THE NATIONAL LIST OF THREATENED PHILIPPINE PLANTS AND THEIR CATEGORIES,

AND THE LIST OF OTHER WILDLIFE SPECIES

Definition of Terms.
1.

Common name refers to the adopted name of a species as is widely used in the
country; may be based on English or other foreign name, or Tagalog name, or when
no local or vernacular name is available is derived from the meaning of its scientific
name;

2.

Critically Endangered Species refers to a species or subspecies facing extremely

high risk of extinction in the wild in the immediate future. This shall include varieties,
formae or other infraspecific categories;

3.

Endangered Species - refers to a species or subspecies that is not critically

endangered but whose survival in the wild is unlikely if the causal factors continue
operating. This shall include varieties, formae or other infraspecific categories;

4.

Other Threatened Species refers to a species or subspecies that is not critically

endangered, endangered nor vulnerable but is under threat from adverse factors,
such as over collection, throughout its range and is likely to move to the vulnerable
category in the near future. This shall include varieties, formae or other infraspecific
categories;

5.

Other Wildlife Species refers to non-threatened species of plants that have the
tendency to become threatened due to destruction of habitat or other similar causes
as may be listed by the Secretary upon the recommendation of the National Wildlife
Management Committee. This shall include varieties, formae or other infraspecific
categories;

6.

Threatened Species is a general term to denote species or subspecies that is

considered as critically endangered, endangered, vulnerable or other accepted
categories of wildlife whose populations are at risk of extinction. This shall include
varieties, formae or other infraspecific categories;

7.

Wildlife means wild forms and varieties of flora and fauna, in all developmental
stages, including those which are in captivity or are being bred or propagated.

List of Threatened Species of Plants and their Categories

Catergory A. Critically Endangered Species

FAMILY

SCIENTIFIC NAME

COMMON NAME

APOCYNACEAE

Kibatalia longifolia Merr.

Malapasnit

CYATHEACEAE

Cyathea microchlamys Holtt.

Tree Fern

DIPTEROCARPACEAE

Hopea acuminata Merr.

Hopea basilanica Foxw.
Hopea brachyptera (Foxw.) Slooten
Hopea cagayanensis (Foxw.) Slooten
Hopea foxworthyi Elmer
Hopea malibato Foxw.
Hopea mindanensis Foxw.
Hopea philippinensis Dyer
Hopea quisumbingiana Gutierrez
Hopea samarensis Gutierrez
Shorea astylosa Foxw.
Shorea malibato Foxw.
Vatica elliptica Foxw.
Vatica pachyphylla Merr.

DRYOPTERIDACEAE

Ctenitis paleolata Copel.

EBENACEAE

Diospyros blancoi A DC.

Diospyros brideliifolia Elmer
Diospyros cauliflora Blume
Diospyros poncei Merr.

Kamagong/mabolo
Malinoag
Apunan
Ponce kamagong

ERICACEAE

Rhododendron javanicum (Blume) Benn. var.

schadenbergii (Warb.) Sleum.
Rhododendron kochii Stein
Rhododendron taxifolium Merr.

Malagos
Koch's malagos
Yew-leafed rhododendron

EUPHORBIACEAE

Reutealis trisperma (Blanco) Airy Shaw

Baguilumbang

HYPERICACEAE

Hypericum pulogense Merr.

Pulag St. Johnswort

ISOETACEAE

Isoetes philippinensis Merr. & Perry

Philippine Quillwort; Rogiro;

Kabauingbauing

LAURACEAE

Cinnamomum cebuense Kosterm.

Cebu kalingag

LEGUMINOSAE

Pterocarpus indicus Willd. forma indicus

Pterocarpus indicus Willd. forma echinatus (Pers.) Rojo

Smooth narra
Prickly narra

LORANTHACEAE

Thaumasianthes amplifolia (Merr.) Danser

Samar mistletoe

MELIACEAE

Aglaia pyriformis Merr.

Toona calantas Merr. & Rolfe

Kanining-peneras
Kalantas

MYRTACEAE

Syzygium nitidum Benth.

Tristaniopsis decorticata (Merr.) Peter G. Wilson &
Waterhouse
Xanthostemon bracteatus Merr.
Xanthostemon philippinensis Merr.

Maka-asim

NEPENTHACEAE

Nepenthes argentii M Jebb & M Cheek

Nepenthes merrilliana Macfarlane
Nepenthes sibuyanensis J Nerz

Argent Pitcher plant

Mindanao giant Pitcher plant
Sibuyan Pitcher plant

OLEACEAE

Chionanthus clementis (Quisumb. & Merr.) Kiew

Kayantol

Manggachapui/Dalingdingan
Basilan yakal
Mindanao narek
Narek
Dalindingan
Yakal-kaliot
Yakal-magasusu
Gisok-gisok
Quisuimbing gisok
Samar gisok
Yakal
Yakal-malibato
Kaladis narig
Thick-leafed Narig

Malabayabas
Mapilig
Bagoadlau

Chionanthus remotinervius (Merr.) Kiew

Olea palawanensis Kiew

Pamoplasin
Palawan olive

ORCHIDACEAE

Amesiella monticola J. Cootes & DP Banks

Ascoglossum calopterum (Reichb. f.) Schlecter
Ceratocentron fesseli Senghas
Dendrobium schuetzei Rolfe
Euanthe sanderiana (Reichb. f.) Schltr.
Gastrochilus calceolaris (Buch.- Ham. ex J.E. Sm.) D.Don
Paphiopedilum acmodontum Schoser ex MW Wood
Paphiopedilum adductum Asher
Paphiopedilum anitum Golamco
Paphiopedilum argus (Reichb.f.) Stein
Paphiopedilum fowliei Birk
Paphiopedilum haynaldianum (Reichb.f.) Stein
Paphiopedilum hennisianum (MW Wood) Fowlie
Paphiopedilum randii Fowlie
Paphiopedilum urbanianum Fowlie
Paphiopedilum usitanum O Gruss & J Roeth
Phalaenopsis micholitzii Rolfe
Phragmorchis teretifolia LO Williams
Vanda lamellata Lindl. var. calayan Valmayor & D. Tiu

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Waling-waling
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Lady slipper
Lady slipper
Lady slipper
Lady slipper
Lady slipper
Lady slipper
Lady slipper
Lady slipper
Lady slipper
Lady slipper
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PALMAE

Areca parens Becc.

Calamus batanensis (Becc.) Baja-Lapis
Calamus jenningsianus Becc.
Calamus vinosus Becc.
Daemonorops affinis Becc.
Daemonorops oligolepis Becc.
Daemonorops pannosus Becc.
Heterospathe califrons Fernando
Heterospathe dransfieldii Fernando
Heterospathe scitula Fernando
Heterospathe sibuyanensis Becc.
Heterospathe trispatha Fernando
Pinanga batanensis Becc.
Pinanga bicolana Fernando
Pinanga samarana Becc.
Pinanga sclerophylla Becc.
Pinanga sibuyanensis Becc.
Plectocomia elmeri Becc.

