola; tsiku ndi tsiku ndi
ola lililonse chikhalidwe limayenda ofufuza chidwi kuti mayiko, sharpness ndi
neatness ndi wosiyana kuposa kuti oyika ake.
Mwina Koma pali zina nzeru za anthu amene amavomereza zomera Chophweka
moyo; Koma ndiye ndithudi, kokha potenga moyo wa onse, kupangitsa moyo. Palibe
ambiri kuposa matabwa chitsulo mu nzeru. Pamene ine ndiyankhule pa gawo langa la
moyo, payekha moyo wa zomera, ine ndamva motsimikizira si lingaliro kapena
abwino mgwirizano pakati amene ndimazindikira mu zosiyanasiyana awo dongosolo
ndi moyo, ngakhale kuti zimenezi anganene kuti kudzitsutsa cholinga ndi
akukalamila mgwirizano wa moyo wawo chofunikira ndi ayenera; Koma ine ndifunse
izi ngakhale kuti. A moyo adzasenza ine pakokha si chinyezimiro, anaponyedwa
wina, kukhala, koma nyama ndi kuchuluka omveka bwino zotengeka ndi
zikhumbo. Osati chimene ndiri nacho mwa iye, koma chimene ine ndiribe mwamuna,
akupanga moyo. Lingaliro la chimene wina akhoza kufuna kapena kupeza mwa ine
akufuna ine sindiye zokwanira monga moyo wanga. Choncho, zimene zimathandiza
mbewu, ngati wina akufuna kuona zambiri umodzi, maganizo awo dongosolo ndi
zochitika za moyo ndiyeno mukuti, insofar monga ali moyo pamene kukoma okha,
kapena kumva, kapena fungo lake. Ine sindikutanthauza izo ndi moyo wa zomera,

monga ena anali kunena naye, ndikuona kuti si wachifundo kwa iye. Koma si monga
ngati zimene ife kuzindikira kuti moyo wa moyo, mu mbewu monga, koma potentia,
mmene mungalankhulire, zobisika, nthawizonse tulo. Kutengeka ndi mtima wofuna
kugona ali basi osati zomverera ndi chilakolako; ndipo ngati ukhoza kuitana miyoyo
yathu mu tulo moyo koma chifukwa iwo kunyamula zinthu reawakening zotengeka
ndi chilakolako palokha, sizingawachitikire amatchula moyo, komwe kale kuchita
zimenezi kudzuka. Ndikulembera Choncho mbewu moyo, kotero ine ndimakonda
kuvomereza kuti munthuyo akhoza tisagone monga uthenga wathu, koma osati
nthawi zonse akugona; ndiye kuti zinali zomveka kwa ine akadali kum'lakwira
ndikufuna kuti ndiyankhule za moyo wa zomera, monga ngati ndikufuna kulankhula
za moyo wa mtembo, akhala kumva koma kamodzi maso.
Pakali pano, osati nzeru za anthu, wamba maganizo kukhudzana pamodzi nafe,
ndipo amaphunziro zikuoneka koyamba ndi zambiri kulemera kwakukulu anali
kukhala kwa ife kuposa kukhulupirira kuti kupeza nzeru za anthu, amene mizu ife
tsankho-ngakhale ambiri ngakhale zochita za lonse ndi otetezeka
mwagwirizana. Amene pakati pathu, kumachitika kuganiza za moyo wa zomera, ndi
adzawapatsa pano amenewa amaitcha, izo adzayang'anitsitsa kwambiri monga
kwambiri osagwira mayeso. Tsopano ndithu mwaluntha anayamba ziweto limene
mgwirizano uwu yochokera; kumverera kuti onse omwe akusokoneza palokha
palokha, kuli, ndipo kuchokera palibe amene akudziwa mmene anabwera kwa
iye. Koma Zoonadi amasonyeza kuti izo wachokera kwa chirengedwe, kuti kwambiri
pa chikhalidwe cha zinthu atagona zifukwa anthu kotero involuntarily, ndipo nthawi
zambiri maganizo ake akhala akulimbikitsa kutchulidwa. Ambiri, amene anganene,
ndipo zosiyanasiyana mbali mukufuna sonyezani zimene ife mwachidule
mosalingalira, popanda izo momveka otani mwatsatanetsatane. Koma koposa ena
tingakhale otsimikiza kuti musanyalanyaze, chotero ankaimba kanthu olakwika mu
maganizo. Muyenera zichokere apamwamba gwero, monga akutuluka anthu zolakwa,
ndipo ngati penapake, apa mawu umakhala, kuti anthu a mawu ndi mawu a
Mulungu. Kodi tikuona chikhulupiriro m'miyoyo yathu dereinstige kuyendetsa
Choncho okha kwambiri kuti iye ali chinyengo pokambiranapo osati kwakhala
kofunika mwa kulingalira kuti zambiri kufalitsa pakati ngakhale rawest
anthu? Choncho Ndithu ife tikukhulupirira kuti miyoyo yathu adzakhala ndi moyo
tsiku limodzi, choncho ndithu tiyenera kukhulupirira kuti moyo wa zomera sakhala
tsopano. Chifukwa ndi chikhulupiriro liri quasi-masoka mtundu
Njira imeneyi ali zambiri kuwala, ndi kulondola kumene zimasokoneza udindo
wawo; koma ayenera kusamala mwa iye, mwinamwake zambiri chiphunzitso
chonyenga mungafunike zifukwa potero. Akufuna yekha ndi Mose ndi aneneri
kuwerenga Job ndi Masalmo, ife tikupeza kuti Ayuda akale amene anali akadali
monga yochezera zida vumbulutso la Mulungu, kwa zaka zambiri monga pang'ono
chikhulupiriro chake cha moyo wa okha, pamene ife tsopano zamatsenga moyo wa
zomera; ndi imfa mwa iwo anali kuchokera chirichonse; ndipo amene iwo moyo wa
pambuyo pa imfa, kuuka akanati ankakonda kulankhula, akanakhala kusamalidwa
bwino chifukwa kwambiri wopusa kuposa iye amene tsopano amalankhula kwa
moyo moyo wa zomera. Kodi imeneyi inali nthawi yaitali mawu a Mulungu, monga

izo zinali mawu a anthu? Koma moyo anaukitsidwa kenako ku manda a Sheol
nawo; ndi trstlicherer chikhulupiriro kusanduka ndipo wakhala mawu a anthu, ndipo
timaona kuti mawu a Mulungu. Komanso moyo wa zomera, limene lili mu manda
monga chikhulupiriro chathu m'tsogolo chikhulupiriro anaukitsidwa tsiku lina, ndipo
chikhulupiriro ichi akanakhoza mu tsogolo mawu a anthu, ndipo anthu ambiri
kukhulupirira umene mizu, amatengedwa kuti mawu a Mulungu. N'zoona kuti
ngakhale ena zimenezo kusintha nkhani, inenso amayembekeza ndi
kukhulupirira; chifukwa kanthu bleaker kuposa panopa, anthu onse moyo
m'chilengedwe akhungu ndi ogontha, ndi mwini yekha soulless, view zachilengedwe.
Chenjezo tisamaganizire kwambiri pa ulamuliro wathu mgwirizano pa Soullessness
zomera adzapitiriza kuchisonyeza kotero cogent, ngati ife tikuzindikira kuti zimene
imeneyi ndi Anthu a amtengo nafe, izo si njira chilengedwe. Mamiliyoni Ahindu ndi
zina yaiwisi mitundu kwenikweni akugwira zomera chamoyo; chifukwa iwo
anachokera zosiyana pankhani ya chikhalidwe. Tsopano ndithudi tingaone pankhani
zonse kunama yoposa zachilengedwe, kukhala wanzeru kwambiri kuposa Ahindu ndi
anthu ena yaiwisi mitundu ngati ayi, Zinasintha mwa kulemekeza zimene igwera mu
dera moyo wachibadwa, amafuna funso kukhala.
Sakontala limati mu wotchuka sewero, "Ndikuona chikondi cha mlongo kwa
zomera"; inde pamafunika mwamwambo kutsanzikana ndi chomera.
Kale lamulo buku la Menyu 2) kuti akadali tsopano amasangalala ndi ulamuliro pa
anthu onse ku India, Tangoganizani adzapeza motere:
Chap. I., 49. (11.) "The nyama ndi zomera, atazungulira multiform Mdima, amene
chifukwa cha kale zochita mumtima chikumbumtima ndipo amaona zosangalatsa ndi
ululu."
Chap. IV., 32. (124.) "Munthu aliyense ayenera kukhala chinachake
mwachilungamo ndi lamulo, popanda owononga banja lake, onse wozindikira, nyama
ndi mbewu monga, mpaka kusunga okhalapo."
2)

Hindu lamulo buku kapena menyu malamulo a pambuyo Cullucas

anafotokoza mu Engl. Trans. Jones, therefrom ku German ndi Httner. Weimar
1797th

Chap. V., 40. (168.) "udzu zomera, ziweto, mitengo yaikulu, achule ndi mbalame,
yawonongeka chifukwa cha wovulalayo, kulowa m'dziko lotsatira kuti zapamwamba
kubadwa."
Chap. XI, 143. (p 420.) "Pamene munthu wina unvorstzlicher njira mitengo ya
zipatso, zambiri herbaceous zomera, mmwamba-kuthamanga zomera kapena amene
kukula pambuyo kuchepetsa nthawi, malinga anali pachimake pamene owonongeka
yawonongeka, Iye ayenera kubwereza mazana mawu Beda. "
145. "Ngati munthu pansi khungu udzu mitundu mwachisawawa popeze ndi
wastefully, amene nakulitsa kapena kuti kukula paokha m'nkhalango, ayenera

kutumikira ng'ombe tsiku ndi kokha kutenga mkaka."

146. "Mwa izi penances mtundu wa anthu angathe kugwirizanitsa machimo a
wozindikira zolengedwa chinaperekedwa vorsetzlichen kapena unvorsetzlichen
kuwonongeka." 3)
3)

The mu XI. No. 143 ndi No. 145 anakonza chilango pansi ena ambiri, amene
anakonza kupha nyama. Ndicho 144 amatanthauza kupha tizilombo, tikukhala
mu mbewu, zipatso ndi maluwa.

Mu Meiners, mbiri ya zipembedzo (NDI 215) ndinawerenga zotsatirazi ndimeyi:

"The Talapoinen mu ku Siam kutambasula lamulo kupha osati zawozo
zikuphwanya kupereka zonse zomera ndi mbewu kapena majeremusi zomera monga
anthu ndi nyama chifukwa amakhulupirira kuti chirichonse moyo, anauziridwanso
kukuwonongani !. mtengo ndi kuswa nthambi ya mtengo monga pang'ono, pamene
kulemaza munthu. Inu musadye zosapsa zipatso, osati mbewu kuwononga
chomwecho, kuli mitima okha. Mu anafunika kudziletsa, izo sizikuwoneka popanda
chilolezo, amene wotani moyo wataya popanda iye cholakwika; ngakhale nyama.
" (Kuchokera Loubre, Descript. Du Royaume de A ku Siam. Amsterd. 1700. L P.81)
Ine ndikufuna izi apo kukumbukira hamadryads akale, amene ngati ali ndi
kukhulupirira enieni makanema ojambula a mitengo salinso ndikufuna kuimira
komanso m'masiku, koma akanatha yekha wotero lamulo. The mwano amuna
chilichonse ouziridwa m'chilengedwe. Aigupto analambira zomera: "Quibus haec
nascuntur mu hortis numina" anatero Juvenal (Sat. XV.).
Carus N'chifukwa chake kulakwa kunena (Psyche p.113.): ". Ngakhalenso wathu
kapena Andren zinenero za moyo wa mbewu munayamba yakuti"
Ngakhale pakati pathu amakono Sinthani Mwamakonda Anu ulibe ndithu pa
zitsanzo za amene amakhulupirira kuti moyo wa zomera.
Percival agwira chuma cha mbewu, mizu yake kumalo kumene mungapeze zedi
chakudya, masamba ndi mapulaniwo kutalikitsa kwa kuunika, kuti mbali ya
chifuniro, zimene sakanatha ndinaganiza za popanda zogirigisha. (Transact. Soc. Of
Manchest.)
Fe Smith komanso amakhulupirira kuti chomera kutengeka ndi zimene zimachitika
chifukwa, pamlingo winawake chimwemwe sizingakanidwe kuti iwo amagwira kuti
nzothandiza kayendedwe z. B. awo masamba ndi stamens. (Smith, Introd. Kuti
zomera. 2 Mkonzi. 5.)
Bonnet, Vrolik, F. Hedwig ndi Ludwig amakonda kupita mphoto mbewu
zotengeka.
Martius amaika zomera ku osati moyo komanso yemweyo wosafa. (. Martius: The
kusafa kwa chomera, choyimira; malankhulidwe Stuttgart 1838 ..) - ine ndikudziwa

izi akulemba mosadziwika.

Monga mwayi, pambuyo ambiri ndi zokwera kulankhula mawu a anthu kukhalabe
zoipa mawu kapena osalephera? Koma tsopano akuloa komanso chakuti ife
ngakhale adzalanga anthu oipa mawu ina inde mawu tokha mabodza, ndi mawu
zambiri kuposa masoka mawu angathe kuonedwa monga anthu, ine ndikutanthauza
mawu a ndakatulo ndi kusinkhasinkha maganizo , Pamene ife amakana moyo wa
zomera, tiyenera mulimonse mosalekeza ndakatulo monga moyo zithunzi za zomera,
ngati kuti chamoyo, ndikumverera bwinobwino anafika miyoyo yawo. Ndithudi
samakhulupirira ndi kumvetsa izo, koma ngakhale izi kusakhulupirira, zinthu zambiri
kuwonetseredwa mwa ife involuntarily mkati tanthauzo la chikhulupiriro, ndipo
mwina kuchita zambiri ngati ife si nthawi zonse ndinaganiza zinali kulakwitsa. Ndipo
tsopano ndinena: izo ndi m'malo chikhalidwe cha malingaliro athu anaika kosalekeza
akuswa latsopano pansi panobe. Pakuti chinachake Anerzogenes ziphunzitso
zimenezi, chifukwa njira kuyang'ana pa chikhalidwe Anerzogenes kuti choyambirira
ndipo mwamsanga njira pathupi izo, mwina ndi kutali; koma iwo atakula kuchokera
amenewa kudzikonda; monga usilikali akufuna kuimira, chifukwa chakuti sangachite
kuponyedwa ngakhale ena kuposa maganizo athu pa anthu, ndiwo boma
zachilengedwe mwatsatanetsatane; Koma tsopano Zinthu Zinasintha. Mochuluka
kwambiri ndi kuvomereza kuti anali osavuta kutaya moyo wa mbewu kuposa nyama
asakuoneka mu kuchotsa izi boma la chilengedwe, chifukwa chitsanzo cha yotsirizira
nafe sikuti mwachindunji kwambiri; koma izi zokha ankagwirizana, si kofunika njira
imene tsopano ukuimira maganizo athu pa nkhaniyi. Kuganiza za soulless, zomera
angaganize kuti ife mwadzidzidzi, koma analimbikitsa pofika zambiri pa njira pano,
monga taphunzira kuyang'ana pa iwo monga zimene zimaoneka; ndipo basi motere
zauzimu kuganizira, ife utenge zimene tiyenera izo mu dongosolo; chifukwa
maganizo adzakhala kupeza mzimu ngakhale pamene diso sakuona iye.
Ndipotu, kodi tingatani kudabwa ngati ife sanaganize za kuganiza za moyo wa
zomera, popeza ife kuyambira pa unyamata wake ndi zomera apeza kumva nkhani
ngati angakhale a moyo chimodzimodzi kuchokera ku funso. Ife sindikutsutsa
osiyana zomera ku imfa kuposa Achimuhamadi, Akhristu ku gehena. Kodi n'zoona
pakati makolo, aphunzitsi, mu mzikiti, mu msewu uliwonse monga zosachita mapeto,
monga mmene sinkage achinyamata Muslim maganizo zoona? Iye awawona Giaours
chiweruzo pa nkhope olembedwa. Kotero ife kudzala soulless. Mu Raff a Natural
History (tsamba 12) ndinawerenga chimodzimodzi ndi tanthauzo la mbewu, "mbewu
ndi zomera womera padziko lapansi ndipo ali wamoyo, koma alibe kumverera ndipo
simungakhoze kusuntha kwa chinthu." Ndipo inu anaphunzitsa mwanayo si choncho
lofotokoza mawu, iwe kuchita koma kuti mwina amaona kusiyana inu pakati zomera
ndi nyama mfundo za kudzoza.
Inu ngakhale auza mayi mwana wake m'malo: Taonani, mwana wanga, ndi maluwa
pang'ono adzakhala ngakhale moyo wake umene Mulungu anamupatsa, ngati inu,
basi mwa njira ina; Onse maluwa ndi miyoyo, ngakhale si nzeru monga anthu, koma
ndithu wokondeka; ndipo mulibe maluwa kuichotsa chabe kufuna chisangalalo
chogonana. Pamene akubweretsa korona kapena munthu maluwa, inu mukhoza
kuchita izo; chifukwa nyama ndi miyoyo, nawonso; koma Mulungu ali ndithu

kudyedwa mwa anthu; kotero iye maluwa Komanso anayesetsa kupereka miyoyo
yawo kwa kukometsera anthu amakhala izo; Aliyense ayenera kukwaniritsa tsogolo. Ife tiyeni mphunzitsi kuuza anyamata: The amalankhula okhalapo akambirane
kwenikweni mu magulu awiri, anthu amene mizu mu nthaka, awa ndi zomera, ndi
anthu amene angathe kunyalanyaza kusuntha za izi ndi anthu ndi nyama. Zomera ndi
ife, ngakhale dissimilar kuposa nyama, koma chifukwa kukula moyo monga awa ati,
zidzachoka ndi m'midzi mochuluka basi zachitika cholinga chawo yokonza ndi
kubalana monga nyama, ndipo ngakhale amenewa komanso anthu ena zifukwa
tiyenera kuwasunga chifukwa mofanana chamoyo monga nyama. Koma anthu sanali
kukhulupirira nthawi zonse; taonani, inu ana, chikutanthauza ndife motsutsana kale
kwambiri zina. - Inu kusiya konse pakati pa anthu panthawi yomwe mwana akukula
kukhala moyo wa mbewu basi anafunsa zochepa funso monga moyo wa nyama,
ndipo ndi mwana konse kulankhula funso ngati chomera angakhalenso zopanda
moyo; chifukwa iwotu mu ulemu wa dissimilar nyama zimenezi ife kulota
mmwamba. Ngakhale dzina Animal chokwanira tsopano monga umboni wa
moyo. Kodi Sanaganize kuti anthu ali mwana, kudzachitika kuti ngati akuluakulu
pamene zomera kukula kwa imayambirira kuphuka, pitirizani fungo ngati
mwana. Kotero tsopano ngakhale anthu.
Choncho wina ndi olakwika pamene. akumapeza yathu ndi wamba kusakhulupirira
mu kudzoza kwa zomera pansi masoka mediations, chifukwa inu mukhoza amapeza
izo kuchokera mokwanira lililonse ziweto, ndipo wabwera kwa ife, ife sitikudziwa
momwe; Mukulakwitsa ngati mungapeze iye motere wolungama. Chabwino ena
mbala imabwerera usiku ndi achifwamba ife zimene tiyenera kukhala wotsika
mtengo ndipo si chotero mu ufulu. Ndipo tikuwona kwambiri, angathenso
mwinamwake kutsegula kapena mwa amene analowa.
Choyamba, pali, monga ine ndinati, makhalidwe a maphunziro, limene tiyenera
kupereka anthu kusakhulupirira; koma utsalira funso zimene anayambitsa iye mu
nokha? Ndimaona kuti ndi anafuna mu m'munsi mmbuyo atagona pansi athu masiku
njira kuyang'ana pa zomera kuti munthu owonjezera koyamba boma la chilengedwe,
kumene unagwiritsabe patapita chosaneneka kufanizira lonse akuchita chikhalidwe
cha Mulungu ouziridwa ndi moyo wofanana yekha, pa pomwe chandamale wapita
ndipo tsopano amakopeka kwambiri yopapatiza malire chitsanzo. Kodi lonse wa
Chirengedwe amaona Mulungu ouziridwa, chifukwa zimakhala zosavuta kuzindikira
munthu miyoyo apadera figments wa kudzoza ambiri kuposa kumene, alamuka
wathu, Mulungu Mzimuwu mzimu chikhalidwe za iwo, ndipo iwo opanda moyo
wazisiya mmbuyo. Popeza iye anatenga moyo wa zomera; ndipo ngati ife sitimva
moyo wathu, osati kwa nyani ndi nyani pansi kwa ife nyongolotsi ulusi wa kufanana,
nayenso momveka fortspnne, ife ziweto zathu ndi kukana moyo ngati kuti
zomera. Chifukwa wathu watsopano mfundo ndi kuzindikira kulikonse zochepa
moyo ngati n'kotheka m'chilengedwe. Science, zojambulajambula, chipembedzo,
ziphunzitso za woyamba wachinyamata kuti zinapatsira ndi njira imeneyi ndi
chilengedwe, kuphunzira danga chikhulupiriro ndi kudziwa kuya chinkhoswe
zace. Pali kusintha, mwachitsanzo kusintha dziko. Koma tikumbukire kuti kwambiri
anayamba kudziwa okha ndi chikumbumtima, nthawi zambiri akubwerera ku dziko,

ndi chitukuko cha chidziwitso wayamba, ndife wathu watsopano kufika kwa
chilengedwe sayenera enclose mekeza kwambiri, koma kuti iwo ndiwo ndi choncho
patsogolo kuonekera. Mwina ndicho chifukwa chake ndendende mpaka
anamuchititsa kwambiri basi monga choncho.
Ngati munthu potsiriza anayamba kuona kuti Mulungu, ngakhale utali, ndi
ulemerero, okhoza kulowa mu chikhalidwe, amene anali kuchokamo kwa mwano
amuna popanda chifukwa wathu looneka mgwirizano zakunja ndi mfundo zake kudza
ndi popanda Choncho chimatha ndi individualities zake zachilengedwe mwa
iye; kotero kosavuta kupeza kuzindikira ndi allwrts ambiri moyo mankhwala awo
munthu ziwembu tikaganizira. Koma pa chiyembekezo, sitingathe mpumulo
tsopano; M'malo mwake, ayenera yekha ntchito lokha kutsegula zitseko ndi mawindo
ndi zimenezi pang'ono zenera ayenera kulemba izi mwa kutsegula chiyembekezo mu
ukufalikira moyo munda.
Yapita tiganizira kuti ndiroleni ine kuika pafupifupi kwambiri kutsindika pa mbali
yomwe ndi yoyenerera, kuti retune sizinali zabwino tanthauzo la munthu kuti udindo
wa zomera m'chilengedwe, osati nzeru olemera chifukwa zikuphatikizapo
makamaka; kuyambira chotsutsana moyo wa mbewu maganizo, tifunika kulimbana,
ngakhale kuti maganizo m'malo momveka anayamba nzeru zochokera
zifukwa. Komabe, ife sitikhala divest yotsirizira May; ndipo makamaka poganizira
potsimikizira mfundo-musati divest, mwina sindikusiyani inu wake akuoneka
kulemera, koma zimene amapeza mwa kuti inu mufika kale olakwika yopita kwa
kulemera.
Tsopano zonsezi zifukwa, ndidzakhala tikanize crudest woyamba Sankhapo, koma
ndendende chifukwa chake mwina kuiganizira pa kwambiri ambiri. Iye amafuna
mwinamwake, nthawi zonse m'njira imene tikufuna kukhala wophweka n'zotheka
kukhala monga chopunthwitsa mu njira. Ena anzeru ndithu mosavuta kuuluka za
izo; m'pamenenso ena naturalists amene kupita mu chikhalidwe, si amakonda
kuwulukira pamwamba pa iwo.
Apa ndi buku la zotsatirazi zigawo akadali chachitika ankakana:
1) The zomera alibe misempha (III).
2) Inu mulibe ufulu zaufulu kayendedwe (VII).
3) Iwo alibe chapakati limba ndi chirichonse, amene adzakhala kupempha
kumasonyeza yolumikiza miyoyo Unit (XIII).
4) Mukuona mwankhanza kuponderezedwa, Ndimatchetcha, kudula nthawi
chitetezo anapatsidwa mtundu uliwonse zowononga kusokonezedwa. Koma ine ndine
safuna ndikukhulupirira wathu kumverera kuti izi zikhoza kukhala tsoka la
wozindikira okhalapo (VI).
5) Inu kuoneka kwathunthu pa kukwaniritsidwa kwa cholinga cha anthu ndi
zinyama masamu, mlendo moyo dziko utumiki anapeza kuti muyang'ane ngakhale
moyo ndi pothera palokha mwa iwo (X. XI).
6) Ngati ngakhale kulowa mbewu monga nyama kokha osokoneza khalidwe la

miyoyo, mu leni chomera salinso moyo kungakhale funso lirilonse (XII).

7) angagwiritsidwe ntchito imodzi mwa nyama zosiyanasiyana, koma m'munsi
moyo kupirira zulnglichen maganizo kutenga (khumi ndi chinayi).
The mfundo zazikulu, imene ikusonyeza akamaliza awa ankakana angapezeke
mwachidule mwachidule yomaliza-pitilizani.

Text original

Sogar allgemeine philosophische Betrachtungen, durch welche

man versuchen mchte, diesen Gegenstand zu erledigen, werden

doch immer auf dieser Analogie fuen mssen;
Contribuu a millorar la traducci

III. Wamanjenje funso.

Angatsutse kuti pamene mwapeza okhawo proteinaceous filaments, wotchedwa
mitsempha mu mbewu, mavuto kuvomereza iwo moyo, adzaoneka ngati zambiri
zikuonongeka ambiri. Tsopano chimaperekedwa ndithudi, kuti mitsempha ndi moyo
zofunika ngakhale mu nkhani zina yekha chakuti soulless presupposed zomera
alibe; komabe zimenezi uzingopitirira nokha, umene umabwera mu sewero
pano; makamaka m'malo zotsatirazi kuti:
Ngati wina wawononga ankatchedwa linapangidwa abwino hafu ya minyewa,
ubongo wa munthu kapena nyama, kotero inu kuwononga imodzi herewith zonse
kunja zinthu ndi zochitika za maganizo moyo; Inunso angasinthe ndi kugawikana
kapena chiwonongeko cha inayake mitsempha likufanana ndi chuma chapadera
zomverera. Perekani nyama koma palibe chizindikiro cha moyo ndi kumverera
zambiri yekha, titatha anawononga iye misempha, chotero zomera amatha kuyambira
pachiyambi alibe moyo ndi m'malingaliro ngati alibe misempha poyamba
paja. Mitsempha kumatsimikizira nazo kuti, osachepera zathu pa dziko lapansi moyo
wa m'dzikoli, n'kofunika zinthu Beseeltsein kapena zipangizo zimene moyo ayenera
maganizo awo pansi pa mawu a dzikoli.
Kanthu monga cogent amaoneka zimenezi, ndipo palibe kungakhale untriftiger.
Ndinaika kumenyana izi: Ngati ine kupasula wa limba, violin, ndi lute, onse
zingwe wathuwo, kotero izo ndi phokoso la njirazi; Ndimakonda akugunda izo,
ndigogoda, monga ine ndikufuna: zinapangitsa kusalankhula phokoso; kwenikweni
phokoso, ngakhale melodic kapena amgwirizano zinayendera kapena kuphatikiza
phokoso sangathenso mwamtheradi kubala; nawonso akhoza kuletsa ndi kuwononga
kutali wapadera zingwe chuma chapadera malankhulidwe; Choncho zikuoneka
zingwe n'kofunika zinthu yopangira phokoso; iwo ali, titero, mitsempha ya anthu
zida. Ndipo Tsopano ndizoonekeratu ndithu monga poyamba, kuti chitoliro, fife,
limba kuyambira chiyambi cha phokoso, makamaka melodic ndi amgwirizano
kuphatikiza malankhulidwe, sangathe chifukwa iwo ali kuyambira pachiyambi alibe
zingwe.
Kufanana si yoyenera Dziwani pamene ife moyenera kubala pano njira zomverera,
kuyerekeza njira, subjectively kubala zomverera, yomwe ingathe wina kuvomereza
zimatsatira kuyambira pachiyambi. Vayolini ina, thupi lokha zomverera mwa

masewerawa. Thupi ngati zeze, yemwe amamva mumtima masewero awo zingwe.
Koma tsopano, pamene ine ndiwona kuti chitoliro koma kwenikweni, ngakhale
wanga wamkulu-dera, phokoso, moyenera umabala zomverera popanda zingwe,
kotero ine sindikudziwa bwanji mbewu zotengera malingaliridwe zomverera athe
kutulutsa popanda mantha , The nyama ndithu basi ndi zoimbira za zingwe, chitoliro
zomera zida za zotengeka.Ndiye ndithudi, komanso onse zomverera anayenera
amasiyana ndendende monga zotengera malingaliridwe monga zomverera imene
chakudya zingwe ndi mphepo zida amasiyana bwinobwino; koma akanatha komabe
ofanana onse akulu ndi chimodzimodzi melodic kapena amgwirizano zogwirizana ndi
maganizo maganizo unit.
Palibe kusimba Ndipotu, chifukwa chikhalidwe ayenera kukhala wochepa
zosiyanasiyana njira amene akanagwiritsa kuti abweretse kudziona anazindikira
zomverera kuoneka kuti luso lathu amalamulira kubala ena anazindikira
zotengeka; koma chifukwa mukatero chikhalidwe ake kudzera ndi pamene ife
wolemera zosiyanasiyana; Ifenso amatha kuona mmene chilengedwe limodzi ndi
cholinga chachikulu zosiyanasiyana njira monga osiyanasiyana mfundo amakonda
kuwafika. Anthu, miyendo inayi zapadziko nyama, mbalame kupuma zida kupanga
m'kati mwa gill-nyama ndi anatembenuka-outwards mtengo; Tsopano tiyeni tipitirize
popitiriza miyendo; zolengedwa zina kuyenda akupitiriza kudzera contractions za
thupi, ngati leech; ena sichikuyendanso akupitiriza kudzera batting kayendedwe,
ngati nyama zambiri, etc. kulowetsedwa, chimene pambuyo pa zonse zosiyana
kotheratu mfundo. The abwino cholinga yodalirika ndi dera kusintha, zimene
zingamuthandize moyo, koma kulikonse chomwecho. Ayenera zachilengedwe kuima
ouma apa kuti kucheza nzeru gulu gulu chabe zikutanthauza thupi mitsempha
magulu? M'malo mwake, chifukwa iwo akuwoneka kuti ine osauka ndi zambiri
pogwira kuposa masiku mu nkhani iyi, ndimayembekezera kuti padzakhala
kuwonjezera pa nyama, kumene wakhala akugwira dongosolo la maganizo gulu
mothandizidwa ndi mitsempha, kudera lina kumene mu mwinamwake kuchitikira.
Kodi nthawi zonse mu mapuloteni nkhani misempha wodabwitsa, kuti iye yekha
anawalenga abwino onyamula kapena intermediaries maganizo ntchito? Zikuoneka
kwa ine zamkati za zomera, kamodzi mmodzi CHIKWANGWANI amafuna
kwambiri monga loyenereradi; iye adzakhala oyenera okha zosowa khalidwe la
zomera, ndi mapuloteni nyama. Chirichonse akufuna m'nkhani yake kugwirizana. Pa
dzuwa palibe mantha kapena zomanga thupi kungakhale zamkati, izo adzapsa
chirichonse; Mwina pali anthu Platinum. Mwina kuyambira ayi;chifukwa mitsempha
basi ndithudi okha njira bungwe anapatsidwa nkhani zomverera mu inayake njira,
imene mwina Kuimilidwa ndi njira zina kwina. A yaiwisi phokoso ngakhale limba
bokosi popanda zingwe; inde ndi aliyense matupi konse kulakwa; chotero monga
aliyense kayendedwe chimbalangondo mu dziko, mwina chinachake zamatsenga pa
Seraya;Tsopano izo ziri pafupi zikhalidwe, ichi ndi kuwonjezera kuti zopereka
zimenezi kukwera osati ambiri Mulungu moyo, komanso cholengedwa pakokha
apindula kubwera. Malinga ndi zikhalidwe zake, tifunika kudzifunsa kuti; koma
n'zokayikitsa kwambiri pachiyambi kuti chabe mitsempha chiyenera kukhala
woyenera; inde kuti analidi ulusi mawonekedwe kukhala zofunika. Kodi n'zoona kuti

dziko lonse ndi chonyamulira, kumasonyeza Mulungu Mzimu, kuti inu alidi ndi
kufunsa kumene misempha kuthamanga Mulungu; ndipo ife tikuona kuti lakutali
wakumwamba matupi koma zogwirizana popanda yaitali zingwe pakati pawo ku
pakokha ena dongosolo ndi kuwala ndipo yokoka, kotero ife yomweyo pamwamba
pa ena anamanga maselo a zomera zonse makamaka coherent ntchito, kupanga izo
monga kumasonyeza ayenera kufuna zochita za moyo kukhulupirira, chifukwa
zizindikiro amaonekera mu nyumba ubale wa asilikali ochuluka kwabasi lonse
kamangidwe ka nyumbayo payokha kwa masiku.
Munthu angathe kufunsa yapita kufanizira tsidya lina, yemweyo tinganene naye,
ndipo zikhonza kukhala zothandiza, koma kuchita zimenezi nthawi zina. Ndife,
pambuyo pa zonse anakana kwambiri pa analogies, ndipo mukhoza kutero yekha
kulekezera, ngati kungakhale koma rebuttal potsutsa izo, ndi kufotokoza mmene
imeneyi akufuna kuti aphedwe, zosiyanasiyana.
Malawi a nyali zathu ndi nyali njira wicks, wopota pamodzi wa ulusi. Yathu
Soulflame nayenso. Dzuwa, mpweya lawi yoyaka popanda chingwe. Zidzachitikanso
mwina angathe kupereka moyo malawi kuti kutentha popanda wicks zopangidwa ndi
ulusi. Magetsi ndi nyali ndi wicks ndithu aligwiritsire: iwo mosavuta allwrts
chidzachotsedwa, si mpweya woyatsa; koma kutentha zimenezi zingasonyeze lowala,
ndipo analibe ngakhale kutembenukira phindu? Choncho nyama kunyamula, zomera
anakonza moyo nyali. N'chifukwa chiyani dziko kuunikiridwa yekha ndi kunyamula
nyale? Chirichonse cha chipinda anayatsa kwambiri anakonza kuposa kunyamula
nyale; Koma dziko holo yaikulu kwambiri. Ndi mu choonadi, tingathe kuyerekezera
ndi moto miyoyo kwenikweni wokongola; chifukwa popanda dziko lidzakhala
kwathunthu mdima. Ndi basi kachiwiri kufanana kwa zotengera malingaliridwe ndi
cholinga, monga zida za phokoso. Angati wothandizila pali, kutsatira cholinga
kuwala ndi achilandira, ndipo tsopano ife tikufuna chikhalidwe mu ufulu kutsatira
zotengera malingaliridwe moyo kuwala ndi achilandira, kotero yoletsedwa
kwathunthu kwa yopapatiza pakati pa mitsempha wicks?
Kangaude limagwira nyama yake kudzera mwa zopezera wabwino ndi wautali
ulusi; popanda mphamvu iye amadziwa kanthu kugwira. Mofananamo, ndi moyo
wathu. Only ndi zopezera zabwino mitsempha ulusi izo amatha kugwira maganizo
ndi anamva zimene wokhudza awa ulusi ku dziko lakunja. Koma bwanji akangaude
amenewa zopezera kugwira nyamazo? Iyayi; pali anthu amene iye mwachindunji ndi
abisalire. Choncho mbewu akadadziwa kutenga maganizo awo popanda mitsempha
Intaneti pomwepo. Ngati sitikuchiona kangaude mu dzenje, ndi kuwona mphamvu,
tikutanthauza ndithudi, mwina, izo zinali basi dzenje ndipo palibe kangaude
popeza. Koma maukonde si kangaude; koma kangaude amapanga maukonde kapena
amapanga mwina palibe mphamvu ndi Choncho nkukhalabe kangaude.
Ngati munthu akukhala mu galimoto ndi abulusa, inu muyenera kudula mwa
nkhosi, kupanga mahatchi olumikiza galimoto; kotero galimoto mabasi, ndi
mahatchi, koma amene akudziwa kumene. Koma Choncho wanzeru katswiri pa
mahatchi amene ndiuyerekeze ndi ulamuliro wa thupi ndi moyo apa, chabe mwa
zitalizitali zotheka? Only insofar monga izo zidzakhala zofunikira pamene

mahandulo wakhala mu osiyana bokosi, monga maganizo athu, ndithudi, monga izo
zinali, mu ubongo bokosi. Koma inu muwalole zigwiriro kukhala pa kavalo yekha,
ayenera yekha yochepa, pang'ono maso kugwira impso, ngakhale mwalamulo pa
kavalo ndi maondo ake, chikwapu ndi lilime, iye amafuna palibe impso. Choncho
mbewu tsopano akanatha kukhala zolengedwa, kumene woyendetsa moyo
anakhalamo mwachindunji Gliederbaue ndi mabungwe izo amalamulira thupi,
pamene kokha mwa nkhosi za osiyana mbali zinthu pomwepo nafe.
Ngati analogies angakhale kapena angati kubweretsa! Ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani,
kukopedwa ngati ali ku malo ambiri Bestande chikhalidwe, ayenera kupereka njira
tiganizira okha Ester kufanizira, pambuyo munaphonyana moyo zomera, chifukwa
inu mantha, wapadera wothandizira wa moyo, kusowa mwa iwo? - Koma iwe ukhoza
awa analogies ndi zambiri mwachindunji kuonerera kuthandiza.
Tikuona kuti kupuma, timadziti akuthamanga, ndi kupukusa chakudya, zakudya
nyama kokha mwa mitsempha, otchedwa ganglionic misempha kupita,
ndandanda; mu mbewu palibe amenewa misempha; koma pita kupuma, timadziti
akuthamanga, ndi kupukusa chakudya, zakudya akadali vonstatten ngati nyama; Inde
pali, ngati inu anati, chonsecho moyo wa mbewu kokha m'menemo. Koma kupuma
mbewu popanda misempha ndipo amalimba chifukwa kumva bwino? Mmodzi kuona
apa mu mowonekera, kotero wosatsutsika, kuti mmera mu ambiri zina, amene
aikidwa mu nyama mitsempha-ogwira mtima. Zomera kupita kumene, kupatulapo
ganglion misempha, ngakhale ubongo ndi msana mitsempha (Cerebrospinalnerven)
kuchokera, ndipo okha zochita za izi zosamalira kusunga zogwirizana ndi zamatsenga
ntchito; koma umapita ku chomera popanda ganglionic mantha chinachake kuonekera
pamaso, kodi ndi ganglionic mantha kupita ku nyama pamaso pake, n'chifukwa
chiyani sitiyenera chinachake wosaoneka akhoza chitani popanda
Cerebrospinalnerven mwa iwo zimene okhawo kupita ku nyama pamaso pake?
Cha Kupemphera ife kusunga mantha dongosolo kawirikawiri zimachititsa
yopindulitsa, muli ndi ochititsa chilichonse chabwino imponderable mphamvu gawo
lapansi kapena wothandizila kuti, chimene, titero mitundu kulumikiza kugwirizana
pakati pa moyo ndi coarser thupi, amene zilakolako za moyo zikutanthauza
forterstrecken kwa thupi ndi zomverera m'thupi zurckerstrecken. Ine ndikufuna
mfundo imeneyi ngakhale kuteteza kapena kukana; koma tikufuna kuti ntchito, si
manyazi kuti tidziwenso masewera imeneyo wothandizila popanda misempha ku
zomera. Ife poyamba sankadziwa mmene mbewu amapanga ndi osavuta cell chipika
cornstarch, shuga, utoto, zosiyanasiyana zidulo, alkaloids, onunkhiritsa, nsalu,
poizoni, mafuta, resins, etc., etc. kubala amasuke ku zochita kupanga zinthu; aliyense
chomera umabala chinachake ndi nyumba ina, popanda ife mwanjira angamvetse
mmene ena osiyanasiyana maselo, ulusi, machubu zingachititse izi; wina umboni
wakuti pano basi zoposa chabe ulusi, maselo, machubu ogwira chinachake. Tsopano,
kuti njirayi ili moona iri ndi pafupifupi lake lina imponderable wothandizira,
limanena za nthawi yakuti, munthu wokhala kale wamba mankhwala zochitika kuti
apite kunja kwa chamoyo vonstatten mu masewera; Magetsi ndi kwaiye mwina,
mwina amakhudza kwaiye ku mankhwala ndondomeko; ndipo sadzakhala ndi
mavuto, koma makamaka waukulu kuitana, ngakhale ndi zachilendo mankhwala

zochitika zomera zimenezi zimatsatira mu masewera (kapena masewera) monga mwa

nthumwi (kapena masewera) kuti wamba mankhwala zochitika kutsogozedwa, ngati
osiyana, monga zochitika okha amasiyana wina ndi mzake. Koma chifukwa
chokhulupirira kuti ulimi wa mitsempha wothandizira, amene chilengedwe
kungakhale, zokhudzana ndi nyama zimene takambiranazi mu mankhwala zako,
ndipo amadyetsa mmbuyo; kuti dongosolo ndi makonzedwe a mantha dongosolo
kuoneka okha kugawa ndi kufalitsa yemweyo kufunika.
Choncho zikhalidwe za ulimi ndi sewero wotere wothandizira, amene ukhalebe wa
moyo pakati akuti, inu mukufuna kupempha wina kuti anasowa mbewu thupi monga
mwa nyama thupi; okha zinthu za ka kugawa kapena kufalitsa chomwecho, monga
pamafunika dongosolo olima ndi moyo, kodi ndi mantha kachitidwe amaoneka ngati
akusowa. Koma popeza ife sitikudziwa nkomwe, zomwe zimachititsa mitsempha kuti
angathe zotheka mitsempha wothandizila kuchita akutali, inde, izi mpaka pano
zikuoneka zovuta kufotokoza ife, mwauzimu ndi zina ulusi wa mbewu akhoza
loyenereradi, Mofananamo wothandizila kuchita akutali, ngati zimene timaganiza
akadali zokayikitsa, monga kasamalidwe ayenera amafuna, monga nyama
Mofananamo.
Kwenikweni, kuvomereza lonse la imponderable wothandizila mu mitsempha
yekha kungoganizira, imene ingatithandize Ndithu monga wina Mwina wa
zochitika; koma pano alibe chidwi kukhala ndi maziko, koma kusonyeza kuti, ngati
wina akufuna kukhala ndi maziko zomera, mwabwino ndi zinthu mwadongosolo
masewera za wothandizira, monga munthu akhoza kuganiza za moyo n'zofunika
monga nyama; Koma munthu amene amafuna mmalo ena ena mphamvu ya
masewera amenewa wothandizira, ndi analogue angaganize nthawi zonse ku izo.
M'malo pano kuika zinthu zina maziko, zimene tikudziwa kanthu, izo ndithudi
bwino kudzatunga mfundo zikuyenda, amene ali bwino. Ife tikuwona ndithu
zazing'ono kupambana mu zomera. The timadziti kuthamanga mwanjira inayake,
duwa auka malinga ndi malamulo pa mbewu, masamba pansi pambuyo wina
ulamuliro kufika; ena cell mizere mudzaze kuti ndi izi, ena ndi anthu
zinthu; Taganizirani zambiri zokongola maluwa tsamba lonse wokhazikika
zojambula, zomwe zikuonetsa kuti wachikuda timadziti kutenga kwenikweni njira,
kapena mtundu njira kuti amakhazikika mu kwenikweni njira. Nkhani zonse iriyonse
kwa mwadongosolo masewera a mphamvu ngati mphamvu zimenezi ndi thandizo
wotentha ngati iwo akufuna; mbewu ya nyama ndi kanthu; adamtsata aliyense
chomera mtundu wina kuposa ena, monga aliyense nyama ndi anderm mantha
kachitidwe, kaya chomera alibe konse.Choncho m'malo kupanda dongosolo la umene
uli mbewu yoipa, monga iwo angatchedwe kutseka chifukwa analibe mitsempha,
munthu ayenera monga adzagonjetsa kuli malangizo pa kuwunikira zikhalidwe za
mphamvu zimenezi, ndipo si ndiye mubwalo kuti amene akudziwa koma osati
likuyandikira. Only chitsimikizo cha kusadziwa kwathu, osati kulibe Tingaone mu
izo.
Ine sindikufuna kuti abweretsemo amasiya kuti komabe kutengeramo ena
wodzichepetsa nyama, makamaka tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, zimene kuthetsa

kutengeka ndi kufuna kayendedwe palibe ubwino, kutali komanso palibe misempha
angathe kuonedwa. Mosakayikira iwo retort: Asanamalize kuti anapeza
kachiwiri; iwo angokhala kwambiri zabwino, mandala, akutali, monga akakhala
kutali m'malo. Izo zikhoza kukhala zoona. Ine alibe chifukwa ngakhale chidwi
kukayikira izo. Yemweyo subterfuge waima kenako lotseguka ku chomera; koma ine
ndiri patali ndi kukhala kuzigwiritsira ntchito; si zosowa zawo; lingaliro lakuti chabe
zikutanthauza mitsempha kutengeka n'zotheka lozikidwa pa zonse yekha pa
umasinthasintha amanena kapena pachithunzichi mapeto: chifukwa misempha mu
nyama kutengeka zofunika, iwo ali paliponse izi zofunika. Kodi mungalole kuti ine
kutsutsa kwa ena omaliza, chifukwa zomera alibe misempha kuti zotengeka, iwo
adzakhala ndi chinachake kutero. A mapeto ndi ofunika kwambiri monga winayo,
kuti palibe zabwino chinachake okha;izo zimatengera zimene mungachite zina
akathandize.
Akuganiza, ndi kwenikweni, makamaka frherhin kwambiri ndinaganiza kuti
mwauzimu ulusi (mwauzimu ziwiya) Zomera kwa akuluakulu a mitsempha. Oken
akuti wake nzeru za chilengedwe II S. 112 zenizeni. "The mwauzimu ulusi ndi
zomera kodi mitsempha ya nyama kungakhale mwachilungamo ambabzala mantha
otentha, ndipo ndasangalala kuti athe kugwiritsa bwino ntchito ufulu umenewu .. Iwo
kudziwa kayendedwe ndi chisangalalo cha organic njira "etc -. Pakuti gawo langa Ine
sindikuganiza kuti zosiyana, choncho kodi zinamuyendera kenako tingati basi si gulu
ndege za zomera ku nyama oona chifaniziro cha misempha kungakhale funso
lirilonse kapena ziwalo; aliyense kufanizira adzakhala kwambiri
chosakwanira. Popeza tsopano koma kupereka zonse awo kusiyana ndi mbali
pangano pakati awiri kasamalidwe zolinga, moti nthawi zonse amakonda kuuzidwa
kuti mwauzimu ulusi ali mbewu, amene adakali limafanana ndi hafu ya minyewa
nyama kwambiri; ngakhale kuti ichi kutsatira akhoza unachitikira ku geringerm
mmene kuposa pakati pa mipope ya chiwalondi zingwe wa limba, amene akuoneka
kuti afanane pamlingo winawake ndi tongebende thupi, koma zikuwoneka mu zonse
zoimbira, kuchokera kutsidya lina koma sayenera zizigwirizana, chifukwa olimba
thupi la wenzulo Photochromic mu limba si, pamene pali koma anakonza zingwe mu
limba; anthu malankhulidwe ndicho chabe ndi mkati mpweya zinayambitsa ndi
chinachake, pamene Tikawonetsetsa mittnt anayambika ndi zingwe mu chingwe
chida mlengalenga. Zimenezi n'zosatheka woyera kukhazikitsa kufanizira
amaonanso, zikhoza ndiye nthawizonse chidwi, yemweyo koma kuchita monga
momwe abwino, kuti, monga deta kuti zinachitikira lokha. Ndipo Munthu akapeza
makamaka mfundo zoyerekezera pakati mwauzimu ulusi ndi misempha.
The mwauzimu ulusi mwauzimu ziwiya, zomera kupanga wofanana ndi mitsempha
ulusi kuchokera pophatikizana wa limagwirizana maselo ndikufunsa mmene izi
makamaka zabwino machubu kuimira yekha kuti chabe chifukwa mpweya otukuka,
pamene mitsempha ulusi kapena mitsempha machubu kuoneka kuti ali ndi madzi
zomwenso , The mwauzimu ulusi kuwonjezera yothandizira mogwirizana ndi
chomera, konse nthambi, koma wamkulu mtolo kupereka chabe zing'onozing'ono
mitolo kwa ulusi mwa Ife maondo lokha. Malo anu ndi wofunika kwambiri pa zina
ulusi ndi maselo a zomera, ndi aliyense mwauzimu CHIKWANGWANI mtolo

wazunguliridwa ndi zimenezi, makamaka a elongated maselo (ulusi), monga nyama,

pali makamaka zipangizo kuthamanga pafupi ndi mitsempha. Chiwerengero ndi
makonzedwe a mtima mitolo mwauzimu ndi khalidwe ndi yofunika aliyense chomera
ndi pomanga lonse dongosolo mogwirizana; iwo amaoneka pa lonse kwa
wamphamvu ndi wolimba ndi choncho pamodzi kwambiri, ndi apamwamba mlingo
ali, amene chomera wayima, pamene chotsikitsitsa zomera Palibe amene wakwanitsa
kupeza. Yofunika ntchito ayenera kuthetsedwa iwo malinga ndi achilendo
zomangamanga ndi malo zomera bwino;koma ngati ndi mitsempha ya nyama, ichi
kunali substantive ntchito amalankhula yomweyo bwino. Zomera physiologists a
katswiri amapatsa maganizo pankhani ndipo kwambiri mlingo kuvomereza kuti ife
sitikudziwa kanthu za izo.
Goethe limanena za mwauzimu ziwiya zake Recherches Sur La dongosolo
kusonyeza wapamtima etc. ndime Dutrochet (Ges Works, Vol 55. mas II ..): "The
mwauzimu ziwiya tikambirana zing'onozing'ono mbali, amene lonse limene mwini,
kwathunthu n'chimodzimodzi ndi ankaona homoeomeries awadziwitse chawo
peculiarities ndi kuwapeza chomwecho kachiwiri katundu ndi mtima. Iwo
adzawapatsa kudzikonda moyo zimachitika ndi mphamvu pa ndipo okha payekha
kusuntha ndi kulandira inayake. The kwambiri Dutrochet mafoni yofunika
Inkurvation kufikako. awa zinsinsi, ife tikupeza pano sanayitanidwepo. "
Komanso ife tikupeza kuti tiyandikire izi zinsinsi zina kuno osati
chinachititsa. Sakhoza kuona Mulimonsemo kuti pano chikhalidwe chinsinsi, ngati
onse Nature a zinsinsi, ngakhale whimsical kutanthauzira osaperewera.
Tangoganizani tsopano iwiri yotsatirayi zigawo za anatomical mbali zina
teleological ndi zokongoletsa mbali imene, ngati kale anakhudza fleetingly mu ambiri
kuyambirira kukambirana (pansi II.), Koma zonse chitukuko sanapezeke. Kaya tipeze
pang'ono
otsiriza kutha lililonse la mtundu, ndikuona kwambiri wosatsutsika
Contribuu aumboni
millorar la traducci
kugona mu izo.Lang'anani, zinali zotsatira m'njira ndekha poyamba chikhulupiriro
ndipo analamulira.

Text original

IV. Teleological zifukwa.

Ine kamodzi anaima pa otentha chilimwe tsiku dziwe ndipo anayang'ana pa madzi
kakombo awo masamba kufalitsa bwino pa madzi ndi lotseguka maluwa kukondwera
m'kuunika.Kodi mopitirira bwino izo ziyenera kukhala maluwa, ine ndinaganiza kuti
anatuluka pamwamba pa dzuwa, anatsika ndi kulowa m'madzimo pamene iwo
empfnde dzuwa ndi kusamba pang'ono. Ndipo n'chifukwa, ndinadabwa, kodi si
choncho? Ndikuona kuti chilengedwe sibwenzi anamanga cholengedwa oterowo koti
zabwino ndi wachikondi kuti chabe kuimira chinthu osagwira kuganizira, makamaka
verblhen zikwi madzi maluwa, popanda munthu ankaona; kuli ine unsuspected pa
lingaliro kuti iye anali ndi madzi kakombo Choncho nyumba kwambiri zosangalatsa
kuti akhoza kupeza kuchokera ku kusamba mu mvula ndipo magetsi pa nthawi
yomweyo, komanso cholengedwa kubwera Muyeso wathunthu phindu tiyeni ndi
kumva wokongola wangwiro ndi Iye ,
Kukongola adzaoneka zinthu chikhalidwe chonsecho moyo wa maluwa 1). Kodi

anatukula tsiku poyera maluwa pa madzi (nthawi zina zingapo mainchesi kutalika),
kotero chimaperekedwa usiku womwewo pamene izo ziribe kanthu kufufuza
m'kuunika, amamuchititsa pansi, ndi izo zomwe ine ndawerenga, ndi zimatero pansi
pa madzi ku m'mawa sitimautchula kuchokera yamvula bedi. The zamaluwa maluwa
ndi kupanga izo bwinobwino, ngakhale usiku kugwa kwambiri kuti sangafikire ndi
manja kumizidwa m'madzi; m'mawa iye amadzuka ndipo ngati dzuwa chimachititsa
apamwamba amaulukira apamwamba ndi phesi la madzi. Ife sukukhulupiriranso mu
mermaids, amene akugona mu pansi pa madzi ndipo m'mawa kukwera, kuti
amasangalala kwambiri kuwala; koma chisindikizo lokha Choncho komabe
anazindikira, moyo wotero angafune kukhala ndi zithumwa; chikhalire mwina
ankadziwanso, ndipo anapanga ndakatulo chenicheni. Inde, kwezani ndipo amakonda
si onse maluwa kotero kusintha, ngakhale kuti adzachita ena ambiri; koma ayenera
chifukwa onse chiyani? Pezani osati tsopano kuphuka ndi Mphukira mphukira, mu
zokondweretsa za matchalitchi, mpweya ndi dzuwa mokwanira, aliyense yake
yapadera?
1) ..

Linnaeus (Disquis de A sexu plantar 1760) limati zotsatirazi za izo: N. alba

qnotidie manyenje wakale Aqua tollitur, floremque dilatat, Adeo UT meridiano
tempore Tres omnino pollices pednculo aquam superemineat. Sub vesperam
penitus clausa neri Contecta demergitur. Zolinga m'ma Horam enim quartam
positi meridiem contrahit florem, agitque boma Aqua omnem noctem, quod
nescio kuti cuiquam pa mille kuti annos notatum pansi, dwe wense la- nga ntha
ndi Theophrasti aevo, qui hoc obseryavit mu Nymphaea Loto .... scripsit autem
Theophrastus, Hist. , IV 10, de Loto EA quae sequentur :. "Mu Firate caput
floresque mergi referunt, atque descendere usque mu medias Noctes:
tantumque abire okalamba, UT NE demissa quidem Manu capere kukhala:
diluculo wanu redire, neri malonda wotheratu Magis yekha. Oriente
kupanikizana Owonjezera undas emergere, patefacere floremque: quo Pate
facto amplius insurgere, UT ndege kuchokera Aqua absit wakale - Idem
prorsus mos wense noatrae Nymphaeae albae .. (Phys Decand II 86 ....)

Kotero ine ndinaganiza tsopano, chikhalidwe nayenso mwina anamanga mosiyana

pafupi phiri chomera ndipo anaikidwa pa malo ena monga kutsitsimuka ndi chiyero
cha mphepo ya m'mapiri, ndi zilizonse phiri ayenera, mosiyana ndi dziwe,
chikhalidwecho kuti ndithu koyera, kubweretsa azisangalala. Kodi, ndinadandaula,
madzi kakombo kwenikweni ndithu achilendo koma kwa madzi, kuyatsa phirilo
chomera phiri; kapena tikufuna chigamulocho, ife sakanakhoza, ndi kunena kuti
madzi chokongoletsedwa kwathunthu kwa madzi kakombo, kuphiri kuphiri
chomera? N'zoona mu agulugufe, nsomba kale okhalapo amene amakhala ndi moyo
mpweya ndi madzi; mungathe kufunsa ena ati? Koma kodi mosiyana anamanga,
wokonzeka! Kuuluka koma kale mehrerlei agulugufe pa phiri, kusambira koma kale
mehrerlei nsomba mu madzi omwewo! Mphamvu ya ena zosafunika? Umapeza
aliyense koma ndi njira yache ndi wapadera makhalidwe ena zotengeka ndi

zilakolako za chomwecho amafotokozera. Tsopano madzi chomera phiri chomera

khalidwe mosiyana aliyense nsomba ku madzi, ndithu yosiyana agulugufe
motsutsana mpweya ndi kuunika; monga osiyana kwambiri ndi maganizo ndi
chidziwitso, ndi Choncho ngakhale angathe kupereka kwa iwo! Mfundo lokha kuti
mbewu ndi butterfly, mwa Gulugufe, koma mbewu lili moyang'anizana, zonse kale
osiyana mu chikhalidwe ndi limachititsa kuti osiyana zotengeka; chifukwa pamene
gulugufe zakumwa timadzi tokoma kwa maluwa, si kuchita zogirigisha zomwezo
panobe. Kapena inunso mukufuna kunena, kumva kwa mbewu Choncho zosafunika
ndi silingakhale inde koma gulugufe wakhala kumverera izo? Zingakhale bwino basi
monga kunena kuti mu mayendedwe a wokonda ndi anakonda Timatha dzanja
limodzi, zina zosafunikira ndi chodziwikiratu kuchita, popeza tikuona kuti yemweyo
magawo pa tikuyamba kuwombola magawanidwe komanso tsamba lililonse
yemweyo omveka bwino maganizo amene amanyamula , Ngati yotsirizira wotsutsana
chepera kuposa Gulugufe ndi maluwa, koma kupita nako kanthu kuposa zimenezi
zimafuna tsopano zina mosiyana kumva.
Kuti alidi waukulu konse luso la chikhalidwe kuti akhoza kujambula aliyense ku
yemweyo ofalitsidwa ndi kum'soetsa mtendere zimakhala ndi chikho. Munthu
aliyense ali, monga akuimira osiyana cholinga sieve, ndi winkles mogwirizana ena
zomverera ku nyama; ndi zimene munthu akhoza anasiya akadali anthu ena
ambirimbiri. Magazini Choncho pambuyo onse nyama onse otengedwa chirengedwe,
chomwe ndi atengeke, kotero mwina akhala akadali aakulu theka la masamba ufumu.
Tsopano ndikuona komanso sikovuta ndikuganiza mbali ya enaake, chimene
chikutsimikizira zikugwedezeka pano.
The munthu, nyama ikutha apa, apo, anabalalika pakati pa mitundu yonse ya
zosangalatsa, anakumana nazo, nakhudza onse zimene zili kutali. Izi ali
ubwino. Koma ife tikuwona munthu palokha, ife amadziwanso limodzi sidedness
mwa ubwino. Kuwonjezera kukwera ndi oyendayenda komanso kunyumba Kuthetsa
ali ubwino kuti sichingataike; pali chete ndipo ataimirira kanthu mabwalo kuti
ndikufuna kuti moyo kupyola ndipo ankaona; koma ubwino, amene amadalira uwu,
sizingapezeke ndi phindu pa nthawi yomweyo pamlingo, ndipo amene akufuna
kukhazikitsa mwalamulo pa chinthu chimodzi, iwo sangakhoze nthawi imodzi
inayo. Ndicho chifukwa chimodzi umayenda, ndipo winayo timitengo ndi
dothi. Monga mwa munthu pano, kotero mu maufumu zachilengedwe. Anthu ndi
nyama ndi anzake amene amalima wa stapled m'nthaka anthu mu dziko; iwo
anatsimikiza mtima kulanda kutali maumboni wozindikira chikhalidwe ndi
kuthamangitsa; ichi, gulu mwachindunji zinthu mu anapatsidwa bwalo wozindikira
ndi kuyesetsa utsi; ndiye iwo sangakhoze kupita mu izo, chifukwa aliyense
wothamanga kosaoneka olimba kutchuka, koma ndi kukula. Ife sanatchule yachiwiri
mbali ya moyo, ndipo muli ndi theka kuti mulibe kodi chofunika, kuti chirichonse
padzafunike m'chilengedwe.
Tiyeni tione mmene chilengedwe palibe apezeka anataya ndowe; Iwo
akumakangana kawirikawiri mwina atatu anayi zolengedwa chilichonse zinyalala ndi
zinyalala wa zinyalala lidalembedwa Mwachidule, amafuna kugwiritsa ntchito

galimoto ndi malire; - Sitiyenera inu kukhulupirira kuti zokhudzana ndi zinthu
masiku ano ntchito zidzawonjezedwa, chifukwa koma ubwenzi ntchito kokha kuti
panopa limodzi lonse ntchito? Nyama kachilombo kamodzi kokha mphuno kumene
mbewu nthawi zonse yoikidwiratu, akuthamanga chabe kwa dziko lapansi limene
chomera wakula kwambiri, akuswa yekha kulankhula apa ndi apo motsogozedwa
munthu radii mu bwalo, ndi chomera amadzaza kwathunthu ndi
likunena;chimodzimodzi chiwerengero zochepa komanso akhoza kuchepetseratu ake
zomverera bwalo mwa ubale, ku zomera mwina kuyang'ana kwa utsi chifukwa
ngakhale inaletsedwa ku iye, ndi utsi amatha chifukwa chakonzedwa kwa iye.
Ndinaona tsiku lina mkazi wanga mbewu ndi muzu mpira kwa mphika
zikubweretsa ndi chidwi izo maluwa, monga mbewu muzu mpira kwathunthu mizu
ndi abwino, ankafuna kumadutsa kulikonse dziko; ndipo monga pansi, izo zinali
pamwamba pa dziko lapansi. Only mbewu anagwidwa ndi nthambi padera, ndiyeno
iye anali interstices ndi mphukira mphalapala ndi masamba wodzazidwa kuti palibe
mpweya pang'ono akanatha kudutsa unenjoyed; ndi pa nsonga ya nthambi, iwo
unagwiritsabe Komanso blue maluwa motsutsa kuwala. Choncho ndipereka kwa ine,
chikhalidwe, ngati izo ziri bwino basi chomera amapindula; koma bwanji ngati
maluwa ndi mitengo kukula monga osamva kukhazikika kwa pachabe khama ndi
pachabe zonyaditsira zotsika mtengo. Iwo kulibwino ntchito mwachabe; ndi
mochuluka nkhalango ndi minda mobwereza bwereza mobwerezabwereza. Kodi
zingakhale chabe kuti tipindule, izo zikanakhala bwino, chidzaphukirenso yemweyo
mitengo ndi matabwa, matebulo ndi mipando m'malo mitengo.
Tsopano nawonso kupeza okha pomwe kufunika kwa ife kuti zomera zikuunjikana
pafupi m'malere Komabe, nyama mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo pakati pa iwo okha
payekha. Chipinda zingakhale akubera pamene zokhudzana zotsatira komanso
kwenikweni mabwalo chopanda malo akanasiya pakati pawo; m'malo iwo
zapiringizana ngakhale Kutchulira kapena mzake;iye ntchito koma ngakhale pakali
pamene makina yekha ankafuna kuwononga kutali danga kwa gulu; Choncho idyani
ngakhale hafu ya nyama zina kuti basi kuyeretsa mobwerezabwereza; ndipo lokha
anakhala ndi mopupuluma ndi kumverera poyerekezera izi zotsuka. Motero
anayamba ndi ntchito chilengedwe kuposa china m'njira zake zonse kuchuluka,
uthunthu wake. Koma chanu chachikulu chuma kuli ngati Russian ulamuliro mu
chuma cha miyoyo yambiri, ndine wa plaice.
Kodi ochepa akanati konse anamwazikana kumva mu chikhalidwe pambuyo
pothetsa zomera ku chigawo cha moyo sporadically ndiye amavula monga nswala
mwa nkhalango, ngati nsikidzi kuuluka padziko maluwa; ndipo ife ayenera
kukhulupirira kuti chikhalidwe choterechi m'chipululu, iwo, kuwomba mwa Mulungu
mpweya wa moyo? Zimenezi n'zosiyana pamene zomera ndi moyo ndi
kumverera; salinso akhungu, wosamva za kuthupi kumbali, mwa iye kuti nthawi
zambiri anawona palokha ndipo akuona, monga miyoyo ziri mwa iye, amene
akumverera; momwe china Mulungu wakumva mawu ake onse zolengedwa wina
mogwirizana ndi mogwirizana ngati zida salankhula mnzake mu yaitali
intervals? Pamene mudzaona kuti pa zoimbaimba osauka; tsopano akufuna kupeza
izo mu wolemera Mulungu? Kodi si wokongola, zazikulu ndi zodabwitsa kuganiza

kuti amoyo mitengo ya m'nkhalango wokha ngati moyo flares inawala kumwamba,
monga iwo zimangoyambitsa Kuwala wathu mbaula mu imfa? Ndipo n'chifukwa
chake Pasakhale kukula kwambiri zokongolazi mu msinkhu? Dzuwa sangakhoze
kupanga dziko lowala, popanda miyoyo amene amaona nyali zawo. Kodi
seelendmmerig izo Choncho kukhala sonnenbeschienensten nkhalango, pamene
dzuwa sangathe ngakhale miyoyo ya mitengo. Koma kodi iwo, ngati nkhalango uli
ngati moyo moto wa Mulungu, amene amamuthandiza aunikire chikhalidwe
chake. Ndipo mtengowo tsiku lina kwenikweni anatentha, monga dala atangomwalira
akadali. Mu kunja looneka lawi, pamene internally unayamba Mulungu ndi mwini
Ndithudi, ife tikhoza kulingalira njira; ife kalikonse koma mwachindunji kwa anthu
Soulflame chikhalidwe; koma popeza tikhoza kuganiza za chifukwa sitinkafuna
izo? Komanso amakakamiza ife ayi, aufzutun wathu wakunja diso kuchokera kunja
magetsi ansangala wa kunja lawi. N'chifukwa chiyani tiyenera kuligwiritsa
ntchito? Chifukwa Zimatisangalatsa kwambiri kuposa atakhala mu mdima ndi
kuzizira. Chabwino, mu mdima ndi kuzizira chikhalidwe, timakhalira pamene ife
sitikufuna kuti atsegule mumtima diso la maganizo pamaso pa mumtima malawi a
chilengedwe. Ngati chonde otsimikiza wina bwino kuchita izo, amene angakane
izo? Koma kuchuluka ndi zimene tiyenera kudziteteza!
Ngati ife kambali kamodzi kugwirizana lonse moyo mkombero wa mbewu: monga
timadziti magwero kotero tikuyamba mwa iye; monga amakankhira kuyendetsa maso
ndi nthambi ndi kupanga wosakhazikika pa yekha; monga amafunsira korona
zimapikukira m'mwamba ndi mizu kwambiri, wamphamvu ngakhale popanda wanu
dambo munthu angakonde uko kapena momwe kumeneko; monga iye akupereka
moni m'chaka ndi achinyamata masamba, m'dzinja ndi kucha; yaitali yozizira tulo,
ndipo amayamba kulenga mwatsopano; mu kuumitsa masamba ndi zapachikika mu
kutsitsimuka izo erects; kutsitsimuka pa zingwe; umherkriecht monga creeper, mpha
thandizo; - Chimafuna monga duwa zobisika chete mwa Mphukira, ndiyeno
nkubwera tsiku kumene atsegula kuwala; monga akuyamba akuchokera fungo ndipo
amalowa alternating magalimoto ndi agulugufe, njuchi ndi tizilombo; kodi kugonana
yogwira mwa iye; umathandiza m'mawa wokha; madzulo kapena atseka
mvula; kuwala motsatana; - Ndipo ndikuona kuti ayenera koma zovuta kwa ife,
zonsezi kutupa ndi kutupa, kwa mkati ndi kunja kusintha kuti umbava bwalo la moyo
pachabe, zopanda kanthu, chopanda kuganiza za zotengeka.
Ndithudi, palibe zizindikiro malingaliro munthu, mphaka, mpheta, nsomba, chule,
nyongolotsi, zimene tikuona apa; pali zizindikiro za poganiza Oil, msipu, kakombo,
ndi carnation, ndi ndere. Koma mumtima moyo wa zomera sayenera kubwereza wa
nyama, koma wowonjezera. Ndipo sanayambebe mokwanira kufanizira mu
zizindikiro za moyo ndi zathu akadali kusonyeza mbewu monga moyo wathu
naye? Sitinali odera amanyadira miyendo yathu, chimene ife tikupita-za iwo
Kudzilambatitsa zimachitika pamene yakwinjipa kuti ndi miyendo ngakhale umodzi
kuwalepheretse kumwalira. Inde, zomera ndingathe kuthamanga ndi kumafuula ngati
ife, palibe amene analankhula ndi iwo ku moyo; onse osiyanasiyana ndi wosakhwima
ndi chete khalidwe la moyo, iwo okha, osati kulemera ife mmene anthu coarse,
timasemphana nawo; koma zomera mwina basi wosayankhula kwa ife chifukwa

osamva kwa iwo. Koma tinganene lokha la mbewu umene uli chilala, iwo
amayang'ana chisoni, iye panted, ofooka. Ngati koma timamva zambiri za maliro,
wefuwefu, kukhumba kuti chomera kuposa okha, kuti ife tikhoze ndithu anasangalala
izi tione pamene alenjeka mapepala ndipo pafupi kumwalira? Zikuoneka naye koma
onse otchulidwa kwambiri kuyenda kuposa ife.Ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani sitifuna
kunena kwa yokumba maluwa kuti anlache ife ngati yamoyo, kukhala izo
nthawizonse ofanana ndi moyo? Chifukwa china kuposa chifukwa ife kuzindikira
kwenikweni kuseka moyo imeneyi yokha, osati kuti? Khristu anadzudzula Ayuda
amene ankafuna zizindikiro ndi zodabwitsa kuti ndikukhulupirira; sitili woipa kuposa
Ayuda, ife kuona zizindikiro ndi zodabwitsa za munthu wamoyo, koma sindikufuna
kuti amakhulupirira mwa? Tichite kumvetsera kuona kuti mukukhulupirira?
Ife tsopano kutitsogolera kamodzi onse mphindi kuti moyo bwalo bwinobwino
akumuona ndi maganizo kumene duwa Mphukira atsegula.
Monga kale analimbikitsa onse mu moyo wa mbewu pambuyo imeneyi mmbuyo,
ndipo izo zikuwoneka ngati popanda pa wamphamvu, mwadzidzidzi, zosangalatsa
anadabwa pamene tsopano kuswa lotseguka zimene iwo okha chabe anafuna mu
mdima, anafola, popanda ndithu podziwa zimene agwiritsidwa, amalandira nthawi
yomweyo poyera chalices monga mphatso yochokera kumwamba mu utumiki
pulasitala chitsulo, chitsanzo cha zimene adzakhala kamodzi analandira ntchito yathu
ku apamwamba a apamwamba, pamene moyo anagumula ngakhale thupi
lathu. Kapena Kuyerekezera izo tsopano ndi padziko zenizenizo! Tut mwina duwa
mosiyana motsutsa kumvetsa kuposa zimene munthu zokongola maluwa
limapezekanso pa thupi la munthu, monga diso chikuyamba kwa nthawi yoyamba
motsutsa kuwala? Makutu mwina awo losindikizidwa, ankanyamula pamodzi
Mphukira masamba wina popanda kuposa gulugufe okha losindikizidwa,
ankanyamula pamodzi mu chidole mapiko? Zikuoneka ngati chikhalidwe watipatsa
mmaso ndipo fracturing mu anakalipa agulugufe weniweni kumverera mu mmwamba
ndipo anakalipa maluwa chabe akunja zizindikiro mtima; tinali kumeneko yekha
kutengeka womata thereinto anaika? Ngati chikhalidwe si wamphamvu ndi waphindu
ndi chozama amphatso ndi kusindikiza mphamvu adzakhala pamene ife tikhoza
kumupatsa chinachake iye anali atavala zambiri mtima wapamtima palokha, osati
zathu zonse machulukidwe ngakhale yekha wotumbululuka chinyezimiro cha
maganizo awo adzakhala limene Inde tokha si analandira ndi ukubwera, koma
yekha.Kuganiza kochuluka monga tingaganize tokha mu ukuyanga maluwa, iye ali
ndithu wamng'ono, inde ndithu kwambiri; Aliyense amene si feign zotengeka, iye ali
mwakuya ndi mokulira kuposa wina aliyense angathe kuona izo.
Komabe, ine sindikutanthauza kuti mwa maluwa nyengo, kuti Timatha mbewu
maso, amene mwina ena amakhulupirira kuti pa iwo ndithu modzala manja, kuti
anapatsa iye. Ndipo Komanso anali wokongola mdima chinthu wamng'ono
zotengeka, kodi moyo uko, mwina akuda kuposa zathu zowawitsa loto
maganizo. Koma mphamvu ndi losavuta kumva, tsopano padera, n'chifukwa chiyani
sakhulupirira kuti pamene mbewu amaona mu pachimake, amaona asanabadwe
maluwa, pamene ine kuti tikadzakhala Gulugufe imene nacho butterfly, inedi amaona
ngati mbozi? Zomera pamaso maluwa boma Komabe, pamlingo winawake ndi vuto

ake m'tsogolo maluwa boma. Iwo kudzutsidwa yekha ndi maluwa tanthauzo
latsopano ndi moyo chidziwitso mwa iye amene apereka zonse yapita inamera,
timadziti ndi amakakamiza ina ndi ntchito, kenako ndithudi, iye wonse ndi matenda.
Kuti yaing'ono MPATUKO, ndi maluwa ndi tizilombo, makamaka agulugufe,
konse m'malo chidwi kufanana imodzi ndi complementarities okha kuti maluwa,
komabe lofotokozabe ake mbuyomo siteji, ndi oposa chimodzimodzi monga m'munsi
mwa iwo wokha, pamene gulugufe mbuyomo siteji kwathunthu anavula, kapena
molondola, wakhala repealed ndi mwa iwo okha. Zomera moyo thupi lake kumanga
monga staircase amene udachitikira ndi maluwa kuti tikhalebe untern
magawo; Gulugufe ntchentche zikuoneka ake kale msinkhu, koma izo kwenikweni
amanyamula ndi mu mlengalenga, kuwapanga Kuzindikira kuti apamwamba,
choncho Mwamsanga pamene zakuya. Mbozi miyoyo ya therere, amene ali
mwamuna chithunzi, gulugufe ku pachimake kuti ndi fano lake. Choncho pafupi,
Gulugufe ndi chomera okha pamodzi ake moyo bwalo. A chikumbutso cha moyo
wina akhoza womwenso ndi izo. Mbozi lapeza zomwe ankagwirira ntchito wamba
boma, anamuukitsa kwa mlingo wokwera kuli kuwala pano kachiwiri; choncho
munthu ngati bwalo la moyo, limene ankakhala pano, ndipo tsiku lina adzapeza
okwera apamwamba boma; koma ngati gulugufe kenako kuyendayenda zoposa zikwi
zina maluwa, mwina tsiku lina adzakhala nafe. Zomera amakondwera ukupweteka
pamene mbozi gnaws pa masamba. Akuganiza ena: aukali mphaka! Ndiye, pamene
gulugufe koma pankhani duwa, angachite iye wokoma monga amachita naye. Koma
ngati chomera mbozi palibe kale wokula bwino ndi ululu, gulugufe sakanakhoza
tsiku lina n'kubwera naye zosangalatsa. Choncho tikhoza kuganiza kuti zimene ife
nsembe ena m'moyo uno ndi ululu, kamodzi anabwerera m'tsogolo moyo
chimwemwe cha angelo. Koma ngati ife tinkaganiza, maluwa m'munda salinso
empfnden ngati pepala maluwa, kotero izo zikanakhala ndithu kanthu kochita ndi izi
ndi zina zithunzi zokongola; mafanowo ngakhale pepala maluwa.
Angati ndikufuna kukhala unenjoyed m'chilengedwe, mwinanso zomera calyx
chikho adzakhala kuukoka, tingathe, amene yekha sanamwe awa makapu, ngakhale
nkomwe anaganiza; koma ambiri udakalipo kwa ife zokwanira, izo analekerera athu
imeneyi. Kulonga n'cigwagwa awo ikuthamanga moyo kukopedwa mabwalo mfundo
zingapo kwambiri.
Kodi nyama zimapangitsa wotuluka ndi achinyamata ndi mame chinachake; izo
agwedeza kuchokera iye ndi amadzibisa ku mvula. Komanso ife kundikalipira, tili
amawanda mu zingwe, ambabzala pa maambulera kutiteteza kuti mvula; Zomera
Komabe, ngati anabzala zowonetsera kumugwira iye; aliyense tsamba kufalikira ku
limakukhudzirani ngakhale dzenje kwa izo; monga duwa, anafuna kwambiri kwa
moyo m'kuunika ndi mtima wofunitsitsa kutseka motsutsa mvula, kuti pambuyo pake
wokongola kwambiri kutsegula kachiwiri;chonsecho mbewu ndi mame ndi mvula,
chizindikiro zotsitsimutsa. Koma zonsezi si popanda ife. Timawatcha mpumulo
zomera ayenera chabe ulemerero akuti ndi kutupa kwa chofewa ngati siponji ma
minofu; Kukhala monga mvula ndi mame kuti zonyansa chonyowa.
Mlimi adzakhala ndithudi komanso za mvula, chifukwa izo mosiyana pankhani

kukakolola, ndipo ife, chifukwa ife mvula kukonza fumbi ndi timadzifunsa
mwatsopano maonekedwe; koma kuti yokha yosalunjika
chimwemwe; kwatipulumutsa si funso okhalapo amene akuyang'anira mtsogolo
mwachindunji mame ndi mvula. Koma tsopano zonse zimayendera limodzi kwambiri
zokongola. Mlimi zikanakhala chifukwa mvula ankalimbikitsa kutukuka kwa mbewu
zake ndi monga kutali wake amafunitsitsa; Chabwino, mbewu adzakupatsani awo
kutukuka anasangalatsa mwachindunji pano. Tikusangalala pamene dothi misewu ndi
minda kusamba kutali; ndi lakutali wothandizila kachiwiri, timafuna
kulimbikitsa; wophuka pa Munjila zimenezi ndi mbali zina, adzakhala mwachindunji,
adakondweretsa kuti fumbi yagwa yekha.
Palibe kumathandiza kulingalira, pamene palibe misempha zofunika poganiza kuti
ngati mame m'malovu mmawa kwala chomera, ndi ngati kumverera mtengo malo a
kuzirala, ndiyeno dzuwa lituluka, Sonnenbildchen ngati mtengo banga kutentha
kumva, ndiyeno amaona bwanji pang'onopang'ono wegleckt mame. A wokongola
masewera a kutengeka, amene pa nyama ubweya sindingakhoze basi
chichitike; Choncho logwedezeka iyi ubweya kuchokera Mame; Choncho n'chinthu
mbewu manja awo dzenje motsutsana. Ukulu ndi ulemerero, amene ali ndi beperlte
dambo kunja kwa ife, ine ndikuganiza, chabe akunja kusinkhasinkha za moyo
chimwemwe iye ali mkati. Ndi kwambiri wokoma kuganiza kuti izo zinali
chomwecho, koma tsopano inenso sindikupeza pang'ono chopinga kuganiza kuti izo
zinali zoona. Ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani tiyenera amakonda kuuza moyo chabe
kumwa madzi pamene tili ndi ufulu madzi ndi pakati kum'soetsa mtendere?
Monga mame ndi mvula, zingakhale ndi mphepo. Kungakhale zambiri za izo
idachotsedwa kanthu pamene zomera zosaposa tili kuzindikira za ntchito
yake. N'chifukwa chake kudziteteza ayi nyumba, palibe malaya, palibe kubisala
Komabe, omasuka koma kunja, unakhota ndi kulozetsa, zikugwedezeka ndi mantha
mphepo. Chakuti mizu mwa dziko lapansi, ndi zofanana kapena pagona kwambiri
kuukira kuposa ife; mpaka mizu umalandira concussion ndi aliyense tsamba
amanjenjemera ndi chimvula. Ndikutanthauza kuti chomera mwina ndimakonda izi
kunyamula kwambiri tingati ngati mphepo zimatengera ife kupyolera tsitsi
lake. Tsitsi lathu anafa mbali tokha; masamba a zomera koma moyo; Yathu zofewa
linanena ndi zimfundo mbali si oyenera kulandira kugwedera ndi kufalitsa kupyolera,
monga awo okhwima tsinde kapena phesi. Timakhala ndi yaing'ono Phokoso
likalowa m'makutu mwa ife, amene mwamphamvu clamped ndipo amanjenjemera
kuchokera kunja mpweya mafunde. Mmera, drummed ndi maganizo amenewa
Phokoso likalowa m'makutu kuti mphepo; ndipo ife kumva phokoso kunja kwa
malikhweru wa mphepo mwa masamba a mitengo, monga mwinamwake chomera
amakonda amaona mkati. Inu mukuganiza kuti palibe amene amamva kupatula
pamene ife kutafuna zolimba kutumphuka mkate pamene ife internally amphamvu
kwambiri kumva izo. Ngakhale zimaoneka bata mpweya, pamene izo chisanu,
tikuona zidutswa za chipale chofea osinthasintha, ndi kugwa padziko. Kodi ife
kuona zimenezi mpweya kayendedwe? Tilibe mabungwe kutero. Zomera mwina
ndithu limba kwa izo;pang'ono kayendedwe ka mpweya kumabweretsa koma
pang'ono kugwedera ndi kupinda iye, akugwira ntchito kupyolera mwa chinthu

chonsecho; chifukwa osati kugwedera, ndi kupinda amachita izo. Apa ndi tsamba
akuyese-, kotero njira amadziwikanso constricted, ndi timadziti ali lonse chomera,
kukhale kotero pang'ono, kupita apo ayi. Mphepo rustles mwa nkhalango zambiri,
ngakhale kuti ndife ndithu involuntarily ndikumverera mzimu wa chilengedwe
kudzera kuledzera. Ndi choonadi tsopano mitengo ndi maluwa lalikulu moyo zingwe
zeze kudza ku chidwi imene imapangitsa mphepo. Aliyense chingwe zikumveka
kusiyana maganizo chifukwa aliyense wamangidwa mosiyana, ndipo Mulungu
adzamva ambiri masewera palokha.
Taganizirani fungo. More Kukoma kwake zikuoneka kuti ife; koma adzakhala
wonse kununkhira amene si kulikonse zimatengera mphuno zathu; laling'ono gawo la
ife, Koma duwa si chotengera cha zofukiza? Aliyense amavutika kunyumba, ndi
chinthu wosaneneka Wokondeka, wokondeka mu zamaluwa fungo; koma patsala kuti
mbali chimwemwe choposa chomwe chimadza chinthu; ife mtengo wake
kusangalatsa kwake, pamene ife tikudziwa bwanji kuti muzisangalala, osati miniti
imodzi tingasunge mphuno duwa, kotero ife watopa ndi kupita; Koma fungo la
maluwa kosalekeza, ngati iye anali kukwaniritsa khola malonda. Kodi anabweretsa
nsembe zautsi kwa Mulungu? Koma kodi kutumikira Mulungu nsembe zimene si
anamubweretsera ndi moyo? Mosadziwika bwino, oposa theka onse pachabe ngati
kununkhira kwa maluwa, osati zambiri cholinga chenicheni pali chabe kwa ena, si
cholinga chenicheni; ngati ife, moyang'anizana ndi maluwa moyo kunja, akupeza
maswiti, oposa zina atasiya zimene nazo mu maluwa moyo wace. Amene anamva
kuimba lokoma song, umene amene anaimba izo, sankaonanso ndi amene adamva,
makamaka ngati palibe moyo naye? Kodi sitiyenera Chifukwa amaganiza kuti
maluwa mkati elaboration ndi outflow wa lokoma kafungo ka mtima wake ndi
wamkulu kwambiri kuposa timaona ake akunja kuchuluka? Tsopano chalice kuthira
akadali Komanso izi zonunkhira chikwi zina chalices, ndi chalice kuwalandira
kuchokera ku zikwi zina chalices. Monga yosaoneka nkhungu amakopa kununkhira
kwa maluwa ndi maluwa, ndipo mphepo iwombela komabe iye akutali mipanda ndi
zopangidwa. Ngati ndi pachabe? Osati umo tizindikira bwino chifukwa chake ndi
maluwa onunkhira kosalekeza Koma palibe amene akupita mu munda? Munayamba
kupita wina ndi mnzake kuti, pamene iwo amaoneka ngati lokhazikika. Aliyense
maluwa moyo monga mwa zimene amachokera zina maluwa pa zenera lake,
kulandira kudzikayikira zomwe zikuchitika mu mzake maluwa moyo; monga mawu
amene timamva kubala lolingana maganizo ife, monga anthu amene iwo kutchula
Andre. Ngakhale mawu amasangalala Tete chabe ku mkati kugonana mtumiki,
chifukwa zikhale zochepa fungo? Mawu kwa ife, fungo zomera; amene akuvomereza
sindikudziwa tsopano ali ozindikira zinthu kusamutsa mawu amenewa; koma pali
chabe maganizo ndi ena miyoyo mu izo, ngakhale kumverera? Ngakhale kuti mwina
odorless maluwa, koma osalankhula nyama? Ndithudi, ife sitikuona makamaka
akangoganiza maluwa fungo; koma monga wamangidwa kwathunthu monga chalice
akuchokera kununkhira, zikuoneka ndithu anamanga kumulandira iye kachiwiri,
mfulu ndi lonse ndi wotseguka ndipo mosavuta kufalikira kwa. Tiyeni tikumbukire
yekha kuti sitikudziwa nkomwe zimene zathu mumtima m'mphuno m'dera
chimathandiza fungo, nanga mumtima padziko maluwa kukhala mofanana bwino

waluso?
Pakuti ife ndi nyama limba kununkhiza ndi zobisika; Tili mu tortuous m'mphuno
turbinates wapadera zipangizo, kuonjezera fungo-kulandira padziko; mu mbewu
panalibe ofunikira artifices, ndendende chifukwa dziko lonse maluwa ndi lotseguka
kwa kutola ndi fungo. Kodi odzikonda yaitali ndi cholinga chachikulu, izo nthawi
zonse kuchita chosavuta bwino mawonekedwe kuposa zimene ena ayenera kukhala
wamng'ono monga mbali yachiwiri.
Fungo amatitsogolera kulawa, ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani sitiyenera osagwirizana,
kudalira yakeyake, popeza kwambiri chikhalebe ungeschmeckt m'chilengedwe ngati
si zomera analawa? The munthu, nyama iri wokha wokha zomera ndi nyama
zina; chomera chilichonse amakonda anthu ndi nyama sindimakonda; inde kwambiri
ngati zimene kwambiri wolapa.Kotero ife tiri pano kachiwiri ndi zapadera, ngati wina
kuposa nyama adakali kulawa zomera, ndi theka, ngati iwo sangakhoze kuchita
izo. Tsopano ife tikuwona Komanso kuti aliyense chomera malinga ake chikhalidwe
wosankhidwa amapangidwa mwa zakudya. Pakuti chomwecho pansi angapo zomera
kuyamwa Zina Zambiri; chiphunzitso cha mbewu kasinthasintha akutsimikizira icho
mu Great; Zoyesayesa za naturalists akhala mu kakang'ono. Aliyense chomera
umakoma mofanana sadzalawa aliyense nyama chomwecho. Inde, zomera ali mano,
palibe lilime; Koma si aliyense muzu CHIKWANGWANI, aliyense pepala, zomwe
ndalama chakudya ndi akukhatira ndi lilime? Chifukwa tikudziwa kuti chizikula ndi
nyimbo komanso ndi mizu. Ndipo n'chifukwa kutafuna chakudya ngati akudziwa
mmene kupirira anthu opanda mano?
Wina akunena kuti mbewu wakudya akufa zochita kupanga zipangizo, amalankhula
si choncho kuti mukhoza apititse kukakambirana kumverera ngati nyama kuti
amakonda kale organic zinthu? Zomera kukonzekera akufa chifukwa chongofuna
kusintha isanafike moyo; koma izi zimachitika wokha akadali pa wapakatikati siteji
pakati pa moyo ndi imfa. Koma ndifunse: izo silinena zambiri umoyo, kupanga
akufa, kusintha moyo? Zomera amapanga kuchokera yaiwisi lapansi, madzi, mpweya
ndi yoola zinthu zokongola kuoneka; nyama wakhala ochepa adzachita, ndiyeno
kutembenuka kale kotero agwera moyo mankhwala palokha. Koma paliponse tikuona
kuti aliyense mlendo kumachitika chinachake kwa chamoyo kwambiri, moyo khama
Choncho anafunika ndiphunzire izo, amakonda ndi kukamuukitsa zotengeka. Kotero,
ine ndikutanthauza, tili ndi malamulo zathu chamoyo kuganizira kufunafuna
chimodzimodzi, koma zambiri kumverera mu chomera pa kuloerera zakudya
monga mwa ife.
Powombetsa potsiriza zimene zikhoza kukhala apamwamba kwa mbewu, kuwala
mu diso kachiwiri. Komanso diso lathu amakhudzidwa kuwala; Izi unenjoyed Koma
mbewu Comrade kanthu za izo. Koma mmene mwina anasangalala ndi chomera
amene adzathere pa kuunika kwa moyo? Ndani wa ife amakonda kuyang'ana dzuwa
ndi molunjika maso? Osati dzuwa, chokha chimene iye akuona, ife angayesere
kuyang'ana. Inde, ngati zikuoneka kuti ife kuti pachimake, timadalira
chipewa. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi nyama wonse. Ngakhale mphungu ndi zouluka
kwa dzuwa, kukoka wake wachitatu chikope pa diso. The maluwa koma amachita

lokha kwathunthu motsutsa kumvetsa, kotero ndiye kuwala ndi anatsegula; The
kwambiri kuwala kuwala pa iwo, m'pamenenso iwo akuchitireni okha, tidzachita
zonse zambiri maso athu motsutsa izo; ndipo umakhala modabwitsa ndipo
mosangalala izo ngati inu pambuyo pake kachiwiri ndi mpumulo wa mvula ndi
mame. Koma tiyeni kusiya zonse zimene kachiwiri saimira kwambiri. Kuyenera
kukhala okhalapo amene mukuona kuwonjezera pa dzuwa kumbali, mwina sunbathe
mu zinyansi ya dzuwa. Koma ine ndikutanthauza, kani, amene akhoza kuyang'ana
kutali basi pafupi ndi dzuwa, basi zikutsimikizira kuti luster zambiri
mosayembekezera kuposa amene akufuna kuona wowongoka.
Izo nzoona, mbewu kachiwiri alibe diso, anamanga monga ife tomwe; osati
zipangizo kuti fano la zinthu ndi pa n'lakuti ngati m'maso mwathu. Koma chomwe
izo akumufuna? Iye basi osati kuthamangira zinthu, osati Kenako ngati ife. Mwaichi,
tiyenera kumene kutsogoleredwa ndi fano la zinthu. Kwa iye chirichonse akubwera
palokha zimene likufuna. Koma mmalo mwa zinthu zimene dzuwa likuwala,
zingakhale ndi bescheinenden dzuwa, ndi kukhala nthawi imodzi ngakhale sunlit
chinthu. M'malo molola zokongola chithunzi cha zinthu kujambula, monga
zimachitika wathu diso, iye akupereka yekha zokongola sunbeam anabwelenso
zimenezi, titero, palokha. Kuwala chomera; kukakamiza iye mtundu; izo akamaphika
ku iye timadzi tokoma ndi kununkhira; izo chimafufumitsa, izo ukusefukira zonse
izo; adasonkha mwa iye chinawonjezeka maganizo awo kuli-Magetsi, ndipo m'bukuli
imachitikanso zochita za munthu Supreme za palokha. Iye akuyang'ana, ndi
kuyang'ana dzuwa, titero, Mulungu wawo pamasom'pamaso mu chidzalo cha
ulemerero wake, ndi dzuwa alidi moona kowala diso la Mulungu, imene amayang'ana
ndi zimene iye amaona iwo kachiwiri.
Ngakhale Schelling anati, kodi mbewu chikumbumtima, adzapembedza kuwala
monga mulungu wawo. Chabwino, iye alibe wolingana olemera chikumbumtima,
monga wathu ndi iye amakonda koma kukhala mu lingaliro cheza cha dzuwa, zomwe
zikutipatsa bwino pamwamba awo kale bwino dera ngati ife kulandira Mulungu mu
malingaliro. - The zotsatirazi kuchita wokongola ndemanga ndinawerenga Hegel a
nzeru za chilengedwe (p 425):
"Madzulo, pamene iwe ulowa kum'mawa pa maluwa dambo, munthu amaona
pang'ono, mwinamwake palibe maluwa chifukwa onse dzuwa akukumana; ndiye
emblazoned usiku mbali zonse za maluwa ngakhale m'mawa pa udzu pamene kuli
oyambirira. popanda m'mawa akubwera, palibe maluwa, pokhapokha ngati dzuwa
chitaya, iwo kutembenukira chakum'mawa ". - Kodi ndithu ngati duwa dambo
atagwira Community vespers ndiyeno, akadali ndi nkhope kwa Mulungu, anagona
tulo? Koma Mulungu safuna kumulola iye kugona;iwo adzagwa mobwerezabwereza
ake Search ndi kupeza kuyenda naye ndi chimwemwe. Ndicho chifukwa iye amapita
usiku mwachinsinsi kumbuyo kwake ndi amadzuka m'mawa ndi ambiri ngongole ndi
akufunsa kumene ine ndiri? Ndipo aliyense wasiya mutu, mpaka iwo anamupeza iye,
ndipo tsopano akubwera masiku pa naye.
N'zoona kuti si onse zomera ndi maluwa kuyang'ana molunjika mu dzuwa; angati
kuti otsetsereka; inde ena kumeneko kuti kutsegula madzulo ndipo panali m'mawa

kapena pafupi pamaso mmawa. Taganizirani za mfumukazi ya usiku. 2) Komanso

sizikutanthauza kuti munthu aliyense ndi mtundu uliwonse mu maluwa izo
kubweretsa apamwamba nsonga za kuwala moyo; apamwamba a mtundu wake ku
kufikira kwa anthu ochepa okha. Ngati alipo ochepa amene sanasiyiretu moyo wawo
kwa Mulungu, momwe ochepa amenewa tsiku lina kuyang'ana wonse. Ndi okwanira
kuti koma mwayi ayenera kumwedwa mu maluwa ufumu, kufikira yaikulu komanso
apamwamba azisangalala ndi kuwala, koma kwina. Ena maluwa angakhale
wapachala kuwala, monga ena nocturnal nyama; Komabe lokha kuti aliyense maluwa
ichi khalidwe mosiyana ndi chachilendo, ngati munthu aliyense ndi nyama kuchita
mwachirendo kwa iye kutengeka kuno, kuti amati kuwala kwenikweni amenewa
nzothandiza makamaka zomera.
2)

Mfumukazi ya Night, Cereus grandiflorus, chimayamba pa 7 koloko

madzulo ndipo atseka pakati pa usiku; ndi wapadera maluwa izo
wabalalitsidwa. The maluwa a Mesembryanthemum noctiflorum tisiyanitse
masiku angapo chikuyamba consecutively madzulo 7 koloko ndipo atseka pa 6
kapena 7 koloko m'mawa kachiwiri. Komanso pali ena ngati maluwa. (Decand.
Physiol. Bzalani II. 27. 28)

Ndiye kuli bwanji kuti unali kuwala kwa zomera ife, n'lakuti kuchokera malangizo
iwo motsutsa izo, ndicho chakuti pali mphamvu kwambiri kumasintha moyo wawo
wonse ndondomeko koposa wathu. Sitikudziwa kukula mwinamwake, sitipuma
m'kuunika mosiyana ena kuposa kuwala. Kufufuza ndi operewera zithunzi za
sunbeam pansi pa khungu lathu;kokha diso amakhudzidwa wochenjera
chithumwa. Koma mbewu yake pa nkhope yonse amve chithumwa kuwala, monga
kupanda ichi kuwalimbikitsa. Iye ndi amene amakhala obiriwira, ndi amene
amasankha iwo adzaphuka; chifukwa popanda kuwala aliyense therere akhala sallow,
akufuna kukhala osati kutheratu. Popanda kuwala kumawonjezera ake evaporation,
therere mabasi kupuma danga lokha kupereka zikumera ndi yopapatiza ndipo ndi
yaitali wotumbululuka, m'malo amphamvu ndi zowawa zinthu kubala basi bland ndi
okoma. Ina iliyonse mtundu mtengo palibe chikoka pa moyo ndondomeko ya
zomera. Maluwa anayamba pagona moyo m'kuunika monga therere laliwisi; iye
amapuma mosiyana m'menemo 3), akutembenukira mwinamwake m'menemo, adzatambasula
mosiyana m'menemo. Tsopano tikuchita zinthu kuti, zofunika kwambiri ndi zofunika ndi
kuwalimbikitsa yosunga ndi chitukuko cha moyo, koposa komanso amadalira ake
mediocrity, kusowa kapena kuchuluka, yachibadwa moyo kapena zikamera
mwapadera zosowa maganizo amene ndi kupanda kapena kuchuluka Moyo
nzothandiza akukhudzana; koposa wina aliyense Kusintha kwa nzothandiza amaona
konse. Motero, tikhoza kuganiza kuti nayenso kuwala ndi wofunika kwambiri
tanthauzo kwa Timatha mbewu, ndicho wosiyana kwa maluwa monga masamba.
3)

The pachimake ankadya mpweya m'kuunika, pamene therere akhale.

