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28
2539 Bretschneidera
sinensis Hemsl. 2
(H.R.H. Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn No. 1)

(Flora of Thailand)

12
2529 2545

16 8 2557
(Millennium
Seed Bank) (Wakehurst Place)

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of Collaboration) . (2543). :
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(vascular plants) 11,000 (UNEP-WCMC, 2004) 60

(Flora of Thailand) .. 1970
5,200 217
300 1 2549

.. 2557
( , 2557)
11,104 1,612
2,465 287 807 208
Fabaceae 112 Apocynaceae 71
Malvaceae 70
252
2,287 957
210
3,678
(taxa) var.,
subsp., forma (hybrid)

.. 2557

(common name)

http://
www.dnp.go.th/botany/mplant/index.aspx

(authors)

(etymology)
Quattrocchi (2000)
1 Staples & Herbst (2005), Flora of
North America Editorial Committee (1993 onwards)
Lewis et al. (2005) Fabaceae

.. 2546 ( 2)

The International Plant Names Index IPNI (2012), The
Plant List (2013), Catalogue of Life (Hassler, 2016)
Tropicos (2016)
(habit)

Angiosperm Phylogeny Group III
APG III (Stevens, 2001 onwards) (dioecious)
(monoecious)

(basionym)
(stipules)

(leaves) (simple)

(Larsen, 1996; Santisuk & Balslev, 2014-2015;
Santisuk & Larsen, 1997-2013; Smitinand & Larsen, 1970-1993)
Flora of China (Wu & Raven, 1994-2001; Wu et al., /
2001-2013) http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/
china/

/ (fruit)
( Radanachaless & Maxwell, 1994)
/
(capsule)
1 - -
1-2 fig synconium
2-3

3-5

5-10 - -

(inflorescences)

Lindsay & Middleton (2012 onwards)

(flowers)

(corolla)
(calyx) (perianth) (floristic
regions)
(androecium) .. 2557

(
, 2550)
(column) (androphore) (altitude)
(androgynophore)
(microsporophyll)
(gynoecium) (South China)

(South Asia)

(East Asia)
(gynophore) (stylopodium)

(megasporophyll) (Indochina)
(Malesia)

(Southeast Asia)

-
(Papuasia)
Aru
-
.. 2558
(Pacific Islands)

(
George Staples Staples, G.
)
A tropical garden flora Staples, G.W.

A bibliography
of taxonomic revisions for vascular plants in Thailand
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(2012)
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Siddha Unani

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.
.
. (). (2557).
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. .
. (2546).
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,
Carex L. subsp. ciliata T. Koyama

Cyperaceae
Rhynchospora Vahl 250
9
rhynchos sporos
3

2-3 Simpson, D.A. (1993). Rhynchospora nervosa: Cyperaceae. Curtiss Botanical
Magazine 10: 117-121.
Carex Cariceae 2000

40
Carex speciosa Kunth

45 .
1.5-6 . 60 .
8 . 1-2 20 .
2-3 0.7-3.5 .

2-3 . 1-3 : 4-5
2.5-3.5 . 2 (: cultivated - RP)
3 3-3.5 .

1800 Khaosokia caricoides D. A. Simpson, Chayam. & J. Parn.
Cyperaceae

Dai, L.K., S.Y. Liang, S. Zhang, Y. Tang, T. Koyama and G.C. Tucker. (2010). 50 . 8-9 .
Cyperaceae (Carex) In Flora of China Vol. 23: 331. 3.5-7 . 2-4
Simpson, D.A. and T. Koyama. (1998). Cyperaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 3-11 2-7 . 2-2.7 .
6(4): 449-484.
7-9 3.5-4 . 7
3 3

100
Khaosokia D. A. Simpson, Chayam. & J. Parn.
Cariceae, Dulichieae Scirpeae

Carex
:
(: - SSi)
Simpson, D.A., A.M. Muasya, K. Chayamarit, J. Parnell, S. Suddee, B. Wilde,
M. Jones, J. Bruhl and R. Pooma. (2005). Khaosokia caricoides, a new
genus and species of Cyperaceae in Thailand. Botanical Journal of the
Rhynchospora nervosa (Vahl) Boeckeler Linnean Society 149: 357-364.
Cyperaceae
Dichromena nervosa Vahl
70 .
50 .
10 . 4-5
22 .
4-16
0.5-1 . 3-5 .
2-3 4.5 . 2
1.5-3 . 1-1.5 . :
(: - RP)

Carex oedorrhampha Nelmes Cyperus involucratus Rottb.
Cyperaceae
4-8 . 1.2 . 10-20 . 0.5-1.7 .
5-17 . 15-25 20-50 .
30-50 . 18-25 . 4-8 15-30 .
4-8 . 6-12 . 7-10 . 1-1.5 . 3-10
1.8-3 . 1-2 . 3-9 .
3 3-3.8 . 2 .
1 . 2 . 3 3 0.8 .
( , )

1800-2500

Simpson, D.A. and T. Koyama. (1998). Cyperaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol.
6(4): 477. Cyperus corymbosus Rottb.
0.9-2 .
6 . 2-4
3.5 .
10-17 . 4-9 . 6-15 11 .
5-15 0.5-1.8 .
9 2 .
3 3
1 .

: (: - SSi)

Cyperus michelianus (L.) Link. subsp. pygmaeus (Rottb.) Asch.
& Graebn. Dai, L.K., G.C. Tucker and D.A. Simpson. (2010). Cyperaceae (Cyperus) In
Flora of China Vol. 23: 219, 228.
Cyperus pygmaeus Rottb. Simpson, D.A. and T. Koyama. (1998). Cyperaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol.
5-25 . 6(4): 345-387.
20 . 1-3 . 5 .
2-7 4-15 .
0.71.5 .
3-5 .
2 .

1-2 2-3
1 . : (: - PK)

800 subsp. michelianus

,
Cyperus L.
Cyperaceae :
15-25 (: cultivated - MP)

3
3
Cyperus Cypereae 500
47 kyperion kyperos : 2-4
(: - PT)
Actinoscirpus grossus (L. f.) Goetgh. & D. A. Simpson

Cyperaceae
Scirpus grossus L. f.

1-2 . 0.5-1.7 .
30 . 3-4 50 .
6-15 . 7 .
1-4 . 0.5-1 .
2.5-3 .
5-6
3 3
1-2 . : 1 (: cultivated - RP)
,

(dark-headed stem borer) Hanguana Blume
Hanguanaceae

Actinoscirpus (Ohwi) Haines & Lye Scirpeae
6 2 6
actino Scirpus
3
1-3
Simpson, D.A. and T. Koyama. (1998). Cyperaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol.
6(4): 274-275. Hanguana Flagellariaceae
15 2
(pers. comm., L.S. Wijedasa & A. Matti)

H. kassintu Blume

Hanguana malayana (Jack) Merr.
Veratrum malayanum Jack
3 . 2.5 .
20-200 .
120 .
1 .
3 .
: (: 2 . 3 .
- PT) 5 .

Cyperus papyrus L.
Cyperaceae
1-5 . Hanguana thailandica Wijedasa, Chamchumroon & P. C. Boyce
12 5-10 .
20-35 . 1 . 90 .
10-30 . 2 . 60 .
1-3 . 0.6-1.2 .

5-17 2-2.5 . 0.5 . 1.5 .
3 3 5 .
1 . ( , )

C. papyrus Nanus 1
papyrus paper
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6(4): 348-349. species from Thailand. Phytotaxa.

Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L.
Oleaceae
10 .
6-12 . 1 .
3-7
1 . 4-8
5-7 . 2
2
2 2 .

Nyctanthes L. Myxopyreae 2
N. aculeata Craib
Parijat
arbor-tristis
Erythrina variegata L.

Moldenke, H.N. and A.L. Moldenke (1983). Nyctanthaceae. A revised handbook
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(2012). Nyctanthes arbo-tristis Linn. (Night Jasmine): A sacred ornamental
plant with immense medicinal potentials. Indian Journal of Traditional
Knowledge 11(3): 427-435.
: H. malayana (: - RP); : H. thailandica

(: - SSi); : Hanguana sp. (: - SSi)
Scoparia dulcis L.
Plantaginaceae
1 .
0.5-3.5 . : 1 . 4-8 (: cultivated - RP)
0.5-1 . 1-4
1 . 4
1.5 . Casearia grewiifolia Vent.
4 3 .
4 Salicaceae
2 4 20 .
2-3 . 8-16 .
0.6-1.2 .
5-8 .
5 2-3 . 8-10
Scoparia L. Scrophulariaceae 20
2-4 2.5-3.5 .
scopa 3

Yamazaki, T. (1990). Scrophulariaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(2): 217-218. 1000
Casearia Jacq. Flacourtiaceae 180
11 Johannes Casearius
(1642-1678)

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: 1-4 (:
from Thailand, and notes on Casearia grewiifolia var. gelonioides. Thai
- PK) Forest Bulletin (Botany) 39: 23-27.
Pegia Colebr. Spondioideae 2

Flora of
China P. sarmentosa (Lecomte) Hand.-Mazz.
pege

Chayamarit, K. (2010). Anacardiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 10(3): 309-311.
Min, T. and A. Barfod. (2008). Anacardiaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 11: 342.
:
3 (: - SSi)
Vitex siamica F. N. Williams

Lamiaceae
12 . 3-5
1.5-5 . 10 .
12-24 1.5 .
2-10 . 1-5 .
1-5 . 2-3 .
3 . 4 : (:
1.5 . - RP)
2.5 . 1-2.5 . 2-3 .
2 2-5 . ( , )
Lepironia articulata (Retz.) Domin

100-200 Cyperaceae
Restio articulatus Retz.

Chantaranothai, P. (2011). A revision of the genus Vitex (Lamiaceae) in Thailand. 1.2 .
Tropical Natural History 11(2): 104-105. 12-26 .
2-6 .
3-6.5 .
spicoid
2 4-6 .

2-3
3-4 .

Lepironia Rich. Mapanioideae
lepis lepyriodes

: 3-5 Simpson, D.A. and T. Koyama. (1998). Cyperaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol.
(: - PK) 6(4): 266-268.
Pegia nitida Colebr.

Anacardiaceae

20-40 . 4-7
4-11 . 2-3 .
20-35 . 1 .
1.5 . 5 1 . 5
1.5 . 10 5
5 5
1 .
:
400-1000 (: - PT)
1.5-2 .
Corchorus aestuans L. 6 .
Malvaceae
1 . 3
3-8 . 1200
1 1-2.5 .
Li, B. and M.G. Gilbert. (2011). Annonaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 19: 691, 694.
5 3-5 .
5 3 .
5 1.5-3 .
3-5 2

Corchorus L. Tiliaceae Grewioideae :
100 4 C. capsularis L. (: - PK)

Hibiscus sabdariffa L.
Phengklai, C. (1993). Tiliaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(1): 30.
Tang, Y., M.G. Gilbert and L.J. Dorr. (2007). Tiliaceae. In Flora of China Vol. Malvaceae
12: 529.
2 .

3-5 2-8 .
2-8 . 8-12
0.5-1.5 .
1-2 .
6-7 .
5 1.5 .
( , )

: 3 Tang, Y., M.G. Gilbert and L.J. Dorr. (2007). Malvaceae. In Flora of China Vol.
2 (: - RP) 12: 293.
,
Polyalthia Blume
Annonaceae

3 6 2
: 8-12 (: cultivated - RP)

1-5 ,
Polyalthia 100
Abelmoschus Medik.
20 polys Malvaceae
althos
5-15
5 5
Polyalthia cerasoides (Roxb.) Benth. & Hook. f ex Bedd. 5
Uvaria cerasoides Roxb. 5

20 .
6-19 . Abelmoschus Malvoideae Hibiscus
1-2 . 1-2 15
8-9 . 2 3
abul-l-mosk

Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench Curcuma singularis Gagnep.
Hibiscus esculentus L.
50 .
20-35 .
3-7 5-30 . 10-15 .
7-30 . 0.5-5 . 7-12 0.5-1.8 . 3-4 .
2-3 . 2 .
5-7 . 3.5-5 . 2-2.5 . 1.5 .
10-25 .
4-5 . 1.8 .

1000

Tang, Y., M.G. Gilbert and L.J. Dorr. (2007). Malvaceae. In Flora of China Vol.
12: 283, 285. Curcuma alismatifolia Gagnep.
60 . 3-4 .
20-30 . 3-10 .
50 . 15-20 .
2.5-3 .
6-10 .

2.5 . 2 2

: 5

(: cultivated - RP)

,
Curcuma L.
Zingiberaceae Curcuma roscoeana Wall.
Curcuma kurzii King ex Baker
90 . 3-4 .
16-35 . 7-25 .
2-7 30 . 8-15 .
3.5-4.5 .
2-3 3 2-4 3-3.5 .
1 . 1.5 .
2 . 1.2-1.5 .

3 3

Curcuma 120
Smithatris Stahlianthus 40 700
C. longa L.
kurkum
Curcuma bicolor Mood & Larsen
1 .
Curcuma parviflora Wall. 20-35 .
30-50 . 3-5 10-23 . 7-11 .
40 . 10 . 3-4 . 4
30 . 4-8 . 4 .
3 . 1.5 . 1.8-2 . 2 .
7 .
1.7 . 8 .
2

750

Mood, J. and K. Larsen. (2001). New Curcumas from South-east Asia. New
Plantsman 8(4): 210-211.
kornikov, J. and M. Sabu. (2005). Curcuma roscoeana Wall. (Zingiberaceae)
in India. Gardens Bulletin Singapore 57 (Suppl.): 187-198.
kornikov, J., O. da, E. Zvesk and K. Marhold. (2015). History of infra-
generic classification, typification of supraspecific names and outstanding
transfers in Curcuma (Zingiberaceae). Taxon 64(2): 362-373. http://dx.doi.
org/10.12705/642.11
:
(: - JM)

Xanthium strumarium L.
Asteraceae
1 . 9-25 .
: 2 (: - PK) 3
3.5-10 .
6-16 1-2 2-2.5 .
2.5 . 5
5
6-12 2-3 .
2
2 1-1.5 .
2

xanthinin

Xanthium L. Asteroideae Heliantheae 2-3

: (: cultivated - JM)
xanthion

Chen, Y., C. and D.N. Hind. (2011). Asteraceae (Heliantheae). In Flora of
China Vol. 20-21: 876.
WHO. (1990). Medicinal plants in Viet Nam. WHO/WPRO Manila and Institute
of Materia Medica Hanoi. Tienbo Printing, Hanoi.
: 2 (: - PK)
: 3
2 (: - PK)
,
Boesenbergia Kuntze
Zingiberaceae
2
2

3
: (: - RP)

3 3
Boesenbergia 60
25 Clara Boesenberg Otto Kuntze (1843-1907)

Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf.

Curcuma rotunda L.
1 . 6 .
50 .
7-16 . 6 . 10
:
3.5 . 4 . (: , : ; - JM)
2 2 .
2 .
1.5 . Blachia siamensis Gagnep.
Euphorbiaceae
5 .
2-4.5 .
1.5-2 . 4-5 .
1-1.5 . 1.5 .
Boesenbergia ochroleuca (Ridl.) Schltr. 14-21 3 .
Gastrochilus ochroleucus Ridl. 1-3.5 . 0.5-2.3 . 2-4 .
60 . 10 . 3-5 . 5-6 . 3
7 . 17 . 0.8-1 . 6 .
3 .
4 . 7-8
2.8 . 100
2.5 . 1.2 .
2 . Blachia Baill. Crotonoideae Croton
2 12 2
9 . 8 . B. andamanica (Kurz) Hook. f.
3 M. Blache Henri Ernest
Baillon (1827-1895)

Li, B. and M.G. Gilbert. (2008). Euphorbiaceae (Blachia). In Flora of China Vol.
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Larsen, K. and S.S. Larsen. (2006). Gingers of Thailand. Queen Sirikit Botanical Phattarahirankanok, K. and K. Chayamarit. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Blachia). In
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Sirirugsa, P. (1987). Three new species and one new combination in Boesenbergia
(Zingiberaceae) from Thailand. Nordic Journal of Botany 7: 421-425.
________. (1992). A revision of the genus Boesenbergia Kuntze (Zingiberaceae)
in Thailand. Natural History Bulletin of Siam Society 40: 67-90.
: 3
(: - MP; : - RP)
:
(: cultivated - JM) : (: ; - NP, - RP)

Aristolochia kongkandae Phuph. Aristolochia cambodiana Pierre ex Lecomte
5-7.5 . 2-3 Aristolochia kerrii Craib, A. dongnaiensis Pierre
2-3 3-7 . 5-10 .
1.5-5 . 10 1-2 . 2 2-4 .
5-7 . 1 . 2-8 0.5-1.2 . 0.5-1 .
1.5 . 3-7.5 .
5 . 1.5 . 0.7-1.5 .
5-7 . 3-4.5 . 1-1.8 . 1.5-2.5 .
4-4.5 .
100-200
. 1300

Aristolochia acuminata Lam.
Aristolochia pothieri Pierre ex Lecomte Aristolochia tagala Cham.

3 11-12 . 1 9.5-16.5 .
3.5-5.2 . 6 . 1 3-4 3-6 .
1 . 6-7 . 3-13 . 1.5-3 . 5-8 .
0.8-1.6 . 0.6-1.2 .
1.3-1.8 . 1.2-2.5 .
4-8 . 2 . 4-4.5 . 5-7 . 3-5.5 . 5-7.5 .
3-6 . 7-8 .

100-400 1000

Aristolochia phuphathanaphongiana Do Aristolochia yalaensis Phuph.
3-7 . 7-12 .
2 2-3 4-6 .
3-4 2-4 . 4-5 . 4.5 . 3-5
2-8 3.5-5 . 5 .
0.8-1.5 . 5-6 . 2.2-2.8 . 4 .
6-8 . 1.2-1.5 . 1 .
3-4 . 3 . 0.8 .
3-4 . 1.3-1.4 .
3-4 .
200
10-50 (Middleton et al. 3539 - BKF)

(Aristolochiaceae) A. minutiflora Ridl. ex Gamble
,
Aristolochia perangustifolia Phuph. Aristolochia L.
5.5-8.5 . Aristolochiaceae
1-2 1.5-2 .
5.5-8 . 6-8 . 3
0.6-1.2 . 6-8 .
2-2.5 .
4 . 1.5 . 6
6 6 6
3 6

200-450
10

Aristolochia 500
22 5 Aristolochic acid

A. indica L.
aristos locheia

Aristolochia helix Phuph.

0.8-1.5 .
1-2 2-5 . :
4-5 . 6 (: - RP)
5-9 . 7-8 .
2-2.5 . 1.5 .
7 .
3 .

Do, T., C. Neinhuis and S. Wanke. (2014). New synonym of Aristolochia cambodiana
Pierre ex Lecomte. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 42: 96-99.
Do, T., C. Neinhuis, S. Wanke and R. Pooma. (2015). Aristolochia phuphathana-
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Phuphathanaphong, L. (1987). Aristolochiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(1): 1-31.
________. (2006). New taxa of Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) from Thailand.
Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 34: 179-194. : (: - NT)
: (:
; - RP; - PK)
: (:
; - PK, - RP)
: 1
(: - RP)
: 1 : (: - RP);
(: - PK) A. minutiflora (: - RP)
11

3 . 3-5
3-7 .
1.2 .

Alocasia (Schott) G. Don 100
12 a
Colocasia Colocasia

Boyce, P.C. and D. Sookchaloem. (2012). Araceae (Alocasia). In Flora of
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: (: - TP)
Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thomson

Annonaceae
Uvaria odorata Lam., Canangium odoratum (Lam.) Baill. ex King
30 .
10-20 .
1-1.5 .
2-5 . 3 7 . :
6 5-7.5 . (: cultivated - RP)
3 .

1.5-2.3 . 1.2-1.8 . 2-12 Eriocaulon smitinandii Moldenke
Eriocaulaceae
var. fruticosa (Craib) J. Sinclair 1-3.5 .
20 . 2-4 .

Cananga (DC.) Hook. f. & Thomson 2 3
C. brandisiana (Pierre) I. M. Turner C. latifolia (Hook. f. & Thomson) 1.5 . 3
Finet & Gagnep. kenanga 1.3 . 6
2 3
Sinclair, J. (1955). A revision of the Malayan Annonaceae. Gardens Bulletin
Singapore 14: 323-325.

100-200
Eriocaulon L. Eriocauloideae 400
40
erion kaulos

Moldenke, H.N. (1959). Notes on new and noteworthy plants. Phytologia 7(2): 87.
: (: cultivated
- RP); : (: cultivated - RP)
Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don

Araceae
Arum macrorrhizon L.
2 .
120 .
1 50-120 .
13-35 .
10-29 . : (:
1-2 . - PK)
12

Sphagneticola trilobata (L.) Pruski Euonymus indicus B. Heyne ex Wall.
Asteraceae Celastraceae
Silphium trilobatum L., Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc. Euonymus javanicus Blume
20 .
3-10.5 . 3 5-20 . 5-8 .

2-2.5 . 14 . 12-15 2 0.5-2 . 5
1-1.5 . 3 1.5-6 .
4.5-5.5 . 5 5 3.5-6.5 .
2 3 . 5 2.5 .
5 5 2-3.5 .
1-2

Sphagneticola O. Hoffm. 4
sphagnos 1500
Euonymus Tourn. ex L. 130
7 euonymon
Strother, J.L. (2006). Asteraceae (Sphagneticola). In Flora of North America dendron
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Hou, D., I.A. Savinov and P.C. van Welzen. (2010). Celastraceae. In Flora of
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: 3 (:
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: (:
- PK)
Centratherum punctatum Cass.
Asteraceae
10-50 . Breynia discigera Mll. Arg.
2.5-8 . 5-8 0.5-1 . Phyllanthaceae
5 .
2-8 . 5-8 . 1.3-5 . 1-3 .
0.5-1 . 0.5-3 .
0.9-1.4 . 5 1.7 . 1 .
5 2 0.5-1.5 . 1.5-2 .
3-5 . 1-3 . 5 . 4 .
( , )

300
Centratherum Cass. 4
kentron ather
van Welzen, P.C. and H.-J. Esser. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Breynia). In Flora of
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: (: cultivated - MP) (: - RP)
13

5-7 . 4 0.5-1 .
Careya arborea Roxb. 4 1.5-3.5 .
1 . 2.5-4.5 .
Lecythidaceae 3-4
Careya sphaerica Roxb.
3-4 .
30 . 15 3-4
20-30 .
1-3 . 300
3
4 2-2.5 .
4 4-6 . Planchonia Blume 9
1 . 3
2-4.5 . Jules mile
4-5 5-8 . Planchon (1823-1888)
1 .

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1000 Prance, G.T. (2012). Lecythidaceae. In Flora of Peninsular Malaysia Vol. 3:
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oxalic acid
Careya Roxb. Barringtonioideae 3
C. herbacea Roxb.
C.
valida Kurz
William Carey (1761-1834)

Prance, G.T. (1998). Careya Roxb. In Plant Resources of South-East Asia
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,
Drynaria (Bory) J. Sm.
Polypodiaceae

2

Drynaria Basket ferns 50
7 dryinos

: (
: - RP); : (: - RP)

Drynaria bonii Christ

Planchonia valida (Blume) Blume
Lecythidaceae 5-10 .
Pirigara valida Blume 30-55 . 10-22 .
35 . 10-25 .
10-20 . 2-4
1-3 .
6-13 . 0.2-1 .
0.7-1.5 . 1000
14

Leucaena Benth. Mimosoideae 50

leukos
Drynaria quercifolia (L.) J. Sm.

Polypodium quercifolium L.

15-50 . Nielsen, I.C. (1985). Legiminosae-Mimosoideae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(2):
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5 . 40-150 .

1-30 .
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2 . 2

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2
(phyllodinous foliage)

5

(pleurogram)
Acacia Mimosoideae 1450
5 2
Senegalia Vachellia Acacia
: D. bonii (: - PK) 3 akakia

Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Benth.
15 . 2
8-20 . 3-4
4-10 . 0.5-1 .
1.5-2 .
2.5-4 . 1-1.5 . 6-7 .
5-12 4-6 .

A. mangium Willd. 4-5
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4-10 5-10 .
5-20 0.6-2 .
2-5 .
1.5-2 .
2.5 . 5 5
4.5-5 . 10 0.8-1 .
15-20 . 10-20
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leucenine cultivated - PK); : (: cultivated - RP)
15

,
Xyris L. Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn.
Xyridaceae Mimosa farnesiana L., Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd.
8 . 3-5 .
4-6 . 1-1.3 .
(stomatal field) 4-7 1.5-3 . 10-20
3 2-7 .
3 1-1.5 . 1.5-4.5 . 4-5
3 1 . 1.3-1.5 .
2 3 2 2.5 . 3.5-5.5 .
2-9 . 7-8 .
3
Xyris 280
17 xyron
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1 .
30-70 . 1 . 1-2
1 . 4-8 .
2.5 .
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3-4 . 3 .
5-6 . 16-18 5-9

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4 . 3-3.5 .
7 . 5 . 5-7 .
14-19 1-3 (
, )
: (:
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,
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Fabaceae
2
5

(pleurogram)
Vachellia Acacia
2 163
4 :
George Harvey Vachell (1799-1839) (: - PPh)
16

Vachellia harmandiana (Pierre) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger

Fabaceae
Acacia harmandiana (Pierre) Gagnep., Pithecellobium harmandianum
Pierre
20 . 6 .
18 .
1-5 . 1-5 4-12 .
4-13 0.6-3.5 .

0.9-1.1 .
2 . 15-22
: 2
6-13 . 5.5 . ( (: - PPh)
, )

300 Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.
Fabaceae
Mimosa juliflora Sw., Acacia juliflora (Sw.) Willd.
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5 5 .
10 5-8 .
8-30 . 5 . 5-6 .

Prosopis L. Mimosoideae 44

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Xyridaceae
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2 1.5-2.3 . 2-4
25-37 . 40-75 .
1.2-1.8 . 4-8 .
2 .
5-6 . 1-1.2 .
2-3 . 4 . : 2
5-6 . 3 . (: - RP)
3-3.5 . 13-15 1-3 (
, )
Senegalia thailandica (I. C. Nielsen) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger
200-450 Fabaceae
Acacia thailandica I. C. Nielsen

Phonsena, P., P. Chantaranothai and A. Meesawat. (2013). Revision of Xyris L.
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17

8-11 1-4 . ,
4-6 17-44 Sapria Griff.
2.5-5.5 .
Rafflesiaceae
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2 . 6 .
( , )
10
2
(ramenta)

20
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Sapria 3
sapros
Rafflesiaceae 3 Rafflesia, Rhizanthes Sapria 6
Mitrastemon Mitrastemonaceae 2
M. yamamotoi Makino

Sapria himalayana Griff.
8-20 .
: 2 (: 6-8 .
- NT) 6-8 . 4-6 .
1 .
1.8-3.7 . 3-5 .
Sapria poilanei Gagnep.
6.5-12 . 5-7 .
2.7-3.8 .
2.2-3.2 . Tetrastigma 800-1200
0.9-1.5 . Hermits spittoon forma albovinosa Bnziger &
1.5-2.5 . B. Hansen

1.5 .
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Bnziger, H., B. Hansen and K. Kreetiyutanont. (2000). A new form of the
Tetrastigma laoticum Gagnep. 1200-1400 hermits spittoon, Sapria himalayana Griffith f. albovinosa Bnziger & B.
Hansen f. nov. (Rafflesiaceae), with notes on its ecology. Natural History
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Sapria ram Bnziger & B. Hansen
5.5-11 . 6-8 .
2-4 .

0.8-1.8 . 5 .
1.3-3 .
2 . 5 .
1 .
2 .

Tetrastigma
: 10
harmandii Planch. 100-750 Ramas () () (: - HB)
spittoon
18

: (: - SSi)

Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil.
Rubiaceae
Stephegyne speciosa Korth.
: (
25 . 4 .
) () (: - HB) 12-17 .
2.5-5 .
1.5-2.5 . 4-6 .
2 . 5 .
3 . 1-2 .
2-3 . 7-9 .
1 . ( , )

Ridsdale, C.E. (1978). A revision of Mitragyna and Uncaria (Rubiaceae). Blumea
24: 65.
: ( :
, : ; - HB)
Crypteronia paniculata Blume

Crypteroniaceae
30 .
6-22 . 4-9 .
30 . 7-20 .
1-3 .
2-3 . 5
5 3-5 .
: (: cultivated - RP)
2-3 2-4 .

Calophyllum inophyllum L.
1000 Calophyllaceae

15 .
Crypteronia Blume Penaeaceae Lythraceae 8-15 .
7 1-3 .
krypto eros 1.5-4 . 4
8 . 1-1.2 .
4-5 .
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2.5 .
19

4-7 . 2
5-7 . 3-4 .
3
Tamanu oil
500
Calophyllum L. Clusiaceae
Mammea Mesua 10 17
kalos phyllon Biophytum umbraculum Welw.
Biophytum petersianum Klotzsch

Li, X.W., J. Li and P. Stevens. (2007). Clusiacese. In Flora of China Vol. 13: 39. 15 . 3-9
3.5 . 2-8 .
3 .
1-3 . 3-5 .
0.6-1 .
3-4 . 3-4

1200
:
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,
Biophytum DC.
Oxalidaceae

5
10 2 : B. adiantoides (:
5 3-6 2 5 - RP)
5
Biophytum 50 5
Flora of China B. fruticosum Blume
B. adiantoides Wight ex Edgew. & Hook. f.
bios phyton

: B. sensitivum
5 (: , : ; - RP)
Biophytum adiantoides Wight ex Edgew. & Hook. f.

30 . 18-27
9-22 .
0.9-2.2 . 5-19.5 .
0.5-1.7 .
4-6 . 0.9-1 .
3-4 . 2-3

: B. umbraculum
350 (: - PK)

Biophytum sensitivum (L.) DC. Boesenbergia gelatinosa K. Larsen
Oxalis sensitiva L. Zingiberaceae
35 . 7-14 5-16 . 5-10 . 3-4 .
0.8-1.8 . 1-2 . 10-18 .
14 . 6-7 1.2-2 .
1.5-3.5 . 1 . 0.5-1 .
20

4-5 . 2 .
1 . 1.2-1.4 . Globba schomburgkii Hook. f.
2.5 .
1 . ( , ) Zingiberaceae
60 .
15-20 .
900-1300 10 .
B. parvula (Wall. ex Baker) Kuntze 1 .
5-6 . 4-5 2
3-6 . 4-6 . 3
1-1.5 . 3 4 .
Boesenbergia parvula (Wall. ex Baker) Kuntze 1.2 .
Gastrochilus parvulus Wall. ex Baker 2.5 .
13 . 2 3 6 .
5 . 10 . ( , )
2 .
4 . 1000
3 . 2.5-3.5 .
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7 . 9 . Sabu, M. (2006). Zingiberaceae and Costaceae of South India. Kerala, India.
( , ) Indian Association for Angiosperm Taxonomy, Calicut University.
Wu, D. and K. Larsen. (2000). Zingiberaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 24: 359.

1500

Larsen, K. (1997). Further studies in the genus Boesenbergia (Zingiberaceae).
Nordic Journal of Botany 17(4): 361-363.
Sirirugsa, P. (1992). A revision of the genus Boesenbergia Kuntze (Zingiberaceae)
in Thailand. Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society 40: 84.
: 2
2 (: - PK)

Aristolochia baenzigeri B. Hansen & Phuph.
Aristolochiaceae

: (: 14-23.5 . 2
- PK)
3-4 7.5-12.5 .
2-3 0.5-1.5 .
1.5-2 . 2.5-3 .

5.5-6 . 3 .
2 . 3 8 .
7 . 3 34 .
6 1 . (
, )

800-1000 Dr. Hans Bnziger

Hansen, B. and L. Phuphathanaphong. (1999). Two new species of Aristolochia
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21

,
Mitragyna Korth.
Rubiaceae

5 5
5
2

Mitragyna 7 5
: mitra gyne
6 (: - HB)

Neolamarckia cadamba (Roxb.) Bosser Mitragyna diversifolia (Wall. ex G. Don) Havil.
Rubiaceae Nauclea diversifolia Wall. ex G.Don
Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb.) Miq., Nauclea cadamba Roxb.
8-15 . 1-1.5 .
45 . 5-16 . 1-2.5 .
1-2.5 . 12-25 . 1.5-2 . 2-3 .
2-3.5 . 1.5 . 3-4 .
4-5 . 2.5-3.5 .
1.5-4 . 2 . 6-7 .
1-3 2 . 5 1.3-1.8 . 5 .
5-9 . 5 2-3 .
5 2 .
2 400
1.5-2 . 3-4 .
3 . Chen, T. and C.M. Taylor. (2001). Rubiaceae (Mitragyna). In Flora of China
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1300

Neolamarckia Bosser 2
Anthocephalus chinensis
(Lam.) A. Rich. ex Walp. Breonia chinensis (Lam.)
Capuron : (: - MP)
Lamarckia

Scorodocarpus borneensis (Baill.) Becc.
Chen, T. and C.M. Taylor. (2001). Rubiaceae (Neolamarckia). In Flora of China
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Ximenia borneensis Baill.
40 . 7-22 .
1-2 .
2-3
2 . 4-5 4-5
0.8-1 .
2
3-4 . 3-4
3-4
3-7 . 2-2.5 .

600
: Antiaris
(: - RP) toxicaria Lesch.
22

Scorodocarpus Becc.
Olacaceae skorodon karpos

Irvingia malayana Oliv. ex A. W. Benn.
Irvingiaceae

Sleumer, H. (1984). Olacaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 10: 15-17. 30 .
1.5-3 . 3-20 .

0.5-2 . 5-15 .
1-3 .
5 1 .
10 3 .
2 1
3-6 . 5 .

1500

Irvingia Hook. f. Simaroubaceae Ixonanthaceae
7
: (:
- RP)
Edward George Irving (1816-1855)

Mansoa hymenaea (DC.) A. H. Gentry Nooteboom, H.P. (1972). Simaroubaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 6: 223-226
Bignoniaceae Phengklai, C. (1981). Irvingiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(4): 398-399.
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5-10 . 1
1 .
4-6 . 5
3.5-5 . 5
1.5 . 2 3
4
2

Mansoa DC. 12
A.L.P. da Silva Mansao (1788-1848) : (: - PK)

Hopea helferi (Dyer) Brandis
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700
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10 2-3 5 .
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1-2 .

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300
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Gesneriaceae
:
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1 5
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Cyrtandra Didymocarpoideae 600 15 . 50 .
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8 8-10 2
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5 . 3 6-10
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6-8 . 4-7 1 .
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800
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, 3-4
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5-12 . 2-10 5 .
0.8-1.1 . 2.5-3 .
31

5 . 3 2-3 . ,
1.5-2 . Acer L.

1-1.5 . Sapindaceae
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( , ) 3-5

700 5 8 2
1-2 2

. (2544). . .
Acer Aceraceae Hippocastanoideae
Aesculus 126
66 6
Akkadian arku

Acer oblongum Wall. ex DC.
20 . 5-17 .
1 6-7
2-5 .
10 . 1-2 .

: 3
(: - PK) 7 . 1.5-2.5 .

Ranunculus siamensis Tamura 1600
Ranunculaceae
30-80 .
3 6-20 . Acer laurinum Hassk.
3.5-7 . 2-4 Acer garrettii Craib
2-4 35 . 9-15 .
3-7 3 2-10 . 1
0.7-1.5 . 5 4-5 . 5-6 10 .
5 7-8 . 10 .
3 . 0.5-1.5 . 2.5-3 .
1-1.2 . 4-12
5 .
1.5 . 4-7 .
850-1500

Ranunculus L. 650
3
500-1500

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4-11 .
1-2 3-4
3.5-8 .
0.5-1 . 2.5 .

0.5-1 . 1.4-1.8 .

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32

Acer calcaratum Gagnep.

15 . 3
6-15 .
1.5-4.5 .
2 .
1.5-2 .
3-4 .
7 . 5 . 3-5 . : 3
(: - SSa)

1300-2200
Acer pseudowilsonii Y. S. Chen

30 . 3
10-13 . 11.5-14 .
4.5-5.5 .
10-20 .
1 .
1 .
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500
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Clematis
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: (:
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33

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12 .
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3 3 .
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3
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: (: - SSi)

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Canarium 3
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8-20 .

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8-10 2-3 .
7-9 ( , )
: 3
(: - RP) 1800-2200 var. edentatum Feng

Lithocarpus falconeri (Kurz) Rehder

Fagaceae Abutilon persicum (Burm. f.) Merr.
Quercus falconeri Kurz Sida persica Burm f.
20 . 12-35 . 3 .
1-1.5 . 10-30 . 4-20 .
0.5-1 . 8 .
1.5-2 . 2-3 . 2.5-3 .
( , ) 3-4 .
4 . 2-2.5 .
300 5-6 5-6 1.5-2 .
4-6 ( , )

Lithocarpus harmandii (Hickel & A. Camus) A. Camus Lawsonia
Pasania harmandii Hickel & A. Camus
inermis L.
20 .
11-22 . 2-3.5 . 5-17 . 12: 276.
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Lithocarpus truncatus (King ex Hook. f.) Rehder
Quercus truncata King ex Hook. f.
20 .
12-29 . 1-2 . 5-15 .
2.5-3.5 . 2-3 .

: 8-10 (: - SSi)

900-1300

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1-1.5 . 10-20 .
7-20 . : 5-7
1.7-2.2 . 1.5-2 . (: - SSi)
5-7

400
,
Lithocarpus Blume
Fagaceae

6 : L. lucidus 5-7
10-12 (: - RP)

3-6 2
3

Lithocarpus 300
58 litho karpos

: L. truncatus
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Quercus lucidus Roxb.
15 . 7-15 . ,
0.5-1 . 9-20 . 3-4 . 2-2.5 . Castanopsis (D. Don) Spach
Fagaceae
5-7

35

6 Quercus kingiana Craib
12
3-7 30 . 8-20 .
3 2 9-14
3 1-4 . 10-15 . 3-10
1-4 1-3 . 1.5-3.5 . 1.4-2.5 .

Castanopsis 110-120 500-2100
33 Castanea
kastana C. sativa Mill. Chesnut tree

Quercus rex Hemsl.
Castanopsis acuminatissima (Blume) A. DC. Cyclobalanopsis rex (Hemsl.) Schottky
Castanea acuminatissima Blume
30 . 9-30 .
40 . 5.5-13 .
12-22 1-3 . 5-15 .
8-15 . 1-2 . 2-3 3-5 . 1.5-2.5 .
5-7
0.8-1.3 . 1-1.5 .

900-1600

800-1400
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:
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,
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Fagaceae

: (: - RP)

4-7 Lithocarpus lindleyanus (Wall. ex A. DC.) A. Camus
4-7 5-6
3 2 Fagaceae
3 Quercus lindleyana Wall. ex A. DC.
15 . 13-28 .
1-2 . 6-15 .
Quercus 600 10-40 . 3-10 1.2-1.5 .
30 2-2.5 .
( , )
36

700-1500 Lithocarpus fenestratus (Roxb.) Rehder
Quercus fenestrata Roxb.
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11-17 1-2.5 .
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2-3 . 3
(
, )

900-1300 2350

Lithocarpus corneus (Lour.) Rehder
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: 11-21 0.5-4.5 .
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10-15 . 8-12 .

3-5 .
Quercus myrsinifolia Blume
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30 . 6-18 . 200
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Fagaceae
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( , )
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4 2-5 . 3-7 .
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4 (: - TW)
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Quercus oidocarpa Korth.

500-700 Fagaceae
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800-1700

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Fagaceae
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0.5-1 . 3 3-7
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12-15 1-1.7 .
15 . 3-5 . 8-15 .
900-1700 2.2-3 . 1.5-2.5 .
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4-5 ( , )
200-950

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Lithocarpus macphailii (M. R. Hend.) Barnett

Pasania macphailii M. R. Hend.
20 . 11-20 .
0.8-1.5 . 3-15 .
2.5-3 . 2-2.5 .
0.5-1.5 .
5-6
( , )

100-250
: (: - PK)

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Cheilanthes belangeri (Bory) C. Chr.
Pteridaceae
Pteris belangeri Bory, Cheilosoria belangeri (Bory) Ching & Shing
2-3 .
2-3 10-20 . 8-15 .
12-18
4 .
4-6

800
:
4-5 (: - RP) Cheilanthes Sw. Cheilanthoideae 100

12 cheilos anthos

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Castanopsis piriformis Hickel & A. Camus

Fagaceae
30 . 8-16 .
1-1.5 .
8-15 .
3 8-10 .
1-3 2-3 .
2.5-3 .
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,
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Tectaria 230 30
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: T. griffithii 1-2
1-2 (: - TP)
Tectaria griffithii (Baker) C. Chr.
Nephrodium griffithii Baker
2 .
40 . 70 .

30 . 1-2
20 .
: T. rockii 2-3
(: - TP)
1-2
2 .

600

Tectaria rockii C. Chr.

1.5 . 50 .
80 . 3-5 : 3
3 (: - PK)
2-3
50 . ,
20 . Leea D. Royen ex L.

1.5 . Vitaceae

400-1200

5
Tectaria zeilanica (Houtt.) Sledge
Ophioglossum zeilanicum Houtt., Quercifilix zeilanica (Houtt.) Copel. 5
5 . 4-8 4-6

3 10 . 4-8 . Leea Leeaceae Leeaoideae
34
3 . 7 . 11 James Lee (1715-1795)

7 .

25 . 3 5 .
2.5 . Leea indica (Burm. f.) Merr.
Staphylea indica Burm. f.
7 .
6 . 1-3 4
500 9-70 . 7-34 .
40

30 . 0.2-2 . ,
27 . 10 . Passiflora L.
0.5-1.5 . 2 .
3-4 . 1.2-2.2 . Passifloraceae
1 . 1-2 .
0.9-1 .
5
2000
L. rubra Blume L. guineensis G. Don
5-8 3-5
3-4

Leea thorelii Gagnep. Passiflora 400

1 . 3 2
1-3 . P. edulis Sims P. quadrangularis L.
3 1-3 10 .
3-10 . 12 .
8 .
1-5 . 1-1.2 . 2-3 . Passiflora foetida L.

1-2 . 6-8 .
3-13 .
2-6 .
100-400
1.5-2 .
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4 . 4-6 .
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1200

: (: - RP) Passiflora siamica Craib
8 .
5-23 .
1-4 . 2
0.3-1.5 .
1-1.5 . 2 0.7-1 . 2-5 .
2-3 . 3-5 . 4 .
5-7 . 1-2
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400-1500

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Strobocalyx (Blume ex DC.) Spach

Gymnanthemum Vernonia 7
strobe kalyx

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Torenia cordifolia Roxb.

Linderniaceae
40 .
1.5-5 .
0.2-1.7 . : 3-5
2-8 0.5-4 . 0.7-1 . 2 (: - MP)
5 1 .
1.3-2 .
0.5 . 7-8 . ( Ocimum tenuiflorum L.
, ) Lamiaceae
1 .

700-1300 0.5-4.5 . 0.5-1.5 .

10 .
Hong, D., H. Yang, C.L. Jin, M.A. Fischer, N.H. Holmgren and R.R. Mill. (1998). 2-3 . 2.5-4 .
In Flora of China Vol. 18: 39. 1-1.5 . 3-4 .
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O. gratissimum L. O. basilicum L. O.
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Vernonia arborea Buch.-Ham.
10-15 .

10-25 . 1-3.5 .

5 2-3 . 3-5
5-7 . 5
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2
2 . 8-10
2 5-7 .

: 4 1
400 4 (: cultivated - RP)
42

Eclipta L. Heliantheae 4
ekleipo
Teucrium scabrum Suddee & A. J. Paton

Lamiaceae

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1.2 . 3-5 . 4-5 . 10
4
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1 .

500-1000
Teucrium L. Ajugoideae 250
2 teukrion
Teukros Salamis
: 1-2 (: - RP)
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Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq.
Rutaceae
Jambolifera pedunculata L.
20 .
3.5-25 .
5 . 25 .
0.2-1.2 . 4
4 0.4-1.2 .
8
4
2
4 0.5-1.5 . 3-7 .
: 2

(: - PK) 2500

Acronychia J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. 48

Eclipta prostrata (L.) L. akros
Asteraceae onychos
Verbesina prostrata L., Eclipta angustata Umemoto & H. Koyama,
E. alba Hassk.
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50 .

1-5.5 .
1-2
4 . 5-7 .
1 . 8-12 2 4-6 .
3 .
20-40 2
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1.5 . 4 2
3-4 3-3.5 .
2

1000
: 4 (: - SSi; :
- PK; : - PK; : - RP)
43

1.5-6 . 1-4 .
Artocarpus elasticus Rienw. ex Blume 1 1-2 . 5
3.5 . 1-1.3 .
Moraceae 2 3 2
45 . 2
4-20 . 2 3 .
3-5 13-60 . 10 .
6-15 . 200
3.5-7.5 .
2 1 1 .
Limnophila R. Br. Scrophulariaceae 40
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2 6-17 .
2 0.8-1 .
()
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Artocarpus J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. Artocarpeae
Artocarpus Pseudojaca

45
12 2
A. altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg
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5
5 5
2 1

Fagraea Thunb. Loganiaceae 75
6
Jonas Theodorus Fragraeus (1729-1797)
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30 . 1-2 .
7-11 .
5-9 4-12 .
2-6.5 . 3-6 . 5 2-3 .
0.7-1.2 .
5-8 . 5
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2 5-8 .
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Limnophila geoffrayi Bonati

Plantaginaceae
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44

300

Afgekia mahidolae B. L. Burtt & Chermsir.
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, : ; - RP)
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, 4-6 1.5-7.5 .
2-4 . 10-15 . 1.5-3 .
Afgekia Craib 0.7-1 . 5-7 .
Fabaceae 2 .
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7-9 . 1.5 .
5
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()

1 9
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Afgekia filipes (Dunn) R. Geesink

Adinobotrys filipes Dunn
20 . 5-6 .
25-35 . 6-9 6-10 .
3-4 .
2 .
1-2.5 . 5 . 2-2.5 .

10-15 .
7-8 .
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700-1700 var. tomentosa
(Z. Wei) Y. F. Deng & H. D. Qin

Afgekia sericea Craib

15 .
1.5-2 .
15-23 . 2-5 . 4-8
4-8 . 2-4 .
1-2.5 . 1 . 3-3.5 .
1-1.5 . 5-7 .
2.5-3 .
2.5 . 7-9 . : A. sericea 1
1.5 . (: cultivated - RP)
45

,
Balanophora J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
Balanophoraceae

3-6
3-5
1

: Balanophora 15 5-6
(: cultivated - RP) balanos phoros

Cassia bakeriana Craib

Fabaceae Balanophora fungosa J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
15 .
15-40 . 5-8 10-20
2 . 12 .
5-12 . 5 . 0.7-1 . 4-5
0.9-1.2 . 3-7 . 4-5
3.5-4.5 . 3 6 .
3.5-5 . 4
2 3 1-1.5 .
4 . 1-1.5 . 30-40 . 30-40 2000
( , ) 2

300-1000
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Balanophora latisepala (Tiegh.) Lecomte

Balaniella latisepala Tiegh.
10-25 .
3-6
5-9 . 1.5-2.5 .
5 . 2 1.5-6 .
4-5 2 3-3.5 .
3-4 . 5 .
1-7 . 0.5-2 .

: 3 (:
1600 - HB)
46

Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Voigt

Euphorbiaceae
Phyllanthus virosa Roxb. ex Willd.
4 .

1.5 . 5
2-6 . 5 2 . :
(: - RP)
5
10 1.2 . ,
3 2 Radermachera Zoll. & Moritzi
3 1 .
3-5 . Bignoniaceae
1-3
700

5 2
Flueggea Willd. 14 1 2
Johannes Flgg (1775-1816) 2
2 2

Barker, C. and P.C. van Welzen. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Flueggea). In Flora of
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6
Jacobus C. M. Radermacher (1741-1783)

Radermachera ignea (Kurz) Steenis
Mayodendron igneum (Kurz) Kurz, Spathodea igneum Kurz
10-15 . 2-3 18-60 .
3-4 3-5 5-12 .

5-13 0.5-1 .
1.5-2 . 4.5-7 .
5 .
: 3
4.5 . 30-45 .
(: - RP; : - PK)
1000
Breynia repens Welzen & Pruesapan

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4-8
0.7-2 .
4 .
3 1.8 .
1.4 . 3 (
, )

400

van Welzen, P.C. and K. Pruesapan. (2011). Four new species of Breynia
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47

Santisukia pagetii (Craib) Brummitt Erycibe albida Prain
Bignoniaceae 3-10 .
Radermachera pagetii Craib, Barnettia pagetii (Craib) Santisuk 14-30 . 0.5-2 .
20 . 17-35 . 5-10 10 1.5-2 .
5-7 . 3
1-5 . 20-35 . 2.2-3.5 . 2-5 .
1.5-2 . 4.5-5.5 . 2 1.5 .
10-16 . 2.5-3 . 2 .
5 1.5 .
2.5 . ( , )

1100

200
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:
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:
, (: - PK; : - RP)
Erycibe Roxb.
Convolvulaceae

5
5
2 5
1 2 4
5 10

: 2
(: - PK)
Erycibe 75
10 erusibe

Pisonia umbellifera (J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.) Seem.
Nyctaginaceae
Pisonia excelsa Blume, Ceodes umbellifera J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
Erycibe citriniflora Griff.
25 .
5-8 . 10-30 . 1-2.5 .
8-30 . 4-12 .
0.7-1.5 . 20 1-6 . 1-3
1.5-3 . 5
3 2.5-3.5 . 7-10
2.5-4 . 0.7-1 .
1.7-2 . 2.5-4 .
1-1.5 . 10 2 . 5 1-1.5 .

400
500
48

Pisonia L. 40
2 P. aculeta L.
1 P. grandis R. Br.
Dendrophthoe incarnata (Jack) Miq.
Willem Piso (1611-1678) Loranthus incarnatus Jack

10-30 .
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4-8.5 .
5 3-8 .
3-7 .

200
,
Dendrophthoe Mart.
Loranthaceae

: 5 (

: - RP); : (: - SSi)
4 5
4 5
Scurrula ferruginea (Jack) Danser 1 5
Loranthaceae
Loranthus ferrugineus Jack Dendrophthoe 40
6 dendron phthio
3-10 .

2-5 0.5-4 . 1-3 .

0.5-1.5 . 4 Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq.
4-5 . 4 Loranthus pentandrus L.

1 . 6-14 .
0.8-1 . 4-6 . 0.5-2 . 6-12
() 1-3.5 . 1-4 . 5
1000 6-1.2 . 5 4-8 .

Scurrula L. Taxillus 2-5 .
20-40 7 0.8-1 .

1600
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49

5-8 .

1700
Lepidaria Tiegh. 8
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: (: - RP)
Notothixos malayanus Oliv.

Santalaceae
50 .

1 . 2
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1-2 2-5 .
2 . 7 : (: - SSi)
1-3 4 1 .
6-8 .
6 . Tolypanthus pustulatus Barlow
Loranthaceae
Gluta usitata (Wall.) Ding Hou
600 50 .
9-11 . 1 .
Notothixos Oliv. Viscaceae 8
notos 6-8 1.5-2 .
ixos 4-6 5
2 . 5
1 .
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5
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:
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Lepidaria kingii (Scort. ex King) Danser

Loranthaceae
Loranthus kingii Scort. ex King
9-20 .
1-3 .
6-10
3-8.5 .
1.5-3 . 4-9 . : 6-8
6 3-6 . 6 (: - RP)
50

Helixanthera cylindrica (Jack) Danser 1300
Loranthaceae
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25 5-25 .
2.5 .
5 1.5-4 . 5

0.5-1.2 . 5-8 .

1300
Helixanthera Lour. 35
8 helix anthera
: 8
4 4 (: - RP)

Begonia cathcartii Hook. f.
Begoniaceae
1 .

1 . 6-20 .
25 .
10-25 . 6-8 2
2 . 1-2 . 4 1-2 .
: 5 (: - RP) 1.5-2 . 5
0.5-1.5 . 2
, 2 .
Phyllagathis Blume 1.5-1.7 . 3-4 . ( , )
Melastomataceae
1800-2300

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4 4 6 .
1 . 3-5 6.5 . 1-3
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25 .
12 . 3-5 .
200-350 . 1.5 .
3 .
5-6 .
0.8-1.2 . 4-7
Phyllagathis tuberosa (C. Hansen) Cellin. & S. S. Renner 5-8 . 1-3 1-1.5 .
Tylanthera tuberosa C. Hansen 1 . ( , )

1-3 2-5 . 300
2 1-3 .
2-7 . 3-7 2
1-2 . 4 . Artabotrys uniflorus Craib
3.5 . 4
1.5 . ( , )

15 .
2-5 .
300-700 5-8 . 4-6 .

6-7 .
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: (: - MP)
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Rhododendron veitchianum Hook.
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Ericaceae
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3 . (
, )

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: 6 2
(: cultivated - PK)
,
Tristaniopsis Brongn. & Griseb.
Myrtaceae

: 10 1
(: - RP) 5

, 5
Artabotrys R. Br. 1
Annonaceae 3
1 Tristaniopsis 40
(torus) 2
3 6 2 Tristania

2

1-2 Tristaniopsis burmanica (Griff.) Peter G. Wilson & J. T. Waterh. var.
rufescens (Hance) J. Parn. & NicLugh.
Artabotrys Annonoideae 100 Tristania burmanica Griff. var. rufescens (Hance) Gagnep.
20
10 .
artane artao botrys
3-10 . 10-20 1 .

0.5-1.5 .
2-4 . 3-4 .
1 . 1.5-2.5 .
Artabotrys hexapetalus (L. f.) Bhandari 5 4-9
Annona hexapetala L. f. 2.5 . 1 .
10 . 2-4 . 5 . 4 .
6-25 .
1-2
1.5-2 . 5-8 . 1300 var. burmanica

3-4.5 .
3 7-15
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53

: 1
(: - RP)
: (: cultivated;
Dialium indum L. - RP; - PK)
Fabaceae

20-25 . Etlingera corneri Mood & Ibrahim
10-20 . 2-4
7-10 . 3-4 . 10-11
8-10 4-5 . 15-65 . 1-4 .
15 . 3-4 . 5 1-1.5 . 7-9 .
5-6 . 2 7.5 . 90 .
4-5 . 6.5-8.5 .
2-3 . 3.5-7.5 . 3.5 .
1-1.5 . 4 . 2-2.5 . 1.6-2.5 .
10 .
3.5-4 .

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1.8-2 . 1 . 1-1.5 . 3-6
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3
3
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Gagnepainia harmandii (Baill.) K. Schum. 1550
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56

Byttneria pilosa Roxb.

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3 1.5 . 3
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Dialium coromandelinum Houtt.

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4 1.5-2 . Rhododendron moulmainense Hook.
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8 4 1-1.5 . 1-5 1-2 .
1 4 4-5.5 .
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Rhododendron ludwigianum Hosseus, R. lyi H. Lv. dendron
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10 . 20-30 1.5-2 .
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1000
:
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Cyathea chinensis Copel.
Blechnum orientale L. Alsophila costularis Baker
Blechnaceae 5 . 3
1.5-2 . 1 . 2 . 45-50 .
3.5 . 15
25-150 . 12-80 . 13 . 50 . 30
0.5-2.5 . 35 . 1-2 . 6-10 .
7 .
2

1300
1200
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Cyathea Sm. 500

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Alsophila latebrosa Wall. ex Hook.
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61

Davallia repens (L. f.) Kuhn

Davalliaceae
Adiantum repens L. f., Humata repens (L. f.) Diels, H. vestita
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1.5-2 .
2 3
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15 . :
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1 . (
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Bolbitis Schott Aspleniaceae Lomariopsidaceae
80
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Nephrolepis radicans (Burm. f.) Kuhn
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Selliguea oxyloba (Wall. ex Kunze) Fraser-Jenk.

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5 . 3-8 25 .
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3-4 .

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Selliguea hirsuta (Tagawa & K. Iwats.) S. Linds.

Crypsinus hirsutus Tagawa & K. Iwats.
3-4 . 4 .
21 . 24 .
2-3 . 12 . 20 .
12 .