Takobtob
Valit

PERANEMACEAE

Peranema cyatheoides D. Don var. luzonicum (Copel.)

Ching & S. H. Wu

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Bag-bag
Rogman
Sabilog
Yanisi
Dransfield sanakti
Malasanakti
Bilis
Tatlong bilisan
Dapiau
Bicol abiki
Samar abiki
Abiking-tigas
Tibagan
Ugang
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POLYPODIACEAE

Platycerium coronarium (Koenig ex Miller) Desv.

Platycerium grande (Fee) Kunze
Podosorus angustatus Holtt.

Staghorn fern
Giant staghorn fern

PTERIDACEAE

Pteris calocarpa (Copel.) M. G. Price

Pteris pachysora (Copel.) M. G. Price

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RAFFLESIACEAE

Rafflesia manillana Teschem.

Rafflesia speciosa Barcelona & Fernando

Malaboo
Uruy

Rafflesia schadenbergiana Gppert ex Hieron.

Bo-o

RUBIACEAE

Greeniopsis pubescens Merr.

Villaria acutifolia (Elmer) Merr.

Paluay mabolo
Tango

RUTACEAE

Swinglea glutinosa (Blanco) Merr.

Kabuyok

SAPINDACEAE

Gongrospermum philippinense Radlk.

Guioa palawanica Welzen
Guioa parvifoliola Merr.
Guioa reticulata Radlk.

Kasau-kasau
Palawan alahan
Angset
Alahan-sinima

THELYPTERIDACEAE

Coryphopteris borealis Holtt.

VERBENACEAE

Clerodendrum quadriloculare (Blanco) Merr.

Tectona philippinensis Benth. & Hook. f.

Bagauak-morado
Philippine teak

CATEGORY B. Endangered Species

FAMILY NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

COMMON NAME

ANACARDIACEAE

Mangifera odorata Griff.

Huani

APOCYNACEAE

Kibatalia puberula Merr.

Kibatalia stenopetala Merr.

Paslit-mabolo
Paslit-kitid

ARACEAE

Alocasia sanderiana W. Bull.

ARALIACEAE

Schefflera agamae Merr.

Schefflera albido-bracteata Elmer
Schefflera curranii Merr.
Schefflera palawanensis Merr.

Agama galamay-amo
Makinging
Curran galamay-amo
Palawan galamay-amo

ASCLEPIADACEAE

Hoya alagensis Kloppenburg

Hoya angustisepala Burton
Hoya burtoniae Kloppenburg
Hoya crasssicaulis (Elmer) Kloppenburg
Hoya el-nidicus Kloppenburg
Hoya gigantanganensis Kloppenburg
Hoya greenii Kloppenburg
Hoya halconensis Kloppenburg
Hoya heuschkeliana Kloppenburg
Hoya panchoi Kloppenburg
Hoya pulgarensis Elmer
Hoya quinquinervia Warb.
Hoya quisumbingii Kloppenburg
Hoya rizaliana Kloppenburg
Hoya wayetii Kloppenburg

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CENTROLEPIDACEAE

Centrolepis philippinensis Merr.

COMBRETACEAE

Terminalia darlingii Merr.

Malaputat

CYATHEACEAE

Cyathea acuminata Copel.

Cyathea apoensis Copel.
Cyathea atropurpurea Copel.
Cyathea binuangensis Alderw.
Cyathea callosa Christ
Cyathea caudata (J. Sm.) Copel.
Cyathea christii Copel.
Cyathea cinerea Copel.
Cyathea curranii Copel.
Cyathea edanoi Copel.
Cyathea ferruginea Christ
Cyathea fuliginosa (Christ) Copel.
Cyathea halconensis Christ
Cyathea heterochlamydea Copel.
Cyathea integra J. Sm. ex Hook.
Cyathea masapilidensis Copel.
Cyathea negrosiana Christ

Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern

CYCADACEAE

Cycas curranii (Schuste.) K.D. Hill

Cycas edentata de Laubenf.
Cycas riuminiana Port ex Regel
Cycas silvestris K.D. Hill
Cycas wadei Merr.

Curran pitogo
Pitogong dagat
Pitogo
Palawan pitogo
Culion pitogo

DIPTEROCARPACEAE

Anisoptera costata Korth.

Dipterocarpus eurynchus Miq.
Dipterocarpus philippinensis Foxw.
Hopea plagata (Blanco) Vidal
Shorea ovata Dyer ex Brandis

Mindanao palosapis
Basilan apitong
Hairy-leafed apitong
Yakal saplungan
Tiaong

DRYOPTERIDACEAE

Dryopteris chrysocoma (Christ) Chr.

Dryopteris permagna M. G. Price

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EBENACEAE

Diospyros longiciliata Merr.

Diospyros philippinensis A. DC
Diospyros pilosanthera Blanco
Diospyros pyrrhocarpa Miq.

Itom-itom
O-oi
Bolong-eta
Anang

ERICACEAE

Rhododendron subsessile Rendle

Ausip

FABRONIACEAE

Merrilliobryum fabronioides Broth.

GESNERIACEAE

Agamyla bilirana Hilliard & BL Burtt

Biliran lipstick plant

GRAMINEAE

Danthonia oreoboloides (F Muell.) Stapf

Pulag carpet grass

LAURACEAE

Cinnamomum oroi Quisumb.

Cryptocarya palawanensis Merr.
Litsea leytensis Merr.

Oro kalingag
Paren
Batikuling

LEGUMINOSAE

Afzelia rhomboidea (Blanco) Vidal

Intsia bijuga (Colebr.) Kuntze

Tindalo
Ipil

Kingiodendron alternifolium (Elmer) Merr. & Rolfe

Koompassia excelsa (Becc.) Taub.
Sindora supa Merr.
Strongylodon macrobotrys A Gray
Sympetalandra densiflora (Elmer) Steen.
Wallaceodendron celebicum Koord.

Batete
Mangis
Supa
Jade Vine/Tayabak
Kamatog
Banuyo

LEJEUNEACEAE

Drepanolejeunea bakeri Herzog

LYCOPODIACEAE

Lycopodium halconense Copel.

Lycopodium magnusianum Herter
Lycopodium phlegmaria L.
Lycopodium salvinioides (Herter) Tagawa
Lycopodium squarrosum G. Forst.

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MELASTOMATACEAE

Astrocalyx calycina (Vidal) Merr.

Beccarianthus ickisii Merr.
Beccarianthus pulcherrimus (Merr.) Maxw.
Medinilla banahaensis Elmer
Medinilla calelanensis Elmer
Medinilla clementis Merr.
Medinilla compressicaulis Merr.
Medinilla coronata Regalado
Medinilla magnifica Lindl.
Medinilla palawanensis Regalado
Medinilla pendula Merr.
Medinilla stenobotrys Merr.
Medinilla surigaoensis Regalado
Medinilla tayabensis Merr.