Wina akhoza kuganiza kuti ndithu chakuti maluwa lokha poyera ndi opanda
chiopsezo akufotokoza sunbeam, ndiyankhule kwambiri motsutsana ndithu tilinazo
kwa kuwala komweko; chifukwa ife khungu lathu eyelids pafupi ndi dzuwa,
takambiranawa mowonekera chizindikiro chachikulu tilinazo kwa izo. Koma tikuona
mwatsatanetsatane, choncho ndi m'malo kwambiri kukakala okha kwambiri chitetezo
cha tilinazo zimene tiyenera kukumbukira pa mbewu. Ndipotu mbandakucha kupirira
kwa dzuwa pa mbali ya mbewu basi zimadalira kuti awo allverbreiteten irritability
kuunika ngakhale kwa osakwatira mfundo imeneyi kuwala akupanga zida
anawonjezera monga ife disolo zida wa diso. Mwa ichi dzuwa chifanizo ndi
mphamvu yathu diso yekha ndi ife kukwiya kuunika malo maganizo, timaona zedi,
ndi akuthwa glare; chomera amapereka popanda amenewa Brennglas kuwala
kukwiya kulikonse ilipo, koma kuti kwambiri chifukwa overstimulation limodzi malo
osati mosavuta umamumvera. Ife tiri mu winawake m'lingaliro paiwo kwambiri
penapake. Chifukwa timatha kuona kuwala, wathuyu kwambiri mbali mwa, zokha
chidutswa cha diso; zidutswa ano tiyenera kuthandiza wa yokumba, kotero ife tiri ndi
magalasi a maso athu; chithandizo akadali zoposa pang'ono kwambiri, ndipo Komano
Kumafunikira yokumba azitsamba kachiwiri. Pakuti poyera yosavuta ufulu
kufalitsidwa kwa zomera ndi kuwala panafunika Komano ngakhale yokumba
Collection, komabe nkhawa zitetezeni Korrektionsmaregeln. N'zoona kuti chintchito
diso ife anderm mfundo chabe kusonkhanitsa kuposa kuwala, komanso kukonza izo
mu chifanizo; koma kwa ife, ndi pamenepa phindu limene palibe wina akhoza
zomera.
Ndipotu, mudzati, koma kodi, wapamwamba, kudzatenga kodi Pali ife kuthetsa
okha chomera, umene uli chiimirebe Mulimonsemo pempho lathu chozama
maganizo; Tsopano inunso muzichita wamphamvu ndi watanthauzo ndazindikira
monga anthu komanso nyama! Choncho alolera kuposa momwe ife; tiyenera, kani.
chokha kapena kuti akupangira cha kudzimva zimene amaona kumbali zonse,
kwathunthu
Ndipo kwenikweni, ine ndikukhulupirira kuti mbewu kuposa ife, mwa ufumu
wopepuka. Ndendende chifukwa ulibe apamwamba moyo wauzimu, mwina m'munsi,
tanthauzo la moyo, kuyendera amenewa digirii ya chitukuko mwa iye, akusowa
ife. Choncho, moyo kutumikira apamwamba moyo mwa zomera, izo amayendetsa
Es schien mir, da die Natur wohl nicht ein Geschpf fr solche
bizinesi yake paokha. Ndi kulakwitsa ngati timaganiza kuti chikhalidwe ndi
Verhltnisse so schn und sorgsam gebaut htte, um es blo als
cholengedwa
ndime kwambiri mu iliyonse akupereka chozama kupitirira Andres. Tut
Gegenstand miger Betrachtung darzustellen, zumal da tausend
izo zonse zatha, basi kulera m'munsi mlingo kwa udachitikira zake. Choncho kamba
Wasserlilien
da sie jemand
betrachtet;
skims
komaverblhen,
zambiri ohne
mphungu;
iye fungo
madzi mbakonda izo; ndi woodworm
Contribuu a millorar la traducci
akudziwa ndipo amamva bwino kuposa anthu; iye ali basi apo, ngakhale kuti mtengo
adzakhala kulawa, pamene anthu lilime yosamveka. Ine ndikutanthauza, zomera
amakhala choncho chomveka ndi YOSATSIRIZIDWA ndi dziko lapansi, madzi,
mpweya ndi kuwala, kuti bwino kwambiri zenizeni kwa Timatha kusintha konse
momwemo; akuyambitsa koma zenizeni m'moyo wawo ndondomeko mu izo. Koma
momwe sizitero ndi zochita zawo kupyolera mu chipinda, si kupita kutali ndi
maganizo awo kudzera nthawi, osati kutsogolo, kapena kufunika, kapena kuti
ndinaganiza, sakuganiza konse, koma moyo m'dongosolo , matupi kulandiridwa ndi

Text original

kuyesetsa motsutsana. Ngakhale mfundo zina zithunzi mwina kuchokamo. Ine

atanthauzire udindo zomera kuno; zidzakhala Patapita (khumi ndi chinayi) zambiri za
izo ndi tiyeni tinene izo. Ndi kuti ngati tikufuna kuwapulumutsa ochepa kuda
kumverera kwa zomera, zotsala ku kwambiri ndi okongola kwambiri chifukwa moyo
wawo komanso yekha limafotokoza; inde izo sakanakhalanso zaphindu, ngakhale
kulankhula za izo. Chifukwa inu mukhoza kuwona kuti ndithu kuti amphamvu
kwambiri ndiponso wokongola ziweto ali mu kukongola ndi kumanga mphamvu ya
kudzikonda contiguous wolemera chakuya kuona chilengedwe zomwe choti ife
anayamba moyo wa uzimu onse ubale umene anthu ndi nyama ndi kusiyana ,
wachabechabe incompleteness kudziwa kuwonjezera wowonjezera kwa iye. Ndi
lalikulu bwanji zimenezi kusiyana adzakhala ngati sadaikemo mbewu
ufumu. Zimenezi si zachilendo zonse maluwa; koma tikufuna mizindayo iye chidzalo
cha masamba ndi tiyeni tiyime pang'ono stamens. Ndipo zikhale ngakhale kuti ife
mwina anali pang'ono kwambiri mu zomera, kotero izo zangokhala mtengo
amalipiritsa chifukwa kuti ngati ndithu chochepa kwambiri kuphunzira mwa iwo.

V. khalidwe la zomera.
Aliyense chomera zikuoneka kuti ife aliyense mnzake mu kuwala kwa munthu
wamoyo khalidwe-zosiyanasiyana, njira bwino limasiyana mu mwamsanga
kwambiri, monga angaonere ndi mawu. Taganizirani Aurikel ndi Primrose; iwo ali
mmodzi kugonana, ndipo aliyense kuvumbitsira pagona nkhope. Ivy ndi vinyo
zikuoneka zokhudzana, nanga ina khalidwe! Tsopano ngakhale kumadera
Chakhalapo: a duwa, kakombo, ndi tulip, ndi violet; - An thundu, ndi msondodzi, ndi
birch,, ndi Oil; - Monga alekanitsa onse zitero. Koma aliyense kwathunthu
ogwirizana khalidwe yekha, kwathunthu mmodzi nkhungu. Mu chomera chilichonse
chabwino yowawitsa; zonse zobiriwira bwino lina; mu zonse okhwima ndi
okhwima; zina zonse zofewa ndi ofewa; limodzi ndi zimagawanitsa ndipo kachiwiri
zimagawanitsa ndipo kwambiri zimagawanitsa ndi spltend mwatsopano; ena
msinkhu ndi 'ndi chabe anatambasula; Ngakhale ena zimatsutsana, koma uthenga
kachiwiri atamangidwa ku ambiri chidwi. Onse a mawu koma sizinawakhudze
lomaliza; ndi angati zomera pali chifukwa amene khalidwe ife kupirira mawu ndithu
moyenera kuti bids, iye ali Timasonyeza kwambiri mwamphamvu mu kukumbukira
mmene tikumvera.
Ndi muli chinachake ofanana kwambiri monga khalidwe mawu a anthu
osiyanasiyana, moti ngakhale ndithu n'lakuti chizolowezi mwagwirizana
kuyerekezera yekha. Choncho Rose ndi poyerekeza ndi ukuyanga msungwana, ndipo
ukuyanga mtsikana ndi duwa; kakombo ali ngati woyera mngelo pakati maluwa, ndi
Tikayerekeza koyera angelo mtsikana mosangalala kachiwiri ndi kakombo; kotero
pachabe dona ndi tulip, wodzichepetsa mwana ndi violet, munthu wamphamvu ndi
wathundu kukumbukira mosavuta ndi mtima wonse kwa wina ndi mzake. (.
Taganizirani Freiligrath a ndakatulo: ndi kubwezera wa maluwa) pachabe kumene
kungakhale zopeza zonse zomera otchulidwa adzagonjetsa anthu otchulidwa
kapena; Maluwa, mitengo basi osati anthu; yokha apa ndi apo, ife tikuzindikira ndi
kutenga mawu onena, koma peculiarity a ena kapena mokwanira akufotokoza kapena

chimakwirira;koma kuti ndi ayi, koma kuti aliyense khalidwe zithunzi za zomera ndi
anthu kotero wogawana chikufanana lonse ndi kukumanizana ndi bwino kwambiri
kwakuti Buku mfundo mwatsatanetsatane.
Tsopano khalidwe akuti munthu kanthu koposa akuonekera ake mumtima moyo
alili. Unit ndi munthu peculiarity wa munthu anafotokoza mu mawu pamodzi,
akubwera pamwamba, zimaonekera lina moyo mu izo. Pamene ife tikubwera ku
chomera ndi analogi akuti popanda chinachake analogous, amene mawu kuti
kapadera; anayamikira unit ndi munthu peculiarity kanthu pano; galasi fano kumene
kanthu kumbuyo kuona apa?
Iwo amati ndi mawu akuti, kalilole chifaniziro cha Mulungu lingaliro, zooneka
pano. Chabwino, koma Mulungu lingaliro kumene kanthu kumbuyo. Basi osati
kufunika mu nthawiyo Lili Hendes kuti kudzikonda ndi apo, kudzifutukula lokha
mwa moyo, anam'chititsa, fanizo la chomera iyenela bwinobwino.
Ndipotu kwambiri zochitika zosiyanasiyana pankhaniyi ndi zomera kuposa athu
zojambulajambula ndi zipangizo. Ngakhale, iwo okha kanthu koma opanda moyo,
dziwani chinachake payekha khalidwe ndi kupeza zimene zimawachititsa kuoneka
kuchokera nkhungu; chinachake zokoma, tating'ono, wolemera, Daredevil,
wolemekezeka, olaula, amatikumbutsa wauzimu kapena zamatsenga omwewo
khalidwe. Koma ife tikudziwa izo wabzala pa manja a anthu kumeneko; izo
amanyamula anthu khalidwe, chifukwa ankaganiza kuti khalidwe lake. Koma mbewu
wapanga yekha kapena kwapangidwa ndi Mulungu, monga munthu; iye khalidwe
akuti kotero satanthauza mlendo, koma yachilendo moyo, chifukwa Mulungu ndiye
mlengi wa moyo wake.
Ichi ndi chifukwa chidwi ndi zimene timaona kuti maluwa moyo ndi ndakatulo,
zambiri yolimbikitsa, wapafupi kwambiri ndi pamene tivomera fano, ndi kupenta,
amene, pambuyo pa zonse, ngati izo kutenga apamwamba kwambiri mwauzimu
chidwi. Kodi chisamaliro ndi kukonda ena mtsikana chimakakamiza iye maluwa mu
mphika pa zenera, ndi kuthira izo, nasamba iye fumbi, ndi kutembenukira kwa
kuunika, ndipo anafunsa nyakulima mmene izo ndi kochita ndi izo; ndi Auricula
kapena Pelargonienzucht limanena zambiri zofanana chimwemwe pamene wina
njiwa kuswana. Ziboliboli, zojambula akhoza kukongoletsa malo athu bwino,
kusintha maganizo athu; koma si choncho kudzakhala nafe. Mmodzi amati: kufanana
kwa kwenikweni moyo amanyenga ife; Chipinda kukula ndi galimoto; izi
zikuwoneka ngati moyo; Images ndi mafano musati ali. Ndipo moti anafotokoza,
koma pa nthawi yomweyo chimasintha; Musanyengedwe ife, koma
zikutifikitsa. Ndendende chifukwa zomera yomera ndi abulusa, pachithunzipa, fano
osati akuwuka chabe ndi munthu wina, mukhoza Komanso zimatsatira pa nkhani ya
moyo; moyo umene uli fano, chabe mlendo; m'manja mwa maluwa, yake. Nature
angokhala ndi pasadakhale pamaso pa anthu, kuti luso, DS nyama, zomera, ngakhale
kuno.
Aliyense akuvomereza kuti ngati mwanayo monga kukakambirana ndi kumva
mphatso monga mayi sakanati, mayi sakadakhala moyo chikondi ndi
zosangalatsa. Ndipo kotero ndikuona kugona chimodzimodzi Mgwirizano kuti

sitingathe kuchita chidwi kwambiri ndi moyo maluwa mmene timachita, ngati iwo
analibe ngakhale kwambiri moyo; anatsutsana komabe kwambiri kuposa chidwi
chathu limanena kwa iwo; koma chifukwa maluwa ali achibale athu okha kwambiri,
monga tikhoza mosavuta kumvetsa mawu a moyo wake monga mayi ndi
mwana. Koma pali kwambiri chifukwa cha izo, kuti amamanga dera angapo akhoza.
Sadzapita mu malingaliro onse kuti? Choncho pamene ife kuonetsa kuti iye
involuntarily koma amachita. Kudziona nzeru zapamwamba, popanda lingaliro la
weniweni moyo wa chomera pansi anapereka, amene m'njira yakeyake popanda
khalidwe ndipo amangokhala ali pikitipikiti maganizo a anthu kudzera analogi wa
mbewu anafotokoza, choncho komabe kachiwiri anapeza mawu akuti wa munthu
wina. "Monga chomera," anatero Lotze mwake lonena pa zikhalidwe za luso
kukongola (p.55), "zinachokera awo majeremusi mbali zonse za iye chithunzi wake
inwohnender galimoto mphamvu, ndi mitambo ndi mphepo, iwo konse chinachake,
monga tsogolo lawo linali, momwemonso moyo uliwonse zikudalira pa wokha,
pulasitala wa dziko lonse lonse, amene ndithudi angachigwetse kunja makhalidwe
ake ndi mmene kanyamaka, koma sasintha ake zofunika pakati. " - Chabwino ndiye,
ine ndimati, pamene malingaliro zimenezi ndi abulusa ngati chomera, chifukwa
sangathe kupereka malingaliro kukhala galimoto ya mbewu?
Ndipo Ibid (p.38) limati: "Ndi chimodzimodzi ndingaliro ya ake anam'chititsa
mopupuluma, limene linasonyeza zophweka akalumikidzidwa wa masamba okha
kwa nthawi okwera a ntchito yawo, zomera akufotokozera zambiri zauzimu mitundu
ya maluwa ndipo ngakhale federated Ndondomeko ya chipatso; koteronso aliyense
chitukuko adzafunika pa ankaona ngati pang'onopang'ono enrichment ndi kuzama
kwa woyambirira lingaliro pakokha ".
Iwo akufuna kukhala zovuta kupeza ena nthanthi mabuku kufanana ndime kuti
yapita, amene ine kokha unsought anakaonekera tsopano kuwerenga. Chakuti iwo
anachokera wolemba amene ali ndi chizolowezi kusonkhana pa onse anzeru ndiponso
kuwaganizira kuti lakuthwa zotsatira, monga momwe ife kulankhula chakuti apa
kwambiri nzeru ndi kuzindikira lidzayendere monga mwachisawawa m'njira zambiri.
Anthu ndi nyama zimadalira khalidwe physiognomy, tiyenera ngakhale
characteristically zosiyana mkati dongosolo, ndi khalidwe dongosolo ndi moyo
zako. A osiyana moyo chuma kumafuna nthawi ina thupi chuma anasonyeza kapena
chonyamulira, ndipo ambiri mawonekedwe a sitima anasonyeza okha kunja ndi
nakadziyeretsere cohesive ndi chomaliza unit mkati chuma cha diso. Ndipo monga
ndi anthu ndi nyama unakambidwanso mogwirizana ndi mbewu. A anthu signatory
ngakhale mwina chitaya ake onse kanjedza monga characteristically osiyana akhale
ndi hatchings momwemo; aliyense osiyana chomera mawonekedwe koma, ngati
nyama iliyonse mawonekedwe, internally mosiyana aswa ndi maselo, ulusi,
machubu; mwinamwake komanso kuthamanga timadziti; mwinamwake mphamvu
kuchita. Ndipo osati pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana monga thundu, msondodzi,
tulip, carnation, kusiyana chichitike, koma ngakhale pakati pa anthu osiyanasiyana a
mtundu womwewo; sichidziwika bwino kuposa pakati pa mitundu, komanso akuda
ku akuda, mbewa mbewa alekanitsa zochepa bwino kuposa akuda ku woyera, mbewa

kapena makoswe mikango.

Ali tsopano mbewu thupi kwathunthu zonse zimene moyo ayenera uniformly ndi
imodzi zosiyanasiyana kuimira; n'chifukwa chiyani moyo wokha akusowa?
Chidwi, khalidwe zosiyanasiyana chomera anthu a mtundu womwewo m'munsizi
Decandolle a akuoneka kuti ine pankhani, yapakati alia, (Physiol II p.21 ..):
"Kaya chifukwa mitundu-yachibadwa kusintha pachimake, pali ena amene
amaoneka zimadalira anthu okha; za mmene timazindikira kwambiri kusiyana pakati
pa anthu a mtundu womwewo mu nyama, umene Zikuonetsa kuti nkhani zofanana
makhalidwe mu tebulo Adansons. 1), tikuona kuti ena Fliederstruche (Syr vulg) asangalala
pamene Uwerenge madigiri kutentha anali 620, ndipo zina zina 830. madigiri kutero; .. kuti mudziwe
zenizeni Esparsettestauden (Hedy onob. . L.) chinafala pambuyo 1100 madigiri kutentha ndi ena mpaka
pambuyo 1400. Kusiyana Mosakayikira oyambitsa zambiri kusiyana mu malo zomera pano ;. monga ku
kuteteza kapena yabwino kuchokera kumpoto mphepo waluso wa loyenda kale mizu watercourse etc .,
zina, izi modes Pofotokoza koma ikuoneka inadmissible Ndi Mwachitsanzo, zima- kuti mmodzi mu
inkaoneka ndi Rokastanienbumen kuyenda njira kumene mitengo yonse akuoneka kuti ali ndi udindo,
sayenera anthu ena zindikirani kuti pakapita chaka chilichonse .. kapena mochedwa kuposa ena onse
belauben ndipo posapita nthawi pachimake. Mu

tsiku langa awiri Rokastanienbume kuli

anaimirira botanic munda pa Montpellier pafupi ndi wina ndi mzake ndipo potsatira
mu zikhalidwe zomwezo ngati n'kotheka, koma asangalala umodzi mwa mitengo
patsogolo onse a nyumbayo ndi wina ku mapeto. Ine ndikudziwa Rokastanienbaum
pafupi Geneva (pa Plainpalais), chaka mwezi umodzi m'mbuyomo ndipo leafy kuti
kale kwambiri maluwa kuposa wina aliyense, koma popanda peculiarity wa malo
akanakhoza kufotokoza zimenezi zimene kale. A ofananawo Ine ndinadzipeza
kulembedwa m'buku limene inu simutero zambiri anatchula mwa sayansi ntchito. A
zoseketsa mlendo akuti wake alendo (a Memoires de A nthawi zonse beige zipsera,
Volume VI p.222). "Ine mlandu moyo pamene ine sanagwiritse ntchito mpata
umenewu kuuza mawu amene chimene ine kubwereza chaka Ngati ndili ili pa
chiyambi cha masika mu Paris. Pakati pa Rokastanienbumen ndi Tuileries, amene
mzikiti woboola pakati pamwamba pa mafano a Hippomenes ndi Atalanta, munthu
amene masamba pamaso wa mitengo ina yonse yapangidwa Paris. Pa mtengo ine
tsopano kale osachepera 25 . zaka, ndipo ine sindinayambe amugwire iye pa
chosasamala Inde, amafuna chinachake kwambiri kuti monga anthu ena
ndinalankhula za mtengo umenewu tsiku lina, kotero ine aapangiza chomwecho
kuonerera mu Zolembedwa agogo analemba; pa chizindikiro malowo anaona kuti
ndithu mtengo womwewo akutanthauza kuti ndinaziona. "
1)

The mawerengedwe a mlingo wa kutentha ikuchitika m'menemo mu

mwanjira yachilendo (Decand. II. 16), amene si koyenera kukambirana pano
pamene izo. Chabe zimenezi generic kuchita.

Komanso pano ndi imodzi mwa zotsatirazi ndemanga ndi Fritsch mwake lonena pa

nthawi zochitika mu masamba ufumu p.62: "Mmodzi amaona zambiri awiri mtima
wa mtundu womwewo, amene kusonyeza zikuoneka kuti akhale ofanana, awiri
zamoyo kukhala amene, mmodzi amene ofooka ndi olobodoka, patapita nthawi
yochepa mphamvu dwindles, pamene winayo wamphamvu wolimba akufotokozera
ndi kunja makhalidwe chimatsutsana, ngakhale onse majeremusi anayamba pansi
yemweyo m'deralo ndi nyengo ndi ofanana chisamaliro m'manja mwa chikhalidwe
kapena anthu ogawana anali obisika. Kwambiri ndi zimayambitsa zopambana izi, ndi
kafukufuku wawo likugwirizana ndi funso zimene moyo wa zomera kumeneko,
kotero limodzi kuti yaitali zikuoneka kuti satulukiridwa, kuzikhulupirira pa zomwe
zomera. "
Kodi ine ndachita patali chotero, ine yekha kugunda mu kosakhazikika sitima mwa
moyo, pamene ine ndinayang'ana pa duwa ubwenzi ndi madzi, amene anapereka
choyamba zonsezi tiganizira. Ndipo ndikatero ngati ndinaona moyo wa maluwa
anakwera ngakhale otsika nkhungu ku maluwa, ndipo koposa mu chifunga
chitakonzedwa, monga kuonerera zinthu zina cholinga ndipo potsiriza yabwino
chithunzi cha moyo bwino, ngakhale ulemerero, kudzera duwa. Iwo mwina anafuna
kachiwiri kukwera padenga la nyumba zawo maluwa kusangalala ndi dzuwa kuposa
panyumba; panali zobisika wokhulupirira kudabwa kwa anthu mwana.
Mu choonadi Koma zinkaoneka kuti ine mu zonse izi, zimene ine wakhazikitsidwa
m'chikalatachi; kwambiri bungwe kwambiri ankafuna, ndipo potsiriza kwambiri
chizindikiro ndi chizindikiro cha moyo ndi kumverera kunama kwa mbewu zomwe
ndinayamba kudzifunsa kwambiri, umene tsopano ndi ziweto zimene iwo
In einer Pflanze alles zart und fein;
akanakhoza
kukana
iye; ndipo ndinadabwa kwambiri, koma kupeza wofooka
Contribuu a millorar
la traducci
kwambiri pa dziko lonse. Chabwino munthuyo akutsutsa anapereka chimodzi ndi
chimodzi; mwachizolowezi lingaliro ndinali kubwerera kwa lamulo;chirichonse
koma osiyana mu maluwa kuposa anthu ndi nyama! Zinali ngati nsikidzi zoipa
tikulephera padziko maluwa, ndi mlendo za kumasulidwa chithunzi amene
kuwaopseza mwachizolowezi malo kuwononga kutali kuukira anapanga, ndipo
nthawi zina anachoka wamanyazi wamanyazi. Tsopano ndithudi, moyo, ndi
kwenikweni mkati malo anu! Lassalle kunja kulira kuzungulira nyumba yanu,
osadziwa za wokhala; m'nyumba palibe zingasokoneze izo. Koma malingana ngati
ine ndiri pano, ndisiya adani.

Text original

VI. Chomera imfa ndi -Leid.

Hart anayenda ine poyamba pa ganizo la momwe koma akamwalira sadzachitanso
ndi masoka onse atamwalira udzu ndi maluwa a dambo, onse m'makutu wa kumunda,
onse mitengo ya m'nkhalango, ngati chirichonse chimene kugwa pansi ndi
chikwakwa, ndi scythe, chikhalidwe, ndipo Ndinadzifunsa kuti: chikhalidwe ayenera
ambiri zolengedwa okha anapatsidwa kumverera, kwa onse amafa imfa
yotereyi? Kodi iwo koma chabe kudzikongoletsa ndi kupindula ndi mzake monga
ayi, monga kudzikongoletsa ndi kukula kwa eignem zolinga? - The chomwecho
usilikali anakomana nane poyamba, monga ine ndinanena kwa bwenzi la
ndimakhulupirira mu masamba moyo. Ayi, iye anati, izo zikanakhala zoipa kwambiri

ngati zomera monga chamoyo okhalapo, chirichonse anayenera kupirira izo, ndipo
sankakhoza ngakhale pofuna kuthawa!
Pakali pano, ine ndinayang'ana pa Komabe, monga chimodzimodzi m'mayiko
palibe udzu ndi mtengo akamwalira zambiri yachibadwa, osati kalulu, palibe nswala,
palibe nkhosa kapena ng'ombe kapena kavalo, inde kwambiri pafupifupi munthu
mmodzi anafa imfa yachibadwa. Ndipotu, amene adzaitana amenewa, ngati munthu
adzazunzidwa ndi wankhanza matenda imfa. Wina akhoza kuyesa izi, kulowa ndi
preponderance chikhalidwe cha anthu chochitika kuika njira yako, monga inu, koma
munthuyo sakufuna kuti kumva kwa zolengedwa kuti imvera chipulumutso
chimenechi, inu simungakhoze kukoka. Nature analenga zolengedwa osawerengeka
ndi luso wosaneneka osiyanasiyana zosangalatsa, koma kuti aliyense kwambiri,
kukhala ndi zosangalatsa, chomwechonso chiopsezo kufa painfully kugwirizana.
Kuti mbewu sindingakhoze ngakhale pofuna kupewa tsokalo, ndithudi, zikuoneka
kuti ife zoipa, koma athu amazionera. Ngati msilikali, anagwidwa mu waudindo
wapamwamba, mfundo cannonballs kwambiri ndi kugwa munthu pang'onopang'ono
munthu zikuwoneka, choncho ayenera kuti choipa chimene ndithudi. Iye akuona
mpira kwambiri, ndipo mwina, ngati iwo kwenikweni kudzakumana naye. Koma
ngati wokolola akupita kupyola mmunda, kotero khutu sadziwa za njira ndipo
amamva odulidwa okha pamene kwenikweni udzaphwanya; sikunatengedwe ena
kuposa munthu kuchokera ambiri kwina ndi chapamwamba pa iye mwadzidzidzi
tsoka wopanda chimwemwe zikanakhala ngakhale mphindi ndimitambo ake
moyang'ana m'tsogolo. Izi Unbesorgtsein mbewu mwina lokha mwangwiro monga
wokongola mbali yake, kukhalapo, adataya, moyo kuoneka m'malo chakuti iwo
amafunika ndithudi komanso apamwamba zosangalatsa zimene zimadalira kwambiri
moyang'ana m'tsogolo ndiponso Umblick Abiti. Ngati inu mukukhulupirira, ndiye,
mbewa zingakhale bwino kuti osalankhula pamene mphaka amapha akusewera,
kotero inu zana zina kale akuona imfa mpaka iye akuvutika iye, ngati iye anaphedwa
ndi limodzi nkhonya zake mphamvu? Ndipo kodi ife Immer Wieder kuthawa kuopsa
kwa imfa osiyana kwambiri kuposa mobwerezabwereza Weghuschen pansi pa
chiombankhanga lalikulu wakuda mphaka, koma chimene tikudziwa kuti ife potsiriza
mokopeka izo.
Ngakhale mwinamwake, wina akuganizira zinthu za zomera zosavuta zoipa
pamaso. Monga ambiri mitengo ndi zitsamba akadali zimafanso imfa yachibadwa
wildernesses; mmene mosamala mitengo ya zipatso ndi maluwa ikutsatiridwa tokha
m'munda. Ndipo ngati mitengo yonse athu Nkhalango potsiriza wosweka, ndi
pambuyo kwambiri moyo wautali, ngati ali munthu wamba. Onse minda potsiriza
anadula, koma kodi ali komabe kutaya njere wakhala kwambiri udzu? Chachititsa
kuti apatsidwe koma ife tisanati umuna ndipo bwino. The udzu mu dambo ndi
ndikutchetcha m'malo atasengedwa ngati nkhosa pamene anaphedwa, chifukwa pansi
udzu osati mfundo a, ndi sanamve yekha latsopano krftigern mphukira. Konse ngati
ife kupasula mbali ya mbewu, ali ndi tanthauzo lofanana Sitiri kusiya ife, chifukwa
zomera ndi zosiyana koposa tinanyamuka kuti abuluse kwambiri pamene kudula
kapena kuwononga wa munthu m'madera ena. Kungoganiza mbewu ochepa maluwa,
ena monga akuwuka therefrom zipatso anapanga okha wamphumphu. Amene

angakhale othandiza monga yokonza kwa portability wa zipatso, amadziwika. Kuti

inu sitinamve kulabadira kutola duwa kapena kumatula nthambi. Komanso amavutika
mbewu poyamba chinachake monga chonchi, zidzakhalire. Ndi mavuto a anthu,
kutumikira, kuchiritsa poyendetsera iye wamkulu, ntchito imene nthawi zambiri
avails za zotsatira zoposa mavuto mavuto mwachindunji - Apa munthu ayenera
kuganizira kwambiri N'zokayikitsa ngati chomera pamene amaonanso, odulidwa ndi
Kuletsa mofanana ndi ululu akuona ngati nyama, chifukwa yosiyana kwambiri wa
gulu kupambana pano. The magawanidwe a Schmerzempfnglichkeit sanayambe
elucidated. Ngakhale nyama asaone odulidwa pa m'madera ena kuti amveka koma
waukulu chonyamulira cha moyo wake ntchito. Munthu angathe ku ubongo kuchotsa
akuakulu popanda kumva kupweteka, pamene kwenikweni ndi zina moyo ntchito
amavutika nako.Ndipo ngakhale amenewa savutika ngati inu anadula kwambiri ndi
akadali mbali ndiye ankaimira ntchito ya kuchotsedwa. Choncho mukhoza
kuwononga diso, ndi mwamuna zikuwoneka zabwino ndi ena. Ndipo kotero
mudzatha kuphwasula limodzi maluwa ku chomera popanda mwina amamva
chomera kwambiri kwambiri, kaya mwachindunji kupyolera ululu kapena kuvutika,
pamene enanso mofanana maluwa okongola kukhalabe; injini mu kwambiri
koposa. Ngati inu mumafuna kuti otsimikiza inu zonse maluwa, kotero izo zingakhale
zomvetsa chisoni. Koma anthu ena, nthawi zambiri zomvetsa chisoni, ndipo
simungathe amafuna kuti ndi chomera kuposa anthu.
The nkhawa kuti tilibe anayendetsa wobiriwira zambiri, zonse ndikutchetcha
aliyense udzu zambiri, kunyamula kenanso maluwa akanatha popanda kupeza
zosasangalatsa chikunena ife poona kuti zimenezi wozindikira zolengedwa ndi
mavuto ikuchitika adzakhala anasonyeza m'njira imeneyi kwambiri yafupika , Koma
ife si chimatsogoleredwa kuposa ife mwina ndikufuna kuyamba kuganiza kuti nthawi
zina ngakhale pa ubwenzi; ndipo adzakhala kokha kuti apulumutse tokha
zosasangalatsa mmene ife anafuna kulembera mbewu kumverera - kwenikweni
cholinga cha usilikali - ife tikanakhala ankayembekezera chinthu kwenikweni
kumeneko.
Tiyeni tikumbukire, monga sanali adzakana kudziwa kuti tili ndi ufulu
kuponderezedwa chikwi kanyama iliyonse kuyenda; pamene ife popanda pang'ono
mkangano mwaganizapo kudya wathu soseji; kuphika lalikulu miphika nkhanu; Deer,
akalulu, nswala kusaka; Mbalame Ponyani muviwo kapena logwirana mu pafamu
Man mag versuchen, diesen, mit dem bergewicht der
kukakhala; Tizilombo pamtengo cha deta; Achule kwa zatsopano flay; kumenya mu
menschlichen Kultur eintretenden, Umstand sich zurecht zu legen,
mlengalenga
ndi ndodo ndi udzudzu; Thirani nyerere ndi madzi otentha; Kugwedeza
wie man will, aber einen Einwand gegen die Empfindung der
ndi mapaundi Maikfer; Zouluka pa timitengo Fliegenleim akhoza wriggle kuti
Geschpfe,
die diesem
Schicksal unterliegen,
kann man nicht
imfa.
Osati kuposa
mowakalipira
koma chokhacho
chimene iye si mwachizolowezi
daraus
ziehen.
kuchita pankhaniyi. Kenako ife tsopano mwina anayembekezera kuti, sitidzalola
Contribuu a millorar la traducci
chachikulu anachitazi ngakhale zomvetsa kuti tikufuna kuwonjezera zomera kutsatira
wathu zolinga za. Munthu amadziwa inaimika ngati. Iye verspart ake chifundo nyama
milandu kumene ali basi opanda phindu kuwapha kapena mliri, kapena chabe
kubwera wina kuposa yekha awa zokoma katundu. Popeza chifundo nthawi zina
zingakhalenso tikuyamba mokwanira. Ndipo basi komanso zikhale Komanso pa
mbewu. Kaya ndi laudable mbali ya anthu, ayenera kuti ankafufuza; zokwanira, izo

Text original

ziri choncho, ndipo pambuyo pa zonse, monga choncho m'pofunika ndi masoka
concatenation la zinthu. Koma ngati munthu alidi kuphunzira kuwakonda zomera
pang'ono yaulemuko, chifukwa pamene palibe cholinga akulamula kuti zinamuwawa,
kungakhale kutaya mwayi? Ine ndikutanthauza, zosiyana!

VII. Funso la ufulu.

Zomera alibe umasinthasintha ufulu kuyenda, zikuoneka ambiri kale
kutitsimikiziradi kuti iye alibe moyo choncho kutengeka 1). Chifukwa, iwo amati,
onse kutengeka, ndi ulemu ndi moyo, ndi kufuna kayendedwe, poyambira amene
amadalira kwenikweni palimodzi, kumene si, ena sangakhale. Zomera motere mu
zonse zimene iye, koyera malamulo masoka kufunikira. Kungakhale kwambiri
chochitika kuposa zochita kupanga m'madera; koma zofunika, zomera umakhala
dongosolo mtima ndi dziko lapansi, madzi, mpweya, kuwala ndi mkati dongosolo
zikhalidwe za mbewu malangizo mapulaneti njira yawo. A moyo koma amafuna
ufulu, kukhalanso.
1)

Choncho akuti Autenrieth mu malingaliro ake pa masoka ndi maganizo

moyo p.332: "Pali moyo lalikulu organic ufumu, zomera, popanda kufufuza za
ufulu kapena mwina mawu a moyo wake, popanda zizindikiro kuli
moyo"; ndipo S. 223: ". Taonani zomera, zimene zimachitika osati Beseeltsein
awo kumapeputsa kupanda aliyense kufufuza ufulu wosankha"

Mwina si aliyense amene ali chidwi kuti usilikali. Kufunika amene chomera
limakula, ndipo ndi mapulaneti dongosolo chimachititsanso ali, ambiri asaoneke
chimathandiza, popanda Choncho amafuna zomera bwino free, kuwasunga kwa
moyo. Koma kwambiri otsutsa watha sharpness, izo wotaya kulemera. Kodi
womaliza amafuna yachilendo mtundu wa ufulu akupezabe moyo? Ziribe kanthu
momwe mwachidule mfundo, ife kupeza yemweyo uliwonse buku la njira zotsatirazi.
Tiyenera kupewa chilichonse, osati wathu wonse nkhani kusokera, chisokonezo,
ndi ndewu mu anataya mwayi umenewo, imene lonse chiphunzitso cha ufulu, mfundo
ufulu pamwamba, akadali anagwira. Osauka, momveka mopusa zomera moyo
akufuna kukhala zoipa kuti osalankhula ndi mwina amakhalabe ndiyotani anataya
pamene mwadzidzidzi kwambiri anaphunzira anzeru kwa inu, ndipo aliyense
anayamba kufufuza m'njira yakeyake, kaya ndi zimene ankadziwa ufulu ndipo nacho,
chimene Iye anafotokoza kwa moyo kupanga yekha. Kodi iye ananena chiyani? Iye
amadziwa chilichonse chokhudza nkhani. Koma ine izo ndi kuchita izo mwaukhondo
kuchokera mu maphunziro mabwalo kunja, pakati pa nyama za kuthengo ndi munda
umene iwo adzakhala anamvetsa bwino, ndi kufunsa mafunso angapo ophweka kwa
iye, amene mukudziwa kuyankha bwino.
Ndipotu, zikhale zotheka kusunga zonse zomveka bwino, kuphatikiza izo akhaipisa
ngakhalenso mtima wonse kapena indeterminists tikasiya yekha lakuthwa pa nsonga
limene likhoza kufika pambuyo pa zochitika zathu tiganizira, ndicho kusonyeza kuti
mbewu mu choipa udindo kuposa nyama chokhudza aliyense wa zinthu zilili kumene

kungakhale zogwirizana pamene akuona ufulu, anaikidwa mu njira ina mtundu

wa. Ndiyeno anafotokoza nyama free, zomera adzakhala ndi kufotokoza
kwaulere; Amene anthu osati ananena free, ndi angati ali iwo amene amakonda
nyama kuthetsa ufulu weniweni amenewa ndiye ndithu M'patseni zomera, komanso
makanema ojambula sangakhoze anamuuza iwo, chifukwa si za nyama kuti
mafoni. Kotero mbewu zabwino moyo ngati nyama iliyonse; akhoza kufotokoza,
kukana kapena amavomereza zimenezi ndipo mpaka inu mukufuna ufulu wake
achilendo nthanthi chidwi; zokwanira zokhazo, mwankhanza nyama ndi ulemu
anapereka otchulidwa amapezeka nthawi zambiri ndi mawu ufulu zomera, ngati si
chomwecho, koma ofanana.Koma tiyeni, ayang'anire kuti atenge zinachitikira monga
kutanthauziridwa; chifukwa m'malo yekha funso la kuyandikira kwa zinachitikira
kutanthauzira.
Kodi ife tikutseka chifukwa cha ufulu mu nyama imene ife kwambiri ndi za
kufunika kwa awo Beseeltsein kachiwiri? Kwa chakuti ife Choncho nyama ndi
kuyenda apo, kuuluka, kufuula, onani Foraging, popanda ife tikuona kuchokera kunja
mokwanira nthawi kutero; Zikuoneka pang'ono kuchokera mkati, sitingathe
kudziwiratu. Koma tsopano ife tikuwona mbewu zawo masamba, nthambi, maluwa
ndipo tsopano apa tsopano, galimoto ndi izi kapena kuti malangizo, popanda ife
tikupeza okwanira kunja inducements kapena atadziwa zotheka mumtima. Aliyense
amene akufuna kusonyeza mbewu, chifukwa chiyani osati mwinamwake
amayendetsa masamba ndi nthambi? Ufulu kumaonekera ndithudi, muno mu
zosiyana dera phunziro Kutumikira monga nyama, koma ngakhale mkati nyama
zopezeka m'bukuli lalikulu malire m'malo. Kuti zomera yaitali ankadalira
kukakamiza ndi kunja inducements kuposa nyama, si kuti amati, pamene ife
tikuwona osiyana chomera pansi yemweyo kunja zinthu zinthu komanso
osiyanasiyana nyama zina. Konse koma mbewu ali ndithu chimodzimodzi nthambi,
masamba ndi maluwa lotengeka ngati ena, ngakhale inali yofanana. N'zoona iliyonse
akhala mwa ena onse, kwambiri kapena zochepa za malamulo zokhudza chikhalidwe
chawo; koma mofanana bwino aliyense nyama; akhoza kuthamanga monga miyendo,
monga kudya ngati iye, mulomo wakula. Inde, mbewu komanso anatsimikiza
kayendedwe ka kukula, kupinda, zikupiringizikira ziwalo kuti zimawachititsa, ndi
chakunja, kuwala, mpweya, chinyezi, nthaka; koma mofanana bwino aliyense
nyama.Kuchuluka ake kayendedwe ndi zokopa ndi chonyansa chakunja Komanso
mtima; basi osati yekha, monga ngakhale pa mbewu. Inde, mmodzi akanakhoza pa
mbewu zotheka kuganiza kuti zotsatira lofotokoza kuno, anatengedwa pamodzi,
makhalidwe awo m'mikhalidwe yonse zina zofunika kwambiri ndi mikhalidwe imene
kunama mkati mwa nyumba, kukhazikitsidwa kwa chomera; koma kachiwiri bwino
ndi nyama. Ali izo kuyambira za zosavuta mkati zinthu chionetsero kuposa mbewu,
maganizo awo kupeza chirichonse vermchte kufotokoza mwinamwake zimene
sangathe kukhala amadalira kunja yekha? M'malo mwake, lili kwambiri; amenenso
anafotokoza kuti n'zotheka mumafanana akadali mannigfaltigerer ndi verwickelterer
zochita naye. Kodi inu tsono kukana njira mbewu ufulu, choncho mungathe izo
ndithudi, ndipo ine ndiri kwathunthu cha maganizo kuti pali vuto lililonse kuchita
izo; koma si njira yomweyo, zimayambitsa iwo amakana ngakhale nyama; ndi

powona kuti nyama akadali tikumva ndi nzeru zachibadwa akuona, kotero mudzatha
kutipatsa chomwecho bwino za zomera bwino.
Ufulu Kumwambamwamba, mu kuzindikira makhalidwe abwino si kutsutsana
konse, aliyense, ngakhale nyama kapena zomera ndikufuna kuthetsa; ngati osati
chifukwa cha ufulu umenewu zinali zonse zofunikira zinthu m'dziko akhoza kukhala
mu ankafuna kuposa ena mukudziwa kumvetsa makhalidwe ufulu lokha monga
mumtima kufunikira. Ndithudi Mulimonsemo ufulu, mwankhanza wamba m'munsi
mphamvu si choncho nkhawa nawo chinthu kuti, mu mmbuyo atagona kufunika
mukanakhoza kulingalira kuchotseratu awo Bill zovuta kubwera zosemphana ndi
zofuna apamwamba. Ngakhale wamisala amene hinrast mu akhungu ndi chidziwitso,
ife kuchiika, ngati osati womangidwa, koma icho kwa amene makamaka chinachake
mkati Koyenera mapeto aitenge, ndi kulankhula naye osati poganiza kumverera
kuchokera.
Ine ndikuganiza zimene tiyenera kupempha kwambiri kwa cholengedwa mfundo za
ufulu, kuti mphoto iye akhoza moyo, konse chokha, kuti amaona kuyendetsa kuti zina
kuposa wake. Izi ndi okwanira. Kaya maganizo galimoto analengedwa ndi kufunika
kapena ayi, iwe ukhoza kufufuza, koma, ngati yankho komanso kulephera jambulani
palibe umboni wakuti kuli moyo wa izo. Only wachiphamaso kuona chikhalidwe cha
ufulu dnkenden moyo akhoza kutuluka izo. Anjala nkhandwe amagwira
nkhuku; zimene amachita, mwina ndithu zofunika chifukwa chake kukhazikitsidwa
ndi kukhalapo kwa nkhuku; mwina; chifukwa ine kusankha kanthu pano; ngakhale
Ndili mbali yoyamba maganizo, koma pali basi kanthu apa. Kuti iye amamva
Tisaiwale kuti akathyole nkhuku ake, mu zinthu zosiyana monga munthu amene
umamvera kwa chibadwidwe mimba amamva ichi chilakolako chake, kupanga
zochita zake zonse umasinthasintha, free otsika, olaula, tingati anthu ndi chamoyo
chokhala adzakhala wovuta, komanso chokwanira. Magazini Kotero masamba ndi
nthambi kungopupulikapupulika, kumene kupereka yemweyo komanso amayendetsa
mbewu ndi kufunika, popanda ufulu; wofern iwonso basi akuona okha pagalimoto
kuti awo awo, chogonedwa monyengeleredwa amamvera mwa iye, ngati nyama,
pamene izo amatambasula ake chiombankhanga mu Fange, amaika mapazi ake
pamene akuthamanga, komanso amayendetsa masamba ndi nthambi zosiyana mfulu
umasinthasintha; ndipo kodi chizindikiro kuti anali wochepa choncho ndi
chomera; kani, idatha mu mawonekedwe a galimoto, chirichonse analogous ku
nyama. Inde alibe ngakhale commonality wa akuti injini kwa ife, nyama ndi zomera
pa Community kwa izi? Mu mphukira akufuna chinachake mwa ife;kapena
Sitikufuna kuposa yathu ndi chikhalidwe kunja; yace ya moyo akumverera; koma
ngati galimoto ndi kukanidwa kutengeka, amene si wamkulu kukwaniritsa zolinga,
monga, kapena, monga mbewu kuti wakula sangathe kwathunthu adatengedwa ife,
kumawasonkhezera kudzalamulira lokha kwa onse malo amene pali chinachake
kupeza iwo, kuti sasintha mtundu wa mphukira, ndi kumverera kwa zingakhale
mofanana amphamvu ndi yolimbikitsa anthu awiri onsewa. Papita ngati kusiyana kwa
izo ngati wina akuganiza kuti chomera, osati masewera yake yoipa kuti anawonjezera
kuti kumene irritant abulusa kapena mumtima mphamvu ya moyo umalimbikitsa iwo
akanati anakokera kapena akuyese- apo ndi kunja mphamvu. Ndiye palibe kumverera

akanati Mosakayikira kupezeka lake nzeru zachibadwa. Ndi chimodzimodzi kusiyana

ngati dzanja lathu lili chitambasulire ndi sewero mphamvu ndife ngakhale, kapena
ena angamukanthe ndi kumupha; zakale mlandu akamaona abwino pagalimoto kuti
chakumapeto ayi. Chifukwa chake ndi chiyani osiyana mu mbewu?Zodabwitsa
ndizakuti, nthawi zonsezi zikhoza kukhala chomwecho kufunikira; nkhani yekha
mchitidwe kukakamiza kuchokera mkati ndi kunja kwa mwinamwake.
Izi tiganizira kupereka kanthu kotereku kuwala, koma kubweretsa choonadi okha
chogwirika ubwenzi bwino ndipo zinatero, amene ali ndimitambo mu wamba njira
akuyang'ana pa bwalo kuti ife kale kugwira zomera kale kwa soulless kwa
nyama; Choncho zochita zawo kuyambira pachiyambi ndi kuona kwa moyo ayenera
looser kumvetsa kuposa nyama. Koma zikuoneka kuti asiye zonse kusintha maganizo
olakwikawo kuti kufunika si m'chaching'ono chotsimikiziridwa kuposa nyama konse
mwa zomera; kotero mwina iye amakonda kukhala nawo koma kuti Mwina nyama
ndi zomera limakhudza yemweyo; ndipo chotero iwo akufuna kukhala ndi umboni
kuti palibe imatsimikizirika motsutsana ndi moyo Mwachibadwa mu mpaka iye
sanatero pa siyana zofunika kapena zosafunika zikamera zimadalira. Last
akhulupirira kukhala mfulu mbali pamene iwo ukuchita monga zosangalatsa,
chifukwa izi zokhudzana ndi maganizo a galimoto pamodzi chinthu. Koma akuona
ngati pa izi kapena izo zimatengera lokha pa zokhudza thupi ndi maganizo njira.
Yosavuta kwambiri kwambiri, khalidwe la zimene mwakufuna kwawo zikhumbo
kapena zosangalatsa pamene nyama kulankhula chakuti iwo anakafika Tikaganizira
za mkati mphamvu iye yabwino moyo, amene amafuna kuthawa akumane. Ndi
kuthamanga kwa chakudya, amamvera, zomwe zilibe kuthawa. N'chifukwa
kukhulupirira zochepa kuti chomera pamene kukula kwa chakudya, amaona, zimene
zimawachititsa kukula kumeneko? Anakopeka chabe kunja chimene chimapangitsa
izo pang'ono ngati nyama. Chinyama abulusa njala, kufuna palatability; N'chifukwa
chiyani kupatula njala mbewu pamene chakudya akusowa; kulawa izo kupatula ngati
wapeza congenial kapena ayi congenial chakudya? Kuyesetsa kupeza chakudya, ndi
Mulimonsemo osati zochepa pa mbewu kusiyana ndi nyama ndipo kwambiri
analogous; zokhazo nyama kutali kwathunthu amakankhira chakudya chomera mbali
kuchokera anapitiriza amakankhira chakudya; kuti mbewu si anadutsa maso ndi
makutu awo search, koma ndi feelers, iwo anatumiza kwa mbali zonse.
Ndipotu mpaka zambiri anatambasula mbewu mizu; monga iye ankakwaa
kuzungulira kuti tipeze lachonde. Kumene iwo tsopano zimenezi chifukwa
akumufunsira kulankhula ndi nyumba yawo, louma malo iye masamba; Nthawi zonse
iye akuwoneka kuti fungo uthenga pansi pa lalikulu ataliatali ndipo kudzera
yopapatiza mphako kupeza m'makoma kapena boulders njira kumeneko Koma
pang'ono anayamba ndi mbali ya wosabereka nthaka rooting. Pali chidwi zitsanzo za
izo. Iwo ali ngakhale nthawi imene lonse chomera ali potero apita malo ndipo mmene
adafika kudumpha wa nyama. Iwo si umboni kuposa kumene mabasi; koma
amasonyeza nthawi yomweyo pali.
"Pakati pa bwinja la Chatsopano Abbey ku Galloway Shire ndi mtundu wa mapulo
(Acer pseudoplatanus), zomwe zinaposa ngakhale khoma, koma amakakamizidwa

ndi kuchepa kwa malo kapena chakudya, iwo anatumiza wamphamvu muzu wa
kutalika kwa khoma, limene palokha ndi nthaka mwamphamvu anakhala pansi ndipo
lidzasinthidwa kupsyinjika; ndipo atatha iye amasulidwa otsala mizu ya kutalika kwa
khoma lonse mtengo wa khoma wakhala projecting ndipo ufulu The mtengo kunali
motere kuchokera pachiyambi malo, Ambuye Kainer chokumbukira. maonekedwe,
ndi mfundo Mosakayika olondola - A jamu chitsamba, adayima pa ngodya ya
m'munda ku yochepa dothi lamchenga, anatumiza nthambi motsogozedwa olamulira
dothi limene mizu yake einsenkte panjira kumeneko ;. choyambirira Busch anafa,
ndipo mbewu phunzirolo kwabwino pansi -. Como pa Lake, pa Villa Pliniana,
komanso atapachikidwa Mizu pozindikira kuti anakwawa pansi pamwamba pa
thanthwe ndi mafuko akhala ". (Murray mu Fror. Osati. XXXVIII. P. 278.)
Mosakayikira maphunziro kwenikweni kumva uthenga pansi pang'ono kutali
mbewu, ngati chinyama amatha kuzindikira chinachake kutali, popanda kanthu
kutalika kufika kwa iye, ngati okha nkhope kapena fungo; mwinamwake nyama
ayenera motalika kuthamanga pozungulira kupambaza mpaka apeza Cholinga chake,
chifukwa ndiye kukhala pamenepo. Kotero izo zidzakhala bwino ndi
chomera; mwina Moder a Chifunga, amene amakopa mbewu mu nthaka yachonde,
ndipo mwina nthawi zambiri izo amatumiza nthawi yaitali pambuyo ake akale mbali
rootlets mpaka inu mufika yabwino; ndiye ayende kwa wowuma kuti nthambi; ena
kupita zedi ndi zina zingaoneke ngati chomera anamva uthenga pansi
patali. Nkhaniyi silinakwaniritsidwe mokwanira anabweretsa mawu. Koma njira
kungakhale, kumene mbewu imatenga chakudya, choncho mukudziwa kuti apeze
anthu komabe; ngakhale pakati nyama pali kwambiri njira zosiyanasiyana za kuchita
zimenezi.
Amene anganene ndithudi, ngati mmodzi mwa mawonekedwe mbewu zikuwoneka
kutumiza mizu yaitali ndi woonda ndi wosabereka nthaka chakudya, ndi thupi
pempho la chumba dothi yoyenera counteraction nakadziyeretsere chokongoletsedwa
chomera akukwana kale kufotokoza izi bwino mwangwiro mwakuthupi; izo sizinali
zofunikira, kapena kuti aone moyo ndi chifukwa galimoto. Koma zimenezi ndi mzake
kukhota kwa kuponya ndi kupanda ufulu, ndi chimodzimodzi yankho
adzaupereka. Ndithudi, inu mukhoza kunena kotero, kokha kuti munthu konse
kubwereza izo mu nyama ndi anthu ndithu ngati inu mukufuna kumasulira zizindikiro
pambuyo pake, ndi pa mbewu ndithu mlingo ndikhoza kutsimikizira choposera ngati
ngakhale ndi umboni; Posachedwapa boma la nkhaniyi akanali yemweyo kachiwiri
pa awiri. Ndimaona, ayenera pa view koma mwinamwake si choncho mlandu
Zikuoneka kuti lililonse lauzimu tiri pansi pano ngakhale zamoyo akuti ali
mwachindunji lokha, mwina chinachake kufotokoza chabe kwa thupi kapena thupi
mediations, mwina atchedwe zifukwa zauzimu konse akuletsa; zofunika maganizo
zofuna inde koma kenako anafotokoza mu corporeal. Amene tsopano kusamukira ku
malo a posankha kuchita kulikonse chabe mawu akuti mu thupi monga malo a
zachilengedwe, zikhoza ndiye onetsetsani; koma ayenera kuti moyo, chomwenso ndi
m'zinthu zakuthupi mawu ena kudzikonda, sindikufuna kuti siWake. Ngakhale
changa chofuna yaitali chidutswa cha mkate, mwathupi ndondomeko ayenera a mu
kumutu amene kumapangitsa mkono kwa gulu; ife tikudziwa chimodzimodzi ndi

wosangalala mu anangofuna ku ubongo. Tsopano izo zikhoza kubwera komanso

physiologist kukana kuchita chifuniro cha moyo, chifukwa iye anali kusankha wake
amazionera, mkono kuyenda ndi kuyambira thupi chitsanzo yozungulira, imene
chifuniro Timasonyeza mwachindunji mutu, ndipo anapitiriza chammbuyo thupi
kuchokera Nkhope maonekedwe a mkate ndi njala yakuthupi boma la thupi ndi
achilendo boma la ubongo zomwe zinachitika pamaso pa sikungakhoze penyani
salembedwa. Monga physiologist iye mwina bwino kutenga izo; Koma munthu wina
mbali kuposa kwa physiologist kuti mwina ali kukhala zosawoneka; chifukwa osati
mbewu? Tinganene physiologically mlandu chirichonse awo mumtima molongosoka,
koma sichoncho Choncho, pamene kuyenda zofanana cholinga iwo kusonyeza
momwe anthu. The substantive zifukwa kuti timakonda osachepera supponieren ndi
zokhudza thupi kugwirizana kukonda Zikatero, anatilola ndiye basi ntchito kokha
monga kumasonyeza thandizo kapena maganizo zifukwa maganizo nkhani amene ali
lokha amapereka mwa kuti zokhudza thupi. Koma kumene kuli lofunika zolakwa za
zathu zonse pano zachilengedwe ndi kuti timakhulupirira wauzimu zitha kale kapena
pambuyo thupi, koma mwachindunji kuyenda mu nsapato zake; ndi nthawizonse
akukankha mu nkhani zina, ife kutaya kugwirizana kwa onse, aliyense palokha,
kuposa wina mu ena. Koma ine ndiri bwino ndithu kuti ine sadzasintha izo kuno
bwino. Ziribe kanthu zimene wina angaganize za izo, ndi okwanira onani kuno konse
leni ndi zikuluzikulu ife amanena kuti onse presupposed njira kufotokoza mwangwiro
physiologically pa chomera chilichonse motalika palibe umboni chirichonse motsutsa
zochita za moyo wake pamene mkhalidwe wa chomwecho kuthekera alipo nyama
pambuyo zomwezo zifukwa; Ndipotu, ngati n'loonadi izi kopanda mmodzi si monga
Wonenedwa monga nyama zomera.
Kumasulidwa kwa ena zitsanzo, monga akuyang'ana pa zomera mwa masewera a
mkati galimoto mphamvu m'munsimu lokwanira ndendende moyo kuti athe,
adzatumikira posonyeza kwambiri yapita mmodzi.
Professor Schwgrichen anandiuza mmene kamodzi analandira uthenga kuchokera
Mansfeld kuti yaikulu kwambiri latsopano Kryptogam apezeka ndi wazikang'a phesi
kugawo mabomba, amene mwina anayamba kutalika 30 mikono pansi pa dziko
oposa, komabe popanda njira yonse kwa kuti athe kudutsa masana. Chirichonse
chimene chinali, pa kufufuza mosamalitsa? The mobisa tsinde la pansi wamba zinthu
zingapo mainchesi wamtali chomera, ndi Lathraea squamaria, anali Mosakayikira
akudutsa pa mwangozi chidutswa mu lalikulu kwambiri. Tsopano tsinde kuzifuna
kuwala, ndipo adakula unakula kwambiri, chifukwa iye kupeza izo. Si choncho,
monga munthu amene lonse khama chikunena kwa maudindo, ngati iye sangafikire,
mpaka kenako anapitiriza ntchito mpaka anakafika izo, kapena wotopa? Ndithudi, izo
ndi mbewu kuti amachedwa ankaganizira zimene iye akufuna; Kodi iwo ankadziwa
za kuwala? Koma iwo anamvera, zimene iwo sakufuna, kutanthauza kukhala pansi,
kumene asiye masamba, maluwa. Mutuluke mu boma, iwo adzakhala
lotengeka. Koma n'chifukwa chake kukula? Kodi iye ankadziwa kuti akhoza
kulimbikitsa padziko lapansi imene poyamba sizinali? Koma pamene izo akudziwa
chifukwa mbozi kuti ayenera yomenyera Gulugufe kuti utuluke mwa uliri pakali wa
mbozi, amene si kumutonthoza? Only sitikudziwa izo, kodi mukudziwa a. Koma

Kodi mbozi ndi akangaude amaona kuti chilakolako kukoka zingwe kwa iwo okha
kuti tikwaniritse zolinga za chikhalidwe pansi, kodi Lathraea, pamene iye
chimakakamiza yekha mmwamba, kuti kuwakhulupirira chimodzimodzi kumverera
pa nthawi ya akugwa pansi yemweyo mbali.
Mustel inakamba Jasmine Stock (Jasminuin azoricum) mu maluwa kumbuyo
bolodi kuti kuchuluka kwa mabowo (aliyense 2 mainchesi lalikulu uliwonse 6 inchi
mtunda Chrixitu) anali. Yoyamba zimayambira anakulira mu kuwala ndi wotsatira
dzenje. Mustel anatembenukira kwa Brett ndi mphika kuti nthambi anali wamkulu
ndi kumbuyo anachoka kwa kuunika; chifukwa tsinde kuwala anakula kachiwiri
kudzera mwa dzenje. Mustel kubwereza ndondomeko, ndi zina mapesi anakula
pang'onopang'ono kusonyezanso ndi herschlingend kuchokera ku mbali imodzi ya
bolodi ndi mzake, mwa onse mabowo kudzera (Mustel, TRAILE de A La veg. II.
101).
Logwirana nyama, munthu mmodzi; ndipo anathawa bwinobwino woyamba
yachidule malo dzenje kuti inu mukhoza kutsegula; Logwirana izo kachiwiri ndipo
anapulumuka kachiwiri mwa dzenje kwambiri yabwino malo; otsimikiza monga
amachita mbewu apa, ngati kuti mabuku unyolo. Kuti mbewu si zochepa otetezeka,
mwinanso otetezeka, kodi wolankhula monyoza kapena kuti otetezedwa momwe
timaona basi kufunika kuwala ndi mpweya wa ufulu? Akhalebe kumbuyo matabwa,
ine ndikukhulupirira kwapafupi kuti iwo sanamvere kuwala; Koma chifukwa awo
kumverera nacho iwo, zikhale za zochepa kumverera?
Glocker anaona. ngati zolimba ubwenzi m'mphepete mwa nkhalango mu
tchire Staku recta pambuyo sadzachitanso ochepa mainchesi vertically lotengeka awo
mapesi mu mlengalenga, ndi kukusokonezani panthawi pansi pafupi pomwe
kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino ndi anatembenuka mu yopingasa malangizo a
pamalo kuwala pang'ono ndi kutsegula kwa baka kwambiri atalanda; ndipo mu
yopingasa malangizo chinakula, mpaka iye anali atafika malire a tchire, kumene
kwambiri gawo limene tsopano anali azisangalala ndi kuwala, ofukula malangizo
oposa analandira kachiwiri. (Glocker, Ed. About zotsatira za kuunika zomera, S. 25)
Warren anaona mbatata Cheza mu m'chipinda chapansi, amene analandira kokha
kupyolera mu kabowo kuwala pang'ono, kukoka 20 mapazi lonse pansi ponse zitatha
izi kutsegula.(Mem. A American Academy zaluso ndi SC. Vol. II. Li)
Kuti mbewu mu zatsopano kuwala, osati mlengalenga chinkhoswe, akutsimikizira
makamaka kuona Tessier, kuti ngati awiri mipata khazikitsa mu chapansi, limene ndi
lotseguka ndipo mpweya, koma osati kuwala amalola mwayi, ena ndi Timapereka
kapu zenera kuti akulola kuunika unachitika mu m'chipinda chapansi zosagwira
zomera anatambasula kwa yotsirizira yoyamba, osati kale, (Lamarck neri Decand.
Flore Franc. Ti 198.)
Ife timachitcha icho Mwachibadwa, yemwe amaphunzitsa chinyama chirichonse
kukhazikitsa ake kayendedwe kuti lake lamanja moyo anadza kwa bwino, ife
sitikudziwa motani limaphunzitsa. Kodi tili ndi wosiyana ndi maonekedwe a
Mwachibadwa anthu kwakukulu kwa zomera? Aliyense nyama ndi osiyana chifukwa
chake chidziwitso, chifukwa ndi osiyana;Komanso, mbewu iliyonse akuchita. Ine

nditenga pang'ono zitsanzo zina.

Onse zomera kuti kukula mu nthaka, galimoto mizu kumunsi; mistletoe si
kumumanga zimenezi. 2) Kodi izo inunso? Inachokera mu mitengo ina; osati chabe
pamwamba, koma basi kwambiri kumbali pamalo kapena underside ya
nthambi; zimene zinachitikira kungakhale kofunika kwa iye ngakhale kuti abuluse
muzu oposa. Ndipo chotero iye amachita bwino; ndi chirichonse pamwamba pa
nthambi zikhoza, awo rootlets perpendicular abulusa Mosiyana. Inde umagwirizana
ndi mistletoe chimanga pa ulusi mu mzere mtunda mbali ya nthambi pa;kotero
kumva rootlets ngakhale pamenepa mtunda, pamene msewu, ndipo ukuperekedwa
lamanja kapena lamanzere, malinga ngati msewu. Inde, ikukula tsopano vertically
chemba miyala kapena zitsulo, zimene komweko ndi chakudya, ndi wakufesa kwa
mistletoe mbewu padziko yachitsulo mpira, iwo onse amayesetsa ndi rootlets ndi
pakati, ngati ankapezeka umenewu zimene akutumikira iwo. Awo chibadwa
chinyengo pano. Koma kuti ndi chosiyana koposa ngati nkhuku adzakhala zimaswa
mazira wa nsangalabwi, ndi zinziri mbalame wenzulo m'malo kulira kwa akazi
motere? The chibadwa kulikonse zogwirizana thereto, kutsogoleredwa ndi thupi
zotsatira, ndipo malinga ndi mmene zinthu zilili choncho kuti kupusitsidwa ndi
izo. Sizachilendo pansi woyera Mistelwrzelchen msewu, konse njira yokha kuona
khoma chapatali kuti mpweya ndi chinyontho, ndi kuwala ndi kutentha tsopano ku
mbali iyi kuchita mosiyana ndi ena; kotero izo salinso kukuchitika pakubweranso
kwambiri mtunda. Ambiri, ndipo pafupifupi mu zochitika za chibadwa akadali
anagonjetsa molondola kudzera mwa zochita, chifukwa chipangizo kuchita masamu
pomwepo; Koma ngati kwina kulikonse ambiri zinchito zipangizo angagwiritsidwe
ntchito payekha milandu kumene bwinobwino zinthu ntchito, ngakhale kamodzi ndi
anachitazi akuwuka therefrom. Tsopano timawapeza izo mu chidziwitso cha nyama,
kuti ife tikhale otsimikiza kumene mbewu za sindikufuna kukhala osiyana.
2)

Dutrochet mu m. Recherches

Mphalapala, ndi yosiyana ngati chomera kugonana monga mistletoe, kukokomeza

awo rootlets kwina kulikonse, nthawizonse perpendicular pamwamba pa zimene
mizu chifukwa kukulira pa zimayambira ndi nthambi: koma ena zomera ndi ouma
khosi ndi malangizo awo mizu pansi n'kubereka, kuti mutachita kutopa kuchotseratu
chotengera, limene inu anafesa iwo nthawi apatutsira, kolowera muzu
mphukira. Kwenikweni, zomera zinthu zambiri zimenezi motsutsa lalikulu lonse
monga mistletoe mbewu mu zatchulidwazi ankafuna motsutsa yaing'ono mpira,
amene anafesa; ndi mphete kukokomeza inayambira padziko lapansi awo
likulu. Tsopano ife tikuona kuti ndi chikhalidwe cha ngati mpira ndi yaikulu kapena
yaing'ono, sikudalira kukula kwa mpira, koma ali lililonse kukula kwa dera lawo
okhalapo, kudziwa expediently kuchita zinthu motsutsana.
Pa yapita mmodzi athe kunyalanyaza mmene untriftig n'zimene Autenrieth ananena
pa moyo wa zomera otsatirawa chikhalidwe. 3) "Mwa zina," iye anati, "ngakhale
Chikuonetseranso chomera lokha looneka kayendedwe aliyense ake ziwalo kwa
akunja apilo koma kokha chotero kuwalimbikitsa kuti wachotsedwa pa izo; iwo
sangakhoze, ngati amalankhula nyama, kufunafuna anthu amene si apo kwa inu

chinkhupule chonyowa chimafikira kwa ku zokwawa chomera awo pomaliza

ting'onoting'ono ta nthambi, koma. pokhapokha madzi nthunzi akhala chinachake;
waludzu nyama komanso anafufuza popeza madzi kumene palibe. "
3)

maganizo za chilengedwe ndi moyo wa moyo, S. 332nd

Tsopano Komabe, anafunafuna Lathraea kuwala pamaso pa chinachake, ndipo

Mistelwrzelchen ankafufuza imene kudzatenga muzu pamaso akafika
amenewa. Koma kuti cholinga chawo mumtima chikhalidwe ndi njira ndi kutengera
makhalidwe kunja, kwathunthu analogous ku nyama.
Aliyense asawotcheko ndemangayo: ambiri amapita komanso mwa ife zopindulitsa
vonstatten mwazi kuthamanga ndi kayendedwe ka m'mimba ziwalo, ndi kupukusa
chakudya ndi zakudya popanda ife kumverera chinachake; Kotero ife akanapereka pa
mbewu mizu ndi anthu amangokhala ali pikitipikiti Andres pambuyo ntchito,
popanda poganiza kuti chilakolako chofuna kupita. Kuyenera. Koma m'mimba
kayendedwe, magazi akuthamanga. etc. kuti, ngati si anakumana okha, koma okha
cholinga kutichititsa anatumizidwa remanded zotengeka ndi kupeza; inde osati za
cholinga chomwecho kwa ife kulankhula makamaka pamene chabe anatumikira
kutichititsa monga lonse insentient matupi. Choncho nokha pa ndizosowa galimoto,
palibe makamaka Timatha Mwachibadwa atamangirira kotero ife ndi koma kuganiza
kuti uwu ndi cholinga yodalirika otsala wozindikira okhalapo ku zomera. N'zotheka
kuti analidi kuti ntchito zonse za mbewu pansi pa dziko mofananamo yekha, titero,
kupatsa moyo mdima maziko yowala mmene adzadziphatika kwa anthu amangokhala
ali pikitipikiti mbewu pamwamba pa nthaka, monga ifenso kulandira mdima dera
lowala m'madera nafe; Koma yowala maganizo ngakhale ife sitikufuna kuti siWake,
osati koti chikhalidwe analenga yoyenera akamanena zinthu popanda cholinga cha
iwo.
Koma tsopano si ngakhale wosatsutsika kunena kuti ife tiribe kanthu athu
Kreislaufs-, m'mimba kayendedwe ndi monga amaona ..; mwa momveka osiyana
zomverera iwo samasankha amaonekera; Koma wonse bwinobwino mphamvu ndi
moyo amasonyeza kwambiri zogwirizana yachibadwa ntchito yakeyo. Asiyeni
ntchito mwadzidzidzi kuima, ndipo izo basi mwadzidzidzi ndi moyo, osati ambiri,
koma aliyense kutengeka wapadera; chifukwa monga maziko alowe nokha iliyonse
yapadera kutengeka ndi moyo. Koma ngati koma amasonyeza atamangirira
mwachizolowezi amenewo njira palibe makamaka ankamvera, Komano, chotero
kukhudzana yomweyo ngati chinachake kuchokera mwachizolowezi njanji
ukuonekera m'menemo. Ife ndiye kumva kutentha, chisanu, nkhawa, mantha,
kukhumudwa, zopweteka, njala, ludzu (lotsiriza dzina lake ngakhale bwinobwino
zisadzachitikenso), malinga izo mwanjira ina amakhala wathu guts ndi dera wathu
kachitidwe. Choncho anatipatsa, zomera sanali kumva chilichonse wapadera pamene
inayambira nthawi zonse kupeza chakudya, umene mmera masamu pafupifupi,
sitingalandire kusaganizira, n'zotheka kuti ngati akufuna kanthu kwa kukwaniritsidwa
kwa mikhalidwe, ndi nthawi yomweyo mu zofuna ndikumverera.
Kenako, ntchito ya mizu sangakhoze ndi kayendedwe ka wathu m'mimba ziwalo

ndi magazi kwathunthu pamodzi, malinga izi zimachitika mkati mwa ntchito
pankhani kale olembedwa wathu zipangizo, koma kuti galimoto chikuchitika Behelfs
kupeza kunja chikhalidwe cha moyo mu dziko lakunja mkati. Zonse zimenezi ndi
koma nafe mu ulamuliro mtima anazindikira chidziwitso.
Ikani chirichonse pa yakuchenjera Chotero ndikuona kuti yekha funso ngati muzu
pagalimoto wa mbewu kumatanthauza wamba zinthu zambiri zambiri kapena
kwenikweni, mu Timatha mbewu, ndipo ine ndikufuna kuti apa za kanthu kusankha
zedi; koma chirichonse akusonyeza kuti iye akadali nawo mu, ndipo ndithu koposa
kwambiri mbewu ali kufuna kwawo bwinobwino moyo yekha; Choncho tikuona iwo
kuchita zimenezi mu nkhani iyi, ndi kuyesetsa kupeza moyo.
Pankhani anthu amangokhala ali pikitipikiti mbewu pamwamba pa nthaka,
otsatirawa gawo ndi kukambirana broach zina, amene amachita yapita.