: 2
3 . (: - TP)

1000-1800 Clerodendrum quadriloculare (Blanco) Merr.
Lamiaceae
Ligustrum quadriloculare Blanco
Selliguea rhynchophylla (Hook.) Fraser-Jenk. 2-5 . 15-20 .
Polypodium rhynchophyllum Hook., Crypsinus rhynchophyllus
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Oleandra Davalliaceae
15-20
Parashorea densiflora Slooten & Symington subsp. kerrii (Tardieu) 4 Nerium
Pooma oleander L.
Dipterocarpaceae
Parashorea kerrii Tardieu
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Aspidium musifolium Blume
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5-18 . 4-5 .
10-12 1-1.5 . 3-7 . 2-4
10-30 . 2-3 . 12-80 . 5-8.5 .
4 . 5 2 .
15 3 4 3 .
2 .
2 .
2.5-3 . 5-7 .
()
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P. kerrii Tardieu P. buchananii
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P. dussaudii Tardieu Oleandra undulata (Willd.) Ching
P. densiflora Slooten Polypodium undulatum Willd.
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6-7 .
Parashorea Kurz Shoreae 15-30 .
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4 .
14 .
600 0.3-2 .
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Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack
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3

Codonoboea Didymocarpus sect. Codonoboea
Henckelia
Didymocarpus Loxocarpus 2
120
14
kodon Boea
:
(: cultivated, : , : , : ; - RP)

Codonoboea hispida (Ridl.) Kiew
Didymocarpus hispidus Ridl., Henckelia hispida (Ridl.) A. Weber
Guaiacum officinale L. 30-50 .
Zygophyllaceae 3.5-11 . 7-12
15 . 0.5-1 . 0.5-2 . 1-3 7.5 . 5-8 .
2-3 3-8 . 2.5-3 .
3-4 5 2
5 1-2 . 1.3-1.8 . 3.5 .
10 2-5
1 1.5-2 . 2 1300-1400
1-2

2 CITES Codonoboea appressipilosa (B. L. Burtt) D. J. Middleton
Lignum vitae Henckelia appressipilosa B. L. Burtt
wood of life 30 .
12-18 .
25-30
67

1-3 1-3 2.5-4 . 8 . 5-16 .

5-6 . 4.7-5 . 9-16 1-2 . 1-5
2 2-4 6-8.5 . 2-3 .
3.8 . 2.5-3 .
2 .
1.3-1.8 .
2.5-3.5 .

Codonoboea reptans (Jack) C. L. Lim 200-300
Didymocarpus reptans Jack, Henckelia reptans (Jack) Spreng.

10-30 .
3-10 . Codonoboea inaequalis (Ridl.) Kiew
8-10 1-2 . 1-3 Didymocarpus inaequalis Ridl., Henckelia inaequalis (Ridl.) A. Weber
3.5-4.5 . 5-8 . 4-5 . 10-50 .
2 .
2 2.5-8 . 6-12 0.5-2 .
1.2-1.3 . 3-3.5 . 2-4 2-3 . 0.3-1 .
3-4 . 4.5-5 .
100-800 var.
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3-5 .

500-900
Codonoboea filicalyx (B. L. Burtt) D. J. Middleton
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3 . 7-8 .
3.5-4.5 .
2 3-3.5 .
2-3 .

300-1100
Codonoboea pumila (Ridl.) C. L. Lim

Didymocarpus pumilus Ridl., Henckelia nana (Ridl.) A. Weber : C. hispida 1-3 2
(: - MP); : C. appressipilosa
2 (: - MP)

4.5-7.5 .
6-10 1-4.5 .
4-6.5 . 3-5 . 1.2-3 .
2 . 1-1.5 .
1.3-2.5 .

1400-1500
Codonoboea kolokensis (B. L. Burtt) D. J. Middleton

Henckelia kolokensis B. L. Burtt
20-60 .
: 1-3 2
(: - MP)
68

Theobroma L. 20
theos broma
cacao Nahuatl
(Aztec) xocol

Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Theobroma cacao (cocoa tree). http://www.kew.
org/plants-fungi/Theobroma-cacao.htm
: (: - MP)
: 3-5 10
(: cultivated - RP)

Marcania grandiflora J. B. Imlay
Acanthaceae
: (: - MP) 2 .
6-15 .
1-3.5 . 1 2
4 .
1-2 3-5 . 5
1.5-2.5 .
2-5 .
2 6 . 3
1 . 2

: (:
3.5 . 2
- MP) 3 . 4 6-7 .

100
Marcania J. B. Imlay
.. 1919-1931 Alexander
Marcan (1883-1953)

:
2 (: - MP)
Imlay, J.B. (1939). Contributions to the Flora of Siam. Bulletin of Miscellaneous
Information Kew 1939: 136-137.
Theobroma cacao L.
Sterculiaceae
10 .
10-35 . 1-2 .
3-5
1-2 . 5
5 10
5
12-30 . 10
5

(Cocoa Butter) : 1-2

theobromine (: - RP)
69

Cuatrecasas, J. (1958). The Colombian species of Juanulloa. Brittonia 10(3):
Guettarda speciosa L. 146-147.
Rubiaceae
10 .
1 .
10-25 .
1.5-4 .
5-10 .
1.5-3 . 6-9 4-8 .
6-9 4-9
1
1.5-2.5 . : (: cultivated - RP)
3.5-10 . 49

Aeschynanthus superbus C. B. Clarke

50 Gesneriaceae
8-22 .
Guettarda L. 80 0.5-1.8 . 1-4 . 5-15
Jean-tienne Guettard 4-6 . 0.8-1.3 .
(1715-1786) 1.4-4 . 5.5-8.5 .

1.1-2 . 5-8 .
Chen, T. and C.M. Taylor. (2011). Rubiaceae (Guettarda). In Flora of China 1-2 . 1-1.6 .
Vol. 19: 145. 3.7-4 . 0.6-1.8 . 32-50 .
Wong, K.M. (1988). The Antirheoideae (Rubiaceae) of the Malay Peninsula. 4-8 . ( , )
Kew Bulletin 43: 496.

900-1700

Aeschynanthus pulcher (Blume) G. Don
Aeschynanthus parvifolius R. Br., Trichosporum pulchrum Blume
1-6 . 2-6 .
1 . 1-4
3-6 . 1-3 . 1-5 .
4-6.5 . 0.5-1.2 .
2-4 . 0.6-1.2 .
3-4.5 . 1.5 . 20-40 .
6-9 . ( , )
:
(: - RP)
2000
Juanulloa mexicana (Schltdl.) Miers
Middleton, D.J. (2007). A revision of Aeschynanthus (Gesneriaceae) in Thailand.
Solanaceae Edinburgh Journal of Botany 64(3): 412-414, 422.
Laureria mexicana Schltdl., Juanulloa aurantiaca Otto & A. Dietr.

7-15 .
1.5-3 . 4-15 .
1 .
3-5 . 5
5-6 . 5 5 .
5
2.5-3 . 1-1.2 .

Juanulloa Ruiz & Pav. 10
Jorge Juan y Santacilla (1713-1773) : (: - RP)
70

5 3-4 .
10 2
3 1-2
3
0.8-1 . 6-8 .

Erythroxylum P. Browne 230
3 E. no-
vogranatense (D. Morris) Hieron. 1
E. coca Lam.
: 1-4 (: - MP)
crystalline tropane alkaloid cocaine
2
.. 2522

Aristolochia ringens Vahl
erythros xylon
Aristolochiaceae

2 1.5-2.5 . 0.6-1.5 . Chung, R.C.K. and M. Brink. (1999). In Plant Resources of South-East Asia
5-6 . 6-7 . 12(1) Medicinal and Poisonous Plants 1: Backhuys Publishers, Leiden.
3-8 . 2-3 Harwood, B. and K. Chayamarit. (2011). Erythroxylaceae. In Flora of Thailand
5-7 . Vol. 11(1): 8-13.
6-8 . 4.5-6 .
9-15 .
5-7.5 . 1-1.2 . (
, )

5
A. gigantea Mart. A. labiata Willd. A. littoralis : (: - SSi)
Parodi A. macrophylla
Lam.

Phuphathanaphong, L. (1987). Aristolochiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(1): 13.
: E. novogranatense 1 (: cultivated - RP)

Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm.
Urticaceae
Parietaria microphylla L.

2-7 .
1-4 .
: 15 6 .
(: cultivated - RP); (: cultivated - RP); (: cultivated - RP) 3-4 3-4
3
0.4-0.5 .
Erythroxylum cuneatum (Miq.) Kurz
Erythroxylaceae 1000
Urostigma cuneatum Miq.
30 . 6 . Pilea Lindl. 400
4-10 . 10 P.
3-7 . 2 nummulariifolia (Sw.) Wedd. P.
0.3-1 . 5 cadierei Gagnep. & Guillaumin
71

pileus pilleus pilos

Tinomiscium petiolare Hook. f. & Thomson
Menispermaceae
Chen, J., and A.K. Monro. (2003). Urticaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 5: 119.

10-30 .
1-2
6-20 .
5-35 . 2.5-5 . 9
3 4-5 . 6
2.5-3.5 . 6
3
3
4 . (carpophore)
2-2.5 .

: (: - RP); :
1300
(: cultivated - RP); : (: cultivated - RP)
Tinomiscium Miers ex Hook. f. & Thomson
7 tinus
Mahonia duclouxiana Gagnep. mischos
Berberidaceae
Mahonia siamensis Takeda ex Craib Forman, L.L. (1991). Menispermaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(3): 303-306.
Hu, Q., X. Luo, T. Chen and M.G. Gilbert. (2008). Menispermaceae. In Flora of
4 . 20-70 . 4-9 China Vol. 7: 6.
4-15 .
1-3 .
30 .
2-3.5 . 3-6 . 3-7 .
9 3
8 . 6 5-8 . 6
3.5-5.5 .
2-3 . 5-8 . 4-7

1000-2200 : 3
(: - MB)
Mahonia Nutt. Berberidoideae 60

Bernard MMahon (1775-1816) Lysiphyllum strychnifolium (Craib) A. Schmitz
Fabaceae
Ahrendt, L.W.A. (1961). Berberis and Mahonia a taxonomic revision. Journal of Bauhinia strychnifolia Craib
the Linnean Society, Botany. London 57: 322.
Ying, J., D.E. Boufford and A.R. Brach. (2011). Berberidaceae. In Flora of China 5 . 4-15 .
Vol. 19: 775. 3-5
2-3.5 .
1 . 1 .
0.5-1 .
1.2-1.5 . 3
7
7 . 15-16 .
8-9 ( , )

300

Tiliacora triandra (Colebr.) Diels

Larsen, K. and S.S. Larsen. (1984). Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae. In Flora of
: Thailand Vol. 4(1): 24.
(: ; - SSi, - NP)
72

3-5 .
2-7
5 5
2
1 .

Pluchea Cass. Inuleae 80
3
: Nol-Antoine Pluche (1688-1761)
(: - RP)

Chen, Y. and A.A. Anderberg. (2011). Asteraceae (tribe Inuleae). In Flora of
Ipomoea pes-tigridis L. China Vol. 20-21: 847-848.
Convolvulaceae

5-9 13 .
2-8 .
4-11 . 2-2.5 .
1-1.4 .
3-4 .
7 . 4 4 . (
, ) :
(: - RP)
,
300
Streblus Lour.
Moraceae

Staples, W.G. (2010). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 10(3): 421-422.

3-5 4
2

Streblus 22 6
strebula
streblos

: (: - PK;
: - RP)
Streblus asper Lour.
15 . 3-5 .
13 .
Pluchea indica (L.) Less. 4-8 1-5 .
Asteraceae 0.5-1 . 1.5 . 2 .
Baccharis indica L. 2 .
5-8 . 1.2 .
2 . 6-8 .
2-9 .

10 .
5-6 . 6-7 700
73

Streblus taxoides (Heyne ex Roth) Kurz

Trophis taxoides Heyne ex Roth
5 . 1.5 .
2-5 . 2-18 .
6-12 1-6 .
1-4 4-8 .
1.5 . 2 .
2-5 . : (: - RP); :
2 . 0.5-3 . 0.5-1 . (: - SSi)

300
Streblus macrophyllus Blume

12 . 5 . 1 .
6-22 .
6-10 2-8 . : 1-2 (:
1.5-14 . 2-4 . 1-1.2 . - PK)
2 . 1-10
0.2-1 . 1-2 .
0.7-1 . 1.5-3 . 1-1.5 . Suregada multiflora (A. Juss.) Baill.
Euphorbiaceae
Gelonium multiflorum A. Juss.
15 .
12-15 .
1 . 4-6 .
Streblus ilicifolius (Vidal) Corner 5 3-4 .
Taxotrophis ilicifolius Vidal

3 1
20 . 1-4.5 . 3-8 . 2
4-25 . 2.5-3.5 . 3
8-12 0.2-1 .
1-2 1-5 .
1 . 2-2.5 . 500
1.5 . 1-3 2-8 .
1-2 . 1 . Suregada Roxb. ex Rottler Crotonoideae
2-3.5 . 1 . 30
soora gade

500 Chantharaprasong, J. (2007). Euphorbiaceae (Suregada). In Flora of Thailand
Vol. 8(2): 564-566.

Berg, C.C., N. Pattharahirantricin and B. Chantarasuwan. (2011). Moraceae. In
Wu, Z., Z.K. Zhou and M.G. Gilbert. (2003). Moraceae. In Flora of China Vol.
5: 28-30.
: 2 : 3 (:
(: - SSi; : - PK) - SSi; : - PK)
74

Embelia tsjeriam-cottam (Roem. & Schult.) A. DC.

Primulaceae
Ardisia tsjeriam-cottam Roem. & Schult., Embelia villosa Wall.
5 .

6-15 . 0.5-1.5 .
1-3 4-13 .
1-7 .
1.5-2 . 4-5
4-5
2.5 . 4-5
:
5 (: - RP)

4 .
Miliusa velutina (Dunal) Hook. f. & Thomson
Annonaceae
1300 Uvaria velutina Dunal, U. villosa Roxb.
Embelia Burm. f. Myrsinaceae 140 20 .
13 8-30 .
aembelia 2-7 .
3-6 2.5 .
5-10 . 3
Larsen, K. and C.M. Hu. (1996). Myrsinaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(2): 2-8 . 6
157-158.
1-1.8 .

1.5-2 . 5-8 . 1-2

500
Miliusa Lesch. ex A. DC. Malmeoideae Miliuseae
50
: 1-3
(: - PK) 20 Josephus
Mylius Joannes Mylius

Tristaniopsis merguensis (Griff.) Peter G. Wilson & J. T. Waterh. Chaowasku, T. and P.J.A. Keler. (2013). Phylogeny of Miliusa (Magnoliales:
Myrtaceae Annonaceae: Malmeoideae: Miliuseae), with descriptions of two new species
from Malesia. European Journal of Taxonomy 54: 1-21.
Tristania merguensis Griff. ________. (2013). Seven new species of Miliusa (Annonaceae) from Thailand.
15 . Nordic Journal of Botany 31(6): 680-699.
Li, B. and M.G. Gilbert. (2011). Annonaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 19: 680.
3-10 .
2-3 .
10 . 4 .
2.5 . 1 .
2 .
5 5-15
1-2.5 .
2 . 1-1.2 . ( , )

1500

Ashton, P.S. (2005). New Tristaniopsis Peter G. Wilson & J. T. Waterh. (Myrtaceae)
from Borneo. Gardens Bulletin Singapore 57(2): 271-273.
Parnell, J. and P. Chantaranothai. (2002). Myrtaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. :
7(4): 913-914. (: - RP; : - PK)
75

Chaveerach, A., P. Mokkamul, R. Sudmoon and T. Tanee. (2008). A new species
Hedychium coccineum Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. of Alpinia Roxb. (Zingiberaceae) from northeastern Thailand. Taiwania,
Zingiberaceae 53(1): 1-5.
1-2 . 2 .
30-45 .
20-25 . 5-6
3.5-4 . 2-2.5 . 3
1.5 . 4-5 .
2.5 . 2.5 .
1.5-2 . 1 .
4 . 5-6 . 7-8 .
2 . (
, ) :
(: - MP)

1000-1600 ,
Homalium Jacq.

Sabu, M. (2006). Zingiberaceae and Costaceae of south India. Kerala, India. Salicaceae
Indian Association for Angiosperm Taxonomy, Calicut University.
5-12

2-8 2-8
2-8
Homalium Flacourtiaceae
Salicoideae 150 12
homalos

Homalium tomentosum (Vent.) Benth.
:
(: - PK)
Blakwellia tomentosa Vent.
40 .
10-25 .
Alpinia macrostaminodia Chaveer. & Sudmoon 5 .
Zingiberaceae 10-35 . 2-5
5-6
1.8 . 5-6 . 1.5 .
5-10 16-28 . 5-6 2-3

1 .
12-30 . 5-15 .
1-1.8 . 2-3 100-350
0.7-1 . 1 . 3
1.3-1.5 . Harwood, B. (2015). Salicaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 13(1): 37-49.
Sleumer, H. (1985). The Flacourtiaceae of Thailand. Blumea 30: 220-221.
1.5 .

1 . 1 .

200-300
Alpinia Roxb. Alpinioideae 200
18
A. galanga (L.) Willd.
Prospero Alpino : (:
(1553-1617) - RP)
76

3
Pterospermum semisagittatum Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb. 5-7 .
Sterculiaceae
1000-1500 var. crinita W. T. Wang
15 .
16-25 . P. heterophylla B. L. Burtt
6-7 1
5 . 4-8 .
4.5-6 .
3 . 4.5-5 .
5 . Burtt, B.L. (2001). Flora of Thailand: annotated checklist of Gesneriaceae. Thai
6-8 . 2.5-3 . ( Forest Bulletin (Botany) 29: 105-106.
Wang, W., K.Y. Pan, Z.Y. Li, A.L. Weitzman and L.E. Skog. (1998). Gesneriaceae.
, ) In Flora of China Vol. 18: 302, 308.

900

:
(: - RP)
: 1 (: - SSi)
: P. heterophylla (:
- PK)
,
Petrocosmea Oliv.
Gesneriaceae Serissa japonica (Thunb.) Thunb.
Rubiaceae
2 5 Lycium japonicum Thunb., Serissa foetida (L. f.) Lam.
3 1 .
2 3 2.2 .
2 2-4 2 .

2 4-6 1-5 .
4-8 .
Petrocosmea 32 6
2.5-3 . 4-6
petros kosmos
2

1 2
2-3 . 2

Petrocosmea kerrii Craib
Paederia Leptodermis Paederieae

17 . Serissa Comm. ex Juss. 2
13 . 7
10 . 2 .
1-2 . 3 3-5 .
1.5-2 . Chen, T. and C.M. Taylor. (2011). Rubiaceae (Serissa). In Flora of China Vol.
19: 323-324.
4-5 . Puff, C. and V. Chamchumroon. (2003). Non-indigenous Rubiaceae grown in
6 . 3 8 . Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 31: 87.
77

Somrania albiflora D. J. Middleton
Gesneriaceae
20 .

1.8-16.5 .
3.5-14 .
1-3 5-13.5 . 2.5-5 .
: 5.5-7.5 . 5 4 .
(: cultivated - RP) 0.9-1 .
2 4.5 . 3
3.5 . 2
Pterocephalodes siamensis (Craib) V. Mayer & Ehrend. 4 . 3
Caprifoliaceae 2 1.1 .
Scabiosa siamensis Craib, Pterocephalus siamensis (Craib) Verlaque 0.7-1.1 .
10-50 .
3-5 550
3-13 .
Somrania D. J. Middleton 3 2
3-4 .
S. lineata D. J. Middleton & Triboun
5-20 . 2-3 1-2 . 2 S. flavida D. J. Middleton
1 . 15 & Triboun
7.5 . 1-1.2 . .
1 3 3.5 .
4
Middleton, D.J. and P. Triboun. (2012). Somrania, a new genus of Gesneriaceae
from Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 40: 9-13.
________. (2013). A new species of Somrania (Gesneriaceae) from Thailand.
Gardens Bulletin Singapore 65(2): 181-184.
900-2200
Scabiosa 5
Pterocephalodes hookeri (C. B. Clarke) V. Mayer & Ehrend.
Pterocephalus hookeri (C. B. Clarke)
E. Pritz. 20
Pterocephalodes V. Mayer & Ehrend.
Dipsaceae Dipsacoideae
Pterocephalus 3
Pterocephalus : S. albiflora
(: - RP)

Hong, D., L. Ma and F.R. Barrie. (2011). In Flora of China Vol. 19: 655.
Mayer, V. and F. Ehrendorfer. (2000). Fruit differentiation, palynology, and
systematics in Pterocephalus Adanson and Pterocephalodes, gen. nov.
(Dipsacaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 132(1): 47-78.
: S. lineata 2 (: - TP)
,
Zingiber Mill.
Zingiberaceae

3
3
3
: 3-5 3
(: - PK) 3
78

Zingiber 100
60 Z. officinale Roscoe
Z. montanum (J. Koenig) Link ex A. Dietr. Z. zerumbet (L.) Roscoe
ex Sm. Z. ottensii Valeton 3

zingiberis
Zingiber newmanii Theilade & Mood

: (: cultivated - JM)
3 .
1 . 2 40-50 .
3 . 5-15 .
10-16 . 5 .
3 . 3.3. .
2 . 1.8 .
1.3 .
7 .

150-400 : (: cultivated - JM); :
(: cultivated - JM)
Zingiber larsenii Theilade

1 . 1 .
2 25-30 .
5 .
5-15 . 6-7 .
3.2 .
2.7 . 1.8 .
7.5 . 3 .
2 . 2 . 3
8 .

1400-1700 : (: cultivated - JM)
Prof. Kai Larsen
(1926-2012)
Zingiber olivaceum Mood & Theilade

2 .
1 . 25-30 .
3 . 45-60 .
10-18
3.5-4 .
3.5 . 3 .
3 .
2 .
7 . : 3 (: - PK)

500

Theilade, I. (1999). A synopsis of the genus Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand.
Nordic Journal of Botany 19(4): 389-410.
Theilade, I. and J. Mood. (2002). New gingers from SE Asia. New Plantsman n.s.
Vol. 1: 18-19.
Triboun, P., K. Larsen and P. Chantaranothai. (2014). A key to the genus
Zingiber (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand with descriptions of 10 new taxa. Thai
Journal of Botany 6(1): 53-77 : (: - JM)
79

,
Trichosanthes L.
1700 var. roseipulpa W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes
Cucurbitaceae
(probract)
3-5
Trichosanthes inthanonensis Duyfjes & Pruesapan
5
3 25 . 2-5
3 3-8 .
3 3-5 12-24 . 5-9 .
3-5 6-8 .
3-6.5 . 1.3-1.6 .

Trichosanthes 100

18
1300-1700
trichos anthos

Trichosanthes pubera Blume subsp. rubriflos (Cayla) Duyfjes &
Trichosanthes tricuspidata Lour.
Pruesapan
20 . 2-3 Trichosanthes rubriflos Cayla
1 . 7-15 . 3-5
3-7.5 . 7-16 . 1.5-4 . 20 .
3-5 . 3-5 . 2-3
1-1.5 1-5 . 3-5 3-15 .
1.5 . 2 . 0.5-1 . 5-11 . 22 .
6-7 . 2.5-4.5 .
2-6 . 2-5.5 .
0.7-2.3 2-3 .
1200 subsp. javanica Duyfjes 1 . 1 . 5-8 .
& Pruesapan var. flavofila
W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes

1700 var. fissisepala
Duyfjes & Pruesapan subsp. pubera

Trichosanthes quinquangulata A. Gray

20 . 2-5 de Wilde, W.J.J.O. and B.E.E. Duyfjes. (2008). Cucurbitaceae. In Flora of
0.8-1.5 . 8-20 . Thailand Vol. 9(4): 514-540.
3-5 2.5-10 .
10-30 . 1.5-2.5 .
0.2-1 . 3-5 .
1-1.5 . 2 .
1-1.5 . 0.5-2 . 5-7 .

1000

: 3-5 (: - RP; : - PK)
Trichosanthes pilosa Lour.

10 .
2-3 3-5
10-25 . 3-7 .
10-25 . 0.6-2 .
0.3-2.5 . 1.5-4.5 .
1.5
1 . 0.7-1.7 .
: (: - RP); :
1 . 4-6 . (: - RP)
80

: T. inthanonensis 3-5 (:
- BD) : 3 ( :
- RP; : - TP; : - RP, : - BD)

Urena lobata L.
Malvaceae
1 .

4-7 . 3
5 6 .
5
5 1.5 .
1.5 .
10 5
1 .
: T. pubera subsp. rubriflos
(: - PK)

Diplocyclos palmatus (L.) C. Jeffrey Pavonia Triumfetta
Cucurbitaceae
Bryonia palmata L. Urena L. Malvoideae Hibisceae 10
2-7 . 2 4 Malabar
10-20 . 2-5 . 3-7
4-16 . Tang, Y., M.G. Gilbert and L.J. Dorr. (2007). Malvaceae. In Flora of China Vol.
2-7 . 12: 281.
10 1-5
2 . 1-5 . 2-4 .
5 2 . 5 2 .
3-5 . 3 2 2 1

3 1-3 .
1.5-2.5 . 12
5-8 .

:
10 (: - SSi; : - RP)
1600

Schoepfia fragrans Wall.
Diplocyclos (Endl.) T. Post & Kuntze 5 Schoepfiaceae
diplos 10 . 3-14 .
kyklos
4-7 . 2-3.5 . 5-10
de Wilde, W.J.J.O. and B.E.E. Duyfjes. (2008). Cucurbitaceae. In Flora of 5-6 .
Thailand Vol. 9(4): 432-435. 3
81

0.5-1 . 4-5 3-4 .

4-5 Senna fruticosa (Mill.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby
3 1 3 Cassia fruticosa Mill.
2
3 0.7-1 . 4 . 2
1-2.5 . 2-5 .
4-15 .
3-5 .
300-2000 1 . 2-3 .
Schoepfia Schreb. Olacaceae 30 3 3-4 . 4
2 S. jasminodora 0.7-1 . 2-3
Siebold & Zucc. 15-25 . 1 .
Johann David Schoepf (1752-1800)

Qiu, H. and M.G. Gilbert. (2003). Olacaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 5: 202-203.
Senna timoriensis (DC.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby
Cassia timoriensis DC.
10 . 1.5-2 .
10-20 20-30 . 1-2 .
2-6 .
10-30 .
2.5 . 1-3 .
0.7-1.5 . 1.5-2 .
2 2-4 . 0.8-1 .
: 5 3
4-5 (: - MP)
8-16 . 10-30
,
Senna Mill.
Fabaceae 1000

5 Senna spectabilis (DC.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby
Cassia spectabilis DC.
2
1 15 .
10-15 10-35 .
3-7 .
Senna Caesalpinioideae Cassia 20-30 . 90 . 4-5 .
2-3 . 5-7 . 3
(enantiostylous) 260 2-2.5 .
3 15 7 2-3 . 3
sana 18-25 . 50-70

Senna siamea (Lam.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby Chen, D., D. Zhang and K. Larsen. (2010). Fabaceae (Cassieae). In Flora of
China Vol. 10: 28-31.
Cassia siamea Lam. Larsen, K., S.S. Larsen and J.E. Vidal. (1984). Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae.
20 . 7-15 In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(1): 102-123.
10-35 . 3-7 .

1 . 2-3 .
5 . 3 9 . 1.5-2 .
2 1 . 6-7 .
5 2-4 . 5-6 . 3
20-30 . 20-30

:
(: cultivated - RP)
82

,
Helicteres L.
Malvaceae

5
2 3
10
5 5
5
Helicteres Sterculiaceae
Helicteroideae 8-10 Durio Reevesia
: (: cultivated - RP); : 40 7
(: cultivated - RP)
heliktos

Helicteres angustifolia L.
1-3 .
3-15 .
1
0.3-1.5 .
6 . 0.5-1 .
: 1-3 . 5
7 (: cultivated; - RP, : - PK)

1300
Phyllanthus mirabilis Mll. Arg.
Phyllanthaceae
12 . Helicteres elongata Wall. ex Bojer
6.5-13 . 1-2 . 5-15 .
(orthotropic shoot)
2 . 1-2 0.5-1 .
1-2 . 5 .
5 3 . 5
6 0.8-1 .
2-3 . 6 4-5.5 . 6 2-3 . 5
6 1 . 3 1 .
( , )

1300
1000

Chantaranothai, P. (2007). Euphorbiaceae (Phyllanthus). In Flora of Thailand Helicteres lanata (Teijsm. & Binn.) Kurz
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Oudemansia lanata Teijsm. & Binn.
1-2 . 2.5-10 .
1
1 .

0.8-1 .

5 1-2 .

100-300

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83

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Terminalia nigrovenulosa Pierre
Combretaceae
Terminalia triptera Stapf
5-25 .
6-10 .
1-3 . 3-6 3-6 .
2.5-5 . 4-5
: H. elongata 1-1.5 . 1 . 5
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1-2 . 10
2.5-3 . 3
1.5-3.3 . ( , )

1000

Chen, J. and N.J. Turland. (2007). Combretaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 13: 311.
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Commicarpus chinensis (L.) Heimerl

Nyctaginaceae
Valeriana chinensis L., Boerhavia chinensis (L.) Rottb.
1 .
2-5 . 3-6 .
1-3 . : 3 (: ,
2-5 . 3-8 0.3-1.2 . : ; - RP)
5 6-8 .
2-4 1 .
6-8 . Nageia wallichiana (C. Presl) Kuntze
Podocarpaceae
Podocarpus wallichianus C. Presl
500 30-50 .
10-18 .
Commicarpus Standl. Boerhavia
0.5-1 .

1-7 1 .
2-3 .
25
2 . 1-2
commis kommi
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karpos
1.5-1.8 .

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84

Nageia Gaertn. Podocarpus ,

5-7
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N. motleyi (Parl.) de Laub.
Nagi

4
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Ixora Ixoroideae
300 30
I. coccinea L.
I. findlaysoniana Wall. & G. Don
Iswari ()

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2 (: - PK) Forest Herbarium. Bangkok.
Styphelia malayana (Jack) Spreng.

Ericaceae
Leucopogon malayanus Jack
5 . 2.5-6 .

3-7
5 3-4 .
5 2 .
5 1-2 .
5 5
1 2 .
5 . 5 : I. coccinea cultivar group 4 4
(: cultivated - RP)

1500 var. novoguineensis Sleumer Daphne sureil W. W. Sm. & Cave
Thymelaeaceae
Styphelia Sm. Epacridaceae
Styphelioideae 130 4 . 5-14 .
styphelos 0.5-1 .
0.8-1 .
5-14 1-2 .
1-1.5 . 4 5-8 .
Larsen, K. (1987). Epacridaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(1): 70-71.
Sleumer, H. (1964). Epacridaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 6: 426-428. 8 2

1-2 . 1
0.8-1.5 .

1200-2200
Daphne L. 95
Eriosolena Wikstroemia

D. composita (L. f.) Gilg Eriosolena composita
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85

1-4.5 .
Peterson, B. (1997). Thymelaeaceae (Daphne). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(3): 1 .
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1000

Chamchumroon, V. (2006). A checklist of the genus Ixora L. (Rubiaceae) in
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Eriosolena composita (L. f.) Tiegh.

Thymelaeaceae
Scopolia composita L. f., Daphne composita (L. f.) Gilg
10 .
14 . 2-5 .
2-5 .
2-4 0.8-1 . 6-14
0.6-1.2 . 4
2-4 . 8
2
1
0.8-1.5 . : 4
2
(: - PK)
2000

Eriosolena Blume 2
Daphne
Rondeletia odorata Jacq.
erio sole Rubiaceae
Rondeletia coccinea Moc. & Sess ex DC., R. speciosa Lodd.
2-3 .
Peterson, B. (1997). Thymelaeaceae (Daphne composita). In Flora of Thailand 4-5 .
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1.5-5 . 3-4 . 5
4-5 . 1-2 .
5 4-5 . 5
2
2 3-4 .

: (: - RP; :
Panama rose
- SSi)
Rondeletia L. 160
Gulaume
Rondelet (1507-1566)
Ixora javanica (Blume) DC.
Rubiaceae
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86

Hydrophylax L. f. hydro
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Ixora phuluangensis Chamch.

Rubiaceae
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8.5-12 . 4-6 .

: 4
3 2-4 . 2-3 . (: - RP)
2-4 . 1.5-2.5 .
5-6 . 5-7 .
3-5 . 7-8 . Ixora dolichophylla K. Schum.
( , )
Rubiaceae

1400-1800 I. cibdela Craib 1-2 .
10-20 . 0.8-1.2 .
4 .
2-3 . 2-6 .
Chamchumroon, V., C. Puff and S. Vajrodaya. (2005). A new species of and 2.3-2.5 . 5-6 . 4 .
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Craib, W.G. (1934). Rubiaceae. Florae Siamensis Enumeratio Vol. 2(2): 155.
:
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Hydrophylax maritima L. f.
Rubiaceae : 10-20 . 2
(: - BC)
4-5 .
10 .
1-2.5 . Pentas lanceolata (Forssk.) Deflers
4
1-2 . 6-7 . 4 Rubiaceae
3-4 . 4 Ophiorrhiza lanceolata Forssk.
3-4 . 2 30-70 .
8 . 2
4-5 . 2 . 1-5 1-4 .
5-14 . 0.5-3 .
87

1 . 1.5 .
5 2-8 . Oncoba spinosa Forssk.
1.7-2 .
5 3-4 . Salicaceae
2 2 10 .
2 5-7 . 3.5-14 .
4-6 . 1-2 . 0.6-1 . 1-2 .
4 1-1.5 . 8-10
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Pentas Benth. Rubioideae Hedyotideae 5 0.6-1 .
50 8 5-6 .
5 8 6-7 .

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Oncoba Forssk. 30

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Phyllanthus collinsae Craib
Phyllanthaceae
6 . Distylium indicum Benth. ex C. B. Clarke
0.5-2.2 . Hamamelidaceae
2-4 . 15 .
6 1 . 6 (prophyll)
4-6 1.5-2 . 3-8 .
3-4 . 6 1.5-2 . 6-14 . 0.5-1 .
3 1 . 3 3-6
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1 . ( , ) 2 2
2 1-1.5 .

400
600-1300
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Distylium Siebold & Zucc. 18
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2

Phengklai, C. (2001). Hamamelidaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(3): 403.
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88

2 3.2-5.5 .
2 . 5 .

600
Arfeuillea Pierre ex Radlk. Arfeuille
Jean Baptiste Louis Pierre (1833-1905)
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Diplycosia latifolia Blume
5 . 8-16 .
3-7 .
5-7 . 2
5 3 .
4-6 . 5
10 3 .
10
4-5 .
5 . : (:
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700-1000 Aralidium pinnatifidum (Jungh. & de Vriese) Miq.
Diplycosia Blume Styphelioideae 100 Torricelliaceae
3 Aralia pinnatifida Jungh. & de Vriese
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25-40 .
Sleumer, H. (1972). Ericaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 6: 738-740. 5-12 .
50 .
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5 1.5 .
5 1 .
3 2 1 3
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2-2.5 .

1250
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Sapindaceae
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1-4 1-2 . 2-7 .

3 . 15 . 2-4 .
5 5.5-9 .
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89

Harrisonia perforata (Blanco) Merr.

Rutaceae
Paliurus perforatus Blanco
1-2 . 1 .
20 . 3 .
7
1-2 .
2 . 4-5
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6-9 . 8-10
0.7-1 . 2 2 .
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1-1.5 .

Fioria vitifolia (L.) Mattei

900 Malvaceae
Hibiscus vitifolius L., H. yunnanensis S. Y. Hu
Harrisonia R. Br. ex A. Juss. Simaroubaceae 2.5 .
Cneoraceae 11 2-4 . 3-7
Arnold Harrison 2.5-14 .
Charles Harrison 2-3 1-5 .
1.5-3 .
8-10 0.6-2 . 1-2 . 5
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5
5
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Hibiscus
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6-7 .
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: (: - RP)
5-6 . 2-4 ( , )
,
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3 Phyllanthaceae

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3 3 . 3-5 .
3 2 1 .
3 4
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2
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80 40 3
B. disticha J. R. Forst & G. Forst, B. thorelii (Beille) Welzen & Pruesapan
B. spatuliifolius (Beille) Welzen & Pruesapan
Jacob Bretne (1637-1697) 900
Anisochilus Wall. ex Benth. Ocimeae 20
4 anisos
Breynia retusa (Dennst.) Alston chilos
Phyllanthus retusus Dennst.

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4 .

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2-6 . 3-7 .
1-2 . 0.6-1 .
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100-700

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Kochummen, K.M. (1978). Verbenaceae. Tree Flora of Malaya. Vol. 3: 311.
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Anisochilus harmandii Doan ex Suddee & A. J. Paton

Lamiaceae
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1.5-9 .
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10-15 . (: - RP)
91

Trachycarpus oreophilus Gibbons & Spanner
Arecaceae
15 .
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0.9-1.1 . 60-90
50 .
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15-35 .
30-50 . 20 . ,
6 0.8-1 . Cordia L.
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1-1.2 . 1 . Cordiaceae

1700-2200
4-8 5
2 2
Trachycarpus H. Wendl. Coryphoideae 8 2 2
1-4
trachys kapos Cordia Boraginaceae 250
10
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3-4 . 10-40
1-1.5 . 3-5
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Ipomoea quamoclit L.
Convolvulaceae
Quamoclit pennata (Desr.) Bojer
2-10 .
8-18 2 4 .
10 . 2 .
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1.5-2 .
6-8 .
5-6 . ( , )

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Leea angulata Korth. ex Miq.

Vitaceae
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2.5-5 . 2-3 25 .
3-6.5 . 2.5-15 .
1 . 25 .
2 .
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3.5-4 . 2-3 .
2 .
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0.7-1 . ( , ) Nyssaceae
Agathisanthes javanica Blume

50-200 40 .

5-20 . 3.5 .
1-3.5 . 20-40
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1-4 . 3-15 4-5
4-5 . 4-5
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2
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5

800-2500
Nyssa L. Cornaceae 12
4 1 7

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Vidalasia fusca (Craib) Tirveng.

Rubiaceae
Randia fusca Craib
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4 .
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1-2 . 3-4 .
1-2 . 5 : (:
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3 . 0.7-1 . 5
5-8 . 5

1-1.7 . Bixa orellana L.
Bixaceae

250 8 .

Vidalasia Tirveng. Gardenieae 7.5-25 . 2 12 .
Gardenia Randia 5 8-10 . 1-2
3 1 . 4-5

1 . 4-7
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93

bixa Reinwardtia indica Dumort.

Linaceae
Bixa L. 5 1 .
biche 1-9 .
16 Francisco de Orellana 0.5-2.5 . 5
1-1.5 .
Backer, C.A. (1951). Bixaceae. In Flora of Malesiana Vol. 4: 239-241. 4-5 1.5-3 . 5
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3-4 2
3-4 0.7-1.8 . 6-8

600-2000
: 1-2 Reinwardtia Dumort. Caspar G.C.
(: cultivated - SSiI)
Reinwardt (1773-1854)

Ridleyandra flammea (Ridl.) A. Weber Larsen, K. (1997). Linaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(3): 195-196.
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10 .
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1.5-5 . 6-10 . 2-3
5 . 5 1.5-2 .
4-6 . 2 3
5 . 2 2
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3 .
5-6 .

Ridleyandra A. Weber & B. L. Burtt Didis- : (:
- RP)
sandra 20
3 2 R. latisepala (Ridl.) A. Weber
R. kerrii A. Weber
Henry Nicholas Ridley (1855-1956) Gardenia sootepensis Hutch.
Rubiaceae

Weber, A. and B.L. Burtt. (1997). Revision of the genus Ridleyandra (Gesneria- 15 .
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10-30 . 0.5-1.2 .
1-1.5 . 1-2 .
5
5-7 . 5 3-5 . 5

2.5-5 . 5-6

1500
Gardenia L. 60 250
10
G. jasminoides J. Ellis G. carinata
: Wall. ex Roxb.
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94

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Apocynaceae
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2-19 . 0.2-1.4 .
0.4-2.5 .
5 0.5-2.5 .
5 1.2-2.5 .
0.4-1.2 .
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2 10
Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Mll. Arg. 15-30 .
6-10 .
Euphorbiaceae
Croton philippensis Lam.
15 . 0.5-1.3 . Strophanthus DC. 38
4-22 . 3 2
1.5-5 . S. gratus (Wall. & Hook.) Baill.
1 strophe
20 . 2-3 . anthos
2-4 15-20
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1-3 ( , )

1200
kamela dye

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4 .

1 . 6-9 .
8 . 3 .
5 . 3
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200

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Cuscuta reflexa Roxb.
Convolvulaceae
2-3 .
:

1 (: - PK) 1.5-3 . 2-4 .
5 2-2.5 .
, 5-9 .
Lasiobema (Korth.) Miq.
Fabaceae 5
2 4
2
0.5-1 .
2-3
5 5 3

300-1900
Lasiobema Bauhinia sect. Lasiobema
Cuscuta L. 200
Phanera sect. Lasiobema Phanera

26 9
4
lasios bema C. chinensis Lam., C. japonica Choisy C. reflexa
Roxb. Cassytha (Lauraceae)

Lasiobema curtisii (Prain) de Wit
Fabaceae
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5-7 .
2-3
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2-3 .
5-7 . 3
4-5 . 2
5-6 . 5-6

:
500 (: - PK)
96

Parameria laevigata (Juss.) Moldenke

Apocynaceae
Aegiphila laevigata Juss.
3

15 .
5 1 .
2 . 5 :
(: - RP)
2-4 . 5

5 2
12-27 . 1 . Capparis radula Gagnep.
3 . Capparaceae
3-4 .
900 3.5-9.5 .
5-6 .
Parameria Benth. 3 1-3 0.8-1.3 . 4
2 P. polyneura Hook. f. 1.2 . 4
para meris 1.4 .

Middleton, D.J. (1999). Apocynaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 150-151. 1.2-1.8 . 4-5 . 4 .
8 . ( , )

100

Chayamarit, K. (1991). Capparaceae in Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(3): 241-259.
:
(: - RP)
Phanera bassacensis (Gagnep.) de Wit

Fabaceae
Bauhinia bassacensis Gagnep.
: 1-3
6 . (: ; - PK, - MP)
20 . 4-6 2-7 .
8 .
7 . 2 Thepparatia thailandica Phuph.
5-8 .
1 . 1-2.5 . 2 Malvaceae
1.5-2 . 7 3-9 . 1 20 . 10-15 .
0.7-1 .
9 . 3-5 ( , ) 3-5 7-12 . 8-12 .
5-10 .
20 . 1.5-1.8 .
5-7 0.7-1 .
var. backeri de Wit 5 1-1.5 .
5 3-3.5 .

Larsen, K., S.S. Larsen and J.E. Vidal. (1984). Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae. 1.5-2 . 1 .
In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(1): 29-31. 1.6 .
97

,
300-700 Stemona Lour.
Thepparatia Phuph. Gossypieae Stemonaceae

Phuphathanaphong, L. (2006). Thepparatia (Malvaceae), a new genus from 6-13
4 4
1

Stemona 20 11

stemon

Stemona aphylla Craib
2-4 . 6-8 .
: 5-7
(: - RP)
9-11 4-17 .
5 . 1-3 0.8-1 .
0.5-2 .
Pseudodissochaeta septentrionalis (W. W. Sm.) M. P. Nayar 2-2.5 . 1.5-2.7 .
2-3 . 5-6 1-1.2 .
Melastomataceae
Medinilla septentrionalis (W. W. Sm.) H. L. Li, Oritrephes septen-
trionalis W. W. Sm. 200-700
4 .
6-10 . 2
0.4-1 . Stemona kerrii Craib
2-5 . 1-5 1 . 1 .
5 . 4 4-7 . 9-17
4 6 . 8 2 1.5-4 . 1-2.5 . 1-4
1.3 . 5 . 1.5-4.5 .
4 1-1.2 .
7 . 0.8-1.2 .
1.2-1.4 . 1-3
5 .
800-1500
200-900
Pseudodissochaeta Nayar 7
2 P. subsessilis (Craib) Nayar

Dissochaeta Stemona involuta Inthachub
1 .
Renner, S.S., G. Clausing, N. Cellinese and K. Meyer. (2001). Melastomataceae. 5-11 . 7-9 3.5-6.5 .
In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(3): 475-476. 7 .
0.5-1.7 .
1.5-2 . 1.3-1.5 .
1.3 .
3-6 7-8 .

100-300

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98

3 5-6 .
3 .
5-6 .
3 . 7-8 . 4 5-6 .

150-300

Argyreia obtecta (Choisy) C. B. Clarke
Rivea obtecta Choisy
30 .
: 1-3 4-15 . 0.7-3 .
(: - PI) 1.5-2 . 0.5-1.2 .
3 0.6-1 .

3.5-7.5 .
2-3.5 . 3-4.5 .
3-4 . 0.8-1 .
4 4-5 .

1300
A. mollis (Burm. f.) Choisy
:
(: - RP)

Argyreia ooststroomii Hoogland
6 .
6-12 . 1-4 .
3-18 .
0.5-1 . 3-6 .
6-8 . 2.5-5 .
1.5 .
: 7-9
1.3-1.5 .
(: - PI) 1-1.5 . 9 .

, 100-200
Argyreia Lour.
Convolvulaceae
Argyreia thorelii Gagnep.

5 5
5
2 14 .
4 4 2 0.7-1 . 3-5 1-1.5 . 5 .
4 0.8-1.2 .
1.8-2 . 3
Argyreia 90 2-3 . 1.6-2 .
35 3.8-4 .
1 A. nervosa (Burm. f.) Bojer
argyreios

150-650
Argyreia leucantha Traiperm & Staples

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99

0.5-2 . 1-3
1 .
5-6 .
2-3 . 7-8 .
2
5 2 5
4-4.5 . ( , )

200-300

Boonjaras, T. and O. Thaithong. (2003). Ceropegia hirsuta (Asclepiadaceae), a
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:
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: 1-3
(: - PK)
:
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,
Pachycentria Blume
Melastomataceae

1-3

4 4 8

4 (stamen pocket
extaovarian chamber)
:
(: - RP) Pachycentria 8
3 Medinilla
pachys kentron

Pachycentria varingaefolia (Blume) Blume
Melastoma varingiaefolium Blume, Medinilla varingiifolia (Blume) Nayar
4 . 5-10 .
1
:
(: - PK)
1-1.7 . 2-6 . 1-3 .
2-7 1-3 . 4-8 .
1-1.5 .
Ceropegia hirsuta Wight & Arn. 1.2-1.8 . 8
0.6-1 . 5-7 .
Apocynaceae 6-8 .
2.5 . 4-5 .

2-6.5 . 2000
100

Pachycentria constricta (Blume) Blume Medinilla curtisii Hook. f.
Melastoma constrictum Blume Medinilla elliptica Craib
1.5 . 5-24 . 1 .
1 5-11.5 . 1
0.3-1.5 . 2-6 . 1-3 . 1 4-8 . 1.5-3 .
0.8-1 .
3-4 . 1-1.5 . 5-6 . 4-5 4-5
5-7 . 8 1.2 . 5-7 .
5-6 . 5-6 .
5-7 .
800-900
1300

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1-2 . 4-5
7-16 . 1
1.5-3 . 3 .
0.5-1 . 6-8
0.7-1 . 4
0.8-1 . 1.5 . 7-9 .
1 . 4-5 .

500

Medinilla alpestris (Jack) Blume
: 8 Melastoma alpestris Jack
(: - PI)
1-2 . 9.5-20 .
1 1
1.5 .
10-30 . 5-15 . 5-6 .
5-6 . 5 5
8-9 . 8 .
7-8 .
:
(: , : ; - RP) 1200-1700
,
Medinilla Gaudich. Medinilla rubicunda (Jack) Blume
Melastomataceae Melastoma rubicundum Jack, Medinilla emarginata Craib
1-2 .
3-5 7-13 .
1 4 .
1.5-2.5 . 3-4 .
3-4 . 4-5
4-6 4-6 2 5-7 . 5 .
2 5-6 .
2 4-6
(stamen pocket extaovarian chamber)

Medinilla 150 1400
8-9 2-3 Jos de
Medinilla y Pineda
Renner, S.S., G. Clausing, N. Cellinese and K. Meyer. (2001). Melastomata-
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101

Radermachera eberhardtii Dop
Bignoniaceae
Radermachera microcalyx C. Y. Wu & W. C. Yin
7-15 . 25-30 . 2-3
: 1
10-20 . 1-2 .
(: - RP) 6 . 20 .
6-8 . 2 .
3-3.5 . 0.6-1 .

10-25 .
0.8-1.5 . ( , )

300-950

Radermachera glandulosa (Blume) Miq.
Spathodea glandulosa Blume
10 . 2-4
9-30 .
: 4-5 12-30 . 3-5 .
(: - SSi)

2.5-3.5 . 8 .

18-30 . 2 . (
, )

: (: - MT); 900
: 1 (: - SSi)

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20 . 12-35 . 3-5
5-14 . 0.5-1.3 .
2-3 . 1.8-4 . 4-5 .
6-10 . 5-8 .
3-5 . 1 . 1.5 .
12 . 85 .
2.2-2.8 . ( , )

300
: (:
, : ; - RP)
:
: (: cultivated - RP) (: - RP)
102

,
Dolichandrone (Fenzl) Seem. Radermachera peninsularis Steenis
Bignoniaceae Bignoniaceae
7-20 . 3 40-80 .
5-7 .

5 2 1.5-2 . 3-5
1.5 .
1 2 3.5-4.5 . 2 .
2 50-65 .
1.2 . ( , )
Dolichandrone Dolichandra sect. Dolichandrone
10 100
3 dolichos
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Dolichandrone spathacea (L. f.) K. Schum.

Bignonia spathacea L. f.
20 . 8-35 .
2-4 7-16 . 0.4-1 .
2-4 . 2-8 1.5-3.5 . 3-9 .
8-13 . 3-5 .
30-60 .
1.3-1.8 .

: 3 (:
- RP)
,
Dolichandrone columnaris Santisuk Santisukia Brummit
Bignoniaceae
30 . 10-24 . 2-4
3-13 . 2.2 .
1-3 2-3.3 . 3.5-5 .
10-17 . 2-3.4 . 1.5-2 . 5
5 . 11-12 . 2 2
25-60 . 2.5-3 .

Santisukia Barnettia
R. K. Brummitt
. .

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Santisukia kerrii (Barnett & Sandwith) Brummitt
Radermachera kerrii Barnett & Sandwith, Barnettia kerrii (Barnett &
Sandwith) Santisuk
15 . 4-7
3.5-7.5 .
2-5 . 16-28 .
1-1.5 . 3-4 .
0.8-1.2 . 2.3-3.3 .
: 2 (: - NP); : 12-16 . 2.8-3.8 .
2 (: cultivated - RP) 3 .
103

2 30-70 .

50-100 1 . 3-5 .

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Markhamia Seem. ex Baill. 10
Clements
Robert Markham (1830-1916)

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Zhang, Z.Y. and T. Santisuk. (1998). Bignoniaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 18: 224.
:
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Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv.

Bignoniaceae
10-25 .
30-40 . 4-8 5-15 .
1
4-6 .
8-12 .
5 1.5 .
4 2 2
10-25 .

:
(var. pierrei) (: , : ; - RP)
Spathodea P. Beauv. spathe

Cardiospermum halicacabum L.

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20 . 5 . 5-6 . 1-2 .
3-4 . 5 .
5-14 .
3 . 4 1-1.5 .
4 2-3 .
2
: 2 8
(: cultivated - SSi)
3
3 3 1.5-3 .
4-5 .
Markhamia stipulata (Wall.) Seem. ex K. Schum.
Bignoniaceae 1500
Spathodea stipulata Wall.
5-15 . Cardiospermum L. 12
55 . 4-8 8-25 . cardio spermus
halikakabon Physalis
15-35 . 10 2-6 .

3.3-5.5 . 4.5 . van Welzen, P.C. (1999). Sapindaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 189-191.
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104

Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don
Melastomataceae
Melastoma hirtum L.
1-2 .
:
5-15 .
3 (: - RP) 2 3 .
15
, 5 5 0.8-1 .
Melastoma L. 10 2 5 .
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5-7 .

5
2
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Melastoma malabathricum L.
6 .
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3-7 2 .
0.5-1 . 0.5-1.3 .
2.5-4 . 0.7-1.4 . 0.4-1 . Osbeckia cochinchinensis Cogn.
1.5 . Melastomataceae
30 .
1-2 .
1-3
2000 subsp. normale (D. Don) Karst. Mey. 3-4 . 4 1 . 4
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2 . 3-5 .
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Melastoma pellegrinianum (H. Boissieu) Karst. Mey. Dissotis rotundifolia (Sm.) Triana
Melastomataceae Melastomataceae
Dissotis pellegriniana H. Boissieu Osbeckia rotundifolia Sm.
1-2.5 .
8-12 . 2-3 1 . 1-7 .
1 1-2 . 1-2
8 . 5-7 . 5 5-6
5-7 . 5 1-1.5 . 10 0.5-1 . 5-6
9 . 0.8-1 . 2-2.8 . 10 5
0.6-1 . ( 5 2
, ) 5
0.6-1 .

600
Dissotis Benth. 100
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Melastoma saigonense (Kuntze) Merr.
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3-9 . 1-2 2 .
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4-5 1.5-2 . 10
1 .
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200 Itea riparia Collett & Hemsl.
Iteaceae
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200-1400
Itea L. Escalloniaceae, Grossulariaceae Saxi-
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Homonoia riparia Lour. Elaeocarpus grandiflorus Sm.
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7 . 2 0.5-4 . 6-10 .
5-8 . 3.5-20 . 3 .
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0.4-1.5 . 2 6 . 3 .
7-10 . 3 1 .
3-4 . 3-6 . 2 10 3-4 .
5-6
1-2 . 800
3 4 .
3-4 . 2 .
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Rotula aquatica Lour.
Boraginaceae
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5
4-5 .
5 6-7 . 5
4
2
4-5 . 4

50-300
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Rotula Lour. Ehretiaceae 3
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Elaeocarpaceae
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Elaeocarpus 350
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100-200

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: (: - NS)

Combretum pilosum Roxb. ex G. Don
Combretaceae
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8-15.5 . 2-5 .
Heliotropium foertherianum Diane & Hilger 3-12.5 .
Heliotropiaceae 3.5-6.5 .
Tournefortia argentea L. f., Messerschmidia argentea (L. f.) Johnston, 7-8 . 5
Argusia argentea (L. f.) Heine 5 3.5-5.5 . 1-1.5 .
10 . 1-1.5 . 2.2-2.8 . 5
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2.5 . 100-800
5 1.5-2 .
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Malvaceae

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5 5-10
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Bombacoideae 50
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Bombax ceiba L.
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4 . 0.5-1 . 2-3 .
3-5 1.5 .
Winitia cauliflora (Scheff.) Chaowasku 5-10 .
Annonaceae 3.5-7 . 2 5
Sageraea cauliflora Scheff., Stelechocarpus cauliflorus (Scheff.) R. E. Fr. 5 8-8.5 . 8-15 .
5-12 .
12-25 .
0.5-1 .
3 5 .
8 . 6 2
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2.5 .
4-5 . 4-6 Bombax anceps Pierre
2 3 . 30 .
5-7 10-30 .
200-700 8-28 .
1-1.5 . 1-3.5 .
Winitia Chaowasku Stelechocarpus 2 3-5 . 3-5
W. expansa Chaowasku 4-7 . 6-7 .
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5
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5 4-7 . Lauraceae
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( , )
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Neocinnamomum H. Liu Cinnamomum 3 . 5 .

7

Cinnamomum 300-400

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Pistia stratiotes L.
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2
Drosera burmanni Vahl
Droseraceae
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0.6-1.5 .
Pistia L. 1-3 7-20 . 2-9 .
20 1-3 . 7 .
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5 4-5 . 5 2-3 .
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1400

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Gesneriaceae
Henckelia browniana A. Weber
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2 . 1-2 . 5
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Paraboea strobilacea (Barnett) C. Puglisi

Gesneriaceae
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B. L. Burtt
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11-14 . 4 .
5 .
4 . :
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3 . 1 .
3 5 . 2
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( , ) Ebenaceae
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850 7-20 .
12-14
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2-3 . 4-5 .
5 .
(
, )

100-1000

Diospyros venosa Wall. ex A. DC. var. olivacea (King & Gamble) Ng
20 . 3.5-7 .
16-10
: 5 .
(: - TP) 2 . 1-2 .
3-4 3-5 . 4
6-16
Salvinia cucullata Roxb. ex Bory 3-6 1-2.5 .
Salviniaceae 1-3 .
1-2 . ( , )
3
2 . 1.2-1.5 .