Tanghau
Ickis tungau
Malintungau
Kalambog-lambog
Tiualos tatana
Gubangbang
Salanakad
Pagirang
Kapa-kapa
Palawan medinilla
Baladu
Lalanug
Eastern Mindanao medinilla
Mt. Binuang medinilla

MELIACEAE

Walsura monophylla Merr.

Bukalau

MYRISTICACEAE

Knema ridsdaleana de Wilde

Myristica colinridsdalei de Wilde

Ridsdale tambalau
Ridsdale duguan

MYRTACEAE

Tristaniopsis littoralis (Merr.) Peter G. Wilson & Waterhouse

Xanthostemon fruticosus Peter G. Wilson & Co

Xanthostemon speciosus Merr.
Xanthostemon verdugonianus Naves

Taba
Sierra Madre mangkono
Palawan mangkono
Mangkono

NEPENTHACEAE

Nepenthes bellii Kondo

Nepenthes burkei Masters
Nepenthes deaniana Macfarlane
Nepenthes globamphora Sh Kurata & Toyoshima
Nepenthes petiolata Danser
Nepenthes philippinensis Macfarlane
Nepenthes truncata Macfarlane
Nepenthes ventricosa Blanco

Kondo Pitcher plant

Burke Pitcher plant
Macfarlane Pitcher plant
Globamphora Pitcher plant
Pitcher plant
Pitcher plant
Pitcher plant
Pitcher plant

OPHIOGLOSSACEAE

Ophioglossum pendulum L.

Adder's tongue

ORCHIDACEAE

Aerides lawrenciae Reichb. f.

Amesiella philippinensis (Ames) Garay
Bulbophyllum stramineum Ames

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Bulbophyllum whitfordii Rolfe

Coelogyne palawanense Ames
Corybas laceratus Williams
Corybas merrillii (Ames) Ames
Corybas ramosianus J. Dransf.
Cymbidium aliciae Quisumb.
Cymbidium gonzalesii Quisumb.
Dendrobium lunatum Lindl.
Paphiopedilum ciliolare (Reichb. f.) Stein
Phalaenopsis fasciata Reichb. f.
Phalaenopsis gertrudeae Quisumb.
Phalaenopsis hieroglyphica (Reichb. f.) Sweet
Phalaenopsis intermedia Lindl.
Phalaenopsis leucorrhoda Reichb. f.
Phalaenopsis lindenii Loher
Phalaenopsis lueddemanniana Reichb. f.
Phalaenopsis pallens (Lindl.) Reichb. f.
Phalaenopsis portei Reichb.f.
Phalaenopsis pulchra (Reichb. f.) Sweet
Phalaenopsis reichenbachiana Reichb. f. & Sander
Phalaenopsis sanderiana Reichb. f.
Phalaenopsis schilleriana Reichb. f.
Phalaenopsis schiller-stuartiana Rolfe
Phalaenopsis stuartiana Reichb. f.
Phalaenopsis veitchiana Reichb. f.
Phalaenopsis virataii Quisumb.
Vanda javierae Tiu ex Fessel & Leukel
Vanda scandens Holltum
Vanda luzonica Loher ex Rolfe
Vanda merrilli Ames & Quisumb.
Vandopsis davisii Ames & Quisumb.
Vandopsis kupperiana Kraenzl.
Vandopsis leytensis Ames

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PALMAE

Adonidia merrillii (Becc.) Becc.

Areca camarinensis Becc.
Calamus balerensis Fernando
Heterospathe brevicaulis Fernando
Oncosperma platyphyllum Becc.
Pinanga glaucifolia Fernando
Pinanga sobolifera Fernando
Salacca clemensiana Becc.

Manila Palm
Mono
Malatandurang parang
Marighoi-baba
Anibong
Abiking-puti
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Lakaubi

PODOCARPACEAE

Podocarpus costalis C. Presl

Podocarpus lophatus de Laubenf.
Podocarpus palawanensis de Laubenf. & Silba
Podocarpus rotundus de Laubenf.

Igem-dagat
Igem-pugot
Palawan igem
Igem-bilogan

POLYPODIACEAE

Lecanopteris deparioides (Cesati) Baker

Lecanopteris lomarioides (Mett.) Copel.
Lecanopteris luzonensis Hennip.

Mahabac
Ant fern
Ant fern

PTERIDACEAE

Pteris endoneura M. G. Price

ROSACEAE

Prunus pulgarensis (Elmer) Kalkm.

Prunus rubiginosa (Elmer) Kalkm.

Gupit
Bakad pula

RUBIACEAE

Boholia nematostylis Merr.

Mussaenda philippinensis Merr.

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SAPINDACEAE

Cubilia cubili (Blanco) Adelb.

Dimocarpus longan Lour. ssp. & var. malesianus Leenh.
Dimocarpus longan Lour. ssp. malesianus Leenh. var.
echinatus Leenh.
Gloeocarpus patentivalvis (Radlk.) Radlk.
Guioa acuminata Radlk.
Guioa discolor Radlk.
Guioa myriadenia Radlk.
Guioa truncata Radlk.
Litchi chinensis Sonn. ssp. philippinensis (Radlk.) Leenh.

Kubili
Alupag lalaki

SAPOTACEAE

Ganua monticola (Merr.) H.J. Lam

Ganua obovatifolia (Merr.) Assem
Madhuca betis (Blanco) McBride
Madhuca oblongifolia (Merr.) Merr.

Betis-bundok
Pianga
Betis
Malabetis

SELAGINELLACEAE

Selaginella atimonanensis B. C. Tan & Jermy

Selaginella pricei B. C. Tan & Jermy

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SIMAROUBACEAE

Eurycoma longifolia Jack ssp. eglandulosa (Merr.) Noot.

Linatog

TECTARIACEAE

Heterogonium wenzelii (Copel.) Holtt.

Tectaridium macleanii Copel.

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THELYPTERIDACEAE

Chingia urens Holtt.

VERBENACEAE

Vitex parviflora Juss.

Molave/Molawin

WOODSIACEAE

Diplazium egenolfioides M. G. Price

ZINGIBERACEAE

Hedychium philippinense K. Schum.

Dainsuli

Alupag amo
Tamaho
Pasi
Alahan-puti
Ulas
Uyos
Alupag

CATEGORY C. Vulnerable Species

FAMILY NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

COMMON NAME

ACTINIDIACEAE

Saurauia bontocensis Merr.

Dagwey

ADIANTACEAE

Adiantum cupreum Copel.

Adiantum mindanaense Copel.
Adiantum scabripes Copel.
Doryopteris cuspidata Copel.