Text original

und S. 223: "Betrachten wir die Pflanzen, denen man bei ihrem
gnzlichen Mangel an jeder Spur von Willensfreiheit kein
Beseeltsein zuschreiben kann."
Contribuu a millorar la traducci

VIII. Growth, winches, kupinda, kupotoza zomera.

The tiganizira za m'mbuyomo chigawo zinachititsa mwachidwi kutsogolera kukula
ndi ntchito za zomera ku muzu, tsinde, nthambi, masamba, etc., insofar monga
ukapezeka monga njira kukwaniritsa zosowa zawo, kuti athane ndi ntchito za miyoyo
yawo pa ubwenzi.
Against limatuluka munthuyo akutsutsa kuti zikuoneka zofunika.
Koma ife tilibe wina lingaliro la kukula kwathu, komabe ife mungamaimbe kukula
njira iliyonse, koma kukula kwathu zimachitika ndithu popanda yathu
yozindikira; monga tsopano kudzapeza ndondomeko pa mbewu panthawi ndi
kulemekeza chikumbumtima?
Ine anayankha: kukula kwathu ndi zomera kwenikweni awiri ndithu mofanana
zinthu zimene ndithu mawu, koma, monga sanaonerere posachedwa kwambiri, basi
mfundo zonse alibe nazo zimene n'kofunika kwa funso la Mgwirizano wa moyo
zochitika ayenera kukhala. Ndipo ngakhale ife ndi nyama ya kakulidwe sangathe
ankamuona ngati alibiretu nawo moyo wa moyo, chifukwa njira ya zakudya ndi
kufalitsidwa, umene chimadalira osati uninvolved pano ali (ndalama. Kuti yapita
chigawo). Koma mwadzidzidzi kuletsa kukula akanati anaona mu anasintha ndipo
mwina maganizo maganizo moyo kwa ife. Only alekanitsa zimene kakulidwe
limathandiza kuti bwinobwino njira ya moyo, osati mwapadera kumverera
kuchokera. Koma ngati, monga taonera, koma kugodomalitsa zakudya ndi
kuzungulira kwa ndondomeko zapadera zosintha zina zomverera, njala, ludzu,
kuzizira, kutentha, etc., palibe chifukwa kusunga kulephera kuona kugwirizana

kakulidwe. Koma basi nyama ndi zochepa ndinazolowera amenewa zosintha; koma
mmalo pa mbewu koposa; monga posachedwapa chionekere. Ndi chomwecho pano
pa kakulidwe ka mbewu ya mbewu si zatsopano, Ufumuyo alendo; koma pa
kwambiri salient ndi achilendo mtundu wa chitukuko, umene kwenikweni Umapeza
zomera, makamaka salient ndi achilendo mtundu wa chitukuko cha moyo chopereka
iye kale amapereka, knotted.
Tiyeni tikumbukire kuti zomera sinafike kubwereza nyama, koma
wowonjezera. Only ambiri zinthu zamatsenga moyo nthawizonse ukhale
chimodzimodzi kwa onse, wapadera ayenera salamula kugwilizana. Chipinda
mukufuna kuwafika ndi ufulu kukula, amene mukufuna kuwafika nyama ndi ufulu
ayende maulendo, ndipo akhazikitse anthu mwachibadwa komanso analogous
m'lingaliro lokhala wosasangalala ndi moyo zilakolako za kukula kayendedwe zotere
kumakhoti kayendedwe. Cholinga mtima mu zinthu zachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe
chosiyana a nyimbo ndi osiyana kumverera kumanga pa nkhani ya kukwaniritsa
cholinga.
Ife tsopano ngakhale waukulu kusiyana pakati pa kukula kwa nyama ndi zomera,
ndipo ife tikupeza kuti tili Ndipotu ukuchita pano ndi zambiri zosiyana kuposa wina
akakhulupirire kugwiritsa ntchito dzina lomweli onse; ndipo nthawi yomweyo kupeza
kuti kusiyana kwenikweni kugona mu malangizo anafuna mwa ife.
l) Mu kukula kwa nyama yatsala ufulu waukulu chithunzi chilichonse. A galu ali
ndi mchira, miyendo inayi, ndi maso awiri, lilime, zinthu zonse izi zonse mu malo
omwewo, mu nambalayi; Kusintha okha bwino kufanana. Choncho ngati nyama
saona mopupuluma kukula njira iliyonse, choncho ndi nkhani chifukwa
alibe. Mtengo wa apulo motsutsa izo bifurcates posachedwapa ndi awiri, nthawi zina
zambiri nthambi zikuluzikulu kuti akhoza Mlengi pansi zosiyanasiyana kumathandiza
kupeza ngodya zabwino, osiyanasiyana misanje;nthambi iliyonse ili izo kachiwiri,
titero aliyense nthambi, nthambi elks, tsopano ngakhale masamba mwanjira
ina; zosawerengeka, kuti, malangizo, mankhwala ndi zolimba ndi kudya ulamuliro
kungakhale. Izi basi kumasulidwa pagalimoto, limene mpaka pano kuti apa ndi apo
ankakopa ndi kunja zochitika, zotengeka kuno; pamene nyama m'malo mwina
osiyana ayende maulendo adzamasulidwa. Chinyama mlandu kudzera mwa kukula,
titero chabe malangizo mawonekedwe, kenako ayenera kutumikira zina ulili moyo
wake kwa iye; pa mbewu ulili moyo imagwera pamodzi ndi kukula; ndipo chifukwa
chake sindingathe kukhala lokha mu mukufunitsitsa mawonekedwe zotchulidwa
zimenezi. Pamafunika zambiri makonzedwe a zutretenden zinthu, ndi ulemu umene
chomera ali kuchita zinthu. Koma osati mwa izi. Kuti internally Walt mapeto gulu
amalandira mfundo koma, pamene ife tanenera kale, aliyense chomera, ngakhale
ufulu kukula ngakhale kunja looneka zofunika khalidwe wosachoka
mwamphamvu. Koma zimenezi si khalidwe la moyo, kuti sataya munthu lonse
lalikulu mfundo zonse multiplicity ndi ufulu mawu awo.
2) monga kale potsata chirombocho kukula zimadalira pang'ono pa nyengo ndi
nthawi, nyengo ndi zina kunja zinthu, izo chikukulirakulirabe mosalekeza yake
yoikidwiratu chikhalidwe; koma ndi osiyana monga nyengo ndi nthawi ndi nyengo

ndi kunja zinthu. Zomera limakula osiyana Mosiyana ndi nyengo, nthawi ya tsiku,
nyengo ndi zina kunja mavuto.Choncho khalidwe mbewu kukula monga nyama
kanthu. Zima wawo kugona nthawi, chifukwa iye sanakule; ilo limakula mofulumira
masana kuposa usiku; mwamsanga kudzanja kusinthana kutentha ndi chinyezi, ngati
izo nthawizonse kotentha kapena chinyezi. Osati kwambiri kapena zochepa
mofulumira, komanso osiyana ndi mzake weathering; mosiyana ndi ena alionse
dzuwa malo osiyana wina malo. The payekha nthawizonse kupitirizabe kulondola,
malinga osiyana zomera, ndi ngakhale anthu osiyanasiyana a mtundu womwewo,
ngakhalenso m'madera osiyanasiyana mmodzi nthawizonse kukula characteristically
osiyanasiyana, ngakhale pansi pa moyo wofanana.
Prof. E. Meyer ku Knigsberg zathandiza yekha kuti mofulumira kukula mapesi
tsiku pafupifupi kawiri kudya kukula usiku. An Amaryllis Josephinae anawonjezera
awo molunjika leafless maluwa tsinde mwa masiku 12 mpaka 21 mainchesi
Rheinl. Kuwonjezeka kutalika M'mawa 6 koloko, masana 12 koloko ndi madzulo 6
koloko nthawizonse molondola anayeza, ndipo mu 12 m'mawa pamodzi 6 "9 '', mu
12 Masana 7", mwachitsanzo, tsiku konse 13 '9' ', mu 12 usiku koma 7 "3 ''. kwambiri
chimodzimodzi analandira Dr. Palm kwa kuonerera wa Anakweranso ndi nyemba
(Fror. Osati. XLI. p.218). ndalama. Komanso zatsopano za E. Meyer pa balere ndi
tirigu zomera Linnaea IV tsa 98; .. kuchokera Mulder pa pepala la Urania
speciosa ndi nkhadze grandiflorus mu Treviranus 'Physiol. II. 145; Graefe pa maluwa
mapesi a Littaea geminiflora mu Flora, I. 1843. p.35.
"Pakati pa youma thanthwe, pa zochepa, dzuwa miyala
zikuoneka Carlina kwathunthu acaulis: Chiwiya pang'ono lotayirira nthaka,
yemweyo Amadzuka; uthenga m'munda m'dziko sangathenso kuzindikira iye, iye
anapambana mkulu mapesi ndi ndiye Carlina acaulis caulescens. " (Goethe,
metamorphosis wa Pfl Ges ntchito .. XXXVI S. la Nambala 126.) - The Georgina ndi
wodzichepetsa kwambiri mu zilombo boma chomera imene mukufuna nkomwe
kuzindikira lokongolalo yokongola chomera wathu minda. - Mphamvu ya m'munda
chikhalidwe pa kukula kwa zomera amadziwika konse zokwanira.
Eckermann mu m. Kucheza. (wachitatu buku p.101) anauza Goethe wa zatsopano
zimene analemba ganyu kuti kwambiri yoyenera matabwa lakonzedwa kuti apange
Arc kupeza, ndi kutsatira ndemanga amaoneka chidwi kwa ife. "Pa nthawiyi
Ndinauzidwa (by ndi Wagner) kuti pakati Phulusa ndi Phulusa kusiyana kwakukulu,
ndi kuti mitundu yonse ya nkhuni zambiri kufika kumalo ndi pansi, kumene iwo
kukula. Ndinaphunzira kuti matabwa a Ettersberg kuposa ndi matabwa zochepa
phindu; kuti Koma nkhuni nazo ku dera la Nohra inayake mphamvu, kuti Ngolo
kukonza Weimar carters amene anapanga Nohra, anali wapadera kwambiri
kukhulupirira ine anapanga wanga zina khama ndi zomwe chirichonse. wamkulu pa
yozizira mbali ya otsetsereka nkhuni ndi olimba ndi ovomerezedwa ndi yowongoka
CHIKWANGWANI kuposa wamkulu pa chilimwe mbali. Komanso, n'zomveka.
Ndipotu, mnyamata mbuye amene akukula pa pamthunzi kumpoto kwa otsetsereka
ali kufunafuna yekha kuwala ndi dzuwa oposa chifukwa iye ndiye, dzuwa
wofunitsitsa zonse amayesetsa oposa ndi akwerera ndi CHIKWANGWANI mu mzere
wolunjika ndi. Ngakhale pamthunzi boma la mapangidwe bwino CHIKWANGWANI

zachepa, amene ndi wankhanza kwambiri kuona kuti mitengo, amene anali ndi ufulu
boma kuti kum'mwera anali inaimitsidwa kwa moyo dzuwa, pamene ake chakumpoto
kosalekeza anakhalabe mu mthunzi. Ngati mavuto m'madera anachekedwa patsogolo
pathu, ife tikuzindikira kuti mpaka pakati si ili ku likulu, koma kwambiri mbali
imodzi. Ndipo izi kusamutsidwa wa pakati umatheka chakuti pachaka mphete
kum'mwera kuti kuli kukula kosalekeza dzuwa zotsatira choncho ali onse kuposa
pachaka mphete wamthunzi kumpoto. Akalipentala ndi Wagner, ngati kuti iwo
kuchita olimba zabwino nkhuni, kotero m'malo kusankha bwino anayamba kumpoto
kwa fuko, yonenedwa yozizira mbali, ndi wapadera kukhulupirira. "- Kumbukirani
inu muli pano, kuti wamkulu koma kukula, pamene izo zikuchitika, kuonedwa monga
chiwonetsero cha moyo wa zomera, mtengo n'kusiya moyo wake lignifies kumbuyo
kwake; .. kokha ayi matabwa, koma ntchito imene anali nkhuni ayende wopita, kuti
envisaged malingana mtengo anakula mosiyana, iye atakuuzani osiyana injini.
Pokambirana TL. III. P.146 akuti Goethe yekha pa nthawi ina: "ichita mtengo
waukulu mu ziyangoyango za m'nkhalango makulitsidwe, wazunguliridwa ndi
akuluakulu oyandikana mafuko awo chizolowezi nthawi zonse kupita, nthawi zonse
ankangofuna panja ndi kuwala kwa mbali chabe ofooka. nthambi kutengeka, ndi awa
ali kufota ndi kuguluka kachiwiri mu nthawi ya atumwi. Koma ngati iye anafika
kumva ndi udachitikira pamwamba panja, ndiye iwo kukhadzikika ndiyeno
anayamba kufalitsa kuti mumbali ndi korona mawonekedwe. Koma pa siteji kale awo
pafupifupi zaka zoposa iye zaka zambiri galimoto oposa walandira yake yatsopano
mphamvu, ndipo pofuna kutsimikizira kuti tsopano ndi m'lifupi kwa wamphamvu,
sadzakhalanso ndi ufulu bwino. wamtali, wamphamvu ndi wochepa-unayambika
adzaimirira nditamaliza msinkhu, koma popanda ubwenzi woterewu pakati pa tsinde
ndi korona, kukhala wokongola, Ndipotu -. ichita hinwieder mtengo waukulu ku
chinyezi, m'madambo malo, ndipo m'munsi kwa chakudya, chotero wachikhalire
pagalimoto mu likugwirizana nalo danga ambiri nthambi ndi nthambi mbali
zonse; Komabe, pali recalcitrant, retarding zotsatira zikusowa, ndi gnarled, Omvera,
Jigsaw bbwino, ndipo zikuoneka kuchokera kutali, mtengo kuti tipambane chofooka,
laimu-monga maonekedwe, ndipo sadzapezekapo wokongola, bola osati monga
thundu. - Chimakula potsiriza kwa mapiri otsetsereka, pa zochepa, steinigtem nthaka,
choncho ndithu wochuluka kuoneka losongoka ndi gnarled, koma anthuwo analibe
ufulu chitukuko, iwo asamalira adakali siteji awo kukula ndi chikhalebe cholimba,
nadzakhala chete, kuti kwa iye inu mukuti zikupereka kulamulira kwakukulu mwa
iye chinachake chimene anatha kutiyika ife mu chodabwitsa. - A wosakaniza
mchenga kapena dothi lamchenga, kumene ndi kuyendetsa wamphamvu mizu mbali
zonse analola zikuoneka kuti awo ambiri yabwino. Ndiyeno iwo akufuna kuima
wakupatsa izo zimagwiritsa danga, ndizitenga onse obwera chifukwa cha kuwala
ndipo dzuwa ndi mvula ndi mphepo kuchokera kumbali zonse palokha. Mu omasuka
watetezeka mphepo ndi nyengo anakulira, ndi kanthu; koma zaka zana limodzi
kulimbana ndi zinthu zimawachititsa zamphamvu, kuti nditamaliza kukula awo
kukhalapo Mzimu ife anadabwa ndi kuzizwa. "
Hartingh akuti pambuyo mayesero pa kadumphidwe chomera; "The kukula kwa
wapadera tsinde la yemweyo chomera, ngakhale kwathunthu chomwecho kunja

makhalidwe poyera kuti si sali yemweyo, komanso sakondwera wokhazikika

khalidwe ndazindikira tsiku ndi tsiku ukugwirizana -. Iwo zikuchitika pa chiyambi
cha kukula, tsiku kuwonjezeka mathamangitsidwe kukula m'malo, amene ali popanda
kunja makhalidwe. " (Wiegmanns Chipilala. 1844. II. 41.)
3) Nyama imamera msanga, mwa mawonekedwe izo amatambasula oposa
kusintha; m'malo mopitiriza kukula, zimayendera potsiriza anapitiriza. A chomera
limakula moyo wake yaitali kukana anapitiriza, tisiye kukula ndi kupanga watsopano
pa kuwonjezeka, kumuletsa kuti moyo; m'malo manja ndi mapazi nthawizonse
kukwaniritsa kachiwiri kulenga zinthu zatsopano, kapena kupeza zinthu zatsopano,
iye anatambasula kwa cholinga chomwecho chotenga latsopano nthambi ndi
masamba; remodel m'malo wina, iye anapitiriza gehends cholinga yekha. - Ganizirani
khutu la chimanga, pamene iwo ankapitirira kukula m'nthawi ya masika, ndipo
pamene iye amavala izo, kotero kugwira awo mbewu kukula; pamene kanthu
amafuna kukula, izo nafota; ndi udzu. - Taonani Aronsstab (Calla), monga nthawi
yomera mmodzi pepala osiyanasiyana pakati; izo ndi sizidzatha nyuzi zimene
magwero masamba; akupitiriza mpaka mphindi yotsiriza, - Taganizirani abulusa
mtengo zatsopano kukula mphete amamangirira chaka chilichonse, ndipo chifukwa
cha ichi nthambi zatsopano, latsopano masamba; Panthawiyi wakale masamba
kugwa; kuti pa galimoto iwo, zikuoneka kuti cholinga cha moyo. - Inde, tikambirana
aliyense chomera abulusa ku kasupe; ilo limakula wonse chilimwe, oposa,
chammbali, pa dziko lapansi, pansi pa dziko; amasankha zinthu zatsopano palokha.
Ena zomera kutenga izo kwambiri mpaka izo Long moyo, monga zambiri munthu
amatha umboni ambiri ntchito kwa moyo wautali ndi lalikulu. Only mbewu
limapezeka kwambiri ngakhale kuposa ntchito kapena nkhani ya luso, zimene
anazipanga, monga munthu; ngakhale kuti kwambiri kapena zochepa kusandulika
kwenikweni mu ntchito zake zonse kunja;komanso zomera, cholinga yekha, ambiri
kusintha wakudya ku dziko lakunja, amene wapatsidwa mu zofuna zawo. Pamene
paliponse m'chilengedwe, palinso pano palibe kusiyana mtheradi.
Amene sadziwa zitsanzo kwambiri wandiweyani mitengo anakula zaka zambiri,
mwina kudzitama kuima ndi kulengedwa kwa dziko pano, koma amafooka kuitana
chaka ndi chaka ndi chaka mphete.
"Wotchuka Castagna DEI Cento Cavalli (Castanea vesca) pa Etna ayenera
kukhala zaka masauzande. Malambe m'mayiko (Adansonia digitata) pa ulimi
m'tsinde ndi amtengo zake makulidwe ndi chiwerengero cha kukula mphete zina
nthambi 4,000 zaka kupita m'tsogolo. The Riesenzypresse (Cupressus disticha) kuti
Santa Maria del Tule, maola awiri kum'mawa kwa Oaxaca mu Mexico, ali
circumference cha 124 Spanish mapazi, kotero 40 mapazi awiri; amafuna chaka
chilichonse mphete 2 mizere, chotero mtengo uli pafupifupi 1500 zaka; mbiri yakale
zedi ali wamkulu anagonjetsa Mexico ndi Spain. The zaka chinjokacho
mtengo (Dragaena Draco) wa Orotava pa Tenerife ngakhale mukufunitsitsa zoposa
5000 zapitazo, ndipo iye adzakhala ndi wamba mawerengedwe a Ayuda nthano
pafupifupi anaona kulengedwa nkhani . " (Schleiden, Grundz. II p. 629.)
Ena zomera kukula pang'onopang'ono, ena mwamsanga, monga aulesi ndi kudya

zina mwa nyama.

"An ndere The Wosatha chikhodzodzo ulusi wapezeka ndi amalinyero 1500 mapazi
yaitali, ndi Mr. Fanning, mwini curator wa botanical m'munda Carracas, akusonyeza
kuti iye zaka zingapo zapitazo ngati Convolvulus pa mkati 6 months osati anasolola
zosakwana 5000 mapazi, amene adzakhala pafupifupi 24 mapazi L L usana ndi usiku.
" (Murray mu Fror. Osati. XXXVIII. 250.)
Munthu wodziwika pofuna kuti munthu n'kupanga wa maluwa khutu la rye, fumbi
thumba ndi pamwamba pa udzu ali mmadzi, kumene kutuluka ena anthers mu
maminiti pang'ono ndi filaments mpaka 1/2 kuwonjezera miyambo.
"Patatha pafupifupi masamu mfundo mawonekedwe pa kudya-kukula bowa, ndi
Riesenbovist (Bovista gigantea), miniti iliyonse 20,000 maselo
atsopano." (Schleiden, mbewu. 43.)
4) anthu ndi nyama alinkugwa udachitikira moyo mwa nthawi nditamaliza
Wachstume kapena wodzikonda Kukula kwa ziwalo mu zomera za pamwamba moyo
chikugwirizana ndi kukula kwa thupi latsopano, duwa wokha pamodzi, ndi onse
kukula amaphunzira kuno wasinthira. Kodi bwino kutsimikizira kuposa pamene
mbewu mosiyana ndi nyama, ntchito za kukula ndi kukula kwa mabungwe
amayenera kupeza njira kukwaniritsa cholinga cha moyo, koma njira kukwaniritsa
cholinga kukhala nokha?
Ena (ngakhale onse) zomera kusonyeza pachimake modabwitsa okwera kukula
injini. Otchedwa centennial Aloe (Agave Americana.) Mwachitsanzo kubweretsa
kum'mwera Europe 3 kapena 4 chaka ndi greenhouses wa kotentha zigawo zambiri
zaka 50 kapena 60 pamaso iwo amayamba kuuluka ndi kuphuka; koma mwadzidzidzi
amayendetsa mu miyezi ingapo duwa tsinde, ndilo 15 18 mapazi yaitali. Pambuyo
maluwa, waukulu nazale ndi kukhala yekha Nebenschlinge. Choncho onse
amangokhala ali pikitipikiti ndi umoyo pachimake amakhala atatopa. Kuthirira
nthaka imene mmera mizu, ngati iye amayendetsa phesi, choncho imakoka madzi
amphamvu palokha, kuti kale ndi lomveka hiss akufuna kutha kuona.Amayendetsa
mbewu koma phesi, pali akanali Anaphatikizanso madzi, umene uli kwambiri kwa
humidification a dziko lapansi mu zotengera, okhala padziko. - Tikudziwa kuti onse
zomera ayenera imayambirira kuphuka madzi ambiri kuposa masiku; inde ambiri kuti
ayenera kusungidwa ouma mwinamwake monga nkhadze kufuna kukhala pachimake
ankawaviika chofunika. - The Agave foetida kapena Fourcroya gigantea anali
kuphunzitsidwa Paris munda kwa pafupifupi zaka anali pa basi asonyeza
pang'onopang'ono ndi zolimbitsa chitukuko pamene mwadzidzidzi m'chilimwe cha
1793, zomwe zinali zotentha, anayamba mofulumira kuti skyrocket, mu 77 masiku
22 1/2 mapazi, pafupifupi tsiku lililonse 3 1/2 mainchesi; ena payekha masiku koma
pafupifupi L phazi. (Decand. Physiol. II. 34.)
5) Nyama kukhala ziwalo, pambuyo mokwanira akupangidwa pa liveliest
kagayidwe ndi, nthawi zonse analemba pamene otsala yemweyo mawonekedwe a
zipangizo zatsopano, amene ngakhale zikugwirizana ndi fupa. The mbali kupita pa
wolimba inachitikira athanzi ziwalo. Koma zomera kulowa mabungwe, monga iwo

anapanga zambiri kuchokera kagayidwe ndi tikuyamba ntchito; kumene zutretenden

zipangizo zonse anafunika kupanga ziwalo watsopano; wakale mabungwe kukhala
kwambiri monga zatsalira akale moyo ntchito, latsopano kuti akhoza kapena Mlengi
yokha; kapena iwo kuguluka. Choncho akulowa xylem wa mitengo, monga aumbike,
kuchokera tikuyamba kukambirana ndi dziko lakunja zambiri kuchokera; mtengo
kungakhale internally dzenje, ndipo abulusa adakali ndi moyo kunja
anapitiriza; masamba kusonyeza zonse zochitika za moyo wa ofooka, akulu iwo ali,
ndi kugwa kwa otsiriza atsopano danga. M'badwo wa nyama ziwalo, ngakhale
lopuwala komanso; koma lonse nyama mibadwo, amaziralira, amaziralira
kosatha. Sizinali choncho chomera. Kusiyana ndi, monga ankaona pano okha
ndi; chifukwa ndithu si chiwalo cha moyo zomera ku tikuyamba ntchito imagwera
koma ndithu; koma ndi khalidwe lonse.
Duhamel ananena pa zimayambira wa mbewu zomera za kavalo mgoza
1 1/2 mainchesi mu msinkhu ndi zina danga Sipafunika zabwino siliva mawaya mu 10
ofanana mbali.M'dzinja izo anali onse ili kutali ndi mzake ndi kwa kwambiri,
kwambiri kumtunda mapeto iwo anali Ufumuyo. M'chaka chachiwiri, monga
latsopano injini anali 4 5 mizere m'litali, zinali chimodzimodzi anatchula, ndipo
zotsatira zake zinali chimodzimodzi, pamene mphukira wa chaka choyamba
mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhaniyi sati anawonjezera. Gawo ili chidachitika, titero,
anavomera. Similar kuzipenya zinalengedwa ndi Hales pa mpesa. Duhamel Komanso
anakumba pafupi ndi mnyamata mtengo wa pamtengo, malinga ndi Cholozera amene
kwenikweni unali wolingana chizindikiro chimene Ufumuyo makungwa a
sapling. The Cholozera nthawizonse lankhosa ndendende akupitiriza kukumana
chilemba, ngakhale mtengo anali azungu wamkulu kwambiri mu msinkhu. - Pamene
kwathunthu zake mbali zambiri konse kapena zambiri makulidwe kapena
kutalika. Growth nthawizonse amakhudza wamng'ono mwatsopano mbali. - Duhamel
anatenga siliva ulusi mwa mizu kuti vegetated m'madzi yekha, kapena anawatchula
ndi kunja kudzera akuda varnish kuti mosavuta kuzindikira mbali. Ambiri, chifukwa
anthu onse a m'nkhaniyi anali kukhala kutali kwa khosi la muzu Koma kwambiri
zimenezi zachititsa yaitali; chitsimikizo kuti muzu chikukulirakulirabe yekha
pamwamba; ngakhale, monga ena lalikulu mayesero asonyeza zimenezi osati mwa
kunja maselo kufikako pamwamba, koma Komabe imachitika mwa yaing'ono mtunda
pamwamba pa Tambasula. Komabe zambiri zosangalatsa za kukula kwa mbali
zosiyanasiyana za mbewu m. Mu Treviranus, Phys. 11. 152 FF. An yothetsa latsopano
maphunziro zosiyanasiyana zikhalidwe za kukula kwa Bravais, Hartingh, Mnter,
Grisebach ndi Grafe opezeka Wiegm. Chipilala. 1844. II. 38.
6) Ngati kudula buluzi mchira, mwendo kutali, m'malo izo kachiwiri; ndi wononga
m'malo mutu wake, iye feeler kachiwiri. Kumene nyama sangakhoze m'malo
chinachake, popeza akhala fanizo ziwalo. Chinyama za kukula kokha masamu
kupeza malangizo mawonekedwe, ndipo ngati n'koyenera yothandiza
kachiwiri. Koma mbewu konse amapangira cutaway Nthambi, ndi cutaway tsamba
m'malo mwake kachiwiri. Koma abulusa wina, ngakhale bwino cholinga mosiyana
kwina; awo kukula si onse zinthu zina ziwalo kuchita, monga chiyenera kukhala
ntchitoyo payokha. Kodi wakula ndi kale lonse; ayenera ndekha kupulumuka, izo

ziyenera lokha chikukulirakulirabe.

7) Zomera zambiri limasonyeza chizolowezi kukhala mbali mu mwauzimu
mawonekedwe ndi kupempha; ndi mwauzimu koma mwa zake chikhalidwe
YOSATSIRIZIDWA mawonekedwe, pamene nyama kapangidwe anamaliza mitundu
kwambiri pakokha zachokera. Izi zikusonyeza kuti kukula kwa mbewu anatsimikiza
kumaliza kwake ndalama zochepa pambuyo pa makamaka zotsatira kuposa wa
nyama. Ngakhale kusiyana ndi kachiwiri kokha ndi, chifukwa pali komanso nyama
mwauzimu mitundu (mu mwauzimu nkhono zipolopolo, nyanga, etc.), amene
tsopano zimadalira aliyense zopanda malire Wachstume; komanso mbewu amatenga
mwauzimu chizolowezi mwa kwina ndi kudzera chirichonse;koma limasonyeza
yemweyo mu nyama ndi osowa, mu masamba ufumu, koma nthawi zambiri kuposa
zikuoneka koyamba.
The twining zomera lonse tsinde la lonse fuko mphepo spirally mozungulira
limbikitse, ndi mitengo spirally pakokha (winanso.); tsamba udindo zambiri
amayendetsa mwauzimu kumulowetsa padziko tsinde, yomwe posachedwapa
anawonjezera kuti mwatsatanetsatane zofufuza nthawi (onani XV ..); ndi njerewere
wa Mammillarias ndi mwauzimu udindo; Ena Maluwa pamaso maluwa mwauzimu
bala (aeativatio contorta); Ena zipatso monga lupanga nyemba, kapena mbali ya
zipatso, ngati mamba ya paini cones, kusonyeza chizolowezi mwauzimu
kasinthasintha kapena udindo; ndi Mumapezekanso azipiringa pa mbali ziwiri,
mmodzi wa mwauzimu ya nthiti, ndiyeno kuchokera kwa infolded ndinapirira lateral
malangizo; chonsecho kuli Oszillatorien ndi mwauzimu; akulu ulusi nthambi
za Lycium Europaeum amakonda spiraler nayenso; ndi petioles la Italy popula
atembenuza, inamuluma ndi tizilombo, mwauzimu; yaitali mbatata anaona zonse
maso mwauzimu zinayendera kuchokera kumanzere kwa pomwe akwera
dongosolo; Ena zomera zili ndi tsitsi papillae, amene bwino mwauzimu mizere,
wotanganidwa. - Mkati mbewu, tili ndi dongosolo la mwauzimu ziwiya; (onani p.
35) mu mosses, liverworts, Mumapezekanso ndi charen ndi mwauzimu
spermatozoa; mu maselo a Chara kutenga ngakhale cornstarch mikanda mwauzimu
malo; Komanso madzimadzi utuluke, wa ku maselo a Chara anaona mwauzimu
malangizo, etc. - ambiri milandu mwauzimu chizolowezi zomera amapezeka Goethe
zotchedwa: "Pa mwauzimu chizolowezi zomera" (Ges Ntchito Vol 55. mas .. 99)
anasonkhana. About lamulo mwauzimu kukhota kwa ena maluwa isanafike
analamula (aestivatio coutorta), kotero yerekezerani ngati wa zipatso makamaka :.
Brown mu Flora kapena ambiri. Botan. Time. 1839 S. 311th
8) Zomera amatha kujambula awo kakulidwe ka zochita kupanga zipangizo
kupirira iwo Komabe, kudyetsa yekha organic zipangizo ndi kukula nyama; iwo
amanga moyo chithunzi watsopano, zimenezi rebuilds. Ngakhale mwinamwake,
amapezeka kuti kuloerera a zinthu mu njira kukula kwa mbewu akuchita zosiyana
kwambiri udindo kuposa nyama. Pa wonse, zomera zosiyanasiyana umafuna
akuimira m'malo chakudya chofanana, koma angathe izo kupanga kwambiri
osiyanasiyana zipangizo zimene onse wapadera zosonyeza moyo ntchito kumapereka
lingaliro kuti mwina zogwirizana ndi achilendo makonzedwe a coenaesthesis
bwino. Tikawonetsetsa kusangalala ndi nyama zosiyanasiyana Ngakhale

zosiyanasiyana chakudya, koma kutulutsa onse mofanana ndi dziko lonse popanda
poyerekezera zochepa ambiri zinthu palokha monga zomera. Zipangizo munali
yemweyo chomera, ali ngati kunja zochitika za kukula malinga ndi nyengo, malo,
m'badwo ndi zochitika zina kwambiri zimasintha; yabwino mankhwala chomera
ukugwira ntchito pa nthawi yolakwika, anasonkhana kwa cholakwika amazionera,
kanthu; Panthawiyi nyama monga sizimapanga kusiyana. Kodi pali koma ngakhale
zomera kuti kusintha ndi dzuwa masana awo m'nyanjazi kwambiri chimaonekadi
wowawasa mmawa uno, madzulo kukoma owawa.
"The masamba a Muzu calycina Red (Bryophyllum calycinum Salisb.) Mu India ali
ndi Hayne m'mawa monga acidic monga chotchezera, zoipa padziko masana,
madzulo owawa. Link kuti atsimikizire zimenezi ndipo anaona chinthu chomwecho
pa Cacalia ficoides L., Portulacaria afra Jacq. Ndipo Sempervivum arboreum L.
" (Gmelin Theoret. Chemie 1829. B. II. S. 1802.)
Pali kudziwika milandu kumene yosavuta offsetting katungulume chinakuchititsani
atavala lokoma amondi, zowawa amondi amene anapereka poyamba. (Liebig, Chem.
M'makalata. P.173)
Ambiri ofanana ndi zomera zikule sangayerekeze kuti m'mimba kukula kwa
mwana wosabadwayo; malinga chimodzimodzi monga mbewu za ziwalo kuyambira
pachiyambi kudzilimbikitsa lokha. Izi kufanana, anazindikira chabe, tsopano kumene
kamodzinso chinadzetsa mofanana kungotengeka kulowa Timatha wa
mbewu. Ftusleben chomwecho zomera, chotero zomera ofanana Ftusleben. Mwana
wosabadwayo asaone; Koteronso satero chomera. Kotero inu mwachita
mwamsanga. Ngati pali sanali kuona kuti mbali zosiyanasiyana pa aliyense kufanizira
kupatula mbali ya kufanana.
Mwana wosabadwayo aumbike mchikakamizo cha yachilendo umoyo, ipeza
zipangizo ochokera moyo Ofalitsidwa, amakula ngati mankhwala ndi gawo la thupi
lina pansi kwambiri yunifolomu zochita mogwirizana mosamalitsa ananena
ndege; chomera amamera yake, akukonzekera lokha ake amoyo zinthu zimene
umakhala ufulu pansi pa wechselndsten makhalidwe a dziko lakunja, ngakhale
popanda dongosolo, koma yemweyo mu freest zikuchitika. Choncho m'malo mbewu
kukonza ndi fanizo kukula mu fetal zotengeka, munthu ayenera m'malo osati
kulandira zolemba zimenezi kufanizira.
Komabe kupatula wosatsutsika kuyerekezera zomera ambiri, ndi Ftusleben
zingakhalire, mbali yapadera ya zomera ndi zambiri wamkulu ufulu amaziganizira
comparability mu amanena; Ine ndikutanthauza moyo wa plantlet mu mbewu,
kudakali amapereka mwa mayi chomera. Ngakhale apa mosonyeza lonse chomera
dongosolo yapangidwa rootlets, zimayambira ndi Blattfederchen chimene, ndi
chitukuko cha mwana wosabadwayo ku dzira adakali m'gulu la mtedza thupi monga
analogi ngati n'kotheka. Izi amalima mbewu ndithudi, monga bwino lomwe
kumverera ndi kusowa, monga mwana wosabadwayo; koma pamene mwana
wosabadwayo zimenezi akupeza atachoka mayi thupi ndi kuswa dzira ufulu
magalimoto kukambirana ndi mpweya ndi kuwala, chifukwa zomera pang'ono pansi
analogous mavuto?

Mwina si unhelpful kukakomana ndi rashness wa mfundo m'munda umenewu

kwambiri ndi kutsatira ndemanga. Kungoganiza kuti chitsanzo cha moyo amene
anachokera chomera ndi Ftusleben adzakhala wafalikira kuti kwenikweni akhoza
kumanga chinachake pa icho; wina adzakhala ndi ufulu tikuona kulibe kudziona
kumverera mu mbewu? - Iyayi; koma kokha ngati mwina adzagonjetsa pafupi ndi
kudzikonda kukumbukira mwana wosabadwayo izo. The chiyembekezo kuti mwana
wosabadwayo analibe ufulu wodzilamulira kutengeka, ndi lokha pachabe ngati
akufuna kuti, kotero mwina iwo angaoneke ngati ife, koma, panobe unproven,
sangathe kutumikira kutsimikizira mwinamwake kapena kutsutsa. Iwo amati
zinachitikira amatipatsa umboni; Tikukumbukira koma kenanso kumverera kwa
Ftuszustande. Koma kodi munthu amakumbukiranso chokhacho chimene waona
m'nthawi ya masabata angapo akabereka? Kodi iye Choncho ankaona
kanthu? Komabe kupatula tingayembekezere kuti munthu amene akukumbukirabe
zimene anavutikira asanabadwe; komanso zochepa umboni wa kusowa kukumbukira
za kumverera motsutsa mwadzidzidzi kukhala ndi Aphunzitseni. Kukumbukira lokha
ndipamene basi tsopano ndi kubadwa; ndipo ngati ife mbewu komanso Mlengi
chenicheni kukumbukira akakula (khumi ndi chinayi) kukambirana, kotero iye waima
Ndipotu muli ndi mwana wosabadwayo ndithu pa mlingo; chomera anatsogolera
zamatsenga moyo wa mwana wosabadwayo ndi mwana wosabadwayo ku zomera.
Komabe, ndili kutali pofuna kudalira pa mfundo weniweni kutengeka ufulu mwa
mwana wosabadwayo chinachake; Ndinena yekha kuti mmodzi pa anyamata kopanda
zochepa angamange chirichonse, chifukwa aliyense kopanda kuno kokha ayenera
olungama ndi ena tiganizira lonse.
Kupatula pa kukula kayendedwe mpaka ankaona chomera si ngakhale ena ambiri
kayendedwe mu kungomanga ndi kudzifutukula, kulera ndi kutsitsa, kupinda ndi
kasinthasintha wa ziwalo kuti bids, zimene sizinalembedwa kusokonezedwa ndi
kukula kayendedwe, ngakhale kumene momwe izo zonse zimagwirizana pamodzi mu
organic njira, ngakhale likugwirizana. Kodi ife komanso nyama kusiyanitsa ziwiri
zimene limafanana ndi iwiri mawonekedwe a tropism, titero. Chinyama angasinthe
malo kwathunthu, koma chabe kubweretsa wina mbali ya thupi lake zosiyanasiyana
malo, kutembenuka, kutembenukira Komabe, ikhala wonse mu malo. Zoyambazo
kufanizira, zikuoneka, pamene mbewu zina limakula kukhala pakati pawo, za iwo
okha mu chipinda, popanda Koma ngati nyama pamene kutha detach kuchokera
poyambira mfundo kudutsa; letzterm pamene popanda fortzustrecken ndi zatsopano
zimene kale anapeza atsopano zinthu. M'madera onse a chomera pansi pamwamba
atha amenewa kayendedwe; chonsecho tsinde, chonsecho korona akutembenukira
zambiri cha kuwala; ena, tsinde mphepo padziko eni; masamba ndi zimene
kutsitsimuka ndi kugwa mu kutopa; ndi pamakhala zikuchitikazo m'mawa ndi pogona
pamodzi madzulo: ndi stamens ena maluwa kulozetsa pamene nthawi ya umuna
anabwera motsutsa pistil; pali masamba amene kugwira ntchentche ndi kusonkhanitsa
mphukira mozungulira icho. Ena mwa magulu akutsatiridwa yekha mchikakamizo
cha enieni kuno; ena alibe zimenezi, pamene nyengo ya kukula kwa mbewu
limalimbikitsa; aliyense chomera khalidwe mosiyana m'menemo; ena ali tcheru kuti
makutu a mapepala iliyonse kukhudza; Apa ndi zimenezi, pali mbali zina zambiri

linanena, kukwiya ndi mafoni. Pali mu zonse izi chosaphwa zosiyanasiyana. Kodi ife
ndiye kupanga wosangalatsa ku mfundo kumene ubwenzi ndi nzeru zachibadwa ndi
kumverera lotsatira kapena kufanana ndi nyama kayendedwe wamkulu, nthawi zonse
mwanzeru, kuti sitinali kuyembekezera zopanda malire kufanana.
Zomera ndi kuwala ludzu zolengedwa, ndipo yokwanira inu osati, kuwatsogolera
ndi kukula kwa kuunika, amene tinaonako pamwamba; iye akutembenuka konse
konse kudzera amene akanagwiritsa, kubweretsa ndithu malo ochitira ndi udindo
izo. Ngakhale tisaledzere asayansi kufanana muli ndi nzeru zachibadwa nyama
anapeza, ngakhale akuvomereza makamaka basi kanthu koma kufanana.
Choncho Decandolle akuti wake Pflanzenphysiol. II. 874: "Aliyense waona kuti
nthambi za kukopedwa mu greenhouses kapena zipinda zomera ndi mawindo
kutembenukira, kuti nthambi za mitengo kuyesetsa kuwala mfundo zimene kukula pa
makoma zomera anasonyeza kufunitsitsa kusiya iwo, ndipo zomera ambiri, ngati
kufunafuna chifukwa cha wapadera Mwachibadwa, cha kuunika. "
Wa masamba, makamaka pamwamba, amene amafuna kuwala. Ngati inu mupereka
chomera kapena nthambi zimenezi yokumba zinthu kuti nyimbo imatenga
pamwamba tsopano zawo pansi iwonso kuwala posachedwa zimapangitsa petiole
kapena, sanamwe, m'munsi mwa tsamba kasinthasintha, umene zachilengedwe malo
zimapangitsa lokha ( Bonnet).Kukuchititsa amphamvu kuti Knight, mpesa tsamba,
ndi underside amene inawala dzuwa, ndi zimene anali njira iliyonse mu chibadidwe
udindo watsekedwa, anaona kuti pafupifupi aliyense pofuna getsi kumanja. Kangapo,
panali patapita masiku angapo chimodzimodzi mwanjira inayake kufikako anafuna
wokutidwa ndi Back mapindidwe akuwala ake chiguduli pafupifupi wake wonse
kotero, kunafalikira kachiwiri ndi kukakhala zina pa galasi nyumba zenera kwina
kwa kuunika kachiwiri kufikako (Treviranus, Total. 119).
Dutrochet anauza mu m. Rech. P. 131: "Ndinaona kuti, ngati inu mukuyang'ana
kupewa zowonetsera kudzera chapamwamba pamwamba pa tsamba la waima panja
chomera ndi yaing'ono matabwa okutidwa izi pepala, amene si nthawi yomweyo,
koma nthawi zonse zimadalira chikhalidwe, momwe iwo ayenera kuchita chophweka
ndi yachangu ntchito ;. choncho posakhalitsa anachita kupyolera lateral kuchimwa
kwa petiole, nthawi zina ndi maondo yemweyo petiole pambuyo Stengel anali bolodi
kwambiri kuti pepala adzakhala amatha kuchoka, kotero akuyese- ndi petiole pansi,
kotero kuti mbali kufika pakati pa bolodi kuunika kunali anagunda tsamba. "
Lomweli zachilengedwe yokutidwa kudwala leaflet wa nyemba tsamba
(kuchokera Phaseolus vulgaris), amene amadziwika kuti 3 timapepala ta, ndi
yaing'ono matabwa. Tsopano, popeza zimenezi mupewe timapepala ta kwa kufupika
yache tsinde osati mwa mapindidwe akuwala omwewo chivundikirocho ndi
matabwa, kotero izi zinachitidwa ndi mapindidwe akuwala la Community
petiole. "Ngati," anatero Dutrochet, "onani mmene ndalama idzagwira ntchito pano
kudza kwa cholinga chomwecho, inu kuyesedwa kukhulupirira zikupereka
zikugwedezeka pano mobisa ndi malingaliro, amene amasankha zedi njira
kukwaniritsa cholinga. " - Kuti njira kwenikweni ndi vuto lokonda kwambiri kuwala,
osati kuthawa wa bolodi, umene umabwera mu sewero mu zatsopano,

zatsimikiziridwa ndi chakuti, ndi kubwereza chimodzimodzi mu mdima alibe

chikhumbo anasonyeza kuti kuzemba chivundikirocho ndi matabwa.
Achinyamata masamba, ndi kutembenuzira cha mwamsanga kuposa okalamba ngakhale lonse mtengo nthambi angathe chizolowezi masamba adapotoloka, kuti
abwere kuchokera mkhalidwe wawo. (Dassen) mu Wiegm. Chipilala. 1838 II p. 159.)
Pambuyo Bonnets ndi mayesero ena, pamene chinsalu Ufumuyo kuti angapatutse
kuwala kwake chapamwamba padziko mwa njira iliyonse, koma kukakamizidwa
kutembenukira pansi chomwecho, kotero oipayo amawononganso pa pepala; inde
chivundi kufalikira kumeneko pa nthambi. Choncho kwenikweni congenial moyo,
amene amafuna kuti tipambane dzanja lake lamanja udindo m'kuunika.
Dassen (Fror. N. mwadzidzidzi. VI. 51) zaposachedwapa anapanga zatsopano ndi
amene iye aganiza kuti iye angakhoze kutsimikizira kuti kayendedwe ka masamba,
amene amati ndi mphamvu ya kuwala otsiriza, sikuti zimadalira koma masamba
konse ali ndi chizolowezi kutembenukira wake wina palmu m'mwamba, ndipo
zimenezi kutenga zonse yesetsani, komanso kupambana wotani zinthu nkhani ya
kuwala, kutentha, chinyezi. Ndipotu zikuoneka ake zatsopano, kuti chochitika
popanda zochita za kuwala chikuchitika; Komabe ndikufuna pamwambapa zatsopano
Dutrochets ndi ena koma osati lonse zinakhalako Dassens zinthu. Pakuti ife,
zokambirana pa nkhani imeneyi kwenikweni; monga ife, chiwembu ayenera basi
kutumikira posonyeza mmene zomera kuyesetsa okha mwa cholinga kayendedwe mu
Nature ochezeka zinthu mwanjira yofanana ndi nyama, ndipo izo ziribe kanthu
kwenikweni ngati mikhalidwe ikukhudzana bwanji kuunika kapena yokoka, kapena
china chirichonse ,
Pakati maluwa, mpendadzuwa wina woyenera dzina lake, zosachepera ndi
chizolowezi kutsatira malo a dzuwa Inde, ndi dzuwa monga maonekedwe. Komabe
Athannsius Kircher ngakhale sundial akufuna kukhazikitsa zimenezi.
Nyumba adzakhala otsatirawa: Pakati pansi lalikulu, pang'ono wodzazidwa ndi
madzi, mphika adzakhala yachitsulo nsonga wokwera ndi Ufumuyo ichi ndithu
chidutswa cha Nkhata Bay kuti yemweyo chete pa madzi ndipo akhoza atembenuza
momasuka padziko pamwamba. Pa chimbale inu Mlengi amene ali ndi mpendadzuwa
pamodzi ndi muzu mu ofukula malangizo (inunso mukhoza apite tsinde mwa Nkhata
Bay). Kuchokera tsinde lokha mumuke mpaka mpumulo wa mbewu zina mapeyala
magulu mu madzi. Iwo anazungulira izo, duwa ndi zitsulo mphete, pa mumtima
mbali, kuchuluka kwa maola pambuyo pa ufulu wa malo zalembedwa molondola kuti
pulagi-mu mapeto pakati koloko Cholozera tingasonyeze anthu a. Chipangizo
kulingalira tsopano mmawa panja kuti kumpoto kwa womwewo anatembenukira
dzuwa. Duwalo tsopano njira yomweyo Ndiyeno posonyeza maora.
Ndithudi, izi ndi chabe gimmick; popeza dzuwa si iye yekha, amene amasankha
malo a mpendadzuwa; mmodzi amaona mpendadzuwa mokwanira amene
sakhulupirira kuti dzuwa;ngati nyama yake bwino kayendedwe komanso si
anatsimikiza kokha chifukwa nzothandiza. Koma dzuwa ali Mulimonse yaikulu
kuwalimbikitsa kuti udindo wa duwali kuti zina zambiri maluwa ali ndi
chikoka. (Vergi. Analankhulana ndi Hegel ndemanga .. 54.)

Ambiri herbaceous zomera kukopa lake ndi nthambi zake penapake pambuyo
m'kupita kwa dzuwa, monga. Mwachitsanzo, Lupinus luteus, Reseda luteola,
Sonchus arvensis, etc. (Van Hall. Elem. Bot. P. 28).
Momveka bwino mu milandu chinaneneratu kale chizolowezi zomera mbali ndi
cha kuwala, komabe palinso milandu kumene kuunika m'malo anathawa, basi monga
nyama ndi nyama zina ndi zina, yemweyo nzothandiza anathawa, umzake Fufuzani
pansi kwambiri zinthu.
Choncho analemba Mohl (za zomangamanga ndi mphepo ya mipesa p.26):
"winawake oddity bwanji ting'onoting'ono ta nthambi ya mpesa ndi Knight a (Philos
transact 1812. tsa 314th ..) Cissus hederacea mwa monga ena wobiriwira mbali
zomera kutembenukira kwa nkhaniyi kuwala, koma ku mbali pamene kuwala
nkhaniyi Tembenukani. Zodabwitsazi n'chochititsa chidwi chifukwa duwa matsango
a munda wampesa, kumene ting'onoting'ono ta nthambi zitangomera, izi Thawani
kusonyeza kutsogolo kwa kuwala. Izi kupinda mmbuyo chochitikacho kuwala
zimaonekera osati pamene Rebenschlinge ali ndi chipinda chimodzi, amene
alandira mbali imodzi yokha kukhala kuwala, komanso kwambiri chidwi misinkhu
ziyangoyango zomwe akukopeka poyera pamene mipesa zambiri kapena
kucheperapo kulowera kumpoto bwanji, kapena ngati iwo akukopeka pa makoma,
ziperekedwa motsutsana ndi ichi ... kuti chochitika ichi facilitates kukumbatira kwa
eni, izo mophweka, koma kuti malangizo ndi chifukwa zochita za kuwala, inu
mukhoza kuwona izo kuti mipesa kutembenukira komanso salowerera mphukira wa
mpesa ku chochitika kuwala, kuti, ngati inu kuika sapling wa mpesa pansi lotseguka
zenera, mipesa kumbuyo malo opanda kanthu pa chipinda kutembenukira, osati
mmbali motsutsana linga la zenera, chokha thupi kuti ali pafupi. - Izi kuthawa kuwala
kukuoneka pa ting'onoting'ono ta nthambi ya Cissus ndi Vitis zuzukommen,
osachepera ine ndikanakhoza (Mohl) pa ting'onoting'ono ta nthambi ya Passifloras
kuchokera Cobaea zindikirani, amene anakulira greenhouses, imene kuwala mukhoza
kuganizira mbali imodzi yokha, konse, kuti mwina zuwendeten kuwala kapena
yemweyo anathawa. Chomwecho ine anaonanso
pa Passiflora coerulea, Pisum sativum, Lathyrus odoratus, pa maungu amene
ndinasamukira mu chipinda changa; ngakhale zimayambira a zomera mwamphamvu
mmbuyo cha kuwala, mipesa anali adakali uniformly mbali zonse yoposa. "
Pambuyo Dutrochet tsopano kuthawa tsinde nsonga
Anakweranso (Humulus lupulus) ndi bindweed (Convolvulus sepium), ndi rootlets wa
germinating tirigu mistletoe komanso kuwala. Pambuyo samalipira zomwezo, mizu
ya kabichi, ndi woyera mpiru, ngati inu mudzazindikira, ngati inu kubzala mbewu za
zomera pa thonje ikuyandama kapu yodzaza madzi.Monga zimayambira unakhota
cha kuwala, mizu anakana kuunika kuti mbewu ndi S akuimira. Mizu ya Sedum
telephium kuitana osati kuchokera koma kufalitsa kwa dzuwa. Pa mizu ya cress koma
amakhudza ngakhale ambiri kapena mwachindunji kuwala kumene komanso
amachita kuwala pa mizu, koma mbali ya ndingaliro ya mizu nthawi zonse
zing'onozing'ono kuposa a mafuko. (Comptes rendus. 1843. II. 1043.)
Pakati chidwi kwambiri Mwachibadwa ofanana mawu a moyo wa zomera ndi

anthu amene twining zomera ayamba awo eni bwanji zimene makamaka Mohl
uthenga outcrops anapereka (mu m. Mphindi wa mphepo ya mipesa).
A chomera amene walandira kuchokera mwachibadwa makonzedwe amathamanga
thamanga ndi limbikitse, chidutswa chochokera lapansi hervorkeimend okha
vertically mu mlengalenga, koma amatsamira ku Fort waxing kumtunda mu
dongosolo, kuti iye ndi wagrechten kwa ikuyandikira kwambiri Komabe, akhala
m'munsi wowongoka. Tsopano izi ofukula mbali akuyamba atembenuza za nguli, kuti
ulusi yace kuganiza mwauzimu udindo. Ziri ngati chingwe yomwe imachitika pa
chapamwamba mfundo ndi zimayenda ndi inayi yekha; kupatula mu mbewu ubwenzi
wapatsidwa m'malo m'munsimu rooting mu nthaka, ndi kasinthasintha ikuchitika
mwini umoyo wa mbewu. Inde, akuyese- motsutsa yatsala mbali motsogoleredwa
bwalo, ndipo kudzera mwa kupambaza zoyenda amafuna mbewu zina. Kodi si
anakwanitsa limodzi mabwalo, kupeza mmodzi, kotero iye mobwerezabwereza
bwino kangapo pamene iwo Project anatambasula za feeler ndi Fort kupitiriza
kukula. Iwo akanakhoza bwalo la zikuluzikulu utali wozungulira chithandizo kuima
amene akusowa ang'onoang'ono mabwalo. Koma akapeza chomera m'njira ayi,
kotero iye amapereka mmwamba pofuna; Ndi katundu wolemera kwambiri wake
kutenga motalika kwambiri kukhala feeler pamwamba pa nthaka, inu wogona pansi
ndi ankakwaa kunja kwa nthawi yaitali mpaka amapeza chithandizo. Kodi izo
tsopano apeza, mosazindikira nthawi yomweyo chifukwa akamva tsopano
mwadzidzidzi pa kupitiriza kukwawa, ndipo tsopano akuthamanga kuzungulira
limbikitse m'mwamba. Anazindikira chirichonse cha izo, ndi anaikonda mulibe,
anakwera thandizo kuthamanga, kotero iye akanati mulimonse byway kuthamanga
kupitiriza yapita malangizo, kumene iye anali ndi yabwino, osati kuyesetsa za
kuwopsa anafunika.
The looping wa kudziletsa ndiye kugwira kasinthasintha wa kumulowetsa tsinde
okha (amene amapanga ulusi pofotokoza mwauzimu mzere), monga momwe
kutsimikizira nokha pamene inu kukoka pamodzi twining tsinde ndi inki
zikwapu; awa kukhala olamulira kufanana (Mohl p.111).
Komabe, amaimira bwino kachiwiri, kotero, ndipo amanena kuti zithunzizi kotero,
thupi pempho la thandizo kwa mbewu, iwo kukokomeza m'mwamba
akuthamanga; Timatha si kumbuyo izo. Komabe, ndi chimodzimodzi mbiri
yakalekale. Ndi ofanana cholondola N'kuthekanso kuyang'ana lokhalamo
kuthamanga kwa gologolo pa calibration fuko monga kwangochepetsako pang'ono
chabe zovuta masewera a nzothandiza cha kuunika cheza amene amagwa Eich
mafuko diso la gologolo, ndi calibration mavuto kokha kwa zovuta zipangizo ndi
kayendedwe mu gologolo; limapezeka kwenikweni komabe zochepa explicable ngati
wouma pansi mwina limakhumudwitsa twining chomera mpaka-dziko chipale
chofewa, monga ngati kuwala kumene anachokera ku mtengo, ndipo mtengo
wamoyo mwina limakhumudwitsa gologolo yekha. Ndipo ngati inu hypothetically
mu monga ena choncho akhoza kuonedwa bwino, mmodzi limakhala iye kuti
kuonedwa monga ena choncho basi monga choncho. Koma ine amanena inu ku kale
kukambirana.

Zomera tsopano mphepo njira yake mpaka ku nsonga ya achitetezo. Ngati iwo ali
pamwamba, kodi iye anachita chiyani? The thandizo pa mathero; kufunika izo
Imatipatsa lokha ndi chomera akuyamba monga ku chiyambi, kuyang'ana
izo. Chimakula kachiwiri yekha pang'ono mu mlengalenga, ndiyeno kubwerera
padziko ndi kuyamba kachiwiri kuti muziyenda mwa mabwalo kupeza wina
limbikitse.
Ena mwa writhing zomera ndi peculiarity basi, ndi ena, umherzutasten chabe
anachoka mu bwalo, ndiyeno writhe komanso nthawi zonse chotero malangizo. Iwo
anaika ndodo kumanzere pafupi ndi batani ufulu wa twining ndi chomera amafuna
thandizo lawo, ndipo sanapeze iye, chimachititsa m'malo ngakhale kutali ndi
izo. Ameneyu kukangana motsutsa kuli ndi nzeru zachibadwa. Chifukwa, iwo amati,
ndi nzeru zachibadwa adzapanga mbewu mukukumbukira pafupipansi; M'malomwake, iye akusunthira kutali ndi izo. Koma mlandu amatsimikizira
zomwe ife kale kuzidziwa, kuti Mwachibadwa wamangidwa mu ake Mawu
lachibadwa kachitidwe. Inde, batani alibe maso, ndipo ngakhale hungriest saona
chidutswa cha mkate, amene anali kumbuyo kwake, munthu wakhungu ngakhale
pamene zikupereka iye mphuno yake. Koma pamene anauza ndi nzeru zachibadwa
kuti akanatha kumupatsa chakudya, choncho anayenera kumufufuza kupeza izo,
pamene mkate mosavuta kuphonya, monga mbewu anaphonya thandizo, malinga ndi
wolungama zake ndalama osati kufunafuna ndi kayendedwe ka mphuno, koma
manja, zimene iye akufuna.
Ambiri zomera entwine akufa ndi amoyo eni; ndi dodder (Cuscuta), basi kutulukira
achinyamata, limasiyanitsa awiri; iwo umwindet yekha omveka bwino. 1) N'chifukwa
chiyani anthu ena Mwachibadwa kuposa mbewu zina? Awo moyo ndi osiyana. The
ena twining zomera ndi ting'onoting'ono ta nthambi m'mwamba, kukhala akadali
mizu mu nthaka ndi akuyamwitsa chakudya, ngakhale popanda thandizo hergibt
amenewa. The dodder koma zimapangitsa pambuyo utakula m'nthaka omwewo
kwathunthu kuchotsa izo naye kutsatira mizu n'kufa, ndipo tsopano iwo angathe
chabe pa moyo zomera ndi rootlets, amene iwo mu abulusa kusamukira
chakudya; zimene iye theka, ndi akufa katundu. Moyo tsinde Mosiyana ali ndi izo ndi
zolimba motsatana, iye imayamwa iye, iye afa zambiri kumwamba. Kodi tsopano
chingatithandize mbewu? Pa imfa sakupeza chakudya panobe. Iwo akuyamba
tsopano pa awo mosinthana kuwonjezera akanakhala potero angazindikire wina
wowonjezera kutentha.
1)

Ngakhale Mohl (pa ntchito yomanga ndi mphepo ting'onoting'ono ta nthambi

S. 127. 131) limanena kuti Cuscata wouma opanda moyo matupi, z. B. ndodo
ya paini nkhuni, galasi ndodo, siliva machubu, komanso winch kuposa moyo
(Stengel koma anafotokoza kuti mawu amenewa akulu toyesa amene mizu kale
pa chamoyo zomera ndi akhoza akuyamwitsa zimenezi kumapita chakudya,
pamene anapeza Palm, (About mphepo ya zomera tsa 48) kuti dodder konse
kuti mitembo mphepo; anapereka iye ndi zambiri akufa kapena zochita
kupanga matupi zosiyanasiyana monga eni, ndipo iye konse anafuna kukhala
chinachake za izo zinali chomwecho malupu zamoyo zimayambira The

akuoneka kutsutsana awiriwa specifications ayenera kuthetsedwa ngati wina

amaganiza kuti Palm. ayesa wamng'ono zomera, chifukwa imeneyi ndi Mohl
(ngakhale kuti ambiri) mayesero ndi anthu a Palm mogwirizana Iye anati (p
138 lake lakuti): "Kaya achinyamata, wawuka chabe ku mbewu. Cascuta
Europaea zosiyana kumathandiza (mphepo ku mitundu yonse ya anafa kuposa
moyo zimayambira), ine sindikudziwa ena; ena ankafuna kuti ndinapangana
ndi izo amanena; koma ndinalibe mwayi ganyu inu bwino number, popeza
mbewu zonse Cascuta, amene ine ausshte mobwerezabwereza, osati
aufgingen, ndipo kuyambira wamng'ono toyesa, amene anakumba ine panja,
onse anawonongedwa kupatulapo chinthu chimodzi, amene ndinali kuchita
zatsopano. Kuwonjezera ichi chitsanzo, amene anali akadali mu mbewu odula,
ndi chimene chinali chotsutsana 2 mainchesi yaitali, ine ndi mkuwa waya kuti
anagwira chomera; pambuyo 3 masiku, izi anali chilonda m'chaching'ono ndi
chomwecho, aponso kuposa iye writhed padziko yaing'ono ndodo ya
paini. Kamodzi ndinali koma amathira pafupi ndi moyo nettle kuti
anakhudzidwa mapesi, iye writhed mwa maora naini za chomwecho. "

Yotsirizira ndemanga kuti ine sindikupeza mu Lemba Mohl anali analankhulira

kwa ine ndi Prof. Kunze.
Kumanja ndi kumanzere-mphepo twining zomera dzuwa kapena mwezi, kapena
ndemanga pa udindo kuyatsa chimachita. Kuti mtundu wina pomwe, mphepo
posachedwapa posachedwapa anachoka, Mohl anali Sanaganize. Choncho
chosefukira ake kuyang'anila writhe ndi mitundu ya mtundu, koma nthawi imodzi
banja, zofanana. Ambiri mipesa mphepo kumanzere.
Pambuyo kuwala kwa creepers kukhazikitsa zambiri zosakwana zomera zina
(onani mkuyu. S, 142). Ngakhale usiku ndi wathunthu kukanidwa kuwala kumapanga
zozungulira mwaulesi, kapena squirm siech awo zogwiriziza (Mohl p.122).
The kale anaona zochita za achinyamata amapanga lokha anamva ngakhale
mphepo ya zomera. Zozungulira mwaulesi, zomwe zimachititsa tsinde la mpesa
anachita chimodzimodzi basi wa anyamata boma; kenako iye ndi olimba, zake, ndipo
tsopano sangathenso kukulunga padziko zogwiriziza, ngakhale atha kubweretsa
mwachindunji kukhudzana naye.
Thunthu ena mitengo akhoza kukulunga padziko okha popanda choletsa mu
molunjika kukula, ngakhale motsatana akukopeka yekha yaitali ndi samasankha
ngakhale kupanga lonse lozungulira. Ngati palibe wapadera pano kuyang'ana,
muyenera kuona izi ngati osati mawu a winawake nzeru zachibadwa monga zolinga
woterewu zomera kupeza thandizo. Koma palinso pano mfundo amene chidwi
malinga ngati mukukumbukira theka malamulo, theka-free njira anthu ndi nyama
kusintha ndi maonekedwe makhazikitsidwe. Nkhuni, amene anganene, khalidwe iyi
si matabwa, koma akutembenukira ndi kukumbatiridwa, monga mkati abulusa ndi
kufotokoza mmene izo ungasunge zosonyeza ndi organic maziko a chitukuko cha
moyo. Izi mosonyeza mphepo ngakhale losavuta, akufa, kulikonse ndi zifukwa zonse

pakokha njira ulamuliro koma ndi titero, moyo madzi ulamuliro zotsatira zina
munthu kusiyana kwa chikhalidwe cha mbewu, mwina inali kusinthidwa mavuto pa
ife konse ndithu anbequemt kuchita masamu unsembe.
Ife miyendo padziko Leipzig ndi Avenue, chomwe makamaka ya laimu mitengo
ndi kavalo chestnuts, ndipo tione chinthu mosamala Rokastanienbume
m'menemo; kotero mudzawazindikira wokongola kwambiri onse kwambiri
makungwa ming'alu ndipo anakweza Rindenwlsten chomwecho ena kutalika
m'nkhaniyi mwauzimu kasinthasintha kwambiri.(Makamaka kupanda pakati ena
angapo a ataima pakati pa Barfupfrtchen ndi zisudzo mafuko. Kodi palibe
kwambiri ming'alu kapena bulges panopa, kuda la mwauzimu kasinthasintha akadali
zambiri pochita atatsamira pa olamulira pa tsinde malangizo a ming'alu
ing'onoing'ono.) The mwauzimu kasinthasintha limatuluka kulikonse pamodzi ndi
kumanzere (kwa anyamata kudzaonerera) mu msinkhu. The kasinthasintha malangizo
ndi choncho olimba pa Rokastanienbaume mtima ngati kuti ndi tsinde kumulowetsa
herbaceous chomera. Koma mlingo wa kasinthasintha zedi osiyana chifukwa
chomwecho, ngakhale oyandikana nawo mafuko. An khola Linden mungachite
yemweyo amene amaona Komabe paliponse yotsimikizika zizindikiro za
kasinthasintha. Wotuluka mu Rosental ndipo amaona tizilombo ta
hornbeam (Carpinus betulus), amene wochuluka izo, kotero kwambiri komanso
palibe zikuluzikulu chizindikiro cha kasinthasintha adzaperekedwa; koma ena
kumachitika kwambiri pa, koma kuti monga bwino zikuchitika tizilombo ta, kumene
kasinthasintha wa kumanzere, monga kumene anawuka kuchokera kumanja kupita
kumanzere. Ndidaziyesa pa yaikulu amayenda 20 mafuko a ku 14 tizilombo ta
yachiwiri mtundu, ndi preponderance wakale motsutsa yamasika, koma chifukwa cha
wina chigawo angochoka ankaoneka tortuous mitengo ikuluikulu, choncho kumene
anali chitukuko cha malangizo anapambana makamaka zinkawayendera bwino
anachita. pamene ndinakumana mwinamwake kumanzere ndi choyenera kwambiri
kusakhazikika tortuous kuwombola ndi pakati pa anthu awiri anali ndi chimene awiri
oppositely bala tizilombo ta ofanana anayima mbali kwa mbali, tisamaope zikuoneka
pansi kwambiri chofanana. The mitengo ya Rose Valley bwanji kanthu wa
kasinthasintha. Yonseyi osiyanasiyana milandu, kotero mudzapeza izo kachiwiri
zotsatirazi chifukwa cholimba ndi chitukuko cha machitidwe a nyama ndi
anthu. Amalowerera mbewu mwanjira inayake kwambiri kutsogolo, kotero kanthu ali
ndi mphamvu zambiri kuthamanga iwo; koma pamene ndalama si anaganiza, pamene
iye chikuyang'ana kusiyana kwa kunja zochitika ngati zimenezi, izi kapena kuti
malangizo a chitukuko, popanda kuti akanakhoza kuchita masamu ndi kunja zinthu
yekha.
Pambuyo Goethe a Mawu chililaka birch, kupatulapo spirally kuchokera
kumanzere kwa udachitikira; koma inu konse mumtima ngati mizati ya fuko
amazindikira. Alibe birch, mitengo ikuluikulu kusonyeza mwauzimu kasinthasintha
kwambiri loonetsa kuposa iwo amene ali mu ziyangoyango. Yemweyo ananena kuti
malinga ndi mfundo vorkmen forstmnnischen pansi m'nkhalango milandu kumene
mavuto kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi kuganiza wopota, tortuous
malangizo; inu mwakhulupirira, chifukwa mungakonde mitengo pa Brane anapeza

kunja zotsatira kudzera mkuntho anali chifukwa; koma inu kupeza ngati ngakhale
densest nkhalango, ndi kubwereza izo choncho pambuyo wina Molingana, kuti L
pafupifupi 1 1/2 PC, pa wonse, zochitika akanakhoza kuchitira. Ngakhale zakale
mgoza mitengo ndi mitengo ikuluikulu ya Crataegus torminalis akudza pambuyo
Goethe, ndi mwauzimu kasinthasintha pamaso (Goethe adakhala. Ntchito Vol 55. tsa
123). Ine ngakhale anapeza Maholderstamm (Acer campestre) m'malo
tortuous. Mitundu ndi anthu a mitengo komabe anasonyeza mtima kanthu wa
kasinthasintha.
Pakati kayendedwe ka zikupiringizikira ndi kupinda, zimapangitsa zomera m'njira
ya chitukuko cha moyo wake wa mwini, ndiko zikuchitika wa corolla pamene
maluwa ndi kutsekedwa kapena kusintha malo ziwalo mu otchedwa tulo zomera
vorzugsweisem chidwi. Koma inu Musaiwale kuganizira ake chidwi pa maluwa
zimayambira ndi masamba. Iwo achisomo kwambiri kufanana zimachitika pano,
amene ndithudi kusiya ife tanthauzo la m'kati moyo wa zomera zokha ndikuganiza
kuposa kuti ife titsatire kwenikweni. Tiyeni kukumbukira kugwirizana ndi dzuwa
kupita reciprocating kayendedwe ka madzi kakombo ndi zamaluwa kwa usiku ndi
tsiku. Monga zimapangitsa madzi kakombo m'madzi pambuyo Linnaeus,
zimapangitsa Huftattig (Tussilago farfara) kupatula madzi; mwachitsanzo atseka
usiku maluwa ndi Sachita iwo pansi, mofanana ndi wopusa munthu amene watseka
maso ake ndi mauta mutu wake. Ambiri, m'munsi maluwa usiku si zachilendo,
ngakhale kuti paliponse pafupi ndi maluwa; monga Komano zambiri maluwa pafupi,
popanda kutsitsa lokha.Aliyense kuvumbitsira zawo.
Pakuti ambiri mmene malo a maluwa phesi ndi nthawi ya maluwa nyengo
yoikika. The poppy akutenga Mphukira kwambiri odulidwa, malinga ngati
sanabadwe maluwa, koma stiffly chilili, pamene iwo maluwa; ngakhale maluwa
koma wolemera kwambiri kuposa Mphukira, ngati namwali mutu wake
modzichepetsa amamuchititsa likhale tsiku lina kunyamula wonyada monga mkazi
ndi kudzitama kwawo kudzikongoletsa. - Pa huwakinto, umene imayambirira
kuphuka, onse maluwa kukankha mwamphamvu padziko damu mzere pamodzi ngati
chatsekedwa nkhonya ndipo komabe kuona zobiriwira ngati masamba; ngati
ngakhale pang'ono lingaliro la chimene mudzakhala imene iwo. Koma pamene iwo
mochuluka ndi mochuluka momwe tingathere ndi zina akutembenukira kutali kuti
mwalamulo omwe mpweya ndi kuwala, ndipo kodi china, asangalale, ndipo
zobiriwira ukusandulika wokondeka mtundu. - The Euphorbia oleaefolia
Gouan amalola mutu wake kukangamira pa mwa chisanu ndi kulengeza mwa
Sichaufrichten (pambuyo Draparnaud) adzabwerenso kasupe kuti (Decand 11.
628th). - Mwa mtundu Phaca ena nyemba ndi Blumenstielchen imazungulira moti
chapamwamba zipatso msoko amene atsegula yekha, ndi kuchepetsa ndi mbewu
zimene zimathandiza kuti precipitate pa kusasitsa ya malaya. (Decand. II. 623.)
Kuwasamala ndi chitetezo chimene akulandira kwa ena zomera akagona ndi udindo
wawo masamba wosakhwima mbali, ndi kudutsa erection masamba ndi tsinde kapena
nsonga ya nthambi mawonekedwe mwina mtundu wa nyuzi, achinyamata maluwa
kapena kutetezedwa masamba (Malva Peruviana), kapena ndi a ulemu masamba

ukutsika ndi pa zanthete ndi Chipilala mawonekedwe (Impatiens noli

ine tangere), kapena masamba a gulu pepala apangidwe kotero kuti maluwa pakati
wamkulu monga. (Trifolium
resupinatum ndi incarnatum,Kakombo tetragonolobus ndi ornithopodioides etc.)
Komabe zambiri zokhudza otchedwa chomera sofa, S. M'gawo lino appended zina.
Papita ngati anaerama, monga amasangalatsa chomera mbali, ndi m'goli
humidification, kapena kufotokoza wosiyana Kutentha kwa ulusi osiyanasiyana mbali
pa tsinde. Yaing'ono tsopano okwanira osati likutsimikizira zimenezi wosiyana
makhalidwe osiyana zomera mu moyo wofanana, umene ndithu analogous ndi
m'malo chimodzimodzi osiyana makhalidwe osiyana nyama ndi moyo wofanana,
koma ndithu chidwi ndi nkhani ya Vallisneria spiralis, amene mapesi ngakhale
pamene madzi ndi masikono mwauzimu.
Onse tanena kale kayendedwe ka kukula, kupinda, kutembenuka, kugonjetsa
zomera kukhala odekha wachibale kayendedwe kuti anthu ndi nyama angapange. The
munthu, nyama mwamsanga chimafikira mkono wake, ndi claw wamvetsetsa zimene
zikuoneka zothandiza, ndipo chimakakamiza izo kumbuyo basi mwamsanga. Kodi
mofulumira kusintha kayendedwe mu akuchitira, kuthamanga, kudumpha! Zonsezi
mu mbewu. Iye amatambasula pang'onopang'ono inayambira, limatuluka yekha
pang'onopang'ono awo zimayambira, zokwawa pang'onopang'ono mmwamba
limbikitse, mwakuwoneka waulesi amatsatira kuno kuti kuwatsatira, ndipo akhala ku
nthawi zonse mu zikalata kuti kamodzi anakhulupirira.Komabe pamavuta palibe
chifukwa ofooka maganizo ndi chidziwitso kutseka naye, ngati wamphamvu
maganizo ndi zikhumbo ndi ufulu pa ndendende onse amphamvu mkati kusintha
kayendedwe kuposa mwaunyinji kapena wamkulu rapidity akunja kayendedwe,
imene yotsirizira zinyalala pa yogwira ndi yopapatiza dera la zochita za mbewu anali
wamng'ono chifukwa. Taganizirani za munthu amene kwambiri ndikuganiza momwe
ntchito mu mutu wake; otetezeka, ngakhale kuti sitingathe kuona izo, izo umayenda
mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo mu ambirimbiri wochenjera mitsempha ndi mtima TV, amene
amapanga maganizo ake zimene tikanatha kumeneko; koma kunja uwona
kanthu. Kangati amaona m'kati mwenimweni mwa mkazi, ndi mmene pang'ono ndi
amasonyeza kawirikawiri kunja; si kanthu za thupi analimbikitsa mwa iye; M'malo
mwake, misozi mungafunike kukakamiza diso, ndi kuphipha mwina mulowa anga
onse miyendo, mtima akufuna inu mukhoza anayamba, inde, pali milandu kuti ziri
analumphira pa mumtima mtima, kudzera amphamvu chilakolako cha magazi; Koma
zonse izi zikhoza kutheka popanda zooneka kunja kayendedwe. Mofanana mkati
kusintha kumeneku zofunikira kwambiri mawu a kwambiri ankaona kutengeka ndi
chidziwitso, monga zonse mungathe, malinga akusonyeza okha offshoots anthu
amene ali kunja. Ngati munthu kukhadzulirana anakwiya pa ena, si kayendedwe ka
mkono wake kuti zimene kutengeka umaonekera mwachindunji mu thupi, koma
chinachake chimene akawinduka ndi mkwiyo mu ubongo, ndi kuyika dzanja mwa
Handbook sing'anga wa pomaliza wa cranial misempha ,Mukhoza akugwira dzanja,
ndi mkwiyo kumatenga yekha kuchuluka mosalekeza; mukhoza kusunga
kayendedwe mu ubongo, munthu kuona apa m'munsimu unachitikira kuwombola
conditionality mzimu ndi thupi herewith mkwiyo wokha; zimatsimikizira

mwakamodzi, monga pamene muyeso wa mkwiyo amachititsa enaake owononga

ubongo, onse kayendedwe mu ubongo ndi zonse zikhumbo chikhalebe cholimba pa
nthawi yomweyo.
Choncho si ndizo zinthu zofunika, kuona wokongola wamphamvu akunja
kayendedwe kutseka pa amphamvu mphukira ndi zomverera, koma mkati
kayendedwe kuti amaonanso, amene Koma malinga auffordernder nthawi ndi zolinga
zingathe kusintha mu kunja kayendedwe, koma izo ayi nthai zonse.
Kodi ife kulola kumasulira kwa ife zokha, mwa njira palibiretu kukula kwa
mumtima kayendedwe pa Seraya, monga ukulu wa kusintha, zimene iwo tsankhu,
kapena kupanga zomwe Anazindikira kuti, umene mphamvu ya maganizo ndi
anazindikira zikhumbo akufotokozereni. Zonse zikuchitika mu wamba m'mabande
mwa ife apo, ngakhale magazi ndi mantha maganizo mukhoza kuthamanga kudya
mokwanira, kotero ife kuchita kanthu koma tinganene moyo za izo, koma aliyense
kusintha kapena aliyense strut zimene zinali mwa kunja kwenikweni nzothandiza,
kaya kudzera mkati zochitika, ndi anabala, timamva nthawi yomweyo kotero
yolimbikitsa, zazikulu mphamvu yogwira motsatana mu eliciting kusintha. Ngati ife
muzitenge izi, zomwe zambiri cogent ngati kwambiri komabe alibe wofanana ndi
mokwanira powunikira, kotero ife asaphonye otchulidwa omveka bwino zotengeka
ndi tikuyamba-ankaona chidziwitso ngakhale kunja kwambiri kuwonekera
kayendedwe ka kakombo chifukwa kunja yaing'ono kayendedwe kugwirizana ndi
osiyanasiyana akusewera mkati kusintha kwakukulu mopupuluma kuti kusintha
pamodzi. Tikudziwa kuti aliyense wodzipereka kupinda ndi kasinthasintha wa
mbewu mbali ndi timadziti kuthamanga Kukonzedwa ndipo mwina bwino,
mankhwala mtanda kusinthidwa akufotokozereni. Ndipo kodi zimenezi
zimaphatikizapo kusintha mawonekedwe a mbewu kwa mkati ndi kunja kotero mbali
zonse ndipo sadzadwalanso, monga mmene zimakhalira mu kukula tsinde, mu
Mphukira ndi maluwa mphukira wa mkati chilakolako. Inde, zinachitikira
zikutsimikizira mwachindunji mphamvu za mopupuluma. The kuyamwa kuti
limatuluka kuti akhoza mwa mphamvu zimene amachita kulera lalikulu madzi ndi
Mercury ndime; ndi muzu wotsika akhoza kudutsa katundu Mercury, ndipo mkatikati
mwa olimba lapansi, ndi germinating nandolo, Quecken u. zotero. ndi m'pomveka
zambiri zimafika mu clumps. Tsopano ife tikuwona koma kotero kudzuka ndi
mphamvu kapena kutsika, madzi simuphwanya wofatsa milandu Mphukira kapena
muzu mphukira, limene likulowerera, yosakongola; Choncho chiwawa akugwiritsa
ntchito zina kutulutsa wa masamba kapena suckers, kukula kwa masamba ndi
maluwa okha.
"Aliyense akudziwa kuti pamene mpesa amazidulira kwa odulidwa pamalo amene
nkhuni zidzavumbulutsidwa, ku madzi, ndi kuti pamene amazidulira mitengo, madzi
si kutsika ndipo akutumikira kukhala ndi masamba. Hales ankafuna kudziwa, ndi
amene kukakamiza chakudya madzi akukwera mu mafuko. Kuti mudziwe izi, iye
ndinazolowera chapamwamba mapeto a asanu inchi yaitali mpesa pa chubu ndipo
anadutsa zimenezi mosamala ndi putty kuti mwamsanga kwa mpesa madzi
sakanakhoza ikuyenda, choncho, lotengeka ndi wa fuko la kumene loyenda madzi
kuchokera pansi, anali kudziunjikira mu chubu pa anayesa madzi 21 mapazi

ndinakwera ;. pa wachiwiri anali 38 mainchesi anakweza mu chubu pamwamba

Grommet Mercury ku mpesa yoposa mwamsanga madzi. Pankhaniyi, ayenera
kukhala yokwanira kuti zakudya madzi chikuchititsa zonsezi, mavuto 2 1/2 kupirira
atmospheres. Pambuyo Hales 'mawerengedwe ndi 5 nthawi wamphamvu kuposa
mphamvu amene amayendetsa magazi mu mwendo womwe ndi mtsinje wa kavalo. "
"Senebier limatuluka motsutsana Hales 'ankafuna kukayikira kuti nkhanizi ndi
chakuti pamene chakudya madzi kwenikweni kukwera ndi mphamvu mu
mlengalenga, amene amati izo molingana anati mayesero, chinali chachilendo kuti
akanatha ndi ofooka chipolopolo wa Mphukira kusiyidwa. Koma tsopano (limati
Decandolle) Zikuoneka kuti si masamba chipolopolo yekha amene mabasi iye, koma
mfundo ndi yakuti madzi kuti chitukuko cha latsopano mbali umagwiritsidwa, ndi
kuti, chifukwa si umayenda kuchokera ku chomera, ndi kotero wambirimbiri
likulowerera kudzera muzu. (Decand. Physiol. I. 76.)
Pamene mbewu ya onunkhira nsawawa (Lathyrus odoratus L akhoza zimere.) Pa
mzati wodzazidwa ndi kuthamanga Mercury chikho ndi zikupereka ndi mosavuta
zedi chipangizo kotero Pinots umalimbana Malinga ndi mayesero, ndi rootlets kuti
mbewu perpendicular pansi ndi Chifalikira mu Mercury wina, ngakhale yotsirizira
zambiri wolemera kwambiri kuposa kuti "(Journ de A pharm 1829. T. XV tsa 490; .....
m'mbiri ya kutentha Makasitomala gulu IV H. S. 4. 408. 409th. cf Ann .. des sayansi
nat 1829 ;. Revue bibliographique 129. 130.).
"Kodi hyacinths wamkulu ang'onoang'ono miphika, kotero inu mukuona anyezi
zambiri anakweza kwambiri pamwamba pa nthaka, mothandizidwa ndi rootlets
yooneka ngati anawonjezera pa iwo. Ngakhale ndi kanjedza anaona peculiarity
kukula. Mu Martynezia caryotaefolia HBK thunthu nthawi zina 2 kukwezedwa
mapazi pamwamba pa nthaka ndipo umakhala pa abutting rootlets monga pa
zogwiriziza. yemweyo Tingaone pa Iriartea exorhiza ndi I. ventricosa
Mart ". (Treviranus, Phys. II. 157.) Izi zochitika zimadalira mizu pamene iwo
adzikonzenso Pofunafuna, kudzaonana chopinga, ndi kuukitsa mbewu
thandizo. Sakhoza kuona zitsanzo zimenezi kuti ophatikizana mphamvu za muzu
kukula mokwanira, lonse zomera kulimbikitsa.
"Pamene ntchito monga thandizo ndi vertically anatambasula chingwe, kotero ndi
creepers amene tsinde si woonda, mphamvu, molunjika malangizo za zingwe ndi
mavuto iwo khama pa iye ndi nestle muvi wake kusintha kuti monga tsinde looped
kuzungulira akugwiritsa malangizo a mwauzimu mzere. " (Mohl, About kupiringiza
ting'onoting'ono ta nthambi ya 113.)
Dassen kuika mwatsopano kudula nthambi za Faba vulgaris, Oxalis stricta,
Lupinus albus ndi Robinia viscosa madzulo 6 koloko mu madzi, kuti ena mwa
masamba (ukoma kugwa kwa zomera tulo anafuna) kwathunthu ndi kumbuyo nkhope
lankhosa pa chimodzimodzi. "Ndipo pomwepo anaoneka masamba kuchita khama
mphamvu zawo kuyamba nocturnal malangizo. Choncho, yomwenso mapepala a
yoyamba kuti kusiya pamwamba pa madzi, koma sanathe kuletsa kwathunthu.
Yachiwiri mtundu chimodzimodzi Handbook umene timapepala ta anagwa pa mbali.
mapepala a Chachitatu Mtundu sakanakhoza kulowa lotayirira m'madzi, koma

anakankhira poti anali Ufumuyo, mpaka pansi kuti zinali pafupifupi zofanana monga
kuwonjezera pa madzi. The yomaliza ya mitundu akanakhoza ndi timapepala ta
siyimasuntha chifukwa cha kulimbikira kwa madzi uko, koma atakwezedwa ndi
retroactivity wamba petiole chinachake mu mlengalenga. " Kudzera zina zatsopano
anapeza Dassen kuti aliyense wa timapepala ta wa Faba vulgaris 3 Gran mukhoza
kutenga oposa koyenera kuti kayendedwe kutseka pepala. (Wiegm. Chipilala. 1838. I.
218.)
Amadziwononga kunja kusintha, amene amaloamo mbewu yake kudzera kukula,
si monga osafunika monga zingaoneke ambiri. A mtengo akuwombera pa masika
Ntchito chikwi masamba pa nthawi yomweyo, aliyense kukula mosalekeza mphindi
iliyonse; Tsopano kusintha kwakukulu onse mu diso zimapangitsa zake mofanana
lalikulu yogawa ndithu noticeable chifukwa si pang'ono kwa mfundo iliyonse. Koma
lalikulu Uwerenge kusintha kwakung'ono ndi koma lonse kwambiri
mwamphamvu. Tayerekezani kuti mtengo zonse zinthu zimene iye amalandira, ndi
mphamvu zonse zimene anagawira kukula wonse, izo zokha konse ntchito,
hervorzutreiben mmodzi pepala pa nthawi; izi zingachitikire Journal, finge mzake
kwina kukula bwino. Kuti zikuoneka kuti ife kuli ngati umasinthasintha
athamangitsidwe, kupanga; koma chabe ofunda kusiyana pali mbewu, osati pa
mfundo, pa malo onse pa nthawi yomweyo amukomere ufulu, mphamvu ndi chuma
anawagawira zonse, osati nthawi iliyonse kuganizira malo makamaka.
Moyo wa anthu ndi nyama, opanda nthawi zonse kuti analimbikitsa mwatsopano
mwa latsopano chakunja, ndawala masewera a mosalekeza kusintha, zimene limodzi,
maso athu ndithu kudzipatula, koma bwino zotheka ndi mfundo, wosakhazikika
Games thupi njira makamaka ubongo akufotokoza. Ndikukumbukira mwachidule
chifukwa ndithu masewera ndi zina kuwonjezera, monga Komano kwa liveliness
limakula ndi izo. Koma izi wosakhazikika kunyamula masewera komanso masamba
okhazikika kusintha. Mzimu kudzilimbikitsa lokha kudzera mwa ntchito kwambiri,
bungwe lokha pang'onopang'ono bwino ndi watanthauzo, koma simungathandize
koma ndi nthawi yomweyo akuchita ake zamoyo zonse.Tiyenera kuyesetsa kumene
kachiwiri kwambiri ndi maganizo kuposa maso, titero, konse bwino masamba,
maluwa ndi thupi mu gulu la ubongo, monga wauzimu gulu amenewa abulusa; iwo
kupita zabwino kuti sangathe kuchita maikulosikopu; koma ngati matenda
kuwawononga iwo, kotero iwo anawonongedwa ndi cholengedwa wa dzikoli ndi
zauzimu masamba ndi maluwa.
Kodi tikuona tsopano, kupita kuno wathu wauzimu m'madera ambiri bwinobwino
pamaziko a wathu manyazi, amene ali m'bokosi thupi m'madera koma khalidwe
labwino kwambiri zobisika za shutter patsogolo zathu mphamvu pamaso pake kuti ife
tikuziwona adzagonjetsa pa zomera mu uzimu m'madera ife ambiri chobisika,
pamaziko a mawu a yathu yozindikira naye, kupita mu thupi koma kwambiri poyera
pamaso pake. Zomera akufotokozera thupi kapangidwe ndondomeko, kukhala naye
mosalekeza, zaufulu otaya maganizo anu moyo kumayenderana, kuwululidwa
momasuka patsogolo pathu, kufalikira iwo kuchotsa patsogolo pathu, masamba,
maluwa abulusa lotseguka kwa kunja, amene ubongo wathu mu akuvomereza
kwambiri anedrer mawonekedwe chobisika abulusa mkati. Iwo mumafanana

chikugwirizana ndi yotsirizira kuyendetsa zapamwamba zauzimu, ku kwambiri

chibadwidwe moyo ndondomeko; koma kwa mosalekeza Fort Ganges lokha onse ndi
chimodzimodzi. Ndipo ichi ndi choona cha kufunika. A moyo nthawi zonse
chinachake kuchita. Choncho si samathanso moyo wa zomera kugonjetsedwa
pastimes.
Tinganene chikhalidwe anagawira zoonekeratu mu mawu a moyo kayendedwe
pakati pa nyama ndi zomera ufumu okha osiyana. Anthu ndi nyama kubisala pakokha
lonse mwamsanga mthupi yosonyezera moyo wake kusuntha, koma zimasonyeza
mwamphamvu yolimbikitsa, munthu kayendedwe (mu miyendo ndipo nkhope)
m'tsinde kunja therefrom, amene tsopano njira zina tikambirana ife momveka
zizindikiro za maganizo ntchito. Zomera zimenezi anamwazikana, tikuyamba
m'tsinde mumtima kayendedwe kuphwera, koma kukhala nawo yothandizira chete
masewera padziko zambiri za mwachindunji mawu a moyo wawo moyo ndi
-Webens. Kusiyana ndi ili, zoona, ngati zonse zachilengedwe okha ndi. Izi siziyenera
aiwala.
Ndipotu, sadziwa ngakhale masamba ufumu ndi mofulumira ndi loonetsa
kayendedwe makamaka chifukwa kuno zimachitika (amene otsatirawa chigawo
mawu), osati kwathunthu.Koma ngakhale popanda mkwiyo amapezeka pa ena
zomera ndi zina, kayendedwe ndi Modzichotsera ufulu wosankha. Izi pakamutu
zikuphatikizapo ena kayendedwe wa maliseche a zomera, umene ife adzalankhula mu
11 zigawo, osiyanasiyana kayendedwe m'madera a m'munsi zomera zimene
kutchulidwa mu 12 ndime, ndi kayendedwe ka Hedysarum gyrans,amene mapeto a
angapo otsatira zowonjezera (p.127) Tikambirana.
About zomera kugona.
Pano pali chidwi ndi yofunika pa nkhani imeneyi. . Kuti mudziwe m mu mabuku a
chomera Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa, monga Mwachitsanzo Treviranus
II 750th; . Decandolle II 25 - makamaka tsatanetsatane ndi Dutch fakitale pafupifupi
Dassen, mu Ausz mu Wiegm .. Chipilala 1838. I. 214. 358. 159. II - .. cp Kuchokera
posachedwapa mapepala Comptes rendus Dutrochet 1843. 11. 989. ndi chisanu .. N.
mwadzidzidzi. palibe. 13 ndi 14 a loyamba. - Oipa mu Comptes rendus 1846. T.
XXIII, No. 12. (Osati Fror No. 13 a XL gulu ....) - Fritsch mu
Abhandl. Bhm. Gesellsch. of Sciences mu 1847. 5. yanthai. 4. Band.
The zochitika za otchedwa. Chipinda zambiri ogona kusinthidwa malo a tsamba
kapena duwa mbali kapena onse tsiku ndi usiku.
Chodabwitsa cha zimenezi kusinthidwa zimaonekera mu palibe makamaka
dongosolo kapena mtundu, kapena inayake pomanga chomera womangidwa, koma
akubwera ku kwambiri osiyanasiyana zomera, koma mabanja ena kuposa ena,
pamaso; mtundu wa zomera ndi chomera mbali koma zimachitika pano ina
udindo. Ambiri, munthu Mwina monga ulamuliro kuti mbali za zomera zotheka
mmbuyo, pakalibe kumvetsa zimene zinachitika, zomwe iwo anali mu Mphukira
boma, ndipo zimenezi amakhulupirira kuti bwino anapanga wamng'ono ndi zambiri
wosakhwima ndi tsamba; okalamba ndi coarser kusiyana usana ndi usiku
asapatsiridwe, ndi osatha ndi leathery amagwa kwathunthu.

Tulo wa masamba.
Ndi chofala kwambiri ndi kupanda zochitika a pano pa zomera ndi pawiri masamba
anabwera makamaka kwa kalasi ya nyemba ndi Oral maganizo kale. Nthawi imene
kusintha kwa tsiku imagwera mu nocturnal malangizo ndi mosemphanitsa, zochokera
kuwuka ndi kupita patsogolo kwa dzuwa ndi ambiri kwambiri okhudza ngati
kutsegula ndi kutseka kwa maluwa. Apa, afunika asataye kuti chomera, yomwe pa
nthawiyi inkagwiritsidwa zina nyengo mu chathu, kupitiriza zambiri kwa nthawi
kutsegula masamba ndi pafupi zimene anali amakonda kuchita izi mu dziko
lawo. Choncho, tikuona wathu greenhouses 6 madzulo koloko, pakati chilimwe, ena
zomera masamba kutseka, ngakhale ngakhale kuwala kapena kutentha anasintha
ndiye, pamene mmawa awo mwachizolowezi nthawi poyera ngakhale yozizira
chomwecho kachiwiri, ngakhale akadali kwathunthu mdima. Wathu kukonda dziko
zomera Komano zimadalira dzuwa. Basi popachika kusintha malangizo a mapepala
ndi thanzi la zomera pamodzi, makamaka ndi masamba okha; zolimba ndi mbewu,
m'pamenenso ka ndi wochepa amadalira kunja makhalidwe ikuchitikira tsiku
kayendedwe. Pamene m'dzinja masamba wakale, kotero kusintha kayendedwe,
kumva kwambiri, kapena kutaya kukhudza ndi kale. Makamaka izi imakhudzanso
zomera kuti imapachikidwa nthawi yozizira M'nyumba ndiye masamba zambiri alibe
kapena nkomwe noticeable kusiyana usana ndi usiku.Young masamba ndi pamaso
kwake kwathunthu chitukuko mu malangizo amene amaganiza yekha usiku pambuyo
pake. M'nthawi ya nthawi pambuyo chitukuko, amasonyeza zosiyanasiyana za gululi
Kumwambamwamba digiri, mwa rapidity kuyenda monga mwa wamkulu wangwiro
kuphedwa.
Udindo wa masamba akagona ankakonda, kotero kugona zovuta nyimbo kaya kuti
iwo ali m'mbuyo akuyandikira kwa yopingasa malo, monga kwambiri
zachilengedwe, tsonga, kapena (more kawirikawiri) tsinde, amene ankakwana onse
pa zomera zosiyanasiyana amakhala osiyanasiyana kalasi zimachitika. Zoyambazo
angapezeke kuti kusonyeza kwambiri paSida Abutilon, horteusis Oenothera
mollissima, Atriplex, Alsine TV ndi angapo Asklepiadeen, kuti wamng'ono digiri
pa Mandragora officinalis, Datura stramonium, Solanum melongena,
Amaranthus galu, Celosia cristata u, ndi -. Zimatengera yomalizayi ndiyo
pa hibiscus sabdariffa, Achyranthes aspera, Impatiens
noli tangere, ndi Triumfetta ndi anthu ena angapo. - Mwa zomera ndi pawiri masamba
ena tulo kuti masamba kuchokera zomenyanazo yaikulu petiole pindani
oposa (Lathyrus odoratus, Colutea arborescens, Hedysarum coronarium,
Vicia faba) kapena m'munsi ndi pindani pansi, kuti kaya Zodyera
kukhudza (Phaseolus theka erectus, Robinia pseudacacia, Abrus precatorius) kapena
kum'mwera masamba (onse Kassien). Pomaliza, komanso timapepala ta kupeza
kutalika waukulu petiole denga matailosi zooneka superimpose, ndipo izi zimachitika
kachiwiri, mwina patsogolo, moti pamwamba kumbuyo lamina pansi kutsogolo
pang'ono yokutidwa (lndica Tamarindus, Gleditschia triacanthos, angapo Mimosa),
kapena m'mbuyo, kuti timapepala ta mmbuyo unakhota motsutsana m'munsi mwa
petiole uliwonse kutsogolo ndiye anapita ndi pamwamba
kumbuyo (Tephrosia caribaea).