3-5 . 500 var. venosa
6-8 2 . 2

Ng, Francis S.P. (2002). Ebenaceae. In Tree Flora of Sabah and Sarawak Vol.
4: 98-99.
Phengklai, C. (1981). Ebenaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(4): 278-279, 349.
Salvinia Sg. 10
2 S. natans (L.) All.
Antonio Maria Salvini (1633-1729)
Pier Antonio Micheli (1679-1737)

Lin, Y., S. Lei, M. Funston and M.G. Gilbert. (2013). Salviniaceae. In Flora of
Tagawa, M. and K. Iwatsuki. (1989). Salviniaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 3(4): :
603-604. (: - SSi)
112

:
(: - AS)
Vatica diospyroides Symington

Dipterocarpaceae
20 . :
2 3 (: - MP)
5-8 . 10-28 .
1-2.5 . 4-5 . 1-5
2 . 1-2 . Mansonia gagei J. R. Drumm. ex Prain
4-5 . 1.2-1.7 . Malvaceae
1.5-3 .
3 1-1.5 . 20 . 5-7 .
( , ) 8-14 .
1-2 0.5-1 .
15 . 5 .
5 1 .
10
5 5
Vatica maingayi Dyer 1-1.5 .
2.5-3 .
25 .

0.5-1.5 . 6-12 .
1.5-2 . 1-3 . 2-4 100-650
2-4 1-2 . 3 .
3 .
1 . Mansonia J. R. Drumm. ex Prain Sterculiaceae
0.8-1 . 2 5-7.5 . 3 Helicteroideae 5
2.5-3.5 . ( , ) F. B. Manson
20

200-500

Ashton, P.S. (1982). Dipterocarpaceae. In Flora Malesiana 9(2): 369.
Symington, C.F. (1938). Notes on Malayan Dipterocarpaceae IV. Gardens
Bulletin Singapore 9: 347.
:
(: cultivated; - PPr, - MP) : 1-2 (: - SSi)
113

Myristica elliptica Wall. ex Hook. f. & Thomson Nypa fruticans Wurmb
Myristicaceae Arecaceae
40 . 4-7
0.5-1 . 6-7 . 1.3-1.8 . 70-80
9-32 . 100-120 .
1.5-2.5 . 1-2.5 . 1-1.7 . 60-90 .
3 . 3 7-9 . 30-40 . 20-30 .
6-8 . 7-12 . 5-8 3
2 . 3 4-5 .
2 4.5-7.5 . 6-8 .
2 1.2 . 0.5-1 . 3-4 .
8-11 .

Myristica Gronov. 175
8 myristikos
myron Nypa Steck Nypoideae
nipah

de Wilde, W.J.J.O. (2002). Myristicaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(4): 770-771.
Barfod, A.S. and J. Dransfield. (2013). Arecaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol.
11(3): 455-458.
: (: - MP)
: 5-8
Pedicularis thailandica T. Yamaz. (: - RP; : - PK)
Orobanchaceae
40-50 . 4 Eugeissona tristis Griff.
3-5 . 5-8 Arecaceae
2-4
7 . 5 2 .
7-10 8 .
2 . 2 3 . 1 . 2-3
8 . 3 3 . 5 . 45-90 .
7-8 . (
, ) 2.5-5 . 1 . 12-13

1-6 . 3 2 .
1800-2500 6 . 3 22-27 7-9 .

Yamazaki, T. (1990). Scrophulariaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(2): 235-237.
200-800

Eugeissona Griff. Eugeissoneae 6
eu geisson

: Barfod, A.S. and J. Dransfield. (2013). Arecaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol.
(: ; - SSi, - RP) 11(3): 414-415.
114

: 15
: 2-3 (: cultivated - SSi)
(: ; - RP, - MP)

Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr. Polyalthia cauliflora Hook. f. & Thomson var. wrayi (Hemsl.) J. Sinclair
Fabaceae Annonaceae
Mimosa saman Jacq., Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. Unona wrayi Hemsl.
25 . 2-5 10 .
3-10 1.5-6 . 9-20 .
5-7 . 3
6-7 . 6 2 5-8 .
7-8 8-9 . 1.2 . 2 .
1.5-2.5 . 1-1.5 . 1-2 (
5 , )
15-20 . 15-25
1 . ( , ) 100 var. cauliflora

Singapore 14(2): 292-296.
Nielsen, I.C. (1985). Leguminosae-Mimosoideae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(2):
202-204.
: 2 (:
cultivated - RP)
Magnolia champaca (L.) Baill. ex Pierre

: 6
Magnoliaceae (: - RP; : - MT)
Michelia champaca L.
30 .
10-30 . 2.5 . Magnolia utilis (Dandy) V. S. Kumar
1.5-4 . Manglietia utilis Dandy
1-1.8 . 30 .
15 2-4 . 15-35 . 1.5 .
6-8 . 7-15 . 1.5-4.5 . 2-4 .
1-1.5 . 2-4 ( , ) 1.2 .
var. 9 3
pubinervia (Blume) Figlar & Noot. 50 . 3-8 . 1.2-2 .
M. champaca x baillonii 1.8-2.2 . 4-13 . 2-4 . 2-4 .
1.2-1.8 . 2-11 4-6 .

Nooteboom, H.P. and P. Chalermglin. (2009). The Magnoliaceae of Thailand.
Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 37: 118-120. 600-1000
115

,
Magnolia L. Magnolia baillonii Pierre
Magnoliaceae 35 .
6-25 .
(brachyblast) 1.5-3.5 . 1-1.5 . 5 .
15-21
6-36 2.5-3.5 . 4-5 .
5-8 . 3-5 . 6-10 .

Magnolia 1300
Manglietia, Michelia Talauma
2 Magnolia 225
20 Liriodendron L.

2 Magnolia mediocris (Dandy) Figlar
Pierre Magnol (1638-1715) Michelia mediocris Dandy
35 .
1-1.5 . 6-13 .
Magnolia x alba (DC.) Figlar 0.7-2 . 1.5-3 . 1 .
Michelia alba DC. 9 2
1.8-2.2 .
30 . 1-1.5 . 0.8-1.4 . 3-4 . 7-14
15-35 . 0.7-3 . 2-5 . 1-2 .
1.5-5 .
1-1.7 . 10-14 400-1000
1.5-5 1 .
4-7 . 8-12

M. champaca (L.) Magnolia sirindhorniae Noot. & Chalermglin
Baill. ex Pierre M. montana (Blume) Figlar & Noot.
30 .
11-26 . 2.5-4 .
1.3-2.2 . 12-15 2
3-4 3-4.5 . 8-12
Magnolia figo (Lour.) DC. 0.6-1.2 . 3.5-4 .
Liriodendron figo Lour., Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng. 1 . 25-35
2-3 . 0.8-1 . 1-1.4 .

3-10 . 200
2-4 . 6 2
1.2-2 7-8 .

7 . 2-3.5 . Nooteboom, H.P. and P. Chalermglin. (2009). The Magnoliaceae of Thailand.
Xia, N., Y. Liu and H.P. Nooteboom. (2008). Magnoliaceae. In Flora of China
Vol. 7: 80, 87, 90
Magnolia koordersiana (Noot.) Figlar

Michelia koordersiana Noot.
30 . 1-1.5 .
6-23 . 1-2 . 1.5 .
9 2 3
1.2-2.2 . 6 5-7 .
8-12 4-6 .
4.5 . 1.5-2.5 .
1-2

: 9 3 (:
700 - NP)
116

,
Anaxagorea A. St.-Hil.
Annonaceae

2-3 6 2
: 10-14 (: - SSi); : 6 2
2-3
(: cultivated - RP) 2
1-2

Anaxagorea 27
2 A. luzonensis A. Gray
Anaxagoros (b.c. 500 BC)

Anaxagorea javanica Blume
: 9 2 (:
5 . 10-20 .
- MP) 0.5-1 . 4 1 . 1
7 .
1.8-2 .
1.5 . 4 .
6 . 8-9 3 .
4-8 2.5-3 .
2 .

var. tripetala Corner
3

Li, B. and M.G. Gilbert. (2011). Annonaceae (Anaxagorea). In Flora of China
Vol. 19: 673.
: 15-21 Sinclair, J. (1955). A revision of the Malayan Annonaceae. Gardens Bulletin
(: - SSi) Singapore 14(2): 346-349.
: 9 2 : 2-3 6 2 4-8
(: ; - PK, - TT) (: - SSi)

Magnolia praecalva (Dandy) Figlar & Noot.
Magnoliaceae
Pachylarnax praecalva Dandy
50 .
5-20 . 1-3 .
0.5-2 . 1-3 1-3 .
9 2.5-3 . 1.7-2 .
2-3 . 2-4
3-4.5 .
2-4 ( , )
: 12-15 3-4 8-12
(: - NN) 400-800
117

0.8-2 . 2-4 .
Nooteboom, H.P. and P. Chalermglin (2009). The Magnoliaceae of Thailand. 1-1.5 . 2 2.5-4 .
Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 37: 131.
Sawangchote, P., P. Sirirugsa, J. Leerativong, K. Sridith, T. Saknimit, L. 5-8.5 .
Eksomtramage and S. Jornead. (1999). Pachylarnax praecalva Dandy 6 9.5 . 2-3.5 .
(Magnoliaceae): a new record for Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 9-13.5 .
27: 41-45. 8-11 . 4-5 .

Barringtonia racemosa (L.) Spreng.
Eugenia racemosa L.
20 . 14-42 .
: (: 1490 - RP)
10-20 0.5-1.5 .
, 1 . 5-6 .
Barringtonia J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. 1.5 . 0.4-1.2 .
Lecythidaceae 0.6-1.3 . 1.5-2.5 .
5-6 3.5-4 . 1-2.5 . 3-6.5 .
5-9 . 2-4 .

(cataphylls)
2-5 4-5 1000
4

2 Barringtonia angusta Kurz
2-4 2-6
20 . 30-70 .
18-30
Barringtonia Barringtonioideae 70 0.5-1.5 . 2.5 .
11 1.5 .
Daines Barrington (1727-1800) 0.6-1.2 . 0.6-1 .
1.5-3 . 5-7 3.5-5 .
0.7-2 . 5-7 . 7-8 .
Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn. 2-5 . 2.2 .
Eugenia acutangula L.
20 . 5-26 .
500
10-20 1.5 .
70 . 1 . 1-4 . Chantaranothai, P. (1995). Barringtonia (Lecythidaceae) in Thailand. Kew Bulletin
3-5 . 0.5-1 . 50(4): 677-694.
Prance, G.T. (2012). Lecythidaceae. In Flora of Peninsular Malaysia Vol. 3:
3 2.5 . 3-6 . 175-221.
1-2 . 2-6 .
4-8 1-4 .

400 subsp. spicata (Blume) Payens

Barringtonia asiatica (L.) Kurz

Mammea asiatica L.
30 . 15-52 .
6-10
5 . : 3 (:
20 . 3-20 1.5-3 . , : ; - MP)
118

4.5 . 3 4 .
7.5-9 . 5 5
5 .
2-2.6 . 7-9 .
4 2.7-3 . 2 4
1.5-1.7 .
:
6-7 .
(: cultivated - RP)
200
Remirema Kerr
Operculina
Lepistemon Paralepistemon

:
4 (: ; - RP, - PK)

Ipomoea hederifolia L.
Convolvulaceae
:
(: - MP) 3 3-10 .
1-2 3-12 .
3-20 . 5-7 .
2-2.5 . 3-4 .
3-4.5 .
2-2.5 .
5-7 .
4 . ( , )

1300 I. quamoclit L.

:
(: - MP)
Remirema bracteata Kerr

Convolvulaceae
10 . 9.5-1.5 .
3.5-8.5 .
11-24 . 2-4 3.3 . : 3
1-2 . (: - PK; : - SSi)
119

Merremia bambusetorum Kerr
600
Convolvulaceae varieties
5.5-13 .
0.8-1.2 . 2 Jacquemontia Choisy 120
1-5 3-4.5 . 1-1.6 . 1 J. pentanthos (Jacq.) G. Don
1-1.2 .
3-4.2 . Venceslas Victor Jacquemont (1801-1832)
4 .
1.6-1.8 . 1.2-1.5 . Staples, G. (2010). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 10(3): 427-429.
4-5 . (
, )

100-800
Merremia hirta (L.) Merr.

Convolvulus hirtus L.
:
2-6 . 2 (: - RP)
1-5 .
2 . 1-4 1.5-7.5 .
1-2 . 0.5-1 .
3-5 . 3 6 .
1-1.8 .
6-7 . 3 .
( , )

600

Staples, G. (2010). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 10(3): 433-434,
437-438.
:
(: cultivated - RP)

Thunbergia papilionacea W. W. Sm.
Acanthaceae
4-5 .
: (: - RP); 2-3
: (: - RP) 1-6 2-3
20 .
2 . 5 .
Jacquemontia paniculata (Burm. f.) Hallier f. 1 1-5 .
2 . 2-5 . 5
Convolvulaceae 2 2
Ipomoea paniculata Burm. f., Jacquemontia violacea (Vahl) Choisy
1 .
2 .
1.5-8 . 1-6 . 1.5 2 .
4 . 2-3 . ( , )
3-5 . 3
5-7 .
0.8-1.2 . 5 400-1400
5
6-8 .
2 8 3-4 . Smith, W.W. (1914). Thunbergia papilionacea. Records of the Botanical Survey
4 2 . of India 6: 103.
120

500

:
(: - RP)
Merremia verruculosa S. Y. Liu

Convolvulaceae
2 . 1.5-5 .
1 . 1-4
2 . 3-5 .
5-8 .
0.6-1.2 . 3 0.8-1.4 . : 2-4
1.8-2.2 . (: , : ; - RP)
0.8-1.2 .
5 . ( , ) ,
Merremia Dennst. ex Endl.

Convolvulaceae
100-700

5

5 5

4 4
2 4
4
Merremia 100
16 Ipomoea

Blasius Merrem (1761-1824)

Merremia vitifolia (Burm. f.) Hallier f.
: (: Convolvulus vitifolius Burm. f.
- PK)

3-7 4-15.5 . 5-18 .
1-4 .
Operculina turpethum (L.) Silva Manso 2-15 . 1-1.5 .
Convolvulaceae 1.4-1.8 .
Conolvulus turpethum L., Ipomoea turpethum (L.) R. Br. 3
4 . 2.5-5.5 . 1 .
4-14 . 2-10 . 1.2 .
1-3 0.5-3 . 7 .
1-2.5 . 1.5-2 .
4 . 1.5-2 .
3.5-4 . 10 100-1600
2
2-4 1.5 .
2-4 Fang, R. and G. Staples. (1995). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 16:
291, 295.
6 . ( , ) Staples, G. (2010). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 10(3): 431-447.
121

5
5

Plumbago 12
2 1
P. auriculata Lam.
plumbago

Plumbago zeylanica L.
: 1-3 . 3-13 .
(: - PK) 15 . 0.5-2 .
4-8 .
2 . 1-1.3 .
Scyphiphora hydrophyllacea C. F. Gaertn. 1.8-2.2 .
Rubiaceae 7 .
2 . 5
6 . 7-8 . 7 .
3 .
4-10 .
0.5-2 .
1.5-3 .
2 . 4

3-5 . 4 2-3 . 4 Plumbago indica L.
5-7 . 0.5-2 . 3-13 .
2 3 . 0.8-1 . 6-10 20-90 . 1-3 .
2-4 2-3 . 8-9 .
2-2.5 .
1.2 .
2 .
Ceriops (Rhizophoraceae)

Scyphiphora C. F. Gaertn. skyphos
phero

Chen, T. and C.M. Taylor. (2011). Rubiaceae (Scyphiphora). In Flora of China Pen, T.H. and R.V. Kamelin. (1996). Plumbaginaceae. In Flora of China Vol.
Vol. 19: 323. 15: 190-191.
:
(: - PK)
:
(: - NP; : - RP)
,
Plumbago L.
Plumbaginaceae

: (: - RP); :
122

Hou, D., (1970). Rhizophoraceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(1): 13.
Maerua siamensis (Kurz) Pax Qin, H. and D.E. Boufford. (2007). Rhizophoraceae. In Flora of China Vol. 13: 298.
Capparaceae
Niebuhria siamensis Kurz
10 . 3
1.5-6.5 . 2-12 .

1.5-5.5 .
4 0.7-1 .
8-12 1-1.5 . 1.5-2 .
1.5-2 . (gynophore)
:
2-2.5 . 4.5-7.5 . (: - SSi)
,
Bauhinia L.
400
Fabaceae
Maerua Forssk. 90
maeru
2
2 3 5
Chayamarit, K. (1991). Capparaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(3): 266-268. 1-10 1

Bauhinia Cercideae Caesalpinioideae
Phanera, Lasiobema
Lysiphyllum
3-5
Bauhinia
150 300
15
Bauhin Jean Bauhin (1541-1613) Gaspard Bauhin (1560-1624)
: 3
(: - RP)

Carallia brachiata (Lour.) Merr. Bauhinia purpurea L.
Rhizophoraceae 10 . 12 .
Diatoma brachiata Lour. 4-6
15 . 2-3 . 6-10 1-1.5 .
1-2.5 . 4-5 3-4 .
5-15 . 1 . 0.7-1.2 .
1-6 . 3-5 . 0.5-1 . 3
2-3 6-7 3-4 . 5-6
3-4 . 0.6-1 .
1.5 . 12-14 20-30 . 10-15

2-3 .
2 . 4-8 5
5-7 . 1-5 Hong Kong orchid tree
Bauhinia x blakeana Dunn B. purpurea L.
B. variegata L. Sir Henry Arthur Blake
.. 1989-1903
1300
Carallia Roxb. 10 In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(1): 4-45.
3 2 Mackinder, B.A. and R. Clark. (2014). A synopsis of the Asian and Australasian
C. euryoides Ridl. C. suffruticosa Ridl. genus Phanera Lour. (Cercideae: Caesalpinioideae: Leguminosae) including
karalii 19 new combinations. Phytotaxa 166(1): 49-68.
123

Bauhinia tomentosa L.
Fabaceae
3 .
0.5-1 . 3-8 .
3-4 1-3 .

1 . 2 .
1
4-5 . 10
1-2 .
1.5 . 7-15 .
: B. purpurea 3 (: ( , )
- RP); : Bauhinia x blakeana 5 (: cultivated - RP)

Phanera glauca Benth.
Fabaceae
Bauhinia glauca (Wall. ex Benth.) Benth. Bauhinia pottsii G. Don
4 .
4-9 . 3-5 9-15 .
2-4 . 5-7 3-4 .
5 . 1-2 . 10 . 1-1.5 .
0.7-1.5 . 2-3 3-4 .
0.8-1.2 . 3 4-6 .
7 2 3 3-4.5 . 2
5 4-6
18-25 . 10-30 ( , ) ( , )

100 subsp.
tenuiflora (C. B. Clarke) A. Schmitz var. velutina (Wall. ex Benth.)
K. Larsen & S. S. Larsen var. mollissima (Wall. ex Prain) K. Larsen &
S. S. Larsen var. subsessilis (Craib) de Wit
var. decipiens (Craib) K. Larsen & S. S. Larsen
var. decipiens
Larsen, K., S.S. Larsen and J.E. Vidal. (1984). Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae. var. subsessilis

Bauhinia galpinii N. E. Br.
1 2-7 .
1-5.5 .
3 0.8-1.5 .
0.5-1 . 2-10 2-3.5 .

3-4.5 . 1.5 . 3
: P. glauca subsp. glauca 2-3 3 . 2-3
3 (: - RP) 8-10 . 3-5 ( , )

Ernest Edward Galpin (1858-1941)

Boonkerd, T., S. Saengmanee and B.R. Baum. (2004). The varieties of
Bauhinia pottsii G. Don in Thailand (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae). Plant
Systematics and Evolution 232: 51-62.
Brummitt, R.K., A.C. Chikuni, J.M. Lock and R.M. Polhill. (2007). Leguminosae
subfamily Caesalpinioideae. Flora of Zimbabwe 3(2): 25-26.
: P. glauca subsp. tenuiflora Larsen, K., S.S. Larsen and J.E. Vidal. (1984). Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae.
(: - RP; : - TB) In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(1): 9-11, 14.
124

1200

Larsen, S.S. (1999). Bauhinia wallichii J.F. Macbr. (Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae),
a species new to Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 27: 25-29.
: 1 (: cultivated - RP)
:
3 (: - RP)
,
Hibiscus L.
Malvaceae
: 3 2 (: - PK)

5 5
5

5 5
5 10
: B. pottsii var. velutina (: - RP) Hibiscus Malvoideae 200
: B. pottsii var. subsessilis (: - RP)
15
Althaea officinalis L.

Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L.
1-3 .
0.5-1.2 .
4-9 . 1 0.5-2 .
3-7 .
6-7 0.8-1.5 .
2 .
6-10 .
: 2 (: cultivated - RP) 4-8 .
2.5 .

Phanera wallichii (J. F. Macbr.) Thoth. var.
Fabaceae rubroplenus Sweet
Bauhinia wallichii J. F. Macbr.

5 . Tang, Y., M.G. Gilbert and L.J. Dorr. (2007). Malvaceae. In Flora of China Vol.
6-14 . 12: 289.
4-5 3-6 .
20 . 3 .
1-1.5 .
1 . 5-7 . 5
4 . 5-8 .
3 2 .
5-7 3-4 .
0.5-1 . ( , ) : (: cultivated - RP)
125

Abutilon megapotamicum (A. Spreng.) A. St.-Hil. & Naudin Scaphochlamys biloba (Ridl.) Holttum
Malvaceae Zingiberaceae
Sida megapotamica A. Spreng. Gastrochilus biloba Ridl., Scaphochlamys longifolia Holttum,
1-2.5 . 5-6 . 3-5 Scaphochlamys biloba (Ridl.) Holttum var. lanceolata (Ridl.) Holttum
4-7 . 1-1.8 . 3-4 . 1-2
3-3.5 . 1.2-2 . 2-5 . 20 .
1 . 2-3 . 15-25 .
3-3.5 . 1.5 . 4 . 1.5-2 .
3 . 7-10
( , ) 1.3 . 3
5 .
A. pictum (Gillies ex Hook.) Walp. 3 . 1.7 .
1.5 .
2 .
Huxley, A. (1992). The new RHS Dictionary of Gardening. MacMillan Press. 8 .

Scaphochlamys Baker 30
4 skaphe
skapho chlamys

Larsen, K. and S.S. Larsen. (2006). Gingers of Thailand. Queen Sirikit Botanic
Garden. Chiang Mai.
Searle, R.J. (2010). The genus Scaphochlamys (Zingiberaceae-Zingibereae): a
compendium for the field worker. Edinburgh Jounal of Botany 67(1): 75-121.
: A. megapotamicum 3-5
(: cultivated - RP); : A. pictum (: cultivated - RP)
Hibiscus hirtus L.
Malvaceae : 1-2 2 .
2 . (: - MP)
1 .
3 3-8 . ,
5 . Pedicularis L.
2-5 . 5-7 5 . Orobanchaceae
1 . 1.5-1.8 .

5 7-8 . 12-15
( , )
2-5
3 4 2 2

Master, T.M. (1874). Malvaceae. In Flora of British India Vol. 1: 335.

Pedicularis Scrophulariaceae
Alectra, Buchnera, Centranthera, Sopubia
Striga Pedicularideae 600-800
4
pediculus
:

5 (: cultivated - RP)
126

Pedicularis siamensis P. C. Tsoong

40-60 . 3-4
1.5-4.5 . 5-12
40 .
0.8-1 . 5 3 . 1
4
2 . 1 .
3 1 . 5 . : (: - MP)
6 . 0.8-1.2 .

1800-2100

Yamazaki, T. (1990). Scrophulariaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(2): 235-237.
:
(: - TP; : - RP)
:
(: - SSi)
Wightia speciosissima (D. Don) Merr.
Paulowniaceae
Syzygium formosum (Wall.) Masam. Gmelina speciosissima D. Don
Myrtaceae 15 .
Eugenia formosa Wall.
10-30 . 2 .
20 . 10-20 .
20-45 . 1-3 . 2 8 . 3-4
4-6 0.5-2.5 . 2.5-3.5 .
1.5-2 . 5-6 . 4 8 . 2 3 6-7 .
1 . 4 0.9-1.2 . 2 2
2 . 2 3.5 .
3-4 . ( , ) 2.5-4 . 7 .

700 1300-2000
Wightia Scrophulariaceae 2
W. borneensis Hook. f.
Syzygium siamense (Craib) Chantar. & J. Parn. Robert Wight (1796-1872)
Eugenia siamensis Craib
15 .
Hong, D., H. Yang, C.L. Jin, M.A. Fischer, N.H. Holmgren and R.R. Mill.
9-28 . 1 3.5-8 . (1998). Scrophulariaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 18: 10-11.
2-6 Yamazaki, T. (1990). Scrophulariaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(2): 142-143.
3-5 . 1-1.7 .
5-6 . 4 3-6.5 .
4 1.4-1.7 .
2-3 . 2 2.5-2.7 . (
, )

7(4): 899. : (: - RP)
127

de Craene, L.P.R. and E. Haston. (2006). The systematic relationships of
Prunus cerasoides Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don glucosinolate-producing plants and related families: a cladistic investigation
Rosaceae based on morphological and molecular characters. Botanical Journal of
Cerasus cerasoides (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) S. Ya. Sokolov the Linnean Society 151: 453-494.
Lu, L. and D.E. Boufford. (2001). Bretschneideraceae. In Flora of China Vol.
30 . 8: 197.
5-12 . Niyomdham, C. (1991). Bretschneideraceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(3): 239-240.
0.8-2 . 2-4
1-1.2 . 1-2 .
0.7-2 .
5 4-5 .
5 1.5-2 .

1.5 .

1500
Prunus L. Amygdaloideae 400

:
7 proume (: ; - SK, - PM)

Li, C., J. Shunyuan and B. Bartholomew. (2003). Rosaceae (Cerasus). In Flora
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Vidal, J.E. (1970). Rosaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(1): 68.
Begoniaceae
Begonia yunnanensis H. Lv.
50 . 5-7 .
3.5-8 . 1.8-5.5 .

1-2 6-7 .
0.6-1 . 4
5-7 . 3 .

:
5 7-8 . 6-7 .
(: - RP; : - SSi) 3
2 6 . 1 .
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Bretschneidera sinensis Hemsl.
Akaniaceae
10-25 . 30-70 . 3-9 1800
6-25 .
0.2-1 . 20-45 . Gu, C., C.I. Peng and N.J. Turland. (2007). Begoniaceae. In Flora of China
1.5-2 . 5 Vol. 13: 186.
5 1.8-2 .

8
2.5-3 .
3-4 . 3-5
3-4 . 2.5-3.5 .
1.5-2.5 .

1200-1500
Bretschneidera Hemsl. Bretschneideraceae
Hippocastanaceae Sapindaceae
Akaniaceae 2 Akania
: 4
Emil Bretschneider (1833-1901) 5 (: - SSi)
128

Fang, R. and P.F. Stevens. (2007) Ericaceae (Vaccinium). In Flora of China
Adenium obesum (Forssk.) Roem. & Schult. Vol. 14: 476.
Apocynaceae Sleumer, H. (1966). Ericaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 6(5): 852-853.
Watthana, S. (2015). Ericaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 13(1): 132-141.
Nerium obesum Forssk.

3-17 .
5 0.5-1 .

5 2-4.5 . 1-2.8 .
5
5-7 . 2
1-2 . 10-22 .
1-1.5 . 2.5-3.5 .
:
(: , : ; - RP)

Adenium Roem. & Schult. Apocynoideae Kohautia gracilis (Wall.) DC.
Wrightieae 5
aden Rubiaceae
Hedyotis gracilis Wall., Oldenlandia gracilis (Wall.) Hook. f.

Middleton, D.J. (1999). Apocynaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 78. 20-50 . 1-2 .
Staples, G.W. and D.R. Herbst. (2005). A tropical garden flora. Bishop Museum 1-2 3.5-9 .
12 .
0.5-3.5 . 4
1-2 .
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4 2-2.5 .
2.5-5 . 2
2-3.5 . 3-4 .

200
Kohautia Cham. & Schltdl. Spermacoceae 27
Oldenlandia
: Hedyotis
(: cultivated; - RP, - PK, - MP)
Francis Kohaut
Vaccinium viscifolium King & Gamble

Puff, C. (2013). Kohautia Cham. & Schltdl. (Rubiaceae) - a new genus record
Ericaceae for the Flora of Thailand: K. gracilis (Wall.) DC. discovered in Kanchanaburi.
6 . Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 41: 56-60.
4-10 .
4-8 .
2-5 3-11 .
3-6 . 1-1.5 . 5

6-7 . 5 1 .
10 4 .
6-7 .
5 .

1200-1400
Vaccinium L. Vaccinioideae 450

:
Agapetes 10
berry (: - RP)
129

Mycetia basiflora Puff

Rubiaceae
1 . 4-7 . Suaeda Forssk. ex J. F. Gmel. Chenopodiaceae
12-26 . 1.5-3 . 100
10 . suivada
1-4 . 5 sauda
4-8 .
1-1.4 . 5 Larsen, K. (2000). Chenopodiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(2): 257-259.
2-4 . 5

2-3 . 0.7-1.2 . 3-5 .
0.7-1 .

650-1000

Mycetia Reinw. Rubioideae Argostemmateae

45 12
mykes myketos
: 3-5 (: - RP)
Chen, T. and C.M. Taylor. (2011). Rubiaceae (Mycetia). In Flora of China Vol.
19: 424.
Puff, C. (2010). Mycetia (Rubiaceae) from Khao Soi Dao, Chanthaburi province,

SE Thailand: the discovery of a remarkable new species and the true Hibiscus surattensis L.
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173-178.
Puff, C., K. Chayamarit and V. Chamchumroon. (2005). Rubiaceae of Thailand. 0.5-1.5 .
Forest Herbarium. Bangkok. 3-5 4-10 .
5 2-7 .
1-9 . 10 5-7 .
1-2 . 0.7-1 .
2.5 .
3-5 .
5 5
1.5 . ( , )

12: 239.
:
(: - PPh)
Suaeda maritima (L.) Dumort.

Amaranthaceae
Chenopodium maritimum L.

2-5 .
15 . 3-5

2-3 5
2 . 5 2-3
2 . : 10
(: - RP; : - RP)
130

Abelmoschus moschatus Medik.

Malvaceae
Hibiscus abelmoschus L.
2 .
7-8 . 3-7 6-15 .
7-15 . 2-3 . 6-12
0.8-1.3 . 2-3 .

7-12 . 2.5 .
5-6 .
( , )
:
5 5 5 (: - RP)
200-1000
subsp. biakensis (Hochr.) Borss. Waalk. subsp.
tuberosus (Span.) Borss. Waalk. A. sagittifolius Marsdenia floribunda (Brongn.) Schltr.
(Kurz) Merr. Apocynaceae
Stephanotis floribunda Brongn., S. jasminoides hort.
5 .
Tang, Y., M.G. Gilbert and L.J. Dorr. (2007). Malvaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 5-15 . 0.8-2.5 . 1
12: 285. 0.5-1.8 .
5
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5
5
10-15 .

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Asclepiadoideae 100
10
Ploiarium alternifolium (Vahl) Melch. Willium Marsden (1754-1836)
Bonnetiaceae
Hypericum alternifolium Vahl
7-10 .

2
5 5-7 .
5 1.5-2 .
5
5 1-1.2 .
5 5-7 . :
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2 . 5
3.5 .
Shorea macroptera Dyer
Dipterocarpaceae
Riang Riang Reriang
Cicada tree 40 .
5-6 .
8-15 .
Ploiarium Korth. Theaceae Clusiaceae 3 12-14 1-1.5 . 12 . 2-3 .
ploiarion 2 .
7-8 . 15 3
0.8-1.5 .
Hassan, I. (2010). Bonnetiaceae. In Flora of Peninsular Malaysia. Vol. 1: 83-86. 3 6-12 . 2 2-6 .
Keng, H. (1972). Bonnetiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(2): 159-160. ( , )
131

600 Borassodendron machadonis (Ridl.) Becc.
Arecaceae
Ashton, P.S. (1982). Dipterocarpaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 9: 532. Borassus machadonis Ridl.
20 . 20-30 .
(costapalmate) 3-3.5 .
70-80 1.4-1.7 .
3-4 .

5-9 1-1.5 . 20-40 . 3-4
30-40 . 2-6 1.7-2 .
3 6-15 40-60 .
30-50 . 1-3
2.8-3.2 . 3
8-16 .
3
: 3 (: - MP)

Gomphia serrata (Gaertn.) Kanis 700
Ochnaceae Borassodendron Becc. Coryphoideae 2
Meesia serrata Gaertn. B. borneense J. Dransf.
25 . Borassus dendron
6-20 .
2-6 . 11(3): 337-339.
35 . 5-8 . 0.7-1 .
5 4-7 . 5
4.5-8 . 10
2.5-6 . 2 5
3-5 . 1-5
0.8-1 .

1200
Gomphia Schreb. Ochnoideae
30
gomphos :
(: cultivated - PK)

Kanis, A. (1970). Ochnaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(1): 28-29.
Callicarpa arborea Roxb.
Lamiaceae
15 .

10-35 .

6-12 .

1.5 .
3 . 4 1 .
4
2 2

:
1-5 (: - PK)
2 .
132

Ashton, P.S. (1982). Dipterocarpaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 9: 335.
Pooma, R. and M. Newman. (2001). Checklist of Dipterocarpaceae in Thailand.
1800
Callicarpa L. 140
12 4
4 C. pentandra Roxb. 5
C. americana L.
American beautyberry
kalli karpos

Chen, S.L. and M.G. Gilbert. (1994). Verbenaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 17: 4, 6.
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Leeratiwong, C., P. Chantaranothai and A.J. Paton. (2009). A synopsis of the
genus Callicarpa L. (Lamiaceae) in Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)
37: 36-58.
Caesalpinia mimosoides Lam.
Fabaceae

0.7-1.5 . 10-30
25-40 . 10-20 1 .

30 . 4 .
2-3 .
1.5-2 .

5-5.5 . 2
1 . ( , )

: 4 4
(: - RP)
500

: 5 5 (: - RP); : (: cultivated - RP)
Anisoptera scaphula (Roxb.) Kurz

Dipterocarpaceae
Hopea scaphula Roxb.
50 . 3 .

5-8 . 8-20 .
12-20 1.5-3 .
20 . 1-2 . 3 . :
(: - PK; : - RP)
7-8 . 15
1-2 . ,
1 . 3
2 10-15 . 3 Paraboea (C. B. Clarke) Ridl.
1-3 . 1 . ( , ) Gesneriaceae

5
300-700 5 2
()
16 50

133

Paraboea Didymocarpus 8 . 2 3
Trisepalum Phylloboea 130 2 .
80 Boea 3
4 .

Paraboea burttii Z. R. Xu 700-1000
15 .
Puglisi, C., D.J. Middleton, P. Triboun and M. Mller. (2011). New insights into the
7-14 . relationships between Paraboea, Trisepalum and Phylloboea (Gesneriaceae)
4-10 . and their taxonomic consequences. Taxon 60: 1693-1702.
1.2 . Xu, Z., B.L. Burtt, L.E. Skog and D.J. Middleton. (2008). A revision of Paraboea
1-1.5 . 5 6 . (Gesneriaceae). Edinburgh Journal of Botany 65: 161-347.
4 .
1.6 . 2 6 . 3
8 .
2.5 . 7 .
3-4 .

400
Paraboea multiflora (R. Br.) B. L. Burtt

Boea multiflora R. Br.

4-22 . : P. burttii
12 . 3.5-22 . (: - DM)
2-7 . 5 1-2.5 .
8 . 2
3
2 .
3 . 1.2 .

600
: P. multiflora 5 2
Paraboea amplifolia Z. R. Xu & B. L. Burtt (: - PK)

5-28 .

2-10 . 2-3
5-12 . 8 . 5
5 .
1 . 2 3
4-5 . 3.5 .
5 .
:
2 3 (: - PK)
150
Paraboea glabrisepala B. L. Burtt

10-21 .
10-19 .
20-40 . 2 2 .
1.5 . 1-4 .
5 . 5 :
1 . 5 . 2 (: - PK)
134

,
Saurauia Willd.
Actinidiaceae

: 3-4
2 5 (: - SSi)
15
3-5 3 5
Osyris lanceolata Hochst. & Steud.
Saurauia Saurauiaceae 300 Santalaceae
5-6 1-2 .
Friedrich von Saurau 1-4 .
Carl Ludwig Willdenow 8-10
3 1 .
1 . 3 1-2 .
Saurauia napaulensis DC. 3
10 .
3-4 . 3
15-35 .
2-5 . 15-35 . 3
3-5 . 1-2.5 . 3-5 . 5-6 .
6-8 . 3-4 .
3 .
3-5 1.5 . 1000-2000
Osyris L. 2 O. speciosa (A. W. Hill) J. C. Manning
& Goldblatt ozos
700-2200

Macklin, J. and J. Parnell. (2005). Santalaceae (Osyris). In Flora of Thailand
Saurauia pentapetala (Jack) Hoogland Vol. 9(1): 68-72.
Ternstroemia pentapetala Jack
12 .

7-30 . 1-4 .
1-10 1-2 .
0.3-1 .
0.6-1 . 3 .
3-4 6-8 . 5-6 .

800 S. tristyla DC.

Keng, H. (1972). Saurauiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(2): 109-111.
Li, J., X. Li and D. Doel Soejarto. (2007). Actinidiaceae. In Flora of China Vol. : 3
12: 356, 358. (: - PK)
Rafidah, A.R. (2013). Actinidiaceae. In Flora of Peninsular Malaysia. Vol. 4: 5-24.
,
Vallaris Burm. f.
Apocynaceae

5 5

5 2
: (: - RP)
135

Vallaris 3 75 . 1 . 4
1 vallum 2-4 . 4
1.5-3 . 5-8
1-3 . 2 1-2 . (
, )
Vallaris glabra (L.) Kuntze
Pergularia glabra L. 1400
10-17 . 0.5-3 .
10 .
4-5.5 .
7-9 . 1 . van Welzen, P.C. (1999). Sapindaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 213-214.
2-4 .
5 .
6 .

Vallaris solanacea (Roth) Kuntze

Peltanthera solanacea Roth
2-15 . 0.3-2 .
3-10 . 3.5 .
3-7 . 0.6-1 .
0.5-1 . 2 .
3 .
: 4
6 . 8-14 . 1.5-3.5 .
1 . 3-4 . ,
Capparis L.
350 Capparaceae

Middleton, D.J. (1999). Apocynaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 94-96.
4 2 4
2
1

Capparis 250
30 kapparis
C. spinosa L.

Capparis micracantha DC.
2-4 .
: 10-30 . 1-2 .
(: cultivated - RP); : (: cultivated - RP) 2-7 1-4
0.6-2 .
0.6-1 .
Lepisanthes fruticosa (Roxb.) Leenh. 1-2 .
Sapindaceae 1.5-2.5 . 1.5-3 .
Sapindus fruticosus Roxb. 3-7 .
15 . 3.5-4 . 7 .
2-4 .
5-7
9-40 . 3-5 . 100-500
136

4-7 .
Capparis viburnifolia Gagnep. 40 .
5 2.5 . 5
6 . 4 .
3.5-5 .
2-6 . 7-9 . 6 1 . 3
2-3 . 2 3 2
0.6 . 1 . 2-3.5 . 1 1-1.5 .
1.2-2 .
3.5 .

700-1300 Trigoniastrum Miq. Polygalaceae
Trigonia

Capparis acutifolia Sweet van Steenis, C.G.G.J. (1949). Trigoniaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 4: 59-60.
4 .
2-3 . 4.5-9 .

1.3-2 . 4-5 .
7 .
2.2 .
1-1.5 . 3-4 .

2000

Chayamarit, K. (1991). Capparaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(3): 241-259.
Zhang, M. and G.C. Tucker. (2008). Capparaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 7: 440. : 2 1 (: - PPu)

Senna alata (L.) Roxb.
Fabaceae
Cassia alata L.
5 . 6-8 .
: 8-20 30-60 .
(: , : ; - RP) 5-15 . 2-3 . 20-50 .
2-3 . 2-4 .
1-2 . 2 .
2 4 . 4
2 . 4 10-15 .
5 . ( , )

Senna tora (L.) Roxb.
Cassia tora L.
1 . 1-1.5 .
3 2-3 . 1-4 .
: (: 2-5 .
- RP); : (: - RP) 1-3
0.4-1 . 5 .
1 . 7
Trigoniastrum hypoleucum Miq. 1.5-2 .
Trigoniaceae 10-15 .
( , )
30 .
8-18 .
137

Senna occidentalis (L.) Link

Cassia occidentalis L.
2.5 . 1-2 .
3-5 8-12 . 3-4 .
4-10 .
2 . 2-4
0.5-1 . 6 .
1-2 . : (: - PK)
2 5-6 . 5-7 . 4
2-3 . 5-6 . 3-4
10-12 . 3-4 . ( , ) Dicranopteris curranii Copel.
Gleicheniaceae
Coffea senna Coffee weed
3-5 .

Larsen, K., S.S. Larsen and J.E. Vidal. (1984). Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae. 1 .
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2-3
8-20 . 20-50 .
5 . 7 .

Roadside fern
Dicranopteris Bernh. 10
4 dikranos
: (: cultivated - RP) pteris

Tagawa, M. and K. Iwatsuki. (1979). Gleicheniaceae. In Flora of Thailand 3(1): 54-56.
: 7 (:
- RP); : 2 (: - RP)
Dodonaea viscosa Jacq.

Sapindaceae
8 . : 2-3 (: - PC)
5-15 .
,
3.5 . 5-7 3 . Gmelina L.

1.8 . 2-3 Lamiaceae
2 6 . 2-3
1.5-2 . 1-4 . 1-2
3 .
4-5
100 2 3
2 2
2-4
Dodonaea Mill. Dodonaeoideae 65 2 1-4
Flemish
Rembert Dodoens (1517/1518-1585) Gmelina Verbenaceae 35
7-8 1
G. philippensis Cham.
van Welzen, P.C.. (1999). Sapindaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 195-197.
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138

Gmelina arborea Roxb.

30 . 7-25 .
1 3-10 .
7-20 . 1-3 7-8 .
3-5 . 5
2-4 .

1.5-2.5 .

Blinkworthia lycioides Choisy
1500 Convolvulaceae
3 .
1-4 .
3-6 .
3-8 . 3-4
Gmelina racemosa (Lour.) Merr. 3-5 . 5 7-8 .
Lantana racemosa Lour., Gmelina lecomtei Dop
2-2.5 . 1.5-2 .
25 . 9-20 . 5 5 0.8-1 .
1
3-7 15 . 4-7 . 1.2 . 2 1-1.2 .
0.8-1 . 2-4 5 .
3-5 .

2.5-4 .
100-850

200 Blinkworthia Choisy Argyreia
2 B. convolvuloides Prain
Cheng, S.L. and M.G. Gilbert. (1994). Verbenaceae (Gmelina arborea and Richard Blinkworth
G. lecomtei). In Flora of China Vol. 17: 32-33.

Fang, R. and G. Staples. (1995). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 16: 313.
Staples, G. (2010). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 10(3): 373.
:
(: - SSi; : - RP)
:
5 (: - PK)

Pouteria campechiana (Kunth) Baehni
Sapotaceae
Lucuma campechiana Kunth
: 10 .
(: - RP) 8-33 .
139

0.6-1.2 .
5-6 0.4-1 .
5-7 0.8-1.2 . 5-8 .
5-7
2-4 . 5-7
3-7 .
1-10 2-4 .

Campeche

Wunderlin, R.P. and R.D. Whetstone. (2009). Sapotaceae (Pouteria). In Flora of :
North America Vol. 8: 244-245. http://www.efloras.org (: - RP; : - PK)

Sonerila moluccana Roxb.
Melastomataceae
20 .

6-14 .
2-3 1.5-4 . 10 . 6 .
1-4 . 3-4 . 3
6-7 . 3 3 .
4-6 . ( , )
: 5-7
(: cultivated - RP)

50-1200
Callerya atropurpurea (Wall.) Schot
Fabaceae Renner, S.S., G. Clausing, N. Cellinese and K. Meyer. (2001). Melastomataceae.
Millettia atropurpurea (Wall.) Benth. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(3): 490-492.
25 .
10-22 . 3-5
1 .
10-20 .
5 .

2 . 1-1.5 .

1-1.4 . 2 9 1
0.7-1.2 . : (:
1490 , : 7 ; - RP)
7.5-15 . 1-2 3-4 .
,
1200 Didymocarpus Wall.
Gesneriaceae
Callerya Endl. Adinobotrys, Padbruggea,
Whitfordiodendron section Millettia
2
19
5 2
5 kallaion 3 2
2-3

2
Schot, A.M. (1994). A revision of Callerya Endl. (including Padbruggea and
Whitfordiodendron) (Papilionaceae: Millettieae). Blumea 39: 1-40. 2
140

Didymocarpus 70 1 .
18 didymous
karpos 2 2 . 2 .

1100
Didymocarpus aureoglandulosus C. B. Clarke

Aeginetia indica L.
9-23 .
2-9 . 40 .
10-16 . 3-5 . 0.5-1.8 . 2.5-3 . 2-4 .
1 . 2-3 .
2.5 .
6 .
3-5 . 1-1.5 . 2.5 .
3 . 4.5 .
1600
1500-1700

Nangngam, P. and J.F. Maxwell. (2013). Didymocarpus (Gesneriaceae) in
Thailand. Gardens Bulletin Singapore 65(2): 185-225. Parnell, J. (2008). Orobanchaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 9(2): 143-147.
Zhang, Z.Y. and N.N. Tzvelev. (1998). Orobanchaceae. In Flora of China Vol.
18: 229, 240-242,
:
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: 1-3
, (: - PK)
Aeginetia L.
Orobanchaceae

2-3
2
3 4
2

Aeginetia hemiparasite 4-5 : (:
2 - PK; : - RP)
Christisonia 3-5
Paulus Aegineta 7 ,
Lilium L.
Liliaceae
Aeginetia pedunculata Wall.
Aeginetia acaulis (Roxb.) Walp.
15 . 6
1-3 2-4 . 4 . 6 3
5-7 . 3

141

Lilium 115

2 lirion
Breynia poomae (Welzen & Chayam.) Welzen & Pruesapan
Lily Phyllanthaceae
Sauropus poomae Welzen & Chayam.
50 .
Lilium primulinum Baker var. burmanicum (W. W. Sm.) Stearn 2-3.5 . 3.5-7.5 .
Lilium nepalense D. Don var. burmanicum W. W. Sm. 2-3 .
12 .
2 . 5-6 . 1.6-2.3 .
5.5-12 . 3 4-9 5.5-6 .
3-4 . 0.8-1 .
6.5-9 . 4.5-5.5 . 6 5 .
1 . 1.5 .
4.5-5.5 . 4-7 . ( , )

800-1500 1200-1300 .
var. ochraceum (Franch.) Stearn
var. primulinum

van Welzen, P.C. (2007). Euphorbiaceae (Sauropus poomae). In Flora of
Thailand Vol. 8(2): 541-543.
Lilium bakerianum Collett & Hemsl.
1 . 1-2.5 .
2-2.2 .
4-9 .
1-3 2.5 .
6.5-8.5 .
3-3.5 . 0.8-1.5 .
1.5-2.5 . 2.2-2.6 . 3.5 .

1500-1800
varieties

:
Liang, S.Y. and M.N. Tamura. (2000). Liliaceae (Lilium). In Flora of China Vol. 6 (: - PK)
24: 135, 142.

Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC.
Campanulaceae
Campanula grandiflora Jacq.

2-7 .

4
1.5-4.5 . 5 5
:
(: - SSi) 5 5 1-2.5 .

Platycodon A. DC. platys
kodon

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China Vol. 19: 528-529.
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: - MS) Press, Honolulu, Hawaiì.
142

450 Tetrastigma pedunculare
(Wall. ex M. A. Lawson) Planch. T. papillosum Planch.

Rhizanthes Dumort. 4
R. zippelii (Blume) Spach
rhiza
anthos
: 5
Bnziger, H. and B. Hansen. (2000). A new taxonomic revision of a deceptive
flower, Rhizanthes Dumortier (Rafflesiaceae). Natural History Bulletin of
Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth Siam Society 48: 117-143.
Convolvulaceae
Convolvulus purpureus L.
2-3 .
3 4-18 .
12 . 1-5 4-12 .
6-7 . 1.2-1.5 . 1-1.5 .
3
4-6 .
3
1 . 3

Fang, R. and G. Staples. (1995). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 16: 305. : 16
(: - HB)

Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus L.
Xanthorrhoeaceae
80 .
20-70 .
2-5
2-8 . 1-2 .
1.5-2.5 . 6
5-7 . 6
5-5.5 .
8 .
: (: cultivated - RP) 3 2.5 . 2

Rhizanthes infanticida Bnziger & B. Hansen
Rafflesiaceae Hemerocallis L. Liliaceae 15

hemera kallos
3-4 5
4.7-6.5 . Chen, X. and J. Noguchi. (2000). Liliaceae (Hemerocallis). In Flora of China
16 5-10 . Vol. 24: 161-162.
2.5-5 .
(ramenta)
0.6-1 . 0.5-2 .
1.3-1.7 .
3-6 .
1.2-2.2 .
2
4.5-7 . :
6.5-9.5 . 6 (: cultivated - RP)
143

,
Gentiana L.
Gentianaceae

5
5

2

Gentiana 360
10 : (: - SSi)

Gloriosa superba L.
Gentiana nudicaulis Kurz subsp. lakshnakarae (Kerr) Halda Colchicaceae
Gentiana lakshnakarae Kerr, G. hesseliana Hosseus var. lakshnakarae
5 .
(Kerr) Toyok.
1-3 20 .

1-6 . 4-20 . 6
4-8 .
5-10 . 6
1.3 . 2 . 2-5 . 1 .
3-5 . 0.6-1.1 . 3
3.5 . 3 6-7 . 4-6 .
5 .
1200 subsp. ting-nung-hoae
(Halda) T. N. Ho subsp. nudicaulis
(colchicines)
Gloriosa L. Convallariaceae 5

Gentiana leptoclada Balf. f. & Forrest subsp. australis (Craib) Halda gloriosus
Gentiana australis Craib

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1.3 . 24: 158.
4-7 .
2-5 . 1-2.5 .
4-5 .
5-7.5 . 7 .
1.5-2 . 8 .

1600-1800 subsp. leptoclada
2 .

Ho, T.N. and J.S. Pringle. (1995). Gentianaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 16: 15. : 6
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Mussaenda philippica Queen Sirikit
Rubiaceae
7 .
2
15 .
5 1.2-5 .
2 . 5
: 5
(: - SSi)
144

M. erythrophylla Dona Trining

M. philippica Aurorae
5 .. 1948
Queen Sirikit
.. 1970
Mussaenda L. Ixoroideae Mussaendeae
160
15 M. erythrophylla Schumach. :
& Thonn. M. philippica A. Rich. (: - PK)

M. frondosa L.

Begonia hymenophylla Gagnep.
Chantaranothai, P. (2015). A synopsis of Mussaenda L. (Rubiaceae) in Thailand. Begoniaceae
Puff, C., K. Chayamarit and V. Chamchumroon. (2005). Rubiaceae of Thailand. 10 .
Forest Herbarium. Bangkok. 1-3 .
Staples, G.W. and D.R. Herbst. (2005). A tropical garden flora. Bishop Museum 5 0.5-3 .
Press, Honolulu, Hawaiì. 4-7 . 3-6 .
4 3-5 .
1 .

5 3 2 3
1 . ( , )

200-300

Begonia soluta Craib

2-5 .
: 5 (: cultivated - RP); : 9 2.5-8 .
M. erythrophylla Dona Trining (: cultivated - RP); : 20 . 1-2.5 . 5 .
M. philippica Aurorae 5 (: cultivated - RP)
4 1-1.5 .
1-1.2 . 0.7-1.2 .
Gonocaryum lobbianum (Miers) Kurz 4 3
6 . 5 .
Icacinaceae 6 . ( , )
Platea lobbiana Miers

15 . 1000

8-25 .
1-2 .
5 2 . Begonia wrayi Hemsl.
5-6 . 5 1 . 2 .
5 3-4 . 8-18 .
6-8 1-2 . 10 .
3 4-9 . 5-6 . 2
3-5 . 5-7 . 4-6
3-4 . 1-1.5 .
1.5 .
3 2 2 .
2-7 . ( , )
Gonocaryum Miq. 9
gonia karyon

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145

Cosmos caudatus Kunth
2 . 2-3 4-20 . 2-8 .
2-5 . 5-30 . 0.6-1 .
0.5-1.5 .
0.7-1 . 1-1.3 .
0.5-1.5 . 3
5-7 . 1-3 .
: 4 5 2-3 3-5 .
3 (: - RP)

Kiger, R.W. (2006). Asteraceae (Cosmos). In Flora of North America. Vol. 21: 204.
http://www.efloras.org
: 4 3 (:
- RP)
: C. caudatus 2-3 (: cultivated - RP)
: C. bipinnatus 2 (: cultivated- PI);

: C. sulphureus 2-3 (: cultivated - RP)

Bidens pilosa L.
: 2
4-6 (: - TP)
Asteraceae
Bidens alba (L.) DC.
, 2.5 .
Cosmos Cav. 3-12 . 1-3
Asteraceae 1-7 .
1-9 .
1-3 7-9 3-5 . 6-8 .
8-9 4-6 .
2 3-8 0.7-1.5 . 2-5 .
ray florets disc florets 3-5 .
5 5 1 2 3-4
1

Cosmos 26 Bidens L. Asteroideae Heliantheae
3 2 C. bipinnatus Cav. 230 3
2 C. sulphureus Cav. 2
2-3
kosmos
Strother, J.L. and R.R. Weedon. (2006). Asteraceae (Bidens). In Flora of North
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146

Clarkella Hook. f. Rubioideae

Ophiorrhiza Argostemma
Charles Baron Clarke (1832-1906)

Chen, T. and C.M. Taylor. (2011). Rubiaceae (Clarkella). In Flora of China Vol.
19: 89.
Puff, C. and K. Chayamarit. (2008). Additional to Rubiaceae of Thailand. A
pictorial guide to indigenous and cultivated genera. Thai Forest Bulletin
(Botany) 36: 70-73.
:
(: - MP)
Argostemma thaithongiae Sridith

Rubiaceae
10-20 . 4 .
2 2-3 2-10 .
2.5 .
1-2 1.5-2 . 0.5-1.5 .
1 . 3-4 . 5
3-4 .
4 .
1.5-2 . ( , ) :
(: - PK; : - SSi)

600-2000
Anisopappus chinensis (L.) Hook. & Arn.
Sridith, K. (1999). Four new species, a new variety, and a status change in Asteraceae
Argostemma (Rubiaceae) from Thailand. Nordic Journal of Botany 19(2): Verbesina chinensis L.
174, as thaithongae.
1 . 0.5-1.2 .

3-10 . 1.5 .
1 .
3-4 3-5 .
6-8 . 3-4
3 .
5 4 2.5 .
4-5 0.5-1 .

: 2-3
(: - RP)

1300

Clarkella nana (Edgew.) Hook. f. Anisopappus Hook. & Arn. Athroismeae 40
Rubiaceae aniso
Ophiorrhiza nana Edgew., Clarkella siamensis Craib pappos
15 .
10 . Chen, Y. and A.A. Anderberg. (2011). Asteraceae (Athroismeae). In Flora of
5 . China Vol. 20-21: 851.
1-3.5 .
5
1.5-3.5 .
1.4 . 2-5 .
1.5 .
2 2 .
4-8 .