Coppery maidenhair fern

Mindanao maidenhair fern
Rough maidenhair fern
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ALANGIACEAE

Alangium longiflorum Merr.

Malatapay

ANACARDIACEAE

Dracontomelon dao (Blanco) Merr. & Rolfe

Dracontomelon edule (Blanco) Skeels

Dao
Lamio

Koordersiodendron pinnatum (Blanco) Merr.

Mangifera altissima Blanco
Mangifera merrillii Mukherji
Mangifera monandra Merr.
Semecarpus paucinervius Merr.

Amugis
Pahutan
Pahong-liitan
Malapaho
Ligas-ilanan

ANNONACEAE

Dasymaschalon scandens Elmer

Mitrephora caudata Merr.
Mitrephora fragrans Merr.
Mitrephora lanotan (Blanco) Merr.
Orophea creaghii (Ridley) Leonarda & Kessler
Orophea cumingiana Vidal
Polyalthia elmeri Merr.
Polyalthia palawanensis Merr.

Kalabuyo
Lanutan-buntolan
Lanutan-banguhan
Lanotan
Tabingalang
Mapatak
Bangar
Palawan-lanutan

APOCYNACEAE

Kibatalia elmeri Woodson

Kibatalia merrilliana Woodson
Tabernaemontana cordata Merr.

Elmer pasnit
Merrill pasnit
Sakang-manok

AQUIFOLIACEAE

Ilex palawanica Loesen. ex Elmer

Palawan kalasan

ARACEAE

Alocasia micholitziana Sander

Alocasia zebrine Schott ex van Houtte

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Badiang

ARALIACEAE

Arthrophyllum pulgarense Elmer

Higin

ARAUCARIACEAE

Agathis celebica (Koord.) Ward

Agathis philippinensis Warb.

Palawan almaciga
Almaciga

ASCLEPIADACEAE

Hoya paziae Kloppenburg

Quisumbingia merrillii (Schltr.) Merr.

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ASPLENIACEAE

Asplenium nidus L.
Asplenium vittaeforme Cav.

Pugad-lawin
Dahu

BEGONIACEAE

Begonia oxysperma A. DC.

BIGNONIACEAE

Radermachera coriacea Merr.

BLECHNACEAE

Blechnum fraseri (A. Cunn.) Luerss.

CELASTRACEAE

Glyptopetalum palawanense Merr.

Palawan surag

COMBRETACEAE

Terminalia macrantha Merr. & Quisumb. ex Rojo

Terminalia surigaensis Merr.

Bongoran
Dalinsoi

CYATHEACEAE

Cyathea contaminans (Wall.) Copel.

Cyathea elmeri (Copel.) Copel
Cyathea latipinnula Copel.
Cyathea oblique Copel.
Cyathea philippinensis Baker
Cyathea robinsonii Copel.
Cyathea rufopannosa Christ
Cyathea setulosa Copel.

Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern

Cyathea sibuyanensis Copel.

Cyathea zamboangana Copel.
Dicksonia mollis Holtt.

Tree Fern
Tree Fern
Tree Fern

DILLENIACEAE

Dillenia reifferscheidia Villar

Katmon-kalabau

DIPTERIDACEAE

Dipteris lobbiana (Blume) Moore

DIPTEROCARPACEAE

Dipterocarpus gracilis Blume

Dipterocarpus hasseltii Blume
Dipterocarpus kunstleri King
Shorea almon Foxw.
Shorea contorta Vidal
Shorea falciferoides Foxw. ssp. falciferoides
Shorea negrosensis Foxw.
Shorea polysperma (Blanco) Merr.
Shorea seminis (de Vriese) Slooten
Vatica mangachapoi Blanco ssp. mangachapoi
Vatica mangachapoi Blanco ssp. obtusifolia (Elmer)
Ashton
Vatica maritima Slooten

Panao
Hasselt's Panao
Broad-leafed apitong
Almon
White lauan
Yakal-yamban
Red lauan
Tanguile
Mala-Yakal
Narig

EBENACEAE

Diospyros curranii Merr.

Diospyros ferrea (Willd.) Bakh. var. buxifolia (Rottb.) Bakh.
Diospyros mindanaensis Merr.

Malagaitmon
Bantulinaw
Ata-ata

EUPHORBIACEAE

Balakata luzonica (Vidal) Esser

Securinega flexuosa Muell.-Arg.

Balakat-gubat
Anislag

FAGACEAE

Lithocarpus apoensis (Elmer) Rehd.

Lithocarpus jordanae Laguna

Apo oak
Katiluk

GESNERIACEAE

Aeschynanthus cuernosensis Schltr.

Aeschynanthus curvicalyx Mendum
Aeschynanthus elmeri Mendum
Aeschynanthus firmus Kraenzl.
Aeschynanthus littoralis Schltr.
Aeschynanthus madulidii Mendum
Aeschynanthus miniaceus BL Burtt & PJB Woods
Aeschynanthus nervosus Schltr.
Aeschynanthus ovatus Schltr.
Aeschynanthus pergracilis Kraenzl.
Aeschynanthus truncatus Schltr.
Agamyla biflora (Elmer) Hilliard & BL Burtt.
Agamyla calelanensis (Elmer) Hilliard & BL Burtt
Agamyla glabra (Merr.) Hilliard & BL Burtt
Agamyla montistomasi Hilliard & BL Burtt
Agamyla parvilimba Hilliard & BL Burtt
Agamyla persimilis Hilliard & BL Burtt
Agamyla rotundiloba Hilliard & BL Burtt
Agamyla samarica Hilliard & BL Burtt
Agamyla sibuyanensis Hilliard & BL Burtt
Agamyla urdanentensis (Elmer) Hilliard & BL Burtt

Cuernos lipstick plant

Cleopatra's lipstick plant
Elmer's lipstick plant
Lanao lipstick plant
Davao lipstick plant
Madulid's lipstick plant
Pamingkauan
Chila
Round-leafed lipstick plant
Slender lipstick plant
Truncate lipstick plant
Twin-flowered lipstick plant
Tasik-sa-lomot
Smooth lipstick plant
Benguet lipstick plant
Leyte lipstick plant
Agusan lipstick plant
Round-lobed lipstick plant
Samar lipstick plant
Sibuyan lipstick plant
Balibadon

Palawan narig
Narig laot

10

GUTTIFERAE

Calophyllum laticostatum PF Stevens

Thick-veined bitanghol

HAMAMELIDACEAE

Embolanthera spicata Merr.

Paningit

LAURACEAE

Cinnamomum mercadoi Vidal

Cryptocarya ampla Merr.

Kalingag
Bagarilau

LEGUMINOSAE

Cynometra inaequifolia A. Gray

Pericopsis mooniana Thwaites
Sindora inermis Merr.
Strongylodon elmeri Merr.