Malinga ndi zikuchokera masamba komanso pawiri kayendedwe

angayambe. Choncho pa pinnate masamba, ndi timapepala ta ndi wamba petiole, pa
awiri nthenga masamba ngakhale wapadera petioles kusuntha makamaka. Komatu
zitsanzo zochepa za mapepala amadziwika amene oposa kusuntha mbali.
Kayendedwe ka masamba ndi timapepala ta ambiri (Koma si onse ayi) zomera,
makamaka amene ndi pawiri masamba, ikuchitika ndi Makamaka okhudzidwa
waung'ono kutupa (tsamba pilo, pulvinus), womwe uli m'munsi mwa zimayambira
kapena mapesi. The kwambiri kuwonekera zatsopano ndi zimachititsa Dutrochet ndi
Dassen a za limagwirira wa amenewa Komabe, apeza kudzera zatsopano ndi Meyen
ndi Miquel chenicheni chitsimikiziro. (Wiegm. Chipilala. 1839. II. 88. Meyen,
Physiol. III. 538). Dassen ayesa watsimikiza (Wiegm. Chipilala. 1838,1. 223. 325),
kuti kayendedwe ka kusintha timadziti kuthamanga ndi mapangidwe mpweya woipa
mabwenzi.
Chinyezi anapereka zambiri nocturnal malangizo (Dassen). About chikoka kuwala
ndi kutentha osiyanasiyana zotani analandira malingana ndi mtundu, mwamphamvu
ndi nthawi ya kukhudzana kapena achire ndi chikhalidwe cha zomera. Nthawi
zambiri, kuyenda masamba sakuwoneka kulandira ndi chabe ndi njala kuwala tulo
boma; koma izo zinachitika zina.(Kuyesa za m. Mu Wiegm. Chipilala. 1888. I. 225.)
Anthu mwambo milandu kuti amphamvu dzuwa kutseka masamba analowa
(mu Robinia ndi Mimosa pudica ndi Sigwart, Reils Chipilala. XII. 33., pa Oxalis - ndi
Kakombo mitundu ndi Dassen, Wiegm Chipilala 1838. 216. II), amene amatchedwa
pang'ono pang'ono ....
Masamba ena zomera adakali makamaka tcheru ena nyengo, moti ananena kuti
Pogoda chizindikiro (s. M'munsimu Chipinda barometer). Kuchokera tilinazo
masamba ena motsutsana mawotchi ndi zina kuno, otsatirawa gawo.
Akugona maluwa.
An kusakhazikika maluwa, makamaka Scitamineae, maluwa, Labiatae,
Personaten, Papilionazeen popanda zizindikiro tulo kuti asanaponyedwe anati.
Nthawi zina maluwa, ogonawo akufotokoza okha chakuti iwo, pamene kuukitsidwa
pa tsiku, kubwerera usiku kaja kapena kuti dziko lapansi ndi kutsegula. (Euphorbia
platyphyllos, geranium striatum, ageratum conyzoides, Ranunculus polyanthemos,
Draba verna, Verbascum blattaria, Achyranthes lappacea, Thlaspi bursa pastoris,
Alyssum montanum, Monarda punctata, Heracleum absinthifolium, makamaka mawu
achipongwe Tussilago farfara.) Izi lakuya sayendera tsopano slackening; chifukwa
ankafuna kuukitsa kueramitsa zimayambira, kotero iwo mwamsanga kachiwiri,
ngati iwo anali mu tensioned boma. - Nthawi zambiri maluwa tulo limasonyeza
chakuti poyera masiku maluwa pafupi kapena kuphatikiza usiku;kudzali ochepa
maluwa kumene maluwa tsinde ndi kuweramira kutsekedwa wa maluwa kugwirizana
amapezeka (as Nymphaea alba ndi Tussilago farfara), Ray maluwa tulo kuti mtanda
chammbuyo mwina duwa zimayambira likuyandikira (wamba camomile, chamomile
pakati ena a mitundu Anthemis ndi Matricaria), kapena kuti m'mbali mwa mtanda
pamwamba mkati anagubuduza (Gorteria pavonia). Zitsamba zina ndi uko, kumene
kutsekera kapena kupiringiza pamakhala m'malo usiku m'malo n'zosiyana

chikuchitika mu kuwala kuwala, ndipo madzulo kafalitsidwe kumachitika (mitundu

ya mirabilis, wa Silene ndi Cucubalus, makamaka lalikulu-flowered kuchokera
yotsirizira awiri). The rarest zili kuti dziko lonse m'mphepete mwa corolla ndi
lopiringizika, ngati kuti lopuwala, kuti Mukaona duwa mu akudzuka boma,
simuyenera kuzisunga izo chimodzimodzi (Commelina coelestis, mirabilis
jalappa ndi longiflora Oenothera tetraptera ena).
Ena maluwa anasonyeza awo kutsegula ndi kutseka, makamaka mumlengalenga,
makhalidwe kwambiri ndi amadalira ndipo anati palibe kwathunthu amodzi nthawi
kuyenda.Linnaeus, amene ankaphunzira zomera kugona, iye wotchedwa meteoric (s.
Chipinda m'munsimu barometer). Andre lotseguka m'mawa ndi madzulo
pafupi; koma nthawi yake chotupitsa ndi kutseka zimakhala ndi waxing ndi
Ukuchepa Mphamvu ya tsiku. Chotero iye wotchedwa otentha. Enanso potsiriza
poyera ndi nthawizonse pafupi zina zosasintha zina.Ananena quinoktialblumen
ndipo anawabweretsa monga momwe iye anali kuona luso iwo yekha, mu tebulo,
umene (wake zamaluwa koloko florae Horologium) anakhazikitsa (s.
M'munsimu). Poyerekeza ndi maziko ake kuti Upsala kuzipenya amene Decandolle
ganyu pa nambala ya zomera ndi masitepe ku Paris, munthu amaona kuti Aquinoktial
mbewu zimenezi. B. nudicaule Papaver, Nymphaea alba, Mesembryanthemum
barbatum, Anagallis arvensis ku Paris yomweyo monga Upsala maluwa
anatsegula. Mofananamo, R. Pulteney linatsimikizidwa yemweyo kupatula ochepa
kusiyana zisadzachitikenso wa Linnaean kuzipenya mu England. Ngakhale hothouse,
kumene nthawi yomweyo mlingo anakhalabe ndi kutentha, ndipo ngakhale aja
atsekedwa, lotseguka ndi kutseka quinok-tialblumen kwa nthawi wamba.
Flower koloko.
Pakuti mayiko kukafola ndi Flower Wotchi anapanga maganizo kuti kutumikira
zomera anakonza pa Kreisbeet, itatha nthawi ya kutsegula ndi kuwombera wa
maluwa kudzala (ndi khomo kumpoto). Apa zofunika (Reichenbach); kusakayika,
osati maola azisunga mpaka akawerenge.
I. zomera amene maluwa lotseguka m'mawa: Kuyambira 3-5 koloko Tragopogon
pratense L. - Kuchokera 4-5 koloko Thrincia tuberosa DC (Leontod mphika
L ...); Helminthia echioides Gaertn. (Picris echioides L.); Cichorium intybus
L.; Hemerocallis fulva L.; Crepis tectorum L. - Kuchokera 4-6 koloko Picridium
tingitanum atumi- ki. (Scorz tingit L ...) -Kuchokera 5-6 koloko Sonchus oleraceus
L.; Leontodon Taraxacum L.; Barkhausia alpina Mnch. (Crepis alpina
L.); Tragopogon crocifolium L.; Rhagodiolus edulis Gaertn. (Lapsana rhagod
Scop ..); Convolvulus sepium L. - Pambuyo 6 koloko Hieracium sabaudum
L.; Hierac. umbellatum L. - Kuchokera 6-7 koloko Hierac. murorum L.; Barkhausia
rubra (s Crepis rubra Hostia Mnch ..); Sonchus arvensis L.; Sonchus palustris L.
- Kuchokera 6-8 koloko Alyssum sinuatum L.; Leontodon autumnaiis L. - Pambuyo 7
koloko Lactuca sativa L.;Nymphaea alba L.; Anthericum ramosum L. - Kuchokera 78 koloko Geracium praemorsum Schrbr. (Hierac praem L ...); Sonchus alpinus
L.; Hypochaeris maculata L.; Hedypnois rhagodioloides W. (Hyoseris hedypn
L ..); Mesembryanthemum barbatum L. - Pambuyo 8 koloko Hieracium piloaella

L.; Anagallis arvensis L.; Dianthus proliferating L.; Hypochaeris glabra L.

- Kuchokera 9-10 koloko Calendula arvensis L.; Portulaca oleracea L. (Patatha 11
koloko.) Kuchokera 9-12 koloko Drosera rotundifolia L. - Pambuyo 10
koloko Alsine rubra Whlnb. (Arenaria rubra L.); Mesembr. Crystall. L. - Kuchokera
10-11 koloko Mesembr. linguiforme L.; Papaver nudicaule L. (Pambuyo wina 4-5
koloko); Hemerocallis flava L.; Hemerocallis fulva L. - Pambuyo 11
koloko Ornithogalum umbellatum L.; Calendula chrysanthemifolia Vnt. - Kuchokera
11-12 koloko Tigridia pavonia atumi- ki. (Ferraria tigr.).
. II zomera amene maluwa lotseguka madzulo: Pa 5 koloko mirabilis Jalapa
L.; Pelargonium triste ait, - Kuchokera 6-7 Wotchi Cereus grandiflorus Mill
-. Kuyambira 7-8 kolokoMesembr. noctiflorum L. (Pambuyo wina 10-11 koloko.)
III. Chipinda amene maluwa pafupi m'mawa: Pa 8 koloko Leontodon Taraxacum
L. - Pa 10 koloko Picridium tingitanum L.; Lactuca sativa L. - Kuchokera 10-12
koloko Cichorium intybus L.; Sonchus arvensis L. - Pambuyo 11 koloko Tragopogon
crocifolium L. - Kuchokera 11-12 koloko Sonchus oleraceus L. - Pambuyo 12
koloko Sonchus alpmus L.
. IV zomera amene Maluwa Masana ndi madzulo monga: Kuyambira 1-2
koloko Hierac. umbellat. L.; Barkhausia rubra Dec. - Pambuyo 2 koloko Helminthia
echioides L.; Hierac.murorum L.; Hypochaeris maculata L.; Geracium praemorsum
Schrbr. - Kuchokera 2-3 koloko Alsine rubra Whlnb. - Pambuyo 3 koloko Thrincia
tuberosa DC; Anagallis arvens. L.;Calendula arvens. L.; Calend. chrysanthemifolia
potulukira. - Kuchokera 3-4 koloko Anthericum ramosum L. - Pambuyo 4
koloko Alyssum sinuatum L.; Nymphaea alba L. - Pambuyo 5 koloko Hieracium
sabaudum L, - pambuyo 7 koloko Leontodon autumnalis L. - Kuchokera 7-8
koloko Papaver nudicaule L. - Pa 12 koloko (usiku). Cereus grandiflorus
Mill(Reichenbach, zomera koloko Leipzig. , Voigt ndi Fernau 1846.)
Chipinda barometer.
Mvula chikuyembekezeka pamene hibiscus trionum L. sanatsegule; pamene
chalices wa Carlina acaulis L. kutseka; ngati Porliera hygrometrica L., Oxalis
acetosella L. ndipo pindani ina mitundu za mtundu wawo (gulu) masamba; clover
m'mwamba anauza tsinde; Lapsana communis L. maluwa usiku silikutsekeka, Draba
verna L., Ranunculus polyanthemosL. masamba suopa Anastatica
hierochuntica L. nthambi kufalitsa; Ranunculus repens L ,. Caltha
palustris L. masamba zimayendera limodzi; amanunkha birches amphamvu; ndi
Konferven ikukhudzana bwanji ndi wobiriwira khungu; mu mthunzi zouma, sewn ndi
nsalu maluwa Asperula odorata L kupereka amphamvu fungo la palokha ;. Galium
verum L.inflates komanso ali wamphamvu kununkhiza; ndi zimayambira wa
makapisozi a Funaria hygrometrica Schreb imene ndi louma, mmbuyo ndipo
chilonda hergebogen, kusintha ndi Tambasula (makamaka pamene makapisozi ali
anadzikhuthula). - Stellaria TV. Katsabola umalimbana bwino pogoda mmawa pa 9
koloko maluwa mu mlengalenga, masamba akukwaniritsidwa ndipo akhala maso
mpaka usana; pa kubwere mvula ndi nyengo zimenezi sizikuchitika; mbewu ndiye
wopachikidwa pansi ndi maluwa kukhala kutsekedwa. -Calendula

pluvialis chikuyamba 6-7 koloko m'mawa ndipo nthawi zambiri adazolowera 4

koloko masana kukhala maso. Ngati zimenezi zachitika, kuyembekezera pa
kugonjetsedwa nyengo, koma ali m'tulo pambuyo 7 koloko m'mawa mpaka pano,
monga chikuyembekezeka mvula dzuwa lisanalowe. Mitundu ina ya
mtundu Sonchus bwanji chifukwa tsiku lotsatira la Mzimba pamene maluwa mutu
atseka usiku, mvula, pamene icho chikukhala lotseguka. - Pimpinella saxifraga
L. khalidwe imeneyi monga Stellaria TV katsabola. - Anemone ranunculoides
L ikayasamula maluwa mvula nyengo ;. Anemone nemorosa L. kumathandiza
mitambo nyengo maluwa nodding bwino nyengo owongoka - aonekera mtundu wa
magetsi Ellern kuposa masiku, kotero ozizira ndi chisanu ndi woyenera
kuopedwa; Onani Mosiyana mdima, kotero akulowa thawing mphepo. (Reichenbach,
zomera koloko, patsamba 12.) PaRobinia pseudacacia, ena Lupinus mitundu, Mimosa
dealbata ndi Caesalpinia pulcherrima wina waona kutsekera maluwa
namondwe. (Dassen.)
Kayendedwe ka Hedysarum gyrans.
The Hedysarum gyrans (Desmodium gyrans) amene kayendedwe ine makamaka
pansi Treviranus Physiol. . II 765. pofotokoza, ndi yaing'ono chitsamba chilichonse
ndi gedreiten masamba; kudwala leaflet ndi stalked ndi chowulungika, koma otsutsa
lateral timapepala ta liniya kapena lanceolate, pafupifupi sessile ndipo nthawi zambiri
zosakwana kudwala leaflet. Only tsamba lino timapepala ta kusonyeza chidwi
kayendedwe, pamene kudwala leaflet chabe limasonyeza wamba kayendedwe ka
otchedwa kugona ndi m'maa. Iwo kumaonekera gululi wa lateral timapepala ta mu
pafupifupi mosalekeza alternating kukwera ndi kutsitsa yemweyo, ndipo anthu
tikuyamba vonstatten kwambiri, mpweya wochepa ndi zolimba mbewu; Choncho
linasokonekera pa nyengo yozizira kwambiri; koma chimakhala china mu mthunzi
monga kuwala, usana ndi usiku, ngakhale hothouse yozizira akupitiriza.Ngati inu
kuthira madzi ozizira pa nthambi za chomera, kotero kayendedwe mabasi yomweyo,
koma angakhale ndi madzi ofunda nthunzi yomweyo kubwezeretsa. Mbewu ngati
ziwalo, koma atadzia lachikondi kunyumba wamba kutentha. Kuika chomera 2
kapena 3 hours mu mdima, chifukwa (monga Humboldt) ndi mathamangitsidwe la
gululo pamene kenako kachiwiri timakumana ndi kuwala. Ngati kudwala leaflet
anasamukira ndi mphepo, kotero kumvera kayendedwe wa lateral
masamba. Mawotchi kuno, EDM, maginito, kosakhazikika mizimu, ndi kutsuka kwa
timapepala ta mafuta, ndi ligation ndi kudula phesi alibe chikoka pa gulu. Ambiri
Chenjerani ndi Broussonnet pa nthawi ya umuna. The Mokweza wa timapepala ta
msanga kuposa atsikira ndandanda; koma pa zonse kayendedwe si yunifolomu, koma
nthawi zina kugwiritsabe chinachake ndiyeno atuluka, monga inapita patsogolo ndi
mantha kwa mphindi zochepa mokulirapo pa. Ambiri ngati kuti akukwera ndi leaflet,
amachepetsa otsutsa, koma zimenezi si choncho nthawi zonse ndipo nthawi zambiri
palibe kugwirizana pakati pa awiri kayendedwe, kotero kuti ena angathe ndi leaflet,
pamene winayo maulendo. Kayendedwe sadalira umphumphu wa chomera; chifukwa
ngakhale waukulu petiole abgelset mng'oma, ngakhale masamba a kumtunda
Kadulidwa kutali, icho akhala kanthawi ndipo akutitsimikizira kuti timapepala ta
akadali kusuntha, ngati chili ndi chogwiriracho ndi nsonga ya singano. (Mirbel.)

Mpfundo chida la gululo lili mu kutupa kwa phesi, amene lateral timapepala ta
zogona pa waukulu zimayambira.
The Hedysarum gyrans akuoneka Komanso kuti kuima wekha ndi kulemekeza
kuyenda. Mirbel anaona kuti pamene masamba a Hedysarum vespertilionis, m'malo
mokhala, mwachizolowezi, zigwirizana atatu timapepala ta, amene sanali
kawirikawiri, awiri lateral timapepala ta ofanana kayendedwe, koma zopanda malire
ofooka kuposa Hed. gyrans nacho;Komabe Hedysarum
cuspidatum W. ndi H. laevigatum Nutt. ndi H. gyroides Zikuoneka kuti chichitike
chinachake chonga.
Kuwonjezera pa zaufulu popanda kusokonezedwa ndi kuwala, kayendedwe
kubwera kwa Hedy. gyrans komanso ku zochita za kuwala amadalira kayendedwe
kale, koma musati bwanji lateral timapepala ta, koma waukulu zimayambira ndi
waukulu masamba ndi yapita si kukugwirizana. Gululi ali woongoka pa kuwala ndi
mu akumira pansi mu mdima. Izi mu mafupa, umene ndi pepala chikugwirizana ndi
tsinde ndi nthambi. Tilinazo za zomera ku kuwala kwakukulu moti pambuyo
Hufeland kuzipenya kale kunyezimira kwa dzuwa kuchokera pafupifupi 20 masitepe
kutali khoma lolimba erection, monga likhale dzuwa ndi opaque thupi ndi m'kupita
pamaso pa Sun Mtambo ndi akumira pansi masamba anachititsa.Nthawi zonse
masana dzuwa ndi imene anaikira dzuwa kupyolera kusonyeza galasi Hufeland
anaona tremulous kuyenda kwa waukulu masamba ndi chomera lonse. (Ndiponso
Dassen akuti amadziwika chilichonse chomera amene masamba kotero pasanapite
kuyatsa monga Hed gyrans. Ndipo gyroides.) The mweziwo, yokumba kuwala,
mankhwala ndi makina kuno analibe mphamvu pa gululi; koma layamba chifukwa
magetsi Sparks ndi kutsitsa masamba.

IX. Wokondeka kayendedwe ka zomera.

Man kukhudza stamen wa Berberis pachimake (barberry, Berberis vulg L. Pa mbali
zinayang'ana munsi pansi ndi singano kapena zina zotero.); Kabodzi kene iye
anawona nsonga motsutsana mofulumira kuyenda motsutsana ndi munsi kuti,
n'kubwerera palokha woyamba udindo patapita nthawi.
Man kuno Chrixitu gaping lobes cha manyazi (a mapeto a munsi) a Martynia
annua kapena Bignonia radicans kapena mitundu ina
ya Gratiola kapena Mimulus (z. B. glutinosus,aurantiacus, guttatus) kumbali
yam'kati ndi singano, yomalizira, kapena tiyeni kugwa dontho la madzi pa izo; kotero
mosavuta akulowa chilonda nakatsegula Patapita nthawi palokha.
Inu kukhudza anapanga kwa coalescence wa pistil ndi stamens zachilengedwe
kunsi yomwenso Genitaliensule
wa Stylidium graminifolium, adnatum kapena corymbosum. Pang'ono kukhudza izo
amatambasula mmunsi wa kupindika kwa molunjika ndi kudya-yodziwika ndi
kuchuluka pafupifupi pa mbali ina, umene iye pang'onopang'ono umabwerera kwa
kale udindo.
Inu kukhudza feathery tsamba la chothandiza chomera (Mimosa pudica) ndi
unakhuthala tsinde mapeto, kapena agwedeza tsamba (kapena lonse

chomera); kudzakhala kugonjera masamba ake palimodzi kamodzi ndipo

zimakupangitsani yekha chammbuyo motsutsa tsinde, (A tcheru tcheru chomera
anayandikira ndi kugwedera a dziko lapansi ndi kudutsa kavalo-wokwera masamba
monga mantha pamodzi.) Pang'onopang'ono akubwerera pano zachilengedwe zinthu
palokha mmbuyo.
Pali zitsanzo zina monga (a lomwe kenako); pakuti tsopano wokwanira.
Amene akhoza kutenga akhakula kufanana ndi nyama, moyo wa zomera, zimenezi,
nyama mofanana kwambiri, kukwiya kayendedwe nthawizonse kuonekera kwa
besonderm kulemera. Ngakhale kungotengeka kufanizira iwo angatanthauze
zotengeka. Tangoganizani. Wathu mbali kulemera za fanizo zimene ayenera
kwambiri ambiri tiganizira kwa ife, kutali mmbuyo ndi kupereka otsutsa kuti iwo
akanakhoza kutsimikizira lokha pang'ono kapena kanthu Tiyeni koma, kamodzi inu
sindikufuna moyo zomera, ntchito mitundu yonse ya mawotchi modes Pofotokoza pa
kuyenda, monga ndithudi zabwino pa analogi kunachitika nyama, kapena kuwapanga
iwo amadalira munthu, titero akufa umoyo, njira yokha chabe akufa mfundo
ali. Chofunika, chotero nzothandiza chimachititsanso kudutsa yokha kuchotserapo
mu mbewu ufumu; ndi moyo akuyenera kukhala osati zosiyana mu ufumu ife. Koma
pamafunika osati payekha zifukwa mbewu moyo, koma anaika nkhani; ndipo pamene
kwambiri ambiri tiganizira zimenezi mwina tiyeni kuoneka, kotero ndiye
angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa pang'ono woonekeratu mfundo loti thandizo. Kotero, ine
ndikutanthauza, izo khalidwe ndi anthu nzothandiza kayendedwe ka zomera.
Monga Gauls wakale senators anaona msika azikhala pansi pa mipando yawo pa
awo nkhondo ya Rome (. Liv V. 41.), ankaoneka chimodzimodzi komanso kuti palibe
zamoyozo;kotero chete iwo anakhala; ndi Papirius anamva pa ndevu, chifukwa
anakantha ndi ndodo pambuyo pake. Chabwino ankakayikira kenanso
Gauls. Choncho, si licet magnis componereparva, ziriri ndi zomera. Ulibe kanthu
kwenikweni zofunikira khalidwe la makanema ojambula, atangokhala akugwiritsabe
ife zokayikitsa. Koma ngati ife kubudula mmodzi kapena mbola, ndipo iye
imakankha kuchoka mwadzidzidzi, choncho tiyenera kukopa bwino kwathunthu.
No ukugunda aliyense wa, kotero tsopano tili kukumbukira kuti, ngakhale pamene
izo zikuchitika, izo ziri kale kwambiri kwenikweni, pamene ife kuitanitsa. Nthawi
zambiri, zomera sayenera okonzeka kugawana maganizo awo kuyambitsa
kayendedwe; iwo amaona moyo ndi kumverera kuno mu phokoso chikhalidwe ndi
momwe iwo ankachita kukula, awo mtundu, chuma chawo mawonekedwe pambuyo
zimene adziwe zambiri zotichenjeza, ndipo adzadziwa kuti kwambiri. Koma
chirengedwe ali ndi ndondomeko ya zimene akufuna zuerteilen nyama ndi zomera,
komanso anawoloka ndikatha ambiri kulemekeza konse kusunga pambali waukulu,
azolowere ndiponso osafuna kudzatunga okhwima malire, umene ife Patapita (XII)
adzadzipereka ambiri zitsanzo zina; ndipo tikupeza kwenikweni basi chikalata
zambiri choncho, ngati mbewu zina khalidwe kwa kumverera kuno. Zodabwitsa
ndizakuti, kuyenda kupereka zabwino kwambiri kutsimikizira kwa m'mbuyomo
ndemanga kuti chomera sanafune misempha kuti ambiri, kuphatikizapo nyama
anafunikira. Chifukwa Ndipotu, mitsempha ndi ofunika komanso zofunikira zonse

nzothandiza nyama kayendedwe mu Games. Koma Chomera chimafuna mitsempha

kuti ndikaonekere zoyenda, zidzachitikanso popanda chimodzimodzi kukwiya
zotengeka. - Kotero kuyenda ndi m'njira zambiri komano ofunika.
Inde, kunena kuti, kuyenda popanda misempha, monga kupita popanda minofu,
ufulu umboni basi bwino kuti Choncho ngati zimenezi, ngakhale anthu kuti
kutanthauziridwa pa kukumbukira nzothandiza kayendedwe ka nyama zosiyana
kwambiri zachilengedwe, munthu , Ndipo ndithudi onse ndi osiyana kwambiri
pankhani ya njira yomwe iwo anabwera.Koma kodi ine kubwereza zimene ndanena
kukambirana funso misempha chikhalidwe amakonda tikwaniritse zolinga analogous
m'njira zosiyanasiyana? Ngati koma ngakhale nzothandiza kayendedwe tizilombo
ting'onoting'ono popanda zimadziika kulikonse minofu ndi misempha; Koma kodi
pali kanthu kotere mwa iwo, ndi koma zimene amapezeka apamwamba nyama
zambiri mu nzothandiza kayendedwe, wosiyana kwambiri (onani mkuyu. Siebold,
ndalama. Anat. I.31). Last mitsempha adakali anapanga okha ku maselo monga
mabungwe amene mukugwira nawo mu irritability zomera poyamba. Choncho
zosiyana si ngakhale njira.
Kodi tiyenera kwambiri kuposa comparability wa njira ndi kuti masamba
nzothandiza kayendedwe Mulimonsemo kusonyeza zonse zofunika yofunika
makhalidwe a nyama. Ndiye nthawi kufanizira, ndi chimene aliyense ayenera ntchito
pano, ngati ali kumva chikugwirizana ndi kugwira nyama kayendedwe,
kuphatikizapo zakuti-analogi chomera mitbeweisen.Tiyeni tione mgwirizano
umenewu pang'ono tsopano.
1) A wapadera peculiarity nyama irritability ndi kuti analankhula ndi chakunja
zosiyanasiyana za ngati zomwezi. A makina chimachititsa ngakhale pamene abuts,
koma pamene izo yoyaka, dabbed ndi sulfuric acid, anawonjezera iye magetsi
mantha; Komano twitches mmodzi wa nyama za mmene nzothandiza einwirke
kwalembedwa; ndi chamawonedwe mitsempha amaona kuwala, ngati weniweni
kuwala kwa ntchito kapena nkhonya kuti zichitidwe mu diso. Choncho ndi
Pflanzenreizbarkeit. A tcheru mbewu chifukwa mawotchi kudziwa malo, kuyaka
zikutanthauza moto, mankhwala kuno a mitundu yonse, magetsi Sparks,
mwadzidzidzi mwayi zonse dzuwa pambuyo zuvorigem kukhala mu semidarkness,
mofulumira kusintha kwa kutentha kuposa kuzizira, mwadzidzidzi Amalola ufulu
mpweya pambuyo yaitali kutsekedwa zinachititsa kuti yemweyo kayendedwe, kokha
kuti kulephera malinga ndi mphamvu ya nzothandiza ndi tilinazo mbewu kwambiri
kapena ofooka, ndi zambiri kapena zochepa kutalikitsa kwambiri. Mofanana ndi zina
kukwiya zomera (s. M'munsimu).
2) A olimba mgwirizano pa akafuna kanthu ndi chimodzimodzi mphamvu
zithumwa inu ndithu pakati pa zomera ndi nyama sangathe ayenera chifukwa kuti
kale zimachitika nyama ngakhale kusiyana imeneyi. Koma zitsanzo za watanthauzo
tsankho kugwilizana si akusowa. Chikutanthauza zikuoneka kwambiri kuti
galvanism, zimenezi achilendo moyo nzothandiza makamaka nyama, chimodzimodzi
udindo akhoza kuimba (ngakhale kulemekeza osiyana zotsatira za onse mizati)
ngakhale ndi kukwiya zomera, ndi kuti kwambiri magetsi mantha anthu awiri onsewa

irritability kuwononga.
The mkwiyo wa mbewu ndi galvanism Kunena zoona m'mbuyo chifukwa osauka
madutsidwe wa mbewu; Choncho, ndi losavuta unyolo kuchita kanthu; ndipo
ngakhale pa nkhani ya zipilala zotsatira kutsutsa amatsata; koma M'madzi wasonyeza
(Gilbert Ann XLI 392nd.), ngati kuyesera Berberis bwino bwinobwino ndipo ndi
wangwiro kukanidwa zonse mawotchi nzothandiza, monga chonchi: Inu mutenge
Berberisblume ndi plugged awo tsinde singano ku HIV mzati wa mzati pafupifupi 40
awiriawiri molumikizana kapena iye akupereka ndi zimayambira mu kapu ya madzi,
imene wopachikidwa pansi waya ku HIV mizati ya mulu, ndiyeno amakankhira pa
petal wa mkwiyo poyera stamen chidutswa cha yonyowa pokonza pepala lomwe,
ngati mmodzi yekha aliyense mantha ndi anzawo amapewa chirichonse akhala
tidakali chete. Ndiye inu mukumuika pa mapepala waya wa zoipa mzati
mofewa.Okonzeka tsopano skips ndi lolingana stamen kuti pistil pa nthawi zambiri
komanso oyandikana filaments imodzi kapena yotsatira mphindi
zingapo. Mwachindunji kuwala zowawa za chapamwamba mapeto a maluwa yachepa
ndi zoipa Poldrahte (pansi pa mapeto a unyolo) popanda mkhalapakati wa pepala ali
yemweyo bwino kukwiya stamens; kupatula nthawi zonse ndi bwino pamene padziko
maluwa pepalalo anakhudza mwachindunji. Ngakhale oyamba a maluwa ndi chilonda
ndi tsinde mu unyolo zambiri kanthu. A n'zosiyana ntchito zake, kutanthauza kumene
zoipa kwambiri tsinde, zabwino kwa petal sichidziwika ogwira; ngati ndiye, nthawi
zina pambuyo kutsekera kwa unyolo kugwiritsa maluwa amene kale anaukira ndi
mayesero kapena ataima kwa nthai yaitali wa zimayambira mu madzi kayendedwe,
kapena angapo zina kwina, kapena amapezeka komanso mwina yekha mphindi
zingapo pambuyo pa kutsekedwa. Izi limafanana uthenga kutali nyama
Muskelreizbarkeit, komanso mwachizolowezi irritability kuti achule 'miyendo
zimanjenjemeretsa omveka bwino ndi wokhalitsa, ngati zoipa zitsulo pa kusuntha
mbali zabwino kupezeka pa mitsempha. A zoyenda pa kulekana kwa unyolo
N'kuthekanso analogous kwa chule miyendo, osati kuchitika.Anali Berberisblume
mwatsopano anatola, bola osati anaukira ndi mobwerezabwereza kukondoweza,
kotero electrically analimbikitsa stamens anafunika okha 2 2 1/2 min., Kuchotsa
munsi mobwerezabwereza kuti sachedwa kukwiya.
Kuwonongedwa kwa mbewu irritability ndi wamphamvu magetsi mantha kwa
Humboldt stamens wa Berberis anati (Mkonzi. Ug M. u. N. II. 195.), ndipo M'madzi
chimodzimodzi Mphamvu ya madzi ndi mowa amodzi amaona irritability pa chule
miyendo. The amangovutika zotsatira za chomwa mankhwalawa ziphe muyenera ndi
zina zatsopano (mwachitsanzo kuchokera Miquel ndi Dassen pa Mimosa .. Mu May
1839. Osati Fror 207 ;. Wiegm Chipilala 1838. II 358; ... Of munda kwa Mimulus, etc
..) chifukwa chosankha kumugwira, koma zoyesayesa Gppert (... mu Pogg Ann
khumi ndi chinayi) akuoneka kuti lankhulani mosazengereza motsutsa izo; ngakhale
ali ochepa mphamvu pa Mimosa added. Ndithudi pambuyo zoyesayesa Marcet,
alenje, Gppert, Dassen kuti zomera akuphedwa ndi cyanide, Arsenic, Mercury,
camphor, etc. (ntchito kusamvana kapena nthunzi mawonekedwe pa
verschiedentliche njira). (Yerekezerani Treviranus, Physiol II 724; ... Bouchardat
Zimene makamaka pamene pakati ena lalikulu harmfulness onse Mercury mankhwala

kukuonetsedwa ngakhale pang'ono chabe kuchuluka mu Comptes rendus m 1843. 11

tsa 112 ....)
3) An sanamve nyama mbali inayi ndi kuchotsa a nzothandiza pang'onopang'ono
palokha ngati kale boma kumbuyo, koma pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi mkwiyo
amapezeka.Choncho anamaliza ndi oyisitara anakwiyitsa awo zipolopolo
mwamsanga, koma chimayamba chokha pang'onopang'ono; zobiriwira polyp shrinks
sanamve mwamsanga, koma chimafikira yekha pang'onopang'ono. Yemweyo
angapezeke, ndipo ndithu zonse, zonse nzothandiza kayendedwe ka zomera. The
mofulumira kusuntha mbali kutembenukira palokha, koma kuli pang'onopang'ono,
mwa iye kale malo kumbuyo pamene patsogolo kwa gulu chinachitika.
4) nyama, irritability ndi zambiri kapena kulimbikira mkwiyo khungu kapena
wotopa, yotentha ndi mtendere kachiwiri, ngati mkwiyo sichinayambe
akukokomeza. Momwemonso, onse kukwiya zomera. Ngakhale zochitika za
habituation kuti kuno wakhala pa Mimosa yapakati alia anati.
A Berberisstaubfaden ndi pafupifupi 5 mpaka 8 Mphindi, jenda ndime
ya Stylidium 12 mpaka 15 pasiti mkwiyo kachiwiri kukwiya; ndi mobwerezabwereza
kukondoweza koma irritability si atatopa. Ngakhale ndi chothandiza chomera,
kayendedwe ndi pang'onopang'ono ndi chosakwanira, m'pamenenso zambiri
pambuyo amenewa anali yemweyo wodzipangitsa.
Kodi kutanthauziridwa monga habituation, akuoneka ngati awa: Desfontaines
anamuona chothandiza chomera, amene anagwira naye mu galimoto kuti poyamba
anatseka ndi kugwedera, koma potsiriza anakhalabe ngakhale kuti anapitiriza
kayendedwe ka galimoto, lotseguka; ngati kuti amakonda. Pambuyo pa galimoto
umachitika kwa kanthawi, ndipo tsopano anabwerera, masamba chatsekedwa
kachiwiri ndipo kenako pa kuthamanga kachiwiri. Dassen mobwerezabwereza izi ndi
chothandiza chomera 3/4 anabweretsa maola mu akugwedeza zoyenda, mmene
masamba anatseka, koma pambuyo 1/2 ora, kuuweruza. Nditamaliza zimenezo,
masamba anali ima wabwino ora. Zonse mwadzidzidzi aliyense anayamba mapepala
kuchepetsa pa Seraya, ndipo pamene iye anaweramuka kachiwiri, irritability
zinalengedwa mwa iwo kachiwiri. Mu Dionaea muscipula izi chizolowezi
sizimawoneka kuti, monga lobes osati adzatseguka malinga ngati otsekerezedwawo
tizilombo akhala pakati. Morren anamuona cholembera cha kukwiya Goldfussia
anisophylla kuti m'modzi (25 R.) mu ozizira chipinda anabweretsa zomera ku
lachikondi hothouse (+ 2 10 R.), anawonjezera chihema ankaoneka irritability
osaonekanso, pambuyo 12 mpaka 48 hours Komabe, zomera anakhala choncho
amakonda kachisisira kukhala panopo yemweyo irritability monga kutentha.
5) The mlingo wa irritability nyama kumadalira mwina pa boma la matenda
yemweyo kuti popanda ena mantha matenda) ndi chimodzimodzi Lebenskrftigkeit
ukuwonjezeka (mwina zaka, amuna kapena akazi ubale, nyengo, nyengo ndi,
yapakati alia, kunja mavuto angathe kutipotoza izo. Ndipo kachiwiri monga kukwiya
zomera.
Hegel (Philosophy ya Nature tsa 480) limati nzothandiza kayendedwe ka zomera

alibe kuloza kwa kumverera: "The externality wa zimayambitsa irritability koma

kutsimikizira makamaka kuzipenya wa Medicus kuti zingapo zomera colder climes
madzulo ndipo unakhala wotentha drier nyengo osati Koma m'mawa pambuyo
katundu mame, ndi tsiku lonse kwambiri kukwiya pamene mokoma mvula; kuti
zophuka wa otentha nyengo awo kufotokoza irritability mwa buluu; ndipo zonse
zomera ali kwambiri kukwiya pamene mbewu fumbi basi zakula ndi munsi ndi
chonyezimira mafuta anaphimba. " - I kumvetsa tsopano osati bwino mmene kupeza
mfundo zotsutsana m'bukuli kutanthauza masamba nzothandiza kayendedwe kwa
kumverera kapena kutengeka; chifukwa zonse masamba irritability yekha, ndithudi
zokhudzana ndi kutengeka, irritability wa nyama (makamaka a m'munsi) ndi
analogous. Z. B. Kumbukirani kuti osiyana khalidwe la chule kukonzekera malingana
ndi nyengo ndi zochitika zina pa galvanic zatsopano.
Munthu amatha kugwira anachititsa kuti akunena potsutsa maganizo kufunika
mankhwala kukwiya kayendedwe choncho, kuti amathandiza kutsegula khalidwe la
thupi kufunikira palokha, ndipo iwowo kudula chomera mbali (mwachitsanzo.
Monga odulidwa nthambi za tcheru chomera, kudula zipsera wa Mimulus amapita)
pamaso pake; ngati sichoncho, popanda zomwe zanenedwa kale kale kuchita zakale
usilikali, komanso muli kokha kufanana ndi nyama kayendedwe pamtima phunziro,
amene ali otetezeka ndi kumverera mu ubwenzi. Mosayembekezereka ray kuwala
kapena needlestick nacho wathu maso athu miyendo wabwino chidule ndi kumverera
kwa singano kwenikweni monga Berberisstaubfaden.Wille, pamene izo zifika ku
zotsatira, ndithudi, angafooketse gululi, koma zimapangitsa mkazi ngakhalenso
kumva.
Ana, pamene kwenikweni adzakhala asadafike mphamvu, kutenga nzothandiza
kayendedwe ndithu kuti khalidwe la involuntary kayendedwe. Ndi zomera zinthu
mwinamwake ana kwambiri analogous (onani mkuyu. XV). "Pamene mopepuka
akusisita kumbuyo kwa dzanja, zala, pamene akusisita kumbuyo kwa forearm manja
ndi momwemo pa Shin Tambasula ana kamodzi miyendo, pamene tickling mkati
dzanja zimayambitsa yomweyo kupindika zala." (V. d. Kolk mu Fror. Schleiden ndi
mavuto. Oct. 1847. No. 75. P. 135.)
The nzothandiza chimachititsa kudula ziwalo za zomera Komano okha analogous
kwa nzothandiza kayendedwe kuti zingaoneke pa odulidwa achule 'miyendo,
Salamander michira etc. Inu Pokhapokha ndithudi, kumapereka lingaliro kuti
odulidwa ziwalo za nyama Walte lokha ayi kutengeka angakhale mpaka
kutembenukira nafe pamene ananena kuti nzothandiza chimachititsanso, ngati iwo
konse zingachitike popanda zogirigisha, ndipo sangakhoze amanena
zotengeka. Ndipo ndithudi kukwiya kayendedwe ka mbewu zidutswa ali wamng'ono
mfundo maganizo amenewa zidutswa kuposa nyama zidutswa za nkhani; koma
mwina kwambiri pa lonse zomera ku zotengeka awa zomera kuposa nyama lonse
choncho. Ayenera sangafanane basi cholakwika. Ife sitiri ankanena kuti nzothandiza
kayendedwe zokha zogirigisha, koma kuti akutumikira chamoyo wa kutengeka
kapena okhudza thereto abulusa mu nkhani. Limagwirira kenako muzionetsetsa kuti
akhalebe yodulidwa mbali.

Pano pali njira zina zofunikila zolemba za m'mbuyomu kudziwika zitsanzo za

zomera nzothandiza kayendedwe:
Wokondeka kayendedwe pa stamens.
Kuwonjezera wamba otchedwa Berber Kudya Kodi atha kuona ndi irritability wa
stamens: pa North America Berberisarten ndi pinnate masamba, Berberis
humilis ndi canadensis (Mahonia Nutt.); koma ena otchedwa Berber
malingaliro Epimedium, Leontice, Nandina; - zina zomera ku nkhadze ndi cists banja
name: Opuntia vulgaris, ficus indica, nsomba DC (nkhadze Opuntia ficus
indica, nsomba), ndi Medicus ku Cereus grandifl , hexagon. ndipo Peruvia ,. koma
sanathe kupeza anatsimikizira Treviranus; zina Cistus Helianthemum,
apenninum ndi ledifolium (Helianthemum vulg. apenn ndi. ledifol.); pa ziwaloziwiri
maluwa ena Centaureen, ndicho Centaurea spinosa, ragusina, cineraria,
glastifolia, eriophora, Salmantica. Isnardi, pulchella Ndinakopeka. (chakumapeto
anapeza Treviranus bwino makamaka kupanda); - Pomaliza pa Sparmannia
afrioana (a Titiacee). About ena kwambiri zochitika za stamens osiyana zomera,
koma m'malo irritability, ndipo iye anali mwina anakankhira amadalira makina
kapena zimayambitsa (a Parietaria, Chenopodium, Atriplex, Spinacia,
Urtica, Humulus ,, Morus, Forskalea, Genista Spartium, Indigofera,
Medicago, Kalmia, etc.) ndalama. Treviranus, Physiol. II. 739. (anyamata M'madzi
wayesetsa Parietariandi Urtica esp. Ndalama. Wiegm. Chipilala. 1836. II. 100.)
The stamens wamba otchedwa Berber Kudya utsi angathe anayambitsa, ngati inu
kudula kumtunda kwa iwo kapena anatenga kutali duwa la pistil amene sepals ndipo
pamakhala.Chindiletsa kuwayika iwo mu nthawi iwo wotopa, pa mawu a m'gulu
lawo, amakhalabe zikutsatiridwa kenako wosapitirira udindo.
Mu zomera za nkhadze ndi Cistenfamilie ndi irritability lakonzedwa kuti pamene
inu muwoloka zikwapu ndi udzu kapena ndevu za yomalizira pa filaments kapena
kuwomba pa izo, chimodzimodzi kupanga pang'onopang'ono onsewo ndi curving
kayendedwe, amene ankatsutsa kalekale malangizo kuposa wa mantha wapatsa iwo
anachita. Gululi kwambiri yolimbikitsa, otentha akanayesetsa kutero ndi
m'mlengalenga, koma alibe liwiro ngati Berberis ndipo sati anapereka chifukwa
chongotengeka concussion. - The irritability wa Centaureen anawona kwambiri
momveka bwino mu chimbale maluwa, amene kokha maluwa. The filaments
kudzatunga pano limodzi pamene wokhudza anthers; nthawi yomweyo, koma
mmodzi kapena angapo masekondi pambuyo kukhudzana ndi kubwerera Patapita
nthawi, koma pang'onopang'ono, mu yapita udindo, amene Mungathe kubwereza ndi
bwino kuyabwa. Kachiwiri amakonda kutenthetsa mpweya irritability. (Treviranus,
Physiol.)
Morren zosiyana pafupi 5 kayendedwe ka maluwa Centaureen. "L) Pamene inu
mopepuka kukhudza maluwa lisanadze kuperekedwa kwa stigmata, moti kusuntha
kwa pakati pa gulu maluwa ndi kumbuyo 2) Ndiye zimatengera kutulutsa umuna. 3 )
The Stigmate kudutsa kunja. 4) wokhudza tsopano mosavuta maluwa kapena
stigmata, moti onsewo kayendedwe. 5) Munthu Kuwakwiyitsa potsiriza stigmata,
kotero anther kukoka pansi ndiyeno limatuluka kachiwiri. choyamba kayendedwe ndi

chifukwa . fortziehen ndi kufupikitsa wamkati ulusi wa stamens zapitazo ali wamkulu
mu maluwa, ndi maluwa ndi munsi The wachiwiri ndi wachitatu adzakhalanso za
mwa regrowth mu khola; wachinayi ndi chifukwa cha kufupikitsa wamkulu stamens,
kutsatizana chikuchitika, ndipo alinso. wachisanu Pa nthawi zonsezi, ndiye, ndiwo
stamens, amene amapanga ndi irritability kayendedwe. " (Wiegm. Chipilala. 1844 II
p. 128.)
Wokondeka kayendedwe a munsi.
Pa chabe manyazi a pistil nzothandiza kayendedwe akhala anati makamaka angapo
Mitundu ya Personatenfamilie ndi iwiri mlomo chilonda, amene
pamwamba (Martynia annua, Bignonia radicans, ndi
jenda Gratiola ndi Mimulus (kutchulidwa awo ambiri mitundu) ndi yochepa
ofotokoza zochitika. Medicus AFUNA ichi irritability ku pawiri mlomo chilonda
kuchokera Lobelia syphilitica, crinoides ndi CRinUS aona Komabe, kumene
kuonerera, monga Iye anavomereza, lili ndi anthu oposa wamba chidwi. Komanso,
nzothandiza chimachititsanso adakali pa chilonda kuchokera Goldfussia
anisophylla ndi Goodenia, pa Genitaliensule wa S tylidium ndi kapu woboola pakati
ZOWONJEZERA pa n'kuwasanganiza pa Pinus Larix (larch mtengo) yakula. monse
mwa irritability Zikuoneka kuti zokhudzana ndi kuchita umuna. The iwiri mlomo
zipsera za Personaten izi uthenga chosonyeza choncho pamene umuna pa manyazi
gelangend, ndi iye kutseka zimayambitsa ndi simupita, ndipo pambuyo Dons
maganizo a anzanu pa madzi nkhani za hoses kuposa mungu athandize,
herabzutreiben zimenezi zili ndi mitengo (?).
Za irritability kwa chilonda cha Mimulus nyakulima zaposachedwapa ganyu
makamaka zatsopano. (Olimawo, zatsopano ndi kuzipenya pa Ziwalo zoberekera mu
vollk. Chipinda. Stuttgart. 1844.) Kudula ndi kulowa mu yonyowa pokonza mchenga,
iwo zinthu ngati unabgeschnitten. Kugwedeza suchita, koma mwina mankhwala
kuno, monga sulfuric acid. Ndi morphine mafuta kapena Strychninl (osakaniza
morphine kapena strychnine ndi mafuta) ndi irritability amakhala wofooka ndipo
potsiriza anawonongedwa. Castration anali irritability osapitirirapo mphamvu, kuposa
kuti yodziwika nthawi maluwa ndipo komanso chilonda anawonjezera. An
kukhudzana mwa zofuna zathu mungu pa irritability limachitika pa nthawi yomwe
mayi luso; mankhwala kuno zinthu komanso kupatula nthawi ino.
Mu Goldfussia anisophylla (mwinamwake Ruellia anisophylla) tingayembekezere
pamene maluwa chikuyamba, yomwenso kumapeto kwa cholembera, amene ali
mawonekedwe a pamwamba chitalumikizana akuyese- tapered waya pa stamens
Komanso kuti chilonda, amene limangokhudza ndi mbali ya cholembera zinazake
kutalika kuchokera pamwamba pamodzi forterstreckt anauza otukukira kunja
kuthambo, ndipo concavity wa mbedza ndi anapandukira ndi stamens. Koma ngati
chirichonse wokhudza cholembera, kapena inu kuwomba izo, kapena mbewu
kugwedezeka, kapena zotentha (25 R.) kumabweretsa mpweya mwamsanga ozizira
(-2 R.), kotero yomwenso kumapeto kwa cholembera chikunena kwathunthu
molunjika kuti mupereke mwamsanga pamene wowongoka muvi, nthawi zina
pang'ono yomwenso ngati Flamberge; nthawizina (koma kawirikawiri) chimasonyeza

cholembera komanso lateral kayendedwe, kapena kumanzere, patsogolo kapena

m'mbuyo. Inde kwambiri chikondi cha sanamve cholembera anaerama ngakhale
Arc kwa mbali, kuti cholembera ndi ndiye pasanapite nthawi pa corolla ndi zabwino
tirigu padziko. Mpaka kubweranso kufuna kwa malo awo oyambirira amapita
zoposa 1/4 ora. Kuyesa akhoza adzikonzenso lokha zambiri. The tilinazo cholembera
samayamba kale kuposa kutsegula anthers zimatha mpaka maluwawa
chinazilala. Zimasonyeza lokha pa odulidwa maluwa, ngakhalenso pa akutali
mapensulo, komanso ngati iwo ali padziko mbewu, lightness kapena mdima palibe
kusiyana kulikonse mu bwino kwambiri. Cholinga cha nzothandiza kayendedwe
mwachionekere kuphedwa kwa kubereketsa zomera, monga Patapita (XI)
kukambirana mwatsatanetsatane. A zaufulu kayendedwe sakanakhoza
anazindikira. (Nouv. Mem. De l'Acad. De Bruxelles. 1839.)
Mu mtundu Stylidium, amene pempho kayendedwe ndi waufupi amene ali
pamwambapa, ndime imene ikutha ndi awiri anthers ndi manyazi, kuti ankamuona
ngati intergrowth awiri filaments monga ndi cholembera. Iye ali ndi iwiri S woboola
pakati kupindika ndipo anawerama pa pansi pambali pa zamaluwa malire mu
tchire. Morren a zofufuza za StyliD.graminifolium anaulula kwambiri zotsatirazi: The
kayendedwe ka ndime kumachitika kokha pamaziko a zoyendayenda wa kupindika
m'munsi m'malo chomwecho. Mu masamba boma, irritability sanayambebe; izo
samayamba pamaso kutsegula anthers ndipo ikusonyeza ndi utumiki mphamvu kokha
pamene ayamba kukantha mmbuyo pa mbali, zimene adzachita mkati mating
nthawi. Ngati Antherenapparat wafota, amamvetsera irritability. Ambiri, kayendedwe
chimachitika pokhapokha kukondoweza; koma yotentha kwambiri, makamaka
masana, anaona Morren mobwerezabwereza kuti zipilala za ufulu wosankha
anaweramuka (pang'onopang'ono, cha m'ma 1/2 min., pamene mofulumira mu
mkwiyo) ndi akubwereranso mwa izo zokha mu chake choyambacho udindo , Ngati
mizati inamangidwa kamodzi, kotero mukufuna izo pachabe chifukwa chake malo
otsika; izo rockets ndi elasticity palokha kachiwiri mu mlengalenga. The irritability
kupitiriza zikutsatiridwa komanso truncated zipilala, ngakhalenso pa odulidwa
kuchokera mwa yaing'ono mizati kupindika zidutswa za m'munsi. (Nouv. Mem. De
l'Acad. De Brux. 1838.)
Za irritability wa kapu woboola pakati ZOWONJEZERA amene m'munsi mwa
thumba losunga mazira a larch mtengo (Pinus Larix) atakhala (by Don, zikuoneka
olakwa, ankaona stigmata), Don inanena motere: "Ine anatenga nthambi opanda
ukala maluwa, anagwedeza umuna wa mwamuna catkins ya nthambi yina pa kuti
Stigmate anapeza kwathunthu wodzazidwa ndi mungu, ndipo tsopano akanatha
mosavuta zindikirani momwe mpanda wa manyazi pang'onopang'ono ananyamuka
pamodzi wangwiro wamphumphu; amene zikuoneka ali cholinga cha madzi nkhani .
Mungu thovu kukankhira ndi chimodzimodzi kuyendetsa chopapatiza ndimeyi pa
mtengo Pambuyo umuna, mpanda wa manyazi zambiri kachiwiri; patangopita
zinafota ndipo tsopano zimawonekera ndi chopanda mungu thovu wodzazidwa Ngati
inu kudula nthambi ndi mkazi maluwa pamaso umuna. kuchokera, kotero inu
anadabwa kuona liti manyazi wotseguka ndipo wangwiro chikhalidwe. " (Ann. Of

SC. Nat., 1828. XIII. 83.)

Wokondeka kayendedwe ka zina maluwa mbali.
Pamene, ndi Stylidium kuti masoka banja mwini chimodzimodzi neuhollndischen
mtundu Leeuwenhoekia ndi, olowa, umene wachisanu ngodya ya korona articulates
ndi chitoliro, kukwiya, kuti wokhudza, kapena sanamve, kusiya litamanga
adatchithisira udindo, mofulumira erects wokutidwa ndi kusema mbale losasunthika
Genitaliensule. Mwa mtundu Caleyamlomo kuoneka kuti ali ena irritability, ndi
mitundu ina ya Pterostylis ndi Megaclinium falcatum Lindl. - Ngati pali mitundu
yambiri ya Mesembryanthemum ndi pamakhala anapereka, pamene inu kuika dontho
la madzi pa stamen. - Mu Bellis perennis limapangitsa mwadzidzidzi mayikidwe a
matabwa masamba zipatso; koma pokhapokha wamphamvu kwambiri wa efa. Belu
zooneka ngati duwa la Ypomoea sensitiva atseka pambuyo Turpin nthawi yomweyo
zikupiringizikira pang'ono kukhudza mitsempha yawo. - Pa Oenothera
tetraptera Hedwig anaona mwadzidzidzi wilting awo yopuma-pafupi Corolla, ngati
iye anali mosamala anatumbula momasuka ndi mpeni chikho limene iwo zakutidwa.
Wokondeka kayendedwe ka masamba.
Kwa zomera ndi losavuta kukwiya masamba ndi kufikira tsopano Dionaea
muscipula kudziwika. Chipinda anabwera ndi gulu kukwiya masamba, monga inu
kudziwa tsopano okha pansi pa Oxalideen ndi nyemba kale. 33 ndi 36 a zomera,
amene amadziwika kuti ali mpaka yekha kayendedwe apparitions a
kwambiri Oxalis sensitiva, Averrhoa carambola, ndipo ambiri mosamala wa Mimosa
pudica ankafufuza kapena tcheru Bzalani. Ena irritability yekha sluggishly. Apa
mndandanda wa kudziwika mpaka:
I. Oxalideen: Averrhoa Bilimbi L., A. carambola L., Oxalis sensitiva L. stricta 0., 0.
acetosella, 0. corniculata, 0. purpurea, 0.carnosa, 0. Deppei (yotsirizira
Pidagwanda Morren). . - II nyemba: Aspalathus persica Burm. - Nauclea pudica
Desc. - Aeschynomene sensitiva Swartz, A. indica L., A. pumila L. - Smithia sensitiva
ait. - Mimosa casta L., M. peruambucana L. (Desmauthus diffusus Willd.) M.
asperata L., M. pigra L., M. quadrivalvis L, (Schrankia aculeata Willd.) M. pudica
L., M. sensitiva L., M. viva L. Willd. -. Desmanthus lacustris Dec., D. natans Willd,
D. stolonifer Dec., D. triquetris Dec., D. plenus Willd, D. polyphyllus Willd .. -.
Acanthocarpa mthethe Willd cholinga ngakhale pambuyo Schreber awiri osati
kwenikweni mitundu ina ya Aeschynomene ndipo patapita Decandolle mthethe ku
Senegal. (. Wiegm Chipilala 1838. I. 347. 162. 1840. II ..) - Pambuyo Mohl pafupi
Komanso Robinia pseudacacia, viscosa ndi hispida ndi kugwedeza nthambi,
masamba amtengo. Iye amakhulupirira kuti irritability wa mbewu minofu ndi ambiri
kuposa ife ankakhulupirira kale. (Botan. Time. 1832. II. 497.)
Ambiri, onse amene akudziwika zomera ndi kukwiya masamba kukonda wettest
malo; ena, monga Desmanthus masitaelo ndi downright zomera za m'madzi. Onse,
kupatulapo kunachitika otentha mbali ya kotentha zone Dionaea a yotentha
zone. Ambiri zitsamba, ochepa zitsamba ndi mitengo. Onse kuno kubweretsa pa
kukwiya masamba chabe pafupi, sanatsegule konse kunja. Pakuti gulu kukwiya
masamba amaoneka chimodzimodzi malangizo, sipangakhalenso chifukwa kuno,

komanso akagona ndi ufulu wosankha.

Dionaea muscipula akubwera mouma pamaso mu zithaphwi la North
America. Masamba anayala mu naukanso padziko maluwa phesi iye pantsi ndi
zapambuyo mapeto a anagawa ndi odulidwa pa mapeto ake awiri thekachowulungika lobes roundish, pabuka alumikiza, chimene chikugwirizana
mwapadera kawiri ndi chapakati nthiti lonse tsamba. Womwewo kuli yokutidwa ndi
yaing'ono, penapake minofu tiziwalo timene timatulutsa; Komanso, kutseka kuti
uchiwo usatuluke Amawapatsa osati pa nthawi yake m'mphepete ndi lokhala ndi
ubweya akulankhula mokalipa, koma aliyense wa iwo ali pa malo ake padziko atatu
upstanding ochepa la miyendo. Pamwamba pa nsalu thukuta ku tiziwalo timene
timatulutsa ku kuyamwa kuti amakopeka tizilombo, ena amene zikuoneka ngati
akufuna. Koma ndikuyesetsa kokha kokha tizilombo ali mwachizolowezi kufalikira
pepala ZOWONJEZERA kapena lobes waDionaea anapereka, pindani ichi (mu
masekondi) Upper kuchipatala pamodzi; ndi akulankhula mokalipa awo m'mbali
intersect mzake, ndi la miyendo zimathandiza kugwira nyama.The zambiri tizilombo
kulimbana ndi mphamvu kutseka totsegulira kwa wina ndi mzake; kokha pamene
khalidwe ima, iwo kutsegula kachiwiri, ndipo ndi ufulu kachiwiri, ngati izo si
Komabe, anafa. The chofanana, amene anabweretsa ndi kuwalimbikitsa wa tizilombo
ali, komanso amapanga chabe wokhudza ndi chala, mphasa kapena masamba a
oyandikana zomera. Curtis anapeza kuti nthawi zina akaidi ntchentche anali encased
mu patsale zinthu zimene zinkaoneka kuti akhale Kutha wothandizila
chimodzimodzi, kenako anandiuza kuti otsekerezedwawo tizilombo kutumikira
kudyetsa chomera. The irritability wa mbewu chikugwirizana ndi kutentha kwa
mpweya mogwirizana. Ngakhale Drosera rotundifolia ndilongifolia adzakhala
ofanana ngati Dionaea aona; kokha amathamanga pang'onopang'ono
kayendedwe; koma sanapeze china zodabwitsazi pano anatsimikizira.
Oxalis sensitiva ndi wofala Amboina pakati ena mbali ya India. The mwadzidzidzi
pinnate, 12 awiriawiri chowulungika timapepala ta kuwerengera masamba a zomera
bodza anakumana kapena potulutsa ena mchenga pamodzi kuti m'munsi pamalo a
mbali zonse abut mzake, kenako polera mu kuleka mkwiyo Patapita nthawi
kachiwiri. Nawonso kale pamene mmera anayandikira ndi nthaka
ikugwedezeka. Ngakhale usiku ndi kukugwa mvula iwo atsekedwa. M'mawa ali mu
mkhalidwe amphamvu kwambiri erection osati kotero tcheru mawotchi chakunja,
monga masana, kumene iwo kuphatikiza ndi wamaliseche kale kupuma pa.
Averrhoa carambola ali Bengal, mu Moluccas ndi Philippines chifukwa cha zipatso
za anabzala mtengo. The irritability wa pinnate masamba pano a trgerer mtundu,
moti kawirikawiri chabe Patangopita mphindi zochepa kuno. The timapepala ta ali
adatchithisira pamene inu kukhudza petiole, yafupika, kuti zomenyanazo
ndikukhudzana ndi m'munsi padziko pafupifupi.
Mimosa pudica, tcheru chomera, ndi bipinnate masamba. The timapepala ta,
tsamba-nthiti, waukulu petiole, ngakhale nthambi, aliyense ake makamaka lomwe
ukoma komanso wamba zomera tulo kumachitika, ngati angayambe chifukwa cha
kuno. The wa timapepala ta n'chakuti amadziika atumiza dachziegel mmodzi

pamwamba pa wina wa veining kuti tiyandikire mzake kuti iwo kuchita kukaweta
petiole kuti asinthe khama kwambiri polimbana ndi tsinde, ndipo nthambi ndi
nsonga. Mmenemonso ya chidule ndi mbewu yokha pakati pa usiku; mu mkhalidwe
apamwamba kukula Komano, pamene ziwalo zonse ndi lokha, yotentha chilimwe
masiku m'mawa mu kuwala kwa dzuwa. Aliyense wa kuyenda kwa zinthu chifukwa
ngakhale kuno zimachitika popanda wina Koma zimenezi zikugwira ntchito
makamaka ndi kayendedwe ka masamba ndi tsamba mapesi ndi petioles kusuntha
kawirikawiri popanda kufunsira ndi anthu ntchito. Kuchokera nthawi yomweyo
umakaniko sanamve mbali ya chidule amapita ndi propagates kwa kwambiri
zikuluzikulu kapena zing'onozing'ono, mphamvu anali akukangana. Nthawi imene
chinsalu ayenera boma la Wofalitsa kusintha kwa pasanathe mphindi 10
mpaka. 1/2 ora; Izi kutsegula sizingatheke ndi wokhazikika ndondomeko ya mbali
vonstatten kuposa kutseka. The irritability zachokera makamaka mu mafupa, umene
uli waukulu petioles ndipo nthambi chikugwirizana aliyense leaflet wa midrib,
aliyense tsamba Emmanueli; kuunika zowawa za chomwecho, insonderheit woyera
dontho pa articulation lililonse leaflet ndi midrib, wokwanira kubala
zotsatira; Komano zimayambitsa wokhudza masamba okha uthenga kutali, chidule,
monga chikugwirizana ndi kugwedera, amene propagates kwa mafupa.
Dulani nthambi, makamaka anapereka yachigawo m'dera m'madzi, kupitirizabe
irritability. Ngakhale usiku tulo mbewu akadali kukwiya; chikuyamba lokha m'madzi
ndipo atseka komabe, ngakhale pang'onopang'ono. Koma mu mlengalenga, ndi tsiku
iye akamakonda liveliest ndipo koposa, mphamvu ndi ndi apamwamba mlengalenga
kutentha.
Kuti (as Decandolle amati) kale cotyledons wa germinating M. . Pud anali
kukwiya, Dassen sanali anatsimikizira; Komanso achinyamata masamba pamaso
anakhulupirira mdima wobiriwira mtundu wa akulu, pang'ono sayenda. Yellowed
Masamba kwambiri kukwiya, koma noticeable monga mankhwala kuno kupatula pa
kugwiritsa ntchito makina ndi (Dassen).Ndi chitukuko cha latsopano masamba ndi
maluwa, ndi zoyendayenda utachepa ndinasintha mu nyumbayo ndi
masamba; yakucha wa zipatso kumvetsera kayendedwe.
Akutsatira zithumwa ntchito zawo zotsatira zambiri akutali malo awo ntchito,
amene makamaka bwino pamene inu kutentha tsamba mokoma; chifukwa patali
kwambiri, monga kutentha mokwanira, masamba pamodzi. Izi Wofalitsa zimene
zimafuna nthawi, ndi zithumwa za mapepala anachotsa Patapita kulimbikitsa wokha
ngati kwambiri. Pambuyo Dutrochet Wofalitsa liwiro ali petioles 8 mpaka 15 mm L
gawo, mu tsinde ambiri 2 3 mm. ndi Dassen koma yolondola mtima n'zotheka.
Za zobwezedwa kuno kumene maganizo Yankho chomera, m. Koposa. Mphamvu
ya yemweyo nzothandiza ndi koma mlingo zimasiyanasiyana osiyana limati wa
tcheru chomera, motero nthawi zambiri divergent ndi chidwi. Mawotchi kuno ndi
anavulala alibe kayendedwe Chifukwa, ngati iwo ali oyanjana ndi imfa ya madzi
kapena kugwedeza, monga momwe mukuonera chifukwa nthawi zambiri otani
kayendedwe pa kudula mu pepala, koma osati ngati mosamala (monga Dassen) ndi
lumo lakuthwa Monga zimachitika ogwira mankhwala kuno wakhala anazindikira,

mwa zina: chlorine, amoniya madzimadzi, nitrous acid, sulfurous acid, sulfuric efa,
n'kofunika mafuta, monga nthunzi kapena madzi ndi masamba aMimosa
pudica anakumana. Inu mukhoza kuwonjezera kuzikhulupirira kutali. Kotero inu
mukhoza mu mmodzi obweretsa asidi mokoma n'kufika leaflet, popanda potero
kugwirizana ndi kugwedezedwa, chifukwa zonse zokhudzana masamba
agwirizane. Camphor wawononga tilinazo ndi kupha mbewu popanda masamba
pafupi. - Kuyaka ndi moto ndi chimodzi mwa wamphamvu kwambiri kuno. Dassen
anathandiza yekha kukhala zothandiza makamaka, woonda, ankawaviika sera thonje
ulusi. Ndi zomwezo yaing'ono lawi akabweretse achinyamata masamba kayendedwe,
amene anali kusunthira mu njira ina iliyonse. Pambuyo mwadzidzidzi kulowa
chimfine, amene anali m'munsi yozizira koopsa mfundo ndi nthambi ya chothandiza
chomera anaona du Fay ndi Duhamel uli ndi mphamvu kuposa kale momasuka ndi
masamba ake, ndiye mwamsanga pafupi ndi kutsegulanso. - Galvanism zikuoneka
chifukwa osauka kasamalidwe chomera, ndi ovuta kukhudza, motero amatsata
chimatsutsa zimenezi chimakwirira.
Pamene anatentha mizu ndi kuikapo maganizo sulfuric asidi kapena lawi, kotero
kuti pakhale pang'ono kuyenda mu masamba (Dassen), koma, pamene kutsatira
kuchepetsa sulfuric acid (Dutrochet) kumene mayamwidwe zimatheka.
Chirichonse chimene chiri moyo wa mbewu zikuwononga, z. B. submerging iwo
zosiyanasiyana m'madzi, ndi kutsuka wa masamba ndi mafuta kapena mowa, ndi
rarefied mpweya wa pampu, ndi kozizira kuti chikondi nthawi yaitali kulandidwa
mpweya, ziphe Art, ndi carbonate, nitrate ndi asafe gasi, kapena kufooketsa
so legt es seine Blttchen sogleich zusammen und neigt sich
kuwononga irritability. Ndi ziphe la Mimosa akuphedwa pamaso masamba zimatheka
selbst rckwrts gegen den Stengel, (Eine empfindliche
ndi
ululu, ndi "munthu angathe (kunena Dassen) kufotokoza zotsatira zake zokha
Sinnpflanze zog schon bei Erschtterung der Erde durch einen
kuchokera zotsatira lonse chomera, amene ali osiyana monga ziphe, chifukwa
vorbeireitenden
Reiter die miyendo
Bltter wiekosayesa
erschrecktkulimbako
zusammen.) mu zikuwononga ziphe
chomwa
mankhwalawa
Allmhlich
kehrt ".
auch
hier die natrliche
Lage
von selbst
zurck.
kukhala
ouma
Kulikonse
mmodzi
amaona
pano
zachilengedwe kayendedwe
Contribuu a millorar la traducci
pasanafike pa nzothandiza kayendedwe kutha (by akugona ndi akudzuka). . (Ndalama
ya posachedwapa zatsopano pa. Mim pudica .: Meyen mu S. Maphunziro
Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa III 473; Dassen mu Wiegm Chipilala 1838.1 349;
Miquel mu Fror, N. osati No 9 wa gulu X. Gppert mu Pogg ....... Ann., 1828. khumi
ndi chinayi. 252.)

Text original

X. Teleological potsimikizira mfundo-.

Ife poyamba ambiri cholinga tiganizira mokomera chomera moyo ananena. Koma
langa lotsiriza gwetsa zonsezi ngati tiganizira ndi losavuta potsimikizira
nkhambakamwa kuti chomera koma akutumikira kwambiri ndi bwino kwa zolinga
zina kuposa fitly ya mapeto pakokha chomwecho sitingachitenso kufunsa.
Tiyeni kusintha wamkulu komanso woyamba ndi zake zonse kulemera kwa
usilikali.
Yomanga, unsembe, moyo ndi imfa ya zomera kupita kwathunthu pa cholinga
mabwenzi anthu ndi nyama, ndipo izi m'mbali pa iwo. Popanda zomera njala
chirichonse, chirichonse akanati pokhala kupanda thandizo; Ngati munthu anali

chosadya, osati mbatata, osati nsalu, mtengo; ndi umo tizindikira ndi kwawo, palibe
ngalawa, musakhudze, musati moto; ndi umo tizindikira musati kutenthetsa m'nyengo
yozizira, palibe kutentha kwa mphika, osati makala chifukwa zitsulo; ndi umo
tizindikira osati nkhwangwa, palibe khasu, palibe mpeni, palibe ndalama. Popanda
chomera, iye sakanati ngakhale nyama, palibe mkaka, palibe ubweya, palibe silika,
osati kuphuka, osati zikopa, osati tallow, anyama ayi; pakuti kumene ali choncho
mpaka nyama? Ndipo popanda zonsezi iye kusinthanitsa, osati luso, osati luso, osati
kulemba, osati mabuku, osati sayansi; Posakhalitsa, iye analibe kanthu koma anabala
moyo, ndi zimenezi, posachedwapa salinso.
Choncho munthu ayenera zomera ndi ichi Gebrauche iwo analengedwa, ndi zimene
munthu sayenera kuti ayenera chirombo chimene ngakhale pang'ono ntchito ndi
anthu, komanso ali ndi cholinga chake palokha. Mmera wonse, umene akutumikira
anthu yomweyo mwapatsidwa ndithudi mmodzi kapena angapo nyama pa nthawi
yomweyo chakudya ndi zogona;ndipo ngakhale ziyambe kukonzedwa miliyoni
aliyense amamwetsedwa infusoria. Zomera imakwaniritsa mokwanira cholinga,
powapatsa zonsezi; ndipo anafotokoza chifukwa chake mokwanira chifukwa
chiripo. Onse wopandamalire zosiyanasiyana zomera ndi mankhwala angatanthauze
kanthu koposa mofanana lalikulu zosiyanasiyana makamaka gearteter amafunikira
anthu ndi nyama maufumu mbali prefabricate kutipatsa mwachindunji mwina
kukwaniritsa.
Posachedwapa ife tikuwona mbewu zosiyanasiyana, nthawi zambiri intersecting,
misonkhano anawamasulira kuti nyama ndi anthu akusokoneza, nthai zina malo
chomera pa yaikulu mphamvu kwa anthu kapena nyama. Koma onse amasonyeza
mofanana kuti mtima wa mbewu wasankhidwa kuti ntchito mwa cholinga ntchito
zina zambiri pa chomera, muzu wa nyongolotsi, tsamba kwa chimbalanga, maluwa
ndi butterfly, kununkhira ndi mtundu anthu, chipatso cha M'kamwa mwake ndi
m'mimba, therere bata ng'ombe zake. Zosachepera 70 zosiyanasiyana tizilombo
nokha ndi moyo ndi mtengo. Kuwonjezera akadali kuimba nthambi mbalame ndi
gologolo akutsikira; nkhumba akuwerenga kugwa zipatso pa dormouse amafuna
chitetezo pansi muzu wake, munthu loderako ndi khungwa, nutmegs awo fuko la
muyezo wake zombo ngati matabwa a nyumba yake, ndi heats kwambiri m'nyumba
zawo nthambi. Kwathunthu zerfhrt ameneyu mtengo, titero mu mphamvu
ina. Komabe, kuganizira ubwino fulakesi, vinyo, anakweranso tidakonzeka
Arzeneipflanzen kwambiri makamaka kwa makamaka cholinga chachikulu, anthu,
ndi masamu. Inde, ngakhale pachabe zosangalatsa za anthu adakali mkulu
mokwanira, zomangamanga ndi moyo wapadera zomera mwachindunji subordinating
ake wosangalala. Chifukwa chikhalidwe akazi analenga chabe, iwonso analenga
zomera kwa misonkhano yapadera imeneyi chabe. Kotero ngati izo ziri, mabulosi
chomera anayenera kusakaniza kuti ngakhale silika akanatha ake kupota; ndi kuti
kwenikweni basi kuti chaichi kuchita naye, likutsimikizira beige anadutsa yekha
kuwonongedwa kwawo ndi kukhala ndi mmene zinthu zidzakhalire kutengeka
mphoto amakhala. Tiyi ndi khofi ndithu si choncho mwachirendo wothira zinthu
palokha, ngati si anthu whimsical zilakolako anali anapatsa pambuyo pake. Ndipo
kulikonse, pamene mbewu anakonza, anachita zimene ayenera kuchita kuti anthu

kapena nyama, iwo adzakhala mopanda chisoni anawononga tirigu kamodzi

Ndimatchetcha, anakoka mbatata, anakantha mtengo, fulakesi wokazinga. Paliponse,
zikuoneka zachilengedwe chisoni kuti mbewu ngati kukumana ndi cholinga cha
anthu ndi nyama.
Ndipotu, izi zitha kukhala tanthauzo la ubwenzi pakati pa nyama ndi
zomera. Anthu ndi nyama zoyembekezeka kubweretsa maganizo, mfundo, cholinga
chikhalidwe; amene tsopano anafuna ndithu kanthu kwa chonyamulira ndi
kupindula. Koma kuti labwino kukhala si nawo lokha kanthu, adzakhala ndi mlandu
pa izo, anali aakulu kwambiri m'gulu la zinthu pophika ndi ntchito imene zofunika
zolinga za abwino, anauika yachilendo m'dziko limene nkhaniyo katundu ndi khama
mosavuta imayendetsedwa, chifukwa si anazindikira izo. Ngati mwamuna ndi
chirombo onse akufuna kusamalira chinachake kupita pamwamba tisakhale ndi
mwangwiro padziko lapansi, zinthu kudzikonda komabe kukonza ndi abwino ziwalo
ndi omwe ntchito ndi kuchokera kutsogolo zimene anapereka kwa iwo kale
chisanadze limagwirizana ndi zomera momasuka anthu mukhoza, ngakhalenso
nyama zake ufulu kungokhala pamodzimodzi masana dziko lapansi. Koma panopa
anthu ndi nyama mbali zofanana ndi zosangalatsa, zimene china bwenzi kulenga
wolemera mwina akhala yekha otsiriza Sinthani kuti kuzimitsa ya manja a mbewu
kale anakonza chakale, ndipo m'bukuli amapeza kenako yabwino zinthu opaleshoni
awo ideological china.
Chonsecho kuli anthu ndi nyama limapezeka Kukhala nkhani mbewu ufumu
monga m'munsi; koma inu simungakhoze kufunsa chonyamulira kuti apamwamba
Iyenso akadali zili zimene anatsimikiza za free, wosavuta otayika Ake kulimbikitsa,
apa amase- moyo. Tiyeneranso nyali akadali kuwala mwa kuvala kuwala? Inde, izo
sibwezi wotchedwa dzina mbewu zolinga mochokera mumtima okhalapo kwathunthu
subordinated ziwonetsero amafuna zochuluka ndipo kuti sizingatheke nthawi imodzi
kuti iwo tsopano ngakhale cholinga okha?Ayenera si kani iwo, monga nyama ndi
anthu dziko lapansi kukhala Gnstigstmgliche kuti iwo sikuti mukudziwa bwino
kufunika kwa moyo, kuphunzira sindingakhoze ngakhale ndikuganiza chilakolako
cha moyo akanati kutsimikiza mwa akuvutika chifukwa ena ntchito? Basi monga iye
ali, iye amapereka yekha popanda kukana mphoto zolinga anafuna kukwaniritsa,
monga umo tizindikira bwino akutumikira kukwaniritsidwa, ndipo zimatengera
chikhalidwe ndi ife, kuti chisoni, ntchito.
Ndili ndi chitukuko za usilikali anapatsidwa kwambiri masewera, chifukwa
yosangalatsa zedi zazikulu ndi zokongola mbali ya chikhalidwe zinachitika kuti
Komanso mwapadera yeniyeni, mosamala, kukhala kwambiri munthu anakafika
zopindulitsa njira ya organic dera achipembedzo a ena, koma ndithudi, monga mbali
imodzi yokha, ndipo pamavuta ndi Untriftigkeit otsutsa ndi umo tizindikira
amatipatsa kuiwala ndi kutaya zodabwitsa za chozizwitsa. Chifukwa Cirengo cikulu
chikhalidwe ndi koma kuti aliyense zake zomwenso iliyonse m'maboma anapanga
kwathunthu kwa wina okhalapo kuoneka, akhala pa nthawi yomweyo kwathunthu pa
zofuna, nthawi zonse amatumikira ena, pambuyo ena ubwenzi pokhapokha Andres
iye kutumikira; ndi zonse izi amtengo amachita, kuti lonse ukhale ndi
moyo. Choncho tiyeni mbewu kaya mosamala anamanga, akhazikitsidwe

kukwaniritsa cholinga anthu ndi nyama, ndi inde ngakhale amenewa cholinga
mwathunthu akukwaniritsidwa masamu chimene izo zimachita! The lonse
chiyembekezo limeneli linachokera zolakwika, monga ngati mofanana kusamala umo
tizindikira bwino molondola mawerengedwe a nyumbayi, kuika mbewu kwa zofuna
si vertrge. Aliyense kuyang'ana unyolo masoka okhalapo amene mwadala kutseka
lokha kuchokera mu mmodzi ndiye amaganiza kuonera, akukwana wosonyeza
cholinga concatenation.
Galu ndi mphaka adzatumikira zosangalatsa kapena ubwino wa anthu; Koma iwo
zochepera chilakolako ndi kufunafuna mwa Iye yekha? The mphaka wadya
mpheta; koma mpheta Choncho osati kwa mphaka kumeneko; timba wadya mbozi,
koma mbozi Choncho osati kwa mpheta chifukwa; Mbozi adya zomera; chifukwa
tsopano ndi chomera pa nthawi imodzi chabe chifukwa mbozi nanga chammbuyo,
monga wake? Sindikuona kuti mu chikhalidwe cha zimene chilakolako, wotsika izi
makwerero, aletsa, ngakhale tsika mu chomera; chifukwa amaoneka ngati siteji
zopangidwa mwala ndi chitsulo? Mmera ntchito zina, ndi zoona; chilungamo zofuna
kuti wina akhoza atumikire zolinga kachiwiri; ndi chikhalidwe cha ichi cholungama,
monga adzachitiridwa mwatsatanetsatane. Koma ndiye mbewu ayenera kukhala nazo
cholinga; ndipo izi zitha kukhala ndi kukhala ndi moyo; Ine sindikutanthauza basi
zolinga mkati tanthauzo la Hegelian-cholinga m'gulu, koma ngati cholinga, monga
iwo tsopano ali ndi wokhalapo amene akuona kuti chibaba chinachake, ndipo mwina
akafika amenewa.
Kodi kwambiri kugula enanso ambiri nthawi imodzi mbewu, monga taonera
chitsanzo cha mtengo, kotero si kwambiri mopitirira muyeso wa kukwaniritsidwa
kwa cholinga kuposa kupeza yotsimikizika chosonyeza kuti ali pano ngakhale
ankaganiza kuti cholinga chachikulu. Chifukwa angakwanitse moti anthu ambiri
nthawi imodzi, kotero izo ziri kukhulupirira lotsatira, kuti makamaka nokha
chinachake amatha kugula. Chifukwa chiyani koma ngakhale lotsatira, iwo athe
kukwanitsa ichinso yabwino ndi bwino kugwirizana. Cholinga adzakhala kufunafuna
Choncho ndendende m'bukuli. Onse zolinga, anakumana ena, koma
musiye; adzadziphatika kwa munthu maonekedwe, chimathandiza moyo wake. Koma
mtengo wa womangidwa pakokha amalimbana lonse, uthenga zinthu, ali yekha
pamodzi ndithu. Ndipo ichi ndithu coherent mwa iwo okha organic zotsatira zigawo
zogwirizana palibe coherent cholinga pakokha m'dera? Izo zikusowa pamene thundu
kufika cholinga lokha. Amene sakhulupirira kuti pamene nyenyezi akutumiza cheza
ku mbali iliyonse, chinachake kuwala ndi mogwirizana pamodzi yekha? Koma ife
tiyeni mtengo waukulu matabwa kuchokera mdima pakati positi.
Ngati ena chomera kwapangitsa kuoneka kukwaniritsa yaing'ono bwino ngakhale
olakwika zilakolako za anthu, kuti ayenera Mulimonsemo yabwino kutsimikizira kuti
zomwe zikuoneka chabe anapanga, kokha wamng'ono ndi wosafunika kwenikweni
kuchokera kumene iwo anapitadi ndi; kapena kuganizira za chilengedwe kwambiri
kosadzilemekeza.
Mmodzi akuganiza Komabe, chikhalidwe ankafuna kulimbikitsa substantive
ntchito kwambiri theka la moyo chopanda okhalapo kuti atsogolere soulful Choncho,

munthu ayenera Komabe kumbukirani kuti malinga ndi ambiri dongosolo la

chikhalidwe konse chuma akuchita kokha chomwe chiri pano padziko lapansi
akuchita miyoyo kufotokoza. Choncho sizikugwira ntchito kupulumutsa moyo, koma
moyo wa ntchito akanapulumuka ngati usilikali zikanakhala bwino ngati, kodi tipite
ndi moyo vonstatten, koma apite padakapanda vonstatten. Koma aliyense ntchitoyi
ndi alinso mphoto ya ntchito, kudziwa kuyesetsa wa alangidwa. Mfumu ndi akatswiri
okha ntchito ndi ubongo ndi kasupe; Koma mlimi ndi mmisiri ntchito kwambiri ndi
mkono ndi planing. Koma izi amamva bwino kwambiri ndipo uchite zinthu
mwamphamvu ngati kuti khama pa ntchito yake ndipo amasangalala kwambiri
mphoto yabwino pa ntchito yake. Kumverera ndi kusangalala ndi zabwino basi
kumeneko ndipo anayamba, apa coarser ndi zosavuta, monga ntchito ndi thunthu la
ntchito ndi ogwira ntchito okha. Koma kodi mlimi kudyetsa mfumu ndipo amaonabe
zimene akuchita kuyamwitsa iye, ndi chomera athe kudyetsa nyama ndi amaonabe
chimene izo zimachita kwa kusamalitsa.Onse zifukwa, kenako zomera isanafike
moyo mokomera dziko la anthu ndi nyama anali anavomera, zingakhale zofunikira
Ndipotu, chabwino, iwo amakana limaimira olamulidwa mokomera boma la
akatswiri ndi njonda.
Akuti za Koma Koma wathu zipangizo analibe cholinga ndi zimene kutumikira
yekha zolinga, bwanji basi zomera? Koma basi Posonkhanitsa wathu zida akhoza,
ngati tiganizira oyambirira, zabwino kutumikira kusonyeza kuti chomera akugwa
pansi mbali ina.
Yathu zida moyo ndi kuyendayenda ndi kukula kuchokera wokha ngati zomera, ali
chirichonse pa dzanja, mawonekedwe ndi Kuwonjezera wa ife, kuti kufunsa
chilichonse cholinga okha; ntchito imene ikuchitika nawo, sichoncho inu konse, ife
ndi amene kuchita izo; Choncho tingachite kufuna yekha mphoto yake ya
ntchito; chomera koma ngati ali zipangizo okha tikukhalamo ndi ndi ndi palokha
ntchito zida, ife kotero, komanso zofanana zonena pamene ife; ndi zoimbira za
Mulungu monga ife; Mulungu msonkhano koma alibe zida unilaterally aliyense
matanthauzo kutumikira winayo, koma.
Herewith tsopano tafika yachiwiri tsamba la phunziro lathu, amene kwathunthu
analekerera usilikali kapena waona mwa mbali yoyamba kuposa kuwameza pamene
iye kuzidya m'malo ambiri zokongola kwambiri. Ndipo herewith ndi akukumana pa
moyo wa zomera mfundo adzatembenukira mowakomera kwathunthu.
Zomera kutumikira anthu ndi nyama; Tikawonetsetsa anthu ndi nyama kutumikira
mbewu; ndipo anapanga zomera soulless, izi Komanso anthu ndi nyama
soulless. Basi chifukwa ife, anazolowera kuyeza chirichonse tokha ndi zosoa zathu,
osati chimodzimodzi zomera ndi misonkhano monga ife samapereka ngati utumiki.
Ndi ufulu wofanana, monga iwo amati, kuti anthu ndi nyama kudya, ndi kudya
zipatso za m'munda, m'modzi akhoza kunena zoona, kuti zipatso za m'munda
chakudya pa anthu ndi nyama kachiwiri; Pakuti chilichonse cha anthu ndi nyama
kupita, abwerera kumka ku zomera, ndipo ndidzadutsa mwa iwo kuti
kuchulukana. Iwo kunyenga anthu basi osati moyo, monga timachita nawo. Iwo
akuyembekezera zomwe zikuchitika kwa ife kufikira pankhani iwo, kuyembekezera

imfa yathu, pamaso iwo alande wathu wonse. Izi wodwala tsopano ankanena kuti
waulesi kukakala ndi akufa passivity; koma mosalungama, chifukwa iwo satero koma
amamva chisoni ndi onse kuti unalidi ndendende chifukwa onse pankhani iwo, koma
kuvomereza dyera komanso mosangalala mukakule. Izo basi chimadalira pa kuleza
mtima konse ndi Gebanntsein kwa nthaka ndi, titero, mkazi khalidwe cha nyama
pamodzi.Akudikira komanso mfumukazi, kuti abweretse zinthu zofunika; n'zoona
kuti iye sayenera kudikira; kwambiri manja mwachibadwa wotanganidwa
iwo. Kotero tsopano akuyembekezera lonse chomera, kuti nyama thupi kupasuka
lokha, kumanga matupi awo; duwa akudikira mpaka tizilombo anabwera kwa iye kuti
amuthandize pa umuna; mbewu amadikirira wofesa umtenga iye ndi kubzala
dziko; tizilombo ndi munthu kuchita izo zedi, ngakhale poyamba
ihrentwegen; Komabe, chikhalidwe ali ndi tizilombo ndi anthu mofanana anakonza
kuti Ihrentwegen amakhala Chifukwa cha iwo nthawi imodzi.
Kodi chikhalidwe kapena tiyeni zomera ndi nyama kumenyana zimene akufuna
kwa ena, chifukwa zimenezi kwambiri pakati pawo? Iye ankakonda kusiya
mwamtendere ndiponso kutenga pano zapiringizana, choncho si onse kupasuka mu
chisokonezo. Kotero tsopano anatilola zomera ku chifuniro chathu zolinga ntchito,
wopanda mbewu ikhoza kuteteza; koma ngakhale motsutsana ndi kufuna kwathu,
tiyenera kutumikira mbewu kachiwiri; ndipo tingatani kudziteteza za zambiri za izo?
The fetereza ndi lawola mtembo pali osati zimene zomera umabwera ngati
chakudya ndi anthu ndi nyama bwanji. Obisika, anthu ambiri osadziwika magalimoto
ali m'malo zomera ambiri Chofunika kupanga zinthu zofunika kwambiri
iwowo. Ndipotu, kodi ukuganiza bwino kuti mbewu womera mu mphika kapena
kunja, ndi lalikulu? Nthaka zikuoneka nkomwe kuchepetsa mavuto. Komanso
akupanga chomera pa moto mmbuyo pang'ono phulusa. Kwambiri kumene achita
odzipereka madzi, koma nthaka ndi madzi ambiri amapanga pafupifupi palibe
chomera. Ngati zachilendo mmene zingamvekere ena, ndithu kuti zimagwiritsa
kupuma wa anthu ndi nyama, kuchokera ku zomera inamangidwa, amene amalenga
yake yogwira katawala. Chimaonekadi onse olimba amene akhala monga malasha
pamene anatentha zomera, zomera akuyandikira kwa mpweya wa mlengalenga
(ndiponso geschwngerten madzi), chinthu chofanana amene anapulumuka monga
thovu la shampeni. Izi mpweya wotuluka tikamapuma ndi mwa anthu ndi nyama,
chosakanikirana ndi zomera, chifukwa waikamo mpweya ndi amasintha mu chuma
chawo, koma mpweya (zake kugwirizana kwa carbons basi carbonated mitundu)
anabwerera m'mlengalenga.
"Ndithudi," anatero Dumas, "munali chigamba cha nthaka imene acorn utakula
zaka zapitazo, kuchokera omwe anatuluka ataimirira pamaso pathu kwakukulu
mtengo, palibe miliyoni a mpweya, ndi mtengowu tsopano. Onse, mwachitsanzo onse
, carbon, izo walandira mpweya. " (Dumas, statics wa limba. Ch.)
Boussingault anapeza kuti fetereza amene wakhala ankadya pa dziko munda kwa
mahekitala dothi okha 2793 makilogalamu. Mpweya munali kuti anapanga koma
kukolola 8383 makilogalamu. M'dziko lina la kukolola paphunziro 7600
makilogalamu. Mpweya pa fetereza. Choncho, muyeso anayenera ochokela

mlengalenga.
Yemweyo ganyu pofuna amene anakhala pa kulambira mchenga ndi miyala
owazidwa asungunulidwa madzi nandolo, moti anali kuyandikira chakudya chokha
mpweya, komabe akupangidwa masamba ndi mbewu anapereka. (Ebendas.)
Kodi amafunitsitsa zomera kuwaphunzira mpweya mpweya, zotsatirazi kuyesera
zikutsimikizira Boussingaults. Iye anapeza kuti "mpesa masamba omwe anadzetsa
zibaluni kuti onse aufsaugten mu carbonic asidi ali ndi chimodzimodzi mpweya
anadutsa pamene analola ndi anatsindika Mpweya akadali mofulumira. Mofananamo
anaona Boucherie ku rhizomes wonse madzi anapha mitengo ya mpweya woipa
kuthawa mu zedi. " (Ebendas.)
M'nyengo yozizira, wathu mpweya freezes pa maluwa pa zenera, m'chilimwe
kuwombera lomveka bwino maluwa dambo pa izo. Mulungu, iwo amati, anthu
anapumira moyo, Tikawonetsetsa amene anganene, kupuma, anthu kudzala thupi a.
Anthu ndi nyama ayenera kupuma ndi moyo, kuti zomera kukula ndi moyo; inde
m'mapapo a anthu ndi nyama akhoza downright monga ziwalo amene kukonzekera
zomera za chofunika kwambiri kufunika moyo. Tikupitirizabe ng'ombe,
kutikonzekeretsa mkaka awo udders, zomera musungidwa ndi Mulungu anthu ndi
nyama, kukonzekera mpweya mu mapapo kwa izo. Ng'ombe lokha ndi kudya udzu
kumathandiza kudzera mpweya kumanga latsopano udzu; Iye wakudya yekha wakale
masamba, mwachitsanzo pa zinthu za m'mbuyomo moyo ntchito ya zomera, ndi,
monga kale anati, alibe ngakhale zambiri zikutanthauza kukonzekera zomera; iye
amapuma kwa thunthu kwa moyo watsopano kuchokera ku ntchitoyo, chifukwa
kusintha kwa kuti theka-chinthu chauzimu mu thupi, waukulu ntchito moyo wa
zomera; olungama amazikulitsa, zobiriwira, moyo. Mmodzi sakanakhoza
amanenanso kuti chilengedwe ali ambiri substantive kukonzekera ntchito lonse
Zermalmungs- ndi kugaya chakudya cha coarse zipangizo nyama katundu ku
chomera, titero, mmera chabe anakhalabe zabwino, kuwala wopambana ntchito kwa
Woyera-monga cholengedwa umene ukuonekera monga chomaliza mankhwala a
akhakula ndondomeko kumanga kwambiri wosakhwima, yokometsetsa thupi nthawi
zonse zatsopano ndi kukongoletsa, Bildnerin ndi zojambulajambula limodzi, ndipo
alibe ngakhale ali akapolo ku malo. Liwutamira pano ndithu abwino mu masamba
ufumu, ndipo si aakulu maziko lonse nyama?
Ngakhale mpweya sanangotchula izo; kwambiri mpweya wa mlengalenga
kumathandiza kuti kuyatsa nkhuni; chifukwa zimene chomera adayandikira ku
mizimu ya chilengedwe moyo akupita mu imfa ya mbewu monga moto mpweya
mmbuyo mu izo; koma kwa kukula kwa latsopano zomera, kuti rejuvenate mbewu
dziko. The lonse chomera afe koma kamodzi. Pankhani imeneyi, tikhoza kuthetsa
tanthauzo la imfa angelo zomera kwa anthu. Ife kujambula Imfa ndi scythe; iwo ndi
thupi ndi Zinthu ndi kalembedwe limodzi Mlengi, zowononga kwa munthu, koma
cha dziko lonse kukonzanso kutumikira.
Ndi mbewu ipeza kwa mpweya ndi mankhwala a Moto, izo ziyenera kumene
yemweyo pobwezera kuti izo. Anazipangira iwo kuti mpweya mpweya, uwu
kwambiri achinyengo, chifukwa mpweya monga mankhwala kupuma kapena moto

okha sangathenso kutumikira, polimbikitsa kupuma kapena moto ndi achilandira,

kani tikhale onse kumene mpweya ndi kwambiri mpweya woipa Lade. Tsopano
Komabe, zomera, chifukwa anachoka izi mpweya wake mpweya, izo kachiwiri
yofunika mpweya (mpweya) zapitazo, limene pachiyambi atumikira kupuma ndi
chisamba, ndi m'malo mwa kubwerera yemweyo izi ikhazikike ndi okonzekera
yokonza moyo ndi mlengalenga moto. Choncho, nyama ndi zomera zonse cholinga
chake misonkhano. Zomera inhales ndi carbonic asidi a, amene exhales nyama, ndipo
nyama amapuma mu mpweya, amene exhales mbewu; chomera amaola mpweya ndi
amasamalira olimba chuma, ndi mpweya izo mu kumanga thupi lake; nyama
zikugwirizana ndi mpweya ndi mpweya ndinu thupi ndi limapereka pawiri mu
mawonekedwe a mpweya kuti kutaya ndi ntchito mankhwala. Onse Komabe,
kuchereza moyo wa onse zofunika.
Ndipotu, izo nthawizonse zidzakhala zotheka udzanena kuti kotero, kuti munthu
akhoza kukhala ndi nkhuni, mtengo anali kukula ndi kubereka, choncho munthu
akhoza kukhala mkate, anayenera imayambirira kuphuka chimanga ndi kubala
zipatso, ndi kuti munthu wa nthawizonse koyera mpweya wopuma akanakhoza
kupeza, therere anali chobiriwira mu izo.Koma padzakhala nthawi zonse mofanana
n'zotheka chigamulocho ndi kunena kuti mtengo, tirigu, kukula therere, zobiriwira,
duwa, akhoza kubala zipatso, mwamuna ndi nyama anali kutulutsa fetereza ndi
mpweya wa mlengalenga, anali munthu nthawizonse wakale nkhuni
wotentha; ankayenera kuti anthu ndi nyama kotero kukula ndi kuyamwitsa okha, kuti
zonsezi moyo, ndipo anatha kupulumutsa kotero yoyenera ngakhale imfa oipa
mankhwala a mbewu. Chabwino izo ndithudi aliyense adzapeza kwambiri opusa
kwambiri amakhulupirira kuti zokongola ndi kukonza njira ya munthu ndi nyama
monga ngati awo zinyalala, umatuluka ndi chiwonongeko zomera bwanji; koma inu
simungakhoze kuwona kuti si monga wopusa kukhulupirira kuti zomera okongola ndi
kukongoletsa, aliyense anamanga chabe Choncho kuonetsetsa kuti zinyalala,
umatuluka ndi chiwonongeko cha mankhwala a nyumba yokongola imeneyi
Tikawonetsetsa kubwera ku nyama bwanji, makamaka mpaka kukafika Ambiri mwa
phindu kwake chiwonongeko mankhwala. Koma zoona ili ndi njira omwe
kawirikawiri tikhale okhutira. Mpesa pali kuti ife udzaphwanya ake mphesa; mtengo
kumeneko kuti ife kuwaza mu mitengo ndi malo mu uvuni, ndi kabichi chifukwa kuti
umeze iye mbozi ndipo ife kuphika izo. Kapena kodi tikufuna pa zokongoletsa
kuganiza kuti ife zomera ndi moyo, komabe ochuluka kwa kulemera? Zomera
kusangalala mulimonse ngakhale moyo mwa wobiriwira ndi ukufalikira diso la
munthu. Koma ndi angati zomera popanda tikusankha kwambiri munthu diso; ndi
pamaso munthu anabwera pa dziko lapansi ambiri zaka anali wamkulu ndi zomera
Padziko Lapansi, amene Green ndithu Munayamba palibe zokongoletsa m'ziwalo
koposa ndi phanga chimbalangondo. Ndi zinthu zinanso inu umo tizindikira watero
zomera kwa pulasitala matupi kapena manda opakidwa njeresa, ndi anasonyeza awo
omveka bwino maonekedwe kapena cholinga, kuti tikondwere ife mwa malaya
kwanu, pamene iye lonse nkhani za amene anadzipereka yekha ku
chiwonongeko? Njira imeneyi Zikuoneka choncho zokhumudwitsa kuti ine ndekha
kukusungani mbewu chifukwa soulless kuti ihrerwillen; Komanso timamva chisoni

kutali, kugwirizana, monga tinafotokozera nthawi zingapo.