450-1100 :
3-4 (: - NT)
147

Diospyros wallichii King & Gamble Utricularia delphinioides Thorel ex Pellegr.
Ebenaceae Lentibulariaceae
30 .
12-40 . 2.5 . 1-2 .
12-30 1.5 . 53 .
1.5-3 . 1-15 1.2 .
3-4 . 4 6-8 . 1 . 5-7 .
0.8-1.2 . 4 14-18 2 . 3-4 . (
1-3 , )
2-3 . 0.5-1 .
( , )

1300 var. minor Pellegr.
700

Slik, J.W.F. (2009 onwards). Plants of Southeast Asia. http://www.asianplant. Parnell, J. (2011). Lentibulariaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 10(1): 25-26.
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:
(: - SSi; : - MP)
Cleidion javanicum Blume

Euphorbiaceae :
20 . (: - PK)
8-27 .
2-8 . 25 .
1-4 . 3 2-3 . Prismatomeris griffithii Ridl.
3-9 . Rubiaceae
5 1.6-1.8 . 3 .
2 0.8-1.5 . 2 2
1.2-1.3 . 5-20 .
2 . 1-4

1100 2-4 . 4-5
Cleidion Blume 25 2
1.5-3 . 1.5-2 .
C. brevipetiolatum Pax & K. Hoffm. 4-5 1-2 . 4-5
3 3-4 . 2
kleidion
0.5-1 . 1.3-2.5 .

van Welzen, P.C. and K. Kulju. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Cleidion). In Flora of
Thailand Vol. 8(1): 164-167.
600
Prismatomeris Thwaites Rubioideae Morindeae
15
7 prismatos
meris

Craib, W.G. (1934). Rubiaceae. In Florae Siamensis Enumeratio 2(2): 182.
: 1-2 (: - PK)
148

3.5-14 . 1 . 5
1-3 . 5
0.7-1.2 .
5-8 . 5
5
5
8-9 . 10-27 .
1.8-3.5 . 2-3.6 .

200-1000
: 4-5
Trachelospermum Lem. 10
4-5 (: - RP) 2 T. lucidum (D. Don) K. Schum.

trachelos sperma
Dimorphocalyx muricatus (Hook. f.) Airy Shaw
Euphorbiaceae Middleton, D.J. (1999). Apocynaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 111.
Ostodes muricatus Hook. f.
10 . 4 .
15-24 .
2.5-3.5 .
5 10 .
0.8-1 . 1 .
8 . 14-22 2 2-5 .
0.7-1 . 3 .
4 .
3 . 3 2 :
2.5-2.8 . 3 (: - RP)
8 .
Ficus punctata Thunb.
500 Moraceae
Dimorphocalyx Thwaites 12 1.5 .
2 D. malayanus 12 .
Hook. f. 1-2 0.5-2 .
dis morphe
kalyx 4-8 .
15 . 3-5 .
Phattarahirankanok, K. and K. Chayamarit. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Dimorphocalyx). 3-5 2 . 2-5 .
In Flora of Thailand Vol. 8(1): 229-231. ( , )

750 Synoecia

Ficus ischnopoda Miq.
3-6 . 0.5-1 .
3-20 .
: (: - RP) 2.5 .
2-3 .
3 . 2-3 .
Trachelospermum asiaticum (Siebold & Zucc.) Nakai ( , )
Apocynaceae
Malouetia asiatica Siebold & Zucc.
1600
3-13 . 0.5-1.4 . Ficus
149

Ficus hispida L. f. Syzygium campanulatum Korth.
15 . 2.5 . Myrtaceae
10 .
5-35 . 5-8 . 1
1-10 . 10 .

1.5-3.5 . 2-4 . 3 3-4 . 1.5 .
5-6 ( , ) 4 4 2.5-3 .
5 .
2 3-5 .
1600 ( , )
Sycomorus

700
var. longistylum Chantar. & J. Parn.
Ficus semicordata Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.
15 . 1-3.5 .
10-25 .
45 .
7(4): 840.
0.5-2 .
2-2.5 . 5 .
3 3 .
5 ( , )

1600 Sycomorus

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:
(: cultivated - RP)

: fig (: - RP); : fig
(: - RP)
Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) W. Theob. var. kerrii (Craib & Hutch.) I. C.
Nielsen
Fabaceae
Xylia kerrii Craib & Hutch.
30 .
3 . 2 3-7 .
1 10-30 .
3-6 4-14 . 2-3 .
: figs
(: - RP)

9 . 2-3 .
3-4 . 5
5 3.5-4.5 .
10 0.5-1.2 .
12-17 . 3.5-6 . 7-10
1 .

850

: figs var. xylocarpa
(: - BC)
150

Xylia Benth. Mimosoideae 12

xylon
Rhododendron longiflorum Lindl.

Ericaceae

Nielsen, I.C. (1985). Leguminosae-Mimosoideae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(2): 3 .
149-150. 3.5-11 . 3-15 .
5-10 1.5 .
1-3 .
4-6 .
10
3.5-5 .
3-4 . 5 2
4 . ( , )
:
(: , : ; - SSi) 1500 var.
bancanum Sleumer
Pometia pinnata J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.

Sleumer, H. (1966). Ericaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 6: 640-641.
Sapindaceae Watthana, S. (2015). Ericaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 13(1): 128.
50 .
4-13
0.6-4 .

70 . 6 .
5 1 .
5
2-6 . 2
1.5-5 .
2.5 . 5 .

1700 :
(: - MP)

,
Pometia J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. Sapindoideae Schoutenia Korth.
Nepheliea 2 P. ridleyi King ex Radlk.

Malvaceae
Pierre 1
Pomet (1658-1699) 5
2-5
2 3-5
van Welzen, P.C. (1999). Sapindaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 236-238.
Wiart, C. (2006). Medicinal plants of Asia and the Pacific. Boca Raton: CRC/ Schoutenia Tiliaceae Dombeyoi-
Taylor & Francis.
Xia, N. and P.A. Gadek. (2007). Sapindaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 12: 17. deae 8 5
S. glomerata King subsp. peregrina (Craib) Roekm. & Hartono

subsp. glomerata
Willem Corneliszoon Schouten (1567-1625)

Schoutenia ovata Korth.
20 . 4-17 .

4-6 0.4-1 .
2-5 .
5 .
5-7 .
: 2 2-2.5 .
(: - RP) 5 . 1 .
151

5-11 . 1-5 .
100-200 7-10
1-2 . 3-5 .

Hartono, R. (1965). A monograph of the genus Schoutenia Korth. (Tiliaceae). 3-5
Reinwardtia Vol. 7(2): 91-138. 1 . 1-5
Phengklai, C. (1993). Tiliaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(1): 73-80. 5-8 .
4 3-5
7-8 . 1-6 . 2-4

1100
Helwingia Willd. Apiaceae, Araliaceae Cornaceae
: 1
(: - RP); : (: - MP)
4 Flora of China
H. chinensis Batalin
(epiphyllous flowers)
Elephantopus scaber L.

Asteraceae Georg Andreas Helwing (1668-1748)
60 .

Pooma, R. (2011). Helwingiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 11(1): 14-15.
5-18 . Xiang, J.Q. and E. Boufford. (2005). Helwingiaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 14:
227-228.
1-1.5 .
1 . 8
2
1 . 4 7-9 . 4-5 .
5
4 . 5-6 4-5 .

1500
Elephantopus L. Cichorioideae Vernonieae
30 2 E. :
(: - RP)
mollis Kunth elephantos
pous
Senna sulfurea (DC. ex Collad.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby
Chen, Y. and M.G. Gilbert. (2011). Asteraceae (Vernonieae). In Flora of China Fabaceae
Vol. 20-21: 368-369.
Cassia sulfurea DC. ex Collad., C. surattensis Burm. f. subsp.
glauca (Lam.) K. Larsen & S. S. Larsen
15 . 0.5-1 .
15-30 . 3.5-6.5 . 4-6
2 5-10 .

15 .
4-8 . 1-3 .
3 . 3 6-9 .
1.5-2.5 . 5-7 . 1
3-4 . 9 1-2 .
10-20 . 20-30
( , )
: (: - MP)
S. surattensis (Burm. f.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby
6-9
Helwingia himalaica Hook. f. & Thomson ex C. B. Clarke
Helwingiaceae Chen, D., D. Zhang and K. Larsen. (2010). Fabaceae (Cassieae). In Flora of
China Vol. 10: 31-32.
2-3 . Larsen, K., S.S. Larsen and J.E. Vidal. (1984). Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae.
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152

2000

Molineria Colla Curculigo
Hypoxis
: 1 9 (: cultivated - RP) 3-4
Ignazio Bernardo Molineri (1741-1818)
Thysanolaena latifolia (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Honda

Ji, Z. and A.W. Meerow. (2000). Amaryllidaceae (Curculigo). In Flora of China
Poaceae Vol. 24: 271.
Melica latifolia Roxb. ex Hornem.
3 . 16-50 .
30-65 .

2 . 0.6 .
1 0.8 .
1 2
1.5 . 3
1 . 1 . 1
3 2 0.5-1 . : 6
(: - RP)

1800
Chondrostylis kunstleri (King ex Hook. f.) Airy Shaw
Euphorbiaceae
Thysanolaena Nees Thysanolaeneae Mallotus kunstleri King ex Hook. f.
thysanos chlaena
15 . 0.7-1 .
7-45 .
Gilliland, H.B., R.E. Holttum and N.L. Bor. (1971). A revised Flora of Malaya. 2-10 . 25 .
Vol. 3. Grasses. Botanic Gardens, Government Printing Office, Singapore.
Liu, L. and S.M. Phillips. (2006). Poaceae (Thysanolaena). In Flora of China 2-3 . 1 .
Vol. 22: 446. 3-4 2.5 . 30
2-3 . 5
1.5 . 3
2 . 3 0.5-1.5 .
0.5-1.2 .

50-1500
Chondrostylis Boerl. 2
chondros stylos
:
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Molineria capitulata (Lour.) Herb.

Hypoxidaceae
Leucojum capitulatum Lour., Curculigo capitulata (Lour.) Kuntze
1 . 4-7
40-90 . 30-80 .
10-30 .
2.5-5 . 1.5-2.5 .
6 2
8 .
6 5-6 .
1 . 5 .

4-5 . : 3 (: - RP)
153

Pothos chinensis (Raf.) Merr.

Araceae
Tapanava chinensis Raf.
10 .
3-21 . 3-14 .
1-2
0.3-1.5 . 2.5 .
0.4-1.2 . :
0.5-1 . 0.4-1.3 . (: - AS; : - RP)
1-2 . 4 1-5
1-1.8 . ( , ) ,
Mallotus Lour.

Euphorbiaceae
100-2000
P. scandens L.
2
1-2

3-6 15
Boyce, P.C. (2012). Araceae (Pothos). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 11(2): 255-256. 2
Li, H. and P.C. Boyce. (2010). Araceae (Pothos). In Flora of China Vol. 23: 7. 3 3

Mallotus Acalyphoideae Acalypheae
150
42 mallotos

:
Mallotus barbatus Mll. Arg.
(: - MP) 10 . 0.6-1 .
18-60 . 4
20 . 30 .
3 4 . 3.5-6.5 .
3.5-5 . 40 .
1 . 2-4 .
3.5-5 . 4.5-6 . 3
1.8-2 . 5 .
: (: - SSi) 5 .

1000
Pterospermum cinnamomeum Kurz
Malvaceae

10 . Qiu, H. and M.G. Gilbert. (2008). Euphorbiaceae (Mallotus). In Flora of China
Vol. 11: 225, 229.
3 3 . van Welzen, P.C., S.E.C. Sierra, J.W.F. Silk and S. Bollendroff. (2007). Euphor-
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15 5 5
2 .
5 5
4.5-5 . 2 .
( , )

100-300
: 3
Phengklai, C. (2001). Sterculiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(3): 602-604. (: - SR; : - SSi)
154

,
Baliospermum Blume
Euphorbiaceae
2
3-5

5
3
3 2 :
(: - RP)
3
Baliospermum Crotonoideae Codiaeae 5
Macaranga denticulata (Blume) Mll. Arg.
2 balios Euphorbiaceae
sperma Mappa denticulata Blume
15 .

Baliospermum solanifolium (Burm.) Suresh 0.3-1 . 10-24 .
Croton solanifolius Burm. 5-11 .
2 . 3-5
8-20 . 15 . 10 .
1 . 1.2 . 1.5 . 3-7 2-3 1 . 15
10-12 4 7 .
1 . 0.2-1 . 1-3 2 1.5 .
1-2 . 1.5-3 . 2-3 1 . 2 5 .
0.8-1.3 . 3-5 . 1 .
3 .

1200
900
Croton tiglium L. Macaranga Thouars Acalyphoideae Acalypheae
300
21
Baliospermum calycinum Mll. Arg.
Whitmore, T.C. and S.J. Davies. (2007). Euphorbiaceae (Macaranga). In Flora
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16 .
2-3 . 1-3 . 1-2.5 .
5 9-21
1-2 . 1-2 .
3-8 .
1-3 . 1-1.2 . 5-8 .
4 .

650-2500

Phattarahirankanok, K. and K. Chayamarit. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Baliospermum).
:
2 (: - MP)

Sumbaviopsis albicans (Blume) J. J. Sm.
Euphorbiaceae
Adisca albicans Blume
: 3-5 3 10 .
(: cultivated - RP) 7-35 .
155

1.5-11 .
16 .
2 3 . 2-5 .
3 3-5 5 .

5 3-4 .
3 3 . 2
3 2-3.5 .
2-3 2 .
:
(: - MP)

800
Phytocrene bracteata Wall.
Sumbaviopsis J. J. Sm. Acalyphoideae Chro-
Icacinaceae
zophoreae Doryxylinae
Sumbavia
3
10-20 . 1-3
van Welzen, P.C. (2007). Euphorbiaceae (Sumbaviopsis). In Flora of Thailand 3-7 . 10-20 .
Vol. 8(2): 562-564. 12-15
1 . 3-5
3-4 3-4
1-3
2
20 .
4.5-8 .

450
Phytocrene Wall. 11
3 2
phyto crene
: 3
(: - RP)
Sleumer, H. (1970). Icacinaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(1): 85-87.
Salacca griffithii A. J. Hend.

Arecaceae

10-15 3 . 2-10
4.5 . 35-42
0.8-1.25 .

1 .
13-24 .
3 6
30-40 . 8-12 .
3 3
6-8 . 5-6 . 1-3 :
(: , : ; - RP)

700
Salacca Reinw. Calamoideae Calameae 20 Ruellia tuberosa L.
4 Acanthaceae
S. wallichiana Mart. S. zalacca (Gaertn.) 50 .
Voss Salak 4-8 .
2 8 .
Pongsattayapipat, R. (2013). Arecaceae (Salacca). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2.5 .
11(3): 484-490. 3-9 . 0.6-1 . 6 .
156

5 1-2 . Allophylus L. Sapindoideae Thoinieae

2.2-5.5 . 5 1.5 . 2 allos phyton
4 . 8 .
1 2 2 .
2 1.8-2.5 . van Welzen, P.C. (1999). Sapindaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 176-183.
2 .

Ruellia L. 250

R. simplex C. Wright R. brevifolia (Pohl) C. Ezcurra
R. chartacea (T. Anderson) Wassh.
Jean Ruel (1474-1537)

Cramer, L.H. (1998). Acanthaceae. In Flora of Ceylon Vol. 12: 1-140.
Hu, J.Q. and T.F. Daniel. (2011). Acanthaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 19: 435.
: 3-5
(: , : , : , : ; - RP)

Eriobotrya bengalensis (Roxb.) Hook. f.
Rosaceae
Mespilus bengalensis Roxb.
10 .
7-20 .
: 2-4 .
(: - RP)
8-12 .
3-5 . 2-3 . 5
1 . 5 4-5 .
20 2-5 2-3
(pome) 1-1.5 .
1-2

:
Eriobotrya Lindl. 30 1-2 E. stipularis
Allophylus cobbe (L.) Raeusch. Craib form
1 E. japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. loquat
Sapindaceae erion botrys
Rhus cobbe L.
10 .
Vidal, J.E. (1970). Rosaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(1): 42-44.
3-5
2.5-3.5 .
40 .
4
1-2.5 . 4
1-2.2 . 2 8
2
4.5-12.5 .

1900

200
10 : (: - RP)
157

Diospyros rhodocalyx Kurz

Ebenaceae
15 . 3-12 .
5-8 2-7 .
1-2 . 3-4 .
4
0.8-1.2 . 4 14-16
2-3 . 4 : (: - RP); :
8-10 (: - SSi)
1.5-2.5 . 2-5 .
(
, ) Muntingia calabura L.
Muntingiaceae
300 10 .

5-10 .
Phengklai, C. (1981). Ebenaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(4): 334-337. 2-5 . 1-3 1.5-3 .
5 5-7 1 .

5-7 1 .
2-3 .

Muntingia L. Elaeocarpaceae, Tiliaceae
Flacourtiaceae
:
Abraham Munting (1626-1683)
(: - PT; : - RP)

Phengklai, C. (1993). Tiliaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(1): 42-44.
Flacourtia indica (Burm. f.) Merr.

Salicaceae
Gmelina indica Burm. f.
20 .

4-12 .
0.3-1 . : 6 5-7 (: - RP)
1-2 . 3-8 . 3-7
1.5-2 .
3 . Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken
5-7 2 Sapindaceae
5-6 Pistacia oleosa Lour., Schleichera trijuga Willd.
2-2.5 .
0.8-2.5 . 10-14 40 .
2-4 2-6 . 4.5-25 .
1-3 .
1500
Flacourtia Comm. ex LHr. Flacourtiaceae 6-15 . 4-6
15 4 5 .
F. jangomas (Lour.) Raeusch. 1.5 . 5-9
F. rukam Zoll. & Moritzi F. ramontchi LHr. 2 .
4 1.5 .
tienne de Flacourt (1607-1660) 1.5-2.5 . 1-2
1 .

Harwood, B. and B. Webber. (2015). Achariaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol.
13(1): 27-35.
Yang, Q. and S. Zmarzty. (2007). Flacourtiaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 13: 900
118-120.
158

Schleichera Willd. 3 .
Johann Christoph Schleicher (1768-1834) 1.5-2 .
1.5-2 .
Iwasa, S. (1997). Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken. In Plant Resources of 0.5-1 . 1-2
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Netherlands.
van Welzen, P.C. (1999). Sapindaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 241. 300
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Leenhouts, P.W. (1956). Burseraceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 5: 215-218.
Peng, H. and M. Thulin. (2008). Burseraceae (Garuga). In Flora of China Vol.
11: 107-108.
Bulletin (Botany) 27: 57-58.
: 2-4
(: ; - SSi, - PK)
,
Garuga Roxb.
Burseraceae

: (:
; - PK, - RP)

5 10
10
5 1-5
Garuga 90 3
garugu
Garuga pinnata Roxb.

30 .
0.5-1 .
2-5 . 5-10 10 .
5-13 . 20 .
1-3 . 0.7-1 . 3 . :
5-5.5 . 2-4 . (: ; - PK, - NT)

3-5 . 1-2 . 1-5
Aganosma wallichii G. Don
Apocynaceae
1500
6-14.5 .
0.8-1.5 . 5.5-19.5 .
0.8-1.7 . 5 1.4-2.3 .
Garuga floribunda Decne. var. gamblei (King ex W. W. Sm.) Kalkman
Garuga gamblei King ex W. W. Sm. 0.8-1.4 .
10 . 5
2-3 . 6 . 2-3 .
5-8 2-9 . 20-35 . 5 2
1-3 . 4-6 . 5 .
159

1.5 .
400 4 . 15
2-3 1 .
Aganosma (Blume) G. Don 8 6 3-5 .
aganos osme 5-8 . 0.5-1 . ( , )


Ashton, P.S. (1982). Dipterocarpaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 9: 391-436.
Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 29: 144, 150.
: 5
: (:
(: - RP)
- MP)

Hopea sangal Korth.
Dipterocarpaceae
40 .
4-11 .

0.5-1 . 2-5 . : (:
1-1.5 . 2.5-3.5 . - MP)
10
1.2 .
4-7 . 7 .
4-6 . ( , )

600

Hopea sublanceolata Symington
: (: - RP;
45 . : - SG)
7.5-15 .
12-17
1.5 . 2.5-7 . Neobalanocarpus heimii (King) P. S. Ashton
1.3-1.5 . 3.5 .
15 2.5-3 Dipterocarpaceae
Balanocarpus heimii King
1 .
8-9.5 . 40 .
1.5 . ( 1 .
, ) 6-15 .
0.5-1 .
200 6-8 . 5-7
5 2.5 .
5 5-6 .
15 2 . 4
Hopea griffithii Kurz
15-30 . 2-3 .
5-9 . 9-10 4-5 . 3
0.8-1.5 . 3 . 1.5 . 1-5 .
160

300-500 Fagraea racemosa Jack ex Wall.
Gentianaceae
Neobalanocarpus P. S. Ashton Shoreae 10 . 1-2 .
11-25 . 0.8-2.5 .
Balanocarpus Hopea 16 . 2-8.8 .
2-5 . 5-7 .
Ashton, P.S. (1982). Dipterocarpaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 9: 388-389. 5 3-5 .
Pooma, R. and M. Newman. (2001). Checklist of Dipterocarpaceae in Thailand. 1.5-2 . 0.5-1 .
Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 29: 152. 1.4-1.8 .
3-4 . 2-3.2 . 2
1-1.8 . 1.5 . (
, )

Griffin, O. and J. Parnell. (1997). Loganiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(3):
199-201.
:
(: - MP)
Hopea bracteata Burck

Dipterocarpaceae
10-25 . 4.5-8.5 .
8-13
3-5 .
2-3.5 . 1 .
4 . :
(: - RP)
15 2
0.8 . ,

5 . ( , ) Hopea Roxb.
Dipterocarpaceae

200-300

Ashton, P.S. (1982). Dipterocarpaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 9: 414. 5
5
10-15 1-2 4

3
2 3
5
Hopea Shoreae
sect. Dryobalanoides
sect. Hopea
100

:
20 David Heinrich Hoppe
(: - MP) (1760-1846)
161

Hopea odorata Roxb.
40 .
5-14 .
8-12 1-1.5 .
3-10 . 4-10 1-3 .
2-3 .
15
2 .
3-6 . 5-7 . 6-8 .

900 :
(: ; - NN, - MT)

Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 29: 140-152. Hopea thorelii Pierre
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Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam. 25: 62-84.
10-15 .

8-17 .
0.7-2 . 3-15 . 2-8
2.5 .
6 . 15
2-3
1.2 .
7-8 . 2-2.5 . ( , )

100-300

: 2
Hopea pierrei Hance
3 (: cultivated - RP) 10-20 .
4-8 .
0.7-1 . 12-15
Anogeissus rivularis (Gagnep.) O. Lecompte 1-2
Combretaceae 0.5-1 . 1-2.5 .
Finetia rivularis Gagnep. 2 .
15 . 15 3 .
2.5-3 .
0.7-1.5 . 1.5-4 . 3-4 . 6 . ( , )
3-5
2-4 . 1 . 700
0.7-1.2 . 3-4
1-2 . 3-4 .
Smitinand, T., J.E. Vidal and P.H. H. (1990). Dipterocarpaceae. Flore du
1 . 5 Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam. 25: 76-77, 82-83.
3-3.5 . 4
2 . ( , )

Puff, C. and K. Chayamarit. (2011). Living under water for up to four months
of the year: observations on the rheophytes of the Mekong river in the
Pha Taem national park area (Thailand/Laos border). Thai Forest Bulletin
(Botany) 39: 185.
Scott, A.J. (1979). A revision of Anogeissus (Combretaceae). Kew Bulletin 33: :
555-566. (: - MP; : - SSi)
162

Hopea ferrea Laness.
Dipterocarpaceae
10-30 .
4-10 .
1-1.3 .
3.5-8 .
2-3 . 15
: 2 .
(: - MP) 3-4 . 2.5-4 . 1-1.3 . (
, )
,
Anogeissus (DC.) Wall. ex Guill., Perr. & A. Rich.
800
Combretaceae

5 10 2
1
2
Anogeissus Conocarpus section Anogeissus DC.

10 2
A. rivularis (Gagnep.) O. Lecompte
ano geisson
Anogeissus acuminata (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall. ex Guill., Perr. &

A. Rich.
Conocarpus acuminatus Roxb. ex DC.
: (: , : ; - RP)
20 .
3.5-8 .
5-7 2-6 .
1-1.7 . 0.6-2 . 1-2 Phyllanthus taxodiifolius Beille
3-5 . 4-6 . 1-2 . Phyllanthaceae
1 . 0.5-2 . 1-2 .
3-4 . 3-5 .
4-7 . 4 . 6 . 3-4
2-3 . 4
0.5 . 4
750 6 1.5 .
3 0.2-0.3 .
4-7 . 6 3
Chen, J. and N.J. Turland. (2007). Combretaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 13: 314.
Scott, A.J. (1979). A revision of Anogeissus (Combretaceae). Kew Bulletin 33: 3 . 2 2.5 .
555-566. ( , )

50-700

Vol. 8(2): 503-504.
:
: 10 2 (: - SSi) 4 6 (: - PK)
163

, 4 . 9-11
Lagerstroemia L. 1 .
Lythraceae
200-350

L. cochinchinensis Pierre
6

6-12 Lagerstroemia floribunda Jack
3-6 25 .
4-6 6-20 . 2-7 .
20-50 . 2-4 .
Lagerstroemia 55
5-6 . 10-12
18 1 L. indica L.
6 3-4 .
Magnus von Lagerstrm (1696-1759)
6
Carl Linnaeus
0.8-1.5 . 2-3 . 6-7
3
1.2-1.8 .

850

Lagerstroemia cochinchinensis Pierre
Lagerstroemia collinsae Craib

25 . Lagerstroemia duperreana Pierre ex Gagnep.

4-15 . 25 .
0.2-1 . 30 . 8-15 . 3-5 .
2 . 8 . 10-20 . 0.6-1.2 .
3-4 . 12 5-6 .
1.5-3 . 5 . 3 .
6 1.4-1.7 . 1-1.5 . 5 .
6-7 1.2-1.7 .

1000

100-400 var. saxatilis W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes

Lagerstroemia huamotensis W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes
4-5 . 15 .
de Wilde, W.J.J.O., B.E.E. Duyfjes and P. Phonsena. (2014). Lythraceae. In
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0.8-1 . 10-12 Flora of China Vol. 13: 277-281.
2-2.5 .
1-1.5 . 1 . 5-7 .

750-1000
Lagerstroemia noei Craib

8 .
3-8.5 . 3-5 .
7-27 .
2 .
5-7 . 5 . : L. floribunda Jack (: cultivated - RP);
0.8-1.2 . L. loudonii Teijsm. & Binn. (: cultivated - RP)
164

Terminalia mucronata Craib & Hutch.
Combretaceae
20 .

:

(: - - SSi) 8-25 .
1-3 .
9-15 .
0.5-1 . 5 10
3-4 . 2-3 . 2
5-8 . 1.5-3 . 1.5-4 .
( , )

700

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(: ; - SR, - PK)
:
2 (: - SR; : - PK)

: 9-11 Tamilnadia uliginosa (Retz.) Tirveng. & Sastre
(: ; - PK, - RP) Rubiaceae
Gardenia uliginosa Retz., Randia uliginosa (Retz.) Poir.
10 .
2-4 0.5-1.5 .
3-22 .
2 .

2 . 3-5 .
5-8
5-8
0.8-1 .
2 0.8 -1 . 5-9 .

100-500

Tamilnadia Tirveng. & Sastre
Tamil Nadu

Brandis, D. 2nd reprint. (1978). Indian Tree. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh,
Dehra Dun.
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165

2
0.6-1 . 3.5-4 .
4-5 .

Tridynamia Gagnep. 4 3
2 3
tridynamos 3

Staples, G. (2010). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of Thaialnd Vol. 10(3): 463.
:
(: - RP; : - RP; : - SSi)
Excoecaria oppositifolia Griff.

Euphorbiaceae
15 . 5 .
9-30 . : 5
25 . 3 2 (: - PK; : - RP)
1 . 3 1-1.5 .
1.2-1.7 .
2 . Diospyros ehretioides Wall. ex G. Don
4-6 . Ebenaceae
1 . ( , )
15 . 10-28 .
1 .
4
1500 3 . 2-3 .
3-5 . 20-30
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1.5-2.5 .
1 . ( , )

100-500

: (: - SSi)
: (: - PK)
,
Tridynamia bialata (Kerr) Staples Polygala L.
Convolvulaceae Polygalaceae
Porana bialata Kerr

5.5-10 . 3
1.5-4.5 . 5 3 (alae)
2.5-3.5 . 3 2 (keel)
4-8 . 3-4 . 2 8
3 2
0.8-1.5 . 5 5 2
3-6 . (strophiole)
166

Polygala 500
17 polys
gala milkwort 900-2300

Chen, S.K., H. Ma and J.A.N. Parnell. (2008). Polygalaceae. In Flora of China
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1-7 . 1-2 .
0.5 . 0.5-1.5 .
3 1.5-2 . 2-2.8 .
4.2-7 .
3.5-4.5 . 3.2-5 .
2-2.5 .
3.5-5.5 . 3.5-4.5 .
3

2000
P. polifolia C. Presl
3
: (: - PK);
Polygala venenosa Juss. ex Poir. : (: - PK)
3 . 15-34 . 1.5-2 .
5-15 . 2.5 .
1 .
3-3.5 . 8.5 .
1.2-1.7 . 1-1.5 .
1.1-1.4 . 2
4 . 1-1.2 .
1.1-1.3 .

:
(: - RP)
400-900
Polygala karensium Kurz

2 . 2-13 .
0.7-1.5 . 2-14 .
0.3-1 . 2.5-4.5 .
2.5-3 . 4-6 .
1.5 . 1.5-2 . 1.4-2 .
4-8 2 . : 4-8
1.7-2 . 8-9 . (: - PK)

900-2300
Polygala arillata Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don

5 . 5-18 .
0.5-1 . 20 . 2.8 .
4-5 . 3.5-4.5 .
6-8 . 1.1-1.4 .
1.5-2 . 1.1-1.4 . 1.2-1.6 .
2 2 .
1 . 1-1.5 . : (:
4 . - PK; : - RP; : - SSi)
167

Brachylophon anastomosans Craib
1000
Malpighiaceae
1 . 2 Triadica Lour. Sapium sect. Triadica
3 . 10-15 . Excoecaria sect. Triadica 3-4
0.5-1.2 . tria
2-7 . 3
12 . 3-7 . 1
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2-3 . 5 0.8-1.2 . 10 Thailand Vol. 8(2): 571-573.
2 5-7 .
3-5 . 3
3 1 . 3 1-2
1-1.5 .

50
Brachylophon Oliv. 2-3
B. curtisii Oliv. 2-3 .

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(Brachylophon sp.) (: - SSi; : - RP)
brachys lophon
,
Sirirugsa, P. 1991. Malpighiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(3): 295-299. Excoecaria L.
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3 3
3 1 3

: B. anastomosans Excoecaria 35-40
10 2 (: - MP) 5 excaeco

Excoecaria agallocha L.
15 .
2 . 3.5-11 . 2
: Brachylophon sp. (: - RP)
13 .
1 .
1.7 . 5 . 1-5 .
1.5-2 . 1 .
Triadica cochinchinensis Lour. 3-3.5 . 1 . 5-7 .
Euphorbiaceae 4 .
Sapium cochinchinense (Lour.) Pax & K. Hoffm., Shirakia cochinchi-
nensis (Lour.) Hurus.
25 .
3.5-7 . 2
1 1-3 .
25-70 . Excoecaria cochinchinensis Lour. var. viridis (Pax & K. Hoffm.) Merr.
5-8 2 2-3 .
3-6 1 . 2 . 2 .
1 . 13 4-14 . 0.4-1 .
2-4 . 3 1-2 . 3 5 .
2-3 . 7-9 . 3 0.6-1 .
3.5-5 . 1 . 3 .
168

1.5 . 2-2.5 .
5-7 . 2.5 . Schizaea dichotoma (L.) Sm.
Schizaeaceae
Acrostichum dichotomum L.
1500 var. cochinchinensis

2-6 7-25 .
3-4 . 10-45 .
Li, B. and H.-J. Esser. (2008). Euphorbiaceae (Excoecaria). In Flora of China 2
Vol. 11: 280-281.
van Welzen, P.C. and H.-J. Esser. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Excoecaria). In 5-10 2-5 .

Schizaea Sm. Actinostachys
20-21 schizae

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: (:
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Breynia villosa (Blanco) Welzen & Pruesapan

Phyllanthaceae
Kirganelia villosa Blanco, Sauropus villosus (Blanco) Merr.
2 .
2-4 . :
1.2-6.5 . 1-2 . (: - PC; : - PK)
2-3 . 3-4 .
1.2 . 1 .
0.5-0.7 . Diospyros montana Roxb.
8-9 . ( , )
Ebenaceae

50 15 .
2-12 . 3-7
0.2-1 . 2 .
1-2 . 4
van Welzen, P.C. (2007). Euphorbiaceae (Sauropus). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 0.8-1 . 4 14-20
8(2): 552-554. 5 . 8
4 4-12
1-3 . 5-7 .
( , )

600

: (: - RP) Phengklai, C. (1981). Ebenaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(4): 309-310.
169

100-400

Staples, G. and P. Traiperm. (2010). Convolvulaceae (Argyreia). In Flora of
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:
(: - PT; : - RP)
Actinostachys digitata (L.) Wall. ex C. F. Reed

Schizaeaceae
Acrostichum digitatum L., Schizaea digitata (L.) Sw.
4-10
15-45 . 2-5 . : 2
(: - PK; : - RP)

5-20 2-5 .
Apostasia nuda R. Br.
Orchidaceae
70 .
13-45 . 1 .

Actinostachys Wall. Schizaea 12 2 .
10 2 A. wagneri (Selling) C. F. Reed
actinos stachys 3 3.3-4.5 .
0.5-1 . 2 3-4 .

Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/ 1.2-1.5 . 3
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100-500
Apostasia Blume Apostasiaceae Neuwiedia
Apostasioideae
(gynostemium)
8 3
apostasia

Chen, X., S.W. Gale and P.J. Cribb. (2009). Orchidaceae (Apostasia). In Flora
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(: - PC)
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Argyreia roxburghii (Sweet) Choisy

Convolvulaceae
Ipomoea roxburghii Sweet
4 .

7-19 . 3-9 . 2
10 . 4-7 .
1.2-2 .
3 1-1.2 .

5-6.5 . 1.6-2.4 .
1.3-1.5 . :
( , ) (: - TP)
170

Limnocharis flava (L.) Buchenau

Alismataceae
Alisma flavum L.

6.5-28 . 12-85 .
20 . 3-12
10-60 . 1.5-2.5 .
4-8 . 3 1.6-1.7 . : 2
3 2-2.5 . (: - PC)
4.5 . 5-20

1-1.6 . Ochna integerrima (Lour.) Merr.
Ochnaceae
Elaeocarpus integerrimus Lour.
12 .
6-25 .
Limnocharis Bonpl. 2 1-5 . 4 .
limne charis 2-4 . 4
1-1.6 . 5-7 1.5-2.5 .
Haynes, R.R. (2001). Limnocharitaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(3): 384-385. 2-3 3-7 .
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3-15
1 . 2 .

1200
Ochna L. 85 4
1 O. thomasiana
Engl. & Gilg O. kirkii Oliv.
: 5
(: ; - MP, - RP) ochne

Kanis, A. (1970). Ochnaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(1): 25-26.
Lecanopteris sinuosa (Wall. ex Hook.) Copel.
Polypodiaceae
Polypodium sinuosum Wall. ex Hook., Myrmecophila sinuosa (Wall.
ex Hook.) Nakai ex H. Ito
1-2 .
3 . 2
1.5-2 . (phyllopodia) 5 .
3-8 . 15-38 .
3.5 .

3.5 .

:
(: , : ; - RP)
Lecanopteris Reinw. 13
3
lekane pteris

Tagawa, M. and K. Iwatsuki. (1989). Polypodiaceae (Myrmecophila sinuosa). In
Flora of Thailand Vol. 3(4): 535. : 5 (: cultivated - RP)
171

,
Hedychium J. Koenig
Zingiberaceae

3 3
2

3
3
: (: - MP);
Hedychium Zingiberoideae 50
28-30
H. coccineum Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.
H. ellipticum Buch.-Ham. ex Sm. H. coronarium J. Koenig
hedys chion

Hedychium spicatum Sm.

1 . 1.5-2.5 .
10-40 .
20 .
2-3 . 1-2 . 2.5-3.5 .
6-8 . :
(: - PR)
2.5-3.5 . 2

1.2 .
1.5-2.5 .

1500-2000
var. acuminatum (Roscoe) Wall.
Hedychium tomentosum Sirirugsa & K. Larsen :

(: - VC)
60 . 1.5 .
15-25 .
7 .
2.5 . Cnesmone javanica Blume
1 . 3 . Euphorbiaceae
7-8 . 2.5 . 5-8 .
6-17 .
2.8 . 1-2
5 . 3-9 .

2000 H. griffithianum Wall. 5 . 3

1-2
0.7-1 . 3
Larsen, K. and S.S. Larsen. (2006). Gingers of Thailand. Queen Sirikit Botanic 3 1.5 .
Garden. Chiang Mai.
Sabu, M. (2006). Zingiberaceae and Costaceae of South India. Kerala, India. 3 . 3
Indian Association for Angiosperm Taxonomy, Calicut University.
Sirirugsa, P. (1995). The genus Hedychium (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand. Nordic
Journal of Botany 15(3): 301-304.
Wu, D. and K. Larsen. (2000). Zingiberaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 24: 370-373. 300 var. glabriuscula N. P. Balakr. & N. G. Nair

172

Cnesmone Blume 12 3
2 C. laevis (Ridl.) Airy Shaw
C. laotica (Gagnep.) Croizat

knesmos

Phuphathanaphong, L. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Cnesmone). In Flora of Thailand
Vol. 8(1): 182-186.
: (:
- RP); : (: - RP)
Acalypha spp.: (: cultivated - RP); (: cultivateds - RP);

(: cultivated - RP)
:
1-2 3 (: - RP)
Neoachmandra wallichii (C. B. Clarke) W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes
Cucurbitaceae
Melothria wallichii C. B. Clarke, Zehneria wallichii (C. B. Clarke) C. Jeffrey
4 .
4-11 . 1-6 .

: (: - RP) 1-2 .
2.5 . 5
5 3-3.5 .
Acalypha indica L. 3 1 .
Euphorbiaceae 1 .
1-2
1 . 3 . 3
1-2 . 4-6 .
3-7 .
1-2 2-6 .
1-2 10 .
6-10 100-1500
4 7-9
1-4 1 . 8-12 Neoachmandra W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes 30
3 1 . 3 6
3 3 Achmandra Aechmandra
3 .
cyanogenic de Wilde, W.J.J.O. and B.E.E. Duyfjes. (2008). Cucurbitaceae. In Flora of
glycosides Thailand Vol. 9(4): 476-484.
Acalypha L. Acalyphoideae Acalypeae

450 8
3 A. hispida Burm. f.
A. chamaedrifolia (Lam.) Mll. Arg. A. wilkesiana Mll. Arg.

A. siamensis Oliv. ex Gage akalephe

Ngernsaengsaruay, C. and K. Chayamarit. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Acalypha). :
In Flora of Thailand Vol. 8(1): 26. (: - BD)
173

Solena heterophylla Lour.

Cucurbitaceae

3-5 4-10 . 0.5-1 .
(probract) 1-5 .
10-20 2-8 . 5 .
5
5 1-2 . 3 : 3-5
2-3 . (: - RP)
2-3
3 2-6 .
Monoon membranifolium (J. Sinclair) B. Xue & R. M. K. Saunders
Annonaceae
Enicosanthum membranifolium J. Sinclair
Solena Lour. 3 15 . 15-25 .
solen 5 . 1-3
2.5-4 . 3
de Wilde, W.J.J.O. and B.E.E. Duyfjes. (2008). Cucurbitaceae. In Flora of 0.8-1 . 6 2
Thailand Vol. 9(4): 504-505. 3.5 .
3 . 2
2-3 . 2 .

Monoon Miq. Polyalthia
Enicosanthum 74 13
monos oon

Xue, B., Y.C.F. Su, D.C. Thomas and R.M.K. Saunders. (2011). Pruning the
polyphyletic genus Polyalthia (Annonaceae) and resurrecting the genus
Monoon. Taxon 61(5): 1021-1039.
: (:
, : ; - RP)
Zehneria tenuispica W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes

Cucurbitaceae
1 .
3-9 . 3-5 1.5-3.5 .

1.4-5 . 15 2-4 .
2 . 5 5
1 . 3
1.5 .
1.2-1.5 .
: 1-3
3 1 . (: - RP)
3 6 . 1.5-2.5 .

400-1300 Getonia floribunda Roxb.
Zehneria Endl. 25 Combretaceae
2 Z. bodinieri (H. Lv.) Calycopteris floribunda (Roxb.) Lam. ex Poir.
W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes 10 .
Joseph Zehner

5-15 . 0.8-1.2 .
de Wilde, W.J.J.O. and B.E.E. Duyfjes. (2008). Cucurbitaceae. In Flora of 30 .
Thailand Vol. 9(4): 545-546. 2-3 . 0.7-1 . 5
174

5 2-4 . 2-7 .
3 10 2-3 . 1-8 0.3-1 .
5 1.8-2.3 . 5-7 .
1-1.4 . 1-1.5 .
1 .

600 3-8 . 0.6-1.5 .
6-7 .
Getonia Roxb.

Cheng, J. and N.J. Turland. (2007). Combretaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 13: 315. 1000 subsp. pruniflorum (Kurz)
Gogelein

Li, X.W., J. Li and P. Stevens. (2007). Clusiaceae (Cratoxylum). In Flora of
China Vol. 13: 36
Robson, N.K. (1974). Hypericaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 8: 4-14.
: 10 (: - RP)
,
Cratoxylum Blume
Hypericaceae

5
3-5
3 3

: 1-5
(: - MP)
Cratoxylum Clusiaceae (Guttiferae) 6
5 kratos xylon
Cratoxylum cochinchinense (Lour.) Blume

Hypericum cochinchinense Lour.
25 .
3-12 . 2-5 .
1-5
1-3 . 5-7 .
0.5-1 .
4-8 .
3 .
2 . 0.8-1.2 . : (:
6-8 . , : , : ; - MP)

1200

Cratoxylum formosum (Jack) Benth. & Hook. f. ex Dyer

Elodes formosa Jack
20 . :
3-10 . (: - MP)
175

20 . 2-7 .
Ficus pumila L. 4-6 .
2-3 . 1-1.5 .
Moraceae 3-3.5 . 1.5 .
1 . 0.8-1.5 .
1-6 .

4-6 400
2.5 . 4-7 .

3-7 .
3 . 0.4-2 . Vitex vestita Wall. ex Walp.
( , ) 8 .
3-5 1-6 . 5-15 .
1400
1.5 . 2.5-7 . 2-3
1-2 . 3 .

Berg, C.C., N. Pattharahirantricin and B. Chantarasuwan. (2011). Moraceae in 4-7 .
Wee, Y.C. and H. Keng. (1990). An illustrated dictionary of Chinese medicinal 1-1.5 . 3-3.5 . 4 .
herbs. Times Edition Pte Ltd., Time Centre, Singapore. 2-3 .
2.5-3 . 5-9 .

1500

Tropical Natural History 11(2): 91-118.
Chen, S.L. and M.G. Gilbert. (1994). Verbenaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 17: 28, 31.
: (fig)
(: cultivated - RP)
,
Vitex L.
Lamiaceae

1-8 : 3-5 (:
5 - RP)
3
2 2
2-4
1-2 2
4
Vitex Verbenaceae Viticoideae
250 16
V. agnus-castus L.
Vitex pinnata L.
15 .
3-5 3-10 . : 2-3
8-15 . (: - PK)
176

,
Alstonia R. Br.
Apocynaceae

5
5
: 3-4
5 (: - PK; : - RP)

Ochrosia oppositifolia (Lam.) K. Schum.
Alstonia 40 Apocynaceae
7 Cerbera oppositifolia Lam.
Charles Alston (1685-1760) 10 . 3
5.5-27 .
1.5-5 . 3.5-13 .
Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. 2-5 . 5 2 .
Echites scholaris L.
40 . 4-5 . 5 4-7 . 5
4-10 4-32 . 2
0.7-1.5 . 2 1-2.5 .
3-8.5 . 1-2 . 6-7 .
0.5-1 . 2-4 3.5 .
2-5 .
3-5 .
20-55 . 4-8 . 1-2 .
Ochrosia Juss. 30
ochros
100-1200

Alstonia curtisii King & Gamble
1-2 . 3-4
5-12 .
0.5-2 . 4.5-6 .
2 . 2.5 .
1-1.5 .

1 . 9 .
1 . 2.5 .

100

Li, B., A.J.M. Leeuwenberg and D.J. Middleton. (1995). Apocynaceae. In Flora :
of China Vol. 16: 154-156. (: cultivated - RP; : - SSi)

Alstonia rupestris Kerr
Apocynaceae
4 .
3-5 2.5-13 .

2-5 . 3-4 .
2 .
: 7-8 . 2.5-3 .
177

4 . 6-10 .
8.5 . 5 . Cerbera manghas L.
( , )
10 . 5.5-24 .
1-4 .
1700-1800 7-30 . 0.6-2.2 . 1-1.7 .
2.5-4 .
Li, B., A.J.M. Leeuwenberg and D.J. Middleton. (1995). Apocynaceae. In Flora 1.5-3 .
of China Vol. 16: 156. 2-4 . 6.5-10 .
Middleton, D.J. (1999). Apocynaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 45.

,
Cerbera L.
Apocynaceae

5
: (:
; - SSi, - NK)
5
2

Dyera costulata (Miq.) Hook. f.
Apocynaceae
Alstonia costulata Miq. Cerbera 7
2 Kerberos
60 . Hades
8-20 .
8.5-10.5 .
2-3 . 5 1 .
5 Cerbera odollam Gaertn.
2 . 4 . 12 . 9-30 .
5 1.5-4 .
2 8-35 . 1-4 . 0.8-2.5 .
0.5 . 14-35 . 2-3 . 1-2 . 1.2-3.8 .
5 .
1 . 4.5-7.7 .

Dyera Hook. f. 2
D. polyphylla (Miq.) Steenis Middleton, D.J. (1999). Apocynaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 65-69.
William Turner Triselton-Dyer (1843-1928)

: (: - RP)
:
(: - MP) : (: - RP)
178

5-6 . 10-24 . 5 .
Crescentia alata Kunth 1 . ( , )
Bignoniaceae

10 . 3
2.5-5 . 10 .

5-8 . 2 1.5 . Middleton, D.J. (1999). Apocynaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 46-48.
4-6 .
2 3
1.5 . 2
3-4 . 5-7 .
2
6.5 . 2 4 .
7-10 .

Crescentia L. 6
2 C. cujete L.
2

Pietro Crescenti (1230-1321) :
(: cultivated - RP; : , - RP, - NP)

Ophioglossum pendulum L.
Ophioglossaceae
3 . (phyllomophore)
(trophophyll) 20 . 50-100 .
2-4 .

7 .
30 . 3 .

Platycerium
Ophioglossum L. 28
: 3 4 ophis glossa

Liu, Q. and N. Sahashi. (2013). Ophioglossaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 21-23:
77-78.
Tagawa, M. and K. Iwatsuki. (1979). Ophioglossaceae. In Flora of Thailand
Vol. 3(1): 37.
Alstonia spatulata Blume

Apocynaceae
5-10 . 3-5
2.5-11 .
5 .
6-9 . 0.3-1 .
2 .
6-9 . 9 .
: (: - PC)
179

Paris polyphylla Sm. var. chinensis (Franch.) H. Hara Forest Herbarium. Bangkok.
Melanthiaceae Wong, K.M. (1988). The Antirheoideae (Rubiaceae) of the Malay Peninsula.
Kew Bulletin 43: 491-518.
Paris chinensis Franch.
1.3 . 5-11
6-30 . 1-6 .
5-65 . 3-7
3-7 2
6-12 . 2
5-6 . 1-1.2 . 1-2 .

4-5
: 4 (:
900-2000 - MT); : var. penangianus 1-5 (: - RP)
varieties

Paris L. Liliaceae Trilliaceae Shorea obtusa Wall. ex Blume
Melanthieae Veratrum Daisawa 24
Dipterocarpaceae

30 .
5-6 .
5-15 .
Liang, S.Y. and V.G. Soukup. (2000). Liliaceae (Paris). In Flora of China Vol. 1-1.5 . 4-10 .
24: 90.
2 . 1-1.2 . 30
6 . 2-4
2 .
0.8-1 . 3 4.5-5 . 2
3-3.5 . ( , )

1300

:
(: ; - NS, - SSi)
Timonius corneri K. M. Wong

Rubiaceae
18 .
7-16 . : 3 2 (:
- MP; : - PK)
0.5-1.5 .
0.5-2 . 4
8
5-6 . 3 . 4 Freycinetia javanica Blume
3 . Pandanaceae
5-6 . 4 20 .
1.5 . 5-7 . 5-25 .

1200
var. penangianus (Ridl.) K. M. Wong 1-5 2-5
4-5 . 1 . 3
Timonius DC. 160-200 5-7 .
2 T. flavescens (Jacq.) Baker

180

1300
Freycinetia Gaudich. 180 5
1 F. cumingiana Gaudich.
F. multiflora Merr.
Louis-Claude de Saulces de Freycinet (1779-1842)

Stone, C.B. (1970). Materials for a monograph of Freycinetia Gaud. (Pandanaceae)
V. Singapore, Malaya and Thailand. Gardens Bulletin Singapore 25: 195-197.
:
(: - RP)

Debregeasia wallichiana (Wedd.) Wedd.
Urticaceae
Missiessya wallichiana Wedd.
6 .
1-2 .
5-21 . 3
5-8 3-18 .
: 3-7 3.5-8 .
3 (: - RP); : 3-5 .
4

Pandanus odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze 1.5 .
Pandanaceae
Keura odorifera Forssk., Pandanus odoratissimus L. f. ()
10 . 20 . 800-1800

1 . Debregeasia Gaudich. 6
0.5-1 . 3 Prosper Justin
30-60 . de Bregeas .. 1836-1837
30 .
(phalanges) 4-11 Chen, J., I. Friis and C.M. Wilmot-Dear. (2003). Urticaceae (Debregeasia). In
30 . Flora of China Vol. 5: 185-186.
20 .
3-8 .

P. tectorius Parkinson ex
Du Roi

Pandanus Parkinson 650 :
20 2-3 (: - RP)
pandan pandang
,

St. John, H. (1979). Revision of the genus Pandanus Stickman. Part 42. Pandanus Caryota L.
tectorius Parkins. ex Z and Pandanus odoratissimus L..f. Pacific Science 33(4): Arecaceae
395-401.
Stone, B.C. (1983). Pandanaceae (Pandanus odoratissimus). Flore du Cambodge,
du Laos et du Vietnam. 20: 23-29. 2
Sun, K. and R.A. DeFilipps. (2010). Pandanaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 23: 128.
181

6-8
3 2
3 3
1-2
(raphide)
Caryota Coryphoideae Caryoteae 13
: (: , : cultivated; - RP)
4
1 C. kiriwongensis Hodel ex Hodel

karyotos

Caryota mitis Lour.

10 . 20 .
0.8-2 . 2-2.8 . 10-23 : (: , : ; - RP)
10-20
20-30 . 2-3
85 . 20-65 .
1.2-1.5 . 4-5 .
1-2 .

Caryota maxima Blume

30 . 25-45 .
10-50 . 2.5-5 .
15-27 15-30 : 2
35 . 3-5 1-1.5 . (: - RP)
1.5-3 . 1-2 .
1.2-1.5 . 6-8 . 2-2.5 .
Arenga hookeriana (Becc.) Whitmore
Didymosperma hookerianum Becc.
1.8 . 0.6-2 .
1800 5-10
60-80 . 6-8
50 .
Caryota obtusa Griff. 2-3
Caryota gigas Hahn ex Hodel 25-30 .
40 . 1-1.5 .
50-90 . 0.5-2 .
4-6 . 18-24 100-600
20-27 20-35 .
0.5-1 . 2.5-4 . ,
1.2-3 . 1.5 .
8 . 1.5-3 . 2 Arenga Labill. ex DC.
Arecaceae

1200-1600

Pei, S., S. Chen, G. Lixiu, J. Dransfield and A. Henderson. (2010). Arecaceae.
In Flora of China Vol. 23: 150-151. 3 2-3
Barfod, A.S. and J. Dransfield. (2013). Arecaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 1-3
11(3): 387-391.
182

Arenga Coryphoideae Caryoteae 24

5 Didymosperma 40-50 . 30 .
2 2 5-6 .
Arenga 3 A. obtusifolia 3
Mart. 11-16
2 A. pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. 3 .
A. westerhoutii Griff. 3 1.5-1.7 .

arenge

500-1200
Arenga caudata (Lour.) H. E. Moore Wallichia Roxb. Coryphoideae Caryoteae 8

Borassus caudatum Lour. 3
2 W. disticha T. Anderson
2 . 2 . W. marianneae Hodel
10 16-19
30-60 . 4-10 Nathaniel Wallich (1786-1854)
20-80 .
2-3 25-30 .
1-1.5 . 11(3): 491-493.

700

Pongsattayapipat, R. (2012). Arecaceae (Arenga). In Flora of Thailand Vol.
11(3): 333-337.
:
(: - SSi)
:
(: cultivated; - RP; - NP) : (:
- RP)

Ichnocarpus frutescens (L.) W. T. Aiton
Apocynaceae
Apocynum frutescens L.

2.5-12.5 . 0.4-3 .
1.5-15 .
: 5 2 .
(: - RP); : (: - SSi)
2-4 .
5 2.5-6 . 5

Wallichia caryotoides Roxb. 1-2 .
Arecaceae 15 .
3 . 2-2.5 . 1.8-3 .
10 . 4-7
0.8-1.5 . 8-12
2 50 . 850
183

Ichnocarpus R. Br. 8 4 ,
2 I. fulvus Kerr
I. uliginosus Kerr
Mukia Arn.
ichno karpos Cucurbitaceae

Li, B., A.J.M. Leeuwenberg and D.J. Middleton. (1995). Apocynaceae. In Flora 5 3
of China Vol. 16: 185-186.
Middleton, D.J. (1999). Apocynaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 113-118. 1-6 3
2
Mukia 9
3 Cucumis
mucca-piri

: Mukia gracilis (Kurz) W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes
(: - PK) Mukia maderaspatana (L.) M. Roem. var. gracilis Kurz
1-5 .
Gymnopetalum scabrum (Lour.) W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes 5-12 .
3-7 . 5-10
Cucurbitaceae 2-6 . 2-2.5 . 1 .
Trichosanthes scabra Lour. 2-3 . 1 .
5 . 1-5 1 .
2 5-8 .
(probract) 1-2.5 . 1-2 . 5 5-6 .
2-11 . 5
1-5 . 2000
1-2 . 12 . 1-2 .
1.5-3 . 5 4-8 .
5 2 .
3 Mukia javanica (Miq.) C. Jeffrey
2 . 3 Karivia javanica Miq.
1-3 .
0.7-1 . 3 2-4 . 3-5 2-10 .
1-5 . 6-9 . 3-6 1-4 .
1.5-3 . 1-1.5 . 1.5-2.5 .
1000 1.5-2 . 1-4
1 . 1-1.5 . 1-2 .
Gymnopetalum Arn. 4 2 8-18 5 .
G. chinense (Lour.) Merr.
gymnos petalon 1500

de Wilde, W.J.J.O. and B.E.E. Duyfjes. (2008). Cucurbitaceae. In Flora of
Thailand Vol. 9(4): 442-447.
Mukia maderaspatana (L.) M. Roem.
Cucumis maderaspatanus L.

3-5 2-10 .
2-20
2-7 . 1.5-4 .
1-1.5 . 1.5-4 . 1-2 .
1-8 1-4 .
0.5-1.5 . 2-5 . 10-20
3-4 .

1300

: de Wilde, W.J.J.O. and B.E.E. Duyfjes. (2008). Cucurbitaceae. In Flora of
(: , : ; - RP) Thailand Vol. 9(4): 471-475.
184

Ipomoea obscura (L.) Ker Gawl.
Convolvulaceae
Convolvulus obscurus L.
2 .
: M. gracilis
2-8 . 1.5-3.5 .
(: - BD) 1-3 1-4 .
1.5 . 0.8-2 . 3-4 .
2-2.5 .