Dila-dila
Makapilit
Kayugalo
Bindanugan

LYCOPODIACEAE

Lycopodium carinatum Desv.

MELASTOMATACEAE

Medinilla dolichophylla Merr.

Gunang

MELIACEAE

Aglaia angustifolia Miq.

Aglaia cumingiana Turcz.
Aglaia edulis (Roxb). Wall
Aglaia rimosa (Blanco) Merr.
Aglaia smithii Koord.
Aglaia tenuicaulis Hiern
Aphanamis polystachya (Wall.) RN Parker
Dyxosylum angustifolium (Merr.) Harms
Dyxosylum oppositifolium F. Muell.

Kaniuing kitid
Alauihau
Malasaging
Balubar
Batukanag
Oksa
Kangko
Tarublang
Kayatau

MORACEAE

Artocarpus rubrovenius Warb.

Artocarpus treculianus Elmer

Kalulot
Pakak

MYRISTICACEAE

Horsfieldia samarensis de Wilde

Samar yabnob

OPHIOGLOSSACEAE

Botrychium daucifolium Wall.

Botrychium lanuginosum Wall.

Grape fern
Grape fern

ORCHIDACEAE

Aerides leeana Reichb. f.

Dendrobium sanderae Rolfe
Epigeneium treacherianum Reichb. f. ex Hook. f.) Summerhayes

_
_
_

PALMAE

Areca hutchinsoniana Becc.

Areca ipot Becc.
Areca macrocarpa Becc.
Corypha microclada Becc.
Livistona robinsoniana Becc.

Pisa
Bungang-ipot
Bungang lakihan
Biliran buri
Kayabing

PANDANACEAE

Sararanga philippinensis Merr.

Bagaas (Panay), Abasanay (Waray)

POLYPODIACEAE

Aglaomorpha acuminata (Willd.) Hovenkamp

Aglaomorpha cornucopia (Copel.) Roos
Aglaomorpha heraclea (Kunze) Copel.
Aglaomorpha meyeniana (Hook.) Schott
Aglaomorpha pilosa (Hook. & Bauer) Copel.
Aglaomorpha splendens (Hook. & Bauer) Copel.
Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J. Sm.

Libagod
_
Saraukong
_
_
_
Pakpak-lawin

11

Goniophlebium terrestre Copel.

Microsorum punctatum (L.) Copel.
Microsorum sarawakense (Baker) Ching
Microsorum scolopendria (Burm. f.) Copel.
Pyrrosia splendens (C. Presl) Ching

Barauwai
_
Barawetku
Turko

PSILOTACEAE

Psilotum complanatum Sw.

Psilotum nudum (L.) Beauv.
Tmesipteris lanceolata Dang

Flat whisk fern

Whisk fern
_

PTERIDACEAE

Taenitis cordatum (Gaud.) Holtt.

RUBIACEAE

Antherostele banahaensis (Elmer) Bremek.

Antherostele callophylla Bremek.
Antherostele grandistipula (Merr.) Bremek.
Antherostele luzoniensis (Merr.) Bremek.
Badusa palawanensis Ridsd.
Mussaenda acuminatissima Merr.
Mussaenda attenuifolia Elmer
Mussaenda chlorantha Merr.
Mussaenda setosa Merr.
Myrmephytum beccarii Elmer
Myrmecodia tuberosa Jack
Villaria fasciculiflora Quisumb. & Merr.

_
_
_
_
Palawan palak
Katudai
Bungag
_
Sigidago
Sibuyan ant plant
Burebid
Otto

RUTACEAE

Zanthoxylum integrifoliolum (Merr.) Merr.

Salai

SAPOTACEAE

Palaquium luzoniense (Fernandez-Villar) Vidal

Palaquium mindanaense Merr.
Palaquium philippense (Perr.) C. Robinson
Pouteria villamilii (Merr.) Baehni

Red nato/nato
Pinulog
Malak-malak
Villamil nato/White nato

SELAGINELLACEAE

Selaginella magnifica Warb.

Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring

_
_

TECTARIACEAE

Tectaria stalactica M. G. Price

THELYPTERIDACEAE

Chingia paucipaleata Holtt.

Chingia pricei Holtt.
Christella subdentata Holtt.
Coryphopteris squamipes (Copel.) Holtt.
Cyclogramma auriculata (J. Sm.) Ching

_
_
_
_
_

VERBENACEAE

Clerodendrum macrocalyx H.J. Lam

Clerodendrum mindorense Merr.

_
Bagab

WOODSIACEAE

Cornopteris irigense (Copel.) M. G. Price

Diplazium costulisorum C. Presl
Diplazium cultratum C. Presl
Diplazium propinquum (Copel.) Alderw.
Gymnocarpium oyamense (Baker) Ching

_
_
_
_
_

ZINGIBERACEAE

Adelmeria paradoxa (Ridley) Merr.

Leptosolena haenkei C. Presl

Parapat
Banai

12

CATEGORY D. Other Threatened Species

FAMILY NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

COMMON NAME

BURSERACEAE

Canarium luzonicum (Blume) A.Gray

Canarium ovatum Engl.
Protium connarifolium (Perkins) Merr.

Piling-liitan
Pili
Marangub

DILLENIACEAE

Dillenia fischeri Merr.

Dillenia luzoniensis (Vidal) Martelli ex Durand & Jackson

Fischer Katmon
Malakatmon

ELAEOCARPACEAE

Elaeocarpus dinagatensis Merr.

Elaeocarpus gigantifolius Elmer

Dinagat-konakan
Nabol

EUPHORBIACEAE

Antidesma obliquinervium Merr.

Antidesma subolivaceum Elmer
Drypetes palawanensis Pax & Hoffm.
Macaranga congestiflora Merr.

Aniam
Aniam-Gubat
Tombong-uak
Amublit

FAGACEAE

Lithocarpus luzoniensis (Merr.) Rehd.

Lithocarpus ovalis (Blanco) Rehd.

Kilog
Mangasiriki

FLACOURTIACEAE

Hydnocarpus alcalae C DC
Xylosma palawanense Mendoza

Dudua
Mansalay

GESNERIACEAE

Monophyllaea longipes Kraenzl.

Monophyllaea merrilliana Kraenzl.

North luzon one-leafed plant

Sabongaiahon

LABIATAE

Plectranthus apoensis (Elmer) H Keng

Plectranthus merrilii H Keng

Kalalapo-bulan
Bungbungtit

LAURACEAE

Cinnamomum iners Reinw. ex Blume

Eusideroxylon zwageri Teysm. & Binn.
Persea philippinensis (Merr.) Elmer

Clove cinnamon

LEGUMINOSAE

Adenanthera intermedia Merr.

Entada rheedii Sprengel
Luzonia purpurea Elmer
Parkia harbesonii Elmer

Tanglin
Gugo
Baloktot
Butad

LOMARIOPSIDACEAE

Lomagramma pedicellata Copel.