Kodi munthu mwa kukulitsa, dziko lonse analibe chochita koma zimathandiza kuti
izi, kotero iye ali ndithu mwa njira zina ndithu. Koma Rose, Georgine, amene ku
yosakongola, yosavuta kutentha kwa wokongola zokongolazi duwa chikwi mitundu
wakula mu njira izi chikhalidwe, ali Mwinanso pomwe pamene iye ananena kuti
zonse ndi munthuyo anali uli awo Cultural kusanduka ndi zimayenda; popanda anthu
kumeneko konse zabwino chidzalo, kotero wolemera angabwere kusintha
iye; Munthu anayenera kukhala nawo kuti tikhale nawo. Ngakhale njere za kuthengo
zingakhale zoona pamene akuti zonse izo zakhala akufuna kutibweretsera ake
zabwino-analamula anthu makutu; munthu chabe anapanga-mmwamba
zachilengedwe chida kutsogolera pulawo, ndi kuyitanitsa kumunda kwake mtima,
kotero kuti ambiri amene makutu akanakhoza mosagwedera kuwapeza a m'derali
chabe danga. Inde si mwina munthuyo kachiwiri zofesedwa ndi kukokedwa ndi
apamwamba mizimu monga Georgina ndi hrenfeld; si imfa kulipira wa maluwa,
nkhondo ndikutchetcha munda?
Ine ndikuganiza izo ziri ndi anthu ndi nyama ndi zomera kanthu koma dzuwa, ndi
mwezi lapansi. Mwezi Zikuoneka kwambiri wamng'ono mu tanthauzo mapulaneti
kachitidwe, monga mbewu mu machitidwe athu padziko lapansi organic dziko. Koma
pa Moon maonekedwe, koma amaona dziko lapansi ndi dzuwa zokhudza mwezi,
amaona yekha pa likulu la zonse. Ngati mukufuna dzuwa, anati inu
mukulakwitsa; inu, ndi dziko lapansi, kutembenuka ine. Koma onsewo ndi
zolakwika, kapena chabwino, ngati inu mukufuna. Kwenikweni, aliyense
likuzungulira zina, malinga ngati wina akutenga maganizo chimodzi kapena
chimzake; Mtheradi pa maudindo koma imazungulira zochepa chidwi kwa ena
monga winayo, koma onse padziko wamba pakati yokoka, imene ikuimira
kuchotsedwa lonse dongosolo. Choncho, onse moyo chimazungulira Mulungu; koma
Mulungu yekha ankaimira wake gulu moyo ndi kuluka zonse zolengedwa
zake. Mmodzi cholinga si wopanda mphamvu wina ndi chimakakamiza onse akutali
a katundu.
Ambiri founds chikhulupiriro chake mwa zakale kupitiriza kwa munthu kuti
Mulungu ayenera kuti thupi la munthu chosamanga ndi zapadera luso ndi wokonzeka
ndi laling'ono mosalekeza kufunika, mwinanso mokomera wamuyaya
moyo;
lodabwitsa,
ngati inu mungakhoze kukhulupirira kuti inaimika mbewu thupi
Contribuu
a millorar la traducci
ndi kukhala osamala ndi kufunika mtima ngakhale palibe moyo.

Text original

XI. Zitsanzo teleology wa mbewu dziko.

The cutest imodzi ndi moyenera amaiwala kuti malo a nyama ndi zomera dziko
wina ndi mzake mmodzi ndiye amaganiza mapeto, kuganizira anali obgewaltet
anapatsidwa Mosakayikira chierengero teleological reciprocity pakati tizilombo ndi
zomera pa umuna bizinesi ya masika. 1) Ndani si kutopa kwa ife ndi
mwatsatanetsatane kutsatira, adzaona zotsatirazi chidwi chenicheni ndi ulemu
thereto. The kukambirana nkhaniyi zingakhale atangolowa zonse zanenedwa kale
m'nkhani yapita chigawo Komabe, amapereka komanso ena achilendo mbali
akuimira.

1)

ndalama. makamaka pankhani imeneyi: Conrad Sprengel, anapeza chinsinsi

cha chikhalidwe yomanga ndi umuna wa maluwa. Berlin 1793rd

Iwo anati kuti Moyo wa zomera umuna n'chakuti mungu (mungu) kuchokera
anthers (anthers), amase- mapeto mbali ya stamens (filaments), pa manyazi
(manyazi), amase- mapeto mbali ya pistil gelange. The anthers amagwira koma
nthawi mtunda wina kwa chilonda, 2) Anapezanso ena zomera akadali kutenga
zochitika zapadera zimene kukhale kovuta kusamutsa maluwa fumbi pa
chilonda. Kuti adzabweretsa koma anamaliza, tsopano chikhalidwe watenga
zobwezedwa zachilendo zochitika, Pakati kukhazikitsidwa kwa lokoma moyo ambiri
tizilombo kumathandiza kwambiri. Kulikonse kumene insemination malonda ndi
mbewu yokha pamaziko a zomangamanga ndi malo a ziwalo sakanakhoza
kuchitidwa bwino, tizilombo ndi okonzeka kupatsa anthu osakhalitsa thandizo, ndi
kupereka mwa kayendedwe mu maluwa kulanda dothi stamens kuti manyazi , Sikuti
njuchi ndi agulugufe, ambiri kafadala (kuchokera genera Cetonia, Elater,
Chrysomela, Curculio ena), kafadala ndi lacewings theka nawo kuno.
2)

Ambiri mwa zimenezi zikugwira ntchito kwa otchedwa monoecious

(monoecious zomera) ndi dioecious (dioecious zomera), malinga stamens ndi
NYENJE pano zosiyanasiyana (wachibale mwamuna ndi mkazi) maluwa
zina. Kusiyana pakati pa mabodza awiri mu chakuti mwamuna ndi mkazi
maluwa pa chomera zili pa onse, ndi dioecious ndi monoecious osiyanasiyana
zomera. The monoecious yapakati alia monga chimanga, vwende, dzungu,
Kasitolo, larch, Hazel, etc. ndi dioecious sipinachi, hemp, Bingelkraut,
mlombwa etc.

Ambiri maluwa mitundu ingapo B. thandizo tizilombo kwa umuna, chifukwa mu

mthunzi maluwa, euphorbias. ambiri koma kokha ngati tizilombo amachita ntchito
iyi, "chifukwa" mmene Conr. Sprengel akufotokoza, "otsala mwina kwambiri wopusa
kudziwa kumene madzi ndi zobisika, ndi momwe iwo akhoza kufika pa yemweyo,
kapena ngati akudziwa izo, mwina waukulu kwambiri kukwawa mu maluwa
mungathe, kapena chochepa kuti muyenera kukwawira mwa pamene wokhudza
anthers ndi manyazi. " Choncho, malinga SprengelNigella arvensis chabe ukala ndi
njuchi, Iris xiphium Mosiyana chabe mwa bumblebees, onse pa kwambiri inayake amatchedwa Pennsylvania limapangitsa ochepa ngati mbalame ija yotchedwa
hummingbird, Hummel Mbalame, chifukwa chonde kwa ena mbewu yomweyo
kutumikira. Tizilombo ndi wokula ndi timadzi tokoma wa maluwa, amene machubu
iye limalephera yaitali ndi lakuthwa mulomo kwambiri, kumene ntchentche
kuchokera maluwa wina uliwonse tsopano ndiye. (Kalm, kukhwima mu d. Nrdl.
America II. 354.)
Panthawi zotsatirazi tsopano kuchita chachirendo pokamba chaichi
kukwaniritsidwa mu wina ndi mzake.

Kuti chifukwa tizilombo maulendo, uchi umenewu muli (madzi chidebe, nectaries)
akuwonjezeka; mulinso ndi tizilombo, ngati njuchi, Mwachibadwa kusonkhanitsa
mungu lokha.Maluwa ndiye basi thukuta kwambiri uchi madzi ngati stamens ndi
zipsera kwa kubereketsa zomera malonda chokwanira monga Schkuhr (Handb. II. 84)
mu Tropaeolum, Delphinium, Helleborus ndi L. Ch. Treviranus (Physiol. II. 390)
pa Anemone , Chrysosplenium ndi Saxifraga kuti mwapadera anati. Uchi madzi
angapezeke ambiri mu kuya, ambiri chobisika malo a maluwa, kotero kuti tizilombo
sangathe iye popanda paulimi ndi kuswa olimbikitsa umuna mbali ndi kubweretsa
mungu kwa manyazi. Kudzera yaing'ono tsitsi la abwino udindo, nectaries zambiri
kutetezedwa ku mvula choncho dilution awo madzi popanda koma tsitsi tizilombo
kutsekereza pakhomo. A povutirapo kapangidwe kapena filamentous kapangidwe
maluwa fumbi amakonda kwambiri zake annexes kuti thupi la tizilombo. Koma
zimapezeka amoyo pa maluwa tizilombo kulikonse kaya furry odula lonse thupi
kapena brushy Frespitzen, burashi ngati kapena burashi ngati tuft tsitsi pa mapazi,
kapena yachilendo gulu la mbali zina, cholinga kuti amavula mungu
mosavuta. Taganizirani. Mwachitsanzo, waubweya wandiweyani thupi la njuchi ndi
bumble njuchi ndi zina njuchi ngati tizilombo ndiponso vehemence zimene
kusunthira mu maluwa. Pamene nymphs pakati Tagschmetterlingen amene amabwera
pa oftenest maluwa, koma kukhala pa iwo yaitali, mudzakhala inu ophunzitsidwa
forefeet burashi woboola pakati kuyeretsa paws amene zodziwikiratu kayendedwe,
pamene Gulugufe amakhala pa maluwa, mosavuta ali bwino kuti waubweya pa
chifuwa kuyeretsa kuchokera atapachikidwa wosatha mungu kuti imagwera pa
maluwa. Osati popanda cholinga ndi chakuti Aristotle taonera kale ndipo kenako
kudzaonerera zimatsimikizira kuti njuchi ambiri kukaona mtundu umodzi wokha
maluwa awo amagulu owona (msgs ndi kk schles Gesellsch 1823. 174th ..); kumene
mungu mosavuta ngakhale kuti akalandire pakati osiyana, koma m'pofunika kuti
cholinga cha umuna, ofanana zomera.
Monga wothandiza akhoza kutchulidwa kuti chakumapeto kupeza Woyamba
ntchito ndi achilendo mtundu, mwina komanso fungo la maluwa ndi anayamba
nkhope chiwalo cha tizilombo. Nthawi zambiri njira nectaries kapena yotsimikizika
colorations (madzi zina) kwa pamakhala monga momwe zikwangwani ophunzitsidwa
anasonyeza. Ngakhale nkomwe ine ndikuganiza kuti mfundo imeneyi ndi ena ambiri
kwambiri kupanikizika pamene Conr. Sprengel amamangirira wake anapeza chinsinsi
cha chibadwa, koma uli ndi chifaniziro cha phunziro chifukwa cha chikondi chimene
Iye pakati izo, chidwi chawo.
Iye akunena za zotsatirazi (p 15 akulemba): "Pamene tizilombo, ankakopa ndi
kukongola kwa Korona kapena ndi zosangalatsa fungo la maluwa, likulira
chomwecho, choncho mwina madzi yomweyo amadziwa kapena ayi, chifukwa ili ku
malo obisika. Zikatero izo chichokera mu chikhalidwe tokoma kalozera wakuti
athandize. Izi tichipeza chimodzi kapena zingapo mawanga, mizere, Dpfeln
pamwamba ziphiphiritso mumtundu kuposa Korona ali konse, ndi chifukwa waima
motsutsana mtundu korona ofooka kapena amphamvu ochokera. Iwo nthawi zonse,
kumene tizilombo ayenera kukwawa, ngati iwo amafuna kuti afike ku madzi. upeza
maluwa wokhazikika, kusakhazikika ndi kusakhazikika timadzi tokoma bukhuli.

Pamene madzi chidebe ku kutsegula imene kukwawa tizilombo, chikutha, ndiye

atamukoka tokoma kalozera anayamba pamaso kutsegula therethrough kuti madzi
zopalira, motero amatumikira tizilombo bwino. Ali duwa angapo paulimi madzi
zopalira, anthu onse amene Saftmler. Ngati duwa ali ndi madzi chofukizira, amene
mphete anaimirira mozungulira n'kuwasanganiza, kapena ndithu mmodzi yekha,
koma chimene mu mawonekedwe a mphete azinga n'kuwasanganiza, ndi madzi
tizilombo sangathe kudya mosiyana ngati zimayendera pozungulira mu mabwalo
padziko chimodzimodzi ndi Zikuluzikulu zambiri mu izo; kotero tokoma kalozera ali
annular mawonekedwe, ndipo atsogolera tizilombo kuzungulira mabwalo. "
"Pa nthawi ya madzi nthawi ndiyenera kulankhula za zosiyanasiyana kuyamwa
maluwa, limene lagona pa nthawi imene patsogolo. Monga momwe pali tizilombo
piringupiringu chabe ndi tsiku, ndi amene kugwira yekha usiku, chakudya, komanso
Palinso usana ndi usiku maluwa maluwa. "
"Tsiku maluwa awononge mmawa. Ambiri ofanana pafupi ya madzulo, kapena
kuchepetsa, pamene iwo anaima nji pa tsiku kapena ndi kusintha kwina pamaso
pawo, kuchokera amene tinganene kuti cholinga okha tsiku tizilombo. Ena pafupi pa
usiku woyamba ndi lotsatira sanatsegule kachiwiri, kotero imayambirira kuphuka
kwa tsiku limodzi lokha, koma ambiri pachimake masiku angapo ".
"Tsiku maluwa adakonzeka ndi timadzi tokoma bukhuli, ngakhale kuti onse."
"Usiku maluwa yopuma madzulo Pamene masiku ambiri atsekedwa ndi yemweyo,
kapena lopuwala ndi unsightly, amene zikuonekeratu kuti iwo anafuna kuti tsiku
tizilombo ena pachimake angapo; .. wamba madzulo Primrose (Oenothera biennis)
limamasula mausiku awiri."
"Usiku maluwa ndi lalikulu ndi kowala wachikuda korona, kotero iwo kugwera mu
usiku tizilombo m'maso. Kodi nduwira yake unsightly, izi deficiencies adzakhala
m'malo ndi amphamvu kununkhiza. A timadzi tokoma kalozera Komabe, sichichitika
nawo. Pakuti ngati z. B. woyera korona usiku maluwa ndi timadzi tokoma kalozera
ndi mnzake, komanso yowala mtundu, zimenezo yemweyo ayi n'zakuti mu usiku
motsutsana mtundu wa korona, motero ake ntchito. Anali iye koma mdima akuda
timadzi tokoma bukhuli, kotero izo sizikanagwira kugwera mu diso, chotero kukhala
opanda ntchito monga choncho. "
Pafupifupi comically zilizonse mayeso, zimene wolemba za cholinga Maofesi
zikuoneka Nigella arvensis ndi lokha inaitanitsa (S, 285 f. Siginecha), kumene
akufuna kumasulira mbali zochepetsetsa teleological. Iye akufunsa, yapakati alia,
"N'chifukwa chiyani potsiriza duwa basi wamkulu monga iye ali, osati zambiri, osati
zochepa?" Yankhani :. "Chifukwa chikhalidwe adafuna kuti tiyenera chabe ukala ndi
njuchi Choncho, ngati mmene zinalili kutenga muyeso womwewo m'thupi la njuchi
Anali duwa awiri kawiri lalikulu, wakuti anaima anthers ndi stigmata kawiri monga
mkulu, ndi njuchi anali kuthamanga pozungulira pansi chomwecho, popanda
wokhudza. akadakhala theka kukula, komanso anthers ndi stigmata anaima theka
mkulu, ndi njuchi sakanati kukhudza yabwino chikhalidwe. Mu nthawi zonsezi
Choncho umuna n'zosatheka kapena kwambiri zosasangalatsa. basi wamkulu duwa
anali kukhala kuti, ngakhale Njuchi zikhoza pafupifupi, koma ndithu momasuka

kuyendayenda pakati pa anthers ndi stigmata. chikhalidwe maluwa kuti anasankha

yekha kuti njuchi ndi kuwalola iwo chabe feteleza wa iwo, zambiri. ndakhala
hinbegeben ku munda ku zomera chimalimba bwino nyengo, koma tizilombo tina pa
maluwa amaziona ngati njuchi. "
"Stapelia hirsuta" iye anati p.148, "stinks chabe kuti mahule, kuti nyama ndi Luder
kuuluka, kumene fungo limeneli ndi wokoma kwambiri, pafupifupi kufanana ndi
manyowa. Njuchi ndi bumblebees ali yemweyo ayi pitani ndithu chifukwa chakuti
fungo Ndikunyasidwa. "
Pano pali ena mwa kutchula zokhudza anatengedwa pa malo nectaries cholinga
tiganizira ndi Reichenbach a kapepala pa kusamala dziko (p.27):
"Taonani Honiggrbchen ndi uchi mamba mosavuta anapanga mu buttercup,
maluwa ndi lotseguka kufalikira, ndi kulowa kwa tizilombo n'kosavuta; basi maenje
okha kwambiri m'munsi mwa masamba a maluwa, kumene stamens za iwo .
hinbeugen ndi buttercup ndi tizilombo zimadalira ku Dipatimenti ya kachilomboka
ndi theka mapiko-coverts; zing'onozing'ono Staphylinen, Anthophagen, Omalien,
komanso zing'onozing'ono agulugufe kuti pali, ku banja la njenjete, golide glossy
kophoren ndi zazikulu ang'onoang'ono Adelen Ngakhale yaing'ono. afunefune ndi
Honiggrbchen, atamva stamens mu mlengalenga, kotero kuti anthers wokhudza
wotambasula pakati zipsera, momwe iwo kukhala maluwa pamene atseka, ndiyeno
kukhala mwachindunji anthers ndi zipsera, nthawi zambiri Nthawi zambiri, kuti iwo
udzadzaza dziko lonse maluwa. The umbellifers ndi Nektarien glandular chikhalidwe,
si obisika kunama, ndi maluwa anayikidwa mu ndege, kotero kuti kuyambira
amtengo zankhaninkhani ambiri akhoza kukhudzidwa imodzi, kotero mudzapeza
pano ngakhale zikuluzikulu tizilombo langfige Lepturen, njuchi ndi waubweya
thupi ndi kafadala njuchi chimodzimodzi anapanga, amene, pa thupi lonse yemweyo
waubweya burashi, kuti yaikulu ndi umbel maluwa kuchita pa nthawi
yomweyo; Choncho, maluwa ang'ono timapepala ta atagona mosabisa, zipsera ndi
anther koma yaitali ndi protrude pamwamba.Kumene nectaries ndi koma obisika,
komanso pomanga maluwa ndi yoyenera tizilombo thupi lake ndi kulowa
nawo. Mlomo maluwa ndi tubular maluwa awo uchi muli komanso kwambiri
kwenikweni, m'munsi mwa ake chubu, ndi stamens pansi pa mumtima linga lake,
ndipo anthers kubwera kwa pompo, kumene lakamba zambiri chubu, ndipo motero
n'zotheka kuti makamaka kutsogolo mbali ya thupi lawo waubweya tizilombo ndi
lilime lake wokhudza nectaries, pamene iye ubweya yokutidwa brisket mbewu fumbi
n'kupanga wa anthers, ndipo limaphunzitsa zokwawa pa nkhaniyi kenako anafunsa
manyazi. Mwa njira imeneyi n'zothekanso kuti ngakhale Bombylien amene amapita
mitundu ya maluwa, primroses, Pulmonarien, ghouls ndi monga, pamene kutsogolo
kwa maluwa akuyandama popanda kuika pa iwo, uchi akuyamwitsa onyamula
copulation. "
Ngakhale, monga kwina ndi chizolowezi chikhalidwe, m'malo modalira ndi
wothandizila yekha, ndi kukhala pakati angapo njira yomweyo mapeto okha tsopano
lino posachedwapa amachuluka kuti, umuna ndi ambiri zomera popanda thandizo la
tizilombo pambuyo ena zikutanthauza zotheka; koma chithandizo lipindulitsa

kulikonse, ndi ena, kumene ndendende kutsimikizira aikidwa pa izi zikutanthauza

kwenikweni kwambiri. Choncho ena achilendo maluwa kukhala unfertilized nafe,
pakuti kuchokera kum'mwera kwa dziko lapansi, ndipo tsopano nthawi yawo wa
maluwa, chathu yozizira nthawi, komabe kutsatira wathu greenhouses, pamene
sipadzakhala tizilombo, zomwe zimathandiza ake kubereketsa zomera
ndikanathera. Ena ukala mu dziko lawo ndi tizilombo, zomwe si m'dziko lathu
okhala. (E. Sprengel, EntD. Pita. 44.) Ngakhale ndi zakwawoko zomera mukhoza
pano kupanga lolingana kuzipenya. Choncho modziwika tcheru olimawo kuti si
mwina kuyamba mu vwende ndi nkhaka mabedi, amene amaonedwa chatsekedwa,
zipatso, chifukwa tizilombo ikuchitikira ndi katundu mungu simungakhoze kupeza
okha pa manyazi. Ngakhale ndi Iris mitundu Malvazeen,
mkuluyo (Sambucus), violets (Viola fungo (.), The mistletoe augustumAbroma), ndi
Osterluzei mitundu (Aristol. Clem. Ndipo Sipho) anayenera chinachitika umuna
kokha ndi thandizo la tizilombo. (Klreuter, Vorluf. Msg. 21 32. Chachiwiri linga.
70.) Makamaka Komabe, Asklepiadeen ndi maluwa panopa ankayembekezera.
Ine nawo kuno pa kutsatira mfundo za Schleiden: "Makamaka akuluakulu awiri
chomera mabanja, ndi Asklepiadeen, amene ali wa Suriya milkweed, ndi maluwa kuti
kukometsera chomwecho mapeto awo zazikulu, agulugufe ndipo whimsical
anamanga tizilombo maluwa ndi chinyezi mthunzi wa mitengo m'nkhalango - mu
magulu awiri a zomera makamaka zikusonyeza zikuluzikulu phukusi la tizilombo wa
pochulukitsa zomera. Pakuti iwo, umuna lililonse fumbi chikwama glued pamodzi
ndi mmodzi wa mbalame laimu ngati mankhwala mu misa ndi wopachikidwa tokoma
ofunafuna tizilombo kotero mwamphamvu kuti musataye iye angathe. Uchi muli ndi
wokwera m'njira mu maluwa kuti tizilombo, kuti amange chomwecho, m'pofunika
kwambiri ayenera amayendayenda kale chilonda, ndiyeno mungu wabweretsedwa
kwawo. Nthawi zambiri mukuonera pa silika Bzalani Flying ingayambe za omwe
ambiri otero Lobe zooneka ngati mungu mosalekeza Ufumuyo miyendo, ndi
m'madera ena njuchi makolo yachilendo matenda awo mwakhama zolengedwa kuti
Lobe matenda lili mu kanthu ena kuposa ambiri mungu khwimbi la maluwa pa
mphumi ya njuchi kuti zikumangidwa kuti zouluka zosatheka ndi iwo za izo
zachokera. (Schleiden, mbewu. 70.)
Nthawi zina maluwa, ndondomeko anapanga ngakhale makamaka chidwi
chikhalidwe; pamene Osterluzei (Aristolochia Clematis). Apa pali maluwa ndi
bulbous pansi, chapamwamba kulu poyamba kwambiri, chitsutsana ndi yosamveka
lilime woboola pakati m'mphepete mwa estuary kuti kachiwiri zina chubu limene ndi
lotseguka pamaso umuna mkati ndi tsitsi, zomwe akuuzidwa kunsi. The anthers
kukhala popanda stamens pansi pa n'kuwasanganiza, ndi silikadakhala a iwo
chilichonse mbewu za fumbi kubwera ku manyazi.Pambuyo Conr. Sprengel
kukwawa koma kamodzi duwa watsegula, ang'onoang'ono ntchentche zoluma ndi
feathery tinyanga (Tipula pennicorais) mu maluwa chubu; ndi kunsi tsitsi ntchito iwo
kupanga kubwerera ulendo. Choncho abale kuzungulira bulbous mbali chubu mpaka
ali ndi tinyanga feathery potero anavula mbewu dothi anthers ndipo anaikidwa pa
manyazi. Nthawi zambiri iwo amaoneka kuti ndithu ufa, ngati inu kudula maluwa
nthawi. Mwamsanga pamene umuna zichitike, kumvetsera injini ya madzi motsutsa

Corolla pa, ziume tsitsi ndi kuguluka, ndipo pang'ono ntchentche taomboledwa zawo
m'ndende.
Iwo kuganizira kwambiri iyi; mukhoza kwenikweni kuti wozindikira zolengedwa
akugwidwa pano mokomera opusa motalika m'ndende kukhala mpaka anatumizidwa
cholinga cha mtsogolo?
Mu mtundu Eupomatia onse kugwirizana anthers ndi manyazi mumtima mwa
wosabereka maluwa ngati stamens ndi repealed, koma opangidwa ndi tizilombo
zimene zimawononga anthu kuti wangwiro stamens koma sinamuvulaze. (R. Brown,
Verm, Bot. Schr. I. 140.)
Mkati mwa kukwiya stamens wa Berberis N'zodziika masamu kuti stamens
chifukwa cha kukhudzana tizilombo kapena ngati. Kusamukira munsi. Mwa njira ina,
ndiye komanso mosavuta ndi tizilombo kulimbikitsa nzothandiza wa kayendedwe ka
Genitaliensule Stylidium kapena cholembera kwa Goldfussia zolinga (onani zithunzi
pamwambapa). Mu Stylidium ndi wokwera Genitaliensule anthers kuchotsedwa mu
mkhalidwe kukhwima kwa chilonda, m'malo kum'fikira iye, ndipo tsanulirani mungu
ena tsitsi kuti kukula mochuluka pamwamba pa ndime, koma M'munsi akuyesechikhalidwe cha ndime pansi chilonda ali. Tsopano kudya ndime ndi wokhudza
tizilombo kapena ngati. Mu msinkhu, choncho osati kokha motere, fumbi mosavuta
ukaponyedwe kunja tsitsi pa chilonda, koma tsitsi kenako mu yabwino udindo,
umuna kuchokera pamwamba pa chilonda kusiya. (Morren mu Mem. De l'acad. De
Brux. 1838.) Mu Goldfussia kayendedwe ka cholembera amagwiritsidwa ntchito
chilonda ndi ubweya wa corolla azikumana, limene umuna wa anthers kuti manyazi
ziletso pa lokha akumane Zambezi mwina palokha, wabweretsedwa mwina ndi
tizilombo. Morren zambiri anaona yaing'ono nyerere amenewo maluwa kudutsa,
kubweretsa mungu kwa tsitsi ndi kayendedwe ka cholembera chifukwa (ebendas.
1839. p.17). Ubale wa nzothandiza kayendedwe zachiwerewere ntchito zimaonekera
awiri zomera makamaka n'zoonekeratu kuti irritability yekha pa nthawi yomweyo.
A ofanana kufanana zomera ndi nyama yawo mwagwirizana ubale teleological
timapeza achilendo zinchito Maofesi mbewu kachiwiri. Makonzedwe anapangidwa
imeneyi posungitsa ndi kubereka za zomera ndithu komanso nyama. Mfundo lokha
kuti nyama pa dzanja limodzi aonekera ngati thandizo, Komano komanso mmene
thandizo, womwe adzasiya ngakhale pa zochitika zina, yobereka njira za zomera ku
play, anatchulapo wodziimira kufunika kwa ndondomeko zomera. Pakati angapo
kudzera kukakomana ndi cholinga, ndi nyama kokha nalonso. Ndi njira zina kwa
cholinga chomwecho si anakonza akugwiritsa zochepa mwina monga kuthandizidwa
ndi tizilombo. Koma zonse izi zikanati pa khalidwe la chopanda kanthu gimmick,
ngati inu mumafuna mbewu Mlengi ina tanthauzo kutumikira monga yekha
yachilendo zolinga.
Ngakhale wina anganene kuti: izo sakhala koma Mulimonsemo chopanda
gimmick? Si chirichonse chimene ife timachitcha ili yabwino, koma kwenikweni
theka kusintha kwa wonse anachitazi kuti anayenera kukhala wamkulu, malinga
knstlicherer zikutanthauza kuti anafunika kuthetsa? Kodi sichikanakhala chophweka
ndi umo tizindikira kwambiri yoyenera, malinga kubereketsa zomera la manyazi a

pistil manyowa zofunika kuchoka mungu molunjika kwa chilonda kapena

mwachindunji kukula pafupi m'malo kudzamtsitsa kupatukana anthers ndipo nthawi
zambiri mavuto a HIV kudziunjikira, kuti ndiye anafunika yekha wapadera othandiza
kuwalowetsa kuli komabe?
Amene amalankhula chomwecho, akutsimikizira kuti ali mwamtheradi maganizo a
teleology zachilengedwe bwino pakati. Full bwino munganene kotero, izo
sizikanakhala zovuta kwambiri yabwino umo tizindikira kuti akhala tikukula maapulo
mkamwa mwake chikhalidwe ndikanathera, mmalo kuti iwo okha anatipatsa manja,
iwo motalika kutali; kapena ife nyumba adakhala wokonzeka, osati kuti atipatse
mphamvu ndi nzeru kuti amange iwo tokha? N'chifukwa chiyani tiyeni konse kuchita
chilichonse anasiya yokha? Yankho lake, chifukwa chakuti chilakolako ndi
Funafunani chimenenso si anaponyedwa ife pafupifupi yomalizidwa, ndi moyo wathu
akufotokoza amamvera komanso kuyesetsa ndi ayenera kunena;ndipo ambiri muli,
kodi tiyenera kukhala popanda akadali nacho icho, njira zambiri mtima ndi
chiyembekezo cha moyo nzotheka. Kudzera inaona ndipo iwo okha kulandira
zobwezedwa njira, omwe ntchito chikhalidwe kuika cholinga cha umuna zomera ku
mtunda koma kuti Zimapezeka wapakatikati zotsatira, wololera kutanthauzira; koma
ali imodzi herewith kutsimikizira kuti ntchito ya moyo zomera; chifukwa si moyo
zomera ntchito, kotero mu chakuti kusuntha ndiyeno koma yokumba kufika
kukwaniritsidwa kwa cholinga popanda tanthauzo ndi kuopsa; koma iwo Tero ina
mtundu wa kusintha kosangalatsa ndipo wakale positi kupeza cholinga
Ikufotokozanso ina mwake ayenera ndi mzake Spiet a wokhutira moyo.
Pakuti ambiri mfundo, zitsanzo zotsatirazi adzakhala akuti; amene ndithu sangathe
ayenera kuti tanthauzo tikhoza mwachindunji yemweyo tsatanetsatane kwa
zamatsenga mu payekha.
Ambiri, timaona kuti pa zochitika zina mbewu zambiri kungokhala chete maganizo
pa kukwaniritsidwa kwa cholinga, mwa ena, zimafunika kwambiri basi; Mofananamo
kukwaniritsa zofuna za anthu mwayi ndi luso osiyanasiyana kufanana ndi
cholowa. Mwamwayi zikuphatikizapo mwamwayi; Koma mwamwayi mvula bwino
pa chilichonse yokolola.
Mphepo ndi yokoka ali n'komwe m'njira kuti ali ndi chilonda kuponya mungu. The
bwino akhoza anasowa zina; koma ngati si onse mungu umalandira manyazi,
choncho ake panopa amenewa kukhutira kuti imeneyi ndi Sikuti, ndithu kukhala
mosiyana ndi cholinga lokha.
Pa hibiscus trionum Klreuter anayesedwa 4863 mungu mbewu duwa, amene
mokwanira mu nthawi yabwino ya chaka 50 60 kwa umuna. Pamene mirabilis
Jalappa anali ndi onse 5 anthers mungu mbewu 293 mu M. longiflora 321; koma
nthawi zonsezi anali wangwiro insemination 2 3 mbewu mungu mokwanira.
Zotsatira yokoka angapezeke akagwiritsa otsatirawa unsembe. Pamene owongoka
maluwa ndi pistil zambiri waufupi mu atapachikidwa maluwa Mosiyana motalika
poyerekezera ndi stamens, ndi anthers mungu mu kwambiri monga kutsanulira
chilonda ina pamwamba pa (ngati n'koyenera, pang'ono apangidwe). Pamene kuli
nthawizonse; koma anatsatira chikhalidwe ngati chibwenzi. Wokongola bwanji,

yapakati alia, ndi Aloearten a chomera, kumene pistil mutuluka kupitirira stamens,
ntchito imeneyi wothandizira. Kwa iwo, maluwa ndi pamaso maluwa kuti pambuyo
nkhata mu mlengalenga, koma basi atapachikidwa pa nthawi ya
umuna. N'chimodzimodzinso kupezeka pa Asperifolien mmene Cerinthe, Borago,
Symphytum, Onosma, Pulmonaria, ambiri Liliazeen, z. B. Galanthus,
Erythronium, Lilium, Hemerocallis, Fritillaria, Convallaria, yapakati alia,
Ali yemweyo kutanthauza kuti pamene kangati ku monoecious zomera, aamuna
Maluwa pa chapamwamba mapeto a khutu, monga. Mwachitsanzo, mu
mtundu Arum, kapena mwamuna spikes (catkins) zili pamwamba pa mkazi monga
sedges (Carex), cattail (Typha), etc.
Kuti mphepo pa insemination malonda amatenga chidwi, inu simukaikira, ngati
wina wokumbukira mmene zambiri mungu apitirira mu kwakukulu zedi, kenako
precipitates mwadzidzidzi mvula mu otchedwa sulfure mvula. Ambiri zomera, kufala
ndi mphepo kapena tizilombo sizivuta chifukwa maluwa anasonkhana Msamariya
kuti duwa mutu, ndi makutu a chimanga kapena umbel ali. Choncho pita kwambiri
mungu atayika.
Maluwa cornfields Tingaone m'mawa pamene wofatsa mphepo ikuwomba,
wokutidwa ndi woonda nkhungu, amase-, kuchititsa mungu wa lotseguka maluwa,
amene, lotengeka ndi kumenyedwa ndi ngala ake muli zodabwitsazi. Komanso tcheru
alimi ndikufuna kuti anazindikira kuti mbewu si zipatso zambiri amamangirira,
yopanda mokulira mbewu, ngati pachimake kukakambirana Mphepo iwomba. Pines,
Taxbume, mlombwa ndi Hazel, popula, msondodzi, pamene akuvutika ndi duwalo
mphaka, logwedezeka kapena anasamukira ndi mphepo, ndi kudzaza mpweya ndi
mtambo fumbi, amene amasunga mmwamba pang'ono mphepo. Kwambiri ndi
thandizo la mphepo monoecious ndipo ngakhale ali (kwambiri pa) dioecious, ndi awo
akale, monga tanenera, aamuna mbali ya mkazi payokha pa chomera, chakumapeto
pa zomera zosiyanasiyana ili. Mu umodzi wa Treviranus ndi Mercurialis
perennis antchito zatsopano unakhazikitsidwa zipatso pamene akazi anali 220 sitepe
ya mwamuna kutali ndi Komanso ankasiyana nyumba ndi tchire la iwo; Komabe,
zinachitikadi, pamene chapatali ndithu 30 okha mapazi. (Monga kuonera Jussieu
awiri pistachio mitengo.) Mu zatsopano za Spallanzani onse thumba losunga mazira a
anali Mercurialis annua ukala pamene mkazi chomera ili pafupi ndi mwamuna anali
wandiweyani, kupatula ngati iko kunali kwa iye, osati pa mtunda wautali
( Treviranus, Phys. II. 391. 393).
Ndipo mphepo inathandizapo amafotokozera mu umuna, analola kumbukirani ngati
si madzi yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chikhalidwe kutero. Ndipo Ndipotu,
ngakhale ntchito madzi amanyamula makamaka mavuto, imene ife kulankhula za
mtsogolo, koma chikhalire izo amatha kuiwala zina; ndipo pamene ife tikuwona
mu Ambrosinia mvula umuna ntchito ndi spathe kudzazidwa, umuna opangidwa
m'munsimu chilonda pa msinkhu zikutipatsa; pa Vallisneria koma madzi amene
chomera limakula, kugwira wamkazi, mwamuna ziwalo.Tikuona kuti zotsatira za
madzi watengedwa pamwamba ndi m'munsi mwa ofukula ndi yopingasa malangizo
kumaliza. The ntchito mu Vallis amapereka mwinamwake chidwi ubale zimene

zimenezi n'kothandiza kwambiri kudziwa.

"The spathe wa Ambrosinia. Lakonzedwa ngalawa zooneka ndi amasambira pa
madzi ndi pisitoni, mapiko woboola pakati ZOWONJEZERA ndi adherent kwa spathe
ndi kabowo, ndi spathe ndi unagawanika n'kukhala ndi wapamwamba otsika danga
zimene mabungwe ang'onoang'ono ali yekha anthers, ku maiko limodzi
n'kuwasanganiza. Ufa sangafikire mwinamwake chilonda tsopano pamene mvula kuti
m'munsi ndi cham'mwamba amadzaza theka, umene ndi kuyandama mungu
adzafikira mlingo wa pachilondacho wayamba kuoneka ndipo zimenezi kungachititse
machubu. " (Schleiden, Grundz. II. 450.)
The Vallis ndi kukula mu Magombe ndi ngalande ya kum'mwera Europe madzi
chomera ndi osiyana kugonana (Dizist), amene amakhala ndi kugwiritsa ntchito
mizu anakonza pansi pansi pa madzi. Mu akazi duwa idzaphuka atakhala pa yaitali,
mu unyamata youmba mapesi, koma pambuyo pake amatambasula, kuti maluwa
zikuchitika padziko madzi, ndi zina umuna mwa madzi pati. Pambuyo chinachitika
umuna ake tsinde adzafupikitsidwa kachiwiri, ndi kuwayika ake wononga ulusi
mwatsopano mzake. Mwa njira imeneyi, achinyamata zipatso kuwapatsanso pansi pa
madzi ndi umabweretsa mbewu ku kukhwima kumeneko.
Khalidwe la mwamuna chomera pa umuna wa Vallisneria wachita kale anamanga
penapake fairytale, ndipo inu nokha zinthu zoimira aposachedwapa mabuku
mobwerezabwereza."Maluwa a mwamuna chomera, iwo amati, ali malinga ngati
kukula, anapitiriza pa yochepa mapesi pansi pa madzi; pa kukhwima koma koma
ngakhale kutali ndi mapesi, tiwolokere padziko madzi mmwamba, kungopitirira inu
Muolowetsa apo ndi mungu wamkazi maluwa, amasangalatsa kumeneko,
"(Autenrieth Afilipi. 254.) Iwo ankanena ngakhale kuti kulekana kwa mwamuna
maluwa kuchokera zimayambira ndi chiwawa kuyenda bwino (Goethe a Ges. Werke .
Vol. 55. tsa 129). Malinga ndi kafukufuku wa posachedwapa wa curators pa botanic
munda pa Mantua, Paolo Barbieri, koma kwenikweni khalidwe la otsatirawa: aamuna
munthu ali molunjika ausstrebenden kutsinde amene, kamodzi akafika pamwamba pa
madzi, pa pachimake ndi vierbltterige (mwina dreibltterige) spathe mitundu, imene
mwamuna Ziwalo zoberekera (stamens) Khalani zaikidwa conical botolo. Ndi
plunger ndi Ziwalo zoberekera kukula, nyini amakhala osakwanira kwa uzikuta
inu; Choncho lagawidwa m'magulu anayi, ndipo Ziwalo zoberekera, masauzande a
pisitoni peels, kufalitsa kuyandama pa madzi, akuyang'ana ngati siliva woyera flakes,
"amene amafunafuna wamkazi munthu kulankhula ndi kuyesetsa". Koma kuuka kwa
pansi pa madzi ndi kasupe mphamvu zake mwauzimu tsinde zatha, kenako padziko
zitatu mbali korona, mmene imodzi amaona atatu zipsera. The akuyandama pamadzi
flakes kuwaza awo Staminalstaub otsutsa anthu stigmas ndi manyowa; zimenezi,
ndiye mwauzimu phesi la mkazi retracts pansi pa madzi, kumene tsopano mbewu, ali
ndi cylindrical kapisozi, kupita ku amalire kukhwima. (Goethe a Ges. Werke. Vol. 55,
S, 127.) The anakonza "khama n'kumayesetsa" amuna mbali mogwirizana ndi mkazi
maluwa mmbuyo afuna ankakwana bwino ili mwa malingaliro a amatsata. Ine
sindikuganiza kuti muyenera zachilengedwe mawu a moyo wa mbewu zuzudichten
chinachake kuzindikira moyo ananena za iye.

Ngakhale Serpicula verticillata L., mmodzi kunachitika madzi a East Indies

zomera ndi osiyana amuna ndi akazi, kumasula amuna maluwa pamene akutha
pafupi, kuchokera ku maluwa waikamo ndi kusambira ndi mkazi, pamene nsonga
apangidwe-mmbuyo chalices ndipo pamakhala kupumula. (Roxb. Corom. II. 34. T,
164.)
Yokha adzitengapo mbali ya mbewu kwa umuna ntchito ikuchitika mwina mwa
njira yapadera monga kakulidwe chimaposa, mwina kudzera mwa kufuna
kayendedwe ka zinthu za Ziwalo zoberekera.
Ena owongoka maluwa kumene chilonda pa yaitali cholembera ndi pamwamba pa
(zambiri strapless) anthers kuti umuna N'zosatheka, ndi anthers kale poyera pamene
maluwa Mphukira komabe, koma kuswa pafupi. Ndiye poyera anthers kunama
mwachindunji mokwanira anayamba chilonda. Only Atatero ananyemanyema
cholembera anawonjezera.Choncho
pamene Proteazeen, Kampanulazeen, ambiri Papilionazeen, ndi ziwaloziwiri maluwa
Syngenesisten mu Nymphaea, Hypericum, Argemone, Papaver, Paeonia,
Oenothera,Impatiens, Ocymum, Canna, etc. (Treviranus, Phys. II. 378.)
Ena zomera, choyamba kutali Ziwalo zoberekera mmbuyo kupyola kukula kwa
maluwa mbali pamodzi pang'onopang'ono moti umuna n'zotheka.
Zaufulu kayendedwe ka Ziwalo zoberekera ankakonda, choncho nthawi zambiri
stamens amene kusuntha pang'onopang'ono pa nthawi ya umuna kuti munsi,
kutsanulira pa manyazi a pistil mungu ndiyeno kubwerera udindo wawo. Nthawi zina
za pistil zimachokera kwa stamens; M'mabuku ena onse akuyang'ana pa
reciprocally. (Yerekezerani .In Treviranus, Biol. IlI. 349. V. 204. Treviranus, Physiol.
D. Family II. 379.)
Kalasi yoyamba, amene kusuntha kwa stamens pambuyo munsi, monga: nkhadze
Opuntia, Fritillaria Peraica, Hyoscyamus aureus, Polygonum Orientale, Tamarix
gallica, Ruta graveolens ndi chalepensis, Zygophyllum Fabago, Sedum
telephium ndi reflexum, Tropaeolum, Lilium superbum, Amaryllis formosissima ,
Pancratium maritimum, Parnassia palustris, Geum urbanum, Agrimonia Eupatoria,
mitundu yambiri ya ranunculus ndi Scrofularia, Rhus coriaria, Saxifraga
tridactylites, Sax. muscoides, Sax. Aizoon, Sax. granulata, Sax. Muzuetc. M'kalasi
yachiwiri, umene umayenda ndi pistil kwa stamens, monga: Nigella sativa, Sida
Americana, Passiflora, Candollea, Hypericum, Oenothera, hibiscus, Turnera
ulmifoliaetc. Chachitatu, kumene mwagwirizana ayamba
chikuchitika: Boerhavia diandra, mitundu yonse
ya Malva, Lavatera, Althaea ndi Alcea (Treviranus).
The stamens ena zomera anati awo kusuntha kwa munsi wokhazikika yanthai:
Mu Lilium superbum, Amaryllis formosissima ndi Pancratium
maritimum akuyandikira anthers bwinobwino chilonda. Mu Fritillaria persica iwo
unakhota alternately ndi cholembera kunja. Mu Rhus coriaria awiri kapena atatu
stamens Nyamulani imodzi opangidwa, kufotokoza kotala bwalo ndi kubweretsa
anthers kwambiri chilonda. Mu Saxifraga trydactylites, muscoides, Aizoon,
granulata ndi Muzu kuweramira awiri stamens kuchokera zomenyanazo pa chilonda

wina ndi mzake, ndi kufalitsa pambuyo iwo anamwazikana mataka, kachiwiri, kuti
apeze malo ena. Mu Parnassia palustris, aamuna m'madera kulimbikitsa mkazi
chimodzimodzi imene zakula mbewu fumbi, kutanthauza pamene ayandikira
chilonda, mwamsanga ndipo pa nthawi imene iwo vula pambuyo umuna ndi
chomwecho kachiwiri atatu ndime. Mu Tropaeolum analamulira poyamba pang'ono
yomwenso stamens mu wathunthu ukuyanga chimodzi ndi chimodzi m'mwamba ndi
anaerama pambuyo anther wakhala waponya awo dothi chilonda, pansi kachiwiri
kuti wina khoti.
Posachedwapa chikhalidwe ndi wanzeru kuposa ife. "Mwina nthawi zonse vuto
umuna (limati Treviranus), chikhalidwe, ngati ulibe malire mwa kugwiritsa ntchito
chuma chawo, amene si zoona chifukwa. Chitsanzo cha nakulitsa zomera, amadziwa
anthu kuthana, kaya ndi mmodzi mwa iwo ndi mu ntchito, kapena yophatikiza iwo
zambiri. Ndipo kotero ife nthawi zambiri umuna, chimene chavumbuluzidwa zake
kuoneka bwino, pa chilonda, popanda kutha mwachindunji njira imene chilengedwe
wabweretsa iye pamenepo "
"Link anayang'ana pa Valeriana dioica onse zipsera yokutidwa ndi mungu, limene
lingathe kupangidwa kokha ndi mphepo kapena tizilombo. Mu Lilium
Martagon kukhala stamens ndi kalembedwe pambuyo kutsegula maluwa a
maphunziro awo ndi kukhwima. The mmbali yomwenso chilonda ndiye wa anthers
kuchotsedwa, ndipo komabe, "anatero Treviranus," Ine ndinawona iwo ndi 12
maluwa kuti pang'onopang'ono pansi pa maso anga, mochuluka yokutidwa ndi utoto
mungu, popanda kuti ndikufunika kwa mwachindunji, sindinakhalepo ntchito nkhani
njira zachilengedwe Tizilombo anayang'ana wotanganidwa, ndi chomera anali
kutetezedwa ku mphepo ndi boma. Similar kuzipenya amapezeka Klreuter ndi
Sprengel. "
Popanda cholinga chachikulu kupereka zowawa za zamaluwa fumbi ndi chilonda,
palinso yachiwiri tiganizira kuti asalowe kuganizira pa umuna, kukhuta mu nthawi
zambiri chachilendo kwambiri njira yachilendo maofesi ikumangidwa ndi moyo
ndondomeko ya zomera.
Umuna kapena mungu kwenikweni yaing'ono, madzimadzi odzazidwa matuza,
amene, gelangend pa manyazi a pistil, kukula mu yaitali ulusi ngati hoses, wophuka
ndi kutalika kwa pistil ndi mu M'mimbamo (n'kuwasanganiza patsekeke) ndi mwa
madzi nkhani ndi ovule, ndi internally ansitzt mu mphanga, ukala. Ndithudi, palibe
kuchitika pamene umuna thovu ndi kung'ambika m'mbuyomo ndipo amene
kamakhala kuchotsa ake madzi nkhani. Ngozi imeneyi kwapatsidwa mwa kucheza
ndi chinyezi ndi mungu mbewu amakonda kukoka anthu pathupi yakeyo ndipo
anayamba; ndipo onse mame ndi mvula, monga makamaka zachilengedwe malo
ambiri zomera za m'madzi kubweretsa vuto. Against zimenezi mwina akhoza
kutetezedwa ndi kumatira, waxy kuyanika wa mungu ena zomera; kuyambira tili
zina madzi ngakhale pamene umuna m'masitolo aona nawo zothandiza; Koma ichi
ndi zosaposa njira ina kuthetsa mavuto ake. Nthawi zina, sangathe mungu kuopsa ndi
maluwa khalidwe yoyenerera kwa madzi kapena chinyezi, kapena kukhazikitsa awo
kukula moyenerera.

Ambiri zomera kutseka corolla, ngati ikufuna mvula; ambiri izo ngakhale usiku,
kupewa mame, ena unakhota pa kugwa kwa mdima wa Blumenstielchen dongosolo,
kuti pakamwa koronayu ndi anakana. Wamba basamu (Impatiens Noli
Ine Tangere) amadzibisa ngakhale usiku wake maluwa pansi pa masamba. Ambiri
maluwa umuna amatetezedwa ndi wapadera denga anachita, kotero mpesa ndi
Rapunzel mitundu, gulugufe maluwa, mulomo maluwa, Katyptranthes mitundu 3),
etc.; ena zomera anapeza umuna kale asanakhale wosweka maluwa Mphukira m'malo,
z. B. ndi bluebells ndi gulugufe maluwa, kapena zimachitika munthawi kuswa
ngakhale, ndipo zimenezi mwa choumitsira nyengo. Osati infrequently limapangitsa
kusintha kwa malo a maluwa ndi mphepo, amene ambiri umabweretsa mvula, kuti
zimenezi mkatikati zimene CC Sprengel anasonyeza S. 165 Beech anapatsidwa
m'mutu mwake.Likulowerera koma ambiri chinyezi wamkati mbali ya maluwa,
kotero umuna akumufunsira zambiri ndithu; Choncho regnerischte nyengo kwambiri
kuvomereza ndi alimi pamene ukufalikira zipatso ndi njere.
3)

Pamene mpesa ndi Rapunzel mitundu (Phyteuma) mawonekedwe

pozigwiritsa nsonga pamakhala padenga ili; pa Gulugufe
Maluwa (Leguminosae) ndipamene mbendera (vexillum); mu
Labiatae(Labiatae), chapamwamba mlomo wa corolla, pa Kalyptranthes
mitundu ya chivundikirocho woboola pakati calyx, etc. (Decandolle, Phys. 11,
82.)

Kuwasamala Koma ndi njira imene chagwiritsidwa mu ena zomera za m'madzi

kugwira insemination wa popatula madzi.
The Wassernu, Trapa natans L., Germinates pansi pa madzi ndi akufotokozera
mnyamata pansi; koma pamene akuyandikira pachimake, kotero ukusefukira ndi
petiole kwa ma, modzaza kuwira. Izi kuwira ngati petioles ndi mtundu tsamba
ananyamuka limodzi anayandikira ndi kukweza mbewu pamwamba pa
madzi; maluwa chikuchitika mu mlengalenga, ndipo komanso maluwa nthawi yatha,
thovu kudzaza (pansi mayamwidwe mpweya) kachiwiri ndi madzi ndi chomera
amagwa pansi pa madzi, woselbst, kubweretsa mbewu kuti kwathunthu. (Decand. 11.
87.)
The Utrikularia mitundu kupereka ngakhale limodzi sedate kukhazikitsidwa. Mizu,
kapena nditi adalowetsedwa masamba amenewa zomera kwambiri kwambiri nthambi
ndi zambiri pang'ono kuzungulira machubu (utriculi) wotanganidwa, amene
Amawapatsa ngati makina chivindikiro. Achinyamata Utrikularien awa machubu
ndizodzazidwa ndi ntchofu amene ali wolemera kwambiri kuposa madzi, ndi
chomera ndikhalebe anam'letsa ndi ballast pansi pa madzi. Tsopano, pamene
akuyandikira pachimake, zomera amatulutsa mpweya kuti likulowerera mu
yamachubu ndi ntchofu komanso amayendetsa ndi chivindikiro
wakwezedwa; pamene mmera okonzeka m'njira imeneyi ndi zambiri thovu, amene ali
ndi mpweya, choncho limatuluka pang'onopang'ono ndi zoyandama padziko madzi
otsiriza, kuti pachimake angathe kuchitidwa panja. Ndi pachimake anatsirizika, muzu

akuyamba kachiwiri kwa secrete ntchofu, ndipo izi zimachitika mu hoses malo a
mpweya: motere mbewu zolemera, limalephera kuti pansi pa madzi ndi kubweretsa
mbewu zawo pamalo amodzi kukhwima, ayenera kumene yemweyo kufalikira
kachiwiri. (Decand. II. 87.)
Ena zomera za m'madzi, cholinga mosavuta zimatheka ndi silingalimbe m'malo
awo tsinde kufika pamwamba pa madzi; . Kotero mwachitsanzo kwambiri
Potamogeton - mitundu imene mints (Menthae), madzi
Eggen (Carices aquaticae), hedgehogs mitu (Sparganium) ndi ena
Zimenezi m'madzi ena zomera umuna koma kutetezedwa kuti apite motsutsana ndi
madzi pamaso pake.
Nyanja udzu (Zostera Marina.) Mwachitsanzo ali ananamizira ndi mizu yake pansi
pa nyanja ndipo sangathe mokwanira anawonjezera kuti afike pamwamba pa
madzi; koma kumenekonso limamasula mu pepala kungomanga (duplicature de
A feuille), zomwe, ngakhale lotseguka kwa mbali, koma ena kuchuluka kwa mbewu
lofotokozabe ngakhale inventoried mpweya kuti mu mphanga unazunguliridwa ndi
mkazi maluwa mwamuna maluwa mwachindunji okha mlengalenga, si atazingidwa
ndi madzi.
Pa Water crowfoot (Ranunculus aquaticus), amene ndithudi kwenikweni
kukhazikika mu mlengalenga, koma maluwa wadwala kuwala za kuopsa mkulu madzi
kuti adalowetsedwa, anakumana Pankhaniyi kwambiri asachite. Ramond ndi Batard
opezeka nyanja mwadzidzidzi kukula maluwa zomera adalowetsedwa ndi potuluka
m'madzi, popanda moyo ndi umuna.Izi zimadalira chakuti mungu oyambirira
lotulukira kwa anthers, pamene maluwa akadali amaoneka ngati chatsekedwa ndipo
ozungulira mpweya munali Mphukira. August de A St. Hilaire ndi Choulant pa
akuyandama madzi plantain (Alisma natans) ndi chichereecheree
therere (Illecebrum verticillatum) anazindikira ofanana zochitika. (Decand. II. 84.)
Timalemekeza teleological chidwi kuposa umuna ndondomeko ya zomera umafuna
Komanso kufesa chomwecho, ndi kusamalira zachilengedwe, kuti akule katundu wa
zomera miyoyo anapitiriza gehends, monga bwino ukuonekera m'menemo; ngakhale
Zimene imeneyi mu mbali yaikulu moti simungathe mwachindunji ndi zomverera za
mbewu yokha ndi apaubale kuposa anthu amene ikukhudzana bwanji ndi umuna
ndondomeko.
"Osati masamu" anatero Autenrieth (maganizo a zachilengedwe ndi moyo wauzimu
p.257), "kuganizira ambiri nyama ndi mbalame, anyamata, kamodzi sakumfuna
thandizo kutulutsa kwa iwo eni, kuoneka, kuti, ngati onse m'malo anasonkhana
anakhalabe, ndi wosasakaza chakudya otsiriza, pa zimene otukuka anthu kudzera
cholakwacho kawirikawiri amadwala, onse kusowa pamene dehiscent kapisozi a
European yellow basamu, ndi Impatiens Noli Ine Tangere L., zikuoneka kuti kuchita
masamu pogwiritsa amene mbewu anaponyedwa kunja, kapena kuposa mawotchi
mawonekedwe a mbedza, ambiri mbewu anapereka pa anthu osakhalitsa nyama
dulani ndi kufooka anthu mu mtunda, kapena zobwezedwa mapangidwe nthenga
akorona ambiri mbewu mphepo kuti tisatengeke ndi anamwazikana, cholinga ndi
Zikuoneka. "

Ndemanga iyi ayamba chidwi, tikaona mmene mu zochitika lingathe kutukuka kwa
mbewu yochepa kwambiri enaake, ngakhale zipangizo kumachitika amene m'malo
kuteteza mapangano a mbewu, ndi zinthu womwewo mu pafupi ndi kholo mavuto ati
lokhazikika. Chitsanzo pano Kukhala anapatsidwa Manglebaum.
The Manglebaum, Rizophora L., ikukula pa pakamwa mitsinje ya otentha
Erdstrichs ndi osaya nyanja nyanja, koma matope kukafika alternately yemweyo ali
ndi chigumula ndi saltwater. Mbewu akanakhoza ngakhale kwambiri kuchokera
m'nyanja, koma kupitiriza bwino kumtunda; kotero iwo tsopano kale kukhazikitsa ndi
kukula kwa kamodzi monga olimba footing, kumene iwo achoke mayi mtengo, ndipo
potsatira komanso yabwino pansi, monga chikuchitika lino, tingayembekezere. Pansi
chipatso wa maluwa mtengo uwu Ndipotu pang'onopang'ono amapangira minofu
dzenje kutentha, mbewu titero kupita panja zoseketsa chiwembu chimene aa
ukuonekera pang'onopang'ono kudzera mwa kutsinde. The pafupifupi cylindrical,
otsiriza pafupifupi 1 1/2 mainchesi yaitali phesi anachotsa mbewu za koposa
dziko. Mbewu palokha ndi elongated kuzungulira ndi wotsiriza 10 mainchesi yaitali,
kwa zake ufulu mapeto nthawizonse thicker ndi zolemera, koma umatha uko ndi
pfriemenfrmigen kwenikweni. Reif iye wopachikidwa vertically cha mtengo
pansi; lake komanso kugwirizana kwa zimayambira nthawi zonse lotayirira, ndipo
potsiriza iye agwa kuchoka zimenezi. Chifukwa chake choopsa, iye tsopano
umadutsa ake pfriemenfrmigen nsonga ankadalira mmodzi inchi kwambiri ndipo
akhala owongoka yemweyo palokha mu m'madambo pansi. Koma iye ntchito yake
maphunziro pa mtengo, utakula mwa chigoba chake ndi kale njira kwambiri muzu
pafupifupi chaka chonse. Choncho, atha pasanapite nthawi komanso kunena. Jacquin
anaona mbewu okha 3 4 phazi dontho la yemweyo boo pansi naima mu izi, ndipo iye
anali mu kwambili amene anali mizu anawomberedwa kachiwiri kwa mitengo. (Dict.
Of SC. Nat. T. khumi ndi chinayi. Art. Rizophora, 387.)
Pambuyo Schblers ndemanga mbewu za zomera za m'madzi amakhala wolemera
kwambiri kuposa madzi, akubwera ndi kugwa kuchokera nyumba, mwachindunji
pansi, kumene iwo angakhoze kumera, pamene mbewu ambiri wamtali mitengo ndi
opepuka, kotero akakhala pa madzi pamalo kugwa, kusambira ndi umaperekedwa ndi
mphepo ndipo panopa kuti loyandikana kugombe. (Kastner a Chipilala. X. 426.)
The chimanga limakula otetezeka yokutidwa monga chabe anamwazikana padziko
Lapansi. Pa nkhani imeneyi chikhalidwe anali mbewu ya chilombo kapena kuthawa
Haber (Avenafatua L.) Potsatira chipangizo. The awns yace inagwa ali pakati, monga
pa ngodya, theka anatembenuka ngati chingwe, theka-molunjika. Ndi mbewu kukhala
zapsa ndi youma, kotero mmunsi mwa awn kwambiri hygroscopic. Wets likukhalira
pa wokha, ndipo potero alternately ndi mbewu pa nsonga ya m'munsi mapeto ndi
awn, kuti ndiye kachiwiri kugona kwambiri chifukwa chakumapeto kudzera mwa
Aufdrehung basi anatambasula kachiwiri. Kotero njere necessitates sitepe pa nthawi
zina, chifukwa malangizo a tsitsi pa tirigu ndipo zabwino la miyendo ndi Fort
Wopanda mwa njira imodzi, ndi ndondomeko ndi awn mapeto, analola pa awn, koma
osati kuyenda chammbuyo , Mu alternating mvula ndi kukonzanso kulowa chilala
zakukwawa pa mtundu uwu wa kuthawa Haber pa maekala kuzungulira mpaka

amafika ku chiputu kapena kumugenda wa lapansi kumene iye sangakhoze inu, koma
tsopano amadziwikanso yokutidwa ndi chopinga kumera. (Chomera ka Linnaeus XII.
43.)
Tisaiwale kuti zonse ankaperekera pano, zitsanzo zochepa ochokera m'madera
osiyanasiyana a zomera ndi kumene ulamuliro wa cholinga mfundo zikuoneka
makamaka chidwi kwa kamvedwe kathu unsembe. Ankafuna ndipo ife tikhoza
penyani zomera kumbali zonse, ndi m'zonse mfundo zake, ife Mosakayikira kupeza
yemweyo zopindulitsa ulamuliro kulikonse ndi kupeza m'mlengalenga pamodzi
cholinga tiganizira zambiri zodabwitsa zimene sitingakwanitse aliyense wa
tsatanetsatane okha kuonekera.

XII. Ndimaika mbewu nyama.

Wina anganene kuti: moyo sangathe kufikira ku nyama mu masamba ufumu,
chifukwa inu mukhoza kale onani masamba ufumu pang'onopang'ono chimatha mu
mbadwa nyama ndipo kwambiri osokoneza pafupi yotsirizira. Zomera ufumu wonse
chozama kupitirira nyama; koma ndi otsika nyama mwamphamvu chilichonse cha
moyo, kotero tiyeni kanthu ngakhale m'munsi ubwenzi zomera zina kusankha osati
kanthu.
Zikamba z. B. kale theka mbewu monga chirengedwe. Iwo pansi, osachepera
zambiri, ndi zimayambira mwamphamvu pansi, kulowerera nthambi, mphukira,
maluwa, etc. angati mwakuwoneka mdima ndi opanda koma ngakhale nawo
zizindikiro za kudzoza! Kodi ichi kotero kusuntha, zofewa nyama oposa enclose
mdima, murky otsala a moyo panopa, kodi kwambiri okhwima ouma zomera konse
chinachake yace, titero okha zake tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ali. Pakati m'munsi
zolengedwa pali angapo, kumene amati lero kaya pakati pa zinyama ndi
zomera 1); ndipo izi zikugwirizana ndi woopsa ngati kupeza zizindikiro za moyo
nawo kapena ayi; kotero osokoneza atchulidwa pano. Ngati inu kukayikira ngati
moyo, kumene zochita pakati pa nyama ndi zomera akadali fluctuates, mosakayika,
kuti palibe moyo, kumene utumiki chisankho kwapangidwa kwa mbewu.
1)

Zilombo izi monga mwa anthu ena Bolvocinen, Klosterinen, Bazillarien,

mndandanda umene Ehrenberg pakati pa infusoria ndi akulongosola, pamene v.
Siebold (ndalama. Anat. I. 7) mu mbewu ufumu ikutanthauza Eckhard koma
(Wiegm Chipilala. . 1846. H. 3) kumene mwatsopano ndi infusoria. Makamaka
pa Bazillarien (motero diatoms, Desmidiaceae) zambiri mikangano ndi
vacillation.Siebold, Ktzing, Link, Mohl, Unger, Morren, Dujardin, Meyen iwo
ndikuutenga masamba, Ehrenberg, Eckhard, Focke, Corda nyama. (Wiegm.
Chipilala. 1837 II. 24. 1843. II. 372.) ndi Klosterinen zinakhalako Meyen,
Morren, Dujardin yapakati alia masamba. Mofananamo, maganizo a naturalists
pa nyama kapena masamba chikhalidwe cha mitundu kanthu ofiira chisanu
kangapo (. Mwa Unger ndi Ehrenberg mwachitsanzo zikutsutsana masamba,
(pambuyo Boigt ndi Meyen nyama). The Oszillatorien kukhala Ehrenberg,
Meyen, yapakati alia, kwa algae , masamu ndi Unger ku nyama. Pakuti
yotsirizira komanso amamuchititsa Schleiden. Various zolengedwa, omwe

m'gulu la tizilombo ting'onoting'ono chifukwa cha laimu okhutira, ndicho

Corallina, ndi cognates Galaxaura, Halimedea, Udotea, acetabulum, Melobesia,
Jania, etc. ali Ktzing (Anat. d. Tange p.8) m'gulu algae, ndipo anasiya
undecided ngati thonje la nyama kapena chomera chikhalidwe. Pankhani ya
thonje ndi Spongillen ndi mwinamwake zambiri fluctuated. The Spongillen
makamaka a Dujardin ndi Laurent (. Wiegm Chipilala 1839. II 197. 411. 1841.
II ...) kwa ziweto za Johnston ndi Hogg (ebendas 1839. II: ... 197. 409. 1843.
1841. II II 363.) zomera anafotokoza. The Millipore aziona Link ndi Blainville
kwa zochita kupanga ndime ya carbonate ya laimu, yofotokozedwapo
mogwirizana mu mchere ufumu, ananena ndi Ehrenberg ndi Lamarck kwa
zoophytes, wa Rapp ndi Filipi zomera. (Wiegm. Chipilala. 1837 I. 387.)

Pakali pano, izo chabe kofunika mfundo wotsimikizika, kotero likukhalira

kwathunthu mbali.
Kodi amatipatsa choyamba ufulu, mu tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, infusoria,
yapakati alia, otchedwa opanda ungwiro, koma chabe kupeza kwenikweni basi
chosavuta nyama dubious kuda moyo? M'malo otchulidwa mu mdima, murky
zotsalira za moyo Ine ndingakhoze kupeza yekha khalidwe la losavuta ndi matupi
masewera chimodzimodzi ndi iwo. Lalikulu chiwopsezo cha wochepa nyama
zosiyana kuno kuti chizindikiro kuzindikira, amene ali nazo kwa liveliness ndi
kulimba kwa kayendedwe, makamaka malangizo kuti mofanana enieni zolinga,
choncho kuti anazindikira khalidwe la mwankhanza, ndi anaganiza sankafuna ndi
amene amakumana nawo kulowelera mu mwachibadwa moyo, kulimbana imene
anasokoneza yekha, zonsezi akulankhula ndithu mosiyana ndi Aphunzitseni,
yosamveka, mu chikomokere moyo zachilengedwe akadali theka pamwambapa kalasi
zamatsenga moyo chimodzimodzi.
Kodi tikuona zochitika za moyo ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono okha kwambiri,
ndipo zikuoneka kuti akuoneka vagueness a moyo wake, kwenikweni zimadalira pa
weniweni vagueness awo kuganizira.
Ngati wotambasula Armpolyp (Hydra) anakhudzidwa, kapena madzi imene ili,
kugwedezeka, izo wabizinesiyo anagwa mwadzidzidzi kuti yaing'ono
apezeka; Ndithu chizindikiro chooneka bwino tilinazo. Iye amapita ku kuunika, ndipo
imakhala kapu ndi angapo tizilombo ting'onoting'ono kunja, Munthu akapeza Patapita
nthawi zonse kudalira pa mbali yowala.Choncho polyp ali mehrerlei zomverera. Iye
kwambiri voracious, amapulumutsira mwakhama padziko nyama ndi tentacles, ndipo
awiri ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono amati zambiri za zomwezo. Anthu zizindikiro
tikuyamba zilakolako. Iye amasankha ndi chimasiyanitsa kwambiri mukufunitsitsa
pakati pa zakudya kokha mwa kusangalala nyama zakudya, mbewu zochokera
zakudya akukana; Komanso nyama chakudya amapanga kusiyana ndi kuganizira
makamaka zikamba za mtundu womwewo, ngakhale inu njala ndipo iwo ukutsika
wake wotambasula mikono, pamene iye wamvetsetsa zolengedwa kuti iye ankakonda
kudya poyamba kukhudza. Zimenezi zikusonyeza bwino kuzindikira (Trembley).

Kodi wakhala pambuyo onse tizilombo ting'onoting'ono mosiyana cholengedwa

ndithu ophunzitsidwa sensibility, ngakhale mwina chilichonse? The wonse wa
yemweyo masewera chimazungulira yosangalatsa imeneyi sensibility pa yaifupi
njira. Koma matupi maganizo ndi zokhumba angakhale kwambiri zachiwawa ndi
otsimikiza kwambiri, ndipo kuphweka la masewera, zimene iwo anaima,
amamuchititsa mtima mphamvu zawo ndiponso khama. Man zikuwoneka yekha
losavuta ndi crudest anthu. Kodi iwo ali ndi mwayi wochepa zachiwawa ndi
zilakolako zikuluzikulu monga kwambiri kutukuka ndi ophunzira? Dark mukhoza
ndithudi kuitana chotero moyo mu apamwamba kuwala chifukwa akusowa. Koma
kuwala kwa sensuality ungapsereze kotero kwambiri mu njira yake monga
apamwamba kuwala la kuganiza, monga mafuta yoyaka ngati kuwala ngati efa; ndi
wozama ubwenzi kuwala kuwalire pa kakang'ono, kamene izo chimafikira, zonse
zioneke bwino kwambiri.
Kodi n'zoona tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, nawonso infusoria, monga momwe ife,
awo smallness, yemweyo moyo angatsatire. Zikusonyeza mwina ndi liveliest
kayendedwe ndi otchulidwa nyama mwankhanza; ndipo ngati si onse ali
yolimbikitsa, kotero palinso kanyama kameneka pakati pa apamwamba magulu a
nyama, ndipo kungakhale, monga tafotokozera kale, ngakhale liveliness a kunja
kayendedwe sinditsata yekha muyeso wa liveliness wa mkati zomverera.
Mosakayikira, inde mosavuta traceable kwa malire, losavuta kumva ndiponso
matupi moyo miyoyo ya m'munsi okhalapo ndi wachibale wawo chosavuta thupi
gulu. Chikhalidwe wapyolamo munthu chotsikitsitsa nyama mwaunyinji
imeneyi; koma basi onga mphamvu ndi losavuta kumva, koma Vuto, kuchuluka ndi
kufunika kwa moyo wauzimu, amene umo tizindikira zapita. Onse sayenera pankhani
izo zichitika pamwamba mfundo izo.
M'njira zina (okha moyenerera anamvetsa) kungakhale zamoyo kutenga ngati
makina amene Komabe, si wolingana ndi kubala wathu yokumba makina kuti
mphamvu zawo zokhota mwa iwo okha ndi limodzi m'badwo wa zimenezi ntchito
ndi chikumbumtima, kudutsa ndi kumverera ndi, alipire yosalunjika misonkhano ndi
kuwasonyeza moyo ukunenedwa msanga utumiki wa mkati. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti,
iwo zikusonyezanso chimodzimodzi magawanidwe wamkulu kapena wamng'ono
mavuto athu makina, ndipo malinga izo zinachitikira, monga iwo kutsatira kwambiri
kapena chosavuta zolinga. Chabwino chophweka khofi chopukusira akupereka iye
khofi akadali ngati mkulu-liwiro atolankhani amachita ake zovuta yosindikiza
malonda. Ndipo ine ndikuganiza ngati aliyense wa wathu makina zimene ali ndi
udindo, mokwanira kutsogoleredwa ndi mphamvu yathu, ndipo yake
chikumbumtima, khofi chopukusira akanakhalabe choncho mukudziwa bwino ntchito
yawo kuti, ndi kumverera kudutsa monga Quick Press. Osati mosazengereza kapena
intension, chokhacho chimene amatchedwa mumlingo, adzakhala m'munsi; malinga
cholinga cha chosavuta ndi wochepa berschauung mafoni. Pamene ife pano akhoza
kuganiza bwino ife tsopano, adzakhululukidwa kwenikweni kutsutsana
zamoyo. Kuwonjezeka Vuto la gulu ndiponso kuchuluka kuchuluka sadzakhala
kukangamira mphamvu ndiponso mosazengereza cha chikumbumtima. Zinachitikira
zambiri zosamvetsetseka gulu kugona ndi ubale anawonjezera, ndi apamwamba

mabwenzi kudzera m'munsi pa zimene kwina chosavuta bungwe, ndipo chifukwa

alibe, alibe kuzindikira kutero. Koma chikumbumtima cha losavuta ndi otsika
mabwenzi akhoza kukula, wolimba, yogwira anasankhidwa kukhala pamwamba, inde
pang'ono kwambiri mosazengereza komanso zioneke bwino kwambiri; chifukwa
aliyense Vuto ankadya mphamvu, ndi kumene izo zidzathawa kwa organic, udzakhala
kutha kwa zamatsenga.
Kotero anapereka, zomera kwenikweni anali mosavuta gulu tizilombo
ting'onoting'ono ndi infusoria, kotero ndikanakondabe palibe kumangako chifukwa
moyo wake usanathe maso ndi moyo kusunga monga nyama okha, amene
kumaonekera maso ndi moyo mokwanira. Panafunika kuti ngakhale chosavuta ndi
kutsikira chikhalidwe cha maganizo moyo.
Koma tsopano sitingathe anavomereza kuti kwambiri anayamba zomera mosavuta
gulu losavuta nyama, motero masamba ufumu m'nkhaniyi anaima kwathunthu pansi
pa nyama, pa lonse, ankaona, chibwenzi pakati pa maufumu awiri akhala olondola
ngati kulikonse masamba ufumu, gululi lakhala anapita patsogolo chotero tangle
monga apamwamba magulu a nyama. Mulimonsemo, zomera ufumu limatuluka ngati
nyama ku osokoneza wapakatikati pano, pamene inu musati ndithu kudziwa ngati
mbalame kapena chomera, ku zikuluzikulu mavuto kotero, sangathe zifukwa
zosiyana mfundo yakuti kukula ndi organic tangle chitukuko ntchito za moyo,
m'malo wapakatikati pano ngakhale zina kumira mwa mbewu ufumu, koma mwa
chinthu chomwecho pamene, kukweranso pambuyo ena malangizo.
The akubwera zotsatirazi kuonerera kuthandiza: After indubitable zotsatira za
nthaka pa malasha dziko mphutsi ndi nkhono m'dzikoli anali chifukwa ngati achule,
izi osati mbalame ndi nyama, izi monga munthu Mwachidule, izo zinali, pa dziko
lonse, ankaona chilengedwe cha kalasi iliyonse ya nyama iliyonse kuzindikiridwa
m'munsi apamwamba patsogolo, ndipo ndithudi mwina kwa zaka masauzande
ambiri. Mu chomera ufumu zimaonekera pa lonse, chimodzimodzi patsogolo
chilengedwe kuchokera m'munsi apamwamba lolemekezeka mabungwe. Choncho
ngati chomera ufumu mwamtheradi pansi pa nyama, kotero wina akanayenera
kuganiza kofunika kuti chomera ufumu pa dziko lonse, ankaona, anawonongeka
isanafike nyama. Koma palibe kwambiri kuposa ena kuti izi siziri choncho; M'malo
mwake, onse zotsatira za nthaka kugwirizanitsa kukhala zikutanthauza kuti mbewu
ufumu sanali Mulimonsemo pamaso nyama kumeneko; kani, mmodzi akanakhoza
ndikudabwa ngati izo asakhale analenga Patapita. Koma kwambiri pangakhale
chinthu awo munthawi yomweyo zikamera. Chotsikitsitsa zomera opangidwa ndi
otsika nyama Community poyambira wa organic chilengedwe, ndipo kuchokera
kumeneko ananyamuka yemweyo mu zonse pano imodzi. Kodi iye izo tsopano mu
nyama, ngati ife kuyeza kutalika nthawizonse chamkati Vuto lonse kubweretsa
apamwamba; koma apamwamba kuchuluka kwa zimene iye anapita mu masamba
ufumu, koma ndi zapamwamba kuposa otsika ku nyama. Ndipo ngati mbewu ufumu
anakhalabe pa mlingo wa chitukuko lonse mu arrears, iwo anapambana pa Komano,
chuma kunja chitukuko mu wapamwamba.
Ngati zomera ngati osasinthika ouma thupi zofewa mafoni tizilombo

ting'onoting'ono poyerekeza, kuti zikumveka ndithu kwambiri awo sangathe; koma

inu mukhoza ndi ayenera kumuthandiza kwambiri ufulu mosiyana. The tizilombo
ting'onoting'ono (makamaka hydras) zofewa pafupifupi yunifolomu kuwonekera
misa, imene chabe kusamala kung'ambika yolemetsa ena kulekana kwa organic
zinthu amadziwa kuti apamwamba zomera wachinsinsi mu abwino ndi momveka ku
maselo ndi machubu a zosiyanasiyana ndi ntchito, zinapatsira ndi loyenda timadziti,
ndi kutengeka kwambiri omveka bwino masamba ndi mizu chakudya, monga polyp
chimafikira mikono ndiye okha zambiri onse ndi zambiri. - Sayenera kale ofanana
kuonekera aliyense monga chiphunzitso kuyambira pachiyambi izo ngati malambe
m'mayiko mtengo ndi zikwi za zaka chake chosaneneka kukula mu thunthu ndi
nthambi, ndipo mofanana wolemera kunja zochuluka ndi kuima monga kusamala
mkati yokonza ziwalo m'munsi pa makwerero a zolengedwa monga chisoni
yaing'ono, yaiwisi anapanga kwa yosakongola polyp kapena tinier, kotero chabe
bungwe infusoria, amene kusungunuka kwa m'kamwa patapita nthawi yochepa
kachiwiri, kumene izo zimawoneka kokha anamanga? - Amakonda zing'onozing'ono
infusoria adakali ndi m'matumbo ndi lalikulu mtengo ayi; koma wakhala aliyense
chubu mu mtengo, zomwe zimabweretsa madzi kuchokera pansi apo, kwenikweni
kufunika kwa zimenezi intestine? Malambe m'mayiko mtengo kwakukulu limba,
pamene wamng'ono infusoria likhweru. Ndipo kotero mosatha kuneneka kwambiri
khama kuti misa, mphamvu ndi gulu ayenera munapanga chikhalidwe cha soulless
ngati mtima wonse wokhalapo? Momwe pali kulimbana ndi wololera
teleology? Kapena akunena apa: malambe m'mayiko mtengo akadali yopindulitsa
kwa anyani? Iwo nawonso, monga ngati kunena kuti St. Peter wa lipindulitsa njiwa
amene akukwerapo. Ine ndikuganiza za izi ananena kale zigawo mokwanira.
Kwenikweni, inu kale anabwerera ofuna kukonza organic zolengedwa pambuyo
choyera chithunzithunzi cha staircase; zilibe kupita ku nyama palokha, zilibe ntchito
masamba ufumu okha; komanso wina ndi mzake kapena malo a zomera ndi nyama
maufumu. Lingaliro la kuchuluka kwa munthu organic wokhalapo, poyerekezera ndi
mzake, kuli makamaka m'malo olakwika ndipo osokoneza, ndipo angapezeke kuti
mogwirizana kwambiri mabwenzi, chimene wina kuyeza kutalika kwa cholengedwa
ina, nyama ndi avareji pa mbewu, koma ngakhale komabe m'zonse, koma izo ndi
zomveka pakati pa zinyama zonse ndi zomera. Onse nkhambakamwa kuti zomera
Choncho ngakhale zochepa yakuti kwa moyo koposa otsika a m'mbali nyama,
chifukwa ngakhale zakuya kuposa wotaya umo tizindikira zolemba zawo lonse
maziko. Ndithudi iwo adzakhala mumvetse zina, koma m'njira zinanso N'zodziika
kachiwiri apamwamba: inde inu mukhoza kunena kuti aliyense organic wokhalapo ali
wamkulu kuposa wina aliyense zinazake ubale bwino. Mfundo ya maphunziro ake
zinafika pa, mtundu wina wa cholinga ndi mtundu uwu zikutanthauza kwambiri
angwiro ndi kukhala ndi yosavuta kukwaniritsa; koma tsopano lokoma maganizo
chikhalidwe ichi nawonso kutchulidwa Mwaichi, kufunika wa kukwaniritsidwa
kwake, mavuto ake Abiti, chilakolako ake ndi kupindula, anautsa kwambiri wangwiro
ndi yosavuta, mwinamwake lonse cholinga cha masewera adzakhala akhungu ndi
ogontha. - Kuchokera mfundo imeneyi, imene ndi ya wathu chinthu basi chofunika
kwambiri, osati kwenikweni ambiri panopa mmene anawasiyanitsira wa okhalapo

akhoza kukhazikitsa, kapena akhoza kukhala aliyense pa mutu wa wapadera

mndandanda wa magawo imene wake cholinga chapadera naye ku waukulu
eyespot. Tsopano dziwani kusiyanitsa kuchuluka kapena mtengo wa malekezero
okha; koma izi mogwirizana zosiyanasiyana muyezo. Posachedwapa mmodzi akhoza
kuyesa koma kukhala ndi chinachake mwa Cross kukhazikitsa mndandanda wa
magawo pambuyo subordination a ambiri pa makamaka cholinga, ndipo izi
zikugwirizana ndi pamwamba ntchito ndipo mwachizolowezi dongosolo zakuya
mbali ya wamkulu kapena wamng'ono adzitengapo mbali ya gulu mwina pafupifupi
pamodzi , Pangakhale zolengedwa, kudzera zogwirizana nkhani zambiri zolinga, pa
nthawi yomweyo kwambiri ambiri, kuti tithane overarching zolinga angathe kukhala
tsopano palokha ndipo mwamsanga kukwaniritsidwa adzalangidwa aliyense cholinga
ndi zina lililonse la otsala lamulo. Pa lonse monga zolengedwa zoterozo tsopano
mwina angwiro, monga kwa munthu koma pachifukwa chomwecho ungwiro
wotentha ngati olengedwa'wa kuwapedza okha kapena makamaka munthu
zolinga. Chitsanzo chabwino ndi amodzi munthu amene ali otetezeka popanda pa
zogwirizana kukwaniritsidwa kwa ochuluka zolinga pa nthawi yomweyo, ndipo
zimenezi zingatheke zabwino zonse. Koma iye sanatero mofulumira miyendo, si
choncho lakuthwa osati monga retentive chiombankhanga ngati nyama zambiri,
chokha mitundu yonse iyi ndi yabwino zimene amachita wonse ndi njira zina zambiri
zimapangitsa ofooka tsatanetsatane kuposa nyama, umene mwachindunji ndi
mwachindunji otsika. Inde, komanso makamaka mzimu wake kumvetsa; koma
maganizo gulu zimadalira kulikonse pamodzi ndi thupi. Imeneyi si mfundo zina.
Pakali pano, n'zothekanso nthawi si onse okhalapo kuposa mwa lamulo ndipo
aliyense zina, monga ambiri cholinga m'madera ntchito zawo, pamene ena amachita
ndi mzake, ndi mlingo wa tsatanetsatane pokwaniritsa cholinga cha zake zonse
mphindi mosavuta muyambenso ambiri tanthauzo kuposa kuti, titero, chokha
wopereera kwambiri kukwaniritsa zolinga zingapo. Choncho pambuyo onse
yosavuta mfundo kutalika panopa mmene anawasiyanitsira akhala inadequately
kuimira zovuta ubwenzi, imene zamoyo ndi kwa wina ndi mnzake. Ndipo ngati
inunso kuti mfundo dongosolo yace adzayesa ntchito zomera chingagwiritsidwe
ndithu zabwino mwa nyama; ndipo ngakhale zili choncho, koma apansi thupi, koma
osati moyo Choncho M'patseni iwo.
Inde, ayenera ngati kusiyana kwa makanema ojambula pakati pa nyama ndi zomera
adzakhala wosaonekayo, ndipo ambiri zolengedwa wapakatikati Ufumu zinachititsa
mkangano zimene muli nawo kwenikweni kukhala nyama ndi zomera, adzindikira
latsopano kupindika kapena kuti, amene anatenga kale zambiri, kutaya. Padakali
zambiri anakhala moyo (mwankhanza, zotengeka) waganizapo monga differentiator
pakati pa nyama ndi zomera ku nkhani, popanda kutha kutengera osiyana zochita za
kukhalako ina kuli moyo monga mwa kunja zizindikiro amene cogency lokha
ankadalira pa chikhalidwe okha nyama ndi miyoyo. Koma ngati zomera komanso
chamoyo monga nyama, kotero kuti kusiyana Falls konse wapita.
Izo tsopano sanalinso chidwi akhoza kupambana, gwirani pakati pa nyama ndi
zomera okhwima septum ndipo pofuna kupanga dubious zolengedwa kwathunthu
mkati kapena kupitirira izi kugawa, monga kale choncho. The zotengera