6-8 .
4-5 . ( , )

: M. javanica 3-5 1-4 (: - PK)

: M. maderaspatana 3-5 (: - BD)
Scopellaria marginata (Blume) W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes

: 1-3
Cucurbitaceae (: - RP)
Bryonia marginata Blume, Zehneria marginata (Blume) Keraudren

3-5 4-16 . Solandra maxima (Moc. & Sess ex Dunal) P. S. Green
1-5 . Solanaceae
1-3 1.5-6 . 25 Datura maxima Moc. & Sess ex Dunal
0.5-2 . 2-7 . 15 .
5 1 . 1-5 .
1-1.5 . 1-2 5-8 .
0.5-3 . 2-5 16-24 . 5
3 2 . 5
1-1.5 . 3-6 . 8-10 .
0.9-1.3 . 2 4
2
1500 4-5 .

Scopellaria W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes 2 S. grandiflora Sw.
var. penangense (C. B. Clarke) W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes
S. diversifolia (Merr.) W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes
Scopella Pucciniaceae Solandra Sw. 10
Daniel Carl Solander (1733-1782)

Thailand Vol. 9(4): 492-495. Bernardello, L.M. and A.T. Hunziker. (1987). A synoptical revision of Solandra
(Solanaceae). Nordic Journal of Botany 7(6): 639-652.
:
3 (: - RP) : (: cultivated - RP)
185

Connarus cochinchinensis (Baill.) Pierre Vigna adenantha (G. Mey.) Marchal, Mascherpa & Stainier
Connaraceae Phaseolus adenanthus G. Mey.
Tricholobus cochinchinensis Baill. 3-3.5 .
3.5-12.5 . 5.5-11 .
5-7 3-13 . 3-4.5 . 9-22 .
5-7 3.5-4.5 .
10 . 5 3-4 . 5 2-2.5 . 2.5-3 .
6-8 . 5-8 .
5 5 9-14 . 7 .

2
2-3 .
2
Vigna umbellata (Thunb.) Ohwi & H. Ohashi
Dolichos umbellatus Thunb.

Connarus L. 80 1-2 . 5-7 .
6 4-19 . 5.2-12.7 .
Ellipanthus 2.5-5 . 10-15.5 . 8-11.5 .
3 2
konnaros 1.2-1.4 . 1 .

1-1.3 . 1.5-1.8 . 1.5-1.7 .
Vidal, J.E. (1972). Connaraceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(2): 130. 4.2-8 . 2-3 .
6-7 . 0.4-1 .

1600

Vigna luteola (Jacq.) Benth.
Dolichos luteolus Jacq.

2-3 .
2.2-7 . 3.8-9.3 .
2-3 .
9-30 . 8-28 . 4 1-1.5 .
: 5 5 1.5-2 . 1.2-1.5 . 1.2-1.4 .
2 (: - PK) 1-1.3 . 1.1-1.5 .
4.5-5.5 . 2 . 5-6 .
, 4-5 .
Vigna Savi
Fabaceae

3 Thun, N.V. (1979). Leguminosae-Phaseoleae. Flore du Cambodge, Laos et
du Vietnam. 17: 175-199.
4-5 Wu, D., and M. Thulin. (2010). Fabaceae (Vigna) In Flora of China Vol. 10:
255-259.
1-2

10
9 1

Vigna Faboideae Phaseoleae
Phaseolus Dolichos 100-150
13-15
V. radiata (L.) R. Wilczek V. angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H. Ohashi
V. unguiculata (L.) Walp. subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc. :
Domenico Vigna (1577-1647) (: - RM)
186

Centrosema pubescens Benth.
Fabaceae
2-3 .
3 2.5-6 . 2.5-10 .

2-4 2.5-7 .
6-9 .
: (: , : 5
; - RM)
2 2-3 .

2 9
1 7-13 .
7-15 4-5 .

C. molle Mart. ex Benth.
: (: - RM)

Centrosema (DC.) Benth. Faboideae Phaseoleae
45
Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd. kentron sema
Fabaceae

Mimosa virgata L. Sa, S. and M.G. Gilbert. (2010). Fabaceae (Centrosema). In Flora of China Vol.
3 . 7-8 10: 202.
2 2.4-8 . 2.5-5 .
1 1-7 2.5-7 . 10-25
4-9 .

2-7.5 .
5
2 . 5 4 .
5-10 0.8-1 .
10 5-9 .
2.4-3 . 2

Desmanthus Willd. Mimosoideae 24 : 3 (: - RP)
desmos
anthos
Vigna marina (Burm.) Merr.
Le Hourou, H.L. (2012). Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd. Food and Agriculture Fabaceae
Organization of the United Nations. http://www.fao.org/ag/AGP/AGPC/ Phaseolus marinus Burm.
doc/Gbase/data/pf000151.htm
3-4.5 .
1.5-2 . 2.2-19 .
3.3-10.3 . 3-6 .
8-20 . 4.7-16 .
1.2-1.6 . 1.2 . 2
1-1.3 . 1-1.2 . 1-1.5 .
4-6.6 .
2 . 5-6 . 4-7
5-6 . ( , )

Thun, N.V. (1979). Leguminosae-Phaseoleae. Flore du Cambodge, Laos et
: 2 du Vietnam 17: 180.
(: - MP) Wu, D., and M. Thulin. (2010). Fabaceae (Vigna). In Flora of China Vol. 10: 256.
187

1000
Iodes Blume 19 2 I. vitiginea
(Hance) Hance
ios iodes

Peng, H. and R.A. Howard. (2008). Icacinaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 11:
511-512.
Sleumer, H. (1970). Icacinaceae. In Flora of Thailad Vol. 2(1): 85-87.
: (: ,
: ; - RM)

Argyreia lanceolata Choisy
: (: - PK; : - RP)
Convolvulaceae
5 . 6-17 .
0.5-2 . Stauntonia brunoniana (Decne.) Hemsl.
1-3 0.6-1 . Lardizabalaceae
1.2 . 3 Parvatia brunoniana Decne.
1.2-2 .
5-6.3 . 3
2.6-3.4 . 5 2 3-8 . 7-15 .
3.6-4 . 7-8 . 1-5 .
3-4.5 . ( , ) 2-5
6
1.5 .
9 . 5-7 . 6
100-800
3 1.5-2 . 1-1.5 .
Staples, G. and P. Traiperm. (2010). Convolvulaceae (Argyreia). In Flora of 3
Thailand Vol. 10(3): 350-351. 3.5 .

450-1700
Stauntonia DC. 25

Sir George Leonard Staunton (1737-1801)

Chen, D. and T. Shimizu. (2001). Lardizabalaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 6:
: 1-3 447-448.
(: - PK) Larsen, K. (2005). Lardizabalaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 9(1). 39-41.

Iodes cirrhosa Turcz.
Icacinaceae

2 5-18 .
1-3.5 .
2-12 . 1-4 .
5 2 .
5 2-3 .
5

1.2-2 . : 3 6
(: - HB)
188

Xenostegia tridentata (L.) D. F. Austin & Staples Pothos macrocephalus Scort. ex Hook. f.
Convolvulaceae 15 . 3-18 .
Convolvulus tridentatus L., Ipomoea tridentata (L.) Roth, Merremia 2-4
tridentata (L.) Hallier f.
0.5-3.5 . 4-10 .
0.4-1.2 .
1-3 1-6 . 1.2-1.8 . 2.7-4 .
6-8 . 5 6-8 . 1-2 . 1-5 1-1.7 .

1.5 . 5 5 50-300
2
2
5-7 . 1-4 3-4 . Pothos neoroxburghii P. C. Boyce
15 .
2-10 . 2 2-20 .
500
0.3-1 .
Xenostegia D. F. Austin & Staples 2
0.3-1.5 . 0.4-1 .

0.9-1.2 .
xenos Calystegia Calystegia
1-1.5 . 1-2 . 1-5
1-1.8 .
(pollen pantoporate) (G. Staples, pers. comm.)

500
Fang, R. and G. Staples. (1995). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 16: 300. P. chinensis (Raf.) Merr.

Boyce, P.C. (2012). Araceae (Pothos). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 11(2): 254-262.
: 1-3
(: - RP; : - PK)
: P. macrocephalus (: - RP)
,
Pothos L.
Araceae

2-4 (pothoid
venation)

4-6 4-6
3
1-3
Pothos 75 : P. neoroxburghii
8 (: - RP;
P. scandens L. : - PK; : - NP)
189

Phanera integrifolia (Roxb.) Benth. Secamone villosa Blume
Fabaceae Apocynaceae
Bauhinia integrifolia Roxb. Toxocarpus villosus (Blume) Decne.
10 .
12 . 1-5 .
3 . 4.5-12 . 1-1.5 . 3-10 .
3-5 . 2-3 2 . 5 3 .
0.8-1.5 . 5
3 2 0.8-1 . 5
5 . 15-20 . 5
5-8 ( , )
8-18 .
900 0.5-1 . 1 .
2 .

700
Secamone R. Br. Toxocarpus
Secamonoideae 130
6
squamona S. aegyptiaca W. T. Aiton

: (: - RP; : - SSi)
Klackenberg, J. (2010). New species and combinations of Secamone (Apocy-
naceae, Secamonoideae) from South East Asia. Blumea 55: 231-241.
Li, B., M.G. Gilbert and W.D. Stevens. (1995). Asclepiadaceae (Toxocarpus). In
Flora of China Vol. 16: 198.
Tiliacora triandra (Colebr.) Diels
Menispermaceae
Cocculus triandrus Colebr.

5-17 . 2-6
0.5-2 .
2-8 .
6-12 2 .
3 6 1 . 3 2 .
6
8-9
0.7-1 .
3-4 . 2-3 .
:
(: - PK)
300

Derris scandens (Roxb.) Benth.
Tiliacora Colebr. 25 Fabaceae
2 1 Dalbergia scandens Roxb.
T. acuminata (Lam.) Miers T. racemosa Colebr.
9-13 2-5 .
3-8 .
Forman, L.L. (1991). Menispermaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(3): 345-346.
1.5-5 . 5-28 .
1.5-5 . 2-6 .
5-10 6-9 .

2 . 2 3
5-8 .
10 2 9
0.9-1.2 . 4.5-9 .
: (: cultivated - RP) 1-2 . 7 .
190

5 .
0.6-1 .
750
5-6 .
Derris Lour. Faboideae Millettieae ( , )
50 16
derris

800
Sirichamorn, Y. (2013). Systematics and biogeography of Aganope, Brachypterum
and Derris (Fabaceae) in Asia. Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Sector Botany,
Leiden, The Netherlands.
Merremia gemella (Burm. f.) Hallier f.
Convolvulus gemellus Burm. f.
3 2.5-6.5 .
1.5-6 .
10 .
3-6 . 4-6 .
3 6-7 .
1.5-2 .
7 . (
, )
:
(: - WW)

400
Ipomoea pileata Roxb.
Convolvulaceae Fang, R. and G. Staples. (1995). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 16: 293.
1-2 .
2.5-9 .
1.5-6 . 7 .
2.5-5.5 .

0.8-1 . 2.5-3 .

: 3
5-6 . 3-4 . (, ) (: - RP)

500

:
(: - PK)

Rourea mimosoides (Vahl) Planch.
:
(: - PK) Connaraceae
Connarus mimosoides Vahl
25
Merremia hederacea (Burm. f.) Hallier f. 1-3 .
Convolvulaceae
Evolvulus hederaceus Burm. f. 1-3 12 .
5 1.5-2 . 5
3 1.5-7.5 . 3-5 . 10 5
0.5-5 . 2
5 . 2-5 . 1.5 .
191

Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub.
800
Fabaceae
Rourea Aubl. 60-70 3 2 R. minor Erythrina monosperma Lam.
(Gaertn.) Alston R. prainiana Talbot 5 20 .
3 10 . 14-17 .

Vidal, J.E. (1972). Connaraceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(2): 122-125. 5 . 0.5-1 .
50 .
1-1.2 .
2 3 5-5.5 .

2
9 1
12-15 .
1.5 . 3-3.5 .

750

Butea Roxb. ex Willd. Faboideae Phaseoleae
: (: - PK) 4 2 B. superba Roxb.

John Stuart, 3rd Earl of
Antheroporum glaucum Z. Wei Bute (1713-1792)
Fabaceae
Chen, D., Dianxiang Zhang and M. Thulin. (2010). Fabaceae (Butea). In Flora
20 . 1-3 25-30 . of China Vol. 10: 222.
6-7 . 12-22 .
0.5-1 .
2-5 7-10 .
1-2 3 .
5 . 7 .

3-5.5 . 1-2

300
Antheroporum Gagnep. Faboideae Millettieae
4-5
anthera poros :
(: cultivated; - PK, - SSi, - RP)

Wei, Z. and L. Pedley. (2010). Fabaceae (Antheroporum). In Flora of China Vol.
10: 173.
Koompassia malaccensis Maingay ex Benth.
Fabaceae
60 .
5-9
5-13 .
1-2.5 .
5 5
2.5 . 5

12-13 .
3 .

: 1-3 (: - MP) 700
192

Koompassia Maingay ex Benth. Caesalpinioideae

2
K. excelsa (Becc.) Taub. 80
Decaschistia parviflora Kurz
kempas Malvaceae
1 .
Larsen, K., S.S. Larsen and J.E. Vidal. (1984). Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae. 12 .
0.5-4 .
10 3-5 . 5
1 . 5
2-3.5 . 5-8 .

8-10 1.5 .
1.5 .

300
Decaschistia Wight & Arn. 10-16
: (: - MP); : 3-4 D. intermedia Craib
(: - MP)
D. siamensis Craib
D. crotonifolia
Wight & Arn.
Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth deka schistos
Malpighiaceae 10
Malpighia crassifolia L.

5-10 . Phuphathanaphong, L. (1999). Decaschistia (Malvaceae) in Thailand. Thai Forest
5-17 . Bulletin (Botany) 27: 83-85.
1-1.5 . 7-20 .
5 2
5 4
8 .
10 3 .
3
1 . 1-3

Byrsonima Rich. ex Kunth 135
byrsa nema

:
Staples, G.W. and D.R. Herbst. (2005). A tropical garden flora. Bishop Museum 10 (: - PK; : - RP)
: 2 : 10 (: - RP; : - PK,
(: cultivated - RP) D. crotonifolia); : (: - RP)
193

Erythrina L. 100 4
E. corallodendron L.
Gmelina elliptica Sm. E. crista-galli L. erythros
Lamiaceae

Sa, R. and M.G. Gilbert. (2010). Fabaceae (Erythrina). In Flora of China Vol.
10: 238-239.
3-4
0.5-3 . 1-2 .
3-5 .
1-1.5 .
4 3
0.5-1.3 . 1
2 1.5 .
1-1.8 . 2-2.5 .
:
1-2 . ( , ) (: - PK; : cultivated - RP)

G. asiatica L. Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth
Bignoniaceae
Bignonia stans L.
3-6 .
de Kok, R. (2012). A revision of the genus Gmelina (Lamiaceae). Kew Bulletin 2-4 2.5-15 .
67(3): 306-308.
5-12 .
5-8 . 5 2-3 .
3.5-6 . 5
1-1.5 . 2
2 .
1 1.8-2 .
2 2
12-16 .
1 . 1 .
:

2 (: - RP)
Tecoma Juss. 14
2 T. capensis (Thunb.)
Lindl.
texomachit

Nasir, Y.J., E. Nasir and S.L. Ali. (1979). Tecoma Juss. (Bignoniaceae). Flora
: (: - RP)
of West Pakistan 131: 14-15.
Erythrina variegata L.
Fabaceae
20 . 1 .
3 10-15 .
4-25 . 30 . 1
3
10-15 . 7-10 . :
0.3-1 . 2-3 . 2 (: cultivated - MP)
5-6 .
2
9 1 4-6 .
10-45 . 2-10

1200
194

,
Rennellia Korth. Rennellia microcephala (Ridl.) K. M. Wong
Rubiaceae Myrioneuron microcephalum Ridl.
2 4 . 3-4 .
5-13 . 0.4-1.2 .
2-5
4-5 6-8 . 1.2-2 .
5 0.8-1.2 . 3 . 5 .
1 .
2
100-600
2

Rennellia 5-6 Johansson, J.T. (1989). Revision of the genus Rennellia Korth. (Rubiaceae-
4 James Rubioideae). Blumea 34: 3-19.
Rennell (1742-1830) Wong, K.M. (1989). Rubiaceae. In Tree Flora Malaya 4: 404-405.
Rennellia speciosa (Wall. ex Kurz) Hook. f.

Morinda speciosa Wall. ex Kurz
7 . 3.5-7 .
8-22 . 0.5-3 . 4-12
1-5 . 2-9 : 4 (:
3-7 . 5 . 1.5-2.5 . - , : ; - RP)
0.7-1.2 . 3-4 .
5-6 . 1-2 .
1-4

300
Rennellia morindiformis (Korth.) Ridl.

Tribrachya morindiformis Korth.
8 . 3-8 .
10-25 . 1-3.5 .
1-4 . 1.5-7.5 . : 2-6
2-13 0.5-1 . 2-6 (: - MP)
1.5 . 1.7-2 . 1-1.5 .
4-5 .
1-1.5 .

300-600
Rennellia elliptica Korth.

Rennellia elongata (King & Gamble) Ridl., R. speciosa (Wall. ex
: 5
Kurz) Hook. f. var. elongata King & Gamble (: - MP)
2 . 0.5-1..
10-40 . 1-6 . 14-20 .
40
3 1-2 .
1.5-3 . 0.8-1.5 . 4-6 .
3-6 .
1.5-2 . 3
: 2-5
(: - RP)
100
195

Vatica philastreana Pierre

Dipterocarpaceae
Diospyros addita H. R. Fletcher, Vatica thorelii Pierre
25 .
6-13 .
0.7-1.2 . 4-9 . 1-1.3 .
2 . 1.5 .
15 3 : 2
(: ; - NS; - PK)
2 .
3 1-1.2 .
1 . ( , ) Kerriodoxa elegans J. Dransf.
Arecaceae
100-200
1-4 . 10 .
18-25 .
Smitinand, T., J.E. Vidal and P.H. H. (1990). Dipterocarpaceae. Flore du 2 . 45-60 . 100
Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam. 25: 57. 1.5-3 .

15-20 . 30 . 10-15 .
3 . 6
35-40 .
30 . 12 . 5-6 .
6 3.5-5 . 1-2
2.5-3 .

:
(: - RP) Kerriodoxa J. Dransf. Coryphoideae
Arthur Francis George Kerr (1877-1942)

Litsea phuwuaensis Ngerns. (BK)
Lauraceae

2.5 . Barfod, A.S. and J. Dransfield. (2013). Arecaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 11(3):
422-425.
Dransfield, J. (1983). Kerriodoxa, a new Coryphoid palm genus from Thailand.
7-25 . Principes. Vol. 27(1): 3-11.
0.3-1 .
2
3.5-5 . 4-6
2-2.5 . 1-2 . 6-8 2
1.5-2.5 .
2 4
1-2 . 0.8-1 .
0.8-1.2 . 5 .

150-200
Litsea Lam. Cinnamomeae 400

35 Lindera :
2 Neolitsea 4 (: - RP)
(dimerous) (trimerous) Litsea
Lindera litse
Punica granatum L.

Ngernsaengsaruay, C. (2004). A new species of Litsea (Lauraceae) from Thailand. Lythraceae
Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 32: 110-114. 5 .
Ngernsaengsaruay, C., D.J. Middleton and K. Chayamarit. (2011). A revision of
the genus Litsea Lam. (Lauraceae) in Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 2-10 .
39: 40-119. 1-5
196

2-3.5 . 5-8
1 . 1.5-3 . Aeschynanthus radicans Jack

5-12 . Gesneriaceae

1-5 . 1-5 .
Granada 1-3 5-6 . 0.7-1.4 .
1.3-2 . 2-8 .
Punica L. Punicaceae 2 P. protopunica 4.7-5.8 . 0.6-1 .
Balf. f. Socotra 0.7-1 . 2.2-2.4 .
puniceus malum panicum 0.6-1.5 . 19-35 .
Carthaginian Pomegranate 1 . 6-8 . ( , )

granatum 100-900 A. pulcher (Blume)
G. Don
Flora of Thailand Vol. 11(4): 583-586. Middleton, D.J. (2007). A revision of Aeschynanthus (Gesneriaceae) in Thailand.
Edinburgh Journal of Botany 64(3): 414-418.
: (: cultivated - NP)
Diospyros cauliflora Blume

:
Ebenaceae (: - SSi)
10 . 11-15 .
8-12 0.5-1 .
2-5 . Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex G. Don
2 . 2-3 . Apocynaceae
16-20 30 . 3-4
5.5-28 . 0.5-2.5 .
6 8-10 3.5-12 .
1.5-3 . 2-5 . 1-2 .
3-5 . 5 .
( , ) 4-7 .
2.5 . 22-40 .
800 4-8 . 1 .
( , )

300

: : 3-4 (:
(: - RP) - RP; : - DM)
197

,
Ceropegia L.
600
Apocynaceae

Phengklai, C. (1981). Ebenaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(4): 364-366.

5
5
5 (gynostegium)
2 5 2
5 2

Ceropegia Asclepioideae 170
10 keros
pege
Ceropegia arnottiana Wight : (: - RP)

5-15 .
1-3 0.5-1.2 .
5 . 4-7 . Caesalpinia crista L.
Fabaceae

15 . 3.5-4 . 10 .
2-4 10-20 . 2-6
2-6 . 5 .
200-900 10-20 . 0.5-1.5 .

6 .
Albers, F. and U. Meve (eds.). (2004). Illustrated handbook of succulent plants: 1 .
Asclepiadaceae, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
3-7 .
1-1.2 . ( , )

:
(: - PK)
Diospyros latisepala Ridl.

: 10
Ebenaceae (: - NP; : - RP)
25 . 11-26 .
6-10 0.5-1.5 .
1.2 . 4-8 . Tacca leontopetaloides (L.) Kuntze
0.7-1 . 4-8 Dioscoreaceae
2-8 . Leontice leontopetaloides L.
4 120 . 70 . 3
4-5 3-4 . 20-170 . 1-2
2-3 . 10 . 2 . 4-12 2
( , ) 2.5-10 . 10-25 .
198

6 2 ,
4-7 . 5-8 . 6 Impatiens L.

2-3 . ( , ) Balsaminaceae

(lateral sepals) 2 4
Phengklai, C. (1993). Taccaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(1): 5-7. (lower sepal)
2 5 (upper petal)
(lateral united petals)
(basal wings) (distal wings)
5
2 4-5
1-5

Impatiens Hydrocera
2 Impatiens
: (: - RP; 1000 80
: - PK)
I. balsamina L.
I. hawkeri W. Bull I. repens Moon ex Wight I.
walleriana Hook. f. impatient
Melochia umbellata (Houtt.) Stapf
Malvaceae
Visenia umbellata Houtt.
10 . Impatiens jiewhoei Triboun & Suksathan
10-24 . 5 70 .
5-15 . 2-15 . 1-7.5 .
3-4 . 0.5-1.5 . 4 0.5-1 .
5 5 3 . 1.5 .
5-6 . 5 1.8 . 1 .
5 5 2 .
1-1.5 . 5 1 2.3 .
6-7 . 1 . 1.5-2.5 .

Melochia L. Sterculiaceae Byttner- 100 Tan Jiew-Hoe
ioideae 50-60 2 M. corchorifolia L.

meli echo

Impatiens longiloba Craib
Phengklai, C. (2001). Sterculiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(3): 590-595. 50 . 3-11 .
Tang, Y., M.G. Gilbert and L.J. Dorr. (2007). Sterculiaceae. In Flora of China 3 .
Vol. 12: 320. 3-5 . 2-4 1-1.5 .
4 . 4
6 . 4 .
8 . 3 .
1-1.3 .
2.5 . 4
2.5 .

2000-2500

Impatiens chiangdaoensis T. Shimizu
10-50 .
: 5 5 (:

, : ; - RP); : (: - RP)
199

1 . 3-5 . 2 2 . 1.5 .
3-5 . 6-8 . 5-7 . 2.5 . 8 .
2-3 . 1.2-1.4 . 1 .
2 .
1 . 0.7-1.3 .
1.5 . 1.5 .

1000-2000 850

Impatiens repens Moon ex Wight Shimizu, T. (1970). Contribution to the Flora of Southeast Asia. II. Impatiens of
Thailand and Malaya. Southeast Asian Studies 8: 187-217.
________. (1991). New species of the Thai Impateins (1). Journal of Japanese
1-1.7 . 0.7-1.2 . Botany 66(3): 166-171
2-3 Suksathan, P. and P. Triboun. (2009). Ten new species of Impatiens (Balsami-
1-2 . 2-4 . naceae) from Thailand. Gardens Bulletin Singapore 61(1): 159-184.
2 3.5-5 .
1.5-1.7 .
7-8 . 1-1.4 .
2-2.3 . 1.1-1.2 .
1.6-1.7 .

Impatiens violiflora Hook. f. :

50 . (: - PK)
8 .
4 . 1-3.5 .
2 1-3 . 5-6 .
2.5-4 .
1-1.2 .
1.5-1.8 .
1.5 .

700-2000
Impatiens doitungensis Triboun & Sonsupab

10-20 . 2-5 . :
2 4 (: ; - RP, - NK)
0.5-2 . 1-4 .
4 7 .
2 .
2 . 2.5 . 1-1.3 .
1.4 .
2 .
1-1.2 .
1.5 . :
(: ; - PR, - SSi)

1300
Impatiens daraneenae Suksathan & Triboun

50 . 6.5 .
4 . 2-3
1.5 . 5 . :
(: cultivated - RP)
200

Abroma Jacq. Sterculiaceae

Byttnerioideae broma
a

Vol. 12: 322.
:
(: - PK)
:
(: - RP)

Impatiens platypetala Lindl.
Balsaminaceae
Impatiens betongensis Craib
:
30-50 .
(: - SSi) 12 .
0.5-4 .
3-7 . 2 8-9 .
2-4 . 1.5 .
2-2.5 .
2
1.5-2 . ( , )

200-500 I. griffithii Hook. f. & Thomson var. sarcantha
: (Hook. f. ex Ridl.) T. Shimizu
(: - - PK)

Abroma augusta (L.) L. f. Impatiens masonii Hook. f.
Malvaceae Impatiens pseudochinensis T. Shimizu
Theobroma augustum L.
30-50 . 3-15 .
1-5 .
0.5-1 . 3-5 4-18 . 3-5 . 2
8-22 . 0.7-1 . 1-1.5 . 1 . 2.5-3.5 .
1-3 18 . 1.2-1.8 . 2.5-3.5 .
5-10 . 1-5 5 2-2.5 . 1.2-1.5 .
1.5-1.8 . 5 ( , )
2-2.5 .
15
5 5
5 800-1300
4-6 . 2.5-3 . 5 I. chinensis L.
4 . 2 .

Impatiens mengtszeana Hook. f.
60 .
500 3.5-8 . 2.5 .
3-5 . 1-2
201

7 . 1-2.5 . 2
1 . 1.8 . 1.5 .
1.5-2 . 1.3-1.6 .
1.5 .
1-1.5 . (
, )
:
800-1500 (: - PK)

Impatiens psittacina Hook. f.
30 .
7 .
2.5-4 .
2 1 . : 1-2
1.8 . 2.5 . 5 . (: - SSi)
1.6-1.8 .

2.5 . ( , )

1000-2000

Impatiens clavigera Hook. f.
60 .
5-18 . 1-2 .
2-10 . 1-2 . 3-4 .
:
4 0.8-1.2 . (: - PK)
1.7 .
2 . 2-2.5 . 1 .
2 . 2-2.5 .

1.5 . ( , )

1200-1500
bang feng xian hua

Chen, Y., S. Akiyama and T. Shimizu. (2007). Balsaminaceae. In Flora of China :
Vol. 12: 63, 92. (: - SSi)
Shimizu, T. (1970). Contribution to the Flora of Southeast Asia II. Impatiens of
Hydrocera triflora (L.) Wight & Arn.
Balsaminaceae
Impatiens triflora L.
1.5 .

1 .
0.5-1.5 . 3-5 0.5-1 .
1-3 .
4 1-1.5 .
1.5-2 . 6-8 . 5
1.5-2 . 2-2.5 .
1.3-1.5 . 5
: 3-5
1 . 5
(: - MP) 5 7-8 . 0.8-1 .
202

100 Impatiens nalampoonii T. Shimizu
Hydrocera Blume ex Wight & Arn. 30-40 .
Impatiens 4 . 1-2 .
2 8 .
2.3 . 2 .
1.7 .
Chen, Y., S. Akiyama and H. Ohba. (2007). Balsaminaceae. In Flora of China
Vol. 12: 113. 7 .
Grey-Wilson, C. (1980). Hydrocera triflora, its floral morphology and relationship 2.5 . 1.8 .
with Impatiens. Kew Bulletin 35: 213-219. 1.5 . (
, )

100-800

Impatiens charanii T. Shimizu
60 . 3-22 .
3 .
3 . 4
8 .
2 1.3 .
1.2 .
: 3-5 2.5 . 1
5 (: , : ; - RP)
1.5 . ( , )

Impatiens griffithii Hook. f. & Thomson var. sarcantha (Hook. f. ex 100-300 .
Ridl.) T. Shimizu
Balsaminaceae
Impatiens sarcantha Hook. f. ex Ridl.

Impatiens macrosepala Hook. f.
40 .
3-5 20-50 . 5-17 .

3-7 . 2 10 .
8 . 7-9 . 1-2 . 3-3.5 . 1.5 . 4 1-1.2 .
1.2-1.6 . 3 .
1.5-2 . 1 . 5 . 2
1.5 . ( , ) 8 . 1.4-1.8 .

() 2-3 . (
, )
1200
I. platypetala Lindl. var. griffithii
150

Impatiens patula Craib Impatiens spectabilis Triboun & Suksathan
10-40 . 8 . 40 .
3 . 5-11 .
2.5 . 1-3.5 . 3 .
3-3.5 . 4 0.6-1 .
5 . 2-3 . 1.4 . 6 .
7 . 4.5 . 1.3 .
1.4 . 1.7-2.3 .
( , ) ( , )

1000 100-200
203

Impatiens phuluangensis T. Shimizu
50-60 .
3.5 .
2-3 5-6 .
2 6-8 .
1 . 4-5 .
2.5 . 2 .
4 .
1.4 .
(
, )
:
(: - RP)

1300-1500

Impatiens kanburiensis T. Shimizu
1 .
4.5 .
1-2 . 0.5-1.5 . :
(: - PK)
4 2
8 .
1 1 .
2 . 1.2 .
( , )

100-350

Impatiens radiata Hook. f. :
1 (: - RP)
80 .
6-14 . 0.5-2.5 .
20 .
1-3 .
2 6-7 .
2 .
1-1.4 . 1 .
3 . 2 . ( , )

: 2
2400-2500 (: - PK)

Chen, Y., S. Akiyama & T. Shimizu. (2007). Balsaminaceae. In Flora of China
Vol. 12: 76.
Shimizu, T. (1970). Contribution to the Flora of Southeast Asia II. Impatiens of
________. (1991). New species of the Thai Impatiens (1). Journal of Japanese
Botany 66(3): 166-171.
: : (: - RP); :
(: - RP) (: - PK)
204

Impatiens putii Craib
Balsaminaceae
60 . 3-6 .
1 5 .

: 2 1
(: ; - RP, - SSi) 2-5 . 4 1 .
2 . 0.8-1 .
3 . 2.5 .
2.5 .
1.5-1.7 . ( , )

100

Impatiens santisukii T. Shimizu
: 50 . 1.5-6 .
(: ; - NK, - RP)
1-3 .
2.5 . 2
1 . 5-6 .
Pemphis acidula J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. 1-1.5 . 0.8-1 .
Lythraceae 1-1.2 .
5 .
1.5 . ( , )
0.5-3 . 1-2 .
1 900-1600 I. violiflora Hook. f.
0.5-1.5 . 4-6 . 12
6
6 5-8 .
12 6
1 Impatiens sirindhorniae Triboun & Suksathan
6-9 . 50 .
0.5-1 . 3-4 .
2-7.5 . 3-6.5 .
4 6-7 . 2 .
6 .
2.5 . 1
2 .
Pemphis J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. 2.5 . (
pemphidos , )

20-150

Impatiens suksathanii Ruchis. & Triboun
50 .
5-9 .
3 .. 1-3
0.9-1.2 . 4 2-3 .
2.5-4 . 5-5.5 .
3-5 . 5 .
5-6 .
5 . 1 .
1 . ( , )

: 6 100-400 .
(: - RP)
205

4 .
Ruchisansakun, S., P. Triboun and T. Jenjitikul. (2014). A new species of Impatiens 3 1-1.5 .
(Balsaminaceae) from southwestern Thailand. Phytotaxa 174(4): 237-241.
Shimizu, T. (2000). New species of Thai Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) 2. Bulletin 0.7-1.8 . 2-2.5 .
of the National Science Museum. Tokyo, Series B (Botany) 29: 39. ( , )
Suksathan, P. and P. Triboun. (2009). Ten new species of Impatiens (Balsami-
naceae) from Thailand. Gardens Bulletin Singapore 61(1): 174.
900-1200

Nangngam, P. and J.F. Maxwell. (2013). Didymocarpus (Gesneriaceae) in
Thailand. Gardens Bulletin Singapore 65(2): 213-214.
:
(: - RP)
: 2
(: - MP)

Physalis angulata L.
: Solanaceae
(: - RP) 30-100 .
3-6 . 1-3 .
0.5-1.5 . 4-5 .
5

4-8 . 5
5 3-4 .

2 1-1.2 .
10
:
(: - PK)
1500
Physalis L. 75
2 P. minima L.
P. peruviana L.
physa

Zhang, Z.Y., A. Lu and W.G. DArcy. (1994). Solanaceae. In Flora of China
Vol. 17: 311-312.
: 1-3
(: - PK)
Didymocarpus ovatus Barnett

Gesneriaceae
50 .
5-15 .
1.5-9 . 6-9 .
4 . 3-5 .
4-4.5 .
1.5-2 .
: 10
6 . 4 . 2 (: - RP); : (: - RP)
206

, 3-5 1
1 45 F. annulata Blume
Ficus L. F. benghalensis L. F. benjamina L. F. orthoneura H.
Moraceae Lv. & Vaniot F. religiosa L. F. rumphii Blume

Ficus fulva Reinw. ex Blume
(cystoliths)
syconium 20 . 0.8-3.2 .
fig 2-6 6-35 .
1-5 3-7
3-5 1-2 30 .
gall flower (wasp)
neuter flower 1.2-2.5 . 2-5 .
4 . ( Ficus)

Ficus 800

115 7-8
1800
F. carica L.
6
Ficus benjamina L.
1. Ficus figs
3 35 . 0.5-2.8 .
3-5 1-4 2-14 .
20 0.5-2 .
F. fulva Reinw. ex Blume F. hirta Vahl F. ischnopoda
Miq. 0.5-1.8 .
1-2 .
2. Pharmacosycea figs ( Urostigma)

3 3-5 2-6
1-3 5 F. callosa Willd.
1300
3. Sycidium figs
1-3
Ficus microcarpa L. f.
3-6 1
3-6 15 F. 30 .
anastomosans Wall. ex Kurz F. heterophylla L. f. 0.5-1.5 . 2-14 .
F. montana Burm. f. 1
0.5-3 .
4. Sycomorus figs
0.5-1 . 1.5-2 .
3-7 3
3 ( Urostigma)
2 2-3 2
3-6 1

16 F. auriculata Lour. F. racemosa L.

F. schwarzii Koord. F. semicordata Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.
1100
5. Synoecia
figs
figs Ficus anastomosans Wall. ex Kurz
3
1-2 7 2-3 .
14 2-10 .
F. pumila L. F. punctata Thunb.
1 .
6. Urostigma
1 figs 4-5 .
2-3 1-2 . 3 1 . 1 .
2-5 ( Sycidium)
207

3 .
1 . 1.5 .
900

Berg, C.C., N. Pattharahirantricin and B. Chantarasuwan. (2011). Moraceae in 50-300

Chayamarit, K. (2010). Anacardiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 10(3): 274-276.
: figs
(: - - RP)
:
(: ; - PK, - RP)

Typha angustifolia L.
Typhaceae
1.5-3 .
50-120 .
8-40 .
2-7 . 1-3
: figs (: cultivated - RP)
5-30 . 0.6-2 .
2.5-7 .
3 1.5-2 .

5 .
1-1.5 .

: 1 figs (: - RP)

Typha L. Poales 16
typhos

Simpson, D.A. (2008). Typhaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 9(2): 176-178.
: figs Wee, Y.C. and H. Keng. (1990). An illustrated dictionary of Chinese medicinal
(: - RP) herbs. Times Edition Pte Ltd., Time Centre, Singapore.
Buchanania siamensis Miq.

Anacardiaceae
5-10 .

4-8 . 1-5 .

3-5 . 1.5-3 . 1 . 5
2.5 . 5 3-5 . :
10 10 (: ; - PK, - RP)
208

Aristolochia dinghoui F. Gonzlez & Poncy 1000
Aristolochiaceae

Cleistanthus tomentosus Hance
6-12 .
3-6 . 1-2 . 5 .
2-3 . 2-3 . 3-6 .
4-5 . 8 . 1.2-1.5 . 5-15.5 . 5-7 .
2 . 6 6 1-2 . 2-4.5 .
1.2-1.6 . 6-8 . 2 . 8 . 1 .
( , ) 1 .
0.5 . 3
9 . 5 .
300
A. harmandiana Pierre ex Lecomte
400

Gonzlez, F. and O. Poncy. (1999). A new species of Aristolochia (Aristolo-
chiaceae). Brittonia 51: 452-456. Li, B. and S. Dressler. (2008). Euphorbiaceae (Cleistanthus). In Flora of China
Phuphathanaphong, L. (1987). Aristolochiaceae (Aristolochia harmandiana Vol. 11: 172-173.
Pierre ex Lecomte). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(1): 10. Roisungnern, K. and K. Chayamarit. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Cleistanthus). In
:
(: - RP) : C. helferi 3 (:
- RP); : C. tomentosus (: - NP)
, ,
Cleistanthus Hook. f. ex Planch.
Peltophorum (Vogel) Benth.
Phyllanthaceae
Fabaceae

2
5
5 5 5
10
3 3 2
3 1-2 1-8
Cleistanthus Euphorbiaceae 140 Peltophorum Caesalpinioideae
15 Caesalpinia sect. Peltophorum Vogel 12-15
kleistos anthos 2 pelte phoros

Cleistanthus helferi Hook. f.

Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex K. Heyne
10 . Inga pterocarpa DC.

5-6 . 25 .
2-17 . 3-5 . 1-6 1-2 . 25-30 .
3-4 . 0.4-1 . 4-13 10-22 1.2-1.8 .
2-3 1.5 .
2.5 . 3 1-1.5 . 20-40 . 5-8 . 5-7 .
209

5-8 . 3 . 6-37 .
1.2-1.5 . 1-2.5 . 1 1-1.8 . ( , )
12 . 4-5 . 1-4
900
A. fecundus P. Woods

Peltophorum dasyrhachis (Miq.) Kurz Middleton, D.J. (2007). A revision of Aeschynanthus (Gesneriaceae) in Thailand.
Caesalpinia dasyrhachis Miq. Edinburgh Journal of Botany 64(3): 397-400.
30 .
1 . 15-40 .
5-9 6-16 1-2.5 .

15-30 . 7-9 .
2-4 . 1 .
1-1.5 .
10-15 .
4-5 . 4-8

var. tonkinense
(Pierre) K. Larsen & S. S. Larsen 3-4 : 1-3
Flora of China (: - PK; : - MP)

Chen, D., D. Zhang and D. Hou. (2010). Fabaceae (Peltophorum tonkinense).
In Flora of China Vol. 10: 39-40. Uvaria siamensis (Scheff.) L. L. Zhou, Y. C. F. Su & R. M. K. Saunders
In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(1): 53-56. Annonaceae
Rauwenhoffia siamensis Scheff., Melodorum siamense (Scheff.) Bn

9-15 . 3-5 .
1-3 8 .
2-5 . 3 .
8 .
1.5 . 10
2-10 1-2 . 2-4
7 . ( , )

300

Uvaria cherrevensis (Pierre ex Finet & Gagnep.) L. L. Zhou, Y. C. F.
Su & R. M. K. Saunders
Ellipeia cherrevensis Pierre ex Finet & Gagnep.
:
10 (: - SSi) 1 .

12-15 . 0.8-1 .
Aeschynanthus longicaulis Wall. ex R. Br. 8-1.2 . 0.8-1.5 .
Gesneriaceae 5-6 . 8 .
1.2-1.4 . 2
6.5-12 . 2 . 25-30 5-20
0.2-1.4 . 1 .
1-3 0.5-1.5 .
0.8-1.8 .
2 . 800
2.5-4 .
2-4 . Meade, C.V. (2000). A systematic revision of the Uvaria L. group (Annonaceae) in
2.3-2.7 . 1 continental Asia. PhD. Thesis, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland.
210

Uvaria dulcis Dunal
Annonaceae
Anomianthus dulcis (Dunal) J. Sinclair
30 .

10-14 . 3.5-5 .
0.5-1 . 1-2.5 .
: 1-3 2-3 . 3-3.5 .
(: - PK)
2-2.2 .
2 1.5 .
25 10-15 1-1.5 .
1-8 ( , )

700

Meade, C.V. (2000). A systematic revision of the Uvaria L. group (Annonaceae) in
continental Asia. PhD. Thesis, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Ireland.
:
(: - PK)
Hoya fusca Wall.

Apocynaceae
2-3 .
10-18 .
1.5-2.5 .
1.5-3 . 2-2.5 . 5
1.5-2 . 5
1 . 5
5
13-20 .
5 . 3 .

1000-2000 : 6 2
2 (: - PK;
: - RP)
Hoya R. Br. Asclepiadaceae
Asclepiadoideae 100 35

Thomas Hoy (1750-1822)
Rhodoleia championii Hook. f.
Hamamelidaceae

Li, B., M.G. Gilbert and W.D. Stevens. (1995). Asclepiadaceae. In Flora of 40 . 4-12 .
China Vol. 16: 228, 231. 0.8-4 .

0.3-1.5 .

1-4
1.2-1.8 . 6-11 1-1.5 . 4
2
2-2.5 . 3-5 .

: (: - RP) 1000
211

Rhodoleia Champ. ex Hook. Exbucklandoideae

Exbucklandia 10 800-1400
rhodo leios var. trichomanoides

Suddee, S. and D.J. Middleton. (2003). Rhodoleia (Hamamelidaceae), a new
generic record for Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 31: 132-135.

Tagawa, M. and K. Iwatsuki. (1985). Davalliaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 3(2):
157-164.
Xing, F., W. Faguo and H.P. Nooteboom. (2013). Davalliaceae. In Flora of
China Vol. 2-3: 752-754.
:
: (: - DM; : - TP)
(: - PK)
,
Davallia Sm.
Davalliaceae

2-4
:
(: - PK)

,

Clerodendrum L.
Davallia 40 Lamiaceae
11
Edmund Davall (1763-1798)

5
Davallia denticulata (Burm. f.) Mett. ex Kuhn 5
Adiantum denticulatum Burm. f. 2
60-90 . 4
50 . 30-50 . 8-45 . 2 2-4
20 . Clerodendrum Verbenaceae
2-3 . Ajugoideae 150
4 . 30 Rotheca
0.7 . kleros dendron

500
Clerodendrum chinense (Osbeck) Mabb.
Cryptanthus chinensis Osbeck
Davallia trichomanoides Blume var. lorrainii (Hance) Holttum 2 .
Davallia lorrainii Hance 10-30 .
3-5 .
10-35 . 3-20 .
10 . 1.5-3 .
19 . 10 . 1.5-1.7 .
2-7 . 0.5-2.5 . 1 .
1.5 . 3 .
2 . 0.8-1 . 2-4
212

1500 var. chinense 1100
var. simplex (Moldenke) S. L.

Chen 5-6 Chen, S.L. and M.G. Gilbert. (1994). Verbenaceae (Clerodendrum). In Flora of
China Vol. 17: 39.
Leeratiwong, C. and P. Chantaranothai. (2001). Clerodendrum subscaposum
Hemsl. (Lamiaceae), a new record for Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany)
29: 25-28.
Clerodendrum bungei Steud. Leeratiwong, C., P. Chantaranothai and A. Paton. (2011). A synopsis of the
genus Clerodendrum L. (Lamiaceae) in Thailand. Tropical Natural History
1-2 . 8-20 . 11(2): 177-211.
4-17 . Ridley, H.N. (1923, reprinted 1967). Verbenaceae. Flora of the Malay Peninsula
3 . Vol. 2: 624-625.
2-6 .
1 .
2-3 . 5-8 .
0.6-1.2 .

var. megacalyx C. Y. Wu ex S. L. Chen
: var. chinense (: cultivated - SSi);
: var. simplex (: - RP)
Clerodendrum deflexum Wall.

1.5 .
15-40 .
2.5-6 .
2.5-7.5 .
2 . 5-8 .
1.5-2 . 6-7 . : (: cultivated - RP)
5 .

Clerodendrum subscaposum Hemsl.

30-100 .

3-5 5-13 .
:
3.5-10 . (: - MT)
15-30 . 3-5 0.5-2 .
1-1.7 .
2 .
5-7 . 3-5 .
1.5 . 1 .
1.5-1.7 .

: 3-5
(: - PK)
1000-1800
Clerodendrum infortunatum L.
4 .
6-25 .
1.5-15 . 60 .
1-1.5 . 1.5-2 .
1-1.5 .
2.5-4 . 1-1.2 . : (: - MT;
2-2.5 . : - SSi)
213

,
Pecteilis Raf. 1000-1500
E. darae Hul
Orchidaceae
2-14
3
Hul, S. (2010). Two new species of Gentianaceae from Indo-china. Edinburgh
3 Journal of Botany 67(1): 155-158.
1 2 Ubolcholaket, A. (1987). Gentianaceae. In Flora of Thailand. Vol. 5(1): 80-81.
2 2
Pecteilis Orchidoideae Orchideae 7
3 2 P. henryi
Schltr. P. hawkesiana (King & Pantl.) C. S. Kumar
pectinis
Pecteilis susannae (L.) Raf.

Orchis susannae L.
: 4- 5
1.5 . (: - RP)
6-10 4-18 .
20 . 20-50 . 2-10 3.5-8.5 .
2-3 . Hemipilia calophylla E. C. Parish & Rchb. f.
0.7-1.3 . Orchidaceae
3 2-3.5 .
3-4.5 . 7-15.5 . 1-1.3 .
2.5-6 . 4-18 .
8-30 .
1.5-12 . 0.6-1.3 .
5 .
1100 1 3

3
Pedersen, H.. (2011). Orchidaceae (Pecteilis). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 12(1): 7-9 .
216-221. 4.5-6 . 2.5 .
2 2
1.5 . 1.2 .

700-1700
Hemipilia Lindl. Orchidoideae Orchideae
10
hemi pilos

Pedersen, H.. (2011). Orchidaceae (Hemipilia). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 12(1):
150-151.
: 3
(: - PK)
Exacum sutaepense Hosseus ex Craib

Gentianaceae
5-15 .
0.7-1.5 . 3-5
0.2-7 . 4-5 4-5 .
1-1.5 . 4-5
4 . 6 .
2.5 .
2 3 . :
( , ) (: - PK)
214

Pecteilis hawkesiana (King & Pantl.) C. S. Kumar

Orchidaceae
Habenaria hawkesiana King & Pantl., Pecteilis sagarikii Seidenf.
3 .
2-6 3-15 . : 2 5
2-17 . 6-9 . 17 1-6.5 . 3 5 (: - RP)
1.5-2.5 .

1.7-2 . 1.8-2.5 . Microchirita involucrata (Craib) Yin Z. Wang
3.5-4.5 . 0.7-1 . Gesneriaceae
1.4-2.8 . ( , ) Chirita involucrata Craib
45 .
800
4-9 . 6-8
Pedersen, H.. (2011). Orchidaceae (Pecteilis). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 12(1): 217. 1-5 . 1-6
2-10 .
2-5 . 1-3 . 7-8 .
2 .
7 . 4.5 .
5 .
3.5-6 . ( , )

700

Wood, D. (1974). A revision of Chirita (Gesneriaceae). Notes from the Royal
Botanic Garden Edinburgh Vol. 33(1): 199-200.
:
(: - RP; : cultivated - OP)
Olax scandens Roxb.

Olacaceae
Olax psittacorum (Lam.) Vahl

2-9.5 . :
(: - MP)
0.5-1 .
1-3 0.5-3.5 . 1-2 .
4-5 1 .
3 1 . 2 Alsomitra macrocarpa (Blume) M. Roem.
3 5 6 Cucurbitaceae
3 5 Zanonia macrocarpa Blume
5-6 . 3 50 . 6-10 .
1-1.5 . 2 8-16 .
3-5 2-4 .
5-15 . 1-2 . 2 .
5 5 .
6-8 . 3
O. psittacorum 3 2-2.5 .
(Lam.) Vahl Catalogue of Life (October 2015) 5-10
3
Olax L. 40 3
3-4 . 2
olax olacis
20-30 . 3
2.5-3 . 10-12 .

Sleumer, H. (1984). Olacaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 10: 6-9. 100
215

Alsomitra (Blume) M. Roem. alsos

mitra

de Wilde, W.J.J.O. and B.E.E. Duyfjes. (2008). Cucurbitaceae. In Flora of Thailand
Vol. 9(4): 416-419.
: N. thorelii (: - MP)
,
Euphorbia L.
Euphorbiaceae

(cyathia)
1-5

2-3
: 3 2
(: - PK) 2-3
Euphorbia Euphorbioideae
Nepenthes smilesii Hemsl.
Nepenthaceae 2420 20
Euphorbus
3 . 18-40 .
eu phorbe
2-3
6-15 . euphorbia
1.2 .
3.5-4 . 3-7 .
2.5-5 . 10-27 . Euphorbia hirta L.
12-24 .
70-120 . 60-100 . 50 .
2 . 3-8 .
2.5-4 . 1.2-4 .
3-4 . ( , ) 1 1-3 . 1-6 0.5-1.5 .
0.5-1 .
0.8 . 4 0.1 .
200-1300 0.2-0.3 .
(N. thorelii Lecomte, N. andamana M. Catal., N.
kampotiana Lecomte, N. kerrii M. Catal. & Kruetr., N. suratensis M. 0.3 . 3 1 .
Catal., N. kongkandana Jebb & Cheek) 0.5 . 0.7 .

1200

Catalano, M. (2010). Nepenthes della Thailandia: Diario di viaggio. Prague. Euphorbia thymifolia L.
15 .
4-9 .

1-2
1 . 1-3
1 .
0.8 . 4 0.1 .
0.2 .
0.6 . 3 1 .
:
( : - MP; :
0.3-0.4 . 0.8 .
- SSi)
216

800

Esser, H.-J. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbia). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 8(1):
263-292.
Ma, J.S. and M.G. Gilbert. (2008). Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbia). In Flora of
China Vol. 11: 288, 293, 296.
:
2 (: - RP)
: 1

3 (: , : ; - RP) Pinalia amica (Rchb. f.) Kuntze
Orchidaceae
Eria amica Rchb. f.
3.5-14 .
10-20 . 1 .
7-12 . 2 .
0.8-1.3 . 6-12 1.5-2 .

: 1-3
(: - RP) 3 1 .
8-9 .
, 8 . 3 3-4 .
Brownlowia Roxb. 4 .
Malvaceae 3 . 3 .

5
5 1000-2000
5 5 2
2 Pinalia Lindl. Epidendroideae Podochileae
Brownlowia Tiliaceae 160
Brownlowioideae 25 4 25 Eria
Brownlow
Sir Abraham Hume 19 Chen, X., Y.B. Luo and J.J. Wood. (2009). Orchidaceae (Pinalia). In Flora of
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Brownlowia tersa (L.) Kosterm.
Glabraria tersa L.
10 .
10-21 .

0.5-1 . 3-7 .
2-3 . 3-5

4-5 .
2 :
1.5-2 . 3 (: - MT)
217

Leucophyllum frutescens (Berland.) I. M. Johnst.

Scrophulariaceae
Terania frutescens Berland.

1-3.5 . : (: - - PK)
1-2 .
5
3-5 . Salomonia longiciliata Kurz
1.8-2.6 . 2 3
4 30 . 3
2 2 0.6-1.5 .

1 . 1-6 . 0.9-1.4 .
0.8-1.7 . 1.8-2.5 . 1.5-2 .
Leucophyllum Humb. & Bonpl. 15
leukos phyllon 5-9 0.2-0.9 .

1300
Henrickson, J. and G.L. Nesom. (2012). Leucophyllum (Scrophulariaceae). Flora
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Salomonia thailandica H. Koyama
30 .
1 .
10 . 0.7-1.2 . 0.6-1 .
2.5-3.5 . 2-2.2 .
5-8 1.3-2 .

150-500
:
2 3 (: - RP) ,
Salomonia Lour.
Ilex micrococca Maxim. Polygalaceae
Aquifoliaceae
5 3
10-20 . 2
7-13 . 4-6
1.5-3.2 . 2 2
3-4 1 . 2-3 .

5-6 Salomonia Polygala
1.5 . 5-6 5
6-8 5 S. kradungensis H.
1 . Koyama
salos
3 . 6-8 monos
Salomon (Solomon) 937-973

500-1700 Salomonia cantoniensis Lour.
Ilex L. 500-600 30 . 3
16 Ilex aquifolium L. holly 1-2.5 .
Quercus ilex L. 1-3 . 10 . 0.6-1 .
0.4-0.6 . 1.8-2.5 . 1.5-2.2 .
4-14
Chen, S.K., H. Ma, Y. Feng, G. Barriera and P. Loizeau. (2008). Aquifoliaceae. 0.1-0.7 .
218

1200 Hiptage benghalensis (L.) Kurz
Banisteria benghalensis L.
5-18 .
0.3-1.3 .
Salomonia ciliata (L.) DC. 4-30 . 4 . 0.8-2 .
Polygala ciliata L. 2.5 .
30 . 1 2-4 .
6-8 .
0.4-1.2 . 1.2 . 3-6 . 1 .
0.5 . 1-8 . 3-6 . 1.5-3 .
0.8-1.4 . 0.8-1.4 . 5-8 .
1.8-2.3 . 1.5-2 .
5-9 0.3-0.7 .
2000 subsp. candicans (Hook. f.)
Sirirugsa H.
1300 candicans Hook. f.

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Malpighiaceae

2

5 1 2
5
10
1 3 3-5
1-3 3
Hiptage Malpighioideae 30
10
hiptamai
: 5-9 (:
- PK); : 5-8
(: - PK)
Hiptage lucida Pierre

5.5-12 . 5 .
15 . 2 . 1-2.2 .
2.5 .

8-9 . 3-5 . 1 .
3-4.5 .
1.5-2.2 .
: 3 4-14
(: , : ; - PK) 100

Hiptage monopteryx Sirirugsa
6.5-13 .
5 . 2-5 .
3-4 . 2
5 . 1.2-1.5 .

:
(: - RP)

219

Hiptage condita Craib

5-9.5 .
0.5-1 . 5-15 . 1.2-1.5 .

2 . 1 .
1 . 4-5 .
1 . : 1 (: - RP)
3.5 . 2 .
5-8 . 1-2 .
Sclerochiton harveyanus Nees
500-1800 Acanthaceae
3 .
1.5-7 .
Hiptage detergens Craib 0.8-1.5 .
2
3-5 . 3-7 . 4-6 . 5
2-3 . 0.5-1 . 0.6-1 . 6-8 .
2 . 1.3-1.8 .
2 . 6 . 5 5-6 . 4 8-9 .
7-9 . 3-5 . 1-1.4 . 4
6-8 .
1-1.4 . 2 0.5-1 .

200 Sclerochiton Harv. 20
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: 1
(: - SSi)
: 5 4
(: cultivated - RP)

Hapaline benthamiana Schott
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(: cultivated - RP)
30 . 0.5-1.2 .
2-6.5 . 1-5 5.5-17 .
4-30 .
1-3 9-17 . 4-8.7 .
1.5-3.3 . 2.5-6.5 . 3-6 .
2.8-5.5 . 7
0.5-1.1 .
: 2 (: - RP);
: (: - RP) 4-6 .
220

1200
Hapaline Schott 8
4 Typhonium
hapalos

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Typhonium roxburghii Schott
Araceae
10-40 .
3 5-17 . 10-35 .
2-9 . 8-18 .
2-3.5 .
6-15 .
0.7-1.2 .
2-3
12-15 . 3-4 .
: 5 .
(: - RP) 1.5-2.2 .
8-9 .