MELIACEAE

Aglaia aherniana Perkins

Aglaia costata Elmer ex Merr.
Sandoricum vidalii Merrill

Alamag
Manabiog
Malasantol

MYRISTICACEAE

Knema alvarezii Merr.

Knema stenocarpa Warb.
Myristica basilanica de Wilde
Myristica frugifera de Wilde
Myristica longipetiolata de Wilde
Myristica philippensis Lamk.

Duhao
Libago
Basilan duguan
_
_
Duguan

Tambulian (Borneo iron wood)

Kulilisiau

13

Myristica pilosigemma de Wilde

MYRSINACEAE

Ardisia romanii Elmer

Roman tagpo

MYRTACEAE

Kania microphylla (Quisumb. & Merr.) Peter G. Wilson

Kania urdanetensis (Elmer) Peter G. Wilson
Metrosideros halconensis (Merr.) Dawson
Syzygium cagayanense (Merr.) Merr.
Syzygium ciliato-setosum (Merr.) Merr.
Syzygium densinervium (Merr.) Merr.
Syzygium panduriforme (Elmer) Merr.
Syzygium subrotundifolium (C. Robinson) Merr.

Tigang-liitan
Sambulanan
Magadhan
Amtuk
Lakangan
Salakadan
Lauig-lauigan
Kalogkog-dagat

PANDANACEAE

Pandanus basilocularis Martelli

Olango

POLYPODIACEAE

Arthromeris proteus (Copel.) Tagawa

Christopteris sagitta (Christ) Copel.

_
Cacam-cam

RHAMNACEAE

Ziziphus hutchinsonii Merr.

Ziziphus talanai (Blanco) Merr.

Lumuluas
Balakat

ROSACEAE

Prunus subglabra (Merr.) Kalkm.

Rosa luciae Franch. & Rochbr. ex Crepin
Rosa transmorrisonensis Hayata
Rubus heterosepalus Merr.

Kanumog
Kuyaob
Pauikan
Tukong

SAPINDACEAE

Guioa bicolor Merr.

Kaninging

SYMPLOCACEAE

Symplocos polyandra (Blanco) Brand.

Balakbakan

TECTARIACEAE

Tectaria adenophora Copel.

URTICACEAE

Astrothalamus reticulatus (Wedd.) C Robinson

Lapnai

WOODSIACEAE

Diplazium calliphyllum (Copel.) M. G. Price

Diplazium macrosorum (Copel.) M. G. Price
Diplazium sibuyanense (Copel.) Alderw.
Diplazium vestitum C. Presl

_
_
_
_

ZINGIBERACEAE

Vanoverberghia sepulchrei Merr.

Agbab

List of Other Wildlife Species

FAMILY NAME

SCIENTIFIC NAME

ASPLENIACEAE

Asplenium mantalingahanum P.M. Zamora & Co

BEGONIACEAE

Begonia alba Merr.

Begonia angilogensis Merr.
Begonia casiguranensis Merr.
Begonia castilloi Merr.
Begonia caudata Merr.

COMMON NAME

_
_
_
_
_

14

Begonia chloroneura P. Wilkie & Sands

Begonia collisiae Merr.
Begonia coronensis Merr.
Begonia edanoi Merr.
Begonia elatostematoides Merr.
Begonia esculenta Merr.
Begonia gitingensis Elmer
Begonia isabelensis Quisumb. & Merr.
Begonia lacera Merr.
Begonia lancifolia Merr.
Begonia longibracteata Merr.
Begonia longinoda Merr.
Begonia obtusifolia Merr.
Begonia palawanensis Merr.
Begonia panayensis Merr.
Begonia parva Merr.
Begonia perryae L.B. Smith & Wasshausen
Begonia rubrifolia Merr.
Begonia rufipila Merr.
Begonia samarensis Merr.
Begonia sarmentosa L.B. Smith & Wasshausen
Begonia subtruncata Merr.
Begonia urdanetensis Merr.
Begonia wadei Merr. & Quisumb.
Begonia weberi Merr.
Begonia zamboangensis Merr.

_
_
Coron begonia
_
_
_
Guiting-guiting begonia
Isabela begonia
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

COMPOSITAE

Merrittia benguetensis (Elmer) Merr.

Agakob

CORNACEAE

Mastixia macrocarpa Matthew

Apanit-lakibunga

DENNSTAEDTIACEAE

Dennstaedtia articulata Copel.

Dennstaedtia fusca Copel.
Dennstaedtia macgregorii Copel.
Dennstaedtia williamsii Copel.
Lindsaea apoensis Copel.
Lindsaea ramosii Copel.
Microlepia protracta Copel.

_
_
_
_
_
_
_

DILLENIACEAE

Dillenia megalantha Merr.

Dillenia philippinensis Rolfe

Katmon-bayani
Katmon

DRYOPTERIDACEAE

Dryopteris polita Rosenst.

Dryopteris uropinna M. G. Price
Polystichum copelandii (Christ) Copel.
Polystichum elmeri Copel.
Polystichum fuscum Copel.
Polystichum nudum Copel.
Psomiocarpa apiifolia C. Presl

_
_
_
_
_
_
_

EUPHORBIACEAE

Aporosa elliptifolia Merr.

Baccaurea odoratissima Elmer
Macaranga caudatifolia Elmer

Apnong-tilos
Dilak-banguhan
Daha

15

FAGACEAE

Castanopsis philipensis (Blanco) Vidal

Quercus merrillii Seem.

Philippine chestnut
Pungo-pungo

FLACOURTIACEAE

Flacourtia rukam Zoll. & Mor.

Bitongol

GRAMINEAE

Aristida holathera Domin

Cephalostachyum mindorense Gamble
Chionachne biaurita Hackel

_
Bakto
_

GRAMMITIDACEAE

Acrosorus nudicarpus P.M. Zamora & Co

Calymmodon ordinatus Copel.
Ctenopteris halconensis (Copel.) Copel.
Ctenopteris matutumensis Copel.
Ctenopteris negrosensis (Copel.) Copel.
Ctenopteris pachycaula (Copel.) Copel.
Ctenopteris spongiosa (Copel.) Copel.
Grammitis bulbotricha (Copel.) M. G. Price
Grammitis loheriana (Christ) Copel.
Grammitis microtricha Copel.
Prosaptia ancestralis Copel.
Xiphopteris apoensis Copel.

