LUPINUS

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Lupinus semiprostratus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus semiprostratus C.P. Sm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 500; Smith, C. P., 1941: 244; Smith, C. P., 1948: 594.
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean III: shrublands. 3500-4000 m.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality.
Voucher: Balls 6735* (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Lupinus semperflorens Hartw. ex Benth.
Lupinus semperflorens Hartw. ex Benth.
Lupinus semperflorens Hartw. ex Benth. var.semperflorens
Lupinus semperflorens Hartw. ex Benth. var. semperflorens
Reference: Smith, C. P., 1940: 158; Smith, C. P., 1953: 768.

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5055 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Piura.
Lupinus semperflorens var.peruensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus semperflorens var. peruensis C.P. Sm.
Reference: Smith, C. P., 1953: 768.

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Ochoa s.n.* (DS)
Departments: Piura.
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Lupinus sericeolodix C.P. Sm.
Lupinus sericeolodix C.P. Sm.
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500-4000 m.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. . Treated as a synonym of L.
cymboides in the Flora of Peru.
Voucher: Ledig 19* (US)
Departments: Junín.
Lupinus soukupianus C. P. Smith ex J. F. Macbr.
Lupinus soukupianus C. P. Smith ex J. F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. .
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. : "Salsacuna" -- altitude and
other details not available.
Voucher: Soukup 1938* (US)
Departments: Lima.
Lupinus staffordiae C.P. Sm.
Lupinus staffordiae C.P. Sm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 501; Smith, C. P., 1940: 168; Smith, C. P., 1941: 290;
Smith, C. P., 1948: 597.
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Stafford S.T.11* (K)
Departments: Cuzco.
Lupinus storkianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus storkianus C.P. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: shrublands. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Stork & Horton 10201* (UC)
Departments: Cajamarca.
Lupinus subacaulis Griseb.
Lupinus subacaulis Griseb.
Synonyms: Lupinus subacaulis C.P. Sm.

Reference: Planchuelo, A. M. & D. B. Dunn, 1980: 390.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Werdermann 1167* (GH)
Departments: Tacna.
Lupinus subtomentosus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus subtomentosus C.P. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 3606* (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Lupinus subumbellatus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus subumbellatus C.P. Sm. = Lupinus gilbertianus C.P. Sm.
Reference: FP 21: 481.
Lupinus sufferrugineus Rusby
Lupinus sufferrugineus Rusby
Foster, R. C., 1958: 98.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, shrublands. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Williams 2518* (NY)
Departments: Puno.
Lupinus surcoensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus surcoensis C.P. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Ochoa 1161* (DS)
Departments: Lima.
Lupinus syriggedes C.P. Sm.
Lupinus syriggedes C.P. Sm.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 21653* (DS)
Departments: Lima.
Lupinus tarapacensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus tarapacensis C.P. Sm.
Smith, C. P., 1948: 607.
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 9253 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Junín, Lima, Puno, Tacna.
Lupinus tarmaensis C.P. Sm.

Lupinus tarmaensis C.P. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-2500 m.
Lupinus tayacajensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus tayacajensis C.P. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, shrublands. 1500-2500 m.
Departments: Huancavelica.
Lupinus tetracercophorus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus tetracercophorus C.P. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 6636* (DS)
Departments: Apurímac.
Lupinus tomentosus DC.
Lupinus tomentosus DC.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes,
shrublands. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Lagasca 66* (G photo F!), Núñez & Vargas 9225 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, Puno.
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Lupinus toratensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus toratensis C.P. Sm.
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7467* (US)
Departments: Moquegua.
Lupinus ulbrichianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ulbrichianus C.P. Sm.
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 870* (B), Ferreyra 16801 (USM!)
Departments: Puno.
Lupinus urcoensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus urcoensis C.P. Sm.

Departments: Cuzco.
Lupinus urubambensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus urubambensis C.P. Sm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 503; Smith, C. P., 1941: 245, 280; Smith, C. P., 1948:
598.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-2500
m.
Voucher: Balls 6805* (US)
Departments: Cuzco.
Lupinus vargasianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus vargasianus C.P. Sm.

Voucher: Vargas 4130* (DS), Vargas 5102 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Lupinus velillensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus velillensis C.P. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500-4000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Lupinus vilcabambensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus vilcabambensis C.P. Sm.

Departments: Cuzco.
Lupinus visoensis J.F. Macbr.

Lupinus visoensis J.F. Macbr.
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 596* (F)
Departments: Lima.
Lupinus volubilis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus volubilis C.P. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000-
3500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Lupinus weberbaueri Ulbr.
Lupinus weberbaueri Ulbr.
Lupinus weberbaueri Ulbr. var.weberbaueri
Lupinus weberbaueri Ulbr. var. weberbaueri
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean III: grasslands. 3500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3264* (B photo F!), Duncan 2721 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Junín, Lima, La Libertad.
Lupinus weberbaueri var.ochoanii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus weberbaueri var. ochoanii C.P. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: shrublands. 3500-4000 m.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. . Published as "ochoani."
Lupinus werdermannianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus werdermannianus C.P. Sm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 505; Smith, C. P., 1940: 178.

Note: Not known from Peru.
Lupinus wilkesianus C.P. Sm.
Lupinus wilkesianus C.P. Sm.
Smith, C. P., 1948: 635.
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000-4000
m.
Voucher: Wilkes Exped. s.n.* (US), Pennell 14400 (GH)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Lima.
Lupinus williamlobbii C.P. Sm.
Lupinus williamlobbii C.P. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean III: shrublands. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Lobb s.n.* (K)
Departments: Cuzco.
Lupinus xanthophyllus C.P. Sm.

Lupinus xanthophyllus C.P. Sm.

Voucher: Mexia 4157* (UC)
Departments: Huánuco.
Lupinus yanahuancensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus yanahuancensis C.P. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-3500 m.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. The duplicate of Macbride &
Featherstone 1291 (F) was treated by Smith (1948j) as L. chlorolepis.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1291bis* (UC)
Departments: Pasco.
Lupinus yarushensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus yarushensis C.P. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean III: disturbed areas, submerged. 3500-4000
m.
Departments: Pasco.
Lupinus yaulyensis C.P. Sm.
Lupinus yaulyensis C.P. Sm.
Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3000-3500
m.
Note: Published as "yanlyensis"; corrected in the Flora of Peru where treated as a
synonym of L. fieldii.
Voucher: Weberbauer 351* (B), Weberbauer 2576 (B)
Lupinus ynesiae C.P. Sm.
Lupinus ynesiae C.P. Sm.
Voucher: Mexia 8076* (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Luziola bahiensis (Steud.) Hitchc.
Luziola bahiensis (Steud.) Hitchc.
Synonyms: Luziola bahiensis Steud.

Reference: Swallen, J. R., 1965: 475.
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Encarnación 25489 (USM!)
Departments: Loreto.
Luziola peruviana J.F. Gmel.
Luziola peruviana J.F. Gmel.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 197; Swallen, J. R., 1965: 474.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (K), Ferreyra s.n. (USM)
Departments: Lima.
Luziola subintegra Swallen

Luziola subintegra Swallen

Ecology: Native aquatic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests,
riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Vásquez & Jaramillo 3146 (MO!)
Luzula boliviensis Buchenau
Luzula boliviensis Buchenau = Luzula racemosa Desv.
Reference: FP 1185: 612; Balslev, H., 1982: 199.
Luzula chilensis Nees & Meyen ex Kunth
Luzula chilensis Nees & Meyen ex Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1185: 611; Balslev, H., 1982: 207.
Luzula ecuadoriensis Balslev
Luzula ecuadoriensis Balslev
Reference: Balslev, pers. comm..

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui et al. 12827 (AAU!, MO!)b
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lambayeque.
Luzula excelsa Buchenau
Luzula excelsa Buchenau
Synonyms: Luzula excelsa (Buchenau) Kuntze

Reference: Balslev, H., 1982: 188.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 16790 (USM)
Departments: Puno.
Luzula gigantea Desv.
Luzula gigantea Desv.
Synonyms: Luzula gigantea (Desv.) Kuntze, Luzula gigantea (Desv.) Sheldon

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes.
2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui 12088 (MO!), Luteyn et al. 6448 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Pasco,
Piura, La Libertad, San Martín.
Luzula macusaniensis Steudel ex Buchenau
Luzula macusaniensis Steudel ex Buchenau = Luzula racemosa Desv.
Luzula peruviana Desv.
Luzula peruviana Desv. = Luzula racemosa Desv.
Luzula racemosa Desv.
Luzula racemosa Desv.
Synonyms: Luzula racemosa (Buchenau) Kuntze, Luzula racemosa (Buchenau) Kuntze,

Luzula racemosa (Desv.) Kuntze, Luzula racemosa (Desv.) Kuntze, Luzula racemosa
Buchenau, Luzula racemosa Desv., Luzula racemosa Nees & Meyen ex Kunth, Luzula
racemosa Steudel ex Buchenau
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Smith 8261 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica,
Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.
Luzula vulcanica Liebm.
Luzula vulcanica Liebm.
Reference: Balslev, H., 1982: 193.

Voucher: Macbride 4389 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Lima, Puno.
Luzuriaga radicans Ruiz & Pav.
Luzuriaga radicans Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1187: 630.

Note: Not reconfirmed.
Lycaste acuminata (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Lycaste acuminata (Lindl.) Rchb. f. = Maxillaria acuminata Lindl.
Reference: FP 1473: 676; Dodson, pers. comm..
Lycaste barbifrons Lindl.
Lycaste barbifrons Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 641; Dodson, pers. comm..

Ecology: Native herb. .
Voucher: Hartweg s.n.*
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Lycaste barringtoniae var. grandiflora Hook. f.
Lycaste barringtoniae var. grandiflora Hook. f. = Lycaste ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.)
Lindl. ex Rchb. f.
Lycaste ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl. ex Rchb. f.
Lycaste ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl. ex Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Lycaste ciliata (Lindl.) Lindl., Lycaste ciliata Hook. f., Lycaste
ciliata Lindl., Lycaste ciliata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 642; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 90.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: forests, rocky slopes. 1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 5288 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco.
Lycaste cinnabarina (Lindl.) Rolfe
Lycaste cinnabarina (Lindl.) Rolfe = Lycaste denningiana Rchb. f.
Lycaste cobbiana Hort. ex Veitch
Lycaste cobbiana Hort. ex Veitch = Lycaste fimbriata (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.
Reference: FP 1473: 642; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Lycaste colleyi Planch.
Lycaste colleyi Planch. = Batemannia colleyi Lindl.

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 11.
Lycaste costata (Lindl.) Lindl.
Lycaste costata (Lindl.) Lindl. = Lycaste ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl. ex Rchb. f.
Reference: FP 1473: 642; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 90.
Lycaste denningiana Rchb. f.
Lycaste denningiana Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Lycaste denningiana (Lindl.) Rolfe, Lycaste denningiana Lindl. ex Rolfe

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Croat 58260 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca.
Lycaste dyeriana Sander ex Rolfe
Lycaste dyeriana Sander ex Rolfe

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m.
Departments: Lima.
Lycaste filomenoi Schltr.
Lycaste filomenoi Schltr. = Lycaste macrophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
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Lycaste fimbriata (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.
Lycaste fimbriata (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.
Synonyms: Lycaste fimbriata Hort. ex Veitch, Lycaste fimbriata Poepp. & Endl.
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m.
Lycaste fimbriata var. peruviana (Rolfe) C. Schweinf.
Lycaste fimbriata var. peruviana (Rolfe) C. Schweinf. = Lycaste peruviana Rolfe
Lycaste gigantea Lindl.
Lycaste gigantea Lindl.
Synonyms: Lycaste gigantea Beer

Voucher: Pastorelli illus.
Lycaste grandiflora (Kunth) Beer
Lycaste grandiflora (Kunth) Beer = Maxillaria grandiflora (Kunth) Lindl.
Reference: FP 1473: 700; Carnevali, pers. comm..
Lycaste lanipes Lindl.
Lycaste lanipes Lindl.

Note: Not known from Peru. Known from Ecuador.
Lycaste lata Rolfe
Lycaste lata Rolfe
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Forget s.n.* , Hutchison 3670 (UC)
Departments: Amazonas.
Lycaste linguella Rchb. f.
Lycaste linguella Rchb. f.

Lycaste locusta Rchb. f.
Lycaste locusta Rchb. f.

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3000
m.
Voucher: Davis s.n.* , Metcalf 30778 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Junín.
Lycaste longipetala (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Lycaste longipetala (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Synonyms: Lycaste longipetala (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Lycaste longipetala E. Morren,
Lycaste longipetala Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 56; Garay, L. A., 1962: 524; Dodson, pers. comm..
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA photo MO!), Solomon 3137 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Lycaste longiscapa Mast.
Lycaste longiscapa Mast.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Bennett & Bennett 3635 (MO!)
Lycaste longisepala C. Schweinf.
Lycaste longisepala C. Schweinf. = Lycaste schilleriana Rchb. f.

Note: NN
Lycaste macrophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
Lycaste macrophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
Synonyms: Lycaste macrophylla Lindl., Lycaste macrophylla Poepp. & Endl., Lycaste
macrophylla Schltr.
Ecology. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Schunke 7287 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, San Martín.
Lycaste mathiasiae Kennedy
Lycaste mathiasiae Kennedy
Reference: Kennedy, G. C., 1978: 60.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. .
Voucher: Mathias s.n.* (AMES)
Lycaste mesochlaena Rchb. f.
Lycaste mesochlaena Rchb. f.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Lycaste peruviana Rolfe
Lycaste peruviana Rolfe
Synonyms: Lycaste peruviana (Rolfe) C. Schweinf.

Lycaste plana Lindl.
Lycaste plana Lindl. = Lycaste macrophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
Lycaste reichenbachii Gireoud ex Reichenbach f.
Lycaste reichenbachii Gireoud ex Reichenbach f.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Warscewicz s.n.* , Bennett et al. 3990 (MO)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín.
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Lycaste schilleriana Rchb. f.
Lycaste schilleriana Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Lycaste schilleriana C. Schweinf.

Lycaste trifoliata Lehm. ex Mast.
Lycaste trifoliata Lehm. ex Mast.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Bennett & Calderón 2585 (MO)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín.
Lychnis andicola (Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott) Britton
Lychnis andicola (Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott) Britton = Silene andicola Gillies ex
Hooker & Arnott
Reference: FP 1267: 635; Bocquet, G., 1969: 234.

Note: NN
Lychnis chilensis C. Gay
Lychnis chilensis C. Gay = Silene chilensis (C. Gay) Bocquet

Note: NN
Lychnis thysanodes (Fenzl) Hook. f.

Lychnis thysanodes (Fenzl) Hook. f. = Silene thysanodes Fenzl
Lycianthes actinocalyx (H. Winkler) Bitter
Lycianthes actinocalyx (H. Winkler) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes actinocalyx H. Winkler
Lycianthes acutangula Bitter
Lycianthes acutangula Bitter
Lycianthes acutangula subsp.acutangula
Lycianthes acutangula subsp. acutangula
Synonyms: Lycianthes acutangula acutangula (Bitter) J.F. Macbr., Lycianthes

acutangula acutangula (Bitter) Morton, Lycianthes acutangula acutangula Bitter,
Lycianthes acutangula acutangula Griseb.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Lycianthes acutangula subsp.compressibaccata Bitter
Lycianthes acutangula subsp. compressibaccata Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes acutangula compressibaccata Bitter

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Lycianthes acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Bitter
Lycianthes acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes acutifolia Bitter, Lycianthes acutifolia Bitter, Lycianthes

acutifolia Bitter, Lycianthes acutifolia Bitter, Lycianthes acutifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Smith & Canne 5823 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.
Lycianthes alopecoclada Bitter
Lycianthes alopecoclada Bitter = Lycianthes acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Bitter
Lycianthes amatitlanensis (Coulter & J. D. Smith) Bitter
Lycianthes amatitlanensis (Coulter & J. D. Smith) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes amatitlanensis (Rusby) Bitter, Lycianthes amatitlanensis

Coulter & J. D. Smith
Reference: Nee, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: cloud forests, terra firme forests. 0-
1000 m.
Voucher: Plowman et al. 11248 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, San Martín.
Lycianthes asarifolia (Kunth & Bouche) Bitter
Lycianthes asarifolia (Kunth & Bouche) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes asarifolia Kunth & Bouche

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Núñez et al. 10562 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios.
Lycianthes biformifolia (R. & P.) Bitter
Lycianthes biformifolia (R. & P.) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes biformifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Lycianthes brachyloba (van Heurck & Muell. Arg.) Bitter
Lycianthes brachyloba (van Heurck & Muell. Arg.) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes brachyloba Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.

Lycianthes candicans (Dunal) Hassl.
Lycianthes candicans (Dunal) Hassl. = Lycianthes lycioides (L.) Hassl.
Lycianthes chrysothrix Bitter
Lycianthes chrysothrix Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes chrysothrix (Bitter) Morton

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Lycianthes chrysothrix subsp. dolichopoda Bitter
Lycianthes chrysothrix subsp. dolichopoda Bitter = Lycianthes acutifolia (Ruiz &

Pav.) Bitter
Lycianthes coffeifolia Bitter
Lycianthes coffeifolia Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes coffeifolia (Bitter) Morton

Lycianthes cutacensis (Kunth) J.F. Macbr.
Lycianthes cutacensis (Kunth) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Lycianthes cutacensis Kunth

Lycianthes cyathocalyx (Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.) Bitter
Lycianthes cyathocalyx (Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes cyathocalyx Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.

Lycianthes densistrigosa (Bitter) Bitter

Lycianthes densistrigosa (Bitter) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes densistrigosa Bitter

Voucher: Díaz & Osores 2549 (MO!)
Lycianthes fasciculata (Rusby) Bitter
Lycianthes fasciculata (Rusby) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes fasciculata Rusby
Lycianthes glandulosa (R. & P.) Bitter
Lycianthes glandulosa (R. & P.) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes glandulosa Dunal, Lycianthes glandulosa Ruiz & Pav.

Lycianthes guianensis (Dunal) Bitter
Lycianthes guianensis (Dunal) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes guianensis Dunal
Lycianthes heterochondra (Bitter) Bitter
Lycianthes heterochondra (Bitter) Bitter

Synonyms: Lycianthes heterochondra Bitter
Lycianthes holocalyx Bitter
Lycianthes holocalyx Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes holocalyx (Bitter) Morton

Lycianthes inaequilatera (Rusby) Bitter
Lycianthes inaequilatera (Rusby) Bitter = Lycianthes amatitlanensis (Coulter & J.

D. Smith) Bitter
Reference: Nee, pers. comm..
Lycianthes jelskii (Zahlbr.) Bitter
Lycianthes jelskii (Zahlbr.) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes jelskii Zahlbr.

Lycianthes leptocaulis (Rusby) Rusby
Lycianthes leptocaulis (Rusby) Rusby
Synonyms: Lycianthes leptocaulis Rusby
$
Lycianthes lineata (R. & P.) Bitter
Lycianthes lineata (R. & P.) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes lineata Ruiz & Pav.

Lycianthes longidentata Bitter
Lycianthes longidentata Bitter = Lycianthes acutangula subsp. acutangula
Lycianthes lycioides (L.) Hassl.
Lycianthes lycioides (L.) Hassl.
Synonyms: Lycianthes lycioides (Dunal) Bitter, Lycianthes lycioides (Dunal) Hassl.,

Lycianthes lycioides (Wedd.) Bitter, Lycianthes lycioides Bitter, Lycianthes
lycioides Dunal, Lycianthes lycioides Dunal, Lycianthes lycioides Dunal, Lycianthes
lycioides L., Lycianthes lycioides Wedd.
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests, rocky
slopes. 1000-4000 m.
Voucher: Gentry et al. 61399 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco,
Huánuco, Junín, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad.
Lycianthes lycioides subsp. parvifolia (Wedd.) Bitter
Lycianthes lycioides subsp. parvifolia (Wedd.) Bitter = Lycianthes lycioides (L.)

Hassl.
$
Lycianthes lycioides subsp. tomentosa (Dunal) Bitter
Lycianthes lycioides subsp. tomentosa (Dunal) Bitter = Lycianthes lycioides (L.)

Hassl.
Lycianthes lycioides var. brachyphylla Bitter
Lycianthes lycioides var. brachyphylla Bitter = Lycianthes lycioides (L.) Hassl.
Lycianthes martiniana Standl.
Lycianthes martiniana Standl.
Lycianthes medusocalyx (Bitter) Bitter
Lycianthes medusocalyx (Bitter) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes medusocalyx Bitter

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Departments: San Martín.
Lycianthes pearcei Bitter
Lycianthes pearcei Bitter = ?
$
Lycianthes poeppigii Bitter
Lycianthes poeppigii Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes poeppigii (Bitter) Morton

Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto.
Lycianthes pseudolycioides (Chod. & Hassl.) Bitter
Lycianthes pseudolycioides (Chod. & Hassl.) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes pseudolycioides Chod. & Hassl.
Lycianthes radiata (Sendtn. in Mart.) Bitter
Lycianthes radiata (Sendtn. in Mart.) Bitter
Lycianthes rantonnei (Lescuyer) Bitter
Lycianthes rantonnei (Lescuyer) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes rantonnei Lescuyer

Lycianthes sprucei (Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.) Bitter
Lycianthes sprucei (Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes sprucei Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ayala 2115 (MO!)
Lycianthes stenoloba (Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.) Bitter
Lycianthes stenoloba (Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes stenoloba Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Knapp & Mallet 7034 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, San Martín.
Lycianthes tarapotensis Bitter
Lycianthes tarapotensis Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes tarapotensis Morton

Lycianthes tarmensis Bitter
Lycianthes tarmensis Bitter = Lycianthes acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Bitter
Lycianthes ulei Bitter
Lycianthes ulei Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes ulei (Bitter) Morton

$
Lycianthes weberbaueri Bitter
Lycianthes weberbaueri Bitter = Lycianthes acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Bitter
Lycianthes xylopiifolia (Dunal) Bitter
Lycianthes xylopiifolia (Dunal) Bitter
Synonyms: Lycianthes xylopiifolia Dunal
Lycioplesium dombeyanum Dunal
Lycioplesium dombeyanum Dunal = Dunalia dombeyana (Dunal) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: FP 1349: 46; Hunziker, A. T., 1960: 235.
Lycioplesium horridum Miers
Lycioplesium horridum Miers = Iochroma parvifolium (Roemer & Schultes) D'Arcy
Lycioplesium meyenianum (Nees) Miers
Lycioplesium meyenianum (Nees) Miers = Dunalia spinosa (Meyen) Dammer
$
Lycioplesium obovatum (R. & P.) Miers
Lycioplesium obovatum (R. & P.) Miers = Dunalia obovata (R. & P.) Dammer
Reference: FP 1349: 49; Hunziker, pers. comm..
Lycium aggregatum Ruiz & Pav.
Lycium aggregatum Ruiz & Pav. = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.
Lycium americanum Jacq.
Lycium americanum Jacq.
Synonyms: Lycium americanum (Griseb.) Hassl., Lycium americanum (Heiser) Moldenke,

Lycium americanum (Urban & Ekman) C. Hitchcock, Lycium americanum Moldenke, Lycium
americanum Ruiz & Pav., Lycium americanum S.F. Blake, Lycium americanum Urb. &
Ekman
Reference: Bernardello, L. M., 1986: 216.
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I, Coastal: forests, lomas. 0-1500 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Tumbes.
Lycium americanum var. chrysocarpum Urb. & Ekman
Lycium americanum var. chrysocarpum Urb. & Ekman = Lycium americanum Jacq.
Lycium biesei Barkley
Lycium biesei Barkley = Lycium leiostemum Wedd.

$
Lycium boerhaaviaefolium L. f.
Lycium boerhaaviaefolium L. f. = Grabowskia boerhaaviaefolia (L. f.) Schltdl.
Lycium cornifolium Kunth
Lycium cornifolium Kunth = Iochroma cornifolium (Kunth) Miers
Lycium distichum Meyen
Lycium distichum Meyen
Synonyms: Lycium distichum (Meyen) Nees, Lycium distichum Rusby, Lycium distichum
Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 8; Bernardello, L. M., 1986: 273.
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: forests on white sand. 0-3500 m.
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Puno, Tacna.
Lycium divaricatum Rusby
Lycium divaricatum Rusby = Lycium distichum Meyen
Reference: FP 1349: 8; Bernardello, L. M., 1986: 273.
Lycium floribundum Kunth
Lycium floribundum Kunth = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.

$
Lycium fragosum Miers
Lycium fragosum Miers = Lycium stenophyllum Remy
Lycium fuchsioides Kunth
Lycium fuchsioides Kunth = Iochroma fuchsioides (Kunth) Miers
Lycium gesnerioides Kunth
Lycium gesnerioides Kunth = Iochroma gesnerioides (Kunth) Miers

Note: NN
Lycium guayaquilense Kunth
Lycium guayaquilense Kunth = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.
Lycium heterophyllum Murray
Lycium heterophyllum Murray = Grabowskia boerhaaviaefolia (L. f.) Schltdl.
$
Lycium horridum Kunth
Lycium horridum Kunth = Iochroma parvifolium (Roemer & Schultes) D'Arcy
Lycium infaustum Miers
Lycium infaustum Miers
Synonyms: Lycium infaustum Griseb.

Note: Not known from Peru. Bernardello (1986) lists this as an endemic of central
Argentina.
Lycium johnstoni S.F. Blake
Lycium johnstoni S.F. Blake = Lycium americanum Jacq.
Lycium leiostemum Wedd.
Lycium leiostemum Wedd.
Synonyms: Lycium leiostemum Barkley

Ecology: Native shrub. Region uncertain: forests. .
Voucher: Gay s.n.* (P)
Departments: Cuzco.
Lycium meyenianum Nees
Lycium meyenianum Nees = Dunalia spinosa (Meyen) Dammer

Lycium nodosum Miers
Lycium nodosum Miers

Lycium obovatum Ruiz & Pav.
Lycium obovatum Ruiz & Pav. = Dunalia obovata (R. & P.) Dammer
Lycium oreophilum Wedd.
Lycium oreophilum Wedd. = Lycium distichum Meyen
Lycium ovale Roemer & Schultes
Lycium ovale Roemer & Schultes = ?
Lycium parvifolium Roemer & Schultes
Lycium parvifolium Roemer & Schultes = Iochroma parvifolium (Roemer & Schultes)
D'Arcy

$
Lycium peruvianum Dippel
Lycium peruvianum Dippel = Dunalia obovata (R. & P.) Dammer
Lycium salsum Ruiz & Pav.
Lycium salsum Ruiz & Pav. = Lycium americanum Jacq.
Lycium spathulatum Ruiz & Pav.
Lycium spathulatum Ruiz & Pav. = Dunalia spathulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Braun &
Bouché
Lycium stenophyllum Remy
Lycium stenophyllum Remy
Synonyms: Lycium stenophyllum Miers

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I, Coastal: lomas. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: López 041 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa.
Lycium subglabrum (Heiser) Moldenke
Lycium subglabrum (Heiser) Moldenke = Lycium americanum Jacq.

Lycium tweedianum Griseb.
Lycium tweedianum Griseb. = Lycium infaustum Miers

Note: NN
Lycium tweedianum var. chrysocarpum (Urban & Ekman) C. Hitchcock
Lycium tweedianum var. chrysocarpum (Urban & Ekman) C. Hitchcock = Lycium

americanum Jacq.
Lycium tweedianum var. pruinosum (Griseb.) Hassl.
Lycium tweedianum var. pruinosum (Griseb.) Hassl. = Lycium americanum Jacq.
Lycium umbellatum Ruiz & Pav.
Lycium umbellatum Ruiz & Pav. = Iochroma umbellatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Hunziker ex
D'Arcy
Reference: FP 1349: 53; D'Arcy, W. G., 1989: 510.
Lycomormium elatum C. Schweinf.
Lycomormium elatum C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 600; Sweet, H. R., 1974: 196; Dodson, pers. comm..
Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6808*
Lycomormium fiskii Sweet
Lycomormium fiskii Sweet
Reference: Sweet, H. R., 1974: 192; Dodson, pers. comm..

Voucher: Vargas 13448 (AMES)
Departments: Cuzco.
Lycomormium squalidum (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.
Lycomormium squalidum (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Lycomormium squalidum hort. ex Rchb. f., Lycomormium squalidum Poepp. &
Endl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 602; Sweet, H. R., 1974: 196; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* , Weberbauer 6808 (F)
Lycopersicon atacamense Philippi
Lycopersicon atacamense Philippi = Lycopersicon chilense Dunal
Reference: Rick, pers. comm..
Lycopersicon chilense Dunal
Lycopersicon chilense Dunal

Synonyms: Lycopersicon chilense Philippi
Reference: Rick, C. M. & R. Lamm, 1955: 671.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 12021 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, La Libertad, Moquegua, Tacna.
Lycopersicon chmielewskii Rick et al.
Lycopersicon chmielewskii Rick et al.
Reference: Rick, C. M., E. Kesicki, J. F. Fobes, & M. Holle, 1976: 58.

Ecology. 1500-3000 m.
Voucher: Iltis & Ugent 832* (WIS), Rick & Rick SAL411 (DAV)
Departments: Apurímac, Ayacucho.
Lycopersicon dentatum Dunal
Lycopersicon dentatum Dunal = Lycopersicon peruvianum var. dentatum (Dunal) Dunal
Reference: Rick, pers. comm..
Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.
Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.
Lycopersicon esculentum var.cerasiforme (Dunal) A. Gray
Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme (Dunal) A. Gray
Synonyms: Lycopersicon esculentum cerasiforme Dunal
Lycopersicon esculentum var.esculentum

Lycopersicon esculentum var. esculentum
Synonyms: Lycopersicon esculentum esculentum, Lycopersicon esculentum esculentum

(Willd.) Raf., Lycopersicon esculentum esculentum Dunal, Lycopersicon esculentum
esculentum Mill., Lycopersicon esculentum esculentum Willd.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: West 8007 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco.
Lycopersicon glandulosum C.H. Müll.
Lycopersicon glandulosum C.H. Müll. = Lycopersicon peruvianum var. peruvianum
Reference: Rick, C. M., 1963: 228; Hunziker, pers. comm..
Lycopersicon hirsutum Dunal
Synonyms: Lycopersicon hirsutum (Dunal) J.F. Macbr., Lycopersicon hirsutum Dunal,

Ecology. 1000-4000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Huancavelica, Ica, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad,
Piura.
Lycopersicon parviflorum Rick et al.
Lycopersicon parviflorum Rick et al.
Reference: Rick, C. M., E. Kesicki, J. F. Fobes, & M. Holle, 1976: 57.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Ochoa 1017* (Herb. Ochoa), Stork et al. 10543 (US)
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco.
$
Lycopersicon pennellii (Correll) D'Arcy
Lycopersicon pennellii (Correll) D'Arcy
Lycopersicon pennellii var.pennellii D'Arcy
Lycopersicon pennellii var. pennellii D'Arcy
Synonyms: Lycopersicon pennellii pennellii Correll
Lycopersicon pennellii var.puberulum (Correll) D'Arcy
Lycopersicon pennellii var. puberulum (Correll) D'Arcy
Synonyms: Lycopersicon pennellii var. puberulum Correll
Lycopersicon peruvianum (L.) Miller
Lycopersicon peruvianum (L.) Miller
Lycopersicon peruvianum var.dentatum (Dunal) Dunal
Lycopersicon peruvianum var. dentatum (Dunal) Dunal
Synonyms: Lycopersicon peruvianum dentatum Dunal, Lycopersicon peruvianum dentatum

Dunal
Lycopersicon peruvianum var.peruvianum

Lycopersicon peruvianum var. peruvianum
Synonyms: Lycopersicon peruvianum peruvianum C.H. Müll., Lycopersicon

peruvianum peruvianum Dunal, Lycopersicon peruvianum peruvianum L., Lycopersicon
peruvianum peruvianum Muller, Lycopersicon peruvianum peruvianum Roemer & Schultes,
Lycopersicon peruvianum peruvianum Sprengel
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Cevasco s.n. (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Tacna.
Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (Juslenius) Mill.
Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (Juslenius) Mill.
Synonyms: Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium (Juslenius) Mill., Lycopersicon

pimpinellifolium Juslenius
Lycopersicum agrimoniaefolium Dunal
Lycopersicum agrimoniaefolium Dunal = Lycopersicon hirsutum Dunal
Lycopersicum cerasiforme Dunal
Lycopersicum cerasiforme Dunal = Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme (Dunal)

A. Gray
Lycopersicum commutatum Roemer & Schultes
Lycopersicum commutatum Roemer & Schultes = Lycopersicon peruvianum var. peruvianum
$
Lycopersicum dentatum Dunal
Lycopersicum dentatum Dunal = Lycopersicon peruvianum var. dentatum (Dunal) Dunal
Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.
Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. = Lycopersicon esculentum var. esculentum
Lycopersicum glandulosum Muller
Lycopersicum glandulosum Muller = Lycopersicon peruvianum var. peruvianum
Lycopersicum hirsutum Dunal
Lycopersicum hirsutum Dunal = Lycopersicon hirsutum Dunal
Lycopersicum peruvianum (L.) Mill.
Lycopersicum peruvianum (L.) Mill. = ?
Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium (Juslenius) Mill.
Lycopersicum pimpinellifolium (Juslenius) Mill. = Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium

(Juslenius) Mill.

$
Lycopersicum regulare Dunal
Lycopersicum regulare Dunal = Lycopersicon peruvianum var. peruvianum
Lycoseris peruviana Egerod
Lycoseris peruviana Egerod
Reference: Egeröd, K. & B. Stahl, 1991: 564.

Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 5080* (F), Ferreyra 7942 (MO!)
Lycoseris trinervis (Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don) S.F. Blake
Lycoseris trinervis (Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don) S.F. Blake
Synonyms: Lycoseris trinervis (Poeppig) Egeröd, Lycoseris trinervis (Poeppig)

Kuntze, Lycoseris trinervis Poepp., Lycoseris trinervis Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don,
Lycoseris trinervis Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don
Reference: Harling, G., 1991: 34.
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* , Macbride 4593 (F)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San Martín.
Lycoseris trinervis subsp. altissima (Poeppig) Egeröd
Lycoseris trinervis subsp. altissima (Poeppig) Egeröd = Lycoseris trinervis

(Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don) S.F. Blake

$
Lycurus muticus Spreng.
Lycurus muticus Spreng. = Elyonurus muticus (Spreng.) Kuntze
Reference: Renvoize, S. A., 1978: 670.
Lycurus phalaroides Kunth
Lycurus phalaroides Kunth
Reference: Sánchez, E. & Z. E. Rugolo de Agrasar, 1986: 294.

Voucher: Núñez 7349 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Junín.
Lycurus phleoides Kunth
Lycurus phleoides Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 168; Tovar, O., 1957: 66.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Tovar 939 (US, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huancavelica.
Lygistum acutifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze
Lygistum acutifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze = Manettia acutifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Lygistum glandulosum (Poepp.) Kuntze

Lygistum glandulosum (Poepp.) Kuntze = Manettia glandulosa Poepp.
Lygistum hispidum (Poepp.) Kuntze
Lygistum hispidum (Poepp.) Kuntze = Manettia hispida Poepp.
Lygistum paniculatum (Poepp.) Kuntze
Lygistum paniculatum (Poepp.) Kuntze = Manettia paniculata Poepp.
Lygistum racemosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze
Lygistum racemosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze = Manettia racemosa Ruiz & Pav.
Lygistum umbellatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze
Lygistum umbellatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze = Manettia umbellata Ruiz & Pav.
Lygodisodea foetida Ruiz & Pav.
Lygodisodea foetida Ruiz & Pav. = Paederia diffusa (Britton) Standl.
Reference: FP 1365: 240; Standley, P. C., 1931: 330.

$
Lygodium digitatum D.C. Eaton
Lygodium digitatum D.C. Eaton = ?
Lygodium micans J.W. Sturm
Lygodium micans J.W. Sturm = ?
Lygodium radiatum Prantl
Lygodium radiatum Prantl

Ecology: Native vine. Region uncertain: seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco, Ucayali.
Lygodium venustum Sw.
Lygodium venustum Sw.

Ecology: Native vine. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Belshaw 3353 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, San Martín, Ucayali.
Lygodium volubile Sw.

Lygodium volubile Sw.

Ecology: Native vine. Region uncertain: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Lymanbensonia micrantha (Vaupel) Kimnach
Lymanbensonia micrantha (Vaupel) Kimnach = Lepismium micranthum (Vaupel) Barthlott
Reference: Kimnach, M., 1984: 101; Hunt, D., 1992: 78.
Lysiloma polyphylla Benth.
Lysiloma polyphylla Benth.
Synonyms: Lysiloma polyphylla Clos

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 74; Foster, R. C., 1958: 98.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6846 (F)
Lysimachia andina Sandwith
Lysimachia andina Sandwith
Reference: Flora Peru: 1333: 51; Ray Jr., J. D., 1966: 104; Ståhl, B., 1990:
28.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Díaz & Baldeón 2431 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.
Lysimachia monnieri L.
Lysimachia monnieri L. = ?
Reference: FP 1361: 480; Philcox, D., 1979: 680.
Lysipoma montioides (Kunth) A. DC. in DC.
Lysipoma montioides (Kunth) A. DC. in DC. = Lysipomia montioides Kunth
Note: NN
Lysipomia acaulis A. DC.
Lysipomia acaulis A. DC. = Lysipomia acaulis Kunth
Lysipomia acaulis Kunth
Lysipomia acaulis Kunth
Synonyms: Lysipomia acaulis A. DC., Lysipomia acaulis Humboldt, Lysipomia acaulis

Willdenow ex Schultes
Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 483; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 138.
Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Lysipomia acuta E. Wimm.
Lysipomia acuta E. Wimm. = Lysipomia sphagnophila subsp. acuta (E. Wimm.) McVaugh
Reference: FP 1381: 483; Wimmer, F. E., 1953: 747.
Lysipomia aretioides Kunth

Lysipomia aretioides Kunth
Synonyms: Lysipomia aretioides Roem. & Schult., Lysipomia aretioides Roem. &
Schult., Lysipomia aretioides Willd. in Roem. & Schult.
Lysipomia brachysiphonia (A. Zahlbruckner) E. Wimm.
Lysipomia brachysiphonia (A. Zahlbruckner) E. Wimm.
Synonyms: Lysipomia brachysiphonia A. Zahlbruckner

Reference: Flora Peru: 1381: 484; Wimmer, F. E., 1953: 752.
Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Lysipomia brachysiphonia var.brevifolia (A. Zahlbruckner) E. Wimm.
Lysipomia brachysiphonia var. brevifolia (A. Zahlbruckner) E. Wimm.
Synonyms: Lysipomia brachysiphonia brevifolia G. Don, Lysipomia brachysiphonia var.

brevifolia A. Zahlbruckner
Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Note: Not reconfirmed. Treated by Wimmer (1953) as a synonym of L. subulata.
Lysipomia crassomarginata (E. Wimm.) Jeppesen
Lysipomia crassomarginata (E. Wimm.) Jeppesen
Synonyms: Lysipomia crassomarginata E. Wimm.
Lysipomia glandulifera (Schlechtendal ex Weddell) Schltdl. ex E. Wimm.

Lysipomia glandulifera (Schlechtendal ex Weddell) Schltdl. ex E. Wimm.
Synonyms: Lysipomia glandulifera (Schlechtendal ex Weddell) Benth. & Hook. f.,

Lysipomia glandulifera Schlechtendal ex Weddell
Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Lechler 2076*
Departments: Puno.
Lysipomia glandulifera subsp.globulifera McVaugh
Lysipomia glandulifera subsp. globulifera McVaugh
Reference: Wimmer, F. E., 1968: 897.

Voucher: Lechler 2076
Departments: Puno.
Lysipomia globularis E. Wimm.
Lysipomia globularis E. Wimm.

Voucher: Raimondi 4694* (B)
Lysipomia gracilis (E. Wimmer) E. Wimm.
Lysipomia gracilis (E. Wimmer) E. Wimm.
Synonyms: Lysipomia gracilis E. Wimm.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Stuebel 26A*
Departments: La Libertad.
$
Lysipomia hirta E. Wimm.
Lysipomia hirta E. Wimm.

Voucher: Raimondi 3161A*
Lysipomia laciniata A. DC.
Lysipomia laciniata A. DC.
Lysipomia laciniata subsp.laciniata
Lysipomia laciniata subsp. laciniata
Synonyms: Lysipomia laciniata var. laciniata (Weddell) E. Wimm., Lysipomia

laciniata var. laciniata Wedd., Lysipomia laciniata var. laciniata Wedd.
Lysipomia laciniata subsp.linearifolia McVaugh
Lysipomia laciniata subsp. linearifolia McVaugh
Lysipomia laciniata var. vulgaris (Weddell) E. Wimm.
Lysipomia laciniata var. vulgaris (Weddell) E. Wimm. = Lysipomia laciniata subsp.

laciniata
Reference: FP 1381: 486; Wimmer, F. E., 1953: 753; Wimmer, F. E., 1968: 899.
$
Lysipomia laricina E. Wimm.
Lysipomia laricina E. Wimm.
Synonyms: Lysipomia laricina (Benth.) Benth. & Hook. f., Lysipomia laricina Benth.
Lysipomia lehmannii Hieron. ex Zahlbr.
Lysipomia lehmannii Hieron. ex Zahlbr.

Lysipomia linearifolia E. Wimm.
Lysipomia linearifolia E. Wimm.
Synonyms: Lysipomia linearifolia Wedd.

Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Lysipomia montioides A. DC.
Lysipomia montioides A. DC. = ?
Note: NN
Lysipomia montioides Kunth

Lysipomia montioides Kunth
Synonyms: Lysipomia montioides (Kunth) A. DC. in DC., Lysipomia montioides E.

Wimm., Lysipomia montioides Humboldt ex Roem. & Schult.
Note: Not known from Peru. Jeppesen suggests that this taxon does occur in Peru
but cites no Peruvian material. Misspelled Lysipoma in the Flora of Peru.
Lysipomia multiflora McVaugh
Lysipomia multiflora McVaugh

Voucher: Stork & Horton 10845 , Soukup 2731
Lysipomia obliqua E. Wimm.
Lysipomia obliqua E. Wimm. = Lysipomia montioides Kunth
Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 142.

Note: NN
Lysipomia pumila (Weddell) E. Wimm.
Lysipomia pumila (Weddell) E. Wimm.
Synonyms: Lysipomia pumila Wedd.

Ecology. > 4500 m.
Lysipomia reniforme (Kunth) A. DC.
Lysipomia reniforme (Kunth) A. DC. = Hypsela reniformis (Kunth) C. Presl

Lysipomia reniformis Kunth
Lysipomia reniformis Kunth = Hypsela reniformis (Kunth) C. Presl
Reference: FP 1381: 390; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 126.
Lysipomia sphagnophila Griseb. ex Wedd.
Lysipomia sphagnophila Griseb. ex Wedd.

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Departments: Puno.
Lysipomia sphagnophila subsp.acuta (E. Wimm.) McVaugh
Lysipomia sphagnophila subsp. acuta (E. Wimm.) McVaugh
Synonyms: Lysipomia sphagnophila acuta E. Wimm.
Lysipomia subulata G. Don
Lysipomia subulata G. Don = Lysipomia brachysiphonia var. brevifolia (A.

Zahlbruckner) E. Wimm.
Lythrum carthagenense Jacq.

Lythrum carthagenense Jacq. = Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: FP 753: 210; Lourteig, A., 1989: 23.
Lythrum dipetalum L. f.
Lythrum dipetalum L. f. = Cuphea dipetala (L. f.) Koehne
Lythrum maritimum Kunth
Lythrum maritimum Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 753: 216; Lourteig, A., 1989: 10.

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas,
riversides. 0-1000 m.
Note: Lourteig (1989) indicates that the type locality ("Patibilcan") is in Peru.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P), Knapp 8298 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Lambayeque, Lima, Tacna.
Lythrum racemosum L. f.
Lythrum racemosum L. f. = Cuphea racemosa (L. f.) Spreng.
Lythrum salicaria L.
Lythrum salicaria L.

Note: Not reconfirmed. ; native to Europe.
$
Maba inconstans (Jacq.) Griseb.
Maba inconstans (Jacq.) Griseb. = Diospyros inconstans Jacq.

Note: NN
Maba pavonii (A. DC.) Hiern
Maba pavonii (A. DC.) Hiern = Diospyros artanthifolia Mart.
Mabea anadena Pax & K. Hoffm.
Mabea anadena Pax & K. Hoffm.

Mabea angustifolia Spruce ex Benth.
Mabea angustifolia Spruce ex Benth.
Mabea elata Steyerm.
Mabea elata Steyerm.
Synonyms: Mabea elata Diels

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 3206*
Mabea eximia Ducke
Mabea eximia Ducke
Mabea macbridei I.M. Johnst.
Mabea macbridei I.M. Johnst.

Ecology: Endemic tree. .
Voucher: Macbride 5702* (F)
Mabea maynensis Müll. Arg.
Mabea maynensis Müll. Arg. = Mabea maynensis Spruce
Mabea maynensis Spruce
Mabea maynensis Spruce
Synonyms: Mabea maynensis Müll. Arg.
Mabea nitida Spruce ex Benth.
Mabea nitida Spruce ex Benth.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ayala & Origgi 5973 (MO!)
Mabea occidentalis Benth.
Mabea occidentalis Benth.
Mabea piriri Aubl.
Mabea piriri Aubl.
Mabea pulcherrima Müll. Arg.
Mabea pulcherrima Müll. Arg.
Mabea rhynchophylla Diels
Mabea rhynchophylla Diels = Mabea elata Steyerm.
Mabea speciosa Müll. Arg.
Mabea speciosa Müll. Arg.
Mabea standleyi Steyerm.

Mabea standleyi Steyerm.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 2064* (F), Schunke 6139 (UCLA at MO!)
Mabea subsessilis Pax & K. Hoffm.
Mabea subsessilis Pax & K. Hoffm.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Departments: Loreto, San Martín.
Macairea rufescens DC.
Macairea rufescens DC.
Reference: Renner, S. S., 1989: 80.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Revilla 4326 (HBG)
Macairea scabra Cogn.
Macairea scabra Cogn. = Macairea thyrsiflora DC.
Reference: FP 761: 276; Renner, S. S., 1989: 75.
Macairea sulcata Triana
Macairea sulcata Triana

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 276; Renner, S. S., 1989: 79.
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Amazonian: rocky slopes. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4004* (K photo US!)
Macairea thyrsiflora DC.
Macairea thyrsiflora DC.
Synonyms: Macairea thyrsiflora Cogn.

Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, seasonally
inundated areas. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Martín.
Macbrideina peruviana Standl.
Macbrideina peruviana Standl.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 5573* (F), Foster 8531 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San
Martín.
Macfadyena bangii Rusby
Macfadyena bangii Rusby = Phryganocydia corymbosa (Vent.) Baill.
Reference: FP 1362: 63; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 298.
Macfadyena corymbosa (Vent.) Griseb.
Macfadyena corymbosa (Vent.) Griseb. = Phryganocydia corymbosa (Vent.) Baill.

Macfadyena uncata (Andrews) Sprague & Sandwith
Macfadyena uncata (Andrews) Sprague & Sandwith
Synonyms: Macfadyena uncata Andrews

Reference: Flora Peru: 1362: 71; Gentry, A. H., 1982: 227.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, swamps. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Gentry & Díaz 58405 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín,
Ucayali.
Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A.H. Gentry
Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A.H. Gentry
Synonyms: Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) Mart. ex DC., Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.)

Miers, Macfadyena unguis-cati Kranzlin, Macfadyena unguis-cati L., Macfadyena
unguis-cati L. Lindley
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1982: 229.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m.
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín,
Ucayali.
Macfadyena violacea Rusby
Macfadyena violacea Rusby = Clytostoma uleanum Kranzlin
Machaerium aculeatum Raddi
Machaerium aculeatum Raddi

Synonyms: Machaerium aculeatum (Raddi) DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 276; Rudd, V. E., 1956: 196; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 217.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4556 (K)
Machaerium amazonense Hoehne
Machaerium amazonense Hoehne
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 277; Ducke, A., 1949: 182.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27833 (F)
Machaerium angustifolium Vogel
Machaerium angustifolium Vogel = Machaerium isadelphum (E. Meyer) Amshoff
Reference: FP 21: 276; Dwyer, J. D., 1965: 16.

Note: Treated as a synonym of M. aculeatum in the Flora of Peru.
Machaerium aristulatum (Spruce ex Benth.) Ducke
Machaerium aristulatum (Spruce ex Benth.) Ducke
Synonyms: Machaerium aristulatum Spruce ex Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 277; Bastos, M. de N. do C., 1987: 224; Rudd, V. E.,
1987: 11.
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree, vine. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Vásquez et al. 3697 (MO!)
Machaerium bangii Rusby

Machaerium bangii Rusby = Machaerium isadelphum (E. Meyer) Amshoff
Reference: FP 21: 278; Rudd, V. E., 1977: 134; Bastos, M. de N. do C., 1987: 245.
Machaerium campylothyrsum Hoehne
Machaerium campylothyrsum Hoehne
Synonyms: Machaerium campylothyrsum Hoehne

Voucher: Ducke s.n. (MG)
Machaerium campylothyrsum var. crebrifoliolatum Hoehne
Machaerium campylothyrsum var. crebrifoliolatum Hoehne = Machaerium campylothyrsum

Hoehne
Machaerium complanatum Ducke
Machaerium complanatum Ducke

Machaerium cuspidatum Kuhlm. & Hoehne
Machaerium cuspidatum Kuhlm. & Hoehne

Voucher: Gentry & Jaramillo 41346 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Pasco, Ucayali.
$
Machaerium cuzcoense Rudd
Machaerium cuzcoense Rudd
Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1973: 403.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: semi-deciduous forests. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Chávez 423* (F)
Departments: Cuzco.
Machaerium decorticans Ducke
Machaerium decorticans Ducke = Machaerium floribundum Benth. var. floribundum
Reference: FP 21: 279; Rudd, V. E., 1987: 298.
Machaerium duckeanum Hoehne
Machaerium duckeanum Hoehne
Synonyms: Machaerium duckeanum Ducke

Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Croat 17833 (MO)
Machaerium ferox (C. Martius ex Benth.) Ducke
Machaerium ferox (C. Martius ex Benth.) Ducke
Synonyms: Machaerium ferox C. Martius ex Benth.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Note: Not M. ferox Glaziou, nom. nud.
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 20826 (MO!)
Machaerium ferrugineum var. parviflorum Benth.
Machaerium ferrugineum var. parviflorum Benth. = Machaerium quinata var.

parviflorum (Benth.) Rudd
Machaerium floribundum Benth.
Machaerium floribundum Benth.
Machaerium floribundum Benth. var.floribundum
Machaerium floribundum Benth. var. floribundum
Synonyms: Machaerium floribundum floribundum Ducke

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 280; Rudd, V. E., 1987: 298.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Machaerium floribundum var.hypargyreum (Harms) Rudd
Machaerium floribundum var. hypargyreum (Harms) Rudd
Synonyms: Machaerium floribundum hypargyreum Harms

Reference: Rudd, V. E., 1972: 122; Rudd, V. E., 1987: 301.
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 4549* (B photo F!), Gentry et al. 19071 (MO)
$
Machaerium floribundum var.parviflorum Benth.
Machaerium floribundum var. parviflorum Benth.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, swamps. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4544* (K!), Smith 4013 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco, San Martín.
Machaerium huanucoense Rudd
Machaerium huanucoense Rudd

Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Schunke 5895* (US)
Machaerium inundatum (C. Martius ex Benth.) Ducke
Machaerium inundatum (C. Martius ex Benth.) Ducke
Synonyms: Machaerium inundatum C. Martius ex Benth.

Reference: Ducke, A., 1949: 185.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Stein et al. 3971 (MO!)
Machaerium iquitosense J.F. Macbr.
Machaerium iquitosense J.F. Macbr. = Machaerium macrophyllum Benth. var.

macrophyllum
$
Machaerium isadelphum (E. Meyer) Amshoff
Machaerium isadelphum (E. Meyer) Amshoff
Synonyms: Machaerium isadelphum Benth., Machaerium isadelphum E. Meyer, Machaerium

isadelphum J.F. Macbr., Machaerium isadelphum Rusby, Machaerium isadelphum Vogel
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 276; Rudd, V. E., 1977: 134; Bastos, M. de N. do C.,
1987: 245.
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides,
seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m.
Note: Treated as a synonym under M. aculeatum in the Flora of Peru.
Voucher: Revilla 660 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, San Martín.
Machaerium jacarandifolium Rusby
Machaerium jacarandifolium Rusby
Reference: Foster, R. C., 1958: 99.

Voucher: Núñez & Phillips 10438 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios.
Machaerium kegelii Meisn.
Machaerium kegelii Meisn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 281; Ducke, A., 1949: 245; Rudd, V. E., 1977: 138.
Machaerium lanceolatum (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.
Machaerium lanceolatum (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Machaerium lanceolatum C. Martius ex Benth., Machaerium lanceolatum Vell.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 281; Rudd, V. E., 1956: 197; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 219.
$
Machaerium latifolium Rusby
Machaerium latifolium Rusby

Voucher: Foster 11440 (K!)
Departments: Cuzco, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Machaerium leiophyllum (DC.) Benth.
Machaerium leiophyllum (DC.) Benth.
Machaerium leiophyllum (DC.) Benth. var.leiophyllum
Machaerium leiophyllum (DC.) Benth. var. leiophyllum
Synonyms: Machaerium leiophyllum leiophyllum DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 282; Ducke, A., 1949: 183; Rudd, V. E., 1956: 197.
Machaerium leiophyllum var.latifolium (Benth.) Rudd
Machaerium leiophyllum var. latifolium (Benth.) Rudd
Synonyms: Machaerium leiophyllum var. latifolium Benth.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 17220 (USM!)
$
Machaerium longifolium Benth.
Machaerium longifolium Benth. = Machaerium isadelphum (E. Meyer) Amshoff
Machaerium longistipitatum Hoehne
Machaerium longistipitatum Hoehne

Machaerium lunatum (L. f.) Ducke
Machaerium lunatum (L. f.) Ducke
Synonyms: Machaerium lunatum (L. f.) G. Meyer, Machaerium lunatum L. f.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 283; Bastos, M. de N. do C., 1987: 250; Rudd, V. E.,
1987: 3.
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Note: Not reconfirmed. Rudd (1987) does not list any Peruvian material under this
species.
Voucher: Huber s.n. (MG)
Machaerium macrocarpum Ducke
Machaerium macrocarpum Ducke = Machaerium duckeanum Hoehne

Note: nom. illeg., not M. macrocarpum Bentham.
Machaerium macrophyllum Benth.

Machaerium macrophyllum Benth.
Machaerium macrophyllum Benth. var.macrophyllum
Machaerium macrophyllum Benth. var. macrophyllum
Synonyms: Machaerium macrophyllum macrophyllum J.F. Macbr.

Departments: Cuzco, San Martín.
Machaerium madeirense Pittier
Machaerium madeirense Pittier
Reference: Ducke, A., 1949: 179; Roosmalen, M. G. M. van, 1985: 212.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Machaerium millei Standl.
Machaerium millei Standl.
Reference: Standley, P. C., 1942: 30.

Ecology: Native tree. Andean I: semi-deciduous forests. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Gentry & Díaz 58250 (MO!)
Departments: Tumbes.
Machaerium multifoliolatum Ducke
Machaerium multifoliolatum Ducke

Reference: Bastos, M. de N. do C., 1987: 254.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Departments: Loreto, Pasco.
Machaerium nervosum Vogel
Machaerium nervosum Vogel = Machaerium quinata var. parviflorum (Benth.) Rudd
Machaerium penduliflorum Rudd
Machaerium penduliflorum Rudd

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Belshaw 3457* (MO!), Wasshausen & Encarnación 707 (MO!)
Machaerium peruvianum J.F. Macbr.
Machaerium peruvianum J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Williams 3441* (F)
Machaerium quinata (Aubl.) Sandwith
Machaerium quinata (Aubl.) Sandwith
$
Machaerium quinata var.parviflorum (Benth.) Rudd
Machaerium quinata var. parviflorum (Benth.) Rudd
Synonyms: Machaerium quinata parviflorum Vogel, Machaerium quinata var. parviflorum

Benth.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests, disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Machaerium schunkei J.F. Macbr.
Machaerium schunkei J.F. Macbr. = Machaerium isadelphum (E. Meyer) Amshoff
Machaerium secundiflorum C. Martius ex Benth.
Machaerium secundiflorum C. Martius ex Benth. = Machaerium lanceolatum (Vell.) J.F.

Macbr.
Reference: FP 21: 281; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 219.
Machaerium tortipes Hoehne
Machaerium tortipes Hoehne

Machaerophorus matthioloides Schlecht.
Machaerophorus matthioloides Schlecht. = Mathewsia matthioloides (Schlecht.) C.

Muell. in Walp.
Machaonia peruviana Wernham
Machaonia peruviana Wernham

Ecology: Endemic shrub. .
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. Perhaps a synonym of M.
acuminata or M. spinosa, if indeed a Machaonia.
Voucher: Pavón s.n.*
Machaonia williamsii Standl.
Machaonia williamsii Standl.

Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. Region uncertain: forests. .
Voucher: William 6886* (F), Williams 6256 (F)
Macleania angulata Hooker
Macleania angulata Hooker
Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 94; Yeo, P. F., 1967: 50.

Voucher: Maclean s.n.* (K)
Macleania benthamiana Walp.
Macleania benthamiana Walp.

Synonyms: Macleania benthamiana Mansf.
Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6704 (MOL!)
Macleania farinosa Mansf.
Macleania farinosa Mansf.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Macleania floribunda Hook.
Macleania floribunda Hook.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 96; Yeo, P. F., 1967: 49.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Mathews 1442* , Smith & Vásquez 4670 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Martín, Ucayali.
Macleania macrantha Benth.
Macleania macrantha Benth.

Voucher: Klug 3211 (MO!)
Macleania multibracteata Mansf.

Macleania multibracteata Mansf. = Macleania benthamiana Walp.
Macleania nitida (Kunth) Hoerold
Macleania nitida (Kunth) Hoerold = Cavendishia nitida (H.B.K.) A.C. Sm.

Note: NN
Macleania rupestris (Kunth) A.C. Sm.
Macleania rupestris (Kunth) A.C. Sm.
Synonyms: Macleania rupestris Kunth

Macleania salapa Benth.
Macleania salapa Benth.
Reference: Luteyn, pers. comm..

Ecology: Native shrub. .
Maclura affinis Miq.
Maclura affinis Miq. = Maclura tinctoria (L.) Steud. subsp. tinctoria
Reference: FP 1233: 310; Kaastra, R. C., 1972: 663.
$
Maclura brasiliensis (Mart.) Endl.
Maclura brasiliensis (Mart.) Endl.
Synonyms: Maclura brasiliensis (Mart.) Standl. ex J.F. Macbr., Maclura brasiliensis

Mart.
Reference: Kaastra, R. C., 1973: 71; Berg, C. C., 1986: 244.
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Williams 6855 (F)
Maclura tinctoria (L.) Steud.
Maclura tinctoria (L.) Steud.
Maclura tinctoria (L.) Steud. subsp.tinctoria
Maclura tinctoria (L.) Steud. subsp. tinctoria
Synonyms: Maclura tinctoria tinctoria (L.) Gaudich. ex Benth. & Hook. f., Maclura
tinctoria tinctoria L., Maclura tinctoria tinctoria Miq., Maclura tinctoria var.
tinctoria (Miq.) Bureau, Maclura tinctoria var. tinctoria Bureau
Reference: Kaastra, R. C., 1972: 665; Berg, C. C., 1986: 244.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas,
forests, riversides. 0-3000 m.
Note: Kaastra (1972) treats this taxon under Chlorophora.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto,
Pasco, San Martín, Tumbes, Ucayali.
Maclura tinctoria var. affinis (Miq.) Bureau
Maclura tinctoria var. affinis (Miq.) Bureau = Maclura tinctoria (L.) Steud. subsp.
tinctoria

Note: See note under M. affinis.
$
Maclura tinctoria var. chlorocarpa Bureau
Maclura tinctoria var. chlorocarpa Bureau = Maclura tinctoria (L.) Steud. subsp.
tinctoria

Note: See note under M. affinis.
Macoubea guianensis Aubl.
Macoubea guianensis Aubl.
Synonyms: Macoubea guianensis R. Schultes

Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 396; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau, & L. Stutz
de Ortega, 1990: 420.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Note: Peruvian material is treated under var. pubiflora Monachino by Allorge (1985:
174).
Voucher: Williams 938 (MO!)
Macoubea sprucei (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Macoubea sprucei (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Synonyms: Macoubea sprucei Müll. Arg.

Macoubea witotorum R. Schultes
Macoubea witotorum R. Schultes = Macoubea guianensis Aubl.
Reference: Allorge, L., 1985: 174.

$
Macradenia lutescens R. Br.
Macradenia lutescens R. Br.
Synonyms: Macradenia lutescens Lindl., Macradenia lutescens Rchb. f. & Wullschl.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Macradenia surinamensis Rchb. f. & Wullschl.
Macradenia surinamensis Rchb. f. & Wullschl. = Macradenia lutescens R. Br.
Macradenia triandra Lindl.
Macradenia triandra Lindl. = Macradenia lutescens R. Br.
Macradenia tridentata C. Schweinf.
Macradenia tridentata C. Schweinf.

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Mexia 6358A* (AMES!)
Macranthisiphon longiflorus (Cav.) Schum.

Macranthisiphon longiflorus (Cav.) Schum.
Synonyms: Macranthisiphon longiflorus Cav.

Ecology: Native liana. Coastal: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: López et al. 7682 (MO!)
Departments: Piura, Tumbes.
Macreightia pavonii A. DC.
Macreightia pavonii A. DC. = Diospyros artanthifolia Mart.
Macrocarpaea chlorantha Gilg
Macrocarpaea chlorantha Gilg
Reference: Flora Peru: 1342: 284; Ewan, J., 1948: 235; Maas, pers. comm..
Macrocarpaea cinchonifolia (Gilg) Weaver
Macrocarpaea cinchonifolia (Gilg) Weaver
Synonyms: Macrocarpaea cinchonifolia Gilg

Reference: Weaver Jr., R. E., 1974: 300.
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m.
Note: Weaver (1974) indicates that Ewan (1948: 245) treated Peruvian material of
this species under M. pachystyla.
Voucher: Metcalf 30629 (US)
Departments: Puno.
Macrocarpaea corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Ewan
Macrocarpaea corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Ewan

Synonyms: Macrocarpaea corymbosa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1342: 284; Ewan, J., 1948: 242; Weaver Jr., R. E., 1972:
304.
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m.
Note: Treated under Lisianthus in the Flora of Peru.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón (or Dombey) s.n.* (F), Weberbauer 7921 (F)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco.
Macrocarpaea guttifera Ewan
Macrocarpaea guttifera Ewan
Reference: Flora Peru: 1342: 285; Ewan, J., 1948: 237.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27045* (US)
Macrocarpaea loranthoides (Grisebach) Maas
Macrocarpaea loranthoides (Grisebach) Maas
Synonyms: Macrocarpaea loranthoides Gilg, Macrocarpaea loranthoides Griseb.

Reference: Maas, pers. comm..
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 2500-3500 m.
Note: New combination made in Appendix 1.
Voucher: Mathews 1315* (K), Weberbauer 4411 (B, destroyed USM)
Macrocarpaea micrantha Gilg
Macrocarpaea micrantha Gilg
Synonyms: Macrocarpaea micrantha Gilg

Voucher: Spruce 4618* (G), Klug 3138 (MO!)
$
Macrocarpaea ovalis (Ruiz & Pav.) Ewan
Macrocarpaea ovalis (Ruiz & Pav.) Ewan
Synonyms: Macrocarpaea ovalis (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Macrocarpaea ovalis Ruiz & Pav.
306.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón (or Dombey) s.n.* (MA photo F), Stein & Todzia 2322
(MO!)
Macrocarpaea pachystyla Gilg
Macrocarpaea pachystyla Gilg
300.
Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m.
Note: Weaver (1974) alludes to the treatment of the collection cited by Ewan (1948)
from Puno, Metcalf 30629, as this species actually represents M. cinchonifolia.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA photo F), Woytkowski 35471 (F)
Macrocarpaea revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Gilg
Macrocarpaea revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Gilg
Synonyms: Macrocarpaea revoluta Ruiz & Pav.

307.
Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (F), Macbride 5224 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Junín.
Macrocarpaea stenophylla Gilg

Macrocarpaea stenophylla Gilg

Voucher: Stuebel 24c* (B), Williams 7582 (F)
Macrocarpaea viscosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Gilg
Macrocarpaea viscosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Gilg
Synonyms: Macrocarpaea viscosa Ruiz & Pav.

309.
Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 1500-3500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA photo F), Vargas 4196 (US)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco.
Macrocarpaea weberbaueri Gilg
Macrocarpaea weberbaueri Gilg = Macrocarpaea micrantha Gilg
Reference: FP 1342: 287; Ewan, J., 1948: 240.
Macrocentrum fasciculatum (Richard ex DC.) Triana
Macrocentrum fasciculatum (Richard ex DC.) Triana = ?

Note: NN
Macrocentrum fasciculatum var. peruvianum Cogn.
Macrocentrum fasciculatum var. peruvianum Cogn. = Salpinga peruviana (Cogn.)

Wurdack
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1971: 354.
Macrocentrum peruviana (Cogn.) J.F. Macbr.
Macrocentrum peruviana (Cogn.) J.F. Macbr. = Salpinga peruviana (Cogn.) Wurdack
Reference: FP 761: 329; Wurdack, J. J., 1971: 354.
Macrochlamys miquelii Decne.
Macrochlamys miquelii Decne. = Drymonia coccinea (Aublet) Wiehler
Note: nom. nud.
Macrochlamys patrisii (DC.) Decne.
Macrochlamys patrisii (DC.) Decne. = Drymonia coccinea (Aublet) Wiehler
Macrochordion bromeliifolia (Rudge) Beer
Macrochordion bromeliifolia (Rudge) Beer = Aechmea bromeliifolia (Rudge) Baker
Reference: Smith, L. B. & W. J. Kress, 1989: 77; Luther, pers. comm..
Macroclinium aurorae Dodson
Macroclinium aurorae Dodson

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Bennett 3479* (MO!)
Macroclinium chasei Dodson & Bennett
Macroclinium chasei Dodson & Bennett

Ecology. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Bennett & Chase 4092 (MO!)
Macroclinium coffeicolum (Schltr.) Dodson
Macroclinium coffeicolum (Schltr.) Dodson
Synonyms: Macroclinium coffeicolum Schltr.

Reference: Dodson, pers. comm..
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Koehler s.n.*
Macroclinium hirtzii Dodson
Macroclinium hirtzii Dodson

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Macroclinium mirabile (C. Schweinf.) Dodson

Macroclinium mirabile (C. Schweinf.) Dodson
Synonyms: Macroclinium mirabile C. Schweinf.

Reference: Dodson, C. H. & P. M. Dodson, 1984: 938; Christenson, pers. comm.;
Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Macroclinium villenaorum Bennett
Macroclinium villenaorum Bennett
Reference: Bennett Jr., D. E., 1992: 80.

Voucher: Bennett 4978* (USM)
Macroclinium wullschlaegelianum (Focke) Dodson
Macroclinium wullschlaegelianum (Focke) Dodson
Synonyms: Macroclinium wullschlaegelianum Focke

Reference: Christenson, per. comm.; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Macrocnemum cinchonoides (Wedd.) Wedd.
Macrocnemum cinchonoides (Wedd.) Wedd.
Synonyms: Macrocnemum cinchonoides Wedd.

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Region uncertain: forests. .
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. The Flora of Peru suggests
that this may be merely a variant of M. roseum, not worthy of specific rank.
Voucher: Weddell 4349* (P)
Departments: Puno.
$
Macrocnemum coccineum Vahl
Macrocnemum coccineum Vahl = Warszewiczia coccinea (Vahl) Klotzsch
Reference: FP 1365: 59; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 331.
Macrocnemum corymbosum Ruiz & Pav.
Macrocnemum corymbosum Ruiz & Pav. = Condaminea corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Macrocnemum glabratum Bartl. ex DC.
Macrocnemum glabratum Bartl. ex DC. = Condaminea glabrata DC.
Macrocnemum microcarpum Ruiz & Pav.
Macrocnemum microcarpum Ruiz & Pav. = Condaminea microcarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Macrocnemum obovatum Ruiz ex Standl.
Macrocnemum obovatum Ruiz ex Standl. = Bathysa obovata (Ruiz) Schumann ex Standley
Macrocnemum pilosinervium Standl.

Macrocnemum pilosinervium Standl.

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. .
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. The Flora of Peru suggests
that this may be merely a variant of M. roseum, not worthy of specific rank.
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (F)
Macrocnemum roseum (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd.
Macrocnemum roseum (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd.
Synonyms: Macrocnemum roseum (Ruiz & Pav.) Don, Macrocnemum roseum Pavon ex Weddell
pro syn., Macrocnemum roseum Ruiz & Pav., Macrocnemum roseum Ruiz ex Vitman,
Macrocnemum roseum Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 35; Standley, P. C., 1931: 273.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests on white
sand, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G photo F!), Smith & Foster 2489 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios,
Pasco, San Martín, Ucayali.
Macrocnemum sprucei Rusby
Macrocnemum sprucei Rusby = Macrocnemum roseum (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd.
Macrocnemum tinctorium Kunth
Macrocnemum tinctorium Kunth = Simira rubescens (Benth.) Bremek. ex Steyerm.
Macrocnemum venosum Ruiz & Pav.
Macrocnemum venosum Ruiz & Pav. = Condaminea venosa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Macroditassa adnata (E. Fourn.) Malme
Macroditassa adnata (E. Fourn.) Malme
Synonyms: Macroditassa adnata E. Fourn.

Reference: Malme, G., 1927: 10.
Ecology: Native vine. Region uncertain: shrublands. .
Macroditassa violascens (Schltr.) Malme
Macroditassa violascens (Schltr.) Malme = Ditassa violascens Schltr.
Macrolobium acaciifolium (Benth.) Benth.
Macrolobium acaciifolium (Benth.) Benth.
Synonyms: Macrolobium acaciifolium (Benth.) Baill., Macrolobium acaciifolium

(Benth.) Kuntze, Macrolobium acaciifolium Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 136; Cowan, R. S., 1953: 282; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz,
P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 299.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-
1000 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, Pasco.
Macrolobium angustifolium (Benth.) R.S. Cowan
Macrolobium angustifolium (Benth.) R.S. Cowan

Synonyms: Macrolobium angustifolium (Miq.) Benth., Macrolobium angustifolium
Benth., Macrolobium angustifolium Miq.
Reference: Cowan, R. S., 1953: 314.
Voucher: Gentry et al. 26208 (MO!, USM!)
Macrolobium arenarium Ducke
Macrolobium arenarium Ducke

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Macrolobium bifolium (Aubl.) Pers.
Macrolobium bifolium (Aubl.) Pers.
Synonyms: Macrolobium bifolium (Aubl.) J. St. Hilaire, Macrolobium bifolium Aubl.,

Macrolobium bifolium J. Gmelin
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 137; Cowan, R. S., 1953: 310.
Macrolobium chrysostachyum (Miq.) Benth.
Macrolobium chrysostachyum (Miq.) Benth. = Macrolobium angustifolium (Benth.) R.S.

Cowan
Reference: FP 21: 138; Cowan, R. S., 1953: 314.
Macrolobium debile Ducke
Macrolobium debile Ducke = Macrolobium gracile var. debile (Ducke) R.S. Cowan
Macrolobium gracile Spruce ex Benth.
Macrolobium gracile Spruce ex Benth.
Macrolobium gracile Spruce ex Benth. var.gracile
Macrolobium gracile Spruce ex Benth. var. gracile
Synonyms: Macrolobium gracile gracile (Spruce ex Benth.) Kuntze, Macrolobium

gracile gracile (Spruce ex Benth.) Taub.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand, riversides. 0-
1000 m.
Voucher: Knapp 8082 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Macrolobium gracile var.debile (Ducke) R.S. Cowan
Macrolobium gracile var. debile (Ducke) R.S. Cowan
Synonyms: Macrolobium gracile debile Ducke

Voucher: Schunke 6761 (F, USM!)
Macrolobium ischnocalyx Harms
Macrolobium ischnocalyx Harms

Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 4265* (F), Klug 3046 (MO!)
Macrolobium klugii R.S. Cowan
Macrolobium klugii R.S. Cowan

Voucher: Klug 1353* (US)
Macrolobium limbatum Spruce ex Benth.
Macrolobium limbatum Spruce ex Benth.
Macrolobium limbatum Spruce ex Benth. var.limbatum
Macrolobium limbatum Spruce ex Benth. var. limbatum
Synonyms: Macrolobium limbatum limbatum (Poepp.) Kuntze, Macrolobium limbatum

limbatum (Poepp.) R.S. Cowan, Macrolobium limbatum limbatum (Spruce ex Benth.)
Taub., Macrolobium limbatum limbatum Poepp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 139; Cowan, R. S., 1953: 308; Cowan, R. S., 1955: 113.
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco.
Macrolobium limbatum var.mucronatum (R.S. Cowan) R.S. Cowan
Macrolobium limbatum var. mucronatum (R.S. Cowan) R.S. Cowan
Synonyms: Macrolobium limbatum var. mucronatum R.S. Cowan

Reference: Cowan, R. S., 1955: 113; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz
de Ortega, 1989: 302.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Note: In Spichiger et al. (1989: 302) as M. unifugum var. mucronatum.
Voucher: Jenaro Herrera Arboretum 1/113 (G)
Macrolobium limbatum var.propinquum R.S. Cowan
Macrolobium limbatum var. propinquum R.S. Cowan

Macrolobium machaerioides Killip & J.F. Macbr.
Macrolobium machaerioides Killip & J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 547* (US), Tessmann 4157 (NY)
Macrolobium microcalyx Ducke
Macrolobium microcalyx Ducke

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
Macrolobium multijugum (DC.) Benth.
Macrolobium multijugum (DC.) Benth.

$
Macrolobium multijugum (DC.) Benth. var.multijugum
Macrolobium multijugum (DC.) Benth. var. multijugum
Synonyms: Macrolobium multijugum multijugum (DC.) Kuntze, Macrolobium multijugum

multijugum (DC.) Taub., Macrolobium multijugum multijugum DC.
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 22273 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Ucayali.
Macrolobium punctatum Spruce ex Benth.
Macrolobium punctatum Spruce ex Benth.
Synonyms: Macrolobium punctatum (Spruce ex Benth.) Kuntze, Macrolobium punctatum

(Spruce ex Benth.) Taub.
Voucher: Croat 20216 (MO!, USM!)
Macrolobium stenocladum Harms
Macrolobium stenocladum Harms

Voucher: Tessmann 4091* (G), Kujikat 88 (MO!)
Macrolobium taylorii D.R. Simpson
Macrolobium taylorii D.R. Simpson

Reference: Simpson, D. R., 1975: 312.
Voucher: Mathias & Taylor 5000* (F)
Macrolobium unijugum (Poepp.) R.S. Cowan
Macrolobium unijugum (Poepp.) R.S. Cowan = Macrolobium limbatum Spruce ex Benth.

var. limbatum

Note: nom. illeg., Not M. unigugum Pellegrin.
Macrolobium unijugum var. mucronatum R.S. Cowan
Macrolobium unijugum var. mucronatum R.S. Cowan = Macrolobium limbatum var.

mucronatum (R.S. Cowan) R.S. Cowan
Reference: Cowan, R. S., 1953: 308; Cowan, R. S., 1955: 113.
Macrolobium vuapa J. Gmelin
Macrolobium vuapa J. Gmelin = Macrolobium bifolium (Aubl.) Pers.
Macromeria cinerascens A. DC.
Macromeria cinerascens A. DC. = Lithospermum cinerascens (A. DC.) I.M. Johnst.
Macropharynx fistulosa Rusby

Macropharynx fistulosa Rusby = Macropharynx spectabilis (Stadelmeyer) Woodson
Macropharynx spectabilis (Stadelmeyer) Woodson
Macropharynx spectabilis (Stadelmeyer) Woodson
Synonyms: Macropharynx spectabilis Rusby, Macropharynx spectabilis Stadelmeyer

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San Martín,
Ucayali.
Macroptilium atropurpureum (Moç. & Sessé ex DC.) Urb.
Synonyms: Macroptilium atropurpureum (M. Martens & Galeotti) Hassl., Macroptilium

atropurpureum Hassl., Macroptilium atropurpureum Hook., Macroptilium atropurpureum
M. Martens & Galeotti, Macroptilium atropurpureum Moç. & Sessé ex DC.
Reference: Marechal, R., J.-M. Mascherpa & F. Stainier, 1978: 153; Duke, J. A.,
1981: 141.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 2760 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima, La Libertad,
San Martín, Ucayali.
Macroptilium bracteatum (Nees & C. Mart.) Marechal & Baudet
Macroptilium bracteatum (Nees & C. Mart.) Marechal & Baudet
Synonyms: Macroptilium bracteatum Nees & C. Mart.

Reference: Marechal, R., J.-M. Mascherpa & F. Stainier, 1978: 154.
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui & Mostacero 10440 (MO!)
Departments: Lambayeque, La Libertad.
$
Macroptilium erythroloma (C. Martius ex Benth.) Urb.
Macroptilium erythroloma (C. Martius ex Benth.) Urb.
Synonyms: Macroptilium erythroloma C. Martius ex Benth.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: shrublands. 500-2500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Lambayeque.
Macroptilium gibbosifolium (Ortega) A. Delgado
Macroptilium gibbosifolium (Ortega) A. Delgado
Synonyms: Macroptilium gibbosifolium (Willd.) Marechal & Baudet, Macroptilium

gibbosifolium Ortega, Macroptilium gibbosifolium Piper, Macroptilium gibbosifolium
Willd.
Reference: Delgado S., A., 1981: 295.
Macroptilium heterophyllum (Willd.) Marechal & Baudet
Macroptilium heterophyllum (Willd.) Marechal & Baudet = Macroptilium gibbosifolium

(Ortega) A. Delgado
Reference: Marechal, R., J.-M. Mascherpa & F. Stainier, 1978: 156; Delgado S., A.,
1981: 295.
Note: NN
Macroptilium lathyroides (L.) Urb.
Macroptilium lathyroides (L.) Urb.
Synonyms: Macroptilium lathyroides L.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui 10933 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto,
La Libertad, Piura, San Martín, Ucayali.
Macroptilium longepedunculatum (C. Mart. ex Benth.) Urb.
Macroptilium longepedunculatum (C. Mart. ex Benth.) Urb.
Synonyms: Macroptilium longepedunculatum C. Mart. ex Benth., Macroptilium

longepedunculatum C. Mart. ex Benth.
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Cerrate 5227 (USM!)
Departments: Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes.
Macrosamanea basijuga (Ducke) Dugand
Macrosamanea basijuga (Ducke) Dugand = Marmaroxylon basijugum (Ducke) L. Rico
Reference: Rico-Arce, M. de L., 1991: 515.
Macrosamanea discolor (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Britton & Rose ex Britton &
Killip
Macrosamanea discolor (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Britton & Rose ex Britton & Killip
Synonyms: Macrosamanea discolor (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) J. F. Macbr,

Macrosamanea discolor (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir., Macrosamanea discolor
(Kunth) Benth., Macrosamanea discolor (Kunth) Pittier, Macrosamanea discolor Humb.
& Bonpl. ex Willd., Macrosamanea discolor Kunth
Macrosamanea pedicellaris (DC.) Kleinhoonte
Macrosamanea pedicellaris (DC.) Kleinhoonte

Synonyms: Macrosamanea pedicellaris (DC.) Benth., Macrosamanea pedicellaris (DC.)
Killip ex Record, Macrosamanea pedicellaris DC.
Reference: Lewis, G. P., 1987: 165.
Note: Proposed for treatment under Albizia by Barneby & Grimes (pers. comm.).
Voucher: Díaz 1678 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, Ucayali.
Macrosamanea spruceana (Benth.) Killip ex Record
Macrosamanea spruceana (Benth.) Killip ex Record
Synonyms: Macrosamanea spruceana Benth.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 63; Rico, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, seasonally
Voucher: McDaniel 16312 (MO!)
Macroscepis aurea E. Fourn.
Macroscepis aurea E. Fourn.
Reference: Meyer, T., 1944: 216.

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Macroscepis retusa Markgr.
Macroscepis retusa Markgr.
Reference: Markgraf, F., 1933: 787.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B destroyed)
$
Macrostegia ruiziana Nees
Macrostegia ruiziana Nees = Vitex triflora var. triflora
Reference: FP 1286: 697; Moldenke, H. N., 1958: 156.
Mahurea duckei Huber
Mahurea duckei Huber = Mahurea exstipulata subsp. duckei (Huber) Kubitzki
Reference: Kubitzki, K., 1978: 138.
Mahurea exstipulata subsp.duckei (Huber) Kubitzki
Mahurea exstipulata subsp. duckei (Huber) Kubitzki
Synonyms: Mahurea exstipulata duckei Huber

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-
500 m.
Voucher: Vásquez 9774 (MO!)
Maieta dentata (Triana) Cogn.
Maieta dentata (Triana) Cogn. = Clidemia sprucei Gleason
Maieta dependens Baill.
Maieta dependens Baill. = Clidemia capitellata var. dependens (Pav. ex D. Don) J.F.
Macbr.

$
Maieta guianensis Aubl.
Maieta guianensis Aubl.
Maieta guianensis Aubl. var.guianensis
Maieta guianensis Aubl. var. guianensis
Synonyms: Maieta guianensis guianensis Cogn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 478; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 312.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28407 (US!)
Pasco, Puno, San Martín.
Maieta guianensis var.leticiana Whiffin
Maieta guianensis var. leticiana Whiffin
Reference: Whiffin, T., 1971: 326.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 17062 (USM!)
Maieta guianensis var. peruviana (Cogn.) Ule
Maieta guianensis var. peruviana (Cogn.) Ule = ?
Reference: Whiffin, T., 1971: 328.
Maieta heterophylla DC.

Maieta heterophylla DC. = Clidemia heterophylla (Desr. in Lamarck) Gleason
Maieta juruensis Pilg.
Maieta juruensis Pilg. = Clidemia juruensis (Pilg.) Gleason
Maieta pilosa (D. Don) Baill.
Maieta pilosa (D. Don) Baill. = Clidemia pilosa D. Don
Maieta poeppigii Mart. ex Cogn.
Maieta poeppigii Mart. ex Cogn.

Voucher: Maas et al. 5994 (US!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín,
Ucayali.
Maieta tococoidea (DC.) Cogn.
Maieta tococoidea (DC.) Cogn. = Clidemia tococoidea (DC.) Gleason

Note: NN
Maizilla stolonifera (Bosc) Schltdl.

Maizilla stolonifera (Bosc) Schltdl. = Paspalum racemosum Lam.
Reference: FP 719: 217; Mostacero, I., 1976: 48.
Malache scabra Vogel in Trew
Malache scabra Vogel in Trew = Pavonia spicata Cav.
Reference: FP 1302: 467; Robyns, A., 1966: 536.

Note: NN
Malachra alceifolia Jacq.
Malachra alceifolia Jacq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 458; Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 263; Fryxell, P. A., 1992:
62.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas,
forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Huánuco, Junín, Lambayeque, Lima,
Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Malachra capitata (L.) L.
Malachra capitata (L.) L.
Synonyms: Malachra capitata L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 459; Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 265.
Note: Not known from Peru. The specimen cited in Flora of Peru was redetermined
as M. ruderalis (Krapovickas, pers. comm.).
Malachra fasciata Jacq.

Malachra fasciata Jacq.
63.
Malachra poeppigii Gurke
Malachra poeppigii Gurke = Malachra ruderalis Gürke
Reference: FP 1302: 459; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 64.

Note: nom. illeg.
Malachra radiata (L.) L.
Malachra radiata (L.) L.
Synonyms: Malachra radiata L.

Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 269.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-500 m.
Malachra ruderalis Gürke
Malachra ruderalis Gürke
Synonyms: Malachra ruderalis Gurke

64.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests,
rocky slopes, seasonally inundated areas, swamps. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2232* (W, B photo F!), Zúniga & Whitcomb 9 (USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, La Libertad, Loreto, Madre de Dios,
Malachra rudis Benth.

Malachra rudis Benth.

Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Malacocarpus islayensis (Foerster) Britton & Rose
Malacocarpus islayensis (Foerster) Britton & Rose = Neoporteria islayensis

(Foerster) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1922: 201; Ritter, F., 1981: 1299.
Malanea boliviana Standl.
Malanea boliviana Standl.

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests,
riversides, swamps. 0-2000 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Malanea sarmentosa Aubl.
Malanea sarmentosa Aubl.
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 840.

Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tunqui 304 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto.
Malaxis andicola (Ridl.) Kuntze

Malaxis andicola (Ridl.) Kuntze
Synonyms: Malaxis andicola Ridl.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: shrublands. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Smith & Goodwin 8819 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash.
Malaxis andicola var. elata (C. Schweinfurth) C. Schweinf.
Malaxis andicola var. elata (C. Schweinfurth) C. Schweinf. = Malaxis termensis var.
elata C. Schweinf.
Malaxis calycina (Lindl.) Kuntze
Malaxis calycina (Lindl.) Kuntze = Malaxis carnosa (Kunth) C. Schweinf.
Malaxis carnosa (Kunth) C. Schweinf.
Malaxis carnosa (Kunth) C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Malaxis carnosa (Lindl.) Kuntze, Malaxis carnosa (Lindl.) Ridl., Malaxis
carnosa Kunth, Malaxis carnosa Lindl., Malaxis carnosa Pavon ex Lindl., Malaxis
carnosa Pavon ex Ridley
Malaxis caudata Willd.
Malaxis caudata Willd. = Brassia caudata (L.) Lindl.

Malaxis excavata (Lindl.) Kuntze
Malaxis excavata (Lindl.) Kuntze
Synonyms: Malaxis excavata (Rchb. f.) Kuntze, Malaxis excavata Lindl., Malaxis
excavata Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1467: 369; Franquemont, C., T. Plowman, E. Franquemont, S.
R. King, C. Niezgoda, W. Davis & C. R. Sperling, 1990: 88; Dodson, pers. comm..
Malaxis fastigiata (Rchb. f.) Kuntze
Malaxis fastigiata (Rchb. f.) Kuntze
Synonyms: Malaxis fastigiata Pavon ex Ridley, Malaxis fastigiata Rchb. f.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II-III: riversides. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Tupayachi 1107 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Malaxis hastilabia (Rchb. f.) Kuntze
Malaxis hastilabia (Rchb. f.) Kuntze = Malaxis excavata (Lindl.) Kuntze
Malaxis liparidioides (Finet) C. Schweinf.
Malaxis liparidioides (Finet) C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Malaxis liparidioides Finet

Malaxis parthonii Morren
Malaxis parthonii Morren
Synonyms: Malaxis parthonii (Morren) Rchb. f.

Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. .
Malaxis rupestris (Poeppig & Endlicher) Kuntze
Malaxis rupestris (Poeppig & Endlicher) Kuntze
Synonyms: Malaxis rupestris Poepp. & Endl.

Voucher: Poeppig 1656*
Malaxis termensis (Kraenzl.) C. Schweinf.
Malaxis termensis (Kraenzl.) C. Schweinf.
Malaxis termensis var.elata C. Schweinf.
Malaxis termensis var. elata C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Malaxis termensis var. elata (C. Schweinfurth) C. Schweinf.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Hodge 6152* , Núñez et al. 7005 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco.
$
Malaxis termensis var.termensis
Malaxis termensis var. termensis
Synonyms: Malaxis termensis termensis Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1467: 372; 1510: 33; Dodson, pers. comm..
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, La Libertad.
Malaxis ventricosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze
Malaxis ventricosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze
Synonyms: Malaxis ventricosa Poepp. & Endl.

Malesherbia angustisecta Harms
Malesherbia angustisecta Harms
Reference: Flora Peru: 738: 86; Ricardi, M., 1967: 62.

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7179* (F), Metcalf 30345 (US)
Malesherbia ardens J.F. Macbr.
Malesherbia ardens J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II: dry valleys, rocky slopes,
Voucher: Weberbauer 7436a* (F), Dillon & Dillon 3661 (MO!)
Malesherbia arequipensis Ricardi
Malesherbia arequipensis Ricardi
Reference: Ricardi, M., 1967: 110.

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean I, Coastal: dry valleys, lomas, rocky slopes. 0-
1500 m.
Voucher: Angulo s.n.* (CONC), Ferreyra 11673 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua.
Malesherbia cylindrostachya Urb. & Gilg
Malesherbia cylindrostachya Urb. & Gilg = Malesherbia tubulosa (Cavanilles) J. St.

Hilaire
Malesherbia galjufii J.F. Macbr.
Malesherbia galjufii J.F. Macbr. = Malesherbia weberbaueri var. galjufii (J.F.

Macbr.) Ricardi
Reference: FP 738: 87; Ricardi, M., 1967: 44.
Malesherbia haemantha Harms
Malesherbia haemantha Harms

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-
2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7181* (B photo F), Hutchison 1278 (UC)
Malesherbia scarlatiflora Gilg
Malesherbia scarlatiflora Gilg

Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1000-3000
m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5411* (F), Hutchison & Saravia 7108 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Huancavelica, Lima.
Malesherbia splendens Ricardi
Malesherbia splendens Ricardi

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3000
m.
Voucher: Saunders 792* (CONC), Cerrate 1647 (USM)
Departments: Lima.
Malesherbia thyrsiflora Ruiz & Pav.
Malesherbia thyrsiflora Ruiz & Pav. = Malesherbia tubulosa (Cavanilles) J. St.

Hilaire
Reference: FP 738: 89; Ricardi, M., 1967: 44.
Malesherbia tubulosa (Cavanilles) J. St. Hilaire
Malesherbia tubulosa (Cavanilles) J. St. Hilaire
Synonyms: Malesherbia tubulosa Cav., Malesherbia tubulosa Ruiz & Pav., Malesherbia
tubulosa Urb. & Gilg
Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 500-2500
m.
Note: Flora of Peru cites "J. F. Macbride" as the combining author.
Voucher: Ne\4e s.n.* (MA), Ferreyra 9002 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.
Malesherbia turbinea J.F. Macbr.
Malesherbia turbinea J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7364* (F)
Departments: Tacna.
Malesherbia weberbaueri Gilg
Malesherbia weberbaueri Gilg
Malesherbia weberbaueri var.galjufii (J.F. Macbr.) Ricardi
Malesherbia weberbaueri var. galjufii (J.F. Macbr.) Ricardi
Synonyms: Malesherbia weberbaueri galjufii J.F. Macbr.

Malesherbia weberbaueri var.weberbaueri
Malesherbia weberbaueri var. weberbaueri

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3000
m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5672* (F), Tovar 4881 (USM)
Mallostoma confertum (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks.
Mallostoma confertum (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks. = Arcytophyllum
filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.
Mallostoma filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks.
Mallostoma filiforme (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks. = Arcytophyllum
Mallostoma juniperifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks.
Mallostoma juniperifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks. =
Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.
Mallostoma setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks.
Mallostoma setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks. = Arcytophyllum
setosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Schltdl.
Mallostoma thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks.
Mallostoma thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks. =
Arcytophyllum thymifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.
Malmea cuspidata Diels
Malmea cuspidata Diels

Malmea diclina R.E. Fr.
Malmea diclina R.E. Fr.
Reference: Maas, P. J. M., E. A. Mennega & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1987: 88.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Gentry 43579 (MO!)
Malmea dielsiana Saff. ex R.E. Fries
Malmea dielsiana Saff. ex R.E. Fries
Synonyms: Malmea dielsiana Saff. ex Diels

Ecology: shrub, tree. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ule 10P* (B), Schunke 8920 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Malmea lucida Diels

Malmea lucida Diels

Note:
Malmea pachiteae D.R. Simpson
Malmea pachiteae D.R. Simpson

Voucher: Schunke 1294* (MO!)
Malmea peruviana R.E. Fr.
Malmea peruviana R.E. Fr.
Reference: Fries, R. E., 1947: 10.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Asplund 12576* (W)
Malmea raimondii (Diels) R.E. Fr.
Malmea raimondii (Diels) R.E. Fr.
Synonyms: Malmea raimondii Diels

Voucher: Raimondi 1974* (B photo MO!), Schunke 1303 (MO!)
$
Malmea xanthochlora (Diels) R.E. Fr.
Malmea xanthochlora (Diels) R.E. Fr.
Synonyms: Malmea xanthochlora Diels

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 4553* (B)
Malocchia ensiformis (L.) Savi
Malocchia ensiformis (L.) Savi = Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.
Reference: Sauer, J., 1964:.
Malope parviflora L'Heritier
Malope parviflora L'Heritier = Palaua malvifolia Cav.
Malouetia amplexicaulis Spruce ex Muell. Arg.
Malouetia amplexicaulis Spruce ex Muell. Arg.
Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E., 1935: 261.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Malouetia flavescens (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Müll. Arg.

Malouetia flavescens (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Müll. Arg.
Synonyms: Malouetia flavescens Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas.
0-500 m.
Malouetia furfuracea Spruce ex Müll. Arg.
Malouetia furfuracea Spruce ex Müll. Arg. = Malouetia tamaquarina var.

tamaquarina
Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E., 1935: 254; Endress, pers. comm..
Malouetia killipii Woodson
Malouetia killipii Woodson

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas.
0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29860* (MO!), Solomon 3429 (MO!)
Malouetia naias M. E. Endress
Malouetia naias M. E. Endress
Reference: Endress, M. E., 1989: 1143.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Malouetia peruviana Woodson

Malouetia peruviana Woodson = Malouetia tamaquarina var. tamaquarina
Reference: FP 1343: 431; Woodson Jr., R. E., 1935: 259; Endress, pers. comm..
Malouetia quadricasarum Woodson
Malouetia quadricasarum Woodson

Malouetia tamaquarina (Aubl.) A. DC.
Malouetia tamaquarina (Aubl.) A. DC.
Malouetia tamaquarina var.lancifolia Müll. Arg.
Malouetia tamaquarina var. lancifolia Müll. Arg.
Reference: E. M. Endress, pers. comm..

0-500 m.
Note: Treated as a synonym of the species by Woodson (1935).
Malouetia tamaquarina var.tamaquarina
Malouetia tamaquarina var. tamaquarina
Synonyms: Malouetia tamaquarina tamaquarina Aubl., Malouetia tamaquarina

tamaquarina Spruce ex Müll. Arg., Malouetia tamaquarina tamaquarina Woodson
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: van der Werff 10075 (MO!)
Malouetia tetrastachya (Kunth) Miers
Malouetia tetrastachya (Kunth) Miers = Tabernaemontana siphilitica (L. f.)

Leeuwenb.
Reference: FP 1343: 411; van Beek, T. A., R. Verpoorte, A. Baerheim Svendsen, A. J.

M. Leeuwenberg & N. G. Bisset, 1984: 17.
Malpighia argentea Jacq.
Malpighia argentea Jacq. = Bunchosia argentea (Jacq.) DC.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 580.
Malpighia armeniaca Cav.
Malpighia armeniaca Cav. = Bunchosia armeniaca (Cav.) DC.
Reference: FP 665: 857; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 587.
Malpighia coccigera L.
Malpighia coccigera L.
Malpighia coriacea Sw.
Malpighia coriacea Sw. = Byrsonima coriacea (Sw.) DC.

Note: NN
Malpighia crassifolia L.
Malpighia crassifolia L. = Byrsonima crassifolia var. crassifolia
Reference: FP 665: 866; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 607; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 91.
Note: NN
Malpighia densa Poir.
Malpighia densa Poir. = Byrsonima densa (Poir.) DC.

Note: NN
Malpighia emarginata Sessé & Moç. ex DC.
Malpighia emarginata Sessé & Moç. ex DC.
Reference: Vivaldi, J. L., 1981: 903.

Ecology: Cultivated shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
Malpighia glabra L.
Malpighia glabra L.
Synonyms: Malpighia glabra L., Malpighia glabra Moricand, Malpighia glabra Pavon ex
Adr. Jussieu
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 853; Vivaldi, J. L., 1979: 128; Vivaldi, J. L., 1981:
904.
Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Dillon & Dillon 3902 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Loreto, Moquegua, San Martín.
$
Malpighia glandulifera Jacq.
Malpighia glandulifera Jacq. = Bunchosia glandulifera (Jacq.) Kunth
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 582; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 278.
Malpighia glandulosa Cav.
Malpighia glandulosa Cav. = Bunchosia glandulosa (Cav.) DC.

Note: NN
Malpighia lucida Pavon ex Adr. Jussieu
Malpighia lucida Pavon ex Adr. Jussieu = Malpighia glabra L.
Reference: FP 665: 853; Vivaldi, J. L., 1981: 905.
Malpighia maritima Vell.
Malpighia maritima Vell. = Bunchosia maritima (Vell. Conc.) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: FP 665: 860; Dobson III, F. H., 1976: 157.

Note: NN
Malpighia media Aiton
Malpighia media Aiton = Bunchosia media (Aiton) DC.

Note: NN
$
Malpighia mexicana A. Juss.
Malpighia mexicana A. Juss.
Synonyms: Malpighia mexicana Pavon ex Moricand

Reference: Vivaldi, J. L., 1979: 157.
Malpighia obovata Kunth
Malpighia obovata Kunth = Hiraea reclinata Jacq.
Reference: FP 665: 796; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 406.
Malpighia peruviana Moricand
Malpighia peruviana Moricand = Malpighia glabra L.
Malpighia phlomoides Sprengel
Malpighia phlomoides Sprengel = Tetrapterys phlomoides (Sprengel) Nied.

Note: NN
Malpighia punicifolia L.
Malpighia punicifolia L. = Malpighia glabra L.

$
Malpighia spicata Cav.
Malpighia spicata Cav. = Byrsonima spicata (Cav.) Kunth
Malpighia ternifolia Kunth
Malpighia ternifolia Kunth = Hiraea ternifolia var. ternifolia

Note: NN
Malpighia tomentosa Pavon ex Moricand
Malpighia tomentosa Pavon ex Moricand = Malpighia mexicana A. Juss.

Note: NN
Malpighiodes benthamiana (Griseb.) Nied.
Malpighiodes benthamiana (Griseb.) Nied. = Mascagnia benthamiana (Griseb.) W.R.

Anderson
Reference: Anderson, W. R., 1981: 217.
Malus communis Poir.
Malus communis Poir. = Malus domestica Borkhausen
Reference: FP 635: 1063; Phipps, J. B., K. R. Robertson, & P. G. Smith, 1990: 2234.
$
Malus domestica Borkhausen
Malus domestica Borkhausen
Synonyms: Malus domestica (Miller) K. Koch non Neumann ex Tausch, Malus domestica
Mill., Malus domestica Poir.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1063; Bailey, L. & E. Bailey, 1976: 701; Phipps, J. B.,
K. R. Robertson, & P. G. Smith, 1990: 2234.
Ecology: Cultivated shrub, tree. Andean I, Coastal: forests. 0-1500 m.
Note: The cultivated apple was treated as Malus communis Poiret in the Flora of
Peru.
Voucher: Medina 20 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima.
Malus pumila Mill.
Malus pumila Mill. = Malus domestica Borkhausen
Reference: Phipps, J. B., K. R. Robertson, & P. G. Smith, 1990: 2234.

Note: sensu auct.
Malva acaulis Dombey ex Cavanilles
Malva acaulis Dombey ex Cavanilles = Acaulimalva acaulis (Dombey ex Cavanilles)

Krapovickas
Reference: FP 1302: 512; Krapovickas, A., 1974: 15.
Malva americana L.
Malva americana L. = Malvastrum americanum var. americanum
Reference: FP 1302: 514; Hill, S. R., 1982: 187; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 71.
Malva capitata Cav.

Malva capitata Cav. = Tarasa capitata (Cav.) Bates
Reference: Hill, S. R., 1982: 377.
Malva caroliniana L.
Malva caroliniana L. = Modiola caroliniana (L.) G. Don
Reference: FP 1302: 505; Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 306; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 80.
Note: NN
Malva chilensis Braun
Malva chilensis Braun = Urocarpidium chilense (Braun) Krapovickas
Malva coromandeliana L.
Malva coromandeliana L. = Malvastrum coromandelianum subsp. coromandelianum
Malva costata C. Presl
Malva costata C. Presl = Urocarpidium limense (L.) Krapov.
Malva echinata C. Presl
Malva echinata C. Presl = Urocarpidium echinatum (C. Presl) Krapovickas

Malva haenkeana Presl
Malva haenkeana Presl = Urocarpidium peruvianum (Gray) Krapov.
Malva hornshuchiana Walpers
Malva hornshuchiana Walpers = Tarasa hornschuchiana (Walpers) Krapovickas
Reference: FP 1302: 519; Krapovickas, A., 1954: 139; Hill, S. R., 1982: 389.
Malva leprosa Ortega
Malva leprosa Ortega = Malvella leprosa (Ortega) Krapovickas
Malva limensis L.
Malva limensis L. = Urocarpidium limense (L.) Krapov.
Malva malvifolia Griseb.
Malva malvifolia Griseb. = ?

$
Malva mathewsii Turcz.
Malva mathewsii Turcz. = Urocarpidium peruvianum (Gray) Krapov.
Reference: FP 1302: 520; Díaz C., I. A., 1970: 142; Fryxell, P. A. & A.
Krapovickas, 1990: 177.
Malva multicaulis Schlechtendal ex Britton pro syn
Malva multicaulis Schlechtendal ex Britton pro syn = Tarasa tenella (Cav.)

Krapovickas
Malva nubigena Wedd.
Malva nubigena Wedd. = Acaulimalva nubigena (Walpers) Krapovickas
Malva operculata Cav.
Malva operculata Cav. = Tarasa operculata (Cav.) Krapovickas
Reference: FP 1302: 521; Hill, S. R., 1982: 396.
Malva oriastrum Wedd.
Malva oriastrum Wedd. = Acaulimalva oriastrum (Wedd.) Krapovickas
$
Malva parnassiaefolia (Hooker) Wedd.
Malva parnassiaefolia (Hooker) Wedd. = Acaulimalva parnassiaefolia (Hooker) Krapov.
Reference: FP 1302: 521; Krapovickas, A., 1974: 25; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 21.
Malva parnassiaefolia var. lobulata Wedd.
Malva parnassiaefolia var. lobulata Wedd. = Acaulimalva nubigena (Walpers)

Krapovickas
Malva parviflora L.
Malva parviflora L.
21.
Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III, Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-4000 m.
Voucher: Brunel 728 (MO!)

Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Junín, Lima.
Malva peruviana L.
Malva peruviana L. = Urocarpidium peruvianum (Gray) Krapov.
Malva peruvianum var. limense (L.) Baker f.
Malva peruvianum var. limense (L.) Baker f. = ?

$
Malva plumosa Presl
Malva plumosa Presl = Tarasa operculata (Cav.) Krapovickas
Malva polystachya Cav.
Malva polystachya Cav. = Malvastrum americanum var. americanum
Malva pygmaea (Remy) Wedd.
Malva pygmaea (Remy) Wedd. = Nototriche pygmaea (Remy) Hill
Malva rhizantha (Gray) Wedd.
Malva rhizantha (Gray) Wedd. = Acaulimalva rhizantha (Gray) Krapovickas
Malva richii (Gray) Wedd.
Malva richii (Gray) Wedd. = Acaulimalva richii (Gray) Krapovickas
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1974: 32.
$
Malva scabra Cav.
Malva scabra Cav. = Malvastrum tomentosum (L.) S.R. Hill subsp. tomentosum
Reference: FP 1302: 526; Hill, S. R., 1982: 211; , : 72.
Malva scoparia L'Heritier
Malva scoparia L'Heritier = Malvastrum tomentosum (L.) S.R. Hill subsp. tomentosum
Malva scorpioides Turcz.
Malva scorpioides Turcz. = Urocarpidium chilense (Braun) Krapovickas
Reference: FP 1302: 515; Hill, S. R., 1982: 399; Fryxell, P. A. & A. Krapovickas,
1990: 177.
Malva spicata L.
Malva spicata L. = Melochia spicata (L.) Fryxell
Malva sylvestris L.
Malva sylvestris L.
Reference: Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 278; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 69.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
$
Malva tenella Cav.
Malva tenella Cav. = Tarasa tenella (Cav.) Krapovickas
Malva tomentosa L.
Malva tomentosa L. = Malvastrum tomentosum (L.) S.R. Hill subsp. tomentosum
Reference: Hill, S. R., 1982: 211; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 72.
Malva verticillata L.
Malva verticillata L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 481; Dalby, D. H., 1968: 251.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Chanco 38 (USM!)
Departments: Huánuco, Lima.
Malvastrum acaule (Dombey ex Cavanilles) Gray
Malvastrum acaule (Dombey ex Cavanilles) Gray = Acaulimalva acaulis (Dombey ex

Cavanilles) Krapovickas
Malvastrum albertii (Phil.) Reiche
Malvastrum albertii (Phil.) Reiche = Tarasa albertii (Philippi) Reiche

Note: NN
$
Malvastrum alismatifolium Schumann & Hieronymus
Malvastrum alismatifolium Schumann & Hieronymus = Acaulimalva alismatifolia

(Schumann & Hieronymus) Krapovickas
Malvastrum americanum (L.) Torr.
Malvastrum americanum (L.) Torr.
Malvastrum americanum var.americanum
Malvastrum americanum var. americanum
Synonyms: Malvastrum americanum americanum Cav., Malvastrum americanum americanum

L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 514; Hill, S. R., 1982: 187; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 71.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas,

Voucher: López & Sagástegui 8758 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Junín, Lambayeque, Piura,
Tumbes.
Malvastrum anthemidifolium (Remy) Gray
Malvastrum anthemidifolium (Remy) Gray = Nototriche anthemidifolia (Remy) Hill
Malvastrum arequipense Johnst.
Malvastrum arequipense Johnst. = Urocarpidium albiflorum Ulbrich

Malvastrum aretioides Gray
Malvastrum aretioides Gray = Nototriche aretioides (Gray) Hill
Malvastrum bakerianum A.W. Hill
Malvastrum bakerianum A.W. Hill = Acaulimalva engleriana (Ulbrich) Krapovickas
Malvastrum bakerianum fo. hirsutissimum R.E. Fr.
Malvastrum bakerianum fo. hirsutissimum R.E. Fr. = Acaulimalva engleriana (Ulbrich)

Krapovickas
Malvastrum bakerianum var. strigosum Hill
Malvastrum bakerianum var. strigosum Hill = Acaulimalva engleriana (Ulbrich)

Krapovickas
Malvastrum betonicaefolium Hill
Malvastrum betonicaefolium Hill = Acaulimalva betonicaefolia (Hill) Krapovickas

$
Malvastrum borussicum (Meyen) Wedd.
Malvastrum borussicum (Meyen) Wedd. = Nototriche borussica (Meyen) Hill
Malvastrum capitatum (Cav.) Griseb.
Malvastrum capitatum (Cav.) Griseb. = Tarasa capitata (Cav.) Bates
Malvastrum castelnaeanum Wedd.
Malvastrum castelnaeanum Wedd. = Nototriche castelnaeana (Wedd.) Hill
Malvastrum cavanillesii A. Gray
Malvastrum cavanillesii A. Gray = Nototriche acaulis (Cav.) Krapovickas
Malvastrum condensatum Bak.f.
Malvastrum condensatum Bak.f. = Nototriche condensata (Bak.f.) Hill
$
Malvastrum congestiflorum Johnst.
Malvastrum congestiflorum Johnst. = Tarasa congestiflora (Johnst.) Krapovickas
Malvastrum copelandii Hieron.
Malvastrum copelandii Hieron. = Nototriche orbignyana (Wedd.) A.W. Hill
Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Gürke
Malvastrum coromandelianum (L.) Gürke
Malvastrum coromandelianum subsp.coromandelianum
Malvastrum coromandelianum subsp. coromandelianum
Synonyms: Malvastrum coromandelianum coromandelianum L.

riversides, shrublands. 0-2500 m.
Departments: Apurímac, Cuzco, Huánuco, Ica, Junín, Lambayeque,
Lima, La Libertad, Piura, San Martín.
Malvastrum crenatum A.W. Hill
Malvastrum crenatum A.W. Hill = Acaulimalva crenata (A.W. Hill) Krapovickas

$
Malvastrum depressum (Benth.) Svenson
Malvastrum depressum (Benth.) Svenson = Malvastrum tomentosum (L.) S.R. Hill subsp.
tomentosum
Malvastrum dimorphum J.T. Howell
Malvastrum dimorphum J.T. Howell = Malvastrum tomentosum (L.) S.R. Hill subsp.
tomentosum
Malvastrum dryadifolium Solms
Malvastrum dryadifolium Solms = Acaulimalva dryadifolia (Solms) Krapovickas
Malvastrum englerianum Ulbrich
Malvastrum englerianum Ulbrich = Acaulimalva engleriana (Ulbrich) Krapovickas
Malvastrum flabellatum Wedd.
Malvastrum flabellatum Wedd. = Nototriche flabellata (Wedd.) A.W. Hill
$
Malvastrum hauthalii Ulbrich
Malvastrum hauthalii Ulbrich = Acaulimalva dryadifolia (Solms) Krapovickas
Malvastrum hinkleyorum Johnst.
Malvastrum hinkleyorum Johnst. = Urocarpidium chilense (Braun) Krapovickas
Malvastrum hornschuchianum (Walpers) J.F. Macbr.
Malvastrum hornschuchianum (Walpers) J.F. Macbr. = Tarasa hornschuchiana (Walpers)

Krapovickas
Malvastrum jorgensenii Johnston
Malvastrum jorgensenii Johnston = Tarasa capitata (Cav.) Bates
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1954: 138; Krapovickas, pers. comm..
Malvastrum limense (L.) J. Ball
Malvastrum limense (L.) J. Ball = Urocarpidium limense (L.) Krapov.
Malvastrum lobulatum Weddell ex Mandon nom. nud.

Malvastrum lobulatum Weddell ex Mandon nom. nud. = Nototriche obcuneata (Bak.f.)
Hill
Malvastrum longirostre Wedd.
Malvastrum longirostre Wedd. = Nototriche longirostris (Wedd.) A.W. Hill
Malvastrum macleanii Gray
Malvastrum macleanii Gray = Nototriche macleanii (Gray) Hill
Malvastrum mandoni (Baker f.) J.F. Macbr.
Malvastrum mandoni (Baker f.) J.F. Macbr. = Tarasa mandonii (Baker f. ) Kearney
Malvastrum mandonianum Wedd.
Malvastrum mandonianum Wedd. = Nototriche mandoniana (Weddell) A.W. Hill
Malvastrum mollendoense Ulbrich
Malvastrum mollendoense Ulbrich = Palaua guentheri F. Bruns

Malvastrum multicaule Britton
Malvastrum multicaule Britton = Tarasa tenella (Cav.) Krapovickas
Malvastrum nototrichoides Hochreutiner
Malvastrum nototrichoides Hochreutiner = Tarasa nototrichoides (Hochreutiner)

Krapovickas
Malvastrum nubigenum (Walpers) Baker f.
Malvastrum nubigenum (Walpers) Baker f. = Acaulimalva nubigena (Walpers)

Krapovickas
Malvastrum nubigenum var. pinnatifidum R.E. Fr.
Malvastrum nubigenum var. pinnatifidum R.E. Fr. = Acaulimalva nubigena (Walpers)

Krapovickas
Malvastrum obcuneatum Bak.f.
Malvastrum obcuneatum Bak.f. = Nototriche obcuneata (Bak.f.) Hill

$
Malvastrum operculatum (Cavanilles) Hochreutiner
Malvastrum operculatum (Cavanilles) Hochreutiner = Tarasa operculata (Cav.)

Krapovickas
Malvastrum operculatum (Cavanilles) Baker f.
Malvastrum operculatum (Cavanilles) Baker f. = Tarasa operculata (Cav.) Krapovickas
Malvastrum orbignyanum Wedd.
Malvastrum orbignyanum Wedd. = Nototriche orbignyana (Wedd.) A.W. Hill
Malvastrum oriastrum (Wedd.) Baker
Malvastrum oriastrum (Wedd.) Baker = Acaulimalva oriastrum (Wedd.) Krapovickas

Note: NN
Malvastrum parnassiaefolium (Hooker) Gray
Malvastrum parnassiaefolium (Hooker) Gray = Acaulimalva parnassiaefolia (Hooker)

Krapov.
Reference: FP 1302: 522; Krapovickas, A., 1974: 25; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 21.
$
Malvastrum pearcei Bak.f.
Malvastrum pearcei Bak.f. = Nototriche pearcei (Bak.f.) Hill
Malvastrum pedicularifolium var. rugosum (Philippi) (Philippi) Reiche
Malvastrum pedicularifolium var. rugosum (Philippi) (Philippi) Reiche = Nototriche

rugosa (Philippi) A.W. Hill

Note: NN
Malvastrum pediculariifolium (Meyen) Gray
Malvastrum pediculariifolium (Meyen) Gray = Nototriche pediculariifolia (Meyen)

A.W. Hill
Malvastrum pennellii Ulbrich
Malvastrum pennellii Ulbrich
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 523; Hill, S. R., 1982: 398.

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m.
Note: Treated by Hill (1982c) as an uncertain species the discription of which
resembles Urocarpidium.
Voucher: Pennell 13206* (F)
Malvastrum peruvianum (L.) A. Gray

Malvastrum peruvianum (L.) A. Gray = Urocarpidium peruvianum (Gray) Krapov.
Malvastrum peruvianum var. elongatum Hochreutiner
Malvastrum peruvianum var. elongatum Hochreutiner = Urocarpidium peruvianum (Gray)

Krapov.
Malvastrum peruvianum var. limense (L.) Baker f.
Malvastrum peruvianum var. limense (L.) Baker f. = Urocarpidium limense (L.)

Krapov.
Malvastrum peruvianum var. scorpioides (Turczaninow) Baker
Malvastrum peruvianum var. scorpioides (Turczaninow) Baker = Urocarpidium chilense

(Braun) Krapovickas
Malvastrum phyllanthos (Cav.) A. Gray
Malvastrum phyllanthos (Cav.) A. Gray = Nototriche phyllanthos (Cav.) A.W. Hill
Malvastrum pichinchense (Humb. & Bonpl.) A. Gray

Malvastrum pichinchense (Humb. & Bonpl.) A. Gray = Nototriche phyllanthos (Cav.)
A.W. Hill

Note: NN
Malvastrum pinnatum (Cavanilles) A. Gray
Malvastrum pinnatum (Cavanilles) A. Gray = Nototriche pinnata (Cav.) Hill
Malvastrum plumosum (Presl) Gray
Malvastrum plumosum (Presl) Gray = Tarasa operculata (Cav.) Krapovickas
Malvastrum purdiaei var. huantense Baker
Malvastrum purdiaei var. huantense Baker = Acaulimalva betonicaefolia (Hill)

Krapovickas
Malvastrum pygmaeum (Remy) Gray
Malvastrum pygmaeum (Remy) Gray = Nototriche pygmaea (Remy) Hill
Malvastrum rauhii Hochreutiner
Malvastrum rauhii Hochreutiner = Acaulimalva rauhii (Hochreutiner) Krapovickas

Malvastrum rhizanthum Gray
Malvastrum rhizanthum Gray = Acaulimalva rhizantha (Gray) Krapovickas
Malvastrum richii Gray
Malvastrum richii Gray = Acaulimalva richii (Gray) Krapovickas
Malvastrum rugosum Philippi
Malvastrum rugosum Philippi = Nototriche rugosa (Philippi) A.W. Hill

Note: NN
Malvastrum rusbyi Britton
Malvastrum rusbyi Britton = Tarasa hornschuchiana (Walpers) Krapovickas
Reference: FP 1302: 519; Krapovickas, A., 1954: 139; Hill, S. R., 1982: 403.
Malvastrum sajamense Hieron.
Malvastrum sajamense Hieron. = Nototriche sajamensis (Hieron.) A.W. Hill

Note: NN
$
Malvastrum sandemannii Sandwith
Malvastrum sandemannii Sandwith = Modiolastrum sandemannii (Sandwith) Hill &

Fryxell
Reference: FP 1302: 507; Hill, S. R. & P. A. Fryxell, 1980: 484.
Malvastrum scabrum (Cav.) Gray
Malvastrum scabrum (Cav.) Gray = Malvastrum tomentosum (L.) S.R. Hill subsp.
tomentosum
Malvastrum scabrum var. genuinum E. Hassler
Malvastrum scabrum var. genuinum E. Hassler = Malvastrum tomentosum (L.) S.R. Hill
subsp. tomentosum
Malvastrum scoparioides Ulbrich
Malvastrum scoparioides Ulbrich

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean I-III: disturbed areas, forests,
riversides, rocky slopes. 1000-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3196* (MOL), López & Sagástegui 8020 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad.
Malvastrum scoparium (L'Heritier) A. Gray

Malvastrum scoparium (L'Heritier) A. Gray = Malvastrum tomentosum (L.) S.R. Hill
subsp. tomentosum
Malvastrum shepardae Johnst.
Malvastrum shepardae Johnst. = Urocarpidium echinatum (C. Presl) Krapovickas
Malvastrum spicatum (L.) A. Gray
Malvastrum spicatum (L.) A. Gray = Melochia spicata (L.) Fryxell
Malvastrum stenopetalum Gray
Malvastrum stenopetalum Gray = Nototriche stenopetala (Gray) Hill
Malvastrum stuebelii Hieron.
Malvastrum stuebelii Hieron. = Acaulimalva stuebelii (Hieron.) Krapovickas
Malvastrum tenellum (Cavanilles) Hieron.
Malvastrum tenellum (Cavanilles) Hieron. = Tarasa tenella (Cav.) Krapovickas

Malvastrum tomentosum (L.) S.R. Hill
Malvastrum tomentosum (L.) S.R. Hill
Malvastrum tomentosum (L.) S.R. Hill subsp.tomentosum
Malvastrum tomentosum (L.) S.R. Hill subsp. tomentosum
Synonyms: Malvastrum tomentosum tomentosum (Benth.) Svenson, Malvastrum tomentosum

tomentosum (Cav.) Gray, Malvastrum tomentosum tomentosum (L'Heritier) A. Gray,
Malvastrum tomentosum tomentosum (L'Heritier) Tidestrom, Malvastrum tomentosum
tomentosum Benth., Malvastrum tomentosum tomentosum Cav., Malvastrum tomentosum
tomentosum J.T. Howell, Malvastrum tomentosum tomentosum L'Heritier, Malvastrum
tomentosum tomentosum L., Malvastrum tomentosum var. tomentosum E. Hassler
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, dry
valleys, forests, grasslands. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui & López 10499 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Ica, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura,
Tumbes.
Malvastrum ulophyllum Gray
Malvastrum ulophyllum Gray = Nototriche ulophylla (Gray) Hill
Malvastrum urbanianum Ulbrich
Malvastrum urbanianum Ulbrich = Tarasa urbaniana (Ulbrich) Krapovickas
$
Malvastrum weberbaueri Ulbrich
Malvastrum weberbaueri Ulbrich = Acaulimalva weberbaueri (Ulbrich) Krapovickas
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav.
Malvaviscus arboreus Cav.
Synonyms: Malvaviscus arboreus (Ait.) DC., Malvaviscus arboreus DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 455; Fryxell, P. A., 1988: 291.
Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Simpson & Schunke 380 (USM!)
Departments: Junín, Madre de Dios, Tumbes, Ucayali.
Malvaviscus arboreus var. longifolius (Garcke) Schery
Malvaviscus arboreus var. longifolius (Garcke) Schery = Malvaviscus penduliflorus

DC.
Reference: FP 1302: 456; Schery, R. W., 1942: 218; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 79.
Malvaviscus arboreus var. penduliflorus (DC.) Schery
Malvaviscus arboreus var. penduliflorus (DC.) Schery = Malvaviscus penduliflorus

DC.
Malvaviscus arboreus var. williamsii (Ulbrich) Schery
Malvaviscus arboreus var. williamsii (Ulbrich) Schery = Malvaviscus concinnus Kunth
Reference: FP 1302: 457; Schery, R. W., 1942: 227; Krapovickas, pers. comm..
$
Malvaviscus balbisii DC.
Malvaviscus balbisii DC. = Malvaviscus arboreus Cav.
Malvaviscus concinnus Kunth
Malvaviscus concinnus Kunth
Synonyms: Malvaviscus concinnus (Ulbrich) Schery, Malvaviscus concinnus Huber,

Malvaviscus concinnus Ulbrich, Malvaviscus concinnus Ulbrich
Reference: Schery, R. W., 1942: 209; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 75.
Voucher: Ridoutt 13068 (USM!)
Malvaviscus cuspidatus Turcz.
Malvaviscus cuspidatus Turcz. = ?
Reference: FP 1302: 456; Schery, R. W., 1942: 218.

Note: NN
Malvaviscus elegans Linden & Planch.
Malvaviscus elegans Linden & Planch.

Voucher: WD
Malvaviscus longifolius Garcke

Malvaviscus longifolius Garcke = Malvaviscus penduliflorus DC.
Reference: FP 1302: 456; Schery, R. W., 1942: 218; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 79.
Malvaviscus maynensis Huber
Malvaviscus maynensis Huber = Malvaviscus concinnus Kunth
Malvaviscus mollis (Ait.) DC.
Malvaviscus mollis (Ait.) DC. = Malvaviscus arboreus Cav.
Malvaviscus penduliflorus DC.
Malvaviscus penduliflorus DC.
Synonyms: Malvaviscus penduliflorus (DC.) Schery, Malvaviscus penduliflorus

(Garcke) Schery, Malvaviscus penduliflorus Garcke
Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Boeke 1229 (CTES!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima.
Malvaviscus poeppigii (Sprengel) G. Don
Malvaviscus poeppigii (Sprengel) G. Don = Hibiscus poeppigii (Sprengel) Garcke

Note: NN
$
Malvaviscus ulei Ulbrich
Malvaviscus ulei Ulbrich = Malvaviscus concinnus Kunth
Malvaviscus williamsii Ulbrich
Malvaviscus williamsii Ulbrich = Malvaviscus concinnus Kunth
Reference: FP 1302: 457; Schery, R. W., 1942: 227; Krapovickas, pers. comm..
Malvella leprosa (Ortega) Krapovickas
Malvella leprosa (Ortega) Krapovickas
Synonyms: Malvella leprosa (Ortega) Schumann, Malvella leprosa Ortega

Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: riversides. 0-500 m.
Malveopsis acaulis (Cav.) Kuntze
Malveopsis acaulis (Cav.) Kuntze = Nototriche acaulis (Cav.) Krapovickas
Malveopsis pinnata (Cavanilles) Kuntze
Malveopsis pinnata (Cavanilles) Kuntze = Nototriche pinnata (Cav.) Hill

$
Mammillaria corbula Herrera
Mammillaria corbula Herrera = Echinopsis maximiliana Heyder
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1922: 56; Rausch, W., 1975: 36.
Manabea arborescens Aubl.
Manabea arborescens Aubl. = Aegiphila integrifolia var. integrifolia
Reference: FP 1286: 711; López-Palacios, S., 1977: 87.
Manabea laevis Aubl.
Manabea laevis Aubl. = Aegiphila laevis (Aubl.) J.F. Gmel.
Reference: López-Palacios, S., 1977: 104.
Mancoa foliosa Wedd.
Mancoa foliosa Wedd.

Note: Not known from Peru. but expected.
Mancoa hispida Wedd.
Mancoa hispida Wedd.

Ecology. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Weddell s.n.* (P), Smith & Torres 11810 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Moquegua, Tacna.
$
Mancoa laevis Wedd.
Mancoa laevis Wedd.

Note: Not known from Peru. but expected.
Mandevilla albo-viridis (Rusby) Woodson
Mandevilla albo-viridis (Rusby) Woodson
Synonyms: Mandevilla albo-viridis Rusby

Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui 11287 (Z)
Mandevilla antennacea (A. DC.) Schumann
Mandevilla antennacea (A. DC.) Schumann
Synonyms: Mandevilla antennacea (A. DC.) Müll. Arg., Mandevilla antennacea (A.
DC.) Miers, Mandevilla antennacea A. DC.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-
1500 m.
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
Mandevilla arcuata A.H. Gentry
Mandevilla arcuata A.H. Gentry

Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tunqui 674* (MO!)
Mandevilla boliviensis (Hook. f.) Woodson
Mandevilla boliviensis (Hook. f.) Woodson
Synonyms: Mandevilla boliviensis Hook. f.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 419; Woodson Jr., R. E., 1933: 716.
Mandevilla brachyloba (Müll. Arg.) Schumann
Mandevilla brachyloba (Müll. Arg.) Schumann
Synonyms: Mandevilla brachyloba (Müll. Arg.) Miers, Mandevilla brachyloba

Müll. Arg.
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Mathews 820* (K!), Weberbauer 6498 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín, Puno.
Mandevilla bridgesii (Müll. Arg.) Woodson
Mandevilla bridgesii (Müll. Arg.) Woodson
Synonyms: Mandevilla bridgesii Müll. Arg.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Herrera 3344 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Mandevilla callacatensis Markgr.

Mandevilla callacatensis Markgr.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7128* (F), Jelski 375 (W photo F!)
Mandevilla callista Woodson
Mandevilla callista Woodson

Ecology: Native liana. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Mandevilla cercophylla Woodson
Mandevilla cercophylla Woodson

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m.
Voucher: Mathews 1978* (K!), Woytkowski 5677 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Pasco.
Mandevilla cuspidata (Rusby) Woodson
Mandevilla cuspidata (Rusby) Woodson
Synonyms: Mandevilla cuspidata Rusby

Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Mandevilla glabra N.E. Br.

Mandevilla glabra N.E. Br. = Mandevilla vanheurckii (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Mandevilla glandulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Woodson
Mandevilla glandulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Woodson
Synonyms: Mandevilla glandulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) A. DC., Mandevilla glandulosa (Ruiz &
Pav.) Schumann, Mandevilla glandulosa Ruiz & Pav., Mandevilla glandulosa Spreng.
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Note: f
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Macbride 3730 (F!)
Mandevilla hirsuta (Rich.) Schum.
Mandevilla hirsuta (Rich.) Schum.
Synonyms: Mandevilla hirsuta Rich.

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Madre de Dios.
Mandevilla laxa (Ruiz & Pav.) Woodson
Mandevilla laxa (Ruiz & Pav.) Woodson
Synonyms: Mandevilla laxa Lind., Mandevilla laxa Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA photo F!), Stafford 1043 (F)
$
Mandevilla lobbii Woodson
Mandevilla lobbii Woodson

Note: Questionably from Peru; known only from the type collection.
Voucher: Lobb s.n.* (W)
Mandevilla montana (Kunth) Markgr.
Mandevilla montana (Kunth) Markgr.
Synonyms: Mandevilla montana Kunth

Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui et al. 10156 (MO!)
Mandevilla montana var. peruviana Markgr.
Mandevilla montana var. peruviana Markgr. = Mandevilla riparia (Kunth) Woodson
Mandevilla pavonii (A. DC.) Woodson
Mandevilla pavonii (A. DC.) Woodson
Synonyms: Mandevilla pavonii (A. DC.) Müll. Arg., Mandevilla pavonii A. DC.,
Mandevilla pavonii Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests,
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Stein & Kallunki 3937 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, San Martín.
$
Mandevilla pentlandiana (A. DC.) Woodson
Mandevilla pentlandiana (A. DC.) Woodson
Synonyms: Mandevilla pentlandiana A. DC.

Voucher: Woytkowski 6326b (MO!)
Mandevilla polyantha Schumann ex Woodson
Mandevilla polyantha Schumann ex Woodson

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, terra firme
forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Ule 6271* (B photo F!), Schunke 9919 (MO!)
Mandevilla riparia (Kunth) Woodson
Mandevilla riparia (Kunth) Woodson
Synonyms: Mandevilla riparia Kunth, Mandevilla riparia Markgr.

Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: disturbed areas, shrublands. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Stork & Horton 10151 (K!)
Mandevilla rutila Woodson
Mandevilla rutila Woodson

$
Mandevilla sandemanii Woodson
Mandevilla sandemanii Woodson

Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub. Andean II: terra firme forests. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Sandeman 5154* (K!)
Mandevilla scabra (Hoffmannsegg ex Roemer & Schultes) Schum.
Mandevilla scabra (Hoffmannsegg ex Roemer & Schultes) Schum.
Synonyms: Mandevilla scabra Hoffmannsegg ex Roemer & Schultes, Mandevilla scabra

Müll. Arg.
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Mandevilla scutifolia Woodson
Mandevilla scutifolia Woodson

Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 1500-2000 m.
Note: The type is questionably from Peru. The cited modern collection was
questionably determined by Leeuwenberg (WAG) in 1989.
Voucher: Lobb s.n.* (K!), Gentry et al. 61095 (MO!)
Mandevilla suaveolens Lind.
Mandevilla suaveolens Lind. = Mandevilla laxa (Ruiz & Pav.) Woodson

Mandevilla subpaniculata Woodson
Mandevilla subpaniculata Woodson
Synonyms: Mandevilla subpaniculata Zahlbr.

Mandevilla subsagittata (Ruiz & Pav.) Woodson
Mandevilla subsagittata (Ruiz & Pav.) Woodson
Synonyms: Mandevilla subsagittata A. DC., Mandevilla subsagittata Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Díaz 364 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, San Martín.
Mandevilla subsessilis (A. DC.) Woodson
Mandevilla subsessilis (A. DC.) Woodson
Synonyms: Mandevilla subsessilis A. DC.

Ecology: Native liana. .
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G)
Mandevilla trianae Woodson
Mandevilla trianae Woodson

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 1847 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín.
Mandevilla vanheurckii (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Mandevilla vanheurckii (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Synonyms: Mandevilla vanheurckii Müll. Arg., Mandevilla vanheurckii Miers,

Mandevilla vanheurckii N.E. Br.
Voucher: Spruce 4303* (K!), Klug 3639 (MO!)
Mandevilla versicolor Woodson
Mandevilla versicolor Woodson

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Foster et al. 7804 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.
Manettia acutiflora Pers.
Manettia acutiflora Pers. = Manettia acutifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: FP 1365: 15; Wernham, H. F., 1919: 36.
Manettia acutifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Manettia acutifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Manettia acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Manettia acutifolia Pers.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 15; Wernham, H. F., 1919: 36.
Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Macbride 4255 (F)
Manettia albert-smithii Standl.
Manettia albert-smithii Standl.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 22418* (F), Killip & Smith 23104
Departments: Ayacucho.
Manettia asclepiadacea Standl.
Manettia asclepiadacea Standl.

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29476* (F), Schunke 6219 (MO!)
Manettia attenuata Nees & C. Mart.
Manettia attenuata Nees & C. Mart. = Manettia cordifolia var. cordifolia
Reference: FP 1365: 16; Chung, In-Cho, 1968: 358.
Manettia coccinea (Aubl.) Willd.
Manettia coccinea (Aubl.) Willd. = Manettia reclinata Mutis ex L.
$
Manettia cordifolia Mart.
Manettia cordifolia Mart.
Manettia cordifolia var. attenuata (Nees & C. Mart.) Wernham
Manettia cordifolia var. attenuata (Nees & C. Mart.) Wernham = Manettia cordifolia
var. cordifolia
Manettia cordifolia var.cordifolia
Manettia cordifolia var. cordifolia
Synonyms: Manettia cordifolia cordifolia (Vell.) Schumann, Manettia cordifolia

cordifolia Nees & C. Mart., Manettia cordifolia cordifolia Vell., Manettia
cordifolia var. cordifolia (Nees & C. Mart.) Wernham
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 16; Chung, In-Cho, 1968: 357.
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, grasslands,
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, San Martín.
Manettia cordifolia var.glabra (Cham. & Schltdl.) Standl.
Manettia cordifolia var. glabra (Cham. & Schltdl.) Standl.
Synonyms: Manettia cordifolia glabra Cham. & Schltdl., Manettia cordifolia glabra
Poepp.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 17; Chung, In-Cho, 1968: 360.
Ecology: Native liana, herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas,
forests, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-2000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre
de Dios, Puno, San Martín.
$
Manettia diffusa Britton
Manettia diffusa Britton = Paederia diffusa (Britton) Standl.
Manettia divaricata Wernham
Manettia divaricata Wernham

riversides, seasonally inundated areas, swamps. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San
Martín.
Manettia dubia Wernham
Manettia dubia Wernham

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (K)
Manettia glabra Cham. & Schltdl.
Manettia glabra Cham. & Schltdl. = Manettia cordifolia var. glabra (Cham. &
Schltdl.) Standl.
Manettia glandulosa Poepp.

Manettia glandulosa Poepp.
Synonyms: Manettia glandulosa (Poepp.) Kuntze

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W photo F!), Woytkowski 5771 (MO!)
Manettia hispida Poepp.
Manettia hispida Poepp.
Synonyms: Manettia hispida (Poepp.) Kuntze

Voucher: Poeppig 2321* (B photo F!), Schunke 3976 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
Manettia ignita (Vell.) Schumann
Manettia ignita (Vell.) Schumann = Manettia cordifolia var. cordifolia
Manettia leucantha Krause
Manettia leucantha Krause

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6573* (B photo F!), Boeke 1157 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Huancavelica.
Manettia micans Poepp.

Manettia micans Poepp. = Manettia cordifolia var. glabra (Cham. & Schltdl.) Standl.
Manettia modica Standl.
Manettia modica Standl.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Manettia mutabilis Pers.
Manettia mutabilis Pers. = Manettia racemosa Ruiz & Pav.
Manettia paniculata Poepp.
Manettia paniculata Poepp.
Synonyms: Manettia paniculata (Poepp.) Kuntze

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-
2500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Loreto, Puno, Ucayali.
Manettia pearcei Wernham
Manettia pearcei Wernham

Synonyms: Manettia pearcei Standl.
Reference: Wernham, H. F., 1919: 36.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas,
forests. 0-2000 m.
Departments: Junín, San Martín.
Manettia peruviana Standl.
Manettia peruviana Standl.

Ecology: hemiepiphyte, subshrub, shrub, vine. Andean II-III: cloud forests,
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1395* (F), Stork & Horton 10277
Departments: Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica,
Junín.
Manettia poliodes Standl.
Manettia poliodes Standl.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7863* (F), Herrera 1230
Departments: Cuzco.
Manettia racemosa Ruiz & Pav.
Manettia racemosa Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Manettia racemosa (Pers.) Poir., Manettia racemosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze,
Manettia racemosa Pers.
Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, swamps. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Klug 1164
$
Manettia reclinata Mutis ex L.
Manettia reclinata Mutis ex L.
Synonyms: Manettia reclinata (Aubl.) Willd., Manettia reclinata Aubl., Manettia

reclinata Wernham
Note: Steyermark (1972: 239-240) describes appropriate citation of authorship.
Voucher: Díaz et al. 641 (MO!)
Manettia schunkei Standl.
Manettia schunkei Standl. = Manettia pearcei Wernham
Manettia tarapotensis Wernham
Manettia tarapotensis Wernham = Manettia reclinata Mutis ex L.
Manettia thysanophora Wernham
Manettia thysanophora Wernham

Ecology: Endemic vine. .
Voucher: Mathews 1501* (K)
Manettia tomentulosa Standl.

Manettia tomentulosa Standl.

Ecology. 1000-2500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 5772* (F), Killip & Smith 24141
Manettia umbellata Ruiz & Pav.
Manettia umbellata Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Manettia umbellata (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Ferreyra 6858 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, Madre de Dios, Pasco.
Manettia vacillans Standl.
Manettia vacillans Standl.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7509* (B)
Manettia veronicoides Standl.
Manettia veronicoides Standl.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Manettia weberbaueri Krause
Manettia weberbaueri Krause

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3808* (B photo F!)
Manganaroa altiscandens (Ducke) Spegazzini
Manganaroa altiscandens (Ducke) Spegazzini = Acacia altiscandens Ducke
Reference: Silva, A. S. L. da, 1990: 182.
Manganaroa paniculata (Willd.) Spegazzini
Manganaroa paniculata (Willd.) Spegazzini = Acacia tenuifolia (L.) Willd.
Reference: Silva, A. S. L. da, 1990: 205; Seigler, pers. comm..
Manganaroa paraensis (Ducke) Spegazzini
Manganaroa paraensis (Ducke) Spegazzini = Acacia paraensis Ducke
Reference: Silva, A. S. L. da, 1990: 209.
Mangifera indica L.
Mangifera indica L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 681: 241; Barfod, A. S., 1987: 23.

Ecology: Cultivated tree. .
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Junín, Loreto.
Manglilla dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult.
Manglilla dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult. = Myrsine dependens (Ruiz & Pav.)
Spreng.
Reference: Pipoly III, J. J., 1992: 3.
Manglilla jussieu Pers.
Manglilla jussieu Pers. = Myrsine manglilla (Lam.) R. Br.
Reference: Mez, C., 1902: 384.
Manglilla latifolia Roem. & Schult.
Manglilla latifolia Roem. & Schult. = Myrsine latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Sprengel
Manglilla pellucida (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult.
Manglilla pellucida (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult. = Myrsine pellucida (Ruiz & Pav.)
Spreng.
Manglilla peruviana J.F. Gmel.
Manglilla peruviana J.F. Gmel. = Myrsine manglilla (Lam.) R. Br.

Manicaria saccifera Gaertn.
Manicaria saccifera Gaertn.
Reference: Henderson, pers. comm..

Voucher: Grández 2233 (AMAZ)
Manihot amazonica Ule
Manihot amazonica Ule = Manihot brachyloba Müll. Arg.
Reference: FP 674: 169; Rogers, D. J. & S. G. Appan, 1973: 190.
Manihot anomala Pohl
Manihot anomala Pohl
Manihot anomala subsp.pavoniana (Müll. Arg.) Roger & Appan
Manihot anomala subsp. pavoniana (Müll. Arg.) Roger & Appan
Synonyms: Manihot anomala pavoniana Müll. Arg., Manihot anomala pavoniana Pax
& K. Hoffm.
Reference: Rogers, D. J. & S. G. Appan, 1973: 170.
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (F), Vargas 4884 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cuzco.
Manihot brachyloba Müll. Arg.

Manihot brachyloba Müll. Arg.
Synonyms: Manihot brachyloba Britton, Manihot brachyloba Ule

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín, Ucayali.
Manihot dulcis (J. Gmelin) Pax
Manihot dulcis (J. Gmelin) Pax = Manihot leptophylla Pax & K. Hoffm.
Manihot esculenta Crantz
Manihot esculenta Crantz
Synonyms: Manihot esculenta Kunth, Manihot esculenta Pohl

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 170; Rogers, D. J. & S. G. Appan, 1973: 25.
Ecology. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: MacDaniel 11501 (MO!)
Manihot heterandra Ule
Manihot heterandra Ule = Manihot peruviana Müll. Arg.
Manihot leptophylla Pax & K. Hoffm.
Manihot leptophylla Pax & K. Hoffm.

Synonyms: Manihot leptophylla (J. Gmelin) Pax, Manihot leptophylla J. Gmelin,
Manihot leptophylla Müll. Arg.
Ecology: Native subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Rogers 467 (MO!)
Manihot linearifolia Müll. Arg.
Manihot linearifolia Müll. Arg. = Manihot stricta Baill.
Manihot palmata var. ferruginea Müll. Arg.
Manihot palmata var. ferruginea Müll. Arg. = Manihot leptophylla Pax & K.
Hoffm.
Manihot pavoniana Müll. Arg.
Manihot pavoniana Müll. Arg. = Manihot anomala subsp. pavoniana (Müll.

Arg.) Roger & Appan
Manihot peruviana Müll. Arg.
Manihot peruviana Müll. Arg.
Synonyms: Manihot peruviana Ule

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4287* (BM), Belshaw 3248 (MO!)
$
Manihot rusbyi Britton
Manihot rusbyi Britton = Manihot brachyloba Müll. Arg.
Manihot stricta Baill.
Manihot stricta Baill.
Synonyms: Manihot stricta Müll. Arg.

Voucher: Haenke s.n. (F)
Manihot utilissima Pohl
Manihot utilissima Pohl = Manihot esculenta Crantz
Manihot weberbaueri Pax & K. Hoffm.
Manihot weberbaueri Pax & K. Hoffm. = Manihot anomala subsp. pavoniana (Müll.
Arg.) Roger & Appan
Manilkara amazonica (Huber) Chev.
Manilkara amazonica (Huber) Chev. = Manilkara bidentata subsp. surinamensis (Miq.)

T.D. Penn.
Reference: FP 1297: 149; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 61.

$
Manilkara bidentata (A. DC.) A. Chev. subsp.bidentata
Manilkara bidentata (A. DC.) A. Chev. subsp. bidentata
Synonyms: Manilkara bidentata bidentata A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1297: 149; Pennington, T. D., 1990: 58.
Manilkara bidentata subsp.surinamensis (Miq.) T.D. Penn.
Manilkara bidentata subsp. surinamensis (Miq.) T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Manilkara bidentata surinamensis (Huber) Chev., Manilkara bidentata

surinamensis (Miq.) Dubard, Manilkara bidentata surinamensis Huber, Manilkara
bidentata surinamensis Huber, Manilkara bidentata surinamensis Miq.
Reference: Pennington, T. D., 1990: 61.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand, seasonally
inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Ceijas Bellido 4 (MO!)
Manilkara inundata (Ducke) Ducke
Manilkara inundata (Ducke) Ducke
Synonyms: Manilkara inundata Ducke

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests.
0-500 m.
Voucher: Acosta 10 (F, MOL)
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.
Manilkara surinamensis (Miq.) Dubard
Manilkara surinamensis (Miq.) Dubard = Manilkara bidentata subsp. surinamensis

(Miq.) T.D. Penn.
Manisuris fasciculata (Lam.) Hitchc.
Manisuris fasciculata (Lam.) Hitchc. = Hemarthria altissima (Poir.) Stapf & C.E.
Hubb.
Reference: FP 719: 257; Hubbard, C. E., 1934: 109.
Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry
Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) A.H. Gentry
Synonyms: Mansoa alliacea (Lam.) Sandwith, Mansoa alliacea (Schumann) Bureau & K.
Schum., Mansoa alliacea (Schumann) Sandwith, Mansoa alliacea Lam., Mansoa alliacea
Schumann
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Gentry et al. 25477A (AMAZ!, MO!)
Mansoa hymenaea (A. DC.) A.H. Gentry
Mansoa hymenaea (A. DC.) A.H. Gentry
Synonyms: Mansoa hymenaea A. DC.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: semi-deciduous forests, terra
firme forests. 0-1500 m.
Note:
Voucher: López 8775 (MO!)
Departments: Lambayeque, Madre de Dios, Piura, Tumbes.
Mansoa kerere (Aubl.) A.H. Gentry

Mansoa kerere (Aubl.) A.H. Gentry
Synonyms: Mansoa kerere (A. DC.) Baill., Mansoa kerere (Aubl.) Sandwith, Mansoa
kerere A. DC., Mansoa kerere Aubl.
Voucher: Gentry et al. 22205 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.
Mansoa parvifolia (A.H. Gentry) A.H. Gentry
Mansoa parvifolia (A.H. Gentry) A.H. Gentry
Synonyms: Mansoa parvifolia A.H. Gentry
Mansoa standleyi (Steyerm.) A.H. Gentry
Mansoa standleyi (Steyerm.) A.H. Gentry
Synonyms: Mansoa standleyi Steyerm.

Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco,
San Martín.
Mansoa verrucifera (Schltdl.) A.H. Gentry
Mansoa verrucifera (Schltdl.) A.H. Gentry
Synonyms: Mansoa verrucifera Schltdl.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
$
Mapouria alba (Ruiz & Pav.) Müll. Arg.
Mapouria alba (Ruiz & Pav.) Müll. Arg. = Psychotria carthagenensis Jacq.
Mapouria cupularis Müll. Arg.
Mapouria cupularis Müll. Arg. = Psychotria cupularis (Müll. Arg.) Standl.
Mapouria herbacea (Jacq.) Müll. Arg.
Mapouria herbacea (Jacq.) Müll. Arg. = Geophila repens (L.) I.M. Johnst.
Mapouria podocephala Müll. Arg.
Mapouria podocephala Müll. Arg. = Psychotria podocephala (Muell. Arg.) Standl.
Mapouria trichogyne Müll. Arg.
Mapouria trichogyne Müll. Arg. = Geophila cordifolia var. cordifolia

Note: NN
Mappia ampla (Miers) Engl.

Mappia ampla (Miers) Engl. = Casimirella ampla (Miers) R.A. Howard
Reference: FP 693: 232; Howard, R. A., 1942: 76; Howard, R. A., 1992: 168.
Mappia poeppigiana Baill.
Mappia poeppigiana Baill. = Leretia cordata Vell.
Reference: FP 693: 231; Howard, R. A., 1942: 58.
Maprounea guianensis Aubl.
Maprounea guianensis Aubl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 199; Webster, G. L. & M. J. Huft, 1988: 1132.
Maquira calophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) C.C. Berg
Maquira calophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Maquira calophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) Bentham ex Pittier, Maquira

calophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) Ducke, Maquira calophylla Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 70.
0-500 m.
Voucher: Huashikat 1359 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.
Maquira coriacea (Karsten) C.C. Berg
Maquira coriacea (Karsten) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Maquira coriacea (Karsten) Karsten, Maquira coriacea Karsten

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-500 m.
Maquira costaricana (Standl.) C.C. Berg
Maquira costaricana (Standl.) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Maquira costaricana Standl.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. .
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n. (BM)
Maranta allouia Aubl.
Maranta allouia Aubl. = Calathea allouia (Aubl.) Lindl.
Reference: FP 1205: 745; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 87.
Maranta amazonica Andersson
Maranta amazonica Andersson
Reference: Andersson, L., 1986: 752.

Maranta arouma Aubl.
Maranta arouma Aubl. = Ischnosiphon arouma (Aubl.) Koerniche
Reference: FP 1205: 756; Andersson, L., 1977: 39.

$
Maranta arundinacea L.
Maranta arundinacea L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1205: 766; Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988:
166.
Ecology: Cultivated herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, grasslands. 0-1000
m.
Voucher: Ferreyra & Davis 15927 (USM!)
Maranta capitata Ruiz & Pav.
Maranta capitata Ruiz & Pav. = Calathea capitata (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl.
Reference: Kennedy, H., L. Andersson & M. Hagberg, 1988: 120.
Maranta casupito Jacq.
Maranta casupito Jacq. = Calathea casupito (Jacq.) G.F.W. Mey.
Reference: FP 1205: 746; Kennedy, pers. comm..

Note: NN
Maranta casupo Jacq.
Maranta casupo Jacq. = Calathea lutea (Aubl.) Schult.
Maranta comosa L. f.
Maranta comosa L. f.
Maranta divaricata Rosc.
Maranta divaricata Rosc.

Maranta gracilis Rudge
Maranta gracilis Rudge = Ischnosiphon gracilis subsp. gracilis
Maranta hexantha (Poepp. & Endl.) D. Dietr.
Maranta hexantha (Poepp. & Endl.) D. Dietr. = Hylaeanthe hexantha (Poepp. & Endl.)
Jonker & A.M.E. Jonker
Maranta humilis Aubl.
Maranta humilis Aubl.
Maranta lateralis Ruiz & Pav.
Maranta lateralis Ruiz & Pav. = Calathea lateralis (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl.
$
Maranta laxa (Poepp. & Endl.) D. Dietr.
Maranta laxa (Poepp. & Endl.) D. Dietr. = Monotagma laxum (Poepp. & Endl.) Schum.
Maranta lucianii Linden
Maranta lucianii Linden = Calathea lucianii (Linden) Cogniaux & Marchal
Reference: Kennedy, pers. comm..
Maranta lutea Aubl.
Maranta lutea Aubl. = Calathea lutea (Aubl.) Schult.
Maranta majestica Linden
Maranta majestica Linden = Calathea majestica (Linden) Kennedy
Maranta micans Mathieu
Maranta micans Mathieu = Calathea micans (Mathieu) Körn.
$
Maranta obliqua Rudge
Maranta obliqua Rudge = Ischnosiphon obliquus (Rudge) Ahumada
Maranta roseopicta Linden
Maranta roseopicta Linden = Calathea roseopicta (Linden) Regel
Maranta ruiziana Körn.
Maranta ruiziana Körn.
170.
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* , Berlin 1000 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto.
Maranta sanderiana Sander
Maranta sanderiana Sander = Calathea sanderiana (Sander) Gentil
Reference: Kennedy, pers. comm..
Maranta spicata Aubl.
Maranta spicata Aubl. = Monotagma spicatum (Aubl.) J.F. Macbr.
$
Maranta surinamensis Miq.
Maranta surinamensis Miq. = Ischnosiphon leucophaeus (Poepp. & Endl.) Ahumada

subsp. leucophaeus
Maranta unilateralis (Poepp. & Endl.) D. Dietr.
Maranta unilateralis (Poepp. & Endl.) D. Dietr. = Hylaeanthe unilateralis (Poepp. &
Endl.) Jonker & A.M.E. Jonker
Maranta wallisi Linden
Maranta wallisi Linden = Calathea wallisi (Linden) Regel
Marathrum striatifolium van Royen
Marathrum striatifolium van Royen
Reference: Van Royen, P., 1951: 87.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Note: The Weberbauer specimen no. 6426 was determined as Apinagia peruviana.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6425 (GH, US)
Marattia kaulfussii J. Sm.
Marattia kaulfussii J. Sm. = ?

$
Marattia laevis J. Sm.
Marattia laevis J. Sm.

Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 500-2000 m.
Voucher: Dudley 10619 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Puno.
Marcgravia cacabifera Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. López
Marcgravia cacabifera Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. López = Norantea anomala Kunth
Reference: Bedell, H. G., 1985: 275.
Marcgravia crenata Poepp. ex Wittm.
Marcgravia crenata Poepp. ex Wittm.
Synonyms: Marcgravia crenata Wittm.

Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests,
Voucher: Poeppig 1477* (W photo F!), Barbour 5539 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San
Martín.
Marcgravia crenata var. roquensis J.F. Macbr.
Marcgravia crenata var. roquensis J.F. Macbr. = Marcgravia weberbaueri Gilg
$
Marcgravia dubia Kunth
Marcgravia dubia Kunth = Monstera dubia (Kunth) Engl. & K. Krause
Reference: Madison, M. T., 1977: 77.
Marcgravia flagellaris Poepp. ex Wittm.
Marcgravia flagellaris Poepp. ex Wittm. = Marcgravia flagellaris Poeppig ex Gilg &

Wedermann
Marcgravia flagellaris Poeppig ex Gilg & Wedermann
Synonyms: Marcgravia flagellaris (Macbride, nom. illeg.) J.F. Macbr., Marcgravia

flagellaris Macbride, nom. illeg., Marcgravia flagellaris Poepp. ex Wittm.,
Marcgravia flagellaris Wittm.
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2026* (F), Williams 3149 (F)
Marcgravia flagellaris var. leticiana Macbride, nom. illeg.
Marcgravia flagellaris var. leticiana Macbride, nom. illeg. = Marcgravia

flagellaris Poeppig ex Gilg & Wedermann
Marcgravia longifolia J.F. Macbr.
Marcgravia longifolia J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic hemiepiphyte, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests,
Voucher: Klug 924* (F), Croat 18250 (MO!)
Marcgravia macrocarpa Pavon ex Wittmack pro syn.
Marcgravia macrocarpa Pavon ex Wittmack pro syn. = Marcgravia oblongifolia Ruiz &
Pav. ex Wittm.
Marcgravia macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. López
Marcgravia macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. López = Norantea macrocarpa G. Don
Marcgravia macrocarpa Sleumer ex Diels
Marcgravia macrocarpa Sleumer ex Diels = Marcgravia oblongifolia Ruiz & Pav. ex

Wittm.
Reference: FP 1309: 705; Bedell, H. G., 1985: 348.
Marcgravia macrophylla (Wittm.) Gilg
Marcgravia macrophylla (Wittm.) Gilg
Synonyms: Marcgravia macrophylla Wittm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1309: 706; De Roon, A. C., 1970: 43.
Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
Marcgravia oblongifolia Ruiz & Pav. ex Wittm.

Marcgravia oblongifolia Ruiz & Pav. ex Wittm.
Synonyms: Marcgravia oblongifolia Pavon ex Wittmack pro syn., Marcgravia

oblongifolia Sleumer ex Diels
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, liana. .
Voucher: Ruiz 1790* (B), Isern 2054 (B)
Departments: Junín, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Marcgravia obovata Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. López
Marcgravia obovata Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. López = Norantea obovata G. Don
Marcgravia parviflora Richard ex Wittm.
Marcgravia parviflora Richard ex Wittm.
Synonyms: Marcgravia parviflora Wittmack

Marcgravia parviflora var.macrophylla Wittmack
Marcgravia parviflora var. macrophylla Wittmack

Marcgravia parviflora var. sprucei Wittmack
Marcgravia parviflora var. sprucei Wittmack = Marcgravia sprucei (Wittmack) Gilg

Reference: Gilg, E. & E. Werdermann, 1925: 105.
Marcgravia pentandra Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. López
Marcgravia pentandra Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. López = Ruyschia pavonii G. Don
Reference: De Roon, A. C., 1975: 148.
Marcgravia polyantha var. occidentalis Wittm.
Marcgravia polyantha var. occidentalis Wittm. = Marcgravia crenata Poepp. ex Wittm.
Marcgravia rectiflora Triana & Planch.
Marcgravia rectiflora Triana & Planch. = Marcgravia trinitatis Presl

Note: NN
Marcgravia rectiflora var. flagellaris Wittm.
Marcgravia rectiflora var. flagellaris Wittm. = Marcgravia flagellaris Poeppig ex

Gilg & Wedermann
Marcgravia rectiflora var. macrophylla Wittm.
Marcgravia rectiflora var. macrophylla Wittm. = Marcgravia macrophylla (Wittm.)

Gilg

$
Marcgravia sprucei (Wittmack) Gilg
Marcgravia sprucei (Wittmack) Gilg
Synonyms: Marcgravia sprucei Wittmack

Reference: Gilg, E. & E. Werdermann, 1925: 105.
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Marcgravia strenua J.F. Macbr.
Marcgravia strenua J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, liana, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas,
Voucher: Williams 3809* (F), Schunke 9555 (MO!)
Marcgravia trinitatis Presl
Marcgravia trinitatis Presl
Synonyms: Marcgravia trinitatis Triana & Planch.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1309: 707; Bedell, H. G., 1989: 303.
Note: Not known from Peru. Bedell (1989) indicates that this species is known
only from the southern Lesser Antilles and Trinidad.
Marcgravia trinitatis var. leticiana (Macbride, nom. illeg.) J.F. Macbr.
Marcgravia trinitatis var. leticiana (Macbride, nom. illeg.) J.F. Macbr. =


$
Marcgravia weberbaueri Gilg
Marcgravia weberbaueri Gilg
Synonyms: Marcgravia weberbaueri J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4667* (B), Williams 7388 (F)
Marcgravia williamsii J.F. Macbr.
Marcgravia williamsii J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Margaritaria nobilis L. f.
Margaritaria nobilis L. f.
Synonyms: Margaritaria nobilis (Jussieu) Müll. Arg., Margaritaria nobilis (L.

f.) Müll. Arg., Margaritaria nobilis J.F. Macbr., Margaritaria nobilis Jussieu
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 43; Webster, G. L., 1979: 412.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Margarocarpus asper Wedd.
Margarocarpus asper Wedd. = Pouzolzia poeppigiana (Wedd.) Killip

Margarocarpus obliquus Wedd.
Margarocarpus obliquus Wedd. = Pouzolzia obliqua (Wedd.) Wedd.
Reference: FP 1235: 365; Burger, W., 1977: 273; Killip, E. P., 1960: 194.
Margarocarpus poeppigianus Wedd.
Margarocarpus poeppigianus Wedd. = Pouzolzia poeppigiana (Wedd.) Killip
Margyricarpus alatus Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott
Margyricarpus alatus Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott = Tetraglochin alatum (Gillies ex

Hooker & Arnott) Kuntze
Reference: FP 635: 1113; Rothmaler, W., 1939: 431.

Note: NN
Margyricarpus cristatus Britton
Margyricarpus cristatus Britton = Tetraglochin cristatum (Britton) Rothmaler
Margyricarpus imberbis Presl
Margyricarpus imberbis Presl = Tetraglochin alatum (Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott)

Kuntze

Note: NN
Margyricarpus pinnatus (Lam.) Kuntze
Margyricarpus pinnatus (Lam.) Kuntze
Synonyms: Margyricarpus pinnatus Lam., Margyricarpus pinnatus Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands,
Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* , Peyton 197 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Junín, La Libertad.
Margyricarpus setosus Ruiz & Pav.
Margyricarpus setosus Ruiz & Pav. = Margyricarpus pinnatus (Lam.) Kuntze
Margyricarpus strictus (Poepp.) J.F. Macbr.
Margyricarpus strictus (Poepp.) J.F. Macbr. = Tetraglochin alatum (Gillies ex

Hooker & Arnott) Kuntze

Note: NN
Marialvea microcarpa Poepp.
Marialvea microcarpa Poepp. = Tovomita microcarpa (Poeppig) Walpers
$
Marila laxiflora Rusby
Marila laxiflora Rusby
Reference: McDearman, W. & S. McDaniel, 1981: 1008.

Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San
Martín.
Marila nitida Spruce
Marila nitida Spruce
Marila spiciformis McDearman & McDaniel
Marila spiciformis McDearman & McDaniel
Reference: McDearman, W. & S. McDaniel, 1985: 106.

Marilaunidium dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze
Marilaunidium dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze = Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.)
Choisy
Marilaunidium strictum (Philippi) Kuntze
Marilaunidium strictum (Philippi) Kuntze = Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Choisy
Marilaunidium tenue Wooton & Standl.
Marilaunidium tenue Wooton & Standl. = Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Choisy
Maripa axilliflora C. Mart. ex Meisn.
Maripa axilliflora C. Mart. ex Meisn.
Synonyms: Maripa axilliflora (Hoehne) Ducke, Maripa axilliflora Hoehne

Reference: Flora Peru: 1344: 469; Austin, D. F., 1973: 364.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme
forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4230* (W), Klug 1074 (F)
Maripa fasciculata Ooststr.
Maripa fasciculata Ooststr.

Voucher: Klug 314* (F)
Maripa glabra Choisy
Maripa glabra Choisy

Note: Not known from Peru. Specimens cited in the Flora of Peru are redetermined
as M. paniculata by D. Austin (1973).
$
Maripa janusiana D. Austin
Maripa janusiana D. Austin
Reference: Austin, D. F., 1973: 370.

Voucher: Klug 809* (US), Klug 590 (US)
Maripa kuhlmannii (Hoehne) Ducke
Maripa kuhlmannii (Hoehne) Ducke = Maripa axilliflora C. Mart. ex Meisn.
Reference: FP 1344: 471; Austin, D. F., 1973: 364.
Maripa paniculata Barb. Rodr.
Maripa paniculata Barb. Rodr.
Reference: Austin, D. F., 1973: 371; Austin, D. F., 1982: 81.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests.
0-500 m.
Maripa pauciflora D.F. Austin
Maripa pauciflora D.F. Austin

$
Maripa peruviana Ooststr.
Maripa peruviana Ooststr.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: riversides, terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 914* (F), Klug 4066 (F)
Maripa scandens Aubl.
Maripa scandens Aubl.
Maripa tenuis Ducke
Maripa tenuis Ducke

Note: Not known from Peru. D. Austin (1973) treats this as a synonym of M.
glabra.
Maripa williamsii Ooststr.
Maripa williamsii Ooststr.

Voucher: Williams 3935* (F), Williams 4023 (F)
Mariscus aggregatus Willd.
Mariscus aggregatus Willd. = Cyperus aggregatus (Willd.) Endl.
$
Mariscus cylindricus Britton ex C.B. Clarke
Mariscus cylindricus Britton ex C.B. Clarke
Mariscus cylindricus var. australis Lindman
Mariscus cylindricus var. australis Lindman = Cyperus retrorsus var. australis

(Lindman) Kük.
Reference: Kükenthal, G., 1936: 513.
Mariscus flavus Vahl
Mariscus flavus Vahl = Cyperus aggregatus (Willd.) Endl.
Mariscus huarmensis Kunth
Mariscus huarmensis Kunth = Cyperus aggregatus (Willd.) Endl.
Reference: FP 735: 269; Tucker, G. C., 1985: 607.
Mariscus jacquinii Kunth
Mariscus jacquinii Kunth = Cyperus hermaphroditus var. hermaphroditus
Mariscus mutisii Kunth
Mariscus mutisii Kunth = Cyperus mutisii (Kunth) Griseb.
Reference: Tucker, G. C., 1983: 50.

$
Mariscus pallens Liebm.
Mariscus pallens Liebm. = Cyperus pallens (Liebm.) Standl. & Steyerm.
Reference: Tucker, G. C., 1983: 58.
Mariscus panamensis C.B. Clarke
Mariscus panamensis C.B. Clarke = Cyperus panamensis (C.B. Clarke) Britton ex

Standl.
Mariscus rufus Kunth
Mariscus rufus Kunth = Cyperus ligularis L.
Mariscus saturatus (C.B. Clarke) J.D. Smith ex C.B. Clarke
Mariscus saturatus (C.B. Clarke) J.D. Smith ex C.B. Clarke = Cyperus miliifolius
Poepp. & Kunth ex Kunth
Maritimocereus gracilis Akers & Buining
Maritimocereus gracilis Akers & Buining = Cleistocactus sextonianus (Backeb.) D.R.

Hunt
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1460.

$
Markea camponoti Ducke
Markea camponoti Ducke
Markea coccinea Richard
Markea coccinea Richard
Markea formicarum Dammer
Markea formicarum Dammer

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, hemiepiphyte, vine. Amazonian: forests, forests on
white sand. 0-500 m.
Markea leucantha Donn. Sm.
Markea leucantha Donn. Sm. = Schultesianthus leucanthus (Donn. Sm.) Hunz.
Markea panamensis Standl.
Markea panamensis Standl. = Hawkesiophyton ulei (Dammer) Hunz.
Reference: Hunziker, A. T., 1977: 40.
Markea ulei (Dammer) Cuatrec.

Markea ulei (Dammer) Cuatrec. = Hawkesiophyton ulei (Dammer) Hunz.
Marlierea areolata McVaugh
Marlierea areolata McVaugh
Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 582; McVaugh, R., 1956: 175.

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500
m.
Voucher: Tessmann 3264* (frag. F!), Revilla 1756 (MO!)
Marlierea bipennis (O. Berg) McVaugh
Marlierea bipennis (O. Berg) McVaugh
Synonyms: Marlierea bipennis (O. Berg) McVaugh, Marlierea bipennis O. Berg

Marlierea caudata McVaugh
Marlierea caudata McVaugh

Voucher: Klug 235* (F!), Vásquez et al. 8952 (MO!)
Marlierea dussii Krug & Urban ex Urban
Marlierea dussii Krug & Urban ex Urban = Siphoneugena dussii (Krug & Urb.) C.
Proenca
Reference: Proença, C., 1990: 251.
Marlierea imperfecta McVaugh
Marlierea imperfecta McVaugh

Voucher: Klug 787* (F!), Vásquez & Jaramillo 10567 (MO!)
Marlierea insculpta Diels
Marlierea insculpta Diels = Marlierea umbraticola (Kunth) O. Berg
Reference: FP 760: 590; McVaugh, R., 1958: 91.
Marlierea obumbrans (O. Berg) Nied.
Marlierea obumbrans (O. Berg) Nied. = Myrcia obumbrans (O. Berg) McVaugh
Marlierea scytophylla Diels
Marlierea scytophylla Diels

Marlierea spruceana O. Berg

Marlierea spruceana O. Berg
Synonyms: Marlierea spruceana O. Berg, Marlierea spruceana O. Berg

Voucher: Vásquez & Soto 12360 (MO!)
Marlierea spruceana var. angustifolia O. Berg
Marlierea spruceana var. angustifolia O. Berg = Marlierea spruceana O. Berg
Marlierea spruceana var. latifolia O. Berg
Marlierea spruceana var. latifolia O. Berg = Marlierea spruceana O. Berg
Marlierea squarrosa McVaugh
Marlierea squarrosa McVaugh = Marlierea umbraticola (Kunth) O. Berg
Marlierea subulata McVaugh
Marlierea subulata McVaugh

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally
Voucher: Klug 1341* (F!), Vásquez & Jaramillo 9971 (MO!)
$
Marlierea umbraticola (Kunth) O. Berg
Marlierea umbraticola (Kunth) O. Berg
Synonyms: Marlierea umbraticola Diels, Marlierea umbraticola Kunth, Marlierea

umbraticola McVaugh
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme
forests. 0-500 m.
Marlierea velutina McVaugh
Marlierea velutina McVaugh

Marlieria dussii Krug & Urb.
Marlieria dussii Krug & Urb. = ?
Reference: Proença, C., 1990: 251.
Marlieriopsis eggersii Kiaersk.
Marlieriopsis eggersii Kiaersk. = Blepharocalyx eggersii (Kiaersk.) Landrum
Reference: Landrum, L. R., 1986: 121.
Marmaroxylon basijugum (Ducke) L. Rico

Marmaroxylon basijugum (Ducke) L. Rico
Synonyms: Marmaroxylon basijugum (Ducke) Dugand, Marmaroxylon basijugum Ducke

Marmaroxylon dinizii (Ducke) L. Rico
Marmaroxylon dinizii (Ducke) L. Rico

Note: @NEEDS A PERU VOUCHER@
Marmaroxylon ramiflorum (Benth.) L. Rico
Marmaroxylon ramiflorum (Benth.) L. Rico
Synonyms: Marmaroxylon ramiflorum Benth., Marmaroxylon ramiflorum Ducke

Marrubium hamatum Kunth
Marrubium hamatum Kunth = Marrubium vulgare L.
Marrubium vulgare L.
Marrubium vulgare L.
Synonyms: Marrubium vulgare Kunth
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands, lomas, rocky
slopes, shrublands. 500-4000 m.
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín,
Lima, La Libertad.
Marsdenia altissima (Jacq.) Dugand
Marsdenia altissima (Jacq.) Dugand
Synonyms: Marsdenia altissima Jacq.

Reference: Morillo, G., 1978: 36.
Ecology: Native liana, vine. .
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n. (MO!)
Marsdenia asplundii Morillo & Spellman
Marsdenia asplundii Morillo & Spellman

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 500-1000 m.
Marsdenia cundurango Rchb. f.
Marsdenia cundurango Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Marsdenia cundurango (Rchb. f.) Schltr., Marsdenia cundurango Triana

Ecology: Native shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-
3000 m.
Voucher: Rozl s.n.* (W), Díaz 3163 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Madre de Dios, Piura.
$
Marsdenia ecuadorensis Morillo & Spellman
Marsdenia ecuadorensis Morillo & Spellman

Ecology: Native vine. .
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA)
Marsdenia lauretiana Woodson
Marsdenia lauretiana Woodson

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Marsdenia macrophylla (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult. in Roem. & Schult.) E. Fourn.
Marsdenia macrophylla (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult. in Roem. & Schult.) E. Fourn.
Synonyms: Marsdenia macrophylla Hook. f., Marsdenia macrophylla Humb. & Bonpl. ex
Schult. in Roem. & Schult.
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-
3000 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, San Martín.
Marsdenia maculata Hook. f.
Marsdenia maculata Hook. f. = Marsdenia macrophylla (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult. in

Roem. & Schult.) E. Fourn.
$
Marsdenia oligantha K. Schum.
Marsdenia oligantha K. Schum.
Reference: Rothe, W., 1915: 413.

Ecology: Endemic liana, vine. .
Voucher: Ule 6603* (HBG)
Marsdenia reichenbachii Triana
Marsdenia reichenbachii Triana = Marsdenia cundurango Rchb. f.

Note: nom. illeg.
Marsdenia rubrofusca E. Fourn.
Marsdenia rubrofusca E. Fourn.
Synonyms: Marsdenia rubrofusca Woodson

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides,
Marsdenia weberbaueri Schltr. & Rothe
Marsdenia weberbaueri Schltr. & Rothe
Reference: Rothe, W., 1915: 431.

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1911* (frag. F)########B frag. F), Spruce 4525 (K)
$
Marsea bonariensis (L.) V.M. Badillo
Marsea bonariensis (L.) V.M. Badillo = Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist
Marsea canadensis (L.) V.M. Badillo
Marsea canadensis (L.) V.M. Badillo = Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronquist
Marshallfieldia boissieriana Cogn.
Marshallfieldia boissieriana Cogn. = Adelobotrys adscendens (Sw.) Triana
Marshallfieldia corallina J.F. Macbr.
Marshallfieldia corallina J.F. Macbr. = Adelobotrys boissieriana Cogn.
Marsupiaria vandiformis (Schltr.) Hoehne
Marsupiaria vandiformis (Schltr.) Hoehne = Maxillaria equitans (Schltr.) Garay
Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl) Kuntze

Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl) Kuntze
Synonyms: Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl) Willd., Marsypianthes chamaedrys Vahl

Reference: Flora Peru: 1287: 726; Epling, C., 1936: 185.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas,
forests. 0-2000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura, San Martín.
Martinella iquitosensis A. Samp.
Martinella iquitosensis A. Samp.

Voucher: Kuhlmann 1492* (MO!), Vásquez & Jaramillo 8032 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Martinella obovata (Kunth) Bureau & K. Schum.
Martinella obovata (Kunth) Bureau & K. Schum.
Synonyms: Martinella obovata Kunth, Martinella obovata Rusby

Martín.
Martinella verrucosa (Standl.) Standl.
Martinella verrucosa (Standl.) Standl. = Arrabidaea verrucosa (Standl.) A.H. Gentry
$
Martinezia ciliata Ruiz & Pav.
Martinezia ciliata Ruiz & Pav. = Bactris gasipaes Kunth
Reference: FP 39695: 409; Henderson, pers. comm..
Martinezia ensiformis Ruiz & Pav.
Martinezia ensiformis Ruiz & Pav. = Prestoea ensiformis (Ruiz & Pav.) H.E. Moore
Reference: FP 39695: 383; Moore Jr., H. E., 1963: 286.
Martinezia interrupta Ruiz & Pav.
Martinezia interrupta Ruiz & Pav. = Geonoma interrupta (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.
Reference: FP 39695: 343; Glassman, S. F., 1972: 164.
Martinezia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.
Martinezia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav. = Chamaedorea pinnatifrons (Jacq.) Oerst.
Martinezia linearis Ruiz & Pav.
Martinezia linearis Ruiz & Pav. = Chamaedorea linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.
Martinezia ulei Dammer
Martinezia ulei Dammer = Aiphanes ulei (Dammer) Burret

Martiodendron elatum (Ducke) Gleason
Martiodendron elatum (Ducke) Gleason
Synonyms: Martiodendron elatum Ducke

Reference: Koeppen, R. & H. H. Iltis, 1962: 205.
Martiodendron elatum var.occidentale (Ducke) Gleason
Martiodendron elatum var. occidentale (Ducke) Gleason
Synonyms: Martiodendron elatum occidentale Gleason, Martiodendron elatum var.

occidentale Ducke
Martiodendron macrocarpon Gleason
Martiodendron macrocarpon Gleason = Martiodendron elatum var. occidentale (Ducke)

Gleason
Reference: FP 21: 185; Koeppen, R. & H. H. Iltis, 1962: 207.
Martiusia elata Ducke
Martiusia elata Ducke = Martiodendron elatum (Ducke) Gleason
Reference: FP 21: 185; Ducke, A., 1949: 125; Koeppen, R. & H. H. Iltis, 1962: 205.
Note: NN
$
Martiusia elata var. occidentale Ducke
Martiusia elata var. occidentale Ducke = Martiodendron elatum var. occidentale

(Ducke) Gleason

Note: NN
Martiusia rubiginosa (Jussieu ex Pers.) Britton
Martiusia rubiginosa (Jussieu ex Pers.) Britton = Clitoria falcata Lam. var.

falcata
Note: Name based on Clitoria rubignosa.
Martynia altheaefolia Benth.
Martynia altheaefolia Benth. = Proboscidea altheaefolia (Benth.) Decne.
Reference: Bretting, P. K., 1981: 127.
Martynia perennis L.
Martynia perennis L. = Gloxinia perennis (L.) Fritsch
Mascagnia amazonica Nied.
Mascagnia amazonica Nied.

Mascagnia americana Bertero

Mascagnia americana Bertero
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 785; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm..

Note: Not known from Peru. . nom. superfl. The collection cited questionably under
this name in the Flora of Peru, Weberbauer 6353, is the type collection of M.
peruviana.
Mascagnia anisopetala (A. Juss.) Griseb.
Mascagnia anisopetala (A. Juss.) Griseb.
Synonyms: Mascagnia anisopetala A. Juss.

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Berlin 332 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, San Martín.
Mascagnia anisopetala var. macrodisca (Triana & Planchon) Kostermans
Mascagnia anisopetala var. macrodisca (Triana & Planchon) Kostermans = Mascagnia

macrodisca (Triana & Planch.) Nied.
Reference: FP 665: 788; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 212.

Note: NN
Mascagnia benthamiana (Griseb.) W.R. Anderson
Mascagnia benthamiana (Griseb.) W.R. Anderson
Synonyms: Mascagnia benthamiana (Griseb.) Nied., Mascagnia benthamiana Griseb.,

Mascagnia benthamiana Nied.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: disturbed areas, riversides, seasonally inundated
areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
$
Mascagnia castanea (Cuatrec.) W.R. Anderson
Mascagnia castanea (Cuatrec.) W.R. Anderson
Synonyms: Mascagnia castanea Cuatrec.

Voucher: Díaz & Jaramillo 233 (MO!)
Mascagnia cordifolia (A. Juss.) Griseb.
Mascagnia cordifolia (A. Juss.) Griseb.
Synonyms: Mascagnia cordifolia A. Juss.

Mascagnia cordifolia var. peruviana J.F. Macbr.
Mascagnia cordifolia var. peruviana J.F. Macbr. = Mascagnia schunkei W.R. Anderson
Reference: FP 665: 786; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm..
Mascagnia dissimilis Morton & Moldenke
Mascagnia dissimilis Morton & Moldenke

Note: W. R. Anderson (1981a) indicates that M. filipes may prove to be a synonym of
this species.
$
Mascagnia divaricata (Kunth) Nied.
Mascagnia divaricata (Kunth) Nied.
Synonyms: Mascagnia divaricata (Adr. Jussieu) Griseb., Mascagnia divaricata A.

Juss., Mascagnia divaricata Kunth
Reference: W. R. Anderson, pers. comm..
Voucher: Foster 9609 (MO!)
Departments: Junín, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
Mascagnia eggersiana (Nied.) W.R. Anderson
Mascagnia eggersiana (Nied.) W.R. Anderson
Synonyms: Mascagnia eggersiana Nied.

Mascagnia elegans (Adr. Jussieu) Griseb.
Mascagnia elegans (Adr. Jussieu) Griseb. = Mascagnia divaricata (Kunth) Nied.
Reference: FP 665: 789; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 368; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 368; W.
R. Anderson, pers. comm..
Mascagnia filipes J.F. Macbr.
Mascagnia filipes J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 787; Anderson, W. R., 1981: 226.

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. Possibly conspecific with M.
dissimilis (W. R. Anderson, 1981a).
$
Mascagnia glandulifera Cuatrec.
Mascagnia glandulifera Cuatrec.

Mascagnia loretensis Morton
Mascagnia loretensis Morton

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas.
0-500 m.
Note:
Voucher: Klug 907* (F), Woytkowski 5159 (MO!)
Mascagnia macradena (DC.) Nied.
Mascagnia macradena (DC.) Nied.
Synonyms: Mascagnia macradena Bertero

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 785; W. R. Anderson, pers. comm..
Mascagnia macrodisca (Triana & Planch.) Nied.
Mascagnia macrodisca (Triana & Planch.) Nied.
Synonyms: Mascagnia macrodisca (Triana & Planchon) Kostermans, Mascagnia macrodisca

Triana & Planch.
Note: Not known from Peru. The locality for the Flora of Peru voucher, Williams
2741, is from La Victoria in present-day Colombia; the species is expected in
Loreto, Peru.
Mascagnia macrophylla Rusby
Mascagnia macrophylla Rusby

Voucher: Díaz & Ruiz 851A (MICH)
Mascagnia mater-dei Cuatrec.
Mascagnia mater-dei Cuatrec. = Mascagnia poeppigiana (A. Juss.) W.R. Anderson
Mascagnia mirabilis W.R. Anderson
Mascagnia mirabilis W.R. Anderson

Voucher: Plowman 6019* (MICH)
Mascagnia nobilis Morton

Mascagnia nobilis Morton

Mascagnia ovatifolia (Kunth) Griseb.
Mascagnia ovatifolia (Kunth) Griseb.
Synonyms: Mascagnia ovatifolia Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 665: 789; Cuatrecasas, J., 1958: 368.
Note: Not known from Peru. The correct name for the species treated as M.
ovatifolia in the Flora of Peru and by Cuatrecasas (1958) is M. divaricata (W. R.
Anderson, pers. comm.).
Mascagnia peruviana Cuatrec.
Mascagnia peruviana Cuatrec.

Voucher: Weberbauer 6353* (US)
Departments: Piura.
Mascagnia poeppigiana (A. Juss.) W.R. Anderson
Mascagnia poeppigiana (A. Juss.) W.R. Anderson
Synonyms: Mascagnia poeppigiana (A. Juss.) Griseb., Mascagnia poeppigiana A. Juss.,

Mascagnia poeppigiana Cuatrec.
Voucher: Schultes 6226 (US)
$
Mascagnia psilophylla (A. Juss.) Griseb.
Mascagnia psilophylla (A. Juss.) Griseb. = Callaeum psilophyllum (A. Juss.) D. M.

Johnson
Reference: FP 665: 790; Johnson, D. M., 1986: 351.

Note: NN
Mascagnia psilophylla fo. peruviana Nied.
Mascagnia psilophylla fo. peruviana Nied. = Callaeum antifebrile (Griseb.) D.M.

Johnson
Mascagnia psilophylla var. antifebrilis (Griseb.) Nied.
Mascagnia psilophylla var. antifebrilis (Griseb.) Nied. = Callaeum antifebrile

(Griseb.) D.M. Johnson
Mascagnia pubiflora (A. Juss.) Griseb.
Mascagnia pubiflora (A. Juss.) Griseb.
Synonyms: Mascagnia pubiflora A. Juss.

Mascagnia rigida (A. Juss.) Griseb.

Mascagnia rigida (A. Juss.) Griseb.
Synonyms: Mascagnia rigida A. Juss.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests, riversides, terra firme forests. 0-500
m.
Departments: Amazonas, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Mascagnia schunkei W.R. Anderson
Mascagnia schunkei W.R. Anderson
Synonyms: Mascagnia schunkei J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Anderson, W. R., 1981: 222; W. R. Anderson pers. comm..
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand, terra firme
forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Schunke 6195* (F), Gentry et al. 21306 (MO!)
Mascagnia sepium (A. Juss.) Griseb.
Mascagnia sepium (A. Juss.) Griseb.
Synonyms: Mascagnia sepium A. Juss.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand, terra firme
forests. 0-1000 m.
Mascagnia sericans Nied.
Mascagnia sericans Nied. = Mascagnia benthamiana (Griseb.) W.R. Anderson
Mascagnia sinemariensis (Aubl.) Griseb.

Mascagnia sinemariensis (Aubl.) Griseb.
Synonyms: Mascagnia sinemariensis Aubl.

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: McKenna et al. 83 (MICH)
Mascagnia strigulosa Rusby
Mascagnia strigulosa Rusby

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Mascagnia tenuifolia Nied.
Mascagnia tenuifolia Nied.
Synonyms: Mascagnia tenuifolia Nied.

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. W. R. Anderson (1981a)
lectotypified the species and var. amazonica Niedenzu [=var. tenuifolia] citing
Spruce 4958.
Voucher: Spruce 4958* (NY)
Mascagnia tenuifolia var. amazonica Nied.
Mascagnia tenuifolia var. amazonica Nied. = Mascagnia tenuifolia Nied.
$
Mascagnia tenuifolia var. eggersiana Nied.
Mascagnia tenuifolia var. eggersiana Nied. = Mascagnia eggersiana (Nied.) W.R.

Anderson
Masdevallia abbreviata Rchb. f.
Masdevallia abbreviata Rchb. f.

Masdevallia aequiloba Regel
Masdevallia aequiloba Regel = Masdevallia civilis Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Masdevallia amabilis Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Masdevallia amabilis Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands.
2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Warscewicz s.n.* , Díaz & Baldeón 2876 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Cajamarca.
Masdevallia amaluzae Luer & Malo
Masdevallia amaluzae Luer & Malo

Reference: Luer, C. A., 1978: 185.
Note: Incorrect type
Voucher: Luer 2295* (SEL)
Masdevallia angulata Rchb. f.
Masdevallia angulata Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Masdevallia angulata O'Brien

Reference: Luer, pers. comm..
Masdevallia aphanes Königer
Masdevallia aphanes Königer
Reference: Königer, W., 1979: 196; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989:
99.
Voucher: Königer et al. K-3J* (SEL!), Bennett 3639 (MO!)
Masdevallia ariasii Luer
Masdevallia ariasii Luer

Voucher: Arias A-142* (MO!)
Masdevallia aspera Rchb. f. ex Kraenzl.

Masdevallia aspera Rchb. f. ex Kraenzl. = Masdevallia paivaeana Rchb. f.
Masdevallia asterotricha Königer
Masdevallia asterotricha Königer
Reference: Königer, W., 1986: 104.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Arias A-401A* (M)
Masdevallia atahualpa Luer
Masdevallia atahualpa Luer

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. .
Voucher: Luer et al. 5429* (SEL)
Masdevallia atropurpurea Rchb. f.
Masdevallia atropurpurea Rchb. f. = Masdevallia bicolor Poepp. & Endl.
Masdevallia audax Königer
Masdevallia audax Königer

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Königer et al. K-21h* (M)
$
Masdevallia aureo-rosea Weberbauer
Masdevallia aureo-rosea Weberbauer = Masdevallia bicolor Poepp. & Endl.
Masdevallia auropurpurea Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Masdevallia auropurpurea Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 229; Luer, pers. comm..

Note: Not known from Peru. Known from Bolivia and Colombia.
Masdevallia ayabacana Luer
Masdevallia ayabacana Luer
Reference: Luer, C. A., 1978: 189; Dodson, 1992.

Departments: Piura.
Masdevallia barlaeana Rchb. f.
Masdevallia barlaeana Rchb. f.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Davis s.n.* , Vargas 2658 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Masdevallia bennettii Luer
Masdevallia bennettii Luer

Voucher: Bennett & Bennett 4370* (MO)
Departments: Pasco.
Masdevallia bicolor Poepp. & Endl.
Masdevallia bicolor Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Masdevallia bicolor (Poepp. & Endl.) E. Morren, Masdevallia bicolor Rchb.
f., Masdevallia bicolor Schltr., Masdevallia bicolor Schltr., Masdevallia bicolor
Weberbauer
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: forests. 1500-2500 m.
Masdevallia biflora (Poepp. & Endl.) E. Morren
Masdevallia biflora (Poepp. & Endl.) E. Morren = Masdevallia bicolor Poepp. & Endl.
Masdevallia biflora Regel
Masdevallia biflora Regel = Masdevallia caloptera Rchb. f.
Masdevallia bonplandii Rchb. f.

Masdevallia bonplandii Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Masdevallia bonplandii Kunth

Masdevallia burfordiensis O'Brien
Masdevallia burfordiensis O'Brien = Masdevallia angulata Rchb. f.
Reference: FP 1438: 231; Luer, pers. comm..

Note: NN
Masdevallia caloptera Rchb. f.
Masdevallia caloptera Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Masdevallia caloptera Regel

Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 232; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Masdevallia campyloglossa Rchb. f.
Masdevallia campyloglossa Rchb. f.

Masdevallia cardiantha Königer
Masdevallia cardiantha Königer
Reference: Königer, W., 1980: 113; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Meza et al. s.n.* (SEL)
Masdevallia catapheres Königer
Masdevallia catapheres Königer

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Würstle et al. W-7A* (SEL)
Masdevallia caudata Lindl.
Masdevallia caudata Lindl.

Masdevallia cinnamomea Rchb. f.
Masdevallia cinnamomea Rchb. f.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* , Woytkowski 7785 (MO!)
Masdevallia civilis Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Masdevallia civilis Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Synonyms: Masdevallia civilis Lindl., Masdevallia civilis Regel

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests, grasslands. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Warscewicz s.n.* , Bennett 3546 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.
Masdevallia cleistogama Luer
Masdevallia cleistogama Luer
Reference: Luer, C. A., 1989: 105; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.

Ecology. .
Voucher: Luer 14396* (MO!)
Masdevallia coccinea Linden ex Lindl.
Masdevallia coccinea Linden ex Lindl.
Synonyms: Masdevallia coccinea Andre, Masdevallia coccinea Rchb. f.

Note: Not known from Peru. Known from Colombia.
Masdevallia colossus Luer
Masdevallia colossus Luer

Masdevallia concinna Königer
Masdevallia concinna Königer

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Königer et al. K-30a* (SEL)
Masdevallia constricta Poepp. & Endl.
Masdevallia constricta Poepp. & Endl.

Ecology: Endemic herb. .
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.*
Masdevallia cranion Luer
Masdevallia cranion Luer

Masdevallia culex Hort.
Masdevallia culex Hort. = Pleurothallis macroblepharis Rchb. f.
Masdevallia cuprea Lindl.
Masdevallia cuprea Lindl.

$
Masdevallia cyathogastra Schltr.
Masdevallia cyathogastra Schltr. = Masdevallia nidifica Rchb. f.
Masdevallia cyclotega Königer
Masdevallia cyclotega Königer

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Meza s.n.* (SEL)
Masdevallia davisii Rchb. f.
Masdevallia davisii Rchb. f.

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Davis s.n.*
Departments: Cuzco.
Masdevallia dayana Rchb. f.
Masdevallia dayana Rchb. f. = Zootrophion dayanum (Rchb. f.) Luer
Reference: FP 1438: 223; Luer, C. A., 1982: 82; Dodson, pers. comm..
Masdevallia decumana Königer

Masdevallia decumana Königer

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Koniger et al. K-29A (SEL)
Masdevallia dudleyi Luer
Masdevallia dudleyi Luer

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Dudley 11975* (MO!)
Masdevallia echinata Luer & Andreetta
Masdevallia echinata Luer & Andreetta = Masdevallia rosea Lindl.

Note: NN
Masdevallia echo Luer
Masdevallia echo Luer

Voucher: Luer 1638* (SEL), Bennett 414 (MO!)
Masdevallia elegans Luer & Escobar
Masdevallia elegans Luer & Escobar

Masdevallia empusa Luer
Masdevallia empusa Luer

Masdevallia eumeces Luer
Masdevallia eumeces Luer

Masdevallia flammula Mohr & Braas
Masdevallia flammula Mohr & Braas
Reference: Mohr, H. & L. A. Braas, 1984: 143.

Voucher: Tiller HM-3983* (M)
Masdevallia forgetiana Kraenzl.
Masdevallia forgetiana Kraenzl. = Masdevallia infracta Lindl.

Note: NN
Masdevallia fuchsii Luer
Masdevallia fuchsii Luer

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Masdevallia glandulosa Königer
Masdevallia glandulosa Königer

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Königer et al. K-8* (SEL)
Masdevallia goliath Luer & Andreetta
Masdevallia goliath Luer & Andreetta

Voucher: Rhodehamel s.n. (MO)
Masdevallia grandiflora C. Schweinf.
Masdevallia grandiflora C. Schweinf.

Note: Not reconfirmed. According to Luer (pers. comm.) this is a synonym of M.
pumila.
Masdevallia harryana Rchb. f.
Masdevallia harryana Rchb. f. = Masdevallia coccinea Linden ex Lindl.

Note: NN
Masdevallia herzogii Schltr.
Masdevallia herzogii Schltr. = Masdevallia bicolor Poepp. & Endl.
Masdevallia hymenantha Rchb. f.
Masdevallia hymenantha Rchb. f.

Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (G photo MO!), Gentry et al. 61194 (MO!)
Masdevallia icterina Koeniger
Masdevallia icterina Koeniger

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Königer WK-11* (M, USM)
$
Masdevallia infracta Lindl.
Masdevallia infracta Lindl.
Synonyms: Masdevallia infracta Kraenzl.

Masdevallia instar Luer & Andreetta
Masdevallia instar Luer & Andreetta

Voucher: Luer 1937 (SEL)
Masdevallia ionocharis Rchb. f.
Masdevallia ionocharis Rchb. f.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Puno.
Masdevallia janetiae Luer
Masdevallia janetiae Luer = Dracula janetiae (Luer) Luer
Reference: Luer, C. A., 1978: 195; Dodson, pers. comm..
Masdevallia kuhnorum Luer

Masdevallia kuhnorum Luer

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Masdevallia lamprotyria Königer
Masdevallia lamprotyria Königer

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Würstle et al. W-4A* (SEL)
Masdevallia lilacina Königer
Masdevallia lilacina Königer

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Königer & Königer K-31A* (M)
Masdevallia lilianae Luer
Masdevallia lilianae Luer

$
Masdevallia lindenii Andre
Masdevallia lindenii Andre = Masdevallia coccinea Linden ex Lindl.

Note: NN
Masdevallia lineolata Königer
Masdevallia lineolata Königer

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Arias A-26* (SEL)
Departments: Cuzco.
Masdevallia lintricula Königer
Masdevallia lintricula Königer

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Königer et al. K-83A* (M)
Masdevallia longiflora Kraenzl.
Masdevallia longiflora Kraenzl. = Barbosella cucullata (Lindl.) Schltr.
Masdevallia lucernula Königer

Masdevallia lucernula Königer

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Torres s.n.* (SEL)
Masdevallia lynchiphora Königer
Masdevallia lynchiphora Königer

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Masdevallia maculata Klotzsch & Karsten
Masdevallia maculata Klotzsch & Karsten

Masdevallia melanopus Rchb. f.
Masdevallia melanopus Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Masdevallia melanopus Rchb. f.

Voucher: Roezl s.n.*
Masdevallia mezae Luer
Masdevallia mezae Luer

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Luer s.n.* (SEL)
Masdevallia microptera Luer & Würstle
Masdevallia microptera Luer & Würstle

Masdevallia minuta Lindl.
Masdevallia minuta Lindl.

Masdevallia monogona Königer
Masdevallia monogona Königer

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Königer et al. K-28D* (M)
Masdevallia moyobambae Königer

Masdevallia moyobambae Königer

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. According to Luer (pers.
comm.) this taxon is a synonym of M. weberbaueri.
Voucher: López s.n.* (SEL)
Masdevallia neglecta Königer
Masdevallia neglecta Königer

Note: According to Luer (pers. comm.) this taxon is a synonym of M. rufescens.
Voucher: Meza s.n.*
Masdevallia nidifica Rchb. f.
Masdevallia nidifica Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Masdevallia nidifica Schltr., Masdevallia nidifica Schltr.

Masdevallia norops Luer & Andreetta
Masdevallia norops Luer & Andreetta

Masdevallia ortalis Luer

Masdevallia ortalis Luer = Masdevallia rodolfoi subsp. ortalis (Luer) Luer
Masdevallia pachyura Rchb. f.
Masdevallia pachyura Rchb. f.

Masdevallia paivaeana Rchb. f.
Masdevallia paivaeana Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Masdevallia paivaeana Rchb. f. ex Kraenzl.

Masdevallia pandurilabia C. Schweinf.
Masdevallia pandurilabia C. Schweinf.

Voucher: Macbride 3625*
Masdevallia pernix Königer
Masdevallia pernix Königer

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Masdevallia perpusilla Kraenzl.
Masdevallia perpusilla Kraenzl. = Dryadella perpusilla (Kraenzl.) Luer
Reference: FP 1438: 240; Luer, C. A., 1978: 209.

Note: NN
Masdevallia peruviana Rolfe
Masdevallia peruviana Rolfe

Voucher: Without collector*
Masdevallia phasmatodes Königer
Masdevallia phasmatodes Königer

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Königer et al. K-31* (SEL)
Masdevallia phoenix Luer
Masdevallia phoenix Luer

Masdevallia picea Luer
Masdevallia picea Luer

Masdevallia picturata Rchb. f.
Masdevallia picturata Rchb. f.

Masdevallia plantaginea (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.
Masdevallia plantaginea (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.
Synonyms: Masdevallia plantaginea (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze, Masdevallia plantaginea

(Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl., Masdevallia plantaginea Poepp. & Endl.
Note: According to Luer (pers. comm.), this taxon belongs in Pleurothallis.
Masdevallia polysticta Rchb. f.
Masdevallia polysticta Rchb. f.

$
Masdevallia polysticta subsp.spathulifolia (Kraenzl.) Luer
Masdevallia polysticta subsp. spathulifolia (Kraenzl.) Luer
Synonyms: Masdevallia polysticta spathulifolia Kraenzl.

Masdevallia polysticta var.polysticta
Masdevallia polysticta var. polysticta

Masdevallia prodigiosa Königer
Masdevallia prodigiosa Königer
Reference: Königer, W., 1979: 197; Dodson, pers. comm..

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Königer et al. K-3B* (SEL)
Masdevallia prosartema Königer
Masdevallia prosartema Königer

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
$
Masdevallia pulex Hort.
Masdevallia pulex Hort. = Pleurothallis macroblepharis Rchb. f.
Masdevallia pumila Poepp. & Endl.
Masdevallia pumila Poepp. & Endl.

Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* , Woytkowski 5244 (MO!)
Masdevallia purpurina Schltr.
Masdevallia purpurina Schltr.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Note: According to Luer (pers. comm.), this is a synonym of M. amabilis.
Masdevallia pyxis Luer
Masdevallia pyxis Luer

$
Masdevallia replicata Königer
Masdevallia replicata Königer

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Meza s.n.* (M)
Masdevallia richardsoniana Luer
Masdevallia richardsoniana Luer

Masdevallia rigens Luer
Masdevallia rigens Luer

Voucher: Luer 4088* (SEL!)
Masdevallia rimarima-alba Luer
Masdevallia rimarima-alba Luer

$
Masdevallia rodolfoi (Braas) Luer
Masdevallia rodolfoi (Braas) Luer
Masdevallia rodolfoi (Braas) Luer subsp.rodolfoi
Masdevallia rodolfoi (Braas) Luer subsp. rodolfoi

Masdevallia rodolfoi subsp.ortalis (Luer) Luer
Masdevallia rodolfoi subsp. ortalis (Luer) Luer
Synonyms: Masdevallia rodolfoi ortalis Luer, Masdevallia rodolfoi var. ortalis

Braas
Masdevallia rosea Lindl.
Masdevallia rosea Lindl.
Synonyms: Masdevallia rosea (Luer & Andreetta) Luer, Masdevallia rosea Luer &
Andreetta
Masdevallia rosea subsp. echinata (Luer & Andreetta) Luer

Masdevallia rosea subsp. echinata (Luer & Andreetta) Luer = Masdevallia rosea
Lindl.

Note: NN
Masdevallia roseola Luer
Masdevallia roseola Luer

Masdevallia rubiginosa Königer
Masdevallia rubiginosa Königer

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Würstle et al. W-4B* (SEL)
Masdevallia rufescens Königer
Masdevallia rufescens Königer

Voucher: Koniger 28* (M)
Masdevallia rufolutea Lindl.
Masdevallia rufolutea Lindl. = Masdevallia civilis Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Masdevallia schroederiana Sander
Masdevallia schroederiana Sander

Note: Not known from Peru. Known from Costa Rica.
Masdevallia scitula Königer
Masdevallia scitula Königer

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Masdevallia selenites Königer
Masdevallia selenites Königer

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Masdevallia semiteres Luer & Escobar
Masdevallia semiteres Luer & Escobar

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Luer 2955* (SEL), Smith & Vásquez 3320 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad.
Masdevallia simula Rchb. f.
Masdevallia simula Rchb. f. = Dryadella simula (Rchb. f.) Luer
Masdevallia spathulifolia Kraenzl.
Masdevallia spathulifolia Kraenzl. = Masdevallia polysticta subsp. spathulifolia

(Kraenzl.) Luer
Masdevallia spilantha Königer
Masdevallia spilantha Königer

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Königer et al. K-50E* (M)
Masdevallia splendida Rchb. f.
Masdevallia splendida Rchb. f.

Note: Not reconfirmed. According to Luer (pers. comm.), this is probably a
hybrid.
$
Masdevallia stercorea Königer
Masdevallia stercorea Königer

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Note: According to Luer (pers. comm.), this is a synonym of M. rigens.
Voucher: Meza M-78* (SEL)
Masdevallia stumpflei Braas
Masdevallia stumpflei Braas
Reference: Braas, L. A., 1979: 194.

Voucher: Stumpfle H-1073* (HB. Braas)
Masdevallia tenuicauda Schltr.
Masdevallia tenuicauda Schltr. = Masdevallia nidifica Rchb. f.
Masdevallia tricallosa Königer
Masdevallia tricallosa Königer

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Königer et al. K-3M* (M)
$
Masdevallia triglochin Rchb. f.
Masdevallia triglochin Rchb. f. = Trisetella triglochin (Rchb. f.) Luer
Masdevallia tubulosa subsp.syringodes (Lindl.) Lindl.
Masdevallia tubulosa subsp. syringodes (Lindl.) Lindl.

Masdevallia uniflora Kunth
Masdevallia uniflora Kunth = Masdevallia bonplandii Rchb. f.

Note: NN
Masdevallia uniflora Ruiz & Pav.
Masdevallia uniflora Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: riversides, shrublands. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G photo MO!)
Masdevallia urosalpinx Luer
Masdevallia urosalpinx Luer

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: cloud forests. 1500-2000 m.
Masdevallia ustulata Luer
Masdevallia ustulata Luer

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-2500 m.
Masdevallia vargasii C. Schweinf.
Masdevallia vargasii C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 5528*
Departments: Cuzco.
Masdevallia veitchiana Rchb. f.
Masdevallia veitchiana Rchb. f.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* , Chávez 3410 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Masdevallia venusta Schltr.
Masdevallia venusta Schltr.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Masdevallia wagenerana var. rodolfoi Braas
Masdevallia wagenerana var. rodolfoi Braas = Masdevallia rodolfoi subsp. ortalis

(Luer) Luer
Masdevallia weberbaueri Schltr.
Masdevallia weberbaueri Schltr.

Masdevallia welishii Luer
Masdevallia welishii Luer

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: riversides. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Luer 4085* (SEL!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Masdevallia whiteana Luer
Masdevallia whiteana Luer

Masdevallia wurdackii C. Schweinf.
Masdevallia wurdackii C. Schweinf.
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 859* (US), Bennett 3764 (MO!)
Masdevallia xanthina Rchb. f.
Masdevallia xanthina Rchb. f.

Masdevallia xanthodactyla Rchb. f.
Masdevallia xanthodactyla Rchb. f. = Masdevallia melanopus Rchb. f.
Masdevallia xanthura Schltr.
Masdevallia xanthura Schltr. = Masdevallia bicolor Poepp. & Endl.
$
Masdevallia zebracea Luer
Masdevallia zebracea Luer

Massangea lindenii André
Massangea lindenii André = Guzmania lindenii var. lindenii
Reference: FP 1179: 574; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1977: 1316.
Massangea morreniana hort. ex Linden
Massangea morreniana hort. ex Linden = Guzmania morreniana var. morreniana
Mastichodendron williamsii (Baehni) Baehni ex Bernardi
Mastichodendron williamsii (Baehni) Baehni ex Bernardi = Micropholis guyanensis (A.

DC.) Pierre subsp. guyanensis
Mastigostyla cardenasii R. C. Foster
Mastigostyla cardenasii R. C. Foster

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Cárdenas 2337* (GH!)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Mastigostyla cyrtophylla I.M. Johnst.
Mastigostyla cyrtophylla I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Mastigostyla cyrtophylla (I.M. Johnst.) Diels

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Hopp s.n.* (B photo F), Pennell 13173A (F!)
Mastigostyla herrerae (Vargas) Ravenna
Mastigostyla herrerae (Vargas) Ravenna
Synonyms: Mastigostyla herrerae Vargas

Reference: Ravenna, P., 1964: 56.
Departments: Cuzco.
Mastigostyla hoppii R. C. Foster
Mastigostyla hoppii R. C. Foster
Synonyms: Mastigostyla hoppii Diels

Voucher: Hopp s.n.* (B photo G), Pennell 13180 (F!)
Mastigostyla humilis Ravenna
Mastigostyla humilis Ravenna

Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 13769* (Hb. Ravenna)
Departments: Cuzco.
Mastigostyla macbridei (R. Foster) Ravenna
Mastigostyla macbridei (R. Foster) Ravenna
Synonyms: Mastigostyla macbridei R. Foster

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Macbride 3046* (MO!)
Departments: Lima.
Mastigostyla major Ravenna
Mastigostyla major Ravenna

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Ravenna 73* (Hb. Ravenna)
Mastigostyla peruviana Foster,R.C.
Mastigostyla peruviana Foster,R.C.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: grasslands. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Stork & Horton 10726* (F!)
Matamoria spicata (B. Juss. ex Aubl.) La Llave & Lex.

Matamoria spicata (B. Juss. ex Aubl.) La Llave & Lex. = Pseudelephantopus spicatus
(B. Juss. ex Aubl.) J.B. Rohr
Matayba adenanthera Radlk.
Matayba adenanthera Radlk.
Reference: Gereau, R. E., 1990: 377.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Matayba arborescens (Aubl.) Radlk.
Matayba arborescens (Aubl.) Radlk.
Synonyms: Matayba arborescens Aubl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 386; Gereau, R. E., 1990: 377; Spichiger, R., J.
Meroz, P. Loizeau, & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1990: 174.
Voucher: Spichiger et al. 1714 (MO!)
Matayba guianensis Aubl.
Matayba guianensis Aubl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 387; Gereau, R. E., 1990: 377.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Matayba inelegans Spruce ex Radlk.

Matayba inelegans Spruce ex Radlk.

Note: The plant illustrated in Spichiger (1990: 180) as M. purgans vel aff. is M.
inelegans.
Matayba jauaensis Steyerm.
Matayba jauaensis Steyerm. = Matayba oligandra Sandwith
Matayba macrocarpa Gereau
Matayba macrocarpa Gereau
Reference: Gereau, R. E., 1990: 374; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau, & L.
Stutz de Ortega, 1990: 176.
Voucher: Vásquez & Jaramillo 6089* (MO!), Daly et al. 5648 (MO!)
Matayba macrolepis Radlk.
Matayba macrolepis Radlk.

Matayba oligandra Sandwith

Matayba oligandra Sandwith
Synonyms: Matayba oligandra (Steyermark) Steyerm., Matayba oligandra Steyerm.,

Matayba oligandra Steyerm.
Voucher: Cornejo 20/12 (MO!)
Matayba oligandra var. ptariana (Steyermark) Steyerm.
Matayba oligandra var. ptariana (Steyermark) Steyerm. = Matayba oligandra Sandwith
Matayba peruviana Radlk.
Matayba peruviana Radlk.
Voucher: Spruce 4619* (K), Spichiger et al. 1709 (G)
Matayba purgans (Poepp.) Radlk.
Matayba purgans (Poepp.) Radlk.
Synonyms: Matayba purgans Poepp.

$
Matelea aliciae Morillo
Matelea aliciae Morillo

Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: desert, disturbed areas, rocky
slopes. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Lourteig & Miranda 2996* (P), Stevens 21992 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad.
Matelea brasiliensis (Schltr.) Spellman
Matelea brasiliensis (Schltr.) Spellman
Synonyms: Matelea brasiliensis Schltr.

Reference: Spellman, D. L., 1975: 145.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 6119 (MO!, US!)
Matelea camiloana Morillo
Matelea camiloana Morillo

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Matelea dasytricha (Schltr.) Fontella
Matelea dasytricha (Schltr.) Fontella
Synonyms: Matelea dasytricha Schltr.

Reference: Fontella, J., 1984: 55; Goyder, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native vine. 500-1500 m.
Voucher: Klug 3190 (K!)
Matelea denticulata (Vahl) Fontella & E.A. Schwarz
Matelea denticulata (Vahl) Fontella & E.A. Schwarz = Gonolobus denticulatus (Vahl)
W.D. Stevens
Reference: 36883; 334.
Matelea glandulosa (Poepp. ex Decne.) Morillo
Matelea glandulosa (Poepp. ex Decne.) Morillo
Synonyms: Matelea glandulosa Poepp. ex Decne.

Voucher: Poeppig 1418* (W photo F)
Matelea klugii Morillo
Matelea klugii Morillo

Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Klug 4342* (MO!)n
Matelea longifolia (Markgr.) Morillo
Matelea longifolia (Markgr.) Morillo
Synonyms: Matelea longifolia Markgr.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA photo F!)
Matelea macrocarpa (Poepp.) Morillo
Matelea macrocarpa (Poepp.) Morillo
Synonyms: Matelea macrocarpa Poepp.

Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W photo F!)
Matelea marginata Morillo
Matelea marginata Morillo

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Bismarck 6332* (MO!)
Matelea melinii (Malme) Morillo
Matelea melinii (Malme) Morillo
Synonyms: Matelea melinii Malme

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Melin 80* (S)
Matelea pedicellata (Malme) Morillo

Matelea pedicellata (Malme) Morillo
Synonyms: Matelea pedicellata Malme

Voucher: Weberbauer 6959* (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Matelea peruviana Morillo
Matelea peruviana Morillo

Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Matelea rivularis Woodson
Matelea rivularis Woodson

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1500 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
Matelea ruiz-pavonii Morillo
Matelea ruiz-pavonii Morillo

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón 5/94* (MO!)
$
Matelea schunkei Morillo
Matelea schunkei Morillo

Voucher: Schunke 3206* (F)
Matelea subsessilifolia Morillo
Matelea subsessilifolia Morillo

Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Matelea vargasii Morillo
Matelea vargasii Morillo

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Matelea viridiflora (G. Mey.) Woodson
Matelea viridiflora (G. Mey.) Woodson = Gonolobus denticulatus (Vahl) W.D. Stevens
Reference: Stevens, W. D., 1988: 334.

$
Matelea weberbaueri Morillo
Matelea weberbaueri Morillo

Matelea woytkowskii Morillo
Matelea woytkowskii Morillo

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean I: forests, disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 5694* (GH)
Mathewsia densifolia Rollins
Mathewsia densifolia Rollins
Reference: Rollins, R. C., 1966: 110.

Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 11678* (GH)
Mathewsia matthioloides (Schlecht.) C. Muell. in Walp.
Mathewsia matthioloides (Schlecht.) C. Muell. in Walp.
Synonyms: Mathewsia matthioloides Schlecht.

Voucher: Lechler 1702* (B)
Departments: Puno.
Mathewsia peruviana O.E. Schulz
Mathewsia peruviana O.E. Schulz

Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: lomas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Raimondi s.n.* (B)
Mathieua galanthoides Klotzsch
Mathieua galanthoides Klotzsch
Reference: Flora Peru: 1190: 674; Meerow, A. W., 1989: 212.

Matisia bicolor Ducke
Matisia bicolor Ducke
Synonyms: Matisia bicolor (Cuatrecasas) J.F. Macbr., Matisia bicolor Standl.,

Matisia bicolor Standl. ex Cuatrec.
Reference: Alverson, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Matisia bracteolosa Ducke

Matisia bracteolosa Ducke
Synonyms: Matisia bracteolosa (Ducke) Cuatrec., Matisia bracteolosa Cuatrec.

Matisia cordata Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl.
Matisia cordata Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl.
Synonyms: Matisia cordata (Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl.) Vischer

Voucher: Mexia 8305 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Matisia huallagensis Cuatrec.
Matisia huallagensis Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Matisia huallagensis (Cuatrecasas) J.F. Macbr.

Matisia intricata (Robyns & Nilsson) Alverson
Matisia intricata (Robyns & Nilsson) Alverson
Synonyms: Matisia intricata Robyns & Nilsson

Reference: Alverson, W. S., 1989: 386.
$
Matisia lasiocalyx Schum.
Matisia lasiocalyx Schum.
Synonyms: Matisia lasiocalyx (Schum.) Vischer, Matisia lasiocalyx Robyns

Reference: Flora Peru: 1303: 617; Alverson, pers. comm..
Matisia longitubulosa (Robyns) Cuatrec.
Matisia longitubulosa (Robyns) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Matisia longitubulosa Robyns

Voucher: Wurdack 2102* (US)
Matisia malacocalyx (Robyns & Nilsson) Alverson
Matisia malacocalyx (Robyns & Nilsson) Alverson
Synonyms: Matisia malacocalyx Robyns & Nilsson

Matisia muricata (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Matisia muricata (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec. = Matisia ochrocalyx Schum.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1954: 479; Alverson, pers. comm..
$
Matisia obliquifolia Standl.
Matisia obliquifolia Standl.
Synonyms: Matisia obliquifolia Cuatrec.

Reference: Alverson, pers. comm..
Matisia oblongifolia Poepp. & Endl.
Matisia oblongifolia Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Matisia oblongifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) Vischer

Matisia ochrocalyx Schum.
Matisia ochrocalyx Schum.
Synonyms: Matisia ochrocalyx (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec., Matisia ochrocalyx (Schum.)

Vischer, Matisia ochrocalyx Cuatrec.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1303: 619; Alverson, W. S., 1989: 384.
Voucher: JHR 6/4 (G)
Matisia rhombifolia Standl. ex Cuatrec.
Matisia rhombifolia Standl. ex Cuatrec. = Matisia bicolor Ducke
Reference: FP 1303: 620; Cuatrecasas, J., 1954: 479; Alverson, pers. comm..
Matisia stenopetala Standl. & Cuatrec.

Matisia stenopetala Standl. & Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Matisia stenopetala (Standl. & Cuatrec.) J.F. Macbr.

Matricaria courrantiana DC.
Matricaria courrantiana DC. = Matricaria recutita L.
Matricaria parthenium L.
Matricaria parthenium L. = Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch. Bip.
Matricaria recutita L.
Matricaria recutita L.
Synonyms: Matricaria recutita DC.

Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 458 (F!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cuzco, Junín, Lima, Loreto.
Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br.
Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br.

Synonyms: Matthiola incana L.
Matucana aurantiaca (Vaupel) Buxb.
Matucana aurantiaca (Vaupel) Buxb.
Synonyms: Matucana aurantiaca (Kimnach & Hutchison) Backeb., Matucana aurantiaca

(Kimnach & Hutchison) Buxb., Matucana aurantiaca (Kimnach & Hutchison) Donald,
Matucana aurantiaca (Vaupel) Backeb., Matucana aurantiaca (Vaupel) Kimnach &
Hutchison, Matucana aurantiaca (Vaupel) Werdermann, Matucana aurantiaca Kimnach &
Hutchison, Matucana aurantiaca Vaupel
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1489; Hunt, D., 1992: 89.
Ecology: Endemic Clustered, globular cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands.
2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3846* (B), Ritter 596 (U)
Matucana aureiflora F. Ritter
Matucana aureiflora F. Ritter
Synonyms: Matucana aureiflora (F. Ritter) Backeb., Matucana aureiflora (F. Ritter)
Donald
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Ritter 1310* (U)
Matucana blancii Backeb.
Matucana blancii Backeb.
Synonyms: Matucana blancii (F. Ritter) Donald, Matucana blancii Backeb., Matucana
blancii F. Ritter, Matucana blancii F. Ritter, Matucana blancii F. Ritter, Matucana
blancii Rauh & Backeb., Matucana blancii Rauh & Backeb., Matucana blancii Rauh &
Backeb., Matucana blancii Rauh & Backeb., Matucana blancii Rauh & Backeb., Matucana
blancii Rauh & Backeb., Matucana blancii Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 71; Rauh, W., 1958: 356; Hunt, D., 1992: 89.
Ecology: Endemic Solitary or clustered, globular cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes,
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992).
Voucher: Rauh K55b [1956]* (ZSS)
Matucana blancii var. nigriarmata Backeb.
Matucana blancii var. nigriarmata Backeb. = Matucana blancii Backeb.
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 71; Rauh, W., 1958: 356.

Note: Not treated by Ritter (1981).
Matucana breviflora Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana breviflora Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana hystrix Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 18; Rauh, W., 1958: 341; Ritter, F., 1981: 1500.
Note: Treated as a variety of M. multicolor by Ritter (1981).
Matucana calliantha F. Ritter
Matucana calliantha F. Ritter
Synonyms: Matucana calliantha F. Ritter

Ecology: Endemic Solitary or clustered, globular cactus. Andean I-II: dry valleys,
rocky slopes. 500-2000 m.
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). Treated by Ritter (1981) with two
varieties: calliantha and prolifera.
Voucher: Ritter 1308* (U), Ritter 1308a (U)
Matucana calliantha var. prolifera F. Ritter
Matucana calliantha var. prolifera F. Ritter = Matucana calliantha F. Ritter

Note: Treated as an accepted taxon by Ritter (1981).
$
Matucana calocephala Skarupke
Matucana calocephala Skarupke = Matucana myriacantha (Vaupel) Buxb.
Reference: Hunt, D., 1992: 89.

Note: Not treated by Ritter (1981).
Matucana calvescens (Kimnach & Hutchison) Buxb.
Matucana calvescens (Kimnach & Hutchison) Buxb. = Matucana aurantiaca (Vaupel)

Buxb.
Matucana celendinensis F. Ritter
Matucana celendinensis F. Ritter
Synonyms: Matucana celendinensis (F. Ritter) Bregmann, Matucana celendinensis (F.

Ritter) Donald
Reference: Ritter, F., 1966: 118; Ritter, F., 1981: 1491; Bregman, R., A.
Meerstadt, P. Melis & A. B. Pullen, 1988: 101.
Ecology: Endemic Solitary or clustered, globular cactus. Andean II: dry valleys,
Note: Hunt (1992) lists this as "=Matucana aurantiaca (x intertexta?)."
Matucana cereoides Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana cereoides Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana haynei (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Britton &
Rose
$
Matucana comacephala F. Ritter
Matucana comacephala F. Ritter = Matucana myriacantha (Vaupel) Buxb.
Reference: Ritter, F., 1958: 92; Ritter, F., 1981: 1492; Hunt, D., 1992: 89.
Matucana crinifera F. Ritter
Matucana crinifera F. Ritter = Matucana blancii Backeb.
Matucana currundayensis F. Ritter
Matucana currundayensis F. Ritter

Voucher: Ritter 164* (ZSS)
Matucana elongata Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana elongata Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana haynei (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Britton &
Rose
Matucana formosa F. Ritter
Matucana formosa F. Ritter
Synonyms: Matucana formosa (F. Ritter) Backeb., Matucana formosa (F. Ritter) Buxb.,
Matucana formosa (F. Ritter) Donald, Matucana formosa F. Ritter
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Andean I: dry valleys, rocky slopes.
500-1000 m.
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). Treated by Ritter (1963a, 1981) with
two varieties: formosa and minor. See note under Submatucana formosa.
Voucher: Ritter 658* (U), Ritter 1072 (U)
Matucana formosa var. minor F. Ritter
Matucana formosa var. minor F. Ritter = Matucana formosa F. Ritter
Reference: Ritter, F., 1963: 125; Ritter, F., 1981: 1495.

Note: Treated as an accepted taxon by Ritter (1963, 1981).
Matucana fruticosa F. Ritter
Matucana fruticosa F. Ritter
Synonyms: Matucana fruticosa (F. Ritter) Donald

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Matucana hastifera F. Ritter
Matucana hastifera F. Ritter

Ecology: Endemic Clustered, globular cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m.
Matucana haynei (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose

Matucana haynei (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose
Synonyms: Matucana haynei (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Kimnach, Matucana haynei (Otto)

Croucher, Matucana haynei (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter, Matucana haynei Backeb.,
Matucana haynei Backeb., Matucana haynei F. Ritter, Matucana haynei Otto ex Salm-
Dyck, Matucana haynei Rauh & Backeb., Matucana haynei Rauh & Backeb., Matucana
haynei Rauh & Backeb., Matucana haynei Rauh & Backeb., Matucana haynei Rauh &
Backeb.
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1922: 102; Rauh, W., 1958: 338; Ritter, F.,
1981: 1497.
Note: Treated by Ritter (1981) with two varieties: haynei and elongata.
Voucher: Rose & Rose 18651 (US)
Departments: Lima.
Matucana haynei var. elongata (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter
Matucana haynei var. elongata (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter = Matucana haynei (Otto ex
Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose

Note: Treated as an accepted taxon by Ritter (1981).
Matucana haynei var. erectipetala Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana haynei var. erectipetala Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana haynei (Otto ex Salm-
Dyck) Britton & Rose
Matucana herzogiana Backeb.
Matucana herzogiana Backeb. = Matucana haynei (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose
Matucana herzogiana var. perplexa Backeb.

Matucana herzogiana var. perplexa Backeb. = Matucana haynei (Otto ex Salm-Dyck)
Britton & Rose
Matucana huagalensis (Donald & A.B. Lau) Bregmann
Matucana huagalensis (Donald & A.B. Lau) Bregmann
Synonyms: Matucana huagalensis Donald & A.B. Lau

Reference: Bregman, R., A. Meerstadt, P. Melis & A. B. Pullen, 1988: 155; Hunt, D.,
1992: 89.
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands.
2000-2500 m.
Note: Although listed as a provisionally accepted name by Hunt (1992), its basionym
(Borzicactus huagalensis) is listed as a synonym of M. aurantiaca (p. 37).
Voucher: Lau 174* (HEID)
Matucana humboldtii (Kunth) Buxb.
Matucana humboldtii (Kunth) Buxb. = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber
Reference: Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16; Hunt, D., 1992: 89.
Matucana hystrix Rauh & Backeb.
Synonyms: Matucana hystrix (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter, Matucana hystrix (Rauh &
Backeb.) F. Ritter, Matucana hystrix F. Ritter, Matucana hystrix Rauh & Backeb.,
Reference: Flora Peru: Treated as a variety of M. multicolor by Ritter (1981).;
Backeberg, C., 1956: 19; Rauh, W., 1958: 342; Ritter, F., 1981: 1499.
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II-III: rocky slopes,
Voucher: Rauh K113 [1956]* (ZSS), Rauh K123 [1956] (ZSS)
$
Matucana icosagona (Kunth) Buxb.
Matucana icosagona (Kunth) Buxb. = Cleistocactus icosagonus (Kunth) A. Weber
Reference: Madsen, J. E., 1989: 16.
Matucana intertexta F. Ritter
Matucana intertexta F. Ritter
Synonyms: Matucana intertexta (F. Ritter) Backeb., Matucana intertexta (F. Ritter)
Donald
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes.
2500-3000 m.
Note: Although listed as an accepted species by Hunt (1992: 37, 132), two homotypic
names (Borzicactus intertextus and Submatucana intertexta) are listed as synonyms
of M. aurantiaca (p. 37, 132).
Matucana intertexta var. celendinensis (F. Ritter) Bregmann
Matucana intertexta var. celendinensis (F. Ritter) Bregmann = Matucana

celendinensis F. Ritter
Reference: Bregman, R., A. Meerstadt, P. Melis & A. B. Pullen, 1988: 100.

Note: See note under M. celendinensis.
Matucana krahnii (Donald) Bregmann
Matucana krahnii (Donald) Bregmann
Synonyms: Matucana krahnii Donald

Reference: Bregman, R., A. Meerstadt, P. Melis & A. B. Pullen, 1987: 158; Hunt, D.,
1992: 89.
1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Krahn 4954* (POM), Hutchison & Wright 7015 (UC)
Matucana madisoniorum (Hutchison) G.D. Rowley
Matucana madisoniorum (Hutchison) G.D. Rowley
Synonyms: Matucana madisoniorum (Hutchison) Backeb., Matucana madisoniorum

(Hutchison) Buxb., Matucana madisoniorum (Hutchison) F. Ritter, Matucana
madisoniorum Hutchison
Reference: Rowley, G. D., 1973: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1487; Bregman, R., 1988: 173.
Ecology: Endemic Solitary or clustered, globular cactus. Amazonian: dry valleys,

Note: Treated under Eomatucana by Ritter (1981).
Voucher: Hutchison 1521* (UC), UC Botanical Garden 57.880 (living accession)
Matucana madisoniorum var. pujupatii (Donald & A.B. Lau) G.D. Rowley
Matucana madisoniorum var. pujupatii (Donald & A.B. Lau) G.D. Rowley = Matucana
pujupatii (Donald & A.B. Lau) Bregmann
Reference: Rowley, G. D., 1973: 10; Bregman, R., 1988: 179.
Matucana megalantha F. Ritter
Matucana megalantha F. Ritter = Matucana blancii Backeb.
Reference: Ritter, F., 1966: 117; Donald, J. D., 1971: 10; Ritter, F., 1981: 1499.
Note: Treated as an accepted species by Ritter (1981).
Matucana mirabilis Buining
Matucana mirabilis Buining

Synonyms: Matucana mirabilis (Buining) Backeb.
Reference: Buining, A. F. H., 1963: 39; Ritter, F., 1981: 1370; Hunt, D., 1992: 89.
Ecology: Endemic Solitary or clustered, globular cactus. .

Note: According to Hunt (1992) this is a hybrid between Cleistocactus fieldianus
and Matucana supertexta.
Voucher: Akers s.n.* (ZSS)
Departments: Lima.
Matucana multicolor Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana multicolor Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana hystrix Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana multicolor var. breviflora (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter
Matucana multicolor var. breviflora (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter = Matucana hystrix
Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana multicolor var. hystrix (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter
Matucana multicolor var. hystrix (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter = Matucana hystrix Rauh
& Backeb.
Matucana myriacantha (Vaupel) Buxb.
Matucana myriacantha (Vaupel) Buxb.
Synonyms: Matucana myriacantha (Vaupel) Backeb., Matucana myriacantha (Vaupel)

Britton & Rose, Matucana myriacantha (Vaupel) Donald, Matucana myriacantha (Vaupel)
Donald, Matucana myriacantha F. Ritter, Matucana myriacantha F. Ritter, Matucana
myriacantha F. Ritter, Matucana myriacantha Skarupke, Matucana myriacantha Vaupel
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes,
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). Hunt (1992: 34, 132) gives Arequipa
myriacantha and Submatucana myriacantha as synonyms of M. weberbaueri but accepts
M. myriacantha (a homotypic name) as accepted provisionally (p. 89) with
Borzicactus myriacanthus linked as a synonym (p. 37).
Voucher: Weberbauer 4272* (B), Ritter 587 (ZSS)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, La Libertad.
Matucana oreodoxa (F. Ritter) Slaba
Matucana oreodoxa (F. Ritter) Slaba
Synonyms: Matucana oreodoxa (F. Ritter) Donald, Matucana oreodoxa F. Ritter

Voucher: Ritter s.n.*
Matucana pallarensis F. Ritter
Matucana pallarensis F. Ritter

Matucana paucicostata F. Ritter
Matucana paucicostata F. Ritter
Synonyms: Matucana paucicostata (F. Ritter) Donald, Matucana paucicostata Donald &
A.B. Lau
2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Ritter 597* (U), Lau 187A (HEID)
Matucana polzii L. Diers, Donald & E. Zecher
Matucana polzii L. Diers, Donald & E. Zecher

Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. .
Voucher: Zecher 762* (KOELN)
Matucana pujupatii (Donald & A.B. Lau) Bregmann
Matucana pujupatii (Donald & A.B. Lau) Bregmann
Synonyms: Matucana pujupatii (Donald & A.B. Lau) G.D. Rowley, Matucana pujupatii
Donald & A.B. Lau
Reference: Bregman, R., 1988: 179.
Ecology: Endemic Solitary or clustered, globular cactus. Amazonian: dry valleys,
Note: Listed by Hunt (1992) as a possible hybrid "=Matucana madisoniorum [x
paucicostata?]." Alternatively claimed by Bregman (1988) to represent a distinct
species allopatric with M. madisoniorum.
Voucher: Lau 107* (HEID)
Matucana purpureoalba F. Ritter
Matucana purpureoalba F. Ritter = Matucana myriacantha (Vaupel) Buxb.
Matucana ritteri Buining
Matucana ritteri Buining

Synonyms: Matucana ritteri (Buining) Backeb., Matucana ritteri (Buining) Donald
Reference: Buining, A. F. H., 1959: 2; Ritter, F., 1981: 1503; Hunt, D., 1992: 90.
2000-2500 m.
Departments: Lima.
Matucana robusta F. Ritter
Matucana robusta F. Ritter = Matucana hystrix Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana supertexta F. Ritter
Matucana supertexta F. Ritter = Matucana haynei (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Britton & Rose
Matucana tuberculata (Donald) Bregman #et al.#
Matucana tuberculata (Donald) Bregman #et al.#
Synonyms: Matucana tuberculata Donald, Matucana tuberculata F. Ritter

Voucher: Hutchison et al. 6218* (POM), Ritter 1073 (U)
Matucana tuberculosa F. Ritter
Matucana tuberculosa F. Ritter = Matucana tuberculata (Donald) Bregman #et al.#

$
Matucana variabilis Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana variabilis Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana haynei (Otto ex Salm-Dyck) Britton &
Rose
Matucana variabilis var. fuscata Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana variabilis var. fuscata Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana haynei (Otto ex Salm-
Dyck) Britton & Rose
Matucana weberbaueri (Vaupel) Backeb.
Matucana weberbaueri (Vaupel) Backeb.
Synonyms: Matucana weberbaueri (Vaupel) Donald, Matucana weberbaueri Donald,

Matucana weberbaueri Vaupel
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Andean II: dry valleys, shrublands.
2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4271* (B), Ritter 1304 (U)
Matucana winteri F. Ritter
Matucana winteri F. Ritter = Matucana myriacantha (Vaupel) Buxb.
Matucana yanganucensis Rauh & Backeb.

Matucana yanganucensis Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana blancii Backeb.
Matucana yanganucensis var. albispina Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana yanganucensis var. albispina Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana blancii Backeb.
Matucana yanganucensis var. fuscispina Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana yanganucensis var. fuscispina Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana blancii Backeb.
Matucana yanganucensis var. longistyla Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana yanganucensis var. longistyla Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana blancii Backeb.
Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 352; Ritter, F., 1981: 1506.
Matucana yanganucensis var. parviflora Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana yanganucensis var. parviflora Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana blancii Backeb.
Matucana yanganucensis var. salmonea Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana yanganucensis var. salmonea Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana blancii Backeb.
$
Matucana yanganucensis var. setosa F. Ritter
Matucana yanganucensis var. setosa F. Ritter = Matucana blancii Backeb.
Matucana yanganucensis var. suberecta Rauh & Backeb.
Matucana yanganucensis var. suberecta Rauh & Backeb. = Matucana blancii Backeb.
Note: Treated under M. megalantha by Ritter (1981).
Maurandya barclaiana Lindl.
Maurandya barclaiana Lindl.
Synonyms: Maurandya barclaiana Lindl.

Maurandya barclayana Lindl.
Maurandya barclayana Lindl. = Maurandya barclaiana Lindl.
Maurandya erubescens (D. Don) Gray
Maurandya erubescens (D. Don) Gray = Lophospermum erubescens D. Don

$
Mauria aurantiodora Ruiz ex Engl.
Mauria aurantiodora Ruiz ex Engl. = Mauria suaveolens Poepp.
Reference: FP 681: 246; Barfod, A. S., 1987: 29.
Mauria biringo Tul.
Mauria biringo Tul. = Mauria suaveolens Poepp.
Mauria biringo var. ruizii Engl.
Mauria biringo var. ruizii Engl. = Mauria suaveolens Poepp.
Mauria biringo var. weberbaueri Loes.
Mauria biringo var. weberbaueri Loes. = Mauria suaveolens Poepp.
Mauria cuatrecasasii subsp.dillonii Renteria
Mauria cuatrecasasii subsp. dillonii Renteria
Mauria denticulata J.F. Macbr.

Mauria denticulata J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Weberbauer 7546* (B), Chávez 3454 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco.
Mauria ferruginea Tul.
Mauria ferruginea Tul.
Mauria heterophylla Kunth
Mauria heterophylla Kunth
Synonyms: Mauria heterophylla (Tul.) Engl., Mauria heterophylla Loes., Mauria

heterophylla Tul.
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-III: shrublands. 500-4000 m.
Voucher: Gentry & Smith 35909 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, La Libertad, Pasco,
Piura, Puno, San Martín, Tumbes.
Mauria heterophylla var. contracta Loes.
Mauria heterophylla var. contracta Loes. = Mauria heterophylla Kunth
Mauria heterophylla var. puberula (Tul.) Engl.
Mauria heterophylla var. puberula (Tul.) Engl. = Mauria heterophylla Kunth

$
Mauria killipii F. Barkley
Mauria killipii F. Barkley
Reference: Flora Peru: 681: 248; Barkley, F. A., 1947: 77.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: forests. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24182* (F)
Mauria peruviana Cuatrec.
Mauria peruviana Cuatrec.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests, riversides. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6692* (F), Weberbauer 6687 (F)
Mauria peruviana subsp.peruviana
Mauria peruviana subsp. peruviana
Mauria peruviana subsp.ravenii Renteria
Mauria peruviana subsp. ravenii Renteria
Mauria puberula Tul.
Mauria puberula Tul. = Mauria heterophylla Kunth
Reference: Barfod, A. S., 1987: 27.

$
Mauria sericea Loes.
Mauria sericea Loes.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1981* (B photo F!, MOL!), Macbride & Featherstone 3937 (F)
Mauria sessiliflora Standl.
Mauria sessiliflora Standl.
Mauria simplicifolia Kunth
Mauria simplicifolia Kunth

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: forests, riversides. 1500-3000 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Piura, San Martín.
Mauria suaveolens Poepp.
Mauria suaveolens Poepp.
Synonyms: Mauria suaveolens Engl., Mauria suaveolens Loes., Mauria suaveolens

Marchand, Mauria suaveolens Ruiz ex Engl., Mauria suaveolens Ruiz ex Engl., Mauria
suaveolens Tul.
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 500-2500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1390* (P photo NY), Klug 4016 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, San Martín.
$
Mauria subserrata Loes.
Mauria subserrata Loes.

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5070* (B photo F!), Peyton & Peyton 1145 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Mauria trichothyrsa Loes.
Mauria trichothyrsa Loes.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m.
Mauritia carana Wallace
Mauritia carana Wallace
Reference: Moussa, F., F. Kahn, A. Henderson, L. Brako, & M. Hoff, 1992: 569, 593.
Voucher: Mejía s.n. (USM)
Mauritia flexuosa L. f.
Mauritia flexuosa L. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 327; Balick, M. J., 1985: 5.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 27171 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín, Ucayali.
$
Mauritia peruviana Becc.
Mauritia peruviana Becc. = Mauritiella aculeata (Kunth) Burret
Mauritia vinifera Mart.
Mauritia vinifera Mart.

Mauritiella aculeata (Kunth) Burret
Mauritiella aculeata (Kunth) Burret
Synonyms: Mauritiella aculeata (Becc.) A.D. Hawkes, Mauritiella aculeata (Becc.)

Burret, Mauritiella aculeata Becc.
Mauritiella peruviana (Becc.) Burret
Mauritiella peruviana (Becc.) Burret = Mauritiella aculeata (Kunth) Burret
Maxillaria abelei Schltr.
Maxillaria abelei Schltr. = Maxillaria rufescens Lindl.

$
Maxillaria adendrobium (Rchb. f.) Dressler
Maxillaria adendrobium (Rchb. f.) Dressler
Synonyms: Maxillaria adendrobium Rchb. f.

Maxillaria affinis (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay
Maxillaria affinis (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay
Synonyms: Maxillaria affinis (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f., Maxillaria affinis Poepp. &
Endl.
Reference: Garay, L. A., 1962: 527; Dodson, 1992.
Maxillaria aggregata (Kunth) Lindl.
Maxillaria aggregata (Kunth) Lindl.

Departments: Amazonas, Pasco.
Maxillaria alata Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria alata Ruiz & Pav. = Cyrtidiorchis alata (Lindl.) Rauschert

$
Maxillaria alba (Hooker) Lindl.
Maxillaria alba (Hooker) Lindl.
Synonyms: Maxillaria alba Hooker

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 4732
Maxillaria alpestris Lindl.
Maxillaria alpestris Lindl.
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2000-4500
m.
Voucher: Barbour 3727 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Pasco.
Maxillaria alticola C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria alticola C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Maxillaria alticola Lindl.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: cloud forests, grasslands, shrublands.
2000-3000 m.
Maxillaria angustibulbosa C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria angustibulbosa C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Maxillaria arbuscula (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Maxillaria arbuscula (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Maxillaria arbuscula Lindl., Maxillaria arbuscula Ruiz & Pav.

Maxillaria argyrophylla Poepp. & Endl.
Maxillaria argyrophylla Poepp. & Endl.

Voucher: Poeppig 1672* , Woytkowski 5256 (MO!)
Maxillaria attenuata Ames & C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria attenuata Ames & C. Schweinf.

Maxillaria aurea (Poepp. & Endl.) L.O. Williams
Maxillaria aurea (Poepp. & Endl.) L.O. Williams

Synonyms: Maxillaria aurea (Poepp. & Endl.) Hoehne, Maxillaria aurea Poepp. &
Endl., Maxillaria aurea Schltr.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: cloud forests, elfin forests. 500-3000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1742* , Barbour 3782 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco.
Maxillaria aurea var. gigantea (Lindl.) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria aurea var. gigantea (Lindl.) C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria gigantea (Lindl.)

Dodson
Maxillaria batemanii Poepp. & Endl.
Maxillaria batemanii Poepp. & Endl.

Maxillaria bicallosa (Rchb. f.) Garay
Maxillaria bicallosa (Rchb. f.) Garay
Synonyms: Maxillaria bicallosa Rchb. f., Maxillaria bicallosa Schltr.

Reference: Garay, L. A., 1962: 527; Dodson, pers. comm..
Maxillaria bicolor Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria bicolor Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Maxillaria bicolor (R. & P.) Bateman ex Loudon, Maxillaria bicolor (Ruiz
& Pav.) Pers.
Note: Carnevali (pers. comm.) believes this taxon is a Xylobium.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.*
Maxillaria bolivarensis C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria bolivarensis C. Schweinf.
Reference: Schweinfurth, C., 1962: 22; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx..

Departments: Cuzco.
Maxillaria brachypetala Schltr.
Maxillaria brachypetala Schltr.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Maxillaria bractescens Lindl.
Maxillaria bractescens Lindl. = Xylobium bractescens (Lindl.) Kraenzl.
Maxillaria brevipedunculata Ames & C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria brevipedunculata Ames & C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria nasuta Rchb. f.

Maxillaria breviscapa Poepp. & Endl.
Maxillaria breviscapa Poepp. & Endl.

Maxillaria brunnea Linden & Rchb. f.
Maxillaria brunnea Linden & Rchb. f. = Maxillaria porrecta Lindl.
Reference: Dodson, 1992..
Maxillaria caespitifica Rchb. f.
Maxillaria caespitifica Rchb. f.
Reference: Christenson, pers. comm.; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.

Maxillaria caespitosa C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria caespitosa C. Schweinf.
Ecology. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Siebert 2260*
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Maxillaria calantha Schltr.
Maxillaria calantha Schltr.

Ecology: Native emergent. .
Maxillaria callichroma Rolfe
Maxillaria callichroma Rolfe

Note: Carnevalli (pers. comm.) considers that this specimen is not known from Peru.
Voucher: Bennett & Arias 3748 (MO!)

Maxillaria camaridii Rchb. f.
Maxillaria camaridii Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Maxillaria camaridii (Lodd. ex Lindl.) Lindl., Maxillaria camaridii

Hooker, Maxillaria camaridii Lindl., Maxillaria camaridii Schltr.
Maxillaria cassapensis Rchb. f.
Maxillaria cassapensis Rchb. f. = Maxillaria graminifolia (Kunth) Rchb. f.

$
Maxillaria chartacifolia Ames & C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria chartacifolia Ames & C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria christobalensis Rchb. f.
Maxillaria christobalensis Rchb. f.

Maxillaria ciliata Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria ciliata Ruiz & Pav. = Lycaste ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl. ex Rchb. f.
Maxillaria cinnabarina Lindl. ex Rolfe
Maxillaria cinnabarina Lindl. ex Rolfe = Lycaste denningiana Rchb. f.
Maxillaria cleistogama Brieger & Illg
Maxillaria cleistogama Brieger & Illg

Maxillaria colleyi Bateman ex Lindl.
Maxillaria colleyi Bateman ex Lindl. = Xylobium colleyi (Bateman ex Lindl.) Rolfe
Maxillaria colleyi Planch.
Maxillaria colleyi Planch. = Batemannia colleyi Lindl.

Note: nom. illeg.
Maxillaria colorata Rchb. f.
Maxillaria colorata Rchb. f.

Voucher: Warscewicz s.n.*
Maxillaria concava Lindl.
Maxillaria concava Lindl. = Xylobium foveatum (Lindl.) Nicholson
Maxillaria conferta (Griseb.) C. Schweinf. ex Léon

Maxillaria conferta (Griseb.) C. Schweinf. ex Léon = Maxillaria parviflora
(Poepp. & Endl.) Garay
Reference: Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Maxillaria cornuta C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria cornuta C. Schweinf.

Voucher: Schunke s.n.*
Maxillaria costata Lindl.
Maxillaria costata Lindl. = Lycaste ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl. ex Rchb. f.
Maxillaria crassicaulis C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria crassicaulis C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria haemathodes (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Reference: FP 1473: 688; 1510: 60; Garay, L. A., 1962: 528; Dodson, pers. comm..
Maxillaria crocea Lindl.
Maxillaria crocea Lindl. = Maxillaria lindleyana Schltr.
$
Maxillaria crocea Poepp. & Endl.
Maxillaria crocea Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Maxillaria crocea Steud.

Maxillaria cuneiformis Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria cuneiformis Ruiz & Pav.

Maxillaria cuzcoensis C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria cuzcoensis C. Schweinf.

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean II: forests, rocky slopes, shrublands.
1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7834* , Vargas 2527 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Maxillaria densifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.
Maxillaria densifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Maxillaria densifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) Benth., Maxillaria densifolia

Poepp. & Endl.
Ecology. 1000-3000 m.
$
Maxillaria desvauxiana Rchb. f.
Maxillaria desvauxiana Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Maxillaria desvauxiana C. Schweinf., Maxillaria desvauxiana Schltr.

Reference: Carnevali, pers. comm..
Maxillaria dichroma Rolfe
Maxillaria dichroma Rolfe

Maxillaria discolor (Loddiges ex Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Maxillaria discolor (Loddiges ex Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Maxillaria discolor Loddiges ex Lindl.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Maxillaria disticha (Lindl.) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria disticha (Lindl.) C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Maxillaria disticha Lindl.

Ecology. 1500-3000 m.
$
Maxillaria divaricata (Barb. Rodr. ) Cogn.
Maxillaria divaricata (Barb. Rodr. ) Cogn.
Synonyms: Maxillaria divaricata Barb. Rodr.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Maxillaria eburnea Lindl.
Maxillaria eburnea Lindl.

Maxillaria elegantula Rolfe
Maxillaria elegantula Rolfe

Departments: Cuzco, Pasco.
Maxillaria elongata Lindl. & Paxton
Maxillaria elongata Lindl. & Paxton = Xylobium elongatum (Lindl. & Paxton) Hemsl.,
Godm. & Salvin
Maxillaria equitans (Schltr.) Garay

Maxillaria equitans (Schltr.) Garay
Synonyms: Maxillaria equitans (Schltr.) C. Schweinf., Maxillaria equitans (Schltr.)

Hoehne, Maxillaria equitans Schltr., Maxillaria equitans Schltr.
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, seasonally
Voucher: Young 203 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Maxillaria exaltata (Kraenzlin) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria exaltata (Kraenzlin) C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Maxillaria exaltata Kraenzl.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: cloud forests, elfin forests, shrublands. 1000-
3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4620* , Todzia 2738 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Pasco.
Maxillaria fallax Schltr.
Maxillaria fallax Schltr. = Maxillaria notylioglossa Rchb. f.
Maxillaria fasciculata C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria fasciculata C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria semiscabra (Lindl.) Ortiz
Reference: FP 1473: 695; Dodson, 1992..
Maxillaria fimbriata Poepp. & Endl.

Maxillaria fimbriata Poepp. & Endl. = Lycaste fimbriata (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.
Maxillaria fletcheriana Rolfe
Maxillaria fletcheriana Rolfe

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Maxillaria floribunda Lindl.
Maxillaria floribunda Lindl.
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-3500
m.
Voucher: Hartweg 851* , Peyton & Peyton 952 (MO!)
Maxillaria foveata Lindl.
Maxillaria foveata Lindl. = Xylobium foveatum (Lindl.) Nicholson
Maxillaria fuerstenbergiana Schltr.
Maxillaria fuerstenbergiana Schltr.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
$
Maxillaria fulgens (Rchb. f.) L.O. Williams
Maxillaria fulgens (Rchb. f.) L.O. Williams
Synonyms: Maxillaria fulgens Rchb. f.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Maxillaria funicaulis C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria funicaulis C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Maxillaria gigantea (Lindl.) Dodson
Maxillaria gigantea (Lindl.) Dodson
Synonyms: Maxillaria gigantea (Lindl.) C. Schweinf., Maxillaria gigantea (Lindl.)

Hoehne, Maxillaria gigantea Lindl.
Note: New combination make in Appendix 1.
Voucher: Hartweg s.n.* (K), Pastorelli illus.
Maxillaria gigantea Beer
Maxillaria gigantea Beer = Lycaste gigantea Lindl.
$
Maxillaria graminea Lindl.
Maxillaria graminea Lindl. = Koellensteinia graminea (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Maxillaria graminifolia (Kunth) Rchb. f.
Maxillaria graminifolia (Kunth) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Maxillaria graminifolia (H.B.K.) Rchb. f., Maxillaria graminifolia (Rchb.

f.) Schltr., Maxillaria graminifolia Kunth, Maxillaria graminifolia Rchb. f.,
Maxillaria graminifolia Rchb. f.
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I: forests. 1500-2500 m.
Maxillaria grandiflora (Kunth) Lindl.
Maxillaria grandiflora (Kunth) Lindl.
Synonyms: Maxillaria grandiflora (Kunth) Beer, Maxillaria grandiflora (Kunth)

Sprengel, Maxillaria grandiflora Kunth
Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Maxillaria grandimentum C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria grandimentum C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Schunke 563*
$
Maxillaria grandis Rchb. f.
Maxillaria grandis Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Maxillaria grandis Rchb. f. ex Sander

Ecology. 1000-2500 m.
Voucher: Klaboch s.n.*
Maxillaria grobyoides Garay & Dunst.
Maxillaria grobyoides Garay & Dunst.

Maxillaria guadalupensis Cogn.
Maxillaria guadalupensis Cogn.

Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco.
Maxillaria haemathodes (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Maxillaria haemathodes (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Synonyms: Maxillaria haemathodes (R. & P.) Schltr., Maxillaria haemathodes

(Schlechter) Kraenzl., Maxillaria haemathodes C. Schweinf., Maxillaria haemathodes
Ruiz & Pav., Maxillaria haemathodes Schltr.
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean II: forests. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4584* , Peyton & Peyton 969 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto.
Maxillaria hastata Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria hastata Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Maxillaria hastata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Maxillaria hastulata Lindl.
Maxillaria hastulata Lindl.

Maxillaria heteroclita Poepp. & Endl.
Maxillaria heteroclita Poepp. & Endl. = Chaubardia heteroclita (Poepp. & Endl.)
Dodson & Bennett
Maxillaria heynderyexii E. Morren
Maxillaria heynderyexii E. Morren = Lycaste longipetala (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
$
Maxillaria huancabambae (Kraenzlin) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria huancabambae (Kraenzlin) C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Maxillaria huancabambae C. Schweinf., Maxillaria huancabambae Kraenzl.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Maxillaria huancabambae var. cuzcoensis C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria huancabambae var. cuzcoensis C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria huancabambae

(Kraenzlin) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria huebneri Schltr.
Maxillaria huebneri Schltr. = Maxillaria desvauxiana Rchb. f.
Reference: FP 1510: 60, 67; Carnevali, pers. comm..
Maxillaria imbricata Barb. Rodr.
Maxillaria imbricata Barb. Rodr.

Maxillaria infausta Rchb. f.
Maxillaria infausta Rchb. f.

Voucher: Mathews 1862* , Bennett 3539 (MO)
Departments: Amazonas, Piura, Puno.
Maxillaria insignis Rolfe
Maxillaria insignis Rolfe

Voucher: Forget s.n.*
Maxillaria jamesonii (Rchb. f.) Garay & C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria jamesonii (Rchb. f.) Garay & C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Maxillaria jamesonii Rchb. f.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 60, 68; Dodson, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: cloud forests, elfin forests. 1500-2500
m.
Voucher: Sagástegui A-5984* (AMES), Barbour 2725 (MO!)
Maxillaria johniana Kraenzl.
Maxillaria johniana Kraenzl.

Maxillaria juergensii Schltr.
Maxillaria juergensii Schltr.

Maxillaria klugii C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria klugii C. Schweinf.

Voucher: Klug 3413* (MO!)
Maxillaria koehleri Schltr.
Maxillaria koehleri Schltr.

Maxillaria laevilabris Lindl.
Maxillaria laevilabris Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 708; Nakata, M., 1990: 158; Dodson, 1992.
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Without collector* , Nakata 5596 (TNS)
Maxillaria laricinum Kraenzl.
Maxillaria laricinum Kraenzl. = Pityphyllum laricinum (Kraenzlin) Schltr.

$
Maxillaria lehmannii Rchb. f.
Maxillaria lehmannii Rchb. f.

Maxillaria leontoglossa Rchb. f.
Maxillaria leontoglossa Rchb. f. = Xylobium leontoglossum (Reichenbach f.) Rolfe
Maxillaria lepidota Lindl.
Maxillaria lepidota Lindl.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Maxillaria ligulata Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria ligulata Ruiz & Pav. = Odontoglossum ligulatum (R. & P.) Garay
Reference: FP 1473: 708; 1510: 74; Garay, L. A., 1962: 528.
Maxillaria lindeniae Cogn.
Maxillaria lindeniae Cogn.

Note: Without type information.
Maxillaria lindleyana Schltr.
Maxillaria lindleyana Schltr.
Synonyms: Maxillaria lindleyana Lindl.

Maxillaria linearis C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria linearis C. Schweinf.

Maxillaria longibracteata (Lindley) Rchb. f.
Maxillaria longibracteata (Lindley) Rchb. f. = Maxillaria luteorubra (Lindl.) Rchb.

f.
Maxillaria longibracteata var. grandiflora (Lindley) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria longibracteata var. grandiflora (Lindley) C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria

luteorubra (Lindl.) Rchb. f.

$
Maxillaria longibracteata var. luteorubra (Lindl.) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria longibracteata var. luteorubra (Lindl.) C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria

luteorubra (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Maxillaria longicaulis Schltr.
Maxillaria longicaulis Schltr.

Maxillaria longifolia (Barb. Rodr. ) Cogn.
Maxillaria longifolia (Barb. Rodr. ) Cogn. = Maxillaria superflua Rchb. f.
Maxillaria longipes Lindl.
Maxillaria longipes Lindl.

Maxillaria longipetala Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria longipetala Ruiz & Pav. = Lycaste longipetala (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Reference: FP 1473: 713; Garay, L. A., 1962: 524.
Maxillaria loretoensis C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria loretoensis C. Schweinf.

Voucher: Klug 10088*
Maxillaria luteo-alba Lindl.
Maxillaria luteo-alba Lindl.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Maxillaria luteorubra (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Maxillaria luteorubra (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Maxillaria luteorubra (Lindl.) C. Schweinf., Maxillaria luteorubra

(Lindl.) Lindl., Maxillaria luteorubra (Lindl.) Schltr., Maxillaria luteorubra
(Lindley) C. Schweinf., Maxillaria luteorubra (Lindley) Rchb. f., Maxillaria
luteorubra Lindl., Maxillaria luteorubra Lindl.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: bogs, cloud forests, shrublands. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: van der Werff et al. 8580 (MO!)
Maxillaria macleei Bateman ex Lindl.
Maxillaria macleei Bateman ex Lindl. = Maxillaria uncata Lindl.

Maxillaria macrophylla Poepp. & Endl.
Maxillaria macrophylla Poepp. & Endl. = Lycaste macrophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
Maxillaria macropoda Schltr.
Maxillaria macropoda Schltr.

Voucher: Filomeno s.n.*
Maxillaria maculata (H.B.K.) Lindl.
Maxillaria maculata (H.B.K.) Lindl. = Zygopetalum maculatum (H.B.K.) Garay
Maxillaria mapiriensis (Kraenzl.) L.O. Williams
Maxillaria mapiriensis (Kraenzl.) L.O. Williams
Synonyms: Maxillaria mapiriensis Kraenzl.

Maxillaria mathewsii Lindl.

Maxillaria mathewsii Lindl.
Voucher: Mathews 1872* , Bennett & Bennett 3307 (MO!)
Departments: Junín, Huánuco, San Martín.
Maxillaria mathewsii Rchb. f.
Maxillaria mathewsii Rchb. f. = Maxillaria graminifolia (Kunth) Rchb. f.
Maxillaria meridensis Lindl.
Maxillaria meridensis Lindl.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests, elfin forests. 1500-2500 m.
Maxillaria multicaulis (Poeppig & Endlicher) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria multicaulis (Poeppig & Endlicher) C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Maxillaria multicaulis (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f., Maxillaria multicaulis
Poepp. & Endl.
Departments: Ucayali.
Maxillaria nanegalensis Rchb. f.

Maxillaria nanegalensis Rchb. f.

Ecology. 1500-3000 m.
Maxillaria nardoides Kraenzl.
Maxillaria nardoides Kraenzl.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: seasonally inundated areas.
0-2000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1422* , Foster 9699 (MO!)
Maxillaria nasuta Rchb. f.
Maxillaria nasuta Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Maxillaria nasuta Ames & C. Schweinf.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests, seasonally
Maxillaria nervosa Rolfe
Maxillaria nervosa Rolfe

$
Maxillaria nigrescens Lindl.
Maxillaria nigrescens Lindl.

Voucher: Smith & Pretel 8007 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.
Maxillaria nitidula Rchb. f.
Maxillaria nitidula Rchb. f.

Maxillaria notylioglossa Rchb. f.
Maxillaria notylioglossa Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Maxillaria notylioglossa Schltr.

Ecology. 1000-2500 m.
Maxillaria nubigena (Reichenbach f.) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria nubigena (Reichenbach f.) C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Maxillaria nubigena Rchb. f.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-3000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison 1172 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Pasco.
$
Maxillaria nutans Lindl.
Maxillaria nutans Lindl.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Hartweg s.n.*
Maxillaria ochroleuca Lodd. ex Lindl.
Maxillaria ochroleuca Lodd. ex Lindl.

Maxillaria ornata Klotzsch
Maxillaria ornata Klotzsch = Xylobium ornatum (Klotzsch) Rolfe
Maxillaria paleata (Rchb. f.) Ames & C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria paleata (Rchb. f.) Ames & C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Maxillaria paleata Rchb. f.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Maxillaria pallidiflora Hooker

Maxillaria pallidiflora Hooker = Xylobium pallidiflorum (Hooker) Nicholson
Maxillaria paniculata Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria paniculata Ruiz & Pav. = Cyrtopodium paniculatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Maxillaria pardalina Garay
Maxillaria pardalina Garay

Maxillaria parkeri (Spreng.) Hook.
Maxillaria parkeri (Spreng.) Hook.

Maxillaria parvibulbosa C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria parvibulbosa C. Schweinf.

Maxillaria parviflora (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay
Maxillaria parviflora (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay
Synonyms: Maxillaria parviflora, Maxillaria parviflora (Griseb.) C. Schweinf. ex

Léon, Maxillaria parviflora (Poeppig & Endlicher) C. Schweinf., Maxillaria
parviflora (Sprengel) Ames & Correll, Maxillaria parviflora (Sw.) Rchb. f.,
Maxillaria parviflora (Sw.) Sw., Maxillaria parviflora Ames & C. Schweinf.,
Maxillaria parviflora Griseb., Maxillaria parviflora Poepp. & Endl., Maxillaria
parviflora Sprengel, Maxillaria parviflora Sw.
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests, riversides. 500-1000 m.
Maxillaria parviloba Rolfe
Maxillaria parviloba Rolfe

Note: Type information not located.
Maxillaria pendens (Barb. Rodr. ) Pabst
Maxillaria pendens (Barb. Rodr. ) Pabst
Synonyms: Maxillaria pendens (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Schweinf., Maxillaria pendens

(Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn., Maxillaria pendens Barb. Rodr., Maxillaria pendens Poepp. &
Endl.
$
Maxillaria pendula (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria pendula (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria pendens (Barb.

Rodr. ) Pabst
Reference: FP 1473: 546, 722; 1510: 65; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Maxillaria perparva Garay & Dunst.
Maxillaria perparva Garay & Dunst. = Bifrenaria rudolfii (Hoenhe) Carnevali & G.A.
Romero
Maxillaria petiolaris Schltr.
Maxillaria petiolaris Schltr. = Bifrenaria rudolfii (Hoenhe) Carnevali & G.A.

Romero
Maxillaria platyloba Schltr.
Maxillaria platyloba Schltr.

m.
Maxillaria platypetala Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria platypetala Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Maxillaria platypetala (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Maxillaria platypetala

Steud., Maxillaria platypetala Steud.
$
Maxillaria poeppigiana Steud.
Maxillaria poeppigiana Steud. = Maxillaria crocea Poepp. & Endl.
Maxillaria polypetala Steud.
Maxillaria polypetala Steud. = Maxillaria platypetala Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria polyphylla Rchb. f.
Maxillaria polyphylla Rchb. f.

Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-
2500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Pasco, San Martín.
Maxillaria porrecta Lindl.
Maxillaria porrecta Lindl.
Synonyms: Maxillaria porrecta Linden & Rchb. f.

Reference: Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx; Carnevali, pers. comm..
Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Maxillaria prolifera Ruiz & Pav.

Maxillaria prolifera Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Maxillaria prolifera (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Voucher: Tafalla s.n.*
Maxillaria pulla Linden & Rchb. f.
Maxillaria pulla Linden & Rchb. f.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Maxillaria purpurea (Sprengel) Ames & Correll
Maxillaria purpurea (Sprengel) Ames & Correll = Maxillaria parviflora (Poepp. &
Endl.) Garay
Maxillaria purpurea var. parviflora (Poeppig & Endlicher) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria purpurea var. parviflora (Poeppig & Endlicher) C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria

parviflora (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay
Maxillaria purpurea var. purpurea
Maxillaria purpurea var. purpurea = Maxillaria parviflora (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay

$
Maxillaria quitensis (Rchb. f.) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria quitensis (Rchb. f.) C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Maxillaria quitensis Rchb. f.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: elfin forests. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Madison 10135-70 (MO!)
Maxillaria ramosa Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria ramosa Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Maxillaria ramosa (Rchb. f.) C. Schweinf., Maxillaria ramosa (Rchb. f.)
Rchb. f., Maxillaria ramosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Maxillaria ramosa Rchb. f.,
Maxillaria ramosa Schltr.
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: riversides. 1000-2000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Pasco, San Martín.
Maxillaria ramosissima Kraenzl.
Maxillaria ramosissima Kraenzl.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Maxillaria reichenheimiana Rchb. f.
Maxillaria reichenheimiana Rchb. f.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: cloud forests. 500-1500 m.
Maxillaria ringens Rchb. f.
Maxillaria ringens Rchb. f.

Note: Not known from Peru. Known from Central America.
Maxillaria rotundilabia C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria rotundilabia C. Schweinf.

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean II-III: forests. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 3679* , Metcalf 30771 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Maxillaria rudolfii Hoenhe
Maxillaria rudolfii Hoenhe = Bifrenaria rudolfii (Hoenhe) Carnevali & G.A. Romero
Maxillaria rufescens Lindl.
Maxillaria rufescens Lindl.
Synonyms: Maxillaria rufescens Schltr.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-
1000 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Madre de Dios.
$
Maxillaria sanderiana Rchb. f. ex Sander
Maxillaria sanderiana Rchb. f. ex Sander = Maxillaria grandis Rchb. f.
Maxillaria sanguineomaculata Schltr.
Maxillaria sanguineomaculata Schltr.
Synonyms: Maxillaria sanguineomaculata Kraenzl.

Maxillaria saxatilis Rchb. f.
Maxillaria saxatilis Rchb. f.

Voucher: Mathews s.n.* , Woytkowski 35355 (MO!)
Maxillaria scabrilinguis (Lindley) Lindl.
Maxillaria scabrilinguis (Lindley) Lindl. = Xylobium squalens (Lindl.) Lindl.
Maxillaria scorpioidea Kraenzl.
Maxillaria scorpioidea Kraenzl.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Departments: Pasco.
Maxillaria semiscabra (Lindl.) Ortiz
Maxillaria semiscabra (Lindl.) Ortiz
Synonyms: Maxillaria semiscabra C. Schweinf., Maxillaria semiscabra Lindl.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 21* (MO!)
Maxillaria simplicilabia C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria simplicilabia C. Schweinf.

Maxillaria spathulata C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria spathulata C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Maxillaria spilotantha Rchb. f.

Maxillaria spilotantha Rchb. f.

Maxillaria splendens Poepp. & Endl.
Maxillaria splendens Poepp. & Endl.

Ecology. 0-2000 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto.
Maxillaria squalens (Lindl.) Hooker
Maxillaria squalens (Lindl.) Hooker = Xylobium squalens (Lindl.) Lindl.
Maxillaria stachybiorum Rchb. f.
Maxillaria stachybiorum Rchb. f. = Xylobium foveatum (Lindl.) Nicholson
Maxillaria stenobulbon Klotzsch
Maxillaria stenobulbon Klotzsch = Xylobium pallidiflorum (Hooker) Nicholson
$
Maxillaria striata Rolfe
Maxillaria striata Rolfe

m.
Maxillaria superflua Rchb. f.
Maxillaria superflua Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Maxillaria superflua (Barb. Rodr. ) Cogn., Maxillaria superflua Barb.

Rodr.
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Maxillaria supina Poepp. & Endl.
Maxillaria supina Poepp. & Endl. = Xylobium squalens (Lindl.) Lindl.
Maxillaria swartziana C.D. Adams
Maxillaria swartziana C.D. Adams
Synonyms: Maxillaria swartziana (R. Br.) R. Br. ex Lindl., Maxillaria swartziana R.

Br.
Reference: Adams, pers. comm..
Note: Not known from Peru. Endemic to Jamaica.
Maxillaria tafallae (Rchb. f.) C. Schweinf.

Maxillaria tafallae (Rchb. f.) C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria ramosa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: FP 1473: 734; 1510: 65; Dodson, pers. comm..
Maxillaria tenuis C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria tenuis C. Schweinf.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 735; Carnevali, G. & I. Ramírez, 1989: 379;
Dodson, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 1045* (US), Vásquez & Jaramillo 7608 (MO!)
Maxillaria tricolor Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria tricolor Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Maxillaria tricolor (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Maxillaria trigona C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria trigona C. Schweinf.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 735; 1510: 59, 67; Dodson, pers. comm..
Ecology. 1000-3000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Maxillaria triphylla Ruiz & Pav.

Maxillaria triphylla Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Maxillaria triphylla (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Note: Not reconfirmed. According to Carnevali (pers. comm.), this taxon belongs
in Xylobium.
Maxillaria uncata Lindl.
Maxillaria uncata Lindl.
Synonyms: Maxillaria uncata Bateman ex Lindl.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Maxillaria undatiflora Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria undatiflora Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Maxillaria undatiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Maxillaria undulata Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria undulata Ruiz & Pav. = Xylobium undulatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Rolfe
Maxillaria unicarinata C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria unicarinata C. Schweinf.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 23152*
Maxillaria vandiformis (Schltr.) C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria vandiformis (Schltr.) C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria equitans (Schltr.) Garay
Maxillaria variegata Ruiz & Pav.
Maxillaria variegata Ruiz & Pav. = Xylobium variegatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay & Dunst.
Reference: FP 1473: 740; 1510: 55; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Maxillaria verrucifera C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria verrucifera C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria desvauxiana Rchb. f.
Maxillaria villosa (Barb. Rodr. ) Cogn.
Maxillaria villosa (Barb. Rodr. ) Cogn.
Synonyms: Maxillaria villosa Barb. Rodr.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Maxillaria violaceopunctata Rchb. f.

Maxillaria violaceopunctata Rchb. f.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Maxillaria warreana Loddiges ex Lindl.
Maxillaria warreana Loddiges ex Lindl. = Warrea warreana (Loddiges ex Lindl.) C.

Schweinf.
Maxillaria weberbaueri Schltr.
Maxillaria weberbaueri Schltr. = Maxillaria haemathodes (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Maxillaria witsinioides Schltr.
Maxillaria witsinioides Schltr.
Voucher: Bennett & Northen s.n. (MO!)
Departments: Junín, Pasco.
Maxillaria woytkowskii C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria woytkowskii C. Schweinf.

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean I: cloud forests. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 2* (AMES)
$
Maxillaria xantholeuca Schltr.
Maxillaria xantholeuca Schltr.
Synonyms: Maxillaria xantholeuca C. Schweinf.

Maxillaria xantholeuca var. peruviana C. Schweinf.
Maxillaria xantholeuca var. peruviana C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria xantholeuca Schltr.
Maxillaria xanthorhoda Schltr.
Maxillaria xanthorhoda Schltr.

Maxillaria xylobiiflora Schltr.
Maxillaria xylobiiflora Schltr.

$
Maximiliana insignis Mart.
Maximiliana insignis Mart. = Scheelea insignis (C. Martius) Karsten
Maximiliana maripa (Aublet) Drude
Maximiliana maripa (Aublet) Drude
Synonyms: Maximiliana maripa (Poepp. ex Mart.) H. A. Wendland ex Kerchove,

Maximiliana maripa (Poepp. ex Mart.) Mart., Maximiliana maripa Aubl., Maximiliana
maripa Burret, Maximiliana maripa Poepp. ex Mart.
Reference: Balick, M. J., 1985: 13.
Note:
Departments: Loreto, Pasco, San Martín, Ucayali.
Maximiliana stenocarpa Burret
Maximiliana stenocarpa Burret = Maximiliana maripa (Aublet) Drude
Maximiliana venatorum (Poepp. ex Mart.) H. A. Wendland ex Kerchove
Maximiliana venatorum (Poepp. ex Mart.) H. A. Wendland ex Kerchove = Maximiliana

maripa (Aublet) Drude
Mayaca endlicheri Poepp. ex Seub.
Mayaca endlicheri Poepp. ex Seub. = Mayaca sellowiana Kunth

$
Mayaca fluviatilis Aubl.
Mayaca fluviatilis Aubl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1167: 487; Mereles, F., 1989: 7.

Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Andean I-II: emergent. 1000-2500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Madre de Dios.
Mayaca longipes Gand.
Mayaca longipes Gand.

Mayaca sellowiana Kunth
Mayaca sellowiana Kunth
Synonyms: Mayaca sellowiana Poepp. ex Seub.

Reference: Mereles, F., 1989: 10.
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: emergent. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Soukup 5191 (US!), Gentry & Núñez 69777 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Mayna amazonica (C. Mart.) J.F. Macbr.
Mayna amazonica (C. Mart.) J.F. Macbr. = Carpotroche amazonica C. Mart.
Reference: FP 732: 16; Sleumer, H., 1980: 38.

Note: NN
$
Mayna echinata Spruce ex Benth.
Mayna echinata Spruce ex Benth. = Mayna odorata Aubl.

Note: nom. nud.
Mayna grandifolia (H. Karst.) Warb.
Mayna grandifolia (H. Karst.) Warb.
Synonyms: Mayna grandifolia H. Karst., Mayna grandifolia J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Sleumer, H., 1980: 23.
Mayna longifolia Poepp.
Mayna longifolia Poepp. = Carpotroche longifolia (Poepp.) Benth.
Mayna longifolia var. heliocarpa R. Schultes
Mayna longifolia var. heliocarpa R. Schultes = Carpotroche longifolia (Poepp.)

Benth.
Mayna odorata Aubl.
Mayna odorata Aubl.
Synonyms: Mayna odorata (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze, Mayna odorata Bentham ex Eichler,
Mayna odorata Poepp. & Endl., Mayna odorata Spruce ex Benth.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Martín.
Mayna paludosa Benth.
Mayna paludosa Benth. = Lindackeria paludosa (Benth.) Gilg
Mayna parvifolia (J.F. Macbr.) Sleumer
Mayna parvifolia (J.F. Macbr.) Sleumer
Synonyms: Mayna parvifolia J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 732: 19; Sleumer, H., 1980: 25.
Voucher: Williams 5260* (F), Schunke 1244 (F)
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.
Maytenus alaternoides Reisseck
Maytenus alaternoides Reisseck
Synonyms: Maytenus alaternoides Loes.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5066 (B)
Departments: Cuzco.
Maytenus alaternoides var. peruana Loes.
Maytenus alaternoides var. peruana Loes. = Maytenus alaternoides Reisseck

$
Maytenus andicola Loes.
Maytenus andicola Loes.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests, rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5507* (B), Dillon 1356 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Junín, La Libertad.
Maytenus apurimacensis Loes.
Maytenus apurimacensis Loes.
Synonyms: Maytenus apurimacensis Loes.

Voucher: Weberbauer 5873* (B photo F!), Cano 2360 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Cuzco, Lima, La Libertad.
Maytenus apurimacensis var. trollii Loes.
Maytenus apurimacensis var. trollii Loes. = Maytenus apurimacensis Loes.
Maytenus boarioides Loes.
Maytenus boarioides Loes.

$
Maytenus chuchuhuasha Raymond-Hamet & Colas
Maytenus chuchuhuasha Raymond-Hamet & Colas

Note: This species is not validly published and is of uncertain application
(Prigge, pers. comm.).
Maytenus conferta (Ruiz & Pav.) Reisseck & Loesener
Maytenus conferta (Ruiz & Pav.) Reisseck & Loesener
Synonyms: Maytenus conferta Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Núñez 7203 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, San Martín.
Maytenus cuzcoina Loes.
Maytenus cuzcoina Loes.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2915* (G photo F!), Tupayachi 1004 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco.
Maytenus durifolia Briq.
Maytenus durifolia Briq.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m.
Note: Probably conspecific with Maytenus macrocarpa.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón 564* (G photo F!), Sagástegui 9734 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Tumbes.
$
Maytenus jelskii Zahlbr.
Maytenus jelskii Zahlbr.
Synonyms: Maytenus jelskii Briq.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: forests. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Jelski 289* (B photo F!), Mostacero 1281 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lambayeque, La Libertad.
Maytenus krukovii A.C. Sm.
Maytenus krukovii A.C. Sm.

Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq.
Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq.
Synonyms: Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Loes., Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz
Lopez & Pavon) Steud., Maytenus macrocarpa Briq., Maytenus macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav.,
Maytenus macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: seasonally inundated areas, terra
Note: May include an additional undescribed species.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B-WILLD photo F!), Vásquez 6683 (MO!)
Martín, Tumbes, Ucayali.
Maytenus magnifolia Loes.
Maytenus magnifolia Loes. = Gymnosporia magnifolia (Loes.) Lundell

Reference: Ule, E., 1907: 176.
Maytenus mathewsii Briq.
Maytenus mathewsii Briq. = Maytenus jelskii Zahlbr.
Maytenus multiflora (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Loes.
Maytenus multiflora (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Loes. = Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.)
Briq.
Maytenus obovata Hook. f.
Maytenus obovata Hook. f. = Maytenus octogona (L'Hér.) DC.
Maytenus octogona (L'Hér.) DC.
Maytenus octogona (L'Hér.) DC.
Synonyms: Maytenus octogona (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Loes., Maytenus octogona
Hook. f., Maytenus octogona Kunth, Maytenus octogona L'Hér., Maytenus
octogona Lam., Maytenus octogona Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III, Coastal: forests, shrublands. 0- > 4500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Ica, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Tacna, Tumbes.
Maytenus orbicularis (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Loes.

Maytenus orbicularis (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Loes. = Maytenus octogona
(L'Hér.) DC.
Maytenus pavonii Briq.
Maytenus pavonii Briq.

Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (G photo F), Valencia 2046 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Piura.
Maytenus pseudoboaria Loes.
Maytenus pseudoboaria Loes.
Synonyms: Maytenus pseudoboaria Loes., Maytenus pseudoboaria Loes.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA photo F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín.
Maytenus pseudoboaria var. monantha Loes.
Maytenus pseudoboaria var. monantha Loes. = Maytenus pseudoboaria Loes.
Maytenus pseudoboaria var. triantha Loes.
Maytenus pseudoboaria var. triantha Loes. = Maytenus pseudoboaria Loes.

$
Maytenus racemosa Reisseck
Maytenus racemosa Reisseck = Celastrus colombianus Cuatrec.
Maytenus retusa (Poiret) Briq.
Maytenus retusa (Poiret) Briq.
Synonyms: Maytenus retusa Poir., Maytenus retusa Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: terra firme forests. 0-2500 m.
Note: Probably conspecific with Maytenus macrocarpa.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Gentry 37828 (MO!)
Maytenus sprucei Briq.
Maytenus sprucei Briq.
Maytenus tarapotensis Briq.
Maytenus tarapotensis Briq. = Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Briq.
Maytenus theoides (Bentham) Urb.
Maytenus theoides (Bentham) Urb.
Synonyms: Maytenus theoides Benth.

$
Maytenus uliginosa Kunth
Maytenus uliginosa Kunth = Maytenus octogona (L'Hér.) DC.
Maytenus verticillata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Maytenus verticillata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Synonyms: Maytenus verticillata Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: forests, rocky slopes. 1000-3500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B-WILLD photo F!), Núñez 8636
(MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Junín.
Mecardonia dianthera (Sw.) Pennell
Mecardonia dianthera (Sw.) Pennell = Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small
Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small
Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small
Synonyms: Mecardonia procumbens (Benth.) Pennell, Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.)

Greenm., Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Pennell, Mecardonia procumbens (Sw.) Descole
& Borsini, Mecardonia procumbens (Sw.) Millsp., Mecardonia procumbens (Sw.)
Pennell, Mecardonia procumbens (Sw.) Pennell, Mecardonia procumbens Benth.,
Mecardonia procumbens Kunth, Mecardonia procumbens Kunth, Mecardonia procumbens
Mill., Mecardonia procumbens Millps., Mecardonia procumbens Small, Mecardonia
procumbens Small, Mecardonia procumbens Sw., Mecardonia procumbens Wettst.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 481; Holmgren, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Voucher: McDaniel 17988 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Loreto, San
Martín, Ucayali.
$
Mecardonia tenuis Small
Mecardonia tenuis Small = Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small
Mecardonia viridis Small
Mecardonia viridis Small = Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small
Meckelia multiflora C. Martius ex Grisebach
Meckelia multiflora C. Martius ex Grisebach = Spachea tricarpa A. Juss.
Mecodium apiculatum (Mett. ex Kuhn) Vareschi
Mecodium apiculatum (Mett. ex Kuhn) Vareschi = ?
Mecodium contortum (Bosch) Copel.
Mecodium contortum (Bosch) Copel. = ?
$
Mecodium dendritis (Rosenst.) Copel.
Mecodium dendritis (Rosenst.) Copel. = ?
Mecodium endiviifolium (Desv.) Pic. Serm.
Mecodium endiviifolium (Desv.) Pic. Serm. = ?
Mecodium fendlerianum (J.W. Sturm) Copel.
Mecodium fendlerianum (J.W. Sturm) Copel. = ?
Mecodium ferax (Bosch) Copel.
Mecodium ferax (Bosch) Copel. = ?
Mecodium mexiae Copel.
Mecodium mexiae Copel. = ?
Mecodium microcarpum (Desv.) Copel.
Mecodium microcarpum (Desv.) Copel. = ?

Mecodium multiflorum (Rosenst.) Copel.
Mecodium multiflorum (Rosenst.) Copel. = ?
Mecodium polyanthos (Sw.) Copel.
Mecodium polyanthos (Sw.) Copel. = ?
Mecodium trichomanoides (Bosch) Pic. Serm.
Mecodium trichomanoides (Bosch) Pic. Serm. = ?
Mecodium undulatum (Sw.) Copel.
Mecodium undulatum (Sw.) Copel. = ?
Medicago denticulata Willd.
Medicago denticulata Willd. = Medicago polymorpha L.

$
Medicago hispida Gaertn.
Medicago hispida Gaertn. = Medicago polymorpha L.
Medicago lupulina L.
Medicago lupulina L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 453; Duke, J. A., 1981: 151; McVaugh, R., 1987: 626.
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes.
0-4000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5260 (UC, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, Pasco.
Medicago polymorpha L.
Medicago polymorpha L.
Synonyms: Medicago polymorpha Gaertn., Medicago polymorpha Willd.

Reference: Mostacero, I., 1976: 16; Duke, J. A., 1981: 154; McVaugh, R., 1987: 627.
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, grasslands. 0-

4000 m.
Voucher: Sullivan et al. 889 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco,
Huánuco, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.
Medicago sativa L.
Medicago sativa L.
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, grasslands. 0-
4500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Ica, Junín, Lima.
Mediocactus megalanthus (Schumann ex Vaupel) Britton & Rose
Mediocactus megalanthus (Schumann ex Vaupel) Britton & Rose = Selenicereus

megalanthus (Schumann ex Vaupel) Moran
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 212; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 71; Hunt,
D., 1992: 90.
Megalostylis poeppigii S. Moore
Megalostylis poeppigii S. Moore = Dalechampia micrantha Poepp.
Reference: FP 674: 119; Webster, G. L. & W. S. Armbruster, 1991: 151.
Megastachya panicoides J. Presl
Megastachya panicoides J. Presl = Leptochloa panicoides (J. Presl) Hitchc.
Reference: Hitchcock, A. S., 1934: 137.
Megastachya uninervia J. Presl
Megastachya uninervia J. Presl = Leptochloa uninervia (J. Presl) Hitchc. & Chase
Meiandra maior Markgr.
Meiandra maior Markgr. = Alloneuron majus Markgr. ex Macbr.

$
Meiandra minor Markgr.
Meiandra minor Markgr. = Alloneuron ulei Pilg.
Meibomia adscendens (Sw.) Kuntze
Meibomia adscendens (Sw.) Kuntze = Desmodium adscendens (Sw.) DC.
Reference: FP 21: 417; Schubert, B. G., 1980: 627.
Meibomia adscendens var. incana Kuntze
Meibomia adscendens var. incana Kuntze = Desmodium incanum DC.
Meibomia albida S.F. Blake
Meibomia albida S.F. Blake = Desmodium axillare var. stoloniferum (Rich. ex Poir.)
B.G. Schub.
Meibomia andina Rusby
Meibomia andina Rusby = Desmodium axillare (Sw.) DC. var. axillare
$
Meibomia axillaris (Sw.) Kuntze
Meibomia axillaris (Sw.) Kuntze = Desmodium axillare (Sw.) DC. var. axillare
Meibomia axillaris var. obtusifoliolia Kuntze
Meibomia axillaris var. obtusifoliolia Kuntze = Desmodium axillare (Sw.) DC. var.
axillare
Meibomia barbata (L.) Kuntze
Meibomia barbata (L.) Kuntze = Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth. in Miq.
Meibomia bigelowii (A. Gray) Kuntze
Meibomia bigelowii (A. Gray) Kuntze = Desmodium neomexicanum A. Gray
Meibomia cajanifolia (Kunth) Kuntze
Meibomia cajanifolia (Kunth) Kuntze = Desmodium cajanifolium (Kunth) DC.
Meibomia campyloclada (Hemsl.) Kuntze

Meibomia campyloclada (Hemsl.) Kuntze = Desmodium campyloclados Hemsl.
Meibomia cana (J. Gmelin) S.F. Blake
Meibomia cana (J. Gmelin) S.F. Blake = Desmodium incanum DC.
Meibomia cayennense (DC.) Kuntze
Meibomia cayennense (DC.) Kuntze = Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth. in Miq.
Meibomia distorta (Aubl.) Schindl.
Meibomia distorta (Aubl.) Schindl. = Desmodium distortum (Aubl.) J.F. Macbr.
Meibomia distorta var. perrottetii (DC.) Schindl.
Meibomia distorta var. perrottetii (DC.) Schindl. = Desmodium perrottetii DC.
Meibomia glabra (Mill.) Kuntze
Meibomia glabra (Mill.) Kuntze = Desmodium glabrum (Mill.) DC.

Meibomia heterocarpa (L.) Kuntze
Meibomia heterocarpa (L.) Kuntze = Desmodium heterocarpon (L.) DC.
Note: Name based on Hedysarum heterocarpon.
Meibomia hoehneana Schindl.
Meibomia hoehneana Schindl. = Desmodium neomexicanum A. Gray
Meibomia humilis Schindl.
Meibomia humilis Schindl. = Desmodium neomexicanum A. Gray
Meibomia intorta (Mill.) S.F. Blake
Meibomia intorta (Mill.) S.F. Blake = Desmodium intortum (Mill.) Urb. var. intortum
Meibomia lilloana Schindl.
Meibomia lilloana Schindl. = Desmodium neomexicanum A. Gray

$
Meibomia limensis (Hook.) Kuntze
Meibomia limensis (Hook.) Kuntze = Desmodium limense Hook.
Meibomia micrantha Schindl.
Meibomia micrantha Schindl. = Desmodium micranthum (Schindl.) J.F. Macbr. var.

micranthum
Meibomia mollicula (Kunth) Kuntze
Meibomia mollicula (Kunth) Kuntze = Desmodium molliculum (Kunth) DC.
Meibomia mollis (Vahl) Kuntze
Meibomia mollis (Vahl) Kuntze = Desmodium glabrum (Mill.) DC.
Meibomia neomexicana (A. Gray) Kuntze
Meibomia neomexicana (A. Gray) Kuntze = Desmodium neomexicanum A. Gray
$
Meibomia parva Schindl.
Meibomia parva Schindl. = Desmodium neomexicanum A. Gray
Meibomia purpurea (Mill.) Vail ex Small
Meibomia purpurea (Mill.) Vail ex Small = Desmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC.
Meibomia racemifera (DC.) Kuntze
Meibomia racemifera (DC.) Kuntze = Desmodium incanum DC.
Meibomia reptans (Poir.) Kuntze
Meibomia reptans (Poir.) Kuntze = Desmodium axillare (Sw.) DC. var. axillare
Meibomia sclerophylla (Benth.) Kuntze
Meibomia sclerophylla (Benth.) Kuntze = Desmodium sclerophyllum Benth.
Meibomia scorpiurus (Sw.) Kuntze
Meibomia scorpiurus (Sw.) Kuntze = Desmodium scorpiurus (Sw.) Desv.

Meibomia sintenisii (Urb.) Britton
Meibomia sintenisii (Urb.) Britton = Desmodium axillare var. stoloniferum (Rich. ex

Poir.) B.G. Schub.
Meibomia subsericea (Malme) Schindl.
Meibomia subsericea (Malme) Schindl. = Desmodium subsericeum Malme
Meibomia supina (Sw.) Britton
Meibomia supina (Sw.) Britton = Desmodium incanum DC.
Meibomia terminalis (Rich.) Kuntze
Meibomia terminalis (Rich.) Kuntze = Desmodium glabrum (Mill.) DC.
Meibomia tortuosa (Sw.) Kuntze
Meibomia tortuosa (Sw.) Kuntze = Desmodium tortuosum (Sw.) DC.

$
Meibomia uncinata (Jacq.) Kuntze
Meibomia uncinata (Jacq.) Kuntze = Desmodium uncinatum (Jacq.) DC.
Meibomia villosa (Mill.) Kuntze
Meibomia villosa (Mill.) Kuntze = Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth. in Miq.
Meibomia weberbaueri Schindl.
Meibomia weberbaueri Schindl. = Desmodium weberbaueri (Schindl.) J.F. Macbr.
Meibomia wydleriana (Urb.) Britton
Meibomia wydleriana (Urb.) Britton = Desmodium wydlerianum Urb.
Meioluma guyanensis Baill.
Meioluma guyanensis Baill. = Micropholis venulosa (C. Martius & Eichler) Pierre
$
Meioperis suberosa (L.) Raf.
Meioperis suberosa (L.) Raf. = Passiflora suberosa L.
Reference: Holm-Nielsen, L. B., P. M. Jo+/rgensen & J. E. Lawesson, 1988: 26.
Melampodium geminata Brandegee
Melampodium geminata Brandegee = Baltimora geminata (Brandegee) Stuessy
Reference: Stuessy, T. F., 1973: 42.
Melampodium ruderale Sw.
Melampodium ruderale Sw. = Eleutheranthera ruderalis (Sw.) Sch. Bip.
Melandrium andicolum (Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott) Rohrbach
Melandrium andicolum (Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott) Rohrbach = Silene andicola

Gillies ex Hooker & Arnott

Note: NN
Melandrium chilense (C. Gay) Rohrbach
Melandrium chilense (C. Gay) Rohrbach = Silene chilensis (C. Gay) Bocquet

Note: NN
Melandrium macrocalyx Muschl.
Melandrium macrocalyx Muschl. = Silene muschleri Bocquet

Melandrium mandonii Rohrbach
Melandrium mandonii Rohrbach = Silene mandonii (Rohrbach) Bocquet
Melandrium rhizophorum Muschl.
Melandrium rhizophorum Muschl. = Silene rhizophora (Muschl.) Bocquet
Melandrium thysanodes (Fenzl) A. Gray
Melandrium thysanodes (Fenzl) A. Gray = Silene thysanodes Fenzl
Melandrium weberbaueri Muschl.
Melandrium weberbaueri Muschl. = Silene weberbaueri (Muschl.) Bocquet
Melanocarpum sprucei Hook. f.
Melanocarpum sprucei Hook. f. = Pleuropetalum sprucei (Hook. f.) Standl.
Reference: FP 1255: 479; Eliasson, U., 1987: 7.

$
Melanthera aspera (Jacq.) Small
Melanthera aspera (Jacq.) Small
Synonyms: Melanthera aspera Jacq.

Reference: Parks, J. C., 1973: 190.
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-
500 m.
Voucher: Plowman et al. 6386 (F!)
Departments: La Libertad, Loreto.
Melanthera nivea (L.) Small
Melanthera nivea (L.) Small
Synonyms: Melanthera nivea L.

Reference: Parks, J. C., 1973: 184.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Vásquez et al. 2364 (F!)
Melastoma adscendens Sw.
Melastoma adscendens Sw. = Adelobotrys adscendens (Sw.) Triana
Melastoma albicans Sw.
Melastoma albicans Sw. = Miconia albicans (Sw.) Triana
Melastoma aquatica Aubl.

Melastoma aquatica Aubl. = Nepsera aquatica (Aubl.) Naudin

Note: NN
Melastoma arborescens Aubl.
Melastoma arborescens Aubl. = Loreya arborescens (Aubl.) DC.
Melastoma argyrophyllum Schrank & Mart. ex DC. in syn.
Melastoma argyrophyllum Schrank & Mart. ex DC. in syn. = Miconia argyrophylla

Schrank & Mart. ex DC.
Melastoma aspergillaris Bonpl.
Melastoma aspergillaris Bonpl. = Miconia aspergillaris (Bonpl.) Naudin
Melastoma bracteolata Bonpl.
Melastoma bracteolata Bonpl. = Miconia bracteolata (Bonpl.) DC.
Melastoma bubalina Pav. ex D. Don

Melastoma bubalina Pav. ex D. Don = Miconia bubalina (D. Don) Naudin
Melastoma caelata Bonpland
Melastoma caelata Bonpland = Miconia caelata (Bonpland) DC.
Melastoma caerulea Pav. ex D. Don
Melastoma caerulea Pav. ex D. Don = Miconia caerulea subsp. caerulea
Melastoma calvescens Schrank & Mart. ex DC. in syn.
Melastoma calvescens Schrank & Mart. ex DC. in syn. = Miconia calvescens DC.
Melastoma capillaris Pav. ex D. Don
Melastoma capillaris Pav. ex D. Don = Ossaea capillaris (D. Don) Cogn.
Melastoma capitellata Bonpl.
Melastoma capitellata Bonpl. = Clidemia capitellata (Bonpl.) D. Don var.

capitellata

$
Melastoma chaetodon Schrank & C. Martius in syn.
Melastoma chaetodon Schrank & C. Martius in syn. = Leandra chaetodon (DC.) Cogn.
Melastoma chrysophylla Rich.
Melastoma chrysophylla Rich. = Miconia chrysophylla (Rich.) Urb.
Melastoma ciliata Pav. ex D. Don
Melastoma ciliata Pav. ex D. Don = Clidemia ciliata var. ciliata
Melastoma ciliata Rich.
Melastoma ciliata Rich. = Miconia ciliata var. ciliata
Melastoma coelestis Pav. ex D. Don
Melastoma coelestis Pav. ex D. Don = Miconia coelestis Pav. ex Naud.
$
Melastoma cordata Vell.
Melastoma cordata Vell. = Aciotis cordata (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.

Note: NN
Melastoma crenata Pav. ex D. Don
Melastoma crenata Pav. ex D. Don = Leandra crenata (Pav. ex D. Don) Cogn.
Melastoma crocea Desr.
Melastoma crocea Desr. = Miconia crocea (Desr.) Naudin
Melastoma cucullata Pav. ex D. Don
Melastoma cucullata Pav. ex D. Don = Graffenrieda cucullata (Pav. ex D. Don) L.O.

Williams
Melastoma dentata Pav. ex D. Don
Melastoma dentata Pav. ex D. Don = Clidemia dentata D. Don
Melastoma dependens Pav. ex D. Don

Melastoma dependens Pav. ex D. Don = Clidemia capitellata var. dependens (Pav. ex
D. Don) J.F. Macbr.
Melastoma dichotoma Pav. ex D. Don
Melastoma dichotoma Pav. ex D. Don = Leandra dichotoma (D. Don) Cogn.
Melastoma dodecandra Desr. ex Lam.
Melastoma dodecandra Desr. ex Lam. = Miconia dodecandra (Desr. ex Lam.) Cogn.
Melastoma elata Sw.
Melastoma elata Sw. = Miconia elata (Sw.) DC.
Melastoma epibaterium Mart. ex DC.
Melastoma epibaterium Mart. ex DC. = Clidemia epibaterium (Mart. ex DC.) DC.
Melastoma floribunda Bonpl.
Melastoma floribunda Bonpl. = Miconia floribunda (Bonpl.) DC.

Melastoma fulva L.C. Rich. ex Humb. & Bonpl.
Melastoma fulva L.C. Rich. ex Humb. & Bonpl. = Miconia chrysophylla (Rich.) Urb.
Melastoma grandiflora Aubl.
Melastoma grandiflora Aubl. = Rhynchanthera grandiflora (Aubl.) DC.
Melastoma granulosa Bonpl.
Melastoma granulosa Bonpl. = Miconia granulosa (Bonpl.) Naudin

Note: NN
Melastoma grossa L.f.
Melastoma grossa L.f. = Tibouchina grossa (L.f.) Cogn.

Note: NN
Melastoma grossularioides L.
Melastoma grossularioides L. = Bellucia grossularioides (L.) Triana

$
Melastoma heteroneura Schrank & C. Martius
Melastoma heteroneura Schrank & C. Martius = Clidemia heteroneura (Schrank & Mart)
Cogn.
Melastoma heterophylla Desr. in Lamarck
Melastoma heterophylla Desr. in Lamarck = Clidemia heterophylla (Desr. in Lamarck)

Gleason
Melastoma hirta L.
Melastoma hirta L. = Clidemia hirta (L.) D. Don var. hirta
Melastoma holosericea L.
Melastoma holosericea L. = Miconia holosericea (L.) DC.
Melastoma ibaguensis Bonpl.
Melastoma ibaguensis Bonpl. = Miconia ibaguensis (Bonpl.) Triana

$
Melastoma impetiolaris Sw.
Melastoma impetiolaris Sw. = Miconia impetiolaris (Sw.) D. Don
Reference: FP 761: 419; Wurdack, pers. comm..

Note: NN
Melastoma lacera Bonpl.
Melastoma lacera Bonpl. = Miconia lacera (Bonpl.) Naudin
Melastoma laxa Desr.
Melastoma laxa Desr. = Tibouchina laxa (Desr.) Cogn.
Melastoma ledifolia Desr.
Melastoma ledifolia Desr. = Brachyotum ledifolium (Desr.) Triana

Note: NN
Melastoma lepidota Schrank & Mart. ex DC. in syn.
Melastoma lepidota Schrank & Mart. ex DC. in syn. = Miconia lepidota Schrank &
Mart. ex DC.
$
Melastoma longifolia Aubl.
Melastoma longifolia Aubl. = Miconia longifolia (Aubl.) DC.
Melastoma loxensis Bonpl.
Melastoma loxensis Bonpl. = Miconia loxensis (Bonpl.) DC.
Melastoma lutescens Bonpland
Melastoma lutescens Bonpland = ?
Melastoma micrantha Sw.
Melastoma micrantha Sw. = Ossaea micrantha (Sw.) Macfad. ex Cogn.
Melastoma minutiflora Bonpl.
Melastoma minutiflora Bonpl. = Miconia minutiflora (Bonpl.) DC.
Melastoma mucronata Desr.

Melastoma mucronata Desr. = Miconia holosericea (L.) DC.
Melastoma nervosa Smith
Melastoma nervosa Smith = Miconia nervosa var. nervosa
Melastoma obscura Bonpl.
Melastoma obscura Bonpl. = Miconia obscura (Bonpl.) Naudin
Melastoma octona Bonpl.
Melastoma octona Bonpl. = Clidemia octona (Bonpl.) L.O. Williams
Melastoma papillosa Desr.
Melastoma papillosa Desr. = Miconia papillosa (Desr.) Naudin

Note: NN
Melastoma pileatum Schrank & Mart. ex DC. in syn.
Melastoma pileatum Schrank & Mart. ex DC. in syn. = Miconia pileata DC.
Melastoma pilosa Pav. ex D. Don
Melastoma pilosa Pav. ex D. Don = Clidemia pilosa D. Don
Melastoma prasina Sw.
Melastoma prasina Sw. = Miconia prasina (Sw.) DC.
Melastoma punctata Desr.
Melastoma punctata Desr. = Miconia punctata (Desr.) D. Don ex DC.
Melastoma purpurascens Aubl.
Melastoma purpurascens Aubl. = Aciotis purpurascens var. purpurascens
Melastoma purpurascens var. martinensis J.F. Macbr.
Melastoma purpurascens var. martinensis J.F. Macbr. = Aciotis purpurascens var.

purpurascens

$
Melastoma purpurea Pav. ex D. Don
Melastoma purpurea Pav. ex D. Don = Clidemia purpurea Pav. ex D. Don

Note: NN
Melastoma rasmarinifolia Pav. ex Triana
Melastoma rasmarinifolia Pav. ex Triana = Miconia salicifolia (Bonpl. ex Naud.)

Naudin
Melastoma reversa Ser. ex DC.
Melastoma reversa Ser. ex DC. = Leandra reversa Ser. ex Cogniaux

Note: NN
Melastoma rubens Sw.
Melastoma rubens Sw. = Miconia rubens (Swartz) Naudin

Note: NN
Melastoma rubiginosa Bonpl.
Melastoma rubiginosa Bonpl. = Miconia rubiginosa (Bonpl.) DC.

$
Melastoma rubra Aubl.
Melastoma rubra Aubl. = Clidemia rubra (Aubl.) Martius
Melastoma rufescens Aubl.
Melastoma rufescens Aubl. = Miconia rufescens (Aubl.) DC.
Melastoma salicifolia Bonpl. ex Naud.
Melastoma salicifolia Bonpl. ex Naud. = Miconia salicifolia (Bonpl. ex Naud.)

Naudin
Melastoma scandens Aubl.
Melastoma scandens Aubl. = Adelobotrys scandens (Aubl.) DC.
Melastoma scorpioides Schltr. & Cham.
Melastoma scorpioides Schltr. & Cham. = Miconia trinervia (Sw.) D. Don ex Loud.
$
Melastoma secunda Pav. ex D. Don
Melastoma secunda Pav. ex D. Don = Leandra secunda (D. Don) Cogn.
Melastoma serrulata Pav. ex D. Don
Melastoma serrulata Pav. ex D. Don = Miconia galactantha Naudin
Melastoma soleniferum Schrank ex DC. in syn.
Melastoma soleniferum Schrank ex DC. in syn. = Leandra solenifera Cogn.
Melastoma spicata Aubl.
Melastoma spicata Aubl. = ?
Melastoma splendens Sw.
Melastoma splendens Sw. = Miconia splendens (Sw.) Griseb.
Melastoma stenostachyum Schrank & Mart. ex DC.
Melastoma stenostachyum Schrank & Mart. ex DC. = Miconia stenostachya Schrank &
Mart. ex DC.
Melastoma strigillosa Sw.
Melastoma strigillosa Sw. = Clidemia strigillosa (Sw.) DC.
Melastoma strigosa L.f.
Melastoma strigosa L.f. = Brachyotum strigosum (L.f.) Triana
Melastoma theaezans Bonpl.
Melastoma theaezans Bonpl. = Miconia theaezans subsp. theaezans
Melastoma tomentosa Rich.
Melastoma tomentosa Rich. = Miconia tomentosa (Rich.) D. Don ex DC.
Melastoma trinervia Sw.
Melastoma trinervia Sw. = Miconia trinervia (Sw.) D. Don ex Loud.

$
Melastoma umbonatum Schrank & Mart.
Melastoma umbonatum Schrank & Mart. = Clidemia umbonata Schrank & Mart. ex DC.
Melastoma vaccinioides Bonpl.
Melastoma vaccinioides Bonpl. = Miconia vaccinioides (Bonpl.) Naudin
Melastoma villosa Aubl.
Melastoma villosa Aubl. = Desmoscelis villosa (Aubl.) Naudin
Melia azedarach L.
Melia azedarach L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 663: 718; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor,
1981: 24.
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Andean I, Coastal: riversides. 0-1500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Ica, Lima, La Libertad,
Loreto, San Martín.
Melica cajamarcensis Pilg.
Melica cajamarcensis Pilg. = Melica scabra Kunth

Melica expansa Steud. ex Lechler
Melica expansa Steud. ex Lechler = Poa horridula Pilg.
Melica majuscula Pilg.
Melica majuscula Pilg. = Melica scabra Kunth
Melica pyrifera Hack.
Melica pyrifera Hack. = Melica scabra Kunth
Melica scabra Kunth
Melica scabra Kunth
Synonyms: Melica scabra Hack., Melica scabra Pilg., Melica scabra Pilg., Melica
scabra Pilg., Melica scabra Pilg., Melica scabra Pilg.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, riversides. 2000-
> 4500 m.
Huancavelica, Junín, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Loreto, Pasco, Piura.
Melica weberbaueri Pilg.

Melica weberbaueri Pilg. = Melica scabra Kunth
Melica weberbaueri var. decolorata Pilg.
Melica weberbaueri var. decolorata Pilg. = Melica scabra Kunth
Melica weberbaueri var. violascens Pilg.
Melica weberbaueri var. violascens Pilg. = Melica scabra Kunth
Melilotus alba Medik.
Melilotus alba Medik.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 453; Gutte, G, K. Müller & C. Müller, 1986:
193.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Lima.
Melilotus indica (L.) All.
Melilotus indica (L.) All.
Synonyms: Melilotus indica Desf., Melilotus indica L.

Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III, Coastal: cloud forests,
disturbed areas, lomas. 0-4000 m.
Voucher: Tupayachi & Galiano 794 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Ica,
Huánuco, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Tacna.
Melilotus parviflora Desf.
Melilotus parviflora Desf. = Melilotus indica (L.) All.
Reference: FP 21: 453; Duke, J. A., 1981: 165.
Melinia peruviana Schltr.
Melinia peruviana Schltr.

Ecology. 3000-4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5514* (B photo F!), Tupayachi 103A (MO!)
Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv.
Melinis minutiflora P. Beauv.
Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 225.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-3000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín,
Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka
Melinis repens (Willd.) Zizka = Rhynchelytrum repens (Willd.) C.E. Hubb.
Reference: Zizka, G., 1988: 55; Davidse, pers. comm.
$
Meliosma allenii Standl. & L.O. Williams
Meliosma allenii Standl. & L.O. Williams

Voucher: Kayap 114 (MO!)
Meliosma arenosa Idrobo & Cuatrec.
Meliosma arenosa Idrobo & Cuatrec.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J. & J. M. Idrobo, 1955: 192.

Voucher: Dillon et al. 4401 (MO!)
Meliosma boliviensis Cuatrec.
Meliosma boliviensis Cuatrec.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1955: 27; Gentry, A. H., 1986: 823.

Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco, Pasco, San Martín.
Meliosma frondosa Cuatrec. & Idrobo
Meliosma frondosa Cuatrec. & Idrobo

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: cloud forests. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Smith & Pretel 7990 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco, Piura, San Martín.
$
Meliosma herbertii Rolfe
Meliosma herbertii Rolfe
Reference: Staples, G., 1989: 154.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Meliosma meridensis Lasser
Meliosma meridensis Lasser
Reference: Lasser, T., 1943: 233; Gentry, A. H., 1986: 823.

Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco.
Meliosma peytonii A.H. Gentry
Meliosma peytonii A.H. Gentry

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 1483* (MO!), Peyton & Peyton 1472 (MO!)
Meliosma pittieriana Steyerm.
Meliosma pittieriana Steyerm.

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Pasco.
$
Meliosma pumila A.H. Gentry
Meliosma pumila A.H. Gentry

Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Smith & Vásquez 4894* (MO!, USM), Young & Eisenberg 378 (MO!)
Meliosma simiarum A.H. Gentry
Meliosma simiarum A.H. Gentry

Voucher: Gentry & Smith 45225* (MO!), Gentry et al. 45335 (MO!)
Meliosma sirensis A.H. Gentry
Meliosma sirensis A.H. Gentry

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: elfin forests. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Wallnöffer 11-23788* (MO!, USM)
Meliosma solomonii A.H. Gentry
Meliosma solomonii A.H. Gentry

Voucher: Leo 271 (MO!)
$
Meliosma vasquezii A.H. Gentry
Meliosma vasquezii A.H. Gentry

Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Gentry et al. 29270* (AMAZ, MO!), Vásquez & Jaramillo 7194 (MO!)
Meliosma wurdackii Cuatrec.
Meliosma wurdackii Cuatrec.

Voucher: Wurdack 2342* (F!), Huashikat 2172 (MO!)
Meliosma youngii A.H. Gentry
Meliosma youngii A.H. Gentry

Voucher: Young 4070* (MO!, USM)
Melloa quadrivalvis (Jacq.) A.H. Gentry
Melloa quadrivalvis (Jacq.) A.H. Gentry
Synonyms: Melloa quadrivalvis Jacq.

Departments: Madre de Dios, Ucayali.
Melloca peruviana Moq.
Melloca peruviana Moq. = Ullucus tuberosus subsp. tuberosus
Reference: FP 1265: 575; Sperling, C. R., 1987: 128.
Melocactus amstutziae Rauh & Backeb.
Melocactus amstutziae Rauh & Backeb. = Melocactus peruvianus Vaupel
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 36; Ritter, F., 1981: 1310; Taylor, N. P., 1991:
67.
Melocactus bellavistensis Rauh & Backeb.
Melocactus bellavistensis Rauh & Backeb.
Melocactus bellavistensis Rauh & Backeb. subsp.bellavistensis
Melocactus bellavistensis Rauh & Backeb. subsp. bellavistensis
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 36; Rauh, W., 1958: 541; Taylor, N. P., 1991: 66.
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Andean I: rocky slopes. 500-1500 m.
Voucher: Rauh K137 [1954]* (HEID, ZSS), Knize 284 (ZSS)
Melocactus bellavistensis subsp.onychacanthus (F. Ritter) N.P. Taylor

Melocactus bellavistensis subsp. onychacanthus (F. Ritter) N.P. Taylor
Synonyms: Melocactus bellavistensis onychacanthus F. Ritter, Melocactus

bellavistensis var. onychacanthus F. Ritter, Melocactus bellavistensis var.
onychacanthus F. Ritter
Reference: Taylor, N. P., 1991: 66; Hunt, D., 1992: 91.
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 1000-2000 m.
Note: Accepted at species level by Hunt (1992: 92).

Voucher: Ritter 700* (U), Knize 1047 (ZSS)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad.
Melocactus fortalezensis Rauh & Backeb.
Melocactus fortalezensis Rauh & Backeb. = Melocactus peruvianus Vaupel
Melocactus huallancensis Rauh & Backeb.
Melocactus huallancensis Rauh & Backeb. = Melocactus peruvianus Vaupel
Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 533; Ritter, F., 1981: 1310; Taylor, N. P., 1991: 67.
Melocactus jansenianus (Borg) Backeb.
Melocactus jansenianus (Borg) Backeb. = Melocactus peruvianus Vaupel
Melocactus onychacanthus F. Ritter
Melocactus onychacanthus F. Ritter = Melocactus bellavistensis subsp. onychacanthus

(F. Ritter) N.P. Taylor
Reference: Taylor, N. P., 1991: 66.
$
Melocactus onychacanthus var. albescens F. Ritter
Melocactus onychacanthus var. albescens F. Ritter = Melocactus bellavistensis

subsp. onychacanthus (F. Ritter) N.P. Taylor
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1308; Taylor, N. P., 1991: 66.
Melocactus onychacanthus var. conicus F. Ritter
Melocactus onychacanthus var. conicus F. Ritter = Melocactus bellavistensis subsp.

onychacanthus (F. Ritter) N.P. Taylor
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1308; Taylor, N. P., 1991: 66.
Melocactus peruvianus var. amstutziae (Rauh & Backeb.) Rauh & Backeb.
Melocactus peruvianus var. amstutziae (Rauh & Backeb.) Rauh & Backeb. = Melocactus
peruvianus Vaupel
Melocactus peruvianus var. canetensis Rauh & Backeb.
Melocactus peruvianus var. canetensis Rauh & Backeb. = Melocactus peruvianus Vaupel
Melocactus peruvianus var. lurinensis Rauh & Backeb.
Melocactus peruvianus var. lurinensis Rauh & Backeb. = Melocactus peruvianus Vaupel
$
Melocactus peruvianus Vaupel
Melocactus peruvianus Vaupel
Synonyms: Melocactus peruvianus (Borg) Backeb., Melocactus peruvianus (Rauh &

Backeb.) Rauh & Backeb., Melocactus peruvianus Backeb., Melocactus peruvianus
Britton & Rose, Melocactus peruvianus Rauh & Backeb., Melocactus peruvianus Rauh &
Backeb., Melocactus peruvianus Rauh & Backeb., Melocactus peruvianus Rauh &
Backeb., Melocactus peruvianus Rauh & Backeb., Melocactus peruvianus Rauh &
Backeb., Melocactus peruvianus Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 28; Rauh, W., 1958: 531; Ritter, F., 1981: 1310.
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Andean I, Coastal: dry valleys, rocky
slopes. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2629* (B), Gibson 3066 (RSA)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.
Melocactus trujillensis Rauh & Backeb.
Melocactus trujillensis Rauh & Backeb. = Melocactus peruvianus Vaupel
Melocactus trujillensis var. schoenii Rauh & Backeb.
Melocactus trujillensis var. schoenii Rauh & Backeb. = Melocactus peruvianus Vaupel
Melocactus unguispinus Backeb.
Melocactus unguispinus Backeb. = Melocactus peruvianus Vaupel
Melochia chamaedrys St. Hilaire

Melochia chamaedrys St. Hilaire
Melochia chamaedrys var.chamaedrys
Melochia chamaedrys var. chamaedrys
Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 625; Goldberg, A., 1967: 250; Soukup, J., 1974: 72.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: grasslands, shrublands. 0-1000
m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6220 (US)
Melochia cordata Burm. f.
Melochia cordata Burm. f. = Sida cordata (Burm. f.) Bors. Waalk.
Melochia crenata Vahl
Melochia crenata Vahl
Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 625; Goldberg, A., 1967: 335.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Mostacero et al. 1769 (MO!)
Melochia depressa L.
Melochia depressa L. = Kosteletzkya depressa (L.) O.J. Blanch., Fryxell & D.M.
Bates
Reference: FP 1304: 626; Goldberg, A., 1967: 352.
$
Melochia hirsuta Cav.
Melochia hirsuta Cav. = Melochia spicata (L.) Fryxell
Melochia leucantha J.F. Macbr.
Melochia leucantha J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Stork & Horton 10908* (UC photo US!), Weberbauer 6438 (US!)
Departments: Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica.
Melochia lupulina Sw.
Melochia lupulina Sw.
Synonyms: Melochia lupulina Kunth

Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed
areas, forests, dry valleys, riversides. 0-3500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, La Libertad,
Loreto, Piura, San Martín.
Melochia manducata Wright & Sauvalle in Sauvalle
Melochia manducata Wright & Sauvalle in Sauvalle
Reference: Goldberg, A., 1967: 301.

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
$
Melochia melissifolia Benth.
Melochia melissifolia Benth.

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Melochia mollis (Kunth) Triana & Planch.
Melochia mollis (Kunth) Triana & Planch.
Synonyms: Melochia mollis Kunth, Melochia mollis Presl

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, dry
valleys, grasslands. 500-2000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín,
San Martín.
Melochia nodiflora Sw.
Melochia nodiflora Sw.

Melochia peruviana Desr.
Melochia peruviana Desr.

Note: Goldberg (1967) lists this as a doubtful taxon.
$
Melochia pilosa (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle
Melochia pilosa (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle
Synonyms: Melochia pilosa (Kunth) Triana & Planch., Melochia pilosa Kunth, Melochia
pilosa Mill., Melochia pilosa Schumann, Melochia pilosa Sw.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed
areas, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San
Martín.
Melochia polystachya (Kunth) Triana & Planch.
Melochia polystachya (Kunth) Triana & Planch. = Melochia pilosa (Mill.) Fawc. &
Rendle
Melochia pseudonodiflora Hochreutiner
Melochia pseudonodiflora Hochreutiner = Melochia thymifolia (Presl) Goldberg
Melochia pyramidata L.
Melochia pyramidata L.
Synonyms: Melochia pyramidata Turcz.
Melochia pyramidata var.hieronymi Schumm.

Melochia pyramidata var. hieronymi Schumm.

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. .
Voucher: Macbride 5312 (US!)
Departments: Junín, Loreto, Tacna.
Melochia pyramidata var.pyramidata
Melochia pyramidata var. pyramidata
Synonyms: Melochia pyramidata pyramidata Turcz.

Ecology: Cultivated herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, dry valleys.
0-1000 m.
Voucher: Klug 3927 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Loreto, San Martín.
Melochia spicata (L.) Fryxell
Melochia spicata (L.) Fryxell
Synonyms: Melochia spicata (L.) A. Gray, Melochia spicata (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle,
Melochia spicata Benth., Melochia spicata Cav., Melochia spicata L., Melochia
spicata Mill.
Melochia thymifolia (Presl) Goldberg
Melochia thymifolia (Presl) Goldberg
Synonyms: Melochia thymifolia Hochreutiner, Melochia thymifolia Presl

Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Haenke 174403A* (PR), Ferreyra 6631 (MO!)
$
Melochia tomentosa L.
Melochia tomentosa L.
Melochia tomentosa var.tomentosa
Melochia tomentosa var. tomentosa
Reference: Flora Peru: 1304: 628; Goldberg, A., 1967: 329; Cristóbal, pers.
comm..
Note: Not known from Peru. The Flora of Peru cites this taxon as possibly
occuring in Peru. According to Cristobal (pers. comm.), variety turpiniana is only
known from Peru.
Melochia tomentosa var.turpiniana (Kunth) Schumann
Melochia tomentosa var. turpiniana (Kunth) Schumann
Synonyms: Melochia tomentosa turpiniana Kunth

Reference: Goldberg, A., 1967: 334; Cristóbal, pers. comm..
Melochia turpiniana Kunth
Melochia turpiniana Kunth = Melochia tomentosa var. turpiniana (Kunth) Schumann
Melochia venosa Sw.

Melochia venosa Sw. = Melochia pilosa (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle
Melochia venosa var. betonicaefolia Schumann
Melochia venosa var. betonicaefolia Schumann = Melochia pilosa (Mill.) Fawc. &
Rendle
Melochia vestita Benth.
Melochia vestita Benth. = Melochia spicata (L.) Fryxell
Melochia villosa (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle
Melochia villosa (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle = Melochia spicata (L.) Fryxell
Melothria cucumis Vell.
Melothria cucumis Vell.
Reference: Martinez Crovetto, R., 1949: 505; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 376.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
$
Melothria dulcis Wunderlin
Melothria dulcis Wunderlin
Melothria fluminensis Gardner
Melothria fluminensis Gardner = Melothria pendula L.
Melothria fluminensis var. microphylla Cogn.
Melothria fluminensis var. microphylla Cogn. = Melothria pendula L.
Melothria fluminensis var. ovata Cogn.
Melothria fluminensis var. ovata Cogn. = Melothria pendula L.
Melothria guadalupensis (Sprengel) Cogn.
Melothria guadalupensis (Sprengel) Cogn. = Melothria pendula L.
Melothria hookeri Cogn.
Melothria hookeri Cogn. = Melothria warmingii Cogn.

Reference: Jeffrey, C., 1978: 376.
Melothria pendula L.
Melothria pendula L.
Synonyms: Melothria pendula (Sprengel) Cogn., Melothria pendula Cogn., Melothria

pendula Cogn., Melothria pendula Gardner
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 361; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 376; Jeffrey, C., 1984: 483.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto,
Pasco, San Martín, Tumbes.
Melothria prunifera Poepp. & Endl.
Melothria prunifera Poepp. & Endl. = Selysia prunifera (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.
Melothria warmingii Cogn.
Melothria warmingii Cogn.
Synonyms: Melothria warmingii Cogn.

Reference: Martinez Crovetto, R., 1949: 509; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 376.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-2000 m.
Ucayali.
Melvilla speciosa A. Anderson
Melvilla speciosa A. Anderson = Cuphea melvilla Lindl.

$
Memora bilabiata Sprague
Memora bilabiata Sprague = Arrabidaea bilabiata (Sprague) Sandwith
Memora cladotricha Sandwith
Memora cladotricha Sandwith

Ecology: Native treelet. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Gentry & Díaz 58445 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
Memora croatii A.H. Gentry
Memora croatii A.H. Gentry

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Croat 18335* (MO!), Revilla 224 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Memora duckei A. Samp.
Memora duckei A. Samp. = Memora flavida (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.
Memora flavida (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.

Memora flavida (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.
Synonyms: Memora flavida (A. DC.) Miers, Memora flavida A. DC., Memora flavida A.
Samp.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: dry valleys. 0-500 m.
Memora flaviflora (Miq.) Pulle
Memora flaviflora (Miq.) Pulle
Synonyms: Memora flaviflora Miq.

Memora juliae A.H. Gentry
Memora juliae A.H. Gentry

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 20348* (AMAZ!, MO!), Gentry & Revilla 20354 (MO, USM)
Memora magnifica (C. Mart. ex DC.) Bureau
Memora magnifica (C. Mart. ex DC.) Bureau
Synonyms: Memora magnifica C. Mart. ex DC.

Note: Not known from Peru. The specimens cited in the Flora of Peru are
misidentified.
$
Memora ovata (Bureau & K. Schum.) Sprague & Sandwith
Memora ovata (Bureau & K. Schum.) Sprague & Sandwith = Memora schomburgkii (A. DC.)
Miers

Note: NN
Memora patula Miers
Memora patula Miers

Note: Not known from Peru. The specimen cited in the Flora of Peru is M.
cladotricha.
Memora pseudopatula A.H. Gentry
Memora pseudopatula A.H. Gentry

Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 16617* (AMAZ!, MO!), Davis 217 (MO)
Memora schomburgkii (A. DC.) Miers
Memora schomburgkii (A. DC.) Miers
Synonyms: Memora schomburgkii (Bureau & K. Schum.) Sprague & Sandwith, Memora
schomburgkii A. DC., Memora schomburgkii Bureau & K. Schum.
Note: Not known from Peru. The specimen cited in the Flora of Peru is M.
cladotricha.
$
Mendoncia aspera (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees
Mendoncia aspera (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees
Mendoncia aspera var.aspera
Mendoncia aspera var. aspera
Synonyms: Mendoncia aspera aspera Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Leonard, E. C., 1931: 147.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Schunke 4707 (USM!)
Mendoncia aspera var.rotundifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) Nees
Mendoncia aspera var. rotundifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) Nees
Synonyms: Mendoncia aspera rotundifolia Poepp.

Reference: Turrill, W. B., 1919: 417.
Voucher: Woytkowski 34369 (US!)
Mendoncia aurea Leonard
Mendoncia aurea Leonard

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 673* (US!), Gentry et al. 15745 (MO!)
$
Mendoncia bivalvis (L. f.) Merr.
Mendoncia bivalvis (L. f.) Merr.
Synonyms: Mendoncia bivalvis L. f.

Reference: Merrill, E. D., 1948: 213.
Mendoncia gigas Lindau
Mendoncia gigas Lindau
Reference: Lindau, G., 1914: 192.

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ule 9800* (B), Klug 2009 (US!)
Mendoncia glabra (Poepp. & Endl.) Nees
Mendoncia glabra (Poepp. & Endl.) Nees
Synonyms: Mendoncia glabra Poepp. & Endl.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Vásquez 4409 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Mendoncia glomerata Leonard
Mendoncia glomerata Leonard

$
Mendoncia hirsuta (Poepp.) Nees
Mendoncia hirsuta (Poepp.) Nees
Synonyms: Mendoncia hirsuta Poepp.

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally
Voucher: Poeppig 2252* (B photo US), Schunke 3207 (US!, USM!)
Mendoncia hoffmannseggiana Nees
Mendoncia hoffmannseggiana Nees
Synonyms: Mendoncia hoffmannseggiana Nees

Reference: Wasshausen, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally
Voucher: Foster 9404 (USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
Mendoncia killipii Leonard
Mendoncia killipii Leonard

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24622* (US), Smith et al. 5443 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco.
Mendoncia klugii Leonard
Mendoncia klugii Leonard

Voucher: Klug 1115* (US), Vásquez & Jaramillo 8660 (MO!)
Mendoncia lindavii Rusby
Mendoncia lindavii Rusby

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 0-
2000 m.
Voucher: Schunke 9936 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios,
Ucayali.
Mendoncia meyeniana Nees
Mendoncia meyeniana Nees
Mendoncia pedunculata Leonard
Mendoncia pedunculata Leonard

Voucher: Klug 659* (US!), Vásquez & Jaramillo 206 (USM!)
Mendoncia peruviana Leonard
Mendoncia peruviana Leonard

Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Mendoncia puberula (Mart.) Nees
Mendoncia puberula (Mart.) Nees
Synonyms: Mendoncia puberula Mart.

Reference: Leonard, E. C., 1951: 22; Wasshausen, pers. comm..
Note: Not known from Peru. The type, Poeppig s.n., is from nothern Brazil.
Mendoncia robusta Rusby
Mendoncia robusta Rusby
Reference: Rusby, H. H., 1927: 361.

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, shrublands. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Foster & Terborgh 6132 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Madre de Dios.
Mendoncia schomburgkiana Nees
Mendoncia schomburgkiana Nees = Mendoncia hoffmannseggiana Nees
Reference: Leonard, E. C., 1931: 146; Wasshausen, pers. comm..
Mendoncia sericea Leonard
Mendoncia sericea Leonard
Mendoncia smithii Leonard

Mendoncia smithii Leonard

Ecology: Native aquatic or terrestrial herb, vine. Amazonian: forests on white
sand. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26953* (US!), Vásquez et al. 259 (MO!, USM!)
Mendoncia speciosa Nees
Mendoncia speciosa Nees

Voucher: Unknown s.n.* (K)
Mendoncia sprucei Lindau
Mendoncia sprucei Lindau

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, riversides. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Foster et al. 7731 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios,
Pasco, Puno, San Martín, Ucayali.
Mendoncia tarapotana Lindau
Mendoncia tarapotana Lindau

Voucher: Spruce 4620* (K), Davidson 5226 (MO!)
$
Mendoncia tessmannii Mildbr.
Mendoncia tessmannii Mildbr.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Mendoncia tovarensis (Klotzsch & Karsten ex Nees) Leonard
Mendoncia tovarensis (Klotzsch & Karsten ex Nees) Leonard
Synonyms: Mendoncia tovarensis Klotzsch & Karsten ex Nees

Reference: Leonard, E.C., 1953: 563.
Ecology: Native herb, liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Klug 4209 (USM!)
Mendoncia trichota Leonard
Mendoncia trichota Leonard

Voucher: Vásquez & Jaramillo 9715 (US!)
Mendoncia velloziana (Mart.) Nees
Mendoncia velloziana (Mart.) Nees
Synonyms: Mendoncia velloziana Mart.

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally
Voucher: Schunke 12274 (USM!)
$
Mendozia aspera Ruiz & Pav.
Mendozia aspera Ruiz & Pav. = Mendoncia aspera var. aspera
Mendozia glabra Poepp. & Endl.
Mendozia glabra Poepp. & Endl. = Mendoncia glabra (Poepp. & Endl.) Nees
Mendozia hirsuta Poepp.
Mendozia hirsuta Poepp. = Mendoncia hirsuta (Poepp.) Nees
Mendozia puberula Mart.
Mendozia puberula Mart. = Mendoncia puberula (Mart.) Nees
Note: NN
Mendozia rotundifolia Poepp.
Mendozia rotundifolia Poepp. = Mendoncia aspera var. rotundifolia (Poepp. & Endl.)
Nees
Reference: Turrill, W. B., 1919: 417.
$
Mendozia velloziana Mart.
Mendozia velloziana Mart. = Mendoncia velloziana (Mart.) Nees
Mengea peruviana Schauer
Mengea peruviana Schauer = Amaranthus peruvianus (Schauer) Standl.
Mentha aquatica L.
Mentha aquatica L.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Metcalf 30479 (UC)
Mentha aquatica var. glabrata Benth.
Mentha aquatica var. glabrata Benth. = Mentha X piperita var. citrata (Ehrhart)
Briq.
Reference: FP 1287: 743; Harley, pers. comm..
Mentha arvensis L.
Mentha arvensis L.

Ecology: Introduced .
Note: No Peruvian voucher seen.
$
Mentha citrata Ehrhart
Mentha citrata Ehrhart = Mentha X piperita var. citrata (Ehrhart) Briq.
Mentha lavandulacea Willd.
Mentha lavandulacea Willd. = Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds.

Note: NN
Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds.
Mentha longifolia (L.) Huds.
Synonyms: Mentha longifolia Willd.

Reference: Harley, pers. comm..
Mentha spicata L.
Mentha spicata L.
Synonyms: Mentha spicata (L.) L.

Ecology: Introduced herb. .
Voucher: Epling s.n.
Mentha viridis (L.) L.
Mentha viridis (L.) L. = Mentha spicata L.

Mentha X piperita L. (pro sp.)
Mentha X piperita L. (pro sp.)

Ecology: Introduced .
Note: author as "L. (pro sp.)"
Mentha X piperita var.citrata (Ehrhart) Briq.
Mentha X piperita var. citrata (Ehrhart) Briq.
Synonyms: Mentha X piperita citrata Ehrhart, Mentha X piperita var. citrata Benth.
Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, riversides. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Stork & Horton 10813 (UC)
Departments: Arequipa, Huancavelica.
Mentzelia aspera L.
Mentzelia aspera L.
Synonyms: Mentzelia aspera Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. López
Mentzelia cordifolia Dombey ex Urb. & Gilg
Mentzelia cordifolia Dombey ex Urb. & Gilg

Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: rocky
slopes. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (B), Ferreyra 9585 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Lambayeque, Lima,
La Libertad.
Mentzelia fendleriana Urb. & Gilg
Mentzelia fendleriana Urb. & Gilg

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 1000-3500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Junín, Lima, Piura.
Mentzelia fulva Ruiz & Pav. ex A. Löpez
Mentzelia fulva Ruiz & Pav. ex A. Löpez = Mentzelia ignea (Phil.) Urb. & Gilg
Mentzelia ignea (Phil.) Urb. & Gilg
Mentzelia ignea (Phil.) Urb. & Gilg
Synonyms: Mentzelia ignea Phil., Mentzelia ignea Ruiz & Pav. ex A. Löpez
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-3000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Arequipa, Ica, Lambayeque, Lima.
Mentzelia triloba Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. López
Mentzelia triloba Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. López = Mentzelia aspera L.
Menyanthes indica L.
Menyanthes indica L. = Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze
Reference: Ornduff, R., 1969: 351.

$
Meratia lindenii A. DC.
Meratia lindenii A. DC. = Moritzia lindenii (A. DC.) Gürke ex Benth.
Meriania acida (Markgr.) Wurdack
Meriania acida (Markgr.) Wurdack
Synonyms: Meriania acida Markgr.
Meriania amischophylla Wurdack
Meriania amischophylla Wurdack

Voucher: Schunke 9842* (US!), Schunke 11374 (US!)
Meriania cuzcoana Wurdack
Meriania cuzcoana Wurdack

Voucher: Vargas 5107* (CUZ!, US!)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Meriania dependens (R. & P.) Naudin
Meriania dependens (R. & P.) Naudin = Axinaea dependens Ruiz & Pav.
Meriania hexamera Sprague
Meriania hexamera Sprague

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Smith 8556 (US!)
Meriania intonsa Gleason
Meriania intonsa Gleason = Adelobotrys intonsa (Gleason) Wurdack
Meriania longifolia (Naud.) Cogn.
Meriania longifolia (Naud.) Cogn.
Synonyms: Meriania longifolia Naudin

Note: Not known from Peru (Wurdack, pers. comm.).
Meriania longifolia var. spruceana (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr.
Meriania longifolia var. spruceana (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr. = Meriania spruceana

Cogn.

$
Meriania nobilis Triana
Meriania nobilis Triana

Meriania oblongifolia Cogn.
Meriania oblongifolia Cogn. = Axinaea oblongifolia (Cogn.) Wurdack
Meriania prunifolia Don,G.
Meriania prunifolia Don,G.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Schunke 5567 (US!)
Meriania radula (Benth.) Triana
Meriania radula (Benth.) Triana
Synonyms: Meriania radula Benth., Meriania radula J.F. Macbr., Meriania radula Ruiz
& Pav.
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: riversides. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US), Wurdack 658 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, La Libertad, San Martín.
$
Meriania raimondii Markgr.
Meriania raimondii Markgr. = Meriania tetragona (Cogn.) Wurdack
Meriania rugosa Markgr.
Meriania rugosa Markgr.

Ecology. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Raimondi 1866* (B), Wurdack 1617 (US!, USM!)
Meriania spruceana Cogn.
Meriania spruceana Cogn.
Synonyms: Meriania spruceana (Cogniaux) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 309; Wurdack, pers. comm..
Voucher: Spruce 4204* (US!), Klug 3642 (US!)
Meriania tetragona (Cogn.) Wurdack
Meriania tetragona (Cogn.) Wurdack
Synonyms: Meriania tetragona Cogn., Meriania tetragona Markgr.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4403* (US!), Hutchison & Wright 5507 (MO!, USM!)
$
Meriania tetraquetra Triana
Meriania tetraquetra Triana

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* , Weberbauer 7048
Departments: Amazonas, La Libertad.
Meriania tomentosa (Cogn.) Wurdack
Meriania tomentosa (Cogn.) Wurdack
Synonyms: Meriania tomentosa (Bonpl.) Triana, Meriania tomentosa Bonpl., Meriania

tomentosa Cogn.
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-III: cloud forests. 1000-4500 m.
Voucher: Núñez & Arque 8369 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Pasco, Piura, San Martín.
Meriania urceolata Triana
Meriania urceolata Triana

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Meriania vargasii Wurdack
Meriania vargasii Wurdack

Voucher: Vargas 13240* (CUZ, US!), Vargas 10644 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Meriania vilcabambensis Wurdack
Meriania vilcabambensis Wurdack

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Dudley 10595* (NA), Dudley 10538 (NA)
Departments: Cuzco.
Meriania weberbaueri J.F. Macbr.
Meriania weberbaueri J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6659* (MOL!, US!), Ferreyra 6847 (US!, USM!)
Meringium fucoides (Sw.) Copel.
Meringium fucoides (Sw.) Copel. = ?
Merizadenia arcuata (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers
Merizadenia arcuata (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers = Tabernaemontana cymosa Jacq.
Reference: FP 1343: 401; Leeuwenberg, pers. comm..

Note: Treated under Tabernaemontana arcuata in the Flora of Peru.
Merizadenia sananho (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers

Merizadenia sananho (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers = Tabernaemontana sananho Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: FP 1343: 409; van Beek, T. A., R. Verpoorte, A. Baerheim Svendsen, A. J.

M. Leeuwenberg & N. G. Bisset, 1984: 17.
Merope aretioides (Sch. Bip.) Wedd.
Merope aretioides (Sch. Bip.) Wedd. = Mniodes aretioides (Sch. Bip.) Cuatrec.
Merope piptolepis Wedd.
Merope piptolepis Wedd. = Belloa piptolepis (Wedd.) Cabrera
Merope schultzii Wedd.
Merope schultzii Wedd. = Belloa schultzii (Wedd.) Cabrera
Merostachys brevispica Munro
Merostachys brevispica Munro

Voucher: Spruce s.n.* [in 1856] (K)
$
Merremia aegyptia (L.) Urb.
Merremia aegyptia (L.) Urb.
Synonyms: Merremia aegyptia L., Merremia aegyptia L.

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-
3000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Junín, Piura.
Merremia cissoides (Lam.) Hallier f.
Merremia cissoides (Lam.) Hallier f.
Synonyms: Merremia cissoides (Lam.) Griseb., Merremia cissoides Lam.

Voucher: Chrostowski 69-257 (MO!)
Merremia dissecta (Jacq.) Hallier f.
Merremia dissecta (Jacq.) Hallier f.
Synonyms: Merremia dissecta (Jacq.) Pursh, Merremia dissecta Jacq., Merremia

dissecta Ort.
Note: Not known from Peru. The Flora of Peru incorrectly lists this species as a
synonym of Ipomoea tuberosa.
Merremia glabra (Aubl.) Hallier f.
Merremia glabra (Aubl.) Hallier f. = Merremia macrocalyx (Ruiz & Pav.) O'Donell
$
Merremia grandiflora Ooststr.
Merremia grandiflora Ooststr.

Ecology: Endemic subshrub, vine. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5218* (F), Goodspeed 11315 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.
Merremia macrocalyx (Ruiz & Pav.) O'Donell
Merremia macrocalyx (Ruiz & Pav.) O'Donell
Synonyms: Merremia macrocalyx (Aubl.) Choisy in A. DC., Merremia macrocalyx (Aubl.)

Hallier f., Merremia macrocalyx (Ruiz & Pav.) Choisy in A. DC., Merremia macrocalyx
Aubl., Merremia macrocalyx Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests,
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (F), Solomon 3287 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno,
Merremia quinquefolia (L.) Hallier f.
Merremia quinquefolia (L.) Hallier f.
Synonyms: Merremia quinquefolia (L.) Choisy, Merremia quinquefolia (L.) L.,

Merremia quinquefolia L.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I: disturbed areas, shrublands. 500-1500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Huánuco, Junín.
Merremia triquetra (M. Vahl) G. Rob.
Merremia triquetra (M. Vahl) G. Rob. = Operculina triquetra (M. Vahl) J.F. Macbr.
Note: NN
Merremia tuberosa (L.) Rendle
Merremia tuberosa (L.) Rendle
Synonyms: Merremia tuberosa L.

Ecology: Introduced liana. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Smith et al. 5606 (MO!)
Merremia umbellata (L.) Hallier f.
Merremia umbellata (L.) Hallier f.
Synonyms: Merremia umbellata (L.) G. Meyer, Merremia umbellata L., Merremia

umbellata Roem. & Schult.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura,
San Martín.
Merremia weberbaueri Ooststr.
Merremia weberbaueri Ooststr.

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: desert, grasslands, shrublands. 2000-2500 m.
Mertensia bancroftii (Hook.) Kunze

Mertensia bancroftii (Hook.) Kunze = ?
Mertensia bifida Willd.
Mertensia bifida Willd. = ?
Mertensia brasiliensis Gardner
Mertensia brasiliensis Gardner = Celtis pubescens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Sprengel
Mertensia flexuosa Schrad.
Mertensia flexuosa Schrad. = ?
Mertensia laevigata Kunth
Mertensia laevigata Kunth = Celtis iguanaea (Jacq.) Sarg.
Reference: FP 1231: 271; Carauta, J. P. P., 1974: 104.
Mertensia longipinnata (Hook.) Klotzsch
Mertensia longipinnata (Hook.) Klotzsch = ?

$
Mertensia mathewsii (Hook.) Fée
Mertensia mathewsii (Hook.) Fée = ?
Mertensia nervosa Kaulf.
Mertensia nervosa Kaulf. = ?
Mertensia pectinata Willd.
Mertensia pectinata Willd. = ?
Mertensia pennigera Mart.
Mertensia pennigera Mart. = ?
Mertensia pruinosa Mart.
Mertensia pruinosa Mart. = ?
$
Mertensia pubescens Humb. & Bonpl.
Mertensia pubescens Humb. & Bonpl. = Celtis pubescens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Sprengel
Mertensia remota Kaulf.
Mertensia remota Kaulf. = ?
Mertensia revoluta (Kunth) Desv.
Mertensia revoluta (Kunth) Desv. = ?
Mertensia rigida Kunze
Mertensia rigida Kunze = ?
Mertensia simplex Desv.
Mertensia simplex Desv. = ?
Mertensia tomentosa Cav. ex Sw.

Mertensia tomentosa Cav. ex Sw. = ?
Mertensia velata Kunze
Mertensia velata Kunze = ?
Mesadenella cuspidata (Lindl.) Garay
Mesadenella cuspidata (Lindl.) Garay
Synonyms: Mesadenella cuspidata (Linden & Rchb. f.) Cogn., Mesadenella cuspidata
(Linden & Reichenbach f.) Pabst & Garay, Mesadenella cuspidata Linden & Reichenbach
f., Mesadenella cuspidata Lindl.
Mesadenella esmeraldae (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Pabst & Garay
Mesadenella esmeraldae (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Pabst & Garay = Mesadenella
cuspidata (Lindl.) Garay
Reference: FP 1438: 138; Garay, L. A., 1978: 238; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Mesadenella peruviana Garay
Mesadenella peruviana Garay

Voucher: Plowman & Kennedy 5713* (AMES!)
$
Mesechites acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.) Müll. Arg.
Mesechites acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.) Müll. Arg.
Synonyms: Mesechites acuminata Markgr., Mesechites acuminata Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 500-2500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Croat 58121 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San
Martín.
Mesechites dichotoma (Kunth) Miers
Mesechites dichotoma (Kunth) Miers = Mesechites trifida (Jacq.) Müll. Arg.
Mesechites japurensis (Stadelmeyer) Müll. Arg.
Mesechites japurensis (Stadelmeyer) Müll. Arg. = Mesechites trifida (Jacq.)

Müll. Arg.
Mesechites pilosissima Woodson
Mesechites pilosissima Woodson

$
Mesechites sanctae-crucis (S. Moore) Woodson
Mesechites sanctae-crucis (S. Moore) Woodson
Synonyms: Mesechites sanctae-crucis S. Moore

Ecology: Native vine. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 500-1000 m.
Mesechites trifida (Jacq.) Müll. Arg.
Mesechites trifida (Jacq.) Müll. Arg.
Synonyms: Mesechites trifida (Kunth) Miers, Mesechites trifida (Stadelmeyer)

Müll. Arg., Mesechites trifida Jacq., Mesechites trifida Kunth, Mesechites
trifida Stadelmeyer
Voucher: Wasshausen & Encarnación 754 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto,
Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín, Ucayali.
Mesembryanthemum cordifolium L. f.
Mesembryanthemum cordifolium L. f. = Aptenia cordifolia (L. f.) N.E. Br.
Reference: Brown, N. E., 1928: 139.
Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.
Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.
Mesosphaerum grandiflorum Rusby

Mesosphaerum grandiflorum Rusby = Hyptis tafallae Benth.
Reference: FP 1287: 741; Epling, C., 1949: 197.
Mesosphaerum salvioides Zahlbr.
Mesosphaerum salvioides Zahlbr.
Reference: Zahlbruckner, A., 1892: 9.

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m.
Note: Not treated in the Flora of Peru.
Voucher: Jelski 73* (W)
Mesospinidium densiflorum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Mesospinidium densiflorum (Lindl.) Rchb. f. = Cochlioda densiflora Lindl.
Mesospinidium elegantulum (Rchb. f.) Garay
Mesospinidium elegantulum (Rchb. f.) Garay = Ada elegantula (Rchb. f.) N.H.
Williams
Mesospinidium incantans Rchb. f.
Mesospinidium incantans Rchb. f.

$
Mesospinidium peruvianum Garay
Mesospinidium peruvianum Garay

Voucher: Rauch 23794* (AMES)
Mesospinidium roseum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Mesospinidium roseum (Lindl.) Rchb. f. = Cochlioda rosea (Lindl.) Benth.
Mesospinidium sanguineum Rchb. f.
Mesospinidium sanguineum Rchb. f. = Symphyglossum sanguineum (Reichenbach f.)

Schltr.
Mesospinidium vulcanicum Rchb. f.
Mesospinidium vulcanicum Rchb. f. = Cochlioda vulcanica (Rchb. f.) Benth. & Hook.
f. ex B.D. Jacks.
Mesospinidium wallisii Rchb. f.
Mesospinidium wallisii Rchb. f. = Odontoglossum obscurum C. Schweinf.

Mespilodaphne aurantiodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Meisn.
Mespilodaphne aurantiodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Meisn. = Ocotea aurantiodora (Ruiz & Pav.)
Mez
Mespilodaphne balanocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees
Mespilodaphne balanocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees = Ocotea balanocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Reference: FP 610: 895; Rohwer, J. G., 1986: 121.
Mespilodaphne laxiflora Meisn.
Mespilodaphne laxiflora Meisn. = Ocotea pauciflora (Nees) Mez
Mespilodaphne myriantha Meisn.
Mespilodaphne myriantha Meisn. = Ocotea myriantha (Meisn.) Mez
Mespilus ferruginea Poir.
Mespilus ferruginea Poir. = Hesperomeles lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Hook.
$
Mespilus heterophylla Ruiz & Pav.
Mespilus heterophylla Ruiz & Pav. = Hesperomeles heterophylla (Ruiz & Pav.) Hook.
Mespilus japonica Thunb.
Mespilus japonica Thunb. = Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.
Reference: Bailey, L. H., 1949: 511.
Mespilus lanuginosa Ruiz & Pav.
Mespilus lanuginosa Ruiz & Pav. = Hesperomeles lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Hook.
Mespilus persoonia Sprengel
Mespilus persoonia Sprengel = Hesperomeles heterophylla (Ruiz & Pav.) Hook.
Mespilus pubescens Kunth
Mespilus pubescens Kunth = Crataegus mexicana Mocino & Sesse
Reference: Calderon de Rzedowski, G., 1979: 267.
Mespilus stipulosa Kunth
Mespilus stipulosa Kunth = Crataegus mexicana Mocino & Sesse

Reference: Calderon de Rzedowski, G., 1979: 267.
Messerschmidtia hirsutissima (L.) Roem. & Schult.
Messerschmidtia hirsutissima (L.) Roem. & Schult. = Tournefortia hirsutissima L.
Metagonia alaternoides (Kunth) Nutt.
Metagonia alaternoides (Kunth) Nutt. = Disterigma alaternoides (Kunth) Nied.
Metagonia corymbodendron Ruiz & Pav. ex Nutt.
Metagonia corymbodendron Ruiz & Pav. ex Nutt. = Vaccinium corymbodendron Ruiz &
Pav. ex Dunal
Metagonia didymantha (Dunal) Nutt.
Metagonia didymantha (Dunal) Nutt. = Vaccinium didymanthum Dunal
Metagonia terniflora (Dunal) Nutt.
Metagonia terniflora (Dunal) Nutt. = Vaccinium dependens (G. Don) Sleumer

$
Metalepis albiflora Urb.
Metalepis albiflora Urb.
Reference: Morillo, G., 1991: 53; Urban, I., 1919: 37.

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1500
m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
Metastachys corymbosa (Dietrich) Tiegh.
Metastachys corymbosa (Dietrich) Tiegh. = Tristerix longebracteatus (Desr.) Barlow

& Wiens
Reference: Kuijt, J., 1988: 30.
Metastachys grandiflorus (Ruiz & Pav.) Tiegh.
Metastachys grandiflorus (Ruiz & Pav.) Tiegh. = Tristerix grandiflorus (Ruiz &
Pav.) Barlow & Wiens
Metastelma calycinum Schltr.
Metastelma calycinum Schltr.
Reference: Schlechter, R., 1916: 1.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Metastelma fiebrigii Schltr.
Metastelma fiebrigii Schltr.
Reference: Schlechter, R., 1906: 609; Goyder, pers. comm..

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Stork et al. 10559 (K!)
Metastelma peruvianum Schltr.
Metastelma peruvianum Schltr.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Metastelma rariflorum Schltr.
Metastelma rariflorum Schltr.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Puno.
Metastelma stenolobum Decne. in A. DC.
Metastelma stenolobum Decne. in A. DC.
Synonyms: Metastelma stenolobum (Decne. in A. DC.) Morillo

Reference: Morillo, G., 1981: 19; Goyder, pers. comm..
Voucher: Ule 9526 (K!)
Metaxya rostrata (Kunth) C. Presl
Metaxya rostrata (Kunth) C. Presl

Metrodorea flavida K. Krause
Metrodorea flavida K. Krause
Synonyms: Metrodorea flavida A.C. Sm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 655: 671; Kaastra, R. C., 1982: 119.
Voucher: Hartshorn 2425 (MO!)
Metteniusa tessmanniana (Sleumer) Sleumer
Metteniusa tessmanniana (Sleumer) Sleumer
Synonyms: Metteniusa tessmanniana Sleumer

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. This taxon is not treated in
the Flora of Peru. Often treated in its own family (Metteniusaceae) or Alangiaceae
(Gunn et al., 1992: 58; Howard, pers. comm.).
Voucher: Tessman 4042* (B), Tessman 4235 (B)
Mezia includens (Benth.) Cuatrec.

Mezia includens (Benth.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Mezia includens (Benth.) Nied., Mezia includens (Turcz.) Nied., Mezia
includens Benth., Mezia includens Turcz.
Note: The Flora of Peru considered the two cited voucher collections under
"Diplopteris" involuta, Tessmann 4564 and 4931, to represent var. ovata.
Voucher: Tessmann 4564 (B)
Mezilaurus itauba (Meisn.) Taub. ex Mez
Mezilaurus itauba (Meisn.) Taub. ex Mez
Synonyms: Mezilaurus itauba Meisn.

Reference: Werff, H. van der, 1987: 164.
Voucher: Díaz 17 53-96 (MO!)
Mezilaurus opaca Kubitzki & van der Werff
Mezilaurus opaca Kubitzki & van der Werff

Voucher: Revilla 1226* (MO)
Mezilaurus palcazuensis van der Werff
Mezilaurus palcazuensis van der Werff

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Hartshorn et al. 2691* (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.
Mezilaurus subcordata (Ducke) Kostermans
Mezilaurus subcordata (Ducke) Kostermans
Synonyms: Mezilaurus subcordata Ducke

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Mezilaurus synandra (Mez) Kostermans
Mezilaurus synandra (Mez) Kostermans
Synonyms: Mezilaurus synandra Mez
Mezobromelia hutchisonii (L.B. Sm.) W. Weber & L.B. Sm.
Mezobromelia hutchisonii (L.B. Sm.) W. Weber & L.B. Sm.
Synonyms: Mezobromelia hutchisonii L.B. Sm., Mezobromelia hutchisonii Rauh

Reference: Weber, W. & L. B. Smith, 1983: 121.
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. .. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Rauh 40104* (US!), Hutchison & Wright 6801 (USM!)
Mezobromelia pleiosticha (Griseb.) Utley & H. Luther
Mezobromelia pleiosticha (Griseb.) Utley & H. Luther
Synonyms: Mezobromelia pleiosticha (Griseb.) Gouda, Mezobromelia pleiosticha

(Griseb.) Mez, Mezobromelia pleiosticha Griseb.
Reference: Gouda, E. J., 1987: 82; Utley, J. F. & H. Luther, 1991: 270.
Note: Not reconfirmed. No Peruvian specimens are cited by Gouda (1987) or Utley &
Luther (1991).
Mezobromelia trollii Rauh
Mezobromelia trollii Rauh = Mezobromelia hutchisonii (L.B. Sm.) W. Weber & L.B. Sm.
Reference: Weber, W. & L. B. Smith, 1983: 121.
Miconia abbreviata Markgr.
Miconia abbreviata Markgr.

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 4548* (US!), Smith 1228 (US!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín, Ucayali.
Miconia acreana Ule
Miconia acreana Ule

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Foster 11737 (US!)
Miconia acuminifera Triana
Miconia acuminifera Triana

$
Miconia adinantha Wurdack
Miconia adinantha Wurdack

Voucher: Dudley 10384* (US!), Smith et al. 1564 (US!)
Miconia adrieni J.F. Macbr.
Miconia adrieni J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m.
Voucher: Macbride 5077* (US!), Asplund 13294 (US!)
Departments: Huánuco, Ucayali.
Miconia affinis DC.
Miconia affinis DC.
Synonyms: Miconia affinis DC.

Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1970: 382; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 173.
Voucher: Schunke 4987 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San
Martín.
Miconia aggregata Gleason
Miconia aggregata Gleason
Miconia aggregata subsp.australis Wurdack

Miconia aggregata subsp. australis Wurdack

Voucher: Wurdack 1629* (US!)
Miconia agyna Naudin
Miconia agyna Naudin = Miconia caerulea subsp. caerulea
Miconia albicans (Sw.) Triana
Miconia albicans (Sw.) Triana
Synonyms: Miconia albicans Sw.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I: grasslands. 500-1500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San
Martín.
Miconia aligera Wurdack
Miconia aligera Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Dudley 11261* (US!), Dudley 10612 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Miconia alpina Cogn.

Miconia alpina Cogn.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean III: forests. 3500-4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4953* (US!), Weberbauer 3317 (MOL!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Huánuco.
Miconia alternans Naudin
Miconia alternans Naudin

Miconia alypifolia Naudin
Miconia alypifolia Naudin

Voucher: Weberbauer 4168* (US!), Acleto 498 (US!)
Miconia amazonica Triana
Miconia amazonica Triana

Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín.
$
Miconia amnicola Wurdack
Miconia amnicola Wurdack

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, riversides. 0-
500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 158* (US!), Killip & Smith 27530 (US!)
Miconia ampla Triana
Miconia ampla Triana
Synonyms: Miconia ampla Gleason

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Miconia amplexans (Crueg.) Cogn.
Miconia amplexans (Crueg.) Cogn. = Miconia tomentosa (Rich.) D. Don ex DC.
Miconia amplexicaulis Naudin
Miconia amplexicaulis Naudin

Voucher: Poeppig 1424* (US!), Mexia 8288 (US!)
Miconia andina (Naudin) Naudin

Miconia andina (Naudin) Naudin = Miconia latifolia (D. Don) Naudin
Miconia appendiculata Triana
Miconia appendiculata Triana

Miconia aprica Gleason
Miconia aprica Gleason

Voucher: Killip & Smith 24246* (US!), Killip & Smith 24316 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Junín.
Miconia argyrophylla Schrank & Mart. ex DC.
Miconia argyrophylla Schrank & Mart. ex DC.
Synonyms: Miconia argyrophylla Schrank & Mart. ex DC. in syn.

Voucher: Foster et al. 10874 (US!, USM!)
Miconia aspergillaris (Bonpl.) Naudin

Miconia aspergillaris (Bonpl.) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia aspergillaris Bonpl.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: riversides. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 6643 (US!, USM!)
Miconia asperrima Triana
Miconia asperrima Triana

Voucher: Barbour 3960 (US!)
Miconia aspiazui J.F. Macbr.
Miconia aspiazui J.F. Macbr. = Miconia spennerostachya Naudin
Miconia astroplocama Donn. Sm.
Miconia astroplocama Donn. Sm.
Synonyms: Miconia astroplocama Wurdack

Voucher: McDaniel 10780 (US!)
Miconia atrofusca Cogn.

Miconia atrofusca Cogn.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: seasonally inundated areas. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3726* (MOL!, US!), Macbride 5188 (US!)
Miconia aulocalyx Mart.
Miconia aulocalyx Mart.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2308* (US!), Schunke 1563 (US!)
Miconia aurea (D. Don) Naudin
Miconia aurea (D. Don) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia aurea D. Don

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Schunke 2902 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San
Martín.
Miconia aureoides Cogn.
Miconia aureoides Cogn.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4519* (US!), Rimachi 8501 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San
Martín.
$
Miconia axinaeoides Gleason
Miconia axinaeoides Gleason
Miconia ayacuchensis Wurdack
Miconia ayacuchensis Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II-III: elfin forests. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Dudley 11992* (US), Terborgh 10381 (NA)
Miconia bailloniana J.F. Macbr.
Miconia bailloniana J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Miconia bailloniana Hook. f. ex Cogn.

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Note: as nom. nov. Pterocladon sprucei Hook. f. ex Cogn. 1886
Voucher: Spruce 4312* , Schunke 6034 (US!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, San Martín, Ucayali.
Miconia bangii Cogn.
Miconia bangii Cogn.
Miconia barbeyana Cogn.
Miconia barbeyana Cogn.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 500-2500 m.
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (US!), Foster et al. 7715 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto,
Pasco, San Martín.
Miconia barbinervis (Benth.) Triana
Miconia barbinervis (Benth.) Triana
Synonyms: Miconia barbinervis Benth.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, San Martín.
Miconia benthamiana Triana
Miconia benthamiana Triana
Synonyms: Miconia benthamiana (Benth.) Gleason, Miconia benthamiana Benth.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Lechler s.n.* (US!), Dillon et al. s.n. (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Puno.
Miconia biglandulosa Gleason
Miconia biglandulosa Gleason

Voucher: Killip & Smith 26933* (US!), Wurdack 1839 (US!, USM!)
Miconia brachyanthera Triana
Miconia brachyanthera Triana

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: forests. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Mathews 1726* (US!), Wurdack 1058 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Pasco.
Miconia brachybotrya Triana
Miconia brachybotrya Triana

Voucher: Croat 19545 (US!)
Miconia bracteata (DC.) Triana
Miconia bracteata (DC.) Triana
Synonyms: Miconia bracteata DC.

Miconia bracteolata (Bonpl.) DC.
Miconia bracteolata (Bonpl.) DC.
Synonyms: Miconia bracteolata Bonpl.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Dillon & Turner 1731 (MO!, USM!), Sagástegui et al. 9530 (US!)
Miconia brevis J.F. Macbr.

Miconia brevis J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Weberbauer 6334* (US!), Cano 1958 (US!)
Departments: Lambayeque, Piura.
Miconia brevistylis Cogn.
Miconia brevistylis Cogn.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3853* (MOL!, US!)
Miconia bubalina (D. Don) Naudin
Miconia bubalina (D. Don) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia bubalina D. Don, Miconia bubalina Pav. ex D. Don

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: cloud forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Smith 1231 (US!)
Martín, Ucayali.
Miconia bullata (Turcz.) Triana
Miconia bullata (Turcz.) Triana
Synonyms: Miconia bullata J.F. Macbr., Miconia bullata Turcz.

Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Mathews 373* (US!), Wurdack 1705 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huancavelica.
$
Miconia buxifolia Naudin
Miconia buxifolia Naudin

Miconia caelata (Bonpland) DC.
Miconia caelata (Bonpland) DC.
Synonyms: Miconia caelata Bonpland

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2500-3000 m.
Note: "First record for Peru"
Voucher: Ochoa & Salas 14803 (US!)
Miconia caerulea Pav. ex Naud.
Miconia caerulea Pav. ex Naud.
Miconia caerulea subsp.caerulea
Miconia caerulea subsp. caerulea
Synonyms: Miconia caerulea caerulea D. Don, Miconia caerulea caerulea Naudin,

Miconia caerulea caerulea Pav. ex D. Don
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Williams 7757 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San Martín.
Miconia caerulea subsp.vilcabambae Wurdack

Miconia caerulea subsp. vilcabambae Wurdack

Voucher: Dudley 10421* (US!), Madison 10115 (NA)
Departments: Cuzco.
Miconia cajanumana Wurdack
Miconia cajanumana Wurdack

Voucher: Cano 1507 (US!)
Departments: Piura.
Miconia calophylla (D. Don) Triana
Miconia calophylla (D. Don) Triana
Synonyms: Miconia calophylla D. Don, Miconia calophylla Naudin

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Smith et al. 8715 (US!)
Departments: Pasco.
Miconia calvescens DC.
Miconia calvescens DC.
Synonyms: Miconia calvescens Schrank & Mart. ex DC. in syn.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, cloud
forests. 0-2500 m.
Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Martín, Ucayali.
$
Miconia cannabina Markgr.
Miconia cannabina Markgr.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 3519* (US!), Klug 1976 (US!)
Miconia capitata Ule
Miconia capitata Ule = Miconia vittata (Linden & Andre) Cogn.
Miconia carassana Cogn.
Miconia carassana Cogn.
Synonyms: Miconia carassana Gleason, Miconia carassana Markgr.

Voucher: Plowman et al. 6960 (US!)
Miconia carpishana Wurdack
Miconia carpishana Wurdack

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Maguire & Maguire 44436* (US!)
$
Miconia cauingia J.F. Macbr.
Miconia cauingia J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Stork & Horton 9992* (US!), Hutchison et al. 6159 (US!, USM!)
Miconia cayumbensis Gleason
Miconia cayumbensis Gleason

Voucher: Bell & Wiser 8868 (US!)
Miconia cecidophora Naudin
Miconia cecidophora Naudin

Miconia centrandra Ule
Miconia centrandra Ule

Miconia centrodesma Naudin

Miconia centrodesma Naudin

Voucher: Bell & Wiser 88-68 (US!)
Martín.
Miconia centrodesmoides Wurdack
Miconia centrodesmoides Wurdack

Voucher: Davidson & Jones 9267 (US!)
Miconia centrophora Naudin
Miconia centrophora Naudin

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (US!), Hutchison & Wright 5791 (US!)
Miconia chamissois Naudin
Miconia chamissois Naudin

Miconia chionophila Naudin

Miconia chionophila Naudin

4500 m.
Voucher: Lechler 6260* (US!), Sánchez 780 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Pasco, Puno.
Miconia choriophylla var.brevifolia Wurdack
Miconia choriophylla var. brevifolia Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: elfin forests. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Dudley 13520* (US!)
Miconia choriophylla var.choriophylla
Miconia choriophylla var. choriophylla

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides. 1000-2000 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Pasco, Ucayali.
Miconia choriophylla Wurdack
Miconia choriophylla Wurdack
Miconia chrysanthera Cogn.
Miconia chrysanthera Cogn. = Miconia denticulata Naudin

Miconia chrysopetala Naudin
Miconia chrysopetala Naudin = Miconia coelestis Pav. ex Naud.
Miconia chrysophylla (Rich.) Urb.
Miconia chrysophylla (Rich.) Urb.
Synonyms: Miconia chrysophylla (L.C. Rich. ex Humb. & Bonpl.) DC., Miconia
chrysophylla L.C. Rich. ex Humb. & Bonpl., Miconia chrysophylla Rich.
Voucher: Williams 4809 (US!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.
Miconia ciliaris Triana
Miconia ciliaris Triana

Miconia ciliata (Rich.) DC.
Miconia ciliata (Rich.) DC.
Miconia ciliata var.ciliata

Miconia ciliata var. ciliata
Synonyms: Miconia ciliata ciliata Rich.

Miconia ciliata var.congestiflora (DC.) Cogn.
Miconia ciliata var. congestiflora (DC.) Cogn.
Miconia clathrantha Triana & Cogn.
Miconia clathrantha Triana & Cogn.
Synonyms: Miconia clathrantha Mart. ex Triana in syn.

Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1719* (US!), Barbour 2629 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco.
Miconia clavistila Gleason
Miconia clavistila Gleason = Miconia stelligera Cogn.
Miconia clivorum Wurdack
Miconia clivorum Wurdack

Voucher: Wurdack 1794* (US!), Wurdack 1655 (US!)
$
Miconia coelestis Pav. ex Naud.
Miconia coelestis Pav. ex Naud.
Synonyms: Miconia coelestis D. Don in syn., Miconia coelestis Naudin, Miconia

coelestis Pav. ex D. Don
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Foster & Smith 7565 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco.
Miconia comosa Cogn.
Miconia comosa Cogn.

Voucher: Spruce 4438* (US!)
Miconia compacta Gleason
Miconia compacta Gleason = Miconia carassana Cogn.
Miconia condylata Wurdack
Miconia condylata Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: forests, riversides. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 1105* (US!, USM!), Foster et al. 10356 (F, USM!)
Departments: Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín, Ucayali.
$
Miconia congesta Cogn.
Miconia congesta Cogn. = Miconia poeppigii Triana
Miconia consimilis Pilg.
Miconia consimilis Pilg. = Graffenrieda gracilis (Triana) L.O. Williams
Miconia cookii Gleason
Miconia cookii Gleason

Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1742* (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Miconia corymbiformis Cogn.
Miconia corymbiformis Cogn.

Miconia crassifolia Triana
Miconia crassifolia Triana

Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (US!), Wurdack 516 (US!, USM!)
Miconia crassipes Triana
Miconia crassipes Triana

Voucher: Mathews 1300* (US!), Hutchison & Wright 3816 (US!, USM!)
Miconia crassistigma Cogn.
Miconia crassistigma Cogn.

Voucher: Weberbauer 3407* (MOL!, US!), López & Sagástegui 5393 (US!)
Miconia cremophylla Naudin
Miconia cremophylla Naudin

Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (US!), Smith 4467 (US!)
Miconia cretacea Gleason

Miconia cretacea Gleason
Miconia crocea (Desr.) Naudin
Miconia crocea (Desr.) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia crocea Desr.

Miconia cuneata Berg ex Triana
Miconia cuneata Berg ex Triana
Synonyms: Miconia cuneata Berg ex Triana in syn.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests, riversides. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2047* (US!), Schunke 5622 (US!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
Miconia cuspidata Mart. ex Naudin
Miconia cuspidata Mart. ex Naudin

Miconia cyanocarpa Naudin
Miconia cyanocarpa Naudin
Miconia cyanocarpa var.cyanocarpa

Miconia cyanocarpa var. cyanocarpa

Voucher: Weberbauer 1067* (US!), Smith & Preter 7650 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, Puno, San Martín,
Ucayali.
Miconia cyanocarpa var.hirsuta Cogn.
Miconia cyanocarpa var. hirsuta Cogn.
Miconia dasyclada Wurdack
Miconia dasyclada Wurdack

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Dudley 11829* (US!), Madison 10097-70 (US!)
Miconia decurrens Cogn.
Miconia decurrens Cogn.

Voucher: Ducke 7603* (US!), Schunke 5904 (US!)
Miconia demissifolia Wurdack
Miconia demissifolia Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II-III: forests. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Madison 10168* (US!), Smith 8085 (US!)
Miconia densifolia Cogn.
Miconia densifolia Cogn.

Voucher: Weberbauer 3404* (MOL!, US!), Hutchison & Wright 5064 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, La Libertad, Lambayeque, Piura.
Miconia denticulata Naudin
Miconia denticulata Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia denticulata Cogn.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad, Piura.
Miconia diaphanea Gleason
Miconia diaphanea Gleason
Miconia dichrophylla J.F. Macbr.
Miconia dichrophylla J.F. Macbr. = Miconia elaeagnoides Cogn.
$
Miconia dielsii Markgr.
Miconia dielsii Markgr.

Voucher: Smith & Vásquez 4610 (US!)
Miconia dipsacea Naudin
Miconia dipsacea Naudin

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: forests, riversides. 500-3000 m.
Voucher: Mathews 1722* (US!), Killip & Smith 22411 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, Pasco.
Miconia dispar Benth.
Miconia dispar Benth.

Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Schunke A121 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios.
Miconia divisoriana Wurdack
Miconia divisoriana Wurdack

Voucher: Ferreyra 1669* (US!), Boeke & Ramírez 1280 (MO!)
Departments: San Martín, Ucayali.
$
Miconia dodecandra (Desr. ex Lam.) Cogn.
Miconia dodecandra (Desr. ex Lam.) Cogn.
Synonyms: Miconia dodecandra Desr. ex Lam.

Voucher: Hutchison et al. 5994 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Puno, San Martín.
Miconia dolichorrhyncha Naudin
Miconia dolichorrhyncha Naudin

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Mathews 1291* (US!), Vásquez 3896 (US!)
Departments: Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Miconia donaeana Naudin
Miconia donaeana Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia donaeana D. Don

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Smith et al. 5437 (US!)
Miconia duckei Cogn.
Miconia duckei Cogn.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ducke 7586* (US!), Rimachi 7103 (US!)
$
Miconia dudleyi Wurdack
Miconia dudleyi Wurdack

Voucher: Dudley 11489* (US!), Killip & Smith 25891 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Pasco.
Miconia dumetosa Cogn.
Miconia dumetosa Cogn.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4389* (MOL!, US!), Wurdack 1433 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, San Martín.
Miconia egensis Cogn.
Miconia egensis Cogn.

Voucher: Ayala 2710 (US!)
Miconia egregia Wurdack
Miconia egregia Wurdack

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Sandeman 4086* (K), Díaz & Baldeon 2881 (MO!)
Miconia elaeagnoides Cogn.
Miconia elaeagnoides Cogn.
Synonyms: Miconia elaeagnoides J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Macbride 5495* (US!), Foster 9333 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco,
Miconia elata (Sw.) DC.
Miconia elata (Sw.) DC.
Synonyms: Miconia elata Sw.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Belshaw 3472 (US!)
Miconia elongata Cogn.
Miconia elongata Cogn.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 14914 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Puno.
Miconia emarginata Ruiz & Pav.
Miconia emarginata Ruiz & Pav. = Graffenrieda emarginata (Ruiz & Pav.) Triana
Miconia emendata Wurdack
Miconia emendata Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 5238* (US!), Killip & Smith 25974 (US!)
Departments: Junín, Loreto, Pasco.
Miconia eriocalyx Cogn.
Miconia eriocalyx Cogn.

Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Miconia erioclada Triana
Miconia erioclada Triana

Ecology: Native herb, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000
m.
Voucher: Barbour 4398 (US!)
Pasco, San Martín.
Miconia erioneura Cogn.
Miconia erioneura Cogn. = Tococa erioneura (Cogn.) Wurdack

$
Miconia eugenioides Triana
Miconia eugenioides Triana
Synonyms: Miconia eugenioides (Triana) Cogn.

Miconia expansa Gleason
Miconia expansa Gleason

Ecology: Endemic liana, tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m.
Voucher: Klug 3201* (US!)
Miconia falcata Cogn.
Miconia falcata Cogn.

Ecology: Endemic Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4998 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Miconia fallax DC.
Miconia fallax DC.

$
Miconia ferreyrae Wurdack
Miconia ferreyrae Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 4297* (US!), Allard 22073 (US!)
Miconia filamentosa Gleason
Miconia filamentosa Gleason

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: seasonally inundated areas. 0-
3000 m.
Voucher: Klug 938* (US!), Plowman et al. 6875 (US!)
Departments: La Libertad, Loreto, Piura.
Miconia firma J.F. Macbr.
Miconia firma J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Native tree. .
Voucher: Weberbauer 6389* (US!)
Miconia flaccida Gleason
Miconia flaccida Gleason

Voucher: Killip & Smith 25625* (US!), Dudley 11843 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, Ucayali.
Miconia flaviflora Gleason
Miconia flaviflora Gleason = Miconia nutans Donn. Sm.
Miconia floccosa Cogn.
Miconia floccosa Cogn.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: grasslands. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2200* (MOL!, US!), Smith 2786 (US!)
Miconia floribunda (Bonpl.) DC.
Miconia floribunda (Bonpl.) DC.
Synonyms: Miconia floribunda Bonpl.

Voucher: Wurdack 1057 (US!)
Miconia fosteri Wurdack
Miconia fosteri Wurdack

Voucher: Schunke 10059 (MO!, USM!)
$
Miconia fruticulosa Cogn.
Miconia fruticulosa Cogn.

Ecology: Endemic Andean II: forests. 3000-3500 m.
Miconia fulva (L.C. Rich. ex Humb. & Bonpl.) DC.
Miconia fulva (L.C. Rich. ex Humb. & Bonpl.) DC. = Miconia chrysophylla (Rich.)
Urb.
Miconia galactantha Naudin
Miconia galactantha Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia galactantha D. Don, Miconia galactantha Pav. ex D. Don, Miconia

galactantha Pavon ex Triana
Voucher: Smith et al. 7869 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, San Martín.
Miconia glaberrima (Schlecht.) Naudin
Miconia glaberrima (Schlecht.) Naudin
Miconia glaberrima var.australis J.F. Macbr.

Miconia glaberrima var. australis J.F. Macbr.

Note: See Wurdack (1972b) for a discussion of this species.
Miconia glandulifera Cogn.
Miconia glandulifera Cogn.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Mathews 1728* , Ferreyra 1623 (USM!)
Miconia glaucescens Triana
Miconia glaucescens Triana

Voucher: Lechler 2402* (US!), Wachter 5 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, Puno.
Miconia glomerata Triana
Miconia glomerata Triana

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Killip & Smith 25934 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco.
$
Miconia glutinosa Cogn.
Miconia glutinosa Cogn.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Puno.
Miconia grandifolia Ule
Miconia grandifolia Ule

Voucher: Ule 6207* (US!), McDaniel 16259 (US!)
Miconia granulosa (Bonpl.) Naudin
Miconia granulosa (Bonpl.) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia granulosa Bonpl.

Miconia grayana Cogn.
Miconia grayana Cogn.

$
Miconia griffisii J.F. Macbr.
Miconia griffisii J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Macbride 4382* (US!)
Miconia grisea Cogn.
Miconia grisea Cogn.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2376* (US!), Weberbauer 3346 (MOL!)
Miconia guianensis (Aubl.) Cogn.
Miconia guianensis (Aubl.) Cogn.
Synonyms: Miconia guianensis Aubl.

Miconia hamata Cogn.
Miconia hamata Cogn.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4447* (MOL!, US!), Barbour 2745 (MO!)
$
Miconia herrerae Gleason
Miconia herrerae Gleason

Voucher: Herrera 1575* (US!), Vargas 18339 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno.
Miconia heteromera Naudin
Miconia heteromera Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia heteromera J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Poeppig 1911* (US!), Foster 9319 (US!)
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín.
Miconia hexapetala Wurdack
Miconia hexapetala Wurdack

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Schunke 11432* (MO!), Smith & Vera 375 (US!)
Miconia hispidissima (DC.) Naudin
Miconia hispidissima (DC.) Naudin = Miconia sanguinea (Don,D.) Triana
Miconia histothrix Wurdack

Miconia histothrix Wurdack

Voucher: Schunke 7553* (US!)
Miconia holosericea (L.) DC.
Miconia holosericea (L.) DC.
Synonyms: Miconia holosericea (Desr.) Naudin, Miconia holosericea Desr., Miconia

holosericea L.
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 325; Wurdack, pers. comm..
Miconia hookeriana Triana
Miconia hookeriana Triana

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 2019 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Ucayali.
Miconia hospitalis Wurdack
Miconia hospitalis Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Schunke A120* (US!), Dudley 11853 (NA)
$
Miconia huanucensis Wurdack
Miconia huanucensis Wurdack

Voucher: Asplund 13173* (S)
Miconia hutchisonii Wurdack
Miconia hutchisonii Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: riversides. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 6638* (US!, USM!), Sagástegui & Cabanillas 8581
(US!)
Departments: Piura.
Miconia hygrophila Naudin
Miconia hygrophila Naudin

Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Junín.
Miconia ibaguensis (Bonpl.) Triana
Miconia ibaguensis (Bonpl.) Triana
Synonyms: Miconia ibaguensis Bonpl.

Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco,
Puno, San Martín.
Miconia icosandra Gleason
Miconia icosandra Gleason

Voucher: Killip & Smith 25781* (US!), Wolfe 12410 (US!)
Miconia idroboi Wurdack
Miconia idroboi Wurdack

Ecology: Native tree. Andean I: riversides. 500-1500 m.
Voucher: Ancuash 8 (US!)
Miconia impetiolaris (Sw.) D. Don
Miconia impetiolaris (Sw.) D. Don
Synonyms: Miconia impetiolaris Sw.

Miconia inamoena Pilg.
Miconia inamoena Pilg.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Ule 6735* (US!)
Miconia incarum J.F. Macbr.
Miconia incarum J.F. Macbr. = Meriania radula (Benth.) Triana
Miconia integrifolia Cogn.
Miconia integrifolia Cogn.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!)
Miconia juruensis Pilg.
Miconia juruensis Pilg.

Voucher: Tessmann 4218* (US!), McDaniel 16319 (US!, USM!)
Miconia klugii Gleason
Miconia klugii Gleason

Voucher: Klug 1141* (US!), Vásquez & Arevalo s.n. (US!)
$
Miconia koepckeana Wurdack
Miconia koepckeana Wurdack

Voucher: Dudley 13143* (US!), Wolfe 12413 (US!)
Miconia lacera (Bonpl.) Naudin
Miconia lacera (Bonpl.) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia lacera Bonpl.

Miconia lachnoclada Wurdack
Miconia lachnoclada Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Madison 10378* (US!), Ellenberg 7053 (US!)
Miconia laciniata Wurdack
Miconia laciniata Wurdack

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui et al. 12994 (HUT, US)
Miconia laevigata (L.) DC.
Miconia laevigata (L.) DC.
Miconia lambayequensis J.J. Wurdack
Miconia lambayequensis J.J. Wurdack

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Llatas 1976 (F)
Departments: Lambayeque.
Miconia lamprophylla Triana
Miconia lamprophylla Triana

Martín, Tumbes.
Miconia lanata Triana
Miconia lanata Triana
Miconia lasiocalyx Cogn.

Miconia lasiocalyx Cogn.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Davison & Jones 9226 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Piura.
Miconia lasiostyla Gleason
Miconia lasiostyla Gleason

Voucher: Swada 77* (US!), Evinger 470 (US!)
Miconia lateriflora Cogn.
Miconia lateriflora Cogn.
Synonyms: Miconia lateriflora Markgr.
Miconia latifolia (D. Don) Naudin
Miconia latifolia (D. Don) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia latifolia (Naudin) Naudin, Miconia latifolia D. Don, Miconia

latifolia Naudin
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-III: forests, grasslands. 0-4500
m.
Voucher: Tessmann 3418* (US!), Ferreyra 17260 (US!)
Departments: Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Huánuco,
Junín, Loreto, Ucayali.
$
Miconia laurina (D. Don) Naudin
Miconia laurina (D. Don) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia laurina D. Don

Ecology: shrub. .
Voucher: Sawada P.16
Miconia lechleri Triana
Miconia lechleri Triana

Voucher: Lechler 2565* (US!)
Departments: Puno.
Miconia lepidota Schrank & Mart. ex DC.
Miconia lepidota Schrank & Mart. ex DC.
Synonyms: Miconia lepidota Schrank & Mart. ex DC. in syn.

Miconia lilacina Triana
Miconia lilacina Triana

Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (US!)
$
Miconia livida Triana
Miconia livida Triana

Voucher: Schunke 11894 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, San Martín.
Miconia longifolia (Aubl.) DC.
Miconia longifolia (Aubl.) DC.
Synonyms: Miconia longifolia Aubl.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Miconia longiracemosa Gleason
Miconia longiracemosa Gleason

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Williams 4249*
Miconia longisepala Gleason
Miconia longisepala Gleason

$
Miconia loretensis Pilg.
Miconia loretensis Pilg.

Voucher: Ule 6734* (US!), Rimachi 4096 (US!)
Miconia loreyoides Triana
Miconia loreyoides Triana

Departments: Cuzco.
Miconia lourteigiana Wurdack
Miconia lourteigiana Wurdack

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 1919* (US!), Dudley 11751 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.
Miconia loxensis (Bonpl.) DC.
Miconia loxensis (Bonpl.) DC.
Synonyms: Miconia loxensis Bonpl.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: López et al. 7715 (US!)
Departments: Piura.
Miconia lugubris Cogn.
Miconia lugubris Cogn.

Ecology. 1500-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3394* (MOL!, US!), Asplund s.n. (US!)
Miconia lutescens (Bonpland) DC.
Miconia lutescens (Bonpland) DC.
Miconia lutescens subsp.piurensis Wurdack
Miconia lutescens subsp. piurensis Wurdack

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Ochoa 1753* (NY), Ochoa 1790 (NY)
Departments: Piura.
Miconia macbridei Gleason
Miconia macbridei Gleason = Miconia retusa Pilg.
Miconia macdanielii Wurdack

Miconia macdanielii Wurdack = Miconia astroplocama Donn. Sm.
Reference: Wurdack, J. J., 1971: 119; Wurdack, J. J., 1980: 155.
Miconia macrophylla (D. Don) Cogn.
Miconia macrophylla (D. Don) Cogn. = Miconia serrulata (DC.) Naudin
Miconia macrostoma Naudin
Miconia macrostoma Naudin = Miconia nitida (D. Don) Naudin
Miconia macrothyrsa Benth.
Miconia macrothyrsa Benth.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: savannas. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Chrostowski 70-126 (US!)
Miconia madisonii Wurdack
Miconia madisonii Wurdack

Voucher: Madison 10295* (US!)
$
Miconia malatestae J.F. Macbr.
Miconia malatestae J.F. Macbr.

Miconia martiniana Gleason
Miconia martiniana Gleason

Voucher: Williams 7212* (US!), Schunke 3491 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco,
Miconia martiusiana DC.
Miconia martiusiana DC.

Miconia matthaei Naudin
Miconia matthaei Naudin

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: cloud forests. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Mathews 1299* (US!), Foster 8546 (MO!, USM!)
de Dios, Pasco, San Martín, Ucayali.
$
Miconia mazanana J.F. Macbr.
Miconia mazanana J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 374* (US!), Revilla 2195 (US!)
Miconia media (D. Don) Naudin
Miconia media (D. Don) Naudin
Miconia media subsp.borealis Wurdack
Miconia media subsp. borealis Wurdack

Voucher: Wurdack 1265* (US!, USM!), Ferreyra & Acleto 15291 (US!)
Miconia media subsp.cajamarcensis Wurdack
Miconia media subsp. cajamarcensis Wurdack

Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5028* (US!), Sánchez 1501 (US!)
Miconia media subsp.media

Miconia media subsp. media
Synonyms: Miconia media media (DC.) Naudin, Miconia media media D. Don, Miconia
media media DC.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Hutchison & Wright 5728 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, La Libertad,
Pasco, Puno.
Miconia megaphylla Gleason
Miconia megaphylla Gleason = Miconia ampla Triana
Miconia membranacea Triana
Miconia membranacea Triana

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Foster 9192 (US!, USM!)
Miconia microcarpa DC.
Miconia microcarpa DC. = Miconia affinis DC.
Miconia micropetala Cogn.
Miconia micropetala Cogn.

Synonyms: Miconia micropetala Cogn.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-3000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Pasco, Puno.
Miconia miles-morgani J.F. Macbr.
Miconia miles-morgani J.F. Macbr.

Miconia minutiflora (Bonpl.) DC.
Miconia minutiflora (Bonpl.) DC.
Synonyms: Miconia minutiflora Bonpl.

Martín.
Miconia modica J.F. Macbr.
Miconia modica J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic Andean I-II: dry valleys. 1000-2000 m.
$
Miconia molinopampa Wurdack
Miconia molinopampa Wurdack

Voucher: Wurdack 1389A* (US!), Wurdack 1428 (US!)
Miconia mollis Triana
Miconia mollis Triana

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4177* (US!), Gentry & Smith 45564 (US!)
Miconia monzoniensis Cogn.
Miconia monzoniensis Cogn.
Miconia monzoniensis subsp.cuzcoensis Wurdack
Miconia monzoniensis subsp. cuzcoensis Wurdack

Voucher: Madison 10147* (NA photo US!), Dudley 10694 (US!, USM!)
Miconia monzoniensis var.monzoniensis
Miconia monzoniensis var. monzoniensis

Synonyms: Miconia monzoniensis monzoniensis Gleason
Voucher: Weberbauer 3420* (MOL!, US!), Young & Sullivan 580 (US!)
Miconia mucronata (Desr.) Naudin
Miconia mucronata (Desr.) Naudin = Miconia holosericea (L.) DC.
Miconia multispicata Naudin
Miconia multispicata Naudin

Ecology: Native treelet. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Knapp & Mallet 8505 (US!)
Miconia muricata (Don,D.) Triana
Miconia muricata (Don,D.) Triana
Synonyms: Miconia muricata D. Don

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US), Schunke 9747 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
Miconia myriantha Benth.
Miconia myriantha Benth.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 0-
500 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
Miconia myrtiformis Naudin
Miconia myrtiformis Naudin = Miconia calophylla (D. Don) Triana
Miconia napoana Wurdack
Miconia napoana Wurdack

Voucher: Gentry & Díaz 28257 (US!)
Miconia nectaria J.F. Macbr.
Miconia nectaria J.F. Macbr. = Miconia spennerostachya Naudin
Miconia neriifolia Triana
Miconia neriifolia Triana
Miconia neriifolia var.brevifolia Cogn.

Miconia neriifolia var. brevifolia Cogn.
Miconia neriifolia var.neriifolia
Miconia neriifolia var. neriifolia

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: grasslands. 2000-3000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco, Piura.
Miconia nervifolia Triana
Miconia nervifolia Triana = ?
Miconia nervosa (Smith) Triana
Miconia nervosa (Smith) Triana
Miconia nervosa var. mediana J.F. Macbr.
Miconia nervosa var. mediana J.F. Macbr. = Miconia nervosa var. nervosa
Miconia nervosa var.nervosa
Miconia nervosa var. nervosa
Synonyms: Miconia nervosa nervosa Smith, Miconia nervosa var. nervosa J.F. Macbr.
Voucher: Knapp 8260 (US!)
Miconia nigricans Cogn.
Miconia nigricans Cogn.

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4392* (US!), Wurdack 1261 (US!, USM!)
Miconia nitida (D. Don) Naudin
Miconia nitida (D. Don) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia nitida D. Don, Miconia nitida Naudin

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!)
Miconia nobilis Gleason
Miconia nobilis Gleason

Voucher: Killip & Smith 26006* (US!)
Miconia nutans Donn. Sm.
Miconia nutans Donn. Sm.

Synonyms: Miconia nutans Gleason
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 500-2000 m.
Miconia obscura (Bonpl.) Naudin
Miconia obscura (Bonpl.) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia obscura (Bonpl.) DC., Miconia obscura Bonpl., Miconia obscura
J.F. Macbr.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: forests, shrublands. 1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 34 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Loreto.
Miconia opacifolia J.F. Macbr.
Miconia opacifolia J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Macbride 5197* (US!), Rimachi 4925 (US!, USM!)
Miconia ottikeri J.F. Macbr.
Miconia ottikeri J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Miconia pachydonta Gleason

Miconia pachydonta Gleason

Voucher: Klug 2143* (US!), Klug 2223 (US!)
Miconia paeminosa Wurdack
Miconia paeminosa Wurdack

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: cloud forests. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Dudley 13185* (US!), White 12367 (US!)
Miconia paleacea Cogn.
Miconia paleacea Cogn.
Synonyms: Miconia paleacea Standl.

Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San
Martín.
Miconia paludigena Wurdack
Miconia paludigena Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean III: forests. 3500-4000 m.
$
Miconia pandurata Triana
Miconia pandurata Triana

Voucher: Spruce s.n.* (US!)
Miconia papillosa (Desr.) Naudin
Miconia papillosa (Desr.) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia papillosa Desr.

Miconia paradisica Wurdack
Miconia paradisica Wurdack

Miconia parviflora (Bentham) Cogn.
Miconia parviflora (Bentham) Cogn. = Miconia pubipetala Miq.
Miconia pauciglandulosa Naudin

Miconia pauciglandulosa Naudin

Voucher: Poeppig 1780* (W)
Miconia pavoniana Naudin
Miconia pavoniana Naudin

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Asplund s.n. (US!)
Departments: Huánuco, Huancavelica, Pasco.
Miconia pedicellata Cogn.
Miconia pedicellata Cogn.

Voucher: Spruce 4342* (US!), Woytkowski 8231 (US!)
Miconia persicariaefolia Cogn.
Miconia persicariaefolia Cogn.
Miconia peruviana Cogn.
Miconia peruviana Cogn.

Voucher: Lechler 2060* (US!), Vargas 6872 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Junín, Puno.
Miconia phaeophylla Triana
Miconia phaeophylla Triana

Voucher: Spruce 4861* (US!), Vásquez et al. 7701 (US!)
Miconia phanerostila Pilg.
Miconia phanerostila Pilg.
Miconia phlebodes Wurdack
Miconia phlebodes Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Miconia pileata DC.
Miconia pileata DC.
Synonyms: Miconia pileata Schrank & Mart. ex DC. in syn.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 500-2500 m.
Voucher: Rimachi 4737 (US!, USM!)
$
Miconia pilgeriana Ule
Miconia pilgeriana Ule

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, seasonally
Voucher: Tessmann 5062* (US!), Smith 3160 (US!)
Miconia plumifera Triana
Miconia plumifera Triana
Miconia poeppigii Triana
Miconia poeppigii Triana
Synonyms: Miconia poeppigii Cogn.

Voucher: Poeppig 1914* (US!), Schunke 11782 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín.
Miconia polychaeta Wurdack
Miconia polychaeta Wurdack

Voucher: Dudley 10430* (US!), Madison 10112-70 (US!)
$
Miconia polyneura Triana
Miconia polyneura Triana

Miconia polytopica subsp.ayacuchensis Wurdack
Miconia polytopica subsp. ayacuchensis Wurdack

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Madison 10296 (US!)
Miconia polytopica subsp.huanucensis Wurdack
Miconia polytopica subsp. huanucensis Wurdack

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Dudley 13521* (US!), Wolfe 12431 (US)
Miconia polytopica subsp.polytopica
Miconia polytopica subsp. polytopica

Departments: Cuzco.
$
Miconia polytopica Wurdack
Miconia polytopica Wurdack
Miconia prancei Wurdack
Miconia prancei Wurdack

Voucher: Spichiger et al. 3002 (US!)
Miconia prasina (Sw.) DC.
Miconia prasina (Sw.) DC.
Synonyms: Miconia prasina Benth., Miconia prasina Sw.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 441; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 431; Wurdack, pers. comm..
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno, San Martín.
Miconia procumbens (Gleason) Wurdack
Miconia procumbens (Gleason) Wurdack
Synonyms: Miconia procumbens Gleason

Pasco, San Martín.
Miconia pseudocentrophora Cogn.

Miconia pseudocentrophora Cogn.

Note: Not reconfirmed. Probably not from Peru (Wurdack, pers. comm.).
Miconia pterocaulon Triana
Miconia pterocaulon Triana

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: forests on white sand. 500-1000 m.
Miconia pterogona Gleason
Miconia pterogona Gleason = Miconia monzoniensis var. monzoniensis
Miconia pteropoda Benth.
Miconia pteropoda Benth. = Miconia prasina (Sw.) DC.
Miconia puberula Cogn.
Miconia puberula Cogn.

Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (US!), Schunke 5890 (US!)
$
Miconia pubipetala Miq.
Miconia pubipetala Miq.
Synonyms: Miconia pubipetala (Bentham) Cogn., Miconia pubipetala Benth.

Miconia pujana Markgr.
Miconia pujana Markgr.

Voucher: Berlin 240 (US!)
Miconia pulgari J.F. Macbr.
Miconia pulgari J.F. Macbr.

Miconia pulverulenta DC.
Miconia pulverulenta DC. = Miconia tiri Triana
$
Miconia pulverulenta Ruiz & Pav.
Miconia pulverulenta Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Miconia pulverulenta (R. & P.) D. Don ex Triana, Miconia pulverulenta
J.F. Macbr.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Young 1539 (US!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, San Martín.
Miconia punctata (Desr.) D. Don ex DC.
Miconia punctata (Desr.) D. Don ex DC.
Synonyms: Miconia punctata Desr.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Foster 8562 (F!, USM!), Foster 8562 (F, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Martín.
Miconia punicea Wurdack
Miconia punicea Wurdack

Voucher: Dudley 10663 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Miconia pyrifolia Naudin
Miconia pyrifolia Naudin

Voucher: Vásquez et al. 251 (US!)
Miconia quadrifolia Naudin
Miconia quadrifolia Naudin

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Mathews 1724* (US!), Weberbauer 2318 (US!)
Miconia quadripora Wurdack
Miconia quadripora Wurdack

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Tillett 673-165 (US!)
Miconia radula Cogn.
Miconia radula Cogn.
Synonyms: Miconia radula J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, Piura.
Miconia radulaefolia (Benth.) Naudin
Miconia radulaefolia (Benth.) Naudin

Synonyms: Miconia radulaefolia Benth.
Voucher: Revilla 75 (US!)
Miconia ramosipila J.F. Macbr.
Miconia ramosipila J.F. Macbr. = Miconia pulverulenta Ruiz & Pav.
Miconia reflexipila Wurdack
Miconia reflexipila Wurdack

Voucher: Dudley 13244* (US!), Killip & Smith 25908 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco.
Miconia regelii Cogn.
Miconia regelii Cogn.

Note: Not yet known from Peru, but surely to be expected (Wurdack, pers. comm.).
Miconia retusa Pilg.
Miconia retusa Pilg.
Synonyms: Miconia retusa Gleason

Miconia rimachii Wurdack
Miconia rimachii Wurdack

Voucher: Rimachi 6604* (US!), Vásquez & Jaramillo 1032 (US!)
Miconia riparia Triana
Miconia riparia Triana

Voucher: Spruce 4559* (US!), Wasshausen & Encarnación 1061 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, San Martín.
Miconia rivalis Wurdack
Miconia rivalis Wurdack

Ecology: Native treelet. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Foster et al. 7861 (US!)
Departments: Pasco.
Miconia rotundifolia (D. Don) Naudin
Miconia rotundifolia (D. Don) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia rotundifolia D. Don

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: forests. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Wurdack 1199 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco.
Miconia rubens (Swartz) Naudin
Miconia rubens (Swartz) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia rubens Sw.

Miconia rubiginosa (Bonpl.) DC.
Miconia rubiginosa (Bonpl.) DC.
Synonyms: Miconia rubiginosa Bonpl.

Miconia rufescens (Aubl.) DC.
Miconia rufescens (Aubl.) DC.
Synonyms: Miconia rufescens Aubl.

Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, San Martín.
Miconia rufiramea Wurdack
Miconia rufiramea Wurdack

Departments: Cuzco.
Miconia rugifolia Triana
Miconia rugifolia Triana

Voucher: Lechler 2196* (US!), Dudley 10705 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Puno.
Miconia rugosa Triana
Miconia rugosa Triana

Voucher: Gentry et al. 31625 (US!, USM!)
Miconia ruizii Naudin
Miconia ruizii Naudin

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Soukup 2410 (US!)
Departments: Junín, Lima, Piura, Ucayali.
Miconia russea Wurdack

Miconia russea Wurdack

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Smith 5989 (MO!, US!)
Miconia salicifolia (Bonpl. ex Naud.) Naudin
Miconia salicifolia (Bonpl. ex Naud.) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia salicifolia Bonpl. ex Naud., Miconia salicifolia Pav. ex Triana

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: forests. 2000-4500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Junín, La Libertad.
Miconia saltuensis Wurdack
Miconia saltuensis Wurdack

Voucher: Hutchison et al. 5935* (US), Asplund 13090 (US!)
Miconia sanguinea (Don,D.) Triana
Miconia sanguinea (Don,D.) Triana
Synonyms: Miconia sanguinea (DC.) Naudin, Miconia sanguinea D. Don, Miconia

sanguinea DC.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (US!), Vargas 9813 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San
Martín, Ucayali.
$
Miconia saxatilis J.F. Macbr.
Miconia saxatilis J.F. Macbr.

Miconia scandens Ruiz & Pav.
Miconia scandens Ruiz & Pav. = Adelobotrys adscendens (Sw.) Triana
Miconia schunkei Wurdack
Miconia schunkei Wurdack

Voucher: Schunke 5756* (US!), Schunke 5705 (US!)
Miconia sclerophylla Triana
Miconia sclerophylla Triana

Miconia scorpioides (Schltr. & Cham.) Naudin
Miconia scorpioides (Schltr. & Cham.) Naudin = Miconia trinervia (Sw.) D. Don ex
Loud.
Miconia secundifolia Cogn.
Miconia secundifolia Cogn.
Miconia secundifolia subsp.malcabalensis Wurdack
Miconia secundifolia subsp. malcabalensis Wurdack

Miconia secundifolia subsp.secundifolia
Miconia secundifolia subsp. secundifolia

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Miconia semisterilis Gleason
Miconia semisterilis Gleason

Voucher: Klug 3224*# (US!), Huashikat 409 (US!)
$
Miconia semota Markgr.
Miconia semota Markgr. = Miconia carassana Cogn.
Miconia serialis DC.
Miconia serialis DC.

Miconia serrulata (DC.) Naudin
Miconia serrulata (DC.) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia serrulata (D. Don) Cogn., Miconia serrulata D. Don, Miconia
serrulata DC.
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Foster et al. 7866 (US!)
Puno, San Martín.
Miconia serrulata Pavon ex Triana
Miconia serrulata Pavon ex Triana = Miconia galactantha Naudin
Miconia setinervia Cogn.

Miconia setinervia Cogn. = Miconia micropetala Cogn.
Miconia setulosa Cogn.
Miconia setulosa Cogn.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II-III: forests. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Lechler 2637* (US!), Peyton et al. 1336 (US!)
Miconia spennerostachya Naudin
Miconia spennerostachya Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia spennerostachya J.F. Macbr., Miconia spennerostachya J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Native tree, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San
Martín.
Miconia sphagnophila J.F. Macbr.
Miconia sphagnophila J.F. Macbr. = Miconia radula Cogn.
Miconia spichigera Wurdack
Miconia spichigera Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Spichiger et al. 2000* (US!), Spichiger et al. 1614 (US!)
Miconia splendens (Sw.) Griseb.
Miconia splendens (Sw.) Griseb.
Synonyms: Miconia splendens Sw.

Puno, San Martín.
Miconia stelligera Cogn.
Miconia stelligera Cogn.
Synonyms: Miconia stelligera Gleason

Voucher: Plowman 5855 (US!)
Miconia stellipilis Cogn.
Miconia stellipilis Cogn.

Miconia stenostachya Schrank & Mart. ex DC.

Miconia stenostachya Schrank & Mart. ex DC.
Synonyms: Miconia stenostachya Schrank & Mart. ex DC.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 1000-2500 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, Pasco, Puno, San Martín.
Miconia subandicola Wurdack
Miconia subandicola Wurdack

Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín,
Ucayali.
Miconia subciliata DC.
Miconia subciliata DC. = Tococa subciliata (DC.) Triana
Miconia subglabra Cogn.
Miconia subglabra Cogn.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4842* (US!)
Miconia subspicata Wurdack
Miconia subspicata Wurdack

Voucher: Huashikat 571 (US!)
Miconia subulipetala Wurdack
Miconia subulipetala Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Rimachi 3421* (US!)
Miconia sulcata J.F. Macbr.
Miconia sulcata J.F. Macbr.
Miconia symplectocaulos Pilg.
Miconia symplectocaulos Pilg.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000
m.
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Martín.
Miconia tenensis Markgr.
Miconia tenensis Markgr.

Voucher: Knapp 8052 (US!)
Miconia terborghii Wurdack
Miconia terborghii Wurdack

Departments: Cuzco.
Miconia terera Naudin
Miconia terera Naudin

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* , Foster & Smith 9159 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, Puno.
Miconia ternatifolia Triana
Miconia ternatifolia Triana

Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests.
0-2000 m.
de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
Miconia tessmannii Markgr.
Miconia tessmannii Markgr. = Miconia latifolia (D. Don) Naudin

Miconia tetragona Cogn.
Miconia tetragona Cogn.
Miconia tetrasperma Gleason
Miconia tetrasperma Gleason

Voucher: Gentry et al. 21202 (US!)
Miconia thaminantha subsp.huanucensis Wurdack
Miconia thaminantha subsp. huanucensis Wurdack

Miconia thaminantha subsp.thaminantha
Miconia thaminantha subsp. thaminantha

Departments: Cuzco.
$
Miconia thaminantha Wurdack
Miconia thaminantha Wurdack
Miconia theaezans (Bonpl.) Cogn.
Miconia theaezans (Bonpl.) Cogn.
Miconia theaezans subsp.theaezans
Miconia theaezans subsp. theaezans
Synonyms: Miconia theaezans theaezans Bonpl.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: forests. 500-3500 m.
Voucher: Madison 10232-70 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, Puno,
San Martín.
Miconia theaezans var.tetragona Cogn.
Miconia theaezans var. tetragona Cogn.
Miconia thyrsiflora (D. Don) Naudin
Miconia thyrsiflora (D. Don) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia thyrsiflora D. Don, Miconia thyrsiflora Triana

$
Miconia thyrsiflora Triana
Miconia thyrsiflora Triana = Miconia thyrsiflora (D. Don) Naudin
Miconia thyrsoidea (D. Don) Naudin
Miconia thyrsoidea (D. Don) Naudin

Miconia thysanophylla Wurdack
Miconia thysanophylla Wurdack

Voucher: Kayap 1414* (US!), Kayap 860 (US!)
Miconia tiliaefolia Naudin
Miconia tiliaefolia Naudin

Voucher: Scott 882 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Loreto.
Miconia tinctoria (DC.) Naudin
Miconia tinctoria (DC.) Naudin = Miconia media subsp. media

Miconia tiri Triana
Miconia tiri Triana
Synonyms: Miconia tiri DC.

Voucher: Weberbauer 1777 (US!), Woytkowski 7998 (US!)
Miconia tomentosa (Rich.) D. Don ex DC.
Miconia tomentosa (Rich.) D. Don ex DC.
Synonyms: Miconia tomentosa (Crueg.) Cogn., Miconia tomentosa Cogn., Miconia

tomentosa Crueg., Miconia tomentosa Rich.
Voucher: Plowman & Davis 5091 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.
Miconia traillii Cogn.
Miconia traillii Cogn.

Miconia triangularis Gleason
Miconia triangularis Gleason

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Gentry & Smith 45130 (US!)
Miconia trichocaula J.F. Macbr.
Miconia trichocaula J.F. Macbr. = Miconia bullata (Turcz.) Triana
Miconia trichogona J.F. Macbr.
Miconia trichogona J.F. Macbr.

Miconia trichrona J.F. Macbr.
Miconia trichrona J.F. Macbr. = Miconia obscura (Bonpl.) Naudin
Miconia trinervia (Sw.) D. Don ex Loud.
Miconia trinervia (Sw.) D. Don ex Loud.
Synonyms: Miconia trinervia (Schltr. & Cham.) Naudin, Miconia trinervia Schltr. &
Cham., Miconia trinervia Sw.
Voucher: Ferreyra 4426 (US!)
Miconia triplinervis (Blake) Ruiz & Pav.
Miconia triplinervis (Blake) Ruiz & Pav.
Miconia triplinervis (Blake) Ruiz & Pav. subsp.triplinervis
Miconia triplinervis (Blake) Ruiz & Pav. subsp. triplinervis

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Schunke 1336 (US!)
de Dios, San Martín.
Miconia triplinervis subsp.exalluvia Wurdack
Miconia triplinervis subsp. exalluvia Wurdack

Voucher: Kujikat 333 (MO!)
Miconia umbrifera Naudin
Miconia umbrifera Naudin = ?
Miconia urbaniana Cogn.

Miconia urbaniana Cogn.

Voucher: Weberbauer 5012* (US!), Schunke 7596 (MO!)
Miconia uvida Wurdack
Miconia uvida Wurdack

Voucher: Wurdack 2153* (US), Wurdack 2437 (US!, USM!)
Miconia vaccinioides (Bonpl.) Naudin
Miconia vaccinioides (Bonpl.) Naudin
Synonyms: Miconia vaccinioides (Bonpl.) D. Don, Miconia vaccinioides Bonpl.

Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P), Weberbauer 3998 (US!)
Miconia vargasii Wurdack
Miconia vargasii Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 2942* (US!), Metcalf 30774 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Miconia venulosa Wurdack
Miconia venulosa Wurdack

Voucher: Wurdack 2044* (US!, USM!), Schunke 12020 (USM!)
Miconia vismioides Triana
Miconia vismioides Triana

Miconia vitiflora J.F. Macbr.
Miconia vitiflora J.F. Macbr.

Miconia vittata (Linden & Andre) Cogn.
Miconia vittata (Linden & Andre) Cogn.
Synonyms: Miconia vittata Linden & Andre, Miconia vittata Ule

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ule 6367 (US!), Klug 2873 (US!)
$
Miconia wagneri J.F. Macbr.
Miconia wagneri J.F. Macbr.

Miconia weberbaueri Cogn.
Miconia weberbaueri Cogn.

Voucher: Weberbauer 3396* (US!), Wolfe 12475 (US!)
Miconia wolfei Wurdack
Miconia wolfei Wurdack

Voucher: Wolfe 12429* (US!)
Miconia woytkowskii Wurdack
Miconia woytkowskii Wurdack

Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 34407* (US!), Foster 9313 (US!, USM!)
$
Miconia zubenetana J.F. Macbr.
Miconia zubenetana J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Micrandra elata Müll. Arg.
Micrandra elata Müll. Arg.
Reference: Schultes, R. E., 1979: 102.

Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 25400 (DAV)
Micrandra siphonioides Benth.
Micrandra siphonioides Benth.

Micrandra spruceana (Baill.) R.E. Schult.
Micrandra spruceana (Baill.) R.E. Schult.
Synonyms: Micrandra spruceana Baill.

$
Micranthella gayana Naudin
Micranthella gayana Naudin = Tibouchina gayana (Naud.) Cogn.
Micranthella stenopetala Griseb. ex Triana
Micranthella stenopetala Griseb. ex Triana = Tibouchina stenopetala (Griseb. ex

Triana) Cogn.
Micranthemum emarginatum Ell.
Micranthemum emarginatum Ell. = Micranthemum umbrosum (Walter) Blake
Micranthemum umbrosum (Walter) Blake
Micranthemum umbrosum (Walter) Blake
Synonyms: Micranthemum umbrosum Ell., Micranthemum umbrosum Michx., Micranthemum

umbrosum Walter, Micranthemum umbrosum Walter
Microbignonia auristellae Kranzlin
Microbignonia auristellae Kranzlin = Macfadyena unguis-cati (L.) A.H. Gentry
$
Microcala quadrangularis (Lam.) Griseb.
Microcala quadrangularis (Lam.) Griseb. = Cicendia quadrangularis (Lam.) Griseb.
Reference: FP 1342: 272; Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck, 1959: 438.
Microchilus bifalcis (Lindl.) D. Dietrich
Microchilus bifalcis (Lindl.) D. Dietrich = Erythrodes rosea (Lindl.) Ames
Note: NN
Microchilus foliosus (P. & E.) D. Dietrich
Microchilus foliosus (P. & E.) D. Dietrich = Erythrodes foliosa (Poeppig &
Endlicher) Ames
Microchilus major C. Presl
Microchilus major C. Presl = Erythrodes major (C. Presl) Ames
Microchilus minor C. Presl
Microchilus minor C. Presl = Erythrodes minor (C. Presl) Ames
$
Microchilus ovatus (Lindl.) D. Dietrich
Microchilus ovatus (Lindl.) D. Dietrich = Erythrodes ovata (Lindley) Ames
Microchilus querceticola (Lindl.) D. Dietrich
Microchilus querceticola (Lindl.) D. Dietrich = Erythrodes querceticola (Lindl.)

Ames
Microchilus repens (Poepp. & Endl.) D. Dietrich
Microchilus repens (Poepp. & Endl.) D. Dietrich = Erythrodes repens (Poeppig &
Endlicher) Ames
Microchloa indica (L. f.) P. Beauv.
Microchloa indica (L. f.) P. Beauv.
Synonyms: Microchloa indica L. f.

Note: The Flora of Peru uses the incorrect author citation "(L. f.) Kuntze".
Departments: Cajamarca, Lima.
Microchloa kunthii Desv.
Microchloa kunthii Desv.

Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco.
Microconomorpha jelskii (Mez) Lundell
Microconomorpha jelskii (Mez) Lundell = Cybianthus pastensis (Mez) G. Agostini
Reference: Lundell, C. L., 1977: 349.
Microconomorpha verticillata (C. Presl) Lundell
Microconomorpha verticillata (C. Presl) Lundell = Cybianthus pastensis (Mez) G.

Agostini
Microdonta nana Nutt.
Microdonta nana Nutt. = Heterosperma nanum (Nutt.) Sherff
Reference: Cabrera, A. L., 1978: 402.
Microlepia wercklei (H. Christ) K.U. Kramer
Microlepia wercklei (H. Christ) K.U. Kramer = ?
Microlicia arenariaefolia DC.

Microlicia arenariaefolia DC.

Microlicia peruviana Cogn.
Microlicia peruviana Cogn.

Microlicia sphagnicola Gleason
Microlicia sphagnicola Gleason

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: bogs. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25680* (US), van der Werff et al. 8363 (MO!)
Microlicia weddellii Naudin
Microlicia weddellii Naudin

Voucher: Weddell s.n.* (P)
Departments: Puno.
Micromeria boliviana Benth.
Micromeria boliviana Benth. = Satureja boliviana (Benth.) Briq.

Reference: FP 1287: 754; Epling, C. & C. Játiva, 1964: 411.
Micromeria gilliesii Benth.
Micromeria gilliesii Benth. = Satureja parvifolia (Philippi) Epling
Micromeria nubigena (Briq.) Benth.
Micromeria nubigena (Briq.) Benth. = Satureja nubigena (Kunth) Briq.
Reference: Epling, C. & C. Játiva, 1964: 410.
Micropholis apiculata Gilly
Micropholis apiculata Gilly = Micropholis guyanensis subsp. duckeana (Baehni) T.D.

Penn.
Micropholis brochidodroma T.D. Penn.
Micropholis brochidodroma T.D. Penn.

Voucher: Bernardi 16315* (G), Gentry et al. 26076 (AMAZ, MO!)
Micropholis calophylloides Pierre

Micropholis calophylloides Pierre = Micropholis venulosa (C. Martius & Eichler)
Pierre
Micropholis cylindrocarpa (Poepp.) Pierre
Micropholis cylindrocarpa (Poepp.) Pierre
Synonyms: Micropholis cylindrocarpa (Poepp.) Baehni, Micropholis cylindrocarpa

Baehni, Micropholis cylindrocarpa Poepp.
Voucher: Rimachi 2345 (AMAZ, MO!)
Micropholis egensis (A. DC.) Pierre
Micropholis egensis (A. DC.) Pierre
Synonyms: Micropholis egensis (Krause) Baehni, Micropholis egensis (Krause) Eyma,

Micropholis egensis A. DC., Micropholis egensis Krause, Micropholis egensis Standl.
ex L.O. Williams
Voucher: Ayala 706 (AMAZ, MO!)
Martín.
Micropholis guyanensis (A. DC.) Pierre
Micropholis guyanensis (A. DC.) Pierre
Micropholis guyanensis (A. DC.) Pierre subsp.guyanensis
Micropholis guyanensis (A. DC.) Pierre subsp. guyanensis

Synonyms: Micropholis guyanensis guyanensis (Baehni) Baehni ex Bernardi,
Micropholis guyanensis guyanensis A. DC., Micropholis guyanensis guyanensis Baehni
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1500 m.
Micropholis guyanensis subsp.duckeana (Baehni) T.D. Penn.
Micropholis guyanensis subsp. duckeana (Baehni) T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Micropholis guyanensis duckeana Baehni, Micropholis guyanensis duckeana

Gilly
Departments: Junín, Loreto.
Micropholis macrophylla (Krause) T.D. Penn.
Micropholis macrophylla (Krause) T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Micropholis macrophylla Baehni, Micropholis macrophylla Krause

Voucher: Ule 6793* (G, photo MO!)
Micropholis madeirensis (Baehni) Aubrév.
Micropholis madeirensis (Baehni) Aubrév.
Synonyms: Micropholis madeirensis Baehni

$
Micropholis melinoniana Pierre
Micropholis melinoniana Pierre

Micropholis mucronata Pierre
Micropholis mucronata Pierre = Micropholis venulosa (C. Martius & Eichler) Pierre
Micropholis obscura T.D. Penn.
Micropholis obscura T.D. Penn.

Voucher: Díaz & Jaramillo 1363 (K)
Micropholis porphytocarpa (Baehni) Monach.
Micropholis porphytocarpa (Baehni) Monach.
Synonyms: Micropholis porphytocarpa Baehni

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Micropholis sanctae-rosae (Baehni) T.D. Penn.

Micropholis sanctae-rosae (Baehni) T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Micropholis sanctae-rosae Baehni

Voucher: Killip & Smith 28799* (F), Killip & Smith 28094 (F)
Micropholis trunciflora Ducke
Micropholis trunciflora Ducke
Synonyms: Micropholis trunciflora Baehni

Voucher: Klug 130* (F), Solomon 3582 (MO!)
Micropholis ulei (Krause) Eyma
Micropholis ulei (Krause) Eyma = Micropholis egensis (A. DC.) Pierre
Micropholis venulosa (C. Martius & Eichler) Pierre
Micropholis venulosa (C. Martius & Eichler) Pierre
Synonyms: Micropholis venulosa (C. Martius & Eichler) Baehni, Micropholis venulosa
(C. Martius & Eichler) Baehni, Micropholis venulosa Baehni, Micropholis venulosa
Baehni, Micropholis venulosa Baill., Micropholis venulosa C. Martius & Eichler,
Micropholis venulosa Pierre, Micropholis venulosa Pierre
Martín.
$
Microphysca quadrialata Naudin
Microphysca quadrialata Naudin = Tococa quadrialata (Naud.) J.F. Macbr.
Micropiper pellucidum (L.) Miq.
Micropiper pellucidum (L.) Miq. = Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth
Reference: FP 1216: 71; Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 466.
Micropteryx poeppigiana Walp.
Micropteryx poeppigiana Walp. = Erythrina poeppigiana (Walp.) Cook
Reference: FP 21: 311; Krukoff, B. A. & R. C. Barneby, 1974: 347.
Microsteris gracilis (Hooker) Greene
Microsteris gracilis (Hooker) Greene = Phlox gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Greene
Microsteris gracilis subsp. humilis (Greene) V.E. Grant
Microsteris gracilis subsp. humilis (Greene) V.E. Grant = Phlox gracilis (Douglas
ex Hooker) Greene
$
Microsteris humilis (Douglas) Greene
Microsteris humilis (Douglas) Greene = Phlox gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Greene
Microsteris micrantha (Kellogg) Greene
Microsteris micrantha (Kellogg) Greene = Phlox gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Greene
Microstylis andicola Ridl.
Microstylis andicola Ridl. = Malaxis andicola (Ridl.) Kuntze
Microstylis calycina (Lindl.) Ridl.
Microstylis calycina (Lindl.) Ridl. = Malaxis carnosa (Kunth) C. Schweinf.
Microstylis excavata Lindl.
Microstylis excavata Lindl. = Malaxis excavata (Lindl.) Kuntze
Microstylis fastigiata Rchb. f.
Microstylis fastigiata Rchb. f. = Malaxis fastigiata (Rchb. f.) Kuntze

Microstylis hastilabia Rchb. f.
Microstylis hastilabia Rchb. f. = Malaxis excavata (Lindl.) Kuntze
Microstylis humilis Cogn.
Microstylis humilis Cogn. = Encyclia pygmaea (Hooker) Dressler
Microstylis liparidioides Finet
Microstylis liparidioides Finet = Malaxis liparidioides (Finet) C. Schweinf.
Microstylis parthonii (Morren) Rchb. f.
Microstylis parthonii (Morren) Rchb. f. = Malaxis parthonii Morren
Microstylis rupestris Poepp. & Endl.
Microstylis rupestris Poepp. & Endl. = Malaxis rupestris (Poeppig & Endlicher)
Kuntze

$
Microstylis termensis Kraenzl.
Microstylis termensis Kraenzl. = Malaxis termensis var. termensis
Microstylis ventricosa Poepp. & Endl.
Microstylis ventricosa Poepp. & Endl. = Malaxis ventricosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze
Microtea debilis Sw.
Microtea debilis Sw.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1261: 548; Nowicke, J. W., 1969: 349.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: beach, disturbed areas, seasonally
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Puno, San Martín, Ucayali.
Microtea maypurensis (Kunth) G. Don
Microtea maypurensis (Kunth) G. Don
Synonyms: Microtea maypurensis Kunth

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Departments: Puno, Tumbes.
Microtea scabrida Urb.

Microtea scabrida Urb.
Reference: Nowicke, J. W., 1969: 350.

Ecology: Native herb, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-500
m.
Miersiella umbellata (Miers) Urb.
Miersiella umbellata (Miers) Urb.
Synonyms: Miersiella umbellata Miers

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., H. Maas-van de Kamer, J. van Benthem, H. C. M. Snelders,
& T. Bübsamen, 1986: 127.
Ecology: Native saphrophyte. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Wolfe 12209 (NA)
Mikania alata (G. Meyer) DC.
Mikania alata (G. Meyer) DC. = Mikania micrantha Kunth
Reference: FP 1418: 36; King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 549.
Mikania almagroi Cuatrec.
Mikania almagroi Cuatrec. = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania amara (Vahl) Willd.
Mikania amara (Vahl) Willd. = Mikania parviflora (Aubl.) H. Karst.

Mikania amara var. guaco (Humb. & Bonpl.) Baker
Mikania amara var. guaco (Humb. & Bonpl.) Baker = Mikania guaco Humb. & Bonpl.
Mikania angularis Humb. & Bonpl.
Mikania angularis Humb. & Bonpl.
Synonyms: Mikania angularis DC., Mikania angularis Poepp.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1418: 8; King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 423, 549.
Ecology: Native liana. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lambayeque.
Mikania antioquiensis Hieron.
Mikania antioquiensis Hieron. = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania antioquiensis var. subcuneata B. Robinson
Mikania antioquiensis var. subcuneata B. Robinson = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania anzoatiguensis V.M. Badillo
Mikania anzoatiguensis V.M. Badillo = Mikania vitifolia DC.

Mikania apiifolia DC.
Mikania apiifolia DC. = Mikania ternata (Vell.) B. Robinson
Mikania aquaria B. Robinson
Mikania aquaria B. Robinson
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Macbride 5242* (F!), Mathias & Taylor 5904 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto.
Mikania areolata Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania areolata Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5754* (F!)
Mikania armigera Poepp.
Mikania armigera Poepp. = Mikania angularis Humb. & Bonpl.
$
Mikania arthroclada B. Robinson
Mikania arthroclada B. Robinson
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6972* (F!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Mikania aschersonii Hieron.
Mikania aschersonii Hieron.
Synonyms: Mikania aschersonii B. Robinson

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-
2000 m.
Voucher: Klug 3679 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San Martín.
Mikania aschersonii var. indula B. Robinson
Mikania aschersonii var. indula B. Robinson = Mikania aschersonii Hieron.
Mikania atriplicifolia Schultz-Bip. ex Miq.
Mikania atriplicifolia Schultz-Bip. ex Miq. = Mikania congesta DC.
Mikania attenuata DC.

Mikania attenuata DC. = Mikania guaco Humb. & Bonpl.
Mikania badieri DC.
Mikania badieri DC. = Mikania hookeriana DC.
Mikania badieri var. kittsiana Urb.
Mikania badieri var. kittsiana Urb. = Mikania hookeriana DC.
Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania banisteriae DC.
Synonyms: Mikania banisteriae (B. Robinson) Steyerm., Mikania banisteriae (DC.)

Steyerm., Mikania banisteriae (Hieron.) Steyerm., Mikania banisteriae (Rusby) Rusby
ex Buchtien, Mikania banisteriae B. Robinson, Mikania banisteriae B. Robinson,
Mikania banisteriae Benth., Mikania banisteriae Buchtien, Mikania banisteriae
Cuatrec., Mikania banisteriae DC., Mikania banisteriae Hieron., Mikania banisteriae
Hieron., Mikania banisteriae Poepp. & Endl., Mikania banisteriae Rusby, Mikania
banisteriae Rusby, Mikania banisteriae S.F. Blake, Mikania banisteriae V.M.
Badillo, Mikania banisteriae V.M. Badillo, Mikania banisteriae V.M. Badillo,
Mikania banisteriae V.M. Badillo, Mikania banisteriae V.M. Badillo, Mikania
banisteriae V.M. Badillo, Mikania banisteriae V.M. Badillo
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests,
Voucher: McDaniel et al. 21652 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Puno,
Mikania banisteriae fo. lanuginosa (DC.) Steyerm.

Mikania banisteriae fo. lanuginosa (DC.) Steyerm. = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania banisteriae fo. lehmanniana (Hieron.) Steyerm.
Mikania banisteriae fo. lehmanniana (Hieron.) Steyerm. = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania banisteriae fo. subglabra (B. Robinson) Steyerm.
Mikania banisteriae fo. subglabra (B. Robinson) Steyerm. = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania bergantinensis V.M. Badillo
Mikania bergantinensis V.M. Badillo = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania boliviensis Lingelsh.
Mikania boliviensis Lingelsh. = Mikania vitifolia DC.
Mikania brachiata Poepp.
Mikania brachiata Poepp. = Mikania guaco Humb. & Bonpl.

$
Mikania brachyphylla Hieron.
Mikania brachyphylla Hieron.
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: elfin forests. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Jelski 703* (B photo F!), Barbour 3373 (F)
Mikania brevifaucia Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania brevifaucia Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 4447* (F!), Chávez 3282 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Mikania brooksii Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania brooksii Holmes & McDaniel
Voucher: McDaniel et al. 21387* (IBE), Rimachi 4832 (US!)
Mikania bulbisetifera Cuatrec.
Mikania bulbisetifera Cuatrec.
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean I-II: forests, shrublands. 500-2500 m.
Mikania bullata B. Robinson
Mikania bullata B. Robinson
Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1085* (B photo F!), Ferreyra 16685 (MO!)
Departments: Puno.
Mikania canaquensis V.M. Badillo
Mikania canaquensis V.M. Badillo = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania carnosa Muschl.
Mikania carnosa Muschl.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Mikania caudata Benth.
Mikania caudata Benth. = Mikania banisteriae DC.
$
Mikania caustolepis B.L. Rob.
Mikania caustolepis B.L. Rob. = Mikania vitifolia DC.
Mikania chimborazensis Hieron.
Mikania chimborazensis Hieron.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5310 (US!)
Mikania cissampelina DC.
Mikania cissampelina DC. = Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Mikania congesta DC.
Mikania congesta DC.
Synonyms: Mikania congesta (DC.) B. Robinson, Mikania congesta (DC.) Baker, Mikania
congesta DC., Mikania congesta DC., Mikania congesta Gardner, Mikania congesta
Schultz-Bip. ex Miq.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas, swamps.
0-500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 54 (F!)
Mikania conglomerata Holmes & McDaniel

Mikania conglomerata Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 2249* (US!), Schunke 1145 (F)
Mikania consanguinea Gardner
Mikania consanguinea Gardner = Mikania psilostachya DC.
Mikania convolvulacea DC.
Mikania convolvulacea DC. = Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Synonyms: Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Kuntze, Mikania cordifolia B. Robinson, Mikania

cordifolia Baker, Mikania cordifolia Barb. Rodr., Mikania cordifolia DC., Mikania
cordifolia DC., Mikania cordifolia DC., Mikania cordifolia Gómez de la Maza,
Mikania cordifolia Kunth, Mikania cordifolia Kunth, Mikania cordifolia L.f.,
Mikania cordifolia Miq., Mikania cordifolia Miq., Mikania cordifolia Small, Mikania
cordifolia Spreng.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: forests, riversides. 0-2000
m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 4244 (MO)
Departments: Ayacucho, Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lambayeque,
Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura, San Martín, Ucayali.
Mikania crassifolia Hieron.

Mikania crassifolia Hieron.
Voucher: Jelski 696* (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque.
Mikania cryptodonta B.L. Rob.
Mikania cryptodonta B.L. Rob. = Mikania vitifolia DC.
Mikania cuneata Sch. Bip.
Mikania cuneata Sch. Bip. = Mikania guaco Humb. & Bonpl.
Mikania cutervensis Hieron.
Mikania cutervensis Hieron.
Synonyms: Mikania cutervensis (Hieron.) Hieron.

Ecology: Endemic liana. .
Voucher: Jelski 795* (B destroyed), Weberbauer 4036 (frag. F!)
Mikania cuzcoensis W.C. Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania cuzcoensis W.C. Holmes & McDaniel
Voucher: Vargas 16521* (US!), Ferreyra 2159 (US!, MO!)
Mikania decora Poepp. & Endl.
Mikania decora Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Mikania decora B. Robinson, Mikania decora B. Robinson, Mikania decora

Rusby
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: forests. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1645* (W photo F!), McDaniel & Rimachi 22033 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, San
Martín.
Mikania decora var. heteroneura B. Robinson
Mikania decora var. heteroneura B. Robinson = Mikania decora Poepp. & Endl.
Mikania dentata Spreng.
Mikania dentata Spreng. = Mikania ternata (Vell.) B. Robinson
Reference: FP 1418: 51; King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 551; Holmes, W. C. & S.
McDaniel, 1989: 489.
Mikania desmocephala B. Robinson
Mikania desmocephala B. Robinson
Synonyms: Mikania desmocephala B. Robinson

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Dudley 10446 (MO)
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Loreto.
Mikania desmocephala var. peruviana B. Robinson
Mikania desmocephala var. peruviana B. Robinson = Mikania desmocephala B. Robinson
Mikania dioscoreoides (Rusby) B. Robinson
Mikania dioscoreoides (Rusby) B. Robinson
Synonyms: Mikania dioscoreoides Rusby

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 424, 551.
Ecology: Native liana. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m.
Voucher: Schunke 11433 (NY)
Mikania dudleyi Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania dudleyi Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Dudley 10913* (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Mikania ecuadorensis W.C. Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania ecuadorensis W.C. Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Townsend 791 (F!)
Departments: Piura.
$
Mikania featherstonei B.L. Rob.
Mikania featherstonei B.L. Rob.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: riversides. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 2428* (F!)
Mikania ferruginea (Rusby) Rusby ex Buchtien
Mikania ferruginea (Rusby) Rusby ex Buchtien = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Reference: FP 1418: 11; King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 424, 551.
Mikania filicifolia B. Robinson
Mikania filicifolia B. Robinson
Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Mikania glandulifera Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania glandulifera Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 1487* (F!)
$
Mikania glechomaefolia Sch. Bip. ex Baker
Mikania glechomaefolia Sch. Bip. ex Baker = Mikania micrantha Kunth
Mikania gonoclada DC.
Mikania gonoclada DC. = Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Mikania gracilis Sch. Bip. ex Miq.
Mikania gracilis Sch. Bip. ex Miq. = Mikania vitifolia DC.
Mikania guaco Humb. & Bonpl.
Mikania guaco Humb. & Bonpl.
Synonyms: Mikania guaco (Humb. & Bonpl.) Baker, Mikania guaco (Humb. & Bonpl.)
Kuntze, Mikania guaco DC., Mikania guaco Klatt, Mikania guaco Poepp., Mikania guaco
Sch. Bip.
Voucher: McDaniel et al. 21503 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San
Martín.
Mikania haenkeana DC.

Mikania haenkeana DC.
Synonyms: Mikania haenkeana Hieron., Mikania haenkeana Hieron.

Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II: forests, riversides. 500-2000 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Macbride 5064 (F!)
Mikania hexagona B.L. Rob.
Mikania hexagona B.L. Rob. = Mikania microptera DC.
Mikania hexagonocaulis Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania hexagonocaulis Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Mikania hirsutissima Buchtien
Mikania hirsutissima Buchtien = Mikania banisteriae DC.

Note: nom. illeg.
Mikania hitchcockii B.L. Rob.
Mikania hitchcockii B.L. Rob.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Santisteban 027 (F!)
Mikania hookeriana DC.
Mikania hookeriana DC.
Synonyms: Mikania hookeriana (DC.) B. Robinson, Mikania hookeriana (DC.) B.

Robinson, Mikania hookeriana (DC.) Kuntze, Mikania hookeriana (Griseb.) Kuntze,
Mikania hookeriana (Urb.) B. Robinson, Mikania hookeriana B. Robinson, Mikania
hookeriana B. Robinson, Mikania hookeriana DC., Mikania hookeriana DC., Mikania
hookeriana Griseb., Mikania hookeriana Steyerm., Mikania hookeriana Urb., Mikania
hookeriana V.M. Badillo
Mikania hookeriana var. badieri (DC.) B. Robinson
Mikania hookeriana var. badieri (DC.) B. Robinson = Mikania hookeriana DC.
Mikania hookeriana var. cardiophylla B. Robinson
Mikania hookeriana var. cardiophylla B. Robinson = Mikania hookeriana DC.
Mikania hookeriana var. crassicaulis Steyerm.
Mikania hookeriana var. crassicaulis Steyerm. = Mikania hookeriana DC.

$
Mikania hookeriana var. kittsiana (Urb.) B. Robinson
Mikania hookeriana var. kittsiana (Urb.) B. Robinson = Mikania hookeriana DC.
Mikania hookeriana var. platyphylla (DC.) B. Robinson
Mikania hookeriana var. platyphylla (DC.) B. Robinson = Mikania hookeriana DC.
Mikania hostmannii Miq.
Mikania hostmannii Miq. = Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Mikania huanucoensis Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania huanucoensis Holmes & McDaniel
Voucher: Woytkowski 6192* (MO)
Mikania imrayana Griseb.
Mikania imrayana Griseb. = Mikania hookeriana DC.

$
Mikania incasina B. Robinson
Mikania incasina B. Robinson
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II: shrublands. 1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Mathews sn.* (K), Macbride 5778 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín.
Mikania infesta B. Robinson
Mikania infesta B. Robinson
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II: shrublands. 1000-2000 m.
Mikania inornata B. Robinson
Mikania inornata B. Robinson
Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Macbride 5061* (F!)
Mikania iquitosensis B. Robinson
Mikania iquitosensis B. Robinson
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27080* (GH)
Mikania jelskii Hieron.
Mikania jelskii Hieron.
Ecology: Native liana. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands. 1500-3000 m.
Voucher: Jelski 634* (B destroyed, photo F), Wurdack 929 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, San
Martín.
Mikania juninensis Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania juninensis Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25912* (F!), Killip & Smith 25797 (GH)
Mikania karuaiensis V.M. Badillo
Mikania karuaiensis V.M. Badillo = Mikania psilostachya DC.
Mikania kavanayensis V.M. Badillo
Mikania kavanayensis V.M. Badillo = Mikania banisteriae DC.
$
Mikania klugii B.L. Rob.
Mikania klugii B.L. Rob.
Voucher: Klug 2135* (F!)
Mikania lanceolata Hieron.
Mikania lanceolata Hieron.
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. .
Voucher: Jelski 746 (US!)
Mikania lancifolia B. Robinson
Mikania lancifolia B. Robinson
Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1137* (F), Metcalf 30644 (MO!)
Departments: Puno.
Mikania lanuginosa DC.
Mikania lanuginosa DC. = Mikania banisteriae DC.
$
Mikania larensis V.M. Badillo
Mikania larensis V.M. Badillo = Mikania stuebelii Hieron.
Mikania lasiopoda B. Robinson
Mikania lasiopoda B. Robinson
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides, shrublands. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Macbride 5567* (F!), Macbride 5729 (F!)
Mikania laxa DC.
Mikania laxa DC. = Mikania angularis Humb. & Bonpl.
Mikania lechleri Sch. Bip. ex B.L. Rob.
Mikania lechleri Sch. Bip. ex B.L. Rob. = Mikania vitifolia DC.
Mikania leiostachya Benth.
Mikania leiostachya Benth.
Ecology. 0-2000 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, San Martín.
$
Mikania lima Schlecht. ex C. Martius
Mikania lima Schlecht. ex C. Martius = Mikania psilostachya DC.
Mikania lindleyana DC.
Mikania lindleyana DC.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: riversides. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Klug 3060 (MO)
Departments: Amazonas, Junín, Loreto, Puno.
Mikania loretensis B.L. Rob.
Mikania loretensis B.L. Rob. = Mikania parviflora (Aubl.) H. Karst.
Mikania lutescens B. Robinson
Mikania lutescens B. Robinson
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Mikania macbridei B. Robinson

Mikania macbridei B. Robinson = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania macdanielii W. Holmes
Mikania macdanielii W. Holmes
Reference: Holmes, W. C., 1989: 377.

Voucher: Schunke 9369* (F), Schunke 9379 (F)
Mikania macrostipulata Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania macrostipulata Holmes & McDaniel
Reference: Holmes, W. C. & S. McDaniel, 1984: 276.

Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Schunke 11895* (AMAZ, IBE)
Mikania marinii Cabrera
Mikania marinii Cabrera
Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Marin 2360* (LP)
Departments: Cuzco.
Mikania mathewsii B. Robinson

Mikania mathewsii B. Robinson
Synonyms: Mikania mathewsii Schultz-Bip. ex B. Robinson

Voucher: Mathews 1368* (GH), Killip & Smith 27756 (F!)
Martín.
Mikania mazanensis Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania mazanensis Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Mikania megalophylla Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania megalophylla Holmes & McDaniel
Voucher: Belshaw 3153* (F!), Klug 4363 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Mikania meridana V.M. Badillo
Mikania meridana V.M. Badillo = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania meridensis V.M. Badillo
Mikania meridensis V.M. Badillo = Mikania stuebelii Hieron.

Mikania micrantha fo. hirsuta (Hieron.) B. Robinson
Mikania micrantha fo. hirsuta (Hieron.) B. Robinson = Mikania micrantha Kunth
Mikania micrantha Kunth
Mikania micrantha Kunth
Synonyms: Mikania micrantha (G. Meyer) DC., Mikania micrantha (Gardner) Baker,
Mikania micrantha (Hieron.) B. Robinson, Mikania micrantha (Kunth) Rusby, Mikania
micrantha G. Meyer, Mikania micrantha Gardner, Mikania micrantha Gardner, Mikania
micrantha Hieron., Mikania micrantha Hieron., Mikania micrantha Hook. & Arn.,
Mikania micrantha Kunth, Mikania micrantha Rusby, Mikania micrantha Sch. Bip. ex
Baker
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests,
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura, San Martín.
Mikania microptera DC.
Mikania microptera DC.
Synonyms: Mikania microptera (DC.) Baker, Mikania microptera B.L. Rob.

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 23282 (F!)
Mikania molinensis V.M. Badillo

Mikania molinensis V.M. Badillo = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania mollis Kunth
Mikania mollis Kunth = Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Mikania montana B. Robinson
Mikania montana B. Robinson
Ecology: Native liana. Andean II-III: shrublands. 1500-4000 m.
Voucher: Macbride 4169* (F!), Pennell 14002 (F!)
Mikania monzonensis Hieron.
Mikania monzonensis Hieron. = Mikania haenkeana DC.
Mikania moyobambensis Hieron.
Mikania moyobambensis Hieron. = Mikania psilostachya DC.
Mikania ochroleuca B. Robinson

Mikania ochroleuca B. Robinson
Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Mikania olivacea Klatt
Mikania olivacea Klatt = Mikania guaco Humb. & Bonpl.
Mikania oniaensis V.M. Badillo
Mikania oniaensis V.M. Badillo = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania oreopola B.L. Rob.
Mikania oreopola B.L. Rob.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Lechler 2315* (K), Macbride 5731 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Puno, San
Martín.
Mikania orinocensis Kunth
Mikania orinocensis Kunth = Mikania micrantha Kunth

$
Mikania parkeriana DC.
Mikania parkeriana DC. = Mikania congesta DC.
Mikania parvicapitulata Hieron.
Mikania parvicapitulata Hieron.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Mikania parviflora (Aubl.) H. Karst.
Mikania parviflora (Aubl.) H. Karst.
Synonyms: Mikania parviflora (Vahl) Willd., Mikania parviflora Aubl., Mikania

parviflora B.L. Rob., Mikania parviflora Vahl
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides, seasonally
Mikania pellucidivenia Hieron.
Mikania pellucidivenia Hieron. = Mikania haenkeana DC.
$
Mikania pendula Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania pendula Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 4485* (F!), Vargas 1917 (GH)
Departments: Cuzco.
Mikania platyphylla DC.
Mikania platyphylla DC. = Mikania hookeriana DC.
Mikania poeppigii Spreng.
Mikania poeppigii Spreng. = Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Mikania polystachya DC.
Mikania polystachya DC. = Mikania psilostachya DC.
Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 555.
Mikania psilostachya DC.
Mikania psilostachya DC.
Synonyms: Mikania psilostachya (Benth.) Baker, Mikania psilostachya (DC.) Baker,

Mikania psilostachya Benth., Mikania psilostachya DC., Mikania psilostachya DC.,
Mikania psilostachya Gardner, Mikania psilostachya Hieron., Mikania psilostachya
Schlecht. ex C. Martius, Mikania psilostachya V.M. Badillo
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests,
Voucher: Poeppig 2344* (G-DC), Schunke 10106 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San Martín.
Mikania psilostachya var. racemulosa (Benth.) Baker
Mikania psilostachya var. racemulosa (Benth.) Baker = Mikania psilostachya DC.
Mikania psilostachya var. scabra (DC.) Baker
Mikania psilostachya var. scabra (DC.) Baker = Mikania psilostachya DC.
Mikania ptaretepuiensis V.M. Badillo
Mikania ptaretepuiensis V.M. Badillo = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania punctata Klatt
Mikania punctata Klatt = Mikania vitifolia DC.
Mikania pycnadenia B. Robinson
Mikania pycnadenia B. Robinson

Ecology: Native vine. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Spruce s.n.* (K)
Mikania racemulosa Benth.
Mikania racemulosa Benth. = Mikania psilostachya DC.
Mikania rimachii Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania rimachii Holmes & McDaniel
Synonyms: Mikania rimachii Baker

areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: McDaniel et al. 21646* (AMAZ, US!), Rimachi 4423 (AMAZ)
Mikania rivularis B. Robinson
Mikania rivularis B. Robinson = Mikania weberbaueri Hieron.
Mikania rugosa B. Robinson
Mikania rugosa B. Robinson
Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1323* (B destroyed, photo GH)
Departments: Puno.
Mikania ruiziana Poepp. & Endl.
Mikania ruiziana Poepp. & Endl. = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania ruiziana var. lehmanniana Hieron.
Mikania ruiziana var. lehmanniana Hieron. = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania sanjacintensis V.M. Badillo
Mikania sanjacintensis V.M. Badillo = Mikania hookeriana DC.
Mikania scabra DC.
Mikania scabra DC. = Mikania psilostachya DC.
Mikania scandens fo. congesta (DC.) B. Robinson
Mikania scandens fo. congesta (DC.) B. Robinson = Mikania congesta DC.

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Mikania scandens var. alata Baker
Mikania scandens var. alata Baker = Mikania rimachii Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania scandens var. congesta (DC.) Baker
Mikania scandens var. congesta (DC.) Baker = Mikania congesta DC.
Mikania scandens var. hirsuta Hieron.
Mikania scandens var. hirsuta Hieron. = Mikania micrantha Kunth
Mikania scandens var. microptera (DC.) Baker
Mikania scandens var. microptera (DC.) Baker = Mikania microptera DC.
Mikania scandens var. rhodotricha Baker
Mikania scandens var. rhodotricha Baker = Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Mikania scandens var. umbellifera (Gardner) Baker

Mikania scandens var. umbellifera (Gardner) Baker = Mikania micrantha Kunth
Mikania scandens var. villosa Hieron.
Mikania scandens var. villosa Hieron. = Mikania micrantha Kunth
Mikania shushunensis Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania shushunensis Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Rimachi 3984* (AMAZ), McDaniel et al. 23742 (US!)
Mikania sieberiana DC.
Mikania sieberiana DC. = Mikania congesta DC.
Mikania simpsonii Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania simpsonii Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Simpson 781* (US!), Klug 2960 (F!)
$
Mikania sinuata Rusby
Mikania sinuata Rusby = Mikania micrantha Kunth
Mikania skutchii S.F. Blake
Mikania skutchii S.F. Blake = Mikania banisteriae DC.
Mikania speciosa DC.
Mikania speciosa DC.
Ecology: Native liana. Andean I-II: cloud forests, shrublands. 1000-2500 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (G-DC), Macbride 4198 (F!)
Mikania sprucei Baker
Mikania sprucei Baker

Ecology: Native liana. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Klug 3412 (GH)
Mikania stereodes B. Robinson

Mikania stereodes B. Robinson
Departments: Cuzco.
Mikania stuebelii Hieron.
Mikania stuebelii Hieron.
Synonyms: Mikania stuebelii (Badillo) Steyerm., Mikania stuebelii Hieron., Mikania

stuebelii V.M. Badillo, Mikania stuebelii V.M. Badillo
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: forests, riversides. 1500-3000 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 34300 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco.
Mikania stuebelii var. larensis (Badillo) Steyerm.
Mikania stuebelii var. larensis (Badillo) Steyerm. = Mikania stuebelii Hieron.
Mikania stuebelii var. latifolia Hieron.
Mikania stuebelii var. latifolia Hieron. = Mikania stuebelii Hieron.
Mikania stygia B. Robinson
Mikania stygia B. Robinson
Mikania suaveolens Kunth
Mikania suaveolens Kunth = Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Mikania subcrenata Hook. & Arn.
Mikania subcrenata Hook. & Arn. = Mikania micrantha Kunth
Mikania subcymosa Gardner
Mikania subcymosa Gardner = Mikania micrantha Kunth
Mikania surinamensis Miq.
Mikania surinamensis Miq. = Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Mikania szyszylowiczii Hieron.
Mikania szyszylowiczii Hieron.
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Jelski 681* (B destroyed, photo F), Klug 3412 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, San
Martín.
Mikania tambillensis Hieron.
Mikania tambillensis Hieron.
Voucher: Jelski 762* (B photo F!)
Mikania tarapotensis B. Robinson
Mikania tarapotensis B. Robinson = Mikania decora Poepp. & Endl.
Mikania tenax Schultz-Bip. ex B. Robinson
Mikania tenax Schultz-Bip. ex B. Robinson = Mikania mathewsii B. Robinson
Mikania ternata (Vell.) B. Robinson
Mikania ternata (Vell.) B. Robinson
Synonyms: Mikania ternata DC., Mikania ternata Spreng., Mikania ternata Vell.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1418: 51; King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 426, 557; Holmes,
W. C. & S. McDaniel, 1989: 489.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m.
$
Mikania trachodes B. Robinson
Mikania trachodes B. Robinson
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3395* (B destroyed, photo GM), Hutchison et al. 5962 (F!)
Mikania trifolia (Rusby) B. Robinson
Mikania trifolia (Rusby) B. Robinson
Synonyms: Mikania trifolia Rusby

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Asplund 13059 (S)
Mikania turbaricola Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania turbaricola Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology: Native subshrub, vine. Andean II: bogs. 2000-2500 m.
Mikania umbellifera Gardner
Mikania umbellifera Gardner = Mikania micrantha Kunth

$
Mikania vargasii Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania vargasii Holmes & McDaniel
Ecology. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 14565* (US!), Vargas 15634 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Mikania variabilis Gardner
Mikania variabilis Gardner = Mikania congesta DC.
Mikania vellosiana Barb. Rodr.
Mikania vellosiana Barb. Rodr. = Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Mikania violaefolia Cuatrec.
Mikania violaefolia Cuatrec.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: forests, savannas. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 1257* (US!), Hutchison & Wright 5679 (F!)
Mikania vitifolia DC.

Mikania vitifolia DC.
Synonyms: Mikania vitifolia (B.L. Rob.) B. Robinson, Mikania vitifolia (Lingelsh.)

B.L. Rob., Mikania vitifolia B.L. Rob., Mikania vitifolia B.L. Rob., Mikania
vitifolia Klatt, Mikania vitifolia Lingelsh., Mikania vitifolia Sch. Bip. ex B.L.
Rob., Mikania vitifolia Sch. Bip. ex Miq., Mikania vitifolia V.M. Badillo
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: cloud forests. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 22019 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San
Martín.
Mikania vitifolia fo. boliviensis (Lingelsh.) B.L. Rob.
Mikania vitifolia fo. boliviensis (Lingelsh.) B.L. Rob. = Mikania vitifolia DC.
Mikania vitifolia fo. cryptodonta (B.L. Rob.) B. Robinson
Mikania vitifolia fo. cryptodonta (B.L. Rob.) B. Robinson = Mikania vitifolia DC.
Mikania vitrea B. Robinson
Mikania vitrea B. Robinson = Mikania hookeriana DC.
Mikania weberbaueri Hieron.
Mikania weberbaueri Hieron.
Synonyms: Mikania weberbaueri B. Robinson

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3426* (F!), Macbride 5414 (F!)
Mikania woytkowskii Holmes & McDaniel
Mikania woytkowskii Holmes & McDaniel
Voucher: Woytkowski 34393* (F!)
Mikania yapasensis B. Robinson
Mikania yapasensis B. Robinson = Mikania cordifolia (L.f.) Willd.
Mila albisetacea Rauh & Backeb.
Mila albisetacea Rauh & Backeb. = Mila caespitosa Britton & Rose
Mila alboareolata Akers
Mila alboareolata Akers = Mila nealeana Backeb.
Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 231; Hunt, D., 1992: 93.

Note: Treated as a synonym of M. caespitosa by Ritter (1981: 1339).
Mila breviseta Rauh & Backeb.

Mila breviseta Rauh & Backeb. = Mila nealeana Backeb.
Mila caespitosa Britton & Rose
Mila caespitosa Britton & Rose
Synonyms: Mila caespitosa (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald, Mila caespitosa (Rauh & Backeb.)
Donald, Mila caespitosa (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald, Mila caespitosa (Rauh & Backeb.)
Donald, Mila caespitosa (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald, Mila caespitosa Rauh & Backeb.,
Mila caespitosa Rauh & Backeb., Mila caespitosa Rauh & Backeb., Mila caespitosa
Rauh & Backeb., Mila caespitosa Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1922: 211; Rauh, W., 1958: 231; Donald, J.
D., 1978: 61.
Ecology: Endemic Clustered, globular cactus. Andean I-II, Coastal: dry valleys,
Note: Various infraspecific taxa were recognized by Donald (1978) and are here
listed among the synonyms.
Voucher: Rose 18555* (US), Rauh K50 [1956] (ZSS)
Departments: Lima.
Mila caespitosa fo. albisetacea (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald
Mila caespitosa fo. albisetacea (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald = Mila caespitosa Britton &
Rose
Reference: Donald, J. D., 1978: 62.
Mila caespitosa fo. breviseta (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald
Mila caespitosa fo. breviseta (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald = Mila nealeana Backeb.
Mila caespitosa fo. cereoides (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald
Mila caespitosa fo. cereoides (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald = Mila caespitosa Britton &
Rose
Mila caespitosa fo. kubeana (Werdermann & Backeberg) Donald
Mila caespitosa fo. kubeana (Werdermann & Backeberg) Donald = Mila nealeana Backeb.
Reference: Donald, J. D., 1978: 62; Ritter, F., 1981: 1340.
Mila caespitosa fo. lurinensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald
Mila caespitosa fo. lurinensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald = Mila nealeana Backeb.
Mila caespitosa fo. sublanata (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald
Mila caespitosa fo. sublanata (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald = Mila caespitosa Britton &
Rose
Mila caespitosa subsp. nealaena (Backeb.) Donald
Mila caespitosa subsp. nealaena (Backeb.) Donald = Mila nealeana Backeb.
Mila caespitosa var. alboareolata (Akers) Donald
Mila caespitosa var. alboareolata (Akers) Donald = Mila nealeana Backeb.

$
Mila caespitosa var. densiseta (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald
Mila caespitosa var. densiseta (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald = Mila nealeana Backeb.
Mila caespitosa var. fortalezensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald
Mila caespitosa var. fortalezensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald = Mila caespitosa
Britton & Rose
Mila caespitosa var. pugionifera (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald
Mila caespitosa var. pugionifera (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald = Mila caespitosa Britton
& Rose
Mila ceroides Rauh & Backeb.
Mila ceroides Rauh & Backeb. = Mila caespitosa Britton & Rose
Note: Treated as a synonym under M. nealeana by Ritter (1981).
Mila colorea F. Ritter
Mila colorea F. Ritter

Ecology: Endemic Solitary or clustered, globular cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes.
2000-2500 m.
Mila densiseta Rauh & Backeb.
Mila densiseta Rauh & Backeb. = Mila nealeana Backeb.
Mila fortalezensis Rauh & Backeb.
Mila fortalezensis Rauh & Backeb. = Mila caespitosa Britton & Rose
Mila kubeana Werdermann & Backeberg
Mila kubeana Werdermann & Backeberg = Mila nealeana Backeb.
Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 232; Ritter, F., 1981: 1340; Hunt, D., 1992: 93.
Mila lurinensis Rauh & Backeb.
Mila lurinensis Rauh & Backeb. = Mila nealeana Backeb.
Mila nealeana Backeb.

Mila nealeana Backeb.
Synonyms: Mila nealeana (Akers) Donald, Mila nealeana (Backeb.) Donald, Mila
nealeana (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald, Mila nealeana (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald, Mila
nealeana (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald, Mila nealeana (Werdermann & Backeberg) Donald,
Mila nealeana Akers, Mila nealeana F. Ritter, Mila nealeana Rauh & Backeb., Mila
nealeana Rauh & Backeb., Mila nealeana Rauh & Backeb., Mila nealeana Rauh &
Backeb., Mila nealeana Rauh & Backeb., Mila nealeana Werdermann & Backeberg
Ecology: Endemic Solitary or clustered, globular cactus. Andean I-II: dry valleys,
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). Various infraspecific taxa treated
here as synonyms of M. nealeana were recognized by Donald (1978: 61-62) under M.
caespitosa.
Voucher: Backeberg s.n.* , Ritter 141 (U)
Departments: Lima.
Mila nealeana fo. senilis F. Ritter
Mila nealeana fo. senilis F. Ritter = Mila nealeana Backeb.
Mila nealeana var. tenuior Rauh & Backeb.
Mila nealeana var. tenuior Rauh & Backeb. = Mila nealeana Backeb.
Mila pugionifera Rauh & Backeb.
Mila pugionifera Rauh & Backeb. = Mila caespitosa Britton & Rose
Mila sublanata Rauh & Backeb.
Mila sublanata Rauh & Backeb. = Mila caespitosa Britton & Rose
Mila sublanata var. pallidior Rauh & Backeb.
Mila sublanata var. pallidior Rauh & Backeb. = Mila nealeana Backeb.
Milium compressum Sw.
Milium compressum Sw. = Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv.
Reference: FP 719: 205; Black, G. A., 1963: 72.
Milium digitatum Sw.
Milium digitatum Sw. = Digitaria nuda Schum.
Reference: FP 719: 201; Veldkamp, J. F., 1973: 41.

Note: NN
Milium latifolium Cav.
Milium latifolium Cav. = Paspalum racemosum Lam.
Milium punctatum L.
Milium punctatum L. = Eriochloa punctata (L.) Desv.

$
Milium ramosum Retz.
Milium ramosum Retz. = Eriochloa procera (Retz.) C.E. Hubb.
Reference: FP 719: 203; Judziewicz, E. J., 1990[1991]: 224.
Milla andicola Baker
Milla andicola Baker = Nothoscordum andicola Kunth
Millea ecuadorensis Standl.
Millea ecuadorensis Standl. = Eriotheca ruizii (Schumann) Robyns
Milleria peruviana H. Rob.
Milleria peruviana H. Rob.
Reference: Robinson, H., 1979: 47.

Voucher: Ferreyra 9140* (US!)
Milleria quinqueflora L.
Milleria quinqueflora L.
Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E. & R. W. Schery, 1975: 1061.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Note: Actual Peru voucher not seen.
$
Miltonia parva C. Schweinf.
Miltonia parva C. Schweinf. = Cischweinfia parva (C. Schweinf.) Dressler & N.H.
Williams
Miltonia vexillaria (Rchb. f.) Nicholson
Miltonia vexillaria (Rchb. f.) Nicholson = Miltoniopsis vexillaria (Rchb. f.) God.-
Leb.
Miltonia warscewiczii Rchb. f.
Miltonia warscewiczii Rchb. f. = Oncidium fuscatum Rchb. f.
Miltoniopsis bismarkii Dodson & Bennett
Miltoniopsis bismarkii Dodson & Bennett

Voucher: Bennett 3416* (MO!)
Miltoniopsis vexillaria (Rchb. f.) God.-Leb.
Miltoniopsis vexillaria (Rchb. f.) God.-Leb.

Synonyms: Miltoniopsis vexillaria (Rchb. f.) Nicholson, Miltoniopsis vexillaria
Rchb. f.
Mimosa acantholoba (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa acantholoba (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa acantholoba (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir. var.acantholoba
Mimosa acantholoba (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir. var. acantholoba
Synonyms: Mimosa acantholoba acantholoba Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 86; Barneby, R. C., 1991: 109.
Ecology: Native shrub. Coastal: disturbed areas, semi-deciduous forests. 0-500 m.
Mimosa alba Sw.
Mimosa alba Sw. = Inga alba (Sw.) Willd.
Reference: FP 21: 14; Sousa S., M., 1993: 231.
Mimosa albida Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Mimosa albida Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Mimosa albida Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. var.albida

Mimosa albida Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. var. albida
Synonyms: Mimosa albida albida Willd., Mimosa albida var. albida (Willd.) Robinson
Ecology: Native subshrub, vine. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, rocky slopes,
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3756* (P-H&B), Sagástegui & Cabanillas 6534
(MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad, Tumbes.
Mimosa albida var. erratica J.F. Macbr.
Mimosa albida var. erratica J.F. Macbr. = Mimosa albida var. willdenowii (Poir.)
Rudd
Reference: FP 21: 86; Barneby, R. C., 1991: 544.
Mimosa albida var. floribunda (Willd.) Robinson
Mimosa albida var. floribunda (Willd.) Robinson = Mimosa albida var. willdenowii
(Poir.) Rudd
Mimosa albida var. strigosa (Willd.) Robinson
Mimosa albida var. strigosa (Willd.) Robinson = Mimosa albida Humb. & Bonpl. ex
Willd. var. albida
Reference: Barneby, R. C., 1991: 543.
Mimosa albida var.willdenowii (Poir.) Rudd
Mimosa albida var. willdenowii (Poir.) Rudd
Synonyms: Mimosa albida willdenowii Poir., Mimosa albida willdenowii Willd., Mimosa
albida var. willdenowii (Willd.) Robinson, Mimosa albida var. willdenowii J.F.
Macbr.
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lambayeque, Lima, Piura.
Mimosa angustisiliqua Lam.
Mimosa angustisiliqua Lam. = Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd.
Reference: Luckow, M. A., 1989: 389.
Mimosa annularis Spruce ex Benth.
Mimosa annularis Spruce ex Benth.
Mimosa annularis var.xinguensis (Ducke) Barneby
Mimosa annularis var. xinguensis (Ducke) Barneby
Synonyms: Mimosa annularis xinguensis Ducke

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Mimosa arborea L.
Mimosa arborea L. = Cojoba arborea (L.) Britton & Rose
Mimosa asperata L.
Mimosa asperata L.

Note: Not known from Peru. Incorrectly listed as a synonym of M. pigra in the
Flora of Peru.
Mimosa boliviana Benth.
Mimosa boliviana Benth.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 2000-3000 m.
Mimosa bourgonii Aubl.
Mimosa bourgonii Aubl. = Inga bourgonii (Aubl.) DC.
Mimosa brevifolia Humb. ex Sprengel
Mimosa brevifolia Humb. ex Sprengel = Mimosa montana Kunth var. montana
Mimosa caduca (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa caduca (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir.
Synonyms: Mimosa caduca Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd., Mimosa caduca Schery
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3499* (P-H&B)
$
Mimosa caracasana Jacq.
Mimosa caracasana Jacq. = Zapoteca caracasana (Jacq.) H.M. Hern. subsp. caracasana
Reference: FP 21: 69; Hernández, H. M., 1989: 828.
Mimosa cauliflora (Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa cauliflora (Willd.) Poir. = Zygia cauliflora (Willd.) Killip ex Record
Reference: Rico, pers. comm..
Mimosa colubrina Vell.
Mimosa colubrina Vell. = Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. colubrina
Reference: FP 21: 101; Altschul, S. von R., 1964: 52.

Note: NN
Mimosa coriacea Pers.
Mimosa coriacea Pers. = Inga sertulifera DC.
Reference: FP 21: 20; Sousa S., M., 1993: 261.
Mimosa coruscans (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa coruscans (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir. = Inga coruscans Humb. & Bonpl.
ex Willd.
Reference: León, J., 1966: 287.
$
Mimosa corymbosa Rich.
Mimosa corymbosa Rich. = Albizia corymbosa (Rich.) G.P. Lewis & P.E. Owen
Reference: FP 21: 53; Lewis, G. P. & P. E. Owen, 1989: 40.
Mimosa ctenodes Barneby
Mimosa ctenodes Barneby

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 500-1500 m.
Voucher: Smith 6170* (MO!), Hutchison & Wright 5434 (NY)
Mimosa cuatrecasasii Rudd
Mimosa cuatrecasasii Rudd = Mimosa guilandinae var. cuatrecasasii (Rudd) Barneby
Mimosa cuzcoana J.F. Macbr.
Mimosa cuzcoana J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Vargas 518* (F), Núñez 7556 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Mimosa cyclocarpa Jacq.
Mimosa cyclocarpa Jacq. = Enterolobium cyclocarpum (Jacq.) Griseb.
Reference: Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 324.
Note: NN
Mimosa cylindrica Vell.
Mimosa cylindrica Vell. = Inga cylindrica (Vell.) Mart.
Mimosa depressa (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa depressa (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir. = Desmanthus depressus Humb. &
Bonpl. ex Willd.
Reference: Luckow, M. A., 1989: 249.
Mimosa dichoneuta J.F. Macbr.
Mimosa dichoneuta J.F. Macbr. = Mimosa weberbaueri Harms
Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright ex Sauvalle
Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright ex Sauvalle
Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright ex Sauvalle var.diplotricha
Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright ex Sauvalle var. diplotricha
Synonyms: Mimosa diplotricha diplotricha Mart.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1000 m.
Mimosa discolor (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa discolor (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir. = Macrosamanea discolor (Humb. &
Bonpl. ex Willd.) Britton & Rose ex Britton & Killip
Note: NN
Mimosa distachya Vent.
Mimosa distachya Vent. = Paraserianthes lophantha (Willd.) I.C. Nielsen
Mimosa dulcis Roxb.
Mimosa dulcis Roxb. = Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth.
Reference: FP 21: 54; Rico-Arce, M. de L., 1991: 518.
Mimosa elegans Andr.
Mimosa elegans Andr. = Paraserianthes lophantha (Willd.) I.C. Nielsen

Note: Treated as a synonym of Albizia distachya in the Flora of Peru.
Mimosa expansa Pav. ex Benth.
Mimosa expansa Pav. ex Benth. = Calliandra expansa Benth.

Note: nom. nud. pro syn.
$
Mimosa extensissima Ducke
Mimosa extensissima Ducke = Mimosa guilandinae var. extensissima (Ducke) Barneby
Mimosa fagifolia L.
Mimosa fagifolia L. = Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd.
Reference: León, J., 1966: 283; Sousa S., M., 1993: 250.
Mimosa farnesiana L.
Mimosa farnesiana L. = Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd.
Reference: FP 21: 77; Duke, J. A., 1981: 5; Clarke, H. D., D. S. Seigler, & J. E.
Ebinger, 1989: 559.
Mimosa floribunda Willd.
Mimosa floribunda Willd. = Mimosa albida var. willdenowii (Poir.) Rudd
Mimosa glauca L.
Mimosa glauca L. = Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit
Reference: Shaw, E. A. & B. G. Schubert, 1976: 117; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 144.
Note: Mimosa glauca L. (1763), nom. illeg.
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Mimosa glauca L.
Mimosa glauca L. = ?
Reference: FP 21: 99; Howard, R. A., 1988: 339.

Note: NN Mimosa glauca L. (1753)
Mimosa gonoclada Benth.
Mimosa gonoclada Benth. = Mimosa revoluta (Kunth) Benth.
Mimosa guilandinae (DC.) Barneby
Mimosa guilandinae (DC.) Barneby
Mimosa guilandinae var.cuatrecasasii (Rudd) Barneby
Mimosa guilandinae var. cuatrecasasii (Rudd) Barneby
Synonyms: Mimosa guilandinae cuatrecasasii Rudd

Mimosa guilandinae var.extensissima (Ducke) Barneby
Mimosa guilandinae var. extensissima (Ducke) Barneby
Synonyms: Mimosa guilandinae extensissima Ducke

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín, Ucayali.
Mimosa hispidula Kunth
Mimosa hispidula Kunth = Mimosa pudica var. tetrandra (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.)
DC.
Mimosa inaequalis (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa inaequalis (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir. = Zygia inaequalis (Humb. &
Bonpl. ex Willd.) Pittier
Mimosa incarum Barneby
Mimosa incarum Barneby

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: dry valleys. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui et al. 8447* (NY), Gentry et al. 61415 (MO!)
Mimosa ingoides Rich.
Mimosa ingoides Rich. = Inga ingoides (Rich.) Willd.
Reference: FP 21: 25; León, J., 1966: 342.
Mimosa insidiosa Mart.

Mimosa insidiosa Mart.
Mimosa insidiosa Mart. var.insidiosa
Mimosa insidiosa Mart. var. insidiosa
Synonyms: Mimosa insidiosa insidiosa Benth.

Mimosa invisa Mart.
Mimosa invisa Mart. = Mimosa diplotricha C. Wright ex Sauvalle var. diplotricha
Mimosa julibrissin (Durazz.) Scop.
Mimosa julibrissin (Durazz.) Scop. = Albizia julibrissin Durazz.
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1928: 44.
Mimosa juliflora Sw.
Mimosa juliflora Sw. = Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. var. juliflora
Reference: Burkart, A., 1976: 499.
Mimosa latifolia L.
Mimosa latifolia L. = Zygia latifolia (L.) Fawc. & Rendle

$
Mimosa laurina Sw.
Mimosa laurina Sw. = Inga laurina (Sw.) Willd.
Reference: León, J., 1966: 283; Sousa S., M., 1993: 250.
Mimosa lebbeck L.
Mimosa lebbeck L. = Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.
Mimosa leucocephala Lam.
Mimosa leucocephala Lam. = Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit
Mimosa longicaulis Ducke
Mimosa longicaulis Ducke = Mimosa myriadenia var. egena J.F. Macbr.
Mimosa macroloba (Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa macroloba (Willd.) Poir. = Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze
Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 313.
$
Mimosa micracantha Benth.
Mimosa micracantha Benth. = Mimosa rufescens var. amnis-nigri Barneby

Note: NN
Mimosa mollissima (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa mollissima (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir. = Calliandra mollissima (Humb. &
Bonpl. ex Willd.) Benth.
Mimosa montana Kunth
Mimosa montana Kunth
Mimosa montana Kunth var.montana
Mimosa montana Kunth var. montana
Synonyms: Mimosa montana montana Humb. ex Sprengel

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, dry valleys, rocky slopes.
2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), López & Sagástegui 7396
(NY)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca.
Mimosa montana var.sandemanii Barneby
Mimosa montana var. sandemanii Barneby

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: dry valleys. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Sandeman 4277* (F), López et al. 8906 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.
Mimosa myriadenia (Benth.) Benth.
Mimosa myriadenia (Benth.) Benth.
Mimosa myriadenia (Benth.) Benth. var.myriadenia
Mimosa myriadenia (Benth.) Benth. var. myriadenia
Synonyms: Mimosa myriadenia myriadenia Benth., Mimosa myriadenia myriadenia Steud.

Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Piura, Ucayali.
Mimosa myriadenia var.desquamata Barneby
Mimosa myriadenia var. desquamata Barneby

Voucher: Tessmann 4424* (NY), Ancuash 1025 (MO!)
Mimosa myriadenia var.dispersa Barneby
Mimosa myriadenia var. dispersa Barneby

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Ucayali.
$
Mimosa myriadenia var.egena J.F. Macbr.
Mimosa myriadenia var. egena J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Mimosa myriadenia egena Ducke

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 68* (F), Klug 775 (F)
Mimosa myriadenia var.punctulata (Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby
Mimosa myriadenia var. punctulata (Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby
Synonyms: Mimosa myriadenia punctulata Spruce ex Benth.

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white sand. 0-
500 m.
Voucher: Vásquez & Valderrama 1370 (MO!)
Mimosa natans L. f.
Mimosa natans L. f. = Neptunia natans (L. f.) Druce
Reference: FP 21: 108; Windler, D. R., 1966: 401.
Mimosa nothacacia Barneby
Mimosa nothacacia Barneby

Ecology: Endemic treelet. Andean I: shrublands. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3438* (MO!)
Departments: Piura.
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Mimosa pallida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa pallida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir. = Prosopis pallida (Humboldt &
Bonpland ex Willdenow) Kunth
Mimosa paniculata (Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa paniculata (Willd.) Poir. = Acacia tenuifolia (L.) Willd.
Reference: Silva, A. S. L. da, 1990: 205; Grimes, J. W., 1992: 267; Seigler, pers.
comm..
Mimosa pectinata Kunth
Mimosa pectinata Kunth = Mimosa pectinatipinna Burkart

Note: nom. illeg., not M. pectinata (Willdenow) Poiret.
Mimosa pectinatipinna Burkart
Mimosa pectinatipinna Burkart
Synonyms: Mimosa pectinatipinna Kunth

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: dry valleys, shrublands. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3750* (P-H&B), Ferreyra 13658 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Piura.
Mimosa pellita Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Mimosa pellita Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Mimosa pellita Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. var.pellita
Mimosa pellita Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. var. pellita

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, riversides,
Note: Material of this taxon was cited under M. pigra sensu J. F. Macbride non L.
in the Flora of Peru.
Departments: La Libertad, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Mimosa pigra L.
Mimosa pigra L.

Mimosa pilosula Rich.
Mimosa pilosula Rich. = Inga pilosula (Rich.) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: FP 21: 41; León, J., 1966: 314.
Mimosa plena L.
Mimosa plena L. = Neptunia plena (L.) Benth.
Reference: Windler, D. R., 1966: 398; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 145; McVaugh, R., 1987:
227.
$
Mimosa polycarpa Kunth
Mimosa polycarpa Kunth
Mimosa polycarpa Kunth var.polycarpa
Mimosa polycarpa Kunth var. polycarpa

Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 2000-2500
m.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Ferreyra 8425 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Junín.
Mimosa polycarpa var.redundans Barneby
Mimosa polycarpa var. redundans Barneby

Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Sánchez 1682* (NY), Sagástegui 14053 (MO!)
Mimosa polydactyla Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Mimosa polydactyla Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

Ecology: Native herb, shrub, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally
Mimosa polystachya L.
Mimosa polystachya L. = Entada polystachya (L.) DC.

Note: NN
Mimosa portoricensis Jacq.
Mimosa portoricensis Jacq. = Zapoteca portoricensis var. portoricensis
Reference: FP 21: 72; Hernández, H. M., 1989: 818.
Mimosa pudica L.
Mimosa pudica L.
Mimosa pudica L. var.pudica
Mimosa pudica L. var. pudica

Note: Not known from Peru. Barneby (1991) restricts the application of var.
pudica to the single sterile type specimen from Brazil (unidentifiable to his three
other varieties), deposited in the Hb. Cliffortianus (BM).
Mimosa pudica var.hispida Brenan
Mimosa pudica var. hispida Brenan

Ecology: Introduced subshrub, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Knapp et al. 7261 (MO!)
$
Mimosa pudica var.tetrandra (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) DC.
Mimosa pudica var. tetrandra (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) DC.
Synonyms: Mimosa pudica tetrandra Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd., Mimosa pudica tetrandra
Kunth
Mimosa pulcherrima (Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa pulcherrima (Willd.) Poir. = Stryphnodendron pulcherrimum (Willd.)

Hochreutiner
Reference: Martins, E. M. O., 1981: 72.
Mimosa punctulata Spruce ex Benth.
Mimosa punctulata Spruce ex Benth. = Mimosa myriadenia var. punctulata (Spruce ex

Benth.) Barneby
Mimosa quadrivalvis L.
Mimosa quadrivalvis L.
Mimosa quadrivalvis var.leptocarpa (DC.) Barneby
Mimosa quadrivalvis var. leptocarpa (DC.) Barneby
Synonyms: Mimosa quadrivalvis leptocarpa (DC.) Standl., Mimosa quadrivalvis

leptocarpa DC.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian: forests, disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 1291 (F)
Mimosa quassiifolia (Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa quassiifolia (Willd.) Poir. = Inga pilosula (Rich.) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: León, J., 1966: 314.
Mimosa retrorsa Benth.
Mimosa retrorsa Benth. = Mimosa insidiosa Mart. var. insidiosa

Note: NN
Mimosa revoluta (Kunth) Benth.
Mimosa revoluta (Kunth) Benth.
Synonyms: Mimosa revoluta Benth., Mimosa revoluta Benth., Mimosa revoluta Kunth
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: riversides, rocky slopes. 1500-3000 m.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3694* (P-H&B), Ferreyra 9945 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Junín, La Libertad.
Mimosa rufescens Benth.
Mimosa rufescens Benth.
Mimosa rufescens Benth. var.rufescens

Mimosa rufescens Benth. var. rufescens

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
Mimosa rufescens var.amnis-nigri Barneby
Mimosa rufescens var. amnis-nigri Barneby
Synonyms: Mimosa rufescens amnis-nigri Benth.

Mimosa sagotiana Benth.
Mimosa sagotiana Benth. = Mimosa schrankioides var. sagotiana (Benth.) Barneby
Mimosa saman Jacq.
Mimosa saman Jacq. = Albizia saman (Jacq.) F. Muell.
Reference: FP 21: 61; Rico, pers. comm..
Mimosa schrankioides Benth.
Mimosa schrankioides Benth.
Mimosa schrankioides var. glabra Sagot ex Benth.

Mimosa schrankioides var. glabra Sagot ex Benth. = Mimosa schrankioides var.
sagotiana (Benth.) Barneby
Mimosa schrankioides var.sagotiana (Benth.) Barneby
Mimosa schrankioides var. sagotiana (Benth.) Barneby
Synonyms: Mimosa schrankioides sagotiana Benth., Mimosa schrankioides var.

sagotiana Sagot ex Benth.
Mimosa semialata Vell.
Mimosa semialata Vell. = Inga semialata (Vell.) Mart.
Reference: Sousa S., M., 1993: 259.
Mimosa sensitiva L.
Mimosa sensitiva L.

Mimosa somnians Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Mimosa somnians Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.

$
Mimosa soratensis Benth.
Mimosa soratensis Benth. = Mimosa revoluta (Kunth) Benth.
Mimosa strigosa Willd.
Mimosa strigosa Willd. = Mimosa albida Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. var. albida
Mimosa strombulifera Lam.
Mimosa strombulifera Lam. = Prosopis strombulifera (Lam.) Benth. var. strombulifera
Mimosa tarda Barneby
Mimosa tarda Barneby

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides, swamps. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Schunke 8160* (MO!), Killip & Smith 26680 (NY)
Mimosa tenuifolia L.
Mimosa tenuifolia L. = Acacia tenuifolia (L.) Willd.
Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 272; McVaugh, R., 1987: 138; Seigler, pers. comm..
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Mimosa tessmannii Harms
Mimosa tessmannii Harms = Piptadenia uaupensis Spruce ex Benth.
Mimosa tetrandra Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Mimosa tetrandra Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. = Mimosa pudica var. tetrandra (Humb. &
Bonpl. ex Willd.) DC.
Mimosa trapezifolia Vahl
Mimosa trapezifolia Vahl = Abarema jupunba (Willd.) Britton & Killip
Mimosa trichodes Jacq.
Mimosa trichodes Jacq. = Leucaena trichodes (Jacq.) Benth.
Mimosa umbellifera Vahl
Mimosa umbellifera Vahl = Inga umbellifera (Vahl) Steud.
Reference: Sousa S., M., 1993: 265.
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Mimosa velloziana Mart.
Mimosa velloziana Mart.

Ecology: Introduced shrub, liana. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Note: Peru voucher not cited by Barneby (1991).
Departments: Lima.
Mimosa velutina (Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa velutina (Willd.) Poir. = Inga velutina Willd.
Mimosa virgata L.
Mimosa virgata L. = Desmanthus virgatus (L.) Willd.
Reference: FP 21: 98; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 49; Luckow, M. A., 1989: 389.
Mimosa weberbaueri Harms
Mimosa weberbaueri Harms
Synonyms: Mimosa weberbaueri J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic liana, shrub. Andean II: forests. 1500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4321* (B photo F!), López et al. 8316 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, La Libertad.
Mimosa willdenowii Poir.
Mimosa willdenowii Poir. = Mimosa albida var. willdenowii (Poir.) Rudd

Mimosa williamsii Rusby
Mimosa williamsii Rusby

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: shrublands. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26433 (NY)
Departments: Pasco.
Mimosa xerophytica Schery
Mimosa xerophytica Schery = Mimosa caduca (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir.
Mimosa xinguensis Ducke
Mimosa xinguensis Ducke = Mimosa annularis var. xinguensis (Ducke) Barneby
Reference: FP 21: 96; Ducke, A., 1949: 57; Barneby, R. C., 1991: 36.
Mimulus andicolus Kunth
Mimulus andicolus Kunth = Mimulus glabratus Kunth
Mimulus glabratus Kunth

Mimulus glabratus Kunth
Synonyms: Mimulus glabratus Kunth, Mimulus glabratus Lindl., Mimulus glabratus

Lindl., Mimulus glabratus Phil., Mimulus glabratus Phil., Mimulus glabratus Phil.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: riversides. 1000-4500 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 223 (MOL!)
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Junín, Pasco, Puno.
Mimulus kingii Phil.
Mimulus kingii Phil. = Mimulus glabratus Kunth
Mimulus luteus var. micranthus Phil.
Mimulus luteus var. micranthus Phil. = Mimulus glabratus Kunth
Mimulus parviflorus Lindl.
Mimulus parviflorus Lindl. = Mimulus glabratus Kunth
Mimulus perfoliatus Kunth
Mimulus perfoliatus Kunth = Leucocarpus perfoliatus (Kunth) Benth.
Mimulus propinquus Lindl.

Mimulus propinquus Lindl. = Mimulus glabratus Kunth
Mimulus tener Phil.
Mimulus tener Phil. = Mimulus glabratus Kunth
Mimusops amazonica Huber
Mimusops amazonica Huber = Manilkara bidentata subsp. surinamensis (Miq.) T.D.

Penn.
Mimusops bidentata A. DC.
Mimusops bidentata A. DC. = Manilkara bidentata (A. DC.) A. Chev. subsp. bidentata
Mimusops inundata Ducke
Mimusops inundata Ducke = Manilkara inundata (Ducke) Ducke
Mimusops maparajuba Huber
Mimusops maparajuba Huber = Manilkara bidentata subsp. surinamensis (Miq.) T.D.

Penn.
Mimusops surinamensis Miq.
Mimusops surinamensis Miq. = Manilkara bidentata subsp. surinamensis (Miq.) T.D.

Penn.
Minquartia guianensis Aubl.
Minquartia guianensis Aubl.
Synonyms: Minquartia guianensis (Radlk.) Sleumer, Minquartia guianensis Ducke,

Minquartia guianensis Radlk.
Reference: Sleumer, H. , 1984: 39.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand. 0-1500 m.
Martín, Ucayali.
Minquartia macrophylla Ducke
Minquartia macrophylla Ducke = Minquartia guianensis Aubl.
Reference: FP 2169: 1131; Sleumer, H. , 1984: 39.
Minquartia punctata (Radlk.) Sleumer
Minquartia punctata (Radlk.) Sleumer = Minquartia guianensis Aubl.
Reference: FP 2169: 1131; Sleumer, H. , 1984: 39.
$
Minthostachys andina (Britton ex Rusby) Epling
Minthostachys andina (Britton ex Rusby) Epling
Synonyms: Minthostachys andina Britton ex Rusby

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, shrublands. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Herrera 1996 (F)
Departments: Cuzco.
Minthostachys glabrescens (Bentham) Epling
Minthostachys glabrescens (Bentham) Epling
Synonyms: Minthostachys glabrescens Benth.

Reference: Epling, C., 1936: 165.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Hartweg 807* (K), Núñez 7610 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Junín.
Minthostachys mandoniana (Briquet) Epling
Minthostachys mandoniana (Briquet) Epling
Synonyms: Minthostachys mandoniana Briq.

Minthostachys mollis Griseb.
Minthostachys mollis Griseb.
Synonyms: Minthostachys mollis Kunth

Reference: Epling, C., 1936: 165.
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, rocky slopes,
Departments: Amazonas, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín,
Lima, La Libertad, Piura.
Minthostachys salicifolia Epling
Minthostachys salicifolia Epling

Minthostachys setosa (Briquet) Epling
Minthostachys setosa (Briquet) Epling
Synonyms: Minthostachys setosa Briq.

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 1000-3500 m.
Departments: Puno.
Minthostachys spicata (Bentham) Epling
Minthostachys spicata (Bentham) Epling
Synonyms: Minthostachys spicata Benth.

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K), Brunel 2005 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Lima.
Minthostachys tomentosa (Benth.) Epling

Minthostachys tomentosa (Benth.) Epling
Synonyms: Minthostachys tomentosa Benth., Minthostachys tomentosa Benth.,

Minthostachys tomentosa Briq.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes,
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Sagástegui et al. 9002 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, La
Libertad.
Mirabilis arenaria Heimerl
Mirabilis arenaria Heimerl = Mirabilis elegans (Choisy) Heimerl
Mirabilis campanulata Heimerl
Mirabilis campanulata Heimerl
Synonyms: Mirabilis campanulata Standl.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3198* (B photo F!), Sullivan 841 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Lima.
Mirabilis dichotoma L.
Mirabilis dichotoma L. = Mirabilis jalapa L.
Mirabilis elegans (Choisy) Heimerl
Mirabilis elegans (Choisy) Heimerl

Synonyms: Mirabilis elegans (Choisy) Kuntze, Mirabilis elegans (Heimerl) Standl.,
Mirabilis elegans Choisy, Mirabilis elegans Heimerl
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II, Coastal: desert, rocky slopes. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1521 (B photo F!)
Departments: Arequipa, Tacna.
Mirabilis expansa (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.
Mirabilis expansa (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.
Synonyms: Mirabilis expansa (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Mirabilis expansa (Ruiz & Pav.)
Vahl, Mirabilis expansa Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón 12-57* (MA photo F!), Pennell 13624
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Lima.
Mirabilis intercedens Heimerl
Mirabilis intercedens Heimerl

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5270* (B photo F!), Weberbauer 7435
Departments: Lima, Tacna.
Mirabilis jalapa L.
Mirabilis jalapa L.
Synonyms: Mirabilis jalapa L., Mirabilis jalapa L.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, San Martín.
$
Mirabilis odorata L.
Mirabilis odorata L. = Mirabilis jalapa L.
Mirabilis ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meigen
Mirabilis ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meigen
Synonyms: Mirabilis ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl., Mirabilis ovata (Ruiz & Pav.)
Vahl, Mirabilis ovata Griseb., Mirabilis ovata Kuntze, Mirabilis ovata Ruiz & Pav.,
Mirabilis ovata Steud.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!)
Departments: Lima.
Mirabilis prostrata (Ruiz & Pav.) Heimerl
Mirabilis prostrata (Ruiz & Pav.) Heimerl
Synonyms: Mirabilis prostrata (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl, Mirabilis prostrata Choisy,
Mirabilis prostrata Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology. 0-4000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G photo F!), Sagástegui 9178 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Junín, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad,
Piura, Tumbes.
Mirabilis violacea (L.) Heimerl
Mirabilis violacea (L.) Heimerl
Synonyms: Mirabilis violacea L.
$
Mirabilis viscosa Cav.
Mirabilis viscosa Cav.
Synonyms: Mirabilis viscosa (Cav.) Kuntze, Mirabilis viscosa (Cav.) L'Her. ex

Choisy, Mirabilis viscosa (Cav.) Pers., Mirabilis viscosa (Cav.) Ruiz & Pav.,
Mirabilis viscosa (Cav.) Turra ex Steud., Mirabilis viscosa Salisb.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes.
0-3000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón 12-60* (MA), López 8001 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Ica, La Libertad, Lima,
Piura.
Mirabilis weberbaueri Heimerl
Mirabilis weberbaueri Heimerl

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Misandra juncea (Ruiz & Pav.) F. Dietr.
Misandra juncea (Ruiz & Pav.) F. Dietr. = Tillandsia juncea (Ruiz & Pav.) Poir.
Misandra strobilantha Dietr. ex Roem. & Schult.
Misandra strobilantha Dietr. ex Roem. & Schult. = Guzmania strobilantha (Ruiz &
Pav.) Mez
$
Mitchella pilosa Benth.
Mitchella pilosa Benth. = Leptostigma pilosum (Benth.) Fosberg
Reference: FP 1365: 241; Fosberg, F. R., 1982: 79.

Note: NN
Mitostigma parviflorum Malme
Mitostigma parviflorum Malme
Synonyms: Mitostigma parviflorum (Malme) Malme

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Mitracarpus frigidus (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Schumann
Mitracarpus frigidus (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Schumann
Mitracarpus frigidus var.frigidus
Mitracarpus frigidus var. frigidus
Synonyms: Mitracarpus frigidus frigidus Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 243; Steyermark, J. A., 1972: 778.
Mitracarpus frigidus var.peruvianus Steyerm.
Mitracarpus frigidus var. peruvianus Steyerm.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, riversides. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Evinger 513* (NY), Dillon et al. 2881 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, San Martín.
Mitracarpus hirtus (L.) DC.
Mitracarpus hirtus (L.) DC. = Spermacoce hirta L.

Note: NN
Mitracarpus villosus (Sw.) Cham. & Schltdl.
Mitracarpus villosus (Sw.) Cham. & Schltdl.
Synonyms: Mitracarpus villosus Sw.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, rocky
slopes. 0-2500 m.
Note: In the Flora of Peru treated as M. hirtus.
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Puno, San Martín, Tumbes.
Mitreola petiolata (J.F. Gmel.) Torr. & A. Gray
Mitreola petiolata (J.F. Gmel.) Torr. & A. Gray
Synonyms: Mitreola petiolata (L.) Britton, Mitreola petiolata J.F. Gmel., Mitreola
petiolata L.
Reference: Heine, H., 1969: 251.
Note: Probably an introduced weed.
Voucher: Ancuash 710 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Junín, Loreto.
Mnasium paludosum (Aubl.) Willd.
Mnasium paludosum (Aubl.) Willd. = Rapatea paludosa Aubl.

Reference: Maguire, B., 1965: 92.
Mnasium sphaerocephala Rudge
Mnasium sphaerocephala Rudge = Thurnia sphaerocephala (Rudge) Hook. f.
Note: NN
Mnesithea granularis (L.) de Koning & Sosef
Mnesithea granularis (L.) de Koning & Sosef = Hackelochloa granularis (L.) Kuntze
Reference: Judziewicz, E. J., 1990[1991]: 251.
Mniodes andina (A. Gray) A. Gray ex Hook. f. & A.B. Jacks.
Mniodes andina (A. Gray) A. Gray ex Hook. f. & A.B. Jacks.
Synonyms: Mniodes andina A. Gray

Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean III: shrublands. 4000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Wilkes Exped. s.n.* (GH), Dillon & Turner 1479 (F, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Junín.
Mniodes aretioides (Sch. Bip.) Cuatrec.
Mniodes aretioides (Sch. Bip.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Mniodes aretioides (Sch. Bip.) A. Gray, Mniodes aretioides (Sch. Bip.)
Wedd., Mniodes aretioides Sch. Bip.
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean III: shrublands. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Lechler 1823* (F!), Dillon et al. 1083 (F)
$
Mniodes cerratei Ferreyra
Mniodes cerratei Ferreyra = Belloa schultzii (Wedd.) Cabrera
Reference: FP 27926: 16; Sagástegui-Alva, A. & M. O. Dillon, 1985: 396.
Mniodes coarctata Cuatrec.
Mniodes coarctata Cuatrec.

Ecology. 4000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Koford 25* (F), Iltis & Ugent 1486 (USM, MO)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Lima.
Mniodes ferreyrae Cuatrec.
Mniodes ferreyrae Cuatrec. = Mniodes pulvinata Cuatrec.
Mniodes pulvinata Cuatrec.
Mniodes pulvinata Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Mniodes pulvinata Cuatrec.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 2460* (F), Smith et al. 9456 (F)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.
Mniodes tunariensis (Kuntze) Hieron. ex Weberb.

Mniodes tunariensis (Kuntze) Hieron. ex Weberb. = Novenia acaulis (Wedd. ex Benth.)
Freire & Hellwig
Modiola caroliniana (L.) G. Don
Modiola caroliniana (L.) G. Don
Synonyms: Modiola caroliniana L.

80.
Modiola malvifolia Griseb.
Modiola malvifolia Griseb. = Modiolastrum malvifolium (Griseb.) K. Schmann
Reference: FP 1302: 505; Hochreutiner, B. P. G., 1917: 124; Krapovickas, pers.

comm..
Note: NN
Modiolastrum malvifolium (Griseb.) K. Schmann
Modiolastrum malvifolium (Griseb.) K. Schmann
Synonyms: Modiolastrum malvifolium Griseb.

Reference: Hochreutiner, B. P. G., 1917: 124; Krapovickas, pers. comm..
Modiolastrum sandemannii (Sandwith) Hill & Fryxell
Modiolastrum sandemannii (Sandwith) Hill & Fryxell = ?
Reference: Hill, S. R. & P. A. Fryxell, 1980: 484.

$
Moeroris stipulata Raf.
Moeroris stipulata Raf. = Phyllanthus stipulatus (Raf.) G.L. Webster
Reference: Webster, G. L., 1955: 53.
Mogiphanes brasiliensis (Jacq.) Mart.
Mogiphanes brasiliensis (Jacq.) Mart. = Alternanthera brasiliana var. brasiliana
Mogiphanes jacquini Schrader
Mogiphanes jacquini Schrader = Alternanthera brasiliana var. brasiliana
Reference: FP 1255: 496; Mears, J., 1977: 12.
Mogiphanes paniculata Rusby
Mogiphanes paniculata Rusby = Alternanthera porrigens (Jacq.) Kuntze var. porrigens
Mogiphanes ramosissima Mart.
Mogiphanes ramosissima Mart. = Alternanthera brasiliana var. villosa (Moquin)

Kuntze
$
Mogiphanes soratensis Rusby
Mogiphanes soratensis Rusby = Alternanthera mexicana (Schltdl.) Hieron.
Mogiphanes straminea Mart.
Mogiphanes straminea Mart. = Alternanthera brasiliana var. brasiliana
Mohlana meziana H. Walter
Mohlana meziana H. Walter = Hilleria secunda (Ruiz & Pav.) H. Walter
Reference: FP 1261: 552; Nowicke, J. W., 1969: 341.
Molina caespitosa Ruiz & Pav.
Molina caespitosa Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis caespitosa var. caespitosa
Molina corymbosa Ruiz & Pav.
Molina corymbosa Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Molina dependens Ruiz & Pav.

Molina dependens Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis dependens (R. & P.) Pers.
Molina emarginata Ruiz & Pav.
Molina emarginata Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis emarginata (R. & P.) Pers.
Molina ferruginea Ruiz & Pav.
Molina ferruginea Ruiz & Pav. = Loricaria ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) Wedd.
Molina incana Ruiz & Pav.
Molina incana Ruiz & Pav. = Loricaria thuyoides (Lam.) Sch. Bip. var. thuyoides
Molina latifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Molina latifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 15; Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 201.
Molina nitida Ruiz & Pav.
Molina nitida Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis nitida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Reference: Cuatrecasas, J., 1967: 15; Cuatrecasas, J., 1968: 225.
Molina oblongifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Molina oblongifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis oblongifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Molina obovata Ruiz & Pav.
Molina obovata Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis chilco Kunth
Molina parviflora Ruiz & Pav.
Molina parviflora Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Molina prostrata Ruiz & Pav.
Molina prostrata Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis tricuneata var. ruiziana Cuatrec.
Molina salicifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Molina salicifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Molina scabra Ruiz & Pav.
Molina scabra Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis scabra (R. & P.) Pers.
Molina scandens Ruiz & Pav.

Molina scandens Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis scandens (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Molina striata Ruiz & Pav.
Molina striata Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Molina tomentosa Ruiz & Pav.
Molina tomentosa Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis tomentosa (Ruiz & Pavon) Pers.
Molina uniflora Ruiz & Pav.
Molina uniflora Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis uniflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Molina venosa Ruiz & Pav.
Molina venosa Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis genistelloides (Lam.) Pers.
Molina viscosa Ruiz & Pav.
Molina viscosa Ruiz & Pav. = Baccharis salicifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Mollia gracilis Spruce ex Benth.
Mollia gracilis Spruce ex Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1301: 428; Meijer, W., 1978: 74.

Mollia stellaris Meijer
Mollia stellaris Meijer = Mollia ulei Burret
Reference: Meijer, W., 1978: 72.
Mollia williamsii Baehni
Mollia williamsii Baehni
Reference: Flora Peru: 1301: 429; Meijer, W., 1978: 81.

Note: Meijer (in herbarium) wavers between recognizing this as a distinct species
and lumping it with M. lepidota, and it is impossible to tell from annotations
where he currently stands. Meijer (1978) treated M. williamsii as an
"insufficiently known species". Certainly that is no longer the case, as there are
now many specimens from the Iquitos region. Since there are clearly at least two
distinct species presently included in this complex, and as the Peruvian material
all represents just one of these, I opt to continue using the name M. williamsii,
which refers unambiguously to the entity occurring in Peru.
Voucher: Williams 1160* (F), McDaniel & Rimachi 20425 (MO!)
Mollinedia casca J.F. Macbr.

Mollinedia casca J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Mollinedia caudata J.F. Macbr.
Mollinedia caudata J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 608: 786; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de
Ortega, 1989: 175.
Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Killip 26562* (F), Asunción 253 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto.
Mollinedia grandifolia Perkins
Mollinedia grandifolia Perkins
Reference: Flora Peru: 608: 787; Peixoto, A. L., 1979: 177.

Ecology: shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, seasonally inundated areas.
0-2000 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 4581* (B photo F!), Schunke 7037 (MO!)
Mollinedia grosseserrata Perkins
Mollinedia grosseserrata Perkins

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Lobb s.n.* (B photo F!), Williams 857 (F)
Mollinedia killipii J.F. Macbr.

Mollinedia killipii J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 29751* (US), Vásquez 2924 (MO)
Mollinedia krukovii A.C. Sm.
Mollinedia krukovii A.C. Sm.

Mollinedia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.
Mollinedia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.

Note: May be a form of Mollinedia grandifolia.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Foster 7301 (MO!)
Mollinedia latifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) Tul.
Mollinedia latifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) Tul.
Synonyms: Mollinedia latifolia Poepp. & Endl.

Ecology: Native shrub, treelet, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2216* (B photo F!), Gentry 25744 (MO)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San
Martín.
$
Mollinedia ovata Ruiz & Pav.
Mollinedia ovata Ruiz & Pav.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Vásquez 3080 (MO!)
Martín, Ucayali.
Mollinedia pulcherrima Sleumer
Mollinedia pulcherrima Sleumer

Ecology: Native tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-3000 m.
Note: This name may include more than one species.
Voucher: Raimondi s.n.* , Smith 5626A (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Pasco.
Mollinedia racemosa (Schltdl.) Tul.
Mollinedia racemosa (Schltdl.) Tul.
Synonyms: Mollinedia racemosa Poepp. & Endl., Mollinedia racemosa Schltdl.

Ecology. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1577* (B photo F), Gentry 45718 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno,
San Martín.
Mollinedia repanda Ruiz & Pav.
Mollinedia repanda Ruiz & Pav.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Foster 7240 (MO!)
Mollinedia rusbyana Perkins
Mollinedia rusbyana Perkins
Reference: Perkins, J. R., 1900: 682.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Mollinedia simulans J.F. Macbr.
Mollinedia simulans J.F. Macbr.

Note: Klugg 2226, the other specimen cited in the Flora of Peru under this species,
is a Siparuna.
Mollinedia tessmannii Perkins
Mollinedia tessmannii Perkins

Ecology: Endemic tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 3364* (B photo F!), Smith 4632 (MO!)
Mollugo cerviana var.cerviana

Mollugo cerviana var. cerviana
Synonyms: Mollugo cerviana cerviana L.
Mollugo radiata Ruiz & Pav.
Mollugo radiata Ruiz & Pav. = Glinus radiatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Rohrb.

Note: NN
Mollugo snodgrassii Robinson
Mollugo snodgrassii Robinson
Mollugo verticillata L.
Mollugo verticillata L.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I, Coastal: beach, lomas, rocky slopes. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura,
Tumbes.
Momisia brevifolia Klotzsch
Momisia brevifolia Klotzsch = Celtis pubescens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Sprengel
Momisia crenata Wedd.

Momisia crenata Wedd. = Celtis pubescens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Sprengel
Momisia dichotoma Klotzsch
Momisia dichotoma Klotzsch = Celtis dichotoma (Klotzsch) Miq.
Momisia flexuosa Wedd.
Momisia flexuosa Wedd. = Celtis pubescens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Sprengel
Momisia triflora Klotzsch
Momisia triflora Klotzsch = Celtis triflora (Klotzsch) Miq.
Momordica balsamina L.
Momordica balsamina L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 366; Jeffrey, C., 1978: 376.

Ecology: Introduced vine. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Spruce 6461 (K!)
Departments: Piura.
$
Momordica brachybotrys Poepp. & Endl.
Momordica brachybotrys Poepp. & Endl. = Cyclanthera brachybotrys (Poepp. & Endl.)
Cogn.
Reference: FP 1379: 369; Jones, C. E., 1969: 159.
Momordica charantia L.
Momordica charantia L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1379: 366; Jeffrey, C., 1984: 489.

Ecology: Cultivated vine. Amazonian, Coastal: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated
areas, semi-deciduous forests, shrublands, swamps. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, La Libertad, Loreto, San Martín, Tumbes.
Momordica cylindrica L.
Momordica cylindrica L. = Luffa cylindrica (L.) M. Roem.
Momordica lanata Thunb.
Momordica lanata Thunb. = Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai
Momordica macropoda Poepp. & Endl.
Momordica macropoda Poepp. & Endl. = Elateriopsis macropoda Cogn.
Reference: Martinez C., R., 1957: 231.
$
Momordica operculata L.
Momordica operculata L. = Luffa operculata (L.) Cogn. in Mart.
Reference: FP 1379: 365; Heiser Jr., C. B., E. E. Schilling & B. Dutt, 1988: 138.
Momordica pedata L.
Momordica pedata L. = Cyclanthera pedata (L.) Schrad.
Reference: Jones, C. E., 1969: 73.
Momordica racemosa Steud.
Momordica racemosa Steud. = Echinopepon racemosus (Steud.) C. Jeffrey
Monactineirma coriacea (Juss.) Bory
Monactineirma coriacea (Juss.) Bory = Passiflora coriacea Juss.
Monactineirma suberosa (L.) Bory
Monactineirma suberosa (L.) Bory = Passiflora suberosa L.
Monactis flaveriae DC.

Monactis flaveriae DC. = Monactis flaverioides Kunth
Monactis flaverioides Kunth
Monactis flaverioides Kunth
Synonyms: Monactis flaverioides DC.

Ecology. 0-3000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura.
Monactis hieronymi H. Rob.
Monactis hieronymi H. Rob.
Synonyms: Monactis hieronymi (Hieron.) S.F. Blake, Monactis hieronymi Hieron.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Jelski 698* (US!)
Monactis jelskii Hieron.
Monactis jelskii Hieron.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 3000-4500 m.
Voucher: Jelski 684* (US!), Mathews s.n. (GH)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad.
Monactis macbridei H. Rob.

Monactis macbridei H. Rob.

Ecology. 2500-4000 m.
Monactis rhombifolia Sagast. & Dillon
Monactis rhombifolia Sagast. & Dillon
Reference: Sagástegui-Alva, A., 1986: 5.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: riversides, rocky slopes, seasonally
Voucher: Sánchez 979* (HUT, F), Plowman et al. 14262 (F!)
Monactis wurdackii H. Rob.
Monactis wurdackii H. Rob.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 452* (US!), Hutchison & Wright (NY)
Monandrodendron klugii Mansf.
Monandrodendron klugii Mansf. = Lozania klugii (Mansf.) Mansf.
Monandrodendron peruvianum Mansf.

Monandrodendron peruvianum Mansf. = Lozania mutisiana Schult.
Monandrodendron schultzei Mansf.
Monandrodendron schultzei Mansf. = Lozania mutisiana Schult.
Moniera africana Pers.
Moniera africana Pers. = Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell
Moniera brownei Pers.
Moniera brownei Pers. = Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell
Moniera dianthera (Sw.) Millsp.
Moniera dianthera (Sw.) Millsp. = Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small
Moniera pedunculosa Pers.
Moniera pedunculosa Pers. = Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell

Monieria trifolia L.
Monieria trifolia L. = Ertela trifolia (L.) Kuntze
Reference: FP 655: 685; Gereau, R. E., 1990: 369.
Monnina acutifolia Chodat
Monnina acutifolia Chodat
Reference: Flora Peru: 670: 920; Ferreyra, R., 1946: 162.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22448* (F), Killip & Smith 23228 (US)
Monnina amarella Chodat
Monnina amarella Chodat
Reference: Flora Peru: 670: 920; Ferreyra, R., 1946: 133; Eriksen, B., 1993: 201.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Pennell 13629* (F), Soukup 2950 (MO)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín.
Monnina amplibracteata Ferreyra
Monnina amplibracteata Ferreyra

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 984* (USM), Ferreyra 4160 (USM)
$
Monnina andina Chodat
Monnina andina Chodat

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1146* (B photo US)
Departments: Puno.
Monnina angustifolia DC.
Monnina angustifolia DC. = Monnina pterocarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: FP 670: 942; Ferreyra, R., 1946: 132; Eriksen, B., 1993: 204.
Note: As "M. augustifolia" in the Flora of Peru.
Monnina arbuscula Chodat
Monnina arbuscula Chodat = Monnina vitis-idaea Chodat
Reference: FP 670: 947; Ferreyra, R., 1946: 146.
Monnina arenicola Ferreyra
Monnina arenicola Ferreyra = Monnina macrostachya Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina augustifolia DC.
Monnina augustifolia DC. = Monnina pterocarpa Ruiz & Pav.

$
Monnina callimorpha Chodat
Monnina callimorpha Chodat
Synonyms: Monnina callimorpha Chodat

Voucher: Weberbauer 2070* (B photo F), Smith & Canne 5829 (MO!)
Monnina calophylla Poepp.
Monnina calophylla Poepp. = Securidaca macrophylla (Benth.) Wurdack
Monnina canescens Ferreyra
Monnina canescens Ferreyra

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Pennell 14376* (US)
Departments: Lima.
Monnina chanduyensis Chodat
Monnina chanduyensis Chodat = Monnina pterocarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina clarkeana Chodat

Monnina clarkeana Chodat

Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Pasco.
Monnina conferta Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina conferta Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Monnina conferta DC.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: forests, grasslands, rocky slopes,
Voucher: Lagasca 56* (G-DEL photo US), Smith & Goodwin 8788
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Huancavelica,
Junín, Lambayeque, La Libertad.
Monnina confusa Ferreyra
Monnina confusa Ferreyra
Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1963: 2.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 1701* (US!, USM), Ferreyra & Acleto 15326 (USM)
Monnina connectisepala Chodat
Monnina connectisepala Chodat
Synonyms: Monnina connectisepala Chodat, Monnina connectisepala Chodat, hom. illeg.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Pennell 14095* (F), West 7071 (GH)
$
Monnina crotalarioides var. crotalarioides
Monnina crotalarioides var. crotalarioides = Monnina salicifolia Ruiz & Pav. var.
salicifolia
Monnina crotalarioides var. glabrescens Chodat
Monnina crotalarioides var. glabrescens Chodat = Monnina salicifolia Ruiz & Pav.
var. salicifolia
Monnina crotalarioides var. leptostachys Chodat
Monnina crotalarioides var. leptostachys Chodat = Monnina salicifolia Ruiz & Pav.
var. salicifolia
Monnina crotalarioides var. macrophylla Chodat
Monnina crotalarioides var. macrophylla Chodat = Monnina salicifolia Ruiz & Pav.
var. salicifolia
Monnina crotalarioides var. pseudoloxensis Chodat
Monnina crotalarioides var. pseudoloxensis Chodat = Monnina salicifolia Ruiz & Pav.
var. salicifolia

$
Monnina cyanea Chodat
Monnina cyanea Chodat

Ecology. 1500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 878* (B photo F), Metcalf 30480 (US)
Monnina decurrens Ferreyra
Monnina decurrens Ferreyra

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Monnina densecomata Chodat
Monnina densecomata Chodat

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean III: shrublands. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Pennell 13821* (F), Soukup 391 (F)
Departments: Cuzco.
Monnina divaristachya Ferreyra
Monnina divaristachya Ferreyra

Voucher: Killip & Smith 25778* (US), Killip & Smith 25427 (US)
$
Monnina ebracteata Ferreyra
Monnina ebracteata Ferreyra

Voucher: Friedberg 618* (USM)
Departments: Piura.
Monnina filifolia Chodat
Monnina filifolia Chodat
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6454* (F), Stork & Horton 10909 (F)
Monnina gaudroniana Ferreyra
Monnina gaudroniana Ferreyra

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Klug 3496* (USM)
Monnina glabrifolia Ferreyra
Monnina glabrifolia Ferreyra

Voucher: Metcalf 30661* (UC)
Departments: Puno.
Monnina graminea Chodat
Monnina graminea Chodat = Monnina herbacea DC.
Monnina herbacea DC.
Monnina herbacea DC.
Synonyms: Monnina herbacea Chodat

Note: The Flora of Peru cites "The type labels indicate Lima as origin of the
species, but here, as often for Dombey and Lagasca material, it was probably
collected in the Departments of Huanuco and Junin, between 2100 and 2800 meters."
Voucher: Lagasca 53* (G photo US), Hutchinson & Wright 3116 (F, MO)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Lambayeque, Lima, Pasco.
Monnina herrerae Ferreyra
Monnina herrerae Ferreyra

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5864* (GH, US)
Monnina hirtella Ferreyra

Monnina hirtella Ferreyra

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Klug 3337* (US), Williams 7105 (F)
Monnina huacachiana Chodat
Monnina huacachiana Chodat = Monnina pavoni Chodat
Monnina huallagensis Chodat
Monnina huallagensis Chodat
Monnina huallagensis var.huallagensis
Monnina huallagensis var. huallagensis

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6805* (F), Kanehira 290 (GH)
Monnina huallagensis var.pachyphylla Chodat
Monnina huallagensis var. pachyphylla Chodat

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 4786* (US)
$
Monnina killipii Chodat
Monnina killipii Chodat = Monnina callimorpha Chodat
Monnina lanceolata (Poir.) DC.
Monnina lanceolata (Poir.) DC. = Monnina macrostachya Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina laurifolia Chodat
Monnina laurifolia Chodat = Monnina marginata Presl
Monnina lechleriana Chodat
Monnina lechleriana Chodat

Voucher: Lechler 2072* (K)
Monnina leptostachya Benth.
Monnina leptostachya Benth.
Reference: Eriksen, B., 1993: 195.

Monnina ligustrifolia Kunth
Monnina ligustrifolia Kunth

Voucher: Bonpland 3491* (P frag. & photo US), Wurdack 459 (US)
Monnina longibracteata Chodat
Monnina longibracteata Chodat
Monnina longibracteata var.ainensis Chodat
Monnina longibracteata var. ainensis Chodat

Voucher: Killip & Smith 23188* (F)
Monnina longibracteata var.longibracteata
Monnina longibracteata var. longibracteata

Note: The type is without locality information. Amazonas is suggested in the Flora
of Peru.
Voucher: Mathews 2075* (E)
$
Monnina macbridei Chodat
Monnina macbridei Chodat
Ecology. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Pennell 13167* (F, USM), Solomon 2780 (MO!)
Monnina macrosepala Chodat
Monnina macrosepala Chodat
Monnina macrosepala var.latifolia Chodat
Monnina macrosepala var. latifolia Chodat

Monnina macrosepala var.macrosepala
Monnina macrosepala var. macrosepala

Voucher: Schunke 487* (F), Killip & Smith 24515 (US)
Monnina macrostachya Ruiz & Pav.

Monnina macrostachya Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Monnina macrostachya, Monnina macrostachya (Poir.) DC., Monnina

macrostachya A. Gray, Monnina macrostachya Chodat, Monnina macrostachya Chodat,
Monnina macrostachya Chodat, Monnina macrostachya Ferreyra, Monnina macrostachya
Poir.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-3500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Sagástegui et al. 6426 (MO, US)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Lima, La
Libertad, Moquegua.
Monnina macrostachya var. pumila A. Gray
Monnina macrostachya var. pumila A. Gray = Monnina macrostachya Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina marginata Presl
Monnina marginata Presl
Synonyms: Monnina marginata Chodat, Monnina marginata Chodat, Monnina marginata

Chodat, Monnina marginata Chodat
Ecology. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Ferreyra 1206 (USM)
Monnina mathusiana Chodat
Monnina mathusiana Chodat
Synonyms: Monnina mathusiana Chodat

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Note: Neither Macbride in preparation of# the Flora of Peru nor Ferreyra (1946)
saw any material of this species beyond the two cites photographs. Wurdack
identified two specimens, Mostacero 1684 & 1288, as cf. this name.
Voucher: Mathews 1190* (W photo F), Gentry 45215 (MO!)
Monnina membranifolia Ferreyra
Monnina membranifolia Ferreyra

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 700* (USM)
Departments: Lima.
Monnina menthoides Chodat
Monnina menthoides Chodat

Voucher: Weberbauer 7786* , Vargas 3772 (USM)
Departments: Cuzco.
Monnina myrtilloides DC.
Monnina myrtilloides DC. = Monnina conferta Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina nitida Chodat
Monnina nitida Chodat

Note: Listed as a doubtful species by Ferreyra (1946).
$
Monnina ovata Ferreyra
Monnina ovata Ferreyra

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 4493* (US)
Monnina pachycoma Chodat
Monnina pachycoma Chodat

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean III: shrublands. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Pennell 13834* (F), West 7036 (GH)
Departments: Cuzco.
Monnina paniculata Benth.
Monnina paniculata Benth.
Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1953: 209; Wurdack, pers. comm..

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Dillon et al. 4319 (US!)
Monnina pavoni Chodat
Monnina pavoni Chodat
Synonyms: Monnina pavoni Chodat

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G-DEL), Macbride 3622 (F)
Monnina peruviana Chodat
Monnina peruviana Chodat = Monnina marginata Presl
Monnina petiolaris Chodat
Monnina petiolaris Chodat = Monnina marginata Presl
Monnina petiolaris var. elliptica Chodat
Monnina petiolaris var. elliptica Chodat = Monnina marginata Presl
Monnina pilosa Kunth
Monnina pilosa Kunth
Monnina pilosa var.glabrescens Ferreyra
Monnina pilosa var. glabrescens Ferreyra

Voucher: Stork 11425* (GH), Ferreyra 3124 (USM)
Departments: Piura.
$
Monnina pilosa var.pilosa
Monnina pilosa var. pilosa

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: shrublands. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Bonpland 3490* (P frag. & photo F), Díaz & Baldeón 2404
(MO!)
Monnina piurensis Ferreyra
Monnina piurensis Ferreyra = Monnina pterocarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1990: 359; Eriksen, B., 1993: 204.
Monnina polygaloides Chodat
Monnina polygaloides Chodat

Note: Listed as a doubtful species by Ferreyra (1946). Known only from an
illustration of a pistil.
Monnina polygonoides Chodat
Monnina polygonoides Chodat
Voucher: Macbride 3181* (F), Hutchison & Wright 5144 (MO)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, La Libertad.
$
Monnina polystachya Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina polystachya Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G-DEL photo US), Macbride & Featherstone 1848
(F)
Monnina pseudo-polystachya Chodat
Monnina pseudo-polystachya Chodat

Monnina pseudo-salicifolia Ferreyra
Monnina pseudo-salicifolia Ferreyra

Ecology: Endemic tree, treelet. Andean II: elfin forests. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6055* (US), Smith 6095 (MO!)
Monnina pterocarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina pterocarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Monnina pterocarpa Chodat, Monnina pterocarpa Chodat, Monnina pterocarpa

DC., Monnina pterocarpa DC., Monnina pterocarpa Ferreyra
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: rocky slopes, savannas. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G-DEL photo US), Gentry et al. 19152 (MO)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Ica, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.
$
Monnina pterocarpa var. exauriculata Chodat
Monnina pterocarpa var. exauriculata Chodat = Monnina pterocarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina ramosa I.M. Johnst.
Monnina ramosa I.M. Johnst.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: desert. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Hinkley & Hinkley 13* (US), Rutten 1019 (U)
Monnina rugosa Chodat
Monnina rugosa Chodat

Note: Listed as a doubtful species by Ferreyra (1946). The name is based upon a
plant collected in Peru without other data.
Monnina ruiziana Chodat
Monnina ruiziana Chodat
Monnina ruiziana fo.longepetiolata Chodat
Monnina ruiziana fo. longepetiolata Chodat

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Note: No material seen by either Macbride, in preparation of Flora of Peru, or
Ferreyra (1946).
Monnina ruiziana fo.ruiziana
Monnina ruiziana fo. ruiziana

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3355* (B photo US)
Monnina salicifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina salicifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina salicifolia Ruiz & Pav. var.salicifolia
Monnina salicifolia Ruiz & Pav. var. salicifolia
Synonyms: Monnina salicifolia var. salicifolia, Monnina salicifolia var.

salicifolia Chodat, Monnina salicifolia var. salicifolia Chodat, Monnina
salicifolia var. salicifolia Chodat, Monnina salicifolia var. salicifolia Chodat
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, riversides,
rocky slopes, semi-deciduous forests, shrublands. 1500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Née s.n.* (P), Smith 5712 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco,
Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.
Monnina salicifolia var.pilostylis Ferreyra

Monnina salicifolia var. pilostylis Ferreyra

Voucher: Killip & Smith 21569* (F), Stork & Horton 10882 (F)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Lima.
Monnina sandemanii Ferreyra
Monnina sandemanii Ferreyra

Ecology. .
Voucher: Sandeman s.n.* (K), Wurdack 1350 (US!, USM!)
Monnina sanmarcosana Ferreyra
Monnina sanmarcosana Ferreyra

Voucher: Soukup 3857* (US), Díaz & Baldeón 2433 (MO!)
Monnina scandens Chodat
Monnina scandens Chodat = Monnina mathusiana Chodat
Monnina soukupiana Ferreyra

Monnina soukupiana Ferreyra

Ecology: Endemic shrub, herb. .
Voucher: Woytkowski 281* (USM)
Departments: Cuzco.
Monnina stipulata Chodat
Monnina stipulata Chodat

Voucher: Metcalf 30511 (US)
Departments: Puno.
Monnina stipulata var. tenuibracteata Chodat
Monnina stipulata var. tenuibracteata Chodat = Monnina connectisepala Chodat
Monnina tenuifolia Chodat, hom. illeg.
Monnina tenuifolia Chodat, hom. illeg. = Monnina connectisepala Chodat
Monnina tomentella Chodat
Monnina tomentella Chodat

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6139* (F), Mostacero 1288 (US!)
Departments: Piura.
$
Monnina valcarceliana Ferreyra
Monnina valcarceliana Ferreyra

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Cerrate 5581* (USM)
Monnina vargasii Ferreyra
Monnina vargasii Ferreyra

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 771* (F)
Monnina vitis-idaea Chodat
Monnina vitis-idaea Chodat
Synonyms: Monnina vitis-idaea Chodat

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6129* (GH)
Departments: Piura.
Monnina weberbaueri Chodat
Monnina weberbaueri Chodat
$
Monnina weberbaueri var. elongata Chodat
Monnina weberbaueri var. elongata Chodat = Monnina macrostachya Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina weberbaueri var. maxima Chodat
Monnina weberbaueri var. maxima Chodat = Monnina macrostachya Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina weberbaueri var. pachyantha Chodat
Monnina weberbaueri var. pachyantha Chodat = Monnina macrostachya Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina weberbaueri var. weberbaueri
Monnina weberbaueri var. weberbaueri = Monnina macrostachya Ruiz & Pav.
Monnina woytkowski Ferreyra
Monnina woytkowski Ferreyra

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 461* (USM)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Monnina wrightii Gray
Monnina wrightii Gray
Reference: Eriksen, B., 1993: 202.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Pennell 13683 (PH)
Departments: Cuzco.
Monnina wurdackii Ferreyra
Monnina wurdackii Ferreyra

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 1418* (US!, USM!), Wurdack 1625 (US!, USM!)
Monochaetum dicranantherum (R. & P.) Naudin
Monochaetum dicranantherum (R. & P.) Naudin
Synonyms: Monochaetum dicranantherum Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-3500 m.
Voucher: Díaz & Osores 1008 (MO!)
Monochaetum lineatum (D. Don) Naudin
Monochaetum lineatum (D. Don) Naudin
Synonyms: Monochaetum lineatum D. Don

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-3000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 4922 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, La Libertad, Piura, San
Martín.
Monochaetum subditivum J.F. Macbr.
Monochaetum subditivum J.F. Macbr.

Monochaetum subglabrum Gleason
Monochaetum subglabrum Gleason

Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests, shrublands. 0-
3000 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Junín, San Martín.
Monocostus ulei K. Schum.
Monocostus ulei K. Schum. = Monocostus uniflorus (Poepp. ex Petersen) Maas
Reference: FP 1203: 738; Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 18.
Monocostus uniflorus (Poepp. ex Petersen) Maas
Monocostus uniflorus (Poepp. ex Petersen) Maas
Synonyms: Monocostus uniflorus K. Schum., Monocostus uniflorus Poepp. ex Petersen

Reference: Maas, P. J. M., 1972: 18.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2116* (W destroyed), Klug 4156* (neotype, F)
$
Monolena primulaeflora Hook. f.
Monolena primulaeflora Hook. f.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Monopholis jelskii (Hieron.) S.F. Blake
Monopholis jelskii (Hieron.) S.F. Blake = Monactis hieronymi H. Rob.
Monopteryx uaucu Spruce ex Benth.
Monopteryx uaucu Spruce ex Benth.

Monopyle angustifolia Fritsch
Monopyle angustifolia Fritsch
Reference: Fritsch, K., 1914: 394.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Ule 33/2*
$
Monopyle divaricata Rusby
Monopyle divaricata Rusby = Gloxinia reflexa Rusby
Reference: Wiehler, H., 1976: 389.
Monopyle flava L.E. Skog
Monopyle flava L.E. Skog
Reference: Skog, L. E., 1974: 233.

Ecology. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 2104* (US!, USM!), Berlin 311 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Pasco.
Monopyle subsessilis Benth.
Monopyle subsessilis Benth.
Monotagma anarthronum J.F. Macbr.
Monotagma anarthronum J.F. Macbr.

Monotagma angustissimum Loes.
Monotagma angustissimum Loes.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6763* (F!, MOL!), Plowman et al. 11320 (MO!, USM!)
$
Monotagma contrariosum J.F. Macbr.
Monotagma contrariosum J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Klug 116* (F!), Mexia 6241 (F!)
Monotagma dolosum J.F. Macbr.
Monotagma dolosum J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Foster & D'Achille 12007 (F!)
Monotagma juruanum Loes.
Monotagma juruanum Loes.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Monotagma laxum (Poepp. & Endl.) Schum.
Monotagma laxum (Poepp. & Endl.) Schum.
Synonyms: Monotagma laxum (Poepp. & Endl.) D. Dietr., Monotagma laxum (Poepp. &
Endl.) Koern., Monotagma laxum Mez, Monotagma laxum Poepp. & Endl.
157.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests on white sand,
Voucher: Díaz & Jaramillo 273 (F!), Weberbauer 3683 (MOL!)
Monotagma parvulum Loes.
Monotagma parvulum Loes.

Voucher: Plowman & Schunke 11640 (USM!)
Monotagma plurispicatum (Koern.) Schum.
Monotagma plurispicatum (Koern.) Schum.
Synonyms: Monotagma plurispicatum Koern.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui 5885 (F!), Weberbauer 6943 (MOL!)
Martín.
Monotagma smaragdinum (Lindl.) K. Schum. in Engl.
Monotagma smaragdinum (Lindl.) K. Schum. in Engl.
Synonyms: Monotagma smaragdinum Lindl.
Monotagma spicatum (Aubl.) J.F. Macbr.

Monotagma spicatum (Aubl.) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Monotagma spicatum (Aubl.) Koern., Monotagma spicatum Aubl., Monotagma

spicatum Poepp. & Endl., Monotagma spicatum Rosc.
Monotagma vaginatum Hagberg
Monotagma vaginatum Hagberg
Monstera acreana K. Krause
Monstera acreana K. Krause = Monstera dubia (Kunth) Engl. & K. Krause
Reference: FP 853: 435; Madison, M. T., 1977: 77.
Monstera acuminata K. Koch
Monstera acuminata K. Koch
Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 436; Madison, M. T., 1977: 74.

Note: Not known from Peru. According to Madison (1977) collections cited as M.
acuminata in the Flora of Peru, refer to juveniles of M. dubia.
Monstera adansonii Schott
Monstera adansonii Schott
Monstera adansonii var.adansonii
Monstera adansonii var. adansonii

Synonyms: Monstera adansonii adansonii (L.) de Vriese, Monstera adansonii adansonii
L., Monstera adansonii adansonii Schott
Note: Not known from Peru. According to Madison (1977) this taxon is known only
from the Lesser Antilles.
Monstera adansonii var.klotzschiana (Schott) Madison
Monstera adansonii var. klotzschiana (Schott) Madison
Synonyms: Monstera adansonii klotzschiana Schott

Reference: Flora Peru: 854: 40; 33662: 71; LO, MD.
Monstera adansonii var.laniata (Schott) Madison
Monstera adansonii var. laniata (Schott) Madison
Synonyms: Monstera adansonii laniata Schott

Reference: Madison, M. T., 1977: 38; Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 71.
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Monstera amomifolium Poepp.
Monstera amomifolium Poepp. = Stenospermation amomifolium (Poepp.) Schott
Monstera dilacerata (K. Koch & Sellow) K. Koch
Monstera dilacerata (K. Koch & Sellow) K. Koch

Synonyms: Monstera dilacerata Engl., Monstera dilacerata K. Koch & Sellow
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, hemiepiphyte. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000
m.
Voucher: Schunke 2464 (F)
Martín, Ucayali.
Monstera dubia (Kunth) Engl. & K. Krause
Monstera dubia (Kunth) Engl. & K. Krause
Synonyms: Monstera dubia K. Krause, Monstera dubia Kunth

Ecology: epiphytic or terrestrial herb, hemiepiphyte. Amazonian, Andean I: forests.
0-1000 m.
Voucher: Madison 952 (GH)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Martín.
Monstera falcifolia Engl.
Monstera falcifolia Engl. = Monstera obliqua Miq.
Monstera falcifolia var. latifolia K. Krause
Monstera falcifolia var. latifolia K. Krause = Monstera obliqua Miq.
Monstera killipii K. Krause
Monstera killipii K. Krause = Monstera obliqua Miq.

$
Monstera klotzschiana Schott
Monstera klotzschiana Schott = Monstera adansonii var. klotzschiana (Schott)

Madison
Monstera latiloba K. Krause
Monstera latiloba K. Krause = Monstera subpinnata (Schott) Engl.
Monstera lechleriana Schott
Monstera lechleriana Schott
Synonyms: Monstera lechleriana Engl. & K. Krause

Reference: Madison, M. T., 1977: 45; Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 73.
Ecology: epiphytic herb, hemiepiphyte, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas,
dry valleys, forests on white sand. 0-1500 m.
Note:
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno,
San Martín.
Monstera maxima Engl. & K. Krause
Monstera maxima Engl. & K. Krause = Monstera lechleriana Schott
$
$
Monstera obliqua Miq.
Monstera obliqua Miq.
Synonyms: Monstera obliqua Engl., Monstera obliqua K. Krause, Monstera obliqua K.

Krause
Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28258 (NY!)
Monstera pertusa (L.) de Vriese
Monstera pertusa (L.) de Vriese = Monstera adansonii var. adansonii

Note: NN
Monstera peruviana Engl.
Monstera peruviana Engl. = Monstera dilacerata (K. Koch & Sellow) K. Koch
Monstera poeppigii Schott
Monstera poeppigii Schott = Monstera adansonii var. adansonii
Monstera spruceana (Schott) Engl.

Monstera spruceana (Schott) Engl.
Synonyms: Monstera spruceana Schott

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 438; Madison, M. T., 1977: 83; Croat, T. B. & N.
Lambert, 1986: 73.
Ecology: epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Note:
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
Monstera subpinnata (Schott) Engl.
Monstera subpinnata (Schott) Engl.
Synonyms: Monstera subpinnata Engl., Monstera subpinnata K. Krause, Monstera

subpinnata Schott
Ecology: epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1557* (P), Killip & Smith 23639 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de
Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
Monstera uleana Engl.
Monstera uleana Engl. = Monstera subpinnata (Schott) Engl.
Montanoa ovalifolia Deless. ex DC.
Montanoa ovalifolia Deless. ex DC.
Montanoa ovalifolia subsp.australis V.A. Funk
Montanoa ovalifolia subsp. australis V.A. Funk
Reference: Funk, V. A., 1982: 71.

Voucher: Weberbauer 7102 (F!)
Montbretia x crocosmiiflora Lemoine ex Morren
Montbretia x crocosmiiflora Lemoine ex Morren = Crocosmia X crocosmiiflora (Lemoine

ex Morren) N.E. Br.
Montejacquia blanchetii (Moricand) Roberty
Montejacquia blanchetii (Moricand) Roberty = Jacquemontia blanchetii Moricand
Montia fontana L.
Montia fontana L.
Synonyms: Montia fontana Anon Suarez, Montia fontana C.C. Gmel., Montia fontana
C.C. Gmel., Montia fontana Pers., Montia fontana Pers.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: bogs, grasslands, riversides, seasonally
Note: Lourteig (1991) indicates that two subspecies are found in Peru: subsp.
fontana and subsp. chondrosperma.
Voucher: Wurdack 1719 (US)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cuzco, Huánuco, Puno.
Montia fontana var. erecta Pers.
Montia fontana var. erecta Pers. = Montia fontana L.
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Montia fontana var. repens Pers.
Montia fontana var. repens Pers. = Montia fontana L.
Montia minor C.C. Gmel.
Montia minor C.C. Gmel. = Montia fontana L.
Montia rivularis C.C. Gmel.
Montia rivularis C.C. Gmel. = Montia fontana L.
Montiopsis cumingii (Hook. & Arn.) Ford
Montiopsis cumingii (Hook. & Arn.) Ford
Synonyms: Montiopsis cumingii Hook. & Arn.

Reference: Ford, D. I., 1993: 274.
Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Montrichardia arborescens (L.) Schott
Montrichardia arborescens (L.) Schott
Synonyms: Montrichardia arborescens L.

Reference: Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 75.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ayala et al. 3265 (MO!)
Montrichardia linifera (Arruda da Camara in Koster) Schott
Montrichardia linifera (Arruda da Camara in Koster) Schott
Synonyms: Montrichardia linifera Arruda da Camara in Koster

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Monvillea amazonica (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose
Monvillea amazonica (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose = Cereus amazonicus K. Schum.
Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 505; Castellanos, A., 1967: 77; Hunt, D., 1992: 93.
Monvillea diffusa Britton & Rose
Monvillea diffusa Britton & Rose = Cereus diffusus (Britton & Rose) Werdermann
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1931: 69; Rauh, W., 1958: 503; Britton, N. L. & J. N.
Rose, 1920: 24.
Monvillea jaenensis Rauh & Backeb.
Monvillea jaenensis Rauh & Backeb.
Synonyms: Monvillea jaenensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Buxb., Monvillea jaenensis F.

Ritter, Monvillea jaenensis Rauh & Backeb.
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean I: shrublands. 500-1000 m.
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992) with the annotation "(cf. Cereus
amazonicus)."
Voucher: Rauh K78 [1956]* (ZSS), Ritter 293 (U)
$
Monvillea jaenensis var. paucispina Rauh & Backeb.
Monvillea jaenensis var. paucispina Rauh & Backeb. = Monvillea jaenensis Rauh &
Backeb.
Monvillea maritima Britton & Rose
Monvillea maritima Britton & Rose = Cereus diffusus (Britton & Rose) Werdermann
Monvillea pucarensis F. Ritter
Monvillea pucarensis F. Ritter = Monvillea jaenensis Rauh & Backeb.
Monvillea pugionifera F. Ritter
Monvillea pugionifera F. Ritter = Cereus diffusus (Britton & Rose) Werdermann
Moquilea canomensis Mart.
Moquilea canomensis Mart. = Couepia canomensis (Mart.) Benth.
Reference: FP 635: 1080; Prance, G. T., 1972: 220.
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Moquilea chrysocalyx Poepp.
Moquilea chrysocalyx Poepp. = Couepia chrysocalyx (Poepp.) Benth. ex Hook. f.
Moquilea elata Pilg.
Moquilea elata Pilg. = Licania britteniana Fritsch
Moquilea guianensis Aubl.
Moquilea guianensis Aubl. = Licania guianensis (Aubl.) Griseb.
Reference: Prance, G. T., 1972: 48.
Moquilea licaniiflora Sagot
Moquilea licaniiflora Sagot = Licania licaniiflora (Sagot) Blake
Moquilea longistyla Hook. f.
Moquilea longistyla Hook. f. = Licania longistyla (Hook. f.) Fritsch
Moquilea pallida (Spruce ex Sagot) Hook. f.

Moquilea pallida (Spruce ex Sagot) Hook. f. = Licania octandra subsp. pallida
(Hook. f.) Prance
Moquilea paraensis C. Martius & Zuccarini
Moquilea paraensis C. Martius & Zuccarini = Couepia paraensis (C. Martius &
Zuccarini) Benth.
Moquilea sclerophylla C. Mart. ex Hook. f.
Moquilea sclerophylla C. Mart. ex Hook. f. = Licania sclerophylla (C. Mart. ex

Hook. f.) Fritsch
Moraea chimboracensis Kunth
Moraea chimboracensis Kunth = Orthrosanthus chimboracensis (Kunth) Baker
Reference: FP 1199: 725; Henrich, J. E. & P. Goldblatt, 1987: 580.
Moraea foliosa Kunth
Moraea foliosa Kunth = Ennealophus foliosus subsp. foliosus
Moraea gladioloides Kunth

Moraea gladioloides Kunth = Orthrosanthus chimboracensis (Kunth) Baker
Reference: FP 1199: 715; Henrich, J. E. & P. Goldblatt, 1987: 580.
Moraea pavonia (L. f.) Ker Gawl
Moraea pavonia (L. f.) Ker Gawl = Tigridia pavonia (L. f.) DC.
Reference: Molseed, E., 1970: 37.
Morawetzia doelziana Backeb.
Morawetzia doelziana Backeb. = Oreocereus doelzianus (Backeb.) Borg
Morawetzia doelziana fo. calva (Rauh & Backeberg) F. Ritter
Morawetzia doelziana fo. calva (Rauh & Backeberg) F. Ritter = Oreocereus doelzianus
(Backeb.) Borg
Morawetzia doelziana var. calva Rauh & Backeb.
Morawetzia doelziana var. calva Rauh & Backeb. = Oreocereus doelzianus (Backeb.)
Borg
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 18; Rauh, W., 1958: 333; Kimnach, M., 1960: 59.
Morawetzia doelziana var. fuscatispina Backeb.
Morawetzia doelziana var. fuscatispina Backeb. = Oreocereus doelzianus (Backeb.)

Borg
Morawetzia sericata F. Ritter
Morawetzia sericata F. Ritter = Oreocereus doelzianus (Backeb.) Borg
Morawetzia varicolor Knize
Morawetzia varicolor Knize = Oreocereus leucotrichus (Philippi) Wagenknecht
Reference: Knize, K., 1968: 254; Hunt, D., 1992: 94.
Morenia fragrans Ruiz & Pav.
Morenia fragrans Ruiz & Pav. = Chamaedorea fragrans (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.
Reference: FP 39695: 373; Gentry, A. H., 1986: 162; Henderson, pers. comm..
Morenia integrifolia Trail
Morenia integrifolia Trail = Chamaedorea pauciflora Mart.
Morenia integrifolia var. nigricans Trail
Morenia integrifolia var. nigricans Trail = Chamaedorea pauciflora Mart.

$
Morenia lechleriana H. A. Wendland ex Dammer
Morenia lechleriana H. A. Wendland ex Dammer = Chamaedorea pauciflora Mart.
Morenia linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) Burret
Morenia linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) Burret = Chamaedorea linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.
Morenia macrocarpa Burret
Morenia macrocarpa Burret
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 374; Glassman, S. F., 1972: 172.

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. This species belongs in
Chamaedorea but the combination has not been made.
Morenia pauciflora Drude in Martius
Morenia pauciflora Drude in Martius = Chamaedorea pauciflora Mart.
Morenia poeppigiana Mart.
Morenia poeppigiana Mart. = Chamaedorea linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.
Reference: FP 39695: 374; Gentry, A. H., 1986: 162; Henderson, pers. comm..
$
Morinda brachycalyx (Bremek.) Steyerm.
Morinda brachycalyx (Bremek.) Steyerm.
Synonyms: Morinda brachycalyx (Bremek.) Steyerm., Morinda brachycalyx Bremek.

Ecology: Native treelet. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Morisonia flexuosa L.
Morisonia flexuosa L. = Capparis flexuosa L.
Reference: Woodson Jr., R. E. & Schery, R. W., 1948: 94.
Morisonia oblongifolia Britton
Morisonia oblongifolia Britton

Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas,
forests. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Moritzia lindenii (A. DC.) Gürke ex Benth.
Moritzia lindenii (A. DC.) Gürke ex Benth.
Synonyms: Moritzia lindenii A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1285: 593; Miller, J. S., 1988: 504.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands. 2000-2500 m.
Mormodes revolutum Rolfe
Mormodes revolutum Rolfe

Voucher: Forget s.n.*
Departments: Ayacucho, Junín, Loreto.
Mormodes rolfeanum Linden
Mormodes rolfeanum Linden
Reference: Flora Peru: 1473: 582; Nakata, M., 1990: 158; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Nakata 5630 (TNS)
Mormodes wolterianum Kraenzl.
Mormodes wolterianum Kraenzl.

Ecology: Endemic emergent. .
Mormolyca gracilipes (Schltr.) Garay & Wirth
Mormolyca gracilipes (Schltr.) Garay & Wirth
Synonyms: Mormolyca gracilipes Schltr.

Mormolyca peruviana C. Schweinf.
Mormolyca peruviana C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Schunke 564*
Mormolyca schweinfurthiana Garay & Wirth
Mormolyca schweinfurthiana Garay & Wirth
Synonyms: Mormolyca schweinfurthiana C. Schweinf.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 23218* , Bennett 415 (MO!)
Morus alba L.
Morus alba L.
Reference: Terrell, E. E., S. R. Hill, J. H. Wiersema & W. E. Rice, 1985: 95.

Ecology: Introduced tree. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Plowman 10968 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.
Morus celtidifolia Kunth
Morus celtidifolia Kunth

Morus exsucca Planchon ex Koidzumi, nom. nud.
Morus exsucca Planchon ex Koidzumi, nom. nud. = Morus peruviana Planchon ex

Koidzumi
Reference: Koidzumi, G., 1930: 88.
Morus insignis Bureau
Morus insignis Bureau
Synonyms: Morus insignis Planchon ex Koidzumi

Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 1000-3000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Junín, Pasco, Piura, San Martín.
Morus peruviana Planchon ex Koidzumi
Morus peruviana Planchon ex Koidzumi = Morus insignis Bureau
Reference: Koidzumi, G., 1930: 88; Berg, pers. comm..
Morus reticulata Moritz ex Koidzumi, nom. nud.
Morus reticulata Moritz ex Koidzumi, nom. nud. = Morus peruviana Planchon ex

Koidzumi
Reference: Koidzumi, G., 1930: 88.
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Morus tinctoria L.
Morus tinctoria L. = Maclura tinctoria (L.) Steud. subsp. tinctoria
Moschopsis monocephala (Phil.) Reiche
Moschopsis monocephala (Phil.) Reiche
Synonyms: Moschopsis monocephala Phil.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: riversides. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Dillon & Matekaitis 3373 (F)
Departments: Tacna.
Moschoxylum cipo A. Juss.
Moschoxylum cipo A. Juss. = Trichilia cipo (A. Juss.) C. DC.
Reference: Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981: 152.
Moschoxylum pachypodum Rusby
Moschoxylum pachypodum Rusby = Trichilia pachypoda (Rusby) C. DeCandolle ex Harms

in Engl. & Prantl
Moschoxylum pentandrum Poepp.
Moschoxylum pentandrum Poepp. = Trichilia quadrijuga Kunth subsp. quadrijuga
Reference: FP 663: 748; Pennington, T. D., B. T. Styles & D. A. H. Taylor, 1981:

155.
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Moschoxylum viride Rusby
Moschoxylum viride Rusby = Trichilia elegans A. Juss. subsp. elegans

84.
Mougeotia inflata Kunth
Mougeotia inflata Kunth = Melochia lupulina Sw.
Mougeotia mollis Kunth
Mougeotia mollis Kunth = Melochia mollis (Kunth) Triana & Planch.
Mougeotia polystachya Kunth
Mougeotia polystachya Kunth = Melochia pilosa (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle
Mouriri acutiflora Naudin
Mouriri acutiflora Naudin
Reference: Morley, T., 1976: 49.

Mouriri apiranga Spruce ex Triana
Mouriri apiranga Spruce ex Triana

Voucher: Ule 9678* (US), Gentry et al. 51108 (US!)
Mouriri cauliflora Mart. ex DC.
Mouriri cauliflora Mart. ex DC.
Synonyms: Mouriri cauliflora Mart. ex DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 518; Morley, T., 1976: 205.
Voucher: Mathias & Taylor 5006 (MO!)
Mouriri eugeniaefolia Benth.
Mouriri eugeniaefolia Benth.

Voucher: Ule 9678 (US)
Mouriri exadenia Morley
Mouriri exadenia Morley

Mouriri floribunda Markgr.
Mouriri floribunda Markgr.

Voucher: Tessmann 4434* (US!), Mexia 6187 (MO!)
Mouriri grandiflora DC.
Mouriri grandiflora DC.
Synonyms: Mouriri grandiflora Cham., Mouriri grandiflora Naudin

Mouriri guianensis Aubl.
Mouriri guianensis Aubl.

Voucher: Vásquez et al. 3675 (US!)
Mouriri huberi Cogn.

Mouriri huberi Cogn.

Voucher: Ellenberg 2550 (U)
Mouriri macrophylla Cham.
Mouriri macrophylla Cham. = Mouriri grandiflora DC.
Mouriri myrtifolia Spruce ex Triana
Mouriri myrtifolia Spruce ex Triana

Mouriri myrtilloides subsp.parvifolia (Benth.) Morley
Mouriri myrtilloides subsp. parvifolia (Benth.) Morley
Synonyms: Mouriri myrtilloides parvifolia Benth.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-
1500 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Tumbes.
Mouriri nervosa Pilg.
Mouriri nervosa Pilg.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26845 (US)
Mouriri nigra (DC.) Morley
Mouriri nigra (DC.) Morley
Synonyms: Mouriri nigra DC., Mouriri nigra Pulle

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas,
terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 1374 (F!), Smith et al. 1061 (US!)
Departments: Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Mouriri oligantha Pilg.
Mouriri oligantha Pilg.

Mouriri parvifolia Benth.
Mouriri parvifolia Benth. = Mouriri myrtilloides subsp. parvifolia (Benth.) Morley
Mouriri peruviana Morley
Mouriri peruviana Morley

Voucher: Schunke 2077* (US), Killip & Smith 26845 (US!)
Mouriri plassachaerti Pulle
Mouriri plassachaerti Pulle = Mouriri nigra (DC.) Morley
Mouriri princeps Naudin
Mouriri princeps Naudin = Mouriri grandiflora DC.
Reference: FP 761: 520; Morley, T., 1976: 96.
Mouriri retentipetala Morley
Mouriri retentipetala Morley

Mouriri sagotiana Triana
Mouriri sagotiana Triana

Note:
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Mouriri sideroxylon Sagot ex Triana
Mouriri sideroxylon Sagot ex Triana

Voucher: Vásquez et al. 1007 (MO!, USM!)
Mouriri tessmannii Markgr.
Mouriri tessmannii Markgr.

Voucher: Tessmann 4711* (B, destroyed)
Mouriri vernicosa Naudin
Mouriri vernicosa Naudin

Moussonia melastoma (Poepp.) Hanst.
Moussonia melastoma (Poepp.) Hanst. = Parakohleria melastoma (Poepp.) Wiehler
Moussonia purpurea (Poepp.) Hanst.

Moussonia purpurea (Poepp.) Hanst. = Parakohleria purpurea (Poepp.) Wiehler
Moutabea aculeata (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl.
Moutabea aculeata (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Moutabea aculeata Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, riversides,
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Vásquez et al. 7494 (MO!)
Moutabea longifolia Poepp. & Endl.
Moutabea longifolia Poepp. & Endl.

Note: Included in discussion of M. aculeata in the Flora of Peru.
Voucher: Davidson & Jones 9640 (MO!)
Mucoa duckei (Markgr.) Zarucchi
Mucoa duckei (Markgr.) Zarucchi
Synonyms: Mucoa duckei Markgr., Mucoa duckei Monach.

Reference: Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau, & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1990: 420;
Zarucchi, J. L., 1987: 42.
Voucher: Vásquez & Soto 11863 (MO!)
$
Mucuna altissima (Jacq.) DC.
Mucuna altissima (Jacq.) DC. = Mucuna urens (L.) Medik.

Note: Treated as a valid species by Ducke (1949: 216).
Mucuna elliptica (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Mucuna elliptica (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Synonyms: Mucuna elliptica (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Mucuna elliptica (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.,
Mucuna elliptica (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Mucuna elliptica (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Mucuna
elliptica (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Mucuna elliptica Ruiz & Pav., Mucuna elliptica Ruiz
& Pav., Mucuna elliptica Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2500 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San
Martín.
Mucuna huberi Ducke
Mucuna huberi Ducke

Mucuna inflexa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Mucuna inflexa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Mucuna elliptica (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
$
Mucuna mapirensis (Rusby) J.F. Macbr.
Mucuna mapirensis (Rusby) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Mucuna mapirensis Rusby

Mucuna mattogrossensis Barb. Rodr.
Mucuna mattogrossensis Barb. Rodr. = Canavalia mattogrossensis (Barb. Rodr. ) Malme
Reference: Sauer, J., 1964: 133.
Mucuna platycarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Mucuna platycarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Mucuna elliptica (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Mucuna rostrata Benth.
Mucuna rostrata Benth.
Synonyms: Mucuna rostrata (Benth.) Kuntze

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 315; Ducke, A., 1949: 217; Foster, R. C., 1958: 100.
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco,
Puno, San Martín, Ucayali.
Mucuna sloanei Fawc. & Rendle
Mucuna sloanei Fawc. & Rendle

Synonyms: Mucuna sloanei (L. ex Jacq.) DC., Mucuna sloanei L. ex Jacq.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 316; Ducke, A., 1949: 216; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 252.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 8159 (F, USM!)
Mucuna urens (L. ex Jacq.) DC.
Mucuna urens (L. ex Jacq.) DC. = Mucuna sloanei Fawc. & Rendle
Mucuna urens (L.) Fawc. & Rendle
Mucuna urens (L.) Fawc. & Rendle = Mucuna urens (L.) Medik.
Mucuna urens (L.) Medik.
Mucuna urens (L.) Medik.
Synonyms: Mucuna urens (Jacq.) DC., Mucuna urens (Jacq.) Macfadyen, Mucuna urens
(Jacq.) Pers., Mucuna urens (L.) Fawc. & Rendle, Mucuna urens (L.) Pers., Mucuna
urens Jacq., Mucuna urens L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 316; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 252.
Voucher: McDaniel 13567 (USM!)
Muehlenbeckia andina Brandbyge
Muehlenbeckia andina Brandbyge
Reference: Brandbyge, J., 1989: 27.

Ecology: Native herb, shrub, vine. Andean II-III: forests, grasslands, rocky
Departments: Cuzco, La Libertad.
$
Muehlenbeckia chilensis Meisn.
Muehlenbeckia chilensis Meisn. = Muehlenbeckia hastulata (Smith) I.M. Johnst.
Reference: FP 1251: 454; Johnston, I. M., 1928: 88.
Muehlenbeckia chilensis var. fascicularis Meisn.
Muehlenbeckia chilensis var. fascicularis Meisn. = Muehlenbeckia fruticulosa

(Walp.) Standl.
Muehlenbeckia cuspidata Gross ex Standley
Muehlenbeckia cuspidata Gross ex Standley = Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth) Meisn.
Reference: FP 1251: 455; Brandbyge, J., 1989: 33.
Muehlenbeckia dumosa I.M. Johnst.
Muehlenbeckia dumosa I.M. Johnst. = Muehlenbeckia hastulata (Smith) I.M. Johnst.
Reference: Johnston, I. M., 1928: 87.
Muehlenbeckia fruticulosa (Walp.) Standl.
Muehlenbeckia fruticulosa (Walp.) Standl.
Synonyms: Muehlenbeckia fruticulosa (Walp.) J.F. Macbr., Muehlenbeckia fruticulosa

(Walp.) Rusby, Muehlenbeckia fruticulosa Meisn., Muehlenbeckia fruticulosa Walp.
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean II: riversides, rocky slopes. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (B photo F!), Solomon 2804 (MO!)
Muehlenbeckia hastulata (Smith) I.M. Johnst.
Muehlenbeckia hastulata (Smith) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Muehlenbeckia hastulata (Meisn.) J.F. Macbr., Muehlenbeckia hastulata

(Meisn.) Rusby, Muehlenbeckia hastulata (Smith) J.F. Macbr., Muehlenbeckia
hastulata (Smith) Standl., Muehlenbeckia hastulata I.M. Johnst., Muehlenbeckia
hastulata Meisn., Muehlenbeckia hastulata Smith
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, dry valleys, riversides,
Note: Published as Muhlenbeckia.
Voucher: Smith & Vásquez 33641 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, La Libertad, Pasco.
Muehlenbeckia hastulata (Smith) Standl.
Muehlenbeckia hastulata (Smith) Standl. = Muehlenbeckia hastulata (Smith) I.M.

Johnst.
Muehlenbeckia leptobotrys Meisner
Muehlenbeckia leptobotrys Meisner = Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth) Meisn.
Muehlenbeckia nummularia H. Gross
Muehlenbeckia nummularia H. Gross

Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3172* (B), Stevens 22003 (MO!)
Muehlenbeckia peruviana Meisner
Muehlenbeckia peruviana Meisner = Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth) Meisn.
Muehlenbeckia peruviana var. cuspidata Standl.
Muehlenbeckia peruviana var. cuspidata Standl. = Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth)

Meisn.
Muehlenbeckia platyclada (F. Muell.) Meisn.
Muehlenbeckia platyclada (F. Muell.) Meisn.
Synonyms: Muehlenbeckia platyclada F. Muell.

Reference: Burger, W., 1983: 121.
Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Hart 684 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.
Muehlenbeckia rupestris Wedd.
Muehlenbeckia rupestris Wedd. = Muehlenbeckia volcanica (Benth.) Endl.
Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth) Meisn.

Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth) Meisn.
Synonyms: Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth) J.F. Macbr., Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia

(Kunth) Rusby, Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Meisner) J.F. Macbr., Muehlenbeckia
tamnifolia (Meisner) J.F. Macbr., Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia Gross ex Standley,
Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia Kunth, Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia Kuntze, Muehlenbeckia
tamnifolia Meisner, Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia Meisner, Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia
Meisner, Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia Ruiz ex Meisn., Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia Standl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1251: 455; Brandbyge, J., 1989: 32.
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, elfin forests,
rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-4000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco,
Huánuco, Junín, La Libertad, Piura.
Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia var. laxiflora Meisner
Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia var. laxiflora Meisner = Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth)

Meisn.
Muehlenbeckia tiliifolia var.glabra Brandbyge
Muehlenbeckia tiliifolia var. glabra Brandbyge

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, elfin
forests. 2000-3000 m.
Muehlenbeckia tiliifolia Wedd.
Muehlenbeckia tiliifolia Wedd.
Muehlenbeckia tiliifolia Wedd. var.tiliifolia

Muehlenbeckia tiliifolia Wedd. var. tiliifolia
Synonyms: Muehlenbeckia tiliifolia tiliifolia (Wedd.) J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Muehlenbeckia volcanica (Benth.) Endl.
Muehlenbeckia volcanica (Benth.) Endl.
Synonyms: Muehlenbeckia volcanica (Benth.) J.F. Macbr., Muehlenbeckia volcanica

(Benth.) Rusby, Muehlenbeckia volcanica Benth., Muehlenbeckia volcanica Wedd.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, vine. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, elfin forests,
grasslands, riversides, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-4500 m.
Voucher: Stevens 21953 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín,
Lima, La Libertad, Puno.
Muellera denudata (Benth.) M. Sousa
Muellera denudata (Benth.) M. Sousa
Synonyms: Muellera denudata (Benth.) Ducke, Muellera denudata Benth.

Reference: Sousa, pers. comm..
Voucher: Rimachi 8883 (MO!)
Muhlenbergia adspersa Trin.
Muhlenbergia adspersa Trin. = Muhlenbergia ciliata (Kunth) Trin.
Reference: Peterson, P. M. & C. R. Annable, 1991: 29.

$
Muhlenbergia angustata (J. Presl) Kunth
Muhlenbergia angustata (J. Presl) Kunth
Synonyms: Muhlenbergia angustata J. Presl

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, riversides. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Smith 2339 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín,
La Libertad, Puno.
Muhlenbergia beyrichianum Kunth
Muhlenbergia beyrichianum Kunth = Pereilema beyrichianum (Kunth) Hitchc.
Reference: , : 335.
Muhlenbergia caxamarcensis Laegaard & Sánchez Vega
Muhlenbergia caxamarcensis Laegaard & Sánchez Vega
Reference: Laegaard, S. & I. Sánchez Vega, 1990: 437.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Renvoize & Laegaard 4962* (CPUN, MO!), Renvoize & Laegaard 4974 (US!)
Muhlenbergia ciliata (Kunth) Trin.
Muhlenbergia ciliata (Kunth) Trin.
Synonyms: Muhlenbergia ciliata Kunth, Muhlenbergia ciliata Trin.

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 170; Peterson, P. M. & C. R. Annable, 1991: 29.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1000-2500 m.
Note: The Flora of Peru uses the incorrect author citation "(H.B.K.) Kunth."
$
Muhlenbergia clomena Kunth
Muhlenbergia clomena Kunth = Muhlenbergia peruviana (P. Beauv.) Steud.
Reference: FP 719: 171; Peterson, P. M. & C. R. Annable, 1991: 73.
Muhlenbergia diversiglumis Trin.
Muhlenbergia diversiglumis Trin.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides. 500-3000 m.
Muhlenbergia erectifolia Swallen
Muhlenbergia erectifolia Swallen = Ortachne erectifolia (Swallen) Clayton
Reference: Clayton, W. D. , 1984 [1985]: 729.
Muhlenbergia fastigiata (J. Presl) Henrard
Muhlenbergia fastigiata (J. Presl) Henrard
Synonyms: Muhlenbergia fastigiata J. Presl

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 1000-4500 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Barclay 9265 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Junín, Lima, Puno.
Muhlenbergia flexuosa Hitchc.

Muhlenbergia flexuosa Hitchc.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: shrublands. 1000-2500 m.
Voucher: Macbride 3874* (F), Ellenberg 8334 (USM!)
Muhlenbergia holwayorum Hitchc.
Muhlenbergia holwayorum Hitchc.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 175 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Muhlenbergia ligularis (Hack.) Hitchc.
Muhlenbergia ligularis (Hack.) Hitchc.
Synonyms: Muhlenbergia ligularis Hack.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3000-4500 m.
Voucher: Tovar 1333 (MO!)
Lambayeque, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno, San Martín.
Muhlenbergia maxima Laegaard & Sánchez Vega
Muhlenbergia maxima Laegaard & Sánchez Vega
Reference: Laegaard, S. & I. Sánchez Vega, 1990: 439.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Sánchez & Ruiz 3561* (CPUN, US), Renvoize & Laegaard 4908 (CPUN)
$
Muhlenbergia microsperma (DC.) Trin.
Muhlenbergia microsperma (DC.) Trin.
Synonyms: Muhlenbergia microsperma DC.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Ellenberg 457 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad.
Muhlenbergia peruviana (P. Beauv.) Steud.
Muhlenbergia peruviana (P. Beauv.) Steud.
Synonyms: Muhlenbergia peruviana Kunth, Muhlenbergia peruviana P. Beauv.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: forests, grasslands. 2500-4500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica,
Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Puno.
Muhlenbergia rigida (Kunth) Trin.
Muhlenbergia rigida (Kunth) Trin.
Synonyms: Muhlenbergia rigida Kunth

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m.
Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua.
Muhlenbergia rupestris Steud. ex Lechler
Muhlenbergia rupestris Steud. ex Lechler = Calamagrostis heterophylla (Wedd.) Pilg.
Reference: FP 719: 157; Tovar, O., 1960: 53.

$
Muhlenbergia tenuifolia (Kunth) Kunth
Muhlenbergia tenuifolia (Kunth) Kunth
Synonyms: Muhlenbergia tenuifolia Kunth

Reference: Peterson, P. M. & C. R. Annable, 1991: 88.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 1000-2500 m.
Muhlenbergia tenuissima (J. Presl) Kunth
Muhlenbergia tenuissima (J. Presl) Kunth
Synonyms: Muhlenbergia tenuissima J. Presl

Munchausia speciosa L. ex Munchhausen
Munchausia speciosa L. ex Munchhausen = Lagerstroemia speciosa (L. ex Munchhausen)

Pers.
Munnozia acostae (I Chung) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia acostae (I Chung) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia acostae I Chung

Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 54; Robinson, H., 1983: 59.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui & Mostacero 9158 (F!)
Munnozia affinis (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell

Munnozia affinis (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia affinis S.F. Blake

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Pasco, San Martín.
Munnozia angusta (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia angusta (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia angusta S.F. Blake

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Munnozia annua (Muschl.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia annua (Muschl.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia annua Muschl.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Note: For alternative treatment, see Robinson (1983: 59).
Voucher: Weberbauer 3876* (B photo F)
Munnozia convencionensis (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia convencionensis (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia convencionensis Cuatrec.

Ecology. 1500-4000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 4446* (F!), Vargas 4198 (F)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Munnozia corymbosa Ruiz & Pav.
Munnozia corymbosa Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Munnozia corymbosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Sch. Bip., Munnozia corymbosa (S.F.
Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell, Munnozia corymbosa S.F. Blake
Ecology. 1000-4000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Macbride 5783 (F!)
Departments: Junín, Huánuco.
Munnozia eriocalyx (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia eriocalyx (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell = Munnozia corymbosa Ruiz & Pav.
Munnozia ferreyrii H. Rob.
Munnozia ferreyrii H. Rob.
Reference: Robinson, H., 1976: 381; Robinson, H., 1983: 58.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5234* (NY)
Munnozia foliosa Rusby
Munnozia foliosa Rusby
Synonyms: Munnozia foliosa (Rusby) Ferreyra

Voucher: Boeke 2069 (MO!)
$
Munnozia gigantea (Rusby) Rusby
Munnozia gigantea (Rusby) Rusby
Synonyms: Munnozia gigantea Rusby

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 3565 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Munnozia hastifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia hastifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia hastifolia Klatt, Munnozia hastifolia Poepp. & Endl.

Ecology. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Núñez 8711 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Puno.
Munnozia herrerae (Cabrera) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia herrerae (Cabrera) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia herrerae Cabrera

Reference: Robinson, H. & R. D. Brettell, 1974: 55.
Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 2761* (F!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Munnozia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.
Munnozia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Munnozia lanceolata (Ruiz & Pav.) Sch. Bip.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Hutchison et al. 5928 (F!)
Munnozia lyrata (A. Gray) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia lyrata (A. Gray) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia lyrata A. Gray

Ecology. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Wilkes Exped. s.n.* (US), Dillon et al. 3047 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco,
Huancavelica, Lima, Moquegua.
Munnozia megacephalum (Sch. Bip.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia megacephalum (Sch. Bip.) H. Rob. & Brettell = Munnozia senecionidis Benth.
Munnozia nivea (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia nivea (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia nivea Hieron., Munnozia nivea Hieron.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Departments: Pasco.
Munnozia olearioides (Muschl.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia olearioides (Muschl.) H. Rob. & Brettell

Synonyms: Munnozia olearioides Muschl.
Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Munnozia oxyphylla (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia oxyphylla (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia oxyphylla Cuatrec.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Munnozia peruensis (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia peruensis (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia peruensis Cuatrec.

Ecology. 3000-4500 m.
Munnozia pinnulosa (Kuntze) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia pinnulosa (Kuntze) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia pinnulosa Kuntze

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
$
Munnozia polymnioides (DC.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia polymnioides (DC.) H. Rob. & Brettell = Erato polymnioides DC.
Munnozia pulchra (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia pulchra (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell = Munnozia venosissima Ruiz & Pav.
Munnozia sagasteguii H. Rob.
Munnozia sagasteguii H. Rob.

Voucher: Sagástegui 2980* (US!)
Munnozia sagittata Wedd.
Munnozia sagittata Wedd. = Munnozia senecionidis Benth.
Munnozia senecionidis Benth.
Munnozia senecionidis Benth.
Synonyms: Munnozia senecionidis (Sch. Bip.) H. Rob. & Brettell, Munnozia

senecionidis Sch. Bip., Munnozia senecionidis Sch. Bip., Munnozia senecionidis
Wedd.
Ecology. 1500-4000 m.
Voucher: Gentry et al. 22889 (F!)
Martín, Ucayali.
Munnozia silphioides (Poepp.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia silphioides (Poepp.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia silphioides (Poepp.) S.F. Blake, Munnozia silphioides Poepp.

Ecology. 1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Dillon 2593 (F!)
Munnozia stenolepis (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia stenolepis (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell = Erato stenolepis (S.F. Blake)
H. Rob.
Munnozia subviride (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia subviride (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Munnozia subviride S.F. Blake

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Munnozia taeniotricha (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell
Munnozia taeniotricha (S.F. Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell

Synonyms: Munnozia taeniotricha S.F. Blake
Ecology. 1500-3000 m.
Note: For alternative treatment, see Robinson (1983: 59).
Voucher: Mathews s.n. (K photo & frag. US!)
Munnozia trinervis Ruiz & Pav.
Munnozia trinervis Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Munnozia trinervis (Ruiz & Pav.) Sch. Bip.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA photo US), Killip & Smith 22247 (F!)
Munnozia venosissima Ruiz & Pav.
Munnozia venosissima Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Munnozia venosissima (Ruiz & Pav.) Sch. Bip., Munnozia venosissima (S.F.
Blake) H. Rob. & Brettell, Munnozia venosissima S.F. Blake
Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA photo US), Macbride 4312 (F!)
Departments: Apurímac, Huánuco.
Munroa decumbens Philippi
Munroa decumbens Philippi

Voucher: Pennell 13182 (MO!)
$
Muntingia calabura L.
Muntingia calabura L.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2000 m.
Note: Lemke (1988) suggests that this sspecies probably belongs in the Tiliaceae.
Voucher: Campos 682 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Loreto, Piura, San Martín.
Murraya exotica L.
Murraya exotica L. = Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack
Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack
Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack
Synonyms: Murraya paniculata L., Murraya paniculata L.

Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m.
Murucuia mollissima (Kunth) Spreng.
Murucuia mollissima (Kunth) Spreng. = Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (Kunth)

Holm-Nielsen & Jo+/rgensen
Murucuia peduncularis (Cav.) Sprengel
Murucuia peduncularis (Cav.) Sprengel = Passiflora peduncularis Cav.

Reference: Killip, E. P., 1938: 304.
Musa X paradisiaca L.
Musa X paradisiaca L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1201: 717; Terrell, E. E., S. R. Hill, J. H. Wiersema & W.
E. Rice, 1985: 97.
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m.
Note: (pro sp.) Widely cultivated in Peru but no voucher collection seen.
Mussaenda pubescens Kunth
Mussaenda pubescens Kunth = Randia armata var. pubescens (Kunth) R. Knuth
Reference: FP 1365: 103; Bernardi, L., 1985: 204.
Mussaenda spinosa Jacq.
Mussaenda spinosa Jacq. = Randia armata var. armata
Reference: FP 1365: 102; Bernardi, L., 1985: 201.
Mussatia hyacinthina (Standl.) Sandwith
Mussatia hyacinthina (Standl.) Sandwith
Synonyms: Mussatia hyacinthina Standl.

Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
$
Mussatia prieurei (A. DC.) Bureau ex Schumann
Mussatia prieurei (A. DC.) Bureau ex Schumann
Synonyms: Mussatia prieurei A. DC.

Voucher: Díaz & Jaramillo 1434 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Mutisia acuminata Ruiz & Pav.
Mutisia acuminata Ruiz & Pav.
Mutisia acuminata var.acuminata Cabrera
Mutisia acuminata var. acuminata Cabrera
Synonyms: Mutisia acuminata acuminata Cav., Mutisia acuminata acuminata Cav.

Ecology. 1000-4000 m.
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Ferreyra 6186 (USM)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Lima.
Mutisia acuminata var.bicolor Cabrera
Mutisia acuminata var. bicolor Cabrera

Ecology. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Angulo 1794* (LP), Hutchison & Wright 7222 (F!)
Departments: Apurímac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Junín,
Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua.
Mutisia acuminata var.hirsuta (Meyen) Cabrera

Mutisia acuminata var. hirsuta (Meyen) Cabrera
Synonyms: Mutisia acuminata hirsuta Meyen

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Meyen sn.* (F) , Macbride & Featherstone 1014 (F!)
Departments: Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Junín, Huancavelica, Lima.
Mutisia alata Hieron.
Mutisia alata Hieron.

Ecology. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5242 (USM)
Mutisia anderssonii Sodiro ex Hieron.
Mutisia anderssonii Sodiro ex Hieron.

Ecology. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Velarde 2100 (USM)
Departments: Huancavelica, Lima.
Mutisia arequipensis Cabrera
Mutisia arequipensis Cabrera

Ecology. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6857* (USM)
$
Mutisia cochabambensis Hieron.
Mutisia cochabambensis Hieron.

Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Balls 6833 (F!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cuzco, Tacna.
Mutisia hastata Cav.
Mutisia hastata Cav.

Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Departments: Ancash, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Lima.
Mutisia hirsuta Meyen
Mutisia hirsuta Meyen = Mutisia acuminata var. hirsuta (Meyen) Cabrera
Mutisia lanata Ruiz & Pav.
Mutisia lanata Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology. 1500-3500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Macbride & Featherstone 2223 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, Pasco, Puno.
Mutisia lanigera Wedd.

Mutisia lanigera Wedd.

Ecology. 3500-4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1388 (USM)
Departments: Arequipa, Puno.
Mutisia ledifolia Decne. ex Wedd.
Mutisia ledifolia Decne. ex Wedd.

Ecology. 3000-4500 m.
Voucher: Manheim 159 (NY)
Departments: Puno.
Mutisia macrantha Muschl.
Mutisia macrantha Muschl. = Mutisia pulcherrima Muschl.
Reference: Muschler, R., 1914: 103.
Mutisia mathewsii Hook. & Arn.
Mutisia mathewsii Hook. & Arn.
Mutisia mathewsii var.anomala Cabrera
Mutisia mathewsii var. anomala Cabrera

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Hutchison 1244* (USM)
Departments: Ayacucho, Lima.
$
Mutisia mathewsii var.mathewsii
Mutisia mathewsii var. mathewsii
Synonyms: Mutisia mathewsii mathewsii Hieron.

Ecology. 3000-4500 m.
Voucher: Mathews 1119* (P)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Junín, Lima.
Mutisia orbignyana Wedd.
Mutisia orbignyana Wedd.

Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6847 (USM)
Mutisia peduncularis Cav.
Mutisia peduncularis Cav. = Mutisia acuminata var. acuminata Cabrera
Mutisia pulcherrima Muschl.
Mutisia pulcherrima Muschl.
Synonyms: Mutisia pulcherrima Muschl.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4444* (B), Hutchison & Wright 5613 (USM)
$
Mutisia rauhii Ferreyra
Mutisia rauhii Ferreyra

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Rauh 1451* (USM)
Departments: Cuzco.
Mutisia venusta S.F. Blake
Mutisia venusta S.F. Blake
Mutisia viciaefolia Cav.
Mutisia viciaefolia Cav. = Mutisia acuminata var. acuminata Cabrera
Mutisia weberbaueri Hieron.
Mutisia weberbaueri Hieron. = Mutisia mathewsii var. mathewsii
Mutisia wurdackii Cabrera
Mutisia wurdackii Cabrera

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 840* (LP), Hutchison & Wright 3881
Myanthus barbatus Lindl.
Myanthus barbatus Lindl. = Catasetum barbatum (Lindl.) Lindl.

Note: NN
Myginda eucymosa Loesener & Pittier
Myginda eucymosa Loesener & Pittier = Crossopetalum eucymosum (Loesener & Pittier)
Lundell
Myginda theoides Benth.
Myginda theoides Benth. = Maytenus theoides (Bentham) Urb.
Myllanthus ulei (Krause) R.S. Cowan
Myllanthus ulei (Krause) R.S. Cowan = Raputia ulei (Krause) Kallunki
Reference: Kallunki, J. A., 1990: 177.
Myosotis azorica H.C. Watson
Myosotis azorica H.C. Watson

Ecology: Cultivated herb. Region uncertain: disturbed areas. .
Note: Not reconfirmed. No voucher seen for Peru.
$
Myosotis gracilis Ruiz & Pav.
Myosotis gracilis Ruiz & Pav. = Pectocarya gracilis I.M. Johnst.
Note: NN
Myosotis granulosa Ruiz & Pav.
Myosotis granulosa Ruiz & Pav. = Cryptantha granulosa (R. & P.) I.M. Johnst.
Myosotis humilis Ruiz & Pav.
Myosotis humilis Ruiz & Pav. = Plagiobothrys humilis (R. & P.) I.M. Johnst.
Myostoma hyalinum Miers
Myostoma hyalinum Miers = Thismia hyalina (Miers) F. von Muller

& T. Bübsamen, 1986: 158.
Myosurus apetalus Gay
Myosurus apetalus Gay

$
Myoxanthus affinis (Lindl.) Luer
Myoxanthus affinis (Lindl.) Luer
Synonyms: Myoxanthus affinis (Lindl.) Kuntze, Myoxanthus affinis (Rchb. f.) Kuntze,
Myoxanthus affinis Lehmann & Kraenzlin, Myoxanthus affinis Lindl., Myoxanthus
affinis Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 271; Luer, C. A., 1982: 35; Luer, C. A., 1992: 13.
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Mathews 1899* (K), Foster 9586 (MO!)
San Martín.
Myoxanthus antennifer Luer & Hirtz
Myoxanthus antennifer Luer & Hirtz

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Myoxanthus aspasicensis (Rchb. f.) Luer
Myoxanthus aspasicensis (Rchb. f.) Luer
Synonyms: Myoxanthus aspasicensis Rchb. f.

Myoxanthus ceratothallis (Rchb. f.) Luer
Myoxanthus ceratothallis (Rchb. f.) Luer
Synonyms: Myoxanthus ceratothallis (Karsten) Schltr., Myoxanthus ceratothallis

Karsten, Myoxanthus ceratothallis Rchb. f.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Hutchinson & Bennett 4719 (AMES, USM)
Myoxanthus exasperatus (Lindl.) Luer
Myoxanthus exasperatus (Lindl.) Luer
Synonyms: Myoxanthus exasperatus Lindl.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Macbride 3849 (AMES)
Myoxanthus fimbriatus Luer & Hirtz
Myoxanthus fimbriatus Luer & Hirtz

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Luer 12814 (MO)
Myoxanthus frutex (Schltr.) Luer
Myoxanthus frutex (Schltr.) Luer
Synonyms: Myoxanthus frutex Schltr.

Reference: Luer, C. A., 1982: 36; Luer, C. A., 1992: 40.
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Myoxanthus gyas (Luer & Vasquez) Luer

Myoxanthus gyas (Luer & Vasquez) Luer
Synonyms: Myoxanthus gyas C. Schweinf., Myoxanthus gyas Luer & Vasquez

Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: forests. 3000-3500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Myoxanthus hirsuticaulis (Ames & C. Schweinf.) Luer
Myoxanthus hirsuticaulis (Ames & C. Schweinf.) Luer
Synonyms: Myoxanthus hirsuticaulis Ames & C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Myoxanthus monophyllus Poepp. & Endl.
Myoxanthus monophyllus Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Myoxanthus monophyllus (Lindl.) Kuntze, Myoxanthus monophyllus Lindl.,

Myoxanthus monophyllus Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1467: 326; Luer, C. A., 1982: 47; Luer, C. A., 1992: 58.
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1743* (W), Schunke A53 (US)
Myoxanthus neillii Luer & Dodson
Myoxanthus neillii Luer & Dodson

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 10134 (AMES)
$
Myoxanthus priapus Luer
Myoxanthus priapus Luer

Voucher: Díaz et al. 3267 (MO)
Myoxanthus reymondii (Karsten) Luer
Myoxanthus reymondii (Karsten) Luer
Synonyms: Myoxanthus reymondii Karsten

Reference: Luer, C. A., 1982: 49; Luer, pers. comm..
Myoxanthus scandens (Ames) Luer
Myoxanthus scandens (Ames) Luer
Synonyms: Myoxanthus scandens Ames

Myoxanthus serripetalus (Kraenzl.) Luer
Myoxanthus serripetalus (Kraenzl.) Luer
Synonyms: Myoxanthus serripetalus Kraenzl.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6538* (B destroyed), Núñez & Bengoa 8670 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Junín.
$
Myoxanthus simplicicaulis (C. Schweinf.) Luer
Myoxanthus simplicicaulis (C. Schweinf.) Luer
Synonyms: Myoxanthus simplicicaulis C. Schweinf.

Myoxanthus speciosus (Luer) Luer
Myoxanthus speciosus (Luer) Luer
Synonyms: Myoxanthus speciosus Luer

Myoxanthus trachychlamys (Schltr.) Luer
Myoxanthus trachychlamys (Schltr.) Luer
Synonyms: Myoxanthus trachychlamys Schltr.

Myrceugenella chequen (Molina) Kausel
Myrceugenella chequen (Molina) Kausel = Luma chequen (Molina) A. Gray
$
Myrceugenella chequen var. myrtomimeta (Diels) Kausel
Myrceugenella chequen var. myrtomimeta (Diels) Kausel = Luma chequen (Molina) A.

Gray
Myrcia acuminata (Kunth) DC.
Myrcia acuminata (Kunth) DC. = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia acuminata var. genuina O. Berg
Myrcia acuminata var. genuina O. Berg = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia acuminata var. peruviana O. Berg
Myrcia acuminata var. peruviana O. Berg = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia albobrunnea McVaugh
Myrcia albobrunnea McVaugh

$
Myrcia aliena McVaugh
Myrcia aliena McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcia aliena O. Berg

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1696 [=133]* , Gentry et al. 73433 (MO!)
Myrcia amazonica DC.
Myrcia amazonica DC.
Synonyms: Myrcia amazonica (DC.) O. Berg, Myrcia amazonica (DC.) O. Berg, Myrcia
amazonica DC., Myrcia amazonica O. Berg, Myrcia amazonica O. Berg
Myrcia ambigua DC.
Myrcia ambigua DC. = Myrcia sylvatica (G. Meyer) DC.
Myrcia ambigua var. dives O. Berg
Myrcia ambigua var. dives O. Berg = Myrcia sylvatica (G. Meyer) DC.
Myrcia ambigua var. multiflora O. Berg

Myrcia ambigua var. multiflora O. Berg = Myrcia sylvatica (G. Meyer) DC.
Myrcia ambivalens McVaugh
Myrcia ambivalens McVaugh

Voucher: Williams 4737* (F!), Williams 4706 (F!)
Myrcia atrorufa McVaugh
Myrcia atrorufa McVaugh

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Metcalf 30671* (MO!), Kanehira 17 (F!)
Departments: Huánuco, Puno.
Myrcia bangii Rusby
Myrcia bangii Rusby = Myrcia fascicularis O. Berg
Myrcia barrensis O. Berg
Myrcia barrensis O. Berg = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
$
Myrcia berberis DC.
Myrcia berberis DC. = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia berberis var. angustifolia O. Berg
Myrcia berberis var. angustifolia O. Berg = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia bipennis (O. Berg) McVaugh
Myrcia bipennis (O. Berg) McVaugh = Marlierea bipennis (O. Berg) McVaugh

Note: NN
Myrcia brachylopadia Diels
Myrcia brachylopadia Diels = Myrcia splendens var. splendens
Myrcia bracteata (Richard) DC.
Myrcia bracteata (Richard) DC.
Synonyms: Myrcia bracteata Cambessedes, Myrcia bracteata Richard, Myrcia bracteata

Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests,
Myrcia brandami O. Berg
Myrcia brandami O. Berg = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia chilensis O. Berg
Myrcia chilensis O. Berg = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia complicata (H.B.K.) DC.
Myrcia complicata (H.B.K.) DC. = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia concava McVaugh
Myrcia concava McVaugh

Voucher: Klug 800* (F!), Klug 454 (F!)
Myrcia connata McVaugh
Myrcia connata McVaugh

Myrcia coroicensis Rusby
Myrcia coroicensis Rusby = Myrcia splendens var. splendens
Myrcia corymbosa DC.
Myrcia corymbosa DC. = Myrcia amazonica DC.

Note: NN
Myrcia crassimarginata McVaugh
Myrcia crassimarginata McVaugh

Myrcia deflexa (Poir.) DC.
Myrcia deflexa (Poir.) DC.
Synonyms: Myrcia deflexa Poir.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, swamps. 0-500 m.
$
Myrcia dichasialis McVaugh
Myrcia dichasialis McVaugh

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 134* (F!), Vásquez et al. 4786 (MO!)
Myrcia dictyoneura Diels
Myrcia dictyoneura Diels = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia directa McVaugh
Myrcia directa McVaugh

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4388* (K)
Myrcia dispar McVaugh
Myrcia dispar McVaugh

$
Myrcia egensis (O. Berg) McVaugh
Myrcia egensis (O. Berg) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcia egensis O. Berg, Myrcia egensis O. Berg

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Klug 3569
Myrcia elattophylla Diels
Myrcia elattophylla Diels

Note: Not reconfirmed. Listed as a doubtful species in the Flora of Peru.
Myrcia elegans DC.
Myrcia elegans DC. = Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.
Myrcia erythroxylon var. virescens O. Berg
Myrcia erythroxylon var. virescens O. Berg = Eugenia biflora (L.) DC.
Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Synonyms: Myrcia fallax (H.B.K.) DC., Myrcia fallax (Kunth) DC., Myrcia fallax DC.,
Myrcia fallax DC., Myrcia fallax Diels, Myrcia fallax Kunth, Myrcia fallax Kunth,
Myrcia fallax O. Berg, Myrcia fallax O. Berg, Myrcia fallax O. Berg, Myrcia fallax
O. Berg, Myrcia fallax O. Berg, Myrcia fallax O. Berg, Myrcia fallax O. Berg,
Myrcia fallax O. Berg, Myrcia fallax O. Berg, Myrcia fallax O. Berg, Myrcia fallax
O. Berg, Myrcia fallax Rich.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-
3000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de
Dios, Piura, San Martín.
Myrcia fasciata McVaugh
Myrcia fasciata McVaugh

Myrcia fascicularis O. Berg
Myrcia fascicularis O. Berg
Synonyms: Myrcia fascicularis Rusby

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1652 [=141]* (F!)
Myrcia fenestrata DC.
Myrcia fenestrata DC.

$
Myrcia frontinensis Hieron.
Myrcia frontinensis Hieron. = Myrcia paivae O. Berg
Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.
Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.
Synonyms: Myrcia guianensis (DC.) O. Berg, Myrcia guianensis (DC.) O. Berg, Myrcia
guianensis (DC.) O. Berg, Myrcia guianensis DC., Myrcia guianensis DC., Myrcia
guianensis DC., Myrcia guianensis O. Berg, Myrcia guianensis O. Berg, Myrcia
guianensis Rusby, Myrcia guianensis sensu McVaugh non DC., Myrcia guianensis sensu
McVaugh, non (DC.) O. Berg
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme
forests. 0-1500 m.
Myrcia hayneana var. paraensis O. Berg
Myrcia hayneana var. paraensis O. Berg = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia heliandiana Diels
Myrcia heliandiana Diels

Note: Not reconfirmed. Listed as a doubtful species in the Flora of Peru.
Myrcia huallagae McVaugh

Myrcia huallagae McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcia huallagae O. Berg

Ecology: Endemic shrub, vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2267* (W), Poeppig 2268 (F!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.
Myrcia huanocensis O. Berg
Myrcia huanocensis O. Berg = Myrcia mollis (Kunth) DC.
Myrcia kegeliana var. longifolia O. Berg
Myrcia kegeliana var. longifolia O. Berg = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia lamprosericea Diels
Myrcia lamprosericea Diels = Myrcia splendens var. splendens
Myrcia lanceolata Cambessedes
Myrcia lanceolata Cambessedes = Myrcia bracteata (Richard) DC.
Myrcia lanceolata var. grandifolia O. Berg

Myrcia lanceolata var. grandifolia O. Berg = Myrcia huallagae McVaugh
Myrcia latifolia O. Berg
Myrcia latifolia O. Berg = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia lauriflora DC.
Myrcia lauriflora DC. = Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.
Myrcia macrophylla DC.
Myrcia macrophylla DC. = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia madida McVaugh
Myrcia madida McVaugh

Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Mexia 6448* (F!)
Myrcia magnoliifolia DC.

Myrcia magnoliifolia DC.

Myrcia mathewsiana (O. Berg) McVaugh
Myrcia mathewsiana (O. Berg) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcia mathewsiana O. Berg

Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (W)
Myrcia minutiflora Sagot
Myrcia minutiflora Sagot

Myrcia mollis (Kunth) DC.
Myrcia mollis (Kunth) DC.
Synonyms: Myrcia mollis Kunth, Myrcia mollis O. Berg, Myrcia mollis Rusby
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Lambayeque.
$
Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC.
Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC.
Synonyms: Myrcia multiflora (DC.) O. Berg, Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) O. Berg, Myrcia
multiflora DC., Myrcia multiflora Lam., Myrcia multiflora O. Berg, Myrcia
multiflora O. Berg, Myrcia multiflora Ruiz ex O. Berg
3000 m.
Voucher: Timaná & Jaramillo 2822 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Madre de Dios.
Myrcia myrtillifolia sensu McVaugh non DC.
Myrcia myrtillifolia sensu McVaugh non DC. = Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.
Myrcia neesiana DC.
Myrcia neesiana DC.
Synonyms: Myrcia neesiana (DC.) O. Berg, Myrcia neesiana O. Berg

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 3472
Myrcia negrensis O. Berg
Myrcia negrensis O. Berg = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.

$
Myrcia nigrescens DC.
Myrcia nigrescens DC.
Synonyms: Myrcia nigrescens (DC.) O. Berg

Note: Not known from Peru. Mistakenly listed as a synonym of Myrcia amazonica in
the Flora of Peru.
Myrcia obumbrans (O. Berg) McVaugh
Myrcia obumbrans (O. Berg) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcia obumbrans (O. Berg) Nied., Myrcia obumbrans O. Berg

Voucher: Poeppig 2210* (F!), Gentry 25644 (MO!)
Myrcia paivae O. Berg
Myrcia paivae O. Berg
Synonyms: Myrcia paivae Hieron.

Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Myrcia paivae var. gracilis Lingelsh.
Myrcia paivae var. gracilis Lingelsh. = Eugenia biflora (L.) DC.
$
Myrcia pentagona McVaugh
Myrcia pentagona McVaugh

Myrcia pertusa DC.
Myrcia pertusa DC.
Synonyms: Myrcia pertusa (DC.) O. Berg

Ecology: Native treelet. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Myrcia platycaula Diels
Myrcia platycaula Diels

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Note: Status uncertain in the Flora of Peru, listed as a possible synonym of Myrcia
fallax.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3531 (frag. USM)
Myrcia poeppigiana O. Berg
Myrcia poeppigiana O. Berg

Voucher: Plowman et al. 11332 (MO!)
Myrcia salicifolia DC.
Myrcia salicifolia DC.
Synonyms: Myrcia salicifolia (DC.) O. Berg

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Myrcia saxicola O. Berg
Myrcia saxicola O. Berg = Myrcia splendens var. splendens
Myrcia saxicola var. grandifolia O. Berg
Myrcia saxicola var. grandifolia O. Berg = Myrcia splendens var. splendens
Myrcia sericea O. Berg
Myrcia sericea O. Berg = Myrcia splendens var. splendens
Myrcia sororia DC.

Myrcia sororia DC. = Myrcia splendens var. splendens
Myrcia sphaerocarpa DC.
Myrcia sphaerocarpa DC. = Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC.
Myrcia spixiana DC.
Myrcia spixiana DC. = Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.
Myrcia splendens (Sw.) DC.
Myrcia splendens (Sw.) DC.
Myrcia splendens var.chrysocoma McVaugh
Myrcia splendens var. chrysocoma McVaugh

Myrcia splendens var.splendens

Myrcia splendens var. splendens
Synonyms: Myrcia splendens splendens DC., Myrcia splendens splendens Diels, Myrcia
splendens splendens Diels, Myrcia splendens splendens O. Berg, Myrcia splendens
splendens O. Berg, Myrcia splendens splendens Rusby, Myrcia splendens splendens
Sw., Myrcia splendens var. splendens O. Berg
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 500-2500 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San
Martín.
Myrcia spruceana O. Berg
Myrcia spruceana O. Berg = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrcia stenocymbia Diels
Myrcia stenocymbia Diels

Note: Listed in the Flora of Peru as a doubtful species.
Myrcia subglabra McVaugh
Myrcia subglabra McVaugh

Myrcia subsessilis var.ovalis O. Berg
Myrcia subsessilis var. ovalis O. Berg

Myrcia sylvatica (G. Meyer) DC.
Myrcia sylvatica (G. Meyer) DC.
Synonyms: Myrcia sylvatica DC., Myrcia sylvatica G. Meyer, Myrcia sylvatica L.,
Myrcia sylvatica O. Berg, Myrcia sylvatica O. Berg
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white sand.
0-500 m.
Myrcia yungasensis Rusby
Myrcia yungasensis Rusby = Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC.
Myrcianthes bifurcata (McVaugh) McVaugh
Myrcianthes bifurcata (McVaugh) McVaugh = Myrcianthes osteomeloides (Rusby) McVaugh
Reference: FP 760: 752; Grifo, pers. comm..
Myrcianthes compressa (Kunth) McVaugh
Myrcianthes compressa (Kunth) McVaugh = Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh
Myrcianthes discolor (Kunth) McVaugh

Myrcianthes discolor (Kunth) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcianthes discolor (Kunth) DC., Myrcianthes discolor Kausel,

Myrcianthes discolor Kunth, Myrcianthes discolor Kunth
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (F!), Sagástegui et al. 12181 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad, Piura.
Myrcianthes ferreyrae (McVaugh) McVaugh
Myrcianthes ferreyrae (McVaugh) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcianthes ferreyrae McVaugh

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Coastal: lomas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 1483* (USM!), Ferreyra 11450 (MICH, USM!)
Myrcianthes fimbriata (Kunth) McVaugh
Myrcianthes fimbriata (Kunth) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcianthes fimbriata (Kunth) DC., Myrcianthes fimbriata Kunth

Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3000 m.
Note: According to Grifo (pers. comm.), this taxon would be better placed under
Myrceugenia.
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (P), Sánchez 3121 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lima, Piura.
Myrcianthes foliosa (Kunth) McVaugh
Myrcianthes foliosa (Kunth) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcianthes foliosa (Kunth) DC., Myrcianthes foliosa (Kunth) Kausel,

Myrcianthes foliosa Kunth
Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh
Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcianthes fragrans (Kunth) DC., Myrcianthes fragrans (Kunth) DC.,

Myrcianthes fragrans (Kunth) Kausel, Myrcianthes fragrans (Kunth) Kausel,
Myrcianthes fragrans (Kunth) McVaugh, Myrcianthes fragrans (Kunth) McVaugh,
Myrcianthes fragrans Kunth, Myrcianthes fragrans Kunth, Myrcianthes fragrans Sw.
Reference: Grifo, pers. comm..
Voucher: Woytkowski 5732 (MO, US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Junín, Piura.
Myrcianthes gracilipes Kausel
Myrcianthes gracilipes Kausel = Myrcianthes discolor (Kunth) McVaugh
Reference: Kausel, E., 1971: 107; Grifo, pers. comm..
Myrcianthes hallii (O. Berg) McVaugh
Myrcianthes hallii (O. Berg) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcianthes hallii (O. Berg) Kausel, Myrcianthes hallii O. Berg

Myrcianthes indifferens (McVaugh) McVaugh
Myrcianthes indifferens (McVaugh) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcianthes indifferens McVaugh

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Herrera 2099* (US), Grifo et al. 1043 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Puno.
Myrcianthes lanosa McVaugh
Myrcianthes lanosa McVaugh

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Sandeman 4214* (K)
Myrcianthes limbata (Kunth) McVaugh
Myrcianthes limbata (Kunth) McVaugh = Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh
Myrcianthes lindleyana (Kunth) McVaugh
Myrcianthes lindleyana (Kunth) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcianthes lindleyana (Kunth) DC., Myrcianthes lindleyana Kunth

Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (P), Macbride & Featherstone 1574 (F!)
Myrcianthes minimifolia (McVaugh) McVaugh
Myrcianthes minimifolia (McVaugh) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcianthes minimifolia McVaugh

Reference: McVaugh, R., 1963: 492; Grifo, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: elfin forests. 500-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6500* (F, USM!), Ferreyra 13423 (USM!, MICH!)
Myrcianthes myrsinoides (Kunth) Grifo
Myrcianthes myrsinoides (Kunth) Grifo
Synonyms: Myrcianthes myrsinoides, Myrcianthes myrsinoides (H.B.K.) O. Berg,

Myrcianthes myrsinoides (Kunth) Burret ex Diels, Myrcianthes myrsinoides Diels,
Myrcianthes myrsinoides Kunth, Myrcianthes myrsinoides McVaugh, Myrcianthes
myrsinoides O. Berg, Myrcianthes myrsinoides O. Berg
Voucher: Bonpland 3515* (P), Stork & Horton 10443 (F, MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Junín, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura,
San Martín.
Myrcianthes oreophila (Diels) McVaugh
Myrcianthes oreophila (Diels) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcianthes oreophila Diels

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II-III: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4937* (B), Grifo et al. 1052 (MO!)
Myrcianthes orthostemon (O. Berg) Grifo
Myrcianthes orthostemon (O. Berg) Grifo
Synonyms: Myrcianthes orthostemon O. Berg

Voucher: Linden 807* (W), Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth s.n. (GH!)
$
Myrcianthes osteomeloides (Rusby) McVaugh
Myrcianthes osteomeloides (Rusby) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcianthes osteomeloides (Kuntze) K. Schumacher, Myrcianthes

osteomeloides (McVaugh) McVaugh, Myrcianthes osteomeloides (Rusby) McVaugh,
Myrcianthes osteomeloides Kuntze, Myrcianthes osteomeloides McVaugh, Myrcianthes
osteomeloides Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 768; Grifo, pers. comm..
Voucher: Grifo et al. 1056 (MO!)
Myrcianthes pearcei (McVaugh) McVaugh
Myrcianthes pearcei (McVaugh) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcianthes pearcei McVaugh

Myrcianthes quinqueloba (McVaugh) McVaugh
Myrcianthes quinqueloba (McVaugh) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrcianthes quinqueloba McVaugh

Voucher: Ferreyra 10417* (MICH), Smith & Buddensiek 10928 (MO!, NY!)
Myrcianthes rhopaloides (Kunth) McVaugh
Myrcianthes rhopaloides (Kunth) McVaugh

Synonyms: Myrcianthes rhopaloides (Kunth) DC., Myrcianthes rhopaloides Kunth,
Myrcianthes rhopaloides O. Berg
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P), Sandeman 5103 (K)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, Piura, San
Martín.
Myrciaria bipennis O. Berg
Myrciaria bipennis O. Berg = Marlierea bipennis (O. Berg) McVaugh

Note: NN
Myrciaria divaricata (Bentham) O. Berg
Myrciaria divaricata (Bentham) O. Berg = Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh
Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh
Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh
Synonyms: Myrciaria dubia (Bentham) O. Berg, Myrciaria dubia Kunth, Myrciaria dubia
O. Berg, Myrciaria dubia O. Berg
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-
500 m.
Voucher: Pipoly et al. 14892 (MO!)
Myrciaria floribunda (West ex Willdenow) O. Berg
Myrciaria floribunda (West ex Willdenow) O. Berg

Synonyms: Myrciaria floribunda West ex Willdenow
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-
500 m.
Myrciaria guapurium (DC.) O. Berg
Myrciaria guapurium (DC.) O. Berg
Synonyms: Myrciaria guapurium DC., Myrciaria guapurium Poir.

Note: Not known from Peru. @Change this to a "M" record.@
Myrciaria involucrata O. Berg
Myrciaria involucrata O. Berg = Plinia involucrata (O. Berg) McVaugh

Note: NN
Myrciaria paraensis O. Berg
Myrciaria paraensis O. Berg = Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh
Myrciaria spruceana O. Berg
Myrciaria spruceana O. Berg = Myrciaria dubia (Kunth) McVaugh
$
Myrciaria tenella (DC.) O. Berg
Myrciaria tenella (DC.) O. Berg
Synonyms: Myrciaria tenella DC.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Myriaspora decipiens Naudin
Myriaspora decipiens Naudin = Myriaspora egensis Mart. ex DC.
Reference: Wurdack, pers. comm..
Myriaspora egensis Mart. ex DC.
Myriaspora egensis Mart. ex DC.
Synonyms: Myriaspora egensis Naudin

Reference: Flora Peru: 761: 507; Wurdack, J. J., 1973: 645; Wurdack, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests, shrublands. 0-3500 m.
Note: Wurdack, pers. comm.
Departments: Ayacucho, Junín, San Martín.
Myrica parvifolia Benth.
Myrica parvifolia Benth.
Myrica pavonis C. DC.
Myrica pavonis C. DC.

Synonyms: Myrica pavonis Chev.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1223: 262; Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada, 1985: 53.
Ecology. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Pennell 14026
Myrica pavonis var. glandulosa Chev.
Myrica pavonis var. glandulosa Chev. = Myrica pavonis C. DC.
Myrica pubescens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Myrica pubescens Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1223: 262; Burger, W., 1977: 26.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-III: forests, riversides. 0-4000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín,
Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Martín.
Myriocarpa densiflora Benth.
Myriocarpa densiflora Benth. = Myriocarpa stipitata Benth.
Myriocarpa densiflora var. dombeyana (Wedd.) Wedd.
Myriocarpa densiflora var. dombeyana (Wedd.) Wedd. = Myriocarpa stipitata Benth.
$
Myriocarpa dombeyana Wedd.
Myriocarpa dombeyana Wedd. = Myriocarpa stipitata Benth.
Myriocarpa laevigata Killip
Myriocarpa laevigata Killip

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Macbride 3925* (F), Smith 4528 (MO!)
Myriocarpa stipitata Benth.
Myriocarpa stipitata Benth.
Synonyms: Myriocarpa stipitata (Wedd.) Wedd., Myriocarpa stipitata Benth.,

Myriocarpa stipitata Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1235: 360; Soraru, S. B., 1972: 315.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed
areas, forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-3000 m.
Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Piura, Puno, San Martín, Ucayali.
Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.
Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc.
Synonyms: Myriophyllum aquaticum Vell.

Reference: Verdcourt, B., 1973: 36; Orchard, A. E., 1981: 33.
Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 13527 (US)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Myriophyllum elatinoides Gaudich.
Myriophyllum elatinoides Gaudich. = Myriophyllum quitense Kunth
Reference: FP 1321: 8; Orchard, A. E., 1981: 28; Mora-Osejo, L. E., 1984: 64.
Myriophyllum mattogrossensis Hoehne
Myriophyllum mattogrossensis Hoehne
Reference: Orchard, A. E., 1981: 37.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Myriophyllum quitense Kunth
Myriophyllum quitense Kunth
Synonyms: Myriophyllum quitense Gaudich., Myriophyllum quitense Remy

Reference: Orchard, A. E., 1981: 28; Mora-Osejo, L. E., 1984: 64.
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: López et al. 8326 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Junín, Lima, Loreto, Puno.
Myriophyllum titikakense Remy
Myriophyllum titikakense Remy = Myriophyllum quitense Kunth
Reference: FP 1321: 8; Orchard, A. E., 1981: 28; Mora-Osejo, L. E., 1984: 64.
Myriotriche spicata Turcz.
Myriotriche spicata Turcz. = Abatia spicata (Turcz.) Sleumer

Myristica balsamica Poepp. ex Warb.
Myristica balsamica Poepp. ex Warb. = Virola pavonis (A. DC.) A.C. Sm.
Reference: Rodrigues, W. A., 1980: 88.
Myristica calophylla Spruce
Myristica calophylla Spruce = Virola calophylla Warb.
Reference: FP 1279: 778; Rodrigues, W. A., 1980: 40.

Note: nom. nud.
Myristica capitellata A. DC.
Myristica capitellata A. DC. = Compsoneura capitellata (A. DC.) Warb.
Myristica cuspidata Spruce ex Benth.
Myristica cuspidata Spruce ex Benth. = Virola elongata (Benth.) Warb.
Myristica elongata Benth.
Myristica elongata Benth. = Virola elongata (Benth.) Warb.

$
Myristica macrophylla Benth.
Myristica macrophylla Benth. = Iryanthera macrophylla (Benth.) Warb.
Myristica mocoa A. DC.
Myristica mocoa A. DC. = Virola sebifera Aubl.
Myristica mollissima A.DC.
Myristica mollissima A.DC. = Virola mollissima (A.DC.) Warb.
Myristica otoba var. glaucescens A. DC.
Myristica otoba var. glaucescens A. DC. = Otoba parvifolia (Markgr.) A.H. Gentry
Myristica paradoxa Schwacke
Myristica paradoxa Schwacke = Iryanthera paradoxa (Schwacke) Warb.
Reference: Smith, A. C. & R. P. Wodehouse, 1937: 432.
$
Myristica pavonis A. DC.
Myristica pavonis A. DC. = Virola pavonis (A. DC.) A.C. Sm.
Myristica peruviana A. DC.
Myristica peruviana A. DC. = Virola peruviana (A. DC.) Warb.
Myristica platysperma A. DC.
Myristica platysperma A. DC. = Osteophloeum platyspermum (A. DC.) Warb.
Myristica sprucei A. DC.
Myristica sprucei A. DC. = Compsoneura sprucei (A. DC.) Warb.
Myristica surinamensis Rol.
Myristica surinamensis Rol. = Virola surinamensis (Rol.) Warb.
Myristica theiodora Spruce ex Benth.
Myristica theiodora Spruce ex Benth. = Virola elongata (Benth.) Warb.

Myrmidone peruviana Cogn.
Myrmidone peruviana Cogn. = Maieta guianensis Aubl. var. guianensis
Myrosma cannifolia L. f.
Myrosma cannifolia L. f.
Myrosma hexantha (Poepp. & Endl.) Schumann
Myrosma hexantha (Poepp. & Endl.) Schumann = Hylaeanthe hexantha (Poepp. & Endl.)
Jonker & A.M.E. Jonker
Myrosma stromanthoides J.F. Macbr.
Myrosma stromanthoides J.F. Macbr. = Stromanthe stromanthoides (J.F. Macbr.) B.L.

Andersson
Myrosma unilateralis (Poepp. & Endl.) Schumann
Myrosma unilateralis (Poepp. & Endl.) Schumann = Hylaeanthe unilateralis (Poepp. &
Endl.) Jonker & A.M.E. Jonker
$
Myrosmodes breve (Schltr.) Garay
Myrosmodes breve (Schltr.) Garay
Synonyms: Myrosmodes breve Schltr.

Departments: Lima.
Myrosmodes chiogena (Schltr.)
Myrosmodes chiogena (Schltr.)
Synonyms: Myrosmodes chiogena (Schlechter) C. Schweinf., Myrosmodes chiogena

Schltr.
Myrosmodes cochleare Garay
Myrosmodes cochleare Garay

Myrosmodes nubigenum Kraenzlin ex Weberbauer, nom. illeg.
Myrosmodes nubigenum Kraenzlin ex Weberbauer, nom. illeg. = Myrosmodes nubigenum

Rchb. f.

$
Myrosmodes nubigenum Rchb. f.
Myrosmodes nubigenum Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Myrosmodes nubigenum (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f., Myrosmodes nubigenum (Rchb. f.)
Schltr., Myrosmodes nubigenum Kraenzlin ex Weberbauer, nom. illeg., Myrosmodes
nubigenum Schltr.
Myrosmodes paludosum (Rchb. f.) Garay
Myrosmodes paludosum (Rchb. f.) Garay
Synonyms: Myrosmodes paludosum (Rchb. f.) Schltr., Myrosmodes paludosum Rchb. f.

Myrospermum pedicellatum Lam.
Myrospermum pedicellatum Lam. = Myroxylon peruiferum L. f.
Myrospermum toluiferum (A. Rich.) DC.
Myrospermum toluiferum (A. Rich.) DC. = Myroxylon balsamum (L.) Harms
$
Myroxylon balsamum (L.) Harms
Myroxylon balsamum (L.) Harms
Synonyms: Myroxylon balsamum (A. Rich.) DC., Myroxylon balsamum (Klotzsch) Harms,
Myroxylon balsamum A. Rich., Myroxylon balsamum Klotzsch, Myroxylon balsamum Kunth,
Myroxylon balsamum L.
Ucayali.
Myroxylon balsamum var. punctatum (Klotzsch) Harms
Myroxylon balsamum var. punctatum (Klotzsch) Harms = Myroxylon balsamum (L.) Harms
Myroxylon peruiferum L. f.
Myroxylon peruiferum L. f.
Synonyms: Myroxylon peruiferum Lam.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: dry valleys. 0-2000 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Loreto, Tumbes.
Myroxylon punctatum Klotzsch
Myroxylon punctatum Klotzsch = Myroxylon balsamum (L.) Harms
Myroxylon toluiferum A. Rich.
Myroxylon toluiferum A. Rich. = Myroxylon balsamum (L.) Harms

$
Myroxylon toluiferum Kunth
Myroxylon toluiferum Kunth = Myroxylon balsamum (L.) Harms
Reference: FP 21: 241; Duke, J. A., 1981: 173; Rudd, V. E., 1968: 503.
Myrrhinium atropurpureum Schott
Myrrhinium atropurpureum Schott
Myrrhinium atropurpureum var.atropurpureum
Myrrhinium atropurpureum var. atropurpureum
Synonyms: Myrrhinium atropurpureum atropurpureum Camb.

Myrrhinium atropurpureum var.octandrum Benth.
Myrrhinium atropurpureum var. octandrum Benth.
Synonyms: Myrrhinium atropurpureum octandrum Burret, Myrrhinium atropurpureum

octandrum Hook. & Arn., Myrrhinium atropurpureum octandrum O. Berg
Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 815; Landrum, L. R., 1986: 146.
Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Myrrhinium lanceolatum Burret
Myrrhinium lanceolatum Burret = Myrrhinium atropurpureum var. octandrum Benth.

Reference: FP 760: 815; Landrum, L. R., 1986: 146.
Myrrhinium peruvianum O. Berg
Myrrhinium peruvianum O. Berg = Myrrhinium atropurpureum var. octandrum Benth.
Myrrhis andicola Kunth
Myrrhis andicola Kunth = Oreomyrrhis andicola (Kunth) Hook. f.
Reference: FP 1293: 85; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1953: 365; Mathias, M. E. &
L. Constance, 1976: 57.
Myrsine andina (Mez) Pipoly
Myrsine andina (Mez) Pipoly
Synonyms: Myrsine andina Mez

Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Pasco, San Martín.
Myrsine ardisioides Kunth
Myrsine ardisioides Kunth = Stylogyne micrantha (Kunth) Mez
Myrsine brevis (J.F. Macbr.) Pipoly

Myrsine brevis (J.F. Macbr.) Pipoly
Synonyms: Myrsine brevis J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II-III: forests. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7025* (F), López & Sagástegui 8172 (HUT, MO!)
Myrsine bullata Pipoly
Myrsine bullata Pipoly

Voucher: Young 1572* (MO!), Young 3721 (F!)
Myrsine caballeria Miq.
Myrsine caballeria Miq. = Myrsine latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Sprengel
Myrsine ciliata Kunth
Myrsine ciliata Kunth = Myrsine dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.
Reference: FP 1335: 167; Pipoly III, J. J., 1992: 3.
Myrsine coriacea (Sw.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult.
Myrsine coriacea (Sw.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult.
Synonyms: Myrsine coriacea (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez, Myrsine coriacea (Zahlbr.) Mez,
Myrsine coriacea Presl, Myrsine coriacea Ruiz & Pav., Myrsine coriacea Sw., Myrsine
coriacea Zahlbr.
Reference: Lundell, C. L., 1971: 288; Pipoly III, J. J., 1992: 7.
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-III: cloud forests, disturbed areas, shrublands.
500-4000 m.
Voucher: Stein & Todzia 2122 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, San
Martín.
Myrsine dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.
Myrsine dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.
Synonyms: Myrsine dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult., Myrsine dependens (Ruiz
Lopez & Pavon) Mez, Myrsine dependens Kunth, Myrsine dependens Lundell, Myrsine
dependens Ruiz & Pav., Myrsine dependens Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 3000-4500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Smith & Goodwin 8933 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín,
Pasco, San Martín.
Myrsine diazii Pipoly
Myrsine diazii Pipoly

Voucher: Díaz & Campos 3681* (MO!), Díaz & Campos 3726 (MO!)
Myrsine dilloniana Pipoly
Myrsine dilloniana Pipoly

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: elfin forests. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Barbour 3257* (MO!)
$
Myrsine erythroxyloides Benth.
Myrsine erythroxyloides Benth. = Myrsine manglilla (Lam.) R. Br.
Myrsine fosteri Pipoly
Myrsine fosteri Pipoly

Voucher: Foster et al. 7636* (MO!), Smith 2762 (MO!)
Myrsine jelskii Zahlbr.
Myrsine jelskii Zahlbr. = Myrsine coriacea (Sw.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult.
Reference: FP 1335: 169; Pipoly III, J. J., 1992: 8.
Myrsine latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Sprengel
Myrsine latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Sprengel
Synonyms: Myrsine latifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez, Myrsine latifolia Miq., Myrsine
latifolia Pavon ex DC., Myrsine latifolia Roem. & Schult., Myrsine latifolia Ruiz &
Pav.
Ecology: Native treelet. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (P), Campos 774 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Madre de Dios,
Pasco, San Martín.
$
Myrsine lechleri (Mez) Pipoly
Myrsine lechleri (Mez) Pipoly
Synonyms: Myrsine lechleri Mez

Departments: Puno.
Myrsine leuconeura Mart.
Myrsine leuconeura Mart. = Rapanea leuconeura (C. Martius) Mez

Note: NN
Myrsine manglilla (Lam.) R. Br.
Myrsine manglilla (Lam.) R. Br.
Synonyms: Myrsine manglilla (Lam.) Dombey ex Lam., Myrsine manglilla (Lam.) Lam.,
Myrsine manglilla (Lam.) Willd., Myrsine manglilla (Lamarck) Mez, Myrsine manglilla
Benth., Myrsine manglilla Domb. ex Lamarck, Myrsine manglilla J.F. Gmel., Myrsine
manglilla Lam., Myrsine manglilla Pers., Myrsine manglilla Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native tree. Coastal: swamps. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Stork & Horton 9151 (MO!)
Myrsine microdonta Pipoly
Myrsine microdonta Pipoly

Voucher: Sagástegui et al. 11903* (MO!)
$
Myrsine minutiflora Pipoly
Myrsine minutiflora Pipoly

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Valencia 2379* (US!, USM), Cano 2378 (US!, USM)
Departments: Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura.
Myrsine oligophylla Zahlbr.
Myrsine oligophylla Zahlbr.
Synonyms: Myrsine oligophylla (Zahlbr.) Mez

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Jelski 13* (W), Sagástegui 14041 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Junín, La Libertad, Pasco.
Myrsine pearcei (Mez) Pipoly
Myrsine pearcei (Mez) Pipoly
Synonyms: Myrsine pearcei Mez

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 2500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (K), Peyton et al. 162 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Myrsine pellucida (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.
Myrsine pellucida (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.
Synonyms: Myrsine pellucida (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult., Myrsine pellucida (Ruiz
Lopez & Pavon) Mez, Myrsine pellucida Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Mez, C., 1902: 394; Pipoly III, J. J., 1992: 8.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Woytkowski 6845 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, San
Martín.
Myrsine reynelii Pipoly
Myrsine reynelii Pipoly

Voucher: Díaz et al. 3180* (MO!), Díaz & Vásquez 3006 (MO)
Departments: Piura.
Myrsine rivularis (Mez) Pipoly
Myrsine rivularis (Mez) Pipoly
Synonyms: Myrsine rivularis Mez

Voucher: Weberbauer 1061* (B frag. F)
Departments: Puno.
Myrsine sessiliflora (Mez) Pipoly
Myrsine sessiliflora (Mez) Pipoly
Synonyms: Myrsine sessiliflora Mez

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: cloud forests, elfin forests. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4324* (B photo F!), Smith & Sánchez 4303 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, San Martín.
$
Myrsine spicata Kunth
Myrsine spicata Kunth = Cybianthus spicatus (H.B.K.) G. Agostini
Reference: Agostini, G., 1980: 146; Pipoly III, J. J., 1983: 74.
Myrsine sprucei (Mez) Pipoly
Myrsine sprucei (Mez) Pipoly
Synonyms: Myrsine sprucei Mez

Voucher: Spruce 4251* (K), Ferreyra 15594 (MO!, USM)
Myrsine tomentosa Presl
Myrsine tomentosa Presl = Myrsine coriacea (Sw.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult.
Myrsine venosissima (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Sprengel
Myrsine venosissima (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Sprengel = Gentlea propinqua (Kunth)
Lundell
Myrsine verticillata C. Presl
Myrsine verticillata C. Presl = Cybianthus pastensis (Mez) G. Agostini
$
Myrsine weberbaueri (Mez) J. J. Pipoly, III
Myrsine weberbaueri (Mez) J. J. Pipoly, III
Synonyms: Myrsine weberbaueri Mez

Voucher: Weberbauer 3457* & 3462* [syntypes] (B photo F!), Schunke 10488 (MO!)
Myrsine youngii Pipoly
Myrsine youngii Pipoly

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Young & León 4495* (F!)
Myrteola acerosa (O. Berg) Burret
Myrteola acerosa (O. Berg) Burret
Synonyms: Myrteola acerosa O. Berg

Reference: Flora Peru: 760: 806; Landrum, L. R., 1988: 122.
Voucher: Fielding 1448* (LE), Hutchison & Wright 5516 (MO!)
Myrteola microphylla (Humb. & Bonpl.) O. Berg
Myrteola microphylla (Humb. & Bonpl.) O. Berg
$
Myrteola microphylla (Humb. & Bonpl.) O. Berg var.microphylla
Myrteola microphylla (Humb. & Bonpl.) O. Berg var. microphylla
Reference: Holst, pers. comm..

Myrteola microphylla var. angustifolia O. Berg
Myrteola microphylla var. angustifolia O. Berg = Myrteola phylicoides var.

phylicoides
Reference: FP 760: 807; Landrum, L. R., 1988: 124; Landrum, L. R., 1991: 199.
Note: NN
Myrteola microphylla var. australis Diels
Myrteola microphylla var. australis Diels = Myrteola phylicoides var. glabrata (O.
Berg) Landrum
Myrteola microphylla var. glabrata O. Berg
Myrteola microphylla var. glabrata O. Berg = Myrteola phylicoides var. glabrata (O.
Berg) Landrum
Myrteola microphylla var. latifolia O. Berg
Myrteola microphylla var. latifolia O. Berg = Myrteola phylicoides var. phylicoides

Note: NN
$
Myrteola myrsinoides (H.B.K.) O. Berg
Myrteola myrsinoides (H.B.K.) O. Berg = Myrcianthes myrsinoides (Kunth) Grifo
Myrteola nannophylla Burret
Myrteola nannophylla Burret = Myrteola nummularia (Poir.) O. Berg
Myrteola nummularia (Poir.) O. Berg
Myrteola nummularia (Poir.) O. Berg
Synonyms: Myrteola nummularia, Myrteola nummularia (Benth.) O. Berg, Myrteola

nummularia Benth., Myrteola nummularia Burret, Myrteola nummularia Kunth, Myrteola
nummularia McVaugh, Myrteola nummularia Poir.
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean II: bogs, elfin forests, grasslands. 2500-
3500 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco.
Myrteola oxycoccoides (Benth.) O. Berg
Myrteola oxycoccoides (Benth.) O. Berg = Myrteola nummularia (Poir.) O. Berg
Myrteola phylicoides var.glabrata (O. Berg) Landrum

Myrteola phylicoides var. glabrata (O. Berg) Landrum
Synonyms: Myrteola phylicoides glabrata Diels, Myrteola phylicoides var. glabrata

Diels, Myrteola phylicoides var. glabrata O. Berg
Reference: Landrum, L. R., 1988: 124; Landrum, L. R., 1991: 199.
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: cloud forests, elfin forests, shrublands.
2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Lechler s.n.* (P), Smith 7778 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Pasco, Puno.
Myrteola phylicoides var.phylicoides
Myrteola phylicoides var. phylicoides
Synonyms: Myrteola phylicoides (Humb. & Bonpl.) O. Berg var. phylicoides, Myrteola
phylicoides phylicoides Benth., Myrteola phylicoides phylicoides Humb. & Bonpl.,
Myrteola phylicoides var. phylicoides O. Berg, Myrteola phylicoides var.
phylicoides O. Berg
Reference: Landrum, L. R., 1988: 124; Landrum, L. R., 1991: 199.
Myrteola vaccinioides var. carabaya McVaugh
Myrteola vaccinioides var. carabaya McVaugh = Myrteola nummularia (Poir.) O. Berg
Myrteola vaccinioides var. vaccinioides
Myrteola vaccinioides var. vaccinioides = Myrteola nummularia (Poir.) O. Berg
Myrteola weberbaueri Diels
Myrteola weberbaueri Diels = Myrteola phylicoides var. glabrata (O. Berg) Landrum
Reference: FP 760: 809; Landrum, L. R., 1988: 124; Landrum, L. R., 1991: 199.
Myrtus acerosa O. Berg
Myrtus acerosa O. Berg = Myrteola acerosa (O. Berg) Burret
Myrtus acka Jussieu ex DC.
Myrtus acka Jussieu ex DC. = Acca macrostema (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) McVaugh

Note: Not included in Landrum (1986).
Myrtus acuminata Kunth
Myrtus acuminata Kunth = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrtus arayan Kunth
Myrtus arayan Kunth = Psidium arayan (Kunth) Burret

Note: NN
Myrtus bicolor Kunth
Myrtus bicolor Kunth = Myrcianthes discolor (Kunth) McVaugh

$
Myrtus biflora L.
Myrtus biflora L. = Eugenia biflora (L.) DC.
Myrtus calophylla Kunth
Myrtus calophylla Kunth = Calycolpus calophyllus (Kunth) O. Berg
Myrtus complicata Kunth
Myrtus complicata Kunth = Myrcia fallax (Rich.) DC.
Myrtus compressa Kunth
Myrtus compressa Kunth = Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh
Myrtus discolor Kunth
Myrtus discolor Kunth = Myrcianthes discolor (Kunth) McVaugh
$
Myrtus fimbriata Kunth
Myrtus fimbriata Kunth = Myrcianthes fimbriata (Kunth) McVaugh
Myrtus foliosa Kunth
Myrtus foliosa Kunth = Myrcianthes foliosa (Kunth) McVaugh

Note: NN
Myrtus fragrans Ruiz ex O. Berg
Myrtus fragrans Ruiz ex O. Berg = Myrcia multiflora (Lam.) DC.
Myrtus fragrans Sw.
Myrtus fragrans Sw. = Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh
Myrtus limbata Kunth
Myrtus limbata Kunth = Myrcianthes fragrans (Sw.) McVaugh
Myrtus lindleyana Kunth

Myrtus lindleyana Kunth = Myrcianthes lindleyana (Kunth) McVaugh
Myrtus lucida L.
Myrtus lucida L. = Myrcia sylvatica (G. Meyer) DC.
Myrtus malpighioides Kunth
Myrtus malpighioides Kunth = Eugenia malpighioides (Kunth) DC.
Myrtus microphylla Humb. & Bonpl.
Myrtus microphylla Humb. & Bonpl. = Myrteola phylicoides var. phylicoides

Note: NN
Myrtus mollis Kunth
Myrtus mollis Kunth = Myrcia mollis (Kunth) DC.
Myrtus myrciopsis Kuntze
Myrtus myrciopsis Kuntze = Myrcianthes osteomeloides (Rusby) McVaugh

$
Myrtus myricoides Kunth
Myrtus myricoides Kunth = Ugni myricoides (Kunth) O. Berg

Note: NN
Myrtus myrsinoides Kunth
Myrtus myrsinoides Kunth = Myrcianthes myrsinoides (Kunth) Grifo
Myrtus nummularia Poir.
Myrtus nummularia Poir. = Myrteola nummularia (Poir.) O. Berg
Myrtus oleifolia Kunth
Myrtus oleifolia Kunth = Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC.
Myrtus osteomeloides Rusby
Myrtus osteomeloides Rusby = Myrcianthes osteomeloides (Rusby) McVaugh
$
Myrtus oxycoccoides Benth.
Myrtus oxycoccoides Benth. = Myrteola nummularia (Poir.) O. Berg
Myrtus phylicoides Benth.
Myrtus phylicoides Benth. = Myrteola phylicoides var. phylicoides

Note: NN
Myrtus punicifolia Kunth
Myrtus punicifolia Kunth = Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC.
Myrtus rhopaloides Kunth
Myrtus rhopaloides Kunth = Myrcianthes rhopaloides (Kunth) McVaugh
Myrtus salicifolia Kunth
Myrtus salicifolia Kunth = Blepharocalyx salicifolius (Kunth) O. Berg
Myrtus splendens Sw.

Myrtus splendens Sw. = Myrcia splendens var. splendens
Myrtus sylvaticus G. Meyer
Myrtus sylvaticus G. Meyer = Myrcia sylvatica (G. Meyer) DC.
Myrtus umbraticola Kunth
Myrtus umbraticola Kunth = Marlierea umbraticola (Kunth) O. Berg
Myrtus vaccinioides Kunth
Myrtus vaccinioides Kunth = Myrteola nummularia (Poir.) O. Berg
Nacibea coccinea Aubl.
Nacibea coccinea Aubl. = Manettia reclinata Mutis ex L.
Nacibea mutabilis (Pers.) Poir.
Nacibea mutabilis (Pers.) Poir. = Manettia racemosa Ruiz & Pav.

Nageia rospigliosii (Pilg.) Laubenf.
Nageia rospigliosii (Pilg.) Laubenf.
Synonyms: Nageia rospigliosii, Nageia rospigliosii Pilg.

Reference: Laubenfels, D. J. de, 1969: 347; Laubenfels, D. J. de, 1991: 60.
Note: Often cultivated.
Voucher: Esposto s.n.* (B), Smith & Brack 7634 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Pasco.
Najas arguta Kunth
Najas arguta Kunth
Synonyms: Najas arguta Schrad.

Reference: Flora Peru: 632: 89; Haynes, R. R. & L. B. Holm-Nielsen, 1986: 78.
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Amazonian: emergent. 0-500 m.
Najas guadalupensis (Sprengel) Magnus
Najas guadalupensis (Sprengel) Magnus
Synonyms: Najas guadalupensis Sprengel

Reference: Flora Peru: 632: 89; Haynes, R. R. & L. B. Holm-Nielsen, 1986: 78.
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Coastal: emergent. 0-500 m.
Note: The Flora of Peru uses an incorrect author citation, "Naias guadalupensis
(Sprengel) Morong."
Voucher: Asplund 13898 (F!)
Departments: Lima, La Libertad, Piura.
Najas podostemon Magnus

Najas podostemon Magnus
Reference: Haynes, R. R. & L. B. Holm-Nielsen, 1986: 80.

Note: No voucher cited by Haynes & Holm-Nielsen, 1986e.
Najas tenera Schrad.
Najas tenera Schrad. = Najas arguta Kunth
Nama angustifolium (A. Gray) A. Nelson
Nama angustifolium (A. Gray) A. Nelson = Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Choisy
Nama convolvuloides Willd. ex Schult.
Nama convolvuloides Willd. ex Schult. = Evolvulus convolvuloides (Willd. ex

Schult.) Stearn
Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Choisy
Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Choisy
Synonyms: Nama dichotomum (A. Gray) A. Nelson, Nama dichotomum (A. Gray) Brand,
Nama dichotomum (A. Gray) Heller, Nama dichotomum (Brand) Hitchcock, Nama
dichotomum (Philippi) Brand, Nama dichotomum (Philippi) Kuntze, Nama dichotomum
(Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze, Nama dichotomum A. Gray, Nama dichotomum Brand, Nama
dichotomum Choisy ex A. Gray, Nama dichotomum Pavon ex Choisy, Nama dichotomum
Philippi, Nama dichotomum Ruiz & Pav., Nama dichotomum Wooton & Standl.
Ecology. 0-4000 m.
Voucher: Dillon 3320 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, La Libertad,
Moquegua, Piura, Tacna.
$
Nama dichotomum fo. stricta (Philippi) Brand
Nama dichotomum fo. stricta (Philippi) Brand = Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Choisy
Nama dichotomum subsp. angustifolium (A. Gray) Brand
Nama dichotomum subsp. angustifolium (A. Gray) Brand = Nama dichotomum (Ruiz &
Pav.) Choisy
Nama dichotomum subsp. eu-dichotomum Brand
Nama dichotomum subsp. eu-dichotomum Brand = Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Choisy
Nama dichotomum var. amplifolium (Brand) Hitchcock
Nama dichotomum var. amplifolium (Brand) Hitchcock = Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.)
Choisy
Nama dichotomum var. angustifolium A. Gray
Nama dichotomum var. angustifolium A. Gray = Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Choisy

$
Nama dichotomum var. pauciflora Choisy ex A. Gray
Nama dichotomum var. pauciflora Choisy ex A. Gray = Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.)
Choisy
Nama jamaicensis L.
Nama jamaicensis L.

Nama rupicola Bonpland ex Choisy
Nama rupicola Bonpland ex Choisy

Note: Not known from Peru. The Flora of Peru states that the Ruiz & Pavón
s.n. collection, although cited as from Peru, is probably from Mexico.
Nama stricta Philippi
Nama stricta Philippi = Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Choisy
Nama tetrandra Pavon ex Choisy
Nama tetrandra Pavon ex Choisy = Nama dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Choisy
Nama undulatum Kunth
Nama undulatum Kunth

Nama zeylanica L.
Nama zeylanica L. = Hydrolea zeylanica (L.) Vahl
Nanodes discolor Lindl.
Nanodes discolor Lindl. = Epidendrum schlechterianum Ames

Note: NN
Napeanthus loretensis L. E. Skog
Napeanthus loretensis L. E. Skog

Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: rocky slopes. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 2159* (US!, USM!)
Narcissus amancaes Ruiz & Pav.

Narcissus amancaes Ruiz & Pav. = Ismene amancaes (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert
Reference: FP 1190: 671; Meerow, A. W., 1990: 24.
Nardus indica L. f.
Nardus indica L. f. = Microchloa indica (L. f.) P. Beauv.
Nasonia hartwegii Rchb. f.
Nasonia hartwegii Rchb. f. = Fernandezia hartwegii (Reichenbach f.) Garay & Dunst.
Nasonia ionanthera Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Nasonia ionanthera Rchb. f. & Warsz. = Fernandezia ionanthera (Rchb. f. & Warsz.)
Schltr.
Nasonia punctata Lindl.
Nasonia punctata Lindl. = Fernandezia maculata Garay & Dunst.
Nasonia sanguinea Lindl.
Nasonia sanguinea Lindl. = Fernandezia sanguinea (Lindl.) Garay & Dunst.

Nassella asplundii Hitchc.
Nassella asplundii Hitchc.
Reference: Tovar, O., 1981: 111.

Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lima, Puno.
Nassella ayacuchensis (Tovar) Barkworth
Nassella ayacuchensis (Tovar) Barkworth
Synonyms: Nassella ayacuchensis Tovar

Reference: Barkworth, M. E., 1990: 609.
Voucher: Tovar 5492* (US)
Nassella brachyphylla (Hitchc.) Barkworth
Nassella brachyphylla (Hitchc.) Barkworth
Synonyms: Nassella brachyphylla Hitchc.

Voucher: Hitchcock 22161 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Junín, La Libertad,
Pasco, Puno.
Nassella caespitosa Griseb.
Nassella caespitosa Griseb. = Nassella inconspicua (J. Presl) Barkworth

Reference: FP 719: 180; Barkworth, M. E., 1990: 610.
Nassella depauperata (Pilg.) Barkworth
Nassella depauperata (Pilg.) Barkworth
Synonyms: Nassella depauperata Pilg., Nassella depauperata Pilg., Nassella

depauperata Pilg.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: riversides. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6903* (B), Weberbauer 6906 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima,
Pasco.
Nassella huallancaensis (Tovar) Barkworth
Nassella huallancaensis (Tovar) Barkworth
Synonyms: Nassella huallancaensis Tovar

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: riversides. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Tovar et al. 9880* (USM)
Nassella inconspicua (J. Presl) Barkworth
Nassella inconspicua (J. Presl) Barkworth
Synonyms: Nassella inconspicua Griseb., Nassella inconspicua J. Presl, Nassella

inconspicua Trin. & Rupr., Nassella inconspicua Trin. & Rupr.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Macbride & Featherstone 2033 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima,
Pasco, Puno.
$
Nassella linearifolia (E. Fourn.) R.W. Pohl
Nassella linearifolia (E. Fourn.) R.W. Pohl
Synonyms: Nassella linearifolia E. Fourn.

Reference: Pohl, R. W., 1980: 336.
Voucher: Davis et al. 1738 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Nassella mexicana (Hitchc.) R.W. Pohl
Nassella mexicana (Hitchc.) R.W. Pohl
Synonyms: Nassella mexicana Hitchc.

4000 m.
Voucher: Sánchez & Torrel 2734 (MO!)
Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno, San Martín.
Nassella meyeniana (Trin. & Rupr.) Parodi
Nassella meyeniana (Trin. & Rupr.) Parodi
Synonyms: Nassella meyeniana Trin. & Rupr.

Reference: Parodi, L. R., 1947: 379; Tovar, O., 1957: 75; Tovar, O., 1981: 111.
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (LE), Peyton & Peyton 646 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín.
Nassella mucronata (Kunth) R.W. Pohl
Nassella mucronata (Kunth) R.W. Pohl
Synonyms: Nassella mucronata J. Presl, Nassella mucronata Kunth, Nassella mucronata

Nees & Meyen
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, lomas. 1000-3500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco,
Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, Pasco, Piura, Puno.
Nassella nardoides (Philippi) Barkworth
Nassella nardoides (Philippi) Barkworth
Synonyms: Nassella nardoides (Philippi) Hack. ex Hitchc., Nassella nardoides

Philippi
Voucher: Hitchcock 22350 (F!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cajamarca, Moquegua.
Nassella neesiana (Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth
Nassella neesiana (Trin. & Rupr.) Barkworth
Synonyms: Nassella neesiana Trin. & Rupr.

Voucher: Llatas 88 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Lima.
Nassella pubiflora (Trin. & Rupr.) Desv.
Nassella pubiflora (Trin. & Rupr.) Desv.
Synonyms: Nassella pubiflora Ball, Nassella pubiflora Pilg., Nassella pubiflora

Steud. ex Lechler, Nassella pubiflora Trin. & Rupr., Nassella pubiflora Trin. &
Rupr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 176; Parodi, L. R., 1947: 377.
2500-4500 m.
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (LE), Goodspeed et al. 11607 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica,
Junín, Lima, Moquegua, Piura, Puno.
$
Nassella smithii (Hitchc.) Barkworth
Nassella smithii (Hitchc.) Barkworth
Synonyms: Nassella smithii Hitchc.

Departments: Lima.
Nassella soukupii (Tovar) Barkworth
Nassella soukupii (Tovar) Barkworth
Synonyms: Nassella soukupii Tovar

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: disturbed areas. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Tovar 2814* (US)
Nassella wurdackii (Tovar) Barkworth
Nassella wurdackii (Tovar) Barkworth
Synonyms: Nassella wurdackii Tovar

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Nasturtium bonariense DC.
Nasturtium bonariense DC. = Rorippa bonariensis (Poir.) Macloskie

Nasturtium clandestinum Sprengel
Nasturtium clandestinum Sprengel = Rorippa clandestina var. clandestina
Nasturtium clandestinum var. brevistylum O.E. Schulz
Nasturtium clandestinum var. brevistylum O.E. Schulz = Rorippa clandestina var.

clandestina
Nasturtium clandestinum var. sodiroi O.E. Schulz
Nasturtium clandestinum var. sodiroi O.E. Schulz = Rorippa clandestina var. sodiroi
(O.E. Schulz) J.F. Macbr.
Nasturtium eggersii O.E. Schulz
Nasturtium eggersii O.E. Schulz = Rorippa eggersii (O.E. Schulz) J.F. Macbr.

Note: NN
Nasturtium erectum Trev. ex Sweet
Nasturtium erectum Trev. ex Sweet = Rorippa bonariensis (Poir.) Macloskie

Nasturtium fontanum (Lam.) Aschers.
Nasturtium fontanum (Lam.) Aschers. = Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek
Nasturtium nanum (Schlect.) Wedd.
Nasturtium nanum (Schlect.) Wedd. = Rorippa nana (Schlecht.) J.F. Macbr.
Nasturtium officinale R. Br.
Nasturtium officinale R. Br. = Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum (L.) Hayek
Nasturtium sarmentosum O.E. Schulz
Nasturtium sarmentosum O.E. Schulz = Rorippa sarmentosa (Soland. ex Forst.) J.F.

Macbr.
Nasturtium sinapis (Burm. f.) O.E. Schulz
Nasturtium sinapis (Burm. f.) O.E. Schulz = Rorippa indica (L.) Hiern

$
Nastus chusque Kunth
Nastus chusque Kunth = Chusquea scandens Kunth
Nathusia americana Zahlbr.
Nathusia americana Zahlbr. = Schrebera americana (Zahlbr.) Gilg
Nauclea aculeata Kunth
Nauclea aculeata Kunth = Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) DC.
Nauclea tomentosa Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Nauclea tomentosa Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. = Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. ex Roem. &
Schult.) DC.
Naucleopsis amara Ducke
Naucleopsis amara Ducke = Naucleopsis ulei (Warb.) Ducke
Reference: Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 49;
Berg, pers. comm..
$
Naucleopsis caloneura (Huber) Ducke
Naucleopsis caloneura (Huber) Ducke
Synonyms: Naucleopsis caloneura (Huber) J.F. Macbr., Naucleopsis caloneura Huber

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 116; Berg, pers. comm..
Naucleopsis concinna (Standl.) C.C. Berg
Naucleopsis concinna (Standl.) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Naucleopsis concinna Standl.

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 133; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz
de Ortega, 1989: 51.
Naucleopsis glabra Spruce ex Baill.
Naucleopsis glabra Spruce ex Baill.
Synonyms: Naucleopsis glabra J.F. Macbr., Naucleopsis glabra Mildbr., Naucleopsis

glabra Spruce ex Mildbraed
Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 319; Berg, C. C., 1972: 119; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz,
P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 54.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme
forests. 0-500 m.
Note: Validating author often listed as Baillon.
Voucher: Grandez et al. 498 (MO!)
Naucleopsis imitans (Ducke) C.C. Berg
Naucleopsis imitans (Ducke) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Naucleopsis imitans Ducke

Naucleopsis krukovii (Standl.) C.C. Berg
Naucleopsis krukovii (Standl.) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Naucleopsis krukovii Standl.

Voucher: Schunke 12245 (MO!, USM!)
Naucleopsis mello-barretoi (Standl.) C.C. Berg
Naucleopsis mello-barretoi (Standl.) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Naucleopsis mello-barretoi Standl.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Encarnación 26257 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Pasco, Ucayali.
Naucleopsis pseudonaga (Mildbr.) C.C. Berg
Naucleopsis pseudonaga (Mildbr.) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Naucleopsis pseudonaga Mildbr.

Naucleopsis ternstroemiiflora (Mildbr.) C.C. Berg

Naucleopsis ternstroemiiflora (Mildbr.) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Naucleopsis ternstroemiiflora Mildbr.

Naucleopsis ulei (Warb.) Ducke
Naucleopsis ulei (Warb.) Ducke
Synonyms: Naucleopsis ulei (Warb.) J.F. Macbr., Naucleopsis ulei Ducke, Naucleopsis
ulei Warb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 320; Berg, C. C., 1972: 139; Berg, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand, terra firme
forests. 0-1000 m.
Note: Treated in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of Ogcodeia ulei.
Voucher: Castro 337 (MO!)
Martín, Ucayali.
Nautilocalyx bullatus (Lemaire) Sprague
Nautilocalyx bullatus (Lemaire) Sprague
Synonyms: Nautilocalyx bullatus Lemaire

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Wallis s.n.* , Schunke 5048 (USM!)
Nautilocalyx forgetii (Sprague) Sprague
Nautilocalyx forgetii (Sprague) Sprague
Synonyms: Nautilocalyx forgetii Sprague

Ecology: Cultivated herb. .
Note: Known only from cultivated material collected in Peru.
Voucher: Cult. Hort. Kew.* (K), Plowman et al. 6654 (USM!)
Nautilocalyx hirsutus (Sprague) Sprague
Nautilocalyx hirsutus (Sprague) Sprague
Synonyms: Nautilocalyx hirsutus Sprague

Voucher: Cult. Hort. Kew.* (K)
Nautilocalyx lynchii (Hook. f.) Sprague
Nautilocalyx lynchii (Hook. f.) Sprague
Synonyms: Nautilocalyx lynchii Hook. f.

Note: Known only from cultivated material probably collected in Peru.
Voucher: Lynch s.n.* (K)
Nautilocalyx minutiflorus L.E. Skog
Nautilocalyx minutiflorus L.E. Skog = Reldia minutiflora (L.E. Skog) L.P. Kvist &
L.E. Skog var. minutiflora
Nautilocalyx pallidus (Sprague) Sprague
Nautilocalyx pallidus (Sprague) Sprague
Synonyms: Nautilocalyx pallidus Sprague

Voucher: Forget s.n.* (K), Schunke 2837 (USM!)
Nautilocalyx peruvianus Wiehler
Nautilocalyx peruvianus Wiehler

Voucher: Wiehler 76177* (SEL)
Nautilocalyx picturatus L. E. Skog
Nautilocalyx picturatus L. E. Skog

Nautilocalyx whitei Rusby
Nautilocalyx whitei Rusby

Note: Not reconfirmed. ; no Peruvian specimens cited by Wiehler (1978).
Navarretia gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Kuntze
Navarretia gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Kuntze = Phlox gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker)

Greene

$
Navicularia hirta Raddi
Navicularia hirta Raddi = Ichnanthus hirtus (Raddi) Chase
Reference: Stieber, M. T., 1982: 102.
Nazia aliena (Spreng.) Scribn.
Nazia aliena (Spreng.) Scribn. = Tragus berteronianus Schult.
Reference: FP 719: 184; Anton, A. M., 1981: 58.
Nealchornea yapurensis Huber
Nealchornea yapurensis Huber

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Schunke 6573 (UCLA at MO!)
Martín, Ucayali.
Nectandra acuminata (Nees & C. Mart.) J.F. Macbr.
Nectandra acuminata (Nees & C. Mart.) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Nectandra acuminata Nees & C. Mart.

Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 915; Rohwer, pers. comm..
$
Nectandra acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Nectandra acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Synonyms: Nectandra acutifolia Meisn., Nectandra acutifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II-III: forests. 500-2500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G, K), Jelski 181 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco.
Nectandra amazonum var. glabrata Meisn.
Nectandra amazonum var. glabrata Meisn. = Nectandra maynensis Mez
Nectandra amplifolia Mez
Nectandra amplifolia Mez = Pleurothyrium amplifolium (Mez) Rohwer
Reference: Rohwer, J. G., 1986: 43.

Note: NN
Nectandra arnottiana Nees
Nectandra arnottiana Nees = Ocotea arnottiana (Nees) van der Werff
Reference: FP 610: 916; Werff, H. van der, 1989: 1175.
Nectandra berchemiaefolia Meisn.
Nectandra berchemiaefolia Meisn. = Nectandra acutifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
$
Nectandra breaparinensis O. Schmidt
Nectandra breaparinensis O. Schmidt = Nectandra maynensis Mez
Reference: FP 610: 916; Rohwer, J. G., 1986: 50; Rohwer, pers. comm..
Nectandra brittonii Mez
Nectandra brittonii Mez
Reference: Rohwer, pers. comm..

Voucher: Schunke 5687 (F, HBG!)
Departments: San Martín, Pasco.
Nectandra canescens Nees & C. Mart.
Nectandra canescens Nees & C. Mart.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Williams 2863 (F!)
Nectandra capanahuensis O. Schmidt
Nectandra capanahuensis O. Schmidt = ?
Reference: FP 610: 916; Rohwer, pers. comm..
Nectandra cissiflora Nees
Nectandra cissiflora Nees

Synonyms: Nectandra cissiflora Meisn.
Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 916; Rohwer, J. G., 1986: 73; Rohwer, pers. comm..
Voucher: Poeppig 3061* (B)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Martín.
Nectandra citrifolia Mez & Rusby
Nectandra citrifolia Mez & Rusby

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. .
Voucher: Woytkowski 35156 (F!, MAD!)
Nectandra comasensis O. Schmidt
Nectandra comasensis O. Schmidt = ?
Nectandra coto Rusby
Nectandra coto Rusby = Aniba coto (Rusby) Kosterm.
Nectandra crassipes Meisn.
Nectandra crassipes Meisn. = Nectandra longifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees
$
Nectandra cuneatocordata Mez
Nectandra cuneatocordata Mez

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Mathias & Taylor 6076 (F!, LA!)
Nectandra cuspidata Nees & C. Mart.
Nectandra cuspidata Nees & C. Mart.
Synonyms: Nectandra cuspidata Mez

Voucher: Stein & Todzia 2396 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco.
Nectandra dioica Mez
Nectandra dioica Mez = Rhodostemonodaphne dioica (Mez) Rohwer

Note: NN
Nectandra discolor (Kunth) Nees
Nectandra discolor (Kunth) Nees
Synonyms: Nectandra discolor Kunth

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: forests. .
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Junín, San Martín.
$
Nectandra elongata Mez
Nectandra elongata Mez = Nectandra longifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees
Nectandra embirensis Coe-Teix.
Nectandra embirensis Coe-Teix.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Nectandra furcata (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees
Nectandra furcata (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees
Synonyms: Nectandra furcata Ruiz & Pav.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón 478* (G)
Nectandra globosa (Aubl.) Mez
Nectandra globosa (Aubl.) Mez
Synonyms: Nectandra globosa Aubl.

Nectandra herrerae O. Schmidt

Nectandra herrerae O. Schmidt
Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 919; Rohwer, J. G., 1986: 72.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Herrera 2662* (B), Gentry 44146 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Nectandra intermedia Mez
Nectandra intermedia Mez = Pleurothyrium intermedium (Mez) Rohwer
Nectandra japurensis Nees & C. Mart.
Nectandra japurensis Nees & C. Mart.
Synonyms: Nectandra japurensis (Meisn.) Mez, Nectandra japurensis Meisn.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G), Croat 17897 (MO!)
Nectandra jelskii Mez
Nectandra jelskii Mez = Nectandra lineatifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Note: TT
Nectandra laevis Mez
Nectandra laevis Mez = Nectandra membranacea (Sw.) Griseb.
$
Nectandra latifolia (Kunth) Mez
Nectandra latifolia (Kunth) Mez
Nectandra laurel Nees
Nectandra laurel Nees
Synonyms: Nectandra laurel Meisn.

Ecology: Native tree. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 1000-3000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco.
Nectandra laurel var. glabrescens Meisn.
Nectandra laurel var. glabrescens Meisn. = Nectandra laurel Nees
Reference: Rohwer, J. G., 1986: 62; Rohwer, pers. comm..
Nectandra limbata Nees
Nectandra limbata Nees = Licaria triandra (Sw.) Kosterm.
Reference: FP 610: 870; Kurz, H., 1983: 196.
Nectandra lineatifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Nectandra lineatifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez

Synonyms: Nectandra lineatifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch ex Nees, Nectandra
lineatifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Meisn., Nectandra lineatifolia Mez, Nectandra
lineatifolia Ruiz & Pav., Nectandra lineatifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón 477* (G)
Nectandra longifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees
Nectandra longifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees
Synonyms: Nectandra longifolia Meisn., Nectandra longifolia Mez, Nectandra

longifolia O.C. Schmidt, Nectandra longifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San
Martín.
Nectandra lucida Nees
Nectandra lucida Nees
Synonyms: Nectandra lucida O. Schmidt, Nectandra lucida O. Schmidt

Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Junín, Loreto.
Nectandra macbridei O.C. Schmidt
Nectandra macbridei O.C. Schmidt = Nectandra longifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees
$
Nectandra maranonensis O. Schmidt
Nectandra maranonensis O. Schmidt = Nectandra lucida Nees
Nectandra matthewsii Meisn.
Nectandra matthewsii Meisn.

Voucher: Mathews 1431* (NY), Killip & Smith 26697 (F!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín.
Nectandra maynensis Mez
Nectandra maynensis Mez
Synonyms: Nectandra maynensis Meisn., Nectandra maynensis O. Schmidt

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2343* (G-DC), Schunke 2044 (MO!)
Nectandra membranacea (Sw.) Griseb.
Nectandra membranacea (Sw.) Griseb.
Synonyms: Nectandra membranacea Mez, Nectandra membranacea O. Schmidt, Nectandra

membranacea O. Schmidt
Ecology. 0-2000 m.
Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
$
Nectandra microcarpa Meisn.
Nectandra microcarpa Meisn.

Voucher: Spruce 4191* (C)
Nectandra myriantha Meisn.
Nectandra myriantha Meisn. = Nectandra cissiflora Nees
Nectandra panurensis Meisn.
Nectandra panurensis Meisn. = Pleurothyrium panurense (Meisn.) Mez
Nectandra paucinervia Coe-Teixeira
Nectandra paucinervia Coe-Teixeira

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Nectandra pearcei Mez
Nectandra pearcei Mez

Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (K), Weberbauer 5027 (F)
Departments: Cuzco.
Nectandra pichurim (Kunth) Mez
Nectandra pichurim (Kunth) Mez
Nectandra pichurim var. cuprea Mez
Nectandra pichurim var. cuprea Mez = Nectandra cuspidata Nees & C. Mart.
Nectandra pichurim var.pichurim
Nectandra pichurim var. pichurim
Synonyms: Nectandra pichurim pichurim Kunth

Nectandra pulverulenta Nees
Nectandra pulverulenta Nees

Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San
Martín.
$
Nectandra punctata (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch ex Nees
Nectandra punctata (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch ex Nees
Nectandra punctata var. elongata (Meisn.) Mez
Nectandra punctata var. elongata (Meisn.) Mez = Nectandra japurensis Nees & C.
Mart.
Nectandra purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Nectandra purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Synonyms: Nectandra purpurea (Kunth) Mez, Nectandra purpurea Kunth, Nectandra

purpurea Ruiz & Pav.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B), Mexia 6228 (F!, MO!)
Nectandra raimondii O. Schmidt
Nectandra raimondii O. Schmidt = Nectandra membranacea (Sw.) Griseb.
Nectandra reticulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Nectandra reticulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Synonyms: Nectandra reticulata Kunth, Nectandra reticulata Nees, Nectandra

reticulata Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B!, F!), Poeppig 1237 (BM!, F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lambayeque,
Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Martín.
Nectandra rigida Nees
Nectandra rigida Nees = Nectandra reticulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Nectandra sawadai O. Schmidt
Nectandra sawadai O. Schmidt = Nectandra turbacensis (Kunth) Nees
Nectandra superba A.C. Sm.
Nectandra superba A.C. Sm. = Rhodostemonodaphne dioica (Mez) Rohwer

Note: NN
Nectandra tessmannii O. Schmidt
Nectandra tessmannii O. Schmidt = Nectandra lucida Nees
Nectandra trianae Mez

Nectandra trianae Mez = Pleurothyrium trianae (Mez) Rohwer
Reference: Burger, W. & H. van der Werff, 1990: 117.
Nectandra turbacensis (Kunth) Nees
Nectandra turbacensis (Kunth) Nees
Synonyms: Nectandra turbacensis Kunth, Nectandra turbacensis O. Schmidt

Voucher: Rodríguez 26 (F!, MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Moquegua.
Nectandra viburnoides Meisn.
Nectandra viburnoides Meisn.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Nectandra williamsii O. Schmidt
Nectandra williamsii O. Schmidt
Nectandra yarinensis O. Schmidt
Nectandra yarinensis O. Schmidt

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Neea cauliflora Heimerl
Neea cauliflora Heimerl = Neea floribunda Poepp. & Endl.
Neea divaricata Poepp. & Endl.
Neea divaricata Poepp. & Endl.

Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on
white sand, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1493* (B photo F!), Gentry 54557 (MO!)
Martín, Ucayali.
Neea floribunda Poepp. & Endl.
Neea floribunda Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Neea floribunda Heimerl

Voucher: Poeppig 2329* (B photo F!), Croat 18181 (MO!)
Martín.
Neea hirsuta Poepp. & Endl.
Neea hirsuta Poepp. & Endl.

Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Vásquez 4988 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Neea laxa Poepp. & Endl.
Neea laxa Poepp. & Endl.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas, terra
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* , Revilla 1613 (MO!)
San Martín.
Neea macrophylla Poepp. & Endl.
Neea macrophylla Poepp. & Endl.

Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-
1500 m.
Note: The Flora of Peru included Tessmann 4808 which I called Neea speciosa
Heimerl. But further study shows it is ined. There are five additional collections.
It appears to be an unpublished species.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (B photo F!), Berlin 437 (MO!)
Martín.
Neea oppositifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Neea oppositifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Gentry 51334 (MO!)
Departments: Junín, Madre de Dios.
$
Neea ovalifolia Spruce ex J.A. Schmidt
Neea ovalifolia Spruce ex J.A. Schmidt
Neea parviflora Poepp. & Endl.
Neea parviflora Poepp. & Endl.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests on white sand, terra
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (G photo F!), Ferreyra 4724 (MO!)
San Martín.
Neea spruceana Heimerl
Neea spruceana Heimerl
Synonyms: Neea spruceana Heimerl, Engl.

Voucher: Spruce 4858* (K), Chávez 1700 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Neea subpubescens Heimerl
Neea subpubescens Heimerl

m.
$
Neea verticillata Ruiz & Pav.
Neea verticillata Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white
sand, terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G photo F!), Vásquez 6560 (MO!)
Martín.
Neea virens Poepp. ex Heimerl
Neea virens Poepp. ex Heimerl

Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub, tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra
Voucher: Poeppig 1330* (B photo F!), Ayala 1532 (MO!)
Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Neea weberbaueri Heimerl, Engl.
Neea weberbaueri Heimerl, Engl. = Neea spruceana Heimerl
Neea williamsii Standl.
Neea williamsii Standl.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
$
Negretia elliptica Ruiz & Pav.
Negretia elliptica Ruiz & Pav. = Mucuna elliptica (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Negretia inflexa Ruiz & Pav.
Negretia inflexa Ruiz & Pav. = Mucuna elliptica (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Negretia platycarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Negretia platycarpa Ruiz & Pav. = Mucuna elliptica (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Neilreichia eupatorioides Fenzl
Neilreichia eupatorioides Fenzl = Schistocarpha eupatorioides (Fenzl) Kuntze
Neltuma juliflora (Sw.) Raf.
Neltuma juliflora (Sw.) Raf. = Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. var. juliflora
$
Nemastylis herrerae Vargas
Nemastylis herrerae Vargas = Mastigostyla herrerae (Vargas) Ravenna
Reference: Ravenna, P.F., 1962: 56.
Nemastylis huyanae J.F. Macbr.
Nemastylis huyanae J.F. Macbr. = Tigridia huyanae (J.F. Macbr.) Ravenna
Reference: FP 1199: 708; Ravenna, P., 1964: 60.
Nemastylis pearcei Baker
Nemastylis pearcei Baker = Tigridia pearcei (Baker) Ravenna
Nemastylis purruchucana (Herb.) Benth. ex Baker
Nemastylis purruchucana (Herb.) Benth. ex Baker = Tigridia purruchucana (Herb.)

Ravenna
Nematanthus heterophyllus Poepp.
Nematanthus heterophyllus Poepp. = Columnea anisophylla DC.
Note: nom. illeg.
Neobartlettia lobulata Mansf.
Neobartlettia lobulata Mansf. = Palmorchis lobulata (Mansf.) C. Schweinf. & Correll

$
Neobinghamia climaxantha (Werdermann) Backeb.
Neobinghamia climaxantha (Werdermann) Backeb. = XHaagespostoa climaxantha

(Werdermann) G.D. Rowley
Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 438; Rowley, G. D., 1982: 76; Hunt, D., 1992: 94.
Neobinghamia climaxantha var. armata Rauh & Backeb.
Neobinghamia climaxantha var. armata Rauh & Backeb. = XHaagespostoa climaxantha

Neobinghamia climaxantha var. lurinensis Rauh & Backeb.
Neobinghamia climaxantha var. lurinensis Rauh & Backeb. = XHaagespostoa climaxantha

Neobinghamia mirabilis Rauh & Backeb.
Neobinghamia mirabilis Rauh & Backeb. = XBorzipostoa mirabilis (Rauh & Backeb.)
G.D. Rowley
Neobinghamia multiareolata Rauh & Backeb.
Neobinghamia multiareolata Rauh & Backeb. = XHaagespostoa albisetata (Akers) G.D.

Rowley
Neobinghamia multiareolata var. superba Rauh & Backeb.
Neobinghamia multiareolata var. superba Rauh & Backeb. = XHaagespostoa albisetata

(Akers) G.D. Rowley
Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 444.
Neobinghamia villigera Rauh & Backeb.
Neobinghamia villigera Rauh & Backeb. = XHaagespostoa albisetata (Akers) G.D.

Rowley
Neocouma duckei Markgr.
Neocouma duckei Markgr. = Mucoa duckei (Markgr.) Zarucchi
Reference: FP 1343: 373; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau, & L. Stutz de Ortega,
1990: 420; Zarucchi, J. L., 1987: 42.
Neocuatrecasia cuzcoensis R.M. King & H. Rob.
Neocuatrecasia cuzcoensis R.M. King & H. Rob.

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean III: forests, grasslands. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Stein 2481* (US!, MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Neocuatrecasia dispar (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Neocuatrecasia dispar (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Neocuatrecasia dispar B. Robinson

Voucher: Pennell 13967* (F!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Neocuatrecasia hirtella R.M. King & H. Rob.
Neocuatrecasia hirtella R.M. King & H. Rob.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000-4500 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 617* (P photo US!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Neocuatrecasia mancoana (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Neocuatrecasia mancoana (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Neocuatrecasia mancoana B. Robinson

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II: riversides, rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Pennell 13767* (F!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Neocuatrecasia sessilifolia R.M. King & H. Rob.
Neocuatrecasia sessilifolia R.M. King & H. Rob.

Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Soukup 3146* (US!), Soukup 3658 (US)
$
Neocuatrecasia weddellii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Neocuatrecasia weddellii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Neocuatrecasia weddellii B. Robinson

Ecology: Endemic herb. Region uncertain: grasslands. .
Voucher: Weddell 4654* (P frag GH, photo US!)
Departments: Puno.
Neodryas densiflora Rchb. f.
Neodryas densiflora Rchb. f.

Ecology: Endemic emergent. .
Neodryas latilabia Smith & Harris
Neodryas latilabia Smith & Harris = Neodryas rhodoneura Rchb. f.
Neodryas mandonii Rchb. f.
Neodryas mandonii Rchb. f. = Neodryas rhodoneura Rchb. f.
Neodryas reniformis Smith & Harris
Neodryas reniformis Smith & Harris = Neodryas rhodoneura Rchb. f.

$
Neodryas rhodoneura Rchb. f.
Neodryas rhodoneura Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Neodryas rhodoneura Rchb. f., Neodryas rhodoneura Smith & Harris,
Neodryas rhodoneura Smith & Harris
Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Neodryas weberbaueriana (Kraenzlin) Schltr.
Neodryas weberbaueriana (Kraenzlin) Schltr.
Synonyms: Neodryas weberbaueriana Kraenzl.

Ecology. 1500-3500 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín.
Neokoehleria equitans Schltr.
Neokoehleria equitans Schltr. = Scelochilus equitans (Schltr.) Dodson & M.W. Chase
Neokoehleria markgrafii C. H. Friedrich
Neokoehleria markgrafii C. H. Friedrich = Scelochilus markgrafii (C. H. Friedrich)

Dodson & M.W. Chase
Reference: FP 1473: 774; Friedrich, H. C., 1957: 259.

Note: See new combination made in Appendix 1.
$
Neokoehleria paniculata C. Schweinf.
Neokoehleria paniculata C. Schweinf. = Scelochilus paniculatus (C. Schweinf.)

Dodson & M.W. Chase
Neokoehleria peruviana Schltr.
Neokoehleria peruviana Schltr. = Scelochilus peruvianus (Schltr.) Dodson & M.W.

Chase
Neokoehleria rauhii Senghas
Neokoehleria rauhii Senghas = Scelochilus rauhii (Senghas) Dodson & M.W. Chase
Reference: FP 1510: 70; Senghas, K., 1968: 125.
Neokoehleria wuerstei Senghas
Neokoehleria wuerstei Senghas
Reference: Senghas, K., 1990: 19.

Voucher: Würstle s.n.* (HEID)
Neolacis peruviana Wedd.
Neolacis peruviana Wedd. = Apinagia peruviana Wedd. ex Engl.

Reference: FP 624: 1007; Van Royen, P., 1951: 64.
Neolehmannia angustata (Hashimoto) Hashimoto
Neolehmannia angustata (Hashimoto) Hashimoto = Epidendrum angustatum (Hashimoto)

Dodson
Reference: Hashimoto, T., 1990: 25.
Neolehmannia apagana (Mansf.) Garay & Dunst.
Neolehmannia apagana (Mansf.) Garay & Dunst. = Epidendrum apaganum Mansf.
Neolehmannia difformis var. angustata Hashimoto
Neolehmannia difformis var. angustata Hashimoto = Epidendrum angustatum (Hashimoto)

Dodson
Neolehmannia micro-cattleya Kraenzl.
Neolehmannia micro-cattleya Kraenzl. = Epidendrum micro-cattleya (Kraenzlin)

Schltr.
Neolehmannia porpax (Rchb. f.) Garay & Dunst.
Neolehmannia porpax (Rchb. f.) Garay & Dunst. = Epidendrum peperomia Rchb. f.

$
Neolobivia divaricata F. Ritter
Neolobivia divaricata F. Ritter = Echinopsis backebergii Werdermann
Neolobivia echinata (Rausch) F. Ritter
Neolobivia echinata (Rausch) F. Ritter = Echinopsis hertrichiana (Backeb.) D.R.

Hunt
Neolobivia hertrichiana (Backeb.) F. Ritter
Neolobivia hertrichiana (Backeb.) F. Ritter = Echinopsis hertrichiana (Backeb.)

D.R. Hunt
Neolobivia incaica (Backeb.) F. Ritter
Neolobivia incaica (Backeb.) F. Ritter = Echinopsis hertrichiana (Backeb.) D.R.

Hunt
Neolobivia minuta (F. Ritter) F. Ritter
Neolobivia minuta (F. Ritter) F. Ritter = Echinopsis hertrichiana (Backeb.) D.R.

Hunt

$
Neolobivia prolifera F. Ritter
Neolobivia prolifera F. Ritter = Echinopsis hertrichiana (Backeb.) D.R. Hunt
Neolobivia segawae Y. Ito
Neolobivia segawae Y. Ito
Reference: Ito, Y., 1957: 56, 284; Hunt, D., 1992: 97.
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). Treated by Ito (1957) with four
varieties: segawae, albiroseiflora, roseiflora, and rubriviolacea; see also Eggli &
Taylor (1992: 139).
Neolobivia vilcabambae (F. Ritter) F. Ritter
Neolobivia vilcabambae (F. Ritter) F. Ritter = Echinopsis hertrichiana (Backeb.)

D.R. Hunt
Neolobivia winteriana (F. Ritter) F. Ritter
Neolobivia winteriana (F. Ritter) F. Ritter = Echinopsis backebergii Werdermann
Neolobivia wrightiana (Backeb.) Y. Ito
Neolobivia wrightiana (Backeb.) Y. Ito = Echinopsis backebergii Werdermann

Neolobivia xiphacantha Y. Ito
Neolobivia xiphacantha Y. Ito
Reference: Ito, Y., 1957: 55, 285; Hunt, D., 1992: 97.
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). According to Eggli & Taylor (1992:
139), this name should probably have been published as Echinopsis xiphacantha, nom.
nud., since several varieties have been published as new combinations under
Echinopsis. No Peru voucher seen, although recorded for the country by Hunt
(1992).
Neomortonia nummularia (Hanst.) Wiehler
Neomortonia nummularia (Hanst.) Wiehler = ?
Neonelsonia acuminata (Benth.) J.M. Coult. & Rose ex Drude
Neonelsonia acuminata (Benth.) J.M. Coult. & Rose ex Drude
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 78; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 48.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 2000-3500 m.
Note: Treated under Arracacia by Williams (1966: 27).
Departments: Cuzco.
Neoporteria bicolor (Akers & Buining) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Neoporteria bicolor (Akers & Buining) Donald & G.D. Rowley = Neoporteria islayensis
Reference: Donald, J. D. & G. D. Rowley, 1966: 55; Hunt, D., 1992: 97.
$
Neoporteria clavata (Sohrens) Werdermann
Neoporteria clavata (Sohrens) Werdermann
Synonyms: Neoporteria clavata Sohrens

Reference: Donald, J. D. & G. D. Rowley, 1966: 55; Ritter, F., 1980: 1037; Hunt,
D., 1992: 97.
Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. .
Note: No Peru voucher seen although recorded for the country by Hunt (1992).
Neoporteria islayensis (Foerster) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Synonyms: Neoporteria islayensis (Akers & Buining) Donald & G.D. Rowley,
Neoporteria islayensis (Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley, Neoporteria islayensis
(Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley, Neoporteria islayensis (Backeb.) F. Ritter,
Neoporteria islayensis (F. Ritter) Donald & G.D. Rowley, Neoporteria islayensis (F.
Ritter) Donald & G.D. Rowley, Neoporteria islayensis (Foerster) Backeb.,
Neoporteria islayensis (Foerster) Britton & Rose, Neoporteria islayensis (Foerster)
Donald & G.D. Rowley, Neoporteria islayensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley,
Neoporteria islayensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley, Neoporteria
islayensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley, Neoporteria islayensis (Rauh &
Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley, Neoporteria islayensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald &
G.D. Rowley, Neoporteria islayensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley,
Neoporteria islayensis (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter, Neoporteria islayensis (Vaupel)
Donald & G.D. Rowley, Neoporteria islayensis Akers & Buining, Neoporteria
islayensis Backeb., Neoporteria islayensis Backeb., Neoporteria islayensis Backeb.,
Neoporteria islayensis C. Ostolaza N. & T. C. Mischler, Neoporteria islayensis F.
Ritter, Neoporteria islayensis F. Ritter, Neoporteria islayensis F. Ritter,
Neoporteria islayensis F. Ritter, Neoporteria islayensis F. Ritter, Neoporteria
islayensis F. Ritter, Neoporteria islayensis F. Ritter, Neoporteria islayensis F.
Ritter, Neoporteria islayensis F. Ritter, Neoporteria islayensis Foerster,
Neoporteria islayensis Foerster, Neoporteria islayensis Hoffmann, Neoporteria
islayensis Rauh & Backeb., Neoporteria islayensis Rauh & Backeb., Neoporteria
islayensis Simo, Neoporteria islayensis Vaupel
D., 1992: 97.
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Andean I: dry valleys, lomas, rocky
slopes. 0-1500 m.
Note: Treated by Donald & Rowley (1966: 56) with four varieties: islayensis,
copiapodes, divaricatiflora, & grandis.
Voucher: Haage s.n.* , Ritter 307 (U)
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua, Tacna.
Neoporteria islayensis fo. brevicylindrica (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Neoporteria islayensis fo. brevicylindrica (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley =
Reference: Donald, J. D. & G. D. Rowley, 1966: 56; Ritter, F., 1981: 1292.
Neoporteria islayensis fo. brevispina (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Neoporteria islayensis fo. brevispina (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley =
Reference: Donald, J. D. & G. D. Rowley, 1966: 56.
Neoporteria islayensis fo. grandiflorens (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Neoporteria islayensis fo. grandiflorens (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley =
Neoporteria islayensis fo. minor (Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Neoporteria islayensis fo. minor (Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley = Neoporteria
islayensis (Foerster) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Reference: Donald, J. D. & G. D. Rowley, 1966: 56; Ritter, F., 1981: 1300.
Note: Treated under var. islayensis by Donald & Rowley (1966).
Neoporteria islayensis fo. molendensis (Vaupel) Donald & G.D. Rowley

Neoporteria islayensis fo. molendensis (Vaupel) Donald & G.D. Rowley = Neoporteria

Note: Treated under var. islayensis by Donald & Rowley (1966).
Neoporteria islayensis fo. spinosior (Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Neoporteria islayensis fo. spinosior (Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley = Neoporteria
Neoporteria islayensis var. copiapoides (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Neoporteria islayensis var. copiapoides (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley =

Note: See note under Islaya copiapoides.
Neoporteria islayensis var. divaricatiflora (F. Ritter) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Neoporteria islayensis var. divaricatiflora (F. Ritter) Donald & G.D. Rowley =
Neoporteria islayensis var. grandis (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Neoporteria islayensis var. grandis (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley =
$
Neoporteria krainziana (F. Ritter) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Neoporteria krainziana (F. Ritter) Donald & G.D. Rowley = Neoporteria islayensis
D., 1992: 97.
Neoporteria lindleyi (Foerster) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Neoporteria lindleyi (Foerster) Donald & G.D. Rowley = Neoporteria islayensis

D., 1992: 97.
Neoporteria lindleyi fo. curvispina (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley
Neoporteria lindleyi fo. curvispina (Rauh & Backeb.) Donald & G.D. Rowley =
Neoporteria subgibbosa (Haw.) Britton & Rose
Neoporteria subgibbosa (Haw.) Britton & Rose
Synonyms: Neoporteria subgibbosa Haw.

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1922: 97; Ritter, F., 1980: 1042; Hunt, D.,
1992: 98.
Ecology: Native Solitary or clustered, globular cactus. .
Neoporteria villosa (Monv.) A. Berger
Neoporteria villosa (Monv.) A. Berger

Synonyms: Neoporteria villosa Monv.
Ecology: Native Solitary or clustered, globular cactus. .
Neoptychocarpus killipii (Monach.) Buchheim
Neoptychocarpus killipii (Monach.) Buchheim
Synonyms: Neoptychocarpus killipii Monach.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests on white sand, terra firme forests. 0-500
m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29936* (F), Asplund 14424 (F)
Neoraimondia arequipensis (Meyen) Backeb.
Synonyms: Neoraimondia arequipensis (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose, Neoraimondia

arequipensis (L.) F. Ritter, Neoraimondia arequipensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Rauh &
Backeb., Neoraimondia arequipensis (Schumann) A. Berger, Neoraimondia arequipensis
(Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb., Neoraimondia arequipensis (Werdermann &
Backeberg) Backeb., Neoraimondia arequipensis Backeb., Neoraimondia arequipensis
Backeb., Neoraimondia arequipensis Backeb., Neoraimondia arequipensis K. Schum.,
Neoraimondia arequipensis Meyen, Neoraimondia arequipensis Rauh & Backeb.,
Neoraimondia arequipensis Rauh & Backeb., Neoraimondia arequipensis Rauh & Backeb.,
Neoraimondia arequipensis Rauh & Backeb., Neoraimondia arequipensis Werdermann &
Backeberg
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Andean I, Coastal: desert, rocky slopes.
500-1500 m.
Note: Treated under N. peruviana Ritter (1981), a misapplied name according to Hunt
(1992).
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (B), Ritter 272 (U)
Departments: Arequipa, Ica, Lima.
Neoraimondia arequipensis var. aticensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Rauh & Backeb.
Neoraimondia arequipensis var. aticensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Rauh & Backeb. =
Neoraimondia arequipensis var. rhodantha Rauh & Backeb.
Neoraimondia arequipensis var. rhodantha Rauh & Backeb. = Neoraimondia arequipensis

(Meyen) Backeb.
Neoraimondia arequipensis var. riomajensis Rauh & Backeb.
Neoraimondia arequipensis var. riomajensis Rauh & Backeb. = Neoraimondia

arequipensis (Meyen) Backeb.
Neoraimondia aticensis Rauh & Backeb.
Neoraimondia aticensis Rauh & Backeb. = Neoraimondia arequipensis (Meyen) Backeb.
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 13; Ritter, F., 1981: 1267; Hunt, D., 1992: 98.
Neoraimondia gigantea Backeb.
Neoraimondia gigantea Backeb. = Neoraimondia arequipensis (Meyen) Backeb.
Neoraimondia gigantea var. saniensis Rauh & Backeb.
Neoraimondia gigantea var. saniensis Rauh & Backeb. = Neoraimondia arequipensis

(Meyen) Backeb.
Neoraimondia macrostibas (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose
Neoraimondia macrostibas (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose = Neoraimondia arequipensis

(Meyen) Backeb.
Neoraimondia macrostibas var. gigantea Backeb.
Neoraimondia macrostibas var. gigantea Backeb. = Neoraimondia arequipensis (Meyen)

Backeb.
Reference: Backeberg, C. & F. M. Knuth, 1935: 176.
Neoraimondia macrostibas var. roseiflora (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb.
Neoraimondia macrostibas var. roseiflora (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb. =

Neoraimondia peruviana (L.) F. Ritter
Neoraimondia peruviana (L.) F. Ritter = Neoraimondia arequipensis (Meyen) Backeb.
Neoraimondia roseiflora (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb.
Neoraimondia roseiflora (Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb. = Neoraimondia

arequipensis (Meyen) Backeb.
Neoraputia paraensis (Ducke) Emmerich
Neoraputia paraensis (Ducke) Emmerich
Synonyms: Neoraputia paraensis Ducke

Reference: Emmerich, M., 1978: 243.
Voucher: Foster & Baldeón 12600 (NY!)
Neoregelia eleutheropetala (Ule) L.B. Sm.
Neoregelia eleutheropetala (Ule) L.B. Sm.
Synonyms: Neoregelia eleutheropetala (Ule) Mez ex L.B. Sm., Neoregelia

eleutheropetala Ule
Neoregelia eleutheropetala var.bicolor L.B. Sm.
Neoregelia eleutheropetala var. bicolor L.B. Sm.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1179: 580; Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1538.
Voucher: Moore s.n.* (US!)
Neoregelia eleutheropetala var.eleutheropetala
Neoregelia eleutheropetala var. eleutheropetala
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-
2000 m.
Neoregelia johnsoniae H. Luther
Neoregelia johnsoniae H. Luther
Reference: Luther, H. E., 1989: 70.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Johnson s.n.* (SEL!)
Neoregelia mooreana L.B. Sm.
Neoregelia mooreana L.B. Sm.
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. J. Downs, 1979: 1543.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Moore s.n.* (US!)
Neoregelia pendula L.B. Sm.
Neoregelia pendula L.B. Sm.
Neoregelia pendula L.B. Sm. var.pendula
Neoregelia pendula L.B. Sm. var. pendula

Voucher: Wurdack 2166* (US!), Berlin 1972 (US!)
Neoregelia pendula var.brevifolia L.B. Sm.
Neoregelia pendula var. brevifolia L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Wurdack 2345* (US, USM)
Neoregelia peruviana L.B. Sm.
Neoregelia peruviana L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Wurdack 2320* (US!, USM!), Gentry 26209 (USM!)
Neoregelia rosea L.B. Sm.
Neoregelia rosea L.B. Sm.

Neoregelia stolonifera L.B. Sm.
Neoregelia stolonifera L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Moore 50* (US), Díaz & Jaramillo 238 (MO!)
Neoregelia tarapotoensis Rauh
Neoregelia tarapotoensis Rauh

Voucher: Rauh & Bismarck 63976* (HEID)
Neoregelia wurdackii L.B. Sm.
Neoregelia wurdackii L.B. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 2469* (US! USM)
Neoschroetera divaricata (Cav.) Briq.
Neoschroetera divaricata (Cav.) Briq. = Larrea divaricata Cav.
Neosprucea grandiflora (Spruce ex Benth.) Sleumer
Neosprucea grandiflora (Spruce ex Benth.) Sleumer
Synonyms: Neosprucea grandiflora (Spruce ex Benth.) Sleumer, Neosprucea grandiflora

(Spruce ex Bentham) Sleumer, Neosprucea grandiflora Spruce ex Benth.
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides, terra firme forests. 0-1500
m.
Voucher: Spruce 4897* (F), Kayap 844 (MO!)
Neosprucea montana Cuatrec.
Neosprucea montana Cuatrec.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: riversides. 0-2500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Junín, Pasco, San Martín.
Neotessmannia uniflora Burret
Neotessmannia uniflora Burret

Voucher: Tessmann 3160* (NY)
Neottia acaulis Sm.
Neottia acaulis Sm. = Sarcoglottis acaulis (Sm.) Schltr.
Neottia orchioides (Swartz) Willd.
Neottia orchioides (Swartz) Willd. = Stenorrhynchos lanceolatum (Aubl.) Rich. ex

Spreng.

$
Neottia picta (Anders.) R. Br.
Neottia picta (Anders.) R. Br. = Sarcoglottis acaulis (Sm.) Schltr.
Neottia speciosa (J. Gmelin) Jacq.
Neottia speciosa (J. Gmelin) Jacq. = Stenorrhynchos speciosum (J. Gmelin) Rich. ex
Spreng.
Neottia vaginata Kunth
Neottia vaginata Kunth = Stenorrhynchos vaginatum (Kunth) Spreng.
Neowerdermannia chilensis Backeb.
Neowerdermannia chilensis Backeb.
Synonyms: Neowerdermannia chilensis (Backeb.) Backeb.

Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. .
Neowerdermannia peruviana F. Ritter
Neowerdermannia peruviana F. Ritter

Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Andean III: rocky slopes, shrublands.
3500-4000 m.
Neoxythece wurdackii Aubrév.
Neoxythece wurdackii Aubrév. = Pouteria cuspidata subsp. dura (Eyma) T.D.

Penn.
Nepeta americana Aubl.
Nepeta americana Aubl. = Hyptis spicigera Lam.
Nepeta mutabilis Rich.
Nepeta mutabilis Rich. = Hyptis mutabilis (Rich.) Briq.
Nepeta pectinata L.
Nepeta pectinata L. = Hyptis pectinata (L.) Poit.
Nephelea cuspidata (Kunze) R.M. Tryon

Nephelea cuspidata (Kunze) R.M. Tryon

Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests.
0-2000 m.
Voucher: Berlin 2066 (MO!), Poeppig diar. 2286 (B photo GH)
de Dios, Puno.
Nephelea erinacea (H. Karst.) R.M. Tryon
Nephelea erinacea (H. Karst.) R.M. Tryon

Ecology: Native tree. terra firme forests. 1000-1500 m.
Nephelea incana (H. Karst.) Gastony
Nephelea incana (H. Karst.) Gastony

Ecology: Native Solitary, globular cactus. Region uncertain: terra firme forests.
500-2000 m.
Voucher: Young & Sullivan 668 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Junín, Pasco, Ucayali.
Nephelium longan (Lour.) Hook.
Nephelium longan (Lour.) Hook. = Dimocarpus longan Lour.
Reference: Leenhouts, P. W., 1971: 122.
Nephrodium crenatum Desv.
Nephrodium crenatum Desv. = ?

Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott
Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott

Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Region uncertain: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Mexia 6489 (F!)

Departments: Ayacucho, Loreto, San Martín.
Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) C. Presl
Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) C. Presl

Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Region uncertain: terra firme
forests. 500-2500 m.
Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5452 ((F!), USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San
Martín.
Nephrolepis cordifolia fo.duffii (T. Moore) Proctor
Nephrolepis cordifolia fo. duffii (T. Moore) Proctor

Ecology. .
Voucher: L. Williams 3578 (F!)
Nephrolepis duffii T. Moore
Nephrolepis duffii T. Moore = ?

Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott
Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) Schott
Nephrolepis intermedia Sodiro
Nephrolepis intermedia Sodiro = ?
Nephrolepis occidentalis Kunze
Nephrolepis occidentalis Kunze

forests. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Bryan 415 (F!)
Nephrolepis pectinata (Willd.) Schott
Nephrolepis pectinata (Willd.) Schott

forests. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Mexia 6219 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Puno, San Martín.
$
Nephrolepis pendula (Raddi) J. Sm.
Nephrolepis pendula (Raddi) J. Sm. = ?
Nephrolepis rivularis (Vahl) C. Chr.
Nephrolepis rivularis (Vahl) C. Chr.

forests. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno, San Martín.
Nephromeria axillaris (Sw.) Schindl.
Nephromeria axillaris (Sw.) Schindl. = Desmodium axillare (Sw.) DC. var. axillare
Nephromeria axillaris var. obtusifoliola (Kuntze) Schindl.
Nephromeria axillaris var. obtusifoliola (Kuntze) Schindl. = Desmodium axillare

(Sw.) DC. var. axillare
Nephromeria axillaris var. sintenisii (Urb.) Schindl.
Nephromeria axillaris var. sintenisii (Urb.) Schindl. = Desmodium axillare var.

stoloniferum (Rich. ex Poir.) B.G. Schub.

$
Nephromeria poeppigiana Schindl.
Nephromeria poeppigiana Schindl. = Desmodium poeppigianum (Schindl.) J.F. Macbr.
Nepsera aquatica (Aubl.) Naudin
Nepsera aquatica (Aubl.) Naudin
Synonyms: Nepsera aquatica Aubl.

Neptunia natans (L. f.) Druce
Neptunia natans (L. f.) Druce
Synonyms: Neptunia natans (Lam.) Baill., Neptunia natans L. f., Neptunia natans
Lam., Neptunia natans Lour.
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Amazonian: floating. 0-500 m.
Note:
Neptunia oleracea Lour.
Neptunia oleracea Lour. = Neptunia natans (L. f.) Druce
Reference: Windler, D. R., 1966: 401; McVaugh, R., 1987: 225.
$
Neptunia plena (L.) Benth.
Neptunia plena (L.) Benth.
Synonyms: Neptunia plena (L.) Willd., Neptunia plena L.

Reference: Windler, D. R., 1966: 398; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 145; McVaugh, R., 1987:
227.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Coastal: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas.
0-500 m.
Neptunia prostrata (Lam.) Baill.
Neptunia prostrata (Lam.) Baill. = Neptunia natans (L. f.) Druce
Reference: FP 21: 108; Windler, D. R., 1966: 401.
Neptunia pubescens Benth.
Neptunia pubescens Benth.
Neptunia pubescens Benth. var.pubescens
Neptunia pubescens Benth. var. pubescens
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 108; Windler, D. R., 1966: 391.

Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500
m.
Voucher: Cuming 1027* (K), Llatas 431 (MO!)
Departments: Ica, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad.
Nerium coronarium Jacq.
Nerium coronarium Jacq. = Tabernaemontana divaricata (L.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult.
Reference: FP 1343: 403; Leeuwenberg, A. J. M., 1991: 153.
Nerium divaricatum L.
Nerium divaricatum L. = Tabernaemontana divaricata (L.) R. Br. ex Roem. & Schult.
Reference: FP 1343: 403; Leeuwenberg, A. J. M., 1991: 153.
Nerium oleander L.
Nerium oleander L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 430; Leeuwenberg, A. J. M., 1984: 57.

Ecology: Cultivated shrub. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m.

Departments: Huánuco, Lambayeque, Lima, San Martín.
Nertera depressa Banks & Solander ex Gaertner
Nertera depressa Banks & Solander ex Gaertner = Nertera granadensis (Mutis ex L.f.)
Druce
Nertera granadensis (Mutis ex L.f.) Druce
Nertera granadensis (Mutis ex L.f.) Druce
Synonyms: Nertera granadensis Banks & Solander ex Gaertner, Nertera granadensis

Mutis ex L.f., Nertera granadensis Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests, grasslands. 1500-3500 m.

Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, San Martín.
$
Nertera repens Ruiz & Pav.
Nertera repens Ruiz & Pav. = Nertera granadensis (Mutis ex L.f.) Druce
Neudorfia peruviana Adans.
Neudorfia peruviana Adans. = Nolana humifusa (Gouan) I.M. Johnst.
Neuontobotrys berningeri O.E. Schulz
Neuontobotrys berningeri O.E. Schulz = Sisymbrium berningeri (O.E. Schulz) Baehni &
Macbr.

Note: NN
Neurocarpum falcatum (Lam.) DC.
Neurocarpum falcatum (Lam.) DC. = Clitoria falcata Lam. var. falcata
Reference: Fantz, P. R., 1990: 156.
Neurocarpum javitense Kunth
Neurocarpum javitense Kunth = Clitoria javitensis (Kunth) Benth. var. javitensis
Reference: FP 21: 347; Fantz, P. R., 1981: 162; Fantz, P. R., 1990: 159.
Neurolepis aristata (Munro) Hitchc.

Neurolepis aristata (Munro) Hitchc.
Synonyms: Neurolepis aristata (Pilg.) Pilg., Neurolepis aristata Munro, Neurolepis

aristata Pilg., Neurolepis aristata Pilg.
Reference: McClure, F. A., 1955: 101; Soderstrom, T. R., 1969: 15.
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: grasslands. 2000-3500 m.
Neurolepis stuebelii (Pilg.) Pilg.
Neurolepis stuebelii (Pilg.) Pilg. = Neurolepis aristata (Munro) Hitchc.
Reference: FP 719: 114; McClure, F. A., 1955: 101; Soderstrom, T. R., 1969: 15.
Neurolepis weberbaueri Pilg.
Neurolepis weberbaueri Pilg. = Neurolepis aristata (Munro) Hitchc.
Reference: FP 719: 114; McClure, F. A., 1955: 101; Soderstrom, T. R., 1969: 15.
Neurophyllum hostmannianum Klotzsch
Neurophyllum hostmannianum Klotzsch = ?
Neurophyllum pinnatum (Hedw.) C. Presl
Neurophyllum pinnatum (Hedw.) C. Presl = ?
$
Neuroscapha guilleminiana Tul.
Neuroscapha guilleminiana Tul. = Lonchocarpus guillemineanus (Tul.) Malme
Nhandiroba pergamentacea Kuntze
Nhandiroba pergamentacea Kuntze = Fevillea pergamentacea (Kuntze) Cogn.
Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn.
Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn.
Synonyms: Nicandra physalodes Kuntze, Nicandra physalodes L., Nicandra physalodes

Lam.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 10; Hunziker, A. T., 1979: 63.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-3000 m.
Departments: Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín,
Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura.
Nicolsonia barbata (L.) DC.
Nicolsonia barbata (L.) DC. = Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth. in Miq.
Nicolsonia cayennensis DC.
Nicolsonia cayennensis DC. = Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth. in Miq.

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Nicolsonia cayennensis var. obovata DC.
Nicolsonia cayennensis var. obovata DC. = Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth. in Miq.
Nicolsonia venustula (Kunth) DC.
Nicolsonia venustula (Kunth) DC. = Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth. in Miq.
Nicolsonia villosa Cham. & Schltdl.
Nicolsonia villosa Cham. & Schltdl. = Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth. in Miq.
Nicotiana acuminata (Graham) Hooker
Nicotiana acuminata (Graham) Hooker
Nicotiana acuminata var.multiflora (Philippi) Reiche
Nicotiana acuminata var. multiflora (Philippi) Reiche
Synonyms: Nicotiana acuminata multiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Goodspeed, T. H., 1954: 424.
Note: Doubtfully in Peru.
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Nicotiana andicola Philippi
Nicotiana andicola Philippi = Nicotiana rustica var. rustica L.
Nicotiana angustifolia Mill.
Nicotiana angustifolia Mill. = Nicotiana rustica var. rustica L.
Nicotiana angustifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Nicotiana angustifolia Ruiz & Pav. = Nicotiana acuminata var. multiflora (Philippi)
Reiche
Nicotiana arentsii Goodspeed
Nicotiana arentsii Goodspeed
Reference: Flora Peru: 1349: 126; Goodspeed, T. H., 1954: 379.

Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 9666* (MO!), Metcalf 30529 (MO!)
Departments: Puno.
Nicotiana benavidesii Goodspeed
Nicotiana benavidesii Goodspeed

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: West 3797* (MO!), Vargas 328 (UC)
Nicotiana breviflora Poir.
Nicotiana breviflora Poir. = Nicotiana undulata Ruiz & Pav.
Nicotiana glauca Graham
Nicotiana glauca Graham

Ecology. 0-3000 m.
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Lambayeque, Lima, Moquegua, Tacna.
Nicotiana glutinosa L.
Nicotiana glutinosa L.

Ecology. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* (LINN), Stork et al. 9193 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica,
Lima, La Libertad, Piura.
Nicotiana knightiana Goodspeed
Nicotiana knightiana Goodspeed

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Mexia 04161* (MO!), Worth & Morrison 15696 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, La Libertad, Madre de Dios.
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Nicotiana leguiana J.F. Macbr.
Nicotiana leguiana J.F. Macbr. = Nicotiana tomentosa var. leguiana (J.F. Macbr.)
Goodspeed
Nicotiana paniculata L.
Nicotiana paniculata L.

Departments: Arequipa, Ancash, Ayacucho, Junín, Lima, La Libertad.
Nicotiana pavoni Dunal
Nicotiana pavoni Dunal = Nicotiana rustica var. pavonii (Dunal) Goodspeed
Reference: FP 1349: 131; Goodspeed, T. H., 1954: 355.
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Viv.
Nicotiana plumbaginifolia Viv.

Ecology. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4169
Nicotiana raimondii J.F. Macbr.

Nicotiana raimondii J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Herrera 1540* (F), Pennell 13665 (F)
Departments: Cuzco.
Nicotiana rustica L.
Nicotiana rustica L.
Nicotiana rustica var.pavonii (Dunal) Goodspeed
Nicotiana rustica var. pavonii (Dunal) Goodspeed
Synonyms: Nicotiana rustica pavonii Dunal

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B, F), West 8084
Departments: Ancash, Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Lima, Puno.
Nicotiana rustica var.rustica L.
Nicotiana rustica var. rustica L.
Synonyms: Nicotiana rustica rustica Mill., Nicotiana rustica rustica Philippi

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-4000 m.
Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad.
Nicotiana setchellii Goodspeed

Nicotiana setchellii Goodspeed

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Univ. Calif. Hb. 639057* (UC), Hutchison & Wright 4978 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Lambayeque, La Libertad.
Nicotiana tabacum L.
Nicotiana tabacum L.

Ecology. 0-3500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Piura, San
Martín.
Nicotiana thyrsiflora Goodspeed
Nicotiana thyrsiflora Goodspeed

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands,
Voucher: Weberbauer 7015* (F), Gentry et al. 61574 (MO!)
Nicotiana tomentosa Ruiz & Pav.
Nicotiana tomentosa Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Nicotiana tomentosa (R. & P.) Sprengel

Ecology: Native herb, shrub, tree. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests.
1000-3500 m.
Note: Based on material not determined to variety.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* , Núñez & Bengoa 8718 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín,
Piura, Puno.
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Nicotiana tomentosa var.leguiana (J.F. Macbr.) Goodspeed
Nicotiana tomentosa var. leguiana (J.F. Macbr.) Goodspeed
Synonyms: Nicotiana tomentosa leguiana J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 1000-3500 m.
Departments: Apurímac, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín, Puno.
Nicotiana undulata Ruiz & Pav.
Nicotiana undulata Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Nicotiana undulata Comes, Nicotiana undulata Poir.

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-III: disturbed areas, terra firme forests.
1000-4500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Davis et al. 1600 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Lima, Puno,
Tacna.
Nicotiana undulata var. angustifolia Comes
Nicotiana undulata var. angustifolia Comes = Nicotiana undulata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: FP 1349: 139; Goodspeed, T. H., 1954: 377.
Nidema ottonis (Rchb. f.) Britton & Millsp.
Nidema ottonis (Rchb. f.) Britton & Millsp.
Synonyms: Nidema ottonis Rchb. f.

Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
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Nidularium eleutheropetalum Ule
Nidularium eleutheropetalum Ule = Neoregelia eleutheropetala (Ule) L.B. Sm.
Nierembergia petunioides Dunal
Nierembergia petunioides Dunal = Browallia americana L.
Nierembergia repens Ruiz & Pav.
Nierembergia repens Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Nierembergia repens Kunth

Nierembergia spathulata Kunth
Nierembergia spathulata Kunth = Nierembergia repens Ruiz & Pav.
Niphogeton andicola Schltdl.
Niphogeton andicola Schltdl. = Niphogeton dissecta (Benth.) J.F. Macbr.
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Niphogeton azorelloides Mathias & Constance
Niphogeton azorelloides Mathias & Constance
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 80; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1962: 150; Mathias,
M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 56.
Voucher: Friedberg 6146 (UC)
Departments: Piura.
Niphogeton dissecta (Benth.) J.F. Macbr.
Niphogeton dissecta (Benth.) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Niphogeton dissecta (Bentham) Drude, Niphogeton dissecta (Bentham) Wedd.,

Niphogeton dissecta (H. Wolff) J.F. Macbr., Niphogeton dissecta (Weddell) J.F.
Macbr., Niphogeton dissecta H. Wolff, Niphogeton dissecta Schltdl., Niphogeton
dissecta Wedd.
M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 54.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 4000- > 4500 m.
Note: The Flora of Ecuador (Mathias & Constance, 1976) does not recognize varieties
under this species.
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Junín.
Niphogeton dissecta var. aspera (Weddell) J.F. Macbr.
Niphogeton dissecta var. aspera (Weddell) J.F. Macbr. = Niphogeton dissecta

(Benth.) J.F. Macbr.
Niphogeton magna J.F. Macbr.
Niphogeton magna J.F. Macbr.

M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 320.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 968* (F), Tutin 1085 (BM)
Departments: Junín, Puno.
Niphogeton scabra (H. Wolff) J.F. Macbr.
Niphogeton scabra (H. Wolff) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Niphogeton scabra C. Presl ex DC., Niphogeton scabra H. Wolff, Niphogeton

scabra H. Wolff
M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 322.
Voucher: Weberbauer 350* (US), Smith et al. 11740 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima,
Pasco.
Niphogeton stricta (H. Wolff) Mathias & Constance
Niphogeton stricta (H. Wolff) Mathias & Constance
Synonyms: Niphogeton stricta H. Wolff

M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 322.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3153* (US), Cerrate & Tovar 1907 (UC)
Niphogeton weberbaueri (H. Wolff) J.F. Macbr.
Niphogeton weberbaueri (H. Wolff) J.F. Macbr. = Niphogeton dissecta (Benth.) J.F.
Macbr.
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Nissolia aculeata (Raddi) DC.
Nissolia aculeata (Raddi) DC. = Machaerium aculeatum Raddi
Nissolia fruticosa Jacq.
Nissolia fruticosa Jacq.
Nissolia fruticosa var.guatemalensis (Rose) Rudd
Nissolia fruticosa var. guatemalensis (Rose) Rudd
Synonyms: Nissolia fruticosa guatemalensis Rose

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-
1000 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Junín, San Martín.
Nissolia guatemalensis Rose
Nissolia guatemalensis Rose = Nissolia fruticosa var. guatemalensis (Rose) Rudd
Nissolia lanceolata Vell.
Nissolia lanceolata Vell. = Machaerium lanceolatum (Vell.) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: FP 21: 281; Rudd, V. E., 1956: 197; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 219.
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Nissolia leiophylla DC.
Nissolia leiophylla DC. = Machaerium leiophyllum (DC.) Benth. var. leiophyllum
Nissoloides cylindrica M.E. Jones
Nissoloides cylindrica M.E. Jones = Desmodium scorpiurus (Sw.) Desv.
Noisettia longifolia Kunth
Noisettia longifolia Kunth = Noisettia orchidiflora (Rudge) Gingins
Reference: FP 729: 80; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 207.
Noisettia orchidiflora (Rudge) Gingins
Noisettia orchidiflora (Rudge) Gingins
Synonyms: Noisettia orchidiflora Kunth, Noisettia orchidiflora Rudge

Reference: Flora Peru: 729: 80; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 207.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Nolana adansonii (Roemer & Schultes) I.M. Johnst.
Nolana adansonii (Roemer & Schultes) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Nolana adansonii (Remy) Dunal, Nolana adansonii Remy, Nolana adansonii
Roemer & Schultes
Reference: Flora Peru: 1288: 836; Johnston, I. M., 1936: 47.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Coastal: lomas. 0-500 m.
Nolana amplexicaulis Ferreyra
Nolana amplexicaulis Ferreyra

Voucher: Ferreyra 11747*
Nolana aplocaryoides (Gaudichaud) I.M. Johnst.
Nolana aplocaryoides (Gaudichaud) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Nolana aplocaryoides (Gaudichaud) I.M. Johnst., Nolana aplocaryoides

(Gaudichaud) Mesa, Nolana aplocaryoides Gaudichaud
Nolana arenicola I.M. Johnst.
Nolana arenicola I.M. Johnst.

Voucher: Werdermann 730* , Ferreyra 12643 (MO!)
Nolana aticoana Ferreyra
Nolana aticoana Ferreyra

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Coastal: lomas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 2524* (USM, GH), Ferreyra 13902 (MO!)
Nolana atriplicifolia Sweet
Nolana atriplicifolia Sweet
Nolana bipartita Ruiz & Pav.
Nolana bipartita Ruiz & Pav. = Nolana spathulata Ruiz & Pav.
Nolana cerrateana Ferreyra
Nolana cerrateana Ferreyra
Reference: Flora Peru: 1288: 838; Mesa, A., 1981: 94.

Voucher: Ferreyra 2558* (MO!), Ferreyra 12635 (MO!)
Nolana confinis (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.
Nolana confinis (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Nolana confinis (I.M. Johnst.) Mesa, Nolana confinis I.M. Johnst.
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean I-III, Coastal: lomas. 500-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7382* (F), Werdermann 720 (MO!)
Departments: Moquegua, Tacna.
Nolana cordata (Remy) Dunal

Nolana cordata (Remy) Dunal = Nolana adansonii (Roemer & Schultes) I.M. Johnst.
Nolana coronata Ruiz & Pav.
Nolana coronata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1288: 839; Johnston, I. M., 1936: 55; Mesa, A., 1981: 129.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G),
Nolana crassulifolia subsp. revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Mesa
Nolana crassulifolia subsp. revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Mesa = Nolana revoluta Ruiz &
Pav.
Nolana gayana (Gaudichaud) Koch
Nolana gayana (Gaudichaud) Koch
Synonyms: Nolana gayana Gaudichaud

Departments: Ancash, Lima, La Libertad.
Nolana gracillima (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.
Nolana gracillima (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Nolana gracillima I.M. Johnst.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: desert. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7457* (F),
Nolana guentheri I.M. Johnst.
Nolana guentheri I.M. Johnst.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Guenther & Buchtien 113* (HBG)
Nolana humifusa (Gouan) I.M. Johnst.
Nolana humifusa (Gouan) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Nolana humifusa Adans., Nolana humifusa Adans., Nolana humifusa Gouan,
Nolana humifusa I.M. Johnst., Nolana humifusa L. f., Nolana humifusa Philippi
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lima, La Libertad.
Nolana humifusa subsp. spathulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mesa
Nolana humifusa subsp. spathulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mesa = Nolana spathulata Ruiz &
Pav.
Reference: Mesa, A., 1981: 136.
Nolana humifusa var. plicata (I.M. Johnst.) Mesa
Nolana humifusa var. plicata (I.M. Johnst.) Mesa = Nolana plicata I.M. Johnst.

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Nolana inflata Ruiz & Pav.
Nolana inflata Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Nolana inflata (R. & P.) Miers, Nolana inflata Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (G), Worth & Morrison 15637 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima.
Nolana insularis (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.
Nolana insularis (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Nolana insularis I.M. Johnst.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Murphy 3472*
Departments: Ica.
Nolana ivaniana Ferreyra
Nolana ivaniana Ferreyra

Voucher: Ferreyra 11564* (USM), Vargas 8470
Nolana jaffuelii I.M. Johnst.
Nolana jaffuelii I.M. Johnst.

Voucher: Pearce s.n. (BM)
Nolana johnstonii Vargas
Nolana johnstonii Vargas

Voucher: Vargas s.n.* , Ferreyra 11600 (MO!)
Nolana latipes I.M. Johnst.
Nolana latipes I.M. Johnst.

Voucher: Weberbauer 1498* (B), Mexia 04184 (MO!)
Nolana laxa (Miers) I.M. Johnst.
Nolana laxa (Miers) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Nolana laxa Miers

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (K)
Departments: Lima.
Nolana lycioides I.M. Johnst.
Nolana lycioides I.M. Johnst.

Voucher: Weberbauer 1517* (B), Hutchison 1846 (MO!)
Nolana mariarosae Ferreyra
Nolana mariarosae Ferreyra
Nolana minor Ferreyra
Nolana minor Ferreyra

Nolana pallida I.M. Johnst.
Nolana pallida I.M. Johnst.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Coastal: lomas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7183* , Raimondi 10971
Nolana pallidula I.M. Johnst.
Nolana pallidula I.M. Johnst.

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Werdermann 728* (GH, BD), Worth & Morrison 15640 (MO!)
$
Nolana paradoxa Lindl.
Nolana paradoxa Lindl.
Nolana paradoxa subsp.atriplicifolia (Sweet) Mesa
Nolana paradoxa subsp. atriplicifolia (Sweet) Mesa
Reference: Johnston, I. M., 1936: 45; Mesa, A., 1981: 144.

Note: Probably NN.
Nolana parviflora I.M. Johnst.
Nolana parviflora I.M. Johnst. = Nolana humifusa (Gouan) I.M. Johnst.
Nolana parvifolia Philippi
Nolana parvifolia Philippi = Nolana humifusa (Gouan) I.M. Johnst.
Nolana pearcei I.M. Johnst.
Nolana pearcei I.M. Johnst.
Departments: Tacna.
$
Nolana peruviana (Gaudichaud) I.M. Johnst.
Nolana peruviana (Gaudichaud) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Nolana peruviana Gaudichaud

Nolana pilosa I.M. Johnst.
Nolana pilosa I.M. Johnst.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Guenther & Buchtien 117* (HBG), Ferreyra 11560 (MO!)
Nolana platyphylla (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.
Nolana platyphylla (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Nolana platyphylla I.M. Johnst.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: desert. 1500-2000 m.
Nolana plicata I.M. Johnst.
Nolana plicata I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Nolana plicata (I.M. Johnst.) Mesa

Voucher: Weberbauer 7190* (BD), Ferreyra 13387 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ica.
Nolana polymorpha Gaudichaud
Nolana polymorpha Gaudichaud

Nolana prostrata L. f.
Nolana prostrata L. f. = Nolana humifusa (Gouan) I.M. Johnst.
Reference: FP 1288: 841; Mesa, A., 1981: 129.
Nolana revoluta Ruiz & Pav.
Nolana revoluta Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Nolana revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth. & Hook. f., Nolana revoluta (Ruiz &
Pav.) Lindl., Nolana revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Mesa, Nolana revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.)
Miers
Note: Identity of this taxon is unknown.
Nolana scaposa Ferreyra
Nolana scaposa Ferreyra

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
$
Nolana sedifolia var. aplocaryoides (Gaudichaud) Mesa
Nolana sedifolia var. aplocaryoides (Gaudichaud) Mesa = Nolana aplocaryoides

(Gaudichaud) I.M. Johnst.
Nolana sedifolia var. confinis (I.M. Johnst.) Mesa
Nolana sedifolia var. confinis (I.M. Johnst.) Mesa = Nolana confinis (I.M. Johnst.)
I.M. Johnst.
Nolana spathulata Ruiz & Pav.
Nolana spathulata Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Nolana spathulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mesa, Nolana spathulata Ruiz & Pav.
Voucher: Tafalla s.n.* , Ferreyra 11755 (MO!)
Nolana spergularioides Ferreyra
Nolana spergularioides Ferreyra

Ecology: Native subshrub. Coastal: lomas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Rauh 558* (MO!, USM)
Nolana tarapacana subsp. thinophila (I.M. Johnst.) Mesa

Nolana tarapacana subsp. thinophila (I.M. Johnst.) Mesa = Nolana thinophila I.M.
Johnst.
Nolana thinophila I.M. Johnst.
Nolana thinophila I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Nolana thinophila (I.M. Johnst.) Mesa

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Coastal: lomas, beach. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Pennell 14280* (GH), Hutchison 1232 (MO!)
Nolana tomentella Ferreyra
Nolana tomentella Ferreyra

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Coastal: lomas. 0-500 m.
Nolana tovariana Ferreyra
Nolana tovariana Ferreyra

Voucher: Ferreyra 8861
Nolana urubambae Vargas

Nolana urubambae Vargas

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Nolana ventricosa Ruiz & Pav.
Nolana ventricosa Ruiz & Pav. = Nolana inflata Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: FP 1288: 842; Mesa, A., 1981: 152.
Nolana volcanica Ferreyra
Nolana volcanica Ferreyra

Voucher: Stafford 881* (K)
Nolana weberbaueri I.M. Johnst.
Nolana weberbaueri I.M. Johnst.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: rocky slopes. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5385* (GH)
Departments: Ica.
Nolana weissiana Ferreyra
Nolana weissiana Ferreyra

Nolana willeana Ferreyra
Nolana willeana Ferreyra
Nomochloa millegrana Nees
Nomochloa millegrana Nees = Pleurostachys millegrana (Nees) Steud.
Reference: Kuekenthal, G., 1952: 475.
Nonatelia macrophylla Kunth
Nonatelia macrophylla Kunth = Palicourea grandifolia var. sprucei (Müll. Arg.)

Steyerm.
Nonatelia officinalis Aubl.
Nonatelia officinalis Aubl. = Psychotria officinalis (Aubl.) Raeusch. ex Sandwith

Note: NN
Nonatelia paniculata Aubl.
Nonatelia paniculata Aubl. = Psychotria paniculata (Aubl.) Raeuschel

Note: NN
Nonatelia racemosa Aubl.
Nonatelia racemosa Aubl. = Psychotria racemosa (Aubl.) Raeusch.
Norantea anomala Kunth
Norantea anomala Kunth
Synonyms: Norantea anomala Al. Richt., Norantea anomala Delp. nom superfl.,
Norantea anomala Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. López, Norantea anomala Ruiz & Pav. ex
G. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 1309: 712; Bedell, H. G., 1985: 274.
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean II: forests, rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m.
Note: Recognized by Bedell (1985) under an as yet undescribed genus.
Voucher: McCarroll s.n. (MICH)
Norantea cacabifera Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don
Norantea cacabifera Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don = Norantea anomala Kunth
Norantea caccabion Delp. nom superfl.
Norantea caccabion Delp. nom superfl. = Norantea anomala Kunth
Norantea curva J.F. Macbr.

Norantea curva J.F. Macbr. = Norantea mixtum Triana & Planch.
Norantea delpiniana Wittmack
Norantea delpiniana Wittmack

Note: Not known from Peru. Dombey s.n. (P photo F!) circulated as the type is
actually a specimen of N. macrocarpa.
Norantea eoetvoesorum Al. Richt.
Norantea eoetvoesorum Al. Richt. = Norantea macrocarpa G. Don
Norantea guianensis Aubl.
Norantea guianensis Aubl.
Synonyms: Norantea guianensis Martius
Norantea guianensis subsp.japurensis (Martius) Bedell
Norantea guianensis subsp. japurensis (Martius) Bedell

Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white
sand, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
$
Norantea haematoscypha Gilg
Norantea haematoscypha Gilg = Norantea oxystylis Baill.
Norantea japurensis Martius
Norantea japurensis Martius = Norantea guianensis Aubl.
Norantea macrocarpa G. Don
Norantea macrocarpa G. Don
Synonyms: Norantea macrocarpa Al. Richt., Norantea macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A.
López, Norantea macrocarpa Weberbauer ex Gilg
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests,
Voucher: Smith & Brack 2943 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Pasco, Puno, San Martín.
Norantea macroscypha Gilg
Norantea macroscypha Gilg = Norantea obovata G. Don
Norantea magnifica Gilg

Norantea magnifica Gilg = Schwartzia magnifica (Gilg) Bedell
Norantea mixtum Triana & Planch.
Norantea mixtum Triana & Planch.
Synonyms: Norantea mixtum J.F. Macbr., Norantea mixtum Pilg., Norantea mixtum
Poepp. ex Wittm.
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests,
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Norantea obovata G. Don
Norantea obovata G. Don
Synonyms: Norantea obovata Gilg, Norantea obovata Ruiz & Pav. ex E.A. López
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (B photo F), Kanehira 48 (F)
Norantea oxystylis Baill.
Norantea oxystylis Baill.
Synonyms: Norantea oxystylis Gilg

Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean II: forests, riversides, rocky slopes,
Voucher: Metcalf 30590 (MO!)
Departments: Puno.
$
Norantea pardoana Weberbauer ex Gilg
Norantea pardoana Weberbauer ex Gilg = Norantea macrocarpa G. Don
Norantea peduncularis Poepp. ex Wittm.
Norantea peduncularis Poepp. ex Wittm. = Norantea mixtum Triana & Planch.
Norantea sandiensis Gilg
Norantea sandiensis Gilg = Schwartzia weddelliana (Baill.) Bedell
Norantea uleana Pilg.
Norantea uleana Pilg. = Norantea mixtum Triana & Planch.
Norantea weddelliana Baill.
Norantea weddelliana Baill. = Schwartzia weddelliana (Baill.) Bedell
$
Norantea zahlbruckneri Al. Richt.
Norantea zahlbruckneri Al. Richt. = Norantea anomala Kunth
Nortenia thouarsii Cham. & Schltdl.
Nortenia thouarsii Cham. & Schltdl. = Torenia thouarsii (Cham. & Schltdl.) Kuntze
Reference: FP 1361: 688; Holmgren, N. H. & U. Molau, 1984: 30.
Notanthera caesia (Sprengel) G. Don
Notanthera caesia (Sprengel) G. Don = Tristerix longebracteatus (Desr.) Barlow &

Wiens
Notanthera grandiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) G. Don
Notanthera grandiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) G. Don = Tristerix grandiflorus (Ruiz & Pav.)
Barlow & Wiens
Notanthera longebracteata (Desr.) G. Don
Notanthera longebracteata (Desr.) G. Don = Tristerix longebracteatus (Desr.) Barlow

& Wiens
Reference: FP 1238: 400; Kuijt, J., 1988: 30.
$
Notanthera orbicularis (Kunth) G. Don
Notanthera orbicularis (Kunth) G. Don = Struthanthus orbicularis (Kunth) Blume
Nothites petiolata Cass.
Nothites petiolata Cass. = Stevia petiolata (Cass.) Sch. Bip.
Nothobaccharis candolleana (Steud.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Nothobaccharis candolleana (Steud.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Nothobaccharis candolleana (DC.) Hieron., Nothobaccharis candolleana B.

Robinson, Nothobaccharis candolleana DC., Nothobaccharis candolleana Steud.
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Vargas 9626 (US!)
Departments: Lima.
Notholaena arequipensis Maxon
Notholaena arequipensis Maxon

Voucher: Williams 2638 (US)
Notholaena aurea (Poir.) Desv.

Notholaena aurea (Poir.) Desv.

Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5421 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco,
Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.
Notholaena bonariensis (Willd.) C. Chr.
Notholaena bonariensis (Willd.) C. Chr. = ?
Notholaena brackenridgei Baker
Notholaena brackenridgei Baker = ?
Notholaena candida var. lutea Hook.
Notholaena candida var. lutea Hook. = ?
Notholaena cantangensis R.M. Tryon
Notholaena cantangensis R.M. Tryon

Ecology: Endemic herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: López & Sagástegui 3366* (GH)
$
Notholaena chrysophylla Kl.
Notholaena chrysophylla Kl. = ?
Notholaena ferruginea (Willd. ex Link) Hook.
Notholaena ferruginea (Willd. ex Link) Hook. = ?
Notholaena fraseri (Mett. ex Kuhn) Baker
Notholaena fraseri (Mett. ex Kuhn) Baker

Notholaena lilloi (Hicken) Hicken
Notholaena lilloi (Hicken) Hicken = ?
Notholaena lonchophylla R.M. Tryon
Notholaena lonchophylla R.M. Tryon

Ecology. .
Note: T
Voucher: Mathews 610* (K, photo GH)
Notholaena mollis Kunze
Notholaena mollis Kunze

Notholaena nivea Desv.
Notholaena nivea Desv.
Notholaena nivea Desv. var.nivea
Notholaena nivea Desv. var. nivea

Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5422 (MO!, USM)
Notholaena nivea var.flava Hook.
Notholaena nivea var. flava Hook.

Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5378 ((F!)!, USM)
$
Notholaena nivea var.oblongata Griseb.
Notholaena nivea var. oblongata Griseb.

Voucher: Soukup 76 (GH)
Notholaena nivea var.tenera (Hook.) Griseb.
Notholaena nivea var. tenera (Hook.) Griseb.

Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5353 (MO, USM)
Notholaena obducta (Mett. ex Kuhn) Baker
Notholaena obducta (Mett. ex Kuhn) Baker

Voucher: Hutchison 1425 (UC)
Notholaena peruviana Desv.
Notholaena peruviana Desv.

$
Notholaena sinuata var.sinuata
Notholaena sinuata var. sinuata

Voucher: Goodspeed 11307 (MO!)
Huánuco, Junín, Lambayeque, La Libertad.
Notholaena squamosa (Hook. & Grev.) Lowe
Notholaena squamosa (Hook. & Grev.) Lowe

Voucher: Tutin 1032 (BM)
Notholaena stuebeliana (Hieron.) R.M. Tryon
Notholaena stuebeliana (Hieron.) R.M. Tryon

Ecology: Endemic herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-2000 m.
Notholaena sulphurea (Cav.) J. Sm.
Notholaena sulphurea (Cav.) J. Sm.

Voucher: Stork & Horton 9395 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Huancavelica,
Huánuco, Lima, Piura.
$
Notholaena sulphurea var. flava Kuhn
Notholaena sulphurea var. flava Kuhn = ?
Notholaena tectaria Desv.
Notholaena tectaria Desv. = ?
Notholaena tenera Hook.
Notholaena tenera Hook. = ?
Nothoscordum andicola Kunth
Nothoscordum andicola Kunth
Synonyms: Nothoscordum andicola (Kunth) Kuntze, Nothoscordum andicola (Kunth)

Regel, Nothoscordum andicola Baker
Voucher: Davis et al. 1389 (F!), Weberbauer 6878 (MOL!)
Departments: Arequipa, Apurímac, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Moquegua, Puno.
Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britton
Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britton
Synonyms: Nothoscordum bivalve (Jacq.) Kunth, Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Kuntze,

Nothoscordum bivalve Jacq., Nothoscordum bivalve L.
Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: lomas. 0-500 m.
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Lima, Moquegua.
Nothoscordum demissum Ravenna
Nothoscordum demissum Ravenna

Ecology. .
Voucher: Ravenna 2820* (Hb. Ravenna, K)
Departments: Cuzco.
Nothoscordum fictile J.F. Macbr.
Nothoscordum fictile J.F. Macbr.

Departments: Apurímac, Cuzco, Moquegua.
Nothoscordum flavescens (Poeppig) Kunth
Nothoscordum flavescens (Poeppig) Kunth = Nothoscordum gramineum (Sims) P. Beauv.
Nothoscordum gramineum (Sims) P. Beauv.
Nothoscordum gramineum (Sims) P. Beauv.
Synonyms: Nothoscordum gramineum (Lindl.) Kunth, Nothoscordum gramineum (Poeppig)

Kunth, Nothoscordum gramineum Kuntze, Nothoscordum gramineum Lindl., Nothoscordum
gramineum Sims
Nothoscordum inodorum (Aiton) Asch. & Graebner
Nothoscordum inodorum (Aiton) Asch. & Graebner
Synonyms: Nothoscordum inodorum Aiton

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: riversides. 2500-3500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Junín, Lima.
Nothoscordum striatellum (Lindl.) Kunth
Nothoscordum striatellum (Lindl.) Kunth = Nothoscordum gramineum (Sims) P. Beauv.
Nothoscordum striatum (Jacq.) Kunth
Nothoscordum striatum (Jacq.) Kunth = Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britton
Noticastrum macbridei Cuatrec.
Noticastrum macbridei Cuatrec.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4000 m.
$
Noticastrum marginatum (Kunth) Cuatrec.
Noticastrum marginatum (Kunth) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Noticastrum marginatum (Wedd.) Cuatrec., Noticastrum marginatum Cuatrec.,

Noticastrum marginatum Kunth, Noticastrum marginatum Wedd.
Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Dillon 2780 (F!)
Noticastrum marginatum fo. acaulis (Wedd.) Cuatrec.
Noticastrum marginatum fo. acaulis (Wedd.) Cuatrec. = Noticastrum marginatum

(Kunth) Cuatrec.
Nototriche acaulis (Cav.) Krapovickas
Nototriche acaulis (Cav.) Krapovickas
Synonyms: Nototriche acaulis (A. Gray) Hill, Nototriche acaulis (Cav.) Kuntze,
Nototriche acaulis A. Gray, Nototriche acaulis Cav.
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1973: 286; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 81.
Note: Type probably from Peru despite Ecuador designation.
Departments: Ancash, Junín.
Nototriche acuminata Hill.
Nototriche acuminata Hill. = Nototriche argentea A.W. Hill
Reference: FP 1302: 536; Krapovickas, pers. comm..
$
Nototriche alternata A.W. Hill
Nototriche alternata A.W. Hill
Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Stübel 108, packet 2* (B photo F!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Tacna.
Nototriche anthemidifolia (Remy) Hill
Nototriche anthemidifolia (Remy) Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche anthemidifolia (Remy) Gray, Nototriche anthemidifolia Remy,

Nototriche anthemidifolia Turcz., Nototriche anthemidifolia Turcz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 537, 743; Hill, S. R., 1982: 373.
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean III: grasslands. 3500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsh P1138 (G!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Puno, Tacna.
Nototriche antoniana M. Chanco
Nototriche antoniana M. Chanco
Reference: Chanco, M., 1992: 12.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: forests. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Cardich s.n.* (USM), Tovar et al. 9788 (USM!)
Nototriche aretioides (Gray) Hill
Nototriche aretioides (Gray) Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche aretioides Gray, Nototriche aretioides Hochreutiner

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3500- >
4500 m.
Voucher: Pickering s.n.* (US), Smith et al. 1380 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, Pasco.
Nototriche argentea A.W. Hill
Nototriche argentea A.W. Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche argentea Hill, Nototriche argentea Hill.

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean III: grasslands. 3500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3103* (B photo F!, USM!, G!), Cerrate 1470 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Junín, Puno, Tacna.
Nototriche argylloides Hill
Nototriche argylloides Hill
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 538, 743; Gutte, G, K. Müller & C. Müller,
1986: 199.
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean III: disturbed areas. 4000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Hill 80* (K!), Gutte 2308 (USM!)
Departments: Arequipa, Junín, Moquegua.
Nototriche aristata Hill
Nototriche aristata Hill = Nototriche longirostris (Wedd.) A.W. Hill
Nototriche armeriifolia Hill
Nototriche armeriifolia Hill

Ecology. 3500- > 4500 m.
Departments: Puno.
Nototriche artemisioides Hill
Nototriche artemisioides Hill

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000- >
4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4068* (G!), Smith 11381 (MO!)
Nototriche azorella Hill
Nototriche azorella Hill
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 540; Krapovickas, A., 1957: 271.

Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean III: rocky slopes. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 957* (USM!), Werdemann 1152
Departments: Puno, Tacna.
Nototriche borussica (Meyen) Hill
Nototriche borussica (Meyen) Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche borussica (Meyen) Wedd., Nototriche borussica Meyen

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (B lost, W photo F!), Rauh 450 (USM!)
Departments: Arequipa, Huancavelica, Tacna.
Nototriche candaravica Ulbrich
Nototriche candaravica Ulbrich = Nototriche turritella Hill

Nototriche castelnaeana (Wedd.) Hill
Nototriche castelnaeana (Wedd.) Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche castelnaeana Wedd.

Ecology. 2500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Castelnau s.n.* (P), Núñez et al. 9002 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Nototriche cavanillesii (A. Gray) Hill
Nototriche cavanillesii (A. Gray) Hill = Nototriche acaulis (Cav.) Krapovickas
Nototriche cheilanthifolia Turcz.
Nototriche cheilanthifolia Turcz. = Nototriche anthemidifolia (Remy) Hill
Reference: FP 1302: 537; Fryxell, P. A. & A. Krapovickas, 1990: 178.
Nototriche coccinea Hill.
Nototriche coccinea Hill.

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 4000- > 4500
m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3276* (USM!), Smith & Goodwin 8892 (MO!)
$
Nototriche condensata (Bak.f.) Hill
Nototriche condensata (Bak.f.) Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche condensata Bak.f., Nototriche condensata Hochreutiner

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Lechler 1972* (K!), Rauh & Hirsh P1479 (USM!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cuzco, Puno.
Nototriche congesta A.W. Hill
Nototriche congesta A.W. Hill

4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1018* (B photo F!), Sullivan & Sullivan 782 (MO!)
Nototriche cupuliforme Krapovickas
Nototriche cupuliforme Krapovickas

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 4000-4500 m.

Voucher: Vargas 7119* (USM!)
Departments: Puno.
Nototriche digitulifolia Hill
Nototriche digitulifolia Hill
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 544; Gutte, G, K. Müller & C. Müller, 1986:
199.
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Stafford 765* (K!), Muller & López 2007
Nototriche discolor Turcz.
Nototriche discolor Turcz. = Nototriche anthemidifolia (Remy) Hill
Reference: FP 1302: 537; , : 178.
Nototriche dissecta Hill
Nototriche dissecta Hill

Ecology. 3500-4500 m.
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (K!), Herrera 2390 (F!)
Nototriche ellipticifolia Hochreutiner
Nototriche ellipticifolia Hochreutiner
Reference: Hochreutiner, B. P. G., 1957: 83.

Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsch P-1694* (G!)
Nototriche epileuca A.W. Hill
Nototriche epileuca A.W. Hill

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2801* (B photo F!), Cerrate 2582 (USM!)
Nototriche erinacea Hill
Nototriche erinacea Hill

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean III: rocky slopes. 4000-4500 m.
Departments: Puno.
Nototriche estipulata Hill ex Burtt
Nototriche estipulata Hill ex Burtt
Note: Not known from Peru. The type is from Chile (Krapovickas, pers. comm.).
Nototriche famatinensis A.W. Hill
Nototriche famatinensis A.W. Hill

Note: Not known from Peru. The Flora of Peru cites Werdermann 1401. This is the
type of Nototriche estipulata from Volcán Tacora, Chile (Krapovickas, pers.
comm.).
Nototriche flabellata (Wedd.) A.W. Hill
Nototriche flabellata (Wedd.) A.W. Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche flabellata Ulbrich, Nototriche flabellata Wedd.

Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean III: rocky slopes. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 961
Nototriche foetida Ulbrich
Nototriche foetida Ulbrich

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7361* (F!), Pearson 3 (UC!)
Nototriche glacialis Ulbrich
Nototriche glacialis Ulbrich

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean III: rocky slopes. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6523* (USM!, F!)
Nototriche gracilens Killip & J.F. Macbr.
Nototriche gracilens Killip & J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Soukup 3604* (US!)
Nototriche herrerae Ulbrich ex Hill
Nototriche herrerae Ulbrich ex Hill = Nototriche sulphurea A.W. Hill

Nototriche holosericea Hill
Nototriche holosericea Hill
Note: Not known from Peru. The specimen cited in the Flora of Peru, Herrera 2390,
has been redetermined as N. dissecta (Krapovickas, pers. comm.).
Nototriche incana Turcz.
Nototriche incana Turcz. = Nototriche pediculariifolia (Meyen) A.W. Hill
Reference: FP 1302: 558; Fryxell, P. A. & A. Krapovickas, 1990: 178.
Nototriche incisa Turcz.
Nototriche incisa Turcz. = Acaulimalva nubigena (Walpers) Krapovickas
Reference: FP 1302: 521; Krapovickas, A., 1974: 22; Fryxell, P. A. & A.

Krapovickas, 1990: 178.
Nototriche lanata Hill
Nototriche lanata Hill

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Note: Expected in Peru.
Voucher: Vargas 20920 (CTES!)
Departments: Puno.
$
Nototriche lobulata (Weddell ex Mandon nom. nud.) Hochreutiner
Nototriche lobulata (Weddell ex Mandon nom. nud.) Hochreutiner = Nototriche

obcuneata (Bak.f.) Hill

Note: nom. illeg.
Nototriche lobulata (Weddell ex Mandon nom. nud.) J. F. Macbride nom. inval.
Nototriche lobulata (Weddell ex Mandon nom. nud.) J. F. Macbride nom. inval. =

Nototriche obcuneata (Bak.f.) Hill
Nototriche longicaudicalis Hochreutiner
Nototriche longicaudicalis Hochreutiner = Nototriche obtusa A.W. Hill
Nototriche longirostris (Wedd.) A.W. Hill
Nototriche longirostris (Wedd.) A.W. Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche longirostris A.W. Hill, Nototriche longirostris Hill,

Nototriche longirostris Wedd.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean III: bogs, disturbed areas, grasslands,
rocky slopes. 4000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Castelnau s.n.* (P!), Vargas 4032 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín, Pasco,
Puno.
Nototriche longissima A.W. Hill
Nototriche longissima A.W. Hill = Nototriche longirostris (Wedd.) A.W. Hill

Nototriche longituba Burtt & Hill
Nototriche longituba Burtt & Hill

Voucher: Williams s.n.* (K!)
Departments: Puno.
Nototriche lopezii Krapovickas
Nototriche lopezii Krapovickas

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: López 1020* (USM), Straw 2531 (USM!)
Nototriche macleanii (Gray) Hill
Nototriche macleanii (Gray) Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche macleanii Gray

Ecology. 4000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Maclean s.n.* (K), Gutte 9286 (USM!)
Nototriche mandoniana (Weddell) A.W. Hill
Nototriche mandoniana (Weddell) A.W. Hill

Synonyms: Nototriche mandoniana Wedd.
Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Puno.
Nototriche matthewsii Hill
Nototriche matthewsii Hill = Nototriche pinnata (Cav.) Hill
Nototriche meyenii Solms ex Ulbrich
Nototriche meyenii Solms ex Ulbrich
Ecology. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (B photo F!), Raimondi s.n.*
Departments: Huancavelica, Puno.
Nototriche nana A.W. Hill
Nototriche nana A.W. Hill

Note: Not known from Peru. @Type locality is "Volcan Tacora"--is this in Peru or
Chile? If in Chile, then "Expected in southern Peru."@
Nototriche nigrescens A.W. Hill
Nototriche nigrescens A.W. Hill

Ecology. 4000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 381* (F!), Vargas 10581 (USM!)
Synonyms: Nototriche obcuneata (Weddell ex Mandon nom. nud.) Hochreutiner,

Nototriche obcuneata (Weddell ex Mandon nom. nud.) J. F. Macbride nom. inval.,
Nototriche obcuneata Bak.f., Nototriche obcuneata Ulbrich, Nototriche obcuneata
Weddell ex Mandon nom. nud.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean III: rocky slopes. 4000- > 4500 m.
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua, Puno.
Nototriche obtusa A.W. Hill
Nototriche obtusa A.W. Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche obtusa Hochreutiner

m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2897* (USM!), Smith et al. 11651 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Huancavelica.
Nototriche orbignyana (Wedd.) A.W. Hill
Nototriche orbignyana (Wedd.) A.W. Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche orbignyana Hieron., Nototriche orbignyana Wedd.

Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Copeland s.n. (B lost)
$
Nototriche ovalifolia Hochreutiner
Nototriche ovalifolia Hochreutiner

Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsch P1728a* (G)
Nototriche pearcei (Bak.f.) Hill
Nototriche pearcei (Bak.f.) Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche pearcei Bak.f.

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean III: grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (K), Proaño s.n. (USM!)
Departments: Apurímac, Ayacucho, Junín.
Nototriche pedatiloba Hill
Nototriche pedatiloba Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche pedatiloba Burtt

Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 557; Hochreutiner, B. P. G., 1957: 83.
Voucher: Hill 78* (K), Rauh & Hirsch P369B (USM!)
Departments: Arequipa, Huancavelica, Puno.
Nototriche pedatiloba var. appendiculata Burtt
Nototriche pedatiloba var. appendiculata Burtt = Nototriche pedatiloba Hill
$
Nototriche pediculariifolia (Meyen) A.W. Hill
Nototriche pediculariifolia (Meyen) A.W. Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche pediculariifolia (Meyen) Gray, Nototriche pediculariifolia

Meyen, Nototriche pediculariifolia Turcz.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 4000- > 4500
m.
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* (K), Stafford 1262 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Puno, Tacna.
Nototriche pellicea Hill
Nototriche pellicea Hill

m.
Voucher: Sharpe 168* (K!), Iltis et al. 1465 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Puno.
Nototriche peruviana M. Chanco
Nototriche peruviana M. Chanco
Reference: Chanco, M., 1992: 14.

Ecology. .
Voucher: Chanco 368* (USM!), Urquizo s.n. (USM!)
Departments: Pasco.
Nototriche philippii A.W. Hill
Nototriche philippii A.W. Hill
Reference: Hochreutiner, B. P. G., 1957: 83; Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada, 1985:

52.
Ecology. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsch P1187 (G)
Departments: Cuzco.
Nototriche phyllanthos (Cav.) A.W. Hill
Nototriche phyllanthos (Cav.) A.W. Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche phyllanthos (Cav.) A. Gray, Nototriche phyllanthos (Humb. &

Bonpl.) A. Gray, Nototriche phyllanthos (Humb. & Bonpl.) A.W. Hill, Nototriche
phyllanthos Cav., Nototriche phyllanthos Humb. & Bonpl., Nototriche phyllanthos
Humb. & Bonpl.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m.

Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* (P-JU), Rauh & Hirsch P-450 (G)
Nototriche pichinchensis (Humb. & Bonpl.) A.W. Hill
Nototriche pichinchensis (Humb. & Bonpl.) A.W. Hill
Nototriche pinnata (Cav.) Hill
Nototriche pinnata (Cav.) Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche pinnata (Cavanilles) A. Gray, Nototriche pinnata (Cavanilles)

Kuntze, Nototriche pinnata Cav., Nototriche pinnata Hill
Reference: Krapovickas, A., 1973: 286; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 81.
Ecology: Native subshrub. Andean III: bogs, grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, Pasco.
Nototriche porphyrantha Ulbrich

Nototriche porphyrantha Ulbrich = Nototriche flabellata (Wedd.) A.W. Hill
Nototriche pseudocompacta Hochreutiner
Nototriche pseudocompacta Hochreutiner = Nototriche ulophylla (Gray) Hill
Nototriche pseudopichensis Hochreutiner
Nototriche pseudopichensis Hochreutiner

Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsch P-1197* (USM!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Nototriche purpurascens A.W. Hill
Nototriche purpurascens A.W. Hill

Ecology. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Stafford 1267 (MO!)
Nototriche pusilla A.W. Hill
Nototriche pusilla A.W. Hill

Voucher: Weberbauer 2788* (USM!), Rauh & Hirsch P-446 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Huancavelica, Ica.
Nototriche pygmaea (Remy) Hill
Nototriche pygmaea (Remy) Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche pygmaea (Remy) Gray, Nototriche pygmaea (Remy) Wedd.,

Nototriche pygmaea Hill, Nototriche pygmaea Remy, Nototriche pygmaea Ulbrich nom.
superfl.
Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Nototriche rauhii Hochreutiner
Nototriche rauhii Hochreutiner = Nototriche aretioides (Gray) Hill

comm..
Nototriche rugosa (Philippi) A.W. Hill
Nototriche rugosa (Philippi) A.W. Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche rugosa (Philippi) (Philippi) Reiche, Nototriche rugosa

Philippi
Note: Not known from Peru. The specimen cited in the Flora of Peru, Werdermann
1398, is from Chile (Krapovickas, pers. comm.).
Nototriche sajamensis (Hieron.) A.W. Hill
Nototriche sajamensis (Hieron.) A.W. Hill

Synonyms: Nototriche sajamensis Hieron.
Note: Not known from Peru. @Type is from Volvan Tacora--is this in Chile?@
Nototriche salina Burtt & Hill
Nototriche salina Burtt & Hill

Ecology. 3500-4500 m.
Voucher: Stafford 1325* (K!)
Nototriche sarmentosa Hill
Nototriche sarmentosa Hill = Nototriche pygmaea (Remy) Hill
Reference: FP 1302: 563; Krapovickas, A., 1951: 108; Krapovickas, pers. comm..
Nototriche sepaliloba Hochreutiner
Nototriche sepaliloba Hochreutiner

Ecology. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsch P-368a* (G!), Weibel s.n. (USM!)
Nototriche sericea Hill
Nototriche sericea Hill = Nototriche argentea A.W. Hill
Reference: FP 1302: 563; Gutte, G, K. Müller & C. Müller, 1986: 199;

Krapovickas, pers. comm..
$
Nototriche staffordiae Burtt & Hill
Nototriche staffordiae Burtt & Hill

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean III: rocky slopes. > 4500 m.
Departments: Puno.
Nototriche stenopetala (Gray) Hill
Nototriche stenopetala (Gray) Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche stenopetala Gray

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean III: grasslands. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Pickering s.n.* (US), Kalenborn 116 (MO!)
Departments: Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, Pasco.
Nototriche sulcata Krapovickas
Nototriche sulcata Krapovickas

Voucher: Tovar 1184* (USM!), Tovar 2513 (USM!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huancavelica.
Nototriche sulphurea A.W. Hill
Nototriche sulphurea A.W. Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche sulphurea Hochreutiner, Nototriche sulphurea Ulbrich ex Hill

Voucher: Weberbauer 963* (USM!), Rauh & Hirsch P-1250 (USM!)
Nototriche ticsanica Ulbrich
Nototriche ticsanica Ulbrich = Nototriche obcuneata (Bak.f.) Hill
Nototriche tovari Krapovickas
Nototriche tovari Krapovickas

4500 m.
Voucher: Tovar 882* (USM!), Smith & Buddensiek 11216 (MO!)
Nototriche tucumana var. grandiflora Hochreutiner
Nototriche tucumana var. grandiflora Hochreutiner = Nototriche condensata (Bak.f.)

Hill
Nototriche turritella Hill
Nototriche turritella Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche turritella Ulbrich

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean III: grasslands. 3500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Hill 81* (K), Müller & Guillén 13490 (USM!)
$
Nototriche ulophylla (Gray) Hill
Nototriche ulophylla (Gray) Hill
Synonyms: Nototriche ulophylla Gray, Nototriche ulophylla Hochreutiner

Ecology. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Pickering s.n.* (US), Rauh & Hirsch P-374A (USM!)
Nototriche vargasii Krapovickas
Nototriche vargasii Krapovickas

Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 10582* (USM!), Vargas 10801 (USM!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Nototriche villosissima Hochreutiner
Nototriche villosissima Hochreutiner = Nototriche sulphurea A.W. Hill

comm..
Nototriche wedermannii Ulbrich nom. superfl.
Nototriche wedermannii Ulbrich nom. superfl. = Nototriche pygmaea (Remy) Hill
Reference: FP 1302: 563; Krapovickas, A., 1951: 108; Krapovickas, pers. comm..
$
Notylia amesii Smith & Harris
Notylia amesii Smith & Harris = Notylia microchila Cogn.
Notylia boliviensis Schltr.
Notylia boliviensis Schltr.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Notylia buchtienii Schltr.
Notylia buchtienii Schltr.
Synonyms: Notylia buchtienii Schltr.

Notylia carnosiflora C. Schweinf.
Notylia carnosiflora C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Schunke s.n.* (F)
Notylia coffeicola Schltr.

Notylia coffeicola Schltr. = Macroclinium coffeicolum (Schltr.) Dodson
Notylia conduplicans C. Schweinf.
Notylia conduplicans C. Schweinf. = Notylia microchila Cogn.
Notylia koehleri Schltr.
Notylia koehleri Schltr.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Notylia microchila Cogn.
Notylia microchila Cogn.
Synonyms: Notylia microchila C. Schweinf., Notylia microchila Smith & Harris

Voucher: Klug 10031
Notylia mirabilis C. Schweinf.
Notylia mirabilis C. Schweinf. = Macroclinium mirabile (C. Schweinf.) Dodson
Reference: FP 1484: 936; Christenson, pers. comm.; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
$
Notylia moyobambae Schltr.
Notylia moyobambae Schltr. = Notylia buchtienii Schltr.
Notylia parvilabia C. Schweinf.
Notylia parvilabia C. Schweinf.

Notylia peruviana (Schltr.) C. Schweinf.
Notylia peruviana (Schltr.) C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Notylia peruviana Schltr.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Forget s.n.* , Gentry et al. 32156 (MO!)
Notylia rhombilabia C. Schweinf.
Notylia rhombilabia C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Notylia wullschlaegeliana Focke
Notylia wullschlaegeliana Focke = Macroclinium wullschlaegelianum (Focke) Dodson
Reference: FP 1484: 940; Christenson, pers. comm..
Notylia yauaperyensis Barb. Rodr.
Notylia yauaperyensis Barb. Rodr.

Novenia acaulis (Wedd. ex Benth.) Freire & Hellwig
Novenia acaulis (Wedd. ex Benth.) Freire & Hellwig
Synonyms: Novenia acaulis (Kuntze) Freire, Novenia acaulis (Kuntze) Hieron. ex

Weberb., Novenia acaulis (Kuntze) K. Schum., Novenia acaulis (Wedd. ex Benth.)
Benth. & Hook. f. ex Hook. f. & A.B. Jacks., Novenia acaulis Kuntze, Novenia
acaulis Wedd. ex Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 27926: 56; Freire, S. E. & F. Hellwig, 1990: 124.
Ecology. 3000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Aguilar s.n. (MO, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, La
Libertad, Pasco, Puno.
Novenia tunariensis (Kuntze) Freire
Novenia tunariensis (Kuntze) Freire = Novenia acaulis (Wedd. ex Benth.) Freire &
Hellwig
Reference: FP 27926: 56; Freire, S. E., 1986: 296.
Nowodworskya agrostoides J. Presl

Nowodworskya agrostoides J. Presl = Polypogon elongatus Kunth
Reference: FP 719: 167; Nicora, E. G. and collaborators, 1978: 401.
Noyera glabrifolia Ducke
Noyera glabrifolia Ducke = Perebea glabrifolia (Ducke) C.C. Berg
Noyera mollis (Poepp. & Endl.) Ducke
Noyera mollis (Poepp. & Endl.) Ducke = Perebea mollis (Poepp. & Endl.) Huber subsp.
mollis
Reference: FP 1233: 325; Berg, C. C., 1972: 58.
Noyera rubra Trécul
Noyera rubra Trécul = Perebea mollis subsp. rubra (Trécul) C.C. Berg
Nunnezharia fragrans Ruiz & Pav.
Nunnezharia fragrans Ruiz & Pav. = Chamaedorea fragrans (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.
Nunnezharia geonomoides Spruce
Nunnezharia geonomoides Spruce = Chamaedorea pinnatifrons (Jacq.) Oerst.

Nunnezharia poeppigiana (Mart.) Kuntze
Nunnezharia poeppigiana (Mart.) Kuntze = Chamaedorea linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart.
Nyctago parviflora Salisb.
Nyctago parviflora Salisb. = Mirabilis viscosa Cav.
Nyctanthes multiflora Burm. f.
Nyctanthes multiflora Burm. f. = Jasminum multiflorum (Burm. f.) Andrews
Nyctanthes pubescens Retz.
Nyctanthes pubescens Retz. = Jasminum multiflorum (Burm. f.) Andrews
Reference: D'Arcy, W. G., 1976: 560.
Nyctanthes sambac L.
Nyctanthes sambac L. = Jasminum sambac (L.) Aiton

$
Nycterisition argenteum Kunth
Nycterisition argenteum Kunth = Pradosia argentea (Kunth) T.D. Penn.
Nycterisition ferrugineum Ruiz & Pav.
Nycterisition ferrugineum Ruiz & Pav. = Chrysophyllum argenteum subsp. ferrugineum

(Ruiz & Pav.) T.D. Penn.
Nyctosma nocturna (Jacq.) Raf.
Nyctosma nocturna (Jacq.) Raf. = Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq.
Nymphaea amazonum Mart. & Zucc.
Nymphaea amazonum Mart. & Zucc.
Nymphaea amazonum Mart. & Zucc. var.amazonum
Nymphaea amazonum Mart. & Zucc. var. amazonum
Reference: Wiersema, J. H., 1987: 80.

Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Amazonian: floating. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28682 (MO!)
$
Nymphaea ampla (R. A. Salisbury) DC.
Nymphaea ampla (R. A. Salisbury) DC.
Synonyms: Nymphaea ampla R. A. Salisbury

Reference: Flora Peru: 1269: 638; Wiersema, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Coastal: floating. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui & Diestra 11487 (MO!)
Departments: La Libertad, Tumbes.
Nymphaea blanda Meyer
Nymphaea blanda Meyer = Nymphaea glandulifera Rodschied
Reference: FP 1269: 639; Wiersema, J. H., 1987: 62.
Nymphaea glandulifera Rodschied
Nymphaea glandulifera Rodschied
Synonyms: Nymphaea glandulifera Meyer

Reference: Wiersema, J. H., 1987: 62.
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Amazonian: floating, seasonally inundated areas,
swamps. 0-500 m.
Nymphoides humboldtiana (Kunth in H. B. K.) Kuntze
Nymphoides humboldtiana (Kunth in H. B. K.) Kuntze = Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze
Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze

Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze
Synonyms: Nymphoides indica (Kunth in H. B. K.) Griseb., Nymphoides indica (Kunth

in H. B. K.) Kuntze, Nymphoides indica (L.) Griseb., Nymphoides indica (L.) Vent.,
Nymphoides indica Kunth, Nymphoides indica L.
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Amazonian: floating, seasonally inundated areas,
swamps. 0-500 m.
Note: Treated under Limnanthemum humboldtianum in the Flora of Peru.
Obione imbricata Moquin
Obione imbricata Moquin = Atriplex imbricata (Moq.) Dietr.
Obione rotundifolia Moq.
Obione rotundifolia Moq. = Atriplex rotundifolia (Moq.) Dombey ex Moq.
Oblivia mikanioides (Britton) Strother
Oblivia mikanioides (Britton) Strother
Synonyms: Oblivia mikanioides (Britton) S.F. Blake, Oblivia mikanioides Britton

Reference: Strother, J. L., 1989: 541.
Ochoterenaea colombiana F.A. Barkley
Ochoterenaea colombiana F.A. Barkley
Reference: Barkley, F. A., 1942: 442; Mitchell, pers. comm..

$
Ochroma boliviana Rowlee
Ochroma boliviana Rowlee = Ochroma pyramidale (Cav. ex Lam.) Urb.
Ochroma lagopus Sw.
Ochroma lagopus Sw. = Ochroma pyramidale (Cav. ex Lam.) Urb.
Ochroma peruviana I.M. Johnst.
Ochroma peruviana I.M. Johnst. = Ochroma pyramidale (Cav. ex Lam.) Urb.
Ochroma pyramidale (Cav. ex Lam.) Urb.
Ochroma pyramidale (Cav. ex Lam.) Urb.
Synonyms: Ochroma pyramidale Cav. ex Lam., Ochroma pyramidale I.M. Johnst., Ochroma
pyramidale Rowlee, Ochroma pyramidale Sw.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: seasonally inundated areas. 0-2000 m.

Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco,
Ocimum americanum L.
Ocimum americanum L.

Ocimum basilicum L.
Ocimum basilicum L.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Ocimum campechianum Mill.
Ocimum campechianum Mill.
Ocimum micranthum Willd.
Ocimum micranthum Willd.

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-
1000 m.
Ocotea aciphylla (Nees) Mez
Ocotea aciphylla (Nees) Mez

Synonyms: Ocotea aciphylla Nees
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Pasco.
Ocotea alata van der Werff
Ocotea alata van der Werff

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Gentry et al. 39447* (MO!), Vásquez & Jaramillo 232 (MO!)
Ocotea albopunctulata Mez
Ocotea albopunctulata Mez

Ocotea amazonica (Meisn.) Mez
Ocotea amazonica (Meisn.) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea amazonica Meisn.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Ocotea amplissima Mez

Ocotea amplissima Mez

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Ocotea architectorum Mez
Ocotea architectorum Mez

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Ocotea argyrophylla Ducke
Ocotea argyrophylla Ducke
Ocotea arnottiana (Nees) van der Werff
Ocotea arnottiana (Nees) van der Werff
Synonyms: Ocotea arnottiana (Meisn.) Mez, Ocotea arnottiana Meisn., Ocotea

arnottiana Nees
Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Matthews 1429* (E!), Smith 6114 (MO!)
Ocotea aurantiodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Ocotea aurantiodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez

Synonyms: Ocotea aurantiodora (Ruiz & Pav.) Meisn., Ocotea aurantiodora Ruiz & Pav.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Schunke 6750 (MO!)
Ocotea balanocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Ocotea balanocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea balanocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees, Ocotea balanocarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B), Smith 4482 (MO!)
Ocotea benthamiana Mez
Ocotea benthamiana Mez
Ocotea bofo Kunth
Ocotea bofo Kunth
Ocotea camphoromoea Rohwer
Ocotea camphoromoea Rohwer

$
Ocotea caniflora Mez
Ocotea caniflora Mez

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Ocotea cardinalis Mez
Ocotea cardinalis Mez

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3545* (B fragm. G)
Ocotea caudata (Nees) Mez
Ocotea caudata (Nees) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea caudata (Miq.) Mez, Ocotea caudata Nees

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Ocotea cernua (Nees) Mez
Ocotea cernua (Nees) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea cernua Nees
$
Ocotea cujumari Mart.
Ocotea cujumari Mart.
Ocotea cuneata (Nees) J.F. Macbr.
Ocotea cuneata (Nees) J.F. Macbr. = Ocotea cuneifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Ocotea cuneifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Ocotea cuneifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea cuneifolia (Nees) J.F. Macbr., Ocotea cuneifolia Nees, Ocotea
cuneifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Huashikat 30 (MO!)
Ocotea cuprea (Meisn.) Mez
Ocotea cuprea (Meisn.) Mez = Ocotea oblonga subsp. cuprea (Meisn.) Rohwer
Ocotea dielsiana O. Schmidt
Ocotea dielsiana O. Schmidt

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Ocotea discolor Kunth
Ocotea discolor Kunth = Nectandra discolor (Kunth) Nees
Ocotea ferruginea (Meisn.) Mez
Ocotea ferruginea (Meisn.) Mez = Ocotea arnottiana (Nees) van der Werff
Ocotea floribunda (Sw.) Mez
Ocotea floribunda (Sw.) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea floribunda Sw.

Ocotea fragrantissima Ducke
Ocotea fragrantissima Ducke
Ocotea glomerata (Nees) Mez
Ocotea glomerata (Nees) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea glomerata Nees

$
Ocotea gracilis (Meisn.) Mez
Ocotea gracilis (Meisn.) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea gracilis (Meisn.) Mez, Ocotea gracilis Meisn., Ocotea gracilis
Meisn.
Ocotea grandifolia (Nees) Mez
Ocotea grandifolia (Nees) Mez = Ocotea longifolia Kunth
Ocotea guianensis Aubl.
Ocotea guianensis Aubl.

Ocotea javitensis (Kunth) Pittier
Ocotea javitensis (Kunth) Pittier
Synonyms: Ocotea javitensis Kunth
Ocotea jelskii Mez

Ocotea jelskii Mez

Voucher: Jelski 167* (B)
Ocotea jumbillensis O. Schmidt
Ocotea jumbillensis O. Schmidt

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7155* (GH!)
Ocotea keriana A.C. Sm.
Ocotea keriana A.C. Sm.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Ocotea killipii A.C. Sm.
Ocotea killipii A.C. Sm.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 23648* (NY)
Ocotea latifolia Kunth

Ocotea latifolia Kunth = Nectandra purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Reference: FP 610: 921; Rohwer, J. G., 1986: 77; Rohwer, pres. comm..
Ocotea laxiflora (Meisn.) Mez
Ocotea laxiflora (Meisn.) Mez = Ocotea pauciflora (Nees) Mez
Ocotea leptobotra (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Ocotea leptobotra (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea leptobotra Nees, Ocotea leptobotra Nees, Ocotea leptobotra Ruiz &
Pav., Ocotea leptobotra Ruiz & Pav.
Ocotea leucoxylon (Sw.) Laness.
Ocotea leucoxylon (Sw.) Laness.
Synonyms: Ocotea leucoxylon Sw.
Ocotea lhotzkii Nees
Ocotea lhotzkii Nees = Endlicheria sericea Nees
Ocotea licanioides A.C. Sm.

Ocotea licanioides A.C. Sm.
Synonyms: Ocotea licanioides O. Schmidt

Voucher: Klug 1506* (NY), Vásquez et al. 8074 (MO!)
Ocotea longifolia Kunth
Ocotea longifolia Kunth
Synonyms: Ocotea longifolia (Nees) Mez, Ocotea longifolia Nees
Ocotea macropoda (Kunth) Mez
Ocotea macropoda (Kunth) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea macropoda Kunth

Ocotea magnifica O. Schmidt
Ocotea magnifica O. Schmidt

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 3477*
Ocotea marmellensis Mez

Ocotea marmellensis Mez

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Without collector data.
Ocotea marowynensis (Miq.) Mez
Ocotea marowynensis (Miq.) Mez = Ocotea caudata (Nees) Mez
Ocotea maynensis (Meisn.) Mez
Ocotea maynensis (Meisn.) Mez = Ocotea gracilis (Meisn.) Mez
Ocotea micans Mez
Ocotea micans Mez

Ocotea minarum (Nees & C. Mart.) Mez
Ocotea minarum (Nees & C. Mart.) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea minarum Nees & C. Mart.

$
Ocotea minutiflora O. Schmidt
Ocotea minutiflora O. Schmidt

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 5366*
Ocotea monzonensis Mez
Ocotea monzonensis Mez

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Ocotea multiglandulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Ocotea multiglandulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea multiglandulosa (Nees) J.F. Macbr., Ocotea multiglandulosa Nees,

Ocotea multiglandulosa Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* , Poeppig 2435
Ocotea munacensis O. Schmidt
Ocotea munacensis O. Schmidt

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Ocotea myriantha (Meisn.) Mez
Ocotea myriantha (Meisn.) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea myriantha Meisn.
Ocotea oblonga (Meisn.) Mez
Ocotea oblonga (Meisn.) Mez
Ocotea oblonga subsp.cuprea (Meisn.) Rohwer
Ocotea oblonga subsp. cuprea (Meisn.) Rohwer
Synonyms: Ocotea oblonga cuprea (Meisn.) Mez, Ocotea oblonga cuprea Meisn.
Voucher: Spruce 4844* (G-DC)
Ocotea oblongoobovata (Nees) Rohwer
Ocotea oblongoobovata (Nees) Rohwer
Synonyms: Ocotea oblongoobovata Nees

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B)
$
Ocotea obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Ocotea obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meisn., Ocotea obovata Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* , Smith 5345 (MO!)
Ocotea olivacea A.C. Sm.
Ocotea olivacea A.C. Sm.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29843* , Vásquez & Jaramillo 7971 (MO!)
Ocotea ottoschmidtii J.F. Macbr.
Ocotea ottoschmidtii J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Ocotea ottoschmidtii O.C. Schmidt

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Ocotea otuzcensis O. Schmidt
Ocotea otuzcensis O. Schmidt

$
Ocotea ovalifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Ocotea ovalifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea ovalifolia (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Nees, Ocotea ovalifolia J.F.
Macbr., Ocotea ovalifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B), Smith 3167 (MO!)
Ocotea pauciflora (Nees) Mez
Ocotea pauciflora (Nees) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea pauciflora (Meisn.) Mez, Ocotea pauciflora Meisn., Ocotea

pauciflora Nees
Ocotea petalanthera (Meisn.) Mez
Ocotea petalanthera (Meisn.) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea petalanthera Meisn.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Ocotea pichurim Kunth
Ocotea pichurim Kunth = Nectandra pichurim var. pichurim

Note: NN
$
Ocotea piurensis Mez
Ocotea piurensis Mez

Voucher: Weberbauer 6348* (B), Díaz 2079 (MO!)
Ocotea poeppigiana (Nees) J.F. Macbr.
Ocotea poeppigiana (Nees) J.F. Macbr. = Ocotea multiglandulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Ocotea puberula (Richard) Nees
Ocotea puberula (Richard) Nees
Synonyms: Ocotea puberula Richard

Voucher: Hartshorn et al. 2767 (MO!)
Ocotea puchury-minor Mart.
Ocotea puchury-minor Mart. = Aniba puchury-minor (Mart.) Mez
Reference: FP 610: 866; Kubitzki, K. & S. Renner, 1982: 57.
Ocotea raimondii O. Schmidt

Ocotea raimondii O. Schmidt

Ocotea rigida Kunth
Ocotea rigida Kunth = Nectandra reticulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Ocotea rubra Mez
Ocotea rubra Mez
Ocotea rubrinervis Mez
Ocotea rubrinervis Mez

Voucher: Spruce 4580* (B), Gentry & Jaramillo 57801 (MO!)
Ocotea rusbyana Mez
Ocotea rusbyana Mez

$
Ocotea schomburgkiana (Nees) Mez
Ocotea schomburgkiana (Nees) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea schomburgkiana Nees

Ocotea splendens (Meisn.) Baill.
Ocotea splendens (Meisn.) Baill.
Synonyms: Ocotea splendens Meisn.
Ocotea sublanuginosa J.F. Macbr.
Ocotea sublanuginosa J.F. Macbr. = Ocotea ovalifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Ocotea subrutilans Mez
Ocotea subrutilans Mez

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Ocotea tarapotana (Meisn.) Mez

Ocotea tarapotana (Meisn.) Mez
Synonyms: Ocotea tarapotana Meisn.

Voucher: Spruce 4226* (BR)
Ocotea tenella A.C. Sm.
Ocotea tenella A.C. Sm.

Ocotea tessmannii O. Schmidt
Ocotea tessmannii O. Schmidt

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Ocotea trianae Rusby
Ocotea trianae Rusby

Ocotea turbacensis Kunth
Ocotea turbacensis Kunth = Nectandra turbacensis (Kunth) Nees

$
Ocotea ucayalensis O. Schmidt
Ocotea ucayalensis O. Schmidt

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 3291* (US!)
Ocotea undulata (Meisn.) Mez
Ocotea undulata (Meisn.) Mez = Pleurothyrium undulatum (Meisn.) Rohwer

Note: NN
Ocotea weberbaueri Mez
Ocotea weberbaueri Mez

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Ocotea weberbaueri O.C. Schmidt
Ocotea weberbaueri O.C. Schmidt = Ocotea ottoschmidtii J.F. Macbr.
$
Octomeria boliviensis Rolfe
Octomeria boliviensis Rolfe
Octomeria boliviensis var.grandifolia C. Schweinf.
Octomeria boliviensis var. grandifolia C. Schweinf.

Voucher: Klug 0.15*
Octomeria complanata C. Schweinf.
Octomeria complanata C. Schweinf.

Octomeria erosilabia C. Schweinf.
Octomeria erosilabia C. Schweinf.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Octomeria grandiflora Lindl.
Octomeria grandiflora Lindl. = Octomeria surinamensis Focke

Octomeria scirpoidea (Poeppig & Endlicher) Rchb. f.
Octomeria scirpoidea (Poeppig & Endlicher) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Octomeria scirpoidea Poepp. & Endl.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Octomeria semiconnata C. Schweinf.
Octomeria semiconnata C. Schweinf.

Voucher: Allard 21398*
Octomeria surinamensis Focke
Octomeria surinamensis Focke
Synonyms: Octomeria surinamensis Lindl.

Octopleura robusta Triana
Octopleura robusta Triana = Ossaea robusta (Triana) Cogn.

Odonellia hirtiflora (M. Martens & Galeotti) K.R. Robertson
Odonellia hirtiflora (M. Martens & Galeotti) K.R. Robertson
Synonyms: Odonellia hirtiflora (M. Martens & Galeotti) O'Donell, Odonellia

hirtiflora (Moricand) Meisn., Odonellia hirtiflora M. Martens & Galeotti, Odonellia
hirtiflora Meisn., Odonellia hirtiflora Seem.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, riversides,
savannas. 0-2500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San Martín.
Odontadenia affinis Woodson
Odontadenia affinis Woodson

Ecology: Endemic liana, vine. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28609* (US), Vásquez & Jaramillo 3247 (MO!)
Odontadenia anomala (Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.) J.F. Macbr.
Odontadenia anomala (Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Odontadenia anomala (Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.) Pichon, Odontadenia
anomala Miers, Odontadenia anomala Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4900* (K), Kayap 1221 (MO!)
Odontadenia augusta Woodson

Odontadenia augusta Woodson = Odontadenia cognata (Stadelmeyer) Woodson
Odontadenia cognata (Stadelmeyer) Woodson
Odontadenia cognata (Stadelmeyer) Woodson
Synonyms: Odontadenia cognata (Stadelmeyer) Müll. Arg., Odontadenia cognata

(Stadelmeyer) Miers, Odontadenia cognata Stadelmeyer, Odontadenia cognata Woodson
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Seibert 2008 (MO!)
Odontadenia cordigera Woodson
Odontadenia cordigera Woodson

Ecology: Endemic liana, vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29916* (MO!)
Odontadenia funigera Woodson
Odontadenia funigera Woodson

Odontadenia geminata (Hoffmannsegg ex Roemer & Schultes) Müll. Arg.

Odontadenia geminata (Hoffmannsegg ex Roemer & Schultes) Müll. Arg.
Synonyms: Odontadenia geminata Hoffmannsegg ex Roemer & Schultes

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: riversides, terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Odontadenia glandulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Schumann
Odontadenia glandulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Schumann = Mandevilla glandulosa (Ruiz & Pav.)
Woodson
Odontadenia glauca Woodson
Odontadenia glauca Woodson

Odontadenia grandiflora Miq.
Odontadenia grandiflora Miq. = Odontadenia macrantha (Roemer & Schultes) Markgr.
Odontadenia hoffmannseggiana (Steud.) Woodson
Odontadenia hoffmannseggiana (Steud.) Woodson = Odontadenia macrantha (Roemer &

Schultes) Markgr.

$
Odontadenia killipii Woodson
Odontadenia killipii Woodson

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: forests on white sand, terra firme forests.
0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29847* (MO!), Croat 19092 (MO!)
Odontadenia lauretiana Woodson & Steyerm.
Odontadenia lauretiana Woodson & Steyerm.

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: riversides, terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Williams 4385* (F), Revilla 1678 (MO!)
Odontadenia laxiflora (Rusby) Woodson
Odontadenia laxiflora (Rusby) Woodson
Synonyms: Odontadenia laxiflora (Rusby) Pichon, Odontadenia laxiflora Markgr.,

Odontadenia laxiflora Rusby
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Odontadenia lutea (Vell.) Markgr.
Odontadenia lutea (Vell.) Markgr.

Synonyms: Odontadenia lutea Vell.
Ecology: Native shrub, liana. Amazonian: savannas, shrublands. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Gentry & Núñez 69477 (MO!)
Odontadenia macrantha (Roemer & Schultes) Markgr.
Odontadenia macrantha (Roemer & Schultes) Markgr.
Synonyms: Odontadenia macrantha (Steud.) Woodson, Odontadenia macrantha G. Meyer,

Odontadenia macrantha Miq., Odontadenia macrantha Roemer & Schultes, Odontadenia
macrantha Steud.
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500
m.
Odontadenia macrostoma A.H. Gentry
Odontadenia macrostoma A.H. Gentry

Voucher: Tunqui 602* (MO!)
Odontadenia nitida (Vahl) Müll. Arg.
Odontadenia nitida (Vahl) Müll. Arg.
Synonyms: Odontadenia nitida (Vahl) Miers, Odontadenia nitida Vahl

m.
$
Odontadenia puncticulosa (Richard) Pulle
Odontadenia puncticulosa (Richard) Pulle
Synonyms: Odontadenia puncticulosa Richard

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Odontadenia stemmadeniifolia Woodson
Odontadenia stemmadeniifolia Woodson

Voucher: Klug 782* (US), Berlin 850 (MO!)
Odontadenia sylvestris (A. DC.) Müll. Arg.
Odontadenia sylvestris (A. DC.) Müll. Arg.
Synonyms: Odontadenia sylvestris A. DC.
Odontadenia verrucosa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Schumann ex Markgr.
Odontadenia verrucosa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Schumann ex Markgr.
Synonyms: Odontadenia verrucosa Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-500
m.
$
Odontandra tuberculata Triana & Planch.
Odontandra tuberculata Triana & Planch. = Trichilia tuberculata (Triana & Planch.)
C. DC.
Odontocarya arifolia Barneby
Odontocarya arifolia Barneby

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas. 0-
500 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 5374* (F), Vásquez & Jaramillo 9320 (NY!)
Odontocarya convolvulacea Miers
Odontocarya convolvulacea Miers = Disciphania convolvulacea (Poepp.) Diels
Odontocarya deminuta (Diels) Barneby
Odontocarya deminuta (Diels) Barneby
Synonyms: Odontocarya deminuta Diels

Voucher: Tessmann 4967* (B destroyed), Williams 2663 (F)
$
Odontocarya dielsiana Barneby
Odontocarya dielsiana Barneby
Synonyms: Odontocarya dielsiana Diels

Reference: Barneby, R. C. & B. A. Krukoff, 1971: 114.
Voucher: Ule 6696* (MG)
Odontocarya diplobotrya Diels
Odontocarya diplobotrya Diels

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, seasonally
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* , Smith 4175 (NY!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Odontocarya echinus Barneby
Odontocarya echinus Barneby

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500
m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 5546* (GH), Foster & Terbourgh 6201 (NY!, USM!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.
Odontocarya emarginatus Barneby
Odontocarya emarginatus Barneby

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 6409 (NY!)
$
Odontocarya floribunda Diels
Odontocarya floribunda Diels

Voucher: Klug 3317 (NY!)
Odontocarya hederaefolia var. canescens Miers
Odontocarya hederaefolia var. canescens Miers = Odontocarya tamoides var. canescens

(Miers) Barneby
Odontocarya integrifolia (A. C. Smith) Barneby
Odontocarya integrifolia (A. C. Smith) Barneby
Odontocarya klugii (A.C. Sm.) Barneby
Odontocarya klugii (A.C. Sm.) Barneby
Synonyms: Odontocarya klugii A.C. Sm.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Odontocarya krukoviana Barneby

Odontocarya krukoviana Barneby

Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 16247 (USM!)
Odontocarya magnifolia (A. C. Smith) Barneby
Odontocarya magnifolia (A. C. Smith) Barneby
Synonyms: Odontocarya magnifolia A.C. Sm.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tunqui 415 (NY!)
Odontocarya monandra Barneby
Odontocarya monandra Barneby

Voucher: Davidson 9884* (NY!), Schunke 8257 (NY!)
Odontocarya paupera (Griseb.) Diels
Odontocarya paupera (Griseb.) Diels = Odontocarya tamoides var. canescens (Miers)

Barneby

Note: NN
Odontocarya rusbyi Barneby

Odontocarya rusbyi Barneby

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Gentry et al. 27257 (NY!)
Odontocarya tamoides (DC.) Miers
Odontocarya tamoides (DC.) Miers
Odontocarya tamoides var.canescens (Miers) Barneby
Odontocarya tamoides var. canescens (Miers) Barneby
Synonyms: Odontocarya tamoides canescens (Griseb.) Diels, Odontocarya tamoides

canescens Griseb., Odontocarya tamoides var. canescens Miers
Odontocarya tripetala Diels
Odontocarya tripetala Diels

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Vásquez & Jaramillo 8290 (NY!)
Martín.
Odontocarya ulei Diels
Odontocarya ulei Diels

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: rocky slopes. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 5919 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Odontocarya uva-alba Barneby
Odontocarya uva-alba Barneby

Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 5519* (NY!), McDaniel 13993 (NY!)
Odontocarya wullschlaegelii (Eichl.) Barnbey
Odontocarya wullschlaegelii (Eichl.) Barnbey
Odontocarya wullschlaegelii var.wullschlaegellii
Odontocarya wullschlaegelii var. wullschlaegellii
Synonyms: Odontocarya wullschlaegelii wullschlaegellii Eichl.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ule 6696 (F!)
Odontoglossum angustatum Lindl.
Odontoglossum angustatum Lindl.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum angustatum Schltr., Odontoglossum angustatum Schltr.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
$
Odontoglossum anthoxanthum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum anthoxanthum Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum anthoxanthum Rolfe

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Odontoglossum astranthum Linden & Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum astranthum Linden & Rchb. f.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Lindl., Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb.

f., Odontoglossum aureum (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Rchb. f., Odontoglossum aureum
Kraenzl., Odontoglossum aureum Linden & Reichenbach f., Odontoglossum aureum
Lindl., Odontoglossum aureum Lindl., Odontoglossum aureum Lindl., Odontoglossum
aureum Lindl., Odontoglossum aureum Lindl. ex Rchb. f., Odontoglossum aureum Rchb.
f., Odontoglossum aureum Rchb. f. & Warsz., Odontoglossum aureum Rchb. f. & Warsz.,
Odontoglossum aureum Rolfe
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco.
Odontoglossum auro-purpureum Rchb. f.

Odontoglossum auro-purpureum Rchb. f.

Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Odontoglossum bellum Schltr.
Odontoglossum bellum Schltr. = Odontoglossum angustatum Lindl.
Odontoglossum bicolor Lindl.
Odontoglossum bicolor Lindl.

Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: elfin forests. 3000-3500
m.
Voucher: Smith 7706A (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.
Odontoglossum blandum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum blandum Rchb. f.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Odontoglossum brachypterum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum brachypterum Rchb. f. = Otoglossum brachypterum (Rchb. f.) Garay &

Dunst.

$
Odontoglossum brevifolium Lindl.
Odontoglossum brevifolium Lindl. = Otoglossum brevifolium (Lindl.) Garay & Dunst.
Odontoglossum brevifolium var. weberbauerianum (Kraenzl.) C. Schweinf.
Odontoglossum brevifolium var. weberbauerianum (Kraenzl.) C. Schweinf. = Otoglossum

weberbaueranum (Kraenzlin) Garay & Dunst.
Odontoglossum brevilabium C. Schweinf.
Odontoglossum brevilabium C. Schweinf. = Oliveriana brevilabia (C. Schweinf.)

Dressler & N.H. Williams
Odontoglossum candelabrum Hort. Linden ex Veitch
Odontoglossum candelabrum Hort. Linden ex Veitch

Odontoglossum cardiochilum (Lindl.) Kraenzl.
Odontoglossum cardiochilum (Lindl.) Kraenzl. = Oncidium cardiochilum Lindl.

Note: NN
Odontoglossum chiriquense Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum chiriquense Rchb. f.

Note: Not known from Peru. Known from Panama.
Odontoglossum cimiciferum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum cimiciferum Rchb. f. = Oncidium cimiciferum Rchb. f. ex Lindl.
Odontoglossum cirrhosum Lindl.
Odontoglossum cirrhosum Lindl.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum cirrhosum (Lindl.) Beer

Note: Not known from Peru. Known from Colombia and Ecuador.
Odontoglossum cochleatum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum cochleatum (Lindl.) Rchb. f. = Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum compactum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum compactum Rchb. f. = Odontoglossum auropurpureum Rchb. f.

Odontoglossum coronarium Lindl.
Odontoglossum coronarium Lindl.

Odontoglossum coronarium var. chiriquense (Rchb. f.) Veitch
Odontoglossum coronarium var. chiriquense (Rchb. f.) Veitch = Otoglossum

chiriquense (Veitch) Garay & Dunst.

Note: NN
Odontoglossum coronarium var.miniatum Veitch
Odontoglossum coronarium var. miniatum Veitch

Odontoglossum crispum Lindl.
Odontoglossum crispum Lindl.

$
Odontoglossum crista-galli (Rchb. f.) Kraenzlin ex Weberbauer
Odontoglossum crista-galli (Rchb. f.) Kraenzlin ex Weberbauer = Oncidium crista-

galli Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum cristatum Lindl.
Odontoglossum cristatum Lindl.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum cristatum (Lindl.) Beer

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Odontoglossum crocatum Linden & Reichenbach f.
Odontoglossum crocatum Linden & Reichenbach f. = Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.)

Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum cruentum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum cruentum Rchb. f.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Odontoglossum depauperatum Kraenzl.
Odontoglossum depauperatum Kraenzl.

Synonyms: Odontoglossum depauperatum Kraenzl.
Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4443* , Hutchison & Wright 5573 (MO!)
Odontoglossum digitatum C. Schweinf.
Odontoglossum digitatum C. Schweinf.

Departments: Cuzco.
Odontoglossum epidendroides Kunth
Odontoglossum epidendroides Kunth
Synonyms: Odontoglossum epidendroides (Kunth) Beer, Odontoglossum epidendroides

Lindl.
Voucher: Mathews 1867* , Bennett 3629 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco.
Odontoglossum festatum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum festatum Rchb. f. = Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum flavescens Rolfe
Odontoglossum flavescens Rolfe = Odontoglossum anthoxanthum Rchb. f.

$
Odontoglossum fractiflexum Kraenzl.
Odontoglossum fractiflexum Kraenzl. = Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum fractum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum fractum Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum fractum Kraenzl.

Voucher: Bennett 578 (MO!)
Odontoglossum graminifolium C. Schweinf.
Odontoglossum graminifolium C. Schweinf.
Note: Not known from Peru. Known from Boliva and Colombia.
Odontoglossum hallii Lindl.
Odontoglossum hallii Lindl.

Odontoglossum harryanum Rchb. f.

Odontoglossum harryanum Rchb. f.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Odontoglossum hastilabium Lindl.
Odontoglossum hastilabium Lindl. = Oncidium hastilabium (Lindl.) Garay & Dunst.
Odontoglossum hemichrysum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Odontoglossum hemichrysum Rchb. f. & Warsz. = Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb.

f.
Odontoglossum hennisii Rolfe
Odontoglossum hennisii Rolfe

Voucher: Hennis s.n.*
Odontoglossum hrubyanum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum hrubyanum Rchb. f.

Voucher: Huebsch s.n.*
Odontoglossum juninense Schltr.
Odontoglossum juninense Schltr.

Odontoglossum kegeljani Morren
Odontoglossum kegeljani Morren
Synonyms: Odontoglossum kegeljani Rchb. f.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Odontoglossum koehleri Schltr.
Odontoglossum koehleri Schltr. = Odontoglossum auropurpureum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum lacerum Lindl.
Odontoglossum lacerum Lindl. = Odontoglossum epidendroides Kunth
Odontoglossum ligulatum (R. & P.) Garay

Odontoglossum ligulatum (R. & P.) Garay
Synonyms: Odontoglossum ligulatum (Rchb. f.) Kraenzl., Odontoglossum ligulatum

(Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Odontoglossum ligulatum Rchb. f., Odontoglossum ligulatum Ruiz
& Pav.
Odontoglossum loesenerianum Schltr.
Odontoglossum loesenerianum Schltr. = Odontoglossum angustatum Lindl.
Odontoglossum longifolium Lindl.
Odontoglossum longifolium Lindl.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum longifolium Lindl. ex Kraenzl.

Odontoglossum longipes Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Odontoglossum longipes Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum longipes (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Kraenzl.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Piura.
Odontoglossum megalophium Lindl.

Odontoglossum megalophium Lindl.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum megalophium (Lindl.) Beer, Odontoglossum megalophium

(Lindley) Kraenzl.
Odontoglossum melanthes Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Odontoglossum melanthes Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum melanthes Kraenzl.

Odontoglossum mentigerum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Odontoglossum mentigerum Rchb. f. & Warsz. = Oncidium mentigerum (Reichenbach f. &

Warscewicz) Lindl.
Odontoglossum microthyrsus Kraenzl.
Odontoglossum microthyrsus Kraenzl. = Odontoglossum fractum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum miniatum Hort. ex Veitch
Odontoglossum miniatum Hort. ex Veitch = Otoglossum brevifolium (Lindl.) Garay &

Dunst.

$
Odontoglossum multistellare Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum multistellare Rchb. f.

Odontoglossum myanthum Lindl.
Odontoglossum myanthum Lindl.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum myanthum Kraenzl.

Voucher: Bennett & Bennett 3762 (MO)
Odontoglossum myrianthum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum myrianthum Rchb. f. = Odontoglossum ligulatum (R. & P.) Garay
Odontoglossum mystacinum (Lindl.) Lindl.
Odontoglossum mystacinum (Lindl.) Lindl. = Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum noezlianum Masters

Odontoglossum noezlianum Masters = Cochlioda noezliana (Masters) Rolfe
Odontoglossum obscurum C. Schweinf.
Odontoglossum obscurum C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum obscurum Rchb. f.

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Wallis s.n.* , Woytkowski 5281 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Piura.
Odontoglossum pardinum Lindl.
Odontoglossum pardinum Lindl.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum pardinum (Lindl.) Lindl.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Odontoglossum polyxanthum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum polyxanthum Rchb. f. = Odontoglossum kegeljani Morren
Odontoglossum praestans Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Odontoglossum praestans Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Voucher: Warcewicz s.n.* (photo AMES)
Odontoglossum pusillum C. Schweinf.
Odontoglossum pusillum C. Schweinf. = Rusbyella caespitosa Rolfe
Odontoglossum ramosissimum Lindl.
Odontoglossum ramosissimum Lindl.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Odontoglossum retusum Lindl.
Odontoglossum retusum Lindl.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum retusum (Lindl.) Beer, Odontoglossum retusum (Lindl.)

Kraenzl.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Odontoglossum revolutum Lindl.
Odontoglossum revolutum Lindl.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum revolutum (Lindl.) Beer

$
Odontoglossum rigidum Lindl.
Odontoglossum rigidum Lindl.
Synonyms: Odontoglossum rigidum (Lindl.) Beer

Odontoglossum ringens Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum ringens Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum roseum Lindl.
Odontoglossum roseum Lindl. = Cochlioda rosea (Lindl.) Benth.
Odontoglossum sapphiratum Reichenbach f. ex Bockm.
Odontoglossum sapphiratum Reichenbach f. ex Bockm.

Odontoglossum subuligerum Rchb. f.

Odontoglossum subuligerum Rchb. f.

Odontoglossum tenue Cogn.
Odontoglossum tenue Cogn.

Odontoglossum tetraplasium Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum tetraplasium Rchb. f.

Odontoglossum tigroides C. Schweinf.
Odontoglossum tigroides C. Schweinf. = Solenidiopsis tigroides (C. Schweinf.)

Senghas
Odontoglossum trilobum Schltr.
Odontoglossum trilobum Schltr. = Oncidium trilobum (Schltr.) Garay & Stacy
Reference: FP 1484: 830; Garay, L. A. & J. E. Stacy, 1974: 408; Dodson, C. H.,
1992: xx.
$
Odontoglossum tripudians Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Odontoglossum tripudians Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Odontoglossum velleum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum velleum Rchb. f.

Odontoglossum vexillarium Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum vexillarium Rchb. f. = Miltoniopsis vexillaria (Rchb. f.) God.-Leb.
Odontoglossum weberbauerianum (Kraenzl.) Schltr.
Odontoglossum weberbauerianum (Kraenzl.) Schltr. = Otoglossum weberbaueranum

(Kraenzlin) Garay & Dunst.
Odontoglossum weltonii Hort.

Odontoglossum weltonii Hort. = Oncidium fuscatum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum wyattianum G. Wilson
Odontoglossum wyattianum G. Wilson
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Wyatt s.n.* , Bennett 4532 (MO!)
Odontoglossum zebrinum Rchb. f.
Odontoglossum zebrinum Rchb. f. = Oncidium zebrinum (Reichenbach f.) Rchb. f.

Note: NN
Odontomanes hostmannianum (Klotzsch) Presl
Odontomanes hostmannianum (Klotzsch) Presl = ?
Odontonema adenostachyum Lindau
Odontonema adenostachyum Lindau = Pulchranthus adenostachyus (Lindau) V.M. Baum,

Reveal & Nowicke
Odontonema cuspidatum (Nees) Kuntze

Odontonema cuspidatum (Nees) Kuntze
Synonyms: Odontonema cuspidatum Nees
Odontonema dubiosum Lindau
Odontonema dubiosum Lindau = Streblacanthus dubiosus (Lindau) V.M. Baum
Reference: Baum, V. M., 1982: 433.
Odontonema hookerianum (Nees) Kuntze
Odontonema hookerianum (Nees) Kuntze
Synonyms: Odontonema hookerianum Nees
Odontorrhynchus alticola Garay
Odontorrhynchus alticola Garay
Reference: Garay, L. A., 1980: 286; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Note: Garay (1980) cites this taxon as "Odontorhynchus".
Voucher: Vargas 6965* (AMES!)
Departments: Puno.
Oeceoclades maculata (Lindl.) Lindl.
Oeceoclades maculata (Lindl.) Lindl.
Synonyms: Oeceoclades maculata (Lindl.) Loddiges, Oeceoclades maculata (Lindl.)

Pfitzer, Oeceoclades maculata (Lindl.) Rchb. f., Oeceoclades maculata Lindl.
Voucher: Núñez & Walsh 6302 (MO!)
Oedematopus congestiflorus Engl.
Oedematopus congestiflorus Engl.
Reference: Engler, A., 1923: 6.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Puno.
Oedematopus octandrus (Poepp. & Endl.) Planch. & Triana
Oedematopus octandrus (Poepp. & Endl.) Planch. & Triana
Synonyms: Oedematopus octandrus Poepp. & Endl.

Reference: Maguire, B., 1951: 68.
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Oedematopus weberbaueri Engl.
Oedematopus weberbaueri Engl.

Oedera trinervia Spreng.
Oedera trinervia Spreng. = Flaveria trinervia (Spreng.) C. Mohr

Reference: Mohr, C., 1901: 810.
Oenocarpus bacaba Mart.
Oenocarpus bacaba Mart.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Péez 1 (USM)
Oenocarpus balickii F. Kahn
Oenocarpus balickii F. Kahn
Oenocarpus bataua Mart.
Oenocarpus bataua Mart.
Synonyms: Oenocarpus bataua (Mart.) Burret, Oenocarpus bataua Burret, Oenocarpus

bataua Mart.
Reference: Flora Peru: 39695: 379; Balick, M. J., 1985: 119; Henderson, pers.
comm..
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand, terra firme forests. 0-500
m.
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Oenocarpus mapora H. Karst.
Oenocarpus mapora H. Karst.
$
Oenocarpus mapora H. Karst. subsp.mapora
Oenocarpus mapora H. Karst. subsp. mapora
Synonyms: Oenocarpus mapora mapora Spruce

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Balick et al. 987 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Oenocarpus minor Mart.
Oenocarpus minor Mart.

Oenocarpus multicaulis Spruce
Oenocarpus multicaulis Spruce = Oenocarpus mapora H. Karst. subsp. mapora
Reference: FP 39695: 382; Balick, M. J., 1985: 105.
Oenothera albicans Lam.
Oenothera albicans Lam. = Oenothera nocturna Jacq.
Reference: FP 763: 557; Dietrich, W., 1977: 582.
Oenothera arequipensis Munz & I.M. Johnst.

Oenothera arequipensis Munz & I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Oenothera arequipensis Munz & I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Dietrich, W., 1977: 577.
Voucher: Hitchcock 22403* (US), Cerrate 3825 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ica, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Tacna.
Oenothera barbeyana Levling
Oenothera barbeyana Levling = Oenothera multicaulis Ruiz & Pav.
Oenothera campylocalyx Koch & Bouche
Oenothera campylocalyx Koch & Bouche = Oenothera versicolor Lehm.
Oenothera dentata Cav.
Oenothera dentata Cav. = Camissonia dentata Reiche var. dentata
Reference: FP 763: 536; Raven, P. H., 1969: 341.
Oenothera drummondii Hooker
Oenothera drummondii Hooker

Ecology: Cultivated herb. Coastal: beach. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Eyerdam 9067 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.
$
Oenothera elongata Rusby
Oenothera elongata Rusby
Synonyms: Oenothera elongata Krause

Note: Not known from Peru. @Known from Bolivia and Argentina. The specimen cited
in the Flora of Peru is misidentified.@
Oenothera epilobiifolia Kunth
Oenothera epilobiifolia Kunth
Oenothera epilobiifolia subsp.epilobiifolia
Oenothera epilobiifolia subsp. epilobiifolia
Oenothera featherstonei Munz & I.M. Johnst.
Oenothera featherstonei Munz & I.M. Johnst.
Reference: Flora Peru: 763: 536; Dietrich, W., 1977: 580.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Encarnación 369 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.
Oenothera laciniata Hill
Oenothera laciniata Hill
$
Oenothera laciniata var.laciniata
Oenothera laciniata var. laciniata

Oenothera laciniata var. limensis Munz & I.M. Johnst.
Oenothera laciniata var. limensis Munz & I.M. Johnst. = Oenothera arequipensis Munz
& I.M. Johnst.
Oenothera laciniata var.pubescens (Willd. ex Spreng.) Munz
Oenothera laciniata var. pubescens (Willd. ex Spreng.) Munz
Synonyms: Oenothera laciniata pubescens Willd.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Santarius 2198 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, La
Libertad.
Oenothera multicaulis Ruiz & Pav.
Oenothera multicaulis Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Oenothera multicaulis (Ruiz & Pav.) Loes., Oenothera multicaulis Ball,
Oenothera multicaulis Levling
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 2500-4500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Gentry et al. 19213 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.
$
Oenothera multicaulis var. petiolaris Ball
Oenothera multicaulis var. petiolaris Ball = Oenothera multicaulis Ruiz & Pav.
Oenothera nana Griseb.
Oenothera nana Griseb.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3000- > 4500 m.
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua, Puno.
Oenothera nocturna Jacq.
Oenothera nocturna Jacq.
Synonyms: Oenothera nocturna Lam., Oenothera nocturna Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-3500 m.
Voucher: Cerrate 1059 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad.
Oenothera octovalvis Jacq.
Oenothera octovalvis Jacq. = Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) Raven
Reference: Raven, P. H., 1963: 350.
Oenothera peruana W. Dietrich

Oenothera peruana W. Dietrich

Voucher: Santarius 2090* (MO!), Santarius 2098 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Arequipa.
Oenothera prostrata Ruiz & Pav.
Oenothera prostrata Ruiz & Pav. = Oenothera nocturna Jacq.
Oenothera psychrophila Ball
Oenothera psychrophila Ball = Oenothera rosea Aiton
Oenothera pubescens Willd.
Oenothera pubescens Willd. = Oenothera laciniata var. pubescens (Willd. ex Spreng.)

Munz
Oenothera punae Kuntze
Oenothera punae Kuntze
Synonyms: Oenothera punae (Kuntze) Sprague & Riley

Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Puno.
$
Oenothera rosea Aiton
Oenothera rosea Aiton
Synonyms: Oenothera rosea (Aiton) Raim. in Engl. & Prantl, Oenothera rosea Ball,
Oenothera rosea Cav., Oenothera rosea Ruiz & Pav.
Lima, Pasco, Piura.
Oenothera rubida Rusby
Oenothera rubida Rusby

Voucher: Williams 2524* (NY), Santarius 2100 (MO!)
Oenothera rubra Cav.
Oenothera rubra Cav. = Oenothera rosea Aiton
Oenothera sandiana Hassk.
Oenothera sandiana Hassk.
Synonyms: Oenothera sandiana Krause

Voucher: Hasskarl s.n.* , Solomon 3054 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica,
Junín, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.
$
Oenothera scabra Krause
Oenothera scabra Krause

Departments: Ayacucho, Puno.
Oenothera serratifolia Krause
Oenothera serratifolia Krause = Oenothera elongata Rusby

Note: NN
Oenothera stricta Ledeb. ex Link
Oenothera stricta Ledeb. ex Link

Oenothera tenella Cav.
Oenothera tenella Cav. = Clarkia tenella (Cav.) Lewis & Lewis subsp. tenella
Reference: FP 763: 533; Moore, D.M. & H. Lewis, 1965: 334.

Note: NN
Oenothera tenuifolia Cav.

Oenothera tenuifolia Cav. = Clarkia tenella subsp. tenuifolia (Cav.) D. M. Moore &
Lewis
Reference: FP 763: 533; Moore, D.M. & H. Lewis, 1965: 335.

Note: NN
Oenothera tetraptera Cav.
Oenothera tetraptera Cav.
Oenothera verrucosa I.M. Johnst.
Oenothera verrucosa I.M. Johnst.

Oenothera versicolor Lehm.
Oenothera versicolor Lehm.
Synonyms: Oenothera versicolor Koch & Bouche, Oenothera versicolor Krause

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, shrublands. 2500-4000 m.
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Junín, Lima, Puno.
Oenothera virgata Ruiz & Pav.
Oenothera virgata Ruiz & Pav. = Oenothera rosea Aiton

$
Oenothera weberbaueri Krause
Oenothera weberbaueri Krause = Oenothera sandiana Hassk.
Ogcodeia caloneura (Huber) J.F. Macbr.
Ogcodeia caloneura (Huber) J.F. Macbr. = Naucleopsis caloneura (Huber) Ducke
Reference: FP 1233: 319; Berg, C. C., 1972: 116; Berg, pers. comm..
Note: NN
Ogcodeia glabra Spruce ex Mildbraed
Ogcodeia glabra Spruce ex Mildbraed = Naucleopsis glabra Spruce ex Baill.
Ogcodeia imitans Ducke
Ogcodeia imitans Ducke = Naucleopsis imitans (Ducke) C.C. Berg
Ogcodeia pseudonaga Mildbr.
Ogcodeia pseudonaga Mildbr. = Naucleopsis pseudonaga (Mildbr.) C.C. Berg
$
Ogcodeia tamamuri J.F. Macbr.
Ogcodeia tamamuri J.F. Macbr. = Naucleopsis glabra Spruce ex Baill.
Ogcodeia ternstroemiiflora Mildbr.
Ogcodeia ternstroemiiflora Mildbr. = Naucleopsis ternstroemiiflora (Mildbr.) C.C.

Berg
Ogcodeia tessmannii Mildbr.
Ogcodeia tessmannii Mildbr. = Naucleopsis glabra Spruce ex Baill.
Ogcodeia ulei (Warb.) J.F. Macbr.
Ogcodeia ulei (Warb.) J.F. Macbr. = Naucleopsis ulei (Warb.) Ducke
Ohigginsia aggregata Ruiz & Pav.
Ohigginsia aggregata Ruiz & Pav. = Hoffmannia aggregata (Ruiz & Pav.) Schum.
Ohigginsia obovata Ruiz & Pav.

Ohigginsia obovata Ruiz & Pav. = Hoffmannia obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.
Ohigginsia verticillata Ruiz & Pav.
Ohigginsia verticillata Ruiz & Pav. = Hoffmannia verticillata (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.
Oldenlandia corymbosa L.
Oldenlandia corymbosa L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1365: 68; Terrell, E. E., 1991: 235.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m.
Oldenlandia herbacea (L.) DC.
Oldenlandia herbacea (L.) DC.
Synonyms: Oldenlandia herbacea L.

Note: Not known from Peru. ;the Flora of Peru misapplied this name to O.
lancifolia.
Oldenlandia lancifolia (Schumach.) DC.
Oldenlandia lancifolia (Schumach.) DC.
Synonyms: Oldenlandia lancifolia Schumach.

Reference: Terrell, E. E., 1991: 235.
Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, riversides, swamps,
Note: Introduced from the Old World, now pantropical. "Reports of Oldenlandia
herbacea from the Western Hemisphere by Standley (1918) and others were probably
mostly or entirely misidentifications of Oldenlandia lanciofolia" (Terrell, 1991).
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
Oldenlandia lechleriana (Schltdl.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks.
Oldenlandia lechleriana (Schltdl.) Benth. & Hook. f. ex B.D. Jacks. = Arcytophyllum

Oleandra articulata (Sw.) C. Presl
Oleandra articulata (Sw.) C. Presl

Oleandra lehmannii Maxon
Oleandra lehmannii Maxon

Note: The earlier name O. micans may apply to this species.
Oleandra nodosa (Willd.) C. Presl

Oleandra nodosa (Willd.) C. Presl = ?
Oleandra pilosa Hook.
Oleandra pilosa Hook.

Voucher: Vargas 6801 (US)
Oligactis coriacea (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Oligactis coriacea (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Oligactis coriacea Hieron.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui 10180 (F!)
Oligactis fruticosa (Muschl.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Oligactis fruticosa (Muschl.) H. Rob. & Brettell = Ferreyranthus fruticosus

(Muschl.) H. Rob.
Oligactis ochracea (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Oligactis ochracea (Cuatrec.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Synonyms: Oligactis ochracea Cuatrec.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Towsend A-193 (F!)
Oliganthes corei Cuatrec.
Oliganthes corei Cuatrec. = Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.
Reference: FP 1416: 55; Cuatrecasas, J., 1956: 185; Stutts, J. G., 1981: 401.
Oliganthes discolor (Kunth) Sch. Bip.
Oliganthes discolor (Kunth) Sch. Bip. = Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.
Reference: FP 1416: 55; Stutts, J. G., 1981: 400.
Oliganthes ferruginea Gleason
Oliganthes ferruginea Gleason = Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.
Oliganthes jelskii Hieron.
Oliganthes jelskii Hieron.
Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1905: 461.

Note: Species incert. sed., non Pollalesta.
Voucher: Jelski 624* (B)
Oliganthes karstenii Sch. Bip.
Oliganthes karstenii Sch. Bip. = Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.

Oliveriana brevilabia (C. Schweinf.) Dressler & N.H. Williams
Oliveriana brevilabia (C. Schweinf.) Dressler & N.H. Williams
Synonyms: Oliveriana brevilabia C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Olmedia angustifolia Poepp. & Endl.
Olmedia angustifolia Poepp. & Endl. = Perebea angustifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) C.C.
Berg
Olmedia armata Miq.
Olmedia armata Miq. = Poulsenia armata (Miq.) Standl.
Olmedia aspera Ruiz & Pav.
Olmedia aspera Ruiz & Pav. = Trophis caucana (Pittier) C.C. Berg
Reference: FP 1233: 329; Berg, C. C., 1972: 14; Berg, C. C., 1988: 354.
Note: See note under T. caucana.
Olmedia caloneura Huber

Olmedia caloneura Huber = Naucleopsis caloneura (Huber) Ducke

Note: NN
Olmedia calophylla Poepp. & Endl.
Olmedia calophylla Poepp. & Endl. = Maquira calophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) C.C. Berg

Note: Incidental mention in the Flora of Peru.
Olmedia laevis Ruiz & Pav.
Olmedia laevis Ruiz & Pav. = Pseudolmedia laevis (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F. Macbr.
Olmedia mollis Poepp. & Endl.
Olmedia mollis Poepp. & Endl. = Perebea mollis (Poepp. & Endl.) Huber subsp. mollis
Olmedia poeppigiana Klotzsch
Olmedia poeppigiana Klotzsch = Trophis caucana (Pittier) C.C. Berg
Olmedia poeppigiana Mart.

Olmedia poeppigiana Mart. = Helicostylis tomentosa (Poepp. & Endl.) J.F. Macbr.
Olmedia rigida Klotzsch & Karsten
Olmedia rigida Klotzsch & Karsten = Pseudolmedia rigida subsp. rigida
Olmedia tomentosa Poepp. & Endl.
Olmedia tomentosa Poepp. & Endl. = Helicostylis tomentosa (Poepp. & Endl.) J.F.
Macbr.
Olmedia tovarensis Klotzsch & Karsten
Olmedia tovarensis Klotzsch & Karsten = Helicostylis tovarensis (Klotzsch &

Karsten) C.C. Berg
Olmedioperebea calophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) Ducke
Olmedioperebea calophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) Ducke = Maquira calophylla (Poepp. &
Endl.) C.C. Berg
Olmediophaena coriacea (Karsten) Karsten

Olmediophaena coriacea (Karsten) Karsten = Maquira coriacea (Karsten) C.C. Berg
Olsynium acaulis (Klatt) Goldblatt
Olsynium acaulis (Klatt) Goldblatt
Synonyms: Olsynium acaulis Klatt

Reference: Goldblatt, P., P. Rudall & J. E. Henrich, 1990: 508.
Voucher: Stafford 1253 (F!)
Departments: Puno.
Olsynium junceum (E. Mey. ex Presl) Goldblatt
Olsynium junceum (E. Mey. ex Presl) Goldblatt
Synonyms: Olsynium junceum E. Mey. ex Presl, Olsynium junceum Kraenzl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1199: 712; Goldblatt, P., P. Rudall & J. E. Henrich, 1990:
508.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: beach, grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000- > 4500
m.
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Junín, Lima, Moquegua, Puno.
Olyra buchtienii Hack.
Olyra buchtienii Hack.
Reference: Soderstrom, T. R. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1989: 8.

Voucher: Foster & Wachter 7264 (MO!)
Olyra caudata Trin.

Olyra caudata Trin.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-
1500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (LE), Hutchison & Wright 3682 (US!)
Martín, Ucayali.
Olyra cordifolia Kunth
Olyra cordifolia Kunth = Olyra latifolia L.
Reference: FP 719: 246; Soderstrom, T. R. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1989: 27.
Olyra ecaudata Döll
Olyra ecaudata Döll
Reference: Tovar, O., 1986: 53; Soderstrom, T. R. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1989: 14.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m.
Olyra fasciculata Trin.
Olyra fasciculata Trin.
Synonyms: Olyra fasciculata Lindm.

Olyra glaberrima Raddi

Olyra glaberrima Raddi

Departments: Madre de Dios, Pasco.
Olyra heliconia Lindm.
Olyra heliconia Lindm. = Olyra fasciculata Trin.
Olyra juruana Mez
Olyra juruana Mez
Reference: Tovar, O., 1986: 53; Soderstrom, T. R. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1989: 26.
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.
Olyra lateralis (J. Presl ex Nees) Chase
Olyra lateralis (J. Presl ex Nees) Chase = Parodiolyra lateralis (J. Presl ex Nees)
Soderstr. & Zuloaga
Olyra latifolia L.
Olyra latifolia L.
Synonyms: Olyra latifolia Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 246; Soderstrom, T. R. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1989: 27.
1500 m.
Olyra longifolia Kunth
Olyra longifolia Kunth
Synonyms: Olyra longifolia Hochst. ex Steud.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: King 500 (MO!)
Olyra loretensis Mez
Olyra loretensis Mez
Voucher: Ule 6224* (B), Gentry & Revilla 20914 (MO!)
Departments: Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios.
Olyra maranonensis Swallen
Olyra maranonensis Swallen

Voucher: Wurdack 1936* (US!), Foster 8906 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Madre de Dios, Pasco.
Olyra micrantha Kunth

Olyra micrantha Kunth
1000 m.
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios.
Olyra pauciflora Sw.
Olyra pauciflora Sw. = Lithachne pauciflora (Sw.) P. Beauv.
Olyra sarmentosa Döll
Olyra sarmentosa Döll = Parodiolyra lateralis (J. Presl ex Nees) Soderstr. &
Zuloaga
Olyra surinamensis Hochst. ex Steud.
Olyra surinamensis Hochst. ex Steud. = Olyra longifolia Kunth
Olyra sympodica Döll
Olyra sympodica Döll = Piresia sympodica (Döll) Swallen
Ombrophytum microlepis B. Hansen

Ombrophytum microlepis B. Hansen
Reference: Hansen, B. F., 1980: 60.

Ecology: Native parasitic herb. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Ombrophytum peruvianum Poepp. & Endl.
Ombrophytum peruvianum Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Ombrophytum peruvianum Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1247: 429; Hansen, B. F., 1980: 60.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n. illustration
Ombrophytum subterraneum (Aspl.) B. Hansen
Ombrophytum subterraneum (Aspl.) B. Hansen
Synonyms: Ombrophytum subterraneum Aspl.

Ecology: Native parasitic herb. .
Voucher: Foster 3065 (F!)
Ombrophytum ulei Harms
Ombrophytum ulei Harms = Ombrophytum violaceum B. Hansen
Reference: FP 1247: 429; Hansen, B. F., 1980: 58.
Ombrophytum violaceum B. Hansen

Ombrophytum violaceum B. Hansen
Synonyms: Ombrophytum violaceum Harms

Voucher: Wurdack 2360* (US), Mexia 6337A (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios.
Ombrophytum zamioides Wedd.
Ombrophytum zamioides Wedd. = Ombrophytum peruvianum Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: FP 1247: 429; Hansen, B. F., 1980: 62.
Omphalea diandra L.
Omphalea diandra L.

Omphalobium patrisii DC.
Omphalobium patrisii DC. = Connarus patrisii (DC.) Planch.
Reference: FP 640: 1124; Forero, E., 1983: 62.

Note: NN
Onagra fusca Krause
Onagra fusca Krause = Oenothera versicolor Lehm.

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Oncidium acinaceum Lindl.
Oncidium acinaceum Lindl.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Mathews 3186*
Oncidium aemulum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium aemulum Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Oncidium altissimum Lindl.
Oncidium altissimum Lindl. = Oncidium baueri Lindl.
Oncidium ampliatum Lindl.
Oncidium ampliatum Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium ampliatum Kraenzl.

Oncidium andradeanum Dodson & Bennett

Oncidium andradeanum Dodson & Bennett

Voucher: Bennett 3150 (AMES)
Oncidium armillare Lindl.
Oncidium armillare Lindl. = Oncidium auriferum Rchb. f.
Oncidium aureum Lindl.
Oncidium aureum Lindl. = Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Oncidium aureum var. stenochilum Lindl.
Oncidium aureum var. stenochilum Lindl. = Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Oncidium auriferum Rchb. f.
Oncidium auriferum Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Oncidium auriferum Lindl.

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Oncidium aurosum Rchb. f.
Oncidium aurosum Rchb. f. = Oncidium excavatum Lindl.
Oncidium batemanianum Parmentier ex Knowles & Westcott
Oncidium batemanianum Parmentier ex Knowles & Westcott

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Oncidium baueri Lindl.
Oncidium baueri Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium baueri Lindl., Oncidium baueri Schltr.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: rocky slopes. 0-1500 m.
Oncidium bernoullianum Kraenzl.
Oncidium bernoullianum Kraenzl. = Oncidium ampliatum Lindl.

Note: NN
Oncidium bidens (Lindl.) Rchb. f.

Oncidium bidens (Lindl.) Rchb. f. = Brassia bidens Lindl.

Note: NN
Oncidium bolivianum Schltr.
Oncidium bolivianum Schltr. = Oncidium baueri Lindl.
Oncidium bryolophotum Rchb. f.
Oncidium bryolophotum Rchb. f. = Oncidium heteranthum Poepp. & Endl.
Oncidium cajamarcae Schltr.
Oncidium cajamarcae Schltr. = Oncidium foveatum Lindl.
Oncidium calanthum Rchb. f.
Oncidium calanthum Rchb. f.

Oncidium cardiochilum Lindl.

Oncidium cardiochilum Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium cardiochilum (Lindl.) Kraenzl.

Oncidium carinatum Knowles & Westcott
Oncidium carinatum Knowles & Westcott = Leochilus carinatus (Knowles & Westcott)
Lindl.
Oncidium caudatum Rchb. f.
Oncidium caudatum Rchb. f. = Brassia caudata (L.) Lindl.
Oncidium chrysopyramis Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium chrysopyramis Rchb. f. & Warsz. = Oncidium pyramidale Lindl.
Oncidium cimiciferum Rchb. f. ex Lindl.
Oncidium cimiciferum Rchb. f. ex Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium cimiciferum (Kunth) Lindl., Oncidium cimiciferum Kunth, Oncidium

cimiciferum Rchb. f.
$
Oncidium cirrhosum (Lindl.) Beer
Oncidium cirrhosum (Lindl.) Beer = Odontoglossum cirrhosum Lindl.

Note: NN
Oncidium cocciferum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium cocciferum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Synonyms: Oncidium cocciferum (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Kraenzl.

Voucher: Bennett et al. 2119 (AMES)
Departments: Pasco.
Oncidium cochleatum Lindl.
Oncidium cochleatum Lindl. = Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Oncidium convolvulaceum Lindl.
Oncidium convolvulaceum Lindl. = Oncidium globuliferum Kunth
Oncidium cordatum Lindl.
Oncidium cordatum Lindl.

Synonyms: Oncidium cordatum (Lindl.) Kraenzl.
Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Oncidium corynephorum Lindl.
Oncidium corynephorum Lindl. = Oncidium volubile (Poeppig & Endlicher) Cogn.
Oncidium crista-galli Rchb. f.
Oncidium crista-galli Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Oncidium crista-galli (Rchb. f.) Kraenzlin ex Weberbauer, Oncidium

crista-galli Lindl., Oncidium crista-galli Lindl.
Note: Not reconfirmed. According to Dodson (pers. comm.), this taxon is
doubtfully from Peru.
Oncidium cristatum (Lindl.) Beer
Oncidium cristatum (Lindl.) Beer = Odontoglossum cristatum Lindl.
Oncidium cruciferum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium cruciferum Rchb. f. & Warsz.

$
Oncidium cryptocopis Rchb. f.
Oncidium cryptocopis Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Oncidium cryptocopis (Rchb. f.) Kraenzl.

Oncidium cucullatum Lindl.
Oncidium cucullatum Lindl.

Oncidium cucullatum var. nubigenum (Lindl.) Lindl.
Oncidium cucullatum var. nubigenum (Lindl.) Lindl. = Oncidium nubigenum Lindl.
Oncidium davisii Rchb. f.
Oncidium davisii Rchb. f. = Oncidium falcipetalum Lindl.
Oncidium decipiens Lindl.
Oncidium decipiens Lindl. = Oncidium crista-galli Rchb. f.

Oncidium deltoideum Lindl.
Oncidium deltoideum Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium deltoideum (Lindl.) Kraenzl.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* , Hutchison & Bennett 4512 (MO!)
Oncidium diceratum Lindl.
Oncidium diceratum Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium diceratum (Lindl.) Kraenzl.

Oncidium dichromum Rolfe
Oncidium dichromum Rolfe = Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Oncidium diodon Rchb. f.
Oncidium diodon Rchb. f.

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Oncidium discobulbon Kraenzl.
Oncidium discobulbon Kraenzl.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Oncidium elegantulum Rchb. f.
Oncidium elegantulum Rchb. f. = Ada elegantula (Rchb. f.) N.H. Williams
Oncidium epidendroides (Kunth) Beer
Oncidium epidendroides (Kunth) Beer = Odontoglossum epidendroides Kunth
Oncidium euodes (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
Oncidium euodes (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. = Ada elegantula (Rchb. f.) N.H. Williams
Oncidium excavatum Lindl.
Oncidium excavatum Lindl.

Synonyms: Oncidium excavatum B.S. Williams, Oncidium excavatum Rchb. f.
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* , Hutchison 1598 (MO!)
Oncidium excavatum var. dawsonii B.S. Williams
Oncidium excavatum var. dawsonii B.S. Williams = Oncidium excavatum Lindl.
Oncidium falcicorne Rchb. f.
Oncidium falcicorne Rchb. f. = Oncidium pictum Kunth
Oncidium falciferum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium falciferum Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Note: An orthographic error for O. fasciferum
Oncidium falcipetalum Lindl.
Oncidium falcipetalum Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium falcipetalum (Lindl.) Kraenzl., Oncidium falcipetalum Kraenzl.,

Oncidium falcipetalum Rchb. f., Oncidium falcipetalum Rchb. f., Oncidium
falcipetalum Rchb. f. ex Lindl.
$
Oncidium falcipetalum var. pavonii Rchb. f. ex Lindl.
Oncidium falcipetalum var. pavonii Rchb. f. ex Lindl. = Oncidium falcipetalum

Lindl.
Oncidium fasciferum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium fasciferum Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Voucher: Warscewicz 25* (F)
Oncidium festatum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium festatum Rchb. f. & Warsz. = Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Oncidium flexuosum (Kunth) Lindl.
Oncidium flexuosum (Kunth) Lindl. = Oncidium cimiciferum Rchb. f. ex Lindl.
Oncidium formosissimum Rchb. f.
Oncidium formosissimum Rchb. f.

Oncidium foveatum Lindl.
Oncidium foveatum Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium foveatum Schltr.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Warscewicz s.n.* , Weberbauer 4041
Oncidium fuscatum Rchb. f.
Oncidium fuscatum Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Oncidium fuscatum Hort., Oncidium fuscatum Hort., Oncidium fuscatum Rchb.
f.
Oncidium gargantua Rchb. f.
Oncidium gargantua Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Oncidium gargantua (Rchb. f.) Kraenzl.

Voucher: Pearce 835*
Oncidium globuliferum Kunth

Oncidium globuliferum Kunth
Synonyms: Oncidium globuliferum Lindl., Oncidium globuliferum Rchb. f., Oncidium

globuliferum Schltr.
Voucher: Solomon 3177 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Oncidium globuliferum var. costaricense Rchb. f.
Oncidium globuliferum var. costaricense Rchb. f. = Oncidium globuliferum Kunth
Oncidium glossomystax Rchb. f.
Oncidium glossomystax Rchb. f. = Psygmorchis glossomystax (Rchb. f.) Dodson &

Dressler
Reference: FP 1484: 877; Dodson, C. H. & R. L. Dressler, 1972: 288; Dodson, C. H. &
D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 161.
Oncidium gracillimum Rolfe
Oncidium gracillimum Rolfe

Note: Not known from Peru. . Known from Colombia.
Oncidium guttatum (Lindley) Rchb. f.
Oncidium guttatum (Lindley) Rchb. f. = Oncidium luridum Lindl.

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Oncidium hastiferum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium hastiferum Rchb. f. & Warsz. = ?
Oncidium hastilabium (Lindl.) Garay & Dunst.
Oncidium hastilabium (Lindl.) Garay & Dunst.
Synonyms: Oncidium hastilabium Lindl.

Oncidium hemichrysum (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Rchb. f.
Oncidium hemichrysum (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Rchb. f. = Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.)

Rchb. f.
Oncidium heteranthum Poepp. & Endl.
Oncidium heteranthum Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Oncidium heteranthum Cogn. & Rolfe, Oncidium heteranthum Rchb. f.,
Oncidium heteranthum Schltr.
Oncidium hians Lindl.

Oncidium hians Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium hians Hoffmannsegg, Oncidium hians Klotzsch, Oncidium hians

Lemaire
Oncidium hieroglyphicum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium hieroglyphicum Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Oncidium hirundo Rchb. f.
Oncidium hirundo Rchb. f. = Oncidium planilabre Lindl.
Oncidium holochrysum Rchb. f.
Oncidium holochrysum Rchb. f. = Oncidium onustum Lindl.
Oncidium hyphaematicum Rchb. f.
Oncidium hyphaematicum Rchb. f.

Oncidium incarum (Kraenzlin) C. Schweinf.
Oncidium incarum (Kraenzlin) C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Oncidium incarum Kraenzl.

Voucher: von Bismarck 3194 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.
Oncidium inferlobum Hort.
Oncidium inferlobum Hort. = Oncidium superbiens Rchb. f.

Note: NN
Oncidium inouei Hashimoto
Oncidium inouei Hashimoto
Reference: Hashimoto, T., 1990: 23; Dodson, pers. comm..

Voucher: Nakata 5166* (TNS)
Departments: Cuzco.
Oncidium ionodon Rchb. f.
Oncidium ionodon Rchb. f. = Oncidium falcipetalum Lindl.

$
Oncidium ionops Cogn. & Rolfe
Oncidium ionops Cogn. & Rolfe = Oncidium heteranthum Poepp. & Endl.
Oncidium ionopterum Rchb. f.
Oncidium ionopterum Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Oncidium ionopterum (Rchb. f.) Kraenzl.

Ecology. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Wallis s.n.* , Díaz & Osores 2532 (MO!)
Oncidium iridifolium Kunth
Oncidium iridifolium Kunth = Psygmorchis pusilla (L.) Dodson & Dressler
Oncidium iridifolium Lindl.
Oncidium iridifolium Lindl. = Oncidium crista-galli Rchb. f.
Oncidium kienastianum Rchb. f.
Oncidium kienastianum Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Oncidium kienastianum (Rchb. f.) Kraenzl., Oncidium kienastianum Sander,

nom. illeg.
Oncidium lanceanum Lindl.
Oncidium lanceanum Lindl.
Oncidium leopardinum Lindl.
Oncidium leopardinum Lindl.

Voucher: Fol. Orchid. Oncidium 28, no.93*
Oncidium leopoldianum Rolfe
Oncidium leopoldianum Rolfe
Synonyms: Oncidium leopoldianum (Rolfe) Kraenzl.

Oncidium leucostomum Hoffmannsegg
Oncidium leucostomum Hoffmannsegg = Oncidium hians Lindl.

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Oncidium lineoligerum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium lineoligerum Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Oncidium longicuspe (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
Oncidium longicuspe (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. = Ada ocanensis (Lindl.) N.H. Williams
Oncidium lucasianum Rolfe
Oncidium lucasianum Rolfe
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: cloud forests, riversides. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Without collector* , Hutchison 5325-4 (=Bennett 1368 UC)
Oncidium lunatum Lindl.
Oncidium lunatum Lindl. = Solenidium lunatum (Lindl.) Kraenzl.
Oncidium luridum Lindl.
Oncidium luridum Lindl.

Synonyms: Oncidium luridum (Lindley) Rchb. f., Oncidium luridum Lindl.
Oncidium luridum var. guttatum Lindl.
Oncidium luridum var. guttatum Lindl. = Oncidium luridum Lindl.
Oncidium macranthum Lindl.
Oncidium macranthum Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium macranthum (Lindl.) Kraenzl., Oncidium macranthum (Rchb. f. &

Warsz.) C. Schweinf., Oncidium macranthum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Oncidium macranthum var. hastiferum (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) C. Schweinf.
Oncidium macranthum var. hastiferum (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) C. Schweinf. = Oncidium

macranthum Lindl.
Oncidium mathiewanum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium mathiewanum Rchb. f. & Warsz.

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Oncidium maxilligerum Lemaire
Oncidium maxilligerum Lemaire = Oncidium hians Lindl.
Oncidium megalophium (Lindl.) Beer
Oncidium megalophium (Lindl.) Beer = Odontoglossum megalophium Lindl.
Oncidium megalous Schltr.
Oncidium megalous Schltr. = Oncidium heteranthum Poepp. & Endl.
Oncidium meirax Rchb. f.
Oncidium meirax Rchb. f.

Oncidium mentigerum (Reichenbach f. & Warscewicz) Lindl.
Oncidium mentigerum (Reichenbach f. & Warscewicz) Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium mentigerum (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Kraenzl., Oncidium mentigerum

Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium minax Rchb. f.
Oncidium minax Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Oncidium minax (Rchb. f.) Kraenzl.

Voucher: Pearce s.n.*
Oncidium morenoi Dodson & Luer
Oncidium morenoi Dodson & Luer

Oncidium nanum Lindl.
Oncidium nanum Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium nanum Schltr.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-
1000 m.
Martín.
Oncidium nubigenum Lindl.

Oncidium nubigenum Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium nubigenum (Lindl.) Lindl.

Departments: Piura.
Oncidium nudum Bateman
Oncidium nudum Bateman

Oncidium obryzatum Rchb. f.
Oncidium obryzatum Rchb. f.

Voucher: Warscewicz s.n.* , Knapp & Alcorn 7760A (MO!)
Oncidium ocanense (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Oncidium ocanense (Lindl.) Rchb. f. = Ada ocanensis (Lindl.) N.H. Williams
Oncidium ochmatochilum Rchb. f.
Oncidium ochmatochilum Rchb. f.

Oncidium onustum Lindl.
Oncidium onustum Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium onustum Rchb. f.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Coastal: dry valleys. 0-500 m.
Departments: Piura.
Oncidium ovatilabium C. Schweinf.
Oncidium ovatilabium C. Schweinf.

Voucher: Macbride 3844* , Woytkowski 5260 (MO!)
Oncidium papilio Lindl.
Oncidium papilio Lindl. = Psychopsis papilio (Lindl.) H.G. Jones

Note: NN
Oncidium pardothyrsus Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium pardothyrsus Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Oncidium pastorellii Dodson & Bennett
Oncidium pastorellii Dodson & Bennett

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Bennett & Bennett 3522-2* (MO!)
Oncidium patulum Schltr.
Oncidium patulum Schltr. = Oncidium nanum Lindl.
Oncidium pentadactylon Lindl.
Oncidium pentadactylon Lindl.
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: dry valleys. 3000-3500 m.
Oncidium peruvianum (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.
Oncidium peruvianum (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f. = Brassia peruviana Poepp. & Endl.
Reference: FP 1484: 845, 39812: xx.
$
Oncidium pictum Kunth
Oncidium pictum Kunth
Synonyms: Oncidium pictum Rchb. f.

Voucher: Hutchison 4903A (UC)
Oncidium planilabre Lindl.
Oncidium planilabre Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium planilabre Rchb. f.

Oncidium polyadenium Lindl.
Oncidium polyadenium Lindl.

Voucher: Lobb s.n.*
Oncidium pumilio Rchb. f.
Oncidium pumilio Rchb. f. = Psygmorchis pumilio (Rchb. f.) Dodson & Dressler
Oncidium pusillum (L.) Rchb. f.

Oncidium pusillum (L.) Rchb. f. = Psygmorchis pusilla (L.) Dodson & Dressler
Oncidium pyramidale Lindl.
Oncidium pyramidale Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium pyramidale Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Oncidium quadricorne Klotzsch
Oncidium quadricorne Klotzsch = Oncidium hians Lindl.
Oncidium reichenbachii Lindl.
Oncidium reichenbachii Lindl.

Oncidium retusum (Lindl.) Beer
Oncidium retusum (Lindl.) Beer = Odontoglossum retusum Lindl.
$
Oncidium retusum Lindl.
Oncidium retusum Lindl.
Oncidium revolutum (Lindl.) Beer
Oncidium revolutum (Lindl.) Beer = Odontoglossum revolutum Lindl.

Note: NN
Oncidium rigidum (Lindl.) Beer
Oncidium rigidum (Lindl.) Beer = Odontoglossum rigidum Lindl.
Oncidium sanderae Rolfe
Oncidium sanderae Rolfe = Psychopsis sanderae (Rolfe) Lückel & Braem
Reference: FP 1484: 903; Lückel, E. & G. J. Braem, 1982: 6; Dodson, C. H.,

1992: xx.
Oncidium sanderianum Rolfe
Oncidium sanderianum Rolfe = Oncidium serratum Lindl.

$
Oncidium scansor Rchb. f.
Oncidium scansor Rchb. f.

Oncidium schillerianum Rchb. f.
Oncidium schillerianum Rchb. f.

Oncidium serpens Lindl.
Oncidium serpens Lindl.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Oncidium serratum Lindl.
Oncidium serratum Lindl.
Synonyms: Oncidium serratum (Lindl.) Kraenzl., Oncidium serratum Rolfe

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
$
Oncidium sessile Lindl. & Paxton
Oncidium sessile Lindl. & Paxton
Departments: Piura.
Oncidium signatum Rchb. f.
Oncidium signatum Rchb. f. = Brassia signata Rchb. f.
Oncidium spathaceum (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Rchb. f.
Oncidium spathaceum (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Rchb. f. = Ada ocanensis (Lindl.)
N.H. Williams
Oncidium sprucei Lindl.
Oncidium sprucei Lindl.

Oncidium superbiens Rchb. f.

Oncidium superbiens Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Oncidium superbiens (Rchb. f.) Kraenzl., Oncidium superbiens (Rchb. f.)
Kraenzl., Oncidium superbiens Hort., Oncidium superbiens Warner & Williams nom.
illeg.
Note: Not known from Peru. . Known from Colombia and Venezuela.
Oncidium tigratum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium tigratum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Voucher: Warscewicz s.n.* , Bennett 773 (UC)
Oncidium tipuloides Rchb. f.
Oncidium tipuloides Rchb. f.

Oncidium tricostatum (Kraenzl.) Garay
Oncidium tricostatum (Kraenzl.) Garay
Synonyms: Oncidium tricostatum Kraenzl.

Oncidium trilingue Lindl. & Paxton

Oncidium trilingue Lindl. & Paxton
Synonyms: Oncidium trilingue (Lindl. & Paxton) Kraenzl.

Oncidium trilingue Sander, nom. illeg.
Oncidium trilingue Sander, nom. illeg. = Oncidium kienastianum Rchb. f.
Oncidium trilobum (Schltr.) Garay & Stacy
Oncidium trilobum (Schltr.) Garay & Stacy
Synonyms: Oncidium trilobum Schltr.

Reference: Garay, L. A. & J. E. Stacy, 1974: 408; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett
Jr., 1989: 147.
Voucher: Kohler & Kohler s.n.* , Bennett 441 (MO!)
Departments: Junín, Pasco, Ucayali.
Oncidium tripterygium Rchb. f.
Oncidium tripterygium Rchb. f.

Oncidium trulla Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Oncidium trulla Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Synonyms: Oncidium trulla (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Kraenzl.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Piura.
Oncidium undulatum Lindl.
Oncidium undulatum Lindl. = Oncidium ventilabrum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium undulatum Warner & Williams nom. illeg.
Oncidium undulatum Warner & Williams nom. illeg. = Oncidium superbiens Rchb. f.

Note: NN
Oncidium ventilabrum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Oncidium ventilabrum Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Synonyms: Oncidium ventilabrum (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Kraenzl., Oncidium ventilabrum

Kunth, Oncidium ventilabrum Lindl.
Oncidium villosum (Lindley) Rchb. f.
Oncidium villosum (Lindley) Rchb. f. = Brassia villosa Lindl.

$
Oncidium volubile (Poeppig & Endlicher) Cogn.
Oncidium volubile (Poeppig & Endlicher) Cogn.
Synonyms: Oncidium volubile Lindl., Oncidium volubile Poepp. & Endl.

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1636* , Bennett et al. 3706 (MO!)
Oncidium wageneri (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
Oncidium wageneri (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. = Brassia wageneri Rchb. f.
Oncidium weberbauerianum Kraenzl.
Oncidium weberbauerianum Kraenzl. = Otoglossum weberbaueranum (Kraenzlin) Garay &

Dunst.
Oncidium weltonii Hort.
Oncidium weltonii Hort. = Oncidium fuscatum Rchb. f.
Oncidium wercklei Schltr.
Oncidium wercklei Schltr. = Oncidium globuliferum Kunth

Oncidium xanthodon Rchb. f.
Oncidium xanthodon Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Oncidium xanthodon (Rchb. f.) Kraenzl.

Note: Not known from Peru. . Known from Colombia and Ecuador.
Oncidium xanthornis Rchb. f.
Oncidium xanthornis Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Oncidium xanthornis (Rchb. f.) Kraenzl.

Note: Not known from Peru. . Known from Colombia and Ecuador.
Oncidium zebrinum (Reichenbach f.) Rchb. f.
Oncidium zebrinum (Reichenbach f.) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Oncidium zebrinum (Rchb. f.) Kraenzl., Oncidium zebrinum Rchb. f.

Oncoba maynensis (Poepp.) Eichler
Oncoba maynensis (Poepp.) Eichler = Lindackeria paludosa (Benth.) Gilg
$
Oncorhynchus pinnatifidus Lehm.
Oncorhynchus pinnatifidus Lehm. = Castilleja laciniata Hook. & Arn.
Reference: FP 1361: 695; Chuang, T. I. & L. R. Heckard, 1991: 657.
Oncorhynchus tenellus Fischer & E. Meyer
Oncorhynchus tenellus Fischer & E. Meyer = Castilleja laciniata Hook. & Arn.
Reference: FP 1361: 695; Chuang, T. I. & L. R. Heckard, 1991: 657.
Oncostylis arenaria Nees
Oncostylis arenaria Nees = Bulbostylis juncoides var. juncoides
Reference: FP 735: 283; Kral, R., 1971: 93.
Oncostylis fimbriatus Nees
Oncostylis fimbriatus Nees = Bulbostylis barbata (Rottb.) C.B. Clarke
Oncostylis tenuifolia (Rudge) Nees
Oncostylis tenuifolia (Rudge) Nees = Bulbostylis tenuifolia (Rudge) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: FP 735: 285; Kral, R., 1971: 99.
Onoseris acerifolia Kunth

Onoseris acerifolia Kunth

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: shrublands. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P photo F!), Ferreyra 14417 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, La Libertad, Pasco.
Onoseris albicans (D. Don) Ferreyra
Onoseris albicans (D. Don) Ferreyra
Synonyms: Onoseris albicans D. Don, Onoseris albicans Less.

Ecology. 1000-3500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (P), Goodspeed et al. 11524 (F!)
Junín, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Lima, Pasco, Piura.
Onoseris altissima (Poeppig) Kuntze
Onoseris altissima (Poeppig) Kuntze = Lycoseris trinervis (Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don)
S.F. Blake
Onoseris amplexicaulis Ferreyra
Onoseris amplexicaulis Ferreyra

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 310* (F!), Rose & Rose 18668 (US)
Departments: Lima.
Onoseris annua Less.
Onoseris annua Less.

Ecology. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P photo F!), Ferreyra & Cerrate 5670 (USM)
Onoseris cabrerae Ferreyra
Onoseris cabrerae Ferreyra

Ecology. 1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra & Acleto 15339* (USM), Hutchison & Wright 5448 (USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Cuzco, Huancavelica, La Libertad.
Onoseris castelnaeana Wedd.
Onoseris castelnaeana Wedd.
Synonyms: Onoseris castelnaeana (Wedd.) Kuntze

Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1944: 381; Harling, G., 1991: 37.
Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Castelnau s.n.* (P photo F!), Gentry et al. 23341 (MO!)
Onoseris chrysactinioides Sagast. & Dillon
Onoseris chrysactinioides Sagast. & Dillon
Reference: Sagástegui-Alva, A. & M. O. Dillon, 1985: 8.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui et al. 10839* (HUT, MO!), Sagástegui et al. 14018
(F)
Onoseris cummingii Hook. & Arn.

Onoseris cummingii Hook. & Arn.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: desert. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Cuming 995* (P photo F!), Haught 30 (US)
Departments: Piura.
Onoseris discolor Muschl.
Onoseris discolor Muschl. = Pseudonoseris discolor (Muschl.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Onoseris gnaphalioides Muschl.
Onoseris gnaphalioides Muschl.
Synonyms: Onoseris gnaphalioides Wedd.

Ecology. 1500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3012* (photo G), Hutchison 1495 (USM)
Huancavelica, La Libertad, Piura.
Onoseris hieracioides Kunth
Onoseris hieracioides Kunth = Gerbera hieracioides (Kunth) Zardini
Onoseris humboldtiana Ferreyra
Onoseris humboldtiana Ferreyra

Departments: Ica.
Onoseris hyssopifolia var. teretifolia Wedd.
Onoseris hyssopifolia var. teretifolia Wedd. = Onoseris gnaphalioides Muschl.
Onoseris integrifolia Less.
Onoseris integrifolia Less. = Onoseris albicans (D. Don) Ferreyra
Onoseris linearifolia Sagást.
Onoseris linearifolia Sagást.
Reference: Sagástegui-Alva, A., 1985: 415.

Voucher: Sagástegui et al. 11264* (HUT, F), Dillon et al. 2857 (F!)
Onoseris longipedicellata Muschl.
Onoseris longipedicellata Muschl. = Onoseris odorata (D. Don) Hook. & Arn.
$
Onoseris lopezii Ferreyra
Onoseris lopezii Ferreyra

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: López 439* (HUT), Ferreyra 15001 (MO)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, La Libertad.
Onoseris macbridei Ferreyra
Onoseris macbridei Ferreyra

Ecology. 1500-3000 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 846* (USM), Ferreyra & Acleto 15379 (USM)
Onoseris minima Domke
Onoseris minima Domke

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Stafford s.n.* (K), Weberbauer 7440 (F!)
Departments: Arequipa, Moquegua.
Onoseris odorata (D. Don) Hook. & Arn.
Onoseris odorata (D. Don) Hook. & Arn.
Synonyms: Onoseris odorata (Hook.) Less., Onoseris odorata D. Don, Onoseris odorata
Hook., Onoseris odorata Muschl., Onoseris odorata Muschl.
Ecology. 0-4000 m.
Voucher: Mathews 569* (G), Pennell 14468 (F)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad,
Tumbes.
Onoseris parva Muschl.
Onoseris parva Muschl. = Onoseris odorata (D. Don) Hook. & Arn.
Onoseris peruviana Ferreyra
Onoseris peruviana Ferreyra

Voucher: Macbride 5425* (F!), Killip & Smith 24937 (US)
Onoseris reflexa (Hook.) Less.
Onoseris reflexa (Hook.) Less. = Onoseris odorata (D. Don) Hook. & Arn.
Onoseris speciosa Kunth
Onoseris speciosa Kunth
Synonyms: Onoseris speciosa (Kunth) Kuntze, Onoseris speciosa Hieron.

Reference: Ferreyra, R., 1944: 376; Harling, G., 1991: 38.
Ecology. 1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 14442 (USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Piura.
$
Onoseris stuebelii Hieron.
Onoseris stuebelii Hieron. = Onoseris speciosa Kunth
Onoseris weberbaueri Ferreyra
Onoseris weberbaueri Ferreyra

Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Onychopetalum krukoffii R.E. Fr.
Onychopetalum krukoffii R.E. Fr.

Voucher: Smith & Shuhler 168 (NY!)
Operculina alata (Ham.) Urb.
Operculina alata (Ham.) Urb. = Operculina hamiltonii (G. Don) D.F. Austin & Staples
Reference: FP 1344: 480; Austin, D. F., 1983: 487.
Operculina alatipes (Hook. f.) House
Operculina alatipes (Hook. f.) House = Operculina pteripes (Don) O'Donell

$
Operculina codonantha (Benth.) Hallier f.
Operculina codonantha (Benth.) Hallier f.
Synonyms: Operculina codonantha Benth.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: riversides, swamps. 0-500 m.
Operculina hamiltonii (G. Don) D.F. Austin & Staples
Operculina hamiltonii (G. Don) D.F. Austin & Staples
Synonyms: Operculina hamiltonii (Ham.) Urb., Operculina hamiltonii Ham., Operculina

hamiltonii Mart. ex Choisy in A. DC.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m.
Operculina pteripes (Don) O'Donell
Operculina pteripes (Don) O'Donell
Synonyms: Operculina pteripes (Hook. f.) House, Operculina pteripes Don, Operculina
pteripes Hook. f., Operculina pteripes Meisn.
Operculina pteropus Meisn.
Operculina pteropus Meisn. = Operculina pteripes (Don) O'Donell

$
Operculina triquetra (M. Vahl) J.F. Macbr.
Operculina triquetra (M. Vahl) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Operculina triquetra (M. Vahl) G. Rob., Operculina triquetra (M. Vahl)
Roem. & Schult., Operculina triquetra Vahl
Ophiocaryon heterophyllum (Benth.) Urb.
Ophiocaryon heterophyllum (Benth.) Urb.
Synonyms: Ophiocaryon heterophyllum Benth.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand, seasonally inundated areas,
Voucher: Gentry et al. G39247 (MO!)
Ophiocaryon klugii Barneby
Ophiocaryon klugii Barneby

Voucher: Klug 2706* (MO!), Vásquez & Jaramillo 8111 (MO!)
Ophiocaryon manausense (W.A. Rodrigues) Barneby
Ophiocaryon manausense (W.A. Rodrigues) Barneby
Synonyms: Ophiocaryon manausense W.A. Rodrigues

Ophioglossum coriaceum A. Cunn.
Ophioglossum coriaceum A. Cunn. = ?
Ophioglossum crotalophoroides Walter
Ophioglossum crotalophoroides Walter

Departments: Apurímac, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lima.
Ophioglossum lusitanicum subsp.coriaceum (A. Cunn.) R.T. Clausen
Ophioglossum lusitanicum subsp. coriaceum (A. Cunn.) R.T. Clausen

Voucher: Coronado & Velarde 16 (US)
Departments: Lima.
Ophioglossum nudicaule var.tenerum (Mett.) R.T. Clausen
Ophioglossum nudicaule var. tenerum (Mett.) R.T. Clausen

Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lima.
Ophioglossum palmatum L.
Ophioglossum palmatum L.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Region uncertain: emergent. 1000-2000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco.
Ophioglossum peruvianum Presl
Ophioglossum peruvianum Presl = ?
Ophioglossum petiolatum Hook.
Ophioglossum petiolatum Hook. = ?
Ophioglossum reticulatum L.
Ophioglossum reticulatum L.

Voucher: Smith & Brack 3065 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Lima, La Libertad, Madre
de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
$
Ophioglossum scariosum R.T. Clausen
Ophioglossum scariosum R.T. Clausen

Ecology: Native tree. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Bishop 1994 (US)
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Puno.
Ophioglossum tenerum Mett.
Ophioglossum tenerum Mett. = ?
Ophioglossum ypanemense Mart.
Ophioglossum ypanemense Mart. = ?
Ophiomeris panamensis Standl.
Ophiomeris panamensis Standl. = Thismia panamensis (Standl.) Jonker

& T. Bübsamen, 1986: 156.
Ophiorrhiza mitreola L.
Ophiorrhiza mitreola L. = Mitreola petiolata (J.F. Gmel.) Torr. & A. Gray

$
Ophryosporus anomalus R.M. King & H. Rob.
Ophryosporus anomalus R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Ophryosporus anomalus B. Robinson

Voucher: Cuming 953* (GH!, US!)
Departments: Tacna.
Ophryosporus apricus B. Robinson
Ophryosporus apricus B. Robinson

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Ophryosporus bipinnatifidus B. Robinson
Ophryosporus bipinnatifidus B. Robinson

Voucher: Rose & Rose 18805* (US!)
Ophryosporus chilca (Kunth) Hieron.
Ophryosporus chilca (Kunth) Hieron.
Synonyms: Ophryosporus chilca Kunth

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-B&H), Smith et al. 11690 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, La
Libertad, Pasco.
Ophryosporus eleutherantherus (Rusby) B. Robinson
Ophryosporus eleutherantherus (Rusby) B. Robinson
Synonyms: Ophryosporus eleutherantherus Rusby

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Ophryosporus floribundus (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Ophryosporus floribundus (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Ophryosporus floribundus DC.

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Macbride & Featherstone 767 (F!)
Departments: Lima.
Ophryosporus galioides (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Ophryosporus galioides (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Ophryosporus galioides DC.

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 500-2000 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Sagástegui 12457 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad.
Ophryosporus hartwegii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.

Ophryosporus hartwegii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Ophryosporus hartwegii B. Robinson

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I, Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-1000 m.
Note: Piqueria hartwegii is based on P. artemisioides Bentham (non H.B.K.).
Voucher: Hartweg 762* (K), Sagástegui 11334 (F!)
Ophryosporus heptanthus (Schultz-Bip. ex Wedd.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Ophryosporus heptanthus (Schultz-Bip. ex Wedd.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Ophryosporus heptanthus (Meyen & Walp.) Hieron., Ophryosporus heptanthus

Cuatrec., Ophryosporus heptanthus Meyen & Walp., Ophryosporus heptanthus Schultz-
Bip. ex Wedd.
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2000-4000 m.
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua,
Puno.
Ophryosporus hoppii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Ophryosporus hoppii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Ophryosporus hoppii B. Robinson

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Hopp 28* (B photo GH), Dillon & Dillon 3926 (F!)
Ophryosporus macbridei B. Robinson
Ophryosporus macbridei B. Robinson

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Ancash, Huánuco.
Ophryosporus mathewsii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Ophryosporus mathewsii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Ophryosporus mathewsii B. Robinson

Ophryosporus origanoides (Meyen & Walp.) Hieron.
Ophryosporus origanoides (Meyen & Walp.) Hieron. = Ophryosporus heptanthus

(Schultz-Bip. ex Wedd.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Ophryosporus ovatus B. Robinson
Ophryosporus ovatus B. Robinson

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Mathews 1370* (K), Llatas 1199 (F!)
Ophryosporus peruvianus (J. Gmel.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Ophryosporus peruvianus (J. Gmel.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Ophryosporus peruvianus (J. Gmel.) B.L. Rob., Ophryosporus peruvianus J.

Gmel.
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: desert, disturbed areas,
Voucher: Dillon 2500 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica,
Ica, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.
Ophryosporus pinifolius (Phil.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Ophryosporus pinifolius (Phil.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Ophryosporus pinifolius (Phil.) Hieron. ex B.L. Rob., Ophryosporus

pinifolius Phil.
Ecology. 1000-3000 m.
Departments: Huancavelica, Lima, Tacna.
Ophryosporus piquerioides (DC.) Benth. ex Baker
Ophryosporus piquerioides (DC.) Benth. ex Baker
Synonyms: Ophryosporus piquerioides DC.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, shrublands. 1000-3500 m.
Voucher: Smith 2469 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Junín, La Libertad, Puno.
Ophryosporus pubescens (Smith ) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Ophryosporus pubescens (Smith ) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Ophryosporus pubescens Smith

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Collector unknown s.n.* (Linn), Worth & Morrison 15702 (F!)
Ophryosporus sodiroi Hieron.

Ophryosporus sodiroi Hieron.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra & Chanco 20436 (US!)
Ophrys ciliata Kunth
Ophrys ciliata Kunth = Cranichis ciliata (Kunth) Kunth
Reference: FP 1438: 112; Garay, L. A., 1978: 191; Dodson, pers. comm..
Ophrys ensifolia Pavon ex Ridley
Ophrys ensifolia Pavon ex Ridley = Malaxis fastigiata (Rchb. f.) Kuntze
Ophrys monophyllos Pavon ex Lindl.
Ophrys monophyllos Pavon ex Lindl. = Malaxis carnosa (Kunth) C. Schweinf.
Ophrys nervosa Thunb.
Ophrys nervosa Thunb. = Liparis nervosa (Thunb.) Lindl.
Ophrys paleacea Kunth

Ophrys paleacea Kunth = Aa paleacea (Kunth) Rchb. f.
Ophrys parviflora C. Presl
Ophrys parviflora C. Presl = Cranichis fertilis (Lehmann & Kraenzlin) Schltr.
Reference: FP 1510: 5; Garay, L. A., 1978: 196; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr.,
1989: 35.
Ophrys pubescens C. Presl
Ophrys pubescens C. Presl = Ponthieva pubescens (C. Presl) C. Schweinf.
Oplismenus affinis var. humboldtianus U. Scholz
Oplismenus affinis var. humboldtianus U. Scholz = Oplismenus burmannii P. Beauv.

var. burmannii
Reference: Scholz, U., 1981: 55.
Oplismenus burmannii (Retz.) P. Beauv.
Oplismenus burmannii (Retz.) P. Beauv.
Oplismenus burmannii P. Beauv. var.burmannii
Oplismenus burmannii P. Beauv. var. burmannii

Synonyms: Oplismenus burmannii burmannii Retz., Oplismenus burmannii var. burmannii
U. Scholz
Reference: Scholz, U., 1981: 55; McVaugh, R., 1983: 271.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests. 0-
1500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Lambayeque, Piura, Tumbes.
Oplismenus compositus (L.) P. Beauv.
Oplismenus compositus (L.) P. Beauv.
Oplismenus compositus var.rariflorus (J. Presl) U. Scholz
Oplismenus compositus var. rariflorus (J. Presl) U. Scholz
Synonyms: Oplismenus compositus rariflorus Haenke ex Steud., Oplismenus compositus

rariflorus J. Presl
Note: Only known to Peru from the type locality of O. latifolius.
Voucher: Haenke s.n. (PR)
Oplismenus crus-pavonis Kunth
Oplismenus crus-pavonis Kunth = Echinochloa crus-pavonis (Kunth) Schult.
Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P. Beauv.
Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P. Beauv.
Synonyms: Oplismenus hirtellus L., Oplismenus hirtellus U. Scholz

Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto,
Oplismenus hirtellus subsp. fasciculatus U. Scholz
Oplismenus hirtellus subsp. fasciculatus U. Scholz = Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P.

Beauv.
Reference: Scholz, U., 1981: 118; Davidse, pers. comm..
Oplismenus latifolius Haenke ex Steud.
Oplismenus latifolius Haenke ex Steud. = Oplismenus compositus var. rariflorus (J.

Presl) U. Scholz
Oplismenus minarum Nees
Oplismenus minarum Nees = Echinolaena minarum (Nees) Pilg.
Reference: FP 719: 230; Stieber, M. T., 1987: 215.
Oplismenus polystachyus Kunth
Oplismenus polystachyus Kunth = Echinochloa polystachya (Kunth) Hitchc. var.

polystachya
Reference: FP 719: 237; Martínez C., R., 1942: 318.
Oplismenus rariflorus J. Presl
Oplismenus rariflorus J. Presl = Oplismenus compositus var. rariflorus (J. Presl)

U. Scholz
Reference: FP 719: 236; Scholz, U., 1981: 96.
Oplismenus secundus J. Presl
Oplismenus secundus J. Presl = Echinolaena minarum (Nees) Pilg.
Oplismenus tenuis J. Presl
Oplismenus tenuis J. Presl = Ichnanthus tenuis (J. Presl) Hitchc. & Chase
Oplonia grandiflora (Lindau) Stearn
Oplonia grandiflora (Lindau) Stearn
Synonyms: Oplonia grandiflora Lindau

Reference: Stearn, W. T., 1971: 299.
Voucher: Ule 6493* (HBG)
Oplonia hutchisonii Wassh.
Oplonia hutchisonii Wassh.
Reference: Wasshausen, D. C., 1976: 444.

Voucher: Hutchison 1559A* (US!)
$
Oplotheca tomentosa Mart.
Oplotheca tomentosa Mart. = Froelichia interrupta (L.) Moq.
Reference: FP 1255: 489; Eliasson, U., 1987: 50.
Opuntia blancii (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia blancii (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Synonyms: Opuntia blancii Backeb.

Reference: Rowley, G. D., 1958: 5; Ritter, F., 1981: 1248; Hunt, D., 1992: 102.
Ecology: Endemic Clump-forming cactus. Andean III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 3500-
4000 m.
Voucher: Blanc s.n.[in 1953]*
Opuntia bradleyi G.D. Rowley
Opuntia bradleyi G.D. Rowley = Opuntia cylindrica (Lam.) DC.
Reference: Rowley, G. D., 1958: 4; Hunt, D., 1992: 102.
Opuntia brasiliensis (Willd.) Haw.
Opuntia brasiliensis (Willd.) Haw.
Synonyms: Opuntia brasiliensis (A. Berger) Willd., Opuntia brasiliensis (Willd.) A.

Berger
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 209; Hunt, D., 1992: 102.
Ecology: Native Erect, branched cactus. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas,
forests. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, San Martín.
$
Opuntia campestris Britton & Rose
Opuntia campestris Britton & Rose = Opuntia sphaerica Foerster
Opuntia corotilla Schumann ex Vaupel
Opuntia corotilla Schumann ex Vaupel
Synonyms: Opuntia corotilla (Backeb.) F. Ritter, Opuntia corotilla (Britton & Rose)
Backeb., Opuntia corotilla (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia corotilla
(Schumann ex Vaupel) Backeb., Opuntia corotilla Britton & Rose, Opuntia corotilla
Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 28; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 96; Ritter, F.,
1980: 885.
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean II: dry valleys. 3000-3500 m.
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). Treated as a synonym under O.
sphaerica by Britton & Rose (1919); Ritter (1980b) treated it under Cumulopuntia
berteri.
Opuntia corotilla var. aurantiaciflora (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia corotilla var. aurantiaciflora (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia
corotilla Schumann ex Vaupel
Reference: Rowley, G. D., 1958: 5.

Note: Treated as an accepted taxon by Rowley (1985a).
Opuntia crassicylindrica (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia crassicylindrica (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Synonyms: Opuntia crassicylindrica (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter, Opuntia

crassicylindrica Rauh & Backeb.
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean I, Coastal: dry valleys, rocky slopes.
500-1500 m.
Voucher: Rauh K152 [1956]* (ZSS)
Opuntia crispicrinita (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia crispicrinita (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck
Opuntia crispicrinita var. cylindracea (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia crispicrinita var. cylindracea (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia
floccosa Salm-Dyck
Opuntia cylindrica (Lam.) DC.
Opuntia cylindrica (Lam.) DC.
Synonyms: Opuntia cylindrica (Lam.) Backeb., Opuntia cylindrica (Lam.) F.M. Knuth,
Opuntia cylindrica (Lam.) Haw., Opuntia cylindrica (Rauh & Backeb.) Rauh & Backeb.,
Opuntia cylindrica G.D. Rowley, Opuntia cylindrica Lam., Opuntia cylindrica Rauh &
Backeb.
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 77; Rauh, W., 1958: 193; Hunt, D.,
1992: 103.
Ecology: Native Terrestrial, scandent cactus. Andean I: dry valleys, shrublands.
1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Cultivated at "Jardin du Roi" [Paris]* (P), Rauh K111 [1954] (U)
Departments: Piura.
Opuntia cylindrolanata (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia cylindrolanata (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck

$
Opuntia dactylifera Vaupel
Opuntia dactylifera Vaupel
Synonyms: Opuntia dactylifera (Backeb. & H. Jacobsen) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia

dactylifera (Vaupel) Backeb., Opuntia dactylifera (Vaupel) F. Ritter, Opuntia
dactylifera Backeb. & H. Jacobsen
Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 29; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 97; Hunt, D.,
1992: 103.
Ecology: Native Sprawling cactus. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500-4000 m.
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). Treated as a synonym under O.
pentlandii by Britton & Rose (1919).
Departments: Puno.
Opuntia dimorpha Foerster
Opuntia dimorpha Foerster = Opuntia sphaerica Foerster
Opuntia exaltata A. Berger
Opuntia exaltata A. Berger = Opuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.) Engelm.
Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) J.S. Mill.
Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) J.S. Mill.
Synonyms: Opuntia ficus-indica L.

Ecology: Cultivated Erect, branched cactus. .
Note: Widly cultivated.
Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck
Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck
Synonyms: Opuntia floccosa (Backeb.) F. Ritter, Opuntia floccosa (Backeb.) G.D.

Rowley, Opuntia floccosa (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia floccosa (Rauh & Backeb.)
G.D. Rowley, Opuntia floccosa (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia floccosa (Rauh
& Backeb.) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia floccosa (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia
floccosa (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia floccosa (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D.
Rowley, Opuntia floccosa (Rauh & Backeb.) Rauh & Backeb., Opuntia floccosa (Salm-
Dyck) Backeb., Opuntia floccosa (Salm-Dyck) F. Ritter, Opuntia floccosa (Weingart)
Backeb., Opuntia floccosa (Weingart) Backeb., Opuntia floccosa (Werdermann &
Backeberg) Backeb., Opuntia floccosa Backeb., Opuntia floccosa Backeb., Opuntia
floccosa F. Ritter, Opuntia floccosa F. Ritter, Opuntia floccosa Rauh & Backeb.,
Opuntia floccosa Rauh & Backeb., Opuntia floccosa Rauh & Backeb., Opuntia floccosa
Rauh & Backeb., Opuntia floccosa Rauh & Backeb., Opuntia floccosa Rauh & Backeb.,
Rauh & Backeb., Opuntia floccosa Rauh & Backeb., Opuntia floccosa Rauh & Backeb.,
Weingart, Opuntia floccosa Weingart
1992: 104.
Ecology: Native Clump-forming cactus. Andean II-III: dry valleys, rocky slopes,
shrublands. 3000- > 4500 m.
Note: Treated under Austrocylindropuntia by Ritter (1981).
Voucher: Hutchison 1251 (US)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Junín, Lima, La Libertad.
Opuntia floccosa var. crassior (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia floccosa var. crassior (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck
Opuntia floccosa var. ovoides (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia floccosa var. ovoides (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia floccosa Salm-
Dyck

$
Opuntia fulvicoma (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia fulvicoma (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Synonyms: Opuntia fulvicoma (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia fulvicoma (Rauh &
Backeb.) Rauh, Opuntia fulvicoma Rauh & Backeb., Opuntia fulvicoma Rauh & Backeb.
Ecology: Endemic Cushion cactus. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m.

Voucher: Rauh K122 [1956]* (ZSS), Rauh K114 [1956] (ZSS)
Opuntia fulvicoma var. bicolor (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia fulvicoma var. bicolor (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia fulvicoma
(Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia hirschii (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia hirschii (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Synonyms: Opuntia hirschii Backeb.

Ecology: Endemic Clump-forming cactus. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500-4000 m.
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). Mentioned briefly in discussion of
Austrocylindropuntia by Ritter (1981).
Opuntia ignescens Vaupel
Opuntia ignescens Vaupel

Synonyms: Opuntia ignescens (Vaupel) Backeb., Opuntia ignescens (Vaupel) F. Ritter
Reference: Vaupel, F., 1913: 30; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 98; Ritter, F.,
1980: 880.
Ecology: Native Clump-forming cactus. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3500-
4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1370* (B), Rose & Rose 18970 (US)
Opuntia ignota Britton & Rose
Opuntia ignota Britton & Rose = Opuntia corotilla Schumann ex Vaupel
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 99; Backeberg, C. & F. M. Knuth,

1935: 111; Ritter, F., 1981: 1250.
Opuntia inaequilaterlis A. Berger
Opuntia inaequilaterlis A. Berger
Synonyms: Opuntia inaequilaterlis (A. Berger) F. Ritter, Opuntia inaequilaterlis F.

Ritter
Reference: Berger, A., 1905: 453; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 188; Hunt, D.,
1992: 105.
Ecology: Native Sprawling cactus. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes,
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). Described from cultivated specimens
grown at La Mortola, Italy (Britton & Rose, 1919).
Voucher: Ritter 1322a (U)
Opuntia kuehnrichiana var. applanata Werdermann & Backeberg
Opuntia kuehnrichiana var. applanata Werdermann & Backeberg = Opuntia sphaerica

Foerster
Opuntia kuehnrichiana Werdermann & Backeberg

Opuntia kuehnrichiana Werdermann & Backeberg = Opuntia sphaerica Foerster
Reference: Backeberg, C. & F. M. Knuth, 1935: 110; Hunt, D., 1992: 105.
Opuntia lagopus K. Schum.
Opuntia lagopus K. Schum.
Synonyms: Opuntia lagopus (K. Schum.) F. Ritter, Opuntia lagopus (K. Schum.) F.
Ritter, Opuntia lagopus (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia lagopus (Rauh &
Backeb.) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia lagopus (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia lagopus
(Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia lagopus (Rausch) F. Ritter, Opuntia lagopus
(Schumann) Backeb., Opuntia lagopus Rauh & Backeb., Opuntia lagopus Rauh & Backeb.,
Opuntia lagopus Rauh & Backeb., Opuntia lagopus Rauh & Backeb., Opuntia lagopus
Rausch
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 87; Rowley, G. D., 1958: 5-6; Ritter,
F., 1981: 1242.
Ecology: Native Clump-forming cactus. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes.
3000- > 4500 m.
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). Treated under Austrocylindropuntia by
Ritter (1981). Accepted by Rowley (1958a) with five varieties: lagopus, aurea,
aureo-penicillata, leucolagopus, and pachyclada.
Voucher: Ritter 152 (U)
Departments: Apurímac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Lima, Puno.
Opuntia lagopus var. aurea (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia lagopus var. aurea (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia lagopus K. Schum.
Opuntia lagopus var. aureo-penicillata (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia lagopus var. aureo-penicillata (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia
lagopus K. Schum.
$
Opuntia lagopus var. leucolagopus (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia lagopus var. leucolagopus (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia lagopus K.
Schum.
Opuntia lagopus var. pachyclada (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia lagopus var. pachyclada (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia lagopus K.
Schum.
Opuntia macbridei Britton & Rose
Opuntia macbridei Britton & Rose = Opuntia quitensis A. Weber
1981: 1255.
Opuntia macbridei var. orbicularis Rauh & Backeb.
Opuntia macbridei var. orbicularis Rauh & Backeb. = Opuntia quitensis A. Weber
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1255; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 55.
Opuntia mira (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia mira (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia sphaerica Foerster
$
Opuntia mistiensis (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia mistiensis (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Synonyms: Opuntia mistiensis Backeb.

Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 3500-4000
m.
Voucher: Backeberg s.n.*
Opuntia noodtiae (Backeb. & H. Jacobsen) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia noodtiae (Backeb. & H. Jacobsen) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia dactylifera Vaupel
Opuntia pachypus K. Schum.
Opuntia pachypus K. Schum.
Synonyms: Opuntia pachypus (K. Schum.) Backeb., Opuntia pachypus (Schumann) Backeb.
1992: 107.
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Coastal: desert, rocky slopes. 0-500 m.
Note: Treated under Austrocylindropuntia by Ritter (1981).
Voucher: Weberbauer s.n.* (B), Ritter 172 (U)
Opuntia pallida Rose
Opuntia pallida Rose = Opuntia rosea DC.
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1958: 197.
Opuntia pascoensis Britton & Rose

Opuntia pascoensis Britton & Rose = Opuntia pubescens Wendland ex Pfeiffer
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 101; Rauh, W., 1958: 226; Madsen, J.
E., 1989: 53.
Opuntia pentlandii Salm-Dyck
Opuntia pentlandii Salm-Dyck
Synonyms: Opuntia pentlandii (Salm-Dyck) Backeb., Opuntia pentlandii (Salm-Dyck) F.

Ritter
Ecology: Native Cushion cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Rose 19089 (US)
Departments: Puno.
Opuntia pestifer Britton & Rose
Opuntia pestifer Britton & Rose = Opuntia pubescens Wendland ex Pfeiffer
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 217; Rauh, W., 1958: 227; Madsen, J.
E., 1989: 53.
Note: Name based on Cactus nanus H.B.K., non O. nanus Visiani.
Opuntia phyllanthus (L.) J.S. Mill.
Opuntia phyllanthus (L.) J.S. Mill. = Epiphyllum phyllanthus (L.) Haw. var.
phyllanthus
Reference: Kimnach, M., 1964: 113; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 31.
Opuntia pseudo-udonis (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia pseudo-udonis (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck

$
Opuntia pubescens Wendland ex Pfeiffer
Opuntia pubescens Wendland ex Pfeiffer
Synonyms: Opuntia pubescens (Kunth) DC., Opuntia pubescens (Kunth) F. Ritter,

Opuntia pubescens (Wendland ex Pfeiffer) Lem., Opuntia pubescens Britton & Rose,
Opuntia pubescens Britton & Rose, Opuntia pubescens Kunth
D., 1992: 107.
Ecology: Native Sprawling cactus. Andean I-II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 1000-2500
m.
Note: Not listed by Hunt for Peru, although O. pascoensis and Platyopuntia nana are
cited as synonyms of O. pubescens (Hunt 1992: 107, 119).
Departments: Lima, Pasco, Piura.
Opuntia punta-caillan (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia punta-caillan (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Synonyms: Opuntia punta-caillan Rauh & Backeb.

Ecology: Endemic Clump-forming cactus. Andean III: rocky slopes. 4000-4500 m.
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). Mentioned briefly in discussion on
Austrocylindropuntia by Ritter (1981).
Opuntia pyrrhacantha K. Schum.
Opuntia pyrrhacantha K. Schum.
Synonyms: Opuntia pyrrhacantha (K. Schum.) Backeb., Opuntia pyrrhacantha (K.

Schum.) F. Ritter
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 4000-4500
m.
Note: From border area with Chile. Treated as a synonym under O. pentlandii by
Britton & Rose (1919).
Voucher: Syntypes Stuebel 98c* & 111b* (B)
Departments: Tacna.
Opuntia quitensis A. Weber
Opuntia quitensis A. Weber
Synonyms: Opuntia quitensis (A. Weber) F. Ritter, Opuntia quitensis Britton & Rose,
Opuntia quitensis Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 154; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 55; Ritter,
F., 1981: 1255.
Ecology: Native Sprawling cactus. Andean I-II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 1000-2500
m.
Note: Treated under Platyopuntia by Ritter (1981).
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 2365 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Huánuco, Lambayeque.
Opuntia rauhii (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia rauhii (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck
Opuntia rauppiana K. Schum.
Opuntia rauppiana K. Schum. = Opuntia sphaerica Foerster
Opuntia rosea DC.
Opuntia rosea DC.
Synonyms: Opuntia rosea (DC.) Backeb., Opuntia rosea (Rose) F.M. Knuth, Opuntia
rosea Rose
Ecology: Introduced Sprawling cactus. .
Note: Listed as a synonym of O. imbricata by Britton & Rose (1919). No Peru
voucher seen although recorded for the country by Hunt (1992).
Opuntia soehrensii Britton & Rose
Opuntia soehrensii Britton & Rose
Synonyms: Opuntia soehrensii (Britton & Rose) F. Ritter

Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 134; Rauh, W., 1958: 227; Navarro, G.
& A. Galán de Mera, 1991: 112.
Ecology: Native Sprawling cactus. Andean III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 3500-
4000 m.
Voucher: Rose & Rose 18967* (US), Rauh K154 [1956] (ZSS)
Opuntia sphaerica Foerster
Opuntia sphaerica Foerster
Synonyms: Opuntia sphaerica (Britton & Rose) Backeb., Opuntia sphaerica (Foerster)
Backeb., Opuntia sphaerica (Foerster) Backeb., Opuntia sphaerica (K. Schum.)
Backeb., Opuntia sphaerica (K. Schum.) F. Ritter, Opuntia sphaerica (K. Schum.)
G.D. Rowley, Opuntia sphaerica (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia sphaerica
(Werdermann & Backeberg) Backeb., Opuntia sphaerica (Werdermann & Backeberg) F.
Ritter, Opuntia sphaerica Britton & Rose, Opuntia sphaerica Foerster, Opuntia
sphaerica K. Schum., Opuntia sphaerica Rauh & Backeb., Opuntia sphaerica Werdermann
& Backeberg, Opuntia sphaerica Werdermann & Backeberg
Ecology: Native Sprawling cactus. Andean I-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 1000-4000
m.
Voucher: Collector unknown s.n.* , Rose & Rose 19002 (US)
Departments: Arequipa, Ica, Lima.
Opuntia sphaerica var. rauppiana (K. Schum.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia sphaerica var. rauppiana (K. Schum.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia sphaerica
Foerster
$
Opuntia sphaerica var. unguispina (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia sphaerica var. unguispina (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia unguispina

Backeb.
Opuntia staffordae Bullock
Opuntia staffordae Bullock
Synonyms: Opuntia staffordae (Bullock) Backeb.

Reference: Eggli, U. & N. Taylor, 1991: 211.
Ecology: Endemic Clump-forming cactus. .
Note: Treated neither by Ritter (1981) nor by Hunt (1992).
Voucher: Stafford 1030 (K)
Opuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.) Engelm.
Opuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.) Engelm.
Synonyms: Opuntia subulata (A. Berger) Backeb., Opuntia subulata (A. Berger)
Backeb., Opuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.) Backeb., Opuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.) F.M.
Knuth, Opuntia subulata A. Berger, Opuntia subulata Muehlenpf.
Ecology: Native Erect, branched cactus. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas,
Voucher: Rose 18632 (US)
Departments: Cuzco, Lima, Puno.
Opuntia tephrocactoides (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia tephrocactoides (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley = Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck
$
Opuntia tunicata (Lehmann) Link & Otto
Opuntia tunicata (Lehmann) Link & Otto
Synonyms: Opuntia tunicata (Lehmann) F.M. Knuth, Opuntia tunicata (Lehmann) Link &
Otto, Opuntia tunicata Lehmann
D., 1992: 109.
Ecology: Introduced Erect, columnar cactus. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas,
dry valleys, rocky slopes. 0-3000 m.
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima.
Opuntia udonis Weingart
Opuntia udonis Weingart = Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck
Opuntia unguispina Backeb.
Opuntia unguispina Backeb.
Synonyms: Opuntia unguispina (Backeb.) G.D. Rowley, Opuntia unguispina (Backeberg)

F. Ritter, Opuntia unguispina Backeb., Opuntia unguispina F. Ritter
Ecology: Endemic Clump-forming cactus. Andean I-II: lomas, rocky slopes. 500-2000
m.
Voucher: Ritter 121b (U)
Opuntia verticosa Weingart
Opuntia verticosa Weingart = Opuntia floccosa Salm-Dyck

$
Opuntia yanganucensis (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia yanganucensis (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Synonyms: Opuntia yanganucensis Rauh & Backeb.

Ecology: Endemic Clump-forming cactus. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m.
Opuntia zehnderi (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Opuntia zehnderi (Rauh & Backeb.) G.D. Rowley
Synonyms: Opuntia zehnderi (Lemaire) F. Ritter, Opuntia zehnderi (Rauh & Backeb.)
F. Ritter, Opuntia zehnderi F. Ritter, Opuntia zehnderi Rauh & Backeb.
Ecology: Endemic Cushion cactus. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 3000-3500 m.
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). Treated under Cumulocactus by Ritter

(1981).
Orbicularia orbiculata (H.B.K.) Moldenke
Orbicularia orbiculata (H.B.K.) Moldenke

Note: Erroneously listed in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of Phyllanthus
orbiculatus (Webster, pers. comm.).
Orbignya polysticha Burret
Orbignya polysticha Burret = Attalea spectabilis Mart.

Orchidofunckia pallidiflora A. Rich. & Galeotti
Orchidofunckia pallidiflora A. Rich. & Galeotti = Cryptarrhena lunata R. Br.
Orchidotypus muscoides Kraenzl.
Orchidotypus muscoides Kraenzl. = Pachyphyllum muscoides (Kraenzlin) Schltr.
Orchis foliosa Sprengel
Orchis foliosa Sprengel = Habenaria alata Hook.
Orchis monorrhiza Sw.
Orchis monorrhiza Sw. = Habenaria monorrhiza (Sw.) Rchb. f.
Orchis repens (Nutt.) Raf.
Orchis repens (Nutt.) Raf. = Habenaria repens Nutt. var. repens

Orchis setacea Jacq.
Orchis setacea Jacq. = Habenaria monorrhiza (Sw.) Rchb. f.
Orchis styllomisantha Vell.
Orchis styllomisantha Vell. = Galeandra styllomisantha (Vell.) Hoehne
Oreastrum chochlearifolium A. Gray
Oreastrum chochlearifolium A. Gray = Chaetanthera cochlearifolia (A. Gray) B.

Robinson
Oreinotinus ayavacensis (Kunth) Oerst.
Oreinotinus ayavacensis (Kunth) Oerst. = Viburnum ayavacense Kunth
Oreinotinus laurifolius Oerst.
Oreinotinus laurifolius Oerst. = Viburnum triphyllum Benth.

$
Oreinotinus mathewsii Oerst.
Oreinotinus mathewsii Oerst. = Viburnum mathewsii (Oerst.) Killip & Smith
Oreinotinus obovatus Oerst.
Oreinotinus obovatus Oerst. = Viburnum tridentatum Killip & Smith
Oreinotinus reticulatus Oerst.
Oreinotinus reticulatus Oerst. = Viburnum reticulatum Ruiz & Pav.
Oreinotinus triphyllus Oerst.
Oreinotinus triphyllus Oerst. = Viburnum triphyllum Benth.
Oreithales integrifolia (DC.) Schltdl.
Oreithales integrifolia (DC.) Schltdl.
Synonyms: Oreithales integrifolia (DC.) Britton, Oreithales integrifolia (DC.)

Kunth ex Wedd., Oreithales integrifolia Britton, Oreithales integrifolia DC.
Reference: Lourteig, A., 1956: 212.
Ecology. 2000-4500 m.
Departments: Apurímac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Huancavelica, Junín, Puno.
Oreobolopsis tepalifera T. Koyama & Guagl.
Oreobolopsis tepalifera T. Koyama & Guagl.
Reference: Koyama, T. & E. R. Guaglianone, 1987: 80.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, bogs. 3000-4500 m.
Oreobolus ecuadorensis T. Koyama
Oreobolus ecuadorensis T. Koyama
Reference: Koyama, T., 1984: 415.

Voucher: León & Young 1418 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Pasco, San Martín.
Oreobolus obtusangulus Gaudich.
Oreobolus obtusangulus Gaudich.
Oreobolus obtusangulus subsp.obtusangulus
Oreobolus obtusangulus subsp. obtusangulus
Reference: Seberg, O., 1988: 159.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: bogs, disturbed areas, grasslands, riversides.
3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Young & León 4368 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, San Martín.
$
Oreobolus obtusangulus subsp.unispicus Seberg
Oreobolus obtusangulus subsp. unispicus Seberg
Reference: Seberg, O., 1988: 163.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 4000-4500 m.
Oreobolus venezuelensis Steyerm.
Oreobolus venezuelensis Steyerm.
Reference: Koyama, T., 1984: 417.

Departments: Pasco.
Oreocallis grandiflora (Lam.) R. Br.
Oreocallis grandiflora (Lam.) R. Br.
Synonyms: Oreocallis grandiflora Lam., Oreocallis grandiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands.
1500-4000 m.
Departments: Ancash, Amazonas, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco,
Huánuco, Junín, La Libertad, Piura, San Martín.
Oreocallis mucronata (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Sleumer
Oreocallis mucronata (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Sleumer
Synonyms: Oreocallis mucronata Klotzsch, Oreocallis mucronata Perkins, Oreocallis

mucronata Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, elfin forests, rocky
slopes. 500-3500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Hutchison & Wright 5657 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco,
Piura, San Martín.
Oreocallis ruizii Klotzsch
Oreocallis ruizii Klotzsch = Oreocallis mucronata (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.)

Sleumer
Oreocereus celsianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Riccob.
Oreocereus celsianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Riccob.
Synonyms: Oreocereus celsianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) A. Berger, Oreocereus celsianus

(Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) A. Weber, Oreocereus celsianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) Kimnach,
Oreocereus celsianus Lem. ex Salm-Dyck
Reference: Riccobono, V., 1909: 259; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 171;
Ritter, F., 1980: 696.
Ecology: Native Erect, branched or columnar cactus. .
Oreocereus celsianus var. ritteri (Cullmann) Krainz
Oreocereus celsianus var. ritteri (Cullmann) Krainz = Oreocereus ritteri Cullman
Oreocereus celsianus var. varicolor (Backeb.) Krainz
Oreocereus celsianus var. varicolor (Backeb.) Krainz = Oreocereus varicolor Backeb.

$
Oreocereus doelzianus (Backeb.) Borg
Oreocereus doelzianus (Backeb.) Borg
Synonyms: Oreocereus doelzianus (Backeb.) Kimnach, Oreocereus doelzianus (Rauh &

Backeberg) F. Ritter, Oreocereus doelzianus Backeb., Oreocereus doelzianus Backeb.,
Oreocereus doelzianus F. Ritter, Oreocereus doelzianus Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Kimnach, M., 1960: 59; Ritter, F., 1981: 1366; Hunt, D., 1992: 110.
Ecology: Endemic Sprawling cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3000
m.
Note: Treated under Borzicactus by Kimnach (1960a) and under Morawetzia by Ritter
(1981).
Voucher: Backeberg s.n.* , Ritter 150 (U)
Oreocereus hempelianus (Gürke) D.R. Hunt
Oreocereus hempelianus (Gürke) D.R. Hunt
Synonyms: Oreocereus hempelianus (Gürke) Kreuz. & Buining, Oreocereus

hempelianus (Gürke) Oehme, Oreocereus hempelianus (Quehl) Buxb., Oreocereus
hempelianus (Quehl) Oehme, Oreocereus hempelianus (Rauh & Backeberg) Krainz,
Oreocereus hempelianus Backeb., Oreocereus hempelianus F. Ritter, Oreocereus
hempelianus F. Ritter, Oreocereus hempelianus Gürke, Oreocereus hempelianus
Kreuz., Oreocereus hempelianus Quehl, Oreocereus hempelianus Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Hunt, D. & N. Taylor, 1987: 93; Hunt, D., 1992: 110.
Ecology: Native Clump-forming cactus. Andean III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 3500-
4000 m.
Voucher: Rauh K53a [1954]* (ZSS)
Oreocereus hendriksenianus Backeb.
Oreocereus hendriksenianus Backeb. = Oreocereus leucotrichus (Philippi) Wagenknecht
Reference: Backeberg, C. & F. M. Knuth, 1935: 186, 411; Rauh, W., 1958: 330;
Ritter, F., 1980: 1117.
Oreocereus hendriksenianus var. densilanatus Rauh & Backeb.

Oreocereus hendriksenianus var. densilanatus Rauh & Backeb. = Oreocereus ritteri
Cullman
Oreocereus hendriksenianus var. spinosissimus Rauh & Backeb.
Oreocereus hendriksenianus var. spinosissimus Rauh & Backeb. = Oreocereus ritteri

Cullman
Oreocereus horridispinus F. Ritter & Krainz
Oreocereus horridispinus F. Ritter & Krainz = Oreocereus varicolor Backeb.
Oreocereus knizei Hewitt & Donald
Oreocereus knizei Hewitt & Donald = Oreocereus leucotrichus (Philippi) Wagenknecht
Oreocereus lanatus (Kunth) Britton & Rose
Oreocereus lanatus (Kunth) Britton & Rose = Espostoa lanata (Kunth) Britton & Rose
1981: 1437.
Oreocereus leucotrichus (Philippi) Wagenknecht

Oreocereus leucotrichus (Philippi) Wagenknecht
Synonyms: Oreocereus leucotrichus (Philippi) Britton & Rose, Oreocereus

leucotrichus (Philippi) Kimnach, Oreocereus leucotrichus Backeb., Oreocereus
leucotrichus Hewitt & Donald, Oreocereus leucotrichus Knize, Oreocereus
leucotrichus Philippi
Ecology: Native Erect, branched or columnar cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-
3500 m.
Voucher: Rose & Rose 18789 (NY)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho.
Oreocereus piscoensis (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter
Oreocereus piscoensis (Rauh & Backeb.) F. Ritter
Synonyms: Oreocereus piscoensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Rauh & Backeb., Oreocereus
piscoensis F. Ritter, Oreocereus piscoensis Rauh & Backeb., Oreocereus piscoensis
Rauh & Backeb.
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean I-II: dry valleys, rocky
slopes. 1000-2500 m.
Voucher: Rauh K161 [1956]* (ZSS), Ritter 630 (U)
Departments: Huancavelica, Ica, Lima.
Oreocereus rettigii (Quehl) Buxb.
Oreocereus rettigii (Quehl) Buxb. = Oreocereus hempelianus (Gürke) D.R. Hunt
Oreocereus ritteri Cullman
Oreocereus ritteri Cullman
Synonyms: Oreocereus ritteri (Cullmann) Krainz, Oreocereus ritteri Rauh & Backeb.,
Oreocereus ritteri Rauh & Backeb.
Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II-III: rocky slopes,
Voucher: Ritter 177a* (U)
Oreocereus tacnaensis F. Ritter
Oreocereus tacnaensis F. Ritter
Synonyms: Oreocereus tacnaensis (F. Ritter) Backeb.

Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky
slopes. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Tacna.
Oreocereus varicolor Backeb.
Oreocereus varicolor Backeb.
Synonyms: Oreocereus varicolor (Backeb.) Backeb., Oreocereus varicolor (Backeb.)

Krainz, Oreocereus varicolor F. Ritter & Krainz
Ecology: Native Terrestrial, scandent cactus. .
Note: No Peru voucher seen, although recorded for the country by Hunt (1992).
Oreocereus varicolor var. tacnaensis (F. Ritter) Backeb.
Oreocereus varicolor var. tacnaensis (F. Ritter) Backeb. = Oreocereus tacnaensis F.

Ritter
Oreodaphne aciphylla Nees

Oreodaphne aciphylla Nees = Ocotea aciphylla (Nees) Mez
Oreodaphne amazonica Meisn.
Oreodaphne amazonica Meisn. = Ocotea amazonica (Meisn.) Mez
Oreodaphne caudata Nees
Oreodaphne caudata Nees = Ocotea caudata (Nees) Mez
Oreodaphne cernua Nees
Oreodaphne cernua Nees = Ocotea cernua (Nees) Mez
Oreodaphne cuneata Nees
Oreodaphne cuneata Nees = Ocotea cuneifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Oreodaphne cuprea Meisn.
Oreodaphne cuprea Meisn. = Ocotea oblonga subsp. cuprea (Meisn.) Rohwer
$
Oreodaphne evonymodaphne Meisn.
Oreodaphne evonymodaphne Meisn. = Licaria armeniaca (Nees) Kosterm.
Oreodaphne glomerata Nees
Oreodaphne glomerata Nees = Ocotea glomerata (Nees) Mez
Oreodaphne gracilis Meisn.
Oreodaphne gracilis Meisn. = Ocotea gracilis (Meisn.) Mez
Oreodaphne grandifolia Nees
Oreodaphne grandifolia Nees = Ocotea longifolia Kunth
Oreodaphne leptobotra Nees
Oreodaphne leptobotra Nees = Ocotea leptobotra (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Oreodaphne maynensis Meisn.
Oreodaphne maynensis Meisn. = Ocotea gracilis (Meisn.) Mez
$
Oreodaphne oblongoobovata Nees
Oreodaphne oblongoobovata Nees = Ocotea oblongoobovata (Nees) Rohwer
Oreodaphne obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meisn.
Oreodaphne obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meisn. = Ocotea obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Oreodaphne pauciflora Nees
Oreodaphne pauciflora Nees = Ocotea pauciflora (Nees) Mez
Oreodaphne petalanthera Meisn.
Oreodaphne petalanthera Meisn. = Ocotea petalanthera (Meisn.) Mez
Oreodaphne poeppigiana Nees
Oreodaphne poeppigiana Nees = Ocotea multiglandulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Oreodaphne schomburgkiana Nees
Oreodaphne schomburgkiana Nees = Ocotea schomburgkiana (Nees) Mez

Note: NN
Oreodaphne splendens Meisn.
Oreodaphne splendens Meisn. = Ocotea splendens (Meisn.) Baill.
Oreodaphne sublanuginosa (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Nees
Oreodaphne sublanuginosa (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Nees = Ocotea ovalifolia (Ruiz &
Pav.) Mez
Oreodaphne tarapotana Meisn.
Oreodaphne tarapotana Meisn. = Ocotea tarapotana (Meisn.) Mez
Oreodaphne terminalis Nees
Oreodaphne terminalis Nees = Ocotea leptobotra (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Oreodaphne undulata Meisn.
Oreodaphne undulata Meisn. = Pleurothyrium undulatum (Meisn.) Rohwer

Note: NN
$
Oreodoxa acuminata Willd.
Oreodoxa acuminata Willd. = Prestoea acuminata (Willd.) H.E. Moore
Oreomyrrhis andicola (Kunth) Hook. f.
Oreomyrrhis andicola (Kunth) Hook. f.
Synonyms: Oreomyrrhis andicola A. Gray, Oreomyrrhis andicola DC., Oreomyrrhis

andicola DC., Oreomyrrhis andicola DC., Oreomyrrhis andicola Kunth, Oreomyrrhis
andicola Lag., Oreomyrrhis andicola Lag. ex DC., Oreomyrrhis andicola Lag. ex DC.,
Oreomyrrhis andicola Urb., Oreomyrrhis andicola Wedd.
M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 57.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500- >
4500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.
Oreomyrrhis andicola var. tomentosa Wedd.
Oreomyrrhis andicola var. tomentosa Wedd. = Oreomyrrhis andicola (Kunth) Hook. f.
Oreomyrrhis daucoides Urb.
Oreomyrrhis daucoides Urb. = Oreomyrrhis andicola (Kunth) Hook. f.
Oreomyrrhis lasiopetala A. Gray

Oreomyrrhis lasiopetala A. Gray = Oreomyrrhis andicola (Kunth) Hook. f.
Oreopanax allocophyllus Harms
Oreopanax allocophyllus Harms

Note:
Voucher: Weberbauer 6680* (B photo F), Young 1578 (MO!)
Oreopanax apurimacensis Harms
Oreopanax apurimacensis Harms

Voucher: Raimondi s.n.* (B), Weberbauer 36 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Junín.
Oreopanax aquifolium Harms
Oreopanax aquifolium Harms

Oreopanax argentatus (Kunth) Decne. & Planch.

Oreopanax argentatus (Kunth) Decne. & Planch.
Synonyms: Oreopanax argentatus Kunth

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Region uncertain: forests. .
Note: Voucher cited in Flora of Peru (and here) questionably determined.
Voucher: Sawada 31 (F)
Oreopanax artocarpoides Standl.
Oreopanax artocarpoides Standl.

Ecology: Native tree. Andean III: cloud forests. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1843 (F)
Departments: Cuzco.
Oreopanax candamoanus Harms
Oreopanax candamoanus Harms

Oreopanax capitatus (Jacq.) Decne. & Planch.
Oreopanax capitatus (Jacq.) Decne. & Planch.
Synonyms: Oreopanax capitatus Jacq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1322: 16; Cannon, M. J. & J. F. M. Cannon, 1989: 24.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, La Libertad, Loreto.
$
Oreopanax cissoides Harms
Oreopanax cissoides Harms

Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m.
Oreopanax cuspidatus Harms
Oreopanax cuspidatus Harms

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Oreopanax deinocephalus Harms
Oreopanax deinocephalus Harms
Reference: Harms, H., 1942: 683.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. Not reconfirmed and not
treated in the Flora of Peru.
Oreopanax discolor (H.B.K.) Decne. & Planch.
Oreopanax discolor (H.B.K.) Decne. & Planch.
Synonyms: Oreopanax discolor Kunth

Reference: Frodin, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. .
Voucher: Lechler 1974 (K)
Departments: Puno.
Oreopanax divulsum Marchal
Oreopanax divulsum Marchal

Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (G photo F)
Oreopanax ecuadorense Seem.
Oreopanax ecuadorense Seem.

Oreopanax eriocephalus Harms
Oreopanax eriocephalus Harms
Oreopanax gnaphalocephalus Harms
Oreopanax gnaphalocephalus Harms

$
Oreopanax iodophyllus Harms
Oreopanax iodophyllus Harms

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F)
Oreopanax ischnolobus Harms
Oreopanax ischnolobus Harms

Oreopanax jelskii Szyszyl.
Oreopanax jelskii Szyszyl.

Voucher: Jelski 313* (W)
Oreopanax klugii Harms
Oreopanax klugii Harms

Voucher: Klug 3158* (B)
Oreopanax lechleri Seem.
Oreopanax lechleri Seem.

Ecology. .
Departments: Puno.
Oreopanax macleanii Seem.
Oreopanax macleanii Seem.

Note: 11 Questionably from Peru; the type may actually have been collected
elsewhere.
Voucher: Maclean s.n.* (K-Hooker)
Oreopanax mathewsii Seem.
Oreopanax mathewsii Seem.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1322: 20, 21.

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. The Flora of Peru lists O.
mathewsii as a synonym of O. pavonii "fide Marchal," although it is listed as an
accepted species on the previous page.
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K-Bentham)
Oreopanax oroyanus Harms

Oreopanax oroyanus Harms

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: shrublands. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Raimondi 9386* (B), Ferreyra 10423 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Junín, Lima.
Oreopanax pariahuancae Harms
Oreopanax pariahuancae Harms

Oreopanax pavonii Seem.
Oreopanax pavonii Seem.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (BM), Vásquez 189 (MOL!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Huánuco, Pasco, Puno.
Oreopanax polycephalus Harms
Oreopanax polycephalus Harms

Voucher: Weberbauer 1844* (B photo F), Ferreyra 11310 (MO!)
$
Oreopanax raimondii Harms
Oreopanax raimondii Harms

Voucher: Raimondi s.n.* (B photo F!)
Oreopanax ruizii Decne. & Planch.
Oreopanax ruizii Decne. & Planch.

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II-III: forests. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Woytkowski 596 (MO!)
Oreopanax rusbyi Britton
Oreopanax rusbyi Britton

Ecology: Native tree. Andean III: forests. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Aronson & Berry 508 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Oreopanax sandianus Harms
Oreopanax sandianus Harms

Departments: Puno.
$
Oreopanax stenodactylus Harms
Oreopanax stenodactylus Harms

Oreopanax stenophyllus Harms
Oreopanax stenophyllus Harms

Voucher: Weberbauer 4948* (B photo F), Luteyn & Lyteyn-Lebrón 6454 (MO!)
Oreopanax urubambanus Harms
Oreopanax urubambanus Harms

Departments: Cuzco.
Oreopanax weberbaueri Harms
Oreopanax weberbaueri Harms
Reference: Flora Peru: 1322: 24; Harms, H., 1908: 159.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 882* (B), Vargas 782
Departments: Puno.
Oreopanax williamsii Harms
Oreopanax williamsii Harms

Oreophila meyeniana Walp.
Oreophila meyeniana Walp. = Hypochaeris meyeniana (Walp.) Griseb.
Oreophila taraxacifolia Meyen & Walp.
Oreophila taraxacifolia Meyen & Walp. = Hypochaeris taraxacoides (Walp.) Benth. &
Hook. f.
Oreosciadium dissectum var. asperum Wedd.
Oreosciadium dissectum var. asperum Wedd. = Niphogeton dissecta (Benth.) J.F.

Macbr.
$
Oreosciadium dissectum (Bentham) Wedd.
Oreosciadium dissectum (Bentham) Wedd. = Niphogeton dissecta (Benth.) J.F. Macbr.
Oreosciadium scabrum H. Wolff
Oreosciadium scabrum H. Wolff = Niphogeton scabra (H. Wolff) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: FP 1293: 83; Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1951: 417.
Oreosphacus parvifolia Philippi
Oreosphacus parvifolia Philippi = Satureja parvifolia (Philippi) Epling
Oritrophium aciculifolium Cuatrec.
Oritrophium aciculifolium Cuatrec.

Oritrophium callacallense Cuatrec.
Oritrophium callacallense Cuatrec.

Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5540* (US!)
Oritrophium crocifolium (Kunth) Cuatrec.
Oritrophium crocifolium (Kunth) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Oritrophium crocifolium (Kunth) Sch. Bip., Oritrophium crocifolium

(Kunth) Wedd., Oritrophium crocifolium Kunth
Oritrophium ferrugineum (Wedd.) Cuatrec.
Oritrophium ferrugineum (Wedd.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Oritrophium ferrugineum Wedd.
Oritrophium hieracioides (Wedd.) Cuatrec.
Oritrophium hieracioides (Wedd.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Oritrophium hieracioides Wedd.
Oritrophium hirtopilosum (Hieron.) Cuatrec.
Oritrophium hirtopilosum (Hieron.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Oritrophium hirtopilosum Hieron.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Stuebel 48i* , Mathews sn. (US!)
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Oritrophium limnophilum (Sch. Bip.) Cuatrec.
Oritrophium limnophilum (Sch. Bip.) Cuatrec.
Oritrophium limnophilum (Sch. Bip.) Cuatrec. subsp.limnophilum
Oritrophium limnophilum (Sch. Bip.) Cuatrec. subsp. limnophilum
Synonyms: Oritrophium limnophilum limnophilum Hieron., Oritrophium limnophilum

limnophilum Sch. Bip., Oritrophium limnophilum limnophilum Wedd.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: bogs. 3500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1788* (US!), Macbride & Featherstone 1854 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Junín, Huánuco.
Oritrophium limnophilum subsp.mutisianum (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Oritrophium limnophilum subsp. mutisianum (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Oritrophium limnophilum mutisianum Cuatrec., Oritrophium limnophilum var.

mutisianum (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Ellenberg 1850 (U)
Oritrophium limnophilum subsp.punae (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Oritrophium limnophilum subsp. punae (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Oritrophium peruvianum (Lam.) Cuatrec.
Oritrophium peruvianum (Lam.) Cuatrec.

Synonyms: Oritrophium peruvianum (Kunth) Sch. Bip., Oritrophium peruvianum (Kunth)
Wedd., Oritrophium peruvianum (Lam.) Cabrera, Oritrophium peruvianum (Lam.)
Cuatrec., Oritrophium peruvianum (Lam.) Pers., Oritrophium peruvianum Benth.,
Oritrophium peruvianum Hieron., Oritrophium peruvianum Hieron., Oritrophium
peruvianum Kunth, Oritrophium peruvianum Lam.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash.
Oritrophium repens (Kunth) Cuatrec.
Oritrophium repens (Kunth) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Oritrophium repens (Kunth) Wedd., Oritrophium repens Kunth
Orleanesia peruviana C. Schweinf.
Orleanesia peruviana C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Orleanesia pleurostachys (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Garay & Dunst.
Orleanesia pleurostachys (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Garay & Dunst.
Synonyms: Orleanesia pleurostachys C. Schweinf. & Garay, Orleanesia pleurostachys

Linden & Reichenbach f.
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Orleanesia pradei C. Schweinf. & Garay
Orleanesia pradei C. Schweinf. & Garay = Orleanesia pleurostachys (Linden &

Reichenbach f.) Garay & Dunst.
Ormosia amazonica Ducke
Ormosia amazonica Ducke
Synonyms: Ormosia amazonica Harms

Ormosia bopiensis Pierce ex J. F. Macbr.
Ormosia bopiensis Pierce ex J. F. Macbr.

Voucher: Klug 669* (F), Gentry et al. 43019 (MO!)
Ormosia coccinea (Aubl.) Jackson
Ormosia coccinea (Aubl.) Jackson
Synonyms: Ormosia coccinea Aubl.

Note: Not known from Peru. The species was listed in the Flora of Peru with O.
subsimplex as a synonym.
Ormosia coccinea var.subsimplex (Spruce ex Benth.) Rudd

Ormosia coccinea var. subsimplex (Spruce ex Benth.) Rudd
Synonyms: Ormosia coccinea subsimplex Spruce ex Benth.

Ormosia euneura Harms
Ormosia euneura Harms = Ormosia amazonica Ducke
Ormosia grandiflora (Tul.) Rudd
Ormosia grandiflora (Tul.) Rudd
Synonyms: Ormosia grandiflora (Tul.) Harms, Ormosia grandiflora Pierce ex J. F.

Macbr., Ormosia grandiflora Tul.
Ormosia macrocalyx Ducke
Ormosia macrocalyx Ducke

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Ormosia nobilis Tul.

Ormosia nobilis Tul.
Ormosia nobilis var.santaremnensis (Ducke) Rudd
Ormosia nobilis var. santaremnensis (Ducke) Rudd
Synonyms: Ormosia nobilis santaremnensis Ducke

Ormosia peruviana Rudd
Ormosia peruviana Rudd

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: forests, rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 6964* (MO!), Woytkowski 8162 (MO!)
Ormosia santaremnensis Ducke
Ormosia santaremnensis Ducke = Ormosia nobilis var. santaremnensis (Ducke) Rudd
Ormosia schunkei Rudd
Ormosia schunkei Rudd

Voucher: Schunke 2999* (MO!), Schunke 2555 (MO!)
Ormosia subsimplex Spruce ex Benth.
Ormosia subsimplex Spruce ex Benth. = Ormosia coccinea var. subsimplex (Spruce ex

Benth.) Rudd
Ormosiopsis cuspidata Pierce ex J. F. Macbr.
Ormosiopsis cuspidata Pierce ex J. F. Macbr. = Ormosia grandiflora (Tul.) Rudd
Ornithidium album Hooker
Ornithidium album Hooker = Maxillaria camaridii Rchb. f.
Ornithidium aureum Poepp. & Endl.
Ornithidium aureum Poepp. & Endl. = Maxillaria aurea (Poepp. & Endl.) L.O. Williams
Ornithidium bicolor Lindl. ex Rchb. f.
Ornithidium bicolor Lindl. ex Rchb. f. = Odontoglossum aureum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.

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Ornithidium bolivianum Schltr.
Ornithidium bolivianum Schltr. = Maxillaria aurea (Poepp. & Endl.) L.O. Williams
Ornithidium confertum Griseb.
Ornithidium confertum Griseb. = Maxillaria parviflora (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay
Ornithidium dichotomum Schltr.
Ornithidium dichotomum Schltr. = Maxillaria ramosa Ruiz & Pav.
Ornithidium distichum Lindl.
Ornithidium distichum Lindl. = Maxillaria disticha (Lindl.) C. Schweinf.
Ornithidium divaricatum Barb. Rodr.
Ornithidium divaricatum Barb. Rodr. = Maxillaria divaricata (Barb. Rodr. ) Cogn.
Ornithidium dolichophyllum Schltr.

Ornithidium dolichophyllum Schltr. = Maxillaria bicallosa (Rchb. f.) Garay
Ornithidium fulgens Rchb. f.
Ornithidium fulgens Rchb. f. = Maxillaria fulgens (Rchb. f.) L.O. Williams
Ornithidium giganteum Lindl.
Ornithidium giganteum Lindl. = Maxillaria gigantea (Lindl.) Dodson
Ornithidium huancabambae Kraenzl.
Ornithidium huancabambae Kraenzl. = Maxillaria huancabambae (Kraenzlin) C.

Schweinf.
Ornithidium jamesonii Rchb. f.
Ornithidium jamesonii Rchb. f. = Maxillaria jamesonii (Rchb. f.) Garay & C.

Schweinf.
Reference: FP 1510: 60, 68; Dodson, pers. comm..
Ornithidium mapiriense Kraenzl.

Ornithidium mapiriense Kraenzl. = Maxillaria mapiriensis (Kraenzl.) L.O. Williams
Ornithidium multicaule (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.
Ornithidium multicaule (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f. = Maxillaria multicaulis (Poeppig

& Endlicher) C. Schweinf.
Ornithidium nubigenum Rchb. f.
Ornithidium nubigenum Rchb. f. = Maxillaria nubigena (Reichenbach f.) C. Schweinf.
Ornithidium paleatum Rchb. f.
Ornithidium paleatum Rchb. f. = Maxillaria paleata (Rchb. f.) Ames & C. Schweinf.
Ornithidium pendulum (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn.
Ornithidium pendulum (Poepp. & Endl.) Cogn. = Maxillaria pendens (Barb. Rodr. )
Pabst
Ornithidium quitense Rchb. f.
Ornithidium quitense Rchb. f. = Maxillaria quitensis (Rchb. f.) C. Schweinf.

Ornithidium serrulatum Lindl.
Ornithidium serrulatum Lindl. = Maxillaria alticola C. Schweinf.
Ornithidium simulans Ames & C. Schweinf.
Ornithidium simulans Ames & C. Schweinf. = Maxillaria parviflora (Poepp. & Endl.)
Garay
Ornithidium tafallae (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f.
Ornithidium tafallae (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f. = Maxillaria ramosa Ruiz & Pav.
Ornithidium vestitum (Sw.) Rchb. f.
Ornithidium vestitum (Sw.) Rchb. f. = Maxillaria parviflora (Poepp. & Endl.) Garay
Reference: FP 1473: 724, 725; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Ornithidium weberbauerianum (Schlechter) Kraenzl.
Ornithidium weberbauerianum (Schlechter) Kraenzl. = Maxillaria haemathodes (Ruiz &

Pav.) Garay
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Ornithocephalus apiculatus Lindl.
Ornithocephalus apiculatus Lindl.

Ornithocephalus avicula Rchb. f. & Wullschl.
Ornithocephalus avicula Rchb. f. & Wullschl. = Ornithocephalus kruegeri Rchb. f.
Ornithocephalus gladiatus Hook.
Ornithocephalus gladiatus Hook.
Synonyms: Ornithocephalus gladiatus C. Schweinf.

Voucher: Bennett et al. 4355 (MO!)
Ornithocephalus gladiatus var. peruvianus C. Schweinf.
Ornithocephalus gladiatus var. peruvianus C. Schweinf. = Ornithocephalus gladiatus

Hook.
Ornithocephalus kruegeri Rchb. f.

Ornithocephalus kruegeri Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Ornithocephalus kruegeri Rchb. f. & Wullschl.

Departments: Junín, Huánuco, Loreto.
Ornithocephalus longilabris Schltr.
Ornithocephalus longilabris Schltr. = Ornithocephalus stenoglottis Rchb. f.
Ornithocephalus patentilobus C. Schweinf.
Ornithocephalus patentilobus C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Ornithocephalus planifolius Rchb. f.
Ornithocephalus planifolius Rchb. f. = Dipteranthus planifolius (Rchb. f.) Garay
Ornithocephalus polyodon Rchb. f.
Ornithocephalus polyodon Rchb. f.

Ornithocephalus stenoglottis Rchb. f.
Ornithocephalus stenoglottis Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Ornithocephalus stenoglottis Schltr.

Ornithogalum biflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Don in Sweet
Ornithogalum biflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Don in Sweet = Fortunatia biflora (Ruiz & Pav.)
J.F. Macbr.
Ornithogalum bivalve L.
Ornithogalum bivalve L. = Nothoscordum bivalve (L.) Britton
Ornithogalum gramineum Sims
Ornithogalum gramineum Sims = Nothoscordum gramineum (Sims) P. Beauv.
Orobanche tacnaensis Mattf.

Orobanche tacnaensis Mattf.

Ecology: Native parasitic herb. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Woilschach 71* (B), Alfaro 3461 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Orobanche weberbaueri Mattf.
Orobanche weberbaueri Mattf.

Ecology: Native parasitic herb. Coastal: lomas. 0-500 m.
Orobus fruticosus (Cav.) Pers.
Orobus fruticosus (Cav.) Pers. = Coursetia fruticosa (Cav.) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Lavin, M., 1988: 84.
Orobus tomentosus Desf.
Orobus tomentosus Desf. = Coursetia fruticosa (Cav.) J.F. Macbr.
Orophochilus stipulaceus Lindau
Orophochilus stipulaceus Lindau
Oroya baumannii Knize

Oroya baumannii Knize
Oroya baumannii var.baumannii
Oroya baumannii var. baumannii
Synonyms: Oroya baumannii var. baumannii (Knize) Slaba

Reference: Knize, K., 1968: 254; Ritter, F., 1981: 1514; Hunt, D., 1992: 110.
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes.
3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Knize 380* (ZSS)
Departments: Junín, Lima.
Oroya baumannii var.rubrispina Knize
Oroya baumannii var. rubrispina Knize
Reference: Knize, K., 1968: 255.

3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Knize 238a* (ZSS)
Oroya borchersii (Boed.) Backeb.
Oroya borchersii (Boed.) Backeb.
Synonyms: Oroya borchersii Boed.

3500-4000 m.
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Oroya borchersii var. fuscata Rauh & Backeb.
Oroya borchersii var. fuscata Rauh & Backeb. = ?
Oroya gibbosa F. Ritter
Oroya gibbosa F. Ritter = Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose
Oroya gibbosa var. citriflora Knize
Oroya gibbosa var. citriflora Knize = Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose
Reference: Knize, K., 1968: 255; Ritter, F., 1981: 1514.
Oroya laxiareolata Rauh & Backeb.
Oroya laxiareolata Rauh & Backeb. = Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose
Oroya laxiareolata var. pluricentralis Backeb.
Oroya laxiareolata var. pluricentralis Backeb. = Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.)

Britton & Rose
Oroya neoperuviana Backeb.

Oroya neoperuviana Backeb. = Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1512; Rauh, W., 1958: 484; Hunt, D., 1992: 110.
Oroya neoperuviana var. depressa Rauh & Backeb.
Oroya neoperuviana var. depressa Rauh & Backeb. = Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.)
Britton & Rose
Oroya neoperuviana var. ferruginea Rauh & Backeb.
Oroya neoperuviana var. ferruginea Rauh & Backeb. = Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.)
Britton & Rose
Oroya neoperuviana var. tenuispina Rauh & Backeb.
Oroya neoperuviana var. tenuispina Rauh & Backeb. = Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.)
Britton & Rose
Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose
Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose
Synonyms: Oroya peruviana (Backeberg) F. Ritter, Oroya peruviana Backeb., Oroya

peruviana Backeb., Oroya peruviana F. Ritter, Oroya peruviana K. Schum., Oroya
peruviana Knize, Oroya peruviana Rauh & Backeb., Oroya peruviana Rauh & Backeb.,
Oroya peruviana Rauh & Backeb., Oroya peruviana Rauh & Backeb., Oroya peruviana
Rauh & Backeb., Oroya peruviana Rauh & Backeb., Oroya peruviana Rauh & Backeb.,
Oroya peruviana Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1922: 102; Backeberg, C., 1956: 31; Ritter,
F., 1981: 1511.
Ecology: Endemic Solitary, globular cactus. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky
Note: Treated by Ritter (1981) with two varieties: peruviana and pluricentralis.
Voucher: Rauh K3 [1956] (ZSS)
Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica, Lima.
Oroya peruviana var. baumannii (Knize) Slaba
Oroya peruviana var. baumannii (Knize) Slaba = Oroya baumannii var. baumannii
Oroya peruviana var. depressa Rauh & Backeb.
Oroya peruviana var. depressa Rauh & Backeb. = Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.) Britton
& Rose
Oroya peruviana var. pluricentralis (Backeberg) F. Ritter
Oroya peruviana var. pluricentralis (Backeberg) F. Ritter = Oroya peruviana (K.

Schum.) Britton & Rose
Oroya subocculta Rauh & Backeb.
Oroya subocculta Rauh & Backeb. = Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.) Britton & Rose
Oroya subocculta var. albispina Rauh & Backeb.
Oroya subocculta var. albispina Rauh & Backeb. = Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.)
Britton & Rose
Oroya subocculta var. fusca Rauh & Backeb.
Oroya subocculta var. fusca Rauh & Backeb. = Oroya peruviana (K. Schum.) Britton &
Rose
Ortachne erectifolia (Swallen) Clayton
Ortachne erectifolia (Swallen) Clayton
Synonyms: Ortachne erectifolia (Swallen) Reeder & C. Reeder, Ortachne erectifolia

(Swallen) Reeder & C. Reeder, Ortachne erectifolia Swallen
Orthaea abbreviata Drake
Orthaea abbreviata Drake
Synonyms: Orthaea abbreviata Hoerold

Reference: Luteyn, J. L., 1987: 33.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4753* , Barbour 2941 (MO!)
Orthaea breviflora A.C. Sm.
Orthaea breviflora A.C. Sm.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 120; Luteyn, J. L., 1987: 33.
Voucher: Pennell 13972*
Departments: Cuzco.
Orthaea engleriana Hoerold
Orthaea engleriana Hoerold = Orthaea abbreviata Drake
Reference: FP 1325: 120; Luteyn, J. L., 1987: 33.
Orthaea ferreyrae A.C. Sm.
Orthaea ferreyrae A.C. Sm.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests, riversides. 1000-3500 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 6709* , Stein & Todzia 2279 (MO!)
Orthaea ignea Sleumer
Orthaea ignea Sleumer

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Herrera 3656*
Departments: Cuzco.
Orthaea pinnatinervia Mansf.
Orthaea pinnatinervia Mansf.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6925* (MOL!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Orthaea secundiflora (Poepp. & Endl.) Klotzsch
Orthaea secundiflora (Poepp. & Endl.) Klotzsch
Synonyms: Orthaea secundiflora Poepp. & Endl.

Orthaea weberbauerii Hoerold
Orthaea weberbauerii Hoerold

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Puno.
Orthiopteris inaequalis (Kunze) Copel.
Orthiopteris inaequalis (Kunze) Copel. = ?
Orthocarpus australis Benth.
Orthocarpus australis Benth. = Castilleja laciniata Hook. & Arn.
Reference: FP 1361: 695; Chuang, T. I. & L. R. Heckard, 1991: 644, 657.

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Orthocarpus laciniatus (Hook. & Arn.) Keck
Orthocarpus laciniatus (Hook. & Arn.) Keck = Castilleja laciniata Hook. & Arn.
Reference: FP 1361: 695; Chuang, T. I. & L. R. Heckard, 1991: 657; Chuang, T. I. &
L. R. Heckard, 1992: 425.
Orthoclada laxa (Rich.) P. Beauv.
Orthoclada laxa (Rich.) P. Beauv.
Synonyms: Orthoclada laxa (Lam.) P. Beauv., Orthoclada laxa Lam., Orthoclada laxa
Rich.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 141; Judziewicz, E. J., 1990[1991]: 353.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests on white sand.
0-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Martín, Tumbes.
Orthoclada rariflora (Lam.) P. Beauv.
Orthoclada rariflora (Lam.) P. Beauv. = Orthoclada laxa (Rich.) P. Beauv.
Ortholoma acuminatum (Benth.) Hanst.
Ortholoma acuminatum (Benth.) Hanst. = Columnea anisophylla DC.
Ortholoma anisophyllum (DC.) Wiehler
Ortholoma anisophyllum (DC.) Wiehler = Columnea anisophylla DC.

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Ortholoma peruvianum (Zahlbruckner) Wiehler
Ortholoma peruvianum (Zahlbruckner) Wiehler = Alloplectus peruvianus (Zahlbr.) L.P.

Kvist & L.E. Skog
Ortholoma vestitum Klotzsch ex Oerst.
Ortholoma vestitum Klotzsch ex Oerst. = Columnea anisophylla DC.
Ortholoma warscewiczianum Klotzsch ex Oerst.
Ortholoma warscewiczianum Klotzsch ex Oerst. = Columnea anisophylla DC.
Orthomene hirsuta (Krukoff & Moldenke) Barneby & Krukoff
Orthomene hirsuta (Krukoff & Moldenke) Barneby & Krukoff
Synonyms: Orthomene hirsuta Krukoff & Moldenke

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Orthomene schomburgkii (Miers) Krukoff & Barneby
Orthomene schomburgkii (Miers) Krukoff & Barneby
Synonyms: Orthomene schomburgkii Miers

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, riversides, seasonally
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Orthopappus angustifolius (Sw.) Gleason
Orthopappus angustifolius (Sw.) Gleason = Elephantopus angustifolius Sw.
Orthopetalum inerme (Meyer) Beer
Orthopetalum inerme (Meyer) Beer = Pitcairnia inermis var. inermis
Orthopterygium huaucui (A. Gray) Hemsl.
Orthopterygium huaucui (A. Gray) Hemsl.
Synonyms: Orthopterygium huaucui A. Gray

Reference: Flora Peru: 1228: 266; Young, D. A., 1976: 149.
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: desert. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Mathews 591* (K), Smith 5726 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Ica, Lima.
Orthosia tarmensis Schltr.
Orthosia tarmensis Schltr.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Orthosia thymifolia Schltr.

Orthosia thymifolia Schltr.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Orthrosanthus chimboracensis (Kunth) Baker
Orthrosanthus chimboracensis (Kunth) Baker
Synonyms: Orthrosanthus chimboracensis Kunth, Orthrosanthus chimboracensis Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1199: 715; Henrich, J. E. & P. Goldblatt, 1987: 580.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 1000-4000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Piura.
Orthrosanthus chimboracensis subsp. tunariensis (Kuntze) Ravenna
Orthrosanthus chimboracensis subsp. tunariensis (Kuntze) Ravenna = Orthrosanthus

occissapungus (Ruiz Lopez ex Klatt) Diels
Reference: Henrich, J. E. & P. Goldblatt, 1987: 581.
Orthrosanthus nigrorhynchus Rusby
Orthrosanthus nigrorhynchus Rusby = Orthrosanthus occissapungus (Ruiz Lopez ex

Klatt) Diels
Orthrosanthus occissapungus (Ruiz Lopez ex Klatt) Diels
Orthrosanthus occissapungus (Ruiz Lopez ex Klatt) Diels

Synonyms: Orthrosanthus occissapungus (Kuntze) Ravenna, Orthrosanthus occissapungus
Kuntze, Orthrosanthus occissapungus Ruiz ex Klatt, Orthrosanthus occissapungus
Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 1199: 715; Henrich, J. E. & P. Goldblatt, 1987: 581.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, shrublands. 2500-4500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura.
Orthrosanthus tunariensis Kuntze
Orthrosanthus tunariensis Kuntze = Orthrosanthus occissapungus (Ruiz Lopez ex

Klatt) Diels
Oryctanthus alveolatus (Kunth) Kuijt
Oryctanthus alveolatus (Kunth) Kuijt
Synonyms: Oryctanthus alveolatus (Kunth) Eichler, Oryctanthus alveolatus (Kunth) G.

Don, Oryctanthus alveolatus Eichler, Oryctanthus alveolatus Kunth, Oryctanthus
alveolatus Kunth, Oryctanthus alveolatus Ule
Reference: Kuijt, J., 1976: 504; Kuijt, J., 1986: 120.
Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, elfin
forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-2000 m.
Martín.
Oryctanthus amazonicus Ule
Oryctanthus amazonicus Ule = Oryctanthus alveolatus (Kunth) Kuijt
Oryctanthus amplexicaulis (Kunth) Eichler
Oryctanthus amplexicaulis (Kunth) Eichler = Oryctanthus alveolatus (Kunth) Kuijt

Reference: FP 1238: 391; Kuijt, J., 1976: 505; Kuijt, J., 1986: 120.
Oryctanthus archeri A.C. Sm.
Oryctanthus archeri A.C. Sm. = Cladocolea archeri (A.C. Sm.) Kuijt
Oryctanthus botryostachys Eichler
Oryctanthus botryostachys Eichler = Oryctanthus alveolatus (Kunth) Kuijt
Oryctanthus florulentus (Richard) Tiegh.
Oryctanthus florulentus (Richard) Tiegh.
Synonyms: Oryctanthus florulentus (Poepp. & Endl.) Eichler, Oryctanthus florulentus

Poepp. & Endl., Oryctanthus florulentus Richard
Reference: Flora Peru: 1238: 392; Kuijt, J., 1976: 515; Kuijt, J., 1986: 125.
Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests,
forests on white sand, riversides. 0-500 m.
Oryctanthus occidentalis (L.) Eichler
Oryctanthus occidentalis (L.) Eichler
Synonyms: Oryctanthus occidentalis L.

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
$
Oryctanthus ovalifolius (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F. Macbr.
Oryctanthus ovalifolius (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Oryctanthus ovalifolius (Ruiz & Pav.) G. Don, Oryctanthus ovalifolius

Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1238: 392; Kuijt, J., 1976: 480.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Note: Not reconfirmed. Kuijt (1976) is not convinced that this should remain in
Oryctanthus.
Oryctanthus ruficaulis (Poepp. & Endl.) Eichler
Oryctanthus ruficaulis (Poepp. & Endl.) Eichler = Oryctanthus florulentus (Richard)

Tiegh.
Oryctanthus spicatus (Jacq.) Eichler
Oryctanthus spicatus (Jacq.) Eichler
Synonyms: Oryctanthus spicatus (Jacq.) G. Don, Oryctanthus spicatus (Jacq.) Raf.,

Oryctanthus spicatus Jacq.
Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally
Oryza alta Swallen
Oryza alta Swallen

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 1000-3000
m.
Voucher: Barbour 4405 (F!)
Oryza grandiglumis (Döll) Prodoehl
Oryza grandiglumis (Döll) Prodoehl
Synonyms: Oryza grandiglumis Döll

Reference: Killeen, T. J., 1990: 166; Prodoehl, A., 1922: 233; Tovar, O., 1986: 54.

Oryza latifolia Desv.
Oryza latifolia Desv.
Synonyms: Oryza latifolia (Desv.) Döll

Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Amazonian: emergent, riversides, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: McDaniel et al. 24204 (MO!)
Oryza sativa L.
Oryza sativa L.

Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, seasonally
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Loreto.
$
Oryza sativa var. grandiglumis Döll
Oryza sativa var. grandiglumis Döll = Oryza grandiglumis (Döll) Prodoehl
Reference: Killeen, T. J., 1990: 166.
Oryza sativa var. latifolia (Desv.) Döll
Oryza sativa var. latifolia (Desv.) Döll = Oryza latifolia Desv.
Oryzopsis caespitosa var. peruviana Ball
Oryzopsis caespitosa var. peruviana Ball = Nassella pubiflora (Trin. & Rupr.) Desv.
Oryzopsis neesii Pilg.
Oryzopsis neesii Pilg. = Stipa obtusa (Nees & Meyen) Hitchc.
Oryzopsis panicoides (Lam.) Speg.
Oryzopsis panicoides (Lam.) Speg. = Piptochaetium panicoides (Lam.) Desv.
Reference: Rosengurtt, B., B. R. Arrillaga de Maffei & P. Izaguirre de Artuco,

1970: 64.
Oryzopsis rigidiseta Pilg.

Oryzopsis rigidiseta Pilg. = Stipa rigidiseta (Pilg.) Hitchc.
Osmhydrophora nocturna Barb. Rodr.
Osmhydrophora nocturna Barb. Rodr. = Tanaecium nocturnum (Barb. Rodr. ) Bureau & K.
Schum.
Osmorhiza brevistylis Wedd.
Osmorhiza brevistylis Wedd. = Osmorhiza mexicana subsp. mexicana
Osmorhiza mexicana Griseb.
Osmorhiza mexicana Griseb.
Osmorhiza mexicana subsp.mexicana
Osmorhiza mexicana subsp. mexicana
Synonyms: Osmorhiza mexicana mexicana (Griseb.) Rose, Osmorhiza mexicana mexicana

Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1293: 88; Lowry II, P. P. & A. J. Jones, 1984: 1158.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands, riversides. 2500-3500
m.
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Osmunda cicutaria Savigny
Osmunda cicutaria Savigny = ?
Osmunda cinnamomea L.
Osmunda cinnamomea L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 2132.

Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: seasonally inundated areas. 1000-2000 m.
Osmunda flexuosa Savigny
Osmunda flexuosa Savigny = ?
Osmunda hirsuta L.
Osmunda hirsuta L. = ?
Osmunda humilis Cav.
Osmunda humilis Cav. = ?
$
Osmunda oblongifolia Cav.
Osmunda oblongifolia Cav. = ?
Osmunda palustris Schrad.
Osmunda palustris Schrad. = ?
Osmunda phyllitidis L.
Osmunda phyllitidis L. = ?
Osmunda regalis subsp. palustris (Schrad.) á. Löve & D. Löve
Osmunda regalis subsp. palustris (Schrad.) á. Löve & D. Löve = ?
Osmunda regalis var.spectabilis (Willd.) A. Gray
Osmunda regalis var. spectabilis (Willd.) A. Gray
Synonyms: Osmunda regalis spectabilis Willd.

Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: seasonally inundated areas. 1000-2000 m.
$
Osmunda spectabilis Willd.
Osmunda spectabilis Willd. = Osmunda regalis L.
Osmunda virginiana L.
Osmunda virginiana L. = ?
Ossaea araneifera Markgr.
Ossaea araneifera Markgr.

Voucher: Rimachi 6949 (US!)
Ossaea boliviensis (Cogn.) Gleason
Ossaea boliviensis (Cogn.) Gleason
Synonyms: Ossaea boliviensis Cogn.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Ossaea bullifera (Pilg.) Gleason

Ossaea bullifera (Pilg.) Gleason
Synonyms: Ossaea bullifera Pilg.

Voucher: Ule 6202* (US!), Wallnofer 12-16388 (US!)
Ossaea capillaris (D. Don) Cogn.
Ossaea capillaris (D. Don) Cogn.
Synonyms: Ossaea capillaris D. Don, Ossaea capillaris Pav. ex D. Don

Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Allard 22079 (US!)
Martín, Tumbes.
Ossaea cucullata Gleason
Ossaea cucullata Gleason

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 518* (US!), Gentry et al. 21950 (US!)
Ossaea duckeana Harms.
Ossaea duckeana Harms.
Ossaea heteronervis (Naud.) Triana
Ossaea heteronervis (Naud.) Triana = Clidemia heteronervis (Naudin) Wurdack

$
Ossaea laxivenula Wurdack
Ossaea laxivenula Wurdack

Ossaea micrantha (Sw.) Macfad. ex Cogn.
Ossaea micrantha (Sw.) Macfad. ex Cogn.
Synonyms: Ossaea micrantha Sw.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: riversides. 1000-1500 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco.
Ossaea petiolaris (Naudin) Triana
Ossaea petiolaris (Naudin) Triana
Synonyms: Ossaea petiolaris Naudin

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Ule 6736* (US!), Metcalf 30652 (US!)
Departments: Loreto, Puno.
Ossaea quadrisulca (Naudin) Wurdack
Ossaea quadrisulca (Naudin) Wurdack
Synonyms: Ossaea quadrisulca Naudin, Ossaea quadrisulca Pilg.

Ossaea robusta (Triana) Cogn.
Ossaea robusta (Triana) Cogn.
Synonyms: Ossaea robusta Triana

Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (US), Foster 8640 (MO!)
Ossaea semijuga Gleason
Ossaea semijuga Gleason = Clidemia semijuga (Gleason) Wurdack
Osteomeles cuneata (Lindley) Decne.
Osteomeles cuneata (Lindley) Decne. = Hesperomeles cuneata Lindl.
Osteomeles escalloniaefolia Decne.
Osteomeles escalloniaefolia Decne. = Hesperomeles escalloniifolia (Schlechtendal)

C. Schneider
$
Osteomeles ferruginea Kunth
Osteomeles ferruginea Kunth = Hesperomeles lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Hook.
Osteomeles gayana Decne.
Osteomeles gayana Decne. = Hesperomeles gayana (Decne.) J.F. Macbr.
Osteomeles latifolia Kunth
Osteomeles latifolia Kunth = Hesperomeles latifolia (Kunth) M. Roem.
Osteomeles obovata Pittier
Osteomeles obovata Pittier = Hesperomeles heterophylla (Ruiz & Pav.) Hook.
Osteomeles pentlandiana Decne.
Osteomeles pentlandiana Decne. = Kageneckia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.
Osteomeles pernettyoides (Wedd.) Decne.
Osteomeles pernettyoides (Wedd.) Decne. = Hesperomeles pernettyoides Wedd.

Osteophloeum platyspermum (A. DC.) Warb.
Osteophloeum platyspermum (A. DC.) Warb.
Synonyms: Osteophloeum platyspermum A. DC.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1279: 775; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de
Ortega, 1989: 153.
Otholobium diffidens J.W. Grimes
Otholobium diffidens J.W. Grimes
Reference: Grimes, J. W., 1990: 31.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, forests. 3000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Núñez & Núñez 8196 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Otholobium glandulosum (L.) J.W. Grimes
Otholobium glandulosum (L.) J.W. Grimes
Synonyms: Otholobium glandulosum (L.) Kuntze, Otholobium glandulosum (L.) Rydb.,

Otholobium glandulosum L.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I, Coastal: riversides. 500-1500 m.
Voucher: Herb. Linnaeus s.n.* (LINN), "Brizer" [?] s.n. (GOET)
Otholobium mexicanum (L. f.) J.W. Grimes

Otholobium mexicanum (L. f.) J.W. Grimes
Synonyms: Otholobium mexicanum (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr., Otholobium mexicanum (L.
f.) Vail, Otholobium mexicanum (Vail) J.F. Macbr., Otholobium mexicanum Humb. &
Bonpl. ex Willd., Otholobium mexicanum J.F. Macbr., Otholobium mexicanum Kunth,
Otholobium mexicanum L. f., Otholobium mexicanum Vail
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-III: forests, shrublands. 1000-4000 m.
Voucher: Young & Eisenberg 919 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Lambayeque, La Libertad,
Piura, Puno.
Otholobium munyensis (J.F. Macbr.) J.W. Grimes
Otholobium munyensis (J.F. Macbr.) J.W. Grimes
Synonyms: Otholobium munyensis J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Macbride 3906* (F), Smith 11464 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, La
Libertad, Piura, Puno, San Martín.
Otholobium pubescens (Poir.) J.W. Grimes
Otholobium pubescens (Poir.) J.W. Grimes
Synonyms: Otholobium pubescens (Vogel) J.F. Macbr., Otholobium pubescens J.F.

Macbr., Otholobium pubescens J.F. Macbr., Otholobium pubescens J.F. Macbr.,
Otholobium pubescens Meyen, Otholobium pubescens Poir., Otholobium pubescens Rusby,
Otholobium pubescens Vogel
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Núñez & Vargas 9235 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica,
Junín, Lima, Tacna.
Otoba glycicarpa (Ducke) W. Rodrigues ined.
Otoba glycicarpa (Ducke) W. Rodrigues ined.

$
Otoba parvifolia (Markgr.) A.H. Gentry
Otoba parvifolia (Markgr.) A.H. Gentry
Synonyms: Otoba parvifolia A. DC., Otoba parvifolia Markgr.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas, terra
Voucher: Tessmann 3872* (MO!), Gentry et al. 65635 (MO!)
Martín, Ucayali.
Otoglossum brachypterum (Rchb. f.) Garay & Dunst.
Otoglossum brachypterum (Rchb. f.) Garay & Dunst.
Synonyms: Otoglossum brachypterum Rchb. f.

Otoglossum brevifolium (Lindl.) Garay & Dunst.
Otoglossum brevifolium (Lindl.) Garay & Dunst.
Synonyms: Otoglossum brevifolium Hort. ex Veitch, Otoglossum brevifolium Lindl.

Reference: Christenson, pers. comm.; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Otoglossum chiriquense (Veitch) Garay & Dunst.
Otoglossum chiriquense (Veitch) Garay & Dunst.
Synonyms: Otoglossum chiriquense (Rchb. f.) Veitch

$
Otoglossum weberbaueranum (Kraenzlin) Garay & Dunst.
Otoglossum weberbaueranum (Kraenzlin) Garay & Dunst.
Synonyms: Otoglossum weberbaueranum (Kraenzl.) C. Schweinf., Otoglossum

weberbaueranum (Kraenzl.) Kraenzl., Otoglossum weberbaueranum (Kraenzl.) Schltr.,
Otoglossum weberbaueranum Kraenzl.
Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Otopetalum tunguraguae F. Lehm. & Kraenzl.
Otopetalum tunguraguae F. Lehm. & Kraenzl. = Pleurothallis otopetalum (F.C. Lehm. &
Kraenzl.) Schltr.
Otostylis brachystalix (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Otostylis brachystalix (Rchb. f.) Schltr. = Otostylis lepida (Linden & Reichenbach
f.) Schltr.
Reference: FP 1510: 56; Romero, pers. comm..
Otostylis lepida (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Schltr.
Otostylis lepida (Linden & Reichenbach f.) Schltr.
Synonyms: Otostylis lepida (Rchb. f.) Schltr., Otostylis lepida Rchb. f.

Reference: Romero, pers. comm..
$
Ottonia carpunya (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.
Ottonia carpunya (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Piper carpunya Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: FP 1216: 146; Tebbs, M. C., 1990: 208.
Ottonia lessertiana Miq.
Ottonia lessertiana Miq. = Piper carpunya Ruiz & Pav.
Ouratea amplifolia Sleumer
Ouratea amplifolia Sleumer

Note: There are at least two additional nonidentified species of Ouratea from Peru
(Liesner, pers. comm.).
Voucher: Tessmann 4719* (B), Vásquez 13220 (MO!)
Ouratea aromatica J.F. Macbr.
Ouratea aromatica J.F. Macbr.

Note: There is an additional unidentified species close to this but with larger
leaves and smaller inflorescence. (Liesner, pers. comm.).
Voucher: Schunke 33* (F), Plowman 6856 (MO!)
Ouratea ferruginea Engl.

Ouratea ferruginea Engl.
Ouratea iquitosensis J.F. Macbr.
Ouratea iquitosensis J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas, terra
Note: This may intergrade with Ouratea williamsii Macbride or there may be an
additional species included under this name. (Liesner, pers. comm.).
Voucher: Williams 1498* (F), Ayala 3588 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
Ouratea killipii J.F. Macbr.
Ouratea killipii J.F. Macbr. = Ouratea pendula (Poeppig) Engl.
Ouratea oleosa J.F. Macbr.
Ouratea oleosa J.F. Macbr.

Note: This taxon may include more than one species. Compare also O. amplifolia
Sleumer (Liesner, pers. comm.).
Voucher: Klug 4295* (MO!), Asunción 248 (MO!)
Ouratea orbignyana (Tiegh.) Liesner
Ouratea orbignyana (Tiegh.) Liesner

Synonyms: Ouratea orbignyana Tiegh.
Ouratea pendula (Poeppig) Engl.
Ouratea pendula (Poeppig) Engl.
Synonyms: Ouratea pendula J.F. Macbr.

Note: Ouratea iquitosensis may prove to be a smaller-leaved variant of this
species.
Voucher: Poeppig 2027* (W), Huashikat 1176 (MO!)
Ouratea phaeophylla Sleumer
Ouratea phaeophylla Sleumer

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5629* (B), Wasshausen 691 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios.
Ouratea polyantha (Triana & Planch.) Engl.
Ouratea polyantha (Triana & Planch.) Engl.
Synonyms: Ouratea polyantha Triana & Planch.
Ouratea simulans S. Moore
Ouratea simulans S. Moore
Reference: Moore, S., 1895: 334.

Ouratea superba Engl.
Ouratea superba Engl.
Ouratea tarapotensis J.F. Macbr.
Ouratea tarapotensis J.F. Macbr.

Note: May not be distinct from Ouratea williamsii J. F. Macbride. (Liesner, pers.
comm.).
Voucher: Williams 5748* (F), Gentry 37727 (MO!)
Ouratea weberbaueri Sleumer
Ouratea weberbaueri Sleumer

Voucher: Weberbauer 4683* (B), Klug 3517 (MO!)
Ouratea williamsii J.F. Macbr.
Ouratea williamsii J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Williams 6707* (F), Berlin 1661 (MO!)
$
Ourisia biflora Wedd.
Ourisia biflora Wedd.

Ourisia chamaedrifolia Benth.
Ourisia chamaedrifolia Benth.
Ourisia chamaedryfolia var.chamaedryfolia
Ourisia chamaedryfolia var. chamaedryfolia

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3500- > 4500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco.
Ourisia chamaedryfolia var.elegans Wedd.
Ourisia chamaedryfolia var. elegans Wedd.

Ourisia muscosa Benth.
Ourisia muscosa Benth.

Ourisia pratioides Diels
Ourisia pratioides Diels

Ourouparia guianensis Aubl.
Ourouparia guianensis Aubl. = Uncaria guianensis (Aubl.) Gmelin
Ourouparia tomentosa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Schumann
Ourouparia tomentosa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Schumann = Uncaria tomentosa

(Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) DC.
Outea acaciifolia Benth.
Outea acaciifolia Benth. = Macrolobium acaciifolium (Benth.) Benth.
Outea multijuga DC.
Outea multijuga DC. = Macrolobium multijugum (DC.) Benth. var. multijugum

Oxalis acromelaena Diels
Oxalis acromelaena Diels
Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 554; Knuth, R., 1930: 260.

Oxalis adpressa R. Knuth
Oxalis adpressa R. Knuth
Synonyms: Oxalis adpressa R. Knuth

Note: Not known from Peru. Listed in the Flora of Peru as expected.
Oxalis aetheria J.F. Macbr.
Oxalis aetheria J.F. Macbr. = Oxalis nubigena Walpers
Oxalis amazonica Progel
Oxalis amazonica Progel = Oxalis barrelieri L.
$
Oxalis araucana Reiche
Oxalis araucana Reiche
Note: Not known from Peru. Treated as a synonym of Oxalis latifolia in the Flora
of Peru "at least as to Peru".
Oxalis arenaria Bertero ex Savi
Oxalis arenaria Bertero ex Savi
Synonyms: Oxalis arenaria (Bertero ex Savi) Kuntze, Oxalis arenaria Molina, Oxalis
arenaria R. Knuth
Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 555; Savi, G., 1832: 143.
Ecology. 2500-4000 m.
Note: The Flora of Peru uses an incorrect author citation.
Voucher: Soukup 1893
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Junín.
Oxalis arequipensis R. Knuth
Oxalis arequipensis R. Knuth = Oxalis megalorrhiza var. megalorrhiza
Reference: FP 643: 593; Knuth, R., 1930: 188.
Oxalis asplundii R. Knuth
Oxalis asplundii R. Knuth = Oxalis oreocharis Diels
Oxalis atroglandulosa R. Knuth
Oxalis atroglandulosa R. Knuth = Oxalis latifolia Kunth

Oxalis autumnalis Poepp. ex Progel
Oxalis autumnalis Poepp. ex Progel = Oxalis filiformis Kunth
Reference: Knuth, R., 1930: 166.
Oxalis barrelieri L.
Oxalis barrelieri L.
Synonyms: Oxalis barrelieri (L.) Small, Oxalis barrelieri (Progel) Kuntze, Oxalis
barrelieri Progel
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Kujikat 126 (MO!)
Oxalis bartolomensis R. Knuth
Oxalis bartolomensis R. Knuth

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: shrublands. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5296* (B), Pennell 14301
Departments: Lima, Moquegua.
Oxalis bifida Willd. ex Zucc.
Oxalis bifida Willd. ex Zucc. = Oxalis spiralis Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don
$
Oxalis bipartita A. St. Hilaire
Oxalis bipartita A. St. Hilaire
Synonyms: Oxalis bipartita (A. St. Hilaire) Kuntze

Note: Not known from Peru. (Lourteig, 1983: 126 and pers. comm.).
Oxalis bisfracta Turcz.
Oxalis bisfracta Turcz.
Synonyms: Oxalis bisfracta (Rusby) Holub, Oxalis bisfracta R. Knuth, Oxalis

bisfracta Rusby
Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 558; Eiten, G., 1963: 300.
Note: Not known from Peru. Included in the Flora of Peru in the discussion under
O. breviramulosa, as a related species.
Oxalis boliviana Britton
Oxalis boliviana Britton

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, riversides,
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco, San Martín.
Oxalis breviramulosa Rusby
Oxalis breviramulosa Rusby = Oxalis bisfracta Turcz.
Reference: FP 643: 557; Eiten, G., 1963: 300.

Note: NN
$
Oxalis buchtienii F. Bruns
Oxalis buchtienii F. Bruns = Oxalis sepalosa Diels
Oxalis bulbigera R. Knuth
Oxalis bulbigera R. Knuth
Synonyms: Oxalis bulbigera R. Knuth

Voucher: Weberbauer 5688* (B), Soukup 2126
Departments: Lima.
Oxalis calachacensis R. Knuth
Oxalis calachacensis R. Knuth
Reference: Eiten, G., 1963: 300.

Voucher: Núñez & Urrunaga 7664 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín, Puno.
Oxalis carminea R. Knuth
Oxalis carminea R. Knuth

Departments: Lima.
Oxalis carnosa Molina

Oxalis carnosa Molina = Oxalis magellanica G. Forster
Reference: FP 643: 574; Dandy, J. E. & D. P. Young, 1959: 174; Lourteig, A., 1988:
18.
Note: NN
Oxalis carnosa var. hirta R. Knuth
Oxalis carnosa var. hirta R. Knuth = Oxalis megalorrhiza var. hirta (R. Knuth) J.F.
Macbr.
Oxalis caucensis R. Knuth
Oxalis caucensis R. Knuth

Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 500-3000 m.
Voucher: Davidson 3428 (MO!)
Oxalis cernua Thunb.
Oxalis cernua Thunb. = Oxalis pes-caprae L.
Oxalis chasquiensis R. Knuth
Oxalis chasquiensis R. Knuth

Oxalis chosicensis R. Knuth
Oxalis chosicensis R. Knuth = Oxalis laxa var. hispidissima Barn.
Reference: FP 643: 576; Knuth, R., 1930: 125; Lourteig, A., 1988: 17.
Oxalis cinerea Zucc.
Oxalis cinerea Zucc.
Synonyms: Oxalis cinerea Zucc.

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (Hb. Sternberg), Hicken s.n.
Oxalis colquipatensis R. Knuth
Oxalis colquipatensis R. Knuth = Oxalis petrophila R. Knuth
Oxalis commersonii Pers.
Oxalis commersonii Pers. = Oxalis sexenata Savigny
Oxalis conorrhiza Jacq.

Oxalis conorrhiza Jacq. = Oxalis sexenata Savigny
Oxalis coralleoides R. Knuth
Oxalis coralleoides R. Knuth

Ecology. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Macbride 1060* (F), Herrera 2085
Oxalis cornellii Andersson
Oxalis cornellii Andersson
Synonyms: Oxalis cornellii Norlind, Oxalis cornellii R. Knuth, Oxalis cornellii R.

Knuth, Oxalis cornellii Standl. ex R. Knuth
Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 560; Svenson, H. K., 1946: 455.
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Mueller & Krebs 12168 (USM!)
Departments: Huancavelica, La Libertad, Piura.
Oxalis corniculata L.
Oxalis corniculata L.
Synonyms: Oxalis corniculata (L.) Small

Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 561; Lourteig, A., 1983: 64; Lourteig, A., 1988: 7.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 0-3500
m.
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima, Loreto, Pasco, Piura.
Oxalis corymbosa DC.

Oxalis corymbosa DC. = Oxalis debilis var. corymbosa (DC.) Lourteig
Oxalis crassicaulis Zucc.
Oxalis crassicaulis Zucc. = Oxalis tuberosa Molina
Oxalis crenata Jacq.
Oxalis crenata Jacq. = Oxalis tuberosa Molina
Oxalis cuzcensis R. Knuth
Oxalis cuzcensis R. Knuth
Synonyms: Oxalis cuzcensis R. Knuth

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6921* (B), Soukup 1038

Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, Puno.
Oxalis debilis Kunth
Oxalis debilis Kunth
Oxalis debilis var.corymbosa (DC.) Lourteig

Oxalis debilis var. corymbosa (DC.) Lourteig
Synonyms: Oxalis debilis corymbosa DC., Oxalis debilis corymbosa Zucc.

Departments: Lima, San Martín.
Oxalis dendroides Kunth
Oxalis dendroides Kunth = Biophytum dendroides (Kunth) DC.

Note: NN
Oxalis distincta R. Knuth
Oxalis distincta R. Knuth

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 1000-2000 m.
Oxalis dolichopoda Diels
Oxalis dolichopoda Diels

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II: forests, shrublands. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3707* (B), Pennell 14107
Oxalis dombeii A. St.-Hil.

Oxalis dombeii A. St.-Hil.

Ecology: Native subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: cloud forests, disturbed
areas, lomas, rocky slopes. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Sagástegui & López 7842 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Tacna,
Tumbes.
Oxalis elegans Kunth
Oxalis elegans Kunth

Note: Not known from Peru. , but expected. , but expected.
Oxalis eriolepis Wedd.
Oxalis eriolepis Wedd.

Ecology. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Herrera s.n.
Oxalis excisa Progel
Oxalis excisa Progel = Oxalis ortgiesii Regel
Oxalis filiformis Kunth

Oxalis filiformis Kunth
Synonyms: Oxalis filiformis (DC.) Holub, Oxalis filiformis (DC.) Kuntze, Oxalis
filiformis (Kunth) Holub, Oxalis filiformis DC., Oxalis filiformis Kunth, Oxalis
filiformis Poepp. ex Progel, Oxalis filiformis Willd. ex Zucc.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas. 3500-4000 m.
Note: Included in the Flora of Peru as a note under O. corniculata.
Voucher: Pennell 13399
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Lima, Puno.
Oxalis fritillariiformis R. Knuth
Oxalis fritillariiformis R. Knuth = Oxalis leptopodes G. Don
Oxalis frutescens R. & P. ex G. Don, hom. illeg.
Oxalis frutescens R. & P. ex G. Don, hom. illeg. = Oxalis spruceana Progel
Oxalis fruticetorum Diels
Oxalis fruticetorum Diels = Oxalis lotoides Kunth
Oxalis fruticosa R. Knuth
Oxalis fruticosa R. Knuth = Oxalis peruviana Norlind
$
Oxalis geminata Hook. & Arn.
Oxalis geminata Hook. & Arn. = Oxalis squamata Zucc.
Reference: Knuth, R., 1930: 127; Lourteig, A., 1988: 26.

Note: NN
Oxalis guaquiensis R. Knuth
Oxalis guaquiensis R. Knuth = Oxalis bisfracta Turcz.

Note: NN
Oxalis haenkeana Sprengel
Oxalis haenkeana Sprengel = Oxalis melilotoides Zucc.
Oxalis haenkeana var. peruviana Walpers
Oxalis haenkeana var. peruviana Walpers = Oxalis peduncularis var. peduncularis
Oxalis haenkeana Zucc.
Oxalis haenkeana Zucc. = Oxalis cinerea Zucc.
Oxalis haughtii R. Knuth

Oxalis haughtii R. Knuth = Oxalis cornellii Andersson
Oxalis herrerae R. Knuth
Oxalis herrerae R. Knuth

Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, riversides. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Herrera 1757* (B), Hutchison 1805 (MO!, USM!)
Oxalis hirtella Willd. ex Zucc.
Oxalis hirtella Willd. ex Zucc. = Oxalis filiformis Kunth
Oxalis hochreutineri J.F. Macbr.
Oxalis hochreutineri J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Oxalis hochreutineri R. Knuth

Departments: Lima.
Oxalis huantensis R. Knuth
Oxalis huantensis R. Knuth

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Oxalis hypopilina Diels
Oxalis hypopilina Diels

Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean I: desert, rocky slopes. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4796* (G photo F!), Smith 6181 (MO!)
Oxalis inflata R. Knuth
Oxalis inflata R. Knuth = Oxalis pickeringii A. Gray
Oxalis insipida A. St. Hilaire
Oxalis insipida A. St. Hilaire
Synonyms: Oxalis insipida (A. St. Hilaire) Kuntze

Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests, rocky
slopes. 500-1500 m.
Note: Lourteig, in annotations at MO, treats this as an unpublished subspecies of
Oxalis psoraleoides.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lambayeque, Piura, San Martín,
Tumbes.
$
Oxalis integra R. Knuth
Oxalis integra R. Knuth

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, lomas, riversides.
2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Mathews 3015 (G photo MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Piura.
Oxalis jasminifolia Norlind
Oxalis jasminifolia Norlind
Reference: Norlind, V., 1926: 11.

Ecology. 1000-2500 m.
Oxalis juninensis R. Knuth
Oxalis juninensis R. Knuth

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. Specific epithet also spelled
"iuninensis".
Oxalis juruensis Diels
Oxalis juruensis Diels
Synonyms: Oxalis juruensis Progel

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Ule 6714
Oxalis latifolia Kunth
Oxalis latifolia Kunth
Synonyms: Oxalis latifolia (Kunth) Rose, Oxalis latifolia R. Knuth

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas, rocky slopes.
0-4000 m.
Voucher: Núñez & Bengoa 8651 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Arequipa, Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima.
Oxalis laxa Hook. & Arn.
Oxalis laxa Hook. & Arn.
Oxalis laxa var.hispidissima Barn.
Oxalis laxa var. hispidissima Barn.
Synonyms: Oxalis laxa hispidissima R. Knuth, Oxalis laxa var. hispidissima R. Knuth
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Lima.
Oxalis laxa var.laxa
Oxalis laxa var. laxa

Note: Reported by Lourteig as from Peru, but no voucher cited.
$
Oxalis laxa var. rigida Barn.
Oxalis laxa var. rigida Barn. = Oxalis san-romanii Philippi
Oxalis lechleri R. Knuth
Oxalis lechleri R. Knuth = Oxalis phaeotricha Diels
Oxalis ledigii R. Knuth
Oxalis ledigii R. Knuth = Oxalis paucartambensis R. Knuth
Oxalis leptopodes G. Don
Oxalis leptopodes G. Don
Synonyms: Oxalis leptopodes R. Knuth

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Herb. Lambert s.n.* (OXF), Schunke 10400 (MO!)
Oxalis lespedezioides G. Don
Oxalis lespedezioides G. Don
Synonyms: Oxalis lespedezioides, Oxalis lespedezioides (Progel) Kuntze, Oxalis

lespedezioides Progel, nom. superfl., Oxalis lespedezioides Ruiz ex R. Knuth
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: beach, disturbed areas,
forests, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Herb. Lambert s.n.* (OXF), Knapp & Alcorn 7313 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Oxalis lomana Diels
Oxalis lomana Diels
Oxalis lomana var.glabrescens R. Knuth
Oxalis lomana var. glabrescens R. Knuth

Voucher: Woitschach 13* (B), Woitschach 15 (B)
Departments: Tacna.
Oxalis lomana var. hirsuta R. Knuth
Oxalis lomana var. hirsuta R. Knuth = Oxalis lomana var. lomana
Oxalis lomana var.lomana
Oxalis lomana var. lomana
Synonyms: Oxalis lomana var. lomana R. Knuth

Voucher: Weberbauer 1480* (B), Worth & Morrison 15756 (MO!)
$
Oxalis longicalyculata R. Knuth
Oxalis longicalyculata R. Knuth = Oxalis petrophila R. Knuth
Oxalis longissima (Kuntze) Schumann
Oxalis longissima (Kuntze) Schumann
Synonyms: Oxalis longissima Kuntze

Ecology: Native herb, vine. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, elfin
forests. 2000-3000 m.
Oxalis lotoides Kunth
Oxalis lotoides Kunth
Synonyms: Oxalis lotoides (H.B.K.) Kuntze, Oxalis lotoides (Kunth) Holub, Oxalis
lotoides Benth., Oxalis lotoides Diels
Ecology. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 660 (USM!)
Oxalis lucumayensis R. Knuth
Oxalis lucumayensis R. Knuth

Ecology. 1500-3500 m.
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1351* (US)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Oxalis macbridei R. Knuth
Oxalis macbridei R. Knuth

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Macbride 5089* (F), Mexia 8295-a (UC)
Oxalis machupicchuensis R. Knuth
Oxalis machupicchuensis R. Knuth = Oxalis san-miguelii R. Knuth
Oxalis magellanica G. Forster
Oxalis magellanica G. Forster
Synonyms: Oxalis magellanica Molina

Oxalis marcapatensis R. Knuth
Oxalis marcapatensis R. Knuth

Departments: Cuzco.
$
$
Oxalis martiana Zucc.
Oxalis martiana Zucc. = Oxalis debilis var. corymbosa (DC.) Lourteig
Oxalis mathewsii R. Knuth
Oxalis mathewsii R. Knuth
Synonyms: Oxalis mathewsii R. Knuth

Note: Treatment based on annotations of Lourteig (at MO).
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (G), Weberbauer 7639 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Tumbes.
Oxalis medicaginea Kunth
Oxalis medicaginea Kunth
Synonyms: Oxalis medicaginea (H.B.K.) Kuntze

Voucher: Dillon & Turner 1660 (USM!)
Oxalis megalorrhiza Jacq.
Oxalis megalorrhiza Jacq.
$
Oxalis megalorrhiza var.hirta (R. Knuth) J.F. Macbr.
Oxalis megalorrhiza var. hirta (R. Knuth) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Oxalis megalorrhiza var. hirta R. Knuth

Voucher: Johnston 6291*
Oxalis megalorrhiza var.megalorrhiza
Oxalis megalorrhiza var. megalorrhiza
Synonyms: Oxalis megalorrhiza megalorrhiza (Jacq.) Kuntze, Oxalis megalorrhiza

megalorrhiza R. Knuth, Oxalis megalorrhiza megalorrhiza R. Knuth
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II, Coastal: disturbed areas, dry valleys,
elfin forests, grasslands, lomas, shrublands, rocky slopes. 0-3000 m.
Note: See Dandy & Young (1959) for an explanation of the history of this name.
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Huánuco, Lima, Tacna.
Oxalis melilotoides Zucc.
Oxalis melilotoides Zucc.
Synonyms: Oxalis melilotoides (Zucc.) Kuntze, Oxalis melilotoides Sprengel

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (M photo F!), Smith & Canne 5820 (MO!)
Oxalis micrantha Bertero ex Colla
Oxalis micrantha Bertero ex Colla = Oxalis micrantha var. micrantha

$
Oxalis micrantha Bertero ex Savi
Oxalis micrantha Bertero ex Savi
Oxalis micrantha var. major R. Knuth
Oxalis micrantha var. major R. Knuth = Oxalis micrantha var. micrantha
Oxalis micrantha var.micrantha
Oxalis micrantha var. micrantha
Synonyms: Oxalis micrantha micrantha (Bertero ex Colla) Holub, Oxalis micrantha

micrantha (Bertero ex Savi) Kuntze, Oxalis micrantha micrantha Bertero ex Colla,
Oxalis micrantha var. micrantha R. Knuth
Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 576; Savi, G., 1832: 145; Lourteig, A., 1988: 20.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 500-3500
m.
Note: The Flora of Peru uses an incorrect author citation.
Voucher: Cerrate 820 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lima, Moquegua.
Oxalis micrantha var. setifera R. Knuth
Oxalis micrantha var. setifera R. Knuth = Oxalis laxa var. hispidissima Barn.
Reference: FP 643: 576; Knuth, R., 1930: 122; Lourteig, A., 1988: 17.
Note: NN
Oxalis microbolba R. Knuth

Oxalis microbolba R. Knuth = Oxalis bulbigera R. Knuth
Oxalis microcarpa Benth.
Oxalis microcarpa Benth.

Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1000 m.
Note: Mentioned in the Flora of Peru in the discussion under O. juruensis.
Voucher: Dillon & Turner 1449 (MO!)
Oxalis microphylla Kunth
Oxalis microphylla Kunth = Oxalis filiformis Kunth
Oxalis minima R. & P. ex G. Don
Oxalis minima R. & P. ex G. Don
Synonyms: Oxalis minima R. Knuth

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Note: It is assumed here, as in the Flora of Peru, that Knuth's Peruvian citations
for O. philippii (1930) are actually O. minima.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Tiller 9 (USM!)
Departments: Huancavelica, Junín, La Libertad, Lima.
Oxalis modestior R. Knuth
Oxalis modestior R. Knuth

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Herrera 3121* (US), West 8093
Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica, La Libertad.
Oxalis mollis Kunth
Oxalis mollis Kunth
Oxalis mollis var.glandulosa R. Knuth
Oxalis mollis var. glandulosa R. Knuth

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Macbride 4311* , Macbride 4091
Oxalis mollis var.mollis
Oxalis mollis var. mollis
Synonyms: Oxalis mollis mollis (H.B.K.) Kuntze

Oxalis mollissima (Rusby) R. Knuth
Oxalis mollissima (Rusby) R. Knuth
Synonyms: Oxalis mollissima Rusby

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, elfin forests. 1000-3000 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín.
Oxalis moqueguensis R. Knuth
Oxalis moqueguensis R. Knuth

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7255* (F), Weberbauer 7309 (F)
Oxalis nubigena Walpers
Oxalis nubigena Walpers
Synonyms: Oxalis nubigena A. Gray, Oxalis nubigena J.F. Macbr., Oxalis nubigena R.
Knuth
2500-4500 m.
Voucher: Meyen s.n.* , Vargas 8481 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, Puno.
Oxalis ollantaytambensis R. Knuth
Oxalis ollantaytambensis R. Knuth = Oxalis cuzcensis R. Knuth
Oxalis oreocharis Diels
Oxalis oreocharis Diels
Synonyms: Oxalis oreocharis R. Knuth

Ecology. 2500-4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2493* (B), Weberbauer 2625 (B)
Oxalis ornata Philippi
Oxalis ornata Philippi

Note: Not known from Peru. Included in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of O.
solarensis "at least as to Peru".
Oxalis ortgiesii Regel
Oxalis ortgiesii Regel
Synonyms: Oxalis ortgiesii (Progel) Kuntze, Oxalis ortgiesii (Regel) Holub, Oxalis
ortgiesii (Regel) Kuntze, Oxalis ortgiesii Progel, Oxalis ortgiesii R. Knuth
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, riversides.
0-2000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto,
Oxalis ovalis Ruiz ex R. Knuth
Oxalis ovalis Ruiz ex R. Knuth = Oxalis lespedezioides G. Don
Oxalis pachyrrhiza Wedd.
Oxalis pachyrrhiza Wedd.

Voucher: Weddell s.n.* , Woytkowski 34261 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima, Puno.
Oxalis papilionacea Hoffmannsegg ex Zuccarini
Oxalis papilionacea Hoffmannsegg ex Zuccarini = Oxalis triangularis subsp.

papilionacea (Hoffmannsegg ex Zuccarini) Lourteig

Note: NN
Oxalis parvifolia DC.
Oxalis parvifolia DC. = Oxalis filiformis Kunth
Reference: FP 643: 582; Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada, 1985: 56.
Oxalis parvifolia var. pluriflora R. Knuth
Oxalis parvifolia var. pluriflora R. Knuth = Oxalis adpressa R. Knuth

Note: NN
Oxalis patula R. Knuth
Oxalis patula R. Knuth = Oxalis hochreutineri J.F. Macbr.
Oxalis paucartambensis R. Knuth

Oxalis paucartambensis R. Knuth
Synonyms: Oxalis paucartambensis R. Knuth

Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Note: Closely related to and possibly synonymous with O. peduncularis.
Voucher: Herrera 1390* (US), Ledig 53 (US)
Oxalis pavonii G. Don
Oxalis pavonii G. Don

Voucher: Hb. Lambert s.n.*
Oxalis peduncularis Kunth
Oxalis peduncularis Kunth
Oxalis peduncularis var.peduncularis
Oxalis peduncularis var. peduncularis
Synonyms: Oxalis peduncularis peduncularis (H.B.K.) Kuntze, Oxalis peduncularis

var. peduncularis Walpers
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean I-III: disturbed areas, forests, shrublands,
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Huancavelica, Junín, Lambayeque, Lima, Pasco, Piura, Puno.
Oxalis peduncularis var.pilosa Hieron.

Oxalis peduncularis var. pilosa Hieron.
Reference: Hieronymus, G., 1895: 33.

Oxalis peruviana Norlind
Oxalis peruviana Norlind
Synonyms: Oxalis peruviana R. Knuth

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 500-1500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5746* (B), Ferreyra 5453 (USM!)
Oxalis peruviana Standl. ex R. Knuth
Oxalis peruviana Standl. ex R. Knuth = Oxalis cornellii Andersson
Oxalis pes-caprae L.
Oxalis pes-caprae L.
Synonyms: Oxalis pes-caprae Thunb.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0- >
4500 m.
Voucher: Kalenborn 180 (MO!)
Departments: Junín, Lima, Tacna.
Oxalis petrophila R. Knuth

Oxalis petrophila R. Knuth
Synonyms: Oxalis petrophila R. Knuth, Oxalis petrophila R. Knuth

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands.
2500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6918* (B), West 7053 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín.
Oxalis phaeotricha Diels
Oxalis phaeotricha Diels
Synonyms: Oxalis phaeotricha (Diels) Holub, Oxalis phaeotricha R. Knuth, Oxalis

phaeotricha R. Knuth
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: forests, grasslands, shrublands. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2486* , Lechler 2708
Oxalis phaeotricha var. glabra R. Knuth
Oxalis phaeotricha var. glabra R. Knuth = Oxalis phaeotricha Diels
Oxalis philippii R. Knuth
Oxalis philippii R. Knuth
Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 576, 585; Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada, 1985: 56.
Note: Not known from Peru. In the Flora of Peru this taxon is treated both as a
distinct species and as a synonym of O. minima "at least as to Peru". Knuth (1930)
citations from Peru are referred to O. minima.
Oxalis picchensis R. Knuth

Oxalis picchensis R. Knuth

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m.
Note: Lorteig annotated the MO sheet of Vargas 760 (cited in the Flora of Peru as
Oxalis picchensis) as a new and unpublished species.
Voucher: Herrera 2806* (B), Vargas 760 (MO!)
Oxalis pichinchensis Benth.
Oxalis pichinchensis Benth. = Oxalis lotoides Kunth
Oxalis pickeringii A. Gray
Oxalis pickeringii A. Gray
Synonyms: Oxalis pickeringii R. Knuth

Voucher: Wilkes Exped. s.n.* (US), Weberbauer 5383 (B)
Oxalis poeppigii var. canescens Progel
Oxalis poeppigii var. canescens Progel = Oxalis juruensis Diels
Oxalis poeppigii var. poeppigii
Oxalis poeppigii var. poeppigii = Oxalis lespedezioides G. Don

$
Oxalis poeppigii var. segetalis Progel, nom. superfl.
Oxalis poeppigii var. segetalis Progel, nom. superfl. = Oxalis lespedezioides G.

Don
Oxalis poeppigii Zucc.
Oxalis poeppigii Zucc. = ?
Oxalis polyantha var. peruviana Walpers
Oxalis polyantha var. peruviana Walpers = Oxalis squamata Zucc.

Note: NN
Oxalis polyantha var. polyantha
Oxalis polyantha var. polyantha = Oxalis squamata Zucc.

Note: NN
Oxalis polyantha Walpers
Oxalis polyantha Walpers = ?
Oxalis polyrhiza R. Knuth

Oxalis polyrhiza R. Knuth

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Oxalis pseudoarenaria R. Knuth
Oxalis pseudoarenaria R. Knuth = Oxalis arenaria Bertero ex Savi
Oxalis pseudolobata R. Knuth
Oxalis pseudolobata R. Knuth

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. Possibly conspecific with O.
punensis.
Voucher: Herrera 1398 p.p.* (US)
Departments: Cuzco.
Oxalis psoraleoides Kunth
Oxalis psoraleoides Kunth
Synonyms: Oxalis psoraleoides (Kunth) Kuntze

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-II: elfin forests, shrublands. 500-2500 m.
Oxalis ptychoclada Diels

Oxalis ptychoclada Diels

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, dry valleys, rocky slopes.
2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2357* (B), Gentry & Prance 16431 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín.
Oxalis puberula Philippi
Oxalis puberula Philippi = Oxalis san-romanii Philippi
Reference: FP 643: 589; Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada, 1985: 56; Lourteig, A., 1988:
24.
Note: NN nom. illeg.
Oxalis pubescens Kunth
Oxalis pubescens Kunth = Oxalis spiralis Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don
Oxalis punensis R. Knuth
Oxalis punensis R. Knuth
Synonyms: Oxalis punensis R. Knuth

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Shepard 69* (GH), Weberbauer 7808
$
Oxalis pygmaea A. Gray
Oxalis pygmaea A. Gray = Oxalis nubigena Walpers
Oxalis quispicanchensis R. Knuth
Oxalis quispicanchensis R. Knuth = Oxalis punensis R. Knuth
Oxalis raimondii R. Knuth
Oxalis raimondii R. Knuth = Oxalis ortgiesii Regel
Oxalis ramulosa R. Knuth
Oxalis ramulosa R. Knuth = Oxalis cornellii Andersson
Reference: FP 643: 560; Svenson, H. K., 1946: 455.
Oxalis regnellii Miq.
Oxalis regnellii Miq. = Oxalis triangularis subsp. papilionacea (Hoffmannsegg ex

Zuccarini) Lourteig

Note: NN (Lourteig, pers. comm.).
Oxalis rigida (Barn.) Lourteig

Oxalis rigida (Barn.) Lourteig = Oxalis san-romanii Philippi
Oxalis rigidicaulis R. Knuth
Oxalis rigidicaulis R. Knuth

Voucher: Killip & Smith 25873* (US), Woytkowski 297
Oxalis rufescens Turcz.
Oxalis rufescens Turcz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 643: 582; Eiten, G., 1963: 300.

Note: Not known from Peru. Treated in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of O.
parvifolia "at least as to Peru." Watkins s.n. cited by Knuth (1930) is probably
O. filiformis.
Oxalis ruizii R. Knuth
Oxalis ruizii R. Knuth = Oxalis minima R. & P. ex G. Don

Note: nom. superfl.
Oxalis san-miguelii R. Knuth

Oxalis san-miguelii R. Knuth
Synonyms: Oxalis san-miguelii R. Knuth

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, rocky slopes.
1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Herrera 2044* (F), Núñez 8621 (MO!)
Oxalis san-romanii Philippi
Oxalis san-romanii Philippi
Synonyms: Oxalis san-romanii (Barn.) Lourteig, Oxalis san-romanii Barn., Oxalis

san-romanii Philippi
Note: Not known from Peru. This name has priority over O. rigida, the name used
by Lourteig (1988b).
Oxalis sepalosa Diels
Oxalis sepalosa Diels
Synonyms: Oxalis sepalosa F. Bruns

Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: lomas, shrublands. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1519* (B), Worth & Morrison 15669
Oxalis sepium var. glandulifera Norlind
Oxalis sepium var. glandulifera Norlind = Oxalis cornellii Andersson
Reference: FP 643: 560; Svenson, H. K., 1946: 455.
$
Oxalis sexenata Savigny
Oxalis sexenata Savigny
Synonyms: Oxalis sexenata (Zucc.) Holub, Oxalis sexenata Jacq., Oxalis sexenata
Pers., Oxalis sexenata Zucc.
Reference: Eiten, G., 1963: 299; Lourteig, A., 1983: 60.
Note: This name has priority over O. conorrhiza (used by Lourteig, 1988b). It is
included for Peru based on Haenke s.n. (the type of O. sternbergii). Eiten (1963),
while treating O. sternbergii as a synonym of O. sexenata, does not cite this taxon
from Peru. Lourteig (1983) excludes the true O. sternbergii from synonymy of O.
conorrhiza, and does not include Peru in the distribution (Lourteig, pers. comm.).
Voucher: Haenke s.n.
Oxalis solarensis R. Knuth
Oxalis solarensis R. Knuth = Oxalis megalorrhiza var. megalorrhiza
Oxalis somnians C. Martius & Zuccarini ex Zuccarini
Oxalis somnians C. Martius & Zuccarini ex Zuccarini = Biophytum somnians (C.

Martius & Zuccarini ex Zuccarini) R. Knuth
Oxalis spiralis Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don
Oxalis spiralis Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don
Synonyms: Oxalis spiralis (Ruiz & Pav. ex G. Don) Holub, Oxalis spiralis Kunth,
Oxalis spiralis Willd. ex Zucc.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes. 1500-
> 4500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* , Díaz 1990 (MO!)
Junín, Lima, Pasco, Piura, Puno.
$
Oxalis spruceana Progel
Oxalis spruceana Progel
Synonyms: Oxalis spruceana R. & P. ex G. Don, hom. illeg., Oxalis spruceana R.

Knuth
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 3919* (G photo F!), Vargas 1437 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, San Martín.
Oxalis squamata Zucc.
Oxalis squamata Zucc.
Synonyms: Oxalis squamata, Oxalis squamata (Walpers) Kuntze, Oxalis squamata Hook.
& Arn., Oxalis squamata Walpers
Note: Not known from Peru. The type of O. polyantha var. peruviana is actually
from Chile (Lourteig, pers. comm.).
Oxalis staffordiana R. Knuth
Oxalis staffordiana R. Knuth

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Stafford s.n.* (K)
Departments: Cuzco.
Oxalis sternbergii Zucc.
Oxalis sternbergii Zucc. = Oxalis sexenata Savigny

Reference: FP 643: 595; Eiten, G., 1963: 300; Lourteig, A., 1983: 61.
Oxalis subintegra R. Knuth
Oxalis subintegra R. Knuth

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests, shrublands. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6092* (B), Woytkowski 6945 (MO!)

Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Piura.
Oxalis sublignosa R. Knuth
Oxalis sublignosa R. Knuth = Oxalis spruceana Progel
Oxalis tabaconasensis R. Knuth
Oxalis tabaconasensis R. Knuth

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: grasslands, rocky slopes. 500-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6305* (B), Wurdack 1099 (USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Ucayali.
Oxalis teneriensis R. Knuth
Oxalis teneriensis R. Knuth

Ecology. 1500-3000 m.
Voucher: Núñez & Bengoa 8715 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica.
$
Oxalis tessmannii R. Knuth
Oxalis tessmannii R. Knuth

Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: forests, rocky
slopes, seasonally inundated areas. 0-3500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 4484* (B), Stein et al. 3889 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Lima, Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
Oxalis triangularis A. St.-Hilaire
Oxalis triangularis A. St.-Hilaire
Oxalis triangularis subsp.papilionacea (Hoffmannsegg ex Zuccarini) Lourteig
Oxalis triangularis subsp. papilionacea (Hoffmannsegg ex Zuccarini) Lourteig
Synonyms: Oxalis triangularis papilionacea (Miquel) Kuntze, Oxalis triangularis

papilionacea Hoffmannsegg ex Zuccarini, Oxalis triangularis papilionacea Miq.
Reference: Lourteig, A., 1983: 101; Lourteig, pers. comm..
Note: Not known from Peru. (Lourteig, pers. comm.)
Oxalis tuberosa Molina
Oxalis tuberosa Molina
Synonyms: Oxalis tuberosa (Molina) Holub, Oxalis tuberosa (Molina) Kuntze, Oxalis
tuberosa Jacq., Oxalis tuberosa Zucc.
Ecology: Native herb, epiphytic herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, riversides,
Junín, Lima, Puno.
$
Oxalis tumbezensis R. Knuth
Oxalis tumbezensis R. Knuth = Oxalis mathewsii R. Knuth
Oxalis urubambensis R. Knuth
Oxalis urubambensis R. Knuth

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Oxalis velutina Diels
Oxalis velutina Diels

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: shrublands. 1000-1500 m.
Oxalis villosula R. Knuth
Oxalis villosula R. Knuth

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Oxalis weberbaueri Diels
Oxalis weberbaueri Diels

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands, rocky slopes.
2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3205* (B), Weberbauer 6023
Departments: Ancash, Piura.
Oxalis williamsii R. Knuth
Oxalis williamsii R. Knuth

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. The specimens listed here were
cited in the Flora of Peru and have not been relocated.
Voucher: Williams 7751* , Williams 7204
Oxalis xerophyton R. Knuth
Oxalis xerophyton R. Knuth

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Departments: Ica.
Oxalis yauliensis R. Knuth
Oxalis yauliensis R. Knuth = Oxalis nubigena Walpers

$
Oxandra acuminata Diels
Oxandra acuminata Diels

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1897* (B), Croat 19729 (MO!)
Oxandra aromatica Triana & Planch.
Oxandra aromatica Triana & Planch. = Oxandra espintana (Spruce ex Benth.) Baill.
Oxandra espintana (Spruce ex Benth.) Baill.
Oxandra espintana (Spruce ex Benth.) Baill.
Synonyms: Oxandra espintana (Triana & Planchon) Britton, Oxandra espintana Rusby,
Oxandra espintana Spruce ex Benth., Oxandra espintana Triana & Planch.
Voucher: Spruce 4920* (K), Maas et al. 5955 (MO!)
Oxandra euneura Diels
Oxandra euneura Diels

Voucher: Tessmann 5320* (B), Vásquez et al. 6009 (MO!)
$
Oxandra macrophylla R.E. Fr.
Oxandra macrophylla R.E. Fr.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 28752* (B), Gentry et al. 43116 (MO!)
Oxandra mediocris Diels
Oxandra mediocris Diels

Oxandra ovata Rusby
Oxandra ovata Rusby = Oxandra espintana (Spruce ex Benth.) Baill.
Oxandra pachypetala Diels
Oxandra pachypetala Diels = Anaxagorea pachypetala (Diels) R.E. Fr.
Reference: FP 1277: 748; Maas, P. J. M. & L. Y. Th. Westra, 1985: 162.
Oxandra polyantha R.E. Fr.

Oxandra polyantha R.E. Fr.

Oxandra riedeliana R.E. Fr.
Oxandra riedeliana R.E. Fr.

Oxandra sphaerocarpa R.E. Fr.
Oxandra sphaerocarpa R.E. Fr.

Voucher: Williams 475* (F), Rimachi 271 (MO!)
Oxandra weberbaueri Diels
Oxandra weberbaueri Diels
Oxandra xylopioides Diels
Oxandra xylopioides Diels

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tessman 4572* (B photo MO!), Ayala 2266 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.
Oxybaphus campestris Griseb.
Oxybaphus campestris Griseb. = Mirabilis ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meigen
Oxybaphus chilensis Steud.
Oxybaphus chilensis Steud. = Mirabilis ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meigen
Oxybaphus elegans Choisy
Oxybaphus elegans Choisy = Mirabilis elegans (Choisy) Heimerl
Oxybaphus expansus (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Oxybaphus expansus (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Mirabilis expansa (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.
Oxybaphus micranthus Choisy
Oxybaphus micranthus Choisy = Mirabilis prostrata (Ruiz & Pav.) Heimerl

$
Oxybaphus ovatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Oxybaphus ovatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Mirabilis ovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meigen
Oxybaphus prostratus (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Oxybaphus prostratus (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Mirabilis prostrata (Ruiz & Pav.) Heimerl
Oxybaphus viscosus (Cav.) L'Her. ex Choisy
Oxybaphus viscosus (Cav.) L'Her. ex Choisy = Mirabilis viscosa Cav.
Oxycaryum cubense (Poepp. & Kunth) Lye
Oxycaryum cubense (Poepp. & Kunth) Lye
Synonyms: Oxycaryum cubense Poepp. & Kunth

Reference: Lye, K. A., 1971: 282.
Ecology: Native aquatic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: bogs,
disturbed areas, shrublands. 0-3500 m.
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 22368 (IBE!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Tumbes.
Oxychloe andina Phillippi
Oxychloe andina Phillippi

Synonyms: Oxychloe andina (Phillippi) Bentham & Hooker
Voucher: Tovar et al. 9616 (USM!)
Oxygraphis breviscapa Prantl
Oxygraphis breviscapa Prantl = Ranunculus breviscapus DC.
Oxygraphis cymbalaria (Pursh) Prantl
Oxygraphis cymbalaria (Pursh) Prantl = Ranunculus cymbalaria Pursh
Oxygraphis nubigenus (Kunth ex DC.) Prantl
Oxygraphis nubigenus (Kunth ex DC.) Prantl = Ranunculus nubigenus Kunth ex DC.
Oxymeris cuspidata Triana
Oxymeris cuspidata Triana = ?

Note: NN
Oxymeris glandulifera Triana

Oxymeris glandulifera Triana = Leandra glandulifera (Triana) Cogn.
Oxypetalum albiflorum Decne.
Oxypetalum albiflorum Decne.
Synonyms: Oxypetalum albiflorum (Decne.) Kuntze
Oxypetalum berterianum Spreng.
Oxypetalum berterianum Spreng. = Tassadia berteriana (Spreng.) W.D. Stevens
Reference: Stevens, W. D., 1988: 335.
Oxypetalum cordifolium (Vent.) Schltr.
Oxypetalum cordifolium (Vent.) Schltr.
Synonyms: Oxypetalum cordifolium Vent.

Reference: Spellman, D. L., 1975: 115.
Oxypetalum dombeyanum Decne.
Oxypetalum dombeyanum Decne.
Synonyms: Oxypetalum dombeyanum (Decne.) Kuntze
Oxypetalum weberbaueri Schltr.

Oxypetalum weberbaueri Schltr.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 666* (B), Weberbauer 2009* (B)
Oxystelma solanoides (Kunth) K. Schum.
Oxystelma solanoides (Kunth) K. Schum. = Sarcostemma solanoides (Kunth) Decne.
Reference: Holm, R. W., 1950: 545.
Oxythece ferreirii Cronquist
Oxythece ferreirii Cronquist = Elaeoluma glabrescens (C. Mart. & Eichler)

Aubrév.
Oyedaea buphthalmoides DC.
Oyedaea buphthalmoides DC.
Reference: Blake, S. F., 1921: 413.

Voucher: Poeppig 1624* (NY), Mathews 1382 (K)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco.
Oyedaea oxylepis S.F. Blake
Oyedaea oxylepis S.F. Blake

Voucher: Williams 6992* (F!)
Oyedaea rusbyi S.F. Blake
Oyedaea rusbyi S.F. Blake

Oyedaea wedelioides (Klatt) S.F. Blake
Oyedaea wedelioides (Klatt) S.F. Blake
Synonyms: Oyedaea wedelioides Klatt

Voucher: Mathews 1383* (G), Mathews 1384 (K)
Pachira aquatica Aubl.
Pachira aquatica Aubl.
Synonyms: Pachira aquatica (Aubl.) Schumann

Reference: Flora Peru: 1303: 596; Robyns, A., 1963: 234.
Voucher: Young & Stratton 232 (MO!)
Pachira brevipes (Robyns) Alverson
Pachira brevipes (Robyns) Alverson

Synonyms: Pachira brevipes Robyns
Reference: Robyns, A., 1963: 287.
Voucher: Ruiz & Murphy 197 (MO!)
Pachira insignis (Sw.) Sw. ex Savigny
Pachira insignis (Sw.) Sw. ex Savigny
Synonyms: Pachira insignis (Decaisne) Ducke, Pachira insignis Decne., Pachira

insignis Sw.
Pachira marginata St. Hilaire
Pachira marginata St. Hilaire = Pseudobombax marginatum (St. Hilaire) Robyns
Pachira spruceana Decne.
Pachira spruceana Decne. = Pachira insignis (Sw.) Sw. ex Savigny
Pachira trinitensis Urb.
Pachira trinitensis Urb.
Synonyms: Pachira trinitensis (Urb.) A. Robyns, Pachira trinitensis (Urb.) Steyerm.

& W.D. Stevens
Reference: Steyermark, J. A. & W. D. Stevens, 1988: 398; Alverson, pers. comm..
Voucher: Tassayco 15-HTT (MO!)
Pachylobus peruvianus Loes.
Pachylobus peruvianus Loes. = Dacryodes peruviana var. peruviana
Pachyphyllum breviconnatum Schltr.
Pachyphyllum breviconnatum Schltr.

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2500-4000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Pachyphyllum capitatum Kraenzl.
Pachyphyllum capitatum Kraenzl.

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean II: grasslands. 2500-3500 m.
Pachyphyllum crystallinum Lindl.
Pachyphyllum crystallinum Lindl.
Synonyms: Pachyphyllum crystallinum Kraenzl. ex Weberb., Pachyphyllum crystallinum

Rchb. f., Pachyphyllum crystallinum Schltr.
m.
Pachyphyllum denticulatum (R. & P.) Schltr.
Pachyphyllum denticulatum (R. & P.) Schltr.
Synonyms: Pachyphyllum denticulatum Ruiz & Pav.

Pachyphyllum distichum Kunth
Pachyphyllum distichum Kunth

Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Piura.
Pachyphyllum falcifolium Rchb. f.
Pachyphyllum falcifolium Rchb. f.

Pachyphyllum gracillimum C. Schweinf.
Pachyphyllum gracillimum C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Pachyphyllum haemathodes (R. & P.) Schltr.
Pachyphyllum haemathodes (R. & P.) Schltr. = Maxillaria haemathodes (Ruiz & Pav.)
Garay
Pachyphyllum hispidulum (Rchb. f.) Garay & Dunst.
Pachyphyllum hispidulum (Rchb. f.) Garay & Dunst.
Synonyms: Pachyphyllum hispidulum Rchb. f.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Pachyphyllum lycopodioides Schltr.
Pachyphyllum lycopodioides Schltr.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Pachyphyllum muscoides (Kraenzlin) Schltr.
Pachyphyllum muscoides (Kraenzlin) Schltr.
Synonyms: Pachyphyllum muscoides Kraenzl.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Pachyphyllum parvifolium Lindl.
Pachyphyllum parvifolium Lindl.

Voucher: Mck. Bird 1172 (MO!)
Pachyphyllum pastii Kraenzl. ex Weberb.
Pachyphyllum pastii Kraenzl. ex Weberb. = Pachyphyllum crystallinum Lindl.
Pachyphyllum pastii Rchb. f.
Pachyphyllum pastii Rchb. f. = Pachyphyllum crystallinum Lindl.
Reference: FP 1484: 979; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 151; Dodson,
pers. comm..
Pachyphyllum pectinatum Rchb. f.
Pachyphyllum pectinatum Rchb. f.

Ecology. 2000-3500 m.
$
Pachyphyllum serra Rchb. f.
Pachyphyllum serra Rchb. f.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* , Vargas 3029 (MO!)
Pachyphyllum stuebelii Schltr.
Pachyphyllum stuebelii Schltr. = Pachyphyllum crystallinum Lindl.
Reference: FP 1484: 979; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 151; Dodson,
pers. comm..
Pachyphyllum subbiflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Schltr.
Pachyphyllum subbiflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Schltr. = Fernandezia subbiflora Ruiz & Pav.
Pachyphyllum tenue Schltr.
Pachyphyllum tenue Schltr.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Pachyptera foveolata A. DC.
Pachyptera foveolata A. DC. = Mansoa kerere (Aubl.) A.H. Gentry

Pachyptera kerere (Aubl.) Sandwith
Pachyptera kerere (Aubl.) Sandwith = Mansoa kerere (Aubl.) A.H. Gentry
Pachyptera parvifolia A.H. Gentry
Pachyptera parvifolia A.H. Gentry = Mansoa parvifolia (A.H. Gentry) A.H. Gentry
Pachyrhizus ahipa (Wedd.) Parodi
Pachyrhizus ahipa (Wedd.) Parodi
Synonyms: Pachyrhizus ahipa Wedd.

Reference: Sorensen, M., 1988: 189.
Ecology: Cultivated vine. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-2500 m.
Note: No Peru voucher collection was cited by Sorensen (1988).
Pachyrhizus tuberosus (Lam.) Spreng.
Pachyrhizus tuberosus (Lam.) Spreng.
Synonyms: Pachyrhizus tuberosus (Lam.) Britton, Pachyrhizus tuberosus (Lam.)

Sprengel, Pachyrhizus tuberosus Lam.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 294; Duke, J. A., 1981: 184; Sorensen, M., 1988: 185;
Mackinder, B. A., P. E. Owen & K. Simpson, 1990: 21.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4936 (K)
Departments: Loreto, Piura, San Martín.
$
Pachystachys asperula Nees
Pachystachys asperula Nees = Pachystachys spicata (Ruiz & Pav.) Wassh.
Pachystachys badiospica Wassh.
Pachystachys badiospica Wassh.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ridoutt s.n.* (US!), Foster et al. 11602 (US!, USM!)
Departments: Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.
Pachystachys coccinea (Aublet) Nees
Pachystachys coccinea (Aublet) Nees
Synonyms: Pachystachys coccinea Aubl.

Pachystachys fosteri Wassh.
Pachystachys fosteri Wassh.

Voucher: Foster 8686* (US)
Pachystachys incarnata Wassh.

Pachystachys incarnata Wassh.

Pachystachys killipii Wassh.
Pachystachys killipii Wassh.

Pachystachys latior Nees
Pachystachys latior Nees = Pachystachys spicata (Ruiz & Pav.) Wassh.
Pachystachys longibracteata Wassh.
Pachystachys longibracteata Wassh.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 27866* (US), Ferreyra 10159 (US!, USM)
Pachystachys lutea Nees

Pachystachys lutea Nees
Synonyms: Pachystachys lutea R. & P. ex Nees, Pachystachys lutea R. & P. ex

Schultes, nom nud.
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: cloud forests, riversides, rocky
slopes. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Matthews 1538* (K), Schunke 7436 (USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, Loreto, San Martín.
Pachystachys ossolae Wassh.
Pachystachys ossolae Wassh.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Wasshausen & Encarnación 729* (US, USM!), Wasshausen & Salas 1246
(US)
Departments: Cuzco, Madre de Dios, Puno.
Pachystachys puberula Wassh.
Pachystachys puberula Wassh.

Ecology: Endemic shrub, vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Wasshausen & Encarnación 1023* (US!), Schunke 9815 (MO!)
Pachystachys riedeliana Nees
Pachystachys riedeliana Nees = Pachystachys spicata (Ruiz & Pav.) Wassh.
Pachystachys rosea Wassh.

Pachystachys rosea Wassh.

Voucher: Foster 2398 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Madre de Dios.
Pachystachys schunkei Wassh.
Pachystachys schunkei Wassh.

Pachystachys spicata (Ruiz & Pav.) Wassh.
Pachystachys spicata (Ruiz & Pav.) Wassh.
Synonyms: Pachystachys spicata Nees, Pachystachys spicata Nees, Pachystachys

spicata Nees, Pachystachys spicata Ruiz & Pav.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* , Plowman 7565 (US!)
Pachystroma longifolium (Nees) I.M. Johnst.
Pachystroma longifolium (Nees) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Pachystroma longifolium Nees

Departments: Cuzco.
Pacouria boliviensis (Markgr.) A. Chev.
Pacouria boliviensis (Markgr.) A. Chev.
Synonyms: Pacouria boliviensis Markgr.

Departments: Amazonas, Madre de Dios.
Pacourina cirsiifolia Kunth
Pacourina cirsiifolia Kunth = Pacourina edulis Aubl.
Pacourina edulis Aubl.
Pacourina edulis Aubl.
Synonyms: Pacourina edulis Britt., Pacourina edulis Cass., Pacourina edulis Cass.,
Pacourina edulis Kunth
Voucher: Barbour 4866 (MO)
Pacourina edulis var. spinosissima Britt.
Pacourina edulis var. spinosissima Britt. = Pacourina edulis Aubl.
$
Pacourinopsis dentata Cass.
Pacourinopsis dentata Cass. = Pacourina edulis Aubl.
Pacourinopsis integrifolia Cass.
Pacourinopsis integrifolia Cass. = Pacourina edulis Aubl.
Paederia diffusa (Britton) Standl.
Paederia diffusa (Britton) Standl.
Synonyms: Paederia diffusa (Britton) Rusby, Paederia diffusa Britton, Paederia

diffusa K. Schum., Paederia diffusa L., Paederia diffusa Pers., Paederia diffusa
Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 500-2500 m.
Paederia foetida L.
Paederia foetida L. = Paederia diffusa (Britton) Standl.
Paederia olens K. Schum.
Paederia olens K. Schum. = Paederia diffusa (Britton) Standl.

$
Paederiopsis diffusa (Britton) Rusby
Paederiopsis diffusa (Britton) Rusby = Paederia diffusa (Britton) Standl.
Paepalanthus bifidus (Schrader) Kunth
Paepalanthus bifidus (Schrader) Kunth
Synonyms: Paepalanthus bifidus Schrader

Reference: Flora Peru: 1176: 491; Moldenke, H. N., 1977: 33.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: shrublands. 500-1500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4607 (MOL!)
Paepalanthus caulescens (Poir.) Kunth
Paepalanthus caulescens (Poir.) Kunth = Syngonanthus caulescens (Poir.) Ruhland
Reference: FP 1176: 491; Moldenke, H. N. & L. B. Smith, 1976: 89.
Paepalanthus crassicaulis Körn.
Paepalanthus crassicaulis Körn.
Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1979: 478.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests on white sand, rocky
slopes. 3000-3500 m.
$
Paepalanthus dichotomus Klotzsch ex Körn.
Paepalanthus dichotomus Klotzsch ex Körn.
Paepalanthus dichotomus var.glabrescens Moldenke
Paepalanthus dichotomus var. glabrescens Moldenke

Paepalanthus ensifolius (Kunth) Kunth
Paepalanthus ensifolius (Kunth) Kunth
Synonyms: Paepalanthus ensifolius Kunth

Paepalanthus ferreyrae Moldenke
Paepalanthus ferreyrae Moldenke
Synonyms: Paepalanthus ferreyrae Moldenke

Voucher: Ferreyra 809* (NY), Wurdack 1081 (US)
Paepalanthus flavescens (Bong.) Körn.

Paepalanthus flavescens (Bong.) Körn. = Leiothrix flavescens (Bong.) Ruhland
Reference: FP 1176: 492; Giulietti, A. M. & N. Hensold, 1991: 45.
Paepalanthus nitens (Bong.) Kunth
Paepalanthus nitens (Bong.) Kunth = Syngonanthus nitens (Bong.) Ruhland
Paepalanthus peruvianus (Ruhland) J.F. Macbr.
Paepalanthus peruvianus (Ruhland) J.F. Macbr. = Syngonanthus peruvianus Ruhland
Paepalanthus pilosus (Kunth) Kunth
Paepalanthus pilosus (Kunth) Kunth
Synonyms: Paepalanthus pilosus Kunth, Paepalanthus pilosus Kunth

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, seasonally
Voucher: León & Young 1597 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Moquegua, Puno, San Martín.
Paepalanthus planifolius (Bong.) Körn.
Paepalanthus planifolius (Bong.) Körn.

Synonyms: Paepalanthus planifolius Bong.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1176: 493; Moldenke, H. N. & L. B. Smith, 1976: 66.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: shrublands. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Smith & Canne 5892 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Pasco.
Paepalanthus polytrichoides Kunth
Paepalanthus polytrichoides Kunth

Note: The negative number cited by Macbride in the Flora of Peru is incorrect; it
applies to a Poeppig collection from Brazil.
Voucher: Henschel s.n. (B)
Paepalanthus stuebelianus Ruhland
Paepalanthus stuebelianus Ruhland

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: bogs, forests on white sand, grasslands. 1500-3000
m.
Departments: Amazonas, Piura, San Martín.
Paepalanthus weberbaueri Ruhland
Paepalanthus weberbaueri Ruhland

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1152* (B photo MO!), Weberbauer 1326 (frag. F!)
Departments: Puno.
Paepalanthus wurdacki Moldenke

Paepalanthus wurdacki Moldenke = Paepalanthus ferreyrae Moldenke
Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1963: 187; Hensold, pers. comm..
Paesia acclivis (Kunze) Kuhn
Paesia acclivis (Kunze) Kuhn = ?
Paesia amazonica (H. Christ) C. Chr.
Paesia amazonica (H. Christ) C. Chr. = ?
Paesia scalaris (Mett.) Kuhn
Paesia scalaris (Mett.) Kuhn = ?
Paesia viscosa J. St.-Hil.
Paesia viscosa J. St.-Hil.

Pagamea dudleyi Steyerm.

Pagamea dudleyi Steyerm.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: elfin forests, forests, riversides. 1000-2000
m.
Voucher: Dudley 13543* (NA), Dudley 13162
Pagamea guianensis Aubl.
Pagamea guianensis Aubl.
Synonyms: Pagamea guianensis Standl.

Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand. 0-1500
m.
Pagesia diathera (Sw.) Pennell
Pagesia diathera (Sw.) Pennell = Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small
Pagesia peduncularis (Benth.) Pennell
Pagesia peduncularis (Benth.) Pennell = Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small
Pagesia procumbens (Mill.) Pennell
Pagesia procumbens (Mill.) Pennell = Mecardonia procumbens (Mill.) Small

$
Palaua biserrata Ruiz & Pav.
Palaua biserrata Ruiz & Pav. = Saurauia biserrata (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.
Reference: FP 1306: 679; Soejarto, D. D., 1980: 90.
Palaua camanensis Ferreyra & Chanco
Palaua camanensis Ferreyra & Chanco
Reference: Ferreyra, R. & M. Chanco, 1980: 97.

Voucher: Ferreyra 8842* (USM), Ferreyra 11695 (USM!)
Palaua declinata Moench.
Palaua declinata Moench. = Palaua malvifolia Cav.
Palaua dissecta Benth.
Palaua dissecta Benth.
Synonyms: Palaua dissecta Mast., Palaua dissecta Ulbrich

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Maclean s.n.* , Dillon & Dillon 3887 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ica, Lima, Moquegua, Tacna.
Palaua flexuosa Mast.

Palaua flexuosa Mast. = Palaua dissecta Benth.
Palaua geranioides Ulbrich
Palaua geranioides Ulbrich = Palaua dissecta Benth.
Palaua glabra Ruiz & Pav.
Palaua glabra Ruiz & Pav. = Saurauia glabra (Ruiz & Pav.) Soejarto
Palaua guentheri F. Bruns
Palaua guentheri F. Bruns
Synonyms: Palaua guentheri (Ulbrich) Johnst. hom. illeg., Palaua guentheri Ulbrich
Voucher: Guenther & Buchtein 191* (HBG photo F!), Mexia 4180 (MO!)
Palaua inconspicua I.M. Johnst.
Palaua inconspicua I.M. Johnst.
Voucher: Johnston 3565*
Departments: Arequipa, La Libertad.
$
Palaua lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.
Palaua lanceolata Ruiz & Pav. = Saurauia biserrata (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.
Palaua lomageiton Ulbrich
Palaua lomageiton Ulbrich = Palaua moschata Cav.
Palaua malvifolia Cav.
Palaua malvifolia Cav.
Synonyms: Palaua malvifolia (L'Heritier) Hochreutiner, Palaua malvifolia

L'Heritier, Palaua malvifolia Moench., Palaua malvifolia Ulbrich, Palaua malvifolia
Ulbrich
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* , Angulo 1195 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lima, La Libertad.
Palaua micrantha Ulbrich
Palaua micrantha Ulbrich = Palaua malvifolia Cav.
Palaua micrantha var. hirsuta Ulbrich
Palaua micrantha var. hirsuta Ulbrich = Palaua malvifolia Cav.

Palaua mollendoensis (Ulbrich) Johnst. hom. illeg.
Palaua mollendoensis (Ulbrich) Johnst. hom. illeg. = Palaua guentheri F. Bruns
Palaua mollendoensis Ulbrich
Palaua mollendoensis Ulbrich

Voucher: Weberbauer 1584* , Dillon & Dillon 3878 (MO!)
Palaua moschata Cav.
Palaua moschata Cav.
Synonyms: Palaua moschata R.E. Fr., Palaua moschata Turcz., Palaua moschata Ulbrich
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Coastal: lomas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (MA photo F!), Dillon & Dillon 3897 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ica, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Tacna.
Palaua moschata var. macrantha R.E. Fr.
Palaua moschata var. macrantha R.E. Fr. = Palaua moschata Cav.
$
Palaua parviflora (L'Heritier) Hochreutiner
Palaua parviflora (L'Heritier) Hochreutiner = Palaua malvifolia Cav.
Palaua pusilla Ulbrich
Palaua pusilla Ulbrich

Voucher: Weberbauer 1496* (B photo F!), Dillon et al. 3381 (USM!)
Palaua rhombifolia R. Graham
Palaua rhombifolia R. Graham
Synonyms: Palaua rhombifolia Turcz.

Voucher: Cruckshanks s.n.* , López et al. 8401 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Lima, La Libertad.
Palaua rhombifolia var. acaulis Hochreutiner
Palaua rhombifolia var. acaulis Hochreutiner = Palaua tomentosa Hochreutiner
Palaua tomentosa Hochreutiner
Palaua tomentosa Hochreutiner

Synonyms: Palaua tomentosa Hochreutiner
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G photo F!), Worth & Morrison 15629 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ica, Moquegua.
Palaua trisepala Hochreutiner
Palaua trisepala Hochreutiner

Voucher: Rauh & Hirsch P474* (USM!), Dillon & Dillon 3877 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ica.
Palaua velutina Ulbrich & Hill
Palaua velutina Ulbrich & Hill

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I, Coastal: lomas. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Woitschach s.n.* , Dillon & Dillon 3736 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ica, Tacna.
Palaua weberbaueri Ulbrich
Palaua weberbaueri Ulbrich

Voucher: Weberbauer 1470* (B photo F!), Dillon & Dillon 3700 (MO!, USM!)
Palicourea acanthaceoides Wernham
Palicourea acanthaceoides Wernham = Palicourea macrobotrys (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. &
Schult.
Palicourea amethystina (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Palicourea amethystina (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Synonyms: Palicourea amethystina Ruiz & Pav.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (K), Macbride 3719 (F!)
Palicourea angustifolia Kunth
Palicourea angustifolia Kunth

Voucher: Dillon et al. 6197 (F!)
Palicourea aphthosa Standl.
Palicourea aphthosa Standl.

Voucher: Weberbauer 3401* (B), Simpson & López 845 (F!)
Palicourea attenuata Rusby
Palicourea attenuata Rusby

Voucher: Mathews 1947 (F!)
Palicourea bracteosa Standl.
Palicourea bracteosa Standl. = Palicourea virens (Poepp. & Endl.) Standl.
Palicourea buchtienii Standl.
Palicourea buchtienii Standl.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Palicourea caerulea (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes
Palicourea caerulea (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes = Psychotria caerulea Ruiz &
Pav.
Reference: FP 1365: 184, 223; Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 1449.
Palicourea charianthema Standl.
Palicourea charianthema Standl.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29395* (F!), Williams 3678 (F!)
$
Palicourea chlorocaerulea Krause
Palicourea chlorocaerulea Krause

Voucher: Weberbauer 3406* (B photo F), Raimondi 6189 (F!)
Palicourea chrysotricha (Zahlbr.) Standl.
Palicourea chrysotricha (Zahlbr.) Standl.
Synonyms: Palicourea chrysotricha Zahlbr.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Region uncertain: forests. .
Voucher: Jelski 374* (B photo & frag. F!), Raimondi 4773 (F!)
Palicourea condensata Standl.
Palicourea condensata Standl.
Synonyms: Palicourea condensata Standl.

m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28048* (F!), Wurdack 1992 (F!)
Palicourea consobrina Standl.
Palicourea consobrina Standl.
Synonyms: Palicourea consobrina Standl.

Voucher: Pennell 13988* (F!), Vargas 11148 (F!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Palicourea corymbifera (Müll. Arg.) Standl.
Palicourea corymbifera (Müll. Arg.) Standl.
Synonyms: Palicourea corymbifera Müll. Arg.

Palicourea crocea (Sw.) Roem. & Schult.
Palicourea crocea (Sw.) Roem. & Schult.
Synonyms: Palicourea crocea (Müll. Arg.) Standl., Palicourea crocea Müll.

Arg., Palicourea crocea Sw.
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Barbour 5677 (F!)
Palicourea crocea var. riparia (Benth.) Griseb.
Palicourea crocea var. riparia (Benth.) Griseb. = Palicourea riparia Benth.
Palicourea cymosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.
Palicourea cymosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Standl.
Synonyms: Palicourea cymosa Ruiz & Pav.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo & fragm. F!), Plowman & Ramírez
7594 (F!)
Palicourea flavescens Kunth
Palicourea flavescens Kunth

Note: Not known from Peru. The type locality is given doubtfully as Peru;
however, the species appears to be restricted to Colombia and Ecuador.
Palicourea grandifolia (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Standl.
Palicourea grandifolia (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Standl.
Palicourea grandifolia var.sprucei (Müll. Arg.) Steyerm.
Palicourea grandifolia var. sprucei (Müll. Arg.) Steyerm.
Synonyms: Palicourea grandifolia sprucei (Kunth) Standl., Palicourea grandifolia

sprucei Kunth, Palicourea grandifolia sprucei Müll. Arg.
Palicourea guianensis Aubl.
Palicourea guianensis Aubl.
$
Palicourea guianensis subsp.occidentalis Steyerm.
Palicourea guianensis subsp. occidentalis Steyerm.

Voucher: Plowman 5903 (F!)
Martín.
Palicourea haenkeana DC.
Palicourea haenkeana DC.
Synonyms: Palicourea haenkeana Bartl. ex DC.

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. .
Note: A doubtful species, probably not from Peru.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (MO!)
Palicourea herrerae Standl.
Palicourea herrerae Standl.

Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Pennell 14130* (F!), Stork & Horton 10373 (F!)
Palicourea hyacinthiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes
Palicourea hyacinthiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes = Palicourea obovata
(Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
$
Palicourea iquitoensis Krause
Palicourea iquitoensis Krause = Palicourea punicea (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Palicourea irrasiflora Wernham
Palicourea irrasiflora Wernham = Palicourea lasiantha Krause
Palicourea jelskii Standl.
Palicourea jelskii Standl.

Voucher: Jelski 357* (B photo & frag. F!), Killip & Smith 24876 (F!)
Palicourea kanehirae Standl.
Palicourea kanehirae Standl.

Ecology: Native tree, treelet. .
Voucher: Kanehira 18* (GH frag. F!)
Palicourea klugii Standl.
Palicourea klugii Standl.

Voucher: Klug 1977* (F!), Schunke 217 (F!)
Palicourea lachnantha Standl.
Palicourea lachnantha Standl.
Synonyms: Palicourea lachnantha Standl.

Voucher: Klug 1973* (F!), Plowman et al. 6499 (F!)
Palicourea lasiantha Krause
Palicourea lasiantha Krause
Synonyms: Palicourea lasiantha Wernham

Voucher: Weberbauer 3599* (B photo F), Schunke 1726 (F!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Palicourea lasioneura Krause
Palicourea lasioneura Krause = Palicourea macrobotrys (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult.
Palicourea lasiophylla Krause
Palicourea lasiophylla Krause = Palicourea longistipulata (Müll. Arg.) Standl.

$
Palicourea latifolia Krause
Palicourea latifolia Krause

Voucher: Weberbauer 3564* (B photo), Ferreyra 2090 (F!)
Palicourea laxa (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes
Palicourea laxa (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes
Synonyms: Palicourea laxa Pers., Palicourea laxa Ruiz & Pav.

Note: A doubtful species, based upon a drawing and description sent to Ruiz & Pavo4
by Tafalla from Peru.
Palicourea lechleri Standl.
Palicourea lechleri Standl.

Voucher: Lechler 2610* (photo & frag. F!), Vargas 11371 (F!)
Departments: Puno.
Palicourea levis Standl.
Palicourea levis Standl.

Voucher: Spruce 4062* (K frag. F!), Pearce s.n. (F!)
Departments: Ayacucho, San Martín.
Palicourea longistipula Standl.
Palicourea longistipula Standl.

Voucher: Lechler 2622* (K frag. F!)
Departments: Puno.
Palicourea longistipulata (Müll. Arg.) Standl.
Palicourea longistipulata (Müll. Arg.) Standl.
Synonyms: Palicourea longistipulata Krause, Palicourea longistipulata Müll.

Arg.
Departments: Cajamarca, Junín, Loreto, San Martín.
Palicourea lucentifolia Standl.
Palicourea lucentifolia Standl.

Voucher: Williams 2906* (F!)
Palicourea lucidula Standl.

Palicourea lucidula Standl.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 28816* (F!), Killip & Smith 28089 (F!)
Palicourea macbridei Standl.
Palicourea macbridei Standl.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Palicourea macrobotrys (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult.
Palicourea macrobotrys (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult.
Synonyms: Palicourea macrobotrys Krause, Palicourea macrobotrys Ruiz & Pav.,

Palicourea macrobotrys Wernham
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (F!), Killip & Smith 22622 (F!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Madre de Dios, Pasco,
Puno, San Martín.
Palicourea macrophylla (Kunth) Standl.
Palicourea macrophylla (Kunth) Standl. = Palicourea grandifolia var. sprucei

(Müll. Arg.) Steyerm.
$
Palicourea mitis (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Palicourea mitis (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Synonyms: Palicourea mitis Ruiz & Pav.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F), Mexia 8239 (F!)
Palicourea nigricans Krause
Palicourea nigricans Krause

2000 m.
Voucher: Ule 6772* (B photo F!), Klug 3406 (F!)
Departments: Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Palicourea obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Palicourea obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Synonyms: Palicourea obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes, Palicourea obovata
Pers., Palicourea obovata Ruiz & Pav., Palicourea obovata Ruiz & Pav.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Killip & Smith 25790 (F!)
Palicourea pachycalyx Standl.
Palicourea pachycalyx Standl. = Palicourea condensata Standl.
$
Palicourea paraensis (Müll. Arg.) Standl.
Palicourea paraensis (Müll. Arg.) Standl. = Palicourea crocea (Sw.) Roem. &
Schult.
Palicourea perquadrangularis Wernham
Palicourea perquadrangularis Wernham

Note: Not known from Peru. This name was applied by Wernham to one Peruvian
specimen, probably in error; the species is Venezuelan.
Palicourea polyneura Krause
Palicourea polyneura Krause

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Palicourea ponasae Krause
Palicourea ponasae Krause

Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Ule 6776* (B photo & frag. F!), Foster et al. 7734 (MO!)
Palicourea punicea (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.

Palicourea punicea (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Synonyms: Palicourea punicea Krause, Palicourea punicea Ruiz & Pav.

Palicourea punoensis Standl.
Palicourea punoensis Standl.

Voucher: Weberbauer 1143* (B frag. F!)
Departments: Puno.
Palicourea raimondii Standl.
Palicourea raimondii Standl.

Voucher: Raimondi 1114* (B photo & frag. F!)
Departments: Puno.
Palicourea rigida Kunth
Palicourea rigida Kunth
Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1974: 1709; Kirkbride, pers. comm..

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: grasslands. 500-2000 m.
Voucher: Scott s.n. (Kodachrome at US)
$
Palicourea riparia Benth.
Palicourea riparia Benth.
Synonyms: Palicourea riparia (Benth.) Griseb., Palicourea riparia (Müll. Arg.)

Standl., Palicourea riparia Müll. Arg.
Palicourea saligna Standl.
Palicourea saligna Standl. = Palicourea consobrina Standl.
Palicourea sandiensis Krause
Palicourea sandiensis Krause

Departments: Puno.
Palicourea stenoclada (Müll. Arg.) Standl.
Palicourea stenoclada (Müll. Arg.) Standl. = Palicourea riparia Benth.
Palicourea stenophylla Krause

Palicourea stenophylla Krause = Rudgea stenophylla (Krause) Standl.
Palicourea stenostachys Krause
Palicourea stenostachys Krause = Palicourea triphylla DC.
Palicourea subspicata Huber
Palicourea subspicata Huber

Voucher: Huber 1415* (F!), Wurdack 9913 (F!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
Palicourea sulphurea (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Palicourea sulphurea (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Synonyms: Palicourea sulphurea Ruiz & Pav.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (F!), Macbride 5108 (F!)
Palicourea thyrsiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Palicourea thyrsiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Synonyms: Palicourea thyrsiflora Ruiz & Pav.

Note: Treated in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of P. crocea.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (F!), Woytkowski 5549 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, San Martín.
Palicourea tinctoria (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes
Palicourea tinctoria (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes = Psychotria tinctoria Ruiz &
Pav.
Palicourea triphylla DC.
Palicourea triphylla DC.
Synonyms: Palicourea triphylla Krause

Departments: Junín, Loreto, Ucayali.
Palicourea villosiflora Standl.
Palicourea villosiflora Standl.

Ecology: Native tree, treelet. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m.
Palicourea virens (Poepp. & Endl.) Standl.
Palicourea virens (Poepp. & Endl.) Standl.

Synonyms: Palicourea virens Poepp. & Endl., Palicourea virens Standl.
Voucher: Rodrigues & Chagas 1856 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Pasco, Ucayali.
Palicourea viridis (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes
Palicourea viridis (Ruiz & Pav.) Roemer & Schultes = Psychotria viridis Ruiz & Pav.
Palicourea weberbaueri Krause
Palicourea weberbaueri Krause

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Piura.
Palma maripa Aubl.
Palma maripa Aubl. = Maximiliana maripa (Aublet) Drude
Palmorchis lobulata (Mansf.) C. Schweinf. & Correll
Palmorchis lobulata (Mansf.) C. Schweinf. & Correll
Synonyms: Palmorchis lobulata Mansf.

Voucher: Tessmann 4518* (AMES), Gentry 42434 (MO!)
Paltoria ovalis Ruiz & Pav.
Paltoria ovalis Ruiz & Pav. = Ilex ovalis (R & P) Loesener in Engl. & Prantl.
Pamianthe peruviana Stapf
Pamianthe peruviana Stapf
Reference: Stapf, O, 1933: 106.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Note: Not reconfirmed. Described from material collected in Peru by Major Pam.
Pamianthe quitoensis (Herbert) Stapf
Pamianthe quitoensis (Herbert) Stapf = Leptochiton quitoensis (Herbert) Sealy
Pamphilia vilcabambae D.R. Simpson
Pamphilia vilcabambae D.R. Simpson

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II: cloud forests, elfin forests. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Dudley 10808* (F), Dudley 10802 (F)

Departments: Cuzco.
$
Panax fruticosa L.
Panax fruticosa L. = Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms in Engl. & Prantl
Panax morototoni Aubl.
Panax morototoni Aubl. = Schefflera morototoni (Aubl.) Maguire, Steyerm. & Frodin
Reference: FP 1322: 25; Maguire, B., J. A. Steyermark & D. G. Frodin, 1984: 51;
Cannon, M. J. & J. F. M. Cannon, 1989: 54.
Panax victoriae W. Bull ex hort.
Panax victoriae W. Bull ex hort. = Polyscias guilfoylei (W. Bull) L.H. Bailey
Reference: Frodin, pers. comm..
Pancratium amancaes (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Ker Gawler
Pancratium amancaes (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Ker Gawler = Ismene amancaes (Ruiz Lopez &
Pavon) Herbert
Pancratium aurantiacum Kunth
Pancratium aurantiacum Kunth = Stenomesson aurantiacum (Kunth) Herb.
Reference: FP 1190: 678; Ravenna, P., 1971: 83; Meerow, A. W., 1990: 30.
Pancratium calathiforme Redoute

Pancratium calathiforme Redoute = Ismene narcissiflora (Jacq.) M. Roem.
Reference: FP 1190: 672; Gereau, pers. comm.
Pancratium calathinum Ker Gawler
Pancratium calathinum Ker Gawler = Ismene nutans Herbert
Pancratium calathinum Ker Gawler, nom. illeg.
Pancratium calathinum Ker Gawler, nom. illeg. = Ismene narcissiflora (Jacq.) M.

Roem.
Pancratium coccineum Ruiz & Pav.
Pancratium coccineum Ruiz & Pav. = Stenomesson coccineum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon)
Herbert
Pancratium croceum Savigny
Pancratium croceum Savigny = Stenomesson croceum (Savigny) Herbert
Pancratium flavum Ruiz & Pav.
Pancratium flavum Ruiz & Pav. = Stenomesson flavum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Herbert
Pancratium incarnatum Kunth
Pancratium incarnatum Kunth = Stenomesson incarnatum (Kunth) Baker
Pancratium latifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Pancratium latifolium Ruiz & Pav. = Urceolina valida Ravenna
Pancratium littorale Jacq.
Pancratium littorale Jacq. = Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb.
Pancratium narcissiflorum Jacq.
Pancratium narcissiflorum Jacq. = Ismene narcissiflora (Jacq.) M. Roem.
Pancratium recurvatum Ruiz & Pav.
Pancratium recurvatum Ruiz & Pav. = Stenomesson recurvatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Baker
Pancratium ringens Ruiz & Pav.

Pancratium ringens Ruiz & Pav. = Ismene ringens (Ruiz & Pav.) Gereau & Meerow
Reference: FP 1190: 673; Gereau, R. E., A. W. Meerow, & L. Brako, 1993: 29.
Pancratium trichromum La Llave & Lexarza
Pancratium trichromum La Llave & Lexarza = Stenomesson incarnatum (Kunth) Baker
Reference: Meerow, A. W., 1990: 28.
Pancratium variegatum Ruiz & Pav.
Pancratium variegatum Ruiz & Pav. = Stenomesson variegatum (Ruiz & Pav.) J.F.
Macbr.
Pancratium viridiflorum Ruiz & Pav.
Pancratium viridiflorum Ruiz & Pav. = Stenomesson viridiflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth.
& Hook. f.
Panicum adscendens Kunth
Panicum adscendens Kunth = Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler
Reference: Veldkamp, J. F., 1973: 32; Killeen, T. J., 1990: 199.
Panicum amplexicaule Rudge

Panicum amplexicaule Rudge = Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees
Panicum angustissimum Hochst. ex Steud.
Panicum angustissimum Hochst. ex Steud. = Sacciolepis angustissima (Hochst. ex

Steud.) Kuhlmann
Panicum aquaticum Poir.
Panicum aquaticum Poir.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 221; Zuloaga, pers. comm..

Panicum arrectum Hack. ex T. Durand & Schinz
Panicum arrectum Hack. ex T. Durand & Schinz = Urochloa arrecta (Hack. ex T. Durand
& Schinz) Morrone & Zuloaga
Reference: Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992: 69.
Panicum arundinaceum Sw.
Panicum arundinaceum Sw. = Isachne arundinacea (Sw.) Griseb.
Panicum arundinariae Trin. ex E. Fourn.

Panicum arundinariae Trin. ex E. Fourn.
Reference: Zuloaga, F. O., 1985: 365.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Simpson & Schunke 450B (F!)
Panicum aturense Kunth
Panicum aturense Kunth = Homolepis aturensis (Kunth) Chase
Panicum axillare Nees
Panicum axillare Nees = Ichnanthus pallens (Sw.) Munro ex Benth. var. pallens
Panicum barbinode Trin.
Panicum barbinode Trin. = Urochloa mutica (Forssk.) Nguyen
Reference: FP 719: 221; Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992: 48.
Panicum boliviense Hack.
Panicum boliviense Hack. = Panicum polygonatum Schrad.
Panicum brizanthum Hochst. ex A. Rich.

Panicum brizanthum Hochst. ex A. Rich. = Urochloa brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.)
R.D. Webster
Panicum burmannii Retz.
Panicum burmannii Retz. = Oplismenus burmannii P. Beauv. var. burmannii
Panicum californicum Benth.
Panicum californicum Benth. = Digitaria californica (Benth.) Henrard
Reference: , : 92.
Panicum calvescens Nees ex Trin.
Panicum calvescens Nees ex Trin. = Ichnanthus calvescens (Nees ex Trin.) Döll

var. calvescens
Panicum candicans Nees
Panicum candicans Nees = Ichnanthus hirtus (Raddi) Chase

Note: NN
Panicum cayennense var. quadriglume Döll
Panicum cayennense var. quadriglume Döll = Panicum quadriglume (Döll)

Hitchc.
Panicum ceresia Kuntze
Panicum ceresia Kuntze = Paspalum ceresia (Kuntze) Chase
Panicum chloroticum Nees ex Trin.
Panicum chloroticum Nees ex Trin. = Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.
Panicum ciliare Retz.
Panicum ciliare Retz. = Digitaria ciliaris (Retz.) Koeler
Reference: Veldkamp, J. F., 1973: 32; McVaugh, R., 1983: 138.
Panicum coenosum Döll
Panicum coenosum Döll = Panicum pilosum Sw.
Panicum colonum L.
Panicum colonum L. = Echinochloa colona (L.) Link

$
Panicum colonum var. humile Nees
Panicum colonum var. humile Nees = Echinochloa colona (L.) Link
Panicum cordovense E. Fourn.
Panicum cordovense E. Fourn. = Dichanthelium cordovense (E. Fourn.) Davidse
Reference: Davidse, G. & R. W. Pohl, 1992: 105.
Panicum crus-galli L.
Panicum crus-galli L. = ?
Panicum ctenodes var. major Trin.
Panicum ctenodes var. major Trin. = Panicum stoloniferum var. major (Trin.) Kunth
Reference: Davidse, pers. comm..
Panicum cyanescens Nees
Panicum cyanescens Nees = Panicum cyanescens Nees ex Trin.

Note: nom. illeg.
$
Panicum cyanescens Nees ex Trin.
Panicum cyanescens Nees ex Trin.
Synonyms: Panicum cyanescens Nees
Panicum dactylon L.
Panicum dactylon L. = Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.
Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.
Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.
Synonyms: Panicum dichotomiflorum Nees ex Trin.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand, riversides,
Panicum divaricatum L.
Panicum divaricatum L. = Lasiacis divaricata (Steud. ex Lechler) Hitchc.

Note: NN
Panicum donacifolium Raddi
Panicum donacifolium Raddi = Hymenachne donacifolia (Raddi) Chase

$
Panicum elephantipes Nees ex Trin.
Panicum elephantipes Nees ex Trin.
Reference: McClure, F. A., 1955: 245; Tovar, O., 1986: 53.

Ecology: Native aquatic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian: emergent, forests on white
sand, riversides. 0-500 m.
Panicum elongatum Poir.
Panicum elongatum Poir. = Setaria poiretiana (Schult.) Kunth
Panicum eminii Mez
Panicum eminii Mez = Urochloa eminii (Mez) Davidse
Reference: Clayton, W. D. & S. A. Renvoize, 1982: 586; Davidse, pers. comm.
Panicum fasciculatum Sw.
Panicum fasciculatum Sw. = Urochloa fasciculata (Sw.) R.D. Webster
Reference: FP 719: 222; Parodi, L. R., 1969: 96; Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992:
77.
Panicum flavum Nees
Panicum flavum Nees = Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen

Panicum frondescens G. Mey.
Panicum frondescens G. Mey. = Panicum stoloniferum var. major (Trin.) Kunth
Reference: FP 719: 222; Killeen, T. J., 1990: 171.
Panicum gavanianum Steud. ex Lechler
Panicum gavanianum Steud. ex Lechler = Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde
Reference: FP 719: 200; Chase, A. & C. D. Niles, 1962: 517.
Panicum geminatum Forssk.
Panicum geminatum Forssk. = Paspalidium geminatum (Forssk.) Stapf
Panicum geniculatum Lam.
Panicum geniculatum Lam. = Setaria parviflora (Poir.) Kerguélen
Reference: FP 719: 238; Kerguélen, M., 1987: 161.
Panicum glutinosum Sw.
Panicum glutinosum Sw. = Homolepis glutinosa (Sw.) Zuloaga & Soderstr.
Reference: FP 719: 223; Zuloaga, F. O. & T. R. Soderstrom, 1985: 19.

$
Panicum grande Hitchc. & Chase
Panicum grande Hitchc. & Chase
Reference: Pohl, R. W., 1980: 364; Tovar, O., 1986: 54.

Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Amazonian: emergent, riversides, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-500 m.
Panicum grumosum Nees
Panicum grumosum Nees
Synonyms: Panicum grumosum Mez

Reference: Tovar, O., 1986: 54; Zuloaga, F. O., 1987: 303.
Note: Not known from Peru. The type is mislabeled (Zuloaga, pers. comm.).
Panicum hirsutum Sw.
Panicum hirsutum Sw.

Panicum hirtellum L.
Panicum hirtellum L. = Oplismenus hirtellus (L.) P. Beauv.
$
Panicum hirticaule J. Presl
Panicum hirticaule J. Presl

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2500 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Piura.
Panicum inconstans Trin. ex Nees
Panicum inconstans Trin. ex Nees = Ichnanthus inconstans (Trin. ex Nees) Döll
Panicum killipii Hitchc.
Panicum killipii Hitchc. = Paspalum killipii (Hitchc.) Zuloaga & Soderstr.
Reference: FP 719: 223; Zuloaga, F. O. & T. R. Soderstrom, 1985: 40.
Panicum lanuginosum J. Presl
Panicum lanuginosum J. Presl = Panicum stigmosum Trin.
Reference: FP 719: 228; Zuloaga, F. O., R. P. Ellis & O. Morrone, 1993: 175.
Panicum laterale J. Presl ex Nees
Panicum laterale J. Presl ex Nees = Parodiolyra lateralis (J. Presl ex Nees)

Soderstr. & Zuloaga
$
Panicum laxum Sw.
Panicum laxum Sw.
Synonyms: Panicum laxum Steud. ex Lechler

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-1000 m.
San Martín, Tumbes, Ucayali.
Panicum leiocarpon Spreng.
Panicum leiocarpon Spreng. = Ichnanthus leiocarpus (Spreng.) Kunth
Panicum lorentzianum Mez
Panicum lorentzianum Mez = Urochloa lorentziana (Mez) Morrone & Zuloaga
Reference: FP 719: 224; Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992: 82.
Panicum maximum Jacq.
Panicum maximum Jacq.

Ecology: Cultivated herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2000 m.
Note: This species is often naturalized in Peru.
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Piura, San Martín.
Panicum maynense Trin.

Panicum maynense Trin. = Ichnanthus tenuis (J. Presl) Hitchc. & Chase
Panicum megacarpum Steud. ex Lechler
Panicum megacarpum Steud. ex Lechler = Lasiacis ligulata Hitchc. & Chase
Panicum megastachyum J. Presl
Panicum megastachyum J. Presl = Panicum urvilleanum (Herter) Kunth
Reference: FP 719: 228; Hitchcock, A. S., 1927: 465.

Note: NN
Panicum megiston Schult.
Panicum megiston Schult. = Panicum mertensii Roth
Panicum mertensii Roth
Panicum mertensii Roth
Synonyms: Panicum mertensii Schult.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally
$
Panicum milleflorum Hitchc. & Chase
Panicum milleflorum Hitchc. & Chase = Panicum pilosum Sw.
Panicum molle Sw.
Panicum molle Sw. = Urochloa mollis (Sw.) Morrone & Zuloaga
Reference: Tovar, O., 1981: 108; Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992: 85.
Panicum mollicomum Kunth
Panicum mollicomum Kunth = Panicum stigmosum Trin.
Reference: FP 719: 228; Zuloaga, F. O., R. P. Ellis & O. Morrone, 1993: 175.
Note: NN
Panicum muticum Forssk.
Panicum muticum Forssk. = Urochloa mutica (Forssk.) Nguyen
Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 297; Morrone, O. & F. O. Zuloaga, 1992: 88.
Panicum myuros Lam.
Panicum myuros Lam. = Sacciolepis myuros (Lam.) Chase
Reference: Tovar, O., 1986: 56; Judziewicz, E. J., 1990[1991]: 418.
Panicum nemorosum Sw.

Panicum nemorosum Sw. = Ichnanthus nemorosus (Sw.) Döll
Panicum oaxacense Steud.
Panicum oaxacense Steud. = Lasiacis oaxacensis (Steud.) Hitchc. var. oaxacensis
Reference: Davidse, G., 1978[1979]: 1190.
Panicum oblitum Swallen
Panicum oblitum Swallen = Urochloa oblita (Swallen) Morrone & Zuloaga
Panicum oblongatum Griseb.
Panicum oblongatum Griseb. = Setaria oblongata (Griseb.) Parodi
Panicum obtusiglume Hitchc.
Panicum obtusiglume Hitchc. = Panicum parvifolium Lam.
Panicum oryzoides Ard.
Panicum oryzoides Ard. = Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard.) Fritsch

Reference: Sánchez, E., 1969: 340.
Panicum pallens Sw.
Panicum pallens Sw. = Ichnanthus pallens (Sw.) Munro ex Benth. var. pallens
Panicum pallens var. majus Nees
Panicum pallens var. majus Nees = Ichnanthus pallens var. majus (Nees) Stieber
Panicum pallide-fuscum Schumach.
Panicum pallide-fuscum Schumach. = Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Summerhayes, V. S. & C. E. Hubbard, 1930: 259; Clayton, W. D. & S. A.

Renvoize, 1982: 531.
Panicum pantrichum Hack.
Panicum pantrichum Hack. = Dichanthelium pantrichum (Hack.) Davidse
Reference: FP 719: 225; Davidse, G. & R. W. Pohl, 1992: 105.
Panicum parvifolium Lam.
Panicum parvifolium Lam.
Synonyms: Panicum parvifolium Hitchc.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white sand, seasonally
Panicum paspaliforme J. Presl
Panicum paspaliforme J. Presl = Paspalum distichum L.
Panicum pavonii Mez
Panicum pavonii Mez = Panicum grumosum Nees
Reference: FP 719: 228; Zuloaga, F. O., 1987: 303.

Note: NN
Panicum petrosum Trin.
Panicum petrosum Trin. = Thrasya petrosa var. petrosa
Reference: Burman, A. G., 1985 [1987]: 59.
Panicum pilosum Sw.
Panicum pilosum Sw.
Synonyms: Panicum pilosum (Griseb. ex Hitchc.) R.W. Pohl, Panicum pilosum

Döll, Panicum pilosum Hitchc. & Chase
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, riversides, terra firme
forests. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Vásquez et al. s.n. (MO!)
Martín.
$
Panicum pilosum var. lancifolium (Griseb. ex Hitchc.) R.W. Pohl
Panicum pilosum var. lancifolium (Griseb. ex Hitchc.) R.W. Pohl = Panicum pilosum
Sw.
Panicum poaemorphum J. Presl
Panicum poaemorphum J. Presl = Poidium poaemorphum (J. Presl) Matthei
Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 108.

Note: NN
Panicum poiretianum Schult.
Panicum poiretianum Schult. = Setaria poiretiana (Schult.) Kunth
Panicum polygonatum Schrad.
Panicum polygonatum Schrad.
Synonyms: Panicum polygonatum Hack.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, grasslands, swamps. 0-
1500 m.
San Martín, Tumbes, Ucayali.
Panicum polygonoides Lam.

Panicum polygonoides Lam. = Isachne polygonoides (Lam.) Döll
Reference: , : 337.
Panicum polystachion L.
Panicum polystachion L. = Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schult.
Reference: Türpe, A. M., 1983: 110.

Note: NN
Panicum polystachyum (H. B. K.) J. Presl
Panicum polystachyum (H. B. K.) J. Presl = Hymenachne donacifolia (Raddi) Chase

Note: nom. illeg.
Panicum preslii Kunth
Panicum preslii Kunth = Panicum urvilleanum (Herter) Kunth

Note: NN
Panicum procerrimum Hack.
Panicum procerrimum Hack. = Lasiacis procerrima (Hack.) Hitchc.
Panicum pulchellum Raddi

Panicum pulchellum Raddi
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 225; Zuloaga, F. O. & T. Sendulsky, 1988: 440.
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno.
Panicum pumilum Poir.
Panicum pumilum Poir. = Setaria pumila (Poir.) Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Clayton, W. D. & S. A. Renvoize, 1982: 531.
Panicum purpureum Ruiz & Pav.
Panicum purpureum Ruiz & Pav. = Setaria purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) P. Beauv.
Panicum pycnoclados Tutin
Panicum pycnoclados Tutin = Dichanthelium pycnoclados (Tutin) Davidse
Reference: Zuloaga, F. O., R. P. Ellis & O. Morrone, 1993: 167; Davidse, pers.
comm..
Panicum quadriglume (Döll) Hitchc.
Panicum quadriglume (Döll) Hitchc.
Synonyms: Panicum quadriglume Döll

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m.
Panicum ramosum L.
Panicum ramosum L. = Urochloa ramosa (L.) Nguyen
Reference: FP 719: 226; Clayton, W. D. & S. A. Renvoize, 1982: 599.
Panicum rariflorum Lam.
Panicum rariflorum Lam. = Orthoclada laxa (Rich.) P. Beauv.
Panicum rigens Sw.
Panicum rigens Sw. = Isachne rigens (Sw.) Trin.
Panicum rudgei Roem. & Schult.
Panicum rudgei Roem. & Schult.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 226; Zuloaga, F. O., 1987: 476.

Panicum ruscifolium Kunth
Panicum ruscifolium Kunth = Lasiacis ruscifolia (Kunth) Hitchc.

Note: NN
$
Panicum sandiense Mez
Panicum sandiense Mez = Echinolaena minarum (Nees) Pilg.
Panicum sanguinale (L.) L.
Panicum sanguinale (L.) L. = Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.

Note: NN
Panicum secundum (J. Presl) Steud.
Panicum secundum (J. Presl) Steud. = Echinolaena minarum (Nees) Pilg.
Panicum sellowii Nees
Panicum sellowii Nees

Departments: Puno, San Martín.
Panicum setosum Sw.
Panicum setosum Sw. = Setaria setosa (Sw.) P. Beauv.
$
Panicum sorghoideum Desv.
Panicum sorghoideum Desv. = Lasiacis sorghoidea var. sorghoidea
Reference: FP 719: 233; Davidse, G., 1978[1979]: 1221.
Panicum spectabile Nees ex Trin.
Panicum spectabile Nees ex Trin. = Echinochloa polystachya var. spectabilis (Nees

ex Trin.) Mart. Crov.
Reference: Sánchez, E., 1969: 337.
Panicum stigmosum Trin.
Panicum stigmosum Trin.
Synonyms: Panicum stigmosum J. Presl, Panicum stigmosum Kunth

Reference: Zuloaga, F. O., R. P. Ellis & O. Morrone, 1993: 175.
Note: Not known from Peru. Known in Peru only from the type collection, Haenke
s.n. (PR), but the origin of the type is in doubt.
Panicum stoloniferum Poir.
Panicum stoloniferum Poir.
Panicum stoloniferum var.major (Trin.) Kunth
Panicum stoloniferum var. major (Trin.) Kunth
Synonyms: Panicum stoloniferum major G. Mey., Panicum stoloniferum var. major Trin.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 222; Zuloaga, F. O. & T. Sendulsky, 1988: 448; Davidse,
pers. comm..
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-1500 m.
Martín.
Panicum stoloniferum var.stoloniferum
Panicum stoloniferum var. stoloniferum

Departments: Junín, Loreto, San Martín.
Panicum stramineum Hitchc. & Chase
Panicum stramineum Hitchc. & Chase
Reference: McVaugh, R., 1983: 292; Tovar, O., 1986: 54.

Voucher: Cabanillas et al. 17 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, La Libertad.
Panicum tenax Rich.
Panicum tenax Rich. = Setaria tenax (Rich.) Desv.
Panicum tenuissimum Schrank
Panicum tenuissimum Schrank = Sporobolus tenuissimus (Schrank) Kuntze
Reference: , : 335.
$
Panicum trichanthum Nees
Panicum trichanthum Nees

Departments: Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Panicum trichoides Sw.
Panicum trichoides Sw.

Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura,
Panicum urvilleanum (Herter) Kunth
Panicum urvilleanum (Herter) Kunth
Synonyms: Panicum urvilleanum J. Presl, Panicum urvilleanum Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 228; Zuloaga, pers. comm..
Panicum verticillatum L.
Panicum verticillatum L. = Setaria verticillata (L.) P. Beauv.
Panicum vulpisetum Lam.

Panicum vulpisetum Lam. = Setaria vulpiseta (Lam.) Roem. & Schult.
Panicum zizanioides Kunth
Panicum zizanioides Kunth = Acroceras zizanioides (Kunth) Dandy
Reference: FP 719: 228; Zuloaga. F. O., O. Morrone & A. A. Saenz, 1988: 204.
Panopsis acuminata (Meissner) J.F. Macbr.
Panopsis acuminata (Meissner) J.F. Macbr. = Panopsis rubescens var. simulans J.F.
Macbr.
Panopsis rubescens (Pohl) Pittier
Panopsis rubescens (Pohl) Pittier
Panopsis rubescens var.simulans J.F. Macbr.
Panopsis rubescens var. simulans J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Panopsis rubescens simulans (Meissner) J.F. Macbr., Panopsis rubescens

simulans Pohl, Panopsis rubescens var. simulans Meisn.
Panopsis sessifolia (Richard) Rich.

Panopsis sessifolia (Richard) Rich.
Synonyms: Panopsis sessifolia Richard

Reference: Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 89.
Voucher: JHR 1/162 (G)
Papaver somniferum L.
Papaver somniferum L.
Paphinia lindeniana Rchb. f.
Paphinia lindeniana Rchb. f.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. .. 0-500 m.
Paphiopedilum boissierianum (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer
Paphiopedilum boissierianum (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer = Phragmipedium boissierianum (Rchb.

f.) Rolfe
Paphiopedilum caricinum (Lindl. & Paxton) Pfitzer
Paphiopedilum caricinum (Lindl. & Paxton) Pfitzer = Phragmipedium caricinum

(Lindley & Paxton) Rolfe
$
Paphiopedilum caudatum (Lindl.) Pfitzer
Paphiopedilum caudatum (Lindl.) Pfitzer = Phragmipedium caudatum (Lindl.) Rolfe
Paphiopedilum czerwiakowianum (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer
Paphiopedilum czerwiakowianum (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer = Phragmipedium czerwiakowianum

(Reichenbach f.) Rolfe
Paphiopedilum hartwegii (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer
Paphiopedilum hartwegii (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer = Phragmipedium longifolium (Rchb. f. &

Warsz.) Rolfe

Note: NN
Pappobolus acuminatus (S.F. Blake) Panero
Pappobolus acuminatus (S.F. Blake) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus acuminatus (S.F. Blake) H. Rob., Pappobolus acuminatus S.F.

Blake
Reference: Panero, J. L., 1992: 101.
Pappobolus acutifolia (S.F. Blake) Panero

Pappobolus acutifolia (S.F. Blake) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus acutifolia S.F. Blake

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: dry valleys, rocky slopes. 1500-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3008* (GH), Panero & Galán 1400 (F, HUT)
Pappobolus amoenus Panero
Pappobolus amoenus Panero
Pappobolus amoenus var.amoenus
Pappobolus amoenus var. amoenus

Voucher: Panero & Sánchez 1156* (HUT, US!), Sagástegui 3923 (HUT, US)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque.
Pappobolus amoenus var.lambayequensis Panero
Pappobolus amoenus var. lambayequensis Panero

Voucher: Cano 2077* (US), Townsend A206 (F)
Pappobolus andinus Panero
Pappobolus andinus Panero

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: dry valleys, shrublands. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Tovar 4153* (US!)
Pappobolus cajamarcensis Panero
Pappobolus cajamarcensis Panero

Voucher: Panero & Sánchez 1282* (TENN, USM), Sánchez 300 (F)
Pappobolus cinerascens S.F. Blake
Pappobolus cinerascens S.F. Blake

Voucher: Mathews s.n.[in 1836]* (US!), Panero 1357 (CPUN, TENN)
Pappobolus davidii Panero
Pappobolus davidii Panero

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean III: disturbed areas, shrublands. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Smith et al. 11984* (F, HUT)
Pappobolus decumbens Panero

Pappobolus decumbens Panero

Voucher: Panero & Sánchez 1345* (CPUN, F), Cabanillas 257 (CPUN, TENN)
Pappobolus discolor (S.F. Blake) Panero
Pappobolus discolor (S.F. Blake) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus discolor (S.F. Blake) H. Rob., Pappobolus discolor S.F. Blake
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: forests, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 2240* (F), Panero & Galán 1368 (US)
Pappobolus hutchisonii (H. Rob.) Panero
Pappobolus hutchisonii (H. Rob.) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus hutchisonii H. Rob.

Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5436* (US), Panero & Sánchez 1242 (HUT, TEX)
Pappobolus jelskii (Hieron.) Panero
Pappobolus jelskii (Hieron.) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus jelskii (Hieron.) H. Rob., Pappobolus jelskii Hieron.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Jelski 713* (US!), Ferreyra 8499 (MO, USM)
$
Pappobolus lanatus (Heiser) Panero
Pappobolus lanatus (Heiser) Panero
Pappobolus lanatus var.lanatus
Pappobolus lanatus var. lanatus
Synonyms: Pappobolus lanatus lanatus (Heiser) H. Rob., Pappobolus lanatus lanatus

Heiser
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, shrublands. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 5808* (US!), Goodspeed & Weberbauer 33063 (MO)
Departments: Ancash, Lima, Pasco.
Pappobolus lanatus var.sanctae Panero
Pappobolus lanatus var. sanctae Panero

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, shrublands. 2500-3000 m.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. Dillon has P. lanatus var.
santal Panero but Panero does not list it.
Voucher: Panero & Galán 1398* (US!, USM), Panero 1398 (US!)
Pappobolus lodicatus (Cuatrec.) Panero
Pappobolus lodicatus (Cuatrec.) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus lodicatus (Cuatrec.) H. Rob., Pappobolus lodicatus Cuatrec.

Voucher: Ellenberg 1756* (U frag. US!)
$
Pappobolus macranthus S.F. Blake
Pappobolus macranthus S.F. Blake

Voucher: Pearce 121* (K), Macbride 3646 (F!)
Pappobolus mathewsii (Hochr.) Panero
Pappobolus mathewsii (Hochr.) Panero
Pappobolus mathewsii var.mathewsii
Pappobolus mathewsii var. mathewsii
Synonyms: Pappobolus mathewsii mathewsii (Hochr.) H. Rob., Pappobolus mathewsii

mathewsii H. Rob., Pappobolus mathewsii mathewsii Hochr.
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: semi-deciduous forests. 500-2500 m.
Voucher: Mathews 3061* (US!), Panero 1353 (US, USM)
Pappobolus mathewsii var.occidentalis Panero
Pappobolus mathewsii var. occidentalis Panero

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, shrublands. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Sánchez 4699* (CPUN, TENN), López & Sagástegui 5185
(HUT, TENN)
$
Pappobolus mathewsii var.viridifolius Panero
Pappobolus mathewsii var. viridifolius Panero

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Panero & Sánchez 1257* (F, USM), Panero & Sánchez 1263
(CPUN, US)
Pappobolus microphyllus (Kunth) Panero
Pappobolus microphyllus (Kunth) Panero
Pappobolus microphyllus var.dillonii Panero
Pappobolus microphyllus var. dillonii Panero

Voucher: Dillon et al 2805* (F!)
Pappobolus microphyllus var.libertadianus Panero
Pappobolus microphyllus var. libertadianus Panero

Note: Dillon has P. microphyllus var. liberus Panero but Panero does not list it.
Voucher: Sagástegui 11820* (NY), López 1955 (HUT, US)
$
Pappobolus microphyllus var.microphyllus
Pappobolus microphyllus var. microphyllus
Synonyms: Pappobolus microphyllus microphyllus (Kunth) Benth. ex Hieron., comb.

illeg., Pappobolus microphyllus microphyllus (Kunth) Cass., Pappobolus microphyllus
microphyllus (Kunth) H. Rob., Pappobolus microphyllus microphyllus Kunth,
Pappobolus microphyllus microphyllus Torr. & A. Gray
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3683* (P-H&B), López 8737 (F, HUT)
Pappobolus microphyllus var.soukupii Panero
Pappobolus microphyllus var. soukupii Panero

Voucher: Soukup 4548* (US!)
Pappobolus mollicomus S.F. Blake
Pappobolus mollicomus S.F. Blake

Voucher: Mathews s.n.[in 1836]* (GH), Cevasco 13391 (USM)
Pappobolus robinsonii Panero
Pappobolus robinsonii Panero

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, riversides, rocky slopes. 2000-
3000 m.
Voucher: Panero et al. 955* (US!), Panero & Sánchez 1213 (TENN)
Pappobolus sagasteguii (H. Rob.) Panero
Pappobolus sagasteguii (H. Rob.) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus sagasteguii H. Rob.

Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5397* (F), Sagástegui et al. 8456 (HUT, TENN)
Pappobolus sanchezii Panero
Pappobolus sanchezii Panero

Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Panero 1195* (F, HUT), Sánchez 2756 (CPUN, F)
Pappobolus schillingii Panero
Pappobolus schillingii Panero

Voucher: López et al. 7787 (HUT)
Departments: Piura.
Pappobolus senex (S.F. Blake) Panero

Pappobolus senex (S.F. Blake) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus senex (S.F. Blake) H. Rob., Pappobolus senex S.F. Blake
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1572* (US!), Woytkowski 34247 (MO!)
Pappobolus smithii (Ferreyra) Panero
Pappobolus smithii (Ferreyra) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus smithii Ferreyra

Voucher: Ferreyra 1296* (USM), López & Sagástegui 3309 (HUT, TENN)
Pappobolus storkhortonianus Panero
Pappobolus storkhortonianus Panero

Voucher: Stork & Horton 10316* (UC), Tovar 3581 (LP)
Pappobolus stuebelii (Hieron.) Panero
Pappobolus stuebelii (Hieron.) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus stuebelii (Hieron.) H. Rob., Pappobolus stuebelii H. Rob.,

Pappobolus stuebelii Hieron.
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: rocky slopes. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Stubel 34e* (US!), Dillon & Turner 1636 (MO!)
$
Pappobolus subniveus (S.F. Blake) Panero
Pappobolus subniveus (S.F. Blake) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus subniveus (S.F. Blake) H. Rob., Pappobolus subniveus Hieron.,

Pappobolus subniveus S.F. Blake
Voucher: Stuebel 34d* (US!), Panero 1136 (MO!)
Pappobolus szyszylowiczii (Hieron.) Panero
Pappobolus szyszylowiczii (Hieron.) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus szyszylowiczii Hieron.

Voucher: Jelski 732* (B destroyed)
Pappobolus verbesinoides (Kunth) Panero
Pappobolus verbesinoides (Kunth) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus verbesinoides (Kunth) H. Rob., Pappobolus verbesinoides Kunth

Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3534* (P-H&B), Ferreyra & Chanco 20463 (TENN, USM)
Departments: Piura.
Pappobolus viridior (S.F. Blake) Panero

Pappobolus viridior (S.F. Blake) Panero
Synonyms: Pappobolus viridior (S.F. Blake) H. Rob., Pappobolus viridior S.F. Blake
Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean III: shrublands, rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1070* (US!), Dillon & Turner 1329 (MO)
Pappobolus woodsonianus Cuatrec.
Pappobolus woodsonianus Cuatrec.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: riversides, shrublands. 2000-2500 m.
Pappobolus youngiorum Panero
Pappobolus youngiorum Panero

Voucher: Young 2936* (F), Gentry et al. 23129 (F!)
Pappophorum alopecuroideum Vahl
Pappophorum alopecuroideum Vahl = Pappophorum pappiferum (Lam.) Kuntze
Reference: FP 719: 143; Reeder, J. R. & L. J. Toolin, 1989: 349.
Pappophorum laguroideum Schrad. ex Schult.
Pappophorum laguroideum Schrad. ex Schult. = Pappophorum pappiferum (Lam.) Kuntze

Reference: FP 719: 143; Reeder, J. R. & L. J. Toolin, 1989: 349.
Pappophorum mucronulatum Nees
Pappophorum mucronulatum Nees

Pappophorum pappiferum (Lam.) Kuntze
Pappophorum pappiferum (Lam.) Kuntze
Synonyms: Pappophorum pappiferum Lam., Pappophorum pappiferum Schrad. ex Schult.,

Pappophorum pappiferum Vahl
Reference: Reeder, J. R. & L. J. Toolin, 1989: 349.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, rocky
slopes. 0-4000 m.
Voucher: Sánchez 2963 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Lambayeque, Lima.
Pappophorum wrightii S. Watson
Pappophorum wrightii S. Watson = Enneapogon desvauxii P. Beauv.
Parabesleria costaricensis Oerst.
Parabesleria costaricensis Oerst. = Besleria solanoides Kunth
Reference: Morton, C. V., 1939: 418.
$
Paracalia jungioides (Hook. & Arn.) Cuatrec.
Paracalia jungioides (Hook. & Arn.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Paracalia jungioides (D.C.) Schultz-Bip, Paracalia jungioides DC.,

Paracalia jungioides Hook. & Arn.
Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui 14074 (F)
Parachimarrhis breviloba Ducke
Parachimarrhis breviloba Ducke

Paraclarisia amazonia Ducke
Paraclarisia amazonia Ducke = Sorocea duckei W.C. Burger
Reference: Burger, W. C., J. Lanjouw & J. G. Wessels Boer, 1962: 473; Berg, C. C. &
R. W. A. P. Akkermans, 1985: 391.
Paradisea stenantha (Ravenna) Ravenna
Paradisea stenantha (Ravenna) Ravenna = Diamena stenantha (Ravenna) Ravenna
Paradrymonia ciliosa (Mart.) Wiehler

Paradrymonia ciliosa (Mart.) Wiehler
Synonyms: Paradrymonia ciliosa (Bentham) Hanst., Paradrymonia ciliosa (Bentham)

Hanst., Paradrymonia ciliosa (Mart.) Hanst., Paradrymonia ciliosa (Mart.) Kuntze,
Paradrymonia ciliosa Mart.
Paradrymonia glabra (Bentham) Hanst.
Paradrymonia glabra (Bentham) Hanst. = Paradrymonia ciliosa (Mart.) Wiehler
Paradrymonia hansteiniana (Mansf.) Wiehler
Paradrymonia hansteiniana (Mansf.) Wiehler
Synonyms: Paradrymonia hansteiniana Mansf.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 5988* (B destroyed)
Paradrymonia longifolia (Poepp.) Wiehler
Paradrymonia longifolia (Poepp.) Wiehler
Synonyms: Paradrymonia longifolia (Poepp.) Hanst., Paradrymonia longifolia Poepp.

Voucher: Poeppig 1671* (W), Schunke 3097 (USM!)
Paradrymonia metamorphophylla (Donn. Sm.) Wiehler

Paradrymonia metamorphophylla (Donn. Sm.) Wiehler
Synonyms: Paradrymonia metamorphophylla Donn. Sm.

Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean II: cloud forests. 1500-2500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco, San Martín.
Paragonia pyramidata (Richard) Bureau
Paragonia pyramidata (Richard) Bureau
Synonyms: Paragonia pyramidata Richard

Voucher: Gentry & Smith 45106 (MO!, USM!)
Paragynoxys lopezii (Dillon & Sagast.) Cuatrec.
Paragynoxys lopezii (Dillon & Sagast.) Cuatrec. = Gynoxys lopezii Dillon & Sagast.
Parahancornia peruviana Monach.
Parahancornia peruviana Monach.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1343: 367; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau, & L. Stutz
de Ortega, 1990: 424; Zarucchi, J. L., 1991: 43.
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand, terra firme forests. 0-500
m.
Voucher: Klug 2979* (F), Díaz et al. 1084 (MO!)
$
Parakohleria abunda Wiehler
Parakohleria abunda Wiehler

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Parakohleria melastoma (Poepp.) Wiehler
Parakohleria melastoma (Poepp.) Wiehler
Synonyms: Parakohleria melastoma (Poepp.) Hanst., Parakohleria melastoma Poepp.

Parakohleria purpurea (Poepp.) Wiehler
Parakohleria purpurea (Poepp.) Wiehler
Synonyms: Parakohleria purpurea (Poepp.) Hanst., Parakohleria purpurea Poepp.

Parakohleria sprucei (Britton) Wiehler
Parakohleria sprucei (Britton) Wiehler
Synonyms: Parakohleria sprucei (Britton) Fritsch, Parakohleria sprucei Britton

$
Parakohleria vinicolor Wiehler
Parakohleria vinicolor Wiehler

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Wiehler 75266* (SEL)
Parakohleria weberbaueri (Fritsch) Wiehler
Parakohleria weberbaueri (Fritsch) Wiehler
Synonyms: Parakohleria weberbaueri Fritsch

Paramachaerium schunkei Rudd
Paramachaerium schunkei Rudd

Paramongaia weberbaueri Velarde
Paramongaia weberbaueri Velarde

Reference: Velarde, M. O., 1949: 491.
Ecology: Endemic herb. .. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Velarde 500* (Hb. Velarde)
Paranephelius bullatus A. Gray ex Wedd.
Paranephelius bullatus A. Gray ex Wedd.
Synonyms: Paranephelius bullatus (A. Gray ex Wedd.) Hieron.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Paranephelius ferreyrii H. Rob.
Paranephelius ferreyrii H. Rob.
Synonyms: Paranephelius ferreyrii (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Brettell, Paranephelius

ferreyrii Hieron.
Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 3311* (US), Sagástegui 10356 (F!)
Paranephelius jelskii (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Brettell
Paranephelius jelskii (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Brettell = Paranephelius ferreyrii H.

Rob.
Paranephelius ovatus Wedd.

Paranephelius ovatus Wedd.
Synonyms: Paranephelius ovatus (Wedd.) J. Ball

Ecology. 2500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Tovar 4206 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Junín,
Lima, Puno.
Paranephelius uniflorus Poepp. & Endl.
Paranephelius uniflorus Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Paranephelius uniflorus (Poepp. & Endl.) Sch. Bip.

Ecology. 3000-4500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Brunel 569 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Junín, Huancavelica, Pasco.
Paranephelius wurdackii H. Rob.
Paranephelius wurdackii H. Rob.

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 1240* (NY)
Paraprotium nitidifolium Cuatrec.
Paraprotium nitidifolium Cuatrec. = Protium nitidifolium (Cuatrecasas) Daly
Reference: Daly, D. C., 1989: 25.
Paraselinum weberbaueri H. Wolff

Paraselinum weberbaueri H. Wolff
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: cloud forests. 3500-4500 m.
Note: Monotypic genus known only from Peru.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5471* (B destroyed), Rauh & Hirsch P1832 (UC!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Pasco.
Paraserianthes lophantha (Willd.) I.C. Nielsen
Paraserianthes lophantha (Willd.) I.C. Nielsen
Synonyms: Paraserianthes lophantha (Vent.) J.F. Macbr., Paraserianthes lophantha

(Willd.) Benth., Paraserianthes lophantha Andr., Paraserianthes lophantha Vent.,
Paraserianthes lophantha Willd.
Reference: Nielsen, I., Ph. Guinet & T. Baretta-Kuipers, 1983: 326.
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 11065 (F)
Departments: Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Junín.
Parastrephia ericoides Nutt.
Parastrephia ericoides Nutt. = Parastrephia phylicaeformis (Walp. ) Cabrera
Parastrephia lepidophylla (Wedd.) Cabrera
Parastrephia lepidophylla (Wedd.) Cabrera
Synonyms: Parastrephia lepidophylla Cabrera, Parastrephia lepidophylla Wedd.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean III: grasslands, shrublands. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Ellenberg 4919 (US!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Moquegua.
Parastrephia lucida (Meyen) Cabrera

Parastrephia lucida (Meyen) Cabrera
Synonyms: Parastrephia lucida (Meyen) Hieron., Parastrephia lucida (Wedd.) Benth. &
Hook. f., Parastrephia lucida Meyen
Ecology. 4000- > 4500 m.
Parastrephia phylicaeformis (Walp. ) Cabrera
Parastrephia phylicaeformis (Walp. ) Cabrera
Synonyms: Parastrephia phylicaeformis (Walp. ) Hieron., Parastrephia phylicaeformis

Meyen, Parastrephia phylicaeformis Nutt.
Ecology. > 4500 m.
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco.
Parastrephia quadrangularis (Meyen) Cabrera
Parastrephia quadrangularis (Meyen) Cabrera = Lepidophyllum quadrangulare (Jacq.)

Benth. & Hook. f.
Parathesis adenanthera (Miq.) Hook. f.
Parathesis adenanthera (Miq.) Hook. f.
Synonyms: Parathesis adenanthera Miq.

Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1529* , Núñez 11386 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, San Martín.
$
Parathesis amazonica Mez
Parathesis amazonica Mez

Ecology: Native treelet. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ule 9686* (G), Foster 11914 (MO!)
Parathesis candolleana Mez
Parathesis candolleana Mez

Ecology: Native treelet. Andean I: forests, riversides. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Mexia 8286 (UC)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín.
Parathesis peruviana (A. DC.) Pax
Parathesis peruviana (A. DC.) Pax = Geissanthus peruvianus (A. DC.) Mez
Paratropia cumingiana C. Presl
Paratropia cumingiana C. Presl = Polyscias cumingiana (C. Presl) Fern.- Vill.
Reference: Lowry II, P. P., J. S. Miller & D. G. Frodin, 1989: 8.
Pariana aurita Swallen
Pariana aurita Swallen

Voucher: Mexia 6116* (US)
Pariana bicolor Tutin
Pariana bicolor Tutin

Pariana campestris Aubl.
Pariana campestris Aubl.
Synonyms: Pariana campestris Nees

Pariana gracilis Döll
Pariana gracilis Döll
Reference: Tutin, T. G., 1936: 359.

Voucher: Schunke A45 (US)
Pariana lunata Nees
Pariana lunata Nees = Pariana campestris Aubl.

Pariana maynensis Huber
Pariana maynensis Huber = Pariana radiciflora Sagot ex Döll
Pariana radiciflora Sagot ex Döll
Pariana radiciflora Sagot ex Döll
Synonyms: Pariana radiciflora Huber, Pariana radiciflora Rich. ex Doell, Pariana

radiciflora Swallen, Pariana radiciflora Tutin
Voucher: Plowman et al. 6719 (US)
Pariana setosa Swallen
Pariana setosa Swallen = Pariana radiciflora Sagot ex Döll
Reference: Tovar, O., 1986: 55; Davidse, pers. comm..
Pariana stenolemma Tutin
Pariana stenolemma Tutin

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Pariana trichosticha Tutin
Pariana trichosticha Tutin

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Pariana velutina Swallen
Pariana velutina Swallen

Pariana vulgaris Tutin
Pariana vulgaris Tutin = Pariana radiciflora Sagot ex Döll
Reference: Tutin, T. G., 1936: 353; Judziewicz, E. J., 1990[1991]: 444.
Pariana zingiberina Rich. ex Doell
Pariana zingiberina Rich. ex Doell = Pariana radiciflora Sagot ex Döll
Parietaria debilis G. Forst.
Parietaria debilis G. Forst.

Synonyms: Parietaria debilis Wedd.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-
3000 m.
Voucher: Dillon & Dillon 3711 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, San Martín.
Parietaria debilis var. ceratosantha Wedd.
Parietaria debilis var. ceratosantha Wedd. = Parietaria debilis G. Forst.
Parietaria judaica L.
Parietaria judaica L.
Reference: Gutte, G, K. Müller & C. Müller, 1986: 192.

Voucher: Gutte 495 (LZ)
Departments: Lima.
Parietaria microphylla L.
Parietaria microphylla L. = Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm.
Reference: FP 1235: 345; Killip, E. P., 1939: 477.
Parinari excelsa Sabine
Parinari excelsa Sabine

$
Parinari klugii Prance
Parinari klugii Prance
Reference: Prance, G. T., 1972: 190; Prance, G. T., 1989: 57.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas, terra
Voucher: Klug 3870* (MO!), Tunqui 105 (MO!)
Parinari occidentalis Prance
Parinari occidentalis Prance

Parinari parilis J.F. Macbr.
Parinari parilis J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1074; Prance, G. T., 1972: 193; Prance, G. T., 1989:
58.
Note: As "Parinarium parile" in the Flora of Peru. One of the vouchers cited in
the Flora of Peru, Klug 3870, is the type of P. klugii Prance (1972a).
Voucher: Williams 1140* (F), Rimachi 4378 (MO!)
Parivoa tomentosa Aubl.
Parivoa tomentosa Aubl. = Crudia tomentosa (Aubl.) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: FP 21: 123; Amshoff, G. J. H., 1953: 81; Vieira, M. das G. G., 1990: 92.
$
Parkeria pteridoides Hook.
Parkeria pteridoides Hook. = Ceratopteris pteridoides (Hook.) Hieron.
Reference: FP 7300: 87; 7728.
Parkia decussata Ducke
Parkia decussata Ducke
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 111; Hopkins, H. C. F., 1986: 83.

Parkia igneiflora Ducke
Parkia igneiflora Ducke
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 111; Hopkins, H. C. F., 1986: 69; Spichiger, R., J.
Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 340.
Parkia multijuga Benth.
Parkia multijuga Benth.
Synonyms: Parkia multijuga Rolfe

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 112; Hopkins, H. C. F., 1986: 84; Spichiger, R., J.
Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega, 1989: 342.
$
Parkia nitida Miq.
Parkia nitida Miq.
Synonyms: Parkia nitida Spruce ex Benth.

Reference: Hopkins, H. C. F., 1986: 64.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, forests on white sand. 0-1000
m.
Martín.
Parkia oppositifolia Spruce ex Benth.
Parkia oppositifolia Spruce ex Benth. = Parkia nitida Miq.
Reference: FP 21: 112; Hopkins, H. C. F., 1986: 64.
Parkia panurensis Benth. ex H.C. Hopkins
Parkia panurensis Benth. ex H.C. Hopkins

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests on white sand, swamps, terra firme
forests. 0-500 m.
Parkia pendula (Willd.) Benth. ex Walp.
Parkia pendula (Willd.) Benth. ex Walp.

Voucher: Begazo 152 (MO!)
$
Parkia velutina Benoist
Parkia velutina Benoist
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 113; Hopkins, H. C. F., 1986: 87.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: forests, forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Parkinsonia aculeata L.
Parkinsonia aculeata L.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I, Coastal: desert, forests. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ica, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Tumbes.
Parodiella erectifolia (Swallen) Reeder & C. Reeder
Parodiella erectifolia (Swallen) Reeder & C. Reeder = Ortachne erectifolia

(Swallen) Clayton
Parodiochloa trachyantha (Philippi) A.M. Molina
Parodiochloa trachyantha (Philippi) A.M. Molina = Raimundochloa trachyantha

(Philippi) A.M. Molina
Reference: Molina, A. M., 1986: 112.
$
Parodiolyra lateralis (J. Presl ex Nees) Soderstr. & Zuloaga
Parodiolyra lateralis (J. Presl ex Nees) Soderstr. & Zuloaga
Synonyms: Parodiolyra lateralis (J. Presl ex Nees) Chase, Parodiolyra lateralis

Döll, Parodiolyra lateralis J. Presl ex Nees
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: riversides, savannas. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Poeppig 976 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Pasco, San Martín.
Paronychia andina A. Gray
Paronychia andina A. Gray
Paronychia andina subsp.andina
Paronychia andina subsp. andina
Synonyms: Paronychia andina andina Muschl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 613; Chaudhri, M. N., 1968: 191.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, riversides, submerged.
2500-4500 m.
Voucher: Wilkes Expd. s.n.* (US), Tupayachi 1100 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín, La Libertad.
Paronychia andina subsp.boliviana Chaudhri
Paronychia andina subsp. boliviana Chaudhri
Paronychia andina subsp.purpurea Chaudhri
Paronychia andina subsp. purpurea Chaudhri
Reference: Chaudhri, M. N., 1968: 193.

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. .. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone s.n.* [2 Oct 1922] (G), Smith & Buddensick 11023
(MO!)
Paronychia bonariensis DC.
Paronychia bonariensis DC.

Note: Not known from Peru. Recorded for Peru probably due to misdetermination.
Paronychia cabrerae Chaudhri
Paronychia cabrerae Chaudhri
Paronychia chilensis DC.
Paronychia chilensis DC.

Note: Specimens cited under this name in the Flora of Peru are treated under four
different species by Chaudhri (1968).
Paronychia communis Cambess.
Paronychia communis Cambess.
Paronychia communis var.communis

Paronychia communis var. communis
Paronychia communis var.pungentifolia Chaudhri
Paronychia communis var. pungentifolia Chaudhri
Paronychia ellenbergii Chaudhri
Paronychia ellenbergii Chaudhri

Voucher: Ellenberg 1033* (U)
Departments: Cuzco.
Paronychia fusciflora Chaudhri
Paronychia fusciflora Chaudhri

Voucher: Ellenberg 1960* (U)
Paronychia libertadiana Chaudhri
Paronychia libertadiana Chaudhri

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000-4500 m.
Voucher: Hutchison et al. 6269* (F), Smith et al. 9818 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Lima.
$
Paronychia limaei Chaudhri
Paronychia limaei Chaudhri

Voucher: Goodspeed et al. 11510* (UC), Rauh-Hirsch P205 (F)
Departments: Lima.
Paronychia macbridei Chaudhri
Paronychia macbridei Chaudhri

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2000-3000 m.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. The type collection was cited
under P. chilensis in the Flora of Peru.
Voucher: Macbride 3243* (G), Sagástegui et al. 9976 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huánuco.
Paronychia mandoniana Rohrbach
Paronychia mandoniana Rohrbach
Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 614; Chaudhri, M. N., 1968:.

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes,
Note: Neither of the two collections listed in the Flora of Peru were cited by
Chaudhri (1968).
Voucher: Macbride 852 (F), Smith et al. 10473 (MO!)
Departments: Lima, Puno.
Paronychia membranacea Muschl.
Paronychia membranacea Muschl. = Paronychia andina subsp. andina
Reference: FP 1267: 614; Chaudhri, M. N., 1968: 191.

$
Paronychia microphylla Philippi
Paronychia microphylla Philippi
Paronychia microphylla var.arequepensis Chaudhri
Paronychia microphylla var. arequepensis Chaudhri

Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Eyerdam & Beetle 22161* (MO!), Solomon 2785 (MO!)

Paronychia microphylla var.microphylla
Paronychia microphylla var. microphylla

Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Eyerdam & Beetle 22125 (MO!)
Paronychia muschleri Chaudhri
Paronychia muschleri Chaudhri
Synonyms: Paronychia muschleri Muschl.

Reference: Chaudhri, M. N., 1968: 168; Cano, A. & N. Valencia, 1991: 60.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: cloud forests, disturbed areas, grasslands,
Voucher: Weberbauer 984* (B), Valencia & Cano 1750 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Lima, Puno.
$
Paronychia peruviana Chaudhri
Paronychia peruviana Chaudhri

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500-4500 m.
Voucher: Ellenberg 262* (U), Hill 415 (K)
Departments: Puno.
Paronychia polygonoides Muschl.
Paronychia polygonoides Muschl. = Paronychia weberbaueri Chaudhri

Note: nom. illeg.
Paronychia rigida Muschl.
Paronychia rigida Muschl. = Paronychia muschleri Chaudhri

Note: nom. illeg.
Paronychia weberbaueri Chaudhri
Paronychia weberbaueri Chaudhri
Synonyms: Paronychia weberbaueri Muschl.

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky
Voucher: Weberbauer 2702* (G), Smith et al. 9363 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Junín.
$
Parosela astragalina (Kunth) Killip ex J.F. Macbr.
Parosela astragalina (Kunth) Killip ex J.F. Macbr. = Dalea coerulea (L. f.) Schinz
& Thell. var. coerulea
Parosela ayavacensis (Kunth) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela ayavacensis (Kunth) J.F. Macbr. = Dalea ayavacensis Kunth var. ayavacensis
Parosela boliviana (Britton) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela boliviana (Britton) J.F. Macbr. = Dalea boliviana Britton
Parosela boliviana var. herrerae J.F. Macbr.
Parosela boliviana var. herrerae J.F. Macbr. = Dalea boliviana Britton
Parosela calocalyx (Ulbr.) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela calocalyx (Ulbr.) J.F. Macbr. = Dalea cylindrica Hook. var. cylindrica
Parosela catatona J.F. Macbr.

Parosela catatona J.F. Macbr. = Dalea cylindrica var. haenkeana Barneby
Parosela coerulea (L. f.) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela coerulea (L. f.) J.F. Macbr. = Dalea coerulea (L. f.) Schinz & Thell. var.
coerulea
Parosela cylindrica (Hook.) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela cylindrica (Hook.) J.F. Macbr. = Dalea cylindrica Hook. var. cylindrica
Parosela exilis (DC.) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela exilis (DC.) J.F. Macbr. = Dalea exilis DC.
Parosela fieldii J.F. Macbr.
Parosela fieldii J.F. Macbr. = Dalea fieldii (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela galbina J.F. Macbr.
Parosela galbina J.F. Macbr. = Dalea galbina (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela leporina (Aiton) Rydb.
Parosela leporina (Aiton) Rydb. = Dalea leporina (Aiton) Bullock
Parosela macrostachya (R. & P. ex Moricand) Rose
Parosela macrostachya (R. & P. ex Moricand) Rose = Dalea coerulea var. longispicata
(Ulbr.) Barneby
Parosela microphylla (Kunth) Rose
Parosela microphylla (Kunth) Rose = Dalea carthagenensis var. brevis (J.F. Macbr.)
Barneby
Parosela microphylla var. brevis J.F. Macbr.
Parosela microphylla var. brevis J.F. Macbr. = Dalea carthagenensis var. brevis
(J.F. Macbr.) Barneby
Parosela myriadenia (Ulbr.) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela myriadenia (Ulbr.) J.F. Macbr. = Dalea myriadenia Ulbr.

$
Parosela onobrychis (DC.) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela onobrychis (DC.) J.F. Macbr. = Dalea onobrychis DC.
Parosela pazensis (Rusby) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela pazensis (Rusby) J.F. Macbr. = Dalea pazensis Rusby
Parosela pennellii J.F. Macbr.
Parosela pennellii J.F. Macbr. = Dalea pennellii (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr. var.
pennellii
Parosela peruviana J.F. Macbr.
Parosela peruviana J.F. Macbr. = Dalea exilis DC.
Parosela sawadae J.F. Macbr.
Parosela sawadae J.F. Macbr. = Dalea cylindrica var. nova (Ulbr.) Barneby
$
Parosela sericophylla (Ulbr.) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela sericophylla (Ulbr.) J.F. Macbr. = Dalea weberbaueri var. sericophylla

(Ulbr.) Barneby
Parosela smithii J.F. Macbr.
Parosela smithii J.F. Macbr. = Dalea smithii (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela sulfurea (Ulbr.) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela sulfurea (Ulbr.) J.F. Macbr. = Dalea cylindrica var. sulfurea (Ulbr.)
Barneby
Parosela trichocalyx (Ulbr.) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela trichocalyx (Ulbr.) J.F. Macbr. = Dalea carthagenensis var. trichocalyx

(Ulbr.) Barneby
Parosela vicina J.F. Macbr.
Parosela vicina J.F. Macbr. = Dalea carthagenensis var. brevis (J.F. Macbr.)
Barneby
$
Parosela weberbaueri (Ulbr.) J.F. Macbr.
Parosela weberbaueri (Ulbr.) J.F. Macbr. = Dalea weberbaueri Ulbr. var. weberbaueri
Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch.
Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch.
Synonyms: Parthenocissus quinquefolia L.

Reference: Soukup, J., 1972: 188.
Ecology: Cultivated vine. .
Note: Said to be cultivated as an ornamental; no voucher seen.
Pasithea coerulea (Ruiz & Pavon) D. Don
Pasithea coerulea (Ruiz & Pavon) D. Don
Synonyms: Pasithea coerulea Ruiz & Pav.

Voucher: Ferreyra 6450 (MOL!)
Paspalanthium stoloniferum (Bosc) Desv.
Paspalanthium stoloniferum (Bosc) Desv. = Paspalum racemosum Lam.
Paspalidium geminatum (Forssk.) Stapf

Paspalidium geminatum (Forssk.) Stapf
Synonyms: Paspalidium geminatum Forssk.

Ecology: Native aquatic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian, Coastal: forests. 0-500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.
Paspalum acuminatum Raddi
Paspalum acuminatum Raddi

Voucher: Anderson 668 (K)
Departments: Piura.
Paspalum anderssonii Mez
Paspalum anderssonii Mez

Note: Status undetermined.
Voucher: Andersson s.n.* (US)
Paspalum attenuatum J. Presl
Paspalum attenuatum J. Presl = Axonopus elegantulus (J. Presl) Hitchc.
Reference: FP 719: 204; Tovar, O., 1957: 86; Black, G. A., 1963: 132.
Paspalum aureum (P. Beauv.) Kunth
Paspalum aureum (P. Beauv.) Kunth = Axonopus aureus P. Beauv.

Paspalum barclayi Chase
Paspalum barclayi Chase

Voucher: Barclay 311* (US frag. MO!)
Departments: Lima.
Paspalum biglume Steud.
Paspalum biglume Steud. = Paspalum racemosum Lam.
Paspalum bonplandianum Flüggé
Paspalum bonplandianum Flüggé

Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (B?), Peyton & Peyton 148 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Lambayeque.
Paspalum bonplandianum var. glabrescens Pilg.
Paspalum bonplandianum var. glabrescens Pilg. = Paspalum pilgerianum Chase
Paspalum candidum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Flüggé) Kunth

Paspalum candidum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Flüggé) Kunth
Synonyms: Paspalum candidum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Flüggé, Paspalum candidum

Steud. ex Lechler
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: lomas, rocky slopes. 1000-3500 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, La Libertad,
Pasco.
Paspalum capillare Lam.
Paspalum capillare Lam. = Axonopus capillaris (Lam.) Chase
Paspalum ceresia (Kuntze) Chase
Paspalum ceresia (Kuntze) Chase
Synonyms: Paspalum ceresia (Pers.) Roem. & Schult., Paspalum ceresia Kuntze,
Paspalum ceresia Lam., Paspalum ceresia P. Beauv., Paspalum ceresia Pers.
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica.
Paspalum ceresioides Carrillo
Paspalum ceresioides Carrillo
Paspalum ciliatum Kunth
Paspalum ciliatum Kunth = Paspalum humboldtianum Flüggé

Paspalum compressum (Sw.) Raspail
Paspalum compressum (Sw.) Raspail = Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv.
Paspalum conjugatum Bergius
Paspalum conjugatum Bergius

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-
1500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de
Dios, Puno, San Martín, Tumbes, Ucayali.
Paspalum conspersum Schrad.
Paspalum conspersum Schrad.

Voucher: Seibeil 2180 (US)
Departments: Huánuco, La Libertad.
Paspalum convexum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Flüggé
Paspalum convexum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Flüggé

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Anderson 946 (US!)
$
Paspalum crassum Chase
Paspalum crassum Chase

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: grasslands. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Hitchcock 22076 (US)
Paspalum decumbens Sw.
Paspalum decumbens Sw.

Paspalum depauperatum J. Presl
Paspalum depauperatum J. Presl

Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Solomon 3190A (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima, Piura.
Paspalum distichum L.
Paspalum distichum L.
Synonyms: Paspalum distichum J. Presl

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 212; Galán-Mera, A., 1989: 194.
Ecology. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Sagástegui 7621 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima, La Libertad.
Paspalum elegans (Pers.) Roem. & Schult.
Paspalum elegans (Pers.) Roem. & Schult. = Paspalum ceresia (Kuntze) Chase
Paspalum elegantulum J. Presl
Paspalum elegantulum J. Presl = Axonopus elegantulus (J. Presl) Hitchc.
Paspalum exasperatum Nees
Paspalum exasperatum Nees = Axonopus aureus P. Beauv.
Paspalum fasciculatum Willd. ex Flüggé
Paspalum fasciculatum Willd. ex Flüggé

Ecology: Native aquatic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian, Andean I: emergent,
Paspalum flavum J. Presl

Paspalum flavum J. Presl
Synonyms: Paspalum flavum Mez

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Sullivan et al. 844 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima, Tacna.
Paspalum fuscescens J. Presl
Paspalum fuscescens J. Presl = Digitaria fuscescens (J. Presl) Henrard
Reference: Clayton, W. D. & S. A. Renvoize, 1982: 634; Killeen, T. J., 1990: 149.
Paspalum gossypinum Mez
Paspalum gossypinum Mez = Paspalum hyalinum Nees ex Trin.
Paspalum gregoriense Mez
Paspalum gregoriense Mez = Axonopus elegantulus (J. Presl) Hitchc.
Paspalum haenkeanum J. Presl
Paspalum haenkeanum J. Presl

Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Barranca 537 (US)
$
Paspalum haenkeanum var. minimum Nees
Paspalum haenkeanum var. minimum Nees = Paspalum pygmaeum Hack.
Paspalum heterotrichon Trin.
Paspalum heterotrichon Trin.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: forests, rocky slopes. 500-2000 m.
Voucher: Chávez 3339 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco.
Paspalum humboldtianum Flüggé
Paspalum humboldtianum Flüggé
Synonyms: Paspalum humboldtianum Kunth

Voucher: Gentry & Daly 19167 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Lima,
Loreto.
Paspalum hyalinum Nees ex Trin.
Paspalum hyalinum Nees ex Trin.
Synonyms: Paspalum hyalinum Mez

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: disturbed areas, grasslands. 500-1500 m.
$
Paspalum inconstans Chase
Paspalum inconstans Chase

Voucher: Marin 1241 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Paspalum iridifolium Poepp.
Paspalum iridifolium Poepp. = Axonopus iridifolius (Poepp.) G.A. Black
Paspalum killipii (Hitchc.) Zuloaga & Soderstr.
Paspalum killipii (Hitchc.) Zuloaga & Soderstr.
Synonyms: Paspalum killipii Hitchc.

Reference: Zuloaga, F. O. & T. R. Soderstrom, 1985: 40.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22804* (US), Killip & Smith 22803 (US!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica.
Paspalum kleineanum J. Presl
Paspalum kleineanum J. Presl = Paspalum vaginatum Sw.
Paspalum lanatum Kunth
Paspalum lanatum Kunth = Leptocoryphium lanatum (Kunth) Nees

Paspalum lineispatha Mez
Paspalum lineispatha Mez

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500-
3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3142* (B), Smith & Buddensiek 10901 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, La Libertad.
Paspalum lividum Trin. ex Schltdl.
Paspalum lividum Trin. ex Schltdl.

Voucher: Fosberg 28025 (MO!)
Paspalum longiflorum Retz.
Paspalum longiflorum Retz. = Digitaria longiflora (Retz.) Pers.
Reference: Veldkamp, J. F., 1973: 66.

Note: NN
Paspalum macrophyllum Kunth
Paspalum macrophyllum Kunth

Voucher: Wurdack 492 (US, USM!)
$
Paspalum macropodium Steud.
Paspalum macropodium Steud. = Axonopus compressus (Sw.) P. Beauv.
Reference: Black, G. A., 1963: 82.
Paspalum mathewsii Mez
Paspalum mathewsii Mez = Axonopus mathewsii (Mez) Hitchc.
Paspalum membranaceum Lam.
Paspalum membranaceum Lam. = Paspalum ceresia (Kuntze) Chase

Note: nom. illeg.
Paspalum microstachyum J. Presl
Paspalum microstachyum J. Presl

Paspalum minimum Meyen
Paspalum minimum Meyen = Paspalum pygmaeum Hack.

Paspalum minus E. Fourn.
Paspalum minus E. Fourn.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 26906 (MO!)
Paspalum minutum Trin.
Paspalum minutum Trin. = Axonopus capillaris (Lam.) Chase
Paspalum mollendense Mez
Paspalum mollendense Mez = Paspalum flavum J. Presl
Paspalum multicaule Poir.
Paspalum multicaule Poir.

Paspalum notatum Flüggé

Paspalum notatum Flüggé

Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-2500 m.
Note: Tovar (1957: 91) recorded this taxon as "P. natatum".
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3990 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Huancavelica.
Paspalum orbiculatum Poir.
Paspalum orbiculatum Poir.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-500 m.
Paspalum pallidum Kunth
Paspalum pallidum Kunth

Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios.
Paspalum paniculatum L.
Paspalum paniculatum L.

Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
$
Paspalum penicillatum Hook. f.
Paspalum penicillatum Hook. f.

Voucher: Sagastequi & López 10544 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad.
Paspalum peruvianum Mez
Paspalum peruvianum Mez = Paspalum sodiroanum Hack.
Paspalum pilgerianum Chase
Paspalum pilgerianum Chase
Synonyms: Paspalum pilgerianum Pilg.

Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, La
Libertad.
Paspalum pilosum Lam.
Paspalum pilosum Lam.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: disturbed areas, grasslands. 500-1000 m.
$
Paspalum plenum Chase
Paspalum plenum Chase
Reference: McClure, F. A., 1955: 290; Tovar, O., 1986: 55.

Paspalum plicatulum Michx.
Paspalum plicatulum Michx.

Voucher: McDaniel et al. 24205 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Loreto.
Paspalum polyphyllum Nees ex Trin.
Paspalum polyphyllum Nees ex Trin.

Paspalum preslii Kunth
Paspalum preslii Kunth = Digitaria longiflora (Retz.) Pers.

Note: NN
Paspalum prostratum Scribn. & Merr.

Paspalum prostratum Scribn. & Merr.

Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco.
Paspalum pubescens J. Presl
Paspalum pubescens J. Presl = Digitaria longiflora (Retz.) Pers.

Note: NN
Paspalum pubifolium J. Presl
Paspalum pubifolium J. Presl

Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Hitchcock 22098 (US)
Paspalum purpureum Ruiz & Pav.
Paspalum purpureum Ruiz & Pav. = Paspalum racemosum Lam.
Paspalum pygmaeum Hack.
Paspalum pygmaeum Hack.
Synonyms: Paspalum pygmaeum Meyen, Paspalum pygmaeum Nees

Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Cuzco, Puno.
Paspalum racemosum Lam.
Paspalum racemosum Lam.
Synonyms: Paspalum racemosum (Bosc) Desv., Paspalum racemosum (Bosc) Schltdl.,

Paspalum racemosum Bosc, Paspalum racemosum Cav., Paspalum racemosum Ruiz & Pav.,
Paspalum racemosum Steud.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 217; Mostacero, I., 1976: 48.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas, riversides, rocky
slopes. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Boutelou s.n.* (P), Sagástegui & Mostacero 10443 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura.
Paspalum repens Bergius
Paspalum repens Bergius

Ecology: Native aquatic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian: floating, forests,
Departments: Loreto, Tumbes.
Paspalum saccharoides Nees ex Trin.
Paspalum saccharoides Nees ex Trin.
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 218; Chase, A., 1929: 236.

Voucher: King & Ramírez 364 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Puno, San Martín.
$
Paspalum scabrum Scribn.
Paspalum scabrum Scribn.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 1500-3500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Lambayeque, Pasco, Piura.
Paspalum scoparium Flüggé
Paspalum scoparium Flüggé = Axonopus scoparius (Flüggé)

Kuhlm.
Paspalum sodiroanum Hack.
Paspalum sodiroanum Hack.
Synonyms: Paspalum sodiroanum Mez

Paspalum stellatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Flüggé
Paspalum stellatum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Flüggé
Reference: Doell, J. C., 1877: 92.

Paspalum stoloniferum Bosc
Paspalum stoloniferum Bosc = Paspalum racemosum Lam.

Paspalum tuberosum Mez
Paspalum tuberosum Mez
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 218; Tovar, O., 1957: 92; Mostacero, I., 1976: 50.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3815* (B), Smith & Cautivo 10316 (F!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huancavelica.
Paspalum uniseriatum Steud. ex Lechler
Paspalum uniseriatum Steud. ex Lechler = Paspalum candidum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex

Flüggé) Kunth
Paspalum vaginatum Sw.
Paspalum vaginatum Sw.
Synonyms: Paspalum vaginatum J. Presl

Voucher: Didrichsen 4384
Departments: Lima.
Paspalum virgatum L.
Paspalum virgatum L.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-2000
m.
Voucher: Núñez & Muñoz 5299 (MO!)
Pasco, Puno.
Passaveria lanceolata C. Martius & Eichler
Passaveria lanceolata C. Martius & Eichler = Ecclinusa lanceolata (C. Martius &
Eichler) Pierre
Passiflora acerifolia Schltdl. & Cham.
Passiflora acerifolia Schltdl. & Cham. = Passiflora adenopoda DC.
Reference: FP 740: 98; Holm-Nielsen, L. B., P. M. Jo+/rgensen & J. E. Lawesson,

1988: 49.
Passiflora acutissima Killip
Passiflora acutissima Killip = Passiflora lanceolata (Masters) Harms
Passiflora adenopoda DC.
Passiflora adenopoda DC.
Synonyms: Passiflora adenopoda (Schltdl. & Cham.) M. Roem., Passiflora adenopoda

Schltdl. & Cham.
Reference: Flora Peru: 740: 98; Holm-Nielsen, L. B., P. M. Jo+/rgensen & J. E.
Lawesson, 1988: 49.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: disturbed areas, shrublands. 1500-2000 m.
$
Passiflora alata C. Curtis
Passiflora alata C. Curtis
Synonyms: Passiflora alata DC., Passiflora alata Lindl., Passiflora alata Masters
Lawesson, 1988: 99.
Ecology: Cultivated liana, vine. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Note: The author of this name is listed erroneously in many places, including
publications cited here, as "Dryander".
Passiflora alata var. latifolia Masters
Passiflora alata var. latifolia Masters = Passiflora alata C. Curtis
Passiflora alnifolia Kunth
Passiflora alnifolia Kunth
Synonyms: Passiflora alnifolia (Kunth) M. Roem., Passiflora alnifolia (Kunth) M.

Roem., Passiflora alnifolia Kunth
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m.
Note: Cited voucher is doubtfully determined (Jorgensen, pers. comm.).
Voucher: Raimondi 2233 (B)
Passiflora amalocarpa Barb. Rodr.
Passiflora amalocarpa Barb. Rodr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 740: 99; Killip, E. P., 1938: 152.

$
Passiflora amazonica L.K. Escobar
Passiflora amazonica L.K. Escobar
Reference: Escobar, L. K., 1989: 877.

Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean II: forests. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Smith 6012* (MO!), Knapp & Alcorn 7740 (MO!)
Passiflora ambigua Hemsl.
Passiflora ambigua Hemsl.

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Note: @Cited voucher is questionably determined.@ (det. by J.M. MacDougal, 1989)
Voucher: Woytkowski 7237 (MO)
Passiflora anastomosans (Lambert ex DC.) Killip
Passiflora anastomosans (Lambert ex DC.) Killip
Synonyms: Passiflora anastomosans Lambert ex DC.

Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (BM), Hutchison & Wright 5693 (MO!)
Passiflora aristulata Masters
Passiflora aristulata Masters

Ecology: Endemic vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides, seasonally
Voucher: Spruce 3988* (K), Mexia 6424 (MO!)
Passiflora auriculata Kunth
Passiflora auriculata Kunth
Synonyms: Passiflora auriculata Poepp. & Endl.

Lawesson, 1988: 31.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, riversides, terra firme
forests. 0-1000 m.
Martín, Ucayali.
Passiflora baraquiniana Lemaire
Passiflora baraquiniana Lemaire = Passiflora foetida L.
Passiflora bauhiniifolia Kunth
Passiflora bauhiniifolia Kunth = Passiflora alnifolia Kunth

1988: 38.
Passiflora boliviana (Rusby) Harms
Passiflora boliviana (Rusby) Harms = Passiflora gracilens (A. Gray) Harms

$
Passiflora brachychlamys Harms
Passiflora brachychlamys Harms = Passiflora mixta L. f. var. mixta
Passiflora caerulea L.
Passiflora caerulea L.

Ecology. .
Note: Sometimes misspelled as "caerulea".
Departments: Lima, Tacna.
Passiflora candollei Triana & Planch.
Passiflora candollei Triana & Planch.
Synonyms: Passiflora candollei A. L. Jussieu ex DC., nom. illeg., Passiflora

candollei M. Roem.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, shrublands.
0-2000 m.
Voucher: Dombey 742* (P!), Kayap 1496 (MO!)
Martín.
Passiflora cauliflora Harms
Passiflora cauliflora Harms

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ule 6679* (B), Klug 3469 (US)
$
Passiflora cinerea Poepp. & Endl.
Passiflora cinerea Poepp. & Endl. = Passiflora auriculata Kunth
Passiflora cirrhipes Killip
Passiflora cirrhipes Killip

Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m.
Passiflora coccinea Aubl.
Passiflora coccinea Aubl.

1500 m.
Voucher: Reynel & Meneses 5042 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios,
Passiflora colubrina Poepp. & Endl.
Passiflora colubrina Poepp. & Endl. = Passiflora triloba Ruiz Lopez & Pavon ex DC.
$
Passiflora coriacea Juss.
Passiflora coriacea Juss.
Synonyms: Passiflora coriacea (Juss.) Bory, Passiflora coriacea (Juss.) M. Roem.

Lawesson, 1988: 25.
1500 m.
Passiflora costata Masters
Passiflora costata Masters

0-500 m.
Passiflora crassifolia Killip
Passiflora crassifolia Killip

Ecology: Native vine. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 23382* (US), Gentry et al. 39831 (MO!)
Passiflora cumbalensis (H. Karst.) Harms
Passiflora cumbalensis (H. Karst.) Harms
$
Passiflora cumbalensis H. Karst. var.cumbalensis
Passiflora cumbalensis H. Karst. var. cumbalensis
Synonyms: Passiflora cumbalensis cumbalensis H. Karst.

Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: shrublands. 1500-2000 m.
Note: @This specimen was not cited in Escobar (1987) although it had been so
annoted by the author in 1983.@
Voucher: Acleto 445 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.
Passiflora cumbalensis var.macrochlamys (Harms) L.K. Escobar
Passiflora cumbalensis var. macrochlamys (Harms) L.K. Escobar
Synonyms: Passiflora cumbalensis macrochlamys Harms

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m.
Passiflora cumbalensis var.mesadenia (Killip) L.K. Escobar
Passiflora cumbalensis var. mesadenia (Killip) L.K. Escobar
Synonyms: Passiflora cumbalensis mesadenia Killip

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 1500-4500 m.
Voucher: Macbride 4960* (F), Woytkowski 34274 (MO!)
Passiflora cumbalensis var.peruana L.K. Escobar
Passiflora cumbalensis var. peruana L.K. Escobar

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Escobar & Berry 1532* (MO!), Díaz et al. 2656 (MO!)
Passiflora cuzcoensis Killip
Passiflora cuzcoensis Killip

Voucher: Weberbauer 7872* (US photo MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Passiflora digitata L.
Passiflora digitata L. = Passiflora serratodigitata L.

1988: 100.
Passiflora digitata Ruiz & Pav. ex M. Roem.
Passiflora digitata Ruiz & Pav. ex M. Roem. = Passiflora serratodigitata L.
Passiflora edulis fo.flavicarpa Degener
Passiflora edulis fo. flavicarpa Degener

Ecology: Cultivated vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
$
Passiflora edulis Sims
Passiflora edulis Sims
Passiflora exoperculata Mast.
Passiflora exoperculata Mast.
Reference: Killip, E. P., 1938: 119; Holm-Nielsen, L. B., P. M. Jo+/rgensen & J. E.

Lawesson, 1988: 30.
Ecology. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Cano 1522 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Piura.
Passiflora ferruginea Mast.
Passiflora ferruginea Mast.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4901* (K), Núñez 12257 (MO!)
Departments: Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Passiflora foetida L.
Synonyms: Passiflora foetida (DC. ex Triana & Planchon) Killip ex Gleason,

Passiflora foetida (Desvaux) Masters, Passiflora foetida (L.) Gaertn., Passiflora
foetida (L.) M. Roem., Passiflora foetida (L.) Raf., Passiflora foetida (Lodd.)
Mast., Passiflora foetida DC. ex Triana & Planchon, Passiflora foetida Desvaux,
Passiflora foetida Lemaire
Lawesson, 1988: 119.
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, disturbed areas, dry
valleys, shrublands. 0-2500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica,
Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Piura, San Martín,
Tumbes, Ucayali.
Passiflora foetida var. gossypiifolia (Desvaux) Masters
Passiflora foetida var. gossypiifolia (Desvaux) Masters = Passiflora foetida L.
Passiflora foetida var. hirsuta (Lodd.) Mast.
Passiflora foetida var. hirsuta (Lodd.) Mast. = Passiflora foetida L.
Passiflora foetida var. hispida (DC. ex Triana & Planchon) Killip ex Gleason
Passiflora foetida var. hispida (DC. ex Triana & Planchon) Killip ex Gleason =
Passiflora frutescens Ruiz & Pav. ex Killip
Passiflora frutescens Ruiz & Pav. ex Killip

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón 247* (MA!)
Passiflora glaberrima (A. L. Jussieu) Poir.

Passiflora glaberrima (A. L. Jussieu) Poir.
Synonyms: Passiflora glaberrima Juss.

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-
3000 m.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P), López 8924 (MO!)
Departments: Piura, La Libertad.
Passiflora gossypifolia Desvaux
Passiflora gossypifolia Desvaux = Passiflora foetida L.
Passiflora gracilens (A. Gray) Harms
Passiflora gracilens (A. Gray) Harms
Synonyms: Passiflora gracilens (Rusby) Harms, Passiflora gracilens A. Gray,

Passiflora gracilens Rusby
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III: cloud forests, dry valleys, riversides, rocky
Voucher: Mathews 915* (GH), Stevens 22076 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, La
Libertad.
Passiflora guazumaefolia Juss.
Passiflora guazumaefolia Juss.

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: dry valleys, forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
$
Passiflora heterohelix Killip
Passiflora heterohelix Killip

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. In the Flora of Peru, Killip
indicated that this "may represent an undescribed genus; at least, it has no close
relative in Passiflora." Feuillet (pers. comm.) suggests that this is not a good
species but a monstrosity due to parasites. It probably belongs to the species or
subgenus Distephana or Passiflora.
Passiflora hispida DC. ex Triana & Planchon
Passiflora hispida DC. ex Triana & Planchon = Passiflora foetida L.
Passiflora huamachucoensis L.K. Escobar
Passiflora huamachucoensis L.K. Escobar

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: West 8126* (MO!)
Passiflora involucrata (Masters ) A.H. Gentry
Passiflora involucrata (Masters ) A.H. Gentry
Synonyms: Passiflora involucrata (Masters ) Killip, Passiflora involucrata Masters

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: forests on white sand, terra firme forests.
0-500 m.
$
Passiflora lanceolata (Masters) Harms
Passiflora lanceolata (Masters) Harms
Synonyms: Passiflora lanceolata Killip, Passiflora lanceolata Masters

Ecology: Endemic vine. Region uncertain: forests. .
Passiflora latifolia DC.
Passiflora latifolia DC. = Passiflora alata C. Curtis
Passiflora laurifolia L.
Passiflora laurifolia L.

Passiflora leptoclada Harms
Passiflora leptoclada Harms

Voucher: Tessmann 4969* (B photo F!), Killip & Smith 29775 (US)
$
Passiflora ligularis Juss.
Passiflora ligularis Juss.

Ecology. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Dombey 739* (P), Foster et al. 7698 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, Pasco.
Passiflora litoralis Kunth
Passiflora litoralis Kunth = Passiflora suberosa L.
Passiflora lobbii Masters
Passiflora lobbii Masters
Synonyms: Passiflora lobbii Harms

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II-III: cloud forests, rocky slopes, shrublands.
2000-4000 m.
Note: The type has been erroneously reported as from Colombia.
Voucher: Lobb s.n.* (K), Hutchison et al. 6071 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Huánuco, La Libertad.
Passiflora longiflora Lam.
Passiflora longiflora Lam. = Passiflora mixta L. f. var. mixta

1988: 84.
$
Passiflora loretensis Killip
Passiflora loretensis Killip

Note: The type was collected in present day Colombia across the Rio Amazonas from
Peruvian territory.
Voucher: Mathia & Taylor 5506 (US)
Departments: Loreto, Cuzco.
Passiflora lunata A. L. Jussieu ex DC., nom. illeg.
Passiflora lunata A. L. Jussieu ex DC., nom. illeg. = Passiflora candollei Triana &
Planch.
Reference: FP 740: 102, 118.
Passiflora macrocarpa Linden ex Mast.
Passiflora macrocarpa Linden ex Mast. = Passiflora quadrangularis L.

1988: 98.
Passiflora macrochlamys Harms
Passiflora macrochlamys Harms = Passiflora cumbalensis var. macrochlamys (Harms)

L.K. Escobar
Reference: FP 740: 111; Escobar, L. K., 1987: 246.
Passiflora manicata (Juss.) Pers.
Passiflora manicata (Juss.) Pers.

Synonyms: Passiflora manicata Juss., Passiflora manicata Kunth
Lawesson, 1988: 88.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-
2500 m.
Passiflora manicata var. communis Kunth
Passiflora manicata var. communis Kunth = Passiflora manicata (Juss.) Pers.
Passiflora mathewsii (Mast.) Killip
Passiflora mathewsii (Mast.) Killip
Synonyms: Passiflora mathewsii Mast.

Lawesson, 1988: 80; Killip, E. P., 1960: 12.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, rocky slopes,
Note: Often misspelled as "matthewsii".
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* , Metcalf 30784 (MO!)
Passiflora menispermifolia Kunth
Passiflora menispermifolia Kunth
Synonyms: Passiflora menispermifolia Dombey ex Triana & Planchon

Ecology. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P), Ferreyra 18026 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín,
Ucayali.
$
Passiflora mesadenia Killip
Passiflora mesadenia Killip = Passiflora cumbalensis var. mesadenia (Killip) L.K.

Escobar
Reference: FP 740: 113; Escobar, L. K., 1987: 246.
Passiflora misera Kunth
Passiflora misera Kunth

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Passiflora mixta L. f.
Passiflora mixta L. f.
Passiflora mixta L. f. var.mixta
Passiflora mixta L. f. var. mixta
Synonyms: Passiflora mixta mixta (Cav.) Pers., Passiflora mixta mixta (L. f.)
Juss., Passiflora mixta mixta (Lam.) Juss., Passiflora mixta mixta (Mast.) Killip,
Passiflora mixta mixta (Mast.) Pers., Passiflora mixta mixta Cav., Passiflora mixta
mixta Harms, Passiflora mixta mixta Lam., Passiflora mixta mixta Lam., Passiflora
mixta mixta Mast., Passiflora mixta subsp. mixta Mast., Passiflora mixta var. mixta
(Persoon) DC.
Lawesson, 1988: 84.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands.
2000-4000 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, Puno.
$
Passiflora mollissima (Kunth) Bailey
Passiflora mollissima (Kunth) Bailey = Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima

(Kunth) Holm-Nielsen & Jo+/rgensen

1988: 80.
Passiflora morifolia Mast.
Passiflora morifolia Mast.

Departments: Cuzco.
Passiflora nephrodes Masters
Passiflora nephrodes Masters

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 1500-2000 m.
Passiflora niorbo Planchon ex Triana & Planchon
Passiflora niorbo Planchon ex Triana & Planchon = Passiflora obtusiloba Masters
Passiflora nitida Kunth

Passiflora nitida Kunth

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white sand,
riversides, seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Passiflora obtusiloba Masters
Passiflora obtusiloba Masters
Synonyms: Passiflora obtusiloba Planchon ex Triana & Planchon

Ecology: Endemic Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (BM!), Díaz & Baldeón 2871 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Junín.
Passiflora obtusiloba var. glandulifera Harms
Passiflora obtusiloba var. glandulifera Harms = Passiflora lobbii Masters
Passiflora parvifolia (DC.) Harms
Passiflora parvifolia (DC.) Harms
Synonyms: Passiflora parvifolia DC.

Ecology. 1500-4000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón 533* (BM), Smith 8121 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, La Libertad.
Passiflora pascoensis L.K. Escobar

Passiflora pascoensis L.K. Escobar

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Gentry & Smith 35939* (MO!), Foster et al. 7714 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.
Passiflora peduncularis Cav.
Passiflora peduncularis Cav.
Synonyms: Passiflora peduncularis (Cav.) Juss., Passiflora peduncularis (Cav.)

Sprengel, Passiflora peduncularis (DC.) M. Roem., Passiflora peduncularis DC.
Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: cloud forests. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Née s.n.* (MA), Cano 1645 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua.
Passiflora phoenicia Lindl.
Passiflora phoenicia Lindl. = Passiflora alata C. Curtis
Reference: MacDougal, pers. comm..
Passiflora pinnatistipula Cav.
Passiflora pinnatistipula Cav.
Synonyms: Passiflora pinnatistipula (Cav.) Juss., Passiflora pinnatistipula DC.,

Passiflora pinnatistipula DC. ex Mast.
Lawesson, 1988: 59.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Herrera 2586 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cuzco, Junín.
Passiflora platyceras Harms

Passiflora platyceras Harms = Passiflora subulata Masters
Passiflora poeppigii Masters
Passiflora poeppigii Masters

Voucher: Poeppig D2170* (W)
Passiflora punctata L.
Passiflora punctata L.
Synonyms: Passiflora punctata (L.) M. Roem.

Lawesson, 1988: 43.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, dry valleys, forests,
Departments: Cuzco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, San Martín, Tumbes.
Passiflora punicea Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.
Passiflora punicea Ruiz & Pav. ex DC. = Passiflora vitifolia Kunth

1988: 91.
Passiflora pyrrhantha Harms

Passiflora pyrrhantha Harms

Lawesson, 1988: 15.
Voucher: Tessmann 4770* (B), Vásquez & Jaramillo 9381
Passiflora quadrangularis L.
Passiflora quadrangularis L.
Synonyms: Passiflora quadrangularis Linden ex Mast.

Lawesson, 1988: 98.
Ecology: Cultivated vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, terra firme
forests. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Asunción 105 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima, Loreto, San Martín.
Passiflora quadriflora Killip
Passiflora quadriflora Killip

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean I-II: shrublands. 1000-2500 m.
Voucher: Macbride 5189* (F), Vargas 829 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, San Martín.
Passiflora quadriglandulosa Rodschied
Passiflora quadriglandulosa Rodschied
Synonyms: Passiflora quadriglandulosa (Rodschied) DC., Passiflora quadriglandulosa

(Rodschied) M. Roem.
Lawesson, 1988: 90.
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme
forests. 0-500 m.
Passiflora quadriglandulosa var. involucrata (Masters ) Killip
Passiflora quadriglandulosa var. involucrata (Masters ) Killip = Passiflora

involucrata (Masters ) A.H. Gentry
Passiflora raimondii Killip
Passiflora raimondii Killip

Voucher: Raimondi 7807* (USM), Raimondi 8241 (USM)
Passiflora riparia Mart. ex Mast.
Passiflora riparia Mart. ex Mast.

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides, seasonally
Martín.
Passiflora rubra L.
Passiflora rubra L.
Synonyms: Passiflora rubra (L.) M. Roem., Passiflora rubra (L.) Moench

Lawesson, 1988: 48.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II, Coastal: cloud forests, disturbed areas, rocky
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, La Libertad, Pasco,
Piura, San Martín, Tumbes.
Passiflora runa L.K. Escobar
Passiflora runa L.K. Escobar

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II: cloud forests. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Escobar & Berry 1508* (MO!), Escobar & Berry 1503 (TEX)
Passiflora serrata L.
Passiflora serrata L. = Passiflora serratodigitata L.

1988: 99.
Passiflora serrata var. digitata (L.) Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.
Passiflora serrata var. digitata (L.) Ruiz & Pav. ex DC. = Passiflora
serratodigitata L.

1988: 100.
Passiflora serratodigitata L.
Passiflora serratodigitata L.
Synonyms: Passiflora serratodigitata (L.) Ruiz & Pav. ex DC., Passiflora

serratodigitata L., Passiflora serratodigitata L., Passiflora serratodigitata Ruiz
& Pav. ex M. Roem.
Lawesson, 1988: 99.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, rocky slopes,
Voucher: Fosberg 29063 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín,
Loreto, San Martín.
Passiflora skiantha Huber
Passiflora skiantha Huber

Voucher: Huber MG 1424* (MG)
Passiflora spectabilis Killip
Passiflora spectabilis Killip

Voucher: Killip & Smith 29884* (US), Schunke 9244 (MO!)
Departments: Junín, Loreto, Pasco, Ucayali.
Passiflora spinosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Mast.
Passiflora spinosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Mast.
Synonyms: Passiflora spinosa (Poepp. & Endl.) M. Roem., Passiflora spinosa Poepp. &
Endl.
Lawesson, 1988: 14; Killip, E. P., 1938: 561.
Voucher: Poeppig D.2187* (W), Williams 2458 (F)
$
Passiflora suberosa L.
Passiflora suberosa L.
Synonyms: Passiflora suberosa (Kunth) M. Roem., Passiflora suberosa (L.) Bory,

Passiflora suberosa (L.) Gaertn., Passiflora suberosa (L.) Moench, Passiflora
suberosa (L.) Raf., Passiflora suberosa Kunth
Lawesson, 1988: 26.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II, Coastal: cloud forests, rocky slopes,
Departments: Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad, Tumbes.
Passiflora subulata Masters
Passiflora subulata Masters
Synonyms: Passiflora subulata Harms

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean I-II: forests, shrublands. 1000-2500 m.
Voucher: Maclean s.n.* (K), Smith & Canne 5952 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Junín, Tacna.
Passiflora tacso Cav.
Passiflora tacso Cav. = Passiflora mixta L. f. var. mixta

1988: 84.
Passiflora tarapotina Harms
Passiflora tarapotina Harms
Synonyms: Passiflora tarapotina Poepp. ex Mast.

Ecology: Endemic liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: terra firme forests. 0-2000
m.
Voucher: Ule 6462* (B photo F!), Knapp 8161 (MO!)
Passiflora tatei Killip & Rusby
Passiflora tatei Killip & Rusby

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, shrublands.
2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Boeke & Boeke 3025
Departments: Puno.
Passiflora tenella Killip
Passiflora tenella Killip

Lawesson, 1988: 39.
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Coastal: dry valleys, shrublands. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7704* (US photo MO!), Gentry & Díaz 58234 (MO!)
Departments: Lima, Tumbes.
Passiflora tessmannii Harms
Passiflora tessmannii Harms

Voucher: Tessmann 4385* (B photo F!)
Passiflora thaumasiantha Harms

Passiflora thaumasiantha Harms = Passiflora trisecta Masters
Passiflora tiliifolia L.
Passiflora tiliifolia L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 740: 126; Killip, E. P., 1938: 350; Holm-Nielsen, L. B., P.
M. Jo+/rgensen & J. E. Lawesson, 1988: 113.
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Note: No modern Peruvian collection seen.
Voucher: Feuillée, J. Obs. Phys. Math. Bot. Peruv. 2: pl. 121*. 1714. ,
Ferreyra 1023 (US)
Passiflora tomentosa Lam.
Passiflora tomentosa Lam. = Passiflora mixta L. f. var. mixta
Reference: FP 740: 114; 26701; 84.
Passiflora tomentosa var. mollissima (Kunth) Triana & Planch.
Passiflora tomentosa var. mollissima (Kunth) Triana & Planch. = Passiflora

tripartita var. mollissima (Kunth) Holm-Nielsen & Jo+/rgensen
Passiflora tricuspis Masters
Passiflora tricuspis Masters

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Passiflora trifasciata Lem.
Passiflora trifasciata Lem.

Lawesson, 1988: 45.
Passiflora trifoliata Cav.
Passiflora trifoliata Cav.
Passiflora trifoliata var.tarmensis L.K. Escobar
Passiflora trifoliata var. tarmensis L.K. Escobar

Ecology: Endemic vine. Andean II-III: cloud forests, grasslands, shrublands. 2500-
4500 m.
Voucher: Ochoa 1982* (US), Escobar 1325 (MO!)
Passiflora trifoliata var.trifoliata
Passiflora trifoliata var. trifoliata
Synonyms: Passiflora trifoliata trifoliata Juss., Passiflora trifoliata trifoliata

Ruiz Lopez & Pavon ex DC.
Reference: Flora Peru: 740: 127; Killip, E. P., 1938: 274; Escobar, L. K., 1986:
95.
Ecology: Endemic Andean II-III: cloud forests, disturbed areas, rocky slopes,
Note: @Verify that specimens belong here and not under@ var. tarmensis.
Voucher: Ne!4e s.n.* (MA), Stevens 21959 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, Pasco.
Passiflora triloba Ruiz Lopez & Pavon ex DC.
Passiflora triloba Ruiz Lopez & Pavon ex DC.
Synonyms: Passiflora triloba (Poepp. & Endl.) M. Roem., Passiflora triloba Poepp. &
Endl.
Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, disturbed areas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (P!), Woytkowski 34345 (MO!)
Martín.
Passiflora tripartita var.mollissima (Kunth) Holm-Nielsen & Jo+/rgensen
Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima (Kunth) Holm-Nielsen & Jo+/rgensen
Synonyms: Passiflora tripartita mollissima (Kunth) Bailey, Passiflora tripartita

mollissima (Kunth) Spreng., Passiflora tripartita mollissima Kunth, Passiflora
tripartita var. mollissima (Kunth) Triana & Planch.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: forests, riversides, rocky slopes, shrublands.
2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Sagastegui 7778 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Junín, Lima, Pasco, Piura, Tacna.
Passiflora trisecta Masters
Passiflora trisecta Masters
Synonyms: Passiflora trisecta Harms

Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III: forests, grasslands, shrublands. 2500- > 4500
m.
Voucher: Escobar & Carillo 1310 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Junín.
$
Passiflora urceolata (Mast.) Killip
Passiflora urceolata (Mast.) Killip = Passiflora mixta L. f. var. mixta
Passiflora vespertilio L.
Passiflora vespertilio L.
Synonyms: Passiflora vespertilio (L.) M. Roem., Passiflora vespertilio (L.) Moench

Lawesson, 1988: 44.
Voucher: Revilla & Foehner 2524 (MO!)
Passiflora vestita Killip
Passiflora vestita Killip

Passiflora villosa Dombey ex Triana & Planchon
Passiflora villosa Dombey ex Triana & Planchon = Passiflora menispermifolia Kunth
$
Passiflora viridescens L.K. Escobar
Passiflora viridescens L.K. Escobar

Ecology: Native vine. Andean II: cloud forests. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Stein & Todzia 2083* (MO!), Smith & Cabanillas 7204 (MO!)
Passiflora vitifolia Kunth
Passiflora vitifolia Kunth
Synonyms: Passiflora vitifolia Ruiz & Pav. ex DC.

Lawesson, 1988: 91.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m.
Passiflora vitifolia var. involucrata Masters
Passiflora vitifolia var. involucrata Masters = Passiflora involucrata (Masters )

A.H. Gentry
Passiflora weberbaueri Harms
Passiflora weberbaueri Harms

Voucher: Weberbauer 6933* (B photo F!), Vargas 6080 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Passiflora X rosea (Karsten) Killip
Passiflora X rosea (Karsten) Killip
Synonyms: Passiflora X rosea (Karsten) Sodiro, Passiflora X rosea Karsten

Ecology: Native vine. Andean II-III: dry valleys, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-
4000 m.
Note: A hybrid: P. pinnatistipula X P. mollissima [=P. tripartita var. mollissima]
according to Killip (1938a).
Voucher: Soukup 3547 (MO!)
Passoura guianensis Aubl.
Passoura guianensis Aubl. = Rinorea pubiflora fo. pubiflora
Reference: FP 729: 61; Baehni, C. & R. Weibel, 1941: 195; Hekking, W. H. A., 1988:
103.
Pastinaca sativa L.
Pastinaca sativa L.
Synonyms: Pastinaca sativa Baill., Pastinaca sativa Wibel

Departments: Cuzco.
Patinoa sphaerocarpa Cuatrec.
Patinoa sphaerocarpa Cuatrec.

Voucher: Schunke 6448 (NY)
Patrisia bicolor DC.
Patrisia bicolor DC. = Ryania speciosa var. bicolor (DC.) Monach.
Patrisia pyrifera Richard
Patrisia pyrifera Richard = Ryania pyrifera (Richard) Uittien & Sleumer

Note: NN
Pauletia grandifolia Bong.
Pauletia grandifolia Bong. = Bauhinia grandifolia (Bongard) Steud.
Pauletia longifolia Bong.
Pauletia longifolia Bong. = Bauhinia longifolia (Bong.) Steud.
Paullinia acutangula (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Paullinia acutangula (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Synonyms: Paullinia acutangula Poepp., Paullinia acutangula Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (photo F!), Vásquez & Jaramillo 7049 (MO!)
Paullinia alata (Ruiz & Pav.) G. Don
Paullinia alata (Ruiz & Pav.) G. Don
Synonyms: Paullinia alata (J. F. Macbride) D.R. Simpson, Paullinia alata J.F.
Macbr., Paullinia alata J.F. Macbr., Paullinia alata Poepp., Paullinia alata Ruiz &
Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 330; Simpson, D. R., 1976: 139.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides,
seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Tafalla s.n.* (F photo MO!), Smith et al. 1205 (MO!)
Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Paullinia alata subsp. loretana (J. F. Macbride) D.R. Simpson
Paullinia alata subsp. loretana (J. F. Macbride) D.R. Simpson = Paullinia alata
(Ruiz & Pav.) G. Don
Paullinia alata var. loretana J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia alata var. loretana J.F. Macbr. = Paullinia alata (Ruiz & Pav.) G. Don
Paullinia alata var. pubens J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia alata var. pubens J.F. Macbr. = Paullinia alata (Ruiz & Pav.) G. Don
$
Paullinia alsmithii J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia alsmithii J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Paullinia bidentata Radlk.
Paullinia bidentata Radlk.

Voucher: Jelski 412* (W photo F!)
Paullinia brachystachya Griseb.
Paullinia brachystachya Griseb. = Serjania glabrata Kunth
Reference: Ferrucci, M. S., 1991: 89.
Paullinia bracteosa Radlk.
Paullinia bracteosa Radlk.
Synonyms: Paullinia bracteosa Steyerm.

Reference: Croat, T. B., 1977: 463; Simpson, D. R., 1976: 158.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides,
seasonally inundated areas, swamps. 0-1500 m.
Martín, Ucayali.
$
Paullinia brentberlinei Croat
Paullinia brentberlinei Croat
Reference: Croat, T. B., 1977: 73.

Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Berlin 336* (MO!), Kayap 818 (MO!)
Paullinia caloptera Radlk.
Paullinia caloptera Radlk.
Synonyms: Paullinia caloptera J.F. Macbr.

0-500 m.
Paullinia capreolata (Aubl.) Radlk.
Paullinia capreolata (Aubl.) Radlk.
Synonyms: Paullinia capreolata Aubl.

Voucher: Mori et al. 9222 (MO!)
Paullinia caracasana Jacq.
Paullinia caracasana Jacq. = Serjania caracasana (Jacq.) Willd.

$
Paullinia castanifolia Radlk.
Paullinia castanifolia Radlk.
Reference: Radlkofer, L., 1931: 269.

Paullinia clavigera Schltdl.
Paullinia clavigera Schltdl.
Paullinia clavigera Schltdl. var.clavigera
Paullinia clavigera Schltdl. var. clavigera

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally
Voucher: Knapp & Alcorn 7385 (MO!)
Paullinia clavigera var.bullata D.R. Simpson
Paullinia clavigera var. bullata D.R. Simpson

Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, riversides. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 7149* (MO), Woytkowski 5573 (MO!)
Departments: Junín, Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
$
Paullinia colombiana Cuatrec.
Paullinia colombiana Cuatrec. = Paullinia rugosa Bentham ex Rodlkofer
Paullinia cuneata Radlk.
Paullinia cuneata Radlk.

Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Paullinia cupana Kunth
Paullinia cupana Kunth

Paullinia curvicuspis Radlk.
Paullinia curvicuspis Radlk.

Voucher: Lechler 2358* (B)
Departments: Puno.
Paullinia dasystachya Radlk.

Paullinia dasystachya Radlk.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 336; Croat, T. B., 1977: 471.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests, riversides,
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, San Martín, Tumbes.
Paullinia echinata Huber
Paullinia echinata Huber
Synonyms: Paullinia echinata Radlk.

Voucher: Huber 1441* (MG), Klug 2781 (MO!)
Paullinia echinata Radlk.
Paullinia echinata Radlk. = Paullinia echinata Huber
Paullinia elegans Cambessedes
Paullinia elegans Cambessedes
Paullinia elegans subsp.elegans
Paullinia elegans subsp. elegans

Paullinia elegans subsp.neglecta (Radlkofer) D.R. Simpson
Paullinia elegans subsp. neglecta (Radlkofer) D.R. Simpson
Synonyms: Paullinia elegans neglecta Radlk., Paullinia elegans neglecta Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, seasonally
inundated areas, semi-deciduous forests, riversides. .
Voucher: Tafalla s.n.* (B photo MO!), Vásquez & Jaramillo 1095 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de
Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Martín, Ucayali.
Paullinia elongata Radlk.
Paullinia elongata Radlk. = Paullinia faginea (Triana & Planch.) Radlk.
Reference: FP 1298: 337; Croat, T. B., 1977: 474.
Paullinia enneaphylla (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) G. Don
Paullinia enneaphylla (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) G. Don
Synonyms: Paullinia enneaphylla Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, seasonally inundated
areas. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (G), Woytkowski 8263 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Loreto.
Paullinia eriantha Benth.
Paullinia eriantha Benth. = Paullinia eriocarpa Triana & Planch.
Reference: FP 1298: 338; Simpson, D. R., 1976: 160.

$
Paullinia eriocarpa Triana & Planch.
Paullinia eriocarpa Triana & Planch.
Synonyms: Paullinia eriocarpa Benth.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: disturbed areas, semi-deciduous forests,
Paullinia exalata Radlk.
Paullinia exalata Radlk.

Voucher: Weberbauer 1910* (B photo MO!), Gentry et al. 38179 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios.
Paullinia faginea (Triana & Planch.) Radlk.
Paullinia faginea (Triana & Planch.) Radlk.
Synonyms: Paullinia faginea Radlk., Paullinia faginea Triana & Planch.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Paullinia fissistipula J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia fissistipula J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Klug 3056*
Paullinia fistulosa Radlk.
Paullinia fistulosa Radlk.

Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: semi-deciduous forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Castelnau s.n.* (P photo F!), Maas et al. 4589 (MO!)
Paullinia gigantea Poepp.
Paullinia gigantea Poepp.
Synonyms: Paullinia gigantea Radlk.

Ecology: Native liana, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests,
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (B photo F!), Vásquez et al. 6392 (MO!)
Paullinia grandifolia Benth.
Paullinia grandifolia Benth.

Paullinia hemiptera D.R. Simpson

Paullinia hemiptera D.R. Simpson

Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Williams 6517* (B photo F!), Gentry & Jaramillo 41318 (MO!)
Paullinia hispida Jacq.
Paullinia hispida Jacq.

Paullinia hostmanni Steud.
Paullinia hostmanni Steud. = Paullinia pinnata L.
Paullinia hystrix Radlk.
Paullinia hystrix Radlk.

Paullinia imberbis Radlk.
Paullinia imberbis Radlk.

Paullinia itayensis J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia itayensis J.F. Macbr.

0-500 m.
Voucher: Williams 75* (F photo MO!), Vásquez & Jaramillo 3637 (MO!)
Paullinia josecuatrii J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia josecuatrii J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 34446*
Paullinia killipii J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia killipii J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 26383* , Klug 4200 (MO!)
Paullinia lactescens Poepp.
Paullinia lactescens Poepp. = Paullinia acutangula (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Paullinia laeta Radlk.
Paullinia laeta Radlk.

Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (F photo MO!)
Paullinia largifolia Radlk.
Paullinia largifolia Radlk.

Voucher: Alexiades 36 (MO!)
Paullinia latifolia Benth.
Paullinia latifolia Benth.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Paullinia linearis Radlk.
Paullinia linearis Radlk.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W photo F!)
Paullinia mariae J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia mariae J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 3912* , Núñez 5721 (MO!)
Paullinia martinensis Cuatrec.
Paullinia martinensis Cuatrec.

Voucher: Woytkowski 35160* (MO)
Paullinia mazanensis J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia mazanensis J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 243* (F), Vásquez & Arévalo 9019 (MO!)
Paullinia moquisapaensis J. F. Macbride ex L. Williams, nom. nud.

Paullinia moquisapaensis J. F. Macbride ex L. Williams, nom. nud.
Paullinia morii Croat
Paullinia morii Croat

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Paullinia naiguatensis Steyerm.
Paullinia naiguatensis Steyerm. = Paullinia bracteosa Radlk.
Paullinia neglecta Radlk.
Paullinia neglecta Radlk. = Paullinia elegans subsp. neglecta (Radlkofer) D.R.

Simpson
Paullinia nobilis Radlk.
Paullinia nobilis Radlk.

areas, semi-deciduous forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W photo F!), Knapp et al. 7397 (MO!)
$
Paullinia obliqua R. &. P. ex Radlkofer, nom. nud. pro syn.
Paullinia obliqua R. &. P. ex Radlkofer, nom. nud. pro syn. = Thinouia obliqua (R.
&. P. ex Radlkofer, nom. nud. pro syn.) Radlk.
Paullinia obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Paullinia obovata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Paullinia obovata var.obovata
Paullinia obovata var. obovata
Synonyms: Paullinia obovata obovata Ruiz & Pav.

0-500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G photo F!), Vásquez 5004 (MO!)
Martín, Ucayali.
Paullinia obovata var.polymorpha D.R. Simpson
Paullinia obovata var. polymorpha D.R. Simpson

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally
Voucher: Schunke 4580* (F), Smith 1234 (MO!)
Paullinia obovata var.subrotunda (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) D.R. Simpson

Paullinia obovata var. subrotunda (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) D.R. Simpson
Synonyms: Paullinia obovata subrotunda (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Paullinia obovata
subrotunda Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Tafalla s.n.* (MA), Smith et al. 5427 (MO!)

Paullinia olivacea Radlk.
Paullinia olivacea Radlk.

Voucher: Lechler 2332A* (K), Gentry et al. 65588 (MO!)
Paullinia ovalis Radlk.
Paullinia ovalis Radlk. = Paullinia rugosa Bentham ex Rodlkofer
Paullinia pachycarpa Benth.
Paullinia pachycarpa Benth.

Paullinia parvibractea Radlk.

Paullinia parvibractea Radlk.

Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Lleras et al. P17181 (MO!)
Paullinia paullinioides Radlk.
Paullinia paullinioides Radlk.
Synonyms: Paullinia paullinioides Spruce ex Radlk.

0-500 m.
Paullinia pendulifolia Rusby
Paullinia pendulifolia Rusby = Paullinia pinnata L.
Paullinia pinnata L.
Paullinia pinnata L.
Synonyms: Paullinia pinnata Rusby, Paullinia pinnata Steud.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 351; Croat, T. B., 1977: 488; Simpson, D. R., 1976:
145.
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Paullinia protracta Steud.

Paullinia protracta Steud. = Serjania paucidentata DC.
Paullinia pterocarpa Triana & Planch.
Paullinia pterocarpa Triana & Planch.
Synonyms: Paullinia pterocarpa Killip & Cuatrec., Paullinia pterocarpa Triana &
Planch.
Paullinia pterophylla Triana & Planch.
Paullinia pterophylla Triana & Planch.

Voucher: Soukup 1823
Departments: Pasco.
Paullinia quitensis Radlk.
Paullinia quitensis Radlk. = Paullinia gigantea Poepp.
Paullinia rhizantha Poepp.
Paullinia rhizantha Poepp. = Paullinia alata (Ruiz & Pav.) G. Don

$
Paullinia riparia (Spruce) Radlkofer non Kunth
Paullinia riparia (Spruce) Radlkofer non Kunth = Paullinia sprucei J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia rubiginosa fo. setosa Radlk.
Paullinia rubiginosa fo. setosa Radlk. = Paullinia stipularis Benth. ex Radlk.
Paullinia rugosa Bentham ex Rodlkofer
Paullinia rugosa Bentham ex Rodlkofer
Synonyms: Paullinia rugosa Benth., Paullinia rugosa Cuatrec., Paullinia rugosa

Radlk.
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27947
Paullinia selenoptera Radlk.
Paullinia selenoptera Radlk.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 353; Radlkofer, L., 1932: 339.

Note: Treated in the Flora of Peru as a synonymn of P. serjaniifolia.
$
Paullinia serjaniaefolia Triana & Planch.
Paullinia serjaniaefolia Triana & Planch.
Synonyms: Paullinia serjaniaefolia Radlk.

Paullinia setosa Radlk.
Paullinia setosa Radlk.

Paullinia simulans J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia simulans J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29547* , Vásquez et al. 5116 (MO!)
Paullinia sphaerocarpa Rich. ex Juss.
Paullinia sphaerocarpa Rich. ex Juss.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Paullinia spicata Benth.
Paullinia spicata Benth.

Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Paullinia sprucei J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia sprucei J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Paullinia sprucei (Spruce) Radlkofer non Kunth, Paullinia sprucei Spruce
ex Radlk.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1298: 356; Radlkofer, L., 1931: 305.
Ecology: Endemic liana. Region uncertain: forests. .
Voucher: Spruce 3883* , Schunke 3882 (MO!)
Paullinia stipularis Benth. ex Radlk.
Paullinia stipularis Benth. ex Radlk.
Synonyms: Paullinia stipularis Radlk.

Paullinia subauriculata Radlk.
Paullinia subauriculata Radlk.

Voucher: Jelski 413* (M)
Paullinia subcordata Benth.
Paullinia subcordata Benth. = Paullinia rugosa Bentham ex Rodlkofer
Paullinia subnuda Radlk.
Paullinia subnuda Radlk.

0-500 m.
Paullinia subrotunda (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Paullinia subrotunda (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Paullinia obovata var. subrotunda (Ruiz
Lopez & Pavon) D.R. Simpson
Paullinia tarapotensis Radlk.
Paullinia tarapotensis Radlk.

Voucher: Ule 6613* (B), Gentry 29660 (MO!)
$
Paullinia tenera Poepp.
Paullinia tenera Poepp.

Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1090* (B), Foster et al. 6987 (MO!)
Paullinia tenuifolia Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia tenuifolia Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Paullinia tenuifolia Steyerm.

Voucher: Mexia 6394* (US photo MO!)
Paullinia toxicodendroides Steyerm.
Paullinia toxicodendroides Steyerm. = Paullinia tenuifolia Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia trilatera Radlk.
Paullinia trilatera Radlk.

$
Paullinia triptera Triana & Planch.
Paullinia triptera Triana & Planch. = Paullinia pterocarpa Triana & Planch.
Paullinia tumbesensis D.R. Simpson
Paullinia tumbesensis D.R. Simpson

Voucher: Simpson 407* (F!)
Paullinia uchocacha J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia uchocacha J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Paullinia vaupesana Killip & Cuatrec.
Paullinia vaupesana Killip & Cuatrec. = Paullinia pterocarpa Triana & Planch.
Paullinia venusta Radlk.
Paullinia venusta Radlk. = Paullinia serjaniaefolia Triana & Planch.

$
Paullinia williamsii J.F. Macbr.
Paullinia williamsii J.F. Macbr. = Paullinia caloptera Radlk.
Paullinia yoco R.E. Schult. & Killip
Paullinia yoco R.E. Schult. & Killip

Pausandra densiflora Lanjouw
Pausandra densiflora Lanjouw

Note: Not known from Peru. The type, Krukoff 5464, is from Brazil. According to
Secco (1989) this taxon is synonymous with P. trianae.
Pausandra hirsuta Lanj.
Pausandra hirsuta Lanj.
Reference: Liesner, pers. comm..

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Pausandra martinii Baill.

Pausandra martinii Baill.
Pausandra morisiana (Casaretto) Radlk.
Pausandra morisiana (Casaretto) Radlk.
Synonyms: Pausandra morisiana Casaretto

Note: Not known from Peru. According to Webster (pers. comm.) reports of the
species from Peru are probably based on misidentifications.
Pausandra quadriglandulosa Pax & K. Hoffm.
Pausandra quadriglandulosa Pax & K. Hoffm.

Note: Not known from Peru. The type, Ule 9538, is from Brazil.
Pausandra trianae (Müll. Arg.) Baill.
Pausandra trianae (Müll. Arg.) Baill.
Synonyms: Pausandra trianae Müll. Arg.

Voucher: Ruíz & Jaramillo 1114 (MO!)
Pavonia betonicaefolia C. Presl
Pavonia betonicaefolia C. Presl
Reference: Kearney, T. H., 1958: 244.

Note: Type from Peru but information not located.
$
Pavonia castaneifolia St. Hilaire & Naudin
Pavonia castaneifolia St. Hilaire & Naudin
Synonyms: Pavonia castaneifolia Ulbr., Pavonia castaneifolia Ulbr.

Reference: Gürke, M., 1892: 491; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 87.
Ecology: Native subshrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Pavonia communis St. Hilaire
Pavonia communis St. Hilaire
Synonyms: Pavonia communis (St. Hilaire) Guerke

Reference: Gürke, M., 1892: 481.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. .
Note: Kearney (1958) reports this species for Peru but cites no voucher.
Pavonia costaricensis Hochreutiner
Pavonia costaricensis Hochreutiner = Pavonia oxyphyllaria Donn. Sm.
Reference: FP 1302: 464; Robyns, A., 1966: 539; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 93.
Pavonia fruticosa (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle
Pavonia fruticosa (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle
Synonyms: Pavonia fruticosa (L.) Cav., Pavonia fruticosa L., Pavonia fruticosa
Mill.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 462; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 228; Fryxell, P. A., 1992:
89.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, rocky
slopes, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m.
Pavonia hexaphylla (S. Moore) Krapovickas
Pavonia hexaphylla (S. Moore) Krapovickas
Synonyms: Pavonia hexaphylla Guerke, Pavonia hexaphylla S. Moore

Ecology: Native subshrub. Amazonian: savannas. 0-500 m.
Note: @Need basionym and reference.@
Pavonia hieronymi Guerke
Pavonia hieronymi Guerke

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 500-1500 m.
Pavonia insperabilis Fryxell
Pavonia insperabilis Fryxell

Voucher: Knapp & Mallet 7018* (MO!)
Pavonia kunthii var. mollis (Kunth) Gurke

Pavonia kunthii var. mollis (Kunth) Gurke = Pavonia mollis Kunth
Pavonia kunthii var. pohlii Guerke
Pavonia kunthii var. pohlii Guerke = Pavonia hexaphylla (S. Moore) Krapovickas
Pavonia leucantha Poepp. ex Garcke
Pavonia leucantha Poepp. ex Garcke
90.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, treelet. ., forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-
2000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2302* (F), Díaz & Baldeón 2266 (MO!)
Martín, Ucayali.
Pavonia mollis Kunth
Pavonia mollis Kunth
Synonyms: Pavonia mollis (Kunth) Gurke

91.
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-2000 m.
Pavonia mutisii Kunth

Pavonia mutisii Kunth
Synonyms: Pavonia mutisii Garcke, Pavonia mutisii L. f.

Pavonia mutisii var. hexaphylla S. Moore
Pavonia mutisii var. hexaphylla S. Moore = Pavonia hexaphylla (S. Moore)

Krapovickas
Pavonia nana Ulbr.
Pavonia nana Ulbr. = Pavonia castaneifolia St. Hilaire & Naudin
Reference: FP 1302: 465; Kearney, T. H., 1958: 244; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 87.
Pavonia oxyphyllaria Donn. Sm.
Pavonia oxyphyllaria Donn. Sm.
Synonyms: Pavonia oxyphyllaria Hochreutiner

Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 464; Robyns, A., 1966: 539; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 93.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests,
Martín.
Pavonia paniculata Cav.
Pavonia paniculata Cav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1302: 464; Robyns, A., 1966: 534; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 93.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: forests,
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (MA), Schunke 10501 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, Loreto,
Madre de Dios, Pasco, Piura, San Martín, Ucayali.
Pavonia parva Ulbr.
Pavonia parva Ulbr. = Pavonia castaneifolia St. Hilaire & Naudin
Pavonia peruviana Gürke
Pavonia peruviana Gürke
Synonyms: Pavonia peruviana Gurke

94.
Voucher: Poeppig 1584* , Gentry et al. 65427 (MO!)
Martín.
Pavonia riedelii Guerke
Pavonia riedelii Guerke = Peltaea riedelii (Guerke) Standl.
Reference: FP 1302: 466; Krapovickas, A. & C. L. Cristóbal, 1965: 180.
Pavonia sepium A. St.-Hil.
Pavonia sepium A. St.-Hil.

$
Pavonia sepium subsp. macrocarpa R.E. Fr.
Pavonia sepium subsp. macrocarpa R.E. Fr. = Pavonia sepium subsp. sepium
Pavonia sepium subsp.sepium
Pavonia sepium subsp. sepium
Synonyms: Pavonia sepium subsp. sepium R.E. Fr.

97.
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 1000-2000
m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Piura.
Pavonia sidifolia Kunth
Pavonia sidifolia Kunth

Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas,
forests, riversides, rocky slopes, savannas. 0-1500 m.
Note: Spelled "sidaefolia" in the Flora of Peru.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, San Martín.
Pavonia spicata Cav.
Pavonia spicata Cav.
Synonyms: Pavonia spicata Vogel in Trew

$
Pavonia spinifex (L.) Cav.
Pavonia spinifex (L.) Cav.
Synonyms: Pavonia spinifex L.

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, seasonally
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica,
Junín, Piura.
Pavonia spinifex var. communis (St. Hilaire) Guerke
Pavonia spinifex var. communis (St. Hilaire) Guerke = Pavonia communis St. Hilaire
Pavonia typhalea (L.) Cav.
Pavonia typhalea (L.) Cav. = Pavonia fruticosa (Mill.) Fawc. & Rendle
Pavonia warmingiana Gurke
Pavonia warmingiana Gurke = Pavonia peruviana Gürke
Reference: Gürke, M., 1892: 488; Fryxell, P. A., 1992: 94.
Paypayrola grandiflora Tul.

Paypayrola grandiflora Tul.
Synonyms: Paypayrola grandiflora Tul.

Reference: Flora Peru: 729: 64; Smith, L. B. & A. Fernández-Perez, 1954:
123.
Peckia psychotriaefolia Rusby
Peckia psychotriaefolia Rusby = Cybianthus psychotriifolius Rusby ex Mez

Note: NN
Pectis arida D.J. Keil
Pectis arida D.J. Keil
Reference: Keil, D. J., 1984: 78.

Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: beach. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Svenson 1124* (US), Haught F-47 (F)
Pectis cajamarcana Keil
Pectis cajamarcana Keil

Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3579* (MO), Gentry et al. 22709 (MO)
Pectis cryptopetala Sch. Bip.

Pectis cryptopetala Sch. Bip. = Pectis sessiliflora Sch. Bip. ex Rusby
Pectis linifolia L.
Pectis linifolia L.
Pectis linifolia L. var.linifolia
Pectis linifolia L. var. linifolia

Ecology: Native herb. ., riversides. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui 9234 (F)
Pectis multiflosculosa (DC.) Sch. Bip.
Pectis multiflosculosa (DC.) Sch. Bip.
Synonyms: Pectis multiflosculosa DC.

Reference: Keil, D. J., 1975[1976]: 1225.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I, Coastal: beach. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (MO photo), Weberbauer 7751 (F)
Pectis peruviana Keil
Pectis peruviana Keil

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 5414* (US)
$
Pectis pinnata Lam.
Pectis pinnata Lam. = Schkuhria pinnata var. pinnata
Pectis sessiliflora Sch. Bip. ex Rusby
Pectis sessiliflora Sch. Bip. ex Rusby
Synonyms: Pectis sessiliflora Cass., Pectis sessiliflora Lessing, Pectis

sessiliflora Sch. Bip.
Pectis subsquarrosa (Hook. f.) Sch. Bip.
Pectis subsquarrosa (Hook. f.) Sch. Bip.
Synonyms: Pectis subsquarrosa Hook. f.
Pectocarya anomala I.M. Johnst.
Pectocarya anomala I.M. Johnst.

Voucher: Hinkley & Hinkley 41* (GH)
Pectocarya gracilis I.M. Johnst.

Pectocarya gracilis I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Pectocarya gracilis Ruiz & Pav.

Pectocarya lateriflora (Lam.) DC.
Pectocarya lateriflora (Lam.) DC.
Synonyms: Pectocarya lateriflora (Ruiz & Pav.) DC., Pectocarya lateriflora Lam.,
Pectocarya lateriflora Ruiz & Pav., Pectocarya lateriflora Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-3000 m.
Pectocarya linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Pectocarya linearis (Ruiz & Pav.) DC. = Pectocarya lateriflora (Lam.) DC.
Pederlea aggregata (Ruiz & Pav.) Raf.
Pederlea aggregata (Ruiz & Pav.) Raf. = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.
Pederlea arborescens (L.) Raf.
Pederlea arborescens (L.) Raf. = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.
$
Pederlea cestroides Raf.
Pederlea cestroides Raf. = Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl.
Pedilanthus retusus Benth.
Pedilanthus retusus Benth. = Pedilanthus tithymaloides subsp. retusus (Bentham)

Dressler
Pedilanthus tithymaloides (L.) Poit.
Pedilanthus tithymaloides (L.) Poit.
Pedilanthus tithymaloides subsp.retusus (Bentham) Dressler
Pedilanthus tithymaloides subsp. retusus (Bentham) Dressler
Synonyms: Pedilanthus tithymaloides retusus Benth.

Reference: Dressler, R. L., 1957: 154.
Peiranisia biflora (L.) Pittier
Peiranisia biflora (L.) Pittier = Cassia biflora L.
Reference: FP 21: 158; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 57.
$
Peiranisia multijuga (Rich.) Britton & Rose ex Britton & P. Wilson
Peiranisia multijuga (Rich.) Britton & Rose ex Britton & P. Wilson = Senna
multijuga (Rich.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby subsp. multijuga
Reference: Irwin, H. S. & R. C. Barneby, 1982: 495.
Pelagatia bracteata O.E. Schulz
Pelagatia bracteata O.E. Schulz = Weberbauera bracteata (O.E. Schulz) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: FP 614: 972; Al-Shehbaz, I. A., 1990: 237.
Pelexia corymbosa (Lindl.) Lindl.
Pelexia corymbosa (Lindl.) Lindl. = Sauroglossum corymbosum (Lindl.) Garay
Pelexia cranichoides Griseb.
Pelexia cranichoides Griseb. = Cyclopogon cranichoides (Griseb.) Schltr.
Pelexia curvicalcarata (C. Schweinf.) Garay
Pelexia curvicalcarata (C. Schweinf.) Garay
Synonyms: Pelexia curvicalcarata C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Macbride 5770*
$
Pelexia foliosa Poepp. & Endl.
Pelexia foliosa Poepp. & Endl. = Erythrodes foliosa (Poeppig & Endlicher) Ames
Pelexia hirta (Lindl.) Schltr.
Pelexia hirta (Lindl.) Schltr.
Synonyms: Pelexia hirta (Lindl.) Kuntze, Pelexia hirta Lindl.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Pelexia laxa (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
Pelexia laxa (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
Synonyms: Pelexia laxa (Poepp. & Endl.) C. Schweinf., Pelexia laxa (Rolfe) C.
Schweinf., Pelexia laxa Poepp. & Endl., Pelexia laxa Rolfe
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian: swamps. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W)
Pelexia maculata Rolfe
Pelexia maculata Rolfe = Pelexia laxa (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
Pelexia matucanensis (Kraenzl.) Schltr.

Pelexia matucanensis (Kraenzl.) Schltr.
Synonyms: Pelexia matucanensis Kraenzl., Pelexia matucanensis Kraenzl.

Ecology. 0-2500 m.
Pelexia pavonii (Rchb. f.) Garay
Pelexia pavonii (Rchb. f.) Garay
Synonyms: Pelexia pavonii (Rchb. f.) Schltr., Pelexia pavonii Esposto, Pelexia
pavonii Rchb. f.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, shrublands. 0-3000 m.
Pelexia repens Poepp. & Endl.
Pelexia repens Poepp. & Endl. = Erythrodes repens (Poeppig & Endlicher) Ames
Pelexia roseoalba Rchb. f.
Pelexia roseoalba Rchb. f. = Eltroplectris roseoalba (Rchb. f.) Hamer & Garay
Pelexia saltensis (Griseb.) Schltr.
Pelexia saltensis (Griseb.) Schltr.
Synonyms: Pelexia saltensis Griseb.

Pelexia weberbaueri (Kraenzl.) Schltr.
Pelexia weberbaueri (Kraenzl.) Schltr.
Synonyms: Pelexia weberbaueri (Kraenzl.) Kraenzlin ex Schlechter, Pelexia

weberbaueri Kraenzl.
Departments: Cuzco.
Pellaea crenulans Fée
Pellaea crenulans Fée = ?
Pellaea dealbata var. stuebeliana Hieron.
Pellaea dealbata var. stuebeliana Hieron. = ?
Pellaea flavens (Sw.) C. Chr.
Pellaea flavens (Sw.) C. Chr. = ?
Pellaea lilloi Hicken

Pellaea lilloi Hicken = ?
Pellaea lorentzii Hieron.
Pellaea lorentzii Hieron. = ?
Pellaea nivea (Poir.) Prantl
Pellaea nivea (Poir.) Prantl = ?
Pellaea ovata (Desv.) Weath.
Pellaea ovata (Desv.) Weath.

Ecology: herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 1000-2000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Huancavelica, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.
Pellaea peruviana Copel.
Pellaea peruviana Copel. = ?
$
Pellaea sagittata (Cav.) Link var.sagittata
Pellaea sagittata (Cav.) Link var. sagittata

Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5431 (MO, USM)
Pellaea tenera (Hook.) Prantl
Pellaea tenera (Hook.) Prantl = ?
Pellaea ternifolia var.ternifolia
Pellaea ternifolia var. ternifolia

Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca,
Cuzco, Huancavelica, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.
Pellegrinia buxifolia (Field. & Gardner) Sleumer
Pellegrinia buxifolia (Field. & Gardner) Sleumer = Demosthenesia buxifolia (Field &
Gardner) A.C. Sm.
Pellegrinia coccinea (Hoerold) Sleumer
Pellegrinia coccinea (Hoerold) Sleumer

Synonyms: Pellegrinia coccinea Hoerold
Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Pellegrinia graebneriana (Hoerold) Sleumer
Pellegrinia graebneriana (Hoerold) Sleumer = Demosthenesia mandonii (Britton) A.C.

Sm.
Pellegrinia grandiflora (Ruiz & Pavon) Sleumer
Pellegrinia grandiflora (Ruiz & Pavon) Sleumer
Synonyms: Pellegrinia grandiflora Hoerold, Pellegrinia grandiflora Lindl.,

Pellegrinia grandiflora Ruiz & Pav.
Pellegrinia harmsiana (Hoerold) Sleumer
Pellegrinia harmsiana (Hoerold) Sleumer
Synonyms: Pellegrinia harmsiana Hoerold

Pellegrinia hirsuta (Ruiz & Pavon) Sleumer

Pellegrinia hirsuta (Ruiz & Pavon) Sleumer
Synonyms: Pellegrinia hirsuta (A.C. Smith) Sleumer, Pellegrinia hirsuta A.C. Sm.,
Pellegrinia hirsuta Dunal, Pellegrinia hirsuta Dunal, Pellegrinia hirsuta Ruiz &
Pav.
Pellegrinia lobbii (A.C. Smith) Sleumer
Pellegrinia lobbii (A.C. Smith) Sleumer = Pellegrinia hirsuta (Ruiz & Pavon)
Sleumer
Pellegrinia mandoni (Britton) Sleumer
Pellegrinia mandoni (Britton) Sleumer = Demosthenesia mandonii (Britton) A.C. Sm.
Pellegrinia pearcei (Britton) Sleumer
Pellegrinia pearcei (Britton) Sleumer = Demosthenesia pearcei (Britton) A.C. Sm.
Pellegrinia spectabilis (Rusby) Sleumer
Pellegrinia spectabilis (Rusby) Sleumer = Demosthenesia spectabilis (Rusby) A.C.

Sm.

$
Pellegrinia weberbauerii Sleumer
Pellegrinia weberbauerii Sleumer = Demosthenesia weberbauerii (Sleumer) Sleumer
Peltaea riedelii (Guerke) Standl.
Peltaea riedelii (Guerke) Standl.
Synonyms: Peltaea riedelii Guerke

Reference: Krapovickas, A. & C. L. Cristóbal, 1965: 180.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2000 m.
Peltanthera floribunda Benth.
Peltanthera floribunda Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 249; Leeuwenberg, A. J. M., 1967: 144; Norman, E. M.,
1982: 21.
Ecology: Native tree. Andean I: forests, riversides. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4940* (B photo F!), Schunke 7999 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, San Martín.
Peltastes ampliflorus Woodson
Peltastes ampliflorus Woodson

$
Peltastes peltatus (Vell.) Woodson
Peltastes peltatus (Vell.) Woodson
Synonyms: Peltastes peltatus (Vell.) Miers, Peltastes peltatus Vell.

Note: Not known from Peru. Specimens cited in the Flora of Peru are redetermined
by Woodson (1960) as P. ampliflorus and P. peruvianus
Peltastes peruvianus Woodson
Peltastes peruvianus Woodson

Ecology: Endemic liana. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 34492* (MO), Smith 1581 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Pasco, Ucayali.
Peltobryon attenuatum Klotzsch in Miquel
Peltobryon attenuatum Klotzsch in Miquel = Piper peltobryon C. DC.
Peltobryon callosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.
Peltobryon callosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Piper callosum Ruiz & Pav.
Peltobryon dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch in Miquel

Peltobryon dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch in Miquel = Piper dichotomum Ruiz &
Pav.
Peltobryon longifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.
Peltobryon longifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq. = Piper longifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Peltobryon mathewsii Miq.
Peltobryon mathewsii Miq. = Piper tenuistylum C. DC.
Peltobryon poeppigii Klotzsch in Miquel
Peltobryon poeppigii Klotzsch in Miquel = Piper callosum Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: FP 1216: 143; Jones, A. G., 1985: 7.
Peltogyne altissima Ducke
Peltogyne altissima Ducke
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 124; Silva, M. F., 1976: 18.

Pennellia gracilis O.E. Schulz

Pennellia gracilis O.E. Schulz = Sisymbrium gracile Wedd.
Pennisetum annuum Mez
Pennisetum annuum Mez
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 240; Türpe, A. M., 1983: 109.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas, rocky slopes.
500-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5354* (B), Sullivan et al. 839 (MO!)
Pennisetum bambusiforme (E. Fourn.) Hemsl. ex B.D. Jacks.
Pennisetum bambusiforme (E. Fourn.) Hemsl. ex B.D. Jacks.
Synonyms: Pennisetum bambusiforme E. Fourn., Pennisetum bambusiforme J. Presl,

Pennisetum bambusiforme Trin. ex Steud.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 1000-3000 m.
Voucher: Duncan et al. 2691 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Puno.
Pennisetum chilense (Desv.) B.D. Jacks. ex R.E. Fr.
Pennisetum chilense (Desv.) B.D. Jacks. ex R.E. Fr.
Synonyms: Pennisetum chilense Desv.

$
Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link
Pennisetum ciliare (L.) Link = Cenchrus ciliaris L.
Reference: DeLisle, D. G., 1963: 321.
Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov.
Pennisetum clandestinum Hochst. ex Chiov.

Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, riversides. 3500-4000 m.
Note: This species is often naturalized in Peru.
Voucher: Davis et al. 1627 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Puno.
Pennisetum intectum Chase
Pennisetum intectum Chase

Voucher: Young & Eisenberg 906 (MO!)
Pennisetum latifolium Spreng.
Pennisetum latifolium Spreng.
Synonyms: Pennisetum latifolium Steud. ex Lechler

Voucher: Núñez & Valencia 9115 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Puno.
Pennisetum lechleri Steud. ex Lechler

Pennisetum lechleri Steud. ex Lechler = Pennisetum latifolium Spreng.
Pennisetum montanum (Griseb.) Hack.
Pennisetum montanum (Griseb.) Hack.
Synonyms: Pennisetum montanum (Kuntze) Leeke, Pennisetum montanum Griseb.,

Pennisetum montanum Kuntze
Reference: Türpe, A. M., 1983: 117; Tovar, O., 1981: 111.
Voucher: Tovar 7415 (USM)
Pennisetum mutilatum (Kuntze) Leeke
Pennisetum mutilatum (Kuntze) Leeke = Pennisetum montanum (Griseb.) Hack.
Reference: Tovar, O., 1981: 111; Türpe, A. M., 1983: 117.
Pennisetum nervosum (Nees) Trin.
Pennisetum nervosum (Nees) Trin.
Synonyms: Pennisetum nervosum Nees

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-500 m.
Departments: Loreto, Tumbes, Ucayali.
Pennisetum occidentale Chase
Pennisetum occidentale Chase

Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: shrublands. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Anderson 956 (US!)
Pennisetum peruvianum Trin.
Pennisetum peruvianum Trin.
Synonyms: Pennisetum peruvianum (Trin.) Döll

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: grasslands. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (LE), Smith 6000 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Pasco, San Martín.
Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schult.
Pennisetum polystachion (L.) Schult.
Synonyms: Pennisetum polystachion L.

Reference: Türpe, A. M., 1983: 110; Killeen, T. J., 1990: 182.
Note: Not known from Peru. Misapplied to P. setosum (Swartz) Richard.
Pennisetum preslii Trin. ex Steud.
Pennisetum preslii Trin. ex Steud. = Pennisetum bambusiforme (E. Fourn.) Hemsl. ex

B.D. Jacks.
Pennisetum purpureum Schum.
Pennisetum purpureum Schum.
Reference: Tovar, O., 1981: 112; Türpe, A. M., 1983: 112.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests on white
sand, riversides. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios,
Pasco, Ucayali.
Pennisetum rupestre Chase
Pennisetum rupestre Chase

Voucher: Macbride 453* (US), Hutchison & Wright 5382 (F!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Junín, Lima.
Pennisetum sagittatum Henrard
Pennisetum sagittatum Henrard

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1000 m.
Pennisetum setaceum (Forssk.) Chiov.
Pennisetum setaceum (Forssk.) Chiov.
Synonyms: Pennisetum setaceum Forssk.

Ecology. .
Voucher: Ferreyra 10459A (USM!)
Departments: Lambayeque, Lima.
Pennisetum setosum (Sw.) Rich.

Pennisetum setosum (Sw.) Rich.
Synonyms: Pennisetum setosum Sw.

Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, Ucayali.
Pennisetum tristachyum (Kunth) Spreng.
Pennisetum tristachyum (Kunth) Spreng.
Synonyms: Pennisetum tristachyum Kunth

Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad, Puno.
Pennisetum villosum R. Br. ex Fresen.
Pennisetum villosum R. Br. ex Fresen.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Region uncertain: disturbed areas. .
Voucher: Hitchcock 22160 (US)
Pennisetum weberbaueri Mez
Pennisetum weberbaueri Mez

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 1500-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2393* (B), Sánchez & Ruiz 3586 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica,
Junín, Lima, Puno.
$
Pentacaena polycnemoides Bartl.
Pentacaena polycnemoides Bartl. = Cardionema ramosissima (Weinmann) Nelson & J.F.

Macbr.
Pentacalia aclydiphylla (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia aclydiphylla (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia aclydiphylla Cuatrec.

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Pentacalia arbutifolia (Kunth) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia arbutifolia (Kunth) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia arbutifolia Greenm., Pentacalia arbutifolia Kunth

Ecology. 2500-4500 m.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B)
Pentacalia asplundii (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia asplundii (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia asplundii Cabrera

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Pentacalia bacopoides (Greenm. & Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia bacopoides (Greenm. & Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia bacopoides Greenm. & Cuatrec.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Pentacalia barbourii Dillon & Sagast.
Pentacalia barbourii Dillon & Sagast.
Reference: Dillon, M. O. & A. Sagástegui-Alva, 1988: 225.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II: terra firme forests. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Barbour 3450* (MO!)
Pentacalia carpishensis (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia carpishensis (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia carpishensis Cuatrec.

Voucher: Ferreyra 2354* (US)
Pentacalia chachapoyensis (Greenm.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia chachapoyensis (Greenm.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia chachapoyensis Greenm.

Voucher: Matthews 1356* (K)
$
Pentacalia diplostephioides (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia diplostephioides (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia diplostephioides Cuatrec.

Ecology. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Rauh & Hirsch P1252* (NY)
Departments: Cuzco.
Pentacalia divisoria (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia divisoria (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia divisoria Cabrera

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25599* (US), Plowman & Schunke 11720 (NY)
Pentacalia empetroides (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia empetroides (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia empetroides Cuatrec.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Pentacalia epiphytica (Kuntze) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia epiphytica (Kuntze) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia epiphytica Kuntze

Ecology. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Macbride 4094 (MO)
Pentacalia huallagana (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia huallagana (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia huallagana Cuatrec.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Pentacalia huamaliensis (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia huamaliensis (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia huamaliensis Cabrera

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3409* (MOL)
Pentacalia jalcana (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia jalcana (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia jalcana Cuatrec.

Pentacalia jelskii (Hieron.) Cuatrec.

Pentacalia jelskii (Hieron.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia jelskii Hieron.

Note: For alternative treatment, see Cabrera (1985: 92).
Voucher: Jelski 769* (US)
Pentacalia loretensis (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia loretensis (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia loretensis Cuatrec.

Pentacalia lucidissima (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia lucidissima (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia lucidissima Cuatrec.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Tuesta & Woytkowski 34500* (F)
Pentacalia marinii (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia marinii (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia marinii Cabrera

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Note: For alternaive treatment, see Cabrera (1985: 100).
Voucher: Marin 1949* (LP)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Pentacalia megaphlebia (Greenm. & Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia megaphlebia (Greenm. & Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia megaphlebia Greenm. & Cuatrec.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Pentacalia oronocensis (DC.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia oronocensis (DC.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia oronocensis Cabrera, Pentacalia oronocensis Cuatrec.,

Pentacalia oronocensis DC.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Note: For alternative treatment, see Cabrera (1985: 102).
Voucher: Ferreyra 2310 (US)
Pentacalia peruviana (Pers.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia peruviana (Pers.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia peruviana Benth., Pentacalia peruviana Pers., Pentacalia

peruviana Turcz.
Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* (P), Sagástegui 12778 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Lambayeque.
Pentacalia pomacochana (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.

Pentacalia pomacochana (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia pomacochana Cuatrec., Pentacalia pomacochana Cuatrec.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 989* (US), Wurdack 990 (US)
Pentacalia purpurivenosa (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia purpurivenosa (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia purpurivenosa Cuatrec.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Macbride 4969* (F), Marin 2157 (LP)
Departments: Cuzco.
Pentacalia reflexa (Kunth) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia reflexa (Kunth) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia reflexa (Greenm.) Cuatrec., Pentacalia reflexa Greenm.,

Pentacalia reflexa Greenm., Pentacalia reflexa Kunth
Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Macbride 5254 (MO)
Pentacalia rufohirsuta (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia rufohirsuta (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia rufohirsuta Cabrera

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Macbride 4876* (MO)
$
Pentacalia tarapotensis (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia tarapotensis (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia tarapotensis Cabrera

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4811 (C)
Pentacalia urubambensis (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia urubambensis (Cabrera) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia urubambensis Cabrera

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 2185* (LP)
Departments: Cuzco.
Pentacalia vernicifolia (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia vernicifolia (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia vernicifolia Cuatrec.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Sandeman 4298* (K), Hutchinson & Wright 6649 (F)
Departments: Piura.
Pentacalia verticillata (Klatt) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia verticillata (Klatt) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia verticillata Greenm., Pentacalia verticillata Klatt

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Mathews 105* (K), Sagástegui 9520 (F)
Pentacalia wurdackii (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Pentacalia wurdackii (Cuatrec.) Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pentacalia wurdackii Cuatrec.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Pentaclethra brevipila Benth.
Pentaclethra brevipila Benth. = Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze
Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 313.
Pentaclethra filamentosa Benth.
Pentaclethra filamentosa Benth. = Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze
Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 313; Lewis, G. P. & P. E. Owen, 1989: 29.
Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze
Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze
Synonyms: Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Poir., Pentaclethra macroloba Benth.,

Pentaclethra macroloba Benth., Pentaclethra macroloba Willd.
Reference: Schery, R. W., 1950: 313; Lewis, G. P. & P. E. Owen, 1989: 29.
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Pentacyphus boliviensis Schltr.
Pentacyphus boliviensis Schltr. = Sarcostemma andinum (Ball) R.W. Holm
Pentadenia ascendens (Rusby) Wiehler
Pentadenia ascendens (Rusby) Wiehler = Columnea inaequilatera Poepp.
Pentadenia aurantiaca (Decaisne ex Planchon) Hanst.
Pentadenia aurantiaca (Decaisne ex Planchon) Hanst. = Columnea strigosa Benth.
Pentadenia isernii (Cuatrec.) Wiehler
Pentadenia isernii (Cuatrec.) Wiehler = Columnea isernii Cuatrec.
Pentadenia orientandina Wiehler
Pentadenia orientandina Wiehler = Columnea orientandina (Wiehler) L.P. Kvist & L.E.
Skog
Pentadenia strigosa (Benth.) Hanst.
Pentadenia strigosa (Benth.) Hanst. = Columnea strigosa Benth.
Pentadenia trollii (Mansf.) Wiehler
Pentadenia trollii (Mansf.) Wiehler = Columnea trollii Mansf.

$
Pentadenia weberbaueri (Mansf.) Wiehler
Pentadenia weberbaueri (Mansf.) Wiehler = Columnea weberbaueri Mansf.
Pentadenia zapotalana Wiehler
Pentadenia zapotalana Wiehler = Alloplectus microsepalus C.V. Morton
Pentagonia biflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze
Pentagonia biflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze = Triodanis biflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Greene
Reference: Jeppesen, S., 1981: 4.
Pentagonia gigantifolia Ducke
Pentagonia gigantifolia Ducke

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ducke RB 21682* (RB), Berlin 273 (MO!)
Pentagonia parvifolia Steyerm.
Pentagonia parvifolia Steyerm.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, seasonally
Voucher: Wurdack 2523* (US), Vásquez & Jaramillo 2712 (MO!)
$
Pentagonia peruviana Standl.
Pentagonia peruviana Standl.

Note: Not known from Peru. Standley (1931a) suggests that the type was actually
collected in Ecuador along the Río Pastaza.
Pentagonia rubriflora D.R. Simpson
Pentagonia rubriflora D.R. Simpson

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. This may be a synonym of P.
velutina.
Pentagonia spathicalyx Schum.
Pentagonia spathicalyx Schum.

Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Loreto, San Martín,
Ucayali.
Pentagonia subauriculata Standl.
Pentagonia subauriculata Standl.

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28959* (F), Vásquez & Jaramillo 11098 (MO!)
Pentagonia velutina Standl.
Pentagonia velutina Standl.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: William 5280* (F), Kujikat 109 (MO!)
Pentagonia williamsii Standl.
Pentagonia williamsii Standl.

Voucher: Williams 1949* (F), Foster 8703 (MO!)
Pentagonia wurdackii Steyerm.
Pentagonia wurdackii Steyerm.

Voucher: Wurdack 2435* (US), Huashikat 623 (MO!)
Pentagonium flavum (Meyen) Schauer
Pentagonium flavum (Meyen) Schauer = Sarcostemma solanoides (Kunth) Decne.

$
Pentanthus jungioides Hook. & Arn.
Pentanthus jungioides Hook. & Arn. = Paracalia jungioides (Hook. & Arn.) Cuatrec.
Pentlandia miniata Herbert
Pentlandia miniata Herbert = Stenomesson miniatum (Herbert) Ravenna
Pentlandia miniata var. lacunosa Herbert
Pentlandia miniata var. lacunosa Herbert = Stenomesson miniatum (Herbert) Ravenna
Pentlandia miniata var. sulivanica Herbert
Pentlandia miniata var. sulivanica Herbert = Stenomesson miniatum (Herbert) Ravenna
Peperomia acuminata Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia acuminata Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia acuminata (Kunth) Poir., Peperomia acuminata (Ruiz & Pav.)
Pers., Peperomia acuminata C. DC., Peperomia acuminata Kunth, Peperomia acuminata
Vahl
Reference: Flora Peru: 1216: 19; Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 460; Yuncker,
T. G., 1974: 82.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-3500 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui et al. 12396 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, San Martín.
Peperomia acutifolia C. DC.
Peperomia acutifolia C. DC.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: forests, riversides. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4094* (G-DC), Schunke 3256 (NY!)
Peperomia adscendens C. DC.
Peperomia adscendens C. DC.
Reference: Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 458.

Voucher: Croat 58020 (NY!, USM!)
Peperomia aerea Trel.
Peperomia aerea Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Schunke 494* (F), Schunke 187 (F?)
Peperomia agapatensis C. DC.
Peperomia agapatensis C. DC. = Peperomia galioides var. galioides
Reference: FP 1216: 19; Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 568; Yuncker, T. G.,
1974: 183.
$
Peperomia ainana Trel.
Peperomia ainana Trel.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 22766* (US), Killip & Smith 23725 (NY!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Junín, San Martín.
Peperomia alata Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia alata Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia alata (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

T. G., 1974: 173.
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Foster et al. 8921 (NY!, USM!)
Peperomia alatiscapa Trel.
Peperomia alatiscapa Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia alismaefolia Presl
Peperomia alismaefolia Presl

Note: The Flora of Peru lists the type as "from the mountains of Peru," without
additional information.
Peperomia andicola Dahlst.
Peperomia andicola Dahlst.

Peperomia andinacea C. DC.
Peperomia andinacea C. DC. = Peperomia emarginella (Sw. ex Wikström) C. DC.
1974: 74.
Peperomia angularis C. DC.
Peperomia angularis C. DC.
Peperomia angustata Kunth
Peperomia angustata Kunth
Synonyms: Peperomia angustata C. DC.

Reference: Callejas, pers. comm..
Voucher: Smith 8427 (NY!)
Departments: Pasco, San Martín.
$
Peperomia anisophylla C. DC.
Peperomia anisophylla C. DC.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Peperomia antoniana Trel.
Peperomia antoniana Trel.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 29498* (US), Klug 2531 (NY!)
Peperomia apurimacana Trel.
Peperomia apurimacana Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22355* (ILL)
Peperomia arborigaudens Trel.
Peperomia arborigaudens Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
$
Peperomia arboriseda C. DC.
Peperomia arboriseda C. DC.
Peperomia arboriseda var.arboriseda
Peperomia arboriseda var. arboriseda

Peperomia arboriseda var.moyobambana C. DC.
Peperomia arboriseda var. moyobambana C. DC.

Peperomia arctebaccata Trel.
Peperomia arctebaccata Trel.

$
Peperomia arcuatispica Trel.
Peperomia arcuatispica Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia areolata Trel.
Peperomia areolata Trel.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28660* (US), Ferreyra 10297 (USM!)
Peperomia artatiflora Trel.
Peperomia artatiflora Trel.

Voucher: Stevens 47* (ILL)
Peperomia asperula Hutchison & Rauh
Peperomia asperula Hutchison & Rauh
$
Peperomia asplundii Yunck.
Peperomia asplundii Yunck.
Reference: 0026638, : 167.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Asplund 12757* (NY)
Peperomia asterophylla Trel.
Peperomia asterophylla Trel.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28909* (US), Wurdack 2038 (NY!)
Peperomia atocongona Trel.
Peperomia atocongona Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Rauh P2154 (NY!)
Departments: Lima.
Peperomia ayacuchana Trel.
Peperomia ayacuchana Trel.
Peperomia balsapuertana Trel.

Peperomia balsapuertana Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia bangii C. DC.
Peperomia bangii C. DC.
Peperomia basellaefolia Kunth
Peperomia basellaefolia Kunth = Peperomia acuminata Ruiz & Pav.
1974: 82.
Peperomia bermudezana Trel.
Peperomia bermudezana Trel.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 26451* (NY!)
Peperomia bicolor Sodiro
Peperomia bicolor Sodiro
Peperomia binispica Trel.

Peperomia binispica Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth
Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth
Synonyms: Peperomia blanda Jacq., Peperomia blanda Yunck., Peperomia blanda Yunck.
Voucher: Sagástegui et al. 11223 (NY!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco.
Peperomia blepharipus Trel.
Peperomia blepharipus Trel.
Peperomia blepharipus var.binispica Trel.
Peperomia blepharipus var. binispica Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia blepharipus var.blepharipus
Peperomia blepharipus var. blepharipus

Peperomia blepharipus var.iquitosensis Trel.
Peperomia blepharipus var. iquitosensis Trel.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Peperomia boekei Callejas
Peperomia boekei Callejas
Reference: Callejas, R., 1990: 73.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean I: elfin forests. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Barbour 3240 (NY!)
Peperomia brachyiula Trel.
Peperomia brachyiula Trel.

Departments: Lima.
Peperomia bracteispica Trel.

Peperomia bracteispica Trel.

Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 4171A* (F), Wurdack 708 (NY!)
Peperomia brevicaulis Trel.
Peperomia brevicaulis Trel.
Reference: Trelease, W., 1929: 208.

Peperomia brittonii C. DC.
Peperomia brittonii C. DC.
Peperomia caducifolia Trel.
Peperomia caducifolia Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Peperomia cainarachiana Yunck.
Peperomia cainarachiana Yunck.
Reference: Yuncker, T. G., 1957: 540.

Voucher: Klug 2653* (S)
Peperomia calvescens Trel.
Peperomia calvescens Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia caniana Trel.
Peperomia caniana Trel.

Peperomia carpapatana Trel.
Peperomia carpapatana Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Peperomia carrapana Trel.
Peperomia carrapana Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia casapiana C. DC.
Peperomia casapiana C. DC.

Peperomia ceapanana Trel.
Peperomia ceapanana Trel.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Herrera 1468* (US)
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia cerea Trel.
Peperomia cerea Trel.

Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 3330* (F!), Hutchison 1802 (NY!)
Peperomia chachapoyasensis C. DC.

Peperomia chachapoyasensis C. DC.
Synonyms: Peperomia chachapoyasensis Miq.

Voucher: Mathews 3230* , Berlin 550 (NY!)
Peperomia chalhuapuquiana Trel.
Peperomia chalhuapuquiana Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Stevens 215* (ILL), Vargas 6218 (NY!)
Peperomia chanchamayana Trel.
Peperomia chanchamayana Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia chartaceae Trel.
Peperomia chartaceae Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia chillonensis Trel.

Peperomia chillonensis Trel.

Departments: Lima.
Peperomia chrysotricha Miq.
Peperomia chrysotricha Miq.

Voucher: Dombey 933*
Peperomia ciliatifolia Trel.
Peperomia ciliatifolia Trel.
Peperomia ciliatifolia var.ciliatifolia
Peperomia ciliatifolia var. ciliatifolia

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28684* (US), Woytkowski 1306 (NY!)
Peperomia ciliatifolia var.eciliatifolia Trel.
Peperomia ciliatifolia var. eciliatifolia Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia ciliatifolia var.iquitosana Trel.
Peperomia ciliatifolia var. iquitosana Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia ciliatifolia var.santarosana Trel.
Peperomia ciliatifolia var. santarosana Trel.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28988* (US), Woytkowski 1237 (NY!)
Peperomia circinnata Link
Peperomia circinnata Link

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Maas et al. (USM!)
Peperomia claudii C. DC.

Peperomia claudii C. DC.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Jones 9857 (NY!)
Peperomia clavatispica Trel. & Yunck.
Peperomia clavatispica Trel. & Yunck.

Peperomia coloniae Trel.
Peperomia coloniae Trel.

Peperomia columella Rauh & Hutchison
Peperomia columella Rauh & Hutchison
Reference: Rauh, W. & P. C. Hutchison, 1973: 152.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 4015* (USM!)
Peperomia columnaris Hutchison

Peperomia columnaris Hutchison
Peperomia concava Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia concava Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia concava (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

Peperomia concinna A. Dietr.
Peperomia concinna A. Dietr. = Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth
Peperomia confertispica Trel.
Peperomia confertispica Trel.
Peperomia confertispica var.confertispica
Peperomia confertispica var. confertispica

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Note: Collection number reprted incorrectly as "1466" in the Flora of Peru.
Peperomia confertispica var.erecta Trel.

Peperomia confertispica var. erecta Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Peperomia congesta Kunth
Peperomia congesta Kunth

Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (P)
Departments: Piura.
Peperomia congestispica Trel.
Peperomia congestispica Trel.

Peperomia connixa Trel. & Yunck.
Peperomia connixa Trel. & Yunck.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: cloud forests, elfin forests. 1500-2000 m.
$
Peperomia cordifolia Opiz in Presl
Peperomia cordifolia Opiz in Presl = Peperomia opiziana A. Dietr.
Peperomia cordulilimba C. DC.
Peperomia cordulilimba C. DC.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Departments: Puno.
Peperomia cotoneasterifolia Trel.
Peperomia cotoneasterifolia Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24390* (US), Hutchison & Tovar 4138 (USM!)
Peperomia crassulaecaulis Trel.
Peperomia crassulaecaulis Trel.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 24355* (US), Hutchison & Tovar 4149 (NY!)
Peperomia crinigera Trel.

Peperomia crinigera Trel.

Voucher: Stevens 45* (ILL), Killip & Smith 24449
Peperomia crotalophora Trel.
Peperomia crotalophora Trel.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1216: 34; Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 697.
Ecology: Endemic herb. .. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia cruciata Trel.
Peperomia cruciata Trel.

Peperomia crusculibacca Trel.
Peperomia crusculibacca Trel.

Voucher: Stevens 90* (ILL), Killip & Smith 24305
$
Peperomia crystallina Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia crystallina Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia crystallina (R. & P.) Vahl

Departments: Lima.
Peperomia cuprea Trel.
Peperomia cuprea Trel.
Peperomia cuprea var.cordulifolia Trel.
Peperomia cuprea var. cordulifolia Trel.

Ecology: herb. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 379* (F)!
Peperomia cuprea var.cuprea
Peperomia cuprea var. cuprea

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests on white sand. 1500-2000 m.
$
Peperomia currucaeformis Trel.
Peperomia currucaeformis Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Peperomia curticaulis Trel.
Peperomia curticaulis Trel.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Peperomia curtipes Trel.
Peperomia curtipes Trel.
Peperomia curtipes var.contracta Trel.
Peperomia curtipes var. contracta Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Peperomia curtipes var.curtipes
Peperomia curtipes var. curtipes

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia cushiana Trel.
Peperomia cushiana Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia cusilluyocana Trel.
Peperomia cusilluyocana Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia cyclophylla Miq.
Peperomia cyclophylla Miq.

Voucher: Spruce 4987* (G-DEL photo F!)
Peperomia dasystachia Miq.

Peperomia dasystachia Miq.

Voucher: Mathews 322* (G-DEL photo F!)
Peperomia debilipes Trel.
Peperomia debilipes Trel.
Peperomia debilipes var.debilipes
Peperomia debilipes var. debilipes

Ecology. 1000-2500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25545* (US), Vargas 6787A (NY!)
Peperomia debilipes var.dimorpha Trel.
Peperomia debilipes var. dimorpha Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Departments: Pasco.
Peperomia deceptrix Trel.
Peperomia deceptrix Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia deficiens Trel.
Peperomia deficiens Trel.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Williams 5758A* (F)
Peperomia dendroides Trel.
Peperomia dendroides Trel.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 3640* (F), Vargas 8336 (NY!)
Peperomia dendromorphis Trel.
Peperomia dendromorphis Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia deodorata Trel.

Peperomia deodorata Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 6788 (NY!)
Peperomia dependens Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia dependens Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (MA), Pavón 36
Peperomia deppeana Schltr. & Cham.
Peperomia deppeana Schltr. & Cham.
Peperomia diehliana Trel.
Peperomia diehliana Trel.

Voucher: Diehl 2526* (F)
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia distachya (L.) A. Dietr.
Peperomia distachya (L.) A. Dietr.

Synonyms: Peperomia distachya L.
Voucher: Allard 21374 (MO!)
Peperomia distractiflora Trel.
Peperomia distractiflora Trel.

Peperomia dolabella Rauh & Kimnach
Peperomia dolabella Rauh & Kimnach
Reference: Rauh, W. & M. Kimnach, 1987: 5.

Voucher: Kimnach et al. 2895B* (HEID)
Peperomia dolabriformis Kunth
Peperomia dolabriformis Kunth
Peperomia dolabriformis var.brachyphylla Rauh
Peperomia dolabriformis var. brachyphylla Rauh
$
Peperomia dolabriformis var.confertifolia Yunck.
Peperomia dolabriformis var. confertifolia Yunck.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: rocky slopes. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 6846 (NY!)
Peperomia dolabriformis var.dolabriformis
Peperomia dolabriformis var. dolabriformis
Synonyms: Peperomia dolabriformis dolabriformis (Kunth) Poir.

Voucher: Dillon et al. 4662 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Piura.
Peperomia dolabriformis var.velutina Trel.
Peperomia dolabriformis var. velutina Trel.

Peperomia drapeta Trel.
Peperomia drapeta Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
$
Peperomia elegans C. DC.
Peperomia elegans C. DC.

Voucher: Spruce 4871* (K), Ferreyra 2259 (USM!)
Peperomia elegantifolia Trel.
Peperomia elegantifolia Trel.

Peperomia ellipticorhombea C. DC.
Peperomia ellipticorhombea C. DC.

Voucher: Mathews 1835* (K), Mathews 1689
Peperomia elongata Kunth
Peperomia elongata Kunth

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests, swamps. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Díaz & Jaramillo 83 (NY!)
$
Peperomia emarginata Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia emarginata Ruiz & Pav. = Peperomia obtusifolia var. emarginata (Ruiz &
Pav.) Dahlst.
Peperomia emarginella (Sw. ex Wikström) C. DC.
Peperomia emarginella (Sw. ex Wikström) C. DC.
Synonyms: Peperomia emarginella C. DC., Peperomia emarginella Sw. ex Wikström

Reference: Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 710; Yuncker, T. G., 1974: 74.
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Foster et al. 7899 (NY!)

Departments: Cuzco, Pasco, Puno.
Peperomia emarginulata C. DC.
Peperomia emarginulata C. DC.
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (MA), Schunke 7580 (MO!)
Peperomia enckeaefolia Trel.
Peperomia enckeaefolia Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia enenyasensis Trel.
Peperomia enenyasensis Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia erythrocorma Trel.
Peperomia erythrocorma Trel.

Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 4678 (F)
Peperomia erythrostachya Trel.
Peperomia erythrostachya Trel.

Peperomia estrellana Trel.
Peperomia estrellana Trel.

Peperomia exiguispica Trel.
Peperomia exiguispica Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia exilamenta Trel.
Peperomia exilamenta Trel.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Williams 5722* (F), Williams 6258
Peperomia exiliramea Trel.
Peperomia exiliramea Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia falsa A.W. Hill

Peperomia falsa A.W. Hill

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Departments: Puno.
Peperomia famelica Trel.
Peperomia famelica Trel.

Peperomia ferreyrae Yunck.
Peperomia ferreyrae Yunck.
Reference: 0026638, : 168.

Voucher: Ferreyra 7592* (US), Hutchison & Wright 4010 (USM!)
Peperomia ficta Trel.
Peperomia ficta Trel.

$
Peperomia fieldiana Trel.
Peperomia fieldiana Trel.

Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 4684* (F), Bennett 465A (NY!)
Peperomia filiformis Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia filiformis Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia filiformis (Ruiz & Pav.) Raf., Peperomia filiformis Vahl
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Puno.
Peperomia fissicola Trel.
Peperomia fissicola Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Peperomia flabilis Trel.
Peperomia flabilis Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia flavamenta Trel.
Peperomia flavamenta Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia flavescens C. DC.
Peperomia flavescens C. DC.
Peperomia flavescens var.flavescens
Peperomia flavescens var. flavescens

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia flavescens var.lechleri Trel.
Peperomia flavescens var. lechleri Trel.

Departments: Puno.
$
Peperomia flavescens var.markhami Trel.
Peperomia flavescens var. markhami Trel.

Voucher: Markham 4* (K)
Departments: Puno.
Peperomia flavescentifolia Trel.
Peperomia flavescentifolia Trel.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 27142* (NY!), Klug 99 (NY!)
Peperomia foliata Trel.
Peperomia foliata Trel.

Peperomia foliiflora Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia foliiflora Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia foliiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl, Peperomia foliiflora Miq.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: forests, riversides. 500-3000 m.
Voucher: Stein & Todzia 2262 (NY!)
Peperomia fortipes Trel.
Peperomia fortipes Trel.

Peperomia fortunati Trel.
Peperomia fortunati Trel. = Peperomia mandonii C. DC.
Reference: FP 1216: 48; Yuncker, T. G., 1974: 77.
Peperomia fragilissima Trel.
Peperomia fragilissima Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia fraseri C. DC.
Peperomia fraseri C. DC.

Voucher: Simpson & Schunke 455 (NY!, USM!)
Departments: Lambayeque, Tumbes.
Peperomia furcata Opiz in Presl
Peperomia furcata Opiz in Presl

Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR)
Peperomia fuscispica C. DC.
Peperomia fuscispica C. DC.

Peperomia galioides Kunth
Peperomia galioides Kunth
Peperomia galioides var.aromatica C. DC.
Peperomia galioides var. aromatica C. DC.

Peperomia galioides var.galioides
Peperomia galioides var. galioides
Synonyms: Peperomia galioides galioides C. DC.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-III: rocky slopes. 500-4000 m.
Voucher: Smith 8170 (NY!)
Huánuco, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Piura, Puno.
Peperomia gaudichaudii A.W. Hill
Peperomia gaudichaudii A.W. Hill = Peperomia hillii Trel.
Peperomia gayi C. DC.
Peperomia gayi C. DC.

Voucher: Gay 2181* (P)
Peperomia gibba C. DC.
Peperomia gibba C. DC.

Voucher: Ule 6322* (B photo F!)
$
Peperomia gilberti Trel.
Peperomia gilberti Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia glabella (Sw.) A. Dietr.
Peperomia glabella (Sw.) A. Dietr.
Synonyms: Peperomia glabella Sw.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests, riversides.
0-2500 m.
Voucher: King 450 (NY!)
Peperomia glabrirhachis Trel.
Peperomia glabrirhachis Trel.

Voucher: Stevens 211* (ILL), Stevens 64
Peperomia glanduligera var. villosissma Yunck.
Peperomia glanduligera var. villosissma Yunck. = Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth

Peperomia glanduligera Yunck.
Peperomia glanduligera Yunck. = Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth
Peperomia glareosa Trel.
Peperomia glareosa Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia granulatifolia Trel.
Peperomia granulatifolia Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia granulatilimba Trel.
Peperomia granulatilimba Trel.

Voucher: Williams 4617* (F), Klug 3200 (NY!)
Peperomia grisari C. DC.
Peperomia grisari C. DC.
Note: Type collected in Ecuador or Peru.
Voucher: Grisar s.n.*
Peperomia guayrapurana Trel.
Peperomia guayrapurana Trel.

Peperomia gucayana Trel.
Peperomia gucayana Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Herrera 1464* (US)
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia haematolepis Trel.
Peperomia haematolepis Trel.

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. Probably a synonym of
Peperomia obtusifolia, according to Callejas (pers. comm.). Found only in Colombia
& Ecuador according to Trelease & Yuncker (1950).
Peperomia haenkeana Opiz in Presl
Peperomia haenkeana Opiz in Presl

Peperomia hamiltonianifolia Trel.
Peperomia hamiltonianifolia Trel.

Peperomia hartwegiana Miq.
Peperomia hartwegiana Miq.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-4500 m.

Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Junín.
Peperomia herrerae Trel.

Peperomia herrerae Trel.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Herrera s.n.* (US)
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia heterophylla Miq.
Peperomia heterophylla Miq.

Peperomia heterostachya A. Dietr.
Peperomia heterostachya A. Dietr.
Synonyms: Peperomia heterostachya (A. Dietr.) D. Dietr., Peperomia heterostachya

Opiz in Presl
Peperomia hillii Trel.
Peperomia hillii Trel.
Synonyms: Peperomia hillii A.W. Hill

Voucher: Ferreyra 3859 (USM!), Ferreyra 3859 (USM!)
Departments: Lima.
Peperomia hispidula (Sw.) A. Dietr.
Peperomia hispidula (Sw.) A. Dietr.
Synonyms: Peperomia hispidula Sw.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: forests, riversides. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 631 (NY!)
Peperomia hispidula var. perhispidula (C. DC.) C. DC.
Peperomia hispidula var. perhispidula (C. DC.) C. DC. = Peperomia perhispidula var.
perhispidula
Peperomia hispiduliformis Trel.
Peperomia hispiduliformis Trel.
Peperomia hispiduliformis var.ciliosa Yunck.
Peperomia hispiduliformis var. ciliosa Yunck.

Voucher: Woytkowski 1560* (DPU)
$
Peperomia hoffmannii C. DC.
Peperomia hoffmannii C. DC.

Peperomia huacachiana Trel.
Peperomia huacachiana Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 3899* (F), Macbride & Featherstone 3416 (F)
Peperomia huacapistanana Trel.
Peperomia huacapistanana Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Stevens 89* (ILL), Killip & Smith 26064 (NY!)
Departments: Pasco.
Peperomia huallagana Trel.
Peperomia huallagana Trel.
Peperomia huallagana var.compacta Trel.

Peperomia huallagana var. compacta Trel.

Peperomia huallagana var.huallagana
Peperomia huallagana var. huallagana

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia huantana Trel.
Peperomia huantana Trel.
Peperomia huantana var.enenyasana Trel.
Peperomia huantana var. enenyasana Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia huantana var.huantana
Peperomia huantana var. huantana

Peperomia huanucoana Trel.
Peperomia huanucoana Trel.

Voucher: Macbride 3256* (F), Hutchison 5011 (NY!, USM!)
Peperomia hutchisonii Yunck.
Peperomia hutchisonii Yunck.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 500-
3000 m.
Peperomia hyporhoda Trel.
Peperomia hyporhoda Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia inaequalifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Peperomia inaequalifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia inaequalifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl, Peperomia inaequalifolia

Willd.
T. G., 1974: 191.
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (MA), Mathews 124933
Peperomia inaequilatera Trel.
Peperomia inaequilatera Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia induratifolia Trel.
Peperomia induratifolia Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia itayana Trel.
Peperomia itayana Trel.

$
Peperomia josei Yunck.
Peperomia josei Yunck.

Peperomia juniniana Trel.
Peperomia juniniana Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Schunke 357* (F), Killip & Smith 24809 (NY!)
Peperomia klotzschiana Miq.
Peperomia klotzschiana Miq.

Peperomia lanceolatapeltata C. DC.
Peperomia lanceolatapeltata C. DC.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: riversides. 500-1000 m.
Peperomia lancifolia Hook.
Peperomia lancifolia Hook.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: cloud forests, elfin forests. 500-2500
m.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, San Martín, Ucayali.
Peperomia lanosa Trel.
Peperomia lanosa Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Peperomia lechleriana Trel.
Peperomia lechleriana Trel.

Voucher: Lechler 2375 (K)
Departments: Puno.
Peperomia lepadiphylla Trel.
Peperomia lepadiphylla Trel.

Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Departments: Lima.
Peperomia leuconeura Trel.
Peperomia leuconeura Trel.

Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 5628* (F), Luteyn & Luteyn 5488 (NY!)
Peperomia limaensis Trel.
Peperomia limaensis Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Departments: Lima.
Peperomia longepedunculata Opiz in Presl
Peperomia longepedunculata Opiz in Presl

Peperomia longipila C. DC.

Peperomia longipila C. DC.

Voucher: Ule 6407*
Peperomia longispica Trel.
Peperomia longispica Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 3928* (F), Killip & Smith 24188 (NY!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín.
Peperomia macbrideana Trel.
Peperomia macbrideana Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia macrorhiza Kunth
Peperomia macrorhiza Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1216: 60; Rauh, W., 1989: 225.

Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P)
$
Peperomia macrostachya (Vahl) A. Dietr.
Peperomia macrostachya (Vahl) A. Dietr.
Peperomia macrostachya var.macrostachya
Peperomia macrostachya var. macrostachya
Synonyms: Peperomia macrostachya macrostachya Vahl

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests, riversides, seasonally
Voucher: Tunqui 673 (NY!)
Martín, Ucayali.
Peperomia macrostachya var.nematostachya (Link) Trel. & Yunck.
Peperomia macrostachya var. nematostachya (Link) Trel. & Yunck.
Synonyms: Peperomia macrostachya nematostachya Link

Reference: Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 661; Steyermark, J. A., 1984: 140.
Voucher: Woytkowski 6157 (NY!)
Peperomia macrothyrsa Miq.
Peperomia macrothyrsa Miq.

Voucher: Mathews 3228* , Ferreyra 7594 (USM!)
$
Peperomia maculosa (L.) W. Hook.
Peperomia maculosa (L.) W. Hook.
Synonyms: Peperomia maculosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Peperomia maculosa Ruiz & Pav.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.
Peperomia magnoliifolia (Jacq.) A. Dietr.
Peperomia magnoliifolia (Jacq.) A. Dietr.
Synonyms: Peperomia magnoliifolia Jacq.

Peperomia majalis Trel.
Peperomia majalis Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia mandonii C. DC.
Peperomia mandonii C. DC.
Synonyms: Peperomia mandonii Trel.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Herrera s.n. (F)
Peperomia mansericheana Trel.
Peperomia mansericheana Trel. = Peperomia vulcanicola C. DC.
Peperomia maransara Trel.
Peperomia maransara Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia marcapatana Trel.
Peperomia marcapatana Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia marmorata Hooker
Peperomia marmorata Hooker
Peperomia marshalliana Trel.

Peperomia marshalliana Trel.

Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 4710* (F), Schunke 460 (F)
Peperomia martiana Miq.
Peperomia martiana Miq.
Peperomia martiana var.martiana
Peperomia martiana var. martiana
Synonyms: Peperomia martiana martiana Trel.

Peperomia martiana var.nervosa Yunck.
Peperomia martiana var. nervosa Yunck.

Voucher: Poeppig 1660* (W), Poeppig 1600 (W)
Peperomia mathewsiana Miq.

Peperomia mathewsiana Miq.

Peperomia maypurensis Kunth
Peperomia maypurensis Kunth
Synonyms: Peperomia maypurensis Yunck.
Peperomia megalepis Trel.
Peperomia megalepis Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Peperomia mercedana C. DC.
Peperomia mercedana C. DC.
Peperomia mercedana var.carpapatana Trel.
Peperomia mercedana var. carpapatana Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3500 m.
Peperomia mercedana var.mercedana
Peperomia mercedana var. mercedana

Peperomia metallica Linden & Rodigas
Peperomia metallica Linden & Rodigas

Peperomia microlepis Trel.
Peperomia microlepis Trel.

Peperomia micromamillata Trel.
Peperomia micromamillata Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia microphylla Kunth
Peperomia microphylla Kunth

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Smith & Goodwin 8803 (NY!)
Peperomia milvifolia Trel.
Peperomia milvifolia Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Pearce 1864* (K)
Peperomia minuta A.W. Hill
Peperomia minuta A.W. Hill

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2776* , Herrera 1387
Peperomia mishuyacana Trel.

Peperomia mishuyacana Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia modicilimba C. DC.
Peperomia modicilimba C. DC.

Departments: Puno.
Peperomia monostachya Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia monostachya Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia monostachya (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

Peperomia montana C. DC.
Peperomia montana C. DC.

Voucher: Poeppig D1519*
$
Peperomia multiformis Trel.
Peperomia multiformis Trel.

Voucher: Spruce 4011* (NY!), Luteyn & Luteyn 5536 (NY!)
Peperomia muscigaudens C. DC.
Peperomia muscigaudens C. DC.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Puno.
Peperomia naevifolia Trel.
Peperomia naevifolia Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia naviculaefolia Trel.
Peperomia naviculaefolia Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
$
Peperomia nematostachya Link
Peperomia nematostachya Link = Peperomia macrostachya var. nematostachya (Link)

Trel. & Yunck.
Peperomia nigricans Trel.
Peperomia nigricans Trel.

Peperomia nigrooculata Trel.
Peperomia nigrooculata Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Peperomia nivalis Miq.
Peperomia nivalis Miq.

Ecology. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui 11279 (NY!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Huánuco.
$
Peperomia nonalata Trel.
Peperomia nonalata Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Peperomia nonhispidula Trel.
Peperomia nonhispidula Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Departments: Lima.
Peperomia nummularifolia (Sw.) Kunth
Peperomia nummularifolia (Sw.) Kunth = Peperomia rotundifolia (L.) Dahlst.
Peperomia obcordata Presl
Peperomia obcordata Presl

Note: Listed in the Flora of Peru as "type from the mountains of Peru," without
additional data.
$
Peperomia obcordatifolia Trel.
Peperomia obcordatifolia Trel.

Peperomia obex Trel.
Peperomia obex Trel.

Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 3992* (F), Asplund 12164
Peperomia obliqua Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia obliqua Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia obliqua Pers.

Peperomia obruenda Trel.
Peperomia obruenda Trel.

Peperomia obtusifolia (L.) A. Dietr.
Peperomia obtusifolia (L.) A. Dietr.
Departments: Huánuco, San Martín, Tumbes.
Peperomia obtusifolia (L.) A. Dietr. var.obtusifolia
Peperomia obtusifolia (L.) A. Dietr. var. obtusifolia
Synonyms: Peperomia obtusifolia obtusifolia L.

Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, San Martín, Tumbes.
Peperomia obtusifolia var.emarginata (Ruiz & Pav.) Dahlst.
Peperomia obtusifolia var. emarginata (Ruiz & Pav.) Dahlst.
Synonyms: Peperomia obtusifolia emarginata (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl, Peperomia

obtusifolia emarginata Ruiz & Pav.
Voucher: Ruiz 77* (MA)
Peperomia occultum Trel.

Peperomia occultum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia ollantaitambona Trel.
Peperomia ollantaitambona Trel.

Ecology. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Pennell 13661* (PH)
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia omnicola C. DC.
Peperomia omnicola C. DC.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Foster 9128 (USM!), Gentry et al. 61148 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.
Peperomia opiziana A. Dietr.
Peperomia opiziana A. Dietr.
Synonyms: Peperomia opiziana (A. Dietr.) D. Dietr., Peperomia opiziana Opiz in

Presl
Voucher: Haenke 1790*
$
Peperomia ornata Yunck.
Peperomia ornata Yunck. = Peperomia maypurensis Kunth
Peperomia oxyphylla C. DC.
Peperomia oxyphylla C. DC.

Peperomia pachiteana Trel.
Peperomia pachiteana Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia pakipski C. DC.
Peperomia pakipski C. DC.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Puno.
$
Peperomia palcana C. DC.
Peperomia palcana C. DC.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Peperomia pampalcana Trel.
Peperomia pampalcana Trel.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Peperomia parva Trel.
Peperomia parva Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia parvifolia C. DC.
Peperomia parvifolia C. DC.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: forests, riversides, rocky slopes. 3000-4000
m.
Voucher: Dillon et al. 2832 (NY!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Lima, La Libertad.
Peperomia parvipunctulata Trel.
Peperomia parvipunctulata Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia pavoniana C. DC.
Peperomia pavoniana C. DC.

Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (MA)
Peperomia pearcei Trel.
Peperomia pearcei Trel.

Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth
Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth

Synonyms: Peperomia pellucida (L.) Miq., Peperomia pellucida A. Dietr., Peperomia
pellucida Haw., Peperomia pellucida Kunth, Peperomia pellucida L., Peperomia
pellucida Miq.
Peperomia pellucida var. minor Miq.
Peperomia pellucida var. minor Miq. = Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth
Peperomia pellucida var. pygmaea Kunth
Peperomia pellucida var. pygmaea Kunth = Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth
Peperomia peltoidea Kunth
Peperomia peltoidea Kunth

Voucher: Foster 9290 (NY!, USM!)
Peperomia percalvescens Trel.
Peperomia percalvescens Trel.

Peperomia pereneana Trel.
Peperomia pereneana Trel.

Peperomia pereskiifolia (Jacq.) Kunth
Peperomia pereskiifolia (Jacq.) Kunth
Synonyms: Peperomia pereskiifolia Jacq.

Voucher: Smith et al. 756 (NY!)
Peperomia pergamentacea Trel.
Peperomia pergamentacea Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia perhispidula C. DC.

Peperomia perhispidula C. DC.
Peperomia perhispidula var.glabrescens Trel.
Peperomia perhispidula var. glabrescens Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia perhispidula var.perhispidula
Peperomia perhispidula var. perhispidula
Synonyms: Peperomia perhispidula var. perhispidula (C. DC.) C. DC.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Peperomia pertomentella Trel.
Peperomia pertomentella Trel.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Peperomia peruviana (Miq.) Dahlst.
Peperomia peruviana (Miq.) Dahlst.

$
Peperomia peruviana (Miq.) Dahlst. var.peruviana
Peperomia peruviana (Miq.) Dahlst. var. peruviana
Synonyms: Peperomia peruviana peruviana Miq.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1216: 73; Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 714;
Steyermark, J. A., 1984: 193.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: lomas, rocky slopes. 0-3500
m.
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima, Loreto, Puno.
Peperomia peruviana var.major A.W. Hill
Peperomia peruviana var. major A.W. Hill

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Hill 183*
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia phyllantha Opiz in Presl
Peperomia phyllantha Opiz in Presl

Peperomia pichisensis Trel.
Peperomia pichisensis Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia pilifera Trel.
Peperomia pilifera Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Peperomia pillahuatana Trel.
Peperomia pillahuatana Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia pilosa Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia pilosa Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia pilosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

Voucher: Foster 9380 (NY!)
Peperomia pinedoana Trel.

Peperomia pinedoana Trel.

Peperomia playapampana Trel.
Peperomia playapampana Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Peperomia pleiomorpha Trel.
Peperomia pleiomorpha Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia plicatifolia Trel.
Peperomia plicatifolia Trel.

Departments: Puno.
$
Peperomia plurispica Trel.
Peperomia plurispica Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Peperomia poeppigii Miq.
Peperomia poeppigii Miq. = ?
Reference: FP 1216: 76; Faden, R., 1981: 35.
Peperomia polycephala Trel.
Peperomia polycephala Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Herrera 1460* (ILL)
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia polymorpha Trel.
Peperomia polymorpha Trel.

$
Peperomia pongoana Trel.
Peperomia pongoana Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Mexia 6210A* (UC)
Peperomia pontina Trel.
Peperomia pontina Trel.

Peperomia ppucuppucu Trel.
Peperomia ppucuppucu Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Herrera 3357* , Herrera 802
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia praeruptorum Trel.
Peperomia praeruptorum Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia procumbens C. DC.
Peperomia procumbens C. DC.

Peperomia profissa Trel.
Peperomia profissa Trel.

Peperomia prolifera Yunck.
Peperomia prolifera Yunck.

Voucher: Hutchison 1546* (UC)
Peperomia prostrata B.S. Williams
Peperomia prostrata B.S. Williams = Peperomia rotundifolia (L.) Dahlst.

$
Peperomia pruinosifolia Trel.
Peperomia pruinosifolia Trel.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Departments: Lima.
Peperomia pseudodependens C. DC.
Peperomia pseudodependens C. DC.

Peperomia pseudofurcata C. DC.
Peperomia pseudofurcata C. DC.

Voucher: Spruce 4009* (NY!)
Peperomia pseudogalapagensis Trel.
Peperomia pseudogalapagensis Trel.

Voucher: Wilkes Exped. 5920* (GH)
Departments: Lima.
Peperomia pseudorhynchophora C. DC.
Peperomia pseudorhynchophora C. DC.

Peperomia pseudosalicifolia Trel.
Peperomia pseudosalicifolia Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia psilostachya C. DC.
Peperomia psilostachya C. DC.
Peperomia puberulaeformis Trel.
Peperomia puberulaeformis Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia puberulibacca C. DC.
Peperomia puberulibacca C. DC.
Peperomia puberulibacca var.atricha Trel.
Peperomia puberulibacca var. atricha Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Peperomia puberulibacca var.puberulibacca
Peperomia puberulibacca var. puberulibacca

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Peperomia puberulipes Trel.
Peperomia puberulipes Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
$
Peperomia pubescentinervis Trel.
Peperomia pubescentinervis Trel.

Peperomia pubinervosa Trel.
Peperomia pubinervosa Trel.

Peperomia pubiramea Trel.
Peperomia pubiramea Trel.

Peperomia pumila Opiz in Presl
Peperomia pumila Opiz in Presl

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Allard 20997 (NY!)
Peperomia purpurea Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia purpurea Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

Peperomia puteolata Trel.
Peperomia puteolata Trel.

Peperomia quadratifolia Trel.
Peperomia quadratifolia Trel.

Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 186 (NY!)
Peperomia quadricoma Trel.
Peperomia quadricoma Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia quadrifolia (L.) Kunth
Peperomia quadrifolia (L.) Kunth
Synonyms: Peperomia quadrifolia L.

Peperomia quaerata Trel.
Peperomia quaerata Trel.

Peperomia quaesita Trel.
Peperomia quaesita Trel.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 26676* (US), Gentry et al. 27337 (NY!)
Martín.
Peperomia quatrometralis Trel.

Peperomia quatrometralis Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia quimiriana Trel.
Peperomia quimiriana Trel.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1500 m.
Peperomia quispicanchiana Trel.
Peperomia quispicanchiana Trel.

Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia racemifolia Trel.
Peperomia racemifolia Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Peperomia reflexa (L. f.) A. Dietr.
Peperomia reflexa (L. f.) A. Dietr. = Peperomia tetraphylla (G. Forst.) Hook. &
Arn.
Reference: Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 505; Callejas, pers. comm..
Peperomia reflexa var. peruviana Miq.
Peperomia reflexa var. peruviana Miq. = Peperomia rhombea Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia reptilis C. DC.
Peperomia reptilis C. DC.

Voucher: Tessmann 3926 (NY!)
Peperomia rhodophylla Trel.
Peperomia rhodophylla Trel.

Voucher: Pennell 13654* (F), Pennell 13661
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia rhombea Ruiz & Pav.

Peperomia rhombea Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia rhombea (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl, Peperomia rhombea Miq.
T. G., 1974: 150.
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests. 0-2000 m.
Martín.
Peperomia rhombeifolia Trel.
Peperomia rhombeifolia Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia rhombeoelliptica Trel.
Peperomia rhombeoelliptica Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 4171* (F), Killip & Smith 25510 (F)
Peperomia rhombiformis Trel.
Peperomia rhombiformis Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
$
Peperomia rhombilimba Trel.
Peperomia rhombilimba Trel.

Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco.
Peperomia roqueana Trel.
Peperomia roqueana Trel. = Peperomia martiana var. martiana
Peperomia rosea Trel.
Peperomia rosea Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Peperomia rotundata Kunth
Peperomia rotundata Kunth
Peperomia rotundata Kunth var.rotundata

Peperomia rotundata Kunth var. rotundata

Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco.
Peperomia rotundata var.trinervula (C. DC.) Steyerm.
Peperomia rotundata var. trinervula (C. DC.) Steyerm.
Synonyms: Peperomia rotundata trinervula C. DC.

Voucher: Hamilton & Holligan 1152 (NY!)
Peperomia rotundifolia (L.) Dahlst.
Peperomia rotundifolia (L.) Dahlst.
Synonyms: Peperomia rotundifolia (Sw.) Kunth, Peperomia rotundifolia (Sw.) Miq.,

Peperomia rotundifolia B.S. Williams, Peperomia rotundifolia L., Peperomia
rotundifolia Sw.
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, seasonally
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios,
Pasco, San Martín.
Peperomia rubea Trel.
Peperomia rubea Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Peperomia rubens Trel.
Peperomia rubens Trel.

Voucher: Schunke 353* (F), Barbour 4122 (NY!)
Peperomia rubescens C. DC.
Peperomia rubescens C. DC.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia rubrifolia Trel.
Peperomia rubrifolia Trel.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 24664* (F), Killip & Smith 25937 (NY!)
Peperomia rubrispica Trel.
Peperomia rubrispica Trel.

Voucher: Macbide & Featherstone 4667* (F)
Peperomia rufescens C. DC.
Peperomia rufescens C. DC.

Voucher: Pavón 277* (MA), Poeppig 2322
Peperomia rufescentifolia Trel.
Peperomia rufescentifolia Trel.

Peperomia rugata Trel.
Peperomia rugata Trel.

Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 23823* (US), Foster & Terbourgh 6616 (USM!)
Peperomia rugatifolia Trel.
Peperomia rugatifolia Trel.

$
Peperomia rugatifolia var.exilispica Trel.
Peperomia rugatifolia var. exilispica Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 1561* (F), Schunke 177
Peperomia rugatifolia var.rugatifolia
Peperomia rugatifolia var. rugatifolia

Peperomia ruiziana C. DC.
Peperomia ruiziana C. DC. = Peperomia acuminata Ruiz & Pav.
1974: 83.
Peperomia rupiseda C. DeCandolle ex Hill
Peperomia rupiseda C. DeCandolle ex Hill

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Departments: Lima.
$
Peperomia salicifolia C. DC.
Peperomia salicifolia C. DC.

Voucher: Gay 847* (P)
Peperomia salmonicolor Trel.
Peperomia salmonicolor Trel.
Peperomia salmonicolor var.salmonicolor
Peperomia salmonicolor var. salmonicolor

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia salmonicolor var.viridis Trel.
Peperomia salmonicolor var. viridis Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
$
Peperomia sanbuenaventurana Trel.
Peperomia sanbuenaventurana Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Lima.
Peperomia sandemanii Yunck.
Peperomia sandemanii Yunck.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Peperomia sangabanensis Trel.
Peperomia sangabanensis Trel.

Departments: Puno.
Peperomia sanroqueana Trel.
Peperomia sanroqueana Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
$
Peperomia santacruzana Trel.
Peperomia santacruzana Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Peperomia santiagoana Trel.
Peperomia santiagoana Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia sarcostachya Trel.
Peperomia sarcostachya Trel.
Peperomia sarcostachya var.repens Trel.
Peperomia sarcostachya var. repens Trel.

$
Peperomia sarcostachya var.sarcostachya
Peperomia sarcostachya var. sarcostachya

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia saxicola C. DC.
Peperomia saxicola C. DC.
Peperomia scabiosa Trel.
Peperomia scabiosa Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia scandens Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia scandens Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia scandens var.longispica Trel.
Peperomia scandens var. longispica Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia scandens var. scandens
Peperomia scandens var. scandens = Peperomia serpens (Sw.) Loudon
Peperomia schunkeana Trel.
Peperomia schunkeana Trel.

Voucher: Schunke 342* (F!), Killip & Smith 24526 (NY!)
Peperomia sclerophylla Trel.
Peperomia sclerophylla Trel.

Peperomia scutaleifolia Trel.
Peperomia scutaleifolia Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Peperomia scutellaefolia Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia scutellaefolia Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia scutellaefolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers., Peperomia scutellaefolia

(Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa.
Peperomia secunda Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia secunda Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia secunda Vahl

Voucher: Wasshausen & Encarnación 875 (NY!)
Peperomia seleri C. DC.
Peperomia seleri C. DC.

Voucher: Wawra 2542 (NY!)
Departments: Lima.
Peperomia semielongata Trel.

Peperomia semielongata Trel.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: shrublands. 1000-2000 m.
Peperomia semisupina Trel.
Peperomia semisupina Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Peperomia seposita Trel.
Peperomia seposita Trel.

Peperomia septemnervis Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia septemnervis Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia septemnervis (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
$
Peperomia serpens (Sw.) Loudon
Peperomia serpens (Sw.) Loudon
Synonyms: Peperomia serpens, Peperomia serpens (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq., Peperomia
serpens (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl, Peperomia serpens Sw.
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, riversides,
Voucher: Foster & Wachter 7271 (NY!)
Peperomia skottsbergii C. DC. ex Skottsb.
Peperomia skottsbergii C. DC. ex Skottsb.
Peperomia smithii Trel.
Peperomia smithii Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia soukupii Trel.
Peperomia soukupii Trel.

Voucher: Soukup 137* (F)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Peperomia spectabilis Miq.
Peperomia spectabilis Miq.

Peperomia spiculata Trel.
Peperomia spiculata Trel.
Peperomia spiculata var.elliptica Trel.
Peperomia spiculata var. elliptica Trel.

Peperomia spiculata var.spiculata
Peperomia spiculata var. spiculata

Peperomia sprucei C. DC.

Peperomia sprucei C. DC.

Voucher: Spruce 4931* (NY!)
Peperomia stilifera Yunck.
Peperomia stilifera Yunck.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: riversides. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Berlin 596 (NY!)
Peperomia strawii Hutchison
Peperomia strawii Hutchison
Peperomia striata Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia striata Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia striata (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

Peperomia subandina Trel.
Peperomia subandina Trel.

$
Peperomia subcalvescens Trel.
Peperomia subcalvescens Trel.

Peperomia subdichotoma Trel.
Peperomia subdichotoma Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Peperomia subflaccida Yunck.
Peperomia subflaccida Yunck.

Voucher: Melin 175* (US)
Peperomia subsericata Trel.
Peperomia subsericata Trel.

Voucher: Schunke 479* (F), Killip & Smith 25513 (NY!)
Departments: Junín, Pasco, San Martín.
Peperomia subvillicaulis Trel.
Peperomia subvillicaulis Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia suratana Trel. & Yunck.
Peperomia suratana Trel. & Yunck.

Peperomia sylvatica C. DC.
Peperomia sylvatica C. DC.

Peperomia talinifolia Kunth
Peperomia talinifolia Kunth

Voucher: Peyton & Peyton 1255 (NY!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Peperomia tarapotana C. DC.
Peperomia tarapotana C. DC.

Voucher: Spruce 4570* (NY!), Gentry et al. 37863 (NY!)
Peperomia tenella (Sw.) A. Dietr.
Peperomia tenella (Sw.) A. Dietr.
Synonyms: Peperomia tenella Sw.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Peperomia tenuiramea C. DC.
Peperomia tenuiramea C. DC.

Peperomia teresitensis Trel.

Peperomia teresitensis Trel.

Peperomia tetragona Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia tetragona Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia tetragona (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, San Martín, Ucayali.
Peperomia tetraphylla (G. Forst.) Hook. & Arn.
Peperomia tetraphylla (G. Forst.) Hook. & Arn.
Synonyms: Peperomia tetraphylla (L. f.) A. Dietr., Peperomia tetraphylla G. Forst.,

Peperomia tetraphylla L. f.
Voucher: Maas et al. 6117 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Puno.
Peperomia tetrica Trel.
Peperomia tetrica Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Peperomia timbuchiana Trel.
Peperomia timbuchiana Trel.

Peperomia tovariana C. DC.
Peperomia tovariana C. DC.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Peperomia trichopus Trel.
Peperomia trichopus Trel.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 3855* (F), Luteyn & Cotton 11322 (NY!, USM!)
Peperomia tricolor Trel.
Peperomia tricolor Trel.

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean I: forests, riversides, rocky slopes. 500-
1000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25973* (NY!), Schunke 13631 (NY!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, Puno, San Martín.
Peperomia trifolia (L.) A. Dietr.
Peperomia trifolia (L.) A. Dietr.
Synonyms: Peperomia trifolia L.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: forests. .
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25973* (F), Schunke 4818 (NY!)
Peperomia trinervis Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia trinervis Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia trinervis (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

T. G., 1974: 205.
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m.
Peperomia trinervula C. DC.
Peperomia trinervula C. DC. = Peperomia rotundata var. trinervula (C. DC.) Steyerm.
Peperomia tristachya Opiz in Presl
Peperomia tristachya Opiz in Presl = Peperomia heterostachya A. Dietr.
$
Peperomia trollii Hutchison & Rauh
Peperomia trollii Hutchison & Rauh
Peperomia trullaefolia Trel.
Peperomia trullaefolia Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 401* (US), Hutchison 620 (USM!)
Peperomia tutunendoana Trel. & Yunck.
Peperomia tutunendoana Trel. & Yunck.

Peperomia umbellata (L.) Kunth
Peperomia umbellata (L.) Kunth = Piper umbellatum L.
Peperomia umbellata Miq.
Peperomia umbellata Miq. = Peperomia chachapoyasensis C. DC.

Note: nom. illeg.
$
Peperomia umbellifera Yunck.
Peperomia umbellifera Yunck.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: rocky slopes, riversides. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Gentry et al. 37865 (NY!, USM!)
Peperomia umbelliformis C. DC.
Peperomia umbelliformis C. DC.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1631* (B), Weberbauer 1684
Departments: Lima.
Peperomia umbilicata Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia umbilicata Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Peperomia umbilicata (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Weberbauer s.n. (USM!)
Departments: Lima.
Peperomia uncatispica Trel.
Peperomia uncatispica Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia undeninervia C. DC.
Peperomia undeninervia C. DC.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: shrublands. 500-1000 m.
Peperomia urocarpa Fisch. & C.A. Mey.
Peperomia urocarpa Fisch. & C.A. Mey.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Croat 58200 (NY!, USM!)
Peperomia vana Trel.
Peperomia vana Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24614* (US), Killip & Smith 24838
Peperomia variculata Trel.

Peperomia variculata Trel.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Peperomia variegata Ruiz & Pav.
Peperomia variegata Ruiz & Pav. = Peperomia maculosa (L.) W. Hook.
Reference: FP 1216: 103; Callejas, pers. comm..
Peperomia variifolia C. DC.
Peperomia variifolia C. DC.

Peperomia venticosicarpa Trel.
Peperomia venticosicarpa Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia verediana Trel.
Peperomia verediana Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Peperomia verruculosa Dahlst. ex Hill
Peperomia verruculosa Dahlst. ex Hill

Voucher: Hill 182* , Davis et al. 1385 (USM!)
Peperomia victoriana C. DC.
Peperomia victoriana C. DC. = Peperomia angustata Kunth
Peperomia vidaliana Trel.
Peperomia vidaliana Trel.

Note: Known from the type locality in Ecuador or Peru.
Voucher: Vidal-Sénège s.n.* (P)
Peperomia villicaulis C. DC.
Peperomia villicaulis C. DC.

Peperomia villipetiola C. DC.
Peperomia villipetiola C. DC.

Ecology: herb. .
Note: Known from the type locality in Ecuador or Peru.
Voucher: Vidal-Sénège s.n.*
Peperomia viracochana Trel.
Peperomia viracochana Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia vulcanicola C. DC.
Peperomia vulcanicola C. DC.
Synonyms: Peperomia vulcanicola Trel.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: riversides. 500-2500 m.
Voucher: Foster & Smith 7574 (NY!, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Pasco.
Peperomia weberbaueri C. DC.
Peperomia weberbaueri C. DC.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Peperomia woytkowskii Yunck.
Peperomia woytkowskii Yunck.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia yananoensis Trel.
Peperomia yananoensis Trel.
Peperomia yananoensis var.caniana Trel.
Peperomia yananoensis var. caniana Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Peperomia yananoensis var.yananoensis
Peperomia yananoensis var. yananoensis

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Peperomia yapasana Trel.
Peperomia yapasana Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Pera benensis Rusby
Pera benensis Rusby
Synonyms: Pera benensis Mansf.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500
m.
Voucher: Tessmann 4306* , Schunke 6309 (MO!)
Pera bicolor (Klotzsch) Müll. Arg.
Pera bicolor (Klotzsch) Müll. Arg.
Synonyms: Pera bicolor Klotzsch
Pera citriodora Baill.
Pera citriodora Baill.

$
Pera distichophylla (Mart.) Baill.
Pera distichophylla (Mart.) Baill.
Synonyms: Pera distichophylla Mart.

Pera mildbraediana Mansf.
Pera mildbraediana Mansf. = Pera benensis Rusby
Pera nitida (Benth.) Jablonski
Pera nitida (Benth.) Jablonski
Synonyms: Pera nitida Benth.
Pera schomburgkiana Müll. Arg.
Pera schomburgkiana Müll. Arg.
Perama wurdackii Steyerm.
Perama wurdackii Steyerm.

Perdicium divaricatum Kunth
Perdicium divaricatum Kunth = Trixis divaricata (Kunth) Spreng.
Perdicium oblongum Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don
Perdicium oblongum Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don = Chaptalia oblonga D. Don
Perdicium ovale Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don
Perdicium ovale Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don = Chaptalia oblonga D. Don
Perebea acanthogyne Ducke
Perebea acanthogyne Ducke = Perebea guianensis subsp. acanthogyne (Ducke) C.C. Berg
Perebea angustifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) C.C. Berg

Perebea angustifolia (Poepp. & Endl.) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Perebea angustifolia Poepp. & Endl.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Begazo 95 (MO!)
Perebea australis (Hemsl.) J.F. Macbr.
Perebea australis (Hemsl.) J.F. Macbr. = Perebea guianensis Aubl. subsp. guianensis
Perebea calophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) Bentham ex Pittier
Perebea calophylla (Poepp. & Endl.) Bentham ex Pittier = Maquira calophylla (Poepp.
& Endl.) C.C. Berg
Perebea chimiqua J.F. Macbr.
Perebea chimiqua J.F. Macbr. = Perebea xanthochyma H. Karst.
Perebea concinna Standl.
Perebea concinna Standl. = Naucleopsis concinna (Standl.) C.C. Berg
$
Perebea costaricana Standl.
Perebea costaricana Standl. = Maquira costaricana (Standl.) C.C. Berg
Perebea elegans J.F. Macbr.
Perebea elegans J.F. Macbr. = Helicostylis elegans (J.F. Macbr.) C.C. Berg
Perebea glabrifolia (Ducke) C.C. Berg
Perebea glabrifolia (Ducke) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Perebea glabrifolia Ducke

Reference: Berg, C. C., 1972: 60; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de
Ortega, 1989: 59.
Voucher: Herb. Jenaro Herrera 5/205 (G)
Perebea guianensis Aubl.
Perebea guianensis Aubl.
Perebea guianensis Aubl. subsp.guianensis
Perebea guianensis Aubl. subsp. guianensis
Synonyms: Perebea guianensis guianensis (Hemsl.) J.F. Macbr., Perebea guianensis

guianensis Hemsl.
Ortega, 1989: 59.
Voucher: Maas et al. 6076 (MO!)
Martín.
Perebea guianensis subsp.acanthogyne (Ducke) C.C. Berg
Perebea guianensis subsp. acanthogyne (Ducke) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Perebea guianensis acanthogyne Ducke

Voucher: Ducke RB 19494* (RB), Kayap 383 (MO!)
Perebea guianensis subsp.hirsuta C.C. Berg
Perebea guianensis subsp. hirsuta C.C. Berg

Perebea guianensis subsp.pseudopeltata (Mildbr.) C.C. Berg
Perebea guianensis subsp. pseudopeltata (Mildbr.) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Perebea guianensis pseudopeltata Mildbr.

Voucher: Berlin 448 (MO!, USM!)
Perebea humilis C.C. Berg

Perebea humilis C.C. Berg
Ortega, 1989: 62.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: riversides, terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Asplund 14718* (S), Foster 8600 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín,
Ucayali.
Perebea longepedunculata C.C. Berg
Perebea longepedunculata C.C. Berg

Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500
m.
Voucher: Klug 2563 (NY), Vásquez & Jaramillo 10097 (MO!)
Perebea mennegae C.C. Berg
Perebea mennegae C.C. Berg

Perebea mollis (Poepp. & Endl.) Huber
Perebea mollis (Poepp. & Endl.) Huber
Perebea mollis (Poepp. & Endl.) Huber subsp.mollis
Perebea mollis (Poepp. & Endl.) Huber subsp. mollis

Synonyms: Perebea mollis mollis (Poepp. & Endl.) Ducke, Perebea mollis mollis
Poepp. & Endl.
Perebea mollis subsp.rubra (Trécul) C.C. Berg
Perebea mollis subsp. rubra (Trécul) C.C. Berg
Synonyms: Perebea mollis rubra Trécul

Perebea pseudopeltata Mildbr.
Perebea pseudopeltata Mildbr. = Perebea guianensis subsp. pseudopeltata (Mildbr.)

C.C. Berg
Perebea standleyi J.F. Macbr.
Perebea standleyi J.F. Macbr. = Duguetia latifolia R.E. Fr.
Perebea tessmannii Mildbr.
Perebea tessmannii Mildbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 324; Berg, C. C., 1972: 48.

Voucher: Tessmann 4601* (B), Woytkowski 5534 (MO!)
Perebea xanthochyma H. Karst.
Perebea xanthochyma H. Karst.
Synonyms: Perebea xanthochyma J.F. Macbr.

1500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Ucayali.
Pereilema beyrichianum (Kunth) Hitchc.
Pereilema beyrichianum (Kunth) Hitchc.
Synonyms: Pereilema beyrichianum Kunth

Reference: 0010982, : 335; Tovar, O., 1986: 56.
Voucher: Gutte & López 252 (LZ)
Pereskia horrida DC.
Pereskia horrida DC.
Synonyms: Pereskia horrida (Backeb.) Leuenberger, Pereskia horrida (Kunth) F.M.

Knuth, Pereskia horrida Backeb., Pereskia horrida Britton & Rose, Pereskia horrida
H. Johnson, Pereskia horrida Kunth, Pereskia horrida Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1923: 25; Rauh, W., 1958: 189; Leuenberger,
B. E., 1986: 67.
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean I-II: dry valleys, rocky slopes, shrublands.
500-2500 m.
Note: This is the oldest name available for Peruvian Pereskia, not P. humboldtii as
listed by Leuenberger (1986) and Hunt (1992: 116). Treated by Leuenberger (1986)
with two varieties: humboldtii and rauhii.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3594* (P-H&B), Hutchison 1452 (GH)
$
Pereskia humboldtii Britton & Rose
Pereskia humboldtii Britton & Rose = Pereskia horrida DC.
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 21; Rauh, W., 1958: 189; Leuenberger,
B. E., 1986: 67.
Note: nom. supf.
Pereskia humboldtii var. rauhii (Backeb.) Leuenberger
Pereskia humboldtii var. rauhii (Backeb.) Leuenberger = Pereskia horrida DC.
Reference: Leuenberger, B. E., 1986: 69.
Pereskia subulata Muehlenpf.
Pereskia subulata Muehlenpf. = Opuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.) Engelm.
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1919: 75; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 60.
Pereskia vargasii H. Johnson
Pereskia vargasii H. Johnson = Pereskia horrida DC.
Reference: Rauh, W., 1958: 190; Johnson, H., 1982: 115; Leuenberger, B. E., 1986:
67.
Pereskia vargasii var. longispina Rauh & Backeb.
Pereskia vargasii var. longispina Rauh & Backeb. = Pereskia horrida DC.
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 6; Rauh, W., 1958: 190; Leuenberger, B. E., 1986:
69.
$
Pereskia vargasii var. rauhii Backeb.
Pereskia vargasii var. rauhii Backeb. = Pereskia horrida DC.
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 6; Leuenberger, B. E., 1986: 69.
Perezia ciliaris Don
Perezia ciliaris Don = Perezia pungens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Less.
Perezia ciliosa (Phil.) Reiche
Perezia ciliosa (Phil.) Reiche
Synonyms: Perezia ciliosa Philippi

Reference: Simpson-Vuilleumier, B., 1969 [1970]: 104.
Ecology. 3500-4500 m.
Voucher: Stafford 578 (K)
Perezia cirsiifolia Wedd.
Perezia cirsiifolia Wedd. = Perezia coerulescens Wedd.
Perezia coerulescens var. amplibracteata Tovar
Perezia coerulescens var. amplibracteata Tovar = Perezia coerulescens Wedd.
Perezia coerulescens Wedd.
Perezia coerulescens Wedd.

Synonyms: Perezia coerulescens Tovar, Perezia coerulescens Wedd., Perezia
coerulescens Wedd.
Ecology: Native herb. .. 3500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Tovar 1156 (USM)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín,
Lima, Puno.
Perezia conaicaensis Tovar
Perezia conaicaensis Tovar = Perezia pungens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Less.
Perezia coriacea Tovar
Perezia coriacea Tovar = Perezia pungens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Less.
Perezia fosbergii Tovar
Perezia fosbergii Tovar = Perezia pungens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Less.
Perezia multiflora (Humb. & Bonpl.) Less.
Perezia multiflora (Humb. & Bonpl.) Less.
Synonyms: Perezia multiflora Humb. & Bonpl.

Ecology. 3500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Dillon & Turner 1481 (USM)
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco,
Junín, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno, Tacna.
Perezia nivalis Wedd.

Perezia nivalis Wedd. = Perezia coerulescens Wedd.
Perezia pinnatifida (Humb. & Bonpl.) Wedd.
Perezia pinnatifida (Humb. & Bonpl.) Wedd.
Synonyms: Perezia pinnatifida Humb. & Bonpl.

Ecology. 3000- > 4500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima,
Pasco, Puno.
Perezia pungens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Less.
Perezia pungens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Less.
Synonyms: Perezia pungens Don, Perezia pungens Hieron., Perezia pungens Hieron.,
Perezia pungens Humb. & Bonpl., Perezia pungens Schultz-Bip., nom. nud., Perezia
pungens Tovar, Perezia pungens Tovar, Perezia pungens Tovar
Ecology. 3500-4500 m.
Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Puno.
Perezia pygmaea Wedd.
Perezia pygmaea Wedd.

Ecology. 4000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Hutchison & Tovar 4259 (USM)
Departments: Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima.
Perezia stuebelii Hieron.

Perezia stuebelii Hieron. = Perezia pungens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Less.
Perezia sublyrata Domke
Perezia sublyrata Domke
Synonyms: Perezia sublyrata Tovar

Reference: Domke, W., 1936: 248.
Ecology. 3000-4500 m.
Voucher: Stafford 345* (K), Kalenborn 115 (US)
Perezia sublyrata var. glabrescens Tovar
Perezia sublyrata var. glabrescens Tovar = Perezia sublyrata Domke
Perezia virens (D. Don) Hook. & Arn.
Perezia virens (D. Don) Hook. & Arn. = ?
Perezia weberbaueri Hieron.
Perezia weberbaueri Hieron. = Perezia pungens (Humb. & Bonpl.) Less.
Perianthopodus amazonicus (Poeppig & Endlicher) Cogn.
Perianthopodus amazonicus (Poeppig & Endlicher) Cogn. = Cayaponia amazonica (Poepp.

& Endl.) Cogn.
Reference: FP 1379: 375; Jeffrey, C., 1971: 213.

$
Periarrabidaea truncata A. Samp.
Periarrabidaea truncata A. Samp.
Periclesia flexuosa A.C. Sm.
Periclesia flexuosa A.C. Sm.
Synonyms: Periclesia flexuosa (A.C. Smith) J.F. Macbr.

Note: Not known from Peru. Endemic to Ecuador
Perictenia anomala (Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.) Pichon
Perictenia anomala (Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.) Pichon = Odontadenia anomala (Van
Heurck & Müll. Arg.) J.F. Macbr.
Perictenia stipellaris Miers
Perictenia stipellaris Miers = Odontadenia anomala (Van Heurck & Müll. Arg.)
J.F. Macbr.
Peridium bicolor Klotzsch
Peridium bicolor Klotzsch = Pera bicolor (Klotzsch) Müll. Arg.
Peridium bicolor var. nitidum Benth.

Peridium bicolor var. nitidum Benth. = Pera nitida (Benth.) Jablonski
Periloba insularis I.M. Johnst.
Periloba insularis I.M. Johnst. = Nolana insularis (I.M. Johnst.) I.M. Johnst.
Perilomia benthamiana Mansf.
Perilomia benthamiana Mansf. = Scutellaria benthamiana (Mansf.) Epling
Perilomia briquetiana Mansf.
Perilomia briquetiana Mansf. = Scutellaria volubilis Kunth
Perilomia gardoquioides Benth. & Hook. f.
Perilomia gardoquioides Benth. & Hook. f. = Scutellaria gardoquioides (Bentham &

Hooker f.) Benth.
Perilomia ocymoides Kunth
Perilomia ocymoides Kunth = Scutellaria ocymoides (Kunth) Epling

$
Perilomia palambraensis Mansf.
Perilomia palambraensis Mansf. = Scutellaria volubilis Kunth
Perilomia scutellarioides Kunth
Perilomia scutellarioides Kunth = Scutellaria scutellarioides (Kunth) Harley
Reference: FP 1287: 821; Harley R. M., 1983: 138.
Perilomia tomentosa Benth.
Perilomia tomentosa Benth. = Scutellaria tomentosa (Benth.) Epling
Perilomia weberbaueri Mansf.
Perilomia weberbaueri Mansf. = Scutellaria ocymoides (Kunth) Epling
Periphragmos dependens Ruiz & Pav.
Periphragmos dependens Ruiz & Pav. = Cantua buxifolia Jussieu ex Lamarck
Periphragmos flexuosus Ruiz & Pav.

Periphragmos flexuosus Ruiz & Pav. = Cantua flexuosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Periphragmos uniflorus Ruiz & Pav.
Periphragmos uniflorus Ruiz & Pav. = Cantua buxifolia Jussieu ex Lamarck
Peristeria fuscata hort. ex Rchb. f.
Peristeria fuscata hort. ex Rchb. f. = Lycomormium squalidum (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb.
f.
Reference: FP 1473: 602; Sweet, H. R., 1974: 196; Dodson, 1992.
Peristeria guttata Knowles & Westcott
Peristeria guttata Knowles & Westcott

Peristeria lindenii Rolfe
Peristeria lindenii Rolfe
Reference: Romero, pers. comm..

Voucher: Bennett 3137 (AMES!)
$
Peristeria maculata hort. ex Lindl.
Peristeria maculata hort. ex Lindl. = Peristeria pendula Hook.
Peristeria pendula Hook.
Peristeria pendula Hook.
Synonyms: Peristeria pendula hort. ex Lindl.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 1000-2500 m.

Departments: Pasco, San Martín.
Peristethium leptostachyum (Kunth) Tiegh.
Peristethium leptostachyum (Kunth) Tiegh. = Struthanthus leptostachyus (Kunth) G.

Don
Peritassa bullata A.C. Sm.
Peritassa bullata A.C. Sm.

Peritassa dulcis (Benth.) Miers

Peritassa dulcis (Benth.) Miers
Synonyms: Peritassa dulcis Benoist, Peritassa dulcis Benth.

Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides,
Voucher: Revilla et al. 2478 (MO!)
Peritassa huanucana (Loes.) A.C. Sm.
Peritassa huanucana (Loes.) A.C. Sm.
Synonyms: Peritassa huanucana Loes.

Reference: Flora Peru: 689: 206; Roosmalen, M. G. M. van, 1985: 80.
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, riversides,
Voucher: Weberbauer 4575* (B photo F!), Foster 8781 (MO!)
Peritassa killipii A.C. Sm.
Peritassa killipii A.C. Sm.

Peritassa laevigata (Hoffmanns. & Link) A.C. Sm.
Peritassa laevigata (Hoffmanns. & Link) A.C. Sm.
Synonyms: Peritassa laevigata (Hoffmsg.) DC., Peritassa laevigata Hoffmanns. &

Link, Peritassa laevigata Loes.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, seasonally inundated areas.
0-2000 m.
Peritassa peruviana (Miers) A.C. Sm.
Peritassa peruviana (Miers) A.C. Sm.
Synonyms: Peritassa peruviana Miers

Perityle discoidea (Phil.) Johnston
Perityle discoidea (Phil.) Johnston

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I: lomas. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 1255O (USM)
Departments: Tacna.
Perityle emoryi Torr.
Perityle emoryi Torr.
Pernettya elliptica DC.
Pernettya elliptica DC. = Pernettya prostrata (Cav.) Sleumer
$
Pernettya pentlandii DC.
Pernettya pentlandii DC. = Pernettya prostrata (Cav.) Sleumer
Pernettya prostrata (Cav.) Sleumer
Pernettya prostrata (Cav.) Sleumer
Synonyms: Pernettya prostrata Cav., Pernettya prostrata DC., Pernettya prostrata

DC., Pernettya prostrata G. Don, Pernettya prostrata Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1325: 134; Luteyn, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, forests, grasslands, rocky
slopes. 2000- > 4500 m.
Huánuco, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San
Martín.
Pernettya purpurea G. Don
Pernettya purpurea G. Don = Pernettya prostrata (Cav.) Sleumer
Perrottetia barbata (L.) DC.
Perrottetia barbata (L.) DC. = Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth. in Miq.
Reference: Schubert, B. G., 1980: 634.
Perrottetia gentryi Lundell
Perrottetia gentryi Lundell

Reference: Lundell, C. L., 1985: 453; Lundell, C. L., 1985: 234.
Voucher: Gentry 36156* (MO!), Gentry 39904 (MO!)
Perrottetia sessiliflora Lundell
Perrottetia sessiliflora Lundell

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean II: forests, cloud forests. 0-2500 m.
Note: Lundell (1985a) lists this species as only from Panamá and Costa Rica.
The Peruvian material should be rechecked (Prigge, pers. comm.).
Persea acuminata Nees & C. Mart.
Persea acuminata Nees & C. Mart. = Nectandra acuminata (Nees & C. Mart.) J.F.
Macbr.
Persea americana Mill.
Persea americana Mill.
Persea americana var.americana
Persea americana var. americana
Synonyms: Persea americana americana Gaertn.

Reference: Flora Peru: 610: 875; Kopp, L. E., 1966: 15.
Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2446 (MO)
$
Persea boldufolia Mez
Persea boldufolia Mez

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Persea boliviensis Mez & Rusby ex Rusby
Persea boliviensis Mez & Rusby ex Rusby = Persea peruviana var. boliviensis (Mez &
Rusby ex Rusby) Kopp
Reference: FP 610: 875; Kopp, L. E., 1966: 84.

Note: NN
Persea brevipes Meisn.
Persea brevipes Meisn.
Persea caerulea (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Persea caerulea (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Synonyms: Persea caerulea Kunth, Persea caerulea Ruiz & Pav.

Voucher: Stork & Horton 10144 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco,
Piura, San Martín.
$
Persea cinnamomifolia Kunth
Persea cinnamomifolia Kunth = Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium (Kunth) Kostermans
Reference: FP 610: 881; Kostermans, A. J. G. H., 1961: 20.
Persea cordata (Vell.) Mez
Persea cordata (Vell.) Mez = Persea pyrifolia Nees

Note: NN
Persea corymbosa Mez
Persea corymbosa Mez

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Jelski 177* (B), Weberbauer 6311 (F)
Persea crassifolia Mez
Persea crassifolia Mez = Persea hexanthera Kopp
Persea cuneata Meisn.
Persea cuneata Meisn.
$
Persea durifolia Mez
Persea durifolia Mez = Persea haenkeana Mez
Persea ferruginea Kunth
Persea ferruginea Kunth
Synonyms: Persea ferruginea Mez

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 1463 (NY)
Persea ferruginea (R. & P.) Mez
Persea ferruginea (R. & P.) Mez = Persea ruizii J.F. Macbr.
Persea grandis Mez
Persea grandis Mez

Persea gratissima Gaertn.
Persea gratissima Gaertn. = Persea americana var. americana

$
Persea haenkeana Mez
Persea haenkeana Mez
Synonyms: Persea haenkeana Mez, Persea haenkeana Mez

Ecology. 1000-2500 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (M), Metcalf 30624 (MO)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Puno.
Persea hexanthera Kopp
Persea hexanthera Kopp
Synonyms: Persea hexanthera Mez

Reference: Kopp, L. E., 1966: 86.
Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Persea hirta Nees
Persea hirta Nees
Synonyms: Persea hirta Meisn.

Ecology: Endemic .
Persea humboldtii Mez
Persea humboldtii Mez = Persea ferruginea Kunth

$
Persea inaequalis A.C. Sm.
Persea inaequalis A.C. Sm. = Caryodaphnopsis inaequalis (A.C. Sm.) van der Werff &
Richter
Reference: Werff, H. van der & H. G. Richter, 1985: 169.
Persea laevigata Kunth
Persea laevigata Kunth = Persea caerulea (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Persea macropoda Kunth
Persea macropoda Kunth = Ocotea macropoda (Kunth) Mez

Note: NN
Persea mutisii Kunth
Persea mutisii Kunth

Persea pajonalis van der Werff
Persea pajonalis van der Werff

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Foster et al. 7647* (MO), van der Werff et al. 8578 (MO)
Departments: Pasco.
Persea peruviana Nees
Persea peruviana Nees
Persea peruviana var.boliviensis (Mez & Rusby ex Rusby) Kopp
Persea peruviana var. boliviensis (Mez & Rusby ex Rusby) Kopp
Synonyms: Persea peruviana boliviensis Mez & Rusby ex Rusby

Reference: Kopp, L. E., 1966: 84.
Persea peruviana var.peruviana
Persea peruviana var. peruviana

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1300* (F), Killip & Smith 24831 (F)
Persea punctata var. matthewsii Meisn.
Persea punctata var. matthewsii Meisn. = Cinnamomum mathewsii (Meisn.) Kostermans
Persea pyrifolia Nees

Persea pyrifolia Nees
Synonyms: Persea pyrifolia (Vell.) Mez, Persea pyrifolia Vell.

Persea raimondii O. Schmidt
Persea raimondii O. Schmidt

Persea rugosa Meisn.
Persea rugosa Meisn. = Persea hirta Nees
Persea ruizii J.F. Macbr.
Persea ruizii J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Persea ruizii (R. & P.) Mez, Persea ruizii Ruiz & Pav.
Persea scoparia Mez
Persea scoparia Mez = Persea haenkeana Mez

Persea stricta Mez
Persea stricta Mez

Persea subcordata (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees
Persea subcordata (Ruiz & Pav.) Nees
Synonyms: Persea subcordata Ruiz & Pav.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B fragm. F), Macbride 3457 (F)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Pasco, Piura.
Persea subsessilis Meisn.
Persea subsessilis Meisn. = Cinnamomum subsessile (Meisn.) Kostermans
Reference: Kostermans, A. J. G. H., 1961: 23.
Persea sulcata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meisn.
Persea sulcata (Ruiz & Pav.) Meisn. = Beilschmiedia sulcata (Ruiz & Pav.) Kosterm.
$
Persea trollii O. Schmidt
Persea trollii O. Schmidt
Persea weberbaueri Mez
Persea weberbaueri Mez

Voucher: Weberbauer 1161* (B), Pearce s.n. (MO!)
Departments: Puno.
Persicaria peruviana (Meissner) Soják
Persicaria peruviana (Meissner) Soják = Polygonum peruvianum Meisn.
Reference: Soják, J., 1974: 154.
Peruvocereus albicephalus Akers
Peruvocereus albicephalus Akers = XHaagespostoa climaxantha (Werdermann) G.D.

Rowley
Reference: Akers, J., 1947: 162; Rowley, G. D., 1982: 76.
Peruvocereus albicephalus var. armatus Akers
Peruvocereus albicephalus var. armatus Akers = XHaagespostoa climaxantha

Reference: Akers, J., 1947: 163.
$
Peruvocereus albisetatus Akers
Peruvocereus albisetatus Akers = XHaagespostoa albisetata (Akers) G.D. Rowley
Reference: Akers, J., 1948: 184; Rowley, G. D., 1982: 76.
Peruvocereus albisetatus var. robustus Akers
Peruvocereus albisetatus var. robustus Akers = XHaagespostoa albisetata (Akers)

G.D. Rowley
Peruvocereus albispinus Akers
Peruvocereus albispinus Akers = Haageocereus albispinus (Akers) Rauh & Backeb.
Reference: Akers, J., 1948: 154; Rauh, W., 1958: 414; Ritter, F., 1981: 1388.
Peruvocereus chrysacanthus Akers
Peruvocereus chrysacanthus Akers = Haageocereus multangularis (Haw.) F. Ritter
Note: Treated under var. pseudomelanostele by Ritter (1981).
Peruvocereus clavatus Akers
Peruvocereus clavatus Akers = Haageocereus multangularis (Haw.) F. Ritter
Peruvocereus multangularis (Willdenow) Akers

Peruvocereus multangularis (Willdenow) Akers = Haageocereus multangularis (Haw.) F.
Ritter
Peruvocereus rubrispinus Akers
Peruvocereus rubrispinus Akers = Haageocereus rubrospinus (Akers) Cullman
Peruvocereus salmonoideus Akers
Peruvocereus salmonoideus Akers = Haageocereus salmonoideus (Akers) Backeb.
Peruvocereus setosus Akers
Peruvocereus setosus Akers = Haageocereus multangularis (Haw.) F. Ritter
Peruvocereus setosus var. longicoma Akers
Peruvocereus setosus var. longicoma Akers = Haageocereus multangularis (Haw.) F.

Ritter
Reference: Akers, J., 1947: 91; Rauh, W., 1958: 414.
Peruvocereus viridiflorus Akers

Peruvocereus viridiflorus Akers = Haageocereus multangularis (Haw.) F. Ritter
Note: Treated under H. multangularis var. multangularis by Ritter (1981).
Perymenium bishopii H. Rob.
Perymenium bishopii H. Rob.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: King & Bishop 9122* (US!, MO!), Hutchison & Wright 4338 (US!)
Perymenium ecuadoricum S.F. Blake
Perymenium ecuadoricum S.F. Blake

Voucher: Dillon & Skillman 4176 (F!)
Perymenium featherstonei S.F. Blake
Perymenium featherstonei S.F. Blake

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1329* (F!), Sagasegui et al. 9624 (MO!)
Perymenium matthewsii S.F. Blake

Perymenium matthewsii S.F. Blake

Voucher: Matthews 765* (NY!)
Departments: Lima.
Perymenium serratum S.F. Blake
Perymenium serratum S.F. Blake

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Mathews s.n. (K)
Peschiera arcuata (Ruiz & Pav.) Markgr.
Peschiera arcuata (Ruiz & Pav.) Markgr. = Tabernaemontana cymosa Jacq.
Peschiera benthamiana (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Peschiera benthamiana (Müll. Arg.) Markgr. = Tabernaemontana linkii A. DC.

Note: NN
Peschiera blanda Miers
Peschiera blanda Miers = Tabernaemontana vanheurckii Müll. Arg.
$
Peschiera concinna Miers
Peschiera concinna Miers = Tabernaemontana cymosa Jacq.
Peschiera cymosa (Jacq.) Dugand
Peschiera cymosa (Jacq.) Dugand = Tabernaemontana cymosa Jacq.
Reference: Leeuwenberg, pers. comm..
Peschiera heterophylla (Vahl) Miers
Peschiera heterophylla (Vahl) Miers = Tabernaemontana heterophylla Vahl
Peschiera lingulata Miers
Peschiera lingulata Miers = Tabernaemontana vanheurckii Müll. Arg.
Peschiera linkii (A. DC.) Miers
Peschiera linkii (A. DC.) Miers = Tabernaemontana linkii A. DC.
Reference: Leeuwenberg, pers. comm..

Note: NN
Peschiera puberiflora Miers

Peschiera puberiflora Miers = Tabernaemontana cymosa Jacq.
Peschiera stenoloba (Müll. Arg.) Miers
Peschiera stenoloba (Müll. Arg.) Miers = Tabernaemontana stenoloba Müll.

Arg.
Peschiera tenuiflora Poepp.
Peschiera tenuiflora Poepp. = Tabernaemontana heterophylla Vahl
Petalocentrum angustifolium Schltr.
Petalocentrum angustifolium Schltr. = Sigmatostalix graminea (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb.

f.
Petalocentrum bicornutum (Rolfe) Schltr.
Petalocentrum bicornutum (Rolfe) Schltr. = Sigmatostalix graminea (Poepp. & Endl.)

Rchb. f.
Petalocentrum pusillum (Schltr.) Schltr.

Petalocentrum pusillum (Schltr.) Schltr. = Sigmatostalix graminea (Poepp. & Endl.)
Rchb. f.
Petaloma cauliflora Mart. ex DC.
Petaloma cauliflora Mart. ex DC. = Mouriri cauliflora Mart. ex DC.
Petastoma patelliferum (Schltdl.) Miers
Petastoma patelliferum (Schltdl.) Miers = Arrabidaea patellifera (Schltdl.)

Sandwith
Petastoma pentstemonoides (Kranzlin) Sandwith
Petastoma pentstemonoides (Kranzlin) Sandwith = Arrabidaea nicotianiflora Kraenzl.
Petastoma poeppigii (A. DC.) Sandwith
Petastoma poeppigii (A. DC.) Sandwith = Arrabidaea poeppigii (A. DC.) Sandwith
Petastoma reticulatum Poepp. ex Bureau & K. Schum.
Petastoma reticulatum Poepp. ex Bureau & K. Schum. = Arrabidaea poeppigii (A. DC.)
Sandwith
Petastoma whitei (Rusby) Sandwith
Petastoma whitei (Rusby) Sandwith = Arrabidaea whitei (Rusby) Sandwith
Reference: FP 1362: 29; Sandwith, N. Y., 1968: 414.

Note: NN
Petiveria alliacea L.
Petiveria alliacea L.

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas,
forests. 0-1500 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios,
Piura, San Martín, Tumbes, Ucayali.
Petrea arborea fo. albiflora Standl.
Petrea arborea fo. albiflora Standl. = Petrea volubilis L.
Reference: FP 1286: 667; Nash, D. L. & M. Nee, 1984: 101.
Petrea atrocoerulea Moldenke
Petrea atrocoerulea Moldenke
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 663; Moldenke, H. N., 1979: 308; Moldenke, H. N.,
1980: 134.
Note: Not known from Peru. (Rueda, pers. comm.), although cited by Moldenke
(1980f) from Amazonas and Loreto.
$
Petrea bracteata Steud.
Petrea bracteata Steud.
Synonyms: Petrea bracteata, Petrea bracteata Moldenke

Reference: Jansen-Jacobs, M. J., 1988: 56.
Ecology: Native liana. Amazonian: forests on white sand, terra firme forests. 0-500
m.
Petrea kohautiana C. Presl
Petrea kohautiana C. Presl
Synonyms: Petrea kohautiana Moldenke

Reference: Jansen-Jacobs, M. J., 1988: 58; Howard, R. A., 1989: 236.
Petrea macrostachya Benth.
Petrea macrostachya Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 664; Jansen-Jacobs, M. J., 1988: 60.

Voucher: Asplund 14058 (S)
Petrea martiana Schauer
Petrea martiana Schauer
$
Petrea martiana var. glabrescens Moldenke
Petrea martiana var. glabrescens Moldenke = Petrea bracteata Steud.
Petrea martiana var. martiana
Petrea martiana var. martiana = Petrea bracteata Steud.
Reference: FP 1286: 664; Jansen-Jacobs, M. J., 1988: 56.
Petrea maynensis Huber
Petrea maynensis Huber

Ucayali.
Petrea nitidula Moldenke
Petrea nitidula Moldenke

Note: Jansen-Jacobs (1988: 58) considers this a synonym of P. kohautiana.
Petrea peruviana Moldenke
Petrea peruviana Moldenke

$
Petrea peruviana var.acuminata Moldenke
Petrea peruviana var. acuminata Moldenke

Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Mexia 6498* (MO!)
Petrea peruviana var.peruviana
Petrea peruviana var. peruviana

Ecology: Native liana, shrub, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 637* (NY), Vásquez 2747 (MO!)
Petrea pubescens Turcz.
Petrea pubescens Turcz.
Petrea pubescens Turcz. var.pubescens
Petrea pubescens Turcz. var. pubescens
Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 666; López-Palacios, S., 1977: 476.

Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas.
0-500 m.
$
Petrea pubescens var.klugii Moldenke
Petrea pubescens var. klugii Moldenke

Ecology: Native liana, shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 4155* (NY)
Petrea racemosa Nees
Petrea racemosa Nees

Petrea rivularis Moldenke
Petrea rivularis Moldenke = Petrea kohautiana C. Presl
Reference: Moldenke, H. N., 1979: 478; Moldenke, H. N., 1983: 235; Jansen-Jacobs,
M. J., 1988: 58.
Note: NN, although cited by Moldenke (1983) from Loreto.
Petrea volubilis L.
Petrea volubilis L.
Synonyms: Petrea volubilis (Standl.) Moldenke, Petrea volubilis Standl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1286: 667; Nash, D. L. & M. Nee, 1984: 101.
Ecology: Cultivated liana. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Mathias 5093 (MO!)
Departments: Lima, Loreto, San Martín.
$
Petrea volubilis var. albiflora (Standl.) Moldenke
Petrea volubilis var. albiflora (Standl.) Moldenke = Petrea volubilis L.
Reference: Nash, D. L. & M. Nee, 1984: 101.
Petronia regia Barb. Rodr.
Petronia regia Barb. Rodr. = Batemannia colleyi Lindl.
Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) A.W. Hill
Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) A.W. Hill

Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m.
Petroselinum dissectum Benth.
Petroselinum dissectum Benth. = ?
Petroselinum hortense Hoffm.
Petroselinum hortense Hoffm. = Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nyman

Petroselinum petroselinum (L.) H. Karst.
Petroselinum petroselinum (L.) H. Karst. = Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nyman
Petroselinum sativum Hoffm.
Petroselinum sativum Hoffm. = Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nyman
Petroselinum vulgare Lag.
Petroselinum vulgare Lag. = Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Nyman
Peucedanum anethum Baill.
Peucedanum anethum Baill. = Anethum graveolens L.
Reference: Mathias, M. E. & L. Constance, 1976: 63.
Peucedanum pastinaca Baill.
Peucedanum pastinaca Baill. = Pastinaca sativa L.
$
Pfaffia densipellita Borsch
Pfaffia densipellita Borsch
Synonyms: Pfaffia densipellita (Mart.) Moquin, Pfaffia densipellita (Mart.)

Sprengel, Pfaffia densipellita D. Dietrich, Pfaffia densipellita Mart.
Note: New name validated in Appendix 1.
Voucher: Haenke s.n. (M!)
Pfaffia glauca (Mart.) Sprengel
Pfaffia glauca (Mart.) Sprengel = Pfaffia stenophylla (Sprengel) Stuchlik
Pfaffia grandiflora (Hooker) R.E. Fr.
Pfaffia grandiflora (Hooker) R.E. Fr.
Synonyms: Pfaffia grandiflora (Hook. f.) Kuntze, Pfaffia grandiflora Hook. f.,
Pfaffia grandiflora Hooker
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 490; Eliasson, U., 1987: 60.
Voucher: Uling 4392 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Junín, Loreto, Puno, San Martín.
Pfaffia holosericea (Moquin) Standl.
Pfaffia holosericea (Moquin) Standl. = Gomphrena holosericea (C. Martius) Moquin
Reference: FP 1255: 491; Holzhammer, E., 1956: 219.
Pfaffia iresinoides (Kunth) Spreng.

Pfaffia iresinoides (Kunth) Spreng.
Synonyms: Pfaffia iresinoides Kunth

Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 55.
Note: No peruvian specimens are cited by Eliasson, 1987.
Pfaffia paniculata (Mart.) Kuntze
Pfaffia paniculata (Mart.) Kuntze
Synonyms: Pfaffia paniculata (Mart.) Moquin, Pfaffia paniculata (Mart.) Sprengel,

Pfaffia paniculata Mart., Pfaffia paniculata Suess., Pfaffia paniculata Suessenguth
Ecology: Native liana, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas,
forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Dillon et al. 7466* (F!), Schunke 9227 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno, San
Martín.
Pfaffia stenophylla (Sprengel) Stuchlik
Pfaffia stenophylla (Sprengel) Stuchlik
Synonyms: Pfaffia stenophylla (Mart.) Moquin, Pfaffia stenophylla (Mart.) Sprengel,

Pfaffia stenophylla Mart., Pfaffia stenophylla Sprengel
Reference: Flora Peru: 1255: 492; Holzhammer, E., 1956: 246, 248.
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Phaca triflora DC.
Phaca triflora DC. = Astragalus triflorus (DC.) A. Gray
$
Phacelia circinnata (Willd.) Jacquin f.
Phacelia circinnata (Willd.) Jacquin f. = Phacelia secunda J.F. Gmel.
Phacelia magellanica fo. amoena Brand
Phacelia magellanica fo. amoena Brand = Phacelia secunda J.F. Gmel.
Phacelia magellanica fo. pinnata Brand
Phacelia magellanica fo. pinnata Brand = Phacelia secunda J.F. Gmel.
Phacelia pinnata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) J.F. Macbr.
Phacelia pinnata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) J.F. Macbr. = Phacelia secunda J.F. Gmel.
Phacelia pinnatifida Griseb. ex Wedd.
Phacelia pinnatifida Griseb. ex Wedd.
Synonyms: Phacelia pinnatifida Griseb., Phacelia pinnatifida Hicken, Phacelia

pinnatifida Phil., Phacelia pinnatifida Wedd.
Ecology. 1500-4500 m.
Voucher: Dillon 1021 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Lima, Moquegua, Puno.
$
Phacelia pinnatifida var. elatior Griseb.
Phacelia pinnatifida var. elatior Griseb. = Phacelia pinnatifida Griseb. ex Wedd.
Phacelia pinnatifida var. lobulata Hicken
Phacelia pinnatifida var. lobulata Hicken = Phacelia pinnatifida Griseb. ex Wedd.
Phacelia pinnatifida var. robusta Wedd.
Phacelia pinnatifida var. robusta Wedd. = Phacelia pinnatifida Griseb. ex Wedd.
Phacelia secunda J.F. Gmel.
Phacelia secunda J.F. Gmel.
Synonyms: Phacelia secunda (Brand) Constance, Phacelia secunda (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon)
Constance, Phacelia secunda (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) J.F. Macbr., Phacelia secunda
(Willd.) Jacquin f., Phacelia secunda Brand, Phacelia secunda Brand, Phacelia
secunda Lam., Phacelia secunda Macloskie, Phacelia secunda Roemer & Schultes,
Phacelia secunda Ruiz & Pav., Phacelia secunda Vahl
Ecology. 3000-4500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima, La
Libertad, Puno.
Phacelia secunda subsp. pinnata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Constance

Phacelia secunda subsp. pinnata (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Constance = Phacelia secunda
J.F. Gmel.
Phacelia secunda subsp. plantaginea (Brand) Constance
Phacelia secunda subsp. plantaginea (Brand) Constance = Phacelia secunda J.F. Gmel.
Phacelia viscosa Phil.
Phacelia viscosa Phil. = Phacelia pinnatifida Griseb. ex Wedd.
Phacosperma peruviana Haw.
Phacosperma peruviana Haw. = Calandrinia ciliata (Ruiz & Pav.) DC.
Phaedranassa carmioli Baker
Phaedranassa carmioli Baker

Phaedranassa megistophylla Kraenzl.

Phaedranassa megistophylla Kraenzl. = Rauhia multiflora (Kunth) Ravenna
Phaedranassa multiflora Kunth
Phaedranassa multiflora Kunth = Rauhia multiflora (Kunth) Ravenna
Phaedranassa viridiflora Baker
Phaedranassa viridiflora Baker

Phaedranassa vitellina Roezl ex Wallace
Phaedranassa vitellina Roezl ex Wallace = Stenomesson aurantiacum (Kunth) Herb.
Reference: Meerow, pers. comm..
Phaedrosanthus ciliaris (L.) Kuntze
Phaedrosanthus ciliaris (L.) Kuntze = Epidendrum ciliare L.
Phaedrosanthus nocturnus (Jacq.) Kuntze
Phaedrosanthus nocturnus (Jacq.) Kuntze = Epidendrum nocturnum Jacq.

Phaelypaea erecta P. Br.
Phaelypaea erecta P. Br. = Stemodia durantifolia (L.) Sw.
Phaeosphaerion mathewsii C.B. Clarke
Phaeosphaerion mathewsii C.B. Clarke = Commelina mathewsii (C.B. Clarke) Faden & D.
R. Hunt
Reference: FP 1181: 605; Faden, R. B. & D. R. Hunt, 1987: 122.
Phaeosphaerion persicariifolium var. scabratum (Seub.) C.B. Clarke
Phaeosphaerion persicariifolium var. scabratum (Seub.) C.B. Clarke = Commelina

obliqua Vahl

Note: var. of P. persicariifolium C. B. Clarke
Phajus hookerianus Rchb. f.
Phajus hookerianus Rchb. f. = Warrea hookeriana (Reichenbach f.) Rolfe
Phalacraea latifolia DC.

Phalacraea latifolia DC.
Synonyms: Phalacraea latifolia (DC.) Gardner

Departments: Lima.
Phalangium scilloides Poir.
Phalangium scilloides Poir. = Lilaea scilloides (Poir.) Hauman
Phalaridium peruvianum Nees & Meyen
Phalaridium peruvianum Nees & Meyen = Dissanthelium peruvianum (Nees & Meyen) Pilg.
Reference: FP 719: 148; Swallen, J. R. & O. Tovar, 1965: 366.
Phalaris aquatica L.
Phalaris aquatica L.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Blair 591 (K)
Phalaris arundinacea L.
Phalaris arundinacea L.
Reference: Anderson, D. E., 1961: 37.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 3000-3500 m.
Phalaris canariensis L.
Phalaris canariensis L.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Departments: Arequipa, Lima, Puno.
Phalaris minor Retz.
Phalaris minor Retz.

Ecology: Cultivated herb. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-3000 m.
Phalaris peruviana H. Scholz & Gutte
Phalaris peruviana H. Scholz & Gutte
Reference: Scholz, H. & P. Gutte , 1978: 379.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Gutte & Muller 8717* (B)
Phalaris semiverticillata Forssk.
Phalaris semiverticillata Forssk. = Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr.

$
Phalaris setacea Forssk.
Phalaris setacea Forssk. = Pennisetum setaceum (Forssk.) Chiov.
Pharbitis nil var. diversifolia (Lindl.) Choisy
Pharbitis nil var. diversifolia (Lindl.) Choisy = Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth

Note: var. of P. nil (L.) Choisy
Pharbitis pubescens (Lam.) Choisy
Pharbitis pubescens (Lam.) Choisy = Ipomoea pubescens Lam.
Pharmacosycea anthelmintica (Mart.) Miq.
Pharmacosycea anthelmintica (Mart.) Miq. = ?
Pharmacosycea peruviana Miq.
Pharmacosycea peruviana Miq. = Ficus pertusa L. f.
Reference: FP 2169: 1126; Rossberg, G., 1937: 61.
$
Pharmacosycea radula (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Liebm.
Pharmacosycea radula (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Liebm. = Ficus maxima Mill.
Pharnaceum cerviana L.
Pharnaceum cerviana L. = Mollugo cerviana var. cerviana
Pharus glaber Kunth
Pharus glaber Kunth = Pharus lappulaceus Aubl.
Reference: FP 719: 198; Killeen, T. J., 1990: 182.
Pharus glochidiatus J. Presl
Pharus glochidiatus J. Presl = Pharus latifolius L.
Reference: FP 719: 198; Judziewicz, E. J., 1987: 351.
Pharus lappulaceus Aubl.
Pharus lappulaceus Aubl.
Synonyms: Pharus lappulaceus Kunth

Voucher: Wasshausen & Encarnación 873 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Martín, Ucayali.
$
Pharus latifolius L.
Pharus latifolius L.
Synonyms: Pharus latifolius J. Presl

Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 198; Judziewicz, E. J., 1987: 351.
Martín.
Pharus parvifolius Nash
Pharus parvifolius Nash = Pharus parvifolius subsp. elongatus Judz.
Pharus parvifolius subsp.elongatus Judz.
Pharus parvifolius subsp. elongatus Judz.
Synonyms: Pharus parvifolius elongatus Nash

Reference: Judziewicz, E. J., 1985: 874.
Pharus virescens Döll
Pharus virescens Döll

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.
$
Phaseolus adenanthus G. Mey.
Phaseolus adenanthus G. Mey. = Vigna adenantha (G. Mey.) Marechal, Mascherpa &
Stainier
Reference: FP 21: 297; Marechal, R., J.-M. Mascherpa & F. Stainier, 1978: 229.
Phaseolus adenanthus var. caeduorum (C. Martius ex Benth.) Hassl.
Phaseolus adenanthus var. caeduorum (C. Martius ex Benth.) Hassl. = Vigna adenantha
(G. Mey.) Marechal, Mascherpa & Stainier
Phaseolus appendiculatus Benth.
Phaseolus appendiculatus Benth. = Vigna appendiculata (Benth.) A. Delgado
Reference: FP 21: 298; Marechal, R., J.-M. Mascherpa & F. Stainier, 1978: 222;
Delgado, pers. comm..
Phaseolus atropurpureus Moç. & Sessé ex DC.
Phaseolus atropurpureus Moç. & Sessé ex DC. = Macroptilium

atropurpureum (Moç. & Sessé ex DC.) Urb.
Duke, J. A., 1981: 141.
Phaseolus atropurpureus var. canescens (M. Martens & Galeotti) Hassl.
Phaseolus atropurpureus var. canescens (M. Martens & Galeotti) Hassl. =

$
Phaseolus atropurpureus var. pseuderythroloma Hassl.
Phaseolus atropurpureus var. pseuderythroloma Hassl. = Macroptilium atropurpureum

(Moç. & Sessé ex DC.) Urb.

Note: Treated as a synonym of P. atropurpureus in the Flora of Peru.
Phaseolus augusti Harms
Phaseolus augusti Harms
Synonyms: Phaseolus augusti Piper

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 299; Marechal, R., J.-M. Mascherpa & F. Stainier, 1978:
140; Franquemont, C., T. Plowman, E. Franquemont, S. R. King, C. Niezgoda, W. Davis
& C. R. Sperling, 1990: 81.
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6439* (F), Núñez 7442 (MO!)
Huancavelica, La Libertad.
Phaseolus bolivianus Piper
Phaseolus bolivianus Piper = Phaseolus augusti Harms
Phaseolus bracteatus Nees & C. Mart.
Phaseolus bracteatus Nees & C. Mart. = Macroptilium bracteatum (Nees & C. Mart.)
Marechal & Baudet
Phaseolus caeduorum C. Martius ex Benth.

Phaseolus caeduorum C. Martius ex Benth. = Vigna adenantha (G. Mey.) Marechal,
Mascherpa & Stainier
Phaseolus campestris C. Mart. ex Benth.
Phaseolus campestris C. Mart. ex Benth. = Macroptilium longepedunculatum (C. Mart.

ex Benth.) Urb.
Phaseolus candidus Vell.
Phaseolus candidus Vell. = Vigna candida (Vell.) Marechal, Mascherpa & Stainier
Phaseolus canescens M. Martens & Galeotti
Phaseolus canescens M. Martens & Galeotti = Macroptilium atropurpureum (Moç.

& Sessé ex DC.) Urb.
Phaseolus caracalla L.
Phaseolus caracalla L. = Vigna caracalla (L.) Verdc.
Phaseolus coccineus L.
Phaseolus coccineus L.
Phaseolus coccineus subsp. darwinianus E. Hernández & S. Miranda
Phaseolus coccineus subsp. darwinianus E. Hernández & S. Miranda = Phaseolus

polyanthus Greenm.
Reference: Hernández X., E., S. Miranda C. & C. Prywer, 1959: 99; Delgado,
pers. comm..
Phaseolus coccineus subsp. polyanthus (Greenm.) Marechal, Mascherpa & Stainier
Phaseolus coccineus subsp. polyanthus (Greenm.) Marechal, Mascherpa & Stainier =

Phaseolus polyanthus Greenm.
Reference: Marechal, R., J.-M. Mascherpa & F. Stainier, 1978: 139; Delgado, pers.
comm..
Note: Taxon accepted as subspecies by Marechal et al. (1978).
Phaseolus erythroloma C. Martius ex Benth.
Phaseolus erythroloma C. Martius ex Benth. = Macroptilium erythroloma (C. Martius

ex Benth.) Urb.
Phaseolus fraternus Piper
Phaseolus fraternus Piper = Macroptilium gibbosifolium (Ortega) A. Delgado
Delgado S., A., 1981: 295.
Note: NN
$
Phaseolus gibbosifolius Ortega
Phaseolus gibbosifolius Ortega = Macroptilium gibbosifolium (Ortega) A. Delgado
Reference: Delgado S., A., 1981: 295.

Note: NN
Phaseolus heterophyllus Willd.
Phaseolus heterophyllus Willd. = Macroptilium gibbosifolium (Ortega) A. Delgado
Reference: Marechal, R., J.-M. Mascherpa & F. Stainier, 1978: 156; Delgado S., A.,
1981: 295.
Note: NN
Phaseolus hirsutus C. Martius ex Benth.
Phaseolus hirsutus C. Martius ex Benth. = Vigna lasiocarpa (C. Mart. ex Benth.)

Verdc.
Phaseolus juruanus Harms
Phaseolus juruanus Harms = Vigna juruana (Harms) Verdc.
Phaseolus lasiocarpus C. Mart. ex Benth.
Phaseolus lasiocarpus C. Mart. ex Benth. = Vigna lasiocarpa (C. Mart. ex Benth.)

Verdc.
$
Phaseolus lathyroides L.
Phaseolus lathyroides L. = Macroptilium lathyroides (L.) Urb.
Phaseolus latidenticulatus Harms
Phaseolus latidenticulatus Harms = Vigna latidenticulata (Harms) A. Delgado
Phaseolus linearis Kunth
Phaseolus linearis Kunth = Vigna linearis (Kunth) Marechal, Mascherpa & Stainier
Phaseolus longepedunculatus C. Mart. ex Benth.
Phaseolus longepedunculatus C. Mart. ex Benth. = Macroptilium longepedunculatum (C.

Mart. ex Benth.) Urb.
Phaseolus longifolius Benth.
Phaseolus longifolius Benth. = Vigna longifolia (Benth.) Verdc.
Phaseolus lunatus L.
Phaseolus lunatus L.
Phaseolus lunatus L. var.lunatus
Phaseolus lunatus L. var. lunatus
146.
Ecology: Native herb, vine. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Iltis 1598 (USM!, WIS)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Ica, Junín, Lima, Loreto, San Martín,
Ucayali.
Phaseolus lunatus var.silvester Baudet
Phaseolus lunatus var. silvester Baudet

Ecology: Native herb, vine. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m.
Voucher: Debouck et al. 1945 (USM!)
Phaseolus luteolus (Jacq.) Gagnep.
Phaseolus luteolus (Jacq.) Gagnep. = Vigna luteola (Jacq.) Benth.
Phaseolus megatylus Piper
Phaseolus megatylus Piper = Vigna megatyla (Piper) A. Delgado
Reference: FP 21: 303; Delgado, pers. comm..

$
Phaseolus pachyrrhizoides Harms
Phaseolus pachyrrhizoides Harms
147.
Ecology: Native shrub, vine. Andean II: rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1769* (B), Debouck et al. 2011 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Huancavelica,
Junín.
Phaseolus peduncularis Kunth
Phaseolus peduncularis Kunth = Vigna peduncularis (Kunth) Fawc. & Rendle var.
peduncularis
Phaseolus peduncularis var. pusillus Hassl.
Phaseolus peduncularis var. pusillus Hassl. = Vigna peduncularis var. pusilla

(Hassl.) Maréchal, Mascherpa & Stainier
Phaseolus pilosus Kunth
Phaseolus pilosus Kunth = Vigna lasiocarpa (C. Mart. ex Benth.) Verdc.

Synonyms: Phaseolus polyanthus (Greenm.) Marechal, Mascherpa & Stainier, Phaseolus

polyanthus E. Hernández & S. Miranda
Reference: Marechal, R., J.-M. Mascherpa & F. Stainier, 1978: 139; Delgado, pers.
comm..
Note: Treated as a subspecies of P. coccineus by Marechal et al. (1978).
Voucher: Smith & Pretel 1498 (MO!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Pasco.
Phaseolus polytylus Harms
Phaseolus polytylus Harms = Vigna polytyla (Harms) A. Delgado
Reference: FP 21: 305; Delgado, pers. comm..
Phaseolus radiatus L.
Phaseolus radiatus L. = Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek
Reference: Marechal, R., J.-M. Mascherpa & F. Stainier, 1978: 209; Duke, J. A.,
1981: 293.
Phaseolus revolutus Piper
Phaseolus revolutus Piper

Note: Not known from Peru. This species was described by Piper based on a
specimen collected by Sessé & Mociño in Guerrero, Mexico (Delgado,
pers. comm.).
Phaseolus speciosus Kunth
Phaseolus speciosus Kunth = Vigna speciosa (Kunth) Verdc.
Reference: Verdcourt, B., 1970: 552; Delgado, pers. comm..

$
Phaseolus trichocarpus C. Wright
Phaseolus trichocarpus C. Wright = Vigna trichocarpa (C. Wright) A. Delgado
Reference: Delgado, pers. comm..
Phaseolus trilobatus (L.) Schreber
Phaseolus trilobatus (L.) Schreber = Vigna trilobata (L.) Verdc.
Reference: Verdcourt, B., 1970: 560; Delgado, pers. comm..
Phaseolus truxillensis Kunth
Phaseolus truxillensis Kunth = Vigna adenantha (G. Mey.) Marechal, Mascherpa &
Stainier
Phaseolus vestitus Hook.
Phaseolus vestitus Hook. = Macroptilium atropurpureum (Moç. & Sessé

ex DC.) Urb.
Phaseolus vexillatus L.
Phaseolus vexillatus L. = Vigna vexillata (L.) A. Rich.
Duke, J. A., 1981: 306.
$
Phaseolus vignoides Rusby
Phaseolus vignoides Rusby = Vigna candida (Vell.) Marechal, Mascherpa & Stainier
Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Phaseolus vulgaris L. var.vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. vulgaris
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 305; Duke, J. A., 1981: 195; Marechal, R., J.-M.
Mascherpa & F. Stainier, 1978: 136.
Ecology: Cultivated herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Debouck 2583 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima, Loreto, San
Martín.
Pheliandra herthae Werdermann
Pheliandra herthae Werdermann = Solanum sessile Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Hunziker, A. T., 1967: 136; Knapp, S., 1991: 187.
Phellocarpus amazonum C. Martius ex Benth.
Phellocarpus amazonum C. Martius ex Benth. = Pterocarpus amazonum (C. Martius ex

Benth.) Amshoff
Reference: FP 21: 271; Rojo, J. P., 1972: 23.
Phenakospermum guyannense ( Richard) Endl.
Phenakospermum guyannense ( Richard) Endl.
Synonyms: Phenakospermum guyannense Richard
Phenax angustifolius (Kunth) Wedd.
Phenax angustifolius (Kunth) Wedd.
Synonyms: Phenax angustifolius Krause, Phenax angustifolius Kunth, Phenax

angustifolius Poepp. ex Wedd.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests,
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Puno, San
Martín.
Phenax ballotaefolius (Kunth) Wedd.
Phenax ballotaefolius (Kunth) Wedd. = Phenax rugosus (Poir.) Wedd.
Phenax hirtus (Sw.) Wedd.
Phenax hirtus (Sw.) Wedd.
Synonyms: Phenax hirtus (Wedd.) Wedd., Phenax hirtus Sw., Phenax hirtus Wedd.,
Phenax hirtus Wedd., Phenax hirtus Wedd.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas,
forests, riversides, rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-3500 m.
Huánuco, Junín, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Pasco, San Martín.
Phenax hirtus var. minor (Wedd.) Wedd.
Phenax hirtus var. minor (Wedd.) Wedd. = Phenax hirtus (Sw.) Wedd.
Phenax integrifolius Wedd.
Phenax integrifolius Wedd.

Phenax laevigatus Wedd.
Phenax laevigatus Wedd.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1235: 358; Soraru, S. B., 1972: 312.

Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (B photo F!), Vargus 2791 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lima.
Phenax laxiflorus Wedd.
Phenax laxiflorus Wedd.

Phenax mexicanus Wedd.
Phenax mexicanus Wedd.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1000 m.
Phenax pallidus Rusby
Phenax pallidus Rusby = Boehmeria pavonii Wedd.
Phenax petiolaris Wedd.
Phenax petiolaris Wedd. = Phenax hirtus (Sw.) Wedd.
Phenax rugosus (Poir.) Wedd.
Phenax rugosus (Poir.) Wedd.
Synonyms: Phenax rugosus (Kunth) Wedd., Phenax rugosus Kunth, Phenax rugosus Poir.,
Phenax rugosus Wedd.
Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, dry valleys, forests. 2000-3500
m.
Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* , Gentry & Smith 35740 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín.
$
Phenax rugosus var. minor Wedd.
Phenax rugosus var. minor Wedd. = Phenax rugosus (Poir.) Wedd.
Phenax ulei Krause
Phenax ulei Krause = Phenax angustifolius (Kunth) Wedd.
Phenax urticaefolius var. minor Wedd.
Phenax urticaefolius var. minor Wedd. = Phenax hirtus (Sw.) Wedd.
Phenax urticaefolius Wedd.
Phenax urticaefolius Wedd. = Phenax hirtus (Sw.) Wedd.
Phenax weddellianus Killip
Phenax weddellianus Killip

Voucher: Gay s.n.* , Mostacero 1583 (MO!)
$
Philibertia campanulata (Lindl.) Nicholson
Philibertia campanulata (Lindl.) Nicholson = Sarcostemma campanulatum Lindl.
Philibertia flava Meyen
Philibertia flava Meyen = Sarcostemma solanoides (Kunth) Decne.
Philibertia hastata (Decne. in A. DC.) Schltr.
Philibertia hastata (Decne. in A. DC.) Schltr. = Sarcostemma solanoides (Kunth)

Decne.
Philibertia obtusiuscula Malme
Philibertia obtusiuscula Malme = Sarcostemma solanoides (Kunth) Decne.
Philibertia quadriflora (Decne.) Schltr.
Philibertia quadriflora (Decne.) Schltr. = Sarcostemma solanoides (Kunth) Decne.
Philibertia solanoides Kunth

Philibertia solanoides Kunth = Sarcostemma solanoides (Kunth) Decne.
Philibertia variifolia (Decne.) Schltr.
Philibertia variifolia (Decne.) Schltr. = Sarcostemma solanoides (Kunth) Decne.
Philibertia weberbaueri Schltr.
Philibertia weberbaueri Schltr. = Sarcostemma solanoides (Kunth) Decne.
Philippiamra pachyphylla (Philippi) Kuntze
Philippiamra pachyphylla (Philippi) Kuntze = Cistanthe celosioides (Phil.) Carolin

ex Hershkovitz
Reference: FP 1263: 573; Hershkovitz, M. A., 1991: 222.
Philodendron acreanum K. Krause
Philodendron acreanum K. Krause

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Martín.
$
Philodendron acutatum Schott
Philodendron acutatum Schott

Note: Not reconfirmed. Croat & Lambert (1986) state that this taxon may occur in
Loreto, Peru.
Philodendron acutifolium K. Krause
Philodendron acutifolium K. Krause

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Philodendron alatum Poepp.
Philodendron alatum Poepp.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1298* (W), McDaniel & Marcos 11192 (F)
Philodendron angustialatum Engl.
Philodendron angustialatum Engl.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3589* (B), Foster 9395 (MO!)
$
Philodendron applanatum G. Barroso
Philodendron applanatum G. Barroso
Reference: Barroso, G., 1957 (1959): 94.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Philodendron barrosoanum Bunting
Philodendron barrosoanum Bunting

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.

Philodendron basivaginatum K. Krause
Philodendron basivaginatum K. Krause

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 27424 (B)
Philodendron bertae K. Krause
Philodendron bertae K. Krause

$
Philodendron brevispathum subsp.holmquistii (Bunting) Bunting
Philodendron brevispathum subsp. holmquistii (Bunting) Bunting
Synonyms: Philodendron brevispathum holmquistii Bunting

Reference: Bunting, G. S., 1988: 466.
Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Philodendron camposportoanum G. Barroso
Philodendron camposportoanum G. Barroso
Reference: Barroso, G. , 1956 (1958): 269.

Ecology: hemiepiphyte. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Philodendron cataniapoense Bunting
Philodendron cataniapoense Bunting
Reference: Bunting, G., 1986: 314.

Ecology: hemiepiphyte. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Philodendron chinchamayense Engl.
Philodendron chinchamayense Engl.

Voucher: Weberbauer 1864* (B), Vásquez 8322 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco.
Philodendron cordatum (Vell.) Kunth
Philodendron cordatum (Vell.) Kunth
Synonyms: Philodendron cordatum Vell.

Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 470; Mayo, pers. comm..
Philodendron cruentum Poepp.
Philodendron cruentum Poepp.

Voucher: Poeppig 1561 (B)
Philodendron deflexum Poepp. ex Schott
Philodendron deflexum Poepp. ex Schott

Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Note: Specimens cited in the Flora of Peru are based on misidentifications
according to Croat (pers. comm.)
Voucher: Poeppig 1281 (B)
Philodendron deltoideum Poepp.

Philodendron deltoideum Poepp.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2029* (W), Schunke 10452 (MO!)
Philodendron densivenium Engl.
Philodendron densivenium Engl.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3425* (B syntype), Weberbauer 1308* (F syntype)
Philodendron devansayeanum L. Linden
Philodendron devansayeanum L. Linden

Ecology: Cultivated .
Voucher: Boom s.n.* (L)
Philodendron discolor K. Krause
Philodendron discolor K. Krause = Philodendron verrucosum Mathieu ex Schott
Philodendron distantilobum K. Krause
Philodendron distantilobum K. Krause

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Gentry & Núñez 69753 (MO!)
Philodendron divaricatum K. Krause
Philodendron divaricatum K. Krause

Ecology: Native herb, hemiepiphyte, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Williams 5136* (F! syntype), Killip & Smith 24007* (F! syntype)
Philodendron elaphoglossoides Schott
Philodendron elaphoglossoides Schott
Synonyms: Philodendron elaphoglossoides (Schott) Engl.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Philodendron ernestii Engl.
Philodendron ernestii Engl.

Ecology: epiphytic or terrestrial herb, hemiepiphyte. Amazonian, Andean I: forests.
0-1500 m.
Martín, Ucayali.
Philodendron exile Bunting

Philodendron exile Bunting

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 18482 (IBE!)
Pasco, San Martín.
Philodendron fibrillosum Poepp.
Philodendron fibrillosum Poepp.

Ecology: epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (B), Croat 21250 (MO!)
Philodendron fragrantissimum (Hook.) G. Don
Philodendron fragrantissimum (Hook.) G. Don
Synonyms: Philodendron fragrantissimum Hook., Philodendron fragrantissimum Schott

Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Gentry & Young 32029 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín, Ucayali.
Philodendron goeldii G. Barroso
Philodendron goeldii G. Barroso
Reference: Mayo, S., 1991: 649.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
$
Philodendron grazielae Bunting
Philodendron grazielae Bunting

Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, vine. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Philodendron guttiferum Kunth
Philodendron guttiferum Kunth
Synonyms: Philodendron guttiferum K. Krause

Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-
500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2292* (W), Huashikat 2134 (MO!)
Philodendron heterophyllum Poepp.
Philodendron heterophyllum Poepp.

Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Smith et al. 586 (US!)
Philodendron heterophyllum var. elaphoglossoides (Schott) Engl.
Philodendron heterophyllum var. elaphoglossoides (Schott) Engl. = Philodendron

elaphoglossoides Schott
$
Philodendron heteropleurum K. Krause
Philodendron heteropleurum K. Krause

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28034* (B)
Philodendron holmquistii Bunting
Philodendron holmquistii Bunting = Philodendron brevispathum subsp. holmquistii

(Bunting) Bunting
Reference: Bunting, G. S., 1988: 466.
Philodendron huanucense Engl.
Philodendron huanucense Engl.

Philodendron hylaeae Bunting
Philodendron hylaeae Bunting

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Philodendron insigne Schott

Philodendron insigne Schott

Philodendron juninense Engl.
Philodendron juninense Engl.

Ecology: Endemic hemiepiphyte, herb. .
Philodendron killipii K. Krause
Philodendron killipii K. Krause

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24602 (B)
Philodendron latilobum Schott
Philodendron latilobum Schott = Philodendron panduriforme (Kunth) Kunth var.

panduriforme
Reference: FP 853: 474; Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 135.
Philodendron lechlerianum Schott
Philodendron lechlerianum Schott

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000
m.
Voucher: Lechler 1103* (K), Smith 6386 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Puno, San
Martín.
Philodendron leucanthum K. Krause
Philodendron leucanthum K. Krause

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Note:
Philodendron linnaei Kunth
Philodendron linnaei Kunth

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Philodendron longistilum K. Krause
Philodendron longistilum K. Krause

Philodendron maculatum K. Krause
Philodendron maculatum K. Krause

Philodendron mathewsii Schott
Philodendron mathewsii Schott

Ecology: Endemic hemiepiphyte, herb. .
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K)
Philodendron maximum K. Krause
Philodendron maximum K. Krause

Philodendron megalophyllum Schott
Philodendron megalophyllum Schott
Reference: Flora Peru: 853: 476; Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 127.
Ecology: hemiepiphyte, herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Lechler 2495* (K), Vásquez 13638 (MO!)
Martín, Ucayali.
Philodendron membranaceum Poepp.
Philodendron membranaceum Poepp.

Philodendron micranthum Poepp. ex Schott
Philodendron micranthum Poepp. ex Schott

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2300* (B), Gentry et al. 29785* (MO!)
Philodendron muschlerianum K. Krause
Philodendron muschlerianum K. Krause = Philodendron ornatum Schott
Philodendron ornatum Schott
Philodendron ornatum Schott
Synonyms: Philodendron ornatum K. Krause

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand. 0-1000
m.
Voucher: Young & Stratton 314 (MO!)
$
Philodendron panduriforme (Kunth) Kunth var.panduriforme
Philodendron panduriforme (Kunth) Kunth var. panduriforme
Synonyms: Philodendron panduriforme panduriforme Kunth, Philodendron panduriforme

panduriforme Schott
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (B), Croat 51209 (MO!)
Philodendron panduriforme (Kunth) Kunth
Philodendron panduriforme (Kunth) Kunth
Philodendron pastazanum K. Krause
Philodendron pastazanum K. Krause
Reference: Krause, K., 1940: 42.

Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Philodendron paxianum K. Krause
Philodendron paxianum K. Krause

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand. 0-1500
m.
$
Philodendron poeppigii Schott
Philodendron poeppigii Schott = Philodendron fragrantissimum (Hook.) G. Don
Philodendron pteropus Martius ex Schott
Philodendron pteropus Martius ex Schott

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Philodendron pulchrum G.M. Barroso
Philodendron pulchrum G.M. Barroso

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas,
forests. 0-1000 m.
Philodendron quinquelobum K. Krause
Philodendron quinquelobum K. Krause

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Foster & d'Achille 12148 (MO!)
$
Philodendron ruizii Schott
Philodendron ruizii Schott

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* , Croat 57718 (MO!)
Philodendron scandens ssp.scandens K. Koch & H. Sellow
Philodendron scandens ssp. scandens K. Koch & H. Sellow

Ecology. 0-2000 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Madre de Dios, Pasco.
Philodendron solimoesense A.C. Sm.
Philodendron solimoesense A.C. Sm.
Reference: Mayo, S., 1991: 658.

Ecology: Native hemiepiphyte, herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Note:
Philodendron stenophyllum K. Krause
Philodendron stenophyllum K. Krause

$
Philodendron steyermarkii Bunting
Philodendron steyermarkii Bunting

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Philodendron surinamense (Miq. ex Schott) Engl.
Philodendron surinamense (Miq. ex Schott) Engl.
Synonyms: Philodendron surinamense Miq.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, vine. .
Philodendron tarmense Engl.
Philodendron tarmense Engl.

Philodendron tessmannii K. Krause
Philodendron tessmannii K. Krause = Philodendron guttiferum Kunth
Philodendron tripartitum (Jacq.) Schott

Philodendron tripartitum (Jacq.) Schott
Synonyms: Philodendron tripartitum Jacq.

Philodendron uleanum Engl.
Philodendron uleanum Engl.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Espinoza & Coba 385 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Madre de Dios, Loreto.
Philodendron variifolium Schott
Philodendron variifolium Schott

Voucher: Poeppig 1281* (B photo F!)
Philodendron venustum Bunting
Philodendron venustum Bunting

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Vásquez 495 (MO)
Philodendron verrucosum Mathieu ex Schott

Philodendron verrucosum Mathieu ex Schott
Synonyms: Philodendron verrucosum K. Krause

Reference: Krause, K., 1913: 73.
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Philodendron weberbaueri Engl.
Philodendron weberbaueri Engl.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Departments: Puno.
Philodendron wurdackii Bunting
Philodendron wurdackii Bunting
Reference: Bunting, G., 1986: 314; Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 161.
Philoglossa blakei H. Rob. & Cuatrec.
Philoglossa blakei H. Rob. & Cuatrec.

$
Philoglossa mimuloides (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Cuatrec.
Philoglossa mimuloides (Hieron.) H. Rob. & Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Philoglossa mimuloides Bristol, Philoglossa mimuloides Hieron.,

Philoglossa mimuloides Hieron.
Ecology. 1000-3500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, La Libertad, Piura.
Philoglossa peruviana DC.
Philoglossa peruviana DC.
Ecology. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (G-DC), Macbride 5919 (US!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lima, La Libertad, Tacna.
Philoglossa peruviana var. sapida Bristol
Philoglossa peruviana var. sapida Bristol = Philoglossa mimuloides (Hieron.) H.

Rob. & Cuatrec.
Philoglossa pterocarpa Sandwith
Philoglossa pterocarpa Sandwith
Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Sandeman 4230* (K), Soukup 4219 (US!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Lima, Piura.
$
Philoglossa purpureodisca H. Rob.
Philoglossa purpureodisca H. Rob.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Angulo 1219* (F!)
Philonotion spruceanum Schott
Philonotion spruceanum Schott = Schismatoglottis spruceanum var. spruceanum
Reference: Bunting, G., 1960: 70; Croat, T. B. & N. Lambert, 1986: 169.
Phinaea divaricata (Poepp.) Wiehler
Phinaea divaricata (Poepp.) Wiehler
Synonyms: Phinaea divaricata (Poepp.) Bentham ex Walpers, Phinaea divaricata

(Poepp.) Walpers, Phinaea divaricata Poepp.
Voucher: Poeppig 1629* (W), Woytkowski 35360 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Ucayali.
Phitopis multiflora Hook. f.
Phitopis multiflora Hook. f.
Synonyms: Phitopis multiflora Benth. ex Schumann pro syn.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4319* (B photo F!), Schunke 5351 (MO!)
$
Phitopis sterculioides Standl.
Phitopis sterculioides Standl.

Ecology: Endemic tree, treelet. Andean II: cloud forests, riversides. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 25747* (F), Gentry et al. 41438 (MO!)
Phlebiophragmus macrorrhizus (Muschl.) O.E. Schulz
Phlebiophragmus macrorrhizus (Muschl.) O.E. Schulz = Sisymbrium gracile Wedd.
Phlebiophragmus macrorrhizus var. meyenii O.E. Schulz
Phlebiophragmus macrorrhizus var. meyenii O.E. Schulz = Sisymbrium gracile Wedd.
Phlebiophragmus macrorrhizus var. ramosissimus O.E. Schulz
Phlebiophragmus macrorrhizus var. ramosissimus O.E. Schulz = Sisymbrium gracile

Wedd.
Phlox gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Greene
Phlox gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Greene
Synonyms: Phlox gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Kuntze, Phlox gracilis (Douglas)

Brand, Phlox gracilis (Douglas) Greene, Phlox gracilis (Douglas) Hooker, Phlox
gracilis (Douglas) Lindl., Phlox gracilis (Franchet) Borsine, Phlox gracilis
(Greene) Brand, Phlox gracilis (Greene) Brand, Phlox gracilis (Greene) V.E. Grant,
Phlox gracilis (Grisebach) Brand, Phlox gracilis (Hooker) Greene, Phlox gracilis
(Kellogg) Brand, Phlox gracilis (Kellogg) Greene, Phlox gracilis Brand, Phlox
gracilis Brand, Phlox gracilis Brand, Phlox gracilis Griseb., Phlox gracilis
Kellogg, Phlox gracilis Kuntze, Phlox gracilis Wedd., Phlox gracilis Wedd.
Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Phoebe cinnamomifolia (Kunth) Nees
Phoebe cinnamomifolia (Kunth) Nees = Cinnamomum cinnamomifolium (Kunth) Kostermans
Phoebe heteranthera (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Phoebe heteranthera (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez = Cinnamomum heterantherum (Ruiz & Pav.)
Kosterm.
Phoebe heterotepala Mez
Phoebe heterotepala Mez = Cinnamomum heterotepalum (Mez) Kostermans
Phoebe matthewsii (Meisn.) Mez
Phoebe matthewsii (Meisn.) Mez = Cinnamomum mathewsii (Meisn.) Kostermans
$
Phoebe maynensis Nees
Phoebe maynensis Nees = Cinnamomum maynense (Nees) Kostermans
Phoebe peruviana Meisn.
Phoebe peruviana Meisn. = Cinnamomum triplinerve (Ruiz & Pav.) Kostermans
Phoebe peruviana var. glabriflora Meisn.
Phoebe peruviana var. glabriflora Meisn. = Cinnamomum maynense (Nees) Kostermans
Phoebe pichisensis A.C. Sm.
Phoebe pichisensis A.C. Sm. = Cinnamomum pichisense (A.C. Sm.) Kostermans
Reference: FP 610: 883; Kostermans, A. J. G. H., 1961: 23; Werff, H. van der, 1984:
1182.
Phoebe poeppigii Meisn.
Phoebe poeppigii Meisn. = Cinnamomum triplinerve (Ruiz & Pav.) Kostermans
Phoebe ruiziana Nees

Phoebe ruiziana Nees = Cinnamomum heterantherum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kosterm.
Phoebe triplinervis (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez
Phoebe triplinervis (Ruiz & Pav.) Mez = Cinnamomum triplinerve (Ruiz & Pav.)
Kostermans

Note: nom. illeg.
Phoenix canariensis hort. ex Chabaud
Phoenix canariensis hort. ex Chabaud
Reference: Bailey, L. & E. Bailey, 1976: 863.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Parra s.n. (USM)
Departments: Lima.
Pholidostachys synanthera (Mart.) H.E. Moore
Pholidostachys synanthera (Mart.) H.E. Moore
Synonyms: Pholidostachys synanthera (Burret) L.H. Bailey, Pholidostachys synanthera

(Mart.) Burret, Pholidostachys synanthera (Mart.) L.H. Bailey, Pholidostachys
synanthera Burret, Pholidostachys synanthera Mart., Pholidostachys synanthera
Oerst.
Phoradendron acinacifolium Mart.
Phoradendron acinacifolium Mart.

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides,
Departments: Cajamarca, Loreto, San Martín.
Phoradendron albert-smithii Trel. ex J.F. Macbr.
Phoradendron albert-smithii Trel. ex J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: cloud forests, forests,
Voucher: Killip & Smith 11598* (US), Woytkowski 6389 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Junín, Lambayeque, Pasco.
Phoradendron angustifolium (Kunth) Nutt.
Phoradendron angustifolium (Kunth) Nutt.
Synonyms: Phoradendron angustifolium (Kunth) DC., Phoradendron angustifolium Kunth

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. .
Note: The Flora of Peru incorrectly attributes this combination to Eichler.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 3508 (P), Pavón s.n. (MA)
Phoradendron ayacuchanum Trel. ex J.F. Macbr.
Phoradendron ayacuchanum Trel. ex J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic parasitic shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
Phoradendron chrysostachyum (J. Presl) Eichler

Phoradendron chrysostachyum (J. Presl) Eichler = Dendrophthora chrysostachya (J.
Presl) Urb.
Phoradendron clavatum (Benth.) Eichler
Phoradendron clavatum (Benth.) Eichler = Dendrophthora clavata (Benth.) Urb.
Phoradendron crassifolium (Pohl ex DC.) Eichler
Phoradendron crassifolium (Pohl ex DC.) Eichler
Synonyms: Phoradendron crassifolium Pohl ex DC.

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, riversides,
Voucher: Smith & Foster 2490 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Junín, Loreto, San Martín.
Phoradendron crassuloides (J. Presl) Eichler
Phoradendron crassuloides (J. Presl) Eichler = Dendrophthora clavata (Benth.) Urb.
Phoradendron dichotomum (Bertero) Krug & Urb.
Phoradendron dichotomum (Bertero) Krug & Urb.
Synonyms: Phoradendron dichotomum Bertero

Reference: Burger, W. & J. Kuijt, 1983: 71.
Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian: dry valleys, forests. 0-500 m.
Note: Cited collection questionably determined.
Phoradendron dipterum Eichler
Phoradendron dipterum Eichler

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Andean II: forests, riversides. 2500-3000 m.
Phoradendron ellipticum (Gardner) Eichler
Phoradendron ellipticum (Gardner) Eichler = Dendrophthora elliptica (Gardner) Krug

& Urb.
Phoradendron englerianum Patschovsky
Phoradendron englerianum Patschovsky

Ecology: Endemic parasitic shrub. Andean I: shrublands. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Syntypes Weberbauer 1903*, 1904* (B destroyed)
Phoradendron ernstianum Pacz.
Phoradendron ernstianum Pacz.

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4251* (B destroyed), Woytkowski 7061 (MO!)
$
Phoradendron flavens (Sw.) Griseb.
Phoradendron flavens (Sw.) Griseb. = Phoradendron chrysocladon A. Gray
Reference: Kuijt, J., 1978: 745; Kuijt, J., 1986: 28; Kuijt, pers. comm..
Phoradendron globuliflorum (J. Presl) Eichler
Phoradendron globuliflorum (J. Presl) Eichler = Dendrophthora chrysostachya (J.

Presl) Urb.
Phoradendron herbert-smithii Trel.
Phoradendron herbert-smithii Trel.
Phoradendron huallagense Ule
Phoradendron huallagense Ule = Phoradendron laxiflorum Ule
Phoradendron jenmanii Trel.
Phoradendron jenmanii Trel.

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Andean I: forests. 500-1000 m.
$
Phoradendron laxiflorum Ule
Phoradendron laxiflorum Ule
Synonyms: Phoradendron laxiflorum Ule

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Phoradendron leucocarpum Patschovsky
Phoradendron leucocarpum Patschovsky
Synonyms: Phoradendron leucocarpum (Patschovsky) Trel.

Ecology: Endemic parasitic shrub. Andean II: shrublands. 2500-3000 m.
Phoradendron lindavianum Patschovsky
Phoradendron lindavianum Patschovsky = Phoradendron chrysocladon A. Gray
Reference: FP 1238: 387; Kuijt, J., 1986: 28; Kuijt, pers. comm..
Phoradendron macbridei Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.
Phoradendron macbridei Standl. ex J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Endemic parasitic shrub. Andean II: forests. 2000-2500 m.
$
Phoradendron mathewsii Trel.
Phoradendron mathewsii Trel.

Ecology: Endemic parasitic shrub. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (G), Williams 6979 (F)
Phoradendron obliquum (C. Presl) Eichler
Phoradendron obliquum (C. Presl) Eichler = Dendrophthora obliqua (C. Presl) Wiens
Phoradendron paucifolium Rusby
Phoradendron paucifolium Rusby = Dendrophthora paucifolia (Rusby) Kuijt
Phoradendron peruvianum Eichler
Phoradendron peruvianum Eichler

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Andean II: forests. 2500-3000 m.
Note: The Hutchison & Wright collection is questionably determined.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* , Hutchison & Wright 5314 (MO!)
Phoradendron piperoides (Kunth) Trel.

Phoradendron piperoides (Kunth) Trel.
Synonyms: Phoradendron piperoides (Kunth) DC., Phoradendron piperoides Kunth

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, San Martín,
Ucayali.
Phoradendron platycaulon Eichler
Phoradendron platycaulon Eichler

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Phoradendron quadrangulare (Kunth) Krug & Urb.
Phoradendron quadrangulare (Kunth) Krug & Urb.
Synonyms: Phoradendron quadrangulare Kunth

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, seasonally
Departments: Cajamarca, Junín, Loreto, San Martín.
Phoradendron semiteres Trel.
Phoradendron semiteres Trel. = Phoradendron trianae Eichler
$
Phoradendron storkii F. Barkley
Phoradendron storkii F. Barkley
Reference: Standley, P. C. & F. A. Barkley, 1948: 149.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Stork & Horton 10133* (F)
Phoradendron trianae Eichler
Phoradendron trianae Eichler
Synonyms: Phoradendron trianae Trel.

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Andean I-II: forests. 1500-3000 m.
Phoradendron undulatum (Pohl ex DC.) Eichler
Phoradendron undulatum (Pohl ex DC.) Eichler
Synonyms: Phoradendron undulatum Pohl ex DC.

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas, terra firme forests.
1500-2500 m.
Departments: Lambayeque, Pasco.
Phoradendron urbanianum Ule
Phoradendron urbanianum Ule = Phoradendron chrysocladon A. Gray
Reference: FP 1238: 389; Kuijt, J., 1986: 28; Kuijt, pers. comm..
$
Phoradendron virgatum Trel. ex J.F. Macbr.
Phoradendron virgatum Trel. ex J.F. Macbr. = Dendrophthora virgata (Trel. ex J.F.

Macbr.) Kuijt
Photinia japonica (Thunberg) A. Gray
Photinia japonica (Thunberg) A. Gray = Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.
Photinia serrulata Lindl.
Photinia serrulata Lindl.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Medina 71 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.
Phoxanthus heterophyllus Benth.
Phoxanthus heterophyllus Benth. = Ophiocaryon heterophyllum (Benth.) Urb.
Phoxanthus manausensis W.A. Rodrigues
Phoxanthus manausensis W.A. Rodrigues = Ophiocaryon manausense (W.A. Rodrigues)

Barneby

$
Phragmipedium besseae Dodson & J.A. Kuhn
Phragmipedium besseae Dodson & J.A. Kuhn
Reference: Dodson, H. D. & J. Kuhn, 1981: 1308.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Halton & Besse 62* (SEL)
Phragmipedium boissierianum (Rchb. f.) Rolfe
Phragmipedium boissierianum (Rchb. f.) Rolfe
Synonyms: Phragmipedium boissierianum (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer, Phragmipedium

boissierianum (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer, Phragmipedium boissierianum Pav. ex Rchb. f.,
Phragmipedium boissierianum Rchb. f., Phragmipedium boissierianum Rchb. f.,
Phragmipedium boissierianum Schltr.
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Loreto, San Martín.
Phragmipedium caricinum (Lindley & Paxton) Rolfe
Phragmipedium caricinum (Lindley & Paxton) Rolfe
Synonyms: Phragmipedium caricinum (Lindl. & Paxton) Pfitzer, Phragmipedium

caricinum (Lindl. & Paxton) Rchb. f., Phragmipedium caricinum Lindl. & Paxton,
Phragmipedium caricinum Rolfe ex Pfitzer
Phragmipedium caudatum (Lindl.) Rolfe
Phragmipedium caudatum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Synonyms: Phragmipedium caudatum (Lindl.) Pfitzer, Phragmipedium caudatum (Lindl.)
Pfitzer, Phragmipedium caudatum (Lindl.) Rchb. f., Phragmipedium caudatum Lindl.
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-2500
m.
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (K)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Puno.
Phragmipedium czerwiakowianum (Reichenbach f.) Rolfe
Phragmipedium czerwiakowianum (Reichenbach f.) Rolfe
Synonyms: Phragmipedium czerwiakowianum (Rchb. f.) Kraenzl., Phragmipedium

czerwiakowianum (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer, Phragmipedium czerwiakowianum (Rchb. f.) Rolfe
ex Pfitzer, Phragmipedium czerwiakowianum Rchb. f.
Voucher: Bennett et al. 3707 (MO!)
Phragmipedium hartwegii (Rchb. f.) L.O. Williams
Phragmipedium hartwegii (Rchb. f.) L.O. Williams = Phragmipedium longifolium (Rchb.

f. & Warsz.) Rolfe

Note: NN
Phragmipedium longifolium (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Rolfe
Phragmipedium longifolium (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Rolfe
Synonyms: Phragmipedium longifolium (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Rchb. f. & Warsz.,

Phragmipedium longifolium (Rchb. f.) L.O. Williams, Phragmipedium longifolium
(Rchb. f.) Pfitzer, Phragmipedium longifolium (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer, Phragmipedium
longifolium (Rchb. f.) Rchb. f., Phragmipedium longifolium Rchb. f.
Note: Not known from Peru. . Known from Costa Rica to Ecuador.
$
Phragmipedium pearcei (Rchb. f.) Rauh & Senghas
Phragmipedium pearcei (Rchb. f.) Rauh & Senghas
Synonyms: Phragmipedium pearcei (Rchb. f.) Hort. ex Veitch, Phragmipedium pearcei

Rchb. f.
Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 20; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 153.
Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (W), Knapp 7999 (MO!)
Phragmipedium reticulatum (Rchb. f.) Garay
Phragmipedium reticulatum (Rchb. f.) Garay
Synonyms: Phragmipedium reticulatum Rchb. f.

Phragmipedium wallisii (Rchb. f.) Garay
Phragmipedium wallisii (Rchb. f.) Garay
Synonyms: Phragmipedium wallisii Rchb. f.

Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 500-2000
m.
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.
Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.
Synonyms: Phragmites australis Cav., Phragmites australis L., Phragmites australis

Trin.
Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Andean I, Coastal: emergent. 0-1500 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Lima, La Libertad, Puno, San Martín.
Phragmites communis Trin.
Phragmites communis Trin. = Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud.
Reference: FP 719: 137; Pohl, R. W., 1980: 482.
Phragmopedilum boissierianum (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer
Phragmopedilum boissierianum (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer = Phragmipedium boissierianum

(Rchb. f.) Rolfe
Phragmopedilum cajamarcae Schltr.
Phragmopedilum cajamarcae Schltr. = Phragmipedium boissierianum (Rchb. f.) Rolfe
Phragmopedilum caricinum Rolfe ex Pfitzer
Phragmopedilum caricinum Rolfe ex Pfitzer = Phragmipedium caricinum (Lindley &

Paxton) Rolfe
Phragmopedilum caudatum (Lindl.) Pfitzer
Phragmopedilum caudatum (Lindl.) Pfitzer = Phragmipedium caudatum (Lindl.) Rolfe

Phragmopedilum czerwiakowianum (Rchb. f.) Rolfe ex Pfitzer
Phragmopedilum czerwiakowianum (Rchb. f.) Rolfe ex Pfitzer = Phragmipedium

czerwiakowianum (Reichenbach f.) Rolfe
Phragmopedilum hartwegii (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer
Phragmopedilum hartwegii (Rchb. f.) Pfitzer = Phragmipedium longifolium (Rchb. f. &

Warsz.) Rolfe

Note: NN
Phragmotheca leucoflora D.R. Simpson
Phragmotheca leucoflora D.R. Simpson

Voucher: Guttiérrez 179* (F), Arostegui 128 (F)
Phragmotheca mammosa Alverson
Phragmotheca mammosa Alverson
Phragmotheca mammosa subsp.amazonica Alverson

Phragmotheca mammosa subsp. amazonica Alverson

Voucher: McDaniel & Rimachi 20726* (NA), Díaz & Jaramillo 1268 (MO)
Phryganocydia corymbosa (Vent.) Baill.
Phryganocydia corymbosa (Vent.) Baill.
Synonyms: Phryganocydia corymbosa (Vent.) Griseb., Phryganocydia corymbosa Rusby,

Phryganocydia corymbosa Vent.
Phryganocydia xanthophylla C. Mart. ex DC.
Phryganocydia xanthophylla C. Mart. ex DC. = Spathicalyx xanthophylla (A. DC.) A.H.

Gentry
Phrygilanthus acutifolius (Ruiz & Pav.) Eichler
Phrygilanthus acutifolius (Ruiz & Pav.) Eichler = Tripodanthus acutifolius (Ruiz &
Pav.) Tiegh.
Phrygilanthus chodatianus Patschovsky
Phrygilanthus chodatianus Patschovsky = Tristerix chodatianus (Patschovsky) Kuijt

$
Phrygilanthus corymbosus (Dietrich) Eichler
Phrygilanthus corymbosus (Dietrich) Eichler = Tristerix longebracteatus (Desr.)

Barlow & Wiens
Phrygilanthus ellipticus (Ruiz & Pav.) Eichler
Phrygilanthus ellipticus (Ruiz & Pav.) Eichler = Gaiadendron punctatum (Ruiz &
Pav.) G. Don
Reference: FP 1238: 395; Barlow, B. A. & D. Wiens, 1973: 38.
Phrygilanthus eugenioides (Kunth) Eichler
Phrygilanthus eugenioides (Kunth) Eichler = Tripodanthus acutifolius (Ruiz & Pav.)

Tiegh.
Phrygilanthus grandiflorus (Ruiz & Pav.) Eichler
Phrygilanthus grandiflorus (Ruiz & Pav.) Eichler = Tristerix grandiflorus (Ruiz &
Pav.) Barlow & Wiens
Phrygilanthus lanceolatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Eichler
Phrygilanthus lanceolatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Eichler = Gaiadendron punctatum (Ruiz &
Pav.) G. Don

$
Phrygilanthus lehmannianus Weberbauer
Phrygilanthus lehmannianus Weberbauer = Tristerix longebracteatus (Desr.) Barlow &

Wiens
Phrygilanthus ligustrinus (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Eichler
Phrygilanthus ligustrinus (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Eichler = Tripodanthus

acutifolius (Ruiz & Pav.) Tiegh.
Phrygilanthus linearis Killip
Phrygilanthus linearis Killip = Psittacanthus linearis (Killip) J.F. Macbr.
Phrygilanthus longebracteatus (Desr.) J.F. Macbr.
Phrygilanthus longebracteatus (Desr.) J.F. Macbr. = Tristerix longebracteatus

(Desr.) Barlow & Wiens
Phrygilanthus monzoniensis Patschovsky
Phrygilanthus monzoniensis Patschovsky = Tristerix longebracteatus (Desr.) Barlow &

Wiens
$
Phrygilanthus peruvianus Patschovsky
Phrygilanthus peruvianus Patschovsky = Tristerix peruvianus (Patschovsky) Kuijt
Phrygilanthus punctatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Eichler
Phrygilanthus punctatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Eichler = Gaiadendron punctatum (Ruiz & Pav.)
G. Don
Phrygilanthus repens Patschovsky
Phrygilanthus repens Patschovsky = Tripodanthus acutifolius (Ruiz & Pav.) Tiegh.
Phrygilanthus suaveolens (Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth) Eichler
Phrygilanthus suaveolens (Humboldt, Bonpland & Kunth) Eichler = Tripodanthus

acutifolius (Ruiz & Pav.) Tiegh.
Phrygilanthus tumbecensis Killip
Phrygilanthus tumbecensis Killip = Psittacanthus tumbecensis (Killip) J.F. Macbr.
$
Phrygilanthus verticillatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Eichler
Phrygilanthus verticillatus (Ruiz & Pav.) Eichler

Note: Not known from Peru. A voucher cited under this name in the Flora of Peru
was redetermined by Kuijt (1988b) as Tristerix penduliflorus.
Phrynium achira Poepp. & Endl.
Phrynium achira Poepp. & Endl. = ?
Reference: FP 1205: 746; Kennedy, pers. comm..
Phrynium altissimum Poepp. & Endl.
Phrynium altissimum Poepp. & Endl. = Calathea altissima (Poepp. & Endl.) Körn.
Phrynium chrysoleucum Poepp. & Endl.
Phrynium chrysoleucum Poepp. & Endl. = Calathea chrysoleuca (Poepp. & Endl.)
Körn.
Phrynium dicephalum Poepp. & Endl.
Phrynium dicephalum Poepp. & Endl. = Calathea dicephala (Poepp. & Endl.) Ahumada
$
Phrynium exscapum Poepp. & Endl.
Phrynium exscapum Poepp. & Endl. = Calathea exscapa (Poepp. & Endl.) Ahumada
Phrynium laterale (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl.
Phrynium laterale (Ruiz & Pav.) Poepp. & Endl. = Calathea lateralis (Ruiz & Pav.)
Lindl.
Phrynium microcephalum Poepp. & Endl.
Phrynium microcephalum Poepp. & Endl. = Calathea microcephala (Poepp. & Endl.)
Körn.
Phrynium pachystachyum Poepp. & Endl.
Phrynium pachystachyum Poepp. & Endl. = Calathea pachystachya (Poepp. & Endl.)
Ahumada
Phrynium parkeri Rosc.
Phrynium parkeri Rosc. = Monotagma spicatum (Aubl.) J.F. Macbr.
Phrynium propinquum Poepp. & Endl.

Phrynium propinquum Poepp. & Endl. = Calathea propinqua (Poepp. & Endl.) Körn.
Phrynium velutinum Poepp. & Endl.
Phrynium velutinum Poepp. & Endl. = Calathea velutina (Poepp. & Endl.) Koern.
Phthirusa adunca (G. Meyer) Maguire
Phthirusa adunca (G. Meyer) Maguire = Phthirusa retroflexa (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuijt
Phthirusa guayanensis Eichler
Synonyms: Phthirusa guayanensis (Eichler) Baehni & J. F. Macbride, Phthirusa

guayanensis (Eichler) Baehni & J. F. Macbride, Phthirusa guayanensis Eichler,
Reference: Kuijt, pers. comm..
Phthirusa lucarquensis (Kunth) G. Don
Phthirusa lucarquensis (Kunth) G. Don = Struthanthus orbicularis (Kunth) Blume
$
Phthirusa micrantha Eichler
Phthirusa micrantha Eichler = Cladocolea micrantha (Eichler) Kuijt

Note: NN
Phthirusa orbicularis (Kunth) Rusby ex DeWildeman
Phthirusa orbicularis (Kunth) Rusby ex DeWildeman = Struthanthus orbicularis

(Kunth) Blume
Phthirusa paniculata (Kunth) J.F. Macbr.
Phthirusa paniculata (Kunth) J.F. Macbr. = Phthirusa retroflexa (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuijt
Phthirusa phaeoclados Eichler
Phthirusa phaeoclados Eichler = Phthirusa guayanensis Eichler
Reference: FP 1238: 414; Kuijt, pers. comm..

Note: NN
Phthirusa platyclada Ule
Phthirusa platyclada Ule = Phthirusa pyrifolia (Kunth) Eichler
Reference: FP 1238: 413; Kuijt, pers. comm..
Phthirusa polystachya Eichler

Phthirusa polystachya Eichler = Struthanthus eichleri Baehni & J. F. Macbride
Phthirusa pyrifolia (Kunth) Eichler
Phthirusa pyrifolia (Kunth) Eichler
Synonyms: Phthirusa pyrifolia (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr., Phthirusa pyrifolia

(Kunth) G. Don, Phthirusa pyrifolia (Ule) Baehni & J. F. Macbride, Phthirusa
pyrifolia J.F. Macbr., Phthirusa pyrifolia Kunth, Phthirusa pyrifolia Ule
Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas,
Note: Treated in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of Struthanthus pyrifolius.
Voucher: Lewis et al. 11686 (MO!)
San Martín.
Phthirusa pyrifolia var. terminalis J.F. Macbr.
Phthirusa pyrifolia var. terminalis J.F. Macbr. = Phthirusa pyrifolia (Kunth)

Eichler
Phthirusa retroflexa (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuijt
Phthirusa retroflexa (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuijt
Synonyms: Phthirusa retroflexa (G. Meyer) Maguire, Phthirusa retroflexa (Kunth)

J.F. Macbr., Phthirusa retroflexa (Meyer) G. Don, Phthirusa retroflexa (Ruiz &
Pav.) Blume, Phthirusa retroflexa (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Eichler, Phthirusa
retroflexa G. Meyer, Phthirusa retroflexa Kunth, Phthirusa retroflexa Kunth,
Phthirusa retroflexa Ruiz & Pav., Phthirusa retroflexa Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand,
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n. (MO!), Schunke 1521 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Phthirusa robusta Rusby
Phthirusa robusta Rusby

Ecology: Native parasitic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: terra firme forests. 0-2000
m.
Departments: Amazonas, Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín.
Phthirusa rufa (C. Martius) Eichler
Phthirusa rufa (C. Martius) Eichler
Synonyms: Phthirusa rufa (Mart.) J.F. Macbr., Phthirusa rufa Mart.

Reference: Kuijt, pers. comm..
Phthirusa santaremensis Eichler
Phthirusa santaremensis Eichler = Phthirusa guayanensis Eichler

Note: NN
Phthirusa theobromae (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Eichler
Phthirusa theobromae (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Eichler = Phthirusa retroflexa

(Ruiz & Pav.) Kuijt
$
Phyla betulaefolia (Kunth) Greene
Phyla betulaefolia (Kunth) Greene = Lippia betulaefolia Kunth
Reference: FP 1286: 648; Jansen-Jacobs, M. J., 1988: 51.
Phyla canescens (Kunth) Greene
Phyla canescens (Kunth) Greene = Lippia nodiflora (L.) Michx.
Phyla nodiflora var. canescens (Kunth) Moldenke
Phyla nodiflora var. canescens (Kunth) Moldenke = Lippia nodiflora (L.) Michx.
Phyla nodiflora var. longifolia Moldenke
Phyla nodiflora var. longifolia Moldenke = Lippia nodiflora (L.) Michx.
Phyla nodiflora var. reptans (Kunth) Moldenke
Phyla nodiflora var. reptans (Kunth) Moldenke = Lippia nodiflora (L.) Michx.
Reference: FP 1286: 651; López-Palacios, S., 1977: 493.
Phyla nodiflora var. rosea (D. Don) Moldenke

Phyla nodiflora var. rosea (D. Don) Moldenke = Lippia nodiflora (L.) Michx.
Phyla strigulosa (M. Martens & Galeotti) Moldenke
Phyla strigulosa (M. Martens & Galeotti) Moldenke = Lippia strigulosa M. Martens &
Galeotti
Phyla subterranea (Rusby) Moldenke
Phyla subterranea (Rusby) Moldenke = Lippia subterranea Rusby
Phyllactis convallarioides Schmale
Phyllactis convallarioides Schmale = Valeriana convallarioides (Schmale) B.B.

Larsen
Reference: FP 1378: 320; Eriksen, B., 1989: 14.
Phyllactis crassipes Wedd.
Phyllactis crassipes Wedd. = Belonanthus crassipes (Weddell) Graebn.
Phyllactis dorotheae Weberl.
Phyllactis dorotheae Weberl.

Reference: Larsen, B. B., 1986: 438.
Voucher: Weberling & Weberling 6532* (M)
Phyllactis hispida Wedd.
Phyllactis hispida Wedd. = Valeriana niphobia Briq.
Reference: FP 1378: 319; Eriksen, B., 1989: 13.
Phyllactis pulvinata Rauh & Willer
Phyllactis pulvinata Rauh & Willer
Reference: Seitz, W., 1976: 415; Larsen, B. B., 1986: 437.

Voucher: Rauh P2340* (HEID), Seitz F-130 (M)
Phyllactis rigida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Phyllactis rigida (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Synonyms: Phyllactis rigida Ruiz & Pav.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1378: 321; Larsen, B. B., 1986: 435; Eriksen, B., 1989: 11.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m.
Note: The type has not been relocated (Larsen, 1986). Treated by Eriksen (1989)
under Valeriana.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (illus. at MA), West 8151 (MO!)
Huánuco, Junín, La Libertad, San Martín.
Phyllactis spathulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Phyllactis spathulata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Belonanthus spathulatus (Ruiz Lopez &
Pavon) Schmale
Phyllactis tenuifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Phyllactis tenuifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Synonyms: Phyllactis tenuifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) B. B. Larsen, Phyllactis tenuifolia

Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1378: 321; Seitz, W., 1976: 415; Eriksen, B., 1989: 13.
Note: Accepted by Eriksen (1989) as a variety under Valeriana rigida.
Voucher: Dombey or [Ruiz & Pavón] s.n.* (MA), Woytkowski 5294 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, Puno.
Phyllanthus acuminatus Vahl
Phyllanthus acuminatus Vahl
Synonyms: Phyllanthus acuminatus Aubl., Phyllanthus acuminatus Sw.

Ecology: Native treelet. Amazonian: disturbed areas, riversides. 0-1000 m.
Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn.
Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn.
Phyllanthus anisolobus Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus anisolobus Müll. Arg.
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (G)
Phyllanthus antillanus (Jussieu) Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus antillanus (Jussieu) Müll. Arg. = Margaritaria nobilis L. f.
Phyllanthus brasiliensis (Aubl.) Poir.
Phyllanthus brasiliensis (Aubl.) Poir. = ?
Reference: FP 674: 38; Webster, pers. comm..
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter
Phyllanthus caroliniensis Walter

Phyllanthus ciliato-glandulosa Millsp.
Phyllanthus ciliato-glandulosa Millsp. = Andrachne ciliato-glandulosa (Millspaugh)

Croizat

Note: NN
Phyllanthus compressus Kunth

Phyllanthus compressus Kunth

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Phyllanthus conami Sw.
Phyllanthus conami Sw. = Phyllanthus acuminatus Vahl
Reference: FP 674: 38; Herrera, F. L., 1941: 289.
Phyllanthus congestus Benth. ex Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus congestus Benth. ex Müll. Arg. = Jablonskia congesta (Benth. ex

Müll. Arg.) G.L. Webster
Phyllanthus filiformis Pavon ex Baillon
Phyllanthus filiformis Pavon ex Baillon = Phyllanthus niruri L.
Phyllanthus fluitans Benth. ex Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus fluitans Benth. ex Müll. Arg.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Phyllanthus grandifolius L.
Phyllanthus grandifolius L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 39; Webster, pers. comm..

Phyllanthus graveolens Kunth
Phyllanthus graveolens Kunth

Voucher: Bonpland s.n.*
Phyllanthus huallagensis Standl. ex Croizat
Phyllanthus huallagensis Standl. ex Croizat

Voucher: Klug 4240* , Plowman 5441 (DAV)
Phyllanthus juglandifolius Willd.
Phyllanthus juglandifolius Willd.

$
Phyllanthus lacerilobus Croizat
Phyllanthus lacerilobus Croizat

Note: Not reconfirmed. Webster (pers. comm.) believes this is a synonym of the
introduced species P. pulcher.
Phyllanthus lathyroides Kunth
Phyllanthus lathyroides Kunth = Phyllanthus niruri L.
Phyllanthus mexiae Croizat
Phyllanthus mexiae Croizat

Phyllanthus niruri L.
Phyllanthus niruri L.
Synonyms: Phyllanthus niruri Kunth, Phyllanthus niruri Pavon ex Baillon

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 42; Webster, G. L., 1955: 52.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean I-II: forests, rocky slopes, shrublands. 500-
3000 m.
Voucher: Stevens 22090 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Loreto, San Martín.
$
Phyllanthus nobilis (L. f.) Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus nobilis (L. f.) Müll. Arg. = Margaritaria nobilis L. f.
Phyllanthus orbiculatus Richard
Phyllanthus orbiculatus Richard

Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Loreto, Piura.
Phyllanthus oxycladus Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus oxycladus Müll. Arg. = Phyllanthus pavonianus Baill.

Note: NN
Phyllanthus pavonianus Baill.
Phyllanthus pavonianus Baill.
Synonyms: Phyllanthus pavonianus Müll. Arg.

Phyllanthus piscatorum Kunth
Phyllanthus piscatorum Kunth
$
Phyllanthus poeppigianus (Muell. Arg.) Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus poeppigianus (Muell. Arg.) Müll. Arg.
Synonyms: Phyllanthus poeppigianus Müll. Arg.

Phyllanthus pseudo-conamii var. pubescens Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus pseudo-conamii var. pubescens Müll. Arg. = Phyllanthus

pseudoconamii Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus pseudoconamii Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus pseudoconamii Müll. Arg.
Synonyms: Phyllanthus pseudoconamii Müll. Arg.

Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* , Rimachi 4091 (MO!)
Phyllanthus racemigerus Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus racemigerus Müll. Arg.

$
Phyllanthus rubellus Müll. Arg.
Phyllanthus rubellus Müll. Arg. = Flueggea elliptica (Sprengel) Baill.
Reference: FP 674: 46; Webster, G. L., 1984: 278.

Note: NN
Phyllanthus salviifolius Kunth
Phyllanthus salviifolius Kunth

Phyllanthus stipulatus (Raf.) G.L. Webster
Phyllanthus stipulatus (Raf.) G.L. Webster
Synonyms: Phyllanthus stipulatus Raf.

Phyllanthus urinaria L.
Phyllanthus urinaria L.
Reference: Coode, M. J. E., 1982: 198.

Voucher: Spichiger & Encarnación 1223 (MO!)
Phyllanthus ventricosus G.L. Webster

Phyllanthus ventricosus G.L. Webster

Voucher: Mexia 6414* (MO)
Phyllanthus vincentae J.F. Macbr.
Phyllanthus vincentae J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Phyllobryon pavoni Miq.
Phyllobryon pavoni Miq. = Peperomia foliiflora Ruiz & Pav.
Phyllocactus phyllanthus (L.) Link
Phyllocactus phyllanthus (L.) Link = Epiphyllum phyllanthus (L.) Haw. var.

phyllanthus
Reference: Kimnach, M., 1964: 113; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 32; Hunt, D., 1992: 117.
Phyllocarpus riedelii Tul.
Phyllocarpus riedelii Tul.

Phyllodes inocephalum Kuntze
Phyllodes inocephalum Kuntze = Calathea inocephala (Kuntze) H.A. Kenn. & Nicolson
Phyllonoma integerrima (Turcz.) Loes.
Phyllonoma integerrima (Turcz.) Loes. = Phyllonoma ruscifolia Willdenow ex Schultes
Reference: FP 628: 1038; Mori, S. A. & J. A. Kallunki, 1977: 76.
Phyllonoma ruscifolia Willdenow ex Schultes
Phyllonoma ruscifolia Willdenow ex Schultes
Synonyms: Phyllonoma ruscifolia (Turcz.) Loes., Phyllonoma ruscifolia Kunth,

Phyllonoma ruscifolia Turcz.
Reference: Flora Peru: 628: 1038; Mori, S. A. & J. A. Kallunki, 1977: 76.
Ecology: Native shrub, treelet. Andean I: forests. 1000-1500 m.
Phyllonoma weberbaueri Engl.
Phyllonoma weberbaueri Engl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 628: 1038; Mori, S. A. & J. A. Kallunki, 1977: 82.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1322* (B photo F!), Dudley 10816 (MO!)
Departments: Puno.
$
Phylloscirpus acaulis (Phil.) Goetghebeur & D.A. Simpson
Phylloscirpus acaulis (Phil.) Goetghebeur & D.A. Simpson = Scirpus acaulis Phil.
Phyllostachys aurea Riviere & C. Riviere
Phyllostachys aurea Riviere & C. Riviere

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: McClure 21463 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.
Phyllostephanus andreanus Tiegh.
Phyllostephanus andreanus Tiegh. = Aetanthus andreanus (Tiegh.) Engl.
Phyodina cordifolia (Sw.) Rohweder
Phyodina cordifolia (Sw.) Rohweder = Callisia cordifolia (Sw.) E.S. Anderson &
Woodson
Physalis angulata L.
Physalis angulata L.
Synonyms: Physalis angulata Nees, Physalis angulata Nees

Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests, riversides.
0-1500 m.
Voucher: Sánchez s.n. (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Loreto,
Madre de Dios, Pasco, Piura, San Martín, Tumbes, Ucayali.
Physalis chenopodifolia Lam.
Physalis chenopodifolia Lam. = Physalis peruviana L.
Physalis daturaefolia Lam.
Physalis daturaefolia Lam. = Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn.
Physalis edulis Sims
Physalis edulis Sims = Physalis pubescens var. pubescens L.
Physalis esculenta Salisbury
Physalis esculenta Salisbury = Physalis peruviana L.
Physalis hygrophila Mart.
Physalis hygrophila Mart. = Physalis pubescens var. hygrophila (Mart.) Dunal
Physalis lagascae Roem. & Schult.

Physalis lagascae Roem. & Schult.
Physalis lanceifolia Nees
Physalis lanceifolia Nees = Physalis angulata L.
Physalis limensis Retz.
Physalis limensis Retz. = Exodeconus prostratus (L'Heritier) Raf.
Physalis linkiana Nees
Physalis linkiana Nees = Physalis angulata L.
Physalis nolanoides (Miers) A. DC.
Physalis nolanoides (Miers) A. DC. = Exodeconus prostratus (L'Heritier) Raf.
Reference: Axelius, pers. comm..
Physalis origanifolia (Lamarck)
Physalis origanifolia (Lamarck) = Salpichroa origanifolia (Lamarck) Baill.
Reference: Keel, S. H.-C. K., 1984: 76.

$
Physalis peruviana L.
Physalis peruviana L.
Synonyms: Physalis peruviana (L.) E. H. L. Krause, Physalis peruviana Lam.,

Physalis peruviana Medikus, Physalis peruviana Moench, Physalis peruviana Salisbury
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-4500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lambayeque, La Libertad,
Pasco.
Physalis prostrata L'Heritier
Physalis prostrata L'Heritier = Exodeconus prostratus (L'Heritier) Raf.
Physalis pubescens L.
Physalis pubescens L.
Physalis pubescens var.hygrophila (Mart.) Dunal
Physalis pubescens var. hygrophila (Mart.) Dunal
Synonyms: Physalis pubescens hygrophila Mart.

Physalis pubescens var.pubescens L.

Physalis pubescens var. pubescens L.
Synonyms: Physalis pubescens pubescens Medikus, Physalis pubescens pubescens

Moench, Physalis pubescens pubescens Sims
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests,
seasonally inundated areas, riversides. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Junín, Lambayeque, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Physalis spruceana Hunziker
Physalis spruceana Hunziker = Brachistus spruceanus (Hunziker) D'Arcy
Physalis subtriflora Ruiz & Pav.
Physalis subtriflora Ruiz & Pav. = Deprea subtriflora (Ruiz & Pav.) D'Arcy
Physalis tomentosa Medikus
Physalis tomentosa Medikus = Physalis peruviana L.
Physalis turbinata Medikus
Physalis turbinata Medikus = Physalis pubescens var. pubescens L.
Physalis viscosa L.
Physalis viscosa L.
Synonyms: Physalis viscosa Meunch, Physalis viscosa Rusby

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n. (MO!)
Physalodes peruviana Kuntze
Physalodes peruviana Kuntze = Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn.
Physaloides prostrata (L'Heritier) Moench
Physaloides prostrata (L'Heritier) Moench = Exodeconus prostratus (L'Heritier) Raf.
Physidium procumbens Schrad.
Physidium procumbens Schrad. = Angelonia procumbens Nees & Martius
Physinga prostrata Lindl.
Physinga prostrata Lindl. = Epidendrum prostratum (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Physocalymma floridum Pohl
Physocalymma floridum Pohl = Physocalymma scaberrimum Pohl

Physocalymma scaberrimum Pohl
Physocalymma scaberrimum Pohl
Synonyms: Physocalymma scaberrimum Poepp. & Endl., Physocalymma scaberrimum Pohl

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Junín, Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
Physosiphon emarginatus (Lindl.) Lindl.
Physosiphon emarginatus (Lindl.) Lindl. = Pleurothallis emarginata Lindl.
Physurus anchoriferus Schltr.
Physurus anchoriferus Schltr. = Erythrodes anchorifera (Schltr.) Garay
Physurus arietinus Rchb. f. & Warm.
Physurus arietinus Rchb. f. & Warm. = Erythrodes arietina (Rchb. f. & Warm.) Ames
Physurus bifalcis Lindl.

Physurus bifalcis Lindl. = Erythrodes rosea (Lindl.) Ames
Note: NN
Physurus boliviensis Cogn. apud O. Kuntze
Physurus boliviensis Cogn. apud O. Kuntze = Erythrodes boliviensis (Cogn.) Dodson &
M.W. Chase
Physurus claviger Rchb. f.
Physurus claviger Rchb. f. = Erythrodes clavigera (Reichenbach f.) Ames
Physurus foliosus (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
Physurus foliosus (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl. = Erythrodes foliosa (Poeppig &
Endlicher) Ames
Physurus hetaerioides Schltr.
Physurus hetaerioides Schltr. = Erythrodes major (C. Presl) Ames
Physurus juruensis Hoehne
Physurus juruensis Hoehne = Erythrodes stigmatoptera (Rchb. f.) Pabst

Physurus major (C. Presl) Schltr.
Physurus major (C. Presl) Schltr. = Erythrodes major (C. Presl) Ames
Physurus minor (C. Presl) Lindl.
Physurus minor (C. Presl) Lindl. = Erythrodes minor (C. Presl) Ames
Physurus mystacinus Rchb. f.
Physurus mystacinus Rchb. f. = Erythrodes mystacina (Rchb. f.) Ames
Physurus ovatus Lindl.
Physurus ovatus Lindl. = Erythrodes ovata (Lindley) Ames
Physurus paleaceus Schltr.
Physurus paleaceus Schltr. = Erythrodes paleacea (Schltr.) Ames

$
Physurus preslei Lindl.
Physurus preslei Lindl. = Erythrodes major (C. Presl) Ames
Physurus querceticola Lindl.
Physurus querceticola Lindl. = Erythrodes querceticola (Lindl.) Ames
Physurus repens (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
Physurus repens (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl. = Erythrodes repens (Poeppig & Endlicher)
Ames
Physurus roseus Lindl.
Physurus roseus Lindl. = Erythrodes rosea (Lindl.) Ames

Note: NN
Physurus santensis Kraenzl.
Physurus santensis Kraenzl. = Erythrodes stigmatoptera (Rchb. f.) Pabst
$
Physurus stenocentron Schltr.
Physurus stenocentron Schltr. = Erythrodes stenocentron (Schltr.) Ames
Physurus stigmatopterus Rchb. f.
Physurus stigmatopterus Rchb. f. = Erythrodes stigmatoptera (Rchb. f.) Pabst
Physurus validus Rolfe
Physurus validus Rolfe = Erythrodes valida (Rolfe) Ames
Physurus vescifer Rchb. f.
Physurus vescifer Rchb. f. = Erythrodes vescifera (Rchb. f.) Ames
Phytarrhiza lindenii (E. Morren) E. Morren ex Baker
Phytarrhiza lindenii (E. Morren) E. Morren ex Baker = Tillandsia cyanea Linden ex

K. Koch var. cyanea
Phytarrhiza purpurea E. Morren ex Baker

Phytarrhiza purpurea E. Morren ex Baker = Tillandsia purpurea Ruiz & Pav.
Phytarrhiza rubra (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) E. Morren ex Baker
Phytarrhiza rubra (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) E. Morren ex Baker = Vriesea rubra (Ruiz &
Pav.) Beer
Phytelephas macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Phytelephas macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Phytelephas macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav. subsp.macrocarpa
Phytelephas macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav. subsp. macrocarpa
Synonyms: Phytelephas macrocarpa macrocarpa (Ruiz & Pav.) Cook, Phytelephas

macrocarpa macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Gentry et al. 15937 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Loreto, San Martín.
Phytelephas macrocarpa subsp.tenui-caulis Barfod
Phytelephas macrocarpa subsp. tenui-caulis Barfod
Reference: Barfod, A. S., 1991: 62.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
$
Phytelephas microcarpa Ruiz & Pav.
Phytelephas microcarpa Ruiz & Pav. = Phytelephas macrocarpa Ruiz & Pav. subsp.
macrocarpa
Phytolacca australis Philippi
Phytolacca australis Philippi = Phytolacca bogotensis Kunth
Reference: FP 1261: 554; Nowicke, J. W., 1969: 317.
Phytolacca bogotensis Kunth
Phytolacca bogotensis Kunth
Synonyms: Phytolacca bogotensis Philippi

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, forests, riversides,
Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín.
Phytolacca dioica L.
Phytolacca dioica L.

Ecology: Native tree. Andean I, Coastal: forests, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-2000
m.
$
Phytolacca icosandra L.
Phytolacca icosandra L.

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, dry valleys, forests,
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Junín, Lima, Piura.
Phytolacca octandra L.
Phytolacca octandra L.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, rocky slopes,
Voucher: Ugent & Vargas 4432 (K!)
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, La Libertad.
Phytolacca rivinoides Kunth & Bouché
Phytolacca rivinoides Kunth & Bouché

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests on
white sand. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Robertson & Austin 78 (MO!)
Madre de Dios, Pasco, Puno, San Martín, Ucayali.
Phytolacca rugosa Braun & Bouché
Phytolacca rugosa Braun & Bouché

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed
areas. 0-3500 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Madre de Dios, Pasco.
Phytolacca sanguinea H. Walter
Phytolacca sanguinea H. Walter

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: riversides, forests. 3500-4000 m.
Note: Cited voucher is questionably determined.
Departments: Puno.
Phytolacca thyrsiflora Fenzl ex J. A. Schmidt
Phytolacca thyrsiflora Fenzl ex J. A. Schmidt

Voucher: Mathews 3118 (K!)
Phytolacca weberbaueri H. Walter
Phytolacca weberbaueri H. Walter

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests,
Voucher: Weberbauer 4817* (B photo F!), Hutchison & Bismarck 6349 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Lambayeque, Tumbes.
Piaropus crassipes (Mart.) Raf.
Piaropus crassipes (Mart.) Raf. = Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms

Reference: FP 1183: 609; Horn, C. N., 1987: 14.
Picramnia bullata W. Thomas
Picramnia bullata W. Thomas
Reference: Thomas, W. W., 1990: 171.

Ecology: Endemic treelet. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Thomas 6785* (MO!), Gentry et al. 54615 (MO)
Picramnia corallodendron Tul.
Picramnia corallodendron Tul. = Picramnia sphaerocarpa Planch.
Reference: FP 657: 696; Thomas, W. W., 1988: 103.
Picramnia corallodendron var.peruviana Engl.
Picramnia corallodendron var. peruviana Engl.

Note: Not known from Peru. Taxon not cited by Thomas (1988).
Picramnia eosina J.F. Macbr.
Picramnia eosina J.F. Macbr. = Picramnia latifolia Tul.
Reference: FP 657: 697; Thomas, W. W., 1988: 102; Pirani, J. R., 1990: 136.
Picramnia juniniana J.F. Macbr.

Picramnia juniniana J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 657: 697; Pirani, J. R., 1990: 144.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 26377* (F), Gentry 51116 (MO!)
Picramnia killipii J.F. Macbr.
Picramnia killipii J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 24170* (F), Macbride 4832 (F)
Picramnia krukovii A.C. Sm.
Picramnia krukovii A.C. Sm. = Picramnia sellowii subsp. spruceana (Engler) Pirani
Reference: FP 657: 698; Pirani, J. R., 1990: 134.
Picramnia kunthii Tul.
Picramnia kunthii Tul. = Picramnia sphaerocarpa Planch.
Reference: FP 657: 696; Thomas, W. W., 1988: 103.
Picramnia latifolia Tul.
Picramnia latifolia Tul.
Synonyms: Picramnia latifolia J.F. Macbr., Picramnia latifolia Klotzsch ex Engl.

Reference: Thomas, W. W., 1988: 102; Pirani, J. R., 1990: 136.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas. 0-1000 m.
Picramnia lineata J.F. Macbr.
Picramnia lineata J.F. Macbr. = Picramnia sellowii subsp. spruceana (Engler) Pirani
Picramnia macrostachys Klotzsch ex Engl.
Picramnia macrostachys Klotzsch ex Engl. = Picramnia latifolia Tul.
Reference: FP 657: 699; Thomas, W. W., 1988: 102; Pirani, J. R., 1990: 136.
Picramnia magnifolia J.F. Macbr.
Picramnia magnifolia J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Williams 1737* (F), Croat 19714 (MO!)
Picramnia martiniana J.F. Macbr.
Picramnia martiniana J.F. Macbr. = Picramnia sellowii subsp. spruceana (Engler)

Pirani
Picramnia pendula Tul.

Picramnia pendula Tul. = Picramnia sellowii subsp. sellowii

Note: NN
Picramnia schunkei J.F. Macbr.
Picramnia schunkei J.F. Macbr. = Picramnia sellowii subsp. spruceana (Engler)

Pirani
Picramnia sellowii Planch.
Picramnia sellowii Planch.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Pasco.
Picramnia sellowii subsp. sellowii
Picramnia sellowii subsp. sellowii = ?

Note: NN
Picramnia sellowii subsp.spruceana (Engler) Pirani
Picramnia sellowii subsp. spruceana (Engler) Pirani
Synonyms: Picramnia sellowii spruceana A.C. Sm., Picramnia sellowii spruceana

Engl., Picramnia sellowii spruceana J.F. Macbr., Picramnia sellowii spruceana J.F.
Macbr., Picramnia sellowii spruceana J.F. Macbr., Picramnia sellowii spruceana J.F.
Macbr.
Reference: Pirani, J. R., 1990: 132.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean II: seasonally inundated areas,
Departments: Ayacucho, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Picramnia sphaerocarpa Planch.
Picramnia sphaerocarpa Planch.
Synonyms: Picramnia sphaerocarpa Tul., Picramnia sphaerocarpa Tul.

Reference: Flora Peru: 657: 696; Thomas, W. W., 1988: 103.
Voucher: Haenke s.n. (P)
Picramnia spruceana Engl.
Picramnia spruceana Engl. = Picramnia sellowii subsp. spruceana (Engler) Pirani
Picramnia tenuis J.F. Macbr.
Picramnia tenuis J.F. Macbr.
Picrolemma huberi Ducke
Picrolemma huberi Ducke

Voucher: Huber MG 1471* (MG), Klug 2657 (F)
$
Picrolemma pseudocoffea Ducke
Picrolemma pseudocoffea Ducke = Picrolemma sprucei Hook. f.
Picrolemma sprucei Hook. f.
Picrolemma sprucei Hook. f.
Synonyms: Picrolemma sprucei Ducke

Picrosia longifolia D. Don
Picrosia longifolia D. Don
Synonyms: Picrosia longifolia (L.) Hill, Picrosia longifolia L.

Reference: Schulz, A. G., 1944: 497.
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua.
Pilea angustata Killip
Pilea angustata Killip

Note: Doubtfully occuring in Peru. Species is based upon a Grisar collection at P,
probably collected in Ecuador (Killip, 1936).
$
Pilea anomala Wedd.
Pilea anomala Wedd. = Pilea multiflora (Poir.) Wedd.
Pilea bassleriana Killip
Pilea bassleriana Killip

Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, rocky
slopes. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28471* (US), Mexia 6355 (MO!)
Pilea ceratocalyx Wedd.
Pilea ceratocalyx Wedd.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2000 m.
Note: Duplicates of Poeppig 3046 are variously labeled Peru and Brazil (Killip,
1939).
Pilea citriodora Wedd.
Pilea citriodora Wedd.
Synonyms: Pilea citriodora Killip, Pilea citriodora Pavon ex Weddell pro syn.
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub, vine. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 1500-3000
m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Gentry & Tredwell 37293 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín.
$
Pilea cordifolia Killip
Pilea cordifolia Killip = Pilea nerteroides Killip
Pilea costata Killip
Pilea costata Killip

Voucher: Killip & Smith 25638* (US), Smith 3673 (MO!)
Pilea cushiensis Killip
Pilea cushiensis Killip

Pilea dauciodora var. crenata Wedd.
Pilea dauciodora var. crenata Wedd. = Pilea fendleri Killip
Pilea dauciodora var. pilosula Wedd.

Pilea dauciodora var. pilosula Wedd. = Pilea fendleri Killip
Pilea dauciodora var. uncidens (Wedd.) Wedd.
Pilea dauciodora var. uncidens (Wedd.) Wedd. = Pilea dauciodora Wedd.
Pilea dauciodora Wedd.
Synonyms: Pilea dauciodora (Wedd.) Wedd., Pilea dauciodora Ruiz & Pav. ex Wedd.,
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1000-4000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Smith et al. 9035 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Puno.
Pilea delicatula Killip
Pilea delicatula Killip

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Pilea dendrophila Miq.
Pilea dendrophila Miq. = Pilea imparifolia Wedd.

$
Pilea diversifolia Wedd.
Pilea diversifolia Wedd.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides. 1000-3500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Smith 4389 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, San
Martín.
Pilea dombeyana Wedd.
Pilea dombeyana Wedd.
Synonyms: Pilea dombeyana Killip

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Macbride 3289 (F)
Pilea fendleri Killip
Pilea fendleri Killip
Synonyms: Pilea fendleri Killip hom. illeg., Pilea fendleri Poepp. ex Wedd., Pilea
fendleri Wedd., Pilea fendleri Wedd.
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Loreto.
Pilea foliosa Killip
Pilea foliosa Killip

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 1000-3500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 24400* (MO!), Smith & Pretel 7621 (MO!)
Pilea globosa Wedd.
Pilea globosa Wedd. = Pilea serpyllacea (Kunth) Liebm.
Pilea haenkei Killip
Pilea haenkei Killip

Ecology: Endemic herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, riversides.
0-2000 m.
Voucher: Haenke 1870* (PR), Smith & Alban 5491 (MO!)
Pilea herrerae Mildbraed ex Herrera nom nud.
Pilea herrerae Mildbraed ex Herrera nom nud. = Pilea nutans Wedd.
Pilea hirsuta Wedd.
Pilea hirsuta Wedd.
Synonyms: Pilea hirsuta Pavon ex Weddell pro syn.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!)
$
Pilea hyalina Fenzl
Pilea hyalina Fenzl
Synonyms: Pilea hyalina Poepp. ex Fenzl

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I: disturbed areas. 500-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín, San Martín.
Pilea imparifolia Wedd.
Pilea imparifolia Wedd.
Synonyms: Pilea imparifolia Miq.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Gentry & Emmons 39569 (MO!)
Pilea lamioides Wedd.
Pilea lamioides Wedd.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P), Macbride 5910 (US)
Departments: Lima.
Pilea leptophylla Killip hom. illeg.
Pilea leptophylla Killip hom. illeg. = Pilea fendleri Killip

$
Pilea macbridei Killip
Pilea macbridei Killip

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, rocky slopes.
2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Macbride 5179* (F), Gentry & Smith 35955 (MO!)
Pilea macrocystolithica Killip
Pilea macrocystolithica Killip

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-
2000 m.
Voucher: Haenke 1860* (PR), Smith & Brack 5334 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.
Pilea marginata Wedd.
Pilea marginata Wedd.
Synonyms: Pilea marginata Poepp. ex Wedd.

Voucher: Poeppig 1088* (P), Maas et al. 4566 (MO!)
Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm.
Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm.
Synonyms: Pilea microphylla L., Pilea microphylla Lindl.

Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed
areas, riversides, rocky slopes. 0-3500 m.
Martín.
Pilea minutiflora Krause
Pilea minutiflora Krause

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, elfin forests, forests. 500-
3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2027* (B), Smith 7781 (MO!)
Departments: Junín, Pasco, Puno.
Pilea multiflora (Poir.) Wedd.
Pilea multiflora (Poir.) Wedd.
Synonyms: Pilea multiflora Poir., Pilea multiflora Wedd.

Voucher: Jussieu s.n.* (P photo F!), Foster 9186 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, Puno.
Pilea muscosa Lindl.
Pilea muscosa Lindl. = Pilea microphylla (L.) Liebm.
Pilea nerteroides Killip
Pilea nerteroides Killip

Synonyms: Pilea nerteroides Killip
Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Pilea nitida Wedd.
Pilea nitida Wedd.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Dombey [or Ruiz & Pavón ?] s.n.* (P), Hutchison & Wright 5085 (MO!)
Pilea nummularifolia (Sw.) Wedd.
Pilea nummularifolia (Sw.) Wedd.
Pilea nummulariifolia (Sw.) Wedd. var.nummulariifolia
Pilea nummulariifolia (Sw.) Wedd. var. nummulariifolia
Synonyms: Pilea nummulariifolia nummulariifolia Sw.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: shrublands. 0-500 m.
Pilea nummulariifolia var.klugii Killip
Pilea nummulariifolia var. klugii Killip

Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m.
Pilea nutans Wedd.
Pilea nutans Wedd.
Synonyms: Pilea nutans Mildbraed ex Herrera nom nud., Pilea nutans Poepp. ex Wedd.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, forests,
Voucher: Poeppig 1565* (B photo F!), Peyton & Peyton 1378 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, Puno.
Pilea orbiculata Killip
Pilea orbiculata Killip = Pilea dombeyana Wedd.
Pilea pavonii Wedd.
Pilea pavonii Wedd.
Synonyms: Pilea pavonii Pavon ex Weddell pro syn.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Macbride 4075 (F)
Pilea pichisana Killip
Pilea pichisana Killip

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Pilea poeppigiana Wedd.
Pilea poeppigiana Wedd.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (P), Killip & Smith 25826 (F)
Pilea ptericlada Donn. Sm.
Pilea ptericlada Donn. Sm.

Departments: Pasco.
Pilea pubescens Liebm.
Pilea pubescens Liebm.

Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests,
Departments: Cajamarca, Loreto, San Martín.
Pilea pulegifolia (Poir.) Wedd.

Pilea pulegifolia (Poir.) Wedd.
Synonyms: Pilea pulegifolia Poir.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 2000-
4000 m.
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (P photo F!), Peyton & Peyton 760 (MO!)
Pilea punctata (Kunth) Wedd.
Pilea punctata (Kunth) Wedd.
Synonyms: Pilea punctata Kunth

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P photo F!), Woytkowski 6876 (MO!)
Pilea pusilla K. Krause
Pilea pusilla K. Krause

Voucher: Weberbauer 2023* (B), Woytkowski 34498 (MO!)
Pilea ramosissima Killip
Pilea ramosissima Killip

Ecology: Endemic aquatic or terrestrial herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2000-3500
m.
Voucher: Macbride 3650* (US), Gentry et al. 39963 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco.
$
Pilea repens var. strigosa (Wedd.) Wedd.
Pilea repens var. strigosa (Wedd.) Wedd. = Pilea strigosa Wedd.
Pilea serpyllacea (Kunth) Liebm.
Pilea serpyllacea (Kunth) Liebm.
Synonyms: Pilea serpyllacea (Kunth) Wedd., Pilea serpyllacea Blume, Pilea

serpyllacea Kunth, Pilea serpyllacea Kunth, Pilea serpyllacea Wedd., Pilea
serpyllacea Weddell hom. illeg.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands.
1000-4000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* , Stevens 22085 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, La
Libertad, Piura.
Pilea serpyllacea (Kunth) Wedd.
Pilea serpyllacea (Kunth) Wedd. = Pilea serpyllacea (Kunth) Liebm.
Pilea spruceana Wedd.
Pilea spruceana Wedd.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, riversides, rocky
slopes. 500-3500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4376* (G photo F!), Vásquez 3880 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, San Martín.
$
Pilea strigosa Wedd.
Pilea strigosa Wedd.
Synonyms: Pilea strigosa (Wedd.) Wedd.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Mathews 2031* (P), Killip & Smith 28835 (US)
Pilea subamplexicaulis Killip
Pilea subamplexicaulis Killip

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Ule 6588* (B), Williams 7425 (US)
Pilea subcrenata Weddell hom. illeg.
Pilea subcrenata Weddell hom. illeg. = Pilea serpyllacea (Kunth) Liebm.
Pilea submissa Wedd.
Pilea submissa Wedd.

Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I:
disturbed areas, forests. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4155* (K), Vásquez et al. 3097 (MO!)
$
Pilea suffruticosa K. Krause
Pilea suffruticosa K. Krause

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Pilea tarmensis Killip
Pilea tarmensis Killip = Pilea citriodora Wedd.
Pilea thymifolia Blume
Pilea thymifolia Blume = Pilea serpyllacea (Kunth) Liebm.
Pilea uncidens Wedd.
Pilea uncidens Wedd. = Pilea dauciodora Wedd.
Pilea verrucosa Killip
Pilea verrucosa Killip

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Pilea weberbaueri Killip
Pilea weberbaueri Killip

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Pilocarpus peruvianus (J.F. Macbr.) Kaastra
Pilocarpus peruvianus (J.F. Macbr.) Kaastra
Synonyms: Pilocarpus peruvianus J.F. Macbr.

Pilocarpus spicatus A. St. Hil. ex DC.
Pilocarpus spicatus A. St. Hil. ex DC.
Pilocarpus spicatus var. peruvianus J.F. Macbr.
Pilocarpus spicatus var. peruvianus J.F. Macbr. = Pilocarpus peruvianus (J.F.

Macbr.) Kaastra
$
Pilocarpus spicatus var.spicatus
Pilocarpus spicatus var. spicatus

Pilocereus celsianus Lem. ex Salm-Dyck
Pilocereus celsianus Lem. ex Salm-Dyck = Oreocereus celsianus (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck)

Riccob.
Reference: Riccobono, V., 1909: 259; Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 171;
Ritter, F., 1980: 696.
Pilocereus dautwitzii F. Haage
Pilocereus dautwitzii F. Haage = Espostoa lanata (Kunth) Britton & Rose
1981: 1437.
Pilocereus gironensis Rauh & Backeb.
Pilocereus gironensis Rauh & Backeb. = Pilosocereus tweedyanus (Britton & Rose)
Byles & G.D. Rowley
Pilocereus lanatus (Kunth) A. Weber
Pilocereus lanatus (Kunth) A. Weber = Espostoa lanata (Kunth) Britton & Rose
Reference: Britton, N. L. & J. N. Rose, 1920: 61; Ritter, F., 1981: 1437; Madsen,
J. E., 1989: 37.
$
Pilocereus macrostibas K. Schum.
Pilocereus macrostibas K. Schum. = Neoraimondia arequipensis (Meyen) Backeb.
Pilosella mandonii Sch. Bip.
Pilosella mandonii Sch. Bip. = Hieracium mandonii (Sch. Bip.) Arvet Touvet
Reference: Zahn, K. H., 1923: 1139.
Pilosocereus tuberculosus Rauh & Backeb.
Pilosocereus tuberculosus Rauh & Backeb. = Pilosocereus tuberculosus Rauh & Backeb.
ex Byles & G.D. Rowley
Reference: Backeberg, C., 1956: 34; Byles, R. S. & G. D. Rowley, 1957: 69; Rauh,
W., 1958: 511.
Pilosocereus tuberculosus Rauh & Backeb. ex Byles & G.D. Rowley
Pilosocereus tuberculosus Rauh & Backeb. ex Byles & G.D. Rowley
Synonyms: Pilosocereus tuberculosus Rauh & Backeb.

Reference: Byles, R. S. & G. D. Rowley, 1957: 69; Hunt, D., 1992: 119.
Ecology: Endemic Erect, branched cactus. Coastal: rocky slopes. 500-1000 m.
Note: Accepted provisionally by Hunt (1992). Not treated by Ritter (1981).
Pilosocereus tweedyanus (Britton & Rose) Byles & G.D. Rowley

Pilosocereus tweedyanus (Britton & Rose) Byles & G.D. Rowley
Synonyms: Pilosocereus tweedyanus Britton & Rose, Pilosocereus tweedyanus Rauh &
Backeb.
Reference: Byles, R. S. & G. D. Rowley, 1957: 69; Rauh, W., 1958: 509; Hunt, D.,
1992: 119.
Ecology: Native Erect, branched cactus. Andean I, Coastal: shrublands. 500-1500 m.
Voucher: Ritter 280 (U)
Departments: Piura.
Pilumna fragrans Lindl.
Pilumna fragrans Lindl. = Trichopilia fragrans var. fragrans
Pilumna laxa Lindl.
Pilumna laxa Lindl. = Trichopilia laxa (Lindley) Rchb. f.
Pimentelia glomerata Wedd.
Pimentelia glomerata Wedd.

Voucher: Weddell s.n.* (B photo F), Smith 2721 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco, Puno.
Pimpinella domingensis Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.
Pimpinella domingensis Willd. ex Roem. & Schult. = Ciclospermum leptophyllum var.

leptophyllum

$
Pimpinella leptophylla Pers.
Pimpinella leptophylla Pers. = Ciclospermum leptophyllum var. leptophyllum
Reference: FP 1293: 11; Constance, L., 1990: 277.
Pineda incana Ruiz & Pav.
Pineda incana Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Pineda incana (Ruiz & Pav.) Benth., Pineda incana Benth., Pineda incana
C. Presl, Pineda incana Hieron.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B), Hutchison & Tovar 4195 (MO!)
Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco.
Pineda lehmannii Hieron.
Pineda lehmannii Hieron. = Pineda incana Ruiz & Pav.
Pineda lindenii Turcz.
Pineda lindenii Turcz. = Pleuranthodendron lindenii (Turcz.) Sleumer
Pinguicula calyptrata Kunth

Pinguicula calyptrata Kunth
Reference: Taylor, P., 1975: 10.

Note: Not listed as occurring in Peru by Casper (1966: 114). Listed by Taylor
(1975: 10) as known from Peru but no specimens seen at Kew (Zarucchi, pers. comm.).
Pinguicula involuta Ruiz & Pav.
Pinguicula involuta Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Casper, S. J., 1966: 117.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: bogs, grasslands. 2500-3500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (GH photo K!), Wurdack 1836 (K!)
Pinus caribaea Morelet
Pinus caribaea Morelet
Pinzona coriacea Mart. & Zuccagni
Pinzona coriacea Mart. & Zuccagni

Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Klug 645 (US)
Pionandra coriacea Miers
Pionandra coriacea Miers = Cyphomandra obliqua (R. & P.) Sendtner
Reference: FP 1349: 13; Bohs, L., 1986: 149.

$
Pionandra obliqua (R. & P.) Miers
Pionandra obliqua (R. & P.) Miers = Cyphomandra obliqua (R. & P.) Sendtner
Pionandra pendula (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers
Pionandra pendula (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers = Cyphomandra pendula (Ruiz & Pav.) Sendtn.
Pionandra viridiflora (R. & P.) Miers
Pionandra viridiflora (R. & P.) Miers = Cyphomandra viridiflora (Ruiz & Pav.)
Sendtner
Piper abditum Trel.
Piper abditum Trel.

Piper achromatolepis Trel.
Piper achromatolepis Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Williams 4244* (F), Killip & Smith 27254 (ILL)
Piper acreanum C. DC.
Piper acreanum C. DC.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ule 9294* (B)
Piper acuminatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Piper acuminatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Peperomia acuminata Ruiz & Pav.
Piper acutifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Piper acutifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Piper acutifolium var.acutifolium
Piper acutifolium var. acutifolium
Synonyms: Piper acutifolium acutifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth, Piper acutifolium
acutifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* , Sagástegui et al. 12411 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco.
$
Piper acutifolium var.stuebelii Trel.
Piper acutifolium var. stuebelii Trel.

Voucher: Stuebel 69* (B), Stuebel 21
Piper acutifolium var. subverbascifolium C. DC.
Piper acutifolium var. subverbascifolium C. DC. = Piper verbascifolium (Miq.) C.

DC.
Piper acutulum Trel.
Piper acutulum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper admirabile Yunck.
Piper admirabile Yunck.

$
Piper adreptum Trel.
Piper adreptum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper aduncum L.
Piper aduncum L.
Synonyms: Piper aduncum, Piper aduncum (Vahl) Kunth, Piper aduncum (Vahl) Miq.,
Piper aduncum D. Dietr., Piper aduncum Ruiz & Pav., Piper aduncum Trel., Piper
aduncum Trel., Piper aduncum Trel., Piper aduncum Trel.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas,
forests, lomas, riversides. 0-3000 m.
Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Piura, San Martín, Ucayali.
Piper aegrum Trel.
Piper aegrum Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper aequale Vahl
Piper aequale Vahl
Reference: Tebbs, M. C., 1990: 211.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, disturbed areas. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 9602 (NY!), van der Werff et al. 9883 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín,
Ucayali.
Piper affictum Trel.
Piper affictum Trel.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 28581* (US), Croat 58021 (MO!, USM!)
Piper afflictum Trel.
Piper afflictum Trel.

Piper aggregatum Bergius
Piper aggregatum Bergius = ?
Piper alatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper alatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia alata Ruiz & Pav.
$
Piper albertsmithii Trel. & Yunck.
Piper albertsmithii Trel. & Yunck. = Piper veraguense C. DC.
Piper albiciliatum Yunck.
Piper albiciliatum Yunck.

Voucher: Woytkowski 1377* (US)
Piper albogranulatum Trel.
Piper albogranulatum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper albopapillatum Trel.
Piper albopapillatum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith s.n.* (US)
$
Piper aleyreanum C. DC.
Piper aleyreanum C. DC.

Voucher: Ule 9274* , Gentry & Young 32049 (USM!)
Piper allardii Yunck.
Piper allardii Yunck.

Voucher: Allard 20425* (US)
Piper alveolatum Opiz in Presl
Piper alveolatum Opiz in Presl
Synonyms: Piper alveolatum (Opiz in Presl) Miq.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Pennell 14014
Departments: Huánuco, Cuzco.
Piper amalago var.amalago
Piper amalago var. amalago
Piper amalago var.medium (Jacq.) Yunck.

Piper amalago var. medium (Jacq.) Yunck.
Synonyms: Piper amalago medium Jacq.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Croat 51108 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Loreto, San Martín.
Piper amalgo Miq.
Piper amalgo Miq.
Piper amazonicum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper amazonicum (Miq.) C. DC. = Piper coruscans Kunth
Piper amnigaudens Trel.
Piper amnigaudens Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper amphitrichum Trel.
Piper amphitrichum Trel.

$
Piper anastylum Trel.
Piper anastylum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper andicola Kunth
Piper andicola Kunth = Piper barbatum var. andicolum (Kunth) Trel. & Yunck.
Piper andreanum C. DC.
Piper andreanum C. DC.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II: riversides. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui 9412 (NY!)
Piper angustifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Piper angustifolium Ruiz & Pav. = Piper aduncum L.
Piper anonaefolium var. rigidulum C. DC.

Piper anonaefolium var. rigidulum C. DC. = Piper durvilleanum (Miquel) Trel.
Piper anonymum Trel.
Piper anonymum Trel.

Voucher: Poeppig 73* (P)
Piper apodum Trel.
Piper apodum Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Piper appendiculatum (Benth.) C. DC.
Piper appendiculatum (Benth.) C. DC.

Piper apurimacanum Trel.
Piper apurimacanum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper apus Trel.
Piper apus Trel.

Piper araneatum Trel.
Piper araneatum Trel.

Piper arboreum Aubl.
Piper arboreum Aubl.
Piper arboreum Aubl. subsp.arboreum
Piper arboreum Aubl. subsp. arboreum
Synonyms: Piper arboreum arboreum Trel.

Reference: Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 371; Tebbs, M. C., 1989: 151;
Callejas, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests on
white sand, seasonally inundated areas, semi-deciduous forests. 0-3000 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San
Martín.
Piper arboreum subsp.tuberculatum (Jacq.) Tebbs
Piper arboreum subsp. tuberculatum (Jacq.) Tebbs
Synonyms: Piper arboreum tuberculatum (Jacq.) Kunth, Piper arboreum tuberculatum

(Jacq.) Miq., Piper arboreum tuberculatum Jacq., Piper arboreum tuberculatum Trel.
Reference: Tebbs, M. C., 1989: 156; Callejas, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally
Voucher: Simpson & Schunke 529 (NY!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Lambayeque, Loreto, San Martín,
Tumbes, Ucayali.
Piper arboreum var.hirtellum Yunck.
Piper arboreum var. hirtellum Yunck.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Barbour 5079 (NY!, USM!)
Piper archidonense Trel.
Piper archidonense Trel.

$
Piper arcuatum Opiz in Presl
Piper arcuatum Opiz in Presl = Piper opizianum Fuernr.
Piper arduum Trel.
Piper arduum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper areolatum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper areolatum (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper areolatum Miq.

Piper argentamenteum Trel. & Yunck.
Piper argentamenteum Trel. & Yunck.

$
Piper armatum Trel. & Yunck.
Piper armatum Trel. & Yunck.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 0-2500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
Piper aromaticum Willd.
Piper aromaticum Willd. = Peperomia inaequalifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Piper arrectispicum Trel.
Piper arrectispicum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper arreptum Trel.
Piper arreptum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Piper ascendentispicum Trel.
Piper ascendentispicum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper asclepiadifolium Trel.
Piper asclepiadifolium Trel.

Piper asperifolium Opiz in Presl
Piper asperifolium Opiz in Presl = Piper opizii (Kunth) Steud.
Piper asperifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Piper asperifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper asperifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth, Piper asperifolium (Ruiz & Pav.)
Miq.
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tovar et al. 1483 (USM!), Tovar et al. 1483 (USM!)
$
Piper asperrimicaule Trel.
Piper asperrimicaule Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper asplundii Yunck.
Piper asplundii Yunck.
Reference: 0026638, : 166.

Piper asterocarpum Trel.
Piper asterocarpum Trel.

Voucher: Type in Herb. Endlicher, Vienna, according to Macbride, 1936.
Piper asterotrichum C. DC.
Piper asterotrichum C. DC.
Piper asterotrichum var.asterotrichum
Piper asterotrichum var. asterotrichum

Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Piper asterotrichum var.yessupense Trel.
Piper asterotrichum var. yessupense Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper atroglandulosum Tebbs
Piper atroglandulosum Tebbs
Synonyms: Piper atroglandulosum (Kunth) Miq., Piper atroglandulosum Kunth, Piper

atroglandulosum Ruiz & Pav.
Voucher: Mathews 1692 (K), Salick 7186
Piper attenuatamentum Trel.
Piper attenuatamentum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper augustum Rudge

Piper augustum Rudge
Synonyms: Piper augustum Trel., Piper augustum Trel.

Reference: Callajas, pers. comm..
Voucher: Vásquez et al. 2126 (NY!), Mathias 6006 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Piper auristellanum C. DC.
Piper auristellanum C. DC. = Piper dumosum Rudge
Piper azupizuanum Trel.
Piper azupizuanum Trel.

Piper balsapuertanum Trel.
Piper balsapuertanum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper barbatum Kunth

Piper barbatum Kunth
Piper barbatum var.andicolum (Kunth) Trel. & Yunck.
Piper barbatum var. andicolum (Kunth) Trel. & Yunck.
Synonyms: Piper barbatum andicolum Kunth

Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca.
Piper barbatum var.barbatum
Piper barbatum var. barbatum

Voucher: López & Sagástegui 7649 (NY!)
Piper barbicuspe Trel.
Piper barbicuspe Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 253* (F), McDaniel 16145 (USM!)
Piper barbulantherum Trel.
Piper barbulantherum Trel.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Departments: Piura.
Piper bartlingianum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper bartlingianum (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper bartlingianum Miq.

Voucher: Vásquez et al. 2157 (NY!)
Piper basellaefolium (Kunth) Poir.
Piper basellaefolium (Kunth) Poir. = Peperomia acuminata Ruiz & Pav.
1974: 82.
Piper bellidifolium Yunck.
Piper bellidifolium Yunck.
Piper bermudezense Trel.
Piper bermudezense Trel. = Piper augustum Rudge
$
Piper biauritum C. DC.
Piper biauritum C. DC.
Piper bicolor Yunck.
Piper bicolor Yunck. = Piper magnificum Trel.
Reference: Schwarz, O., 1961: 100; Callejas, pers. comm..
Piper biseriatum C. DC.
Piper biseriatum C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper biseriatum Trel.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Ancuash 513
Piper blandum Jacq.
Piper blandum Jacq. = Peperomia blanda (Jacq.) Kunth
Piper brachystachyum Vahl
Piper brachystachyum Vahl = Peperomia filiformis Ruiz & Pav.
Piper brachytrichum Trel.

Piper brachytrichum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper brasiliensis C. DC.
Piper brasiliensis C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper brasiliensis