Ariopsis protanthera N. E. Br.
Araceae
2 .
5-10 .
Typhonium Schott 100
6-14 . 1-3 32 24
4-5 . 2-2.5 . 75 Sauromatum
1 . typhonios

5 .
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300
Ariopsis Nimmo 2 A. peltata Nimmo
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Arum protanthera
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Caladium pumilum D. Don, Remusatia garrettii Gagnep.
25 .
1-2.5 .
3-4 8-23 .
4-5
15-40 .
6-10 . 2 1-1.5 .
13-21 . 1.5-2.5 .
221

11-21 . 2-2.5 .
1 . Dipteris conjugata Reinw.
5-8 . 4-5 .
Dipteridaceae
1 .
4-5 . 70 .
2200 50 . 2
4 1-3
Remusatia Schott 4
2 R. vivipara (Roxb.) Schott 2 .

Jean-Pierre Abel-Rmusat (1788-1832)

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Hypericum henryi H. Lv. & Vaniot subsp. hancockii N. Robson

Hypericaceae : 2
(: - RP)

1-4 . 2-4
1-7
4-7 . 2-5 . Cheiropleuria bicuspis (Blume) C. Presl
4-9 . Dipteridaceae
1-2.5 . Polypodium bicuspe Blume
5 30-60 0.5-1.3 . 0.6-1 .
3.5 . 7 . 5 .
5 1-1.4 . 12 . 30 .
( , ) 2 8 .

1300-2200 30 . 1.5 .
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cheir
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222

1 H. calycinum L.
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Hypericum hookerianum Wight & Arn.
2 .
2-7 . 2-4 1-4 .
: 2 1-5 0.3-1.5 .
(: - SSa) 0.5-1 .
3-6 . 1.5-3 . 5
60-80 0.5-1 .
Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray 5 2-7 . 1-1.7 .
Asteraceae
Mirasolia diversifolia Hemsl.
2.5 . 1600-2500 H. siamense N. Robson

3 5 5-15 .

2-6 . 7-25 . Li, X.W. and N. Robson. (2007). Clusiaceae (Hypericum). In Flora of China
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16-28 3-4
0.6-1 . 1-2 . 1-1.3 .
7-14 4.5-6 .
1 . 5
4-6 . 4
2

Tithonia Desf. ex Juss. Heliantheae 11 : 5 5
2 (: ; - RP, - SSi)
T. rotundifolia (Mill.) S. F. Blake
Tithonus Aurora

Chen, Y. and D.J. Nicholas Hind. (2011). Asteraceae (Tithonia). In Flora of
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: 3 5 7-14
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,
Hypericum L. Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze
Hypericaceae Menyanthaceae
Menyanthes indica L.

5 4-5 3-18 .
3-5 1-2 .
3-5 3-5 . 5-8
2-5 3-6 . 5-8
0.7-1.2 . 5
1.5 . 5
Hypericum Clusiaceae 370-460 2 3-5 .
5
223

Bnziger, H. (1991). Stench and fragrance: unique pollination lure of Thailands
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7-8 Rafflesia kerrii Meijer in Southern Thailand. Natural History Bulletin of Siam
Nymphaea Nymphaeaceae Society 38: 117-133.

Ho, T.N. and R. Ornduff. (1995). Menyanthaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 10:
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: Tetrastigma sp. 5-6 (: ,

: ; - HB)
,
: Nymphaea L.
5-8 (: - RP)
Nymphaeaceae

Rafflesia kerrii Meijer
Rafflesiaceae 4
8

8-9 . 15 5 3
18 . 14 .
16-25 . 50-70 .
(perigone lobes) 8-14 . Nymphaea 50
5-6 24 . 2 N. pubescens Willd.
(diaphragm) N. capensis
30 . 6 . 5 Thunb. var. zanzibariensis Casp. N. mexicana Zucc.
20 . 7-9 nymphaia
7 . (ramenta) 0.5-1 .
17-18 .
2.5-3.5 . 6.5-7 . (process) 27-44 Nymphaea nouchali Burm. f.
3.5 .
3-4 . 8-18 .
1 . 1.5 . 10-25 .
26-31 9 . 10-15 1 .
2-3 . 8-15 .
3-8 .

3-5 .
1.5-4.5 .
200-1600
Tetrastigma

Rafflesia R. Br. ex Gray 19-22
R. arnoldii R. Br.
. (2542). . .
80-100 . .
Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles (1781-1826) Fu, D., J.H. Wiersema and D. Padgett. (2001). Nymphaeaceae. Flora of China
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224

:
(: cultivated - MP)
Gustavia superba (Kunth) O. Berg

Lecythidaceae
Pirigara superba Kunth : (: cultivated - RP)
15 .
1 . 11 .
8 . Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.
2.5 . 6-8 Nelumbonaceae
7 .
4 . ()
(pyxidia) 7-10 . 25-90 .
8 . 6 . 25-30
1-1.5 . 1-2 .

5-8 . 17-30 .

Gustavia L. Lecythidoideae 40 5-10 .
G. gracillima Miers 5-10 .
3.5 . Gustav 3 1-2 . 7 .
.. 1771-1792

Croat, T.B. (1978). Gustavia superba. In Flora of Barro Colorado Island by 1-2 .
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Nelumbo Adans. 2 N. lutea (Willd.) Pers.
: 6-8 nelumbu
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Nymphaea pubescens Willd. . 2542. . .
.
Nymphaeaceae Fu, D. and J.H. Wiersema. (2001). Nelumbonaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 6: 114.
Nymphaea lotus L. var. pubescens (Willd.) Hook. f. & Thomson, N. rubra
Roxb. ex Salisb.
14-28 .

1 . 5-20 .
3.5-8 . 5-7
12-14
4-9 .
3.5-5 . ( , )

Fu, D., J.H. Wiersema and D. Padgett. (2001). Nymphaeaceae. In Flora of : ( : ,
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225

Zinnia violacea Cav. Turnera ulmifolia L.
Asteraceae 1.5 .
Crassina elegans (Jacq.) Kuntze, Zinnia elegans Jacq. 3-12 . 2
0.15-2 . 2
6-12 . 5-8 . 0.8-2 .
10 . 2-3 . 0.6-1 .
3
8-20

1-3.5 .
7-9 . 1-2.5 . 6-10 .
Backer, C.A. (1951). Turneraceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 4: 235-238.
100 Press, Honolulu, Hawaiì.
Zinnia L. 20
Johann Gottfried Zinn (1727-1759)

: (: - RP)
: (: - RP)

: Ipomoea alba L.
(: - RP) Convolvulaceae
, 10 . 10-20 .
Turnera L. 3 5-20 .
1 24 .
Passifloraceae 7-15 .
2 3 0.5-1.2 .
0.7-1.5 .
2 5 7-12 . 5 .
5
3 3 2.5-3 .
1 . ( , )
Turnera Turneraceae Turneroideae
143 2
William Turner (1508-1568) 800

Turnera subulata Sm.

30-80 . 9 .
0.5-1 .
5-8 . 1-1.5 .
2-3.5 .
3-4 .
:
(: cultivated - TJ)
226

, Allamanda 14
3 Frederich
Operculina Silva Manso Allamand (1736-1803)
Convolvulaceae

5 Allamanda blanchetii A. DC.
5 10
5 1.5 .
2 4 4-12 .
2
4 0.7-1 . 1.5-2 .
6-9 . 1.5 .
Operculina 15 3 5-6.5 .
2 O. turpethum (L.) Silva Manso
O. riedeliana (Oliv.) Ooststr.
operculum
Operculina petaloidea (Choisy) Ooststr.
Ipomoea petaloidea Choisy

5-18 .
1.5-2.5 . 1-2 . 1-9
0.7-2 . 1-1.8 .
1.3-1.5 . 3
3.5-4 . : 3-5 (: cultivated - RP)
1.4-1.8 .
1.5 . 5-6 .
Odontadenia macrantha (Roem. & Schult.) Markgr.
200-1200 Apocynaceae
Odontadenia speciosa Benth., Echites macranthus Roem. & Schult.

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1.8-11 .
0.8-2.7 . 3-7 .

3-6 . 0.4-1 . 0.8-1.6 .
5 2-4.5 . 5
6 .
20-26 . 3-4 .
5.5-7 .

Odontadenia Benth. 20
Mandevilla
: 2-3 Mandevilla amabilis (hort.
10 (: - TP; : - RP) Backhouse) Dress odontos aden

,
Allamanda L.
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5
5

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227

3 .
Allamanda schottii Pohl 3

Apocynaceae

3.7-8 .
2-3 . 5-11 . 3-6 .
6-7 .
4 . Larsen, K. (1992). Amaranthaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(4): 408-409.
1-1.6 . 1 . (
, )

A. cathartica L.

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Mirabilis jalapa L.
, Nyctaginaceae
Gomphrena L. 1-1.5 .
Amaranthaceae 5-15 . 1-4 .
4-5
2 5 1-1.5 . 5 1-2 .
5 3-6 .
2-3 2.5-3 . 5
2 1 .
5-9 .
Gomphrena 100 7 .
gomphus
gomphos
Mirabilis L. 50-60
Gomphrena globosa L.
50 .
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1-3 0.5-2 .
3 . 0.7-1.2 .
5-8 .
4-8 .
2 .

Gomphrena celosioides Mart.

2-3 . 5 .
2-3 . : (: cultivated - RP)
228

Entada reticulata Gagnep. Amorphophallus albispathus Hett.
Fabaceae 1-2
2 1-1.5 . 90 . 20-35 .
1.5-3 . 2 10-55 .
8-19 0.5-1.5 . 40 .
5-12 . 6-14 .
1 . 5-13 .
1 . 5 5 1.5-6.5 . 2-4
3-4 . 10 5 . 2-3 . 1 .
5 . 2-8 . 1-2.3 .
4.5-13 . 4-9 8 . 3-4 . 1 . 3-4
6 . 1.5-2 .

500
Entada Adans. Mimosoideae Mimoseae
30 4

Malabar Amorphophallus muelleri Blume
dentado 28 .
0.75-2 .

Chuakul, W. and I. Nielsen. (1998). Entada reticulata Gagnep. (Leguminosae- 10-40 .
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141-145.
8-40 .
2-9 . 3-5
3-22 . 1.5-10 .
3-3.5 .
1.2-1.8 .

Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Dennst.) Nicolson
Dracontium paeoniifolium Dennst.
: 2 10 50 .
(: ; - NP; - PK; - RP) 0.3-3 .
3-35 . 0.3-2 .
, 3-20 .
Amorphophallus Blume 10-45 . 15-60 .
Araceae 7-70 .
2.5-15 . 1-20 . 4-6 4-6
30 .
3-25 . 3-5 . 0.3-1.5 .
4-7 . 2-3
(cataphylls) 10-50 . 0.2-1 . 1.5-2 .

1-6
1-4
700

Amorphophallus Aroideae Thomsonieae

200 Hetterscheid, W.L.A. (2012). Araceae (Amorphophallus). In Flora of Thailand
58 Vol. 11(2): 130-186.
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229

:
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(: - AM; : - RP; : - RP)

Mesua ferrea L.
Calophyllaceae
30 .
4-12 .
5-8 .

: (: 3-5 . 4
- RP)
4
3-3.5 . 1.5-2 . 2
1-1.5 .
3 . 2 0.8-1.2 . 1-4

Mesua L. Clusiaceae 5 3
Joannes Mesue (777-857)

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Tacca palmata Blume

Dioscoreaceae
5-7
10-20 . 50-60 .
1-2 50-60 . 30 2
3-5 . : (: - MT)
2-6 . 6
2 2-6 . 3-5 . 6
3 Boesenbergia pulcherrima (Wall.) Kuntze
1 . 3-5 Zingiberaceae
. ( , ) Gastrochilus pulcherrimus Wall.
40 .
18 . 1.5 .
300 25 .
13 . 1 .
15 5 .
Phengklai, C. (1993). Taccaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(1): 7-9. 3 . 1-1.8 .
230

3 .
2 Citharexylum spinosum L.
1.3 . 2 0.8-1 .
( , ) Verbenaceae
Citharexylum fruticosum L.

1000 15 . 4
3-20 .

Baker, J.G. (1890). Scitamineae (Gastrochilus). In Flora of British India Vol. 6: 217. 3-6 1-2.5 .
Sabu, M. (2006). Zingiberaceae and Costaceae of South India (pro. part). Kerala, 40 . 3-4 .
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5 3-6 .
5
2 2
2

Citharexylum Mill. ex L. Citharexyleae
130
kithra xylon

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Friesodielsia desmoides (Craib) Steenis

Annonaceae
Goniothalamus desmoides Craib

17 .
0.5-1 .
3 6 .
6 2 2.5-4 . :
(: cultivated - RP)
0.8-1 . 1 .
1 . 1.5-2 . ,
1 . 1-2
Dasymaschalon (Hook. f. & Thomson) Dalla Torre & Harms
Annonaceae
350

Friesodielsia Steenis 50-60 3 3
Goniothalamus 6-7
Elias Magnus Fries (1794-1878) 3-50
Friedrich Ludwig Emil Diels (1874-1945) 1-7
Dasymaschalon Desmos Lour. sect. Dasymaschalon
Craib, W.G. (1922). Contributions to the Flora of Siam. Bulletin of Miscellaneous 30
Information Kew 1922: 167-168. 12 Desmos 6
2 dasys
maschale

Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum (Blume) I. M. Turner
Dasymaschalon blumei Finet & Gagnep., D. dasymaschalum (Blume)
I. M. Turner var. blumei Hook. f. & Thomson
: 10 .
(: - SSi) 9-25 .
231

2-7 . 1-7 .
1.5-4 . 3-8 .
2-3.5 . 7-24
1-7 . 1.5-4.5 .
0.4-1.8 . 1-6

300

Dasymaschalon wallichii (Hook. f. & Thomson) Jing Wang & R. M. K.
Saunders :
Dasymaschalon dasymaschalum (Blume) I. M. Turner var. wallichii (: - PK)
(Hook. f. & Thomson) I. M. Turner
10 .
12-23 .
3-7 . 1.5-9 .
1.5-4 .
4-9.5 .
3 .
5-22 1-8 . 1.5-4.5 .
4-7 . 1-5

300 D. dasymaschalum
(Blume) I. M. Turner
: (: - MP);
: (: - SSi)
Dasymaschalon acuminatum Jing Wang & R. M. K. Saunders

5 .
10.5-16 .
4-8 . 1.5 .
1.5-2 . 3 .
1-4.5 .
5-12 1.5-4 .
3.5 . 0.8-1.5 . 1-4
:
350-900 (: ; - SSa, - NS)

Merremia umbellata (L.) Hallier f.
Dasymaschalon echinatum Jing Wang & R. M. K. Saunders
Convolvulaceae
3 . Convolvulus umbellatus L.
8-19 .
0.4-1 . 1.5 . 3.5-14.5 .
2.5 .
4 . 1-6 . 0.5-12 .
2.5 . 11 1-3 .
1-2 . 2-3 . 5-8 . 3
4-5 . 2-6 2.5-4 .

0.9-1.2 . 4-5 . (
200-1500 , )
D. dasymaschalum (Blume) I. M. Turner
1200

Wang, J., P. Chalermglin and R.M.K. Sauders. (2009). The genus Dasymaschalon
(Annonaceae) in Thailand. Systematic Botany 34(2): 252-265.
232

1-2 .
0.4-2 . 10-30 .
1.5-4 .
5 0.5-1 . 2 .
3 . 2-10 .
10 1 .
4-8 . 1-2 . 0.6-1 .
5-7 1.4-2.7 .

1000

Neoalsomitra plena (Craib) Hutch.
Alsomitra plena Craib
5 .
3-5 3-5
2-13 . 0.5-3 . 0.3-1 .
: 5-15 . 1-2
(: , : ; - PK) 0.5-1.2 . 1.5-2 .
2.5-4 .
, 3-7 . 1-3 2.5-4 .
Neoalsomitra Hutch. 0.5-1 . 15-20 4-5 .
Cucurbitaceae
2
3-5 600

5 5 de Wilde, W.J.J.O. and B.E.E. Duyfjes. (2008). Cucurbitaceae. In Flora of
5 Thailand Vol. 9(4): 484-492.
(1-thecous) 3 3

3
Neoalsomitra 11 5
Alsomitra
Neoalsomitra angustipetala (Craib) Hutch.

Gynostemma angustipetala Craib
4 . 5
3 4-10 . 1-2.5 .

: N. angustipetala 5
1 . 5-15 . (: - PK; : - RP)
1-3 3-6 . 6-8 .
10-14 3-4 .
5 .
1-10 4-6.5 . 0.4-1 . 6-7.5 .
0.8-1.3 .

700
Neoalsomitra clavigera (Wall.) Hutch.

Zanonia clavigera Wall., Alsomitra pubigera Prain
12 . 3 : N. clavigera 3 5
5-20 . 0.5-5 . (: , : ; - BD)
233

: N. plena : 2
3 (: - BD) (: - TP)

Mesembryanthemum cordifolium L. f. Euphorbia parviflora L.
Aizoaceae Euphorbiaceae
Aptenia cordifolia (L. f.) Schwantes 65 .
1-2.8 .
1.5-6 . 2-3
1-1.5 . 1 1.5-2 .
4 1-1.5 . 5-30
1.5-2.5 . 1 .
4 0.4 . 2-3 1-1.5 .
4 1 . 3 (
, )

Mesembryanthemum L. Aizooideae 100 500 E. hypericifolia L.
Aptenia
mesembria anthemon

Staples, G.W. and D.R. Herbst. (2005). A tropical garden flora. Bishop Museum Euphorbia reniformis Blume

1-1.5 . 3-5 1.5-2.5 .

5-15 1 .
0.7 . 4
0.4 . 2-3
1.5 .
: 1 . ( , )
(: cultivated - RP)
750
Pyrrosia nummulariifolia (Sw.) Ching

Esser, H.-J. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbia). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 8(1):
Polypodiaceae 279-280, 282-283.
Acrostichum nummulariifolium Sw.
3-6 .
2
1-2.5 .
3 .
7 .
1-1.5 .
( , )

Lindsay, S. and D.J. Middleton. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and : (:
Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/ - PK); :
2-3 (: - RP)
234

,
Evolvulus L. Euphorbia cyathophora Murray
Convolvulaceae Euphorbiaceae
50-60 .
5 1-2 4-9 .
5 0.5-1 . 3-6
5 2.5 .
2 4 2 3 . 5
2 2 . 4 .
1-4 2 . 2-3 5 .
Evolvulus 100 3 . ( , )
2 1 E. glomeratus Nees &
Mart. subsp. grandiflorus (Parodi) Ooststr.
2.5 .
evolvu
Esser, H.-J. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbia). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 8(1): 273.
Evolvulus alsinoides (L.) L.

Evolvulus decumbens R. Br.
0.7-2.5 .
2.5-3.5 .
3-4 .
0.7-1 .
4

900 varieties var.
decumbens (R. Br.) Ooststr. var. hirsutus
(Lam.) Ooststr. :
var. alsinoides (: - RP)

Evolvulus nummularius (L.) L.
Fang, R. and G. Staples. (1995). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 16:
275-276. Convolvulaceae
Staples, G. (2010). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 10(3): 395-400. Convolvulus nummularius L.

1.3-1.7 .

2-3 2-4 . 1-2
3 . 3-4 .
7-8 .

3 . 3-4 .
2-4 ( , )

700

: var. decumbens Staples, G. (2010). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 10(3): 399-400.
(: - RP; : - PK)
:
: (: 5 2 2 (: - PK)
cultivated - RP)
235

22-30 . 10-18 .
Argyreia nervosa (Burm. f.) Bojer 2.5-7.5 . 3.5-7.5 . 2-4
4.2-4.5 .
Convolvulaceae
Convolvulus nervosus Burm. f.

15-28 . 600-1300

1.5-2 .
4.5-6.5 .
Cycas revoluta Thunb.
( 3-7 . 1.5 . 6-10 .
, ) 0.8-1.8 .
30-60 . 2.3-2.8 .
4-8 .
12-20 . 5-12 .
Staples, G.W. and D.R. Herbst. (2005). A tropical garden flora. Honolulu, Hawaii: 2-2.8 . 2-6
Bishop Museum Press. Honolulu, Hawaii.
2.5 .

Cycas nongnoochiae K. D. Hill
2-5 . 0.8-1.6 .
23-35 . 1.2-2.3 .
15-28 . 22-30 .
7-9 . 16-19 .
8.5-10 . 2-2.4 .
1.5-2.5 . 2-4 3.5 .
:

(: cultivated - NP)
200
, C. siamensis Miq. C. clivicola K. D. Hill
Cycas L.
Cycadaceae

Cycas edentata de Laub.
Cycas litoralis K. D. Hill
(cataphylls) 10 . 1.5-2.5 . 50-90 .
(microsporophylls) 5-60 26-37 .
(male cone pollen cone) 25-60 .
(megasporophylls) 3.8 . 2 .
1-5 30-50 .
2.5-4 . 2-8 5-6.5 .
Cycas Cycadales 90

12 C. revoluta Thunb. C. rumphii Miq.
Zamia Zamiaceae

C. circinalis L.
kykas koikas

Chen, J. and D.W. Stevenson. (1999). Cycadaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 4: 4.
de Laubenfels, D.J. and F. Adema. (1998). A taxonomic revision of the genera
Cycas pectinata Buch.-Ham. Cycas and Epicycas gen. nov. (Cycadaceae). Blumea 43: 351-400.
Hill, K.D. and D.W. Stevenson. (1998-2006). The Cycad pages. http://plantnet.
12 . 2 . rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/PlantNet/cycad/
30-80 . 2-3 . Hill, K.D. and S.-L. Yang. (1999). The genus Cycas (Cycadaceae) in Thailand.
30-55 . 4-6 . Brittonia 51: 48-73.
1.7-3.2 . Smitinand, T. (1972). Cycadaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(2): 185-192.
236

(paraphyses)

Acrostichum L. 3
2 A. speciosum Willd.
akros
stichos

:
(: - SSi; : - RP; : - PK)
:
(: - RP)

Cycas elephantipes A. Lindstr. & K. D. Hill
Cycadaceae
3 .
1-1.6 . 20-45 .
1.5-2.5 .
30-55 . 4-5 . 1.5-3 .
20 .
12 . 4.5 .
5.5 . 2-4 3.5 .
( , )

: C. pachypoda K. D. Hill
(: - RP)

Cycas pranburiensis S. L. Yang, W. Tang, K. D. Hill & P. Vatcharakorn
1-3 . 0.65-1.2 .
8-30 . 1.4-2.4 .
20-25 .
3-4 . 0.5-1.5 .
17-24 . 6-9 .
2-4 . 2.4-4 . 2-4
: 3.5-4 . ( , )
2-8 (: cultivated - RP)

100 C. circinalis L.
Acrostichum aureum L. C. pectinata Buch.-Ham.
C. silvestris K. D. Hill
Pteridaceae
4 .
4 . 1 . Cycas clivicola K. D. Hill
30-50 .
2.5 . 8 . 0.7-1.65 .
15-55 . 0.9-2.6 .
237

25-60 . 2-3.5 .
0.5-1.5 . 12-22 .
7-14 . 2.5-4 .
2-7.5 . 2-4 3.5-4 .
( , )

subsp. lutea K. D. Hill
2.5 .
:
(: - OP)
Cycas simplicipinna (Smitinand) K. D. Hill

Cycas micholitzii Dyer var. simplicipinna Smitinand
2-5 0.9-1.5 .
3.5-14 .
20-60 .
15-20 . 1.2-1.4 . : (: - RP)
7-12 . 10-14
1.5-2.5 . 2 2-2.5 .
( , )

C. micholitzii Dyer 2
Cycas petrae A. Lindstr. & K. D. Hill : (: - VC)
6 . 1.4-2.3 .
25-40 .
2.3-2.9 . 30-40 .
4-5 . 1.2-2 .
18-22 . 10-17 .
2-4 . 5.5-8.5 . 2-6
( , )
: (: - RP)

C. clivicola K. D. Hill

Cycas siamensis Miq.

1.5-2 . 0.6-1.2 .
: (: - NT)
10-30 .
0.8-1.45 .
10-24 .
2-3 . 0.7-1.4 . 6-11 .
6-11 .
0.8-3.5 . 2.3-4.5 . 2 3-3.7 .
( , )

Hill, K.D. and D.W. Stevenson. (1998-2006). The Cycad Pages. http://plantnet.
rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/PlantNet/cycad/
Hill, K.D. and S.-L. Yang. (1999). The genus Cycas (Cycadaceae) in Thailand.
Brittonia 51: 48-73. :
Smitinand, T. (1972). Cycadaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(2): 185-192. (: - RP; : - TP)
238

,
Phyllocyclus Kurz
Gentianaceae

(monochasium) (dichasium)

4-5
4-5
: 4
(: - PK)
2
2
Phyllocyclus 5 Canscora Argyreia mastersii (Prain) Raizada
4 Convolvulaceae
3 P. petelotii (Merr.) Lettsomia mastersii Prain
Thiv P. minutiflorus Thiv
phyllon kuklos
7-17 . 5-16 .
3-8 .
2-2.4 . 3
Phyllocyclus parishii (Hook. f.) Kurz 9 . 6 .
Canscora parishii Hook. f. 3.5-4 .
10-40 . 1.7 .
2.5-6 . 2.4 . 1 .
5-10 . 4-10 1-2 . ( , )
6-8 . 5 3 .
1 . 1000
5 0.5-1 . 2-7 .
7 . 6 .
Fang, R. and G. Staples. (1995). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 16: 319.

200
Phyllocyclus helferianus Kurz

Canscora helferiana (Kurz) Wall. ex C. B. Clarke
60 . 1-2.5 .
15
7 . 4 1-1.5 .
7-9 . 4 2-3 . :
2 . 3-5 . (: - RP)
5 .

100-1200 Mallotus kongkandae Welzen & Phattar.
Euphorbiaceae

Thiv, M. (2003). A taxonomic revison of Canscora, Cracosna, Duplipetala, 15 .
Hoppea, Microrphium, Phyllocyclus and Schinziella (Gentianaceae-Canscorinae). 8-18 . 1
Blumea 48: 1-46. 1 1.5-5 .
Ubolcholaket, A. (1987). Gentianaceae. In Flora of Thailand. Vol. 5(1): 72-92.
1-10 3.5-16 .
1 . 2 .
3 .
3 . 6 .
5 . ( , )

1300-1400
. Euphorbiaceae

: van Welzen, P.C. and K. Phattarahirankanok. (2001). Mallotus kongkandae
(: - RP) (Euphorbiaceae), a new species from Thailand. Blumea 46: 67-69.
239

Argostemma Rubioideae 100

2 30
argos stemma

Argostemma rotundicalyx Sridith
5-12 . 2-3 2.4-9 .
2 .
: (: 2-4 3-5 .
- MB; : - TB) 1 2.5 . 0.5-1.2 .
5 1-1.2 .
4-5 . 0.8-1 .
Putranjiva roxburghii Wall.
Putranjivaceae
Drypetes roxburghii (Wall.) Hurus. 100-250
15 . 2
4-14 .
0.5-1 . Argostemma lobulatum Craib var. variabile Sridith
1-2 .
1-3 . 4-5 3-4 25 . 1-6
1-4 3-20 .
0.5-1.5 . 5 2 3 .
2 2-3 16 5
1.5-2.7 . 6 . 1.5 .
2-3 . 5
2-5 . 2 .
600 5 .

Putranjiva Wall. Drypetes Euphorbiaceae
1000 var. lobulatum
4
putra juvi Ficus benjamina L.

Argostemma pictum Wall.

Phuphathanaphong, L. and K. Chayamarit. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Drypetes). 12 . 2-3
In Flora of Thailand Vol. 8(1): 249-252. 1.3-9.5 .
4-20
5-10 . 4-5 2.5-5 .
0.5-1 .
1 . 5 4-5 .
2.5-3.5 .
5-6 .
:

(: - SR) 100-400 A. neurocalyx Miq.

,
Argostemma Wall.
Rubiaceae Argostemma neurosepalum Bakh. f.
20 . 1 . 2-4
2.5-10 . 0.3-2 .
1-12 . 6-16
4-5 1 . 1.5 .
4-5 2 . 4
1.5 . 2 .
1-1.5 .
2
2
100-300
240

Argostemma dispar Craib

10-20 .
4-8 .
10 .
0.3-1 . 1.5 . 2-5
2 . 3-5 . 0.5-1.2 .
3.5 . 5
0.8-1 . 0.8-1 . : 2-3 2-4
1 . (: - RP)

700-1300
Argostemma lobbii Hook. f.

8 .
1.5-5 .
4-9 . 1-3 .
1-5 1 . 5 . : 5
5 2-3 . (: - RP)

4 .

100-300
Argostemma siamense Puff

Argostemma monophyllum Sridith
10 . 1-2 :
6.5-14 . 0.2-2 . 5 (: - RP)
2-10 2-5 . 2-4
3.5-4 . 0.5-1 . 1 . 5
4-4.5 . 5 .
6 .

850
Argostemma diversifolium Ridl.

20 . 7 . 1-4
6.5-18 . 3-7 .
10-35 . 20-30 3-5 . : 2-4
7-9 . 4 (: - RP)
5 . 5 0.8-1 .
1.5 .
6 . 9 .

1100

Puff, C. (2009). Argostemma siamense Puff, a new name for A. monophyllum
Sridith (Rubiaceae). Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 37: 139.
Sridith, K. (1999). Four new species, a new variety, and a status change in
Argostemma (Rubiaceae) from Thailand. Nordic Journal of Botany 19(2):
:
171-178. 2-5 5
________. (1999). A synopsis of the genus Argostemma Wall. (Rubiaceae) in (: - RP)
Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 27: 125, 132.
241

Niyomdham, C., P.H. H., P. dy Phon and J.E. Vidal. (1997). Leguminosae-
Papilionoideae, Dalbergieae. Flore du Cambodge, Laos et du Vietnam 29:
154-160.
: 1-5
5 (: - RP)
:
(: - PT)
: 1-2 5
(: - RP)
: (: cultivated - PT)
: 5
(: - RP)
Barnebydendron riedelii (Tul.) J. H. Kirkbr.
Fabaceae
Pterocarpus macrocarpus Kurz Phyllocarpus riedelii Tul., P. septentrionalis Donn. Sm.
Fabaceae 30 . 1-2.5 .
35 . 6-23 . 1-2 . 3-6
8-25 . 6 . 1-2 .
5-13 2.5-11 . 3-5 17 .
3-8 .
15 . 0.5-1.4 . 4 2-8 .
0.8-1.5 . 4-6 . 3 0.6-1 .
5 0.7-1.5 . 2 1-2 . 10 0.2-1 .
1.5-2 .
10 1.2-2.5 . 15-17 . 1-3
2-6 6-9 . 2.5-4 .
5-9 . 1-1.5 .
6-9 .
Barnebydendron J. H. Kirkbr. Caesalpinioideae
Detarieae Phyllocarpus Riedel ex Tul. Phyllocarpus
1000 Riedel ex Endl.
Pterocarpus Jacq. Faboideae Dalbergieae Rupert C. Barneby (1911-2000)
35-40
2 P. indicus Willd. Kirkbride, J.H., Jr. (1999). Barnebydendron, a new generic name (Fabaceae,
Caesalpinioideae, Detarieae, Brownea Group). Sida 18(3): 815-818.
P. santalinus L. f. Warwick, M.C., G.P. Lewis and H.C. de Lima. (2008). A reappraisal of Barneby-
2 CITES dendron (Leguminosae: Caesalpinioideae: Detarieae). Kew Bulletin 63(1):
pteron carpos 143-149.
242

: A. megacarpa
(: - RP)
,
Agapetes D. Don ex G. Don
Ericaceae

: A. parishii
(: cultivated - RP)
5
5 10 2 ,

10 Macrosolen Blume
Loranthaceae

Agapetes Vaccinioideae 80
2
12 agapetos

3
6
6 6

Agapetes megacarpa W. W. Sm.
1-5 .
7-17 .
7-8 . 3-9 4.5 . Macrosolen 30 5
2-4 . 5-6 . makros solen
3 . 0.7-1 .
4-5.5 . 0.7-1.2 .
2 4 .
1-1.2 . Macrosolen brandisianus (Kurz) Tiegh.
Loranthus brandisianus Kurz
1000-2000 8-18 .
0.7-1.7 .
1-3 2-3 7
Agapetes parishii C. B. Clarke 2-3 1-2
2 . 10-15 . 3-5 . 2.2-3 .
0.4-1.2 . 5-6 .
4-8 . 2-2.5 . 3-4 .
3-4 .
3 . 3-4 . 1000-1500
2 .
7 .
Macrosolen melintangensis (Korth.) Miq.
1000-1600 Loranthus melintangensis Korth.
5-18 .
Fang, R. and P.F. Stevens. (2005). Ericaceae (Agapetes). In Flora of China Vol. 0.3-1.5 .
14: 504, 507. 2-4
243

1-4 . 2-3.5 .
0.8-1.5 . Russelia equisetiformis Schltdl. & Cham.
2-3 . 1.5-3 .
1 . Scrophulariaceae
3 .
1-3 .

5
1600 2.5 . 5 2 3
4
1 2
Macrosolen cochinchinensis (Lour.) Tiegh.
Loranthus cochinchinensis Lour.
4-16 . 0.1-1 .
2-7 Russelia Jacq. 50
1-2
6 . 0.8-1.8 . Alexander Russel (1715-1768)
0.3-1.
0.5-2 . Staples, G.W. and D.R. Herbst. (2005). A tropical garden flora. Bishop Museum

2200

Barlow, B. (2002). Loranthaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(4): 689-695.
Qiu, H. and M.G. Gilbert. (2003). Loranthaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 5: 221.
:
(: - RP)

Agapetes loranthiflora D. Don ex G. Don
Ericaceae
: M. brandisianus 1-3
(: - SSi) 3 15 .

10
1.5-2.5 .
5 . 3.5-4.5 .
0.5-1 .
4 . 1 . 2
( , )

700-1000 var. glabrata C. B.
: M. melintangensis Clarke
(: - RP)

Clarke, C.B. (1881). Vacciniaceae. In Flora of British India Vol. 3: 446.
: :
(: - RP) (: ; - SSi, - PK)
244

Macrosolen platyphyllus (King) Danser

Loranthaceae
Loranthus platyphyllus King

7-19 . :
1-3 . (: cultivated - RP)
1-5 0.5-1.5 . 2-2.5 .
7-15 .
0.5-1 . Alangium salviifolium (L. f.) Wangerin subsp. hexapetalum (Lam.)
3-8 . ( , ) Wangerin
Cornaceae
Microcos tomentosa Sm. Alangium hexapetalum Lam.
300
20 .
3-18 .
Barlow, B.A. (2002). Loranthaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(4): 694-695. 0.5-1.5 . 1-8
2-8 . 5-10
3 . 4-6 10
1.2-3 . 10-30
0.4-1.2 .
1-2 0.8-2.4 .
1-2.4 . 1-2

500
subsp.
salviifolium
: Alangium Lam. Alangiaceae 21
(: - MP) 5-6
Alangi
Aglaia odorata Lour.

Qin, H. and C. Phengklai. (2007). Alangiaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 13: 307.
Meliaceae
20 .

5-12 . 1-3
1-10 . 1 .
5-15 .
3 . 5
5 1.5-2 .
5
1-1.2 .

: 4-6 10
1000 (: , : ; - SR)
Aglaia Lour. 120
32
,
Eurya Thunb.
cyclopenta[b]tetrahydro benzofuran skeleton Pentaphylacaceae

2
Peng, H. and C.M. Pannell. (2008). Meliaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 11: 124. 5
Wongprasert, T., C. Phengklai and T. Boonthavikoon. (2011). A synoptic account 5-35 2-5
of the Meliaceae of Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 39: 211-226. 2-5
245

Eurya Theaceae Ternstroemioideae ,

Freziereae Adinandra 130
2 eurys
Eurycoma Jack
Simaroubaceae

Eurya cerasifolia (D. Don) Kobuski
Diospyros cerasifolia D. Don, Eurya acuminata DC., E. acuminata
DC. var. wallichiana Dyer
5-6
5-6 1
15 . 5-6 1-5

4.5-9 . Eurycoma 3
1-6 . 1-3 2-3 . 2 eurys kome
1-2 . 2.5-4 . 15-20
3 2-3 . 3
4-5 .
Eurycoma longifolia Jack
10 . 1 .
2100 5-20 .

7 .
Eurya nitida Korth. 1 . 4-5 .
1.5-2.5 . 2 .
10 . 1 .
3-13 . 2 . 1-2 . 3 .
2-5 . 1-4
2-3 . 1-2 . 2-4 .
12-20 3 1.5-3 .
2-3 3.5 . 700 subsp. eglandulosa
(Merr.) Noot.

2100 var. siamensis (Craib) H. Keng
Eurycoma harmandiana Pierre
30 . 8-18 . 2-5
Keng, H. (1972). Theaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(2): 155-157. 3-7 . 15 .
Min, T. and B. Bartholomew. (2007). Theaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 13: 447, 5 . 1-1.5 .
464, 467. 3-3.5 . 5
2 . 1-5
1 .

300

Nooteboom, H.P. (1962). Simaroubaceae. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 6: 205-207.
________. (1981). Simaroubaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(4): 443-445.
: E. cerasifolia 1-3
3 (: - RP; : - SR)
: 1-5 (: cultivated - RP;

: E. nitida (: - SR)
: - NP; : - SSi)
246

:
(: cultivated - RP)

Abelmoschus manihot (L.) Medik. var. pungens (Roxb.) Hochr.
Malvaceae
: Hibiscus pungens Roxb.
(: ; - SSi; - SSa)
1-2 .
1-1.5 . 2 5-9
Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) LHr. ex Vent. 15-30 .
Moraceae 6-18 .
Morus papyrifera L., Papyrius papyrifera (L.) Kuntze
1.5-4 .
5 1.5-2.5 .
10-20 . 35 . 2-3 .
10-12 . 1.5-2.5 .
0.5-1.5 . 5-20 . 4-5 . 5
3-5 ( , )
1-15 . 3-10 .
1-2.5 . 1.5-2 . 3-3.5 .
300-500 var. manihot
1-1.2 . 1 . 4
2 0.7-1 . Tang, Y., M.G. Gilbert and L.J. Dorr. (2007). Malvaceae. In Flora of China Vol.
1 1-1.5 . 12: 284.
2-3 . 2-2.5 .

Broussonetia LHr. ex Vent. 8
2 B. kurzii (Hook. f.)
Corner

Pierre Marie Auguste Broussonet
(1761-1807)

Berg, C.C., N. Pattharahirantricin and B. Chantarasuwan. (2011). Moraceae. : 5
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Sterculia L.
Malvaceae

5 10-15

5
5 3-5

Sterculia Sterculiaceae Sterculioi-
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: 12 1 S. monosperma Vent.
(: - PK; : - RP) stercus
247

Sterculia balanghas L.
5-20 .
10-30 .
1-3 .
10-20 . 0.5-1.5 .
0.7-1 . 10
2-5
5-9 . 3-6 1-1.5 .

1600
: S. parviflora
1-5 3-4 (: - RP)
Sterculia parviflora Roxb. ex G. Don

30 .
10-22 .
1 2.5-10 .
15 . 1-5 .
2-3 .
10 : 3-5 (: - MP)
1-5 7 .
3-4 1.5-2 .

350
Sterculia pexa Pierre

: (: cultivated - SSi)
20 .
10-30 . 6-9
8-25 . 1-2 . Helicteres viscida Blume
20-30 . 4-5 . Malvaceae
15
5 3-5 1-3 . 7-15 .
4-5 . 20 2-3 1 .
2 .
2.5-3 .
100-900 1
S. foetida L. 5 3-4 .
5
2 . ( , )
Vol. 12: 303. 350

Vol. 12: 319.
: S. balanghas : 2-3
(: , : ; - RP) (: - PK; : - RP)
248

Malachra capitata (L.) L.

Malvaceae
Sida capitata L.
2 .
3 0.5-1.5 .
3, 5 7 5-15 .
10 .
1-2 .
1 4-8 . 5
5 1-1.5 .
5 5 10
: 2-3
3-3.5 . 2.5 . 6-7 (: - RP)

Trichospermum javanicum Blume
Malachra L. 12 Malvaceae
malache
8-20 .
10-18 . 1
1-1.5 .
Masters, M.T. (1874). Malvaceae. In Flora of British India Vol 1: 329. 5-10 . 5
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5 1 .
5 2 2
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Trichospermum Blume Tiliaceae
Grewioideae 20
thrix trichos sperma

:
5 (: - RP)
Phanera bracteata Benth.

Fabaceae
Bauhinia bracteata (Benth.) Baker

1 . 3-15 .
4-5
7 . 4-7 .

5 1 . : 1
0.5-1.3 . (: - MT)
2-3 3.5 . 6-7
2-4 .
Hibiscus glanduliferus Craib
17 . 2-8 ( , ) Malvaceae
3 .
500 1.5 .
15 .

Larsen, K., S.S. Larsen and J.E. Vidal. (1984). Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae. 2-3 1-5 .
In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(1): 31. 1-2 . 10
249

4-6 . 1 .
1 . 1.5-3 .
6-10 . 2 .
2 .
( , , )

600
Talipariti

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275-276.
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Helicteres hirsuta Lour.
Malvaceae
1-5 .
5-20 .
1-2 0.5-2.5 .
3 . 1-1.5 .
2-2.5 .
5
3.5-4 . 5
( , )
: 10
5 (: - RP)
1000
Enkleia malaccensis Griff.

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4-12 .
18-25 5-8 .
2-5 . 2
2-8 .
5-8 . 5 2-4 .
2.5 . 10 2
0.5-1.5 .
2 . 1-1.5 .
6-8 . :
(: - RP)

,
500 Talipariti Fryxell
Malvaceae
Enkleia Griff. Thymelaeoideae 3
2
E. thorelii (Lecomte) Nevling 5-10
E. paniculata (Merr.) 5
Hallier. f. 5
enkleio 5 5 10

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250

4
Hibiscus Talipariti
Helicteres isora L.
Pariti Paritium
Malvaceae
1-5 .
Talipariti tiliaceum (L.) Fryxell 1 .
Hibiscus tiliaceus L. 8-20 .
5-7 1-3 .
3-10 . 2-3
1-3 . 1.5-2 . 2
6-15 . 7 9 2.5-3 . 1.2-1.5 .

1-3 . 1 1-3 . 5
8-12 1-6 . ( , )
1.5-2 .
4-6 .
3 .
1.5-2 . 100-400

1400 Phengklai, C. (2001). Sterculiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(3): 568.
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pernambucense (Arruda) Fryxell T. pernambucense
(Arruda) Bovini

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:
2
(: - RP)

Sterculia lanceolata Cav.
Malvaceae
1-5 .
8-22 .

1-5 . 4-10 . 1-2 .

4-8 . 10
5
2-5 4-8 .
3-5 1-1.5 . (
, )

1600

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251

4-5 .
1.2-2 .
5 3-5 . 15
5 1-3 .
5
5-7 . 2-4

100-1400
: 3-5
(: , : ; - RP)
Firmiana Marsili Sterculiaceae
Sterculioideae 15 3
Hydrolea zeylanica (L.) Vahl Karl Josef von Firmian (1717-1782)
Padua
Hydrophyllaceae
Nama zeylanica L.
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2-3 .
5
4-8 .
5 5-10 .
5
4
2

Hydrolea L. Boraginaceae 20
hydor elaia

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Colona auriculata (Desf.) Craib
Malvaceae
Diplophractum auriculatum Desf.
2 .

7-20 .
1
2-3 . 2-3 .
1-4 1 . 5

: 5 5 5 .
(: - RP)
5 2-2.5 .

Firmiana colorata (Roxb.) R. Br. 200
Malvaceae
Sterculia colorata Roxb. Colona Cav. Tiliaceae Grewioideae
30 7
25 . 8-25 . Christopher Columbus (1446-1506) Cristbal Coln
3 5
5 7 5-20 .
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252

3-12 . 20 . 3-5
1.3-3 . 5
1.5-2.5 . 5
1.5-2.5 .

1.5-2.5 . 7-10
7-10 4-6 . 1-3 .
1-2 .

1200
: Eriolaena DC. Sterculiaceae
5 (: - PK) Dombeyoideae 17 1-2
E. glabrescens DC.
erion chlaena laina
Thespesia lampas (Cav.) Dalzell & A. Gibson
Malvaceae

Hibiscus lampas Cav. Phengklai, C. (2001). Sterculiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(3): 552-555.
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3 8-20 . 5-7
7 .
0.5-1 . 5 2-5 .
8 .
6-8 .
1.5 . 2-4 .
1.5 . 5-8 .
2-3 .
5 . ( , )
:
(: - RP)

1300
Pentapetes phoenicea L.
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1-1.5 .
3-14 .
1 .
1-2 1-2 . 5
5-7 .

5 1-2 .
15 5 5

5 1.2 . 10

100
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Pentapetes L. Sterculiaceae
Dombeyoideae
Eriolaena candollei Wall. 5
Malvaceae
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253

Talipariti macrophyllum (Roxb. ex Hornem.) Fryxell
Malvaceae
Hibiscus macrophyllus Roxb. ex Hornem.
10 .
8 . 6-10 .
20-36 .
7 9
15-30 . 30 . 2.5-3 .
1 10-12
3 .
: 1-2 5

5 (: - RP) 6 . 4.5-6 . 3 .
2.5-3 .
( , )
Triumfetta pilosa Roth
Malvaceae ()

1-2 . 1400

3-14 . 1
5 .
5-8 . 3-5 . 5
0.6-1.2 . 1 . Phuphathanaphong, L., P. Siriruksa and G. Nuvongsri. (1989). The genus
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10 Tang, Y., M.G. Gilbert and L.J. Dorr. (2007). Malvaceae (Hibiscus macrophyllus).
5 .
6-8 .

1500
Triumfetta L. Tiliaceae Grewioideae
150
5-6 T. annua L. 3
T. cana Blume
Giovanni Battista Trionftti (1656-1708)

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12: 259. (: - RP)
,
Wikstroemia Endl.
Thymelaeaceae

4-5
2
(hypogynal disc) 2 4

Wikstroemia 70
Daphne
4-5 W. nutans
Champ. ex Benth. W. polyantha Merr.
: T. pilosa (: - PK);
: T. annua (: - RP); : cf. T. cana Johan
(: - PK) Emanuel Wikstrm (1789-1856)
254

Wikstroemia indica (L.) C. A. Mey.

Daphne indica L.
3 . 1.5-7 .

1-2 .
1-3 . :
(: - RP)
0.5-1.2 . 4 2-3 . 8
1 . 2
7-8 . 5 .
Jatropha integerrima Jacq.
Euphorbiaceae
100-1600
6 .
6-13 .
3-5 15 .
4 . 7 .
Peterson, B. (1997). Thymelaeaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(3): 28-35. 5 2.5 .
Wang, Y. and M.G. Gilbert. (2007). Thymelaeaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 13: 1-1.3 . 10
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2
5 3
2 1 .
8-9 . 2

Jatropha L. Crotonoideae Jatropheae
175
5 4
: J. multifida L. J. curcas L. J. gossypiifolia L.
(: - RP) J. podagrica Hook. jatros
trophe

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: cf. W. nutans (: - RP); : W. polyantha

(: - RP)
Drosera peltata Thunb.

Droseraceae
35 . : (: cultivated - RP)

4-8 . 2 .
2-8 .

2-6 . 0.6-2 .
5-7 2-4 .
5-7 4-6 .
2-4 . 3 2-5 3
2-4 . ( , )

700-2100

Larsen, K. (1987). Droseraceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(1): 67-69. : (: cultivated - RP); : (: cultivated - RP); :
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255

, 1-3
Albizia Durazz. 0.6-1 .
2.5-3.5 . 7-9
Fabaceae 1.2 . ( , )
2
2000

5 5
. 5 5
subsp. nobile 3-7

Albizia Mimosoideae Ingeae 150 Dunn, S.T. (1921). Jasminum rex. Bulletin of Miscellaneous Information Kew
12 1 Albizia saman (Jacq.) Merr. 1921: 219.
Cathormion umbellatum (Vahl) Kosterm. Green, P.S. (2000). Oleaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(2): 335-337.
Filippo degli Albizzi 18
Albizia lucidior (Steud.) I. C. Nielsen

Inga lucidior Steud.
40 . 12 . 1-3
2-13 . 2-7
3.5-15 .
3 . 10-15
2 .
1.5-5 . 4.5-8 .
1.5-4 .
10-30 . : 1-3 7 2
10 8-9 . (: cultivated - RP; : - PK)
,

1200 Adenia Forssk.
Passifloraceae

189-191. 1-2
Wu, D. and I.C. Nielsen. (2010). Fabaceae (Tribe Ingeae). In Flora of China Vol.
10: 62-63. 5 5
5
(gynophore) 3
3
Adenia Passifloroideae 100
6

aden

Adenia penangiana (Wall. ex G. Don) W. J. de Wilde
Passiflora penangiana Wall. ex G. Don
: 2 2-16 .
(: - SR) 2 3 10 .
10 . 1-3
1-3 0.3-5 . 0.8-1.7 .
Jasminum nobile C. B. Clarke subsp. rex (Dunn) P. S. Green (stipe) 0.5-1.5 .
Oleaceae 0.4-1 .
Jasminum rex Dunn 2.5-3.5 .
0.5-1 .
5-14 . 2.5 .
1 1-2 . 2-7 .
2-3 5-15
256

1200 Johannesteijsmannia altifrons (Rchb. f. & Zoll.) H. E. Moore
var. parvifolia (Pierre ex Gagnep.) W. J. de Wilde
Arecaceae
Teysmannia altifrons Rchb. f. & Zoll.

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2.5 .
50-100 .
30-50 . 2-3
5-20 . 2-4 4-5 .
3
6 4-5 .

800
Johannesteijsmannia H. E. Moore Coryphoideae
Corypheae 4
Johannes Elias Teijsmann
: (1809-1882)
( : , : ; - RP)

Barfod, A.S. and J. Dransfield. (2013). Arecaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 11(3):
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Licuala peltata Roxb. ex Buch.-Ham. var. sumawongii Saw
Arecaceae
6 .
1-1.8 . 2.7 .
50-60 .
2-3 3.5 .
0.8-1.2 . (prophyll) 35-40 .
3-7 33-36 .
35-55 . 15 .
2 . :
6-7 . 3 3 1-1.2 . (: - RP)
6 8-9 .
7-8 . 1.2-2 . ,
Goniothalamus (Blume) Hook. f. & Thomson
var. peltata Annonaceae
L. elegans Blume L. pumila Blume
var.

3 6 2
Licuala Wurmb Coryphoideae Corypheae
135 13
leko wala 1-10 2

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gonia
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Goniothalamus giganteus Hook. f. & Thomson
10-20 . 15-25 .
0.5-1.5 .
2.5-4.5 .
: 1 .
(: cultivated - PK) 8-15 . 1.5-2 .
257

3 . 20 .
6-7 . 10 .
1.5 . 3-5 .
3-4.5 . 1 . 1-2 1-2.5 .
3-6 .
900
acetogenins 1 . ( , )

Goniothalamus cheliensis Hu 1800
5-7 .
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6-8 . 3.5 .
6-9 .
4 2.5 .

1300-1400

Li, B. and M.G. Gilbert. (2011). Annonaceae (Goniothalamus). In Flora of China :
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Lamiaceae
7 .

10-23 .
10-13 .
1 .
6-8 . 5-7
1 . 0.8-1 .
: 6 2 3 2 2
(: - RP)
4 2

1600-2000
Leucosceptrum Sm. leukos
skeptron

Li, X.W. and I.C. Hedge. (1994). Lamiaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 17: 245.
:
(: ; - AM, - RP)

Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp.
Lamiaceae
6 .
:
7-20 . (: - MT)
258

Millingtonia hortensis L. f. Hippobroma longiflora (L.) G. Don
Bignoniaceae Campanulaceae
25 . 2-3 1 . Lobelia longiflora L., Laurentia longiflora (L.) Peterm.
3-5 2-7 . 10-50 .

10-35 . 1 . 3-17 .
2-4 . 5
3-7 . 3-5 . 2 0.3-1 . 5 . 5
3 1-2 . 2 0.8-2 . 5-9 .
5 1.8-2.5 . 5
4-7 .
28-36 . 1.5-3.5 . 2 1-1.5 .

1000
Millingtonia L. f. Hippobroma G. Don Laurentia

Sir Thomas Millington (1628-1704) Lobelia hippo
broma

Zhang, Z.Y. and T. Santisuk. (1998). Bignoniaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 18: 214. de Wilde, W.J.J.O. and B.E.E. Duyfjes. (2014). Campanulaceae. In Flora of
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:
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Radermachera hainanensis Merr.

:
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25 . 2-3 20-40 .
4-10 .
Etlingera triorgyalis (Baker) R. M. Sm.
1-4 . 0.8-1.8 . Zingiberaceae
3.5-5 . 1.5 . Amomum triorgyale Baker
25-40 . 6 . 15
1.2 . ( , ) 0.8-1 .
10-14 . 6 .
100-600 5-15 . 8-17
13.5 . 7
9-11 . 10 .
Santisuk, T. (1987). Bignoniaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(1): 41. 8 .
2 6 .
5-6 .
10 .
3 . ( , )

: 2-3 Khaw, S.H. (2001). The genus Etlingera (Zingiberaceae) in peninsular Malaysia
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259

Hedychium longicornutum Griff. ex Baker
Zingiberaceae
30-60 .
30 .
4-5 .
2.5 .
1-1.5 . 3-5 .
1.5-2.5 .
3-5 .
4-5 . ( , )

:
(: - RP)

, Baker, J.G. (1894). Hedychium. In Flora of British India Vol. 6: 228.
Orchidantha N. E. Br.
Lowiaceae

3
2 1 5
3
1 3 3

Orchidantha Lowiaceae 21
3 2
: (: - RP)
O. foetida Jenjitt. & K. Larsen O. fimbriata Holttum
10-12 .

Orchidantha foetida Jenjitt. & K. Larsen
30-50 . 20-40 . 7-12 .
Orchidantha siamensis K. Larsen 7 . 10-11 .
6-6.5 .
6-7 . 30 . 30 . 3-3.2 .
10-14 . 6.5-8 . 8-9 . 9 .
1.5-2 . 6 . 1.7 . 1 .
3 . 7 . 2 5 .
5-6 . 1-1.5 . ( , )
1.5 . 6 . 2-3 .
7 .

Jenjittikul, T. and K. Larsen. (2002). Orchidantha foetida (Lowiaceae), a new
species from Thailand. Nordic Journal of Botany 22(4): 405-407.

Larsen, K. (1972). Lowiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(2): 170-171.
Wu, D. and W.J. Kress. (2000). Lowiaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 24: 319.
: : 3 (: - RP)
(: - CP)
260

Gyrocarpus Jacq. 3

Etlingera yunnanensis (T. L. Wu & S. J. Chen) R. M. Sm.
gyros carpos
Zingiberaceae
Achasma yunnanense T. L. Wu & S. J. Chen

2-3 . Duyfjes, B.E.E. (2010). Hernandiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 10(2): 200.
50-60 .
10 .
2.5-3 . 6-10
2.7 . 3.5-4 .
2.5-3 .

5 . 10 .
2.5-3 . ( , )

900
: 2 (: - RP; :
- PK)
,
Phoenix L.
Arecaceae

3
3 6
3

Phoenix Coryphoideae Phoeniceae 14
3
P. roebelenii OBrien

2-3
: 6-10 phoinix phoinikos
(: - JM)

Gyrocarpus americanus Jacq. Phoenix loureiroi Kunth
Hernandiaceae 5 . 2 .
Gyrocarpus asiaticus Willd. 80-130 3-4
14-16
6-25 . 20 . 10-15 .
7-24 . 3-5 25-30 8-12 . 5-8 .
3-5 1-1.5 . 30-40 30-40 . 3-4 .
5-17 . 3-6 .
1.4-1.6 . 1-1.8 .
6-8 4 2 4
2.5 .
0.5-1 . 1500
1
1.5-2 . 8 2 6.5-9 .
2-3 . 0.8-1.1 .
Phoenix paludosa Roxb.