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

HYMENOPHYLLACEAE

Hymenophyllum bartlettii (Copel.) Morton

Hymenophyllum bicolanum Copel.
Hymenophyllum bontocense Copel.
Hymenophyllum campanulatum Christ
Hymenophyllum edanoi (Copel.) Morton
Hymenophyllum pulchrum Copel.
Hymenophyllum ramosii Copel.
Hymenophyllum reductum Copel.
Hymenophyllum vittatum Copel.
Trichomanes acutum C. Presl (=Crepidomanes)
Trichomanes crassum Copel.
Trichomanes gracillinum Copel.
Trichomanes zamboanganum (Copel.) Morton

Filmy Fern
Filmy Fern
Filmy Fern
Filmy Fern
Filmy Fern
Filmy Fern
Filmy Fern
Filmy Fern
Filmy Fern
Filmy Fern
Filmy Fern
Filmy Fern
Filmy Fern

LINDSAEACEAE

Tapeinidum acuminatum Kramer

LOMARIOPSIDACEAE

Elaphoglossum apoense Holtt.

Elaphoglossum basilanicum Copel.
Elaphoglossum calanasanicum Holtt.
Elaphoglossum negrosensis Holtt.
Lomagramma cordata Copel.

_
_
_
_
_

MATONIACEAE

Matonia foxworthyi Copel.

MELIACEAE

Aglaia grandis Korth. ex Miq.

Aglaia korthalsii Miq.
Aglaia lancilimba Merr.
Aglaia lepthantha Merr.
Aglaia leucophylla King
Aglaia luzoniensis (Vidal) Merr. & Rolfe
Aglaia malaccensis (Ridley) Pannel
Aglaia oligophylla Miq.

Barongisan
Korthal gisihan
Tapuyi
Gisihan
Bubunau
Kuling-manuk
Malacca kato
Ansa

16

Aglaia pachyphylla Miq.

Aglaia palembanica Miq.
Aglaia rubiginosa (Hiern) Pannel
Aglaia sexipetala Griff.
Aglaia squamulosa King
Aglaia silvestris (M. Roemer) Merr.
Aglaia teysmanniana (Miq.) Pannel

Tukang-kalau
Gasatin

OLEANDRACEAE

Oleandra benguetensis Copel.

PALMAE

Areca whitfordii Becc.

Bungang gubat

PANDANACEAE

Freycinetia sumatrana Hemsl.

PERANEMACEAE

Didymochlaena truncatula (Sw.) J. Sm.

POLYPODIACEAE

Microsorum membranifolia (R. Br.) Ching

PTERIDACEAE

Pteris brevis Copel.

Pteris dataensis Copel.
Pteris distans J. Smith
Pteris edanoi Copel.
Pteris elmeri Christ
Pteris loheri Copel.
Pteris macgregorii Copel.
Pteris melanorachis Copel.
Pteris micracantha Copel.
Pteris mucronulata Copel.
Pteris ramosii Copel.
Pteris squamipes Copel.
Pteris taenitis Copel.

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

Prunus clementis (Merr.) Kalkm.

Dalisai

Greeniopsis discolor Merr.

Greeniopsis euphlebia Merr.
Greeniopsis megalantha Merr.
Ixora palawanensis Merr.
Ixora tenuipedunculata Merr.
Sulitia obscurinervia (Merr.) Ridsd.

Pangalimanan
Buhon-buhon
Hamagos
Palawan santan
Suding
_

SELAGINELLACEAE

Selaginella apoensis Hieron.

TECTARIACEAE

Aenigmopteris mindanaensis Holtt.

Tectaria lobbii (Hook.) Copel.

_
_

THELYPTERIDACEAE

Nannothelypteris aoristisora (Harr.) Holtt.

Nannothelypteris camarinensis Holtt.
Nannothelypteris inaequilobata Holtt.
Nannothelypteris nervosa (Fe) Holtt.
Nannothelypteris philippina (C. Presl) Elmer
Pronephrium bulusanicum (Holtt.) Holtt.
Pronephrium clemensiae (Copel.) Holtt.

_
_
_
_
_
_
_

ROSACEAE

Basinau
Bugalbal-pula
Salamingal
Teysmann kato

RUBIACEAE

17

Pronephrium diminutum (Copel.) Holtt.

Pronephrium hosei (Baker) Holtt.
Pronephrium solsonicum Holtt.
Sphaerostephanos angustifolius (C. Presl) Holtt.
Sphaerostephanos cartilagidens P. M. Zamora & Co
Sphaerostephanos dichrotrichoides (Alderw.) Holtt.
Sphaerostephanos fenixii Holtt.
Sphaerostephanos hernaezii Holtt.
Sphaerostephanos magnus (Copel.) Holtt.
Sphaerostephanos major (Copel.) Holtt.
Sphaerostephanos mindorensis Holtt.
Sphaerostephanos polisianus Holtt.
Sphaerostephanos spenceri (Christ) Holtt.
Sphaerostephanos stenodontus (Copel.) Holtt.
Sphaerostephanos tephrophyllus (Copel.) Holtt.
Sphaerostephanos williamsii (Copel.) Holtt.

_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_

THYMELAEACEAE

Aquilaria cumingiana (Decne.) Ridley

Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk.

Butlo
Agar wood

VITTARIACEAE

Monogramma capillaris Copel.

Vittaria hecistophylla Copel.
Vittaria pachystemma Christ
Vittaria subcoriacea Christ
Vittaria taeniophylla Copel.

_
_
_
_
_

WOODSIACEAE

Athyrium stramineum Copel.

Diplazium bolsteri Copel.
Diplazium geophilum (Copel.) Alderw.
Diplazium symmetricum (Copel.) M. G. Price
Diplazium tenuifolium (Copel.) M. G. Price

_
_
_
_
_

20 Most Endangered Species in the

Philippines
20 Most Endangered Species in the
Philippines
Updated on November 7, 2014

18

While the Philippines is considered to have one of the world's richest ecosystems, it is also one of the
countries with the most threatened and endangered plant and animal life. The International Union for the
Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, or IUCN, as well as other international environmental
organizations has been in constant coordination with the local government to preserve the country's wildlife
and environment.
Through the years, industrialization, deforestation, and commercial and residential land clearing have
increased the list of threatened and endangered species in the Philippines. Another common cause is
excessive hunting to be used for food, commerce, and as pets.

1. Endangered Plant : Kris plant (scientific name: Alocasia sanderiana) | Source

2. Apitong (scientific name: Dipterocarpus grandiflorus) | Source

19

4. Dayungon (scientific name: Agathis philippinensis) | Source

5. Dau Rai (scientific name: Dipterocarpus alatus) | Source

20

6. Endangered Plant : Apnit or Bagtikan - Parashorea malaanonan | Source

7. Yakal (scientific name: Shorea astylosa) |Source

8. Mayapis Tree (scientific name: Shorea palosapis) | Source

21

9. Philippine Teak (scientific name: Tectona philippinensis) | Source

10. Dinagat pitcher plant (scientific name: Nepenthes bellii) | Source

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22

Although there are many programs currently in place all over the country, all known most endangered species
in the Philippines are still classified as such until a significant improvement on the populations of the
threatened plants and animals are scientifically confirmed.
Shown below are 20 of the mostendangered species in the Philippines (10 plants and 10 animals) based on
the IUCN Red List.
I. Most Endangered Plants in the Philippines
Most, if not all, of these plants are threatened and endangered because of human disruption to their natural
habitat, unregulated harvesting, and illegal logging.
1.