malingaliridwe chilakolako amene mkangano ngati nyama ali ngati chomera, nthawi
zambiri analandira Mosakayikira anapachika yekha pokhapokha unali kuchita pa
nthawi yomweyo kuti kuli ina kuli cholinga patakhala chikondi. Shrinks kukwaniritsa
chofunika, kungokhala uerlichere chidwi akhala kupambana kwa gulu kusiyana
kwa nyama ndi zomera mwachibadwa zinthu ndi kuliika zinthu; bwanji izo koma
afunefune kuyambira pachiyambi akukokomeza amanena pamene kumachitika onse
gulu lothandiza anati kale mwa aliyense wa onse organic m'madera okha ndipo palibe
chifukwa mukhoza kuwona chifukwa ichi njakata sayenera adzasefukira m'madera
ena. Koma Ndipotu izi zonse chifukwa wakhala unatha, ndipo mmodzi anavomereza
zomera monga nyama miyoyo. Kwa nthawi yaitali zimenezi si choncho, inu akanatha
ndikukhulupirira kuti kusiyana kudzoza ndi Nichtbeseelung ayenera kuyankhula mu
lolingana chidwi kusiyana pa thupi m'madera amene angalole palibe mlatho.
Ndimaona kuti nthawi zonse pazikhala umasinthasintha pamlingo winawake, kodi
ndi kuchuluka kwa momwe inu kuti ndikhazikike ndi zolengedwa wapakatikati
ufumu m'njira mbali inayo. Wamng'ono umasinthasintha zidzachitika pamene
naturalists la mawu nyama ndi zomera akuyamba monga iwo anapanga
mwatsatanetsatane ntchito chinenero, ndi kukonza lokha indefiniteness
amafufuza; mwinamwake chirichonse adzakhala umasinthasintha pano; koma umo
tizindikira likukhalira kuti iye musaphonye otsiriza caprice. Chifukwa m'moyo mawu
amenewa akhala lakonzedwa kuti zovuta zambiri zikuchitika mbali limodzi popanda
okhwima Chigawo cha lamavutoli ndi kusankha mbali yaikulu, makamaka
apamwamba nyama ndi zomera akhala envisaged. Koma ngati, monga mmene
zimakhalira, kuti mwina apasuke mbali mwa maofesi mu wapakatikati pano ndi kale
mu njira, mwina kusakanikirana ndi adzasefukira mu umodzi wina anayamba
Ndipotu zimenezi ndi kusankha chimene zimaonetseratu kapena amene kwambiri
zovuta mbali koma posachedwapa zidzolo adzapereka kwa kusankha dzina ndi
udindo kapena kupitirira chofunika chotchinga pakati pa nyama ndi zomera, basi
osati mu chikhalidwe cha zinthu kapena Gebrauche chinenero, koma mwangwiro mu
zotengera malingaliridwe chiweruzo cha sayansi, kapena malangizo ankafuna
kupereka gulu lothandiza umasinthasintha, koma ena sangathe kukhala
kumangako. Ndi zimene iye amafuna kusankha ngati ofunika differentiator, kapena
zimene zovuta mbali amafuna kusankha, ndipo kodi mochititsa kusiyana ndiye
kuwonekera wina ndi mnzake malo apamwamba misinkhu zomera ndi nyama,
padzakhala koma zimachitika malire maufumu nthawizonse osokoneza ndiponso
wofooka nthawi imene ngakhale munthu khalidwe mwanjira akuyamba chilichonse.
Ziwiri zazikulu kusiyana akuoneka kuti amalangiza makamaka ndipo nawonso
mwina kairikairi kukopedwa pa ntchito, amene ena anafotokoza kuti yomanga,
ndi mawonetseredwe a moyo. Pambuyo zakale munthu kufotokoza cholengedwa cha
nyama kapena chomera, malinga ndi chakudya kwambiri ndi mkati kapena
invaginated pamalo (intestine, m'mimba, zimene pakamwa gawo) kapena malaya
everted pamalo (masamba, muzu ulusi ndi. The ngati.) Mu thunthu la thupi
kulandira; osiyanasiyana, malingana moyo wake Timasonyeza kunja kwambiri ndi
mtima wonse translucent ayende maulendo lonse kapena mbali, kapena chabe
kukula. Ndipotu, zomera ndi nyama maufumu linagamula kwambiri anatsimikiza ake

apamwamba misinkhu ndi mitundu iwiri mbali; Koma kuyambira mbali zake mawu
ndi chikhalidwe cha chamoyo chilichonse Unamangidwa mmene mokwanira
limasonyeza komanso wapakatikati pano chifukwa indentation ndi protuberance,
ayende maulendo ndi kukula zimagwirizizirana yemweyo chamoyo mbali angasinthe
kotero mwina mu nthawi kuti inu simutero nthawizonse bwino anganene zinthu
khalidwe kudzatunga monga ambiri kuganizira; komanso zimadalira Mbali kuti ndi
hergenommen kuchokera yomanga, palibiretu ndi hergenommenen mwa
maonekedwe a moyo pamodzi kuti nthawi zonse vorkmen molumikizana.
The chosatheka kufika pamene okha awiriwa mbali kuti kusiyana kooneka wachita,
ndiye anthu ena kuti tithandize: ngati "kusintha kunja thupi contours mwa kufuna
chidule ndi patsogolo Krperparenchyms" mu kayendedwe (Siebold); ngati nsidze
ngati mapazi kuoneka ngati ziwalo ayende maulendo; monga chulutsa
chikuchitika; ngati izi kapena kuti mankhwala chochitika aliko. - Koma bwanji za
m'mbuyomo mbali, izi ndi zoona kwa chimodzimodzi. Zonsezi mbali ali ndi cholinga
lakuthwa kusiyana pakati pa nyama ndi zomera kwathunthu okwanira kutali. Ndipo
chochitika ichi kuti iwo umagwera n'zosatheka kusiyanitsa zikuchepa Bzalani ndi
Animal Ufumu ndi maonekedwe, Tingaone ngati mkangano tsopano ngakhale
m'mbuyo kuti ngakhale mu ulemu wa psyche palibe septum awiriwa aliko.
Chifukwa cha m'mimba ndi nyama ngati mkati bungwe konse, mu ufulu
kuwonekera ayende maulendo lonse kapena mbali zambiri mokwanira zichitike,
motero pa Oszillatorien, ndi algae spores ndipo ngakhale 184. n. Anatchula
zolengedwa, pamene angatsutse ngati nyama kapena chomera, ndi. Yokha apa kuona
zomera, kunena ndithudi, koma kayendedwe si kufuna kayendedwe. Koma kodi
amangosankha izi kwake ndi dzina, wakhala kwambiri chinthu, anatsimikiza mtima
munthu maganizo a mwambo akhala Apercu yofunika mbali. Inde, osati maonekedwe
makhalidwe, ngakhale filosofe ya mwankhanza ndi chinachake yochititsa kuti
n'zovuta kukhazikitsa yeniyeni sayansi kusiyana kwa izi, pamene izo ayesera
Ehrenberg kuchita zotsatirazi: "Mayendedwe a nyama (akunena) ndi Cholinga
umasinthasintha ayende maulendo, kayendedwe ka matope mbewu etc. alibe cholinga
cha umasinthasintha kusintha kwa malo, koma munthu kasinthasintha ndi chitukuko
kuti zochitika mawonekedwe. Awa ali, monga Zikuonekeratu kuti ndi maonekedwe
(nzothandiza) zokhudzana chomera, anthu a more ndi mtima (chifuniro) zokhudzana
nyama khalidwe. kuli ndi kupanda pakamwa ndi intestine amasiyana zikuchepa onse
formations. " (Abhandl. Berl. Akad. D. W. kuchokera d. J. 1833. Gedr. 1834. P. 157.)
M'kalata kumabweretsa Ehrenberg monga mbali ya nyama chikhalidwe kapena
chulutsa ndi magawano, amene ali komanso zolengedwa awerengedwa ndi mmodzi
pa algae.
Kodi prinziplos anthu konse kusudzula mu zatsopano, nyama ndi zomera,
fluctuates, monga, yapakati alia, Umboni otsatirawa: Meyen anati Klosterien etc ndi
chifukwa zomera, chifukwa nawapeza mu cornstarch; koma tsopano inu anati, izo
zikanakhoza ndithu nyama cornstarch m'gulu; Unger anati mafoni algal spores kwa
nyama chilengedwe, chifukwa iwo anasamukira mwakuwoneka ufulu ndipo
zikutanthauza Eyelash ziwalo; koma tsopano tinauzidwa (Siebold), izo zingachititse
kuti zomera ndi kukhala Eyelash ziwalo, nayenso. Kotero inu mukuti zimene

mukufuna, basi kupulumutsa dongosolo lake. Siebold (ndalama. Anat. I. 8) allocated

kuti zaufulu chidule ndi kukula kwa thupi monga mbali ya nyama zambiri kulemera,
koma amapeza mwiniyo anachititsa (ebendas. P.14), pamaso pa kamwa ndi m'mimba
monga osafunika kufotokoza ndi kulankhula za nyama ndi thupi lonse padziko (ie
kunja pamalo) amatengera ndi nutriment (kotero opaline). Mwachitsanzo Pakuti
konse kamwa ndi m'mimba, komabe ufulu ayende maulendo zikuoneka (ngati
losakhudzana chidule ndi kukula) kwambiri. Monga khalidwe la nyama
Tatchulawa, anakhazikitsidwa mu chikhalidwe cha zinthu mavuto olimba kusiyana
pakati pa zomera ndi nyama kusokoneza Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, makamaka
ang'onoang'ono zamoyo akadali chovuta kwa kuonerera mbali ya kutanthauzira kwa
kuzipenya. Kaya chapamimba ngati m'mimba ngalande alipo, ndi kawirikawiri
osatetezeka, nthawi zambiri osati kusankha: Self Ehrenbergs (woyamba amagwiritsa
ndi anzawo) wotchuka kudya njira infusoria ndi nsalu wakhala kumene amaona kuti
nthawi motsimikiza njira zimenezi. (... Siebolds ndalama Anat I. 15 FF) Meyen
limafotokoza zambiri chinachake monga wamba chomera cell (s mu algae
genera. Pediastrum, Scenedesmus, Staurastrum) Kodi Ehrenberg limati (mu m
Polygastricis.) Mmimba; Inde, mfundo mbewu cell ndi kutsegula ndi mimba ndi
pakamwa angathe apa ndi apo kwenikweni anathamangira mu mzake. Siebold akuti
Ehrenberg m'mimba nthawi zina kusiya pansi pa khungu chivundikirocho. Kaya
m'deralo kayendedwe amayamba ndi interplay moyo mphamvu, kapena kunja
mawotchi zimayambitsa (ngati Brownian zoyenda), kapena mtundu wa kayendedwe
ka camphor pa madzi, masamba iwo si kophweka kwa penyani; ndi osiyana
chikhalidwe cha amatsata mtima kuno nthawi zambiri kutanthauzira. Koma bwanji
chifukwa wathawu mtundu akanati mu play, kotero ife tsopano anakumana ngakhale
mzaka omvetsa chisoni funso la kusiyana kwa moyo ndondomeko ku zochita
kupanga njira konse. Pafupi timinofu kunjenjemera ngati zingwe, ndi spore
zingachititse ndi ejecting yofunika mafuta pa madzi (monga kale amaganiziridwa
Schleiden), ndipo adakali ndi chakuya ndi nyama wotchedwa kayendedwe.
Mosakayikira chikutikakamiza sharpness ndi definiteness uliwonse sayansi ndi
chifukwa makamaka chimodzimodzi khalidwe, koma ndikuona osati kwenikweni
kufunafuna zimenezi ngakhale pamene izo sanama mu chirengedwe; kapena
kufunafuna njira monga sanama mwa iye. Pakuti anafuna Inde, chikhalidwe ndi
kulikonse, koma bwanji, monga mwina yabwino amenewa anamaliza ambiri mfundo
mitundu ya nzeru yathu. Onse ambiri mawu ndi mitundu zachilengedwe kukhala
kulowererana, koma kudula yekha okondwa ndi mpeni a dongosolo lino kudzera
apangidwe olowa. Ndikada, popeza ndiribe ngakhale munthu, zosaloledwa ndi
nthawi, apa za inoyi pamene ine basi kwambiri ankaoneka amuna ena ochokera
nthawi imeneyi kuposa anthu kumwedwa ndi nthawi. Pambuyo pa nkhani
chikhalidwe anagawa kamodzi, komanso chikhalidwe ayenera ntchito yomweyo.
Komabe Mulimonsemo, kuti kufanana ndi kumenyana pakati pa zomera ndi nyama
maufumu konse kuchulukirachulukira koposa zakuya wina akutsika kukhala
maufumu awiri, ndipo kodi limatchula mungafike malire kumene kusiyana
kwenikweni ndithu yochititsa, ndi pa Seraya palibe chachilendo ,

Tinganene kuti munthu angathe kupeza izi kuwonjezeka ndi mbadwa za nyama ndi
zomera kuloerera onse kale mfundo kuwonjezeka kuphweka onse
salembedwa; koma zimachitika ngakhale kumenyana mu khalidwe peculiarities
apamwamba misinkhu mbali inayo pamene akuyandikira undecided malire Ufumu ku
mbali imodzi. Kodi kwambiri Stengliches, nthambi, mphukira mapeto, twining,
Ndalankhula, maluwa ngati, Spirales kumeneko m'munsi malire a nyama; wina
akhoza kunena, nyama masewera pano masquerade pansi yodzibisa ngati chomera
ufumu. Tikawonetsetsa kutaya mu m'munsi magawo masamba ufumu, zomera mwina
awo nthambi, laminar mtundu, zimachitika pano roundish akalumikidzidwa, monga
bowa, pali linanena mitundu, monga kumalongeza pa (amene pa zifukwa
bwinobwino njira apamwamba nyama). Tiyeni tipitirize kufanana amene m'munsi
nyama kupeza ndi zomera chakuti nawo Mofananamo popanda moyo kwa moyo ndi
tiyeni chulukanani ndi magawano, ndi Tikawonetsetsa m'munsi zomera (ambiri
algae) akuyandama mnyamata kubadwa (amene kwambiri m'munsimu ). Zakhala
posachedwapa anapeza mu mtengo zamkati chimakwirira angapo ndithu pansi
ubwenzi nyama (mu chovala cha ascidians ndi zina salpenartigen
tunicates); Tikawonetsetsa ngati bowa zimadziwika chifukwa cha chuma chake
nyama ngati zinthu, etc.
Pankhani kufanana mu mawonekedwe a m'munsi nyama ndi zomera apamwamba,
Mwachitsanzo (monga mkuwa mbale Ehrenbergs lalikulu Infusorienwerke) kufanana
kwa Vortizellen zamaluwa kuchirikiza nthambi zomera. kumene iwo ndi dzina
Maluwa Little Critters. Makamaka wolemera koma ndi gulu la coralline nyama
kufanana ndi zomera.Komanso wosakanikirana kuti ichi mu kuwala, ine nawo kuno
zotsatirazi (weniweni) yothetsa ikulongosola za amene ndi zachilengedwe (Dana)
mwa nyama. Kulikonse mawu (apa chikusonyeza atolankhani), amatikumbutsa
masamba.
"The gulu pomanga matanthwe nyama ndi zotsatira awo Mphukira mapangidwe,
kumene kutuluka zake zonse zosiyanasiyana mitundu. Ena a iwo, monga madrepores,
Gorgonians, Astren etc. zimadziwika bwino ndipo anthu ambiri, ngati si
wosungidwa ambiri ngakhale chokha mitundu; Komabe, pansi awo kanjedza
zosaneneka zosiyanasiyana;ena mukule superimposed adagulung'undisa, mmodzi
cabbages monga masamba, ena anapangidwa ndi wosakhwima, crimped, zoumbika
mosiyanasiyana anakonza timapepala ta.Padziko aliyense pepala ali ndi tizilombo
ting'onoting'ono maluwa, kudzera kukula ndi katulutsidwe, iwo
anatuluka. Timalemekeza kufanana ndi mtengo ndi Akanthuszweige, ndi bowa,
mosses ndi lichens angapezemo. Chotengera madrepores pachingwe cylindrical
m'munsi, amene zophimbidwa mu moyo chikhalidwe ndi Polpynblten; Iwo
zigwirizana zopezera nthambi ndi nthambi, amene Mochititsa chidwi kufalikira ku
likulu lake ndi aphimbidwa lonse ndi akuda tizilombo ting'onoting'ono
zimaswana. The domes wa Astraea ndithu zooneka ndi zambiri kufika awiri a 10 ndi
12 mapazi; ndi Poriteshgel kukhala oposa 20 mapazi mkulu; Palinso zipilala ndi
chibonga woboola pakati, ndi miyala yamtengo wapatali zosiyanasiyana
akalumikidzidwa. "

"Aliyense gulu zoophyte akasupe limodzi lokha polyp, ndi kukula anapitiriza
Mphukira mapangidwe pa mtengo kapena mzikiti kunja 12 phazi awiri kuwerenga
Astrastamm ogwirizana okwana 100,000 ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono,
aliyense. 1/2 Qu inchi ali ;. Pa Porites, amene nyama sadzachitanso L Lin. lonse,
chiwerengero cha amene adzakhala 5 1/2upambana miliyoni. lake choncho ofanana
chiwerengero cha pakamwa ndi mimba mu chomera nyama ogwirizana ndi
zimathandiza ichitikire chakudya, Mphukira mapangidwe, ndi kukulitsa malire a
dziko lonse choncho, nawonso okhaokha laterally chikugwirizana. Apanso pali ena
amene konse kubala masamba ndi moyo munthu m'makola mwawo mwamsanga
pamene ntchito chikho chaching'ono, nthawi zina osaya mbale etc. "
"The zikamba za gulu kusiyana malinga ndi chikhalidwe chawo ubwenzi mzake,
kaya n'zokhudza yekha m'munsi, aliyense akuganizira limodzi mkono, ndipo anthu
onse ayamba mtengo kapena chitsamba chilichonse ngati maonekedwe ;. Kapena iwo
ali mbali kangachepe mzake chikugwirizana kupanga zolimbitsa (zolimbitsa?)
mitundu. Mbali yoyamba, ang'onoang'ono zipanda Adzasonkhanitsa aliyense osiyana
ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, mu zokha lathyathyathya maselo, monga gorgonians,
kumene zotero kutambasula tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, koma chalices akusowa.
" (Dana mu Schleiden ndi mantha. Osati. 1847 wa June. No. 48.)
Mwina mungakumbukire lalikulu kufanana kwa matanthwe nyama ndi zomera
apamwamba nkhawa koma chonsecho polypifers, osati munthu tizilombo
ting'onoting'ono nyama (nyama maluwa). Izo nzoona; koma n'chifukwa chiyani
tiyenera kuyerekezera zosiyanasiyana nyama maluwa ndi zomera lonse, popeza
m'malo basi bwanji okha analogous zinthu ndi munthu chomera maluwa. Funso la
momwe kuyang'ana munthu tizilombo ting'onoting'ono maluwa ndi munthu chomera
maluwa monga palokha anthu, atabwera onse maufumu chimodzimodzi kachiwiri,
ndi chimodzimodzi zifukwa zimene zinachititsa, ngakhale chimene munthu angathe
kusiyanitsa monga payekha lonse chomera, chonsecho chomera ngakhale kuyang'ana
mmbuyo monga kholo, wamangidwa mu munthu anabwera kwambiri kapena
zochepa bwino mmalo lonse tizilombo ting'onoting'ono zidutswa. Limachitika
kwambiri kwa dzira limodzi monga mbewu limodzi lokha mbewu; zake
mawonekedwe evolves ndi amodzi maganizo, koma ndi ufulu; aliyense polyp
likugwirizana ndi zina mwa nyama kanthu pamodzi (makamaka pamene akudutsa
kashiamu dongosolo amakhala Edward a zofufuza za nyama ndi anakafika gulu
kulingalira).
Zikuoneka koma ngakhale kuti kulemba mwachindunji maganizo olima a polyp
timitengo kuti wotsala. Ine imeneyi otsatirawa akuti Ehrenbergs makamaka chidwi
(mu m. Large infusoria-Werke p.69) za wotchuka mpira
nyama, Volvox globator, anaonekera, amene, ngati si a matanthwe nyama, komanso
ngati polyp Stock anthu ambiri osiyanasiyana nyama mitundu imene takhalamo
circumference a dera, chikugwirizana yekha ndi ulusi machubu: "Ngati munthu
achita chinachake buluu kapena zofiira za m'madzi a pansi pa za m'kati, ife tikuona
bwinobwino amphamvu alandira gule Ichi ndi chifukwa cha zipange. onse munthu
zolengedwa amene amalandira monga ng'ombe wa nyama, mbalame sitima, ngakhale

kuimba kapena kuvina anthu ndi gulu wamba mungoli kapena wamba malangizo,
kawirikawiri amatanthauza kukhala wekha popanda lamulo popanda chifuniro
amadziwa kuti. Pali kusambira onse polypifers, ndipo momasuka monga colder
kuweruza zachilengedwe amadziwa zimenezi monga anthu injini, wopangidwa mwa
mphamvu ndi sichisinthasinthanso wamba zolinga chikhalidwe chimene chimafuna
chaluntha ntchito kuti abut zochepa kwambiri mulibe chilolezo, akhoza
kunyengedwa. Palibe ayenera kukumbukira kuti lililonse cholengedwa kutengeka
ziwalo nazo, zimene maso mofanana, ndi kuti iwo satero Choncho akhungu mu
madzi nayenso, koma onyadira tizichita zinthu monga nzika za wathu verdicts kutali
lalikulu dziko kupindula ndi kutengeka-wolemera kuli, ifenso chikondi, kuuza yekha
nafe. "
The lonse funso la ubwenzi ndi makolo wamng'ono individualities ndi thupi
ndiponso maganizo mbali konse mpaka tsopano akadali kwambiri mdima. Mmodzi
Musaiwale kuti akadali kwambiri kusiyana kukhala pakati pawo konse afanana ndi
zomera polyp timitengo, ndipo inu simungakhoze kuchita popanda lalikulu mosamala
mfundo ndi kufanizira kwa wina ndi mzake. N'zotheka kuti chomera koma zambiri
mgwirizano womangidwa okhalapo akanatero ngati matanthwe kutentha. Osachepera
ine sindiri kudziwa kuti ife anaona pa matanthwe zophuka kotero molimba mtima
kwa olima ziwalo zonse, monga ife kudziwa pa mbewu mu 13 chigawo.
Pogwiritsa ntchito pamwamba awiri zizindikiro munthu kunena kwa matanthwe
zophuka, wowonjezera kutentha lonse ndi chomera kuti tizilombo ting'onoting'ono
mu aliyense maganizo ndi nyama. Ngakhale pamalo amene chakudya akutengedwa (a
m'mimba mwa munthu polyp), kulikonse invaginations, koma pali indentations
angapezeke pa zolosera za kukula, ndi Tikawonetsetsa apamwamba zamoyo, zomwe
kuonedwa monga nyama wonse, izo protuberances (Villi), amene polojekiti, kotero
kuti chakudya kuchotsedwa indentations (m'mimba thirakiti).
Poganizira mwapadera lalikulu kusintha zambiri zimachitika yomweyo zolengedwa
zonse mwa nyama monga masamba ufumu nthawi zosiyana nthawi moyo, ndipo ena
otsika-atagona nyama monga modabwitsa kwambiri chidwi, komanso ngakhale
tizilombo, choncho ukhoza Ndipotu ndiribe kanthu zosaneneka kuti cholengedwa
angasinthe nyama ndi masamba khalidwe lokha mu kusintha kwa nyengo
moyo. Kodi chichitike m'munsi zolengedwa kusinthidwa umenewu, uko ndi zitsanzo
wofanana ndi kutsogolera mosakayikira pafupi kukangana panobe ngati ichinso
kupita mpaka kwenikweni enieni nyama kwenikweni chomera, kapena mosinthanitsa
kuti, ; kuti adzalola pa nkhani ya pamwamba tiganizira, palibe zochita kuposa
umasinthasintha. 2)
2)

Yerekezerani pamwamba kusintha pakati pa nyama ndi zomera makamaka

malemba otsatirawa ndi treatises: Unger, mbewu panyengo ya
Tierwerdung. Vienna. 1843. - Ktzing, za kusintha kwa infusoria m'munsi
uliwonse algae. Nordhausen. 1844. yemweyo mu Linnaea. 1833. - Siebold,
Dissertatio de A finibus yapakati Regnum Animale neri vegetal
constituendis. Erlangae. 1844. - Meyen mu Rob. Brown, Zina Zambiri
Zolemba. Lolembedwa ndi Nees v. Esenbeck. IV. S. 327 neri seq. Ndipo. Mu

m. Bzalani Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa - Thuret, Recherches Sur

les organes locomoteurs ndi spores wa algues mu Ann. ndi SC.
nat. Botanique. 1843. T. XIX. - (A buku la yapita kuzipenya angapezeke
makamaka mu Ktzings Lemba, ndipo mwatsatanetsatane ndi Meyen mu
Brown siginecha.

Schleiden (. Grundz I. 265) limati ndithudi, nthawi zonse aukali, koma sayansi
achangu m'njira: "Only kuti wosangalatsa zongoganiza odwala sayansi, koma si
bwino, kudzikonda kumvetsa masoka nzeru, akhoza kudza kwa amenewa Maganizo
oterowo kuti zolengedwa posachedwapa kamodzi nyama, posachedwapa kamodzi
kungakhale chomera. Kodi zimenezi zingatheke, kotero akanakhalabe chophweka
kwambiri chinali nthawiyina posachedwapa nsomba, nthawi zina ngakhale mbalame,
kapena posachedwapa Chikumbu, posachedwapa angakhale duwa, ndiyeno athu onse
sayansi Kukanakhala kupusa ndi tingachite bwino kukula mbatata ndi kudya, koma
analoseranso si choncho kuti iwo sadzakhala mbewa mbathawa. "
Ine Komabe kukumbukira mawu, zimene Grabbe, kudzera molimba mtima, koma
ena kumpanda limanena zoona lake lina masewero: "mdierekezi kwambiri Mulungu
kuposa mite" umene uli pafupi zofanana mfundo: mngelo kungakhale mosavuta mu
mwankhanza kuposa kuwasandutsa Mfuko. Kodi tinganene ndi ena choonadi kuno ku
monyanyira apamwamba chitukuko awiri otsutsanawa maufumu, adzayenera ntchito
koposa kwa monyanyira otsika chitukuko kuganizira chokulirapo
kuphweka; adzakhala kwambiri ndi kosavuta kusintha mu wina ndi mnzake monga
kwambiri mumtima ndi apamwamba chitukuko mu ufumu uliwonse okha.
Maumboni okha, ndi Ine ndikuchita ndi awa:
Kuti ena algae (Chophweka zomera za m'madzi) mu infusoria, ndi mosemphanitsa,
adutse, wakhala ndithu kale nthawi zambiri ananena ndi kufunsana
mobwerezabwereza; Pali posachedwapa monga mosamala ndi odalirika kuzipenya za
makamaka Von Flotow ndi Ktzing kuti athandize panopa salinso Ndithu kumbali ya
adani. Koma nkhani iyi ndithudi, wamng'ono zolengedwa akanali (Von Flotow
anayamba) njira, pachifukwa chomwecho kuti kusanduka zomera kapena azipeze
powona Makonzedwe, kufotokoza kwa zomera.
Wochepa thovu, kumene red-utoto nkhani ya chisanu pali (Protococcus nivalis),
chifukwa tosaoneka zomera (algae) anali woyamba kudzaonerera yemweyo
(Ehrenberg Agardh, Decandolle, Hooker, Unger, Martius, Harvey,)
ankaona; Ehrenberg Ngakhale zinali zovuta kusunga kubalana ya anthu wochokera
ku Alpine zomera ku Berlin, pamene iye anafesa anagonjera zitsanzo m'nyengo
yozizira 1838 chisanu. The plantlets kuchuluka cheke mu osawerengeka, ndi
Mutterkrperchen anaonekera kanthu, koma anali wachinyamata osati wofiira koma
wobiriwira (a chodabwitsa chimene zimaonekera ambiri wofiira algae), ndipo
amavala ngakhale wa nyama chilengedwe, koma m'malo chabwino-grained, lobed
mbewu nthaka ndi rootlets pa Seraya, zomwe Ehrenberg anali anakakamizika, pansi
pa dzina Sphaerella nivalis ayenera kukhala m'gulu la matope. Pakali pano anapeza

ena omuona, monga Voigt ndi Meyen kuti reddening kanthu m'malo linapatsa
akalumikidzidwa ndi kayendedwe ka infusoria; anamufotokozera kuyambira
nyama. Shuttleworth potsiriza wosiyana mwina infusoria, mwina algae mu izo. Izi
zotsutsana, amene ankaoneka kuti kumasulira monga kutanthauza kuti mwambo anali
zosiyanasiyana nkhani pamaso pake, koma kupasuka ndi osamala kuyang'anila
amene Flotow pa mmodzi, red-utoto nkhani ya chisanu kwambiri kuwafotokozera,
koma mmalo pa chisanu, opezeka madzi a mvula zomera kapena
nyama,Haematococcus pluvialis, anapanga. Izi, ongokhala tosaoneka, kwambiri
wosakhwima, ozungulira, chonyezimira, wofiira matuza, poyamba anavumbula chabe
masamba chikhalidwe, koma kuponyedwa limalephera pansi yoyenera zinthu,
kupyolera zosiyanasiyana wapakatikati mitundu bwino inachokera, mu
infusoria (Astasia pluvialis) ndi rsselfrmigem (nthawi zina gablig cleaved) sensa
ndi zizindikiro zonse za kufuna kuyenda mozungulira; pambuyo amene ali ndi
zifukwa kuonedwa mu masamba ndi nyama boma la red-utoto nkhani ya chisanu
yekha kosiyana omwewo cholengedwa (makamaka Flotow Astasia pluvialis kukhala
Shuttleworth Astasia nivalis ntchito wofiira chisanu). Popeza Flotow wagwira
mwachibwanabwana, "zingachitike wa Haematococcus koma mwina kwathunthu
nyama kapena chomera lonse" akunena tsopano ndithudi, kuyenda H. "ali okha
kungoganiza pokhalaAstasia anaulandira", kaya Yekha kwathunthu nyama khalidwe
kayendedwe pozindikira. (Nov. Act. Acad. Leop. Car. 1843. T. XX. P. 413.)
Kuchokera Ktzings kuzipenya kusonyeza kuti infusorium Chlamidomonas
pulvisculus ngakhale angapo kusintha amatha kuti kwa Iye anaganiza algae
mitundu Stygeocloniumzimapangika kumalo, kusintha, koma kuti pali zochitika zina
azipeze powona izo, amenenso kunyamula anaganiza algae khalidwe pa Seraya,
ngakhale iwo akhoza kumwedwa ngati matalala Infusorienformen mu zoti mwina mu
maonekedwe akunja. (Iwo anabwera ndicho tetraspora LUBRICA kapena gelatinosa,
palmella botryoides, Protococcus - ndi Gygestypologies monga zosiyanasiyana
chitukuko aonekere.) Malinga ndi chimodzimodzi, infusorium kusandulika Enchelys
pulvisculus mu Protococcus ndi wotsiriza mu Odzillatorie.(Ktzing, za kusintha kwa
infusoria m'munsi uliwonse algae. Nordhausen. 1844.)
Angapo algae (Zoospermae), onse ndondomeko monga unarticulated, ndi zina
m'munsi zomera (bowa, Nostok), zinaonetsa kuti mbewu mbewu (spores sporidia, ndi
mbewu zina amatchedwa) kwa kholo chomera akuphulikira zotero kwa kanthawi
kupanga mwaufulu kuwonekera infusorienhnliche kuyenda mu madzi (momwe muli
ena akalumikidzidwa kuzindikira mwa iwo, ndani kwenikweni anafotokoza
Ehrenberg monga infusoria) Choncho, kuyambira za maola angapo kukonza ndi
kumera, kuti tsopano ndi kutentha monga mayi chomera limachitika. Ngakhale kuti
mbewu mbewu bwanji mumtima palibe nyama bungwe, koma kunja ngati wina
amaona ngati ciliated kapena chikwapu ngati ziwalo, zimene china yotani
kayendedwe ka m'munsi nyama, makamaka ambiri ananena infusoria, lalikulu
udindo.
Kodi zachilendo zopambana izi asagwire yekha, monga mmodzi otsatirawa
ndimeyi mu Lemba Ungers: mukuona "Zomera panyengo ya Tierwerdung". Kukhala
mu makalata kwa mzanga, zizindikiro mu Vaucheria clavata ndi "Ngati inu

mwatsatira ine mpaka apa, kotero inu simungakhoze mwina mukuyembekezera

kwambiri mkulu kuti si: wakhala anafotokoza kuti kuchoka sporidium, iye anati (p
2l) koma ine ndikukuuzani inu, ngakhale wildest kuthawira zapamwamba
outperformed. Inde, kwenikweni ndi chozizwitsa, chotero derogation kuchokera
ambiri malamulo a buku, kuti munthu akhoza kuganiza kuti chilengedwe anali kani
analola ndakatulo chilolezo kuno pamene chophimba achoka chitsanzo chimene iwo
akhoze tsiku ndi ola lililonse miliyoni nthawi anasonyeza yekha ndi kuwala akafuna
ndipo komabe amasonyezera: - akuya ndi kuopsa kwa kufunika kubereka ana ake
payekha mapazi, koma yosangalatsa zedi ayenera amtchula, ngati kwaiye yochepa
ngati makhalidwe a onse osiyana, mosiyana ndi opanga, monga Tingaone ndendende
m'dongosolo choncho.
More chidwi ndi zopambana izi, ngati wina imawamatiriza pamodzi ndi ofanana
kwambiri, amene amagwa mu anati nyama. Mazira (kani kupempha atsopano
maganizo mazira) ambiri (mwina onse) anthu m'munsi nyama, umene zambiri
m'lingaliro amatchedwa zoophytes awo mwakhama alikukhala ndi mbewu monga
kukula, ndicho kukhala ofanana kwambiri ophweka m'gulu kuti mbewu mbewu ya
matope, ikuyenda bwino mpaka nthawi momasuka ndi eyelash ziwalo mu madzi ndi
adzadziphatika mpaka patapita kuti kupitiriza kukula zomera zofanana. Iwo akapeza
kwambiri wangwiro kufanizira pakati algae ndi zoophytes malo pankhaniyi. Inde,
ngakhale ndi ena apamwamba lolemekezeka nyama anabwera ku malire pamaso
chofanana.
A zambiri amakumana ndi zambiri pankhani imeneyi ndikusiyirani ena yodalirika
malangizo:
Wochepa algae Vaucheria clavata Agdh. (Ectosperma clavata Vauch.) Okwanira
ogwirizana anthu ambiri, mwa mawonekedwe kochepa khushoni woboola pakati
kuwaika, pamwamba pa miyala osaya mofulumira loyenda madzi a pakati pa
Ulaya. Amatanthauza nthambi unarticulated payipi ku anayamba
limati 37/10000 Wien. Inchi m'mimba mwake.umaimira, limene liri ndi mtundu
wobiriwira kwa mkati chlorophyll. Tsopano mwachibadwa zinthu ndi yopingasa
khoma limawonekera pa pamwamba Endtriebe mu poyamba yosavuta hoses, ndi
potero chifukwa chapamwamba dipatimenti kupita ku colorless, patsale-granular
mankhwala n'kupanga ku chiyambi khungu conformal chubu (Sporidium) pamaso
pake, amene anapanga kuchokera ciliated epithelium. Mu malingaliro ake, yaing'ono
chabe kufufuza wa gulu Tingaone. Ndi kutupa ndi kucha sporidium imodzi ndi
kupatulira mutu wa mayi chubu kudzera mayamwidwe (kuwonjezeka) utaphulika
iwo, ndi sporidium amakankhira chopapatiza kutsegula "amangosankha" ndipo
potsiriza ngakhale onsewo kayendedwe kunja. Izi imatenga mphindi zochepa. The
sporidium ali atachoka peyala kapena ovoid mawonekedwe amene pang'onopang'ono
akusintha wokhazikika chowulungika, kapena ellipsoidal. Atamasulidwa mayi hoses
"amaulukira mwa osangalala mofulumira kuyenda mu madzi ndipo, chofunika
osiyanasiyana padziko chimodzimodzi infusorium." The zoyenda nthawi zonse mu
malangizo kuchokera kumanzere onsewo ndi imodzi patsogolo. A ndi yozunguzidwa
iyo cilia uniformly azikhala epithelium umabala chomwecho. Ngati munthu achita

chinachake anagawa utoto m'madzi, kotero inu mukhoza kuona mmene kanyamaka,
ndi kupanga cilia. Posakhalitsa bata kusintha "amangosankha" ndi kayendedwe ku
lotsiriza lonse ndi 2 hours. Zolemba malire chidwi mmene sporidia kuyenda
mosamala kupewa mavuto monga iwo anatumiza kudzera mwa minofu ya rungs
wa Vaucheria kuukoka ndi ayizembe mzake Choncho chimachitika komanso konse
kukhalapo kapena anagwa. Kwambiri kapena zochepa chonse cha ntchofu, kuipaka
wotchedwa chlorophyll, anagawira ndithu kusakhazikika, kuli yaying'ono kuposa
kutsogolo mbali m'manja mwa matako, ali yekha kuzindikira chitetezo matupi,
amene kwambiri chiwerengero cha mumtima chikhalidwe cha sporidium. Ndi kutha
kwa kayendedwe, ndi ellipsoid kusintha kwa ozungulira mawonekedwe onse cilia
kutha mwadzidzidzi, popanda kudziwa kumene iwo; mtundu wobiriwira ndi
anagawira uniformly, ndi kunyezimira chilungamo cha epithelium ndi lidzasinthidwa
wosakhwima homogeneous nembanemba zomera. Pasanathe maola 12, chikhodzodzo
anawonjezera yomweyo aneurysm pa chimodzi kapena ziwiri malo mwakamodzi,
ndipo pali Choncho zochitika za kumera. The zamoyo wa machubu akupitiriza
mofulumira. Pa dzanja limodzi ndipamene muzu dongosolo, kupanga zomera
zikukhazikitsa, pamene winayo ukugwirizana ndi anawonjezera, nthambi ndi kuti
m'masiku 14 yomweyo sporulation. - Hot madzi, ngakhale pa 20 R amachita
mnzake pa kusuntha sporidia, Komano umabala kutentha ndilo yozizira koopsa
mpaka madzi poyamba, ngakhale kuti kum'dula pakamwa wa kayendedwe ndipo
ngakhale vegetative moyo zochitika opangidwa osapha koma. Kuwala kulandidwa ali
mofulumira kwambiri kutha kwa kayendedwe ndi kumera ndi kupewedwa.The
galvanic panopa ali ofanana mphamvu monga infusoria; chofooka mankhwala
ochititsa ndipo amachititsa irregularity mu gulu; wamphamvu ntchito nthawi
yomweyo imfa.Maminolo zidulo, alkalis kwambiri salt akhala oopsa mu ochepa
zedi. Anali mu concentr. Anabweretsa njira ya sulphate a morphine mosangalala
akuyandama majeremusi, kotero yemweyo kumva, ngakhale poyamba kusuntha,
pambuyo yochepa koma iwo anayamba kusuntha, koma poyamba anavina mu
chodabwitsa mabwalo, ngati iwo anali mu mkhalidwe dzanzi, ndipo pambuyo
maminiti pang'ono analowa mtendere. Ngakhale mphamvu anali
Opiumertrakt; Angakhale ang'ono mlingo, kusungunuka m'madzi, anabweretsa
ziwalo zopeka kayendedwe ndi imfa. Mu concentr. Haidrojeni cyanide, wamng'ono
ndi ofanana mbali. Kuchepetsedwa madzi amene ankakonda tinapezanso mphamvu
mmwamba akuyandama sporidia anali mwadzidzidzi ima. A kujambula wa utoto,
monga infusoria analola kubweretsa njira iliyonse. (Malinga Unger a siginecha :.
Zomera panyengo ya Tierwerdung)
Thyret mwa spores wa Conferva glomerata ndi rivularis, Chaetophora elegans var.
Pisiformis, Prolifera rivularis ndi candollii Leclerc kudalira ofanana zochitika za
ciliated kapena chikwapu ngati ziwalo mwachindunji wapezeka. (Ann. Of SC. Nat. 2
Ser. T. XIX.)
"Achlya prolifera (a Gallertalge) ali mitundu iwiri ya spores, wamkulu kuti
mawonekedwe aang'ono nambala ozungulira sporangia, ndi ang'onoang'ono, kukhala
mu ochuluka mu unaltered filamentary mapeto ziwalo. Pakutha mamembala
anapambulwa pa nthawi ya Sporenreife ndi yaing'ono chivundikiro, atatsala pang'ono

kugwa spores mu piringupiringu gululi, wirtliche, nthawi zambiri kusintha kwa malo
chikuchitika. Izi kayendedwe akupitiriza pambuyo kumaliseche kwa kanthawi
anapitiriza ndi kumva potsiriza zimene chimathandiza zambiri zimamera patangotha
maola ochepa. Ngati mapeto kugwirizana ndi anadzikhuthula, kawirikawiri limakula
latsopano amenewa membala, kuyambira lotsatira kugawa, mu mu izo, nthawi
zambiri ataima okhazikika okalamba ndithu kudzazidwa. Mu mwendo watsopano
anapanga kachiwiri spores, kenako ayenera kudzera awiri mipata pa nthawi yake
kubwereketsa ndi Nthawi zina yaitali padziko fluctuate awiri cell makoma, mpaka
atafika yachiwiri yoyamba. Koma chigweranso kuti nkhabe kukwaniritsa Njira
yachiwiri ndi chiyani mwa akulu payipi osachepera chiyambi cha kumera.
"(Schleiden, Grundz. I. 264.)
"The mazira a Campanularia geniculata (Sertularia geniculata zinyalala.) Kodi
elongated cylindrical kapena peyala woboola pakati, kwathunthu unazunguliridwa
ndi wosakhwima khungu chubu ngati thupi, popanda pakamwa ndi opanda pang'ono
kufufuza wa bungwe mkati. Awo pamwamba ali ndi zedi zambiri zabwino cilia
umene iwo anaika angathe kuchita mofulumira kayendedwe ngati infusoria
kusambira pozungulira mu madzi, ndi kufunafuna malo, amene ndi udindo wawo
anapitiriza kukula kwambiri yoyenera. Pambuyo yochepa infusoriellen chikhalidwe
iwo kupeza litayamba ngati mawonekedwe, adzadziphatika chinthu ndi kuyendetsa
payipi ngati kutambasuka, amene si ngakhale osiyana pa chiyambi anthu a
germinating Algensporidien thupi. Choncho, nyama sadzalowa mu yachiwiri ya
moyo wake, mu polyp siteji, limene yekha anapanga pambuyo dzanja ziwalo
kubalana kukhala -. ndithu monga ndi mazira a modabwitsa ndi a Ehrenberg, Siebold
a (nsanamira. z Naturgesch, ndi invertebrates. Gdask. 1839), ndipo makamaka ndi
M. akuti sar a kuzipenya ndi Medusa aurita ndi Cyanea capillata (Chipilala. F.
Naturgesch. 1841. p.9). Kamodzi yemweyo kusiya mayi manja, ali chabe mfundo
zikuluzikulu, chowulungika kapena peyala woboola pakati, pang'ono wothinikizidwa
matupi, popanda pakamwa ndipo popanda kufufuza wa gulu mkati. Thupi lanu ndi
yofewa, chabe imakhala yabwino kwambiri-grained nsalu ndipo zikuoneka internally
lalikulu kuphanga. Kukhala ndi mawonekedwe a thupi mizere. Kusindikiza ataima
cilia kuphimba dziko lonse pamwamba pa thupi uniformly ndi kulola yemweyo
kuchita kayendedwe mbali zonse ndipo m'njira infusoria. - Mu kusambira iwo
zambiri zokhudza awo kotenga olamulira ndi yosamveka mapeto patsogolo. Only
pambuyo pa nthawi imene iwo infusoriellen moyo anatsirizika, iwo anakhala pansi
ndi kutsogolo kwa yoikidwiratu, kutsika phesi ngati kutambasuka pamene
atazungulira tentacles maganizo limapezeka pa anyamata padziko, amene
akadzafutukula m'kamwa ndi m'mimba, chotero iwo akhale ndi tizilombo
ting'onoting'ono, kulowerera nthambi ndi kufalitsa mwa ichi osati ndi mtanda
Chigawo okha ndalama azipeze powona Ouerteilung anyamata kukhala ndi
mawonekedwe ndi gulu la Akalephen. (Ungers wosasintha 88.)
"The Vortizelle anayamba tsinde linagawanika (ndi limawalitsira khungu?), Mitima
mmbuyo nsidze, peels ku mapesi, Amayendayenda amkoka (pambuyo yachiwiri
molting?) The mmbuyo akulankhula mokalipa kachiwiri, kapena adzautaya, ndipo
akuyamba yekha kubwerera excrete ndi tsinde kuti banja mtengo ndi chimodzimodzi

kosaleka kubwereza. "(Ehrenberg mu m. Ntchito pa infusoria P. 290.)

Pambuyo Burmeister ndi Cirripoden, ndicho Anatisen, ndi kuswa wa linagwira
patsogolo awiri minofu lotayirira tentacles ndi suckers, mbali zitatu awiriawiri
bristled endigende, pang'ono bifurcated forked mapazi, kwa diso, crystalline disolo
ndi wakuda pigment alipo diso, ndi tiwolokere padziko momasuka; koma Aika ndi
zida zomatira pa nthawi ina, kotero iwo akukula ndi minofu phesi ndi kuponyera ndi
pakhungu, tentacles ndi maso, pamene awiriawiri mapazi kawiri timasintha n'kukhala
ambiri nthenga, wopotoka mipesa. (Burmeister zopereka mbiri ya barnacles. Berlin.
1834.)
Pambuyo Nordmann ali wamkazi Lernaeocera cyprinacea monga idzatulukira
dzira, wamba mawonekedwe ena khansa tiziromboti nyama, ndicho ochepa feelers,
awiri awiriawiri mapazi ndi diso limodzi; iye ali koma tsogolo lawo malo okhala
anafunafuna ndi thandizo la ziwalo zimenezi ndi nsomba ndi linali thupi kumizidwa
kwambiri nyama, kotero thupi lake otembenuka mofulumira anthu ziwalo mosavuta
yamphamvu, ndipo kungakhale pa ngakhale ngakhale minofu kapena azindikire
mitsempha, pamene m'mimba ziwalo akupitiriza kuphunzitsa nokha ndi zobereka
ziwalo kukhala. Tsopano iye amakhala mpaka imfa yake mu anakumba awo recess
kudzala ofanana kuyamwa chakudya nyama ya nsomba ndi amuna, amene akuoneka
kuti kudya awo Kote, momwe koma kwenikweni ndi galimoto ziwalo nkhokwe
kubala mwana. (Nordmann, Micrographic nsanamira. Z. Naturgesch. Of
invertebrates. Berlin. 1830. Nkhani II. S. 123 neri seq.)
Kuwonjezera pa zimenezi kayendedwe, amene amasonyeza mongoyembekezera
boma chitukuko ena m'munsi zomera zamoyo, kuphatikizapo zachilendo zochitika za
kayendedwe zosiyanasiyana ndipo sachita anazindikira kufunika mu anayamba
m'munsi zomera zamoyo okha alipo, amene angathe kukumbukira nyama zochitika
ndi akhoza fluctuate, nthawi zina ngakhale ngati inu simutero m'malo pano
kulankhula za nyama kuposa wa mbewu.
"Ambiri kupanda zochitika zimene Oszillatorien yaing'ono algal mtundu (imene
ena m'malo zinyama chikhalidwe), amasonyeza. Iwo amaoneka ngati yochepa ulusi
kuchokera kwambiri waukulu kuposa kale cylindrical maselo kuziluka pamodzi,
wodzazidwa ndi wobiriwira nsalu ndi verschiedenartigem, mwina madzi mwina
granular okhutira. The pamwamba aliyense ulusi pang'ono tapered ndipo anamaliza,
nthawi zambiri limpid ndi colorless. Malingana ngati iwo vegetate bwino asonyeze
ulusi ndi zitatu kayendedwe, ndi alternating wamng'ono kupindika kutsogolo kwa,
theka-pendulum ngati, theka-zotanuka kupinda mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo kutsogolo
theka ndipo pang'onopang'ono nyamuka. Izi kayendedwe ali anati nthawi zambiri
nthawi imodzi, nthawi zambiri payekha. Muli (limati Schleiden) chinachake
chachirendo, ine ndikufuna kunena miyambo, pa Seraya. " (Schleiden, Grundz. II.
549.) Ngati kugwirizana Oszillatorien mu chipinda cha mdima ndipo anapanga
chochitika mwa otsegula kuwala, onse Oszillatorien tinyamuke pambuyo kutsegula
ndi kutha kwa otsala a mdima danga la chotengera. (Vaucher, Hist. Of conf.
D'Zikavutitsitsa ankangomwa douce. 171.) Kuti mumve zambiri zokhudza
kayendedwe ka Oszillatorien m. Mu Meyen a Physiol. III. 443rd

"Inu kugwetsera wa Spongie (by ena nyama anayesedwa) makombo a patsale

mankhwala kuchokera, kotero kusonyeza Dujardin poyamba ima pansi pa za m'kati,
koma ndi okwanira chiwalitsiro Tingaone ya m'mbali anamaliza mandala zolosera
chimene mwamuna wotchuka aliyense kusintha nthawi ndi kukula ndi chidule.
Nthawi zina ngakhale ang'onoang'ono mapale a 1/100 mpaka 1/200 mamilimita
pang'onopang'ono zokwawa kusuntha pa galasi ndi anthu zako. D. akufuna
zodabwitsazi mu Spongia panicea, Cliona celata ndi Spongillandasunga kuyambira
1835. Komanso, anaona pa m'mbali mwa chi- nsalu za ulusi Spongilla kutuluka wa
msinkhu chakudya chokoma, ndi ingathandize tikuyamba undulating kayendedwe,
kuti pa yaing'ono akutali ambiri m'dera kayendedwe, mosiyana ndi tafotokozazi,
anachititsa. " Kutsutsa potero okondwa nyama chikhalidwe cha Spongillen tsopano,
popanda kusowa kwa m'mimba, ndi kuzipenya Hoggs kuti Spongille awo wobiriwira
mtundu yekha mwa mphamvu ya kuwala ndipo kudzipatula kutaya, kusintha
m'kuunika mpweya, ndi zomera ofanana ndi zidulo kuchita etc. Wiegm. Chipilala.
1839 II p. 197. 1841. II. S. 410.)
Mu deciduous ndi chiwindi Mosen, charen ndi Mumapezekanso kukhala maselo
awo otchedwa antheridia kapena anthers (amene tanthauzo Komabe, ngati,
natsutsana) helical ulusi (uliwonse cell wina Thuret mu charen N'kuthekanso awiri),
amene, ngati maselo anabwera pansi madzi, kupanga kusiyana kuyenda mozungulira
nguli, ngakhale pambuyo pa kuwononga Zellchens gululi kwa kanthawi kwa madzi
kupitiriza ndipo chitani pano. Munthu ali ndi mwauzimu ulusi ndi otchedwa
spermatozoa (umuna) nyama poyerekeza (ngakhale adakhulupirira kuona bristles
kapena cholinga nsonga izo), popanda Komabe, zili ndi ufulu chifukwa amati iwo
zofanana ntchito. Kuti mumve zambiri m. Mu Meyen, Physieol. III 208ff. Schleiden, Grundz. II 48, 66. 77. -. Wiegm. Chipilala. I. 1837. 430, 1838. I. 212. II.
85. 1839. II. 45. 1841. II. 423rd
The maselo kayendedwe amene kupanga mkanda wa mungu zili pambuyo
kuyambika amaoneka kuti ndalama, malinga ndi kafukufuku wa posachedwapa, ndi
chidwi ndi zimene iwo amati mwamsanga otsamira. (Ndalama. Schleiden, Grundz. 11
303.)
Nthawi zomera mabanja a Charazeen, naiads ndi Hydrocharideen ndi Fruchtstiel
ya Young Haussmannien ali iri yonse yochepetsetsa ya losavuta pa dzanja limodzi
kukwera, kutsika tsidya panopa mmodzi mwa mtundu, kugwirizana (sliminess) ndi
insolubility
mu laamadzimadzi
zakumwa otsala madzi bwino selo madzi kusunga
Contribuu a millorar
traducci
osiyana madzimadzi amene ali kumvera mwa makamaka yodziwika chakuti mikanda
ali mu madzi (wowuma, wotchedwa chlorophyll, mucilage, etc.) akupitiriza, koma
nthawi zambiri kuzindikiridwa bwino moti okha. (Onani mu Schleiden, Grundz. II. P
256.)

Text original

XIII. Mgwirizano ndi centralization zomera

chamoyo.
Chirichonse zingakhale zosangalatsa kwambiri, uwauze kuti, ngati okha chamoyo
zomera kwenikweni sanalemekeze umodzi, centralization, chotero thoroughgoing

kulumikiza, kuwombola ndi kutsatira-ubale zigawo zonse ndi mbali zake dongosolo
ndi moyo, monga pophatikizana ndi kuzungulira kwa ntchito monga ya anthu ndi
nyama kuti tipeze mu lolingana mawu a mgwirizano ndi ulamuliro wa moyo
akhoza. Koma izo siziri. Kodi chomera kwenikweni kuposa gulu la kunja spliced
maselo; pamene chinachake ndi zimene kumatithandiza likulu la ofala kufunika
akuyimila zonse hinwiese amene tikalandire onse galimoto mmene ubongo wa
nyama; kumene chilichonse ankatha, onse yolumikiza mphamvu ndi moyo
chimakwirira nokha? Chifukwa kunja ofunda mawu, ndi ozungulira mawonekedwe
sanayambebe mu mphamvu ndi zochita lonse chomera akukwana
kum'manga. Kusakhala mbali ya mbewu koma amasamala kwambiri za zimene
zikuchitika mu lina. Kugwetsera chidutswa wake ndi kudzala ndi; ilo limakula
mosalekeza umboni, ndi mbewu umene chinang'ambika izo, amadziwikanso kukula
mosalekeza, ngati kanthu zinachitika. Kuti sizimawoneka ngati pophatikizana mwa
kumangako unit moyo. Kwambiri music, mochuluka anthu pa mtengo; kwenikweni
mochuluka maselo zambiri anthu; alibe malire. Tiyeni kumvera katswiri kwa katswiri
pa izo:
"Selo," anatero Schleiden, "wakudya lokha ndi zake chikhalidwe m'njira
yosiyana." (Schleiden, Grundz. II p. 464.)
"The ufulu wa moyo wa munthu maselo mukhoza kupita ndi zina cell njira
zikuchitika amene ali popanda kufunika kwa moyo wa moyandikana maselo, ndipo
motero lonse chomera," (Ebendas. II p. 464.)
"The zakudya lonse chomera alipo mwa zakudya zawo munthu maselo." (P 466)
"The mbewu monga kwenikweni mwa morphological kugwirizana physiologically
palokha pulayimale ziwalo." (P 470)
"The cell tingakhale ngati yaing'ono palokha, moyo okha chamoyo view.
Kuyambira ake okongola, yemweyo madzi chakudya zinthu zimatenga, yemweyo
ndipamene ndi mankhwala zako, amene amakhala yogwira mkati mwa selo,
zipangizo zatsopano ... Mvula mu Game ya mayamwidwe ndi excretion wa zinthu,
mankhwala mapangidwe, kusintha ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinthu ndi moyo wa cell
ndi - popeza mbewu kwenikweni kanthu koma Uwerenge ambiri maselo umanena
linalake mawonekedwe - ndi moyo wa lonse zomera. "(Schleiden, mbewu. 41.)
"Aliyense selo monga eneyi osiyana moyo kwa iwo okha." (Ebendas. 47.)
Tinganene momveka bwino, timamva izo apa ndi katswiri: mbewu kukhala wonse
kanthu, selo chirichonse? Ngakhale mbewu wathu organic, moyo, ndipo, koma si
onse zachilengedwe chamoyo, mitundu, kukwera mu gawo lake. Iwo anachokera mu
nthaka, komabe wamkulu pansi ngati tsitsi la mitu yathu; awo njira pamene regsamer
kuposa tsitsi, osati mosiyana la England cha thupi lathu, zimene mitundu yonse ya
zipangizo ndi kukonzedwa ndi cholinga lonse. Choncho mu mbewu mpweya, kuwala,
olimba zipangizo za dziko lakunja ndi kukonzedwa mu mwanjira yachilendo ndi
cholinga lonse. Amene akufuna kuwona Leberdrschen ndi moyo kwa iwo
okha; Komanso chachikulu chifukwa, chotero wopezera mu mbewu? Choncho tiyeni
osachepera mbewu organically, otentha moyo, msiyeni iye ali ndi lingaliro la

chilengedwe chake ndi mamangidwe imvera; koma ngati si koma kukhala chomaliza
umboni Organic, ndi kudzikonda kukuzungulira, ili zurckbeziehendes okha moyo,
mulole lingaliro, amene umamvera awo kukhala ndi moyo, osati anafuna mu ake
immanent moyo mfundo. Mulungu mzimu amakonda kuvala mu chidzalo cha dziko
lake maganizo ndi mfundo za zomera mawonekedwe moyo wokha, koma si moyo
wake, mfundo, ngakhale moyo wanu, moyo, umene mbewu.
Kodi osiyana zonse izi ndi nyama! Chinyama chamoyo atseka lokha mu za
zimaonetsedwa kuti kukuzungulira palokha, anati allwegs kumbuyo. Chifukwa inu
mukhoza kugwetsera chirichonse ndi zomera okha, ndi kumene ndi mmene losreie
chinachake, amamvera lonse. Umodzi wonse ndi unalipo ndi mwa wina ndi mzake
pamene iwo ali. Ngati aliyense wa ena Machitidwe aliyense kachiwiri mwa kuyimira
pakati kwa ena mu dera yokha. Kaya yolamulira likulu bodza, ndipo kungakhale, kuti
zili kwa munthu aliyense mfundo, koma zedi mu mavuto alipo, amene chimango
chonse ndi onse ankhondo kugonjera iye.
Ndinkafuna utsi zonse zimene tinganene lingaliro limeneli; Inde ndinkadziwa kuti
mupeze ndi kunena zambiri chidwi mu tinganene kuti, Ndikanakonda kunena izo
chifukwa ine sindinali ayizembe anthuwo, koma kuti akakumane
nawo. Mwinamwake ine ndinatero, koma ngakhale kale zambiri mpaka ndikufuna
kunena; muyenera ichi ndiye basi kuchotsera. Si zonse anapanga cogent bwino mu
usilikali ndipo anapitiriza padera, izo safuna kukhala zathu; chifukwa inu mukuyesera
kuchepetsa kwa zotheka bwino bwino, kotero izo adzabwera chokha. N'chifukwa
ndiye anayamba kumufunsa? Chifukwa iye anapereka konse.
Kunena mawu a mdani, ine ndinathamangira zotsatirazi mfundo Carus (Psyche S.
112) limene anapereka makamaka kwa zolinga za m'mbuyomo usilikali, ngakhale
chinkhoswe kumlingo m'malo ena kale okana sidered.
"The chomera ufumu zachokera konse konse, monga mbewu iliyonse, komanso
zosiyanasiyana mtundu uliwonse, mochuluka wosatha kubwereza mfundo
mawonekedwe, ndi mwa ndi kupyolera mu khungu chipika, mu osawerengeka
akupitiriza repetitively, ndipo chotero aliyense cell mobwerezabwereza mwina
ukubweretsa wonse, ndi chifukwa chake komanso mfundo lonse konse kwathunthu
anamaliza. 1) Ngakhale layman, popanda kuzindikira za okwera mwadala Choncho
alekanitsa mbali ya mbewu zina maganizo ndi mtima kuposa chinyama: iye ali anthu
m'lingaliro nthawizonse kutenga nthawi zonse kwa piecemeal, ndipo chonse. A
pepala kusiya duwa zimachitika kufuna m'malo nthambi ya nyama yamoyo adzakhala
lililonse chowawa. 2) Zomera wapanga kwenikweni palibe guts ndipo palibe mu
yakuti zosiyanasiyana ziwalo za nyama - izo kotero, sanali, mosiyana kwambiri
sakanikira nascent ziwalo, monga primal monga mantha dongosolo kukhalabe; Mwachidule, ikhala kwenikweni chabe multiplicity a mayunitsi, ulibe zimenezi
mumtima likulu, monga ali ndi nyama, ndipo ngakhale kuti sangathe kukhala
popanda wina lonse, kotero mfundo ali yemweyo siinamalizidwe monga nyama ,
chifukwa chifukwa kamodzi motere kuti maganizo apamwamba ndi kutsikira gulu,
amene akuonekera bwino mu nyama ufumu, mu masamba ufumu nthawizonse
kwambiri ungwiro Timasonyeza (izo zidzatero mpaka mu mkangano, amene ayenera

kuonedwa monga apamwamba chomera); motere nthawi ina kuti ndi chomera moona
centralized dongosolo ndipo potero chomangira cha mgwirizano ndi wholeness
kupanda mtundu uliwonse chikumbumtima ayi akanakhoza panopa. Ngati Choncho
amakonda tisonyezeni ndi dzina la moyo yekha kuti mfundo imene aliyense
Chikumbumtima kwenikweni anayamba, n'zoonekeratu kalezo bwino kuti sangathe
predicated wa chomera, anapatsidwa iye moyo. "
1)

Ine sindikuwona momwe N'kuthekanso zosiyana kochulukanso Abschlusse,

monga pamene ife tikuwona mwayi makamaka anapanga ena maselo a kholo
thupi nyama, makamaka pamene akadali palibe mwayi kwenikweni kwa wina
cell wa peyala mtengo kapena carnation kachiwiri kubala peyala kapena
carnation, waonetsa. Ndikuona kuti mapeto a ambiri maselo kuchotsedwa ndi
luso la kapena kuti kapena aliyense cell kubereka lonse mu Kusiyanitsidwa
lonse, ndi konse iliyonse yaikulu chimakwirira mzake.
2)

ndalama. padziko 20. 22. 68 FF.

Kwambiri N'ZODZIWIKIRATU kuti mmodzi Pa kale ankakana zinthu zofunika

ndi chomera ndi moyo sapezeka ambiri kapena okha mwina nyama, ndi pakokha
lilibe chifukwa kufuna kwambiri kukhala moyo, ena akusowa zinthu, koma mofanana
kupeza kwenikweni zomera monga nyama, ngakhale mwa mawonekedwe osiyana.
Chinyama, choyamba, ngati chomera mulu wa kunja zogwirizana maselo. Inu
mukudziwa kuti ngakhale mitsempha ndi minofu ulusi anapangidwa ndi annealed ndi
tsankho-anasakaniza maselo, ndipo wakhala kupeza okha kwambiri kufanizira pakati
pa zomera ndi nyama imeneyi. Ali nyama mwa chipindacho limodzi pa mfundo
yaikulu, iwo mlandu mu mbewu? Mu ubongo? Koma ubongo chabe minofu pafupi
ndi pakati pa wina ndi mzake ndi kuthamanga CHIKWANGWANI, paliponse nthawi
imene iwo converge. Kapena kodi lonse ubongo ngakhale mfundo
yaikulu? Kawirikawiri wina akuganiza choncho, ngakhale kuti penapake lalikulu kwa
mfundo; Kodi inu simungakhoze yandilangiza. Koma tsopano pali zokwanira nyama
chabe anamwazikana m'malo mwa ubongo, ngakhale zogwirizana ndi misempha ndi
ganglia, koma kuwulula ntchito moyo pakokha kwambiri ophunzitsidwa, moyenera
ofala chidziwitso. The tizilombo amayezedwa N'zoona ndi ubongo; Ndi mitsempha
mfundo ili m'mutu ndi kutuluka waukulu kwenikweni mitsempha; koma nthawi
zambiri kakang'ono kuposa ena mitsempha mfundo imodzi ya tizilombo, ndipo inu
kudula iye, kuphatikizapo mutu wake, kotero zizindikiro za maganizo ntchito
sichidzatha.
Mvetserani kwa izi:
"The arthropods (tizilombo) kupanga pambuyo kuchotsedwa kwa mutu
kayendedwe, umene ntchito amafuna. Mutu ntchentche ndi tizilombo zimauluka ndi
utsatire opaleshoni ambiri kutali ndi yaitali. Iwo samangokhala kusuntha chifukwa
chakunja, koma kulibe poyenda ndi ena, ndicho akamagwiritsa kusintha osati amodzi
mtundu, ndi ena onse sizikuwoneka chabe chifukwa cha kutopa. A decapitated

blowfly anali tcheru fodya, amene si koyenera akutchula olfactory Inde. anaika pa
misana yawo, iwo anayang'ana kukhala tsonga, ndi monga iye, chifukwa izi
sizinachitike, wosongoka chidutswa cha nkhuni anaikidwa ku thandizo, anatenga ichi
poyamba ndi phazi limodzi, ndiponso anali zigwirizane otsala miyendo anatumiza.
mutu mavu mbola m'njira imene awo kukhumba kuti mbola sangathe sakuzindikira,
chifukwa mbola ya nyama si za kwathunthu umakaniko anakankhira ndipo
ananyamuka, koma nyama umtenga ena chinthu, wagwira iye ndi mpeni mu
izo. Similar anayang'ana Treviranus. Monga kayendedwe si 3) reflex kayendedwe,
chifukwa kuchitika popanda kunja nzothandiza, iwonso ndi nkhope zopweteka,
amene Grainger monga iye pakati. Pa dzanja limodzi alibe zimanjenjemeretsa, ndilo
zopweteka yekha, Komano amaoneka kuchita zolinga zimene anapatsidwa ndi
lingaliro. "(Volkmann mu Wagner physiologist. Liziwawa. Art. Brain. S. 576.)
3)

Mawu si akusowa choyambirira ndi kusindikiza zolakwa.

The mantha dongosolo imakhala ndi mitsempha ya Asterias mphete, mu 5 ganglia

amagawidwa symmetrically, mmodzi amene ndi mmene ena phindu; Koma nyama
zimenezi limayenda bwino ndi zizindikiro zonse za moyo monga munthu unit, amene
ali mmodzi waukulu chapakati limba. Tsopano ndinena: pamene miyoyo unit ndi
pogawira 5 ganglia, mwina mofanana ndi kufalitsa 100 kapena 1000 ganglia
zigwirizana, ndipo, pamene misempha sali pa zonse zofunikira, anapangidwa ndi
kugawa kwa anthu ambirimbiri maselo; ife tikuona bwinobwino, izo sikudalira
chofunika centralization. Mosakayikira maphunziro Zusammenklumpung
mitsempha-misa mu ubongo anthu ali kufunika kwake, koma basi kukhala osiyana,
kuposa kutanthauza chigwirizano cha moyo.
Popeza si Wohlwill woona ndi ubongo, kotero izo zikupitirira, ndipo amafufuza
(monga Carus) mawu akuti wa kulumikiza, centralizing gulu lonse mantha
dongosolo. Koma amaima koma kuti, ngati wina mbewu amakana zimenezi gulu
chifukwa iwo ali chabe agglomerate maselo, inu simungapeze mu dongosolo mawu a
chotero unit, yemwe ali munthu wamba agglomerate wa ulusi. Only ngati mantha
dongosolo lokha darbte ndi mfundo yaikulu, nyama ndi centralizing akanati
amafunika iye; koma izi sizili choncho. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, mungathe, ngati izo
basi kuti otsutsa kwambiri internally kuzindikiridwa dongosolo kuchita zambiri kunja
owongoka kachitidwe mu bungwe, nawonso opezeka mwauzimu ulusi zomera
chinachake kuti ali ndi yofunika kwa wina mwakemu wa chomera, ndipo ngati
mmodzi sanapezebe mu losavuta zomera palibe mwauzimu ulusi, izi limafanana okha
kuti inunso opezeka losavuta nyama palibe misempha. Poyambirira ife kukopedwa
chidwi, kuchuluka kufanizira konse ndi mwauzimu ulusi ndi hafu ya minyewa, koma
apa safuna kuika zambiri kutsindika pa kufanizira, ngati pali kuchitika; chifukwa
tisunga lonse lamulo la yaikulu dongosolo kapena chapakati limba kwa Beseeltsein
kwa wamba.
Kwambiri chitsanzo chapadera mwina, kuti palibe chapakati limba kuti palibe
kubwerera wokha ku makope timadziti monga chotengera, akuti kapena mkhalidwe

wa unit, ulamuliro, akamaliza moyo n'kofunika pakokha angatipatse mmbuyo

polyp. Tiyeni kukumbukira kale anatchula mfundo. Ali kwambiri anawonjezera ndi
Armpolyp ake tentacles kufalitsa zonse, ndipo kukhudzidwa ndi singano kapena
agwedeza madzi, kotero iye chimakagona mwakamodzi ziwalo zanga zonse monga
yaing'ono clumps pamodzi. Kuti amatenga ndithu monga chonchi, monga mmene
thupi lonse la polyp lalikulu, ziwalo zonse kwake mu causal ubwenzi yolumikiza
moyo ndi amene akhoza kuika ngakhale ena, pamwamba otchulidwa achilendo,
yoyenera okhaokha contiguous moyo ntchito tizilombo ting'onoting'ono
molumikizana , Chabwino ndinena konse kuti tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ali
anzeru; koma ine amanena kuti kudzikonda ndi osauka nzeru zapamwamba amene
akufuna kukana tizilombo ting'onoting'ono osasunthika, palokha, zimagwirizana ndi
mgwirizano zotengeka ndi zilakolako za mitundu yosiyanasiyana amenewa
m'nkhaniyi. Koma kodi pambuyo polyp gulu lake? A yosavuta chubu, umene mpaka
pano ngakhale zotengera kapena misempha aliyense ali otetezeka kupeza, anapereka
kumapeto ndi dzenje tentacles. Ngakhale wina akhoza osachepera kupeza misempha,
kapena m'njira zina unachitikira tizilombo ting'onoting'ono kwa moona woyenera
dzina, koma chapakati limba ndi dera simudzasiya ndithu kupeza. Koma kodi
kwambiri palokha ndipo coherent pakokha kutengeka ndi caprice popanda chapakati
limba ndi kufalitsidwa kukhalapo, mwina udzawonongedwa popanda chifukwa
samangika mwa izo ndiye.
Kodi si zachilendo kwambiri kuti chifukwa munthu koma kawirikawiri ngakhale
kuposa wonse zosiyanasiyana mthupi yolumikiza mfundo ankaona moyo, limodzi ndi
Mosiyana kwambiri mwachibadwa, kapena bwino zikamera wa anasankha mfundo
kapena chiwalo izi zobwezedwa linalake mawu ake yogwirizanitsa
kupempha? Taganizirani chithunzi mu kaleidoscope, aliyense mtengo zokongola
nyenyezi amatanthauza mmene ena; mwa Korinto acanthus tsamba likulu anali
uliwonse patsamba timapepala ta amatanthauza mmene ena;izo si mbali kumeneko,
amene ankaimira kumatithandiza akuti ayenera kukhala pa zogwirizana kwambiri
lonse, makamaka, ndi m'dziko lonse kumangako chosokonekera zifukwa.Kapena
Komabe apa ndi lingaliro la chinthu mudzatha kumafunsa moyo wa nkhani ndi
chogwirika umboni wawo yogwirizanitsa mu makamaka kwambiri mbali. Inde,
munthu akunena za zokongola nyenyezi ya kaleidoscope ku likulu, mu acanthus
tsamba kwa olamulira a tsamba monga kumatithandiza; koma pa ideological likulu si
alibe ngakhale mbewu, ngati kuti munthu pa mfundo, pambuyo pake zimene muzu,
tsinde auka oposa, ndi kuti mukufuna amanena za olamulira a dziko lonse chomera,
amene normalizing anali Meaning ndi mulimonse anapanga zomera chotero
akukangana.
Ine ndikuganiza izo ziri ndi thupi ndi dziko. Mulungu akulamulira monga
Paliponse padziko lonse, chimango, yogwirizana zonse, popanda umunthu wake
chofunika kuwonekera pakati of Central Sun; kokha kuti sanali zinthu mphamvu
likulu (cholinga) lonse mukhoza kulingalira, koma mofanana pakati pa dzuwa mu
mlengalenga kusiyana ndi chimodzimodzi kugwa, ndipo azidzachita komanso
anapeza, ndikufuna onse Dzuwa kukhala kofanana. Only ngati zosafunikira, kodi
kwakukulu ndi zofunika kwambiri dzuwa akuvomereza kwambiri ndi kofunika

kwambiri kuposa ang'onoang'ono ndi opepuka. Choncho athu ang'onoang'ono thupi

palibe bungwe omwe alipo boma ndipo kumatithandiza mphamvu ya moyo
chimango;iye akulamulira monga ubiquitous mu thupi monga Mulungu m'dziko
lapansi. Ndipo ngati m'thupi limodzi zina zochuluka kufunika kuposa ena, ndi ukulu
ndi mnzake, kotero izi zikhoza kukhala yekha apamwamba chitukuko cha moyo
motsutsa boma, komwe chirichonse ali yemweyo, zikutanthauza osati kutanthauza
mtundu wa moyo; komanso zomera, palibe kupanda amenewa mbali, kukhala kuti ife
m'kati pa mwauzimu ziwiya, kapena tizisonyeza kunja duwa kuti, ngakhale ngati si
zoyambirira ndi apo, koma pachiyambi cha Will, ndi ngakhale wonse ndondomeko ya
mbewu zake kutitsogolera mwa Will. Inde malangizo, amene kutenga ziwalo zonse
ndi mbali ya moyo ndondomeko ya mbewu kuchokera pachiyambi pa ulimi wa
maluwa, kutsimikizira ndi zolemba yabwino Untriftigkeit onse zinadziwika kuti
mbewu kanthu koma gulu la motsatizana wachibale lotayirira
maselo. Mungachitenso, ngati wokongola mzikiti wa mchenga ndi thanthwe milu
akanakhoza kufalikira lokha.
Only kwambiri wamba Inde, iwo amangotsatira kulingalira moyo pang'ono
corporeal wokhalapo mu zikuluzikulu zomangamanga imene ndiye ndithudi komanso
wapadera kampando Pakufunika kuti mipando yawo kumalamulira kumeneko lonse
la thupi ndipo asonkhanitse zofunikira kupita tiyeni. The moyo Man amaganizira
mmene mkazi wa njuchi, atakhala mu makamaka kwambiri m'malo izi pansi, ndi
kuzungulira amene banja lake lonse la ndodo imazungulira. Koma ife tikuganiza fano
anakonza, kotero moyo wa mng'oma ndi koma osati Weisel, amene adzakhala
kumagwiridwa imene padzakhala basi mfumukazi; iye ali chabe chinthu chachikulu
mu izo. Mu selo iliyonse, kumene njuchi atakhala, atakhala m'malo chinachake cha
moyo wa mng'oma. Ndipo ngati ming'oma koma mfumukazi ndi wolemekezeka zina
njuchi mmene ubongo wathu kapena mbali zake pamaso ziwalo zina, izi salinso
choncho mu anthill, kumene koma mofanana ogwirizana ndipo analamula hergeht
monga ming'oma. Chabwino, ine ndikuti, ngati nyama monarchical ming'oma,
zomera ndi Republican anthill. A Republic koma komanso mgwirizano monga
mafumu.
Ngakhale kuti zimenezi kumatithandiza mfundo zikuoneka wotetezeka kwambiri
kuyeza moimiridwa mu mabwalo a mu mafumu. Koma kodi amadalira zimenezi
zikutanthauza chiyani? Ndithudi yekha chakuti munthu aliyense chimapanga pakokha
ndi monarchical dongosolo ndi ubongo pamwamba; Choncho, kwambiri anthu
Tsopano anapereka kunena mu mafumu, lipabliki kuti wathunthu unit. Koma nyerere
kutsimikizira kuti sizikugwirizana ndi khalidwe la Republic. Ndipo inu
simukuziwona chilichonse chimene tiyenera kovuta chikhalidwe, kusamuka abwino
gulu mu mulu wa misshapen maselo monga gulu la divergent nyerere.
Ndipotu, munthu ayenera kutenga funso la kunja akuti kapena zamoyo zinthu kwa
moyo gulu mu mbewu sanalingalire ngati mu chomera chinachake chofanana ndi
agglomerate monga ubongo nyama, kapena Mofananamo, chapakati udindo motsutsa
ena onse thupi amakhala ndi mmene mantha dongosolo; chifukwa anthu apezeka ndi
dongosolo lino ali pafupi kuyang'ana bwino ngakhale kwambiri gulu ngati selo
pomanga chomera, ndipo taona, ndi chimauma ngakhale aliyense nyama chinachake

palimodzi, ndipo mfundo ndi abwino kugwirizana konse iliyonse yaikulu mfundo
kupeza kapena chapakati chingwe. A Intaneti zambiri mfundo akhoza kuthandiza
maganizo gulu ngati chikwapu ndi limodzi mfundo imene converge ambiri ulusi
komanso.
Koma munthu kwakukulu kudalirana zigawo zonse ndi ntchito za thupi ndi
maganizo Pamodzi inu Komabe ndi kupempha iwo kuti choyenera ntchito ya munthu
aliyense monga chisonyezo cha kulumikiza ndi kumbuyo zokhudza lokha moyo
wake. Pakuti, ife kutenga pa anthu ndi nyama ndazindikira kuti ndi umboni wakuti
kumatithandiza moyo wake.Tsopano tiyeni tione ngati akusowa mu mbewu. Kodi
ndithu za mbali ya kufunika, kotero pano zatha kale anachita m'mbuyomo
mokwanira. Koma pamaso pa ophunzirawa anasintha Buku amafuna ake umboni
pamwambapa yotani.
N'kulakwa choyamba kwambiri, ngati wina akuganiza kuti kunja mawonekedwe a
mbewu, amene encloses lonse cell chipika monga yunifolomu dongosolo, basi chabe
chinachake kunja kwa izo, amene salowa abutment pankhani kudzia ngati ndi mkati
moyo reciprocal ubale wabwino pakati pa asilikali ndi ntchito zonse munthu maselo
chifukwa kunja mawonekedwe yekha kunja akuoneka atagona zotsatira za internally
coherent olima kuchotsedwa onse maselo okha, ndi ohnedem si choncho anali
kulankhula, monga basi anatuluka.Ngati koma tulip babu pansi sanayambe ankavala
chirichonse koma tulip pansi, amene angatsutse kuti mphamvu kupanga pa chomera
pansi pa dziko, mu genauestem kugwirizana ndi amene akhale, amene pa iye
pamwamba pa dziko lapansi mawonekedwe; maselo a anyezi ndi tulip mu dongosolo
ndi ntchito ndi modalirana?
Ndi zayamba chabe anati mbewu "kwa morphological kugwirizana physiologically
palokha membala mabungwe", izo Ndipotu samachita kanthu koma kutsutsana
mu adjectoamachita. Ndipo ndani kwenikweni kukhulupirira zimene anthu
amakhulupirira m'tsogolo, kuti khungu akukonzekera kugwirizana lonse chomera. B.
cornstarch, shuga, wachulukitsa njira yabwino, mofanana vermchte mu
ukwatiwu? Kodi pali zomera kuti zigwirizana mmodzi cell (Protococcus) ndipo
komabe vegetate amene amaoneka kuika kulemera chotero, si zomveka kapena
wazotsatira chakuti mbewu cell akhoza kukhalapo paokha okha, chifukwa iwo basi
pa nkhani izo analikhazikitsa amatha kujambula mapeto kuti chomera maselo,
ngakhale pamene salinso okha, kapena akhoza kukhalapo ndipo tilipo paokha paokha
pamene mwachindunji zinachitikira m'malo limasonyeza kuti iwo sangakhoze
kuchita izo.
Kodi ndithu zoona kuti munthu kugwetsera mbali ya mbewu, popanda kuchititsa
ena mbewu penapake chinasintha choncho ndikufuna ngati mwachindunji umboni
motsutsa kudalira zosiyanasiyana chomera mbali ndi ntchito ndi kwa mnzake; koma
inu mukhoza kuona kwambiri, choncho zinachitikira amaphunzitsa zosiyana. Amene
sadziwa vinyo gawo kudulira?Ine kudula nthambi muno, kukankhira latsopano ku
Mphukira kuti sakanamva lotengeka. Ngati ine mtengo masamba onse, nthawi zina
nthunthu ndi mizu angalowe; Ine kudula mizu, kupita tsinde, nthambi ndi masamba
mmodzi, nthawi zina; izo adafuthula latsopano mizu, amene sakanamva

lotengeka; ziri monga buluzi, amene inu kudula mwendo umodzi, iye ali mmodzi,
choncho amayendetsa palibe, iye alibe, choncho amayendetsa mmodzi. Ameneyo
ndithu sanadziwe zochita za zazing'ono kuvulala pa chomera, ndithudi; koma
chifukwa iye si kusowa. Pakuti motsimikiza amamvera mtengo ndithu kusintha ngati
inu kutenga iye masamba onse, kotero ndithu adzakula kumva izo mu aang'ono okha
chierengero kusintha ngati inu kutenga mmodzi.
Apa motere angapo mfundo kuti kwambiri kusintha m'mbali. Mwa mbali za
zomera kuchokera pansi apo, monga kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, monga pali
kwa olamulira pambali mbali ndi mosemphanitsa, ntchito kufotokoza pansi
zosiyanasiyana
Schleiden limati (. Grundz NDI 218.): "Ife tikuzindikira mosavuta kuti munthu
maselo a Chara ndi oblique malangizo a zobiriwira mikanda therethrough
supplemented zotsatirazi maselo wangwiro mwauzimu, nthawi anapeza yachilendo
ubale mwauzimu madipoziti iwiri yoyandikana akuuza maselo m'malo moti osati
amamvetsera amatsata zikuoneka kupitiriza mwauzimu uninterruptedly. " Mfundo
imeneyi angakonde koma sadzalekerera ndithu ndi maganizo amenewa Schleiden.
Linnaeus anaona kuti mtengo, mwadyetsa zosafunika mu chotengera china, zaka
zingapo motsatizana nthambi ya nthambi kubala, chifukwa chomwecho, m'gulu
amachepetsa chotengera, mwamsanga onyamula maluwa ndi zipatso. - Apa sakhoza
kuona mphamvu kuti mtundu wa rooting ali pa korona wa mtengo.
Knight wakhala akuona kuti onse peyala ndi apulo mitengo, amene anali atamasuka
ku kunja m'madera awo makungwa, mu zaka ziwiri, more nkhuni ansetzten, monga
ananenera mu makumi awiri yoyamba zaka (Decand. II p. 812). - Apa zochita za
kusintha kunja m'madera a m'midzi kuti kuzindikira.
Kutha kwa circumference a nthambi kapena mtengo ndi annular n'kupanga
makungwa kuchokera (otchedwa. Magic mphete), iye amavala pamwamba zambiri
maluwa, zipatso zakula yamasika mofulumira, kuwukitsa kale masamba kuchokera
ndipo thickens zambiri nkhuni kuposa m'munsimu kuti chigawo (Schleiden, Grundz.
II p. 503). - Apa tikuona zochita za anabala mwa mbali yaing'ono kusintha lonse
zomera za mtengo.
Pamene kumezanitsa, z. B. ndi apricots zimaonetsedwa ndi maula fuko, fuko
atavala maula pang'onopang'ono ndi kukula mphete apurikoti nkhuni (ebendas p.
803). Apa mutha kuona mmene osati anapha kusintha pokhala, komanso pamwamba
wokwera kusintha pansi kwenikweni.
"Kudya yozizira mtengo, ataima ndi mizu ya lapansi kapena chotengera munali
madzi, amene ali ochepa madigiri pamwamba yozizira koopsa mfundo ndi
kukabweretsa m'nthambi zake (kupatulapo iye kuchokera ataima kuzizira kupsyinjika
kusagwirizana) mu kutentha, amene modzikuza pa 12 15 kapena (C.?), anakamba
nkhani yake masamba ndi maluwa, pamene otsala ataima kuzizira mtengo kapena
kwathunthu solidifies aonekera. (Decand., Phys. KODI 76.) Apa tikuona kuti,
kuchuluka ntchito, omwe chifukwa cha kutentha mu nthambi, ali m'mbuyo
analimbikitsa kudya mapeto ntchito ya mizu kupulumutsa madzi kwa anthu

amangokhala ali pikitipikiti nthambi: "Chifukwa," anati Decandolle , "madzi amene

anayamba awa masamba samabwera kwa hothouse limene iwo akukhala, koma ku
dziko lapansi kapena madzi ozungulira mizu; Ine ndekha kukhulupirira kuti madzi
m'zitsime, imene Mizu adalowetsedwa, amachepetsa. Knight choposa pa ndemanga
kuti mavuto mu zochitika anafotokoza freezes mosavuta kuposa masiku, ndi zotsatira
zofanana. The mbandakucha yozizira koopsa zikutsimikizira kutanthauza kuti mtengo
thunthu pansi pa anaika pa likutentha mbali madzi uli kuposa masiku. "
Ngati mtengo thunthu inu kutenga masamba ake mu May kapena June, onse
masamba m'manja mwawo m'khwapa kukhala pa malo, monga mungaone mu
abgelaubten kwa silkworms mabulosi mitengo, komanso pamene, pambuyo kusamba,
ndi mu minda ya zipatso zonse mapepala pansi kugunda, yotentha ndi chinyezi
nyengo amapezeka. (.. Decand II tsa 482.) Ngati ochuluka nthambi pafupi ndi mzake,
kotero pachiopsezo akumva njala ya wamphamvu; ngati ochuluka zipatso ochokera
pafupi wina ndi mnzake, choncho amasangalala okhawo amene kukula kwambiri, ndi
kuyenda ena zakuya (ebendas S. 484th.) - Pa chitukuko atsopano masamba ndi
kayendedwe ka zomera kugona pa yapafupi anaima pafupi masamba kwambiri
mulibe malamulo oletsa ndipo pang'onopang'ono, ngakhale ena zomera
(mwachitsanzo. B. Lupinus ndi) pa nthawi ya chitukuko wa maluwa ndi zipatso za
choncho.(Dassen mu Wiegm Chipilala 1838. NDI 216 ...) - Mu milandu, ife tikupeza
chibale pakati pa oyandikana nawo mbali mbali imodzi ya mbewu.
A ndemanga imene nthawi zambiri ali Compt. zingang'ambe. 1835. II. 360 wa
Jaubert mobwerezabwereza kuti Ndipotu kupezeka kumbali, kumene nthambi za
mitengo ambiri amphamvu mizu. Iye ananena kuti iye anali ndi nthawi opezeka
Sologne ndi grubbing mitengo. - Apa pali ubale wapadera pakati pa mbali zina za
mtengo ndi ena mbali imodzi ya mtengo, komanso nyama monga wapadera
mabwenzi zambiri zimachitika.
Mustel inshuwaransi zinamuchitikira kuti zonse mbali zina za maluwa kufa pamene
inu kudula pamakhala pamene duwa akuyamba kuchitika; inu kuchita zomwezo
Komano kenako, kotero Ndisanaumbidwe Zikuoneka kuti akope kuposa. - Popeza
muli chifundo ndi chidani chimodzimodzi zitsanzo (Mustel, Trait de A La veget I.
178 ..).
Pambuyo nyakulima (Vers. Ndipo observability. Pa Ziwalo zoberekera za vollk.
Zophuka. 1844.) pamene umuna wa n'kuwasanganiza si imawazidwa, amaziralira
chikho ndi utenga woipa mbiri, koma ali ndi umuna wa n'kuwasanganiza zinachitika,
kotero iye amamulandira kwa masiku angapo, malingana ndi mtundu wa mbewu. Apa wofanana ndi chisoni mu n'zosiyana malangizo.
Iwo wakhala nthai zonse anaona kuti mipesa ndi wofiira mphesa m'dzinja kupeza
wofiirira masamba, anthu woyera kapena wachikasu mphesa koma
wachikasu. (Decand II S. 707 ..) - Apa mutha kuona mmene mtundu wa mbewu
mbali ikuchitika malinga ndi kufika wonse contiguous ndege.
Mosakayikira ndi kwa mfundo zimenezi sizingakanidwe kuti mbewu ndi
mwamphamvu womangidwa ndi reciprocal ubale zigawo zonse pakokha payekha,
komanso nyama.