5 . 2-3 .
30-60 3-4
400 11-19 8 .
20-30 . 30-50 5-10 .
261

7-9 . 20-30 . 20-40 Cornukaempferia Mood & K. Larsen Hedychioideae

9-30 . 3-5 . 1-1.5 . 1-1.2 . Kaempferia
Boesenbergia 3
2 C. longipetiolata Mood & K. Larsen

C. larsenii P. Saensouk

cornu Kaempferia
Kaempferia
Barfod, A.S. and J. Dransfield. (2013). Arecaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 11(3):
461-465.
Mood, J. and K. Larsen. (1997). Cornukaempferia, a new genus of Zingiberaceae
from Thailand. Natural History Bulletin of the Siam Society 45: 217-221.
________. (1999). New to cultivation: the genus Cornukaempferia in Thailand
with description of a second species. New Plantsman 6: 196-205.
Saensouk, P., P. Theeraulpisut and P. Chantaranothai. (2007). Cornukaempferia
larsenii sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae): A new species from Thailand. Natural
History Journal of Chulalongkorn University 7(2): 115-119.
: 3-4 (:
- RP)
: C. aurantiflora
(: - JM)
: (: - PK)
: C. larsenii (: - JM)

Cornukaempferia aurantiflora Mood & K. Larsen : C. longipetiolata
Zingiberaceae (: - JM)
8 . 2-3
20-25 .
5-6 . 3-10 . Kaempferia filifolia K. Larsen
Zingiberaceae
5 . 20 . 2-10 6-15 .
1.3 . 3 7-9 . 1-2 .
2.5-3 . 4 . 4 . 3.5-7 .
5 . 3-10 .
3 .
1.5-2 . 3-7 .
1.5-2.2 . 1-1.3 . 5.5-14 . 1.5-3 .
3 1.2-1.5 . 1.4-2 .
1.7-2 .
3-4 . 2.5-3 .
1500 ( , )
262

Monolophus saxicola (K. Larsen) Veldkamp & Mood
200 K. fallax Gagnep. K. fissa Gagnep.
(pers. com. - John Mood) Zingiberaceae
Caulokaempferia saxicola K. Larsen
30 . 5-7 6-13 .
Sirirugsa, P. (1992). Taxonomy of the genus Kaempferia (Zingiberaceae) in
Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 19: 5. 2-3 .
5-10 2
3 .
7-9 . 3
2-3 . 2-2.5 .
0.7-1 .

12-22 . 1.7-2.7 .
5 . 2.2 .

: (: - JM)
900-1100
Monolophus Wall. Caulokaempferia Jirawongsea

Boesenbergia alba (K. Larsen & R. M. Sm.) Mood & L. M. Prince
Boesenbergia
Zingiberaceae Monolophus 25
Caulokaempferia alba K. Larsen & R. M. Sm., C. thailandica K. Larsen,

C. violacea K. Larsen & Triboun, Boesenbergia thailandica (K. Larsen)
Mood & L. M. Prince, B. violacea (K. Larsen & Triboun) Mood & L. M. Prince,
Jirawongsea alba (K. Larsen & R. M. Sm.) Picheans.
60 . 1-3 . 4-6 Larsen, K. (1964). Studies in Zingiberaceae IV. Botanisk Tidsskrift Vol. 60(3):
171-175.
30 . 24 . Mood, J.D., J.F. Veldkamp, S. Dey and L.M. Prince. (2014). Nomenclatural
1-3 . 8 . changes in Zingiberaceae: Caulokaempferia is a superfluous name for
3-5 . 4-6 Monolophus and Jirawongsea is reduced to Boesenbergia. Gardens Bulletin
5-6 . 2.5 . Singapore 66(2): 215-231.
3-4 . Picheansoonthon, C., A. Chaiyoot and S. Sukrong. (2008). Jirawongsea, a
1.5 . new genus of family Zingiberaceae. Folia Malaysiana 9: 1-16.
3.5 . 1.2 .
3 . ( , )

1000-1500

Larsen, K. and R.M. Smith. (1972). Notes on Caulokaempferia. Notes from the
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 31(2): 288-291.
Mood, J.D., J.F. Veldkamp, S. Dey and L.M. Prince. (2014). Nomenclatural
changes in Zingiberaceae: Caulokaempferia is a superfluous name for :
Monolophus and Jirawongsea is reduced to Boesenbergia. Gardens Bulletin (: - SSi)
Singapore 66(2): 215-231.

Kaempferia larsenii Sirirugsa
7-15 . 2-4
6-10 .
1 . 3-4 .
3 .
8 1.5 .
3 . 2
1.4 . 5.5 .
1.5 .
1.5-1.7 . 2 .
3.5 . 2.5 .

: 150-250
(: ; - PK, - JM)
263

,
Kaempferia L.
Zingiberaceae

2
2-3
3

3
Kaempferia Zingiberoideae Zingibereae : 2-4

(: - PK)
60 25
Engelbert Kaempfer (1651-1716)
Kaempferia galanga L.
2-3 6-14 .

5 .
2-3 . 2-3 .
2-2.5 . 2
3-4 . 1.5-2 .

1.5-2 .
1.8-2.2 . 3-4 . :
(: cultivated - JM); : (: - RP)
4-5 . 2 4-6 .

400
K. marginata Carey ex Roscoe

(pers. com. John Mood)

Kaempferia elegans (Wall.) Baker :

Monolophus elegans Wall. (: - RP)
10-20 . 2-4 13-15 . ,

Croton L.
10 . 3-10 .
3-20 . 1-2 Euphorbiaceae
2.5-6 . 1.5-2 .
2-3 . 2
5-7 . 1.7-2 .

1.2-2 . 2-2.8 . 1-5 5
3 . 6 . 5
10-20 2
3 1
3
1000 2

3 3
Sirirugsa, P. (1989). The genus Kaempferia (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand. Nordic
Journal of Botany 9: 257-259. Croton Crotonoideae Crotoneae
________. (1992). Taxonomy of the genus Kaempferia (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand. 800 100
Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 19: 1-15. 32 kroton
Wu, D. and K. Larsen. (2000). Zingiberaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 24: 368-370.
264

Croton argyratus Blume

10 .
2.5-5 . 14-20 .
12-25 .
7-12 1-2 . 5-6 .
3 . 3.5 10-12
4-5 .
3-4 .
1.2-1.5 .

:
400 2 (: - RP)

Esser, H.-J. and P.C. van Welzen. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Croton). In Flora of
Thailand Vol. 8(1): 189-190, 193-195. Croton bonplandianus Baill.
Euphorbiaceae
1 .

3-5.5 .
1
0.5-1.2 . 4-12 . 2-7
1 . 1 .
1.5 . 13-16
1 .
2 . 6-7 .

:
(: ; - MP, - RP)

Croton decalvatus Esser
Colobocarpos nanus (Gagnep.) Esser & Welzen 3 . 2-4 .
Euphorbiaceae 12-30 .
Croton nanus Gagnep., C. colobocarpus Airy Shaw 0.4-1.6 .
12 . 2-3.5 .
20 . 3-5 . 2.5 .
2-6.5 . 12 4 .
1 1 4 . 2
2-3 2-3 . 7-9 .
2-2.5 .
10 5
2 . 5 10-20 100-500

5 . 3
1-2 . 2 Croton stellatopilosus H. Ohba
6-7 . 3
3 . 6 .
3-4 . 6-18 .

200 0.5-2.5 . 7-10 . 4-10
1.5-2 .
Colobocarpos Esser & Welzen Crotonoideae 2-6 . 2.5 .
Croton 10 4-6 .
3 . 3 .
colobos carpos 6 . 5 .

Esser, H.-J. and P.C. van Welzen. (2001). Colobocarpos, a new genus of 500
South-East Asian Euphorbiaceae. Kew Bulletin 56: 657-659. Kelnac
________. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Colobocarpos). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 8(1):
188-189. C. sublyratus Kurz
265

Croton fluviatilis Esser
1800
5 . 3-5 .
10-17 .
Esser, H.-J. (2002). Croton poomae (Euphorbiaceae), a new species from
1-3.5 . 7-19 . Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 30: 1.
4-12 2-3.5 . 4-5 . ________. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Croton). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 8(1): 189-226.
2.5 10-12 Esser, H.-J. and K. Chayamarit. (2001). Two new species and a new name in
2 . 4-8 . Thai Croton (Euphorbiaceae). Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 29: 55-56.

3-5 . 3 8 .

100-250 Croton
(rheophyte)
Croton poomae Esser

10 . : (: - RP)
0.8-1.2 .
15-28 .

20 . 2-7 1-1.5 .
1 .
3 . 10
5 .
2-3 . 1.5-1.7 . : C. decalvatus
(: - MP)

200-300
.
Croton roxburghii N. P. Balakr.

15 .
: C. stellatopilosus
2 . 10-32 . (: cultivated - RP)
1-5 . 10-35 .
10-23 1-3 .
2.5-5 . 2.5-3 .
10-12 2-4 .
3-5 . 2.5-3 .
3-4 . 6-8 .

1000
Croton poilanei Gagnep.

:
10 . 3 (: cultivated - RP)
2-4 .
15-37 .
1.5-7 . 12-40 . 7-20
3-5 . 2-3 .
2.5 .
10 1-3 .
5-7 .
2-3 . 3-4 . :
1 . (: - RP)
266

Terminalia pierrei Gagnep.
Combretaceae
4-15 .

2.5-10 . 0.3-1 .
4-10 .
1.5 . 1-2 . 5
0.5-1 . 2 10
4-8 .
2.5-5 . 5 0.9-1.2 . 3-4 .
: (: 1-2 . ( , )
- SR; : - SSi; : - RP)

1000

Nanakorn, W. (1985). The genus Terminalia (Combretaceae) in Thailand. Thai
:
(: ; - PK, - RP)
Aporosa arborea (Blume) Mll. Arg.

Phyllanthaceae : 10
Leiocarpus arboreus Blume 5 (: - SSi; : - PK)
25 .
Homalium peninsulare Sleumer
13-35 . 1.5-5.5 .
10 Salicaceae
1.5-5.5 . 4-5 10 .
2 0.3-0.4 . 1-6 7-12 .
1-3.5 . 11 1.5-3 . 7-8 .
2-5 . 5 1 . 15-20 . 3-54 . 1-5 .
1.5 . 1.3-1.7 . 2.5 .
1 . ( , ) 9-10
2 . 5-6
1000 3
( , )

Schot, A.M. and P.C. van Welzen. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Aporosa). In Flora
of Thailand Vol. 8(1): 84. 100-300

Harwood, B. (2015). Salicaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 13(1): 45-47.
Sleumer, H. (1985). The Flacourtiaceae of Thailand. Blumea 30: 221.
:
: (: - MP) (: - PK)
267

Chorisandrachne diplosperma Airy Shaw

Phyllanthaceae
Leptopus diplospermus (Airy Shaw) G. L. Webster
10 .
1-2.5 .
1-1.5 .
4 . 5-6 .
5 1.5 . 5
2 . 5
2 . 3 2
3 3 1 . : C. citrinus (: cultivated - RP);
2.5 . 5 . : C. viminalis (: cultivated - RP); : C. citrinus Little John
(: cultivated - RP)

300
Sonerila maculata Roxb.
Chorisandrachne Airy Shaw Leptopus Melastomataceae
Leptopus 10 L. australis
(Zoll. & Moritzi) Pojark. Euphorbiaceae
20-60 .
choris Andrachne
3-11 .
Andrachne

2-4 1-2.5 . 1-9 .
3-9 . 15 3-4 .
van Welzen, P.C. (2007). Euphorbiaceae (Leptopus). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4-7 . 0.8-1 .
8(2): 352-355. 0.5-1 . 4-7 . 6 3-4 .
________. (2009). Recent changes in Thai Euphorbiaceae sensu lato. Thai Forest ( , )
Bulletin (Botany), Special Issue: 212-218.

2400

: 3 (: - RP)
Callistemon citrinus (Curtis) Skeels

Myrtaceae
Metrosideros citrina Curtis : (: - PK)
10 .
4-11 .
Brownlowia peltata Benth.
Malvaceae
5-6 . 5 1-2 . 30 . 12-30 .
5 3-4 . 18-50 . 7-9
1-3 . 4-20 . 10-40 .
4 . 5-7 .
2
2-3 . ( , )
Callistemon R. Br. 40
C. viminalis (Sol. ex Gaertn.) G. Don
C. citrinus Little John 600 B. emarginata
kali stemon Pierre
B. helferiana Pierre
B. kleinhovioidea
Parnell, J. and P. Chantaranothai. (2002). Myrtaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. King
7(4): 784.
268

Kosyermans, A.J.G.H. (1962). Miscellaneous botanical notes 4. Reinwardtia
6(3): 297. Illicium tenuifolium (Ridl.) A. C. Sm.
Phengklai, C. (1993). Tiliaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(1): 14. Schisandraceae
Illicium cambodianum Hance var. tenuifolium Ridl.
10 . 3-6
7-18 .
0.5-1.5 .
1-5 . 11-18 1-2
3-5 .
11-16 1-2 5-8
5-8 1-1.2 .

700-1500
Illicium L. Illiciaceae 40
: B. peltata (: - RP) 2-3 Illicium peninsulare A. C. Sm. 13-14
I. cambodianum Hance
I. verum Hook. f.
Star Anise

shikimic acid Tamiflu

Keng, H. (1972). Illiciaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(2): 115-116.
Liu, Y., N. Xia and R.M.K. Saunders. (2008). Illiciaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 7: 32.
: cf. B. helferiana (: - RP)
Stemona burkillii Prain

Stemonaceae
1 . 9-17 .
11-19 4-17 .
1.5-4.5 . 1-4 2-6 .
1-2.5 .
3-5 . 1.5-2.2 . 1.8-2 .
2.5-3.5 .
3-5 1-1.2 . ( , )
: 1-2
8 (: - - RP)

1000
Dasymaschalon lomentaceum Finet & Gagnep.
Duyfjes, B.E.E. and P. Inthachub. (2011). Stemonaceae. In Flora of Thailand
Vol. 11(1): 77-80. Annonaceae
5 .
5-14 .
2.5-5 .
0.5-1.3 . 3
1.5-3 .
1.5-2 . 1.5-2.5 .
9-11
3-8 . 4-9 1.5-1.8 .
2 . 2-5 4 .

: 11-19 Wang, J., P. Chalermglin and R.M.K. Sauders. (2009). The genus Dasymaschalon
(: ; - RP, - PK) (Annonaceae) in Thailand. Systematic Botany 34(2): 261-262.
269

3-5 . 1.5-2.5 .
15-35 .

tagalog

Ceriops zippeliana Blume
12 .
: 2.5-3.6 . 280-310 18-20 5.5-11 .
4-9 1.5-1.8 . (: cultivated - RP) 1.5-2.6 . 3-7
2 2.5 . 2-8 2-3 .
, 3-3.5 .
Ceriops Arn. 1
Rhizophoraceae 2 . 1.5 . 9-17 .

2 Alexander Zippelius (1797-1828)
5-6
Hou, D. (1970). Rhizophoraceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(1): 10-12.
10-12 3 2 Hughes, R.H. and S. Sukardjo. (1992). Ceriops decandra (Griff.) Ding Hou. In
Plant Resources of South-East Asia. No. 3: Dye and tannin-producing
plants. Prosea Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia. pp. 65-67.
(hypocotyl) Sheue, C.R., H.Y. Liu, C.C. Tsai, S.M.A. Rashid, J.W.H. Yong, and Y.P. Yang.
(2009). On the morphology and molecular basis of segregation of two
Ceriops 5 species Ceriops zippeliana Blume and C. decandra (Griff.) Ding Hou
3 ceras-opsis (Rhizophoraceae) from southeastern Asia. Blumea 54: 220-227.

Ceriops decandra (Griff.) Ding Hou

Bruguiera decandra Griff.
2-10 . 1.2-2.5 .
50-70 7-8 4-9 .
1.2-2.5 . 4-12 2 : (: - NP)
1-2 . 1-3 4 .

1 2.5-3 .
8 . 8-13 .

: (: ,
Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C. B. Rob. : ; - NP)
Rhizophora tagal Perr.
2-10 . 30-40 .
1-2.5 .
165-205 24-26
4-12 . 1-3.5 . 4-10
2.5 . 5 .

: (: - NP)
3.5-4 . 3
270

Lantana trifolia L. Philydrum lanuginosum Banks & Sol. ex Gaertn.
Verbenaceae Philydraceae
2 . 3
4-10 . 40-70 . 5-20 .

6 . 30-150 . 4
0.7-1 . 1.2-1.5 . 2
4-7 .
5 . 2
6-8 . 4 3 3-4 .
2 2
1 . 1 .
3 .
2

50
1000 Philydrum Banks ex Gaertn.
Lantana L. 55 phileo hydro
3 L. camara L.
Larsen, K. (1987). Philydraceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(1): 104-105.
L. montevidensis (Spreng.) Briq.

Atkins, S. (2010). Verbenaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 10(2): 252-261.
: (: - PK)
,
Neptunia Lour.
Fabaceae
2

5
5 10
:
(: ; - RP, - PK)
Neptunia Mimosoideae 13
3 Neptunus

Neptunia oleracea Lour.
: 4-8 .
(: , : cultivated; - RP) 2-4 3.5-8 .
2-4 . 20 0.4-1 .
12-30 . 30-50
0.1-1.5 . 2-3.5 .
0.7-1.5 . 2-3 . 3-4.5 .
6-9 . 2-4 .
4-20 4-5 .
N. plena (L.) Benth.
: (: cultivated - RP) 20
271

Neptunia javanica Miq.
1 . 2-3 .
1-3 1-3 .
0.5-1.5 . 7-20 0.2-0.8 .
3-7 . 13-15
0.8-1.3 . 1.8-2.3 . :
(: - RP)
5-8 . 1.8-2.5 .
3-4 . 4-5.5 .
3-5 . 7-11 3-4 .
Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC.

200 Asteraceae
Senecio pseudochina L.

146-149. 5-18 .
3 .
20-80 . 1-5 1-1.5 .
0.5-4 .
1-1.2 . 8-9
13 0.7-1.2 .
5 1-1.3 .
5
3-4 . 10
1-1.2 .

500-1500
: 2-4 20 (: cultivated Gynura Cass. Senecioneae 40
- MP); : 20 (: - RP) 12
gyne oura

Chen, Y. and B. Nordenstam. (2011). Asteraceae (Gynura). In Flora of China
Vol. 20-21: 539.
: 1-3 (: - RP)

Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth
Piperaceae
Piper pellucidum L. :
40 . (: - RP)
1-3.5 .
1-2 .
2-6 . Paraboea pubicorolla Z. R. Xu & B. L. Burtt
0.5 . Gesneriaceae
2 4-13 .

0.5 .
1-5.5 . 1-3
25-35 .
5 . 5 . 2-3 . 5
Peperomia Ruiz & Pav. 1600 20
2 . 7 .
peperi homios
2 4-5 . 3 3 .
4 . 2
4 . 2 2.5-3 .
Tseng, Y.C., N. Xia and M.G. Gilbert. (1999). Piperaceae. In Flora of China ( , )
Vol. 4: 130.
272

5 .
500 2 . 3 5-7 .

Zhaoran, Xu and B.L. Burtt. (1991). Towards a revision of Paraboea (Gesneriaceae):
I. Edinburgh Journal of Botany Vol. 48(1): 10-11. 100-200
Neothorelia Capparaceae
Cleome
Clovis Thorel (1833-1911)

Williams, K. and K. Chayamarit. (2005). A revised generic key to the Capparaceae
of Thailand with a description of Neothorelia laotica Gagnep. Thai Forest
:
(: - RP)
Damrongia cyanantha Triboun

Gesneriaceae

9-17 .
5-17 . 2-5 10-22 .
2 3 1.8 .
2-8 . 10 1-3
1.2-1.4 . 3 : 3 3
(: - PK; : - SSi)
1 . 3 2
7 . 3.5-4 .
1 . 2 1.2-1.4 .
2-3 . 2 . Asplenium longissimum Blume
( , ) Aspleniaceae

300 5 .
1-2 . 20 . 30-50
3 . 8-10 . 1.5-2 .
Triboun, P. and D.J. Middleton. (2010). A new species of Damrongia (Gesneriaceae)
from Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 38: 108-110. 3
1 .

Asplenium L. 700 40
asplenon

: Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/
3 2 (: - SSi) Tagawa, M. and K. Iwatsuki. (1985). Aspleniaceae. In Flora of Thailand 3(2):
281-282.
Neothorelia laotica Gagnep.

Cleomaceae
5 . 3
4-10 . 6-13 .
3-7 .
6-30 . 1-3 .
6 2 3-4.5 .
6 3 .
15-20 3 2 : (: - PC)
273

,
Cyclosorus Link
Thelypteridaceae

2

:
Cyclosorus 250 (: - PK)
44 kyklos
soros ,
Boerhavia L.
Nyctaginaceae
Cyclosorus dentatus (Forssk.) Ching
Polypodium dentatum Forssk.
5 1-5
8 . 30-90 . 15-60 .
12-25 4-15 .
5

Boerhavia 50
2 B. repens L. B. coccinea Mill.
B. diffusa L.
2000 B. chinensis (L.) Asch. & Schweinf.
Commicarpus chinensis (L.) Heimerl

Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd.) H. Ito Herman
Pteris interrupta Willd., Thelypteris interrupta (Willd.) K. Iwats. Boerhaave (1668-1739)
4 .
2.5 . 22-60 .
22-70 . 14-25 6-15 . Boerhavia diffusa L.
20 .
1-2 .
1-5 .

2-5
1.5-2 . 2-3
5 2-3.5 .

Lin, Y., L. Zhongyang and K. Iwatsuki. (2013). Thelypteridaceae (Cyclosorus).
In Flora of China Vol. 2-3: 372, 374, 377.
Tagawa, M. and K. Iwatsuki. (1988). Thelypteridaceae (Thelypteris). In Flora of
Thailand 3(2): 400, 427.
Boerhavia erecta L.
1 .

2-8 .
0.5-5.5 .
1-5
5 . 2 .
1-4
5 2-4 .

Larsen, K. (1991). Nyctaginaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(3): 371-374.
: Lu, D. and M.G. Gilbert. (2003). Nyctaginaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 5:
(: - TP) 433-434.
274

Hedyotis ovatifolia Cav.
Rubiaceae
10-20 .
1-2.5 . 1-3
2 1-6 .
: B. diffusa
(: - RP; : - SSu)
5 .
1-7 3-10 . 1.5-4 .
1.2 . 4
1-1.5 . 4
4

2-3 .

100-1300
Hedyotis L. Rubioideae Spermacoceae
Oldenlandia
200 25
hedys otos
: B. erecta 4-6
(: - RP)
Chen, T., and C.M. Taylor. (2011). Rubiaceae (Hedyotis). In Flora of China Vol.
19: 167.
Wangwasit, K. and P. Chantaranothai. (2015). Notes on Hedyotis L. (Rubiaceae)
Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Brongn. from Thailand. Phytotaxa 206(1): 47-52.
Pteridaceae
Acrostichum thalictroides L.

2-3 10-40 .

2 10 . 35 .
20-60 .
2 . 1.5-5 . : 2
(: - RP)

Houttuynia cordata Thunb.
Saururaceae
Ceratopteris Brongn. Parkerioideae 5-7 50 .
keratos pteris 2 .
2-10 . 5-7 1.5-4 .
4 1-1.5 . 2-4
0.5-2.5 .
Lin, Y. and S. Masuyama. (2013). Pteridaceae (Ceratopteris). In Flora of China 1.5-3 .
Vol. 2-3: 180. 3 6 .
Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/ 3
Tagawa, M. and K. Iwatsuki. (1989). Parkeriaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2-3 . 1 .
3(2): 184-185.

1000

dokudami cha
Houttuynia Thunb. Saururaceae 5 6

Maarten Houttuyn (1720-1798)

: 2-3 Larsen, K. (2000). Saururaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(2): 344-346.
(: cultivated - SSa) Xia, N. and A.R. Brach. (1999). Saururaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 4: 108-109.
275

6 1
5-6 . 5 3-4 .
3
3 1 .

var. elata (Ridl.)
Backer

Monochoria C. Presl 8
2 M. vaginalis (Burm. f.) C. Presl. ex
Kunth
: 4
monos choris
(: - RP)

Chayamarit, K. (2005). Pontederiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 9(1): 53-57.
Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms Wu, G. and C.N. Horn. (2000). Pontederiaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 24: 40-41.
Pontederiaceae
Pontederia crassipes Mart.
1 .
4.5-14.5 .
10-40 .
35-45 . 7-15
6
6
3 3 3

: (: - RP);
: (: - RP)
Eichhornia Kunth 7 6

Johann Eichhorn (1779-1856) Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt
Cucurbitaceae
Chayamarit, K. (2005). Pontederiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 9(1): 54. Bryonia grandis L.
Wu, G. and C.N. Horn. (2000). Pontederiaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 24: 40-41. 2-3 .
3-5 5-10 .

1-2.5 .
2-3 2-5 . 6-8 . 5
3 . 1.5-3 .
5 3
5 .
3-5 .
3 5-7 . 2
: 2.5-6 . 6-7 .
(: - RP)

400
Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms
Pontederiaceae Coccinia Wight & Arn. Cucurbitoideae
Pontederia hastata L. 30
2 . 5-25 . kokkinos
30-90 .

7-10 . 2-6 . de Wilde, W.J.J.O. and B.E.E. Duyfjes. (2008). Cucurbitaceae. In Flora of
1-3 . 6 Thailand Vol. 9(4): 423-425.
3 3 1-1.6 . Lu, A. and C. Jeffrey. (2011). Cucurbitaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 19: 52.
276

8-25 . 4-5 . 20 .
1.3-1.5 . 3 .

4 . 2 7-8 . 3
1 . 2-3 .
2.5-4 . 1.5-3 .
( , )

700

: 3-5 of Botany 60(3): 347-349.
3 (: ; - RP, - BD)
Helminthostachys zeylanica (L.) Hook.

Ophioglossaceae
Osmunda zeylanica L.

3 (phyllomophore) 15-55 . (trophophyll)
1-2
20-40 .
10-20 .
10-20 . 4-15 .

:
(: - - MP)

Cyrtandromoea grandiflora C. B. Clarke
Gesneriaceae
Helminthostachys Kaulf.
helminthos 1-2 .
stachys 8-22 .

1-4 .
Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/ 4-7 . 2-6
Tagawa, M., and K. Iwatsuki. (1979). Ophioglossaceae. In Flora of Thailand 3(1): 38. 0.8-2.5 . 3 . 5
Xianchun, Z., Q. Liu and N. Sahashi. (2013). Ophioglossaceae. In Flora of
China Vol. 2-3: 77. 3-5.5 . 2 3
2
2
1.5 .

1200-1700
Cyrtandromoea Zoll. Gesneriaceae
Scrophulariaceae 12
3 2
: 3 1-2 C. subsessilis (Miq.) B. L. Burtt
(: - PC) 1-2
C. grandis Ridl.
Cyrtandra
Cyrtandra pendula Blume

Gesneriaceae Hong, D., H. Yang, C.L. Jin, M.A. Fischer, N.H. Holmgren and R.R. Mill.
Cyrtandra rotundifolia Ridl. (1998). Scrophulariaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 18: 41.
Smith, J.F., K.D. Brown, C.L. Carroll and D.S. Denton. (1997). Familial placement
of Cyrtandromoea, Titanotrichum and Sanango: three problematic genera of
the Lamiales. Taxon 46: 6574.
8-23 . Yamazaki, T. (1990). Scrophulariaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(2): 154-157.
277

1.5-2.5 .
5-6 . 3 8-9 .
5-6 . 1.5 .

: C. grandiflora Ipomoea rubens Choisy
(: - TB; : - RP)
4 .
5-15 . 3-12 .
2-14 . 0.7-1.5 . 0.7-1 .
3
4-5 .
1.2 .
6 .
: C. subsessilis 1-2 (:
- PK); : (: - RP)

,
Ipomoea L.
Convolvulaceae Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br.
Convolvulus pes-caprae L.
5 30 .
5 5 3.5-9 .
2
2-4 2-10 . 4-14 . 3 .
2 2-2.5 . 5-8 .
4 6 3 0.7-1 .
4-5 . 1-1.7 .
7-8 .
Ipomoea Convolvuloideae 500
30
ipos

Ipomoea imperati (Vahl) Griseb.
Ipomoea aquatica Forssk. Convolvulus imperati Vahl
5 .
3.5-17 . 3-5 1.5-3 .
3-14 . 1-5 1.5-9 . 4 . 1-3
1-2 . 1.5-5 . 2 . 2 .
7-8 . 3 1.5 . 0.7-1 . 3
8 . 1.5 .
3.5-5 . 1 . 1 .
8 .

400
100

Ipomoea carnea Jacq. subsp. fistulosa (Mart. ex Choisy) D. F. Austin
Ipomoea asarifolia (Desr.) Roem. & Schult. Ipomoea fistulosa Mart. ex Choisy
Convolvulus asarifolius Desr. 2-5 .
3.5-8 . 6-25 .
2.5-15 .
3-9 . 5-10 .
2-5.5 . 10 . 1-1.5 . 3
278

5-6 . 7-9 .

1.5-2 . 1 .
Ipomoea wangii C. Y. Wu
10 .
6-14 .
4.5-9 . 1-3 1-6 .
1.5-2 . 3 :
1.7-2.6 . (: - PK)
6-7.7 . 2 . 7-8 .
1 .

600-1250
Ipomoea cairica (L.) Sweet

Convolvulus cairicus L.
5 .
5 2.5-5 .
2-8 . 2-8 . 0.5-2 .
4-9 .
2.5-7 . :
(: - RP)
1 . 5 .

1000
Ipomoea mauritiana Jacq.

10 . 7-22 .
7-18 . 5-7
3-10 . 2-20 . 1-1.2 .
0.7-1.2 .
5-6 . 1.2-1.4 .
6 .
: 4
(: - RP)
400

Fang, R. and G. Staples. (1995). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 16:
308-380.
:
(: - RP) : (: - RP)
279

Galium asperifolium Wall.
2-6
0.5-2.5 .

1 18 .
1-4 . 2 .
2-3 .
1 .

2100-2550

Galium elegans Wall. ex Roxb.
1 .
4 0.8-3 .
3
4-5 . 10 .
: 1-3 (: - PK)
0.5-2.5 . 1-3 .
2-2.5 . 2
1-1.5 .

1000-2200

: I. cairica 5 Chen, T. and F. Ehrendorfer. (2011). Rubiaceae (Galium). In Flora of China Vol.
(: - PK) 19: 104, 113, 122.
: I. mauritiana 5
(: - RP) : 2-6 4
(: - RP)
,
Galium L.
Rubiaceae
4-10
3

4 4
2
2 2
2
Galium Rubioideae Rubia
400 2
galion G. verum L. : 4 3 (: - SSa)
280

Basella alba L.
Basellaceae
Basella rubra L.
10 .
3-12 . 1-3 .
25 .

3-4 . :
5 5 (: - PK)
1 1
3 5-6 .
Cyanotis axillaris (L.) D. Don ex Sweet
Commelinaceae
Commelina axillaris L.
Basella L. 5
30-40 .
Malabar basella-kira
0.5-1.2 .
2-8 .
3-8
Larsen, K. (1992). Basellaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(4): 410-412. 1 . 3 6-9 .
Lu, D. and M.G. Gilbert. (2003). Basellaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 5: 445. 3
0.8-1 . 4-6 . 6
1-1.5 .
1 . 3 4-7 .
6 1-2 2 .

500
Cyanotis D. Don 50
6 kyanos
otus

Hong, D. and R.A. Filipps. (2000). Commelinaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 24: 23.
:
(: cultivated - RP)
Streptolirion volubile Edgew.

Commelinaceae
1-4 .
5-15 . 5-17 .
15 .
7-15 . 2-10
:
1.5-6 . (: - RP)
3
3-8 . 3 0.5-1 . 6
5-9 . 4-7 . Canscora diffusa (Vahl) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult.
3 0.5-1 .
2-4 . 2 4-5 . Gentianaceae
Gentiana diffusa Vahl

1300-2500 50 . 1-4 .
1 1.5 . 40
Streptolirion Edgew. subsp. khasianum (C. B. 1-4 . 1.5 . 3-7 .
Clarke) D. Y. Hong 4 1-2 .
streptos leirion 4-7 . 4 2 2-6 .
2 2-4 . 4 1 .

3-7 . 5 .
Hong, D. and R.A. Filipps. (2000). Commelinaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 24: 20. 3-7 . ( , )
281

2000 1100 subsp. renigera (Wall. ex G. Don)
W. J. de Wilde

Ubolcholaket, A. (1987). Gentianaceae. In Flora of Thailand. Vol. 5(1): 77-78.
Thailand Vol. 9(4): 468-471.
: 2 2
2 (: - RP)
Pyrrosia lanceolata (L.) Farw. : (:

Polypodiaceae - RP; : - PK)
Acrostichum lanceolatum L.

1-8 . 1-5 . Lobelia nummularia Lam.
6-15 . 1-1.8 . Campanulaceae
Lobelia begoniifolia Wall., Pratia begoniifolia (Wall.) Lindl.
1-2 . 50 .
15-30 . 1-2 . 4-7 . 0.7-2.5 .
0.5 .
( , ) 1.5 . 0.7-3.5 .
2-4 . 5 2.5-6 .
2-3 0.6-1 .
2 3

Lindsay, S. and D.J. Middleton. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and 1-1.5 .
Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/ 0.7-1.5 .
( , )

600-1600

de Wilde, W.J.J.O. and B.E.E. Duyfjes. (2014). Campanulaceae. In Flora of
Thailand Vol. 11(4): 528-530.
Hong, D., G. Song, T.G. Lammers and L.L. Klein. (2011). Campanulaceae. In
: Flora of China Vol. 19: 556.
(: - PC)
Momordica subangulata Blume

Cucurbitaceae
1-3 . 3-5
20 .
2-6
1-2 . 1.2 . 0.4-1 .
2-3 . 2

3-10 .
1.5-9 . 4-5 .
2-2.5 . 5 . :
3-5 . 8-10 4-15 . (: - SSi; : - RP; :
6-7 . ( , ) - SSi)
282

Marsilea crenata C. Presl

Marsileaceae
20 .
4
0.5-2 . 2-3 .
15 .
5 . 2-5 .

1000
Marsilea L. Marsileaceae : 3 (: - RP)
Marsiliales Azollaceae Salviniaceae 52

M. minuta L. M. quadrifolia L. Flora
of China M. crenata C. Presl M. minuta L.
Luigi Ferdinando Marsili (1658-1730)

Lin, Y. and D.M. Johnson. (2013). Marsileaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 2-3: 123.
Lindsay, S. and D.J. Middleton. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and : (: cultivated - MP); : (: cultivated - RP)
Tagawa, M. and K. Iwatsuki. (1989). Marsileaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol.
3(4): 600-602. ,
Rubia L.
Rubiaceae
2
2

5 5
2
2 1 2 1
: 4 (: - TP) Rubia Rubioideae Galium
60
4-5 ruber
Oxalis corniculata L.
Oxalidaceae
3 Rubia garrettii Craib
0.5-2 . 4 . 2
1-2 . 0.2-1.5 . 0.6-2 .
10 . 1-5 5 .
1 2-4 . 0.4-2 .
5 3.5-5 . 3-4 . 2
5 0.3-1 . 5 4-5 .
1-2 5
0.8-2.5 .
5-14 (ejaculatory) 2400-2550

1500
Rubia crassipes Collett & Hemsl.
Oxalis L. 700 3 .
O. triangularis 4
A. St.-Hil. O. hedysaroides Kunth 3-9 .
oxys 0.5-1.8 .
3 5
3-7 . 2.5-3.5 .
Liu, Q. and M. Watson. (2008). Oxalidaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 11: 2. 2.5-4 . 2
Veldkamp, J.F. (1970). Oxalidaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(1): 16-17. 4 .
283

1800-2100 Cleome rutidosperma DC.
1 .
Chen, T. and F. Ehrendorfer. (2011). Rubiaceae (Rubia). In Flora of China Vol. 0.5-3.5 . 3
19: 305, 311.
1-3.5 . 3 1-3.5 .
2-4 . 6 1-2 .
2.5-4 .
0.7-1 .
6 5-7 .
1 . 4.5-7 .

: (: - RP)
Cleome chelidonii L. f.
1 . 2-5 .
3 5 7
3-6 .
2.5-4 . 3-4 . 1.2-1.5 .
0.5-1 .
3-4 .
: 3 2 (: - PT)

,
Cleome L.
Cleomaceae

Cleome viscosa L.
3-7 Arivela viscosa (L.) Raf.

1 .
4 4 6 1-6 . 3-5 1.5-4.5 .
3 1-2.5 .
5-10 . 1-1.4 . 3 .
0.5-1 . 0.7-1.2 .
4-9 .
5-10 .
Cleome Capparaceae 20
5
Flora of China
5 Arivela, Cleoserrata, Cleome, Gynandropsis Tarenaya (Linoleic acid)
(androgynophore)
(gynophore) Cleome
Neothorelia kleio Cleome hassleriana Chodat
Tarenaya hassleriana (Chodat) Iltis
1-1.5 .
5-15 . 5-7
Cleome gynandra L. 4-15 . 5 . 30-40 .
Gynandropsis gynandra (L.) Briq. 5 . 0.5-3 .
30-150 . 3-8 . 7 .
3-5 2.5-5 . 3 . 1 .
3 0.5-2.5 . 5-20 . 6 3-5 .
1-2 . 6 . 1 . 1 . 6 .
7 . 5 . 6 .
6 0.8-2.3 . 1-2 . C. speciosa
1-3 . Raf.
1-1.4 . 4-9.5 . 1.5 .

Chayamarit, K. (1991). Capparaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(3): 262-266.
Zhang, M. and G.C. Tucker. (2008). Cleomaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 7:
429-432.
284

Hydrocotyle siamica Craib

5-11 .
5-7
7-9 5-20 . 5-17 .
: 3 (: - RP) 5-8 . 1 .
2.5 . 1.5 .

1000-2000 H. hookerii (C. B. Clarke)
Craib

Hydrocotyle javanica J. P. Ponten ex Thunb.
Hydrocotyle nepalensis Hook., H. polycephala Wight & Arn.
: 6 (: - RP); :
5 7 (: - SSu) 3-9 . 5-7

7-9 17 .
2 .
2 . 1 .
1.5-1.8 . 1-1.3 .

2000

Hydrocotyle pseudoconferta Masam.
30 .
: 3-5 (:
; : - RP)
5-7 1-2.5 .
2-10 .

0.5 . 1-1.2 . 1.5-2 .

1200

Hedge, I.C. and J.M. Lamond. (1992). Umbelliferae. In Flora of Thailand Vol.
: (: cultivated; 5(4): 443-447.
- PK, - PT) Menglan, S., M.F. Watson and J.F.M. Cannon. (2005). Apiaceae. In Flora of
China Vol. 14: 14-15.
,
Hydrocotyle L.
Apiaceae

5 5
2 1 2
2 5
Hydrocotyle 100
4 H. pseudoconferta Masam.
H. chiangdaoensis Murata
H. umbellata L.
hydor kotyle : 5-7 2
(: - RP)
285

,
Phyllanthus L.
Phyllanthaceae

: (: , : ; - RP)

2-6
2-6 3-6
3
2 3 2 2
3
2 2
Phyllanthus Euphorbiaceae
: (: - RP; : - PK) Phyllanthaceae Actephila, Breynia, Bridelia,
Cleistanthus Glochidion 700
36 phyllon
anthos

Phyllanthus elegans Wall. ex Mll. Arg.
: (: cultivated - RP) 3 .
6-14 .
2-4 . 3 . 4
Lasia spinosa (L.) Thwaites 2-2.5 . 4 4
2-4.5 . 6
Araceae 3-3.5 .
Dracontium spinosum L.
3 0.5 .
1-2 . 6 3 .
18-75 . 6-7 .
1 . 45 .
25-55 .
4-5 . 7 . 600
4
1 Chantaranothai, P. (2007). Euphorbiaceae (Phyllanthus). In Flora of Thailand
1.5 . Vol. 8(2): 473-507.

1500

Lasia Lour. Lasioideae 2 L. concinna

Alderw. lasios

Boyce, P.C. (2012). Araceae (Lasia). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 11(2): 249-250.
Gupta, A.K. (2013). Lasia spinosa. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
2013: e.T168997A6560395. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.
RLTS.T168997A6560395.en
: 4
6 (: - PK)

Breynia hirsuta (Beille) Welzen & Pruesapan
Phyllanthaceae
Sauropus hirsutus Beille
2 . 2-4 .
: (: cultivated - RP) 1.5-7.5 .
286

3 . Melientha suavis Pierre
3-4 . 0.5-1 .
3 . 7 . 3 2.5 . Opiliaceae
6 . 3 3-4.5 . 12 .
1 . 1.5 . 6-16 . 1-2 .
6-8 . 5 . ( , ) 15 .
3-5
700 4-5
1.5 . 4-5
1-1.5 .
1 .
Breynia androgyna (L.) Chakrab. & N. P. Balakr.
Clutia androgyna L., Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merr. 2.3-3 . 3-5 .
1-4 . 2-3 . 2-9 .
2-3 .
0.5-1.8 . 900
0.5-1.3 . 0.5-1 . Urobotrya siamensis Hiepko
3 . 1.4 . 2-4 .
2.5-5.5 . 1.2 . Melientha Pierre subsp. macrocarpa Hiepko
1-1.5 . meli anthos
7-8 . ( , )

600 Hiepko, P. (1987). Opiliaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(1): 95-96.

van Welzen, P.C. (2007). Euphorbiaceae (Sauropus). In Flora of Thailand Vol.
8(2): 527-529, 537-539.
: (: - PT)

Senna hirsuta (L.) H. S. Irwin & Barneby
Fabaceae
Cassia hirsuta L.
: 6 3
2 (: - PK) 2.5 .

0.5-1.5 . 4-5 7-10 .
5-6 . 5-9 .

4-5 . 1-2 . 5-6 . 3
7-9 . 1.5-2.8 .
2
5-7 . 7-8 . 4 4
6-13 .
3 . ( , )

: 6 Larsen, K., S.S. Larsen and J.E. Vidal. (1984). Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae
(: cultivated - RP) (Cassia hirsuta). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(1): 113.
287

Maingaya Oliv.
Hamamelidaceae 6
Alexander Carroll Maingay (1836-1869)

Chamchumroon, V., M. Poopath and J. Sae Wai. (2015). Maingaya malayana,
a new genus and species record for Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin
(Botany) 43: 1-3.
: 2
(: - RP)
Argyreia capitiformis (Poir.) Ooststr.

Convolvulaceae
Convolvulus capitiformis Poir.

8-18 .
6-30 .
1.5-2.5 .
3 1.5-1.7 . 1-1.2 .
4.5-5.5 .
1.5 .
3 . : 15 5
(: - VC)
8 . 4
7 . ( , )
Caesalpinia sappan L.
1400 Fabaceae
10 .
Staples, G. and P. Traiperm. (2010). Convolvulaceae (Argyreia). In Flora of 8-18
Thailand Vol. 10(3): 341-343.
15-40 . 6-20 1-2 .
15-30 .
6 . 1.8 . 1.5-2 .

1.2 .
7-12 . 2-4
1.8 . ( , )

sappan wood

sepang
:
(: - RP)
. (2515).
10 2515
80-81.
Maingaya malayana Oliv. Larsen, K., S.S. Larsen and J.E. Vidal. (1984). Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae. In
Hamamelidaceae Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(1): 65.
Wee, Y.C. and H. Keng. (1990). An illustrated dictionary of Chinese medicinal
25 . herbs. Times Edition Pte Ltd., Time Centre, Singapore.
7-25 .
1.2-2.5 .
1 . 15
5 0.8-1.2 . 5
5
10
2 1 2
4
1-1.5 .
:
900 (: - PT)
288

,
Lumnitzera Willd.
Combretaceae

2
5 5 5-10
1 (pseudocarp)

Lumnitzera 2
2

2 : 2
(: - NP; : - RP)

Stephan Lumnitzer (1750-1806)
Davallia solida (G. Forst.) Sw.
Davalliaceae
Trichomanes solidum G. Forst.
Lumnitzera racemosa Willd.
0.6-1.2 .
10 . 3 15-90 . 20-40 .
3.5-7 .
3-4 2-6 . 10-35 .
1 . 9 . 1-2 .
4.5-5 . 2-3 .
5 10 4-5 . 4 .
1-2 . 2-3
1 . ( , )

300

Lumnitzera littorea (Jack) Voigt Lindsay, S. and D.J. Middleton. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and
Pyrrhanthus littoreus Jack, Bruguiera littorea (Jack) Steud. Cambodia. http://rbg-web2.rbge.org.uk/thaiferns/
25 .
2-8 .
4-5 3-5 .
2 . 1.2-1.8 .
1-1.5 . 5-6 .
7 1 .
1 . 1.5-2 .
5 .

Chen, J. and N.J. Turland. (2007). Combretaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 13:
309-310.
: 3
(: - PC)

Clinacanthus nutans (Burm. f.) Lindau
Acanthaceae
Justicia nutans Burm. f., Clinacanthus siamensis Bremek.
1 .
5-11 .
: (: - RP) 2 .
289

1.5 . 8 . 5
0.8-1.3 .
3-4 .
1-2 . 3 3-5 .
2 1-2 . 2
1-1.5 .
4-5 . 3-3.5 . 2
2 . 4

Clinacanthus Nees 2 C. spirei
Benoist kline akantha :
(: cultivated - RP; : - PK)

Hu, J.Q. and T.F. Daniel. (2011). Acanthaceae (Clinacanthus). In Flora of China

Vol. 19: 442. Grangea maderaspatana (L.) Poir.
Asteraceae
Artemisia maderaspatana L.
50 .
2-5 3.5-10 .

0.8-1 .
2-3 4-8 .

2-6 1 .
1.5 . 4-5
4-5
2
1000
:
Grangea Adans. Astereae 9
Grange
Dacrycarpus imbricatus (Blume) de Laub.

Podocarpaceae Chen, Y. and L. Brouillet. (2011). Asteraceae. In Flora of China Vol. 20-21: 552.
Podocarpus imbricatus Blume, Dacrycarpus imbricatus (Blume) de
Laub. var. patulus de Laub.
40 .
0.8-1.5 .
1 .
(microsporophylls) 2-4 .
(megasporophylls)
3-4 . 5-6 . : 2-5
(: - PK)

Podocarpus neriifolius D. Don
700-1500 Podocarpaceae
Dacrycarpus (Endl.) de Laub. 9 25-30 .
var. robustus de Laub. 7-20 .
var. curvulus (Miq.) de Laub. 2-3
dakryon 2.5-5 .
carpos 1-2 .
2
1-1.5 .
de Laubenfels, D.J. (1988). Coniferales. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 10: 360-371.
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2(2): 201. 600-1500
290

Podocarpus LHr. ex Pers. 100

3
Clerodendrum paniculatum L.
P. pilgeri Foxw. 1.5-2.5 .
- P. polystachyus R. Br. ex Endl. Lamiaceae
3-5 1-2 .
2 Nageia N. wallichiana (C. Presl) Kuntze 3-7 10-30 .
N. motleyi (Parl.) de Laub. pous 15 .
karpos 50 .
1-5 . 1 .
5 . 1.-1.5 .
de Laubenfels, D.J. (1988). Coniferales. In Flora Malesiana Vol. 10: 395-409. 0.7-1.4 . 3-4
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5-9 . ( , )

800

C. intermedium Cham. C. japonicum
(Thunb.) Sweet

Clerodendrum smitinandii Moldenke
8-15 . 4-18 .

1.5-3 . 4-6 .
1-1.5 . 0.4-1 .
: (: - RP) 4-8 . 1 .
4-5 .
1 . 2.5-3 .
Diospyros rubra Lecomte 4 (
Ebenaceae , )
5-7 .
6-16 . 600-1500
0.5-1 .
4 Chen, S.L. and M.G. Gilbert. (1994). Verbenaceae (Clerodendrum). In Flora of
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1300

Li, B., A.J.M. Leeuwenberg and D.J. Middleton. (1995). Apocynaceae. In Flora
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________. (2004). A revision of Kopsia (Apocynaceae: Rauvolfioideae). Harvard
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,
Kopsia Blume
Apocynaceae

5
5
: K. fruticosa
2

Kopsia 23
4 K. macrophylla Hook. f.

Jan Kops (1765-1849) : K. rosea (: cultivated - RP)
Kopsia fruticosa (Roxb.) A. DC.

Cerbera fruticosa Roxb.
6 .
5-22 .
0.5-1.2 . 5-10 . 2-5 .
1.5-2.5 .
2.5-3.5 .
1-3.3 .
2-2.5 . 2-3.2 .
1.7 .

K. rosea D. J. Middleton :
(: , : cultivated; - RP)
Kopsia arborea Blume

Hibiscus mutabilis L.
15 .
30 . Malvaceae
0.3-1 . 4-15 . 2-5 .
5 .
2-6 . 2-3.5 . 5-8 .
10-15 . 5-7 5-11
0.7-2 . 1.2-1.7 . 20 .
2-2.5 . 5-8 . 8
1.5-4 . 1-1.6 . 2.5-3 .
306

5
4-5 . 2.5-3 . Tabernaemontana macrocarpa Jack
2.5 . 5
( , ) Apocynaceae
15 . 7-40 .
forma plenus S. Y. Hu Hibiscus 1-4 . 7-20 .
H. moscheutos Luna Blush H. moscheutos 3-6 .
Luna Red 1-2 .
1.5-3 .
2.5 . 2-4.5 .
12: 291. 8-16 .
1.2-1.6 . ( , )

600

:
(: cultivated - RP)
: H. moscheutos Luna Red (: cultivated - RP) H. moscheutos

Luna Blush (: cultivated - RP)
Dombeya burgessiae Gerrard ex Harv. : (: - RP)

Malvaceae
4 .
,
1-1.5 . 3-5 20 . Holarrhena R. Br.
5-9 15 . Apocynaceae

3 . 1 . 5 5
1-2 . 5 1.5-2.5 . 5 5

5
1-1.5 . 2

Holarrhena 4 2
Dombeya Cav. Sterculiaceae H. pubescens Wall. ex G. Don
Dombeyoideae 225 holos arrhen
Joseph Dombey (1742-1794)

Holarrhena curtisii King & Gamble
2.5 .
4.2-11.5 .
1-4 .
2.5-5.5 . 0.5-1 . 1-1.5 .
0.8-2 .
1-2.3 .
: 1.2-2 . 25 .
(: cultivated - RP) 2.5-4 .
307

300

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:
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Kopsia pauciflora Hook. f.

Apocynaceae
10 .
5-25 .
1 . 3.5-14 . :
1-3 . (: ; - MP, - RP)
3 . ,
2.5-4.5 .
1.1-3.3 . 2-3 . Tabernaemontana L.
1-2 . 3-4 . Apocynaceae
1.4-1.7 .
3-5 . ( , ) 5
5
var. mitrephora (Sleesen) 5
D. J. Middleton 2

Tabernaemontana 100 9
Kopsia angustipetala Kerr
2-5 . 3-15 . T. pachysiphon Stapf
1-7 . T. cerifera Pancher & Sebert
2.5-12 . 1-2 . Tabernaemontana White Moon
3-5 . Jacobus Theodorus
1.3-2.5 . 0.7-1.5 . (1525-1590) Tabernaemontanus
1-2 .
1 . 1-1.3 .
1.2-2 . ( Tabernaemontana pandacaqui Lam.
, ) 10 .
3-14 .
0.3-2 . 4-10 .
100-300 1.5-3 .
1-2.3 .

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308

Gardeniopsis longifolia Miq.
850
Rubiaceae
3 . 0.5-3 .

15-30 . 0.5-1.5 .
5 2 .

0.5-1 . 5 1-2 . 5
2

1-1.5 . 10 2

200-500
Gardeniopsis Miq. Cinchonoideae
Gardenia

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: (: - RP)
Wrightia antidysenterica (L.) R. Br.

Apocynaceae Brunfelsia americana L.
Nerium antidysentericum L., Walidda antidysenterica (L.) Pichon) Solanaceae
5 . 2-5 . 2 . 3 . 4-10 .
1.5-2 . 3-6 2 . 5-6 .
2 . 1.5-1.8 . 1 .
3 6-8 . 6 .
2-3 5 . 2.5-5 .
4 2
2 . 6-8 . 1.2-2 .
2.3 . ( , )
Brunfelsia L. 40
B. grandiflora D. Don B. pauciflora (Cham. &
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Huber, H. (1983). Apocynaceae (Walidda antidysenterica). In A revision handbook Otto Brunfels (1488-1534)
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309

Rothmannia thailandica Tirveng.

Rubiaceae
9-12 .
1 .
2-3
5.5 .
2.5 .
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(: cultivated - RP)
2.5 .
4 . ( , )
Calliandra haematocephala Hassk.

400 Fabaceae
5 . 0.5-1 . 2
2 10 . 5-10
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7 . 5

10 . 8

Calliandra Benth. Mimosoideae Ingeae
: 135
(: - PT; : - CP)
4
C. houstoniana (Mill.) Standl. var. calothyrsus (Meissner) Barneby

Canna indica L. calli
Cannaceae andros
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1.5 . 3

1.5 . 4 .
2-3 4-5.5 .
4.5 .
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6 .
3 1.2-2 .

Canna L. 10
Canna
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Ipomoea siamensis Craib

2.7-9.5 .
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1-3 0.8-2 . 5-6
4-7 . 1.4-2 . 3 3 3
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3 2-3
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Hibiscus schizopetalus (Dyer ex Mast.) Hook. f. Epiprinus malayanus Griff.
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Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz
Bignoniaceae
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50-150 . 6-7 .
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5 1.5-5 .
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Onagraceae
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6 2 5 . 3
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1 2-3.5 .
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Balakata baccata (Roxb.) Esser

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1800
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1946
William Buckland (1784-1856)

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3.5 . : 2
2 2 (: - SSi; : - RP)

Asclepias curassavica L.
1200
Apocynaceae
Pteris L. Pteridoideae 250 1 .
27 6-15 .

3.5-6 . 1 .
Lindsay, S. and D.J. Middleton. (2012 onwards). Ferns of Thailand, Laos and 5 5
Tagawa, M. and K. Iwatsuki. (1985). Pteridaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 3(2): 244.
5-10 . 6-7 . 2-4 .

asclepiadin
Asclepias L. Asclepiadoideae 100

A. tuberosa Hello Yellow
Asclepius

: 2
2 (: - PK)
Li, B., M.G. Gilbert and W.D. Stevens. (1995). Asclepiadaceae. In Flora of
China Vol. 15: 203-204.
Hymenocardia punctata Wall. ex Lindl.

Phyllanthaceae
7 .
1-3 . 2.5-8.5 .

0.5-1.2 .
5 2.5 .
1.5 . 4-5
1.5 . : (: - SSi); : (:
1 . 2 cultivated - RP)
321

Paraboea bhumiboliana Triboun & Chuchan 1400-1500
Gesneriaceae

60 . Magnolia insignis Wall.
2.5-6 . Manglietia insignis (Wall.) Blume, M. yunnanensis Hu
3-7 .
1-5 30 .
5 10-26 . 10-22
1.4-1.8 .
2 . 5.5-7 . 4-5 . 1 . 9 3
3 6-7 . 7-9 .
4-5 . 2 1-1.5 1-1.8 .
7-12 .
( , ) 1 . ( , )

200
84 900-1600

Keng, H. (1975). Magnoliaceae (Manglietia garrettii). In Flora of Thailand Vol.
Triboun, P. and D.J. Middleton. (2012). Twenty new species of Paraboea 2(3): 252-253.
(Gesneriaceae) from Thailand. Gardens Bulletin Singapore 64(2): 337-339. Liu, Y., N. Xia, L. Yuhu and H.P. Nooteboom. (2008). Magnoliaceae. In Flora
of China Vol. 7: 55-56.
Nooteboom, H.P. and P. Chalermglin. (2009). The Magnoliaceae of Thailand.
: (: - DM)
: (: - SSi; :
Magnolia garrettii (Craib) V. S. Kumar - RP)
Magnoliaceae
Manglietia garrettii Craib
20 . 18-30 .
15-25 3-5 .
2.5-4 . 9-12
3 6-9 .

1-1.5 . 3 .
4-12 . 0.5-1.5 .
1 . ( : (: - SSi)
, )

1000-1850
Magnolia hookeri (Cubitt & W. W. Sm.) D. C. S. Raju & M. P. Nayar

Manglietia hookeri Cubitt & W. W. Sm.
30 .
8-35 . 16-25
1-5 . 2-3 . 9-12
3 3 6-8 .
1-1.5 .
7-10 . :
( , ) (: - NN)
322

Torenia pierreana Bonati

Linderniaceae
10-60 .
2-4 .
0.2-1 .
:
2-4 1-2.5 . 1-1.2 . (: - RP)
1.4-1.7 . 5
2.5-3 . 0.8-1 . 7-8 .
6-7 . 1-1.8 . 1-1.2 .
( , )

600-1400
Torenia hirsutissima Bonati

:
10-60 . (: - SSi)
1.5-3 .
4-8 . 2-5 .
1.2-1.8 . 5 2.5-3.5 .
1.5 . 1 .