Kris plant (scientific name: Alocasia sanderiana)

Declared as critically endangered by the IUCN, this large-leafed, ornamental plant is indigenous to the
provinces of Misamis Occidental and Bukidnon in the Philippines. It is called kris because of its
uncanny likeness to the country's ancient wavy broad sword used by its natives forcombat during olden
times.

2.

Apitong (scientific name: Dipterocarpus grandiflorus)

Another critically endangered Philippine plant species according to the IUCN, the apitong is a medium
hardwood tree endemic to the countries of Southeast Asia and India. It is used to produce many types of
commodities such as lumber, paper, and charcoal.

3.

Dalingdingan (scientific name: Hopea malibato)

Dalingdingan is a critically endangered tree species in the Philippines, according to IUCN. It is known in
the fields of chemistry and medicine as its leaves produce oligostilbenes that are said to have HIVinhibitory properties. This tree is indigenous to the Philippines.

4.

Dayungon (scientific name: Agathis philippinensis)

This large, coniferous evergreen tree is native to the island of Luzon in the Philippines. It can grow up to
65 meters tall and iscommonly used to reforest barren lands because it can tolerate acidic and infertile
soil. It is classified as vulnerable by the IUCN.

5.

Dau Rai (scientific name: Dipterocarpus alatus)

This is a tropical forest tree endemic to the Southeast Asian nations of Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos,
Thailand, and the Philippines. They are usually found planted beside riverbanks. Its wood is highly
sought-after to be used in making top quality furniture. The bark is also popular for its medicinal
properties that are known to alleviate rheumatism and liver diseases. It is tagged as an endangered
species by the IUCN.

23

6.

Apnit or Bagtikan (scientific name: Parashorea malaanonan)

An IUCN tagged critically endangered large tree species found in the Philippines, Malaysia, and Brunei.
It can grow to as much as 60 meters in height. It is mainly used for its timber.

7.

Yakal (scientific name: Shorea astylosa)

Yakal is a medium-large tree that is endemic to the Philippines. It is considered critically endangered by
the IUCN. It is commonly found in the lowland forests of the islands of Luzon, Negros, Samar, and
Mindanao. Its wood is known for its high level of strength and is used for constructing houses, bridges,
and other structures requiring durable lumber.

8.

Mayapis (scientific name: Shorea palosapis)

Also called Philippine mahogany, this is another large tree species that is indigenous to the Philippines.
It is included in IUCN's list of critically endangered species in the Philippines. Its wood is commonly
exported because of its strength.

9.

Philippine Teak (scientific name: Tectona philippinensis)

A small-medium species of tree that is indigenous to the islands of Luzon and Iling in the Philippines. Its
wood is also mainly used in construction. It is listed as a critically endangered Philippine plant by IUCN.

10.

Dinagat pitcher plant (scientific name: Nepenthes bellii)

This plant is a carnivorous plant that is endemic to Dinagat Island and Northern Mindanao in the
Philippines. Listed as an endangered species by the IUCN, it usually grows in the sides of cliffs and
roads spilling into lowland forests.

1. Endangered Animals : Pawikan Or Hawksbill Sea Turtle (Scientific Name: Eretmochelys Imbricata) | Source

24

2. Haribon or Philippine eagle (scientific name: Pithecophaga jefferyi) | Source

3. Tamaraw or Mindoro dwarf buffalo (scientific name: Bubalus mindorensis) |Source

4. Dugong or sea cow (scientific name: Dugong dugon) | Source

5. Mindoro crocodile (scientific name: Crocodylus mindorensis) | Source

6. Butanding or whale shark (scientific name: Rhincodon typus) | Source

25

7. Palawan horned frog (scientific name: Megophrys ligayae) | Source

8. Giant golden-crowned flying fox (scientific name: Acerodon jubatus) | Source

9. Pilandok or Philippine mouse deer (scientific name: Tragulus nigricans) |Source

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10. Visayan or Philippine spotted deer (scientific name: Rusa alfredi) | Source

II. Most Endangered Animals in the Philippines

The same with endangered plant species, the animals mentioned here are threatened because of habitat
destruction, deforestation, and poaching.
1.

Pawikan or Hawksbill sea turtle (scientific name: Eretmochelys imbricata)

The pawikan, as it is locally called, is a global critically endangered species, as classified by IUCN.
These herbivores are common in the tropical waters of the Philippines.

2.

Haribon or Philippine eagle (scientific name: Pithecophaga jefferyi)

Also called the monkey-eating eagle, it is one of the largest and most powerful bird species on the
planet. It is the Philippines' national bird and is endemic in the southern part of the country. It is tagged
as critically endangered by the IUCN.

3.

Tamaraw or Mindoro dwarf buffalo (scientific name: Bubalus mindorensis)

Indigenous to the island of Mindoro in the Philippines, these bovines are formerly widespread in the
mountainous areas of the province. Due to habitat loss they were forced to migrate to the lowlands and
are then kept in captivity. Now, they arecritically endangered as tagged by the IUCN.

4.

Dugong or sea cow (scientific name: Dugong dugon)

The dugong is commonly found in the tropical waters of the Philippines, Indian Ocean, and Western
Pacific Ocean. It is classified as vulnerable by the IUCN.

5.

Mindoro crocodile (scientific name: Crocodylus mindorensis)

Another animal indigenous in the island Mindoro in the Philippines, it is tagged as critically endangered
by IUCN. It is also called the Philippine freshwater crocodile.

6.

Butanding or whale shark (scientific name: Rhincodon typus)

The whale shark is one of the world's endangered species and can be found in almost all

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tropical waters around the globe. In the Philippines it is called butanding and is listed vulnerable by the
IUCN.
7.

Palawan horned frog (scientific name: Megophrys ligayae)

This type of frog is indigenous to the islands of Palawan and Balacbac in the Philippines. They are
classified as endangered by the IUCN.

8.

Giant golden-crowned flying fox (scientific name: Acerodon jubatus)

Also known as the golden-capped fruit bat, this native bat from the Philippines is one of the world's
largest. It is tagged as endangered by the IUCN.

9.

Pilandok or Philippine mouse deer (scientific name: Tragulus nigricans)

Classified by IUCN as endangered, these are also endemic to the islands of Palawan and Balacbac.
They are usually the subject of localfolklore, but are mostly hunted for their meat.

10.

Philippine spotted deer (scientific name: Rusa alfredi)

Also known as the Visayan spotted deer, this animal is indigenous to the islands of Panay and Negros in
the Philippines. It is listed as endangered by the IUCN.

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