Pamene ife tikuyankhula za kwakukulu kudalirana ku zigawo zonse za mbewu, tili

ndi N'zoona kuti anamvetsa ngati tsopano mwachindunji zotsatira mu mtunda
vermchten maselo pa muzu kwenikweni kuti afotokoze maselo a maluwa. Ayi,
kokha ndi thandizo la ena maselo a zomera adzatenga ubwenzi wawo; monga ali
yemweyo choncho anthu ndi nyama.Mbali ya kumapazi anga ndi mutu wanga
komanso zinthu kudzera mu pokambiranapo la mbali zina kwa wina ndi
mzake; ndipo mu nkhani iyi pali zambiri kutali anagona. Ife tikudziwa mphamvu kuti
ayimire zimenezi anagona, monga pang'ono nyama monga mbewu kwathunthu; koma
kwenikweni kuli Mulimonsemo, monga bwino mbewu monga nyama.
Ena kuwombola anthu Komabe, tadzia zilidi; mmodzi ayenera sakufuna kuona
chinthu chonsecho, koma munthawi ya lonse. Ndikukumbukira otsatirawa: Malinga
monga mwa evaporation wa mbewu pamwamba chinyezi atayika, zidzakhala
ankalamulira pressure- m'munsi, kuti mafuta nachsteigt m'munsi mu chingwe, monga
mmene wodyedwa. Kutupikana kulikonse khungu kapena CHIKWANGWANI pa,
adzakula kuchita ndi anzawo ena onse a dongosolo lino; ali paliponse njira
watsekedwa, madzi akuyang'ana kuti izo kupyolera mu mpumulo wa njanji
dongosolo; gawo wosweka kutali, madzi lalikulu zedi ndi zina phindu. Malamulo a
exosmose ndi endosmosis monga chonchi anapitiriza kuukira, monga ife
tikudziwira. - Wina angathe kufunsa, kodi chotero hydrostatic-hydrodynamic njira
ndi kale kufunika kwa zamatsenga. Koma ngati tikuona kuti kwambiri kapena
zochepa mofulumira kapena kuthamanga mu mutu wathu ndi thupi malinga ndi
magazi, zikhale ngakhale kokha pamaziko kwathunthu mawotchi chisokonezo mu
mtima dongosolo, ndi maganizo kuthamanga ndi lokhala wosasangalala angaphunzire
chofunika kwambiri kukopa, ndipo ngati kuthamanga kuchuluka, kupumula ; kotero
ife ngakhale athe kulemba tanthauzo kwa zamatsenga bwino mawotchi munthawi ya
madzi pake mu zomera; kumene nthawi zonse kwaulere kuika analibe ufulu wa
mawotchi dongosolo ndi sanali wopanda mbali ya moyo ubwenzi; chifukwa Ndipotu,
chimene chimadalira pa maganizo athu ndi kumverera kwa mawotchi mbali ya
magazi pake, chinthu unfree mwa ife.
Yapita makonzedwe sitidzawalepheretsa komanso yonse yochepetsetsa ya mbewu
m'njira inayake kutsogolera kumawathandiza. Ndi kokha apamwamba payekha
mwana moyo.Goethe palembali za wake Metamorphosis wa Chipinda moyenera
mokwanira kuchokera: "zamoyo zonse ngakhale mawu amodzi, koma ambiri;
ngakhalenso zikuoneka kuti ife ngati munthu, mpaka patapita kusonkhana ndi moyo
wosadalira okhalapo kuti ganizo la chomera, ali yemweyo mu maonekedwe koma
yomweyo kapena ofanana, akhoza kukhala wolingana kapena dissimilar. " Amene
okha zochitika za munthu cell moyo sangathe unilaterally analankhula ngati
thoroughgoing ambiri mfundo za ntchito zawo potero mwanjira lilibe.
Pa thoroughgoing tikuyamba kuwombola chimakwirira madera onse a chomera,
tidzakhala ndi kuitana yothandizira Fort kulemekeza motsatizana moyo zochitika za
zomera wina ndi mnzake monga umboni wa okhudza malo ndi wosakhalitsa lalikulu
ndi yolumikiza miyoyo unit. Ngakhale izi si kusowa. Ndipotu, komanso maluwa
lililonse chomera waima inayambira Toughened ding malire ubale wa mawonekedwe
ndi ntchito, ina iliyonse m'mbuyomo siteji chitukuko mbewu ali ndi mpweya umodzi

uliwonse Patapita. Panopa boma la mbewu kutumikira ine wotchuka mawu, titero,
nthawizonse zimafika zotsatirazi; ie, panopa sakhala, koma wolandira chimaposa
mwa zotsatirapo zake zotsatirazi. Ndi mmene wathu watsopano ntchito za moyo
wotsatira zotsatira ndi mosalekeza analandira ngakhale pamene iwo satchula
kachiwiri mu sadziwa kukumbukira. Ndipo ngati solo ntchito n'zimene anthu
amapereka mwa thupi ntchito, zimadalira chimodzi ena.
Zitsanzo za malangizo ubale wa kale ndi Patapita njira mu mbewu ndi mwina kale
pamwambapa, kuyambira zimagwirira ndi ndondomeko ubale kwenikweni kokha ndi
kudzera co-kulili chamoyo. Ine kuwonjezera yekha ena anawonjezera, kumene
lomaliza la ubale akubwera kwambiri chidwi mu kulingalira.
Kuti chino wa makamaka nthawi zochitika za zomera, insofar ngati iwo ali palokha
wa periodicity a kunja makhalidwe; ndi kale boma kale pano zikuoneka ngati
chifukwa chake mochedwa kuipa mwadzidzidzi.
"Palibe paliponse," anatero Decandolle (II p. L8), "izi chifukwa cha periodicity
kapena chizolowezi kulankhula Ndithudi kuposa pamene inu naturalized zomera za
Chigawo zosiyana. Amakuikani wathu mitengo ya zipatso mu kotentha madera a
kum'mwera kwa dziko lapansi, kuti tsekani zaka zingapo mwa kupitiriza
imayambirira kuphuka nthawi, Chofanana athu akasupe; n'zosiyana chikuchitika
pamene ena mitengo kum'mwera kwa dziko lapansi kwa Europe ". "Ndi kawirikawiri
kuti mtengo wosabala pachaka zambiri zipatso, kapena anakhalabe chipatso
pampando yaitali, chaka chotsatira, kapena ayi ukufalikira pang'ono. Kum'mwera
Europe zinaonetsa kuti mafuta mbewu sichitha, pamene maolivi (OleaEuropaea)
limalola mochedwa alikukhala pa mitengo; yotsirizira zochitika mlandu, kuti mtengo
wa azitona zimbalangondo chabe chaka wina zipatso nyemba Komano, azitona
kuchokera pachiyambi pomwe, kotero inu mukhoza kukolola chaka chilichonse. ".
The zochitika za habituation kuti asamukire kuno, omwe anati mu tcheru chomera
ndi zomera zina (onani p. 181). Mmodzi chifukwa cha ichi chizolowezi n'chakuti
tcheru chomera, ngakhale kuti anali mu zipinda pamodzi amalenga masamba iliyonse
kugwedera, izi sanayambebe kuchita zachilengedwe boma panja komanso. Link
limanena pankhaniyi: "Mu mphepo, masamba a zomera ndi coincident, koma
cholinga kaya mphepo, ndipo potsiriza kotero amakonda izo kuti salinso kuchita izo."
Mmodzi akusoana mu mbewu makope madzi, kotero chotere, monga taonera
kale, ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono ndi nyama zina zochepa mumafanana ndi
anawagwiritsa ntchito mofanana kwa predominance la Central Chiwalo; izo
zikutanthauza wapadera, monga lonse akhoza womangidwa kwa unit, popanda
kutanthauza njira yokha. Akamanena nthawi zonse adzakhala malo padziko timadziti
kuthamanga mozungulira, monga bwalo la ubale kuti zochitika mu muzu kupambana
chikoka pa mwa masamba ndi maluwa, nawonso, kachiwiri, ndi choncho
chammbuyo. Kuti ndi Komabe, kuphunzitsa zitsanzo anapatsidwa pamwamba
kutatsimikiziridwa mokwanira.
Koma kodi, iwo amati, sangathe kudula chomera mu zana zidutswa, ndipo onsewa
zidutswa, anapanga cuttings, chikukulirakulirabe? Kodi munthu akuwaza za moyo
ngakhale zana zidutswa? Kodi wina kuganiza kuti?

Nzowona, monga zimakhala zosavuta kulingalira mbewu alibe moyo; kotero

kupewa mukuganiza kuti mavuto, monga iwo ndiye khalidwe mu pogawanikana
pamawere. Koma ine ndikukhulupirira kuti chikhalidwe kusamalira athu mosavuta
kapena zophinja maganizo, osati.
Kodi nafenso sitiyenera kudula polyp mu zana zidutswa, ndi chidutswa chilichonse
watsopano tizilombo ting'onoting'ono? Adzauzidwa kuti: zimene beweisest ndi
tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, zimene ifeyo kuvomereza nkomwe moyo? Ndipo ine
ndikukumbukira ku ake chidule pokhudzana ndi singano nsonga zake umbombo,
yake chokhudza pa zofunkha, posankha zakudya zake kudziwa kuwala. Koma
ndithudi, tili nditangokamba wovuta, ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono kuganiza
umachititsa; kotero ife talephera monga kwambiri. Koma ife mwamwayi osati
yofotokozedwapo tizilombo ting'onoting'ono yekha. Ngakhale unyolo akhoza kusema
zidutswa ziwiri; aliyense ali latsopano unyolo. Kodi ife kuganiza pano? The unyolo
ndi nyama kale mtima ndi mantha dongosolo, m'mimba ziwalo ndi minofu
ophunzitsidwa. Pali mazana ndi zikwi za nyama zina, pamene mudzaona chinthu
chomwecho.
Ngakhale masiku awa ndinawerenga Froriep ndi Schleiden a zolemba izi
posachedwapa zoyesayesa za Nais serpentina ganyu.
Schnetzler kudula angapo munthu nyama za mitundu itatu kapena inayi wosiyana
zidutswa ndipo analandira zimenezi nthawi ofanana chiwerengero cha anthu
amoyo. Pa kudzipatula ku likulu, wopangidwa mwa atatu mphete zidutswa anatenga
masiku angapo kuchita chizindikiro chilichonse cha moyo; magazi analimbikira naye
kupuma, "kumverera" kayendedwe, etc. pa nthawi yomwe kudula minofu anatseka
onse matumbo thirakiti kuposa lalikulu chotengera mbuye, ndi zina chinalepheretsa
zikamera chakudya madzi; Pang'ono ndi kugwirizana pakati pa nsana ndi m'mimba
mtsempha ziwiya anapereka kachiwiri, ndipo anakhala pang'onopang'ono odulidwa
chidutswa latsopano munthu. (Froriep ndi Schleiden kuzunzika. 1848. Jan. 35.)
"Ndiye," anatero shredder, "amaoneka ngati mankhwala ndi m'chilengedwe, amene
kudziwa looneka kusonyeza moyo wa munthu wokhalapo, zonse mphete ndi Naide
kukhala ndi mphamvu, mmene Ndithudi banja lonse amakhala ndi kupanda m'deralo
nyama ntchito, moti wonse nyama, titero kuyambitsa gulu la anthu mu chikhalidwe
zobisika. "
Choncho wasayansi chimakakamiza anthu zatsopano mapeto: "kuti onse nyama
ngati gulu la anthu mu zobisika chikhalidwe akuganizira," mwa kulankhula kwina,
kuti mbewu ndi ofanana kwambiri pa nkhani imeneyi. Komabe chimachititsanso,
amadya, ndi Naide ngati tizilombo kapena amenewa anakhalako ndi zinthu momveka
zizindikiro za ufulu wodzilamulira zotengeka.
Ngakhale kwa tizilombo monga muzitsatira; ngakhale samveka.
A mavu, intersected pakati pa chifuwa ndi pamimba ndipo potero ogaikana awiri
Magawo, komabe apita kutsogolo mbali, kulumidwa ndi kusonyeza zonse zochita
zimene munthu angathe amachitsimikizira mwankhanza; komanso odulidwa
m'mimba writhes komabe zosiyanasiyana ndipo ankafufuza, ngati inu kumukhudza
kuvulaza ndi alternately mbali zonse zakukwawa msana; Komanso kupulumuka kwa

masiku onse Magawo. (Autenrieth, maganizo. S. 435.)

Tsopano, izo ndi zoona, nyama kuchokera apamwamba makalasi sangathenso
kudula ziwiri kapena zambiri zidutswa za wina, kuti akupitiriza moyo; koma
kubadwa ndi umboni wakuti akhoza kugawanitsa wokha mu angapo zidutswa ngati.
Pakati m'munsi nyama koma pali ambiri amene pamene iwo kuima pa gawo
loyamba la chitukuko, ngakhale palokha anagawa kuti kutha kwathunthu ndi
awononge mu ingapo ya anakakhala anthu osiyana siteji ya chitukuko omwe
m'magulu mwina pamodzi khalani, ndi zina kamodzi njuchi mawonekedwe
(aggregated ascidians), kapena kwathunthu olekanitsidwa yakutali fortzuleben
(Kampanularien, modabwitsa, etc.).
Wina akhoza kupeza zonse zimakhala zovuta kufotokoza, ngati inu
mukufuna; koma Choncho kunena kuti polyp, unyolo, ndi Naide, tizilombo, mkazi
amene akubala mwana, etc., si okhalapo ndi ochepa moyo? I kusungabe zimenezi
konse musati kusamalira dziko movutikira. Ife chabe kufunsa kuti: akhoza zomera
zambiri umodzi wa moyo kunenera nyama imene munthu sanakayikire?
Monga ndi kulekana zochitika, choncho ndi Verwachsungsphnomenen kuti
akhoza amanena pa moyo wa mbewu mu zosiyana. Iwo ali m'munsi nyama theka
kudula ndi sewn pamodzi Magawo a anthu osiyanasiyana, ndipo pansi yoyenera
zinthu, iwo zikulire pamodzi ndi kuona zinthu ngati munthu. Iwo akufuna kukhala
kosatheka kuti tsopano mwachindunji mmene moyo khalidwe mu nkhani iyi. Koma
chifukwa ife timakhulupirira mu nyama anasonyeza kanthu amenewa zochitika za
moyo, monga ife tiri uko ku zomera?
Ndi zoona kuti ngati angapezeke mu masamba ufumu mokulirapo kuposa kale
nyama; koma kuti zitha kutsimikizira kuti chikhalidwe ndikufuna kubweretsa zinthu
zimene ife akukhudzidwa kuno, ali basi pokhazikitsa mbewu kwa preferentially
kuphunzitsa, pamene matupi a nyama zochepa yekha malinga ndi yabwino, komanso
zina kwa anthu a masamba ufumu kwambiri. Lang'anani, ayenera zimene timapeza
nyama, zokwanira kupeza ife motsutsa mwaphuma mapeto pamene ofanana zimenezi
osati ndi makanema ojambula. Wina akhoza kunena kuti chilengedwe ali ndi mbewu
monga nyama basi anapereka maumboni osiyanasiyana pankhaniyi.
Ngati wina akunena kuti mbewu chamoyo ayenera kuonedwa monga mmodzi lonse
pamwambapa kalasi membala wa dziko lonse chamoyo, mofanana ndi England kuti
zimene mu zipangizo chokulirapo chamoyo limene chimatilowetsa, kukonzedwa ndi
imabereka,
kotero
mulibe kuona, tinganene kuti ulemu wa mbewu zomwe si zukme
Contribuu a millorar
la traducci
nyama komanso.Ndithudi, izo si mizu mwa dziko lapansi, koma inachokera
n'chofunikanso mu wamba dziko lakunja ngati chomera; chifukwa kukweza mu malo
opanda kanthu pamwamba pa dziko lapansi ndi mlengalenga dera, ndipo chafa
kwambiri ngati chomera kuti anakhwathulidwa mizu; Komanso, izo ndi zabwino
zonse kuuzana zinthu ndi ntchito magalimoto ndi dziko lakunja anamvetsa kuti
mbewu. Konse koma osati kutsutsa payekha a wokhalapo, pa nthawi yomweyo
monga chiwalo cha kwambiri ambiri dongosolo la zinthu kuonekera.

Text original

Khumi ndi chinayi. Kuti mumve zambiri za malamulo a

mbewu moyo.
Zingaoneke molimba mtima ndi zidzolo kulankhula za njira imene zomera ndi
ouziridwa, kwambiri, malinga ngati more ambiri amanena kuti ali ndi moyo, basi
koma ankamuona ngati kufika amanena. Koma poyesa kulungamitsa zimene anthuwa
amanena ziyenera kuchokera ngakhale pa luso la anthu ndi nyama motsutsa amaimira
moyo wauzimu wa mbewu moti kapena kubwereza pafupi ndi izo, monga
sizilephereka kapena kupanda pake kwa wina kuwonekera kunja; adzatsala pamene
anayamba kuzindikira kuti ngati tiyesa kulowa zina, nkhani mavuto, amene
n'zokayikitsa kuikidwa kuli kulemera kwa mofanana zimenezi kuti ananyamuka
yoyenera njira. Kuyambira maganizo, izi apa anapitiriza kuphedwa kwa ena
m'mbuyomo anapatsidwa zikuonetsa ndi kuziganizira.
Izi akupangira mwenemo, zomera choikidwa ndi olemera kwambiri tanthauzo la
moyo, kwambiri anayamba monganso nyama; ndi kukana koma apamwamba nzeru.
Chotero pakati zamatsenga moyo chomera akuchoka paja ena mwa anthuwo,
kuthamangitsa koma ena ndemanga.
Kodi, munthu anganene kuti si zimene tikulengeza mlingo wa chomera pansi pa
nyama, koma mlingo wa nyama pansi pa People? The nyama adzafupikitsidwa kwa
anthu kuganizira ndi luntha; Nanga sensuality kuti mpaka iye; chinthu chomwecho
chimene tikufuna kukhala monga mbewu. Tokha koma mbewu ndi ziweto m'malo
azitha kuposa kubwereza.
Koma nyama akuchitira si choncho mwangwiro chibadwidwe wokhalapo, monga
zimene anaikonda anafotokoza. Kodi nyama atilakwira ife, ndithudi, ndi chifukwa
chodzikonda kuzindikira, luso maganizo mwachidule ambiri anagona, luso
kumaganizira kuti sadziwa mfundo; koma iwo alibe koma ndimakumbukira zakale,
moyang'ana m'tsogolo za m'tsogolo, zimene, ngakhale pamene pankhani Paranormal,
koma ali ndi chinachake thupi lokha; chifukwa kugonana okha ndi mphatso. Amene
sakhulupirira kuti mphaka, slinky kuti dovecote, akuganizira pamaso, zimene
akufuna kuchita, ndipo nkhunda anakumbutsidwa kuti ndinayang'ana mu izo
ndege? Koma kukambirana, kudzikonda kusinkhasinkha ndi kungokhala
pamodzimodzi ndipo ngakhale moyo kulibe wamphamvu ndi moyo, chifukwa
chiyani osati ubwino ndi Review? Motero timafika yekha akanakhalapo ife otsika
mumlingo. Ndi chikhalidwe ali mu nyama Niederste asonyeza ndi apamwamba
popanda Supreme zosiyanasiyana ku mbali zosiyanasiyana, choncho akunena kuti
kopanda kuti akhala osungidwa komanso kudzikonda chifaniziro cha otsika wapadera
kumwamba. Dongosolo lino la chikhalidwe Zikuoneka kuti amafuna zimenezi
palokha maphunziro; wachibale kuphweka kwa zomera ndi chakudya chokwanira
iye.
Koma, iwo amati, akamanena za zamatsenga moyo koma ndendende kutumizira
kanthawi ubale ndi kupereka ndalama m'mbuyo anayikidwa; tiyeni iwo kutha,
mwachitsanzo zamatsenga moyo sanatchule lokha. A moyo lipotilo kumene ife
tikufuna kuti zomera, kulibe ndi mmene moyo.
Koma inu anasokoneza zweies. Ngakhale amakonda aliyense mwadala kutsogolo

ndi kuyang'ana mmbuyo mu nthawi zosatha ubale wa moyo, koma mosemphanitsa

zingamuthandize moyo wa zimenezi ubwino ndi retrospection, kudziwonetsa yekha
moyo wosakhalitsa mabwenzi.
Tiyerekeze kuti munthu wina poipa, kotero iye akuganiza bwino kapena
m'mbuyomu kapena m'tsogolo kayendedwe, koma iye amaona kayendedwe ka
akugwedeza mu chikomokere chimakwirira pakati isanayambe kapena itatha.
Mzake moyo ayangatiridwe, adatengedwa ndi mtsinje nyimbo. Iye akuganiza
bwino kapena m'mbuyomu kapena m'tsogolo phokoso; koma mosalekeza ulusi wa
mwake zofunda zakale amanena malankhulidwe ndi kukhalapo kale motsogozedwa
zotsatirazi kupitiriza.
Choncho sindikanakhoza ngakhale chomera moyo wa moyo mu mtsinje kotero
chibadwidwe zomverera amtengo tanthauzo la zonyamula patsogolo kapena
cham'mbuyo mu nthawi popanda galasi mafano?
Ndithudi tiyenera atumiza kapena kuthetsa mtanda chinyezimiro mu mphindi
iliyonse amenewa chibadwidwe moyo masewera pafupi; koma Usachite. N'chifukwa
chiyani sangathe kupereka okhalapo, kumene iwo sangakhoze kuchita izo pambuyo
pali kale zomwenso imene ngakhale apamwamba ambiri Umblick, umanena ndi
ambiri kukumbukira nthawi yomweyo anabwerera?
Mwachidule, ngati tipempha zimene amavula mbewu pambuyo kale nyama
anavula chifukwa, kotero pano ndi a chinachake, anamuvula ndi zofunika kusiya
moyo wake losavuta unwrinkled m'njira kuimira yekha. Choncho Ndipo ngati ife,
monga momwe zilili kwenikweni kuphonya mawonekedwe a moyang'ana m'tsogolo
ndiponso kukumbukira chomera, kotero ife tiribe, monga zimachitikira kuphonya
moyo ndi iye; koma ife sanaphonye anthu otchulidwa, kotero ife kulibwino kuphonya
zotheka moyo msinkhu.
Kuti ife kupereka zomera frherhin chidziwitso, sizikutsutsana ndi kuti ife tsopano
asapeze moyang'ana m'tsogolo m'tsogolo. Chifukwa komanso chidziwitso cha anthu
ndi nyama, mpaka iwo ali oyera chidziwitso, ndicho pankhani Tsogolo; koma palibe
wa anayamba kuzindikira za tsogolo limene akupita. Kapena amene munaganizira
kuti mbozi einspnne ndi chikumbumtima chake iwo amachita mogwirizana ndi
cholinga cha chilengedwe; kuti mwana wobadwa, pamaso mtengo wake nthawi
yoyamba mkaka, mkaka kale kuganizira kuti amafuna, ndi kayendedwe kuti kuchita
izo kwa izo. A panopa anaona kufunika, ndi m'malo zimene awapitikitsa; Nature
chotero anakonza pa mwana ndi mabwenzi, muno m'dziko komanso kubwalo,
mwakuthupi ndi mwamaganizo, kuti mwana osadziwa ngakhale bwanji, potero,
nupatse zochita lotengeka ndi abwino kukwaniritsidwa kwa zimenezi. Pambuyo
kamodzi genossener mkaka, kamodzi katswiri pochita kanthu, amene anafika kwa
cholinga, tsopano yemweyo timakumbukira ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kukumbukira zake
m'tsogolo;koma chifukwa kachiwiri ali ndi mphamvu kutero.
Choncho aumbike pa onse, monga munthu limakula, ubwino ndi kuyang'ana
mmbuyo ndipo, chotero, leni ubwino ndi kuganiza kuti Ansichselbstdenken ndi
circumspect amafuna zinthu zambiri, iye chimachititsa kutali kwambiri kuchokera pa

chiyambi boma koyera chotupitsa mu mtsinje chibadwidwe zotengeka ndi nzeru

zachibadwa ngati chidziwitso, kapena chuma sadziwa zisadzachitikenso ndipo
sadziwa ntchito masamba pa Seraya ndi zina zopangidwa zambiri chofanana. Koma
ife tikuona kuti munthu kuti boma koyera chotupitsa mu mtsinje chibadwidwe
zotengeka ndi chidziwitso pa nthawi ikuyandikira kwambiri kachiwiri, kanthawi
mwina akhoza kumira mmbuyo mu izo lonse kachiwiri; wonaninso kuti anthu
osiyanasiyana malinga awo osiyana maphunziro boma, nkomwe mwa osiyana
kwambiri okwera pamwamba iye, Botokude zochepa, ndi nzeru zapamwamba
kwambiri. Izi kwenikweni relativity diso pamodzi tikhoza kupewa zovuta kudzatunga
Mtheradi malire mu malo osiyanasiyana okhalapo kwa mzake, amene amazindikira
chikhalidwe paliponse, ndi kuti nyama zimenezi okhalapo, kumene kudzikayikira
kuti osachepera, zomera amenewa, kumene komabe komanso sadziwa ubwino ndi
kuyang'ana mmbuyo pa nthawi, ndi chirichonse izo zimatengera, atsikire osachepera,
kapena m'malo sanayambebe kudzutsidwa ndi alibe zinthu chitukuko; izo ndiye
Realising ngati alibe wina ndi wina okhalapo likudandaulira kuchokera kudziko
lapamwamba zigawo; chimene ine ndikukhulupirira, Ndipotu popanda choyamba
nkhani zazing'ono, kunena ndi kuchita. Ndithudi akhala chabe kuti, akhale munthu
yochepa nkhawa apamwamba chuma osachepera, kugona popanda moyo wake ikutha
Choncho kufotokoza ntchito zonyozeka, inde ngati iye monga mwana wobadwa
ngakhale akuyamba, komanso okhalapo kukhala akanakhalapo ayenera kumene
wotopa ndi okhazikika, chitukuko sanatero, kapena disproportionately ochepa Bwino
wapamwamba siteji.Herewith kukula kukula mu cholinga cha moyo ndi ntchito
mlingo ndiye sindiye lilibe.
The voraussetzliche kupanda aka- ndi kuyang'ana mmbuyo kwa nthawi pamene
mbewu si mu mkangano mu teleological ubwenzi wawo ndi amodzi malo danga ndi
chifukwa okha moyo, monga ine tanenera kale. Chinyama ayenera foresights mu
nthawi chifukwa ali kuchita kutali ndi kutali mu danga zolinga musaphonye
chandamale kayendedwe. Chidziwitso angathe kuchita masamu kamodzi ndi kwa
onse ena moyo; - Kodi theka mwanayo Mwachibadwa kufunafuna bere, ngati si
aliyense m'mawere darbte lokha; - Koma salinso chokwanira, kumene zinthu
zimenezi zimasintha wamkulu nyama. Mbewu imakhalabe, titero, nthawizonse
amamatira ku mayi bere; ukanakhala anapatsidwa aka- ndi Umblick monga
kubalalika Kuwonjezera. Koma chirengedwe amatenga zochepa yoposa zofunika za
cholinga, monga lags kumbuyo.
The organic zofunika kupanda aka- ndi kuyang'ana mmbuyo pa ena akhoza
chikugwirizana pa mbewu ndi kupanda yoyenera kuzungulira kwa zochitika, womwe
zimadalira kupanda mantha dongosolo ndi mtima dongosolo. Limabwerera ku iye
chilichonse wokha. Chirichonse chimene amalandira kuchokera kunja, ndi chokha
chimene izo amafuna zochuluka kuchokera kunja, ndi kuti amayesetsa kutenga
mosiyana monga kale; ndipo causal ubale wa kale suffices Kenako, kuchereza
maganizo anapitiriza chiphaso cha psyche, amene akugwirizana izo; koma
akamagwiritsa ntchito thupi palibe chooneka chimene anakaonekera monga
kumasonyeza thandizo kapena yoyenera maganizo.
Ndi kukumbukira ndi foresights za tsogolo la mbewu ayenera kumene zina zambiri

wasowa; chirichonse makamaka kusowa zimene kudzilimbikitsa lokha pa nyota

amenewa. Apa wa lonse enieni moyo maganizo, osati kuganizira zinthu ndiponso kuti
adzapulumutsa izo, koma pamlingo winawake komanso maganizo a munthu
wodzimana.
Mmodzi mosavuta anapanga kutsindika pano choipa mfundo, kutanthauza kuti
mbewu angathe kulandira zifanizo za zinthu za dziko lakunja chifukwa cha kusowa
maso. Komanso mwa khutu, koma sasamalira mafano, anapanga cholinga maganizo a
zinthu phindu. Munthu anabadwa wakhungu akudziwa bwino kuchokera kunja dziko
la zinthu ngati woona, ndipo ali, posachedwapa opaleshoni, poyamba palibe phindu
pa fanizo la dziko, kugwera maso ake. M'malo kukhala ndi cholinga maganizo
kumalimbitsa izo, kusokoneza iye yekha alipo; iye ayenera kutseka maso ake kukhala
ngati kale kuyenda. Dziko akuoneka kwa diso poyamba monga marbled mtundu gulu,
amene mtundu yekha mtundu, mzere amangotanthauza mzere, anayamba ulimi patch
komabe palibe nkhalango, wofiira palibe Rose. Amene anganene kuti mafano amene
amagwa mu diso lake, kumupanga iye chirichonse kuchokera pachiyambi.Kodi
wopachikidwa tsopano? Mfundo yakuti iye ali kuphunzira kanthu kukumbukira mu
zonyamula. Osati zobiriwira kuti ndikuonera m'nkhalango, kupangitsa nkhalango
kapena kuposa ndalama yochepa; koma kuti ikukula, mthunzi, kuzirala, ng'anjo ali,
mbalame anaimba izo, mlenje amapita ku; onse amene sanama mu kungoona
zobiriwira malo. Only ndi wonse kwambiri cha chokumbukira zimenezi ndi monga
masomphenya a zobiriwira banga chinaperekedwa, ndi matupi fano
akusonyezedwanso ndi maganizo mtundu wa kugonana kudziwa za wobiriwira malo
cholinga lingaliro la ine representational nkhalango. Kodi Koma cholengedwa
kukumbukira, choncho angathe osati tayi ndi zidindo akalandire. Ndipo kotero si
kwambiri kupanda diso pansi kuti chomera alibe cholinga maganizo, koma winayo
wolungamitsidwa kulephera kukhala izo, kuwerenga mwa zifukwa zimene
mwapatsidwa palibe maso, chifukwa zifanizo za zinthu koma kudzera mwa
kutanthauzira mwa kukumbukira ndi tanthauzo akhoza phindu. Ndikufuna dziko,
pambuyo pa zonse, pa mbali ya mbewu komanso kuganizira diso la diso lathu,
nazindikira mbewu komanso ife mitundu zosiyanasiyana za chifaniziro; izo
chikhalebe mofanana kusamvetsedwa kwa iwo monga kumene opareshoni akhungu,
ndipo iye sanali kumvetsa izo, kotero izo masoka wamfupi, chifanizo ndi mdima
lojambulira zithunzi sanatchule izi kulola dzuwa mwatsopano amaoneka pa
wamaliseche chomera , ndipo motero tikwaniritse mapindu ena kuti adzadziphatika
wamkulu kuphweka. Aliyense Vuto mavuto kumene ntchito.
Tsopano limatuluka pang'ono otsutsa, chotero onse representational lingaliro Bares,
kusintha kunja makhalidwe kutanthauza watipatsa moyo sangathe kumuona ngati
munthu palokha konse, koma zidzatsogolera ku lingaliro la chotupitsa mu mtsinje wa
Allgemeinbeseelung. Koma tisunga yekha m'malo umasinthasintha zinthu zimene
tingaphunzire za tokha.Ine ndikuganiza tikuchita pagalimoto kwambiri kuposa
bwinobwino ngati timaganizira za zomangamanga ndi zolemba kusiya mutu
wake. Inde, kulambira zinachitikira simungakhoze kuchita tokha, chifukwa ife tokha
osati monga wangwiro chibadwidwe okhalapo pamene voraussetzlich zomera
ali. Koma pamene ife kuona tokha zimene limakula ndi amachepetsa kapena akhala

zikutsatiridwa, malinga ndi mbali sensibility limakula kapena amachepetsa, tikhoza

mwina kupanga Pomaliza, kodi ali imene ngakhale kuti siinafike, Aakulu
zimachitika.
A palpable chitsanzo kungatithandize. Ganizirani anthu, monga Hegelian nzeru
zapamwamba, philosophizing, ndi moyang'anizana nawo ena, monga Akafula, ndi
pakati pathu mu phwando. Anthu ayenera wofufuza tiganizira za chiyambi ndi
mapeto a dzikoli, maganizo mpaka mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo kuti kuyang'ana pamene
angakwanitsire; ndi chofewa ngati siponji kapangidwe ndithu chibadwidwe
zosangalatsa za kudya ndi kumwa. Tsopano mudzatha kunena Komabe, Akafula
kumachita omangidwa kwambiri dziko lakunja monga anzeru;chifukwa chakudya ndi
chakumwa ndithu chinthu extrinsic kuti ganizo; koma m'chaching'ono oposa
anatsimikiza monga chonchi. M'malo mwake, aliyense Hottentott ake zosangalatsa
thupi bwino okha monga aliyense Hegelian ake nzeru za maganizo, komabe akuona
bwino kukhala cholengedwa palokha. Mmodzi Hottentott umakoma kanthu mbali
imodzi kuchokera zimene ena zokonda, ndi Hegelian sindikudziwa kanthu
mwachindunji zimene ena woyera. Kuti si chomwecho. Ndipo ngakhale popanda kuti
Akafula konse ngakhale anati I kulawa, kungakhale chinachake mwa iye, chimene
umakoma, ndi chinachake mitschmeckt wina aliyense. Aliyense amene amakayikira
kuti chilinso mwa nyama zimenezi? The ukwati wa individualities mwachitsanzo,
zimadalira mlingo zawo zauzimu.
Inu mupite tsopano zomera m'malire; ibwere m'njira ya moyo mpaka kalekale
monga kwambiri chibadwidwe munthu akhoza ngakhale yochepa sangakhoze
ndithu; iwo ali Komabe, chifukwa Sinnlicherwerden palibe imfa ya payekha
zimatengera, nawonso, komanso akhoza sankaopa imfa mu malingaliro.
Against wina anati: zimene Akafula m'malo payekha ndi chakudya, si kuposa ake
chosowa sensuality, koma chinachake nkhani yothandiza Hinaus-, ngakhale pa nyama
asangalale osati actu, amase- kwenikweni mawu, koma potentia, mwachitsanzo
mwina mawonetseredwe ndi alipo, malinga izo zikhoza kuonekera mu wosiyana
ndipo ndi iwo akanatero. The Akafula ndipo ngakhale nyama koma kuposa
mwangwiro chibadwidwe okhalapo, ndi okha ndi apamwamba adzaukitsidwa kupita
kuchokera pansi Allgemeinbeseelung. Chabwino inde, lingaliro limeneli, koma
inenso kusungabe zomera zoposa mwangwiro chibadwidwe
okhalapo; potentia akhoza apamwamba akuyang'ana pa iwo ngati inu
mukufuna; chabe kungafune ngakhale Kuwonjezera ndinaponyera mkati ndi kunja
mavuto, zutreten sanapezebe ngakhale Akafula, kamodzi apamwamba bwino kunja
naye. The chibadwidwe kungakhale kulikonse kutenga monga maziko a
wapamwamba, amene, ngati si actu, koma potentia monga ali. Ine ndikutanthauza
yekha kuti ACTU, amene kale pa Akafula ofooka ndipo kawirikawiri, zomera
tsopano amapezeka wofooka ndipo kawirikawiri ngati n'kotheka. Amalondola
akanthawi m'maa Mwina kumeneko; chikhalidwe intersects chilichonse
Mtheradi; ndipo ine Choncho samadzinenera kuti chomera apamwamba yosalala
anadula, kodi mbewu anadula maluwa yosalala, koma kuti duwali wakhala naye
akadali undeveloped, kawirikawiri kapena nkomwe kukhala mkati Mphukira
Komabe, tsamba kukula sensuality inamera mwamphamvu. Koma chifukwa ine

sindiri zambiri pa wobisalira wa potentiandikuganiza, pankhani chifaniziro cha

zimene si zimene zingakhale zotheka kulowa kwa zinthu, kotero ndikulengeza
mbewu chabe za mwangwiro chibadwidwe okhalapo. Potentiapakadzapita
kulepheretsa kanthu ngakhale kuthetsa miyala kapena kuganiza.
Payekha amakhala ndi mbali zina m'nkhani yapita. N'zotheka kuti liwu ambiri
anzeru za payekha ndi cholakwika. Koma kuno si funso kapena kutsutsa yeniyeni
tanthauzo la Individuatitt koma ndikungofuna kuti apulumutse apa choncho
anasankha kanthu kwa mbewu, amene akuyembekezeka kukhala lathyathyathya kwa
chidwi funso limeneli kwenikweni chofunika. Amene amafuna apamwamba
ndimangoona zauzimu payekha kuyambira pachiyambi, ndi kumene pa mbewu
sichingapezeke; koma sakupeza munthu wozindikira okhalapo okha mu izo.
Ngati mudzapempha: kodi izo kwa cholinga ndi tanthauzo kuika okhalapo
m'dzikoli amene akhoza kuganiza kapena za iye mwini kapena za tsogolo lawo
kapena m'mbuyomu, mtsinje chibadwidwe maganizo ndi zikhumbo ali wodzipereka
involuntarily, kotero paima ndithu analogous funso lotseguka zinyama. Pakuti
ngakhale zisudzo za nyama ndi bwino ubwino mu nthawi ndi kuwaika kuposa
zomera, kotero amaoneka koma pang'ono kwenikweni wololera ndi aluntha kuti ife,
mtengo wa nzeru bemessend chabe pambuyo zomveka ndi aluntha, ndi nyama
ndikuutenga ngati wopusa kuwonjezapo kwa dziko monga zomera. Chinthu ayamba
wofanana ndi tanthauzo losiyana, ngati inu simutero chabe anthu oppositely
mwachidule miyoyo ya nyama ndi zomera, ndipo ndi kumene, ndi dziko monga
chopereka cha anthu amenewa mulungu koma ndi iwo, koma zonse mizimu ya
zomera ndi nyama monga wamng'ono munthawi ya Mulungu moyo alipo lokha,
yogwirizana mu General Assembly; chifukwa chuma chonse ndipo zosiyanasiyana
miyoyo Mulungu phindu, koma osati kupusa kwawo amulandila, ali monga akutali
anthu lero pokana, ndipo kopanda ake Simungachite ndinaganiza Mulungu. Ndipo
kodi kapadera komanso kutsimikizira mphamvu kapena kuti, ngati ife unagawanika
lero mumadana kugawikana Mulungu, mu zonse zokhudzana splinters ngati ulusi wa
mtengo wamoyo?
Yapita kwenikweni kusonyeza yekha motsutsana zosiyanasiyana mkelnde zomwe
ufulu wodzilamulira kuli moyo mlingo, ngati tisunga mbewu zimene kungatheke ndi
zikugwirizanira dongosolo la ambiri moyo ufumu. Koma kuti moyo mlingo
kwenikweni ndi chomera, mwina chifukwa kuchotsedwa yapita
kukambirana. Tinapeza zosiyanasiyana ndipo timaganiza, mokwanira chomveka
otchulidwa wa chibadwidwe moyo moyo zomera, tikakhala Komano kuti si lowani
dambo apamwamba yaikulu.
Mozama mfundo ife tikupeza pambuyo ambiri zinthu, amene anakhazikitsidwa mu
chikhalidwe cha moyo wokha, kugwilizana, koma mwinamwake kwambiri
mokwanira kusiyana pakati pa maganizo moyo wa zomera ndi nyama; Kusiyana
amene amadalira makamaka chifukwa mbewu amadalira bwinobwino kapena zambiri
wamng'ono digiri pa sensuality lonse nyama. Ngati izi tsopano mbewu lonse wotsika
kuposa chinyama, monga amapereka mmodzi wa sensuality wa mbewu ndi
apamwamba kuposa nyama; chifukwa adzatenge ndendende pano kuti kufunika

utumiki dera la moyo, nyama kokha munthu wamng'ono page. The sensuality cha
chirombo ndi kutumikira, nthawi zambiri kuti zauve buthu apamwamba mphamvu,
sensuality wa mbewu ufulu kumudzi amene ali poto akamaphika palokha ndipo
potero akadali kusamalira zawo zokongola.
Allen pafupi khalidwe limene cholinga cha moyo wa mbewu ali ndi nyama kawiri
mbali ya zotengeka ndi chidziwitso zofanana, ndipo mphukira ngati okondwa pali
chimodzimodzi pano ndi zomverera kapena zinayambitsa. Ife tikuwona mbewu kwa
nzothandiza zakudya, mpweya, kuwala, eni etc. masamba, masamba, maluwa,
nthambi poyendetsera, atembenuza, kutembenuka, squirm, maluwa lotseguka, pafupi,
etc. lonse interplay wa maganizo ndi chidziwitso n'lakuti koma zikugwirizana monga
wosalira zambiri zomera kuposa nyama akuimira atatenga chomwecho wosalira
zambiri malamulo. The teleological chifukwa cha ichi lagona zochepa zikhalidwe za
moyo wa zomera, ndi organic m'munsi mu kuphweka kwambiri kwa
nyumbayi. Timatha nzothandiza alibiretu ambiri ndi mosiyanasiyana njira
mamembala ipyole pa mbewu yake zotsatira kuposa anthu ndi nyama, kumene
kwambiri zosamvetsetseka ubongo anaikapo pakati pa zochita za nzothandiza ndi
pachimake azizungulira. Koma ndi kupatulapo pamene zomera zokha mwachidule
zimachitika pakati zimene iye akuvutika ndi chimene izo zimachita; Ngakhale
osiyanasiyana, kuti anachita sikutanthauza zambiri apobe ndi mkati chipangizo
osauka ndi kusinthidwa; koma pa dziko lonse ndi wosalira zambiri kuposa anthu ndi
nyama zonse wangwiro kwambiri. Monga kuwala chimachititsanso inu, kotero izo
limamasula, ngati mpweya iye analimbikitsa, monga amayendetsa.
The tinakacheza kuno abulusa, ifenso amaoneka ngati nyama zimachitika
chidziwitso, nkhani zenizeni lokhala wosasangalala wamba sensibility kuti akhale
kumanga mkati organic Zustndlichkeiten ndi ntchito.
Monga moyo wa anthu ndi nyama, malingana ngati iye ali maso, ndi ndawala
mosalekeza mtsinje wa moyo mawu, tirinso nthawi anapeza kulandira ngakhale pa
chomera, zokhazo wosathawu ntchito palembali kwambiri chibadwidwe madera, ndi
m'malo imayendetsedwa ndi mmodzi wa dziko lakunja monga mumtima dziko
akukumana thupi zako. The zonse akusisita maganizo zomera Ansichgestalten,
Umsichsuchen, Sichfrben, amapereka umboni uliwonse kuti mfundo
imeneyi. Chifukwa thupi la mbewu ina ya nthandala choncho akhoza kusintha ndi
zizolowezi zimenezi ngakhale thupi ndi moyo, monga chizindikiro kapena kusonyeza
zimagwiritsa ntchito za miyoyo yawo.
Koma moyo wa munthu ndi nyama umamumvera tulo, amene kunja anaonetsa
kutha kwa onse basi kusonyeza moyo. Potsatira analogous kutha zomera aziphedwa
gonjerani chimodzimodzi tulo m'nyengo yozizira. Yakhala okha kusintha pakati
kugona ndi akudzuka pa mbewu ya zikuluzikulu, odalirika imene nyama aang'ono
mkombero wa chikhalidwe, kapena, molondola, wa kufunika ambiri. Komanso
kusintha pakati pa dzinja ndi chirimwe ndi ndicho lonse akafuna kuli anthu ndi
nyama sizinali kufunika. M'nyengo yozizira, munthu wakudza kwa nthawizonse
chinachake cha Dormouse, chimodzimodzinso kwa mbewu ya kusintha pakati usana
ndi usiku sakhala wopanda tanthauzo okha laling'ono kwambiri kusiyana pakati pa

dzinja ndi chirimwe. Choncho, pano nyama ndi zomera zonse modziwika. Munthu
angathe kupanga izo zotsatirazi kuonerera. Lalikulu nyengo ya chikhalidwe
zimadalira kasinthasintha wa dziko lapansi kuzungulira Sun kuyambira waung'ono
wa kasinthasintha wa dziko lapansi kuzungulira lokha The zomera zambiri za
maonekedwe, ndipo makamaka kwa dzuwa. nyama amakhala moyo wautali okha,
ndipo dzuwa ndi kwa moyo wake njira zambiri zazing'ono kwambiri.
Kachiwiri Koma palibe Mtheradi kusudzulana. Kutsimikizira kwa Dormouse, ndi
zina zambiri hibernating nyama nyama, wamkulu nthawi ukhoza kukhala ofanana ndi
mbewu ndi nthawi yomweyo atsimikizire ngati amenewa kufunika konse; ndi zina
pangakhale ena zomera zimene akumira cha ntchito yofunika kwambiri zingatenge
kufunika tulo usiku; nthawi imene anthu ambiri amati zomera tulo usiku, angakhale
chabe ena ofanana, monga anthu mpumulo mu ntchito za chikhalidwe m'nyengo
yozizira.
Molumikizana ndi zophweka ndipo sinnlichern moyo machesi mu zomera kumene
okha chosavuta ndi zambiri chibadwidwe moyo interplay amadziwikanso angathe
kukhala pakati pawo. Zoonadi, munthu kukayikira ngati alipodi. Pakali pano, mwina
patapita kale kukambirana njira linapatsidwa kwa kununkhira kwa maluwa, amene
ndithudi sizikuwoneka ngati chifukwa chinenero chathu, kulanda maganizo, koma
malingaliro ndi zachibadwa Mitgefhlen, komanso nyama analogi nthawi ya
uchembere ndondomeko fungo N'zochititsa chidwi pa nkhani imeneyi; ngakhale
adatsutsana, monga ndithudi tanthauzo lonse lonse, apa ndi osiyana kwambiri
tanthauzo kuposa mbewu Umapeza. Ine ndikuganiza akadali zambiri zoti mu 16
zigawo.
Munthu angathe kuganiza za njira inanso kulankhulana, chomwe chili ndi yapita.
Aliyense pepala ndi limayenda, agwedeza, malinga ake mawonekedwe ndi njira,
mpweya mwa njira ina iliyonse, ndipo kugwedera zimafalitsidwa kwa mbewu zina,
ndi chifukwa ena kugwedera Komanso kuwauza iwo kachiwiri. Angathe kufotokoza
momveka bwino kuti analogous chodabwitsa zimenezi. Kodi ife galimoto
kuzungulira ndi ndodo kapena tsamba mu madzi, kotero ife tiri mafunde onani
kufalikira, mosiyanasiyana malingana ndi mtundu kuyenda ndi kusuntha thupi, ife
ntchito mmalo madzi, mpweya, m'malo ndodo ndi fosholo kuyenda masamba, ife
kwenikweni ofanana. Ndithu kuti ofanana mafunde angabuke mpweya monga madzi,
ndi zina yoweyula zikusonyeza mwinamwake mu thupi, iye nawo.
Nafe, phokoso ndi obadwa mu mawu ake kwa mkati ndi kunja, kuti alole mkati
limati zomera zina za kununkhira; nafe ndi kuwala mtengo kuchokera kunja ndipo
ntchentche popanda alowererepo kwa wina ndi mzake wakupatsa kuona mmene ena
maonekedwe; ndi iwo mphepo ndi mpweya kutsinde.
Panthawiyi amenewa analogies akhoza koma kupereka kwambiri lakutali allusions.
The mkati kuphweka a zamatsenga moyo wa mbewu malinga ndi mabwenzi
kukambirana mpaka n'zogwirizana kwambiri ndi kunja zobwezedwa wa zomwezo
kwa mabwenzi.Kwenikweni kugona mu kunja Vielartigkeit maganizo amene
umamvera chomera, zosiyanasiyana zake mbali zosiyana ndi multiform momwe iwo

anatani ndi kugonjetsa amene wololera ziweto, kuti zosiyanasiyana chibadwidwe

zotengeka ndi chidziwitso kutseka naye. Kuwala, kutentha, chinyezi, kugwedera
kupyola mlengalenga, wokhudzidwa ndi tizilombo, kulimbikitsa chakudya ndi
kupuma nsalu; chirichonse zikuoneka mu mwanjira yachilendo kwa mbewu. Mizu,
masamba, maluwa ndi malua, wamphongo ndi wamkazi Ziwalo zoberekera
zimamangidwa aliyense mosiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zosiyana ndi anthu obweretsa kuti
munthu akhoza m'malo ntchito ya ena. Kudzera maluwa, zomera sangakhoze
kuyamwitsa; Aliyense amafuna kukhuta, ndipo mosemphanitsa, iwo ndi mizu
kukwaniritsa ake umuna ndondomeko, dzabala mbewu. Masamba kupuma mpweya
m'kuunika ndi kutulutsa mtundu wobiriwira, ndi limamasula kudya mpweya
m'kuunika ndi kubala yowala umuna mbali zambiri kuposa pamakhala, aamuna mbali
kuposa akazi; ndi undersurface masamba zinthu kupuma, ndi kuwala, mosiyana
padziko. Pali zomera amene masamba (pamene wosweka) kununkha, pamene
maluwa fungo mokondwa, monga Datura mitundu ndi anthu Amerien ndi woyera
kakombo (Decand II S. 770th.). mbali zosiyana yemweyo chomera amasiyana
kwambiri komanso kukoma, kumapereka lingaliro zimene mtundu wa mankhwala
ntchito. Ndipo akupitiriza kudzera zambiri.
Malinga ndi kusiyana yomanga ndi ntchito ya mbali imodzi ya chomera akhoza
ndinaganiza pa mbewu osati bwinobwino, koma ndi simultaneity osiyana
zotengeka; chifukwa nayenso tidzathandiza osiyanasiyana anamanga ndi
mogwirizana osiyana ndi zithumwa motsutsana akuchita mbali Zina Zambiri osati
anazindikira chabe motsatizana koma ngakhale nthawi imodzi.
Mosakayikira ndi N'zosatheka kuti mbewu tikakhala pa ogalamutsa wa kutengeka
ndi chimodzimodzi basi Timatha izo; kuti z. B. kuchokera kafungo wakudza kwa
iwo, mofanana basi Timatha kununkhiza, yemweyo sensorineural ngati tili ku mantha
kuti udzaphwanya iwo. Only wina kufanizira chichitike, ife sitikudziwa
momwe. Ngati ife tikupeza izo kale, kuti ziweto monga mwa yomanga osiyana
yemweyo ogalamutsa, ndipo nthawi zambiri zosiyana imalimbikitsidwa. Kodi
chimodzi chabwino fungo ndi zokonda, akaniza ena. Chifukwa unsembe wa
kutengeka chimadalira osati pa chikhalidwe cha malemeredwe njira, komanso
chikhalidwe cha okondwa; ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani chikhalidwe ngati zotengeka,
umene uli kale mu wokhalapo, kachiwiri mobwerezabwereza ena ndithu monga
choncho. Choncho ndi malingaliro a chomera mukudana wosiyana kwambiri ndi
wathu, ndipo mwina zochepa n'zotheka kuti ifeyo kulingalira kuti uthunthu wa
munthu, monga munthu amene sanayambe anamva duwa, n'zotheka kwa achilendo
fungo pambuyo kupereka duwa kapena carnation ndi violet. Komano, ali komabe
ngakhale kuchuluka pomanga kwenikweni, ndi communality omwewo stimulant
kupeza chinachake wamba onse amadalira maganizo, kuti apitirize kukhala anatilola
ndi zochita za kuwala, makamaka zathu kukumbukira kuwala, etc. . ndikuganiza
Kuti mbewu si chimodzimodzi anamanga yokumba kwenikweni ziwalo adakali
mitsempha, monga tinachita, kukamuukitsa ife pambuyo kale m'mbuyomo ndemanga
palibe potsutsa ananena Mmalo mokhala zomverera chimodzimodzi. Otsatirawa
wothandiza tiganizira akhoza kuthandiza anthu m'mbuyomo. Ngakhale mkati mwa
nyama zosiyanasiyana mawonekedwe ndi njira ku ziwalo zina mwapadera ndi

nthawizonse poyerekezera ndi moyo wa nyama. Tsopano mbewu chiyenera kuchitika

kuti muziyendayenda chipinda ndi kupeza njira mwa izo ndi kukula kokha kupyolera
mwa iye ndi kuti kwambiri lokha kuposa kwa dziko lakunja, kotero inu
mukanakhoza, monga taonera kale, atathetsa yokumba kukhazikitsidwa kwa wathu
apamwamba mphamvu, chifukwa masamu Ndipotu, akungodikira kuti Asia tokha
mwa mafano kapena Abklnge zikhalidwe za dziko lakunja imeneyi.M'munsi
mphamvu ya kununkhiza, kulawa ndi Getastes alinso ndi ife lophweka ziwiya (amene
tonse yamasika ndi chitsanzo cha kufala lonse thupi padziko), ndipo ngakhale anthu
apamwamba kudzakhala malinga ndi zoposa otsetsereka mu nyama moyo ndi
wosalira zambiri. CHOTERO ayenera kunena kuti yokumba yomanga ku ziwalo zina
si kulikonse n'kofunika kupanga zomverera, koma chabe kuti misonkhano
apamwamba moyo ntchito yabwino; malinga ndi apamwamba a moyo ntchito za
wokhalapo yofanana ndi zina yapakati-kugona ndi dziko lakunja ali
Konnex. Choncho zosavuta pa maso ena tizilombo chidzachitidwa; limba kumva,
nafe woona yokhotakhota, ena nyama ndi lophweka pang'ono thumba;inde ndi polyp
amapita ku kuunika, popanda maso; ndipo mukuona kuti ndi chimodzi mwa
pflanzenhnlichsten nyama kwina.
Monga chofunika kwambiri a mphamvu amaoneka asamathe kukhalabe yekha
misempha; koma tangomalizawa kukambirana anasonyeza kale kuti akhoza anaona
kofunika mwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa nyama chifukwa mbewu kwina ina, kodi nyama
mitsempha katundu, monga kupuma, timadziti akuthamanga, kukwiya kayendedwe,
etc., popanda misempha angachite.
Kwenikweni, chiyambi chabe ndi kutha kwa mitsempha ndi nyama n'chofunika
kuti kwenikweni zotengeka. Njira ya mitsempha pakati pa zotumphukira kuchotsa mu
ziwalo zina ndi chapakati kuchotsa mu ubongo kapena ganglion amachita chabe
wochititsa ndipo akanakhoza ankaganiza adzafupikitsidwa amangosankha popanda
okhudza kwenikweni zotengeka.Kumene tsopano palibe ubongo, palibe ganglion pa
utumiki ntchito apamwamba moyo zosowa, sizikhala amafunanso zimenezi feeders
choncho. Chimene chimatisiyanitsa anthu ndi nyama m'chigawo chapakati ndi
peripherisches ndi zimene herewith ndi kugonana owonjezera apamwamba chitukuko
cha dziko lonse amalola Ndithudi wa organic patsamba salembedwa, kodi uko
kumene lonse la moyo ayenera kukhala basi anaganiza mu kugonana, popanda izi
kulekana ndi umo tizindikira wamanjenje dongosolo palokha kutha, koma kodi chabe
limabwezeretsa kugwirizana kuti divorcees.
Ine sindikunena kuti conduction mwa ulusi ya ubongo si osayanjanitsika. M'malo
mwake, ngati ubongo mogwirizana zimachitika, amene imachitika munthu
mitsempha ulusi, ndipo ankachita zokhudza apamwamba zamatsenga ntchito. Koma
pamene izo ndi izi apamwamba zamatsenga ntchito kuti achite, izo siziri
chimodzimodzi nkhani za zimavuta wochititsa. Izo tsopano osati pa malo
kutsimikizira mfundo zina apa ndipo ndikufuna kuthamanga.
Ngati mukufuna yochepa Koma kwambiri njere ya mchere ndi aufzufassendes
chiwembu, kotero ife tikhoza kunena: thupi la nyama ngati thumba, ndi tcheru m'dera
uli mkati, tsopano pamafunika wapadera njira zimene akuyambitsa kuchokera kunja

zotengeka cholinga kulowa mkati; chifukwa chirichonse sangakhale mwayi; awa

likuyandikira akuimira munthu ziwalo zina ndi mitsempha yawo; koma chikwama
anatembenuka apo, izo amafuna palibe wapadera zina zambiri; nkhope yonse ndi
kumva kutsegula momasuka; Amenewa uninverted matumba m'njira zomera. Ndipo
pali zifukwa kufotokoza izi. Ndicho mwinamwake chomera khalidwe ngati wachiwiri
wendetes nyama mu ulemu wa kujambula kuchokera kunja ndipo nthawi zambiri
poyerekeza ndi izo; Chinyama ndi ndicho chifukwa mkati pamalo, matumbo ndi
mapapo, mpweya ndi chakudya, ndi kutumikira kayendedwe wa miyendo,
hineinzustlpen chakudya chifukwa. Zomera amatenga zonse izi ndi kunja kali; ndi
kunja akukumana rootlets wa mbewu angayerekezedwe ndi mumtima m'mimba villi
wa nyama, akunja masamba ndi invaginated mapapo; kayendedwe ka nthambi za
zomera kutumikira okha evert mu kunja. Koma wapeza chibwenzi unachitikira ndi
kulemekeza aakulu chuma, monga kwambiri kuti udzakhala chichitike zokhudza
bwino maganizo olakwika ponena, chifukwa matupi a kwenikweni maganizo
kumlingo zogwirizana ngakhale mwachindunji ndi ziwalo zakudya.
Ngakhale, izo kokha ndi chiwembu, amene tinatsegula umo tizindikira ndi
tanthauzo lina akhoza koma mwinamwake ndi chifukwa chake kuthetsa chifukwa
ngakhale mumpingo nyama okha pa mkhalidwe wa zotsutsana ndi kumverera limba
kutsimikizira kwakukulu aikidwa; anapereka ku maiko osiyana nyama ndi mantha
dongosolo limapezeka kwambiri yodzaza pamwamba kapena mmbuyo kutsidya,
pansi pa m'munsi pamimba kapena mbali. The kwambiri kusiyana nyama ndi zomera
zikuoneka kuti yochokera yekha molimba chitsutso pakati mkati ndi kunja.
Ngati chomera anafunsa awo mayamwidwe mu chabe sensibility pakati anthu ndi
nyama, ndi motsutsa izo mu maphunziro a mphamvu sitepe pambuyo kale lingaliro
mwina onse.
Panthawi zotsatirazi mogwirizana thandizo la view:
Mu malo oyamba ife tikupeza kale mwa anthu chibadwidwe kutengeka ndi
chipangizo mopupuluma ceteris paribus kwambiri, anakamba, m'pamenenso munthu
kwathunthu amataya iwo, tchulani kwambiri ubwino ndi kusinkhasinkha ndi
kudzikonda chinyezimiro pano. Kumakhudza amapita imeneyi pafupifupi wina
chidani ngati. Mu unentwickelsten ndi apamwamba ubwenzi anthu oganiza ndi
chidziwitso ndi koma sharpest anayamba. Simukumvetsa nyimbo ya apamwamba
chikhalidwe amadziwa kupenta kwa woweruza; koma inu pafupifupi kumva udzu
kukula, kukangana ndi mphungu kwa sharpness wa diso, ndi agalu kwa sharpness
kununkhiza. Pakati pathu, anthu ndi matupi luso chomera wamng'ono ndalama
apamwamba kusinkhasinkha ndi mosemphanitsa. Inde, ngakhale aliyense, izi chidani
zikutsimikiziridwa. Munthu amene anaima mozama ganizo, amaona ndi kumva si
zimene zikuchitika iye, ndi munthu amene analandira ndi asangalatse matupi kapena
mphukira amataya, akhoza kuganiza; kapena ngati chinachake zimapangitsa zimenezi
kotero herewith zikusowa pa nthawi yomweyo chinachake cha mphamvu ya zanzeru.
Choncho, ngati chikhalidwe cha zomera walephera apamwamba zamatsenga
ntchito, ndipo izi zikhoza kukhala fitly bwino kutenga njira yotero kuti ali ndi ganizo
la moyo kwa kudzifutukula ndi maluwa kumene ndikufuna kubweretsa kuti

tikwaniritse pa Mitrcksichtsnahme pa apamwamba ntchito osati akhala n'zotheka.

Akuyembekezera kwa Bakuman wa garish mitundu zodzikongoletsera kapena
kuvina kwa mkokomo mawotchi, koposa kotani nanga mbewu chimwemwe
kukumbukira potsuka ndi penti yowala dzuwa ndi kusonyezanso mu mkokomo wa
mphepo mawotchi ndi herzuwiegen. Bakuman kudzera koma aliyense
zodzikongoletsera ndi nyimbo kapena chirichonse ena kuposa mtundu ndi
phokoso; chomera sakudziwa tanthauzo kupanga izo, umapita ndithu zosangalatsa
thupi m'menemo; iwo okha konse kutaya mokwanira ndi zimene kale izo, amafuna
kwambiri a iwo, ndipo kotero kuwapanga kwambiri ndi watsopano wobiriwira
m'madera ndi kuvina nyimbo; potsiriza iye ndi zake zonse ndi bursts mu maluwa, ndi
zachilendo mtundu zodzikongoletsera; Tsopano likudza mphepo m'malo mwa
tizilombo, njuchi ndi butterfly, ndipo limalimbikitsa chozama maganizo mwa iye.
Inde, pakalibe apamwamba ntchito yekha sankatha kulankhula kwa akuluakulu ndi
apamwamba chitukuko cha m'munsi; ngati miyala kuchita zonse pa nthawi yomweyo
alibe; Only mwina, chakuti mmera nawo ndi nyama m'munda wa zamoyo, kodi
simukuona kuti n'zokayikitsa kuti chilamulo cha chidani kuti wachirikizidwa mwa
gawo a m'derali, aziyala kwa chierengero cha magawo awiri, mwina Onse yapita
teleological tiganizira mfundo yomweyi kunja, mwina mwachindunji zochitika za
zomera lokha lingaliro limeneli.
Mbewu zotsatira za onse kwenikweni kuno kuli pambalambanda ndi
zobvundukuka ndi amachitira kwambiri moyo lolimbana ndi izo kuposa
zathu. Kumbukirani, kuchuluka kwambiri kuwala kumasintha moyo wawo
ndondomeko monga ife tomwe, kuli bwanji ndi phunziro kwa kudziwa malo
m'madera onse, kuli bwanji atengeke ndi kuti mphamvu ya mpweya ndi chinyezi,
kuli bwanji zofunika kununkhira kwa iye koposa Zikuoneka kuti ife, monga iye ali
wokhoza kupirira zochita kupanga assimilating zimene tingathe, ndipo. nthai zonse
kutembenuka awo mawonekedwe Amene anganyoze, monga kupanda yokumba
kwenikweni ziwalo, monga ali ndi nyama, ikani chomera ngati zilibe ermangele
komanso chifukwa chake kwenikweni zogirigisha, koma nthawi zonse mu phunziro
lomwelo kwambiri kuposa chinyama. Koma si; ngati akuchita zonse awo kamakumba
una pambuyo kwambiri yaitali zikuoneka ngati tingati limba monga chirombo, ndipo
anthu artifices si koyenera kuti utumiki wa chibadwidwe, koma apamwamba moyo
nyama mmwamba. Ndi bwino kupeza mabuku ana, koma ngati akufuna kukhala
kapena kuposa ana. Choyera mwana chikhalidwe chiyani m'malo
kuchotsa. Amenewa mabuku ali maso ndi makutu anthu ndi nyama; chomera
sayenera izo, chifukwa izo ziribe kanthu chiyani. Mwana wanu chikhalidwe Choncho
cholinga okongola ndipo koyera. M'malo mwa mwana kukhala munthu, ndi mu
ukufalikira mosaganizira za mwanayo kwa m'ngelo, umene ukugwira ntchito zake
chikhalidwe mwana yekhayo kuli kuwala.
Kodi ndi yokongola kwambiri, mapu kapena mwangwiro ndi mophweka utoto
mapepala? Pakokha, ndithu chakumapeto, mwanayo akakhala kwambiri kwa izo,
koma pophunzira kumvetsa mapu, ndi za chimwemwe papepala. Tsopano, maso athu
atipatsa ife dziko monga mapu ndi maganizo athu, umatiphunzitsa kumvetsa; Koma

amene anapanganso ndi koyera mitundu chimwemwe. Chomera chimafuna palibe

mapu, popeza alibe kuyenda, anthu Choncho analandira okha zokongola mapepala
m'malo mwa mwamuna; koma tsopano kulandira utumiki zosangalatsa zotsutsana
kumatenga malinga ngati mtundu kukana likhale; chifukwa ngati chilakolako salinso
kupewa kugwira mitundu, zomera ikubweretsa ndi zokongola uta kutali yekha. Kuti
mbewu akumverera chinachake awo mitundu Ndipotu, tikufuna udindo pambuyo
mkati ndi achilendo kwa aliyense mtundu kwenikweni amene amasonyeza kuwala pa
m'badwo wa mitundu Mosakayikira, (ndalama. XVI).
Komanso mfundo lenilenilo likutsimikizira chofunika kwambiri kuti ali ndi
lingaliro la moyo mu masamba ufumu kuposa nyama, nyama kulakwa kwake, titero,
anachita posachedwapa, monga maziko ake apamwamba evolutions, adzaona,
pamene moyo wa mbewu amasonyeza cholinga chake kutanthauza m'munsi
quantitatively ndi qualitatively zambiri konse apamwamba ndi
apamwamba. Chinyama ndi sensuousness kuperekedwa ngati zosachita mapeto,
anapatsidwa chomera monga woyamba abzumachende. Lililonse latsopano tsamba
akhoza ankamuona ngati chiwalo zambiri, Kudzaupanga kwenikweni kuno mphatso,
ndi maluwa atseka mzaka akadali kwambiri latsopano ndi apamwamba ufumu wa
sensuality. Izi Umapeza sensuality ndi immanent cholinga, izo alibe nyama, kupeza
mkati moyo chimene chikuchitika nyama. The sensuality ndi nyama chabe pakhomo,
pa mbewu chipinda lokha, amene ankakhala.
Kachiwiri, ngakhale kuti mtheradi kusiyana. Ndithu anamaliza komanso nyama
chimathandizidwa sensuality ayi; kugonana kutengeka akufotokozera
mtsogolo; ndithu ngati linzake, monga kale kuzilandira kangapo, zomera sakhala
kumangidwanso kwa sensuality, ndi lingaliro la Zapamwamba upambana sensuality
makamaka ku pachimake. Motero heydays kukhudza mu zonse maufumu.
Mu watanthauzo, koma lofewa-kukhudza mukufuna zoona, mudzapeza kanthu
koma coarsest kufanana. Iwo kudzutsidwa chiwerewere kumverera mu mbewu
maluwa nthawi; ndipo ndi onse amene anayamba kudzuka iye. Koma kwenikweni,
ndi topsy-turvy dziko akanatero. Chifukwa ngati nyama kupanga isanayambike
kugonana kumverera mu udachitikira chitukuko cha sensuality, iye sangakhoze
kupanga chiyambi cha yemweyo, amene sakanakhoza patsogolo mu
mbewu. Chinyama ndinaona kumva anamva, analawa, ankaona kuti ngakhale pamaso
kutha msinkhu. The maluwa a kutengeka panapita understory wa zomverera
pasadakhale, atatsamira pa njira ya zakudya, kupuma, ndi zimene ambiri kuno. Kodi
inu tsopano mu mbewu mudzapeza anthu maluwa zomverera, koma omwewo
understory kukana pamene kudya, kupuma, kwenikweni kuno masewerawa mu
mbewu pamaso ngakhale kuyendetsa wamphamvu kwambiri kuposa nyama. Izo
zimawasokoneza njanji apamwamba moyo kuwala limene lingathandize mu
mkangano ndi duwa la zomera, ndi kufufuza za moyo kuwala konse. Zathu zopusa
diso kungakhale glitter kugwa pansonga pa zomera zamatsenga moyo kutseka
ndithu; Koma munthu amaona kanthu koma izi pamwamba gloss, wofooka Komanso
chifukwa inconspicuous madontho; onse okongola kamangidwe ka mbewu moyo
moyo koma ali kumizidwa ife usiku.

Ndimaona yekha wamkulu ndiponso applicable anauika wapadera siteji chitukuko

kuposa nyama mu mbewu ya kugonana ndondomeko. Mwa izi Sinnesentwickelung
aborts ndi kugonana kukhwima, pali akuswa latsopano wreath fairer zomveka
ntchito; tanthauzo lonse la moyo kukwera kwa apamwamba ndi mfundo yoposa lokha
siteji. Wina akhoza kunena kuti kale kumabweretsa hiernieden chomera lachitatu
apamwamba moyo wakumwamba zimene timayembekezera okha ku moyo wina, ndi
amene timaganiza ndi mtendere wa chikondi monga mmene zinthu
zidzakhalire. Ndipo pachifukwa chomwecho ndi maluwa ena akupangira tsogolo
lathu moyo, ndi mofanana wokongola chizindikiro ngati butterfly, monga
ndinakumbukira kale; kokha kuti ndithu chabe chibadwidwe chifaniziro cha
mankhwala ali. Choncho mbewu akali tingati kachiwiri zambiri umachuluka awo
kudzichepetsa kuposa tokha. Apa zachitika kale kuti mankhwala, tingayembekezere
yekha. Kale hiernieden ana awa kubwera mu ufumu wawo wa kumwamba.
Kwenikweni basi mindlessly izo, konse kuti kuzindikira zamatsenga moyo wa
zomera, koma mukufuna kuona kusanduka tulo kapena loto ngati boma. Tiyeni tione
zomera zokha lakuthwa, tidzapeza chirichonse kulankhula yekha ndi maganizo
amenewa kopanda. Kodi boma la mosalekeza sewero la palokha ndipo kulenga,
ataima ndi chipangizo kuno mu tikuyamba nkhondo chomera chofanana athu tulo,
kumene mogwirizana ndi dziko lakunja m'malo mpumulo kapena kusanduka
osachepera, siyachilendo analengedwa, koma okha ali ndi zaka fortgeleiert. Only
boma la mbewu m'nyengo yozizira angayerekezedwe monga kale kuzipenya athu
mkhalidwe tulo kapena zochepa; koma chifukwa angathe ichi, sangakhoze nthawi
imodzi mwa chilimwe. Zonsezi kunena kuti kwenikweni amaoneka lonse la
chirengedwe monga wolota ngati ndi theka kutseka maso anapanga; aliyense
sayenera kuganiza kuti anataya yaitali, wowala masana iwo akanakhoza hafu
kusiyana awo zolengedwa, iwo kutsegula oyambirira maso ndipo komabe anapitiriza
kugona akanakhoza, zakutizakuti nyonga kuti mtengo wa thundu, basi kuti iwo agone
theka-Zakachikwi? Ndipo izi mtengo amalenga imene amenewa yaikulu ntchito pa
yekha, kuchokera yekha Tut. Monga mwamuna wake kugona?
Pamene padzakhala nthawi zonse zotheka zina zakufa, kufotokoza mawu a tulo
kapena loto moyo, malinga ngati apamwamba kuganiza ali mu tulo kapena
maloto. Koma zimenezi si weniweni mawu. Chifukwa wathu kugona ndi maloto
ugonere osati apamwamba komanso kugonana chuma, mwinanso kuposa
Bracher. Pakuti kukumbukira kuti kupanga linanena bungwe la apamwamba
mphamvu ya moyo, koma anapitiriza kuthamanga ngakhale m'maloto, pamene
mphamvu kwathunthu kutsekedwa. Koma mu chomera, ndi mphamvu ndi
chilichonse, ndipo kukumbukira samayendetsa. Kodi inu otsiriza kulankhula
m'maloto kumene alonda, kuchokera loto adzakhala monga thunthu la
kukumbukira? Alonda kwambiri mwina palibe loto, palibe loto popanda
akudzuka. Choncho kunena kuti zomera moyo loto moyo, ndi china chirichonse,
tikuuzidwa chinthu chomwecho monga, pali mthunzi ndi kanthu chitaya iye. Ndi
zamkhutu; ndi umo tizindikira zomera ndi kubweretsedwa kwa tanthauzo lake.
Mpaka ife nthawizonse ankazunza moyo wa mbewu yokha mpaka maluwa amatha
Pali ikunenedwa ngati panalibe kanthu za maluwa kuoneka; ndipo Ndipotu ngati apa

ndi zotsatira za moyo, ndi lolondola zimachitika pambuyo pa kukwera mbali ndipo
ali ndi mwayi wochepa chidwi kuchita chimodzimodzi atsikira mbali. Koma malo
alipo, ndi tanthauzo, sitingathe kugwira chimodzimodzi ndi chomera, ndi kuti ife
tiganiza za chuma chochuluka zakuthupi ndi umoyo, ponena kuyambira tsopano
mpaka kukula kwa chipatso kuti izo zinali pa khama lalikulu la malo abwino ochitira,
izi akathyole monga umuna njira malo. Amene ndithu kale agwira maluwa akhungu
kwa kuunika, adzaona osamva mtedza zonse zipatso; koma kwa ife amene
kuzindikira okha yowala nthawi wake zamatsenga moyo pachimake cha mbewu,
nkhaniyo ayenera kukhala osiyana.
Man, pamene iye ndi za pachimake ndi moyo, choncho sanayambebe akufa; moyo
wake chabe Umapeza kuyambira tsopano ina ndi tanthauzo. Mpaka nthawi imeneyo,
kuika ndi yosamalira nokha ndi mwamsanga panopa, koma osati kwambiri nthawi za
yekha, kuti aliyense galimoto kunja chidwi ndi Mosiyana moyo poyankha, iye
akuyamba kuyambira tsopano, kuganizira za m'tsogolo ndiponso kale kwambiri,
more einzukehren pakokha kusamalira ana kuchita kwa mibadwo ya
m'tsogolo. Ulemerero wa moyo chimagwira, kufunika kumawonjezera chiwopsezo
chabe maganizo zosangalatsa kusiya nchito, ndi mabungwe kufota
pang'onopang'ono; pakuti zakula mkati kwambiri.
An analogous kusintha tidzakhala kutengera kwa analogue kunja zochitika mu
mbewu, zokhazo chirichonse chimene kugwa pa anthu yowala azidzidalira, more
pano adzaphedwa kumverera ndi chibadwa, koma kungakhale kokwanira koma
mtima ndipo tikuyamba. Iwo amayamba mtundu wina wa kuganizira za
kumamverera chomera pakokha Komabe, awo chiwopsezo chakunja amachepetsa
pamene ife kumayang'ana pa ziwalo kwenikweni pang'onopang'ono kufota ndi
mtundu wa nzeru zachibadwa kukhala chimene chimawathandiza iwo kudzipha mu
mawonekedwe a achinyamata plantlet mu mbewu chagada abzuspiegeln vorweisend
kapena kubereka. (Kumbukirani kuti zomera adzakhala anachitira chithunzi ake lonse
unsembe monga rootlets ndi Blattfederchen mu mbewu.) Mmodzi mukhoza kunena,
mapangidwe achinyamata plantlet mu mbewu akuimira koyamba ndiponso
kwenikweni maganizo mutu wake, umene kukumbukira wake wonse mdima
mwachidule komanso akuonetsera nkhawa za tsogolo la wina, yemweyo ake
alili. Maganizo athu adzadziphatika inde thupi njira mu mutu, lamanzere anasintha
chinachake mu izo. Koma ngati zomera kuoneka indistinctly mu mbewu motsutsa
lonse chomera samveka ngati pokumbukira kale moyo umene uli moyo wa
chilengedwe chatsopano plantlet tsopano kudzamenyana lonse kale moyo wa mbewu
yokha. Koma kodi koma nawonso m'chikumbumtima chathu chokha kukomoka
zithunzi zenizeni.
Msatero ayi kuti analogous ndondomeko yatsopano ipangidwe okhalapo anthu
limodzi ndi chikumbumtima. Zimangokhala ndi kukula. Pakuti chomera mnjira ali
zosiyana tanthauzo kuposa anthu; amene lowermost imeneyi, pali pamwamba, akhala
ku waukulu wa mbewu. Ngati maluwa yekha pachimake pa kakulidwe mu akunja
malangizo, zipatso ndi mbewu mapangidwe yekha kumbuyo yothandizira mkati
malangizo, ndi kuganizira za kukula chomera palokha. Kodi tsopano kukula ambiri
thandizo la moyo kayendedwe chomera, ndi izi komanso kukhala mu mosalekeza

mkati kuposa akunja malangizo.

Ngakhale oyamba a fruiting ndondomeko lokha, Zodabwitsa ndizakuti,
zikusonyeza kwambiri kusiyana pakati pa zomera ndi nyama, kuti pali mokwanira
yokutidwa mu mmodzi yemweyo kwenikweni kudziona chinyezimiro ndondomeko,
apa awiri mbali ndondomeko. Zimenezi zingakhale wofunika kwambiri ku
psyche. Chomera ndi Animal Ufumu zili basi osati zimenezi mobwerezabwereza
koma wowonjezera; zimene zikuchitika mu nyama mu mdima kukomoka yekha
tifufuza ndalama mu zochitika kupereka anafotokoza zimene nthawi zonse
zikuchitika mu masamba Ufumu, imene imagwiritsidwa pa mbewu basi mfundo
yaikulu awo moyo wozindikira. Extremes kukumana mwinamwake zambiri
mokwanira. Pano kukhudzana Komanso umanena mwachirendo mokwanira mu
maonekedwe akunja.
Ndipotu, munthu akhoza kokha tikambirane masewera a kunja kufanana, koma
zonse ziri yekha, monga zipatso, komanso mutu wa munthu, ambiri pamwamba,
kawirikawiri atazunguliridwa ndi ngati zovuta chigaza, mbewu m'menemo
mawonekedwe a ubongo zambiri N'lopusitsa ofanana, 1) ndi ku maiko osiyana
zomera awiri cotyledons, monga mmene ubongo ku maiko osiyana nyama ziwiri
hemispheres; inde monga nkhani ya mankhwala ali mapuloteni-monga mwa onse.
1)

ndimakumbukira wlsche nati; Koma kufanana tiziwakonda, ngati wina

akukumbukira kuti m'munsi nyama yosalala ubongo.

XV. Kuyerekezera, schemata.

Ena mwina anayesa pofotokoza ubale wa nyama ndi zomera ndi limodzi
chiphiphiritso, yosavuta chiwembu, kapena chizindikiritso ndi chierengero pakati
zinthu zina nthawi yomweyo lakuthwa ndi kufika. Ine ndikuganiza kuti ineyo
zosatheka. General mawu osavuta schemata, wophiphiritsa kufananitsa mungakhoze
kokha kukhala zothandiza kupereka kuipidwa ubwenzi ena masamba kapena
amangotchula moyenera. Choncho zomera ndi nyama akhoza akuletsa kumalo ozizira
ndi zibwenzi kwa wina ndi mzake; Koma ndi angati njira kuvota koma
zimagwirizana; pambuyo wina ulemu monga masitepe anaikidwa ofukula
mizati; koma monga ena mabwenzi, dongosolo adzakhala ntchito; mukhoza
kumvetsa mbewu monga nyama ntchito ndi ena anagona; koma sangathe kuchita mu
zonse inu simutero. Munthu angathe kudzala mzere, chirombo wotchedwa mpira,
kuitana nkhope kwambiri chowulungika, wina wautali padziko; koma inu kotero
woona physiognomy chizindikiro choyenera, kapena kodi iwo amapeza ichi ambiri
chiwembu? Munthu angathe yerekezerani zomera ndi nyama zimenezi kapena kuti
konkire chinthu, monga mmodzi angakhoze kupeza zambiri mutu apulo, peyala wina
ofanana; Koma kodi njira zambiri, monga kufananitsa akali nthawizonse kuseri kwa
cholondola, mu angati kufika kutsidya? Pomaliza, ubale nyama ndi zomera koma ndi
chilichonse molondola, akuthwa ndi zambiri mabuku kutanthauza kukhala kuposa
ponena kuti adali chabe ubale wa nyama ndi zomera. Iwo anapeza chibwenzi ndi
kuchotsedwa ake mphindi kwina kotero monga pakati pa nyama ndi zomera. Nature
imadzibwereza yokha paliponse ndithu.

Komabe, nthawi zonse wina kufunika m'malo kuganizira zovuta mabwenzi mu

Enge kuyerekeza zokhudza madera, ndi ntchito chomveka njira, panthai unsembe
monga ntchito schemata ndi mafanizo angakhale kwa alendo onse, mfundo ndi
nkhani akamanena, maganizo a mabwenzi pakati zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe
m'madera lalikulu phindu ankayembekezera.
Pano kuti tipeze njira, amene kwenikweni zinakwaniritsa kuona ubwino, osati kale,
iwo sangakhoze kuchita bwino kuno, ndipo analenga izo, ife adzatha ntchito
mokwanira mwanjira zovuta, chifukwa chakuti ntchito yeniyeni tsatanetsatane
kukambirana, monga Apa akhoza munkakhala, kozama botanical ndi Zoological
chidziwitso, monga otithandiza kulimvetsa, kodi molungama.
Kotero ife ikani kutsatira chitsanzo si mekeza kwambiri, kapena cholinga
chenicheni mu poyerekeza ndi chojambula view kugwirizana pakati pa nyama ndi
zomera. Only apa ndi apo ngati Ernst umanena mwa masewerawo. Komanso mbali
ya masewera ali ndicho imeneyi, okhoza kutenga osachepera mzimu, ngati izo si kale
chidwi sayansi rigor.
Kudziwika mokwanira, ngakhale mwapadera kawiri ndakatulo chidwi kutumikira,
ndi kuyerekeza zomera, makamaka maluwa, nthawi zina ndi ana, nthawi zina ndi
akazi. Onse zikuoneka ngati osiyana m'mafanizo, tsopano mungapeze mfundo
wamba lumikiza ndi akazi nthawi zonse okha okha ana motsutsana ndi anthu. Mwa
njira onse akugwira phunziro lomwelo zosiyanasiyana kumathandiza kupeza ngodya
zabwino.
Mfundo za kuyerekezera maluwa ndi ana kuti iwo ankaona kuti lapansi wawo
wamba mayi, komabe tigwiritsitse iye, kumupanga iye aziyamwa chakudya; kuti
akhale akomere zonse zofunika pamoyo wanu; Musalowe mu mtunda; kuti
wokondeka, wochezeka, wosalakwa, opanda amene akuchita chirichonse kwa
thupi; yowala madiresi kuvulaza, ndipo wathu maganizo, adakali mmwamba ndi
moyo wake monga kugonana, monga mwana wa moyo. Apamwamba umene
n'kubwera naye ana a maganizo, ang'onoang'ono chidole -, DS kupenda
Bschekindchen kale atakulungidwa achinyamata plantlets munali Mbewu ndi
tchire; wosadziwa, koma kudziwa bwino tanthauzo akuluakulu kwenikweni. Aliyense
nkhaniyi ndi Schiller a nyimbo ichi:
Ana a tapered dzuwa,
maluwa chokongoletsedwa holo, etc.
amene ndithudi kumbali yathu mavuto ndemanga kuti kuli ndakatulo anali nkani
ngati maluwa usiku, monga Iye anati wagwidwa usiku; ndipo osati anafunika wa
wokhudza anthu ndi zala zake, kutsanulira iwo moyo, chinenero, moyo mtima,
zitatha izi kale kwambiri wamphamvu kwambiri zala.
Ngakhale chiyambi cha nyimbo ndi Heine, amene pafupifupi sizikumveka
kuchokera Heine, ngati inu mukukumbukira pamene adanena kwa mwana;
"Inu ndinu ngati maluwa,
Choncho lokoma ndi zokongola
ndi koyera ", etc.

A pang'ono pokha ndakatulo Ndithudi pamafunika kuchokera pamene Hegel

(Nature Philos S. 471st) limati: "Zomera Komabe, monga woyamba kudziona
subsistent chilli amene adakali amachokera immediacy, ofooka, achibwana moyo
mwa iye pakokha koma wawuka kwa kusiyana. " - Aliyense mu njira yake!
Koma mwina ochuluka mfundo zoyerekezera amapereka akuimira khalidwe la
ukazi a zomera.
Zomera akhala ngati mkazi akadali inaletsedwa ku ing'onoing'ono bwalo wa moyo
umene iye masamba okhaokha adatengedwa Komabe, nyama wokhudza munthu
unbound mu mtunda; koma iye akudziwa mwa iye zolimba dera zonse wotsatira ku
yabwino ntchito, maphunziro ndi chidziwitso bwinobwino popanda kubweretsa izo
konse kwa apamwamba luntha la nyama, ndipo zimenezi, mkazi wa mwamuna
amene zina moyang'ana m'tsogolo ndiponso Umblick ndi Wasintho zikunena mu
dziko lakunja kusiya. Zomera akhala, monga mkazi wa munthu, nthawi zonse
chifuniro cha nyama phunziro, koma ngakhale yabwino chierengero, monga
tikuonera gulugufe kwa maluwa, osati mosiyana. Iye chats ngati yafungo anansi
ake. Iwo amaonetsetsa chakudya cha nyama, anaphikira mkate (m'khutu),
kukonzekera ndiwo zamasamba chomwecho. Mumaikonda malonda koma akhala ku
pachimake moyo wawo, kuyang'ana wokongola kudzikongoletsa ndi nthawizonse
kuimira latsopano ndi kukongola kwake chithunzi. Kodi pali koma ngakhale ena
maluwa kuti adzauka ngati akazi zoyera zinthu yekha Patapita zovala zokongola,
ndithudi zovala mobwerezabwereza. 1) Koma patapita nthawi achinyamata chikondi
wapita, mbewu adzakhala wodzipereka ku latsopano ntchito. Tsopano iye aukitsa
zokongola tinsel pambali, ndipo wawo woyamba ndi akhanyerezera ndi kusamalira
ana awo aang'ono, kumene iye amasamalirira ndi zimbalangondo, ndi amene,
pambuyo potsiriza alibe kwa iye, komabe anaimirira mozungulira nthawi
yotalikirapo.
1)

"Choncho z. B. (kungotchulapo zokhudza kwambiri zitsanzo)

wa Cheiranthus Chamaeleon ndi yochitidwa maluwa, amene ali ndimu chikasu
ndipo potsiriza ofiira kenako, poyamba ndi yaing'ono akupangira wa violet.
The pamakhala a Stylidium fruticosum R. br. Kodi wotumbululuka yellow
pamene iwo anawonongeka, koma kenako mwayera ndi kuwala ananyamuka
yofiira utoto. Maluwa aOenothera tetraptera L. ali poyamba woyera, ndiye
rosenrot ndi pafupifupi wofiira. Tamarindus indica L. ali, monga mwa Acrobat
G. Hayne, pa tsiku loyamba woyera pamakhala ndipo chachiwiri chikasu. The
corolla wa Cobaea scandens Cav ali. tsiku loyamba la Kamaoneka yoyera,
tsiku violet. The hibiscus mutabilis L. ali pa nkhani imeneyi ndi chidwi ndi
zothandiza chodabwitsa. Zake maluwa ndi ndicho m'mawa pamene
chibwenzicho ( natre) amadziwa usana adzatembenuza ofiira kapena kapezi,
ndipo potsiriza, pamene (dzuwa linalowa, ndi wofiira. Mu nyengo ya West
Indies kuti mtundu kusintha wokhazikika. (Decand., Physiol. II p. 724.)

Munthu anakumbutsa pano zimene Schiller anati:

"Munthu azituluka
mu ankhanza moyo,
ntchito chiyenera ndipo amayesetsa
ndi chomera ndi kulenga
Erlisten erraffen,
Mosavuta, ndi kulimba
kusaka Chimwemwe ....
Ndipo m'nyumba amalamulira
The wodzichepetsa wapabanja,
mayi wa ana,
ndi kukhala nawo ulamuliro monga
mwa zoweta bwalo,
ndi kuphunzitsa atsikana,
ndi kuletsa mnyamatayo,
ndipo amayambitsa wosatha
ndi khama manja,
ndi kuchulukitsa Nkhata
ndi ordnendem m'lingaliro.
Mudzaze ndi chuma onunkhira zifuwa
ndi kutembenukira padziko purring
spindle ulusi,
ndipo amatenga mu mopanda smoothed
maalumali, ndi shimmering ubweya, ndi
schneeigten Lein,
ndipo anawonjezera kuti uthenga wa
gleam ndi kwanu,
ndipo umakhala ayi.
Sindikukayikira, monga ndakatulo nthawizonse chinachake wanga, monga iwo
amati zenizeni zimene sagacity wa Boom yatsala kudziwa kuti wolemba ndakatulo
umo tizindikira kwenikweni kokha ubale wa nyama ndi zomera amafuna kuimira
monga ikulongosola bwino chirichonse. Ziphunzitso ndi weirs, mvula ya manja ndi
zina ngati ambiri ndithu amaoneka zochepa zoyenera; koma pali, monga onse
Zikatero, pa ufulu kutanthauzira. Aliyense ana, koma ali popeza anali atapachikidwa
pa mbewu ya kholo chomera, kuphunzira kwa iye momwe kukula osati
kukula; imapatsidwa mvula ya wotanganidwa manja koma akufotokoza moyenera
imapatsidwa anatambasula za mapepala amene Umsichwirken ndi ntchito ya mbewu
kuti akonze zipangizo pa utumiki wa chirombo. Chuma mu sitolo zomangidwa ndi
ambiri zokoma zinthu zomera ku maselo, monga mwa zipinda wa nduna,
kusonkhanitsa; ndi kusandutsa ulusi padziko spindle, ndi kupota wa mwauzimu
ziwiya ndi zina kupoletsa mwauzimu formations akutanthauza umene mbewu
kugonjetsedwa ntchito. Ndi shimmering ubweya ndi fulakesi schneeigten ndi
akulimbana ndi thonje ndi fulakesi, ndi gloss ndipo adzakhala opeza pa shimmering
mitundu ya mbewu.

Patatha izi yokumba kutanthauzira ndi monga yosavuta wachisomo ndakatulo

Rckerts kwambiri ankakonda bwino, umene wafala mkazi maluwa okongola njira:
Duwa yosiyira ntchito.
"Ine ndine pachimake m'munda
ndi kudikira mwa kachetechete.
Pamene nanga
inu tritst wanga mabwalo.
Kodi akubwera ray kwa dzuwa,
MMENE ine wako mtendere
zikuchitikazo chifuwa chake akadali,
Ndipo khalani maso.
Kodi inu mungabwere monga mame ndi mvula,
Kotero ine yako madalitso
Mu Chikondi mbale kukhulupirira
sanamulole youma.
Ndipo inu fhrest mokoma
pa ine mu mphepo,
Motero 'Ine amakonda ine,
Nanena, ine ndine iwe mwini.
Ine ndine pachimake m'munda
ndi kudikira mu Sille,
liti ndiponso motani
inu adzayendamo wanga mabwalo. "
(Rckerts Ges. Ndakatulo NDI
98.)

Monga ana ndi kumudzi pa nthawi yomweyo maluwa (.. ndakatulo, Vol II, p 97
Ges.) Kodi zotsatira mizere kuchokera Rckerts Amaryllis amadziwika:
M'chaka chithupsa kuchokera yozizira kuyenda
mame, kapena ana awo ayenera kumwa;
akulonjeza kuti akangomwa Morgenlied ndi
kusangalala wo.
Ndipo imakongoletsa ake wobiriwira nyumba ndi
maluwa n'kulembekalembeka.
Bwera, mtima wanga, zopempha zanu kupenyetsetsa
asamayendeyende
pambuyo maluwa zimene zimakopa onse makonde !
dziko la atsikana, chifukwa lamanja ndi lamanzere

Steh'n kutsukidwa izo, kenako mukufuna kulumikiza?

"
Ndi tizilombo zomera ndi zoonekeratu kufanana mwina kwa munthu mbali mwina
pa mavuto awo metamorphosis lonse, 2) tinapatsidwa kale za ena ndemanga nthawi.
2) ndalama. pano padziko, yapakati alia, Linnaeus mu m. Metamorphosis
plantarum boma pres. KODI Car. Linnaei proposita ndi Nic. A
Dalberg. Upsaliac, 1755, mu Amoenitat. acad. IV. P. 368th

Ngakhale thupi ndi mtundu, amachitira kufanana pakati maluwa ndi

agulugufe; kuti sikuti munthu zambiri downright anayerekezera agulugufe ndi
lotayirira maluwa kukhala moyo.Nkhwere koma ena maluwa maluwa agulugufe njira
yonse; ndi dzina la gulugufe maluwa, zomera lalikulu kalasi (kumene vetch, nyemba,
etc. a) amatsogolera, izonso zikutsimikizira ndi kutenga ulamuliro pano
kufanana. Koma chidwi za kunja kufanana ukuwonjezeka kwambiri poganizira kale
mobwerezabwereza anakhudza tikuyamba kuwombola ubale awiri;kumene mkazi
khalidwe la maluwa makamaka noticeable pankhani kuwala. Duwalo ngati kupumula
pansi butterfly, akudikira kubwera kwa piringupiringu; Mofananamo ubwenzi, monga
ifenso tiri mu tizilombo ufumu wokha, z. B. pakati Weiblein ndi mwamuna dzombe
kachilomboka zindikirani. Kuti, a ndege mafuta Chifukwa chosowa ikufunika
pansi; izo akukhala mosavutika zobiriwira ndi amakopa pokhapokha kuwala luster
kwa mwamuna wamng'ono. Izi ofanana gloss, koma mwina owala maso monga
mkazi wamng'ono ndi kuyang'ana chimodzimodzi pa m'midzi. Choncho mtundu
ukulu wa maluwa kuchokera zobiriwira magetsi, ndipo chokongoletsedwa ndi
mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuwala, koma owala kuyang'ana maso, gulugufe
akuyang'ana pa iye, iye amene anamukhomera pansi, akhoza kokha
ndikumuyembekezera.
Monga Gulugufe ndi maluwa ofanana ndi mzake mwachindunji, ndipo
zikuchitikazo onse mwanjira yofanana ngakhale chimodzimodzi dongosolo limene
adawodzera chatsekedwa ndipo apangidwe mpaka kale kale pa siteji ya
chitukuko. Amene sakanakhoza kwenikweni pakati pa Mphukira imene maluwa, ndi
chidole imene Gulugufe yopuma, onse Zitatero mu Community ufumu wa kuunika,
komanso kupeza thupi kufanana? Inde, ngakhale mapesi ndi, pang'onopang'ono
kukula, chinsalu opangidwa amakankhira kwa ena, ndi mkanda sangakhale ndithu
wosayerekezeka, ndi mphambu zokwawa, ndi mwendo umodzi amakankhira kwa ena
patsogolo. Iwo lofotokozabe okha chomera, monga taonera kale, nthawi zonse
looneka Koma tizilombo revoking zake kale siteji chitukuko pansi palokha.
The mpweya amatsogolera mwauzimu ziwiya zimene kudutsa lonse pomanga
chomera, ndipo, ndithudi, nthambi, mpweya ducts, amene kudutsa lonse la tizilombo,
kukhazikitsa ena ubale pakati pa onse mkati gulu.
Amene akondwera zofanana m'mafanizo, ubale nyama ndi zomera ku nyama lokha
kwa yokha mu chierengero cha kwambiri clumped mantha dongosolo kuti
kwambiri nthambi ya mtima dongosolo, kapena mbewu yokha mu chierengero cha

kwambiri chapakatikati chomaliza pachimake ku mfulu ndi mbali nthambi

zimayambira mudzapeza. Koma ndi chimene otsiriza kupeza mfundo
zoyerekezera! Kungakhale chosasangalatsa ndiponso opanda ntchito pa nthawi
yomweyo kuchita iwo kulikonse. Pamene panali nthawi imene pafupifupi lonse
ntchito masoka nzeru ankafunsira mu pursuance amenewa kufanana. Ine ndidzakhala
otsiriza kufuna amapangitsa kachiwiri.
Pakuti zambiri zosangalatsa tiganizira, ndi tanenera kale peculiarity zomera
amataya chizolowezi mwauzimu formations ndi udindo ziwalo. Ngati wina akufuna
choyamba kupereka wophiphiritsa gimmick kwa mphindi zochepa chidwi, choncho
ndikuganiza za spirally onsewo ku masamba ndi mapesi lonse kutalika kwa mbewu
mpaka maluwa (pistil, stamens ndipo pamakhala) ndi forterstreckenden mwauzimu
ziwiya; Komanso. Tokoma kuti muli maluwa, Gulugufe, kufunafuna tokoma, ndi
mphamvu, mkati, makamaka chakupha ndi zowawa zinthu, zomera Ndiye duwa
sangakhale ofanana ndi choipa ofalitsidwa ndi njoka n'zogwirizana mapesi chikho
cha Hygeia, imene hineinzngelt awo poizoni zinthu pa utumiki wa mulungu
wamkazi wa kuchiritsa taphunzira njoka pamwamba pa mutu wake; Koma gulugufe
atakhala pa maluwa, ndi munthu amene amafuna izo tokoma zaumoyo, koma
kuchikwaniritsa, tiyenera kusamukira kale pa malirime a mutu wa
mamba; mwachitsanzo okha wapakatikati zotsatira pa Seraya oopsa zinthu kuchiritsa
machiritso kumayambitsa matenda.
Kenako: Man akugwira kotero ambiri mwauzimu chizolowezi cha mbewu zambiri
polimbana ndi ulamuliro chizolowezi nyama mu mawonekedwe yosatha mmbuyo ndi
kuzungulira kwa kayendedwe. Ndiye inu mukhoza kunena mbewu amachitira
kamangidwe ndi mkati kuyenda njira zambiri pansi pa mawonekedwe a pachaka
(akuoneka) kayendedwe ka dzuwa mu mlengalenga, yemwe ali mwauzimu
kudziwika, nyama zambiri pa tsiku kayendedwe ka yemweyo, amene ali
chimaonekadi ndi zozungulira anatengedwa, kapena aakulu, yekha limodzi kukhota
kwa pachaka mwauzimu njira ya dzuwa; ndipo mukhale, kumbukirani kuti ngakhale
kugona ndi akudzuka mbewu zambiri za pachaka, nyama zambiri motere tsiku
nyengo. Ndi zinthu zina, kulemekezana N'kuthekanso kuti, mmera anauza kwambiri
ndi kayendedwe, amene mfundo padziko lapansi, nyama pambuyo zimene pakati pa
lapansi monga chimazungulira dzuwa, malinga ngati kayendedwe ka mfundo padziko
lapansi kukhala analemba za kasinthasintha wa dziko lapansi kuzungulira nguli ndipo
yake mozungulira dzuwa, komanso mwauzimu ndi. Panthawiyi amenewa ndi
mabwenzi kuti angathe kupeza tanthauzo kudzera chidziwitso cha causal ubale
sayansi, zimene palibe chiyembekezo cha tsopano.
Ngakhale kwambiri sayansi mbali kodi mwauzimu chizolowezi zomera kutenga
napeza chifaniziro cha chomera mtundu pambuyo wina ulemu. Kodi nafenso pano
kwambiri mwachidule waukulu zotsatira za kafukufuku za Schimperschen ndi:
Chiwembu onse wangwiro mmera hereinafter anaimira pansi mawonekedwe a
lalikulu pansi yosasuntha chitsulo chogwira matayala, kumene malinga ndi zina
masamu malamulo mbali radii (masamba) kunja. Chilamulo cha udindo wawo pa
olamulira limasonyeza kwambiri kusiyana mawonekedwe a mbewu, koma nthawi

zonse amapezeka pansi mawonekedwe a mwauzimu mzere, amene mphepo padziko

olamulira makamaka ndime akutuma zotumphukira radii. Tiyeni kuitana kuzungulira
kwa mwauzimu chotero mbali chimene aliyense utali wozungulira (pepala)
kuyembekezera mpaka akuthamanga mpaka ku utali wozungulira mofanana,
olamulira kufanana mzere, pamene woyamba ali, akadzafika, funso n'lakuti: l) angati
radii (masamba) ali ipyole mwauzimu mu periphery wa chitsulo chogwira matayala
kufika m'munsi malire utali wozungulira vuto pamwamba, mmene mbali zambiri za
vuto Choncho anagawa ndi 3) 2) angati zipolopolo ali ndi mwauzimu mkati mwa
mkombero kuti kufika pamwamba kuchokera pansi malire utali wozungulira mwa
wapakatikati radii. Onse chiwerengero cha zigawo za kusintha kwa mwauzimu mwa
madzi tsopano zonse kwa aliyense zomera, koma osiyana zosiyana zomera, choncho
ali zayamba khalidwe la mitundu.Aliyense nambala zigawo ndi zipolopolo koma
n'zotheka; koma manambala mfundo angathe kumwedwa chabe ku kutsatira
mndandanda:
L, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233,
amene chilamulo ndi zovuta kupeza. Awiri oyambirira ambiri yemweyo Ndipotu
woyamba masoka manambala, lachitatu number ndi wofanana Uwerenge awiri
oyambirira, ndipo nthawi iliyonse wotsatira nambala Uwerenge awiri yoyamba
izo. Choncho, chiwerengero cha zigawo madzi z. B. 2 kapena 3 kapena 5 kapena 8,
koma osati 4 kapena 6 kapena $ 7, ndi mmenenso zilili ndi chiwerengero cha
zipolopolo. Chiwerengero cha mbali ndi chiwerengero cha kusintha kwa mwauzimu,
mwa zofanana mkombero kapena inayake lamulo amagwirizana. . Ngati
Mwachitsanzo chiwerengero cha zigawo 2, kotero kuti a kusintha nthawi zonse L
(zimene amene amathira 1/2), chiwerengero cha zigawo 3, kuti zipolopolo ndi L
(ie 1/3); ndi chiwerengero cha zigawo 5, kuti zipolopolo ndi 2 (ie 2/5), ndi pa zonse
zotheka zinthu motere:
1/2, 1/3, 2/5, 3/8,

5/13

8/21, 13/34, 21/55, 34/89, 55/144, 89/233, ...

Kodi chilamulo chiri kachiwiri zovuta kupeza. Potsimikizira lililonse kachigawo ndi
chimene yachiwiri yoyamba ndicho kachigawo ofanana.
3)

Ngati utali wozungulira mu imeneyi awiri malire radii wa adzizungulira,

kotero izi mwachibadwa kugawidwa pawiri ndi; Awiri Ndipotu iye ndi zina
yagawidwa m'magawo atatu., Konse mu L chigawo kwambiri kuposa
chiwerengero cha wapakatikati radii. Kwambiri mbali ndi m'zinthu mbewu,
mochuluka za olamulira kufanana mizere, pali, imene ndi nthawi masamba
mmene mbewu.

Ndi lolondola pano Schimperschen maganizo ndithu konsekonse anavomereza; ndi

makamaka nthawi zonse manambala mfundo za m'mbuyomo fractures amakanizidwa
Tinganene angapo Ofufuza. Abale Bravais akhala osiyana kwambiri njira kuimira
mwauzimu chizolowezi cha pepala udindo mwa lamulo. Naumann ankamuona ngati
lofunika chilamulo cha Quincunx pepala udindo. Mwamasamu yeniyeni udindo

zinthu pali konse pa chomera, ndipo kokha ndi kuwongola kuzipenya Beiseitlassung
ndi wosiyana milandu, kuvomereza kulephera ndiponso. Mofanana. The kuoneka
wamphumphu lamulo akutuluka, kuti asonyeze mbewu patapita
zimenezo. Lang'anani, akuyandikira tsamba udindo kwa de A facto kumbali, zomwe
zikuoneka ku mwauzimu mtundu, koma popanda organic ufulu Motero kwathunthu
inathetsedwa.
A momveka bwino za zotsatira za kafukufuku Schimperschen zimene tikuphunzira
otsiriza, amapezeka Burmeister nkhani ya chilengedwe (2 Mkonzi. S. 340). Kuti
mumve zambiri pankhani imeneyi kuona zotsatira mabuku :. Dr. Schimper,
kungokamba za Symphytum zeyheri etc. mu Geigers magazini S. Pharmacie .. Vol.
XXIX. S. L FF. - Dr. A. Braun, poyerekeza kuphunzira pa gulu la mamba pa paini
cones, etc. Nov. Act. Acad. CLNCT khumi ndi chinayi. Vol. I. p. 195-402. - Dr.
Schimper, nkhani zokhuza kuthekera sayansi kumvetsa tsamba udindo, etc.,
analandira kwa Dr. A. Braun. Flora Jahrg. XVIII. palibe. 10. 11. 12. (1835). - L. neri
A. Bravais, Memoires Sur La mtima des Feuilles neri gomtrique wa inflorescences,
patsogolo d'zosagwiritsidwa makalata ofunsira des travaux wa MM Schimper neri Le
mme sujet Sur Brown, ndime Ch Martius neri A. Bravais ... Paris 1838. German wa
Walpers. Wroclaw. 1839. - Bravais mu Ann. ndi SC. nat. 1837 Part Bot .. 42. I. 1839.
Part Bot .. II L - .. Naumann mu Pogg. Ann. 1842. (2 mzere). Vol. 26, S. L. (Hons.
Mu Wiegm. Chipilala. 1844. II. 49.)
Kenako malo a mbali zigawo ndi chitsulo chogwira matayala ali makamaka
kusintha, nthawi zambiri kukhala mu mzake, inafika kwa masiku naturalists pa
lokha. Tiyeni kupereka khalidwe la atsopano zomera kafukufuku wakapangidwe
kazachilengedwe wofanana zotsatirazi Kufotokoza mwa chidule za katswiri ku
chipinda (Link mu Wiegm. Chipilala. 1842.II. p.164).
"The chinthu posachedwapa kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe, ndi
zobwezedwa kusiyana umene mbewu ili, chifukwa ndi zofunika mawonekedwe,
koma makamaka kuti anaganiza. Ndi ndondomeko zomera onena ndi
crystallographer mu mineralogy ndi a kwambiri kapena zochepa ndendende
kumatanthauza zofunika kanjedza linachokera zosiyanasiyana mbali kanjedza
zimachitika m'chilengedwe. The zomera ndi koma mmalo mwa galasi loyang'anizana
weniweni mawu, kumene anachita olamulira madera, ndi imene mbali mapanelo
ngati ziwalo. The ndalama amene amagwiritsa, mmene patsogolo mgwirizano ndi
kukuza, kuchotsa yandikira, logwirizana ndi koma wosakhwima ndi kukhala coarser
ndi zina zotero, izo; kubala anthu ndilochokera, tsopano izo mu malingaliro inu
amaonetsera mbali kuchepetsa ndi kwathunthu kwina (avorter) masamba wapezeka
mu chikhalidwe kuzipenya. Makamaka izo zapezeka kuti mbali mbali kuwasandutsa
wina ndi mzake, amene akhoza kuyang'ana pa masamba monga maziko a mtundu
chimene onse mbali zina zapakati pa m'chimake wa mwana wosabadwayo. Ichi ndi
metamorphosis zomera kuti inu tsopano kuti Goethe amatchedwa France, latsopano
mafashoni, monga iwo akhala limatchedwa komanso Germany. Iwo ayenera
kutchedwa Linnaean kwenikweni, popeza kale mokwanira kuwalankhula pamtima
Linnaeus. "

N'zosavuta kuona kuti pamwamba njira yopangira ndi ena ofanana nawo, ndi
chikhalidwe chawo amalola, kupanga chirichonse kuchokera chirichonse. Ndipo mu
nkhaniyi ndipo mwankhanza wakhala kuchita mokwanira. Yosintha mbali mapanelo
mu mzake koma akhala kwambiri chidwi ndi yofunika chodabwitsa, wina akhoza
kuwerenga zambiri Goethe a siginecha pa chomera metamorphosis.
Ambiri ndi wofunika kwambiri tanthauzo kwa ubale wa nyama ndi zomera
ndikuona kangapo kale anakhudza mosiyana ndi Entwickelungsrichtung muno
m'dziko komanso kubwalo kukhala.
Yochepa tinganene: nyama ukunka mu yekha, kutuluka mbewu kuchokera; kuti
lagawidwa, makutu zambiri mkati, zinthu zambiri akunja. Ngakhale kuti kusiyana ndi
malire, koma kuti inu mukhoza kuwona m'njira ya chitukuko ku osokoneza
wapakatikati kumalo a koma kunenepa mu nyama lonse kwambiri kwa woyamba,
monga masamba ufumu pa lachiwiri mbali.
Ndipotu, timapanga nyama ndi zomera awo full'll thu magawo akukumana mnzake:
Anamaliza nyama kunja kwambiri yaying'ono, mu ndithu olimba enieni
mawonekedwe, ndi ochepa ochokera ena kunja zolosera ndipo mofanana ena
yosamveka zidindo pa yunifolomu chunks wa thupi, Komano m'kati glie chodabwitsa
mmodzi wa apamwamba nyama, nthawizonse kuuka kwa m'munsi zobwezedwa a
ziwalo amene kachiwiri anawagawa konse bwino ndi bwino subdivisions ndipo
potsiriza kutsatira womaliza kwambiri mkati zosintha ya ufulu wa moyo kayendedwe
ngakhale chamkati gulu mabwenzi abwino luso mwa mapangidwe maganizo
kachitidwe m'njira ya sadziwa maganizo moyo wabwino. Mu ubongo, otsiriza ulusi
ngakhale losokonezeka kuwombera monga m'litali ndi m'lifupi mwa nsalu, monga
mwa zonse mkati kukula ndi limawola n'kusanduka otsiriza kanthu akhala koma ndi
kukula palokha, kapena limawola n'kusanduka kale Zerfllte ngakhale atauzidwa. Pa
ntchito ndi chitukuko cha ichi mumtima mphambano ndiye apamwamba maganizo
moyo kumayenderana.
Zomera Komano kuti pachimake pa moyo wawo internally mobwerezabwereza
okha iye wonyong'onya Gemeng wa ulusi, maselo, machubu darbietend popanda
kwambiri kuwonongedwa kwa ziwalo, Komano mu kosatherapo kuchokera m'munsi
mwa apamwamba zomera, wa fuko ndi nthambi , mwa iwo monga nthambi za izi
monga masamba, auswachsend zimenezi ngakhale pambuyo veining konse
kuwonjezeka chuma kunja wafika mwakemu, cohesive chomaliza mphukira akunja
voraussetzlich ndi ufulu wa miyoyo yawo zikhumbo. Inenso mpaka chomaliza
kukodwa, ngakhale mwa njira ina kuposa kale, zobiriwira; ndi nthambi, masamba
pakati pa wina ndi mzake ndi kukula ndipo kotero lamdima lija korona
mawonekedwe; masamba wokha Choncho anatuluka kuti tsamba nthiti, nthawi zonse
zabwino nthambi, potsiriza amakumana papite.
Mfundo imeneyi kupeza kochulukira chidwi tikaika iwo ndi chojambula mu
ubwenzi, kenako thupi la nyama ngati thumba khalidwe amene wozindikira m'dera
uli mkati wa chomera ngati kumene pamtima ndi ndiye lonse chierengero ndi
choikidwa kusiyana wa indentation ndi protuberance thumba limeneli. Ikhoza
chamkati ndi chakunja nthambi za nyama ndi zomera gulu bwino kutenga monga

paulimi ndi protuberances kuti apitirize gehends kosalekeza kuyatsa ndi

eversion. Ndipo sakhoza kuona kuti ambiri chikhalidwe invaginated mitundu
amadzudzula everted akalumikidzidwa wa mwina zofanana, mwina yekha ndi maso
zapadera tanthauzo; . Monga mapapo ndi makutu; maliseche masculiua ndi
zachikazi. Apa ife ikuchitika izi kutsutsana pa lonse pakati pa maufumu awiri. The
stlpende Dzanja watenga ake kuukira sanali wozindikira pamwamba pa thumba
Mulimonsemo, ndipo kotero wozindikira pamwamba pa nyama anaikidwa mkati
indentations kuti chabe chomera pa malaya protuberances. (Ndithudi, palokha yekha
otsutsana a wozindikira ndi sanali wozindikira mbali ya chamoyo njere ya
mchere kutenga.)
Chatsekedwa thumba nyama wamkulu komanso woyamba juts mu yekha, kuti
mwendo n'lakuti ngati nightcap, atakhala pa mutu; thumba la mbewu Komabe, mkati
iwiri M'mapapo ndi ananyamuka yaitali. The indentation mu nyama imagwiritsidwa
alimentary ngalande, ndi protuberance pa mbewu muzu. The einstlpende movement
ku nyama zachitika ndi mphamvu imene bursts wake kapu ndipo mulomo aumbike,
pamene pansi kapu wabizinesiyo ndi anus. Matumbo kachigawo ka nyama ndi ndiye
anazembera ku malovu tiziwalo timene timatulutsa, chiwindi, kapamba; Kuwonjezera
- indentations ya m'thumba mapapo ndi maliseche chosalimba. Komabe, pali thumba
la nyama kwenikweni wachiphamaso pepala ndi mumtima pepala satsatira
mawu. Koma kuchokamo lofotokoza, ndi ong'ambika ndipo waika limodzi laling'ono
zotheka malo anakomoka wokha ku ubongo ndi msana; Koma kunja pepala ali ndi
khungu mozungulira invagination matumbo ngalande kutali zedi pachabe. Izi
zimachititsa lalikulu patsekeke pakati pa khungu ndi matumbo ngalande, zimene
ananena misempha pepalalo apangidwe Choncho, si kudzaza kusiyana pa
mtunda. Pofuna kuti achoke kwambiri ndi opanda, khungu tsopano waluso alimbane
ndi khushoni cha thupi ndi minofu, ndi kupereka lonse kukonza anakonza braces,
amase- fupa, anatambasula anachita batting ndi pakati Intaneti bwino sewn, ndi
potero imodzi sewn mantha Journal a khungu ndi matumbo Journal. Komanso,
kumatula kutali wa mantha chinsalu cha khungu ndi m'mimba tsamba misempha
adakali anakhalabe pansi monga ya mnofu flakes mu matumbo pepala monga
kulumikiza ulusi khungu pepala ndi ganglia.
Mu mbewu alibe kulekana kwa thumba kumaoneka awiri osiyana mapepala, ndi
everted Pflanzenbalg chabe modzaza ulusi ndi connective minofu. The vegetative ndi
wozindikira tsamba kugwa pano limodzi. Ndipo ili ndi kusiyana kwa watanthauzo
zina ndi kusiyana motsogozedwa Muzifunsa ndi protuberance, koma indisputably
akuima causal monga teleological ubale thereto.
Kwenikweni, ndithudi, izo si kulikonse weniweni dzanja, koma schematizing
mfundo zimene onse anasonyeza Stlpbewegungen. Iwo makutu, Kwenikweni,
palibe khungu kapena, koma anapanga maselo pang'onopang'ono mu zinthu
zimenezi, kukula kwambiri ndi kukhala amangosamala kuti pang'onopang'ono
unwrinkled pamaso pa mmodzi pamaso pa chinachake kapena kutali apangidwe
kusandulika , The bwino n'chimodzimodzi ndi wotsiriza, koma ndondomeko zina
kuposa imene timakwanitsa lokha realiter paulimi ndi Ausfaltungen, zolowetsa ndi
protuberances.

Ngakhale ine ndiri kubweka kuti pakati njira khalidwe wamanjenje Journal, ndi
penapake fictionalized, kukhala kwambiri otengedwa ndi wolimba mtima mmbuyo
kutanthauzira chomaliza yosungirako zinthu monga yeniyeni ananena weniweni
Entwickelungsverhltnisse; Nanga ayenera kupewa, kuthetsa asayansi aakulu chidwi
ine akusiyanitsa ambiri chitsutso cha maphunziro ndi indentation pakati pa zomera
ndi nyama akuoneka kwambiri anaganiza.
Anapitiriza protuberance chimaposa pa mbewu basi kuti udachitikira moyo
wawo. Popeza akulowa mphindi imodzi, nthawi imene filament kapena mungu,
chilonda cha pistil chikunena, kumene chomera, titero, angakaphe mmbuyo pa lokha,
ndipo tsopano anayamba ndi kukula kwa mungu chubu mu M'mimbamo wa
n'kuwasanganiza kale okha ndi anasonyeza Einstlpungsproze amene anabauka
lonse fruiting.
Yachiwiri oscillation moyo kudzera mu mbewu lonse zosiyana koposa
zoyambazo. Nyama, izi siziri chimodzimodzi choncho, monga pa chiyambi cha moyo
ndondomeko apa akutenga malangizo a zambiri mkati; koma ndi chikusonyeza
zofanana komanso nyama chakuti nyama Chimakula msinkhu kunja kapena kukula,
koma kenako anapitiriza kusintha basi zambiri internally
Konse kuti n'loonadi chiwembu sindikufuna zambiri kupitirira malire
chomveka. Kumadera lakuya kwambiri zamoyo, akuyandikira wapakatikati pano,
protuberances kubwera nyama pamaso ambiri; kusiyana ndi koma apamwamba
tikukwera ndi bwino kupita m'tsogolo mwa onse maufumu. Ngakhale apamwamba
nyama, miyendo, mphuno, maliseche masc., The mammae, tsitsi protuberances, zina
khalidwe la nyama zosiyana.
Tiyeni tione kufunika amene ayenera yapita Mosiyana ndi zamatsenga.
Ngati mzimu ndi chinachake enieni ndipo zawo mtima komanso wapeza
makamaka akuti zamoyo chonyamulira ndi mafoni, kuti inu alibe chifukwa
tiyerekeze kuti wapadera mtima wa munthu amene akufotokoza yokha mu nyama
thupi, kanthu, koma tsopano moyo Assertiveness si Art kukumanizana. Zomera moyo
zidzakhala pokhapokha wina, anyamata m'njira zina kwa kusanduka; chinachake kwa
dziko lakunja Mokwanira-apangidwe, pomwe a ku chinachake pafupiapangidwe. Kuti mkati Ndiyeno, titero, more atsogolera moyo yokha, tingakhoze
kubwerera ku chokha, kutchulidwa chiwembu kuti wozindikira padziko pamaziko
ake kungomanga kunyanyala mmbuyo pa lokha, umene mumtima chikunena, inde
potsiriza mphambano pakati kudzipereka kwawo, kuti mphamvu angayambe
ankachitika atsopano kanthu remuneration. Zomera kumene wozindikira padziko
yokha mkati kuchokera kutali, izi siziri chimodzimodzi choncho; chifukwa ngati
ngakhale nthambi ndi masamba awo onse chonse ophunzira potsiriza komanso
Clasped, kuti akhalabe yodziwika koma makamaka kunja kucheza, ndipo pamene
iwo potsiriza kukhudza ena masamba ndi allerwegs mu tsamba mitsempha, kenako
akanema yekha kwa wina ndi mnzake, kapena anastomoses, popanda kukhudza pa
kachiwiri kulepheretsa lokha; pamene ife tikuwona nyama 'ubongo. Choncho moyo
wa chinyama lofotokozabe dera la interiority motsutsa chomera pasadakhale; ndipo
pachifukwa chomwecho mpaka pa mbewu zambiri yosavuta sensuality; ndi kutsika

malangizo a moyo ndi malangizo a kungomanga chikuchitika mu mbewu yeniyeni,

amene tsopano kupeza indisputably chofunika kwambiri kwa mbewu. Koma
sanachite katswiri choncho kuyambira pachiyambi lonse moyo wa mbewu monga
nyama, titero okha nsonga umbiegende mmene kuti nkutha ndi ukusandulika Animal
chake. Zomera amanyamula, titero, yaing'ono nyama monga korona,
zodzikongoletsera ndi wapamwamba pamwamba piramidi a dongosolo ndi moyo, ndi
Komanso ndi masinfikisi, ndilo chikhalidwe cha chirombo mwa miyambi, pamene
nyama m'munsi n'zimene izo ndi wofanana wotsatira Memnon a piramidi.
A ofanana lofunika Koma pamene mkati mwa organic pakati pa nyama ndi zomera
mamangidwe ungakhalenso mu kwambiri m'madera zachilengedwe pakati organic
ndi zochita kupanga kapangidwe ngakhale kupeza, koma kuti amapita kumbuyo kuno
ku pulayimale nyumba, pamene iye amapita kumeneko pa dongosolo lonse ,
The organic zolengedwa, ngati zinyama ndi zomera, uka kwa pulayimale mbali kuti
kukula kwa mkati ndi zikupiringizikira mkati ndi disassemble; ndi zochita kupanga,
makhiristo, kumuchitikira anthu amene kukula outwards outwards ndi
kulimbikitsa. Kuonedwa monga pulayimale mbali ya organic mosonyeza maselo,
dzenje, madzimadzi odzazidwa matuza, awo makoma thicken kuchokera kunja
inwards, kuti lumen ambiri ndi nthawi kwathunthu kusiyiratu. Zikuoneka ndi
zikupiringizikira mkati otani prominences, potsiriza partitions, amene kugawa maselo
ambirimbiri. The galasi Komano n'lakuti kuchokera olimba Urkristall mkati mwa
mowa, unakhuthala ndi njira kuchokera kunja, makutu, titero, kunja mu ngodya,
mfundo, m'mbali, koma popanda kusiya ake uyenerera; ndi m'malo chotenga maselo
atsopano hineinzuerzeugen pakokha kugwera mu izi, potero nthawizonse bubbly,
adzakhala m'malo mu nthawi yatsopano kuti einschachtelt yapita wotsatira galasi
milandu, ndi zina kukula yaying'ono lonse.
Zachilendo mmene mophweka kusiyanitsa maphunziro zolinga, monga ife
tikuzindikira pakati pa nyama ndi zomera lake ndi galasi, koma zingathe kusintha mu
zotsatira, chotero kukwaniritsa zonse pa khalidwe la kumodzi amasiyanitsa kuchita
zosiyana kwambiri madigiri chitukuko ndi Vuto. Yerekezerani kwambiri zovuta
zamoyo ndi nthawi mophweka wosatha makhiristo, ndi Organic kachiwiri ndi
choncho zosamvetsetseka nyama ndi osavuta monga zomera. Kukula mkati
Mwachidziwikire osiyana kwambiri, more achidule ndi pa nthawi yomweyo
kwaphindu kwambiri kwa moyo wauzimu khalidwe kuposa akunja.
A N'zoona kwambiri kungotengeka chiwembu, ndi ulemu yekha kwambiri ambiri
ndipo ambiri kungotengeka wa morphological zinthu, koma chidwi si wonse ndalama
ndi maganizo pambuyo zambiri waluso chalakwika motere.
The plump kudzikonda zili, nthawi zambiri elongated mawonekedwe a nyama
thupi akufanana, ankaona motsutsa chomera, mu kwambiri za ellipse, kumene mtima
ndi ubongo Tangoganizirani muma kuzungulira amene chirichonse chofunika moyo
wa nyama, mawonekedwe a mbewu Komano, pamaziko a awo iwiri ndi anyamata
m'mwamba ophunzira mu nthambi, masamba ndi maluwa, pansi ku mizu wailesi,
zambiri mafanizo okokomeza; ndipo timagwiritsa ntchito losavuta nkhani ya
pamwamba unbranched, mmodzi maluwa mwankhanza tsinde kotero duwa

lidzakhala chapamwamba Hyperbelhlfte kuti udachitikira wa moyo, ndi mapeto

mfundo za zomera olamulira, chilonda cha cholembera ndi nsonga ya taproot
lidzaloa m'malo foci ankaimira, amene oscillates pakati zonse moyo wa
mbewu; awiri mfundo imene maluwa oposa ndi muzu chimafikira downwards, ndi
pamwamba wa onse Hyperbelhlften; masamba potsiriza, kusanduka ake ambiri
yopingasa malangizo, malangizo a paliponse kuyenda mbali olamulira.
The wapakatikati ufumu pakati pa nyama ndi zomera, pakati ozungulira
akalumikidzidwa liniya akalumikidzidwa swaying, ndiye akuimira milandu kumene
ellipse ndi hyperbola kudzera kuposa china zosabvuta awo maikwezhoni (popanda
lopanda akanati) kupita ku mpira ndi liniya mitundu, zimene zingachitike mu njira
zingapo, zimapatsa protean chikhalidwe cha wapakatikati ufumu zokhudzana.
Monga amadziwika, ndi okokomeza wa ellipse n'lakuti pa mfundo yakuti
mukuganiza anapanga cholakwika mutu kukula mu malangizo; zimene zikugwirizana
ndi mfundo yakuti chomera akhoza anamvetsa mwa njira inayake monga ntchito
nyama. Komanso mungachite kutsika mbali ya zomera, kumene inu mukhoza
kuwona izo mu kwambiri ellipsoidal zipatso, duwa, ndi njira poyerekezera.
Izi chiwembu ayamba chidwi, ngati wina amalola izo gubuduzani mu
chophiphiritsa. Chiwerengero cha zotheka ellipses ali ndi malire, koma zimatsegula
fanizo, amene Koma ku mbali imodzi akadali imagwera nyama lonse finiteness a
mnzake ndi osawerengeka. Monga amadziwika mosonyeza ellipse inasanduka
parabola, pamene wina cholinga cha ellipse mu osawerengeka yoposa disengaged,
kapena zomwe akunena chinthu chomwecho, akuluakulu olamulira amatenga
yemweyo osawerengeka. Ngati tsopano kupyolera mu chigawo cha zosiyanasiyana
ellipses chigawo cha akadali watsankho kwambiri finitude nyama ankaimira, kodi
fanizo, monga chapamwamba malire a ellipses, chapamwamba malire a nyama,
anthu, zimene, ngakhale mbali ndithu komanso Animal mizu m'dziko lapansi, koma
chikuyamba kuchokera kutsidya lina motsutsa lakumwamba. N'zoona kuti si
kwenikweni ubongo wake, mogwirizana mfundo osawerengeka, koma zikhoza
maganizo amenewa, kumaphatikizapo zotengera malingaliridwe. Izi amapanga
chiwembu akumufunsira Lophiphiritsira.
Fanizo akanakhoza m'malo kuonedwa ngati malire a ellipses, monga malire a
hyperbolas; koma m'njira inanso. Mu kusintha kwa ellipse mu fanizo zikuoneka
bwino kwambiri amalire okhalapo wopandamalire ku mbali imodzi, nyama zipita
theka nyama, theka mngelo; mu kusintha kwa okokomeza mu fanizo Zinasintha, imfa
ya wopandamalire theka la awiri amaganiza wopandamalire pokhala mmodzi ndiye
amaganiza wopandamalire wokhalapo. Kenako, munthu basi komanso monga ngati
angaonedwe kuchokera kumwamba m'dziko lapansi, koma ndi imfa ya kumwamba
theka, anabzala mbewu kuchokera lapansi kumwamba righting nyama.
Kufanana kwa nyama ndi zomera ndi ellipse ndi hyperbola, kwambiri sayansi
chidwi kuposa yake pambuyo yapita ulaliki, kupambana ndi motere kuchepetsa kuti
mfundo za ambiri masamu kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe, amene ine
nkhani ndekha kuno ndi ochepa akupangira.
Mkuluyu mawonekedwe a kusiyana organic okhalapo (nyama ndi zomera) ndi

zochita kupanga chilengedwe (makhiristo) zachokera, mwachidule, akale okha ndi

yomwenso, chakumapeto ndi lathyathyathya kali. Zokhota akalumikidzidwa wa
zamoyo kudzera m'magulu onse a ozungulira mawonekedwe (pafupifupi zochokera
ku mbewu zina, zipatso, mazira ndi kutsikira nyama) kwa kwambiri zovuta kanjedza,
amene salinso angathe yeniyeni masamu mawerengedwe kapena chifaniziro mu
kachitidwe, amene akuvomereza kwenikweni ndi zonse Nature mitundu pa onse
oona, chifukwa ngakhale amaoneka ndi nkhope, mosamalitsa kulankhula okha
lathyathyathya kali. Ngati munthu kochepa monyanyira abstracted;amenewa opanda
pake atanyalanyazidwa. Komanso kuganizira kwambiri zovuta mitundu ya
chilengedwe kungakhale kotsimikizika masamu mfundo phindu pofunsa kumene
anapatsidwa chosavuta mitundu iwo ambiri tikuchita, zimene molondola mtima
zimathandiza nthawi zonse miyezo ndi anapezazo, z. B. akufunsa kuti mpira ndi
anapatsidwa anthu mutu kwambiri zofanana, kapena ngati inu mukufuna kupita
patsogolo, amene ellipsoid, kapena ngati munthu amene akufuna kupita ku mavuto
ngakhale apamwamba, imene thupi m'madera wachitatu kapena wachinayi
dongosolo. Komanso aliyense payekha mbali ndi pamalo amene agonjetse ambiri a
zinthu ngati zimenezi. Tsopano, malingana ndi lathyathyathya pamalo, kapena
pamalo a woyamba kuti, wachiwiri kuti pamalo, mwachitsanzo amene ku Salima
Thyolo Zomba kapena zolosera ndi conic zigawo, chophweka. Ndipo kotero
akanatero, ngati anafunsa, mtundu conic mawonekedwe a mbewu, ndi chikhalidwe
cha conic mawonekedwe a nyama (pakuti pafupifupi akuluakulu olamulira kapena
ziyerekezo pa awo kufanana ndege) ndi ambiri ofanana, bwino kwambiri chifukwa
zakale, ndi hyperbola, kupeza yotsirizira ya ellipse; Inde zikanakhala, mwamasamu
kulankhula, aliyense makamaka chomera ndipo aliyense makamaka nyama, akhoza
mwachindunji makamaka okokomeza ndi wapadera ellipse, ndipo ndi ofanana
kwambiri wachibale.
Ngakhale amenewa, woona chithunzi kuti akadali mpaka kalekale mtima, popanda
awo thukuta, nkomwe sayansi ndi pafupifupi zothandiza chifukwa
ankayembekezera. Koma ndikuona ulamuliro anapereka apa maganizo a masamu
kafukufuku
wakapangidwe
kazachilengedwe kwa gulu ndipo mwina ena ambiri
Contribuu a millorar
la traducci
onena analonjeza zothandiza, osachepera chidwi chifukwa amakhala ndi chosavuta
Seraya mitundu ya nyama ndi zomera, kapena mbali kumene chiyerekezo si
wosiyana kwambiri Zenizeni kudzachotsedwa, ntchito; imeneyi ndi kale osachepera
ulemu wa nyumba auger (kuphatikizapo ndi Naumann) zichitike bwino. Koma
Mosakayikira kulandira nkhani yaitali processing. Ndicho mbewu, zipatso ndi dzira
akalumikidzidwa ndikufuna, mwina chifukwa cha kuphweka, mwina chifukwa zili
lonse chomera kapena lonse nyama kale nuce oyenera chidwi.

Text original

XVI. Mitundu ndi fungo.

Mitundu ndi fungo la zomera ndi chinachake kwa ife okongola ndipo wokondeka,
chifukwa mbewu yokha kotero yapadera kuti zimene nthawi zina timalankhula za
mwina oyenera pambuyo pa zonse, mawu ochepa a mwapadera.
Taganizirani zomera kutali Lapansi, kodi izo kuonedwabe pa chikasu mchenga wa

m'chipululu, imvi thanthwe miyala, m'chipululu chisanu ndi ayezi minda. Choncho
anabala mtengo yozizira zikuwoneka chotero anabala mwaona dziko lonse. Zomera
ndi apo, yokhotakhota iye wobiriwira kavalidwe, amene kukondwera ndi diso
amakonda, atsitsimulidwe, zimene mungathe lokha wathanzi. Komanso tingapeze
madiresi makamaka ku chomera zinthu, iwo akongoletse ndi masamba nsalu, monga
amachita dziko lapansi; koma timavalira ndi akufa; dziko lapansi diresi anadzipanga
okha tikuyamba drapery atavala chakuya mitundu, diresi amene mauna yokhotakhota
lokha, mtundu wokha, adzikonzenso lokha, kwamuyaya mwatsopano, konse
okalamba kavalidwe; kungopereka timaganiza za kabvalidwe ake
disposals. Zachilendo ndithu kuti akufa wamoyo kavalidwe amakopa Koma ife
kuyika akufa Zojambulajambula Dress. Koma zimenezi si mwina peculiarity yemwe
ali mwa maganizo athu, osati mu chikhalidwe? Ndi dziko lapansi monga momwe
akufa pamene ife kuwasunga?
Ndithudi titha kukhulupirira kuti, pamene chilakolako ndi cholinga bodza, mitundu
zodzikongoletsera a dziko lapansi sizinali zosangalatsa ndi cholinga
adzapatsidwa. Only ife muzipereka zosangalatsa ndi cholinga sindikudziwa
kukhazikitsa chabe ulamuliro wa Mulungu pa chilengedwe, komanso chikhalidwe.
M'badwo wa mtundu sikudalira Mulimonsemo pa mbewu yekha; iwo mwina
chapadera moyo wake, koma ena kuposa mwa iye amakhala akuluakulu, more
ambiri, dziko lonse zomera kufika. Ndipo inunso mukhoza umasonyeza kuti izi
ambiri zifukwa, kunena dzuwa ndi iye amene amapita kudutsa mu mlengalenga,
zimene zikuoneka kuposa zitsamba zonse, amene matabwa burashi dziko lapansi
akutembenukira wobiriwira ndi zokongola; inde dzuwa imapezeka monga nkhonya
ya Mulungu, imbaenda awa cheza burashi, tsiku mmbuyo ndi mtsogolo kudzera
pamwamba amene ali kujambula; mpaka Lenz mu chete zikwapu, ndiye ndi chikhale
cholimba angapeze sitima. Ndipotu, tikudziwa kuti chirichonse greening zomera ndi
maluwa onse utoto ikuchitika kokha mwa kuwalimbikitsa ndi mchikakamizo cha
dzuwa, popanda lokha chinachake cha mankhwala kwa hergibt, monga pang'ono
monga burashi mtundu. Koma kumene makaka linachokera? Kwa mitundu ya
thambo nkhono; chifukwa timadziwa kuti mpweya amene kalata likuimira
kumwamba, zipangizo zofunika kuchokera ku zomera mitundu kusintha, osati dziko
lapansi. Zimenezi zimapereka chabe akhakula m'munsi, ngati chinsalu, kutero.
Ndicho kwenikweni mpweya woipa ndi mpweya wa mlengalenga, zimene nawo
m'badwo wa chomera mitundu; kuchokera mu nthaka koma pita makamaka mchere
zigawo zikuluzikulu mu chomera pa.
Mmene dzuwa mu utoto mbewu Choncho zotsatira za burashi mofanana kwambiri
kuti zachitika kwathunthu kwanuko. Ndipotu, anapulumutsidwa mbali ya kuwala
akhala woyera, pamene ena mbewu zobiriwira.
Mmodzi angadabwe chifukwa monga waukulu mtundu wa lapansi tsopano
wobiriwira, bwanji buluu, osati wofiira, osati chikasu, osati woyera? Chabwino,
buluu ali kale kumwamba, ndi golide ndi kale dzuwa, ndi wofiira kale magazi, ndi
oyera kale chisanu ndi chimodzi mphamvu, akusewera ndi mzake image,
amanenanso lagolide dzuwa ndi kumwamba kowala kokha kuchita pamodzi

kulalikira zobiriwira chomera mtundu ngati mwana wake, wofiira mu magazi ndi
wobiriwira mu madzi koma cholinga kuti azitha kuthandizana, ndi nthawi china
kumaliza monga nyama ndi zomera ufumu pambuyo kwambiri ubale; ndicho amene
akudziwa kuti ofiira ndi obiriwira ali ndi matanthauzo kwenikweni wachibale kuwala
enaake kuti akhoza yosakaniza mu woyera. Kodi organic moyo gepalten padziko
lapansi, ndi mphatso yakumwamba wakhala anagawa, amene ilo limakula ndi
bwino; ndi softer mbali ndi wofatsa mtundu, m'pamenenso yogwira wagwa ttigem.
N'zoona kuti akuyankha yapita funso ayi, koma chimafikira izo kupita: chifukwa
tsopano Zoonadi kufalitsidwa mu kachitidwe masoka nsalu?
Ndipo ine ndikunena kuti: pakuti palibe chifukwa mwina pansi kukhala wobiriwira,
chifukwa chake nankapakapa basi buluu, basi chingolopiyo chikasu, ndi Flamingo
chabe wofiira.Kuyenera pakati zina zakuthambo tsopano kupereka malo aakulu
wobiriwira; amene anatenga lapansi; N'chifukwa chabe izi, ndiye ndithu
mwachindunji. Other dziko matupi kwa mumtundu. Ngati munthu koma kwenikweni
lokha pabuka mtundu wa Mars unali kuyambika kwa wofiira zomera pa iye.
Bwalo la funso anawonjezera kachiwiri, anakankhira kumbuyo kunena, koma
aliyense moumiriza kubwerera kwa chilengezo koma lokha chidutswa cha
chenicheni. Koma sititha kuti osawerengeka.
Ayenera zobiriwira mtundu wa dziko lonse lapansi mwachisawawa? Koma
chifukwa ndiye begnne basi kumene zobiriwira za zomera ikutha, ulimi wa
kunyanja? Poyamba zonse zinali ngakhale yokutidwa ndi wonyong'onya wobiriwira
glaze mtundu wa nyanja. Koma dziko anakula ankafuna mtundu kumbuyo, izo
yokutidwa Mlengi ndi thupi mtundu wa mbewu dziko ndipo anatenganso wobiriwira,
ndipo ngakhale misanje ya dziko m'ngalande ya madzi glacier wobiriwira kachiwiri
yafupika. Choncho nyanja ngati dziko wobiriwira, chakumayambiriro kwa mapeto a
madzi wobiriwira. Izi zikuoneka ndiye zinali popanda ofanana kwambiri wobiriwira
khungu la dziko lapansi, komanso kwa kwambiri buluu malaya.Pa chikhalidwe
adzakhalanso mogwirizana mitundu, kusintha anasamukira ku Little. Mitambo ya
kumwamba si buluu, aliyense kuposa nyama zakutchire wobiriwira; koma iwo monga
chonchi kuthamanga yekha payekha ndi mpweya kapena pa dziko.
Tiyeni tipitirire lililonse la munthu mabwenzi a mtundu zomera ndi chomera,
kotero nthawizonse akhala zodabwitsa kuti ulimi monga ambiri therere ake, monga
pali chosowa maluwa, ngakhale popanda yekha ku mbali zonse ziwiri. The
ukufalikira ndi mtundu wobiriwira mitundu ambiri alibe koyera wobiriwira, koma
wauve lachikasu zobiriwira kapena imvi wonyezimira, ndipo ambiri looneka
wobiriwira maluwa, monga banja la udzu, ndi zambiri osati onse wobiriwira
wachikuda monga colorless maluwa tsitsi. Koyera Green akuchitira chosowa
kwambiri mu maluwa pamaso (Schbler).
Kwa mbiri, kodi ena ofiira ndi mabanga; ambiri chikasu achinyamata ambiri ziri
zofiira kapena wachikasu mu wilting.
Pali ngakhale lonse zomera amene sali mbali ya wobiriwira, ndi awa, N'zodabwitsa
onse parasitic zomera, mwachitsanzo zomera kuti mizu pa zomera zina; kotero

Orobanche, Lathraea mitundu Cytineen, Cassytha- ndi Cascuta zamtundu rekodi

kotentha ndi leafless maluwa (Decandolle).
Kusiyana kwa zamasamba ndi osiyana wachikuda maluwa ndi kuwafotokozera
kusiyana mu mwagwirizana mawu a moyo. The sanali wobiriwira maluwa kuwameza
mpweya ndi exhale mpweya woipa ku moyo wofanana, kumene masamba obiriwira
einschlrfen mpweya woipa ndi exhale mpweya kwa mpweya.
Mofananamo, chikhalidwe wasonyeza m'menemo Omvera kuti koyera wakuda
zimachokeradi maluwa, ngakhale anasonyeza mdima mawanga pa maluwa kuti
mwina kukusungani kuti Black koyamba, pa kufufuza mosamalitsa kapena
makamaka mtundu mitundu kuwala.
Decandolle akunena apa mu f. Physiol. II, p 726. "The wakuda zikuoneka kuti
palibe mtundu, yomwe kumene kukhala maluwa, koma maluwa imene Black
limagwira, kawirikawiri poyamba yellow maluwa, amene ali mu mdima Brown
pochitika. Sichanzeru zikuoneka osachepera pakati pa linada mbali ya maluwa
a Pelargonium galu Curtis ndi Vicia Faba L.kuchitika (yotakata nyemba).
N'chimodzimodzinso ndi anthu Brown kapena wakuda maluwa amene mtundu
kwambiri mdima wofiira, pamene ife z. B. pa Orchis nigra onse.mwawona. "
The womasulira Rper comments:
The zikuoneka wakuda mawanga mu corolla wa Vicia faba L. alidi kwambiri
woderapo, monga zimasonyeza bwinobwino ntchito maikulosikopu. .. The
mwakuwoneka tsitsi lakuda pa Bltenhllschuppen ndi Protea Lepidocarpon R.
Brown. Kupezeka, kusewera pa mkulu magnification ndi kuwapereka kuwala, mdima
wofiirira, enaake buluu. Iwo ali osokonezeka pang'ono ndi chikasu tsitsi ndi okutidwa
ndi chikasu tsitsi. "
Ena amanena kuti ngakhale zoyera pamene maluwa vorkomme wangwiro
wakuda; ndi whitest maluwa okha, pamene iwo amaona pa akuda pepala, komabe
anampereka ndi mitundu mu racking Mosiyana (onani Decandolle, Physiol II
723 ...); koma ndikuona kuti limatchula zotengera malingaliridwe wowonjezera
mitundu (amene ali tikuyamba ena maso kuposa ena) izi zimabweretsa chinyengo. Pa
wamng'ono, woyera maluwa, ndiwo kwa ine basi pa nthawi ino alipo pa lamulo,
kupeza chitsimikiziro kuti mfundo.
Ngati kale anagawa woyera kuwala pakati pa nyama ndi zomera kuti nyama thupi,
wofiira, zomera thupi zobiriwira chinapatsidwa, titha kuona mmene ulimi mu
chomera ufumu unagawanika kachiwiri ndi mu therere koma ogwirizana kusiyana a
chikasu ndipo buluu mu pachimake popanda amapezeka. Mofananamo, ndicho,
monga mwa anthu kusiyana tsitsi ndi loderapo tsitsi, khungu ndi diso mtundu
apambana, chimene iwo ali. Choncho kulankhula, magulu airi koma, akubwerera
pakati maluwa ndi analogous kusiyana yellow wabuluu maluwa mitundu
kachiwiri Dziwani izi:
Schbler ndi Frank zasonyeza mwapadera lonena kuti munthu kugawa maluwa
awiri lalikulu mizere, anthu yellow monga maziko a mtundu (oxidized kapena
xanthische zino), ndi anthu amene buluu ndi maziko (deoxygenated kapena zyanische

zino). Maluwa, a yoyamba ija, zingasiyane mwa chikasu, ofiira ndi oyera, koma osati
buluu, mogwirizana ndi mtundu kapena mitundu; Maluwa, a Mzere wachiwiri
Komabe, mwa buluu, ofiira ndi oyera, koma osati chikasu, chotero akanema nalo
ofiira ndi oyera, koma buluu ndi wachikasu linatha.
Choncho palibe buluu nkhadze, aloe, maluwa, ranunculus, tulips,
Mesembryanthemen, dahlias, etc., koma wachikasu, ofiira ndi oyera; iwo ali
woyamba, Xanthian nkhani; Komano palibe yellow bellflowers (Campanulen),
geraniums, phlox, Anagallis, asters, etc., koma buluu, ofiira ndi oyera; awa
zyanischen zino. Kwa lamulo limeneli, ngakhale ena kuchotserapo udzachitike; .
Koma Chitsanzo chifukwa pakati pa anthu a zyanischen mndandanda hyacinths ena
yellow mitundu; koma kuchotserapo n'zochepa.
The genera zomera zimene wa Xanthian mndandanda ambiri savutika amakonda
kupanga acidic zipangizo kuposa genera a zyanischen zino, Komano si infrequently
kusiyana ndi achilendo, pa thupi zambiri amphamvu, lakuthwa, zowawa ndi chomwa
mankhwalawa zinthu ali. Ngakhale wina aone ausnahmsfreie ulamuliro m'bukuli.
Pa awaking chaka, ambiri maluwa ndi oyera, achikasu kumapeto kwa chaka. Zili
ngati kuti pali chisanu yozizira, apa dzuwa chilimwe wachichita ndi aftereffect.
Tsatanetsatane wa maphunziro pa wachibale kufalitsa maluwa mitundu (German
Flora) pakati osiyana miyezi chaka, Fritsch mu m. Abhandl. pa nyengo. Kuwonekera
kwa masamba ufumu mu Abhandl. Bhm. Gesellsch. ndi Wiss. 1847, p 74, bwino.
The ife tsopano Middle budding ulemu wa mitundu zomera anakhudza moyo
zochitika, kotero Mtengowo chifukwa chosowa maso ndithu chimodzimodzi monga
ife kuchita, kapena kuona kukongola kwa awo mtundu kapena a anthu ena. Chifukwa
kaya ndi chidwi ngakhale kuwala nzothandiza, koma herkommende m'madera
osiyanasiyana ku chipinda mtundu kuwala akusakanizana kumva mfundo iliyonse
ake padziko ndi kuchita khungu monga ambiri ngongole. Koma tiyenera Choncho
timaona zawo anataya kukongola kwa maluwa?Ndithudi ayi; iye Umapeza omwe ndi
mnzake mbali ndi Umapeza otetezeka pano kuposa zomwe tingathe nazo
izo; N'zoona aliyense zomwe anazilenga yekha, okongola ndi watanthauzo
limapezeka pa nthawi ya chilengedwe, monga wina, umene ndiye analamula; Mwina
onse zikuoneka mofanana Sinthani Mwamakonda Anu izo. Ndipotu, m'badwo wa
mtundu zimadalira kwambiri ndi mphamvu ya moyo wa mbewu ndondomeko
limodzi, amene chakuti kunja kuwala, koma kokha kupyolera zathu anachita mfundo
imeneyi, mtundu.Inde, sitingathe kulumbira kuti chomera zimatikumbutsa awo
wobiriwira ndi wofiira ndi wabuluu m'kati kupanga komanso mzungu zotengeka,
pamene ife mu kunja yodziiratu zinthu pasadakhale; zambiri zonena izo; koma
Komano kumathandiza kanthu kuganiza zofanana. Ngati munthu amene ali ndi
chilichonse, zimene zimachitika pa dziko lapansi, monga waukulu mphindi
kusonyeza pazokha sizisonyeza zikuluzikulu za zamatsenga moyo wa mbewu mwa
mawu? Ndithudi Mulimonsemo, zomera ku ulimi wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana monga
osiyana zomverera, pamene ife pa pamaso pace; kuyambira m'badwo uliwonse
mtundu kugwirizana ndi osiyanasiyana mkati kusintha izo.
M'njira, monga zipatso za masamba mitundu zokolola wathu m'maganizo

angayerekezedwe. Chomera, amene anganene, kuwala amasintha mu wosangalatsa

mitundu. The kuwala imagwera loyera kapena mwanjira akuda pa chomera; amaona
zochita zake mu njira iliyonse; koma si kuti kachiwiri, monga amalandira
izo; M'malo mwake, zinangothandizira chidwi ndi kudzikonda kulenga ntchito yake,
kuti mtundu ndi kwaiye, ndipo ntchitoyi tsopano limodzi ndi yamphamvu kudziona
chilengedwe. Choncho m'maganizo ayenera Ngakhale kwenikweni kuno kuchokera
kunja dziko; komanso basi kuti potero okondwa mkati kudziona analenga, amene
Ndione Analandira mwa mawonekedwe osiyana ndi kumverera wodzilamulira
ntchito za mkati.
Komanso, ngakhale woyera maluwa, komabe zikuoneka retroreflect chabe
anasintha kuwala sichichita ankangokhala motsutsana poyera; monga m'malo a
whiteness wa maluwa amadziwikanso zochokera ntchito njira, imene maluwa ukoma
kuwala okha kuchuluka chidzalo ndi ungwiro zimasonyeza mmene anthu
m'maganizo, mikhalidwe imene anauziridwa, oyera ndi okongola
zobwezerezedwanso akutenga zojambulajambula kotero fortiori athe kubweretsa
chidzalo cha momveka bwino. Duwa amapanga okha lokha kuti uyu
zojambulajambula. Kumene ife tikanakhoza kusunga whiteness cha kuunika mokulira
yokongola kuposa woyera maluwa ndi zina maluwa oyera?
Nyama ndi anthu Amaipitsanso Sukuluyi padziko, popanda izo ife tikhoza
kuganiza za, izi utoto wa njira ndi mavuto ofanana ndi tanthauzo monga pa
mbewu. Koma tingathe kupeza pakati pa njira mtundu wa zomera ndi nyama abwera,
chimodzimodzi kusiyana m'malo pakati pa kukula kwa onse (onani mkuyu. VIII.),
Choncho mukhoza zosiyana tanthauzo mutu wake ndi wakuti komanso basi zimene
ine kachiwiri eingehe pano wapadera Mabaibulo.
Kuphunzira za zomera mitundu zokhudza thupi ndi mankhwala mfundo m.
Kupatula mu mabuku a chomera Maphunziro Akakhalidwe Kazolengedwa mu
Fechner Repertor. ndi org.Zimapangidwira. II, p. 832; M'chigamulo posachedwapa
Abhandl. Von Mohl, Pieper, Marquart, Hope, Berzelius, Decaisne, Elsner, Turpin,
Morren, Hnefeld mu Wiegm. Chipilala. 1835. II. 186. 1836. II. 85. 1837 II. 35.
1838. II. 32. 1839. II. 80. 1840. II. 91
Tsopano ena mwa fungo:
Fungo la maluwa amaoneka kusewera awo mitundu kokha munthu wamng'ono
udindo, chifukwa ngakhale onse maluwa ali amphatso ndi izo. Ndipo ngati izo ziri
zoona zomwe ife umanena kale kuti kununkhira kwa maluwa makamaka ali ndi
mtima kubweretsa za kutulutsidwa kwa malingaliro kapena zachibadwa Mitgefhlen
pakati osiyana zomera; izi zikhoza anafotokoza bwino. Mtundu m'badwo mu mbewu
chikugwirizana ndi kukula kwa moyo wake njira; koma iyi ndi kumene zofunika ndi
ofunika monga interplay ndi miyoyo.
Ngakhale pakati nyama pali chikhalidwe ndi moyo kopanda moyo. Kununkhiza
zomera kuimira ife kale kuti chakumapeto si kununkhiza. Ndipo ngati mbewu monga
mwa chikhalidwe cha zochepa moyo bwalo ndi chakuti jenda kale ogwirizana
aliyense yekha, maganizo asanadziwane ndi anzawo lonse ngakhale zochepa
kufunika kuposa chinyama.

Chinyama lenilenilo limatiphunzitsa kuti fungo kwenikweni kutumikira pa

chibadwidwe maganizo zoyendera, ndicho makamaka analogi nthawi ya uchembere
ndondomeko. Izi nthawi zonse n'kofunika kuti kutanthauzira. Koma izi magalimoto
ikuchitika nyama lonse zokhudza kwambiri ndi mawu. Ndipo popeza ambiri osiyana
ubwenzi, wina anganene kuti: kununkhira amakhala zomera pa ofanana tanthauzo
monga nyama, mawu. The aone kuti pali mfundo kumeneko mehrerlei.
M'kati mwa mawu amachokera mkati pakubwera kununkhiza, ndi onse nthawi
imodzi abwino ndi otetezeka khalidwe chifukwa kuti zimene iwo anabwera. Monga
mmene taonera ngakhale mu mdima munthu aliyense adakali kamvekedwe ka mawu,
kotero mu mdima uliwonse maluwa, inde yense zosiyanasiyana maluwa kuti
kununkhira. Onse mbali, zikuoneka zophweka palokha, koma zimasiyana kwambiri
osiyanasiyana zina zabwino ndipo motero tisonyezeni ambiri zina zabwino kwambiri
za gulu mavuto awo apamwamba, entwickeltstes mankhwala iwo ali. Aliyense
zimbalangondo anali moyo wa kwenikweni kumene izo zifika, pa mapiko ake
kumeneko.
Mosakayikira izo zikanakhala basi zimadalira olfactory limba ndithu zabwino
mawonekedwe kusiyanitsa osati aliyense zosiyanasiyana, komanso aliyense wa
huwakinto kapena pinki komabe Chrixitu ndi fungo. Yathu kununkhiza ndi mbali
osati kuchita pankhaniyi, ena mumafanana choncho sipakhala mwachibadwa, monga
duwa mwina chifukwa ife sindiwerengera kukhala pafupi ndi zimenezi
kusiyana. Chimasiyanitsa komanso negroes bwino physiognomically anzake anzawo
amene akuyembekezera kwa ife tonse pafupi zofanana.
M'munsi nyama, amene alibe zambiri, nyongolotsi, ndi tizilombo, ali chete lonse,
ndipo wonyozeka zomera, bowa, lichens, odorless. Pamene akubweretsa tizilombo
kwapadera phokoso kunja, koma ndi akunja otsukira ndikupha tizilombo twang,
pobowola; phokoso musati zituluka mkati, ndi zina mwapadera onunkhira ena bowa,
lichens, koma fungo sichibwera maluwa.
Monga mawu a sanali kugonjetsedwa anamva ngakhale zolengedwa amene anthu,
koma ndi njira ya cholengedwa ndi zochitika zina Posakhalitsa tsiku, nthawi zina
zambiri madzulo, theka yaitali usiku, nthawizina mokweza, nthawi zina softer ambiri
m'dziko lonse n'cholinga nthawi ya kubereka ndondomeko, chirichonse mogwirizana
ndi fungo la zomera; ndipo izi zikuchitikadi bwino kuti maluwa fungo sali chabe
losavuta asungunulidwa umakaniko ndi dzuwa kutentha kwa madzi maluwa, ngati
maluwa ang'onoang'ono alembic ofunika mafuta;koma kuti maluwa makamaka
kuyang'ana kunja ndi mkati zofuna miyoyo yawo amenewa kukhala.
Ngati kutentha kwa m'munsi mwa kupulumuka kwa fungo, ifenso onse maluwa
ambiri tsiku fungo ndi kutopa madzulo. Tsopano n'zoona kuti mlomo maluwa ndi
Cistrosen, mchisu ndi lalanje baka dzaimba la kum'mwera kwa Ulaya kwambiri ndi
fungo, unakhala wotentha ndi; koma pali ena maluwa kuti nkomwe fungo tsiku ndi
kuyamba fungo yekha madzulo monga Nightingale anaimba mwa madzulo songs,
ndipo pafupifupi munthu wosakwatira maluwa uko, fungo yekha ndi tsiku. Inde
zambiri zikuoneka kutentha kwakukulu kwa dzua kuchepetsa chizolowezi kwa
fungo kwambiri ngati nyama kutentha ndi tulo (Decand. II p. 764), zomwe si kupewa

njira, kukhulupirira kuti kuchita zinthu zothandiza pokonzekera kununkhira

chitukuko madzulo ndikanathera.
Makamaka onse maluwa ndi kulira mitundu amenewa. Pelargonium
triste W. Aiton, Hesperis tristis L., Gladiolus tristis L. etc. tsiku lonse pafupifupi
mwathunthu odorless ndi fungo dzuwa litalowa ndi ambrosial kununkhira. Mu
mbewu zina fungo masana ndi lofooka ndipo madzulo kwambiri, monga Datura
suaveolens Willd. (Datura arborea Miller), Oenothera suaveolens Desf., Genista
juncea L., etc. maluwa Cereus grandiflorus Miller (nkhadze
grandiflorus L.) Idzayamba pa 7 koloko madzulo kutsegula ndipo umayamba imodzi
kufalitsa fungo labwino. Senebier Narcissus maluwa ndikufuna kuti ophunzira
kwambiri mdima, amene mmene ena yenda momyata (?); Koma mmodzi
mwa Cacalia septentrionalis ananena kuti dzua maluwa elicit onunkhira fungo kuti
Mwamsanga pamene wina amasunga yemweyo, ndipo anatchulidwanso ngati inu
kuchotsa mdima thupi. Pa lalanje duwa fungo ndi pang'ono kusinthidwa pa maluwa
nyengo kumatenga uninterruptedly. Coronilla glauca fungo yekha masana, ndipo
ngakhale cestrum diurnum fungo usiku zambiri ofooka. Ambiri maluwa, fungo
anasintha pambuyo umuna. (Decand., Physiol. 11, S. 763. 768 ndi Wiegm. Chipilala.
1840 n. 90.)
Chakuti waukulu zoyendera chikukhudzana ndi apansi m'lingaliro monga ndi
nyama pa mbewu mwina tchimolo, komanso, kuti lonse chomera pa apansi
kwenikweni msinkhu ndi pamene nyama, moti lonse sensibility omwewo koma
mlingo wokwera akuthamanga monga nyama; woona pamodzi, ndi fungo kulangiza
izi kusinthidwa malo. Tikuona kuti ngakhale anasamutsidwa a ntchito ndi nthawi
zambiri kale mkati mwa nyama. Mbalame dzanja ndi mu mlomo wake, ndi angapo
nyama kuti mpweya agwiritsa ntchito chida ndi mwendo, etc. Komanso ali ndithu,
monga taonera, fungo koma tsankho-kale chimodzimodzi ntchito mu nyama monga
zomera, mwa kwambiri wamng'ono digiri.
Munthu angathe kununkhira ngati mitundu akadali enclose ena ntchito kukopa
agulugufe ndi tizilombo tina ndi maluwa (onani p.219) .; ziribe kanthu kupeza muli
yapita otsutsana.Zachilengedwe akuyang'ana kulikonse kuti angapo nthawi imodzi pa
limodzi
Contribuunkhonya.
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Text original

XVII. Pitilizani.
1) Mawu oyambirira chikhalidwe-amaonera anthu, komanso khalidwe ndi
zokongoletsa kwambiri zimene zimapangitsa ife zomera mwachindunji, amalankhula
kwambiri moyo wa zomera, monga kwa ife kulamulira, zochokera anaika ziphunzitso
ambiri amaganiza motsutsana yemweyo (11 V .).
2) The zomera ndi koma basi aakulu a moyo wake akadali ndi ife ndi nyama
zolondola kwambiri kotero ife ndithudi lonse dissimilar kuposa nyama, mawu amene
ife, ngakhale pa kusiyana kwakukulu mu mtundu wa makanema ojambula pakati pa
iwo ndi ife koma si woyenera kuti chofunika kusiyana kwa makanema ojambula ndi

Nichtbeseelung kutseka lokha (II.). Zambiri, banja amathandizana ndi mbali

ankakhulupirira kuti maganizo moyo wa mbewu amadzaza mipata amene analola
anthu ndi nyama (onani. Pambuyo. Chapter).
3) kuti zomera alibe misempha kapena ofanana ziwalo zina kwa kumverera amene
nyama, akutsimikizira kanthu koma kuona, chifukwa iwonso osiyana, kodi nyama
mitsempha makamaka gearteter ziwalo zofunika, popanda misempha ndi ofanana
mabungwe mwa mawonekedwe osiyana kugula katundu; konse koma mapeto kuti
makamaka mawonekedwe a nyama misempha ndi mphamvu ndi zoyenera zotengeka,
pa untenable ziweto yochokera (III. khumi ndi chinayi.).
4) Dziko lonse teleological view zachilengedwe likukhalira Chofunika kwambiri
pamene wina amamangirira mbewu moyo, ngati iye akana iwo ndi wambirimbiri
zinthu ndi malo m'chilengedwe Nkhata potero kukakambirana ndi wodzala okhutira
kutanthauza kuti mwinamwake akufa ndi ulesi kuoneka kapena ili yopanda gimmick
(IV. XI.).
5) Kuti chomera ufumu akutumikira zolinga za anthu ndi nyama, koma sangathe
motsutsa izo Dzichinjilizeni malekezero mwa iwo okha, monga chikhalidwe,
kutumikira ena ndi zofuna zawo osati atakwatirana, Chikuonetseranso nyama
komanso zolinga za zomera ufumu kutumikira ali ngati mosemphanitsa (X. XL).
6) Ngati zomera zikuoneka kuti anaika woipa chamoyo okhalapo, mwa kupirira
zambiri zolakwa za anthu ndi nyama, popanda kutha kudziteteza kwa adani, kotero
izi zikuwoneka koma monga zoipa, ngati tiyika tokha wathu anthu amazionera,
kwambiri osiyana Komabe, tikaganizira zomera za mwini wake wa mumtima
kugwirizana. Komanso ife imeneyi usilikali kwambiri kulemera kuposa iye
amayenera kulandira (VI.).
7) Ngati ananena kuti zomera alibe miyoyo, chifukwa alibe ufulu ndi kufuna
kayendedwe, kotero limodzi amalipira mwina osati pa mfundo, amene angalole ufulu
mu chomera koma zindikirani mu zinthu zosiyana monga nyama, kapena chofunika
ndi chomera chinachake inu sindikupeza nyama, komanso nyama mwina mungathe a
ufulu weniweni kufunsa (VII.).
8) Ngati mbewu ufumu ndi nyama malire mungafike ufumu pamodzi kumene
kusiyanitsa ziwiri osokoneza, koma uli ndi ambiri opanda zomera kuposa nyama
zimenezi wapakatikati kumwamba, mungathe mbewu ufumu kwa nyama osati chabe
wamng'ono kuposa zosapindulitsa; chifukwa m'malo ku wapakatikati pano ndi
apamwamba zomera anayamba kachiwiri.Izi ndi chakuti chomera ufumu ndi nyama
mu mbiri ya chilengedwe kukhala ndi tsiku chiyambi, zikuonetsa kuti sadzapulumuka
mwamtheradi wamng'ono kwa linanso pankhani kudzoza (XII).
9) inu muphonye zizindikiro za centralization, yolumikiza unit kapena kudzikonda
mawu a chomera chamoyo ngati chikhalidwe kapena mawu osonyeza kugwirizana
ndi payekha wa moyo, ife kuona kuti ufulu mfundo, kapena amafuna zinthu zomera
zimene zili nyama simungakhoze kupeza (XIII.).
10) Zikuoneka
kuti maganizo moyo wa zomera, mwangwiro kugonana zinthu
Text
original
zambirimbiri kuposa wa nyama zomwe, ngakhale kuti pokambirana ndi kuchita
berhaupt aber der Schlu, da die besondere Form der
tierischen Nerven und Sinnesorgane zur Empfindung ntig sei,
auf unhaltbaren Grnden beruht (III. XIV.).
Contribuu a millorar la traducci

manyazi, koma KUIWALA zakale ndiponso moyang'ana m'tsogolo za m'tsogolo, pa

zomera mwina kupulumuka ndi kukhalapo kukacha, popanda Komabe, kupita mu
Allgemeinbeseelung. M'malo, koma kupatula olemera m'lingaliro moyo wa zomera
kuposa adzakhala nyama, mwina kwambiri anayamba (khumi ndi chinayi.).

XVIII. A ochepa Zongotigwera Maganizo.

Nditamaliza ntchito, ine ndikufuna kukhala pansi pamaso pa chitseko ndi pang'ono
macheza kuchokera kwa ena.
Gar bwino Ndimakumbukirabe kuganiza izo anapanga pa ine pamene ine kwa
nthawi yoyamba kuchokera mu chipinda cha mdima popanda blindfolded mu
ukufalikira munda ataukitsidwa zaka zingapo diso matenda amene poyamba ine
pamaso okongola Human Komanso, aliyense maluwa inawala kwa ine yachilendo
momveka, ngati kuponya chinachake zake kuwala kubwalo kuwala. The lonse munda
ankaoneka ndekha ngati anasandulika, ngati ine sindiri, koma Chikhalidwe
adzabadwanso; Kotero ine ndinaganiza, choncho amangonena za kutsegula maso
mwatsopano kulola atakalamba chikhalidwe kukhala wamng'ono. Inde
simudzakhulupirira mmene latsopano ndi tikuyamba chikhalidwe amachitikira amene
ngakhale 'amachitikira atsopano August
Fanizo la munda limodzi kubwerera ku mdima chipinda; koma izo zinali mu
madzulo yekha yowala ndi yokongola, ndipo ndinaona mwakamodzi mkati kuwala
monga gwero la kunja momveka bwino kuti maluwa kuona, ndi mitundu kuti
muwonekere maganizo bwanji zimene yekha anawonekera mu kunja. Pa nthawi
imeneyo ndinalamula mosakayikira kuti ine kuona mmodzi wa moyo amayatsa
maluwa, ndipo mkati mwa whimsical rapturous maganizo: momwe izo zikuwoneka
m'munda kuti chinapangitsa matabwa mu dziko, ndipo dziko lonse lapansi ndi zonse
thupi la dziko lapansi yekha chomaliza mpanda ichi munda kwa akadali waima panja.
Tangoganizani kamphindi kuti anali ndi theka yaitali usiku pa North Pole ntchito,
ndi mu Pomalizira unalili, ngati mtengo, duwa zikuwoneka ngati, monga nthawizonse
bwinja chisanu ndi icefields ndinawona, ndipo mwadzidzidzi mu sunlit kwa ofatsa
kuwala ukufalikira munda kuchepetsa ndi uyima za momwe ine, woyamba kutsogolo
kwa mzere wa mkulu dahlias, inu sadzayenda iwo kuwala bwino ndipo akuganiza
kuseri kwa miyala yamtengo wapatali, uyu ulemerero, chimwemwe akhale chabe
wamba Bast ndi madzi?
Kuti chinazimiririka yowala image, monga zambiri zotere wanga wamkati
ndiponso wakunja diso anachita izo koyamba ndi mtundu wa yamvumbi, amene
salinso kugwa mu abgeftumpften tsiku ndi tsiku paufulu wa kuwala
m'lingaliro; zomera anali, ngati diso langa anazolowera kachiwiri kwa wamba,
padziko lapansi, tanthauzo, kanthu zolengedwa kuti zinthu zonse mpaka mu kulota
maganizo a madzi kakombo, duwa moyo mwatsopano moyo anayambitsa ndekha ndi
ine za malonda ena anachenjeza kuti ndinakumana tsopano.Ndithudi koma Thumb za
nthawi yoyamba anali kumeneko; ndipo chotero, ine ndikuganiza izi m'buku
zalembedwa zovuta, ngati tsiku limodzi ataikidwa diso langa mu usiku ndi ndiye
mwadzidzidzi anabwerera ku kuwala.

Tsopano Ndili ndi zambiri maola zimene zinandisangalatsa kwambiri ochepa

yowala manoti maganizo, nzeru komanso iwo bwino ndi mtima wina Kufikika, ndi
ena oganiza wopanda khama ndalama ine ngati ine ndikufuna kuchita izi. Kodi
kwambiri chinali chifukwa chakuti popanda ndipo kuphatikiza kachiwiri. Ndipo
ndinali anatengedwa mizimu ya maluwa, anayamba tsopano kwa ine kumvetsa, ndipo
mundirole ine si muchisiye, kukhonda ine wishers kusunga zambiri china kupita mu
utumiki wawo; ndipo lero pamene ine anawomba nsalu ndi chingwe chabwazi, iwo
anapachika ine ndodo yokulungako ulusi, ndinapeza latsopano mawa mu
malingaliro. Choncho ulusi tsopano nthawi yaitali.
Koma tsopano ndine wokondwa kuti atakulungidwa mapeto padziko spindle, ndi
zikwatu yekha potsiriza ochepa magulu pa Zinkakhalanso mu panja, ndi mdima ndi
kuunika mitundu, monga izo basi anapereka tsiku, kuopsa ndi muzikhala chonsecho
ntchito chizindikiro.
Ndinafika lero ku maliro for: A mlaliki anaima pa manda pa phiri mwatsopano
zakale lapansi ndipo anayankhula za chigamulo (I. Akor 15, 36-37.) "Izo ufesa si
anafulumizitsidwa, kosakhala kufa: Ndipo. wafesa si thupi kuti adzakhala, koma
mbewu chabe, kapena ya tirigu kapena winayo. " Awiri yaitali makhwatha a
kanjedza, kuchotsedwa bokosi, atatsamira mkati mwa chipongwe mipikisanoyo
kumanda, analiza wobiriwira mbendera pamwamba wakuda mipiringidzo
komanso; zambiri maluwa nkhata, amenenso kale anakongoletsa bokosi, m'khosi
mipiringidzo. Wokamba kutamandidwa mokweza makhalidwe abwino a
wakufayo; Komabe ndege njuchi pa nkhata pozungulira, mikanda, koma mokwiya
ikulira, akuyang'ana pa onse maluwa, salinso kupeza zimene anali
kufunafuna; chifukwa magwero a kununkhira ndi kukoma anaphwetsa; koma
gulugufe anaponya yekha, kusaganizira Kuuma magwero ake akale zosangalatsa, pa
churchyard khoma ku mtunda. Pa nkhata, ndinaona atapachikidwa kumunyengerera
mwatsopano madontho, ndipo mu mphindi zochepa imatuluka youma bwino
ankakonda apo ndi apa posachedwa; ndiye lopuwala maluwa ndi kukumbukira. A
kulira msondodzi chithunzi pa oyandikana manda, koma mizu yake ongokhala chinali
inamuluma mu mwatsopano manda; tiyenera amaoneka latsopano ndi sikuti
ndikumvetseni chisoni chabe. A woyera bolodi, chilonda wobiriwira Ivy, dzina lake
ndi amuna a anthu amene anasonkhana apa kuti makolo awo. Kotero mbewu dziko
chikondwerero ndi manda a munthu.
Izo zinachitika kwa ine pamene ine ndinayang'ana pa kuchuluka chikomokere
ikuimira koma amagwira muno mu sadziwa anthu; ndiyeno, monga wamba, kuti
pokhala munthu kufa zomera amatenga zochepa kwambiri mtima, chifukwa kukhala
kwambiri ndi imfa yake. Pitani komanso chipatso cha therere rosemary ndi mandimu
ndi ku manda; koma motere ambiri obiriwira korona mtsikanayo ku manda
ndi; Ayenela koma aliyense kufa mtengo monga thupi lake ndi thupi la anthu ndi
kuwola ndinso izo. Tsopano tikudziwa mbewu koma palibe zimene iwo mittut apa
ndi kuvutika ndi imfa ya munthu imatengedwa ngati munthu sadziwa kapena akufuna
kuti adziwe, kuti abwere ndi zomera zomera miyoyo kuno mu sewero
kumeneko. Inde sikusokoneza zonse moyo ndi imfa ya anthu ndi zomera allwrts
chisokonezo, koma ndikudziwa ndi moni miyoyo ya onse maufumu si monga anthu

okhala mmodzi yemweyo mzinda waukulu, zikuunjikana zinasokoneza ndi

kulowerera, popanda mtundu lero ndi moni. Sikuti chisoni splintered chilengedwe
moyo pano? Inde chisoni ngati mmene ife kuti pali ife zambiri. Koma ine
ndikuganiza apamwamba kudziwa adzakupatsani bwino, maganizo a anthu ndi
zomera ndi onse miyoyo tsogolo mu ubale wina ndi mzake kuti wekha
ubwenzi. Zinthu ngati zimenezi, kudzakhala osati mochuluka momwe nthambi za
mitengo ya kanjedza, nkhata, malua, mitengo, njuchi, agulugufe kunja kusaganizira
bokosi ndi manda, koma ngati mizimu ya kanjedza, zimene nthambi, ndi maluwa kuti
kupita ndi manda, ndi kusaganizira mitengo kuti aimirire mozungulira manda, ndi
maluwa kuti kukula mmbuyo pa manda, ndi njuchi ndi agulugufe kuti kuuluka apo
ndi pa malua kwa munthu ake kunyumba pachimake. Ndipo ngati izi
sakuyembekezera okhalapo mwambowu zikuoneka pa vourite, adzakhululukidwa
kwa iye analamula poona maso ndi maso. Koma tikuwona piecemeal chirichonse
monga kupyola mu kalilole mwamdima, ndipo ngati wophiphiritsa chowala
imagwera mu moyo wathu, tikutanthauza tsopano, iye panjira miyoyo yathu.
Pena paliponse ngakhale kuimba maluwa, zomera ali ndi udindo mu imfa ya anthu
monga ife. Wilde anthu aphe m'malo maluwa, zomera, kani mahatchi, nkhosa, agalu
pa manda kapena nsembe m'manda. Koma pali ngati akunama. Chimodzi chachikulu
mayiyo seemly kuti kuyenda popanda mwana kunadza wa kudziko lina. Choncho
alinso mbuye wa dziko lapansi, moyo wa munthu, osati kuyenda popanda retinue ena
m'munsi miyoyo mu Ufumu wa kumwamba. Tsopano iye amatenga pano nyama,
kumeneko ambabzala miyoyo. Koma chifukwa nafe basi ambabzala miyoyo? Kodi
pa izo, kuti Christianity, ngakhale kwa paradaiso munda yoposa akutchulidwa, koma
osati a nyama izo? Tsopano munthu aliyense moyo ayeneranso awo zopereka maluwa
miyoyo. Nyama, si kuchita. Only gulugufe ayenera kuuluka chabe, ndikanafuna duwa
miyoyo china kumeneko m'munda ngakhale kwambiri kopanda; ndipo thambo
akuyenera kukhala kumwamba kwa iwo.
Pakati pa Agiriki chinali chosiyana pang'ono apa kuposa kunyumba. Popeza thupi
ndi thupi moyo nachobe wotukuka kwambiri kwa iwo chifukwa komanso anayala
thupi la munthu ngati maluwa pamwamba pa nkhuni, ndi mtengo ndi Thupi
palimodzi mu moto malawi zimapikukira m'mwamba kuti adakhala wa
milungu. Nafe, kumene kuona moyo ndi nthambi palokha zake, mulinso thupi ngati
akufa nyongolotsi mu akufa nkhuni kudyetsa zina zam'mimba, ndi kuwaika okha
kunja maluwa pa bokosi ndi manda. Choncho anapita ku moyo kupita ku imfa mu
kwambiri wokoma ndi Agiriki kwa koposa wathu. Koma kwambiri wokoma thupi
Komabe, mwina yokulirapo umboni pa ife nthawi wokongola likuyandikira
Izi zinandikumbutsa wokongola phwando la akufa, amene chikondwerero chaka
chilichonse Leipzig mu Johannis. Monga munthu amene ali munthu akugona mu
manda akupita, chimene iye akuganiza m'chikondi, kubwerera ku manda ake
nkhata; ndipo amene alibe ankuze, amapita kuona nkhata ndi garlands
malekezero. Popeza chirichonse chiri pa mwinamwake anasiya arable zokongola ndi
wochangamuka ndiponso limalimbikitsa losokonezeka ndi amabwera akupita,
chakuya anthu a unamwino. Only madzulo ndi kachiwiri ali chete ndi chopanda
pake; kukhalabe yekha nkhata kufota ndi ofunitsitsa akumbukire.

Kodi kwambiri wokongola garlands ndi nkhata Tingaone kumeneko. Monga pa

mpira amoyo ndikukhumba kuti apambane mu Schmucke, kotero kuyesa izo tsopano
m'manda. Koma kwambiri maluwa okongola ndi nkhata akukuwerengerani
posachedwa; amene angathe kukumbukira munthu? Only losavuta clover Blmchen
ine sindingakhoze kuyiwala kuti tinakumana pa wobiriwira manda kopanda kunama
pambuyo ambiri kwambiri chokongoletsedwa manda. The moyo Ndithudi osiyana
ndi ena kuti wodzichepetsa maluwa anali malo ake pakati pa anthu olemera
ulemerero.
Ine sindimakonda kutseka ndi manda maganizo, ndipo ndikukumbukira tsopano
ngati izo, monga zomera sikuti kulandira chimtolo, komanso osangalala Begegnissen
anthu dziko mochuluka mbali ndi monga munthu yekha kukhala nawo kwambiri a
wokhutira. Ngati mulibe kunena, chonsecho chomera ufumu omangika mozungulira
ngati wokongola arabesque ndi pakati pa anthu ufumu? Munthuyo yomera ndi ukulu
wake ndi mikanjo makamaka luso chipangizo ngati theka thupi lake kuchokera pansi
pa mbewu dziko; ndipo kuchokera pamwamba kukula pontho kwa maluwa ndi
Magulu a Pasanapite kupanga dzanja, chilakolako pakamwa. Ndipo pamwamba pa
zonse izi zoyandama okongola kwambiri kununkhira ndakatulo anagona.
Kumene kuli cikondwelelo kuti si anamanga maluwa kumene ndakatulo, amene iye
si anabwereka mafano kumene mphatso amene phindu iwo vermchten osati pokuza
ndi chokongoletsera? Mchisu kumabweretsa wreath azikongoletsa
mkwatibwi; maluwa ochokera mwa aliyense munda kugona pa mapazi ake; zitseko
entwine lokha ndi zokongola Blumenbehngen, tiyeni iwo pochitika; ukwati Zowawa
prides lokha ndi maluwa m'manja mwake; kuyembekezera gulu ku maluwa; ndi
madzulo pa kuvina monga ena maluwa pa chifuwa ndi tsitsi. - The mlombwa
anakwanitsa yabwino ulemu, amaiwala ine-akutikumbutsa
timakumbukira; Snowdrops amakopa ana kwa nthawi yoyamba mu nkhalango
zobiriwira;yoyamba Aster anati tsopano m'dzinja akubwera; Linde chimakwirira
wobiriwira denga pa tebulo patsogolo pa nyumba; ndi Oak limati Germany ngakhale
m'dziko lachilendo monga anzawo countryman. The Oil wataya awo cones ndi
akubwera ndi golide maapulo ndi magetsi koma mmene kukongola mphatso mu
holo. Choncho iwonso tsopano oyera Khristu okongola kwambiri okongola
kwambiri, opambana yabwino, osauka kubweretsa kwambiri.
Onse chomera koma iye kudzichepetsa kukhala yake chikumbutso kuti ndi
kutentha kwa Mulungu ndi pamaso pa Mulungu kuti ufulu wake ali gululo ndi
chiyani muyenera okha mayanjano.

Text original

Der ganze Garten schien mir selber wie verklrt, als wenn nicht
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