2 . 1 . ( , )

500-1300
Torenia ranongensis T. Yamaz.

70 .
:
2-5 . (: - RP)

1-2.5 . 1.6-1.8 .
5 3.5 .
1.3 . 1 .
4 .
1 . ( , )

1300 T. thailandica T. Yamaz.
1 .
: 5 (:
- MT)
Torenia siamensis T. Yamaz.

60 . 2.5-6.5 . Lysionotus serratus D. Don

2-6 Gesneriaceae
1-3 . 0.7-1.5 . 1.8-2.5 . 1 .
5 3-3.5 . 4-20 .
1.2-1.6 . 1 . 20 .
2 . 3-17 . 0.3-1 .
1.2 . ( , ) 0.3-1 . 5 4-8 .
2.5-4.5 .
4 .
1100 3 0.8-1 . 2
0.7-1 .
1 . 3
Yamazaki, T. (1990). Scrophulariaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(2): 206-214. 3-11 . 1 . 1
323

2000 var.
pterocaulis C. Y. Wu ex W. T. Wang
Lysionotus D. Don 25
lysis notos

:
In Flora of China Vol. 18: 392. 5 (: - RP)

Petrocosmea pubescens D. J. Middleton & Triboun
Gesneriaceae

4-9 .
3-5 8-20 .
1-2 4.5-7.5 .
: 0.7-1.7 . 5 . 2
(: ; - RP, - MB) 3 2 .
4.5 . 6-8.5 .
10-12.5 . 8 .
Burretiodendron esquirolii (H. Lv.) Rehder 4 .
Malvaceae 3 8.5 . (
Pentace esquirolii H. Lv. , )
10-15 .
6-15 . 1300-1400
3 2-3
2-4 2-5 . 1-3 Middleton, D.J. and P. Triboun. (2010). Two new species of Petrocosmea
2 5 (Gesneriaceae) from Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 38: 44-47.
1 . 5 1-1.2 .
5
5
5 5 4-6 .
1 .

Burretiodendron Rehder Tiliaceae
Dombeyoideae 7 : 1-2
B. siamense Kosterm. (: - PK)
B. umbellatum Kosterm. Mansonia gagei J. R. Drumm.
Karl Ewald Maximilian Burret (1883-1964) ,
Tribounia D. J. Middleton

Phengklai, C. (1993). Tiliaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(1): 56-59. Gesneriaceae
Tang, Y., M.G. Gilbert and L.J. Dorr. (2007). Tiliaceae. In Flora of China Vol.
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Zhuge, R. (1990). On the genus Burretiodendron sensu lato (Tiliaceae). Journal
of the Arnold Arboretum 71: 371-380. 5 2
2 1
2
2

Tribounia Didymocarpus
2
2
. Gesneriaceae
324

Tribounia venosa (Barnett) D. J. Middleton Exacum affine Balf. f. ex Regel
Didymocarpus venosus Barnett Gentianaceae
30-40 . 30 . 1.5-3 .
1
3-9.2 . 0.5-1.5 .
5-9 3-10 . 9-17 . 4-9.5 . 1.5-3 . 5-6
1-1.4 . 3.5-4.5 . 3-4 . 2 .
2-2.5 . 1 . 5-6
9 . 7 . 7-8 . 5-6
2.5 .
6 . 2-3 . 3-4 .
1 3
( , )
200
Socotra Samha
18

Tribounia grandiflora D. J. Middleton
50-60 .

Knees, S.G., A. Patzelt and A. Miller. (2013). Exacum affine. The IUCN Red List of
5.5-17 . Threatened Species 2013: e.T44952A21169238. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/
8-15 2.5-11 . 6-16 . IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T44952A21169238.en
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3.3-3.8 . 2.5-3.4 . Socotra. Nordic Journal of Botany 21(3): 243-247.
6-7 .
9 .
5 . 7.5-11 . 7-9.5 .
4.5-5.5 .

100

Middleton, D.J. and M. Mller. (2012). Tribounia, a new genus of Gesneriaceae
from Thailand. Taxon 61(6): 1286-1295.
: 1 5-6
(: cultivated - RP)

Chayamaritia smitinandii (B. L. Burtt) D. J. Middleton
Gesneriaceae
:
(: - RP) Chirita smitinandii B. L. Burtt, Henckelia smitinandii (B. L. Burtt) D. J.
Middleton & Mich. Mller

6-11 . 2.5-4 .
1-2 8-12 .
1 5 . 5
5-7 .
3-5 .
2 6-9 .
2 3 2 2 .

3-4 .

:
(: - RP) 150-1200
325

Chayamaritia D. J. Middleton & Mich. Mller Henckelia

2 C. banksiae D. J. Middleton
.
Damrongia integra (Barnett) D. J. Middleton & Weber
Gesneriaceae
. . Chirita integra Barnett
30 .

Burtt, B.L. (2001). Flora of Thailand: annotated checklist of Gesneriaceae. Thai 7.5-18.5 .
Middleton, D.J., K. Nishii, C. Puglisi, L.L. Forrest and M. Mller. (2015). 10.5 . 3.5-7 . 1-7
Chayamaritia (Gesneriaceae: Didymocarpoideae), a new genus from 1-1.5 . 3 .
southeast Asia. Plant Systematics and Evolution 301: 1947-1966. doi: 1.5 .
10.1007/s00606-015-1213-2
4.5 . 2
3
9 . 1 .
6 . 1.5 .
2 . 2
( , )

700-1000

Barnett, E.C. (1961). Contributions to the Flora of Thailand, LV. Kew Bulletin
15: 249-259.
:
1-2 (: - TP)
Codonoboea crinita (Jack) C. L. Lim

Gesneriaceae
Henckelia crinita (Jack) Spreng.
:
20-50 . 2 (: - RP)

10-21 . 2 ,
18-23 Henckelia Spreng.
2.5-5 .
1 . 2-5 . Gesneriaceae
4.5-5 .
2 5-10 .
( , ) 5
2 3 2
50-300 5
2 (chiritoid stigma)
2 2
Ridley, H.N. (1923). Gesneriaceae. In Flora of the Malay Peninsula Vol. 2: 519-520.
Henckelia Chirita section Chirita
Codonoboea
55
5
Leo Victor Felix Henckel von Donnersmarck (1785-1861)

Henckelia anachoreta (Hance) D. J. Middleton & Mich. Mller
Chirita anachoreta Hance
35 .
20 .
7 . 1-7
8 . 0.5-1.5 .
: 2 0.5-1.8 . 1.4 .
(: - MP) 3-7.5 . 2.5-4 .
326

1.2-1.5 .
1.2 . 2-3 3-5 . 2-3 . Exacum paucisquamum (C. B. Clarke) Klack.
2 3.5-4.5 . 7.5-17 .
Gentianaceae
Cotylanthera paucisquama C. B. Clarke, C. yunnanensis W. W. Sm.

1300 5-15 . 3-6
2-4 .
0.6-1.5 . 4
4-6 . 4
Henckelia pumila (D. Don) A. Dietr. 1-1.4 .
Chirita pumila D. Don 4 3-4 .
45 . 4-6 . 5-8 .
( , )
2-20 .
3.5 . 1-7 7 . 1500-1600
0.5-1.6 . 2 . 0.4-1.2 . Cotylanthera 4
0.4-1.2 . C. caerulea Lace
2.5-4.5 . E. nanum Klack.
0.6-1.5 .
1 . 2 2-4 . 2.5-3 .
2 3 . 12 . Ho, T.N. and J.S. Pringle. (1995). Gentianaceae (Cotylanthera paucisquama).
Ubolcholaket, A. (1987). Gentianaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(1): 78-79.
1200-2000

Weber, A., D.J. Middleton, A. Forrest, R. Kiew, C.L. Lim, A.R. Rafidah, S. Sontag,
P. Triboun, Y.G. Wei, T.L. Yao and M. Mller. (2011). Molecular systematics
and remodelling of Chirita and associated genera (Gesneriaceae). Taxon
60(3): 777-778.
Wood, D. (1974). A revision of Chirita (Gesneriaceae). Note from the Royal
Botany Garden Edinburgh 33(1): 161-166.
: 4
(: - RP)

Codonoboea rugosa (Ridl.) C. L. Lim
Gesneriaceae
Henckelia rugosa (Ridl.) A. Weber
30-60 . 30 .
2

5-10 .
3 . 4.5 .
4-7 .
: ( , )
2 (: , : ; - PK )

100-1400

Ridley, H.N. (1923). Gesneriaceae. In Flora of the Malay Peninsula Vol. 2: 495-547.
: : 2
2 (: - PK) (: , : ; - RP)
327

Petrocosmea bicolor D. J. Middleton & Triboun

Gesneriaceae

2
3 . 13-36 .
8-20 .
8-14 3.5-10 .
0.4-1.3 . 5.5-9.5 . 3 1.5-2 . :
10 (: - RP)
3 3.5-5 .
4.5-5.5 . 6-7 . 3.3-3.7 .
4 . 3 Wikstroemia dolichantha Diels
7-8.5 . ( , )
Thymelaeaceae
Wikstroemia dolichantha Diels var. effusa (Rehder) B. Peterson
1450
1-2 .
1.5-2.5 .
Middleton, D.J. and P. Triboun. (2010). Two new species of Petrocosmea 5 .
(Gesneriaceae) from Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 38: 42-47. 0.7-1 .
4-5 1-2 .
2
1 . 1-2
1 . 3-4 .
5 . 3 .
( , )

900-1000

Peterson, B. (1997). Thymelaeaceae (Wikstroemia dolichantha var. effusa). In
Wang, Y. and M.G. Gilbert. (2007). Thymelaeaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 13: 226.
: 2
2 (: - PK)
Linostoma decandrum (Roxb.) Wall. ex Meisn.

Thymelaeaceae
10 .
3.5-10 .
3-6 . 1.5-4 . :
3-12 2-4 4-5 (: ; - PK, -RP)
2-4.5 .
1 . 1 . ,
0.5-1.3 . 5 6-9 . Mitrephora Hook. f. & Thomson
10 6 . 10 Annonaceae
4-9 .
1 .
0.8-1.2 . 3
6 2

1100
(protogynous)

Linostoma Wall. ex Endl. 4
3 linon Mitrephora 50
stoma
8 mitra
Peterson, B. (1997). Thymelaeaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(3): 234-238. phoreo
328

Abrus Faboideae Abreae

17 3 A. fruticulosus Wight & Arn.
Mitrephora winitii Craib
8-10 . habros

6-20 .

12-20 3-5 . Abrus precatorius L.
1-1.5 . 5-8 .
1 . 4 . 3-5 . 8-16 0.5-2 .
1.5 . 10-16 0.5-2 .
2-2.5 . 1 . 2-8 . 0.5-1 .
1 .
100-150 2-4 .
2-6 5 .
700
Mitrephora sirikitiae Weeras., Chalermglin & R. M. K. Saunders
6 . 6-22 .

8-11 0.5-1 .
1-3 1.8-2.7 . 5-7 . Abrus pulchellus Wall. ex Thwaites
1.3-1.5 . 5-7 . 4-7
4-5.5 . 2-3 . 3.2-4.5 .
10-15 5-6 . 1.5-2.5 .
1-1.5 . 4-9 .
1000-1100 1.2-1.3 .

Craib, W.G. (1922). Contributions to the Flora of Siam. Bulletin of Miscellaneous 4-8 . 4-12
Weerasooriya, A.D., P. Chalermglin & R.M.K. Saunders. (2004). Mitrephora
sirikitiae (Annonaceae): a remarkable new species endemic to northern
Thailand. Nordic Journal of Botany 24(2): 201-206.
subsp. cantoniensis (Hance) Verdc. subsp.
mollis (Hance) Verdc.

Bao, B. and M. Gilbert. (2010). Fabaceae (Abrus). In Flora of China Vol. 10: 194.
Verdcourt, B. (1979). A manual of New Guinea legumes. Botany Bulletin 11:
515-529.
: 6 2 (:
- RP; : - PK)
: 8-16
: (: - KJ) (: , : ; - RP)
,
Abrus Adans.
Fabaceae
1

9
(vexillary stamen) : 4-7
2 (: - RM)
329

Brian Houghton Hodgson (1800-1894)

Sophora prazeri Prain
Fabaceae
3 . Thailand Vol. 9(4): 454-458.
7-11 . 3-7
3-5 .

5-20 . 3-6 .
8-9 . 5
1.5 .

10
4-10 . 2-4
8 .

Sophora L. Faboideae Sophoreae
70 5 : 5 (
: , : cultivated, ; - RP)
sufayra Linnaeus S. alopecuroides L.
,
Bao, B. and M.A. Vincent. (2010). Fabaceae (Sophora). In Flora of China Vol. Canarium L.
10: 85, 92.
Burseraceae

3
3 6

3 2 3
3

Canarium 100
:
(: - RP) 12
kanari kenari Canarium

Hodgsonia heteroclita (Roxb.) Hook. f. & Thomson subsp.
indochinensis W. J. de Wilde & Duyfjes Canarium subulatum Guillaumin
Cucurbitaceae 30 .
30 . 2-3 0.5-1.5 . 2-5
3-5 4-18 .
4-8 . 5 . 1-2 . 3-4 .
15-35 . 10-20 2-6 .
0.5-1 . 7-12 . 1-2 . 1-2 . 3-5 . 0.7-1.2 .
5 2-4 . 5 3-5 .
15 . 3 3-4.5 .
3 3-5 . 2-2.5 .
5 2
3 6 1-3 1400
15-20 . 6 3-7 .

800-1200 Canarium littorale Blume
subsp. heteroclita 6-12 30 .
Hodgsonia Hook. f. & Thomson 2 1.5 .
H. macrocarpa (Blume) Cogn. 3 2-5 6-12 .
3-6 .
330

3-3.5 .
1 . 8-9 .
4-6.5 .

300 Canarium
:
(: - SSi)
Elaeocarpus hygrophilus Kurz
Elaeocarpaceae
12 . 5-12 .

0.5-2 . 2-10 .
2-7 . 5-7 .
5-8 .
5 3
3-4 .
0.7-1 . ( , )

: (: - RP;
: - SR; : - PK)

Phengklai, C. (1981). Elaeocarpaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(4): 435.
: (: - RP)
:
(: cultivated - RP)
Schrebera swietenioides Roxb.
Oleaceae ,
15 . 2-3 Abutilon Mill.
7-15 . Malvaceae
0.5-1.5 . 4 .
6-15 . 1-5 .
2-3 . 0.8-1.1 .
6-7 4-6 . 5 5
2 2
4 0.5-1 . 5-20 2-9
5-6 . 3-3.5 .
3-4 .
Abutilon Malvoideae 100
6 aubutilan
900

Schrebera Roxb. 8 Abutilon indicum (L.) Sweet
Sida indica L.
Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber (1739-1810)
0.5-3 .
1-2 .
Green, P.S. (2000). Oleaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(2): 298-299. 3-9 .
331

2-4 . 4 . ,
7 . Diospyros L.
7-8 .
15-20 1.5-2 . Ebenaceae
15-20

subsp. guineense 3-7
(Schumach.) Borss. Waalk. 4
0.5-1 .
2-16 1-2 2-8
2
12: 278.
van Borssum Waalkes, J. (1996). Malesian Malvaceae revised. Blumea 14: 170. Diospyros 500
70 dios pyros
diospyron

Diospyros mollis Griff.
10-30 .
: 4-8 .
(: - RP) 10-15 0.5-1 . 1-2 .
4 6-8 . 4
1 . 14-24
Spondias bipinnata Airy Shaw & Forman 8
Anacardiaceae 8-10 2 .
25 . 2 2-5 .
3-5 3-5
2-8.5 . 500

4-6 .
4 1 . 4 Diospyros dumetorum W. W. Sm.
4 . 10
10 5 5 15 . 1-6 .
4-4.5 . 3-5
2-3 . 4 1-3 .
300 4 3-5 .
3 . 14-18
Spondias L. 25 7-9
5 spodias 1 .
1-2 .

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1300-1800

Li, S., M.G. Gilbert and F. White. (1996). Ebenaceae. In Flora of China Vol.
15: 222.
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: 2 :
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332

1500

Vol. 8(2): 488-490.
Li, B. and M.G. Gilbert. (2008). Euphorbiaceae (Phyllanthus). In Flora of China
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: (: - RP)
Cathormion umbellatum (Vahl) Kosterm.

Fabaceae
Mimosa umbellata Vahl
: (:
4-5 . 2 - PT; : - PK)
4-7 .
2-4 3-6 . 5-13
1-1.5 . Cephalotaxus mannii Hook. f.

3 . 5 Taxaceae
7 . 5 2 . Cephalotaxus griffithii Hook. f.
4-5 . 30 .
20 . 2
1-1.2 . 1.5-5 .
12-14
100 subsp. 6-8
moniliforme (DC.) Brummitt 4 . 1-8
0.6-1 .
2
Cathormion Hassk. Mimosoideae 2.5 .
Albizia

cathormion
1000-1800

Nielsen, I.C. (1985). Leguminosae-Mimosoideae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(2): Cephalotaxus Siebold & Zucc. ex Endl.
200-202. 12
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Taxaceae Taxaceae

kephale Taxus Taxus

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: 2
(: - RP)
Phyllanthus emblica L.
Phyllanthaceae
20 .
2 . 0.2-0.8 .

1.5-3 . 6 1.2-2 .
6 3

1-1.5 . 2 :
2-3 . 4-6 . ( , ) (: - MP; : - PK)
333

1.5-2.5 .
Phyllanthus sootepensis Craib 0.3-1 . 3-4 .
0.7-1.5 . 4 3-4 .
Phyllanthaceae 5-8 . 10
3 . 2-5 . 5 . 2-5 .
1.2-1.8 .
4-6 0.5-1 .
0.4-1 . 4
1.2-2 . 4 400 Saraca indica L.
4
2.5 .
6 1.6-3.8 . Larsen, K., S.S. Larsen and J.E. Vidal. (1984). Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae.
6 2 In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(1): 48-49.
2.5-3 . 1.5 . (
, )

1300

Vol. 8(2): 503.
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: 10 (: cultivated - PK)

: 4
Ostodes paniculata Blume
4 6 (: - PK) Euphorbiaceae
, 15 .
10-24 .
Cynometra L. 3.5-20 . 2
Fabaceae 8-13 .
1-3 5
4-5 4-5 . 6-7 .
5 1
10 15 1-2 5-6 5-8 .
1 . 3 1
3 2-3 . 2
Cynometra Caesalpinioideae Detarieae 3 2.5-3.5 . 1-1.5 .
Maniltoa 80-90

4 1 400-1500
C. cauliflora L.
cyno metro Ostodes Blume var. katharinae (Pax) Chakrab. &
N. P. Balakr.
var. paniculata

Cynometra ramiflora L.

30 . 1-2 3-5 . Phattarahirankanok, K. and K. Chayamarit. (2007). Euphorbiaceae (Ostodes).
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334

Afzelia xylocarpa (Kurz) Craib
Fabaceae
Pahudia xylocarpa Kurz
30 .

3-5 5-9 . 3-5 .
5-15 . 6-9 .
0.7-1 .
4 1-1.2 .
1.2-2 .
7 2-3 .
: 3
(: - TP; : - RP) 3 2-2.5 .
15-20 .
2.5-3 .
Sindora siamensis Teijsm. ex Miq.
Fabaceae 600
Sindora cochinchinensis Baill.
15 . Afzelia Sm. Caesalpinioideae Detarieae 13
2-4 . 3-4 6-15 .
Adam Afzelius (1750-1873)
5 . 10-25 .
3-6 .
2-4 . 4 1 3 Larsen, K., S.S. Larsen and J.E. Vidal. (1984). Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae.
7 .
10 9 2
1.5-2 . 7
4.5-10 .
5-7 . 1-3
1.5-2 .

300
var. maritima (Pierre) K. Larsen & S. S. Larsen

Sindora Miq. Caesalpinioideae Detarieae
20
1 3 2
S. coriacea (Baker) Prain S. echinocalyx Prain : 4
sindor 7 (: - PK; : - PK)

In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(1): 98-102. Gardneria ovata Wall.
Loganiaceae
5 .
3-16 .
1-1.5 .
3-12 . 2-4 . 2 4
1.5-2 .
4
4-5 .
4 3-4 .
2 1
2 0.8-1 . 1-2

:
(var. maritima) (: , : , : ; - RP) 200-2000
335

Gardneria Wall. 7
Edward Gardner
William Hooker Nathaniel Wallich
Ficus deltoidea Jack
George Gardner (1812-1849) Moraceae
3-5 .

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2 2
0.5-3 .
1-1.5 .
1 . 1.5 .
3 1-2 . (
, )

1000

: 4
Mas Cotek
(: - PK) Ficus subsp. motleyana (Miq.) C. C.
Berg subsp. deltoidea var. angustifolia
(Miq.) Corner
Gelsemium elegans (Gardner & Champ.) Benth. var. kunstleri (King) Corner
Gelsemiaceae
Medicia elegans Gardner & Champ. Berg, C.C., N. Pattharahirantricin and B. Chantarasuwan. (2011). Moraceae. In
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12 . 5
1.2-2 .
5
4 . 2
0.8-1.2 . 2 2 2
1.5 . 8-10 4-5 .

600-1500

Gelsemium Juss. Loganiaceae 3
gelsomino

: var. kunstleri (: cultivated - RP); :
var. angustifolia (: cultivated - RP)
Griffin, O. and J. Parnell. (1997). Loganiaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 6(3):
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Siphonodon celastrineus Griff.
Celastraceae
30 .
6.5-20 .
0.5-1.5 .
0.3-1 . 5
1-2 . 5 2.5-3.5 .
5 1 .

3-5 .
8 .
:
(: - RP; : - PK) 1000
336

Siphonodon Griff. 7
siphon odous 7-15 1-9 .

1-2 . 1-7 . 3
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1700 Urostigma

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Ficus thailandica C. C. Berg & S. Gardner

Moraceae
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2.5-7 . - SG)
1 .
1-2 1-3 . 3
1 . 1.5 . ( , )

150 Ficus
Ficus hirta Vahl

5 . : figs
0.5-2 . (: - PK; : - RP)
3-7 5-25 .
5-8
1.5-12 .

1-2 .
3 2-3 . 2-3.5 .
2 . ( , )

1300
Ficus : figs
(: - RP)

Celastrus paniculatus Willd.
Ficus orthoneura H. Lv. & Vaniot Celastraceae
10 .
10 . 6-15 .
7-24 .
337

0.5-2 . A. hippocastanum L. Horse-chestnut

20 . 1.5-3.5 . oak
5 1 . 5
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3 0.5-1 . 3
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1300

Celastrus L. 30
5
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Mallotus nudiflorus (L.) Kulju & Welzen
Euphorbiaceae
Trewia nudiflora L.
30 . 6-20 .
2-5
1-2 3-7
1-3 30 .
10 . 3
0.4-1 . 3
3-6 . 3-5
5 . 3-5 1
: 3 (: - PK) 3-5 1.2-2.4 . 3.5-4.5 .
0.8-1.2 . ( , )

Aesculus assamica Griff. 1200
Sapindaceae
15-30 .
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70 . 1.5-8 . (Euphorbiaceae s.s.). Blumea 52: 115-136.
3-7 . 4-8 . 4
4
2-2.5 .
5-7 2-4 . 3 2

2.5-3 . 2-4 .
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100-1300
Aesculus L. Hippocastanaceae
Hippocastanoideae Acer 12 : (:
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338

Diospyros apiculata Hiern Parinari anamensis Hance
Ebenaceae Chrysobalanaceae
7 . 30 . 1 .
6-15 .
10-15 . 0.8-1 .
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4-5 2-2.5 . 5
5 . 0.8-1 . 1.5 . 8-10
6-12 2
4
2 1.5-2 . 3-4 .

1 . ( 1400
, )
Parinari Aubl. Rosaceae Chrysobalanus,
700 Parastemon Maranthes ( Rosaceae) 45

Diospyros ranongensis Phengklai

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7-11 0.5-1 .

5.5-7 .
1 . 10-14
3-4 . ( , )

600
:
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Oxalidaceae
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3-6 . 8 . 5
5 5-6 .
10 5
5 5 3-5 5
: (:
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,
Baccaurea Lour.
Phyllanthaceae

3
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: 5-6
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2-4 2 2-4
2
Baccaurea Euphorbiaceae Anti-
desmatoideae 50
13 baca
bacca aureus

Baccaurea ramiflora Lour.
: 5
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4-9 1-6 .
8-15 . 10 .
Protium serratum (Wall. ex Colebr.) Engl. 3-4.5 . 1-2.5 .
Burseraceae 1-2.5 .
Bursera serrata Wall. ex Colebr. 5-8 0.5 .
2-2.8 .
30 . 1-1.5 .

2-4
5-7 . 3-15 .
1700
4 . 15 .
1-2 . 5
5 2-3 . 10
Baccaurea parviflora (Mll. Arg.) Mll. Arg.
3-5 Pierardia parviflora Mll. Arg.
5 1-2.5 .
1-3 0.5-1 . 15 .
5-23 . 5-10
0.5-5.5 .
1500 30 .
6 . 0.5-3 .
Protium Burm. f. 85 5-7
2 . 1.5 . 2
1-1.5 . 1.5-3 . 4-6
1-1.5 .
Peng, H. and M. Thulin. (2008). Burseraceae. In Flora of China Vol. 11: 106.
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Baccaurea racemosa (Reinw. ex Blume) Mll. Arg.
Coccomelia racemosa Reinw. ex Blume
20 . 5-22 .
4-10 1.2-7.5 .
1-5 10 .
30 .
7 . 1-6 .
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: - SSi)
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340

1 . 0.3 . 1.5-2.5 . 3 25 .
1 . 3-4 .
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Petra Hoffm.

Antidesma Burm. ex L. Euphorbiaceae
Antidesmatoideae 150
18
anti desma

Hoffman, P. (2007). Euphorbiaceae (Antidesma). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 8(2): 51-81.
: (: cultivated - PPh)
: (: cultivated - PK)

Phyllanthus acidus (L.) Skeels
Phyllanthaceae
Averrhoa acida L.
10 . 2.5-10 .
2-6
: (: - MP; : - TT)
0.5-3 .
2-5 . 1-2 . 4
4
4-6 4-6 4
5 . 1-2 6-8
3-4 1-6 . 6-8 1.5-2.7 .
5-8 . ( , )

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Antidesma bunius (L.) Spreng.

Phyllanthaceae
Stilago bunius L.
30 .

4-6 .
10-18 .
1 .
341

Cyclocodon celebicus (Blume) D. Y. Hong Phyllanthus ridleyanus Airy Shaw
Campanulaceae 6-17 .
Campanumoea celebica Blume, Codonopsis celebica (Blume) Miq., 3-4 .
1.5 . 10 2-3
3.5-9 . 5-6 . 1 . 6
4-5 . 1.5 . 5 .
3 3
1-6 . 5 3-4 . 5-6 . 6 3
1-1.2 . 0.2 .
5 5 . 5 0.1 . 3
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2 .
1-1.5 .

1000 P. lingulatus Beille
() 6
550-1700
Cyclocodon Griff. ex Hook. f. & Thomson 4
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: (:
; - MP, - SSi)
:
3 (: - RP)

: Ailanthus triphysa (Dennst.) Alston
(: - SSi)
Simaroubaceae
Adenanthera triphysa Dennst.
Phyllanthus pulchroides Beille 45 . 6-30
Phyllanthaceae 5-26 .
5-7 .
1 . 20-60 .
12-26 . 2-4 . 5
2-6
5-7 . 4 5
1-2.5 . 4 3-5 . 10
4 1-2.5 . 5 3-6 . 3
3 . 3
5 0.5 . 2 . 3
2-3 . 2-3.5 . 4.5-8 .
( , )

1000
1100-1500
342

Ailanthus Desf. 10

Momordica charantia L. forma abbreviata (Ser.) W.J. de Wilde &

Duyfjes
Cucurbitaceae
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4 . 5-9
2.5-10 .
1.5-5 .
0.5-1.5 .
0.5-5 . 2-6 . 2-4 .
4-6 . 1-2 .
10 .
2-11 .
8-10 3 3.5-15 .
0.8-1.5 . ( , )
: 3 (:
, : ; - SSi)

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Vernicia montana Lour.
Euphorbiaceae
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1-2 4.5-23 .
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10-25 . 0.7-1.2 .
3-12 . 3-6 . 2-3
1-1.5 .
1.5-3.5 . 6-8 . 8-14
5-6 3-5 3
0.5-1 . 2 4-6 . 3-5
2-3 .
:
(: - RP)

1200
Moringa oleifera Lam.
Vernicia Lour. Crotonoideae 3 Moringaceae
V. fordii (Hemsl.) Airy Shaw 30 . 3 60 .
4-6 1-2 .
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30 .

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3
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50 . 0.8-1.5 .
0.5-1 .

Moringa Adans. 13

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3-5 (: - PT)

343

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5 . 1
1 . 1-2 . 2-5 .
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0.9-1.7 .

100-250
: 3 4 (: cultivated - RP)

, Jasminum dispermum Wall. subsp. forrestianum (Kobuski) P. S. Green
Jasminum L. 3
Oleaceae 7-13 . 3-6.5 .
1-2 . 2
3-4
3-7 . 2 .
5-9 5 0.6-0.8 . 0.7-1 .
2 5 5 . 5-6 .
2 2 4 . 8 .
2

1900-2500 subsp.
Jasminum 200 dispermum 3-7
32
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Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton

Nyctanthes sambac L.
3 .
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1-5
4-8 . 0.3-2 . 8-9 5-7 . : 8-9
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16 5-9 .
1 .

Arabian jasmine

:
7-8 (: - SSi ); : 1-2
Jasminum decussatum Wall. & G. Don 6-8 (: - NP)

5-11 .
0.6-1.6 . 3-4

1 . 3 . 1-1.5 .
1-2 . 0.4-1 . 7-8
7-9 1 .

700 : 3 5
(: - SSi)
344

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15 .

1-3 . 2-3 1-5 .
1-3 1-4 .
1.5-3 . 4
1.5-3 . 2-3 . 4
8 . 3-4 .
4
2 1 2 :
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100-1200 ,
Lepisanthes Blume
Geophila D. Don 30 Sapindaceae
gea
philos

Chen, T. and C.M. Taylor. (2011). Rubiaceae (Geophila). In Flora of China Vol. 4-5 2
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4 lepis
anthos

Lepisanthes rubiginosa (Roxb.) Leenh.
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15 .

Streptoechites chinensis (Merr.) D. J. Middleton & Livsh. 2-6 30 .
Apocynaceae 50 . 1-2.5 .
2-5 .
Epigynum chinense Merr., Sindechites chinensis (Merr.) Markgr. & Tsiang
1.5-5 . 3 3
2.4-7.7 . 0.8-1.3 .
1 .
3-4 2-3.5 .
2.5-5 . 0.8-2.5 . 5-8 . 5
1.5-2 .

0.9-1.5 . 5
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2 2 5-7 .
9-17 .
1.5 . 2.5-3.5 .

500
Streptoechites D. J. Middleton & Livsh. Sindechites

Echites (strepto) : 3 (: - MP)
345

Rhus chinensis Mill.
Anacardiaceae
Rhus javanica L. var. chinensis (Mill.) T. Yamaz.
10 .

5-15 .
3-6
3.5-12 .
10-18
30-40 .
1 . 5
5 2 . : 2-3
5 (: - RP)
3 4-5 .

Schima wallichii (DC.) Korth.
Theaceae
900-1300 Gordonia wallichii DC.
35 .
4.5-18 .
Rhus L. 250 5 0.5-3.5 .
rhous rhodo rhodos 2-4 . 2
5 3 .
5 1.5-2 .
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5 1.5-4 .
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2500
2

Schima Reinw. ex Blume Gordonieae
20
:
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Keng, H. (1972). Theaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(2): 144-145.
Melastoma sanguineum Sims Min, T. and B. Bartholomew. (2007). Theaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 12: 422.
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8-20 .
2-3 0.8-2 . 1-3
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2-4.5 .
1.2-1.5 . 1.6-1.8 . 1 .
1.5-2.5 .
:
( , ) (: - SSi)

,
1500 M. malabathricum Oxyspora DC.
L. Melastomataceae

Renner, S.S., G. Clausing, N. Cellinese and K. Meyer. (2001). Melastomataceae. 1-3
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346

8
2 Dioscorea bulbifera L.

Dioscoreaceae
25 .
Oxyspora 50 10-20 .
7 oxys sporos 5-7 . 5-11
5-12 . (bulbils)
2-6
4-10 . 1-2
Oxyspora balansae (Cogn.) J. F. Maxwell 6 2
Allomorphia balansae Cogn. 1.5-2.8 . 6
2.5 . 3 3
1-3 . 2 3 3
8-16 . 3 2.5-5 . 3-5 .
1-2 1-1.5 .
1.5-3.5 . 8-12 .
1-2 .
4-6 . 3-4 . 3 . 1400
5-7 . 8 D. hispida Dennst.

700-1500 Dioscorea L. 450-600 42
D. hispida Dennst. D. esculenta (Lour.)
Burkill
Oxyspora curtisii King D. alata L.
1 Pedianos Dioscorides
1-2 .
10-25 .
2 1-4 . 7 . Wilkin, P. and C. Thapyai. (2009). Dioscoreaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol.
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1.5 . 5-8 .
3.5 . 5-7 .
6-8 . 8

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347

900
Neuropeltis Wall. 12 2
3 neuron peltis

Fang, Ruizheng and G. Staples. (1995). Convolvulaceae. In Flora of China Vol.
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: 3
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Torenia flava Buch.-Ham. ex Benth.

Linderniaceae
10-40 .

1.5-4.5 .
1.5 .
3-7 .
5-7 . 5-9 . 5
0.8-1 . 5 . :
3 (: , : ; - TU)
0.8-1 . ( , )

Petraeovitex wolfei J. Sinclair
600 Lamiaceae
3
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(1998). Scrophulariaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 18: 38. 6-17 . 1-2
Yamazaki, T. (1990). Scrophulariaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 5(2): 207-208. 1-3 .
1.5-3.5 . 5 .
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6-12 . 1-3 .
4-10 .
3 . 5 1.5-2 .
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3 5 . 2
2 2.5-2.8 . 1.5 . 2
2.3 . 2
: 8 . 1-2
(: - PK)

Neuropeltis racemosa Wall. Nongnoochs Vine Wolfs Vine
Convolvulaceae P. bambusetorum King & Gamble

6-12 . Petraeovitex Oliv. 8
1-1.5 . Petrea
3-4.5 . 5 Vitex
2-2.5 . 5 .

5 5 Munir, A.A. (1965-1966). A revision of Petraeovitex (Verbenaceae). Gardens
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348

Schefflera hypoleucoides Harms
15 . 1 .
65 . 5-9
3-7 14-30 .
12 .
22-35 . 1-2 .
7-17 . 2 . 25
: 15-40 5-8 .
(: cultivated - RP)
1.5 . 5 2.5 .
, 5 2 .
4-5 .
Schefflera J. R. Forst. & G. Forst.
Araliaceae

1400-2500

5 Schefflera poomae Esser & Jebb
5-11
5-10 5 . 1-1.3 .
5-10 4-20 . 6-10 16-20 .

Schefflera 1000 2.5-5 . 8-9
20 30-50 . 15-25 1-3 .
Schefflera 1 . 9-15 2-6 .
Jakop Christoph Scheffler 6 3 .
(1698-1745) 1 . 6
4-6 .

Schefflera elliptica (Blume) Harms 850-1000 .
Sciodaphyllum ellipticum Blume
3 . 5-6 . 5-7
4-18 . 8-17 . 1.5-7 . Schefflera bengalensis Gamble
9 . 8 .
0.8-1.5 . 5-18 . 5-13 1 . 13-26 . 5-9
0.5-2.5 . 1 . 7-16 9-20 .
2-5 . 5 1.5-2.5 . 1.5-6.5 . 10-20 .
3 . 5 5 1 . 4-16 8-25 .
3.5-5 . 15-32 2-8 . 5-10 1-2 .
1 . 5
1100 1.5-2 . 5
3.5-5 .

850-1500
Schefflera petelotii Merr.

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Xiang, Q. and P.P. Lowry. (2007). Araliaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 13: 454,
1.5-2 . 5-6 10-23 . 458-459.
12-26 .
1.5-7 . 3-6 .
6-19 . 7-18 0.5-2 . 10-25
4-6 1-3 . 5
1.5 . 5 7-8 .

1300 : 5-7 5 (: - PK)
349

Ravenia spectabilis (Lindl.) Planch. ex Griseb.
Rutaceae
Lemonia spectabilis Lindl.
2 . 3
0.5-2.5 . 2-6.5 .

1-3 6-8 . 1 .
5 1.2-1.5 . 3
0.8-1.5 . 5
1-2 . 5
2 3
: (: - RP) 5 2
5 5
3 .

Ravenia Vell. 8
J.F. Ravin

Wilson, P. (1911). Rutaceae. In North American Flora Vol. 25(3): 177-178.
: 3-7 (: - SSi)
: 3 3
(: cultivated - RP)

Hunteria zeylanica (Retz.) Gardner ex Thwaites
Apocynaceae
Cameraria zeylanica Retz.
: 6-10 6 (: - PK ) 20 .
4-18 .
14-30 0.6-1.5 .
1.5-5.7 . 5
1-2 . 5
6-9 .
2-5 . 5
2
5-6 .
1.5-3.5 . 2 1-1.5 .

700
: 5-9 (: - PK )

350

Hunteria Roxb. 12
William Hunter (1755-1812)
Euphorbia bifida Hook. & Arn.
Euphorbiaceae
70 .

1.2-2.3 .
1
8-10 1-2 .
5-10 2-4 .
1 . 4
2-3 2 .
1.4 . ( , )

850

Esser, H.-J. (2005). Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbia). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 8(1): 269.
:
(: - SSi)
Munronia humilis (Blanco) Harms

Meliaceae
Plagianthus humilis Blanco
40 . 20 .

3-8 .
0.5-1.5 .
1-1.5 .
5
5 . 3-4 . 5 1 . : 1
2-3 (: - RP)

10
5 2
5-7 . 5 5 1 . Pyrenaria diospyricarpa Kurz
Theaceae
Pyrenaria garrettiana Craib

5-20 .
500 8-20 .
0.5-1.2 . 2-4
Munronia Wight 5 2 2 1-2 .
M. pinnata (Wall.) W. Theob. 1-4 2.5-4.5 . 5
5-6
Sir William Munro (1818-1880)
5 2 5
4.5 . 5
Peng, H. and B. Bartholomew. (2008). Meliaceae (Munronia). In Flora of China 2 .
Vol. 11: 118.

100-2350
var. camelliiflora (Kurz) S. X. Yang

Pyrenaria Blume 26
2 P. jonquieriana Pierre ex Laness.
3
pyren

: (: Keng, H. (1972). Theaceae (Pyrenaria). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(2): 150.
- SSi); : 1-4 (: - RP) Min, T. and B. Bartholomew. (2007). Theaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 12: 366-478.
351

0.6-1.5 .
3
1.5-2.5 . 1 3 1-1.5 .

800-2000
var. confusa (Craib) T. L. Ming C. oleifera C. Abel
var. confusa (Craib) Sealy 3 var.
kissii
Camellia L. 120
6 C. sinensis (L.) Kuntze var. assamica (J. W. Mast.)
Kitam. 1-3
Georg Joseph Kamel (1661-1706)
: 5 (:
- SSi); : (: - MP)
Keng, H. (1972). Theaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(2): 147-148.
Min, T. and B. Bartholomew. (2007). Theaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 12: 441-442.
Polyspora axillaris (Roxb. ex Ker Gawl.) Sweet ex G. Don
Theaceae
Camellia axillaris Roxb. ex Ker Gawl., Gordonia axillaris (Roxb. ex
Ker Gawl.) D. Dietr.
20 .
12-18 .
1-1.5 .
2-3 . 6-7 5
1-1.5 . 5
3.5-5.5 .
1.5-3 . 2 .
1.5-2 .
5 3-8 .
1.5-2 . :
(: , :
; - SSi)
1200-1300
Polyspora Sweet ex G. Don 40
polys sporos

Bartholomew, B. and T. Min. (2005). New combination in Chinese Polyspora
(Theaceae). Novon 15(2): 264-266.
Keng, H. (1972). Theaceae (Gordonia). In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(2): 143-144.
Min, T. and B. Bartholomew. (2007). Theaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 12: 418. : 1-3 (: cultivated - PT)
,
Gnetum L.
Gnetaceae

(strobilus)
: 5

(: - PK) 1 (collar)

2
Camellia kissii Wall.
Theaceae
10 . Gnetum 40
5-13 . 8
4-8 .
G. gnemon L. var. tenerum Markgr.
7-9 2-8 .
5-8 0.8-3 . gnemon
352

Gnetum montanum Markgr.

10 . 10-25 .
1-1.5 . 2.5-6 .
2-3 . 13-18
2-3 . 2-3 .
5-8 1.2-1.5 .
2-3 .
:
(: - RP)
1800
Gnetum cuspidatum Blume

10-21 .
0.7-1.5 .
10
15 .
5-7 2-3 .
:
(: - SSi; : - RP)
700
,
Wrightia R. Br.
Gnetum macrostachyum Hook. f. Apocynaceae
13-16 .
1 .
5 . 5
10
9 .
10 (antepetalous)
2 . (alternipetalous)
2 (alternate corona lobes)
100-900 5

2
Fu, L., Y.F. Yu and M.G. Gilbert. (1999). In Flora of China Vol. 4: 102, 104.
Phengklai, C. (1975). Gnetaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 2(3): 204-210.

Wrightia 24
15
W. antidysenterica (L.) R. Br.
William Wright (1735-1819)

Wrightia pubescens R. Br.
: (: - VC) 30 . 3-12 .
3-8 . 4-7.5 . 0.4-1 .
1-5 . 3-7 .
0.8-2.7 . 2

2 7-9 .
0.8-1 .
10-38 . 1-1.6 . 1-4 .

400
: 5-7 W. arborea (Dennst.) Mabb.
(: - SSi)
353

Wrightia karaketii D. J. Middleton
10 . 9-21 .
1 . 0.8-2.3 .
5 . 3.7-5.5 .
2 . 1.7-2 .
4.5 .
1.2-1.5 . 6 .
30-40 . :
1.7 . 3 . (: - RP)

-
750 W. lanceolata Kerr W. siamensis Kamettia chandeei D. J. Middleton
D. J. Middleton Apocynaceae
12 .
3
5.5-10.5 . 0.6-1 .
3.5-14 . 2-4 .
Wrightia lanceolata Kerr 3-4 . 5 2.5 .
5 . 3-10 .
3-5 . 2-4 . 3-7 . 1.2-1.6 . 5 1.2-1.8 .
1-3 . 3-6 . 5 .
1-1.7 . 3-4 . 2.5 . 1-3.5 .
7-9 . 20 .
5-6 . 1.5 .
10-15 . 1 . 2 .
400-750
300 D. J.
Middleton

Middleton, D.J. (1999). Apocynaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 42-43, 79-90.
________. (2010). Three new species of Wrightia (Apocynaceae: Apocynoideae) from Middleton, D.J., S. Suddee and S. Lindsay. (2005). A new species of Kamettia
Thailand. Gardens Bulletin Singapore 61(2): 369-378. (Apocynaceae: Rauvolfioideae), a new genus to Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin
(Botany) 33: 75-80.
:
(: ; - DM, - RP)

: 2 Wrightia dubia (Sims) Spreng.
2 (: - PK; : - RP)
Apocynaceae
Cameraria dubia Sims
2 . 3.5-25 .
0.2-1 . 2.5-4 .
4-6 . 1-3 .
0.5-1.5 . 1-2.5 .
2 1.5-4 .

5-6 . 3-5 .
: 13-30 .
(: : - RP, - PK) 1.5-2.5 . 2.5-5.5 .
354

5 .
5.5 .
400 1.3-1.5 .
13.5 .

Wrightia poomae D. J. Middleton 700 ..
10 . 2.3-12 .
()
2-5 . 0.4-1 . 2.5-7 .
5.8-6.5 . 4.2-4.5 .
2.7 .
2 . 3 Wrightia arborea (Dennst.) Mabb.
6.5 . Periploca arborea Dennst.
5 . 2 1.7 . 20 . 3-18 . 2-7 .
7 . 2-7 . 0.5-1 . 1-3 .
1.5 . 13-15 . 3-7 .
1.5 . 3-3.5 . 0.8-1.5 . 2

700-900 W. pubescens
R. Br. 2 W. kwangtungensis Tsiang 5-6 . 6-8 .
3 10-34 .
. 1.5-1.7 . 5-6 .

200-1500
Wrightia religiosa Benth. ex Kurz
5 . 2-8 . 1-4 .
1.5-5 . 0.8-3 . 1-3 .
2-4 . Wrightia sirikitiae D. J. Middleton & Santisuk
0.5-1 . 10 . 3-10 .
4 . 6-8 . 0.4-1 . 3-5 . 0.5-1.5 .
30 . 2 . 3.5-4 . 1.5-2 .
1.4-2 . 1.4-2.5 . 3
100 1-1.2 .

2-6 .
1 .
2 .
Wrightia lecomtei Pit. 1-1.5 . 8-15 . 1.5 .
5 . 2.5-15 . 3 .
2-5 . 3-7 . 10
1-1.6 . 1.5-2 .
5-6 . 100
1-1.5 .
1 . 6 .
8.5 .
Wrightia siamensis D. J. Middleton

Wrightia spp. 1-3 . 2.5-12 .
2.5-6 . 2-3 . 3-5 3-7 .
3 .
4-5 . 1.4-1.5 .
3
4 . 2.7-3 . 2
Wrightia tokiae D. J. Middleton 1
15 . 5.3-21 . 0.5 . 1 .
4-6 . 0.6-1.1 . 3-5 . 8.5 .
3.5-4.2 . 13-15 .
2.5 .
1.3 . 100
355

Wrightia viridiflora Kerr

5 . 3-15 .
2-6 . 1-4 . 0.5-1.5 .
1-2 .
4-8 . 3
2.3-4.4 . 2 1.5-3 .
0.8-1.5 .
0.6-1 . 3-3.3 . : 1 .
16-20 . 2.5 . (: cultivated - RP)
2 .

100-800
W. laevis Hook. f.

: Wrigthia sp. (: cultivated - RP); : Wrightia sp. (: cultivated - RP)

Middleton, D.J. (1999). Apocynaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 42-43, 79-90.
________. (2007). A new species of Wrightia (Apocynaceae: Apocynoideae) from
________. (2010). Three new species of Wrightia (Apocynaceae: Apocynoideae)
from Thailand. Gardens Bulletin Singapore 61(2): 369-378.
Middleton, D.J. and T. Santisuk. (2001). A new species of Wrightia (Apocynaceae:
Apocynoideae) from Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 29: 1-10.
:
(: - PK)
: 2
(: - PK; : cultivated - RP)
: 2 (:
cultivated - PK; : - RP)
:
3 (: - PK)
: 3
356

Reevesia pubescens Mast. var. siamensis (Craib) J. Anthony
Malvaceae
15 .
6-20 .
5-6.5 .
10-15 .
8-10 . 5-8 .
: 3 1 5 5
(: - PK)
1-2.5 . 15 5
1.2-3.5 .
5 2
5 2.5-5 .
2.5 .

1300 var.
pubescens

Reevesia Lindl. Sterculiaceae
Helicteroideae 25
John Reeves (1774-1856)
: 3 (: - PK);
: (: - SG)
Vol. 12: 313, 317.
Holarrhena pubescens Wall. ex G. Don
Apocynaceae
Holarrhena antidysenterica (L.) Wall. ex A. DC.
15 .
4.5-30 .
2-4 .
4-10 . 1-4 .
2-4 .
0.8-1.4 . 1-2 .
1.5 . 1.8-2.5 . :
18-34 . (: - PK; : - SSi)
2.3-4.5 . ( , )
,
1100 Mimosa L.
Fabaceae

Middleton, D.J. (1999). Apocynaceae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 7(1): 75. 2

4 4 4-8

Mimosa 480
3 mimos

Mimosa pudica L.
1 .

: (: - RP) 2.5-5 . 2 1.5-7 .
357

12-25 0.5-1 . 2.5-4 .

2 . 0.5-0.8 . Sarcotheca laxa (Ridl.) R. Knuth
4 1.5-1.8 .
Oxalidaceae
Connaropsis laxa Ridl., Sarcotheca glabra (Ridl.) R. Knuth
var. hispida Brenan var. unijuga (Duchass. & Walp.)
Griseb. 15 .
5-23 . 0.5-2.5 .
30 .
0.5-1 .
Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright ex Sauvalle 1-2 . 5 4-7 .
Mimosa invisa Mart. ex Colla 5 5
1 . 1-2.5 . 2-3.5 .
0.5-1 . 1-1.7 . 5
6-11 . 3-5 . 5 0.5 . 2-3 .
4-7 1-4.5 . 12-21 2-7 . 0.6-1.3 . 1-3 5-9 .
0.5-6 . 2 . 1 .
8 1.5-3.5 . varities

Sarcotheca Blume 11
sarkos theke

Mimosa pigra L.
Veldkamp, J.F. (1967). A revision of Sarcotheca Bl. and Dapania Korth.
4 . (Oxalidaceae). Blumea 15: 533.

11-17 . 0.8-2.8 .
10-14 3.5-4.5 . 45
5-9 . 2 .
3 . 1.2 .
8
6 .

Nielsen, I.C. (1985). Leguminosae-Mimosoideae. In Flora of Thailand Vol. 4(2): :
151-155. (: - MT)

Toona ciliata M. Roem.
Meliaceae
40 .
8-15 5-20 . 7-16 .
0.5-1.5 .
: (: - RP) 50 . 0.5-1 . 5
5 4-5 .
3-5 . 5
1.5-3 .
5 8 1.5-3 .
5 2-4 .
1.5-2 .

: (: - RP)

1300

Toona (Endl.) M. Roem. 5
3 toon tunna

: (: - RP) Peng, H. and J.M. Edmonds. (2008). Meliaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 11: 114.
358

Morinda citrifolia L.
10 . 0.5-1.5 .
10-25 .
5-7 0.5-3.5 . 1-1.5 .
0.5-1 . 1-3
0.5-1.5 . 0.8-1.5 .
5-6 2-6 .
: 0.8-1 . 2.5-5 .
(: - SSi; : - OK)

Chukrasia tabularis A. Juss.
Meliaceae
noni juice
30 .
10-15
4-10 .
4-15 . Morinda pandurifolia Kuntze
0.5-1 . 20 .
4-5 . 5 2 .
5 1-1.5 . 3-15 .
5-6 . 10 0.5-3 .
3-5 1 .
3-5 4-4.5 . 1-1.8 . 4-6
3 . 1 . 0.5-1.5 . 3-5 . 0.8-1 .
1.5-2 .

1600

Chukrasia A. Juss. var. oblonga
chikrassee (Pit.) Craib var. tenuifolia Craib

Peng, H. and D.J. Mabberley. (2008). Meliaceae. In Flora of China Vol. 11: 117.
Morinda coreia Buch.-Ham.
15 . 0.8-1 . 15-25 .

7-12 1-3.5 .
2-6 . 1.2-1.8 .
5-6 1-1.5 . 1.2-1.5 .
1.5-1.8 . 3 .
:
(: - OK; : - SSi)

,
Morinda L. 1300 M. tomentosa B. Heyne ex Roth.
Rubiaceae M. pubescens Sm. 3
M. pubescens Sm.

Morinda nana Craib
3-7 3-7 1-3 .
1-3 .
2 2 4 0.3-1 . 5-8 .
2 2 5-6 4-5 .
2-4 1 . 1-1.5 .
Morinda 40
10 morus indicus 100-200
Indian mulberry
359

Morinda umbellata L.
2-6 .
2 1 . 6-9 .

4-6 . 1-1.5 . 3-11
0.4-1.2 . : (: - RP)
1 . 6-12
2 . 4-5 3 .
0.7-1.2 . Leucomeris decora Kurz
4-5 . Asteraceae
10 .
6-26 .
1400 1.5-4 .
6-15
1.4-1.7 . 6-8
1.5-4 . 6 .
Chen, T. and C.M. Taylor. (2011). Rubiaceae (Morinda). In Flora of China Vol.
19: 220, 223, 229. 1.3-1.5 . 5-7
Das, S.C. and M.A. Rahman. (2011). Taxonomic revision of the genus Morinda 1.7-1.8 . 5 0.7-1 .
L. (Rubiaceae) in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Jornal of Botany 40(2): 113-120. 5
Kesonbua, W. and P. Chantaranothai. (2013). The genus Morinda (Rubiaceae) 3 . 2
in Thailand. ScienceAsia 39: 331-339. 0.8-1.2 .
1 .

600-1800
Leucomeris D. Don Gochnatioideae 2

leukos

: 2 Gao, T. and D.J. Nicholas Hind. (2011). Asteraceae (Leucomeris). In Flora of
(: cultivated - RP)
China Vol. 20-21: 10.
: (: - RP)
:
(: - MT)
,
Dipterocarpus C. F. Gaertn.
: (: , : ; - RP)
Dipterocarpaceae
30-40 .

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Carex Cariceae 2000

Carex speciosa Kunth

Actinoscirpus grossus (L. f.) Goetgh. & D. A. Simpson

: H. malayana (: - RP); : H. thailandica

Pegia Colebr. Spondioideae 2

Vitex siamica F. N. Williams

Pegia nitida Colebr.

Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf.

Aristolochia helix Phuph.

Cananga odorata (Lam.) Hook. f. & Thomson

Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don

Leucaena Benth. Mimosoideae 50

Vachellia harmandiana (Pierre) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger

Crypteronia paniculata Blume

Biophytum adiantoides Wight ex Edgew. & Hook. f.

Anisoptera costata Korth.

Anisoptera laevis Ridl.

Cyrtandra wallichii (C. B. Clarke) B. L. Burtt

Ensete superbum (Roxb.) Cheesman

Uvaria lurida Hook. f. & Thomson :

Acer calcaratum Gagnep.

Acer pseudowilsonii Y. S. Chen

Lithocarpus falconeri (Kurz) Rehder

Lithocarpus reinwardtii (Korth.) A. Camus

Lithocarpus orbicarpus Strijk

Trigonobalanus Forman Formanodendron

Picrasma javanica Blume

Trigonobalanus doichangensis (A. Camus) Forman

Lithocarpus macphailii (M. R. Hend.) Barnett

Castanopsis piriformis Hickel & A. Camus

Leea thorelii Gagnep. Passiflora 400

Strobocalyx (Blume ex DC.) Spach

Torenia cordifolia Roxb.

Acronychia J. R. Forst. & G. Forst. 48

Limnophila geoffrayi Bonati

Afgekia filipes (Dunn) R. Geesink

Afgekia sericea Craib

Cassia bakeriana Craib

Balanophora latisepala (Tiegh.) Lecomte

Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Voigt

Breynia repens Welzen & Pruesapan

Notothixos malayanus Oliv.

Lepidaria kingii (Scort. ex King) Danser

Phyllagathis hispida King : 3 (:

Etlingera maingayi (Baker) R. M. Sm.

Etlingera venusta (Ridl.) R. M. Sm.

Byttneria pilosa Roxb.

Pyrrosia piloselloides (L.) M. G. Price

Cyathea Sm. 500

Cyathea latebrosa (Wall. ex Hook.) Copel.

Davallia repens (L. f.) Kuhn

Selliguea Drynariaceae 110-115

Selliguea oxyloba (Wall. ex Kunze) Fraser-Jenk.

Selliguea hirsuta (Tagawa & K. Iwats.) S. Linds.

Epirixanthes elongata Blume

Sterculia monosperma Vent.

1-3 1-3 2.5-4 . 8 . 5-16 .

Codonoboea pumila (Ridl.) C. L. Lim

Codonoboea kolokensis (B. L. Burtt) D. J. Middleton

(Cocoa Butter) : 1-2

: E. novogranatense 1 (: cultivated - RP)

pileus pilleus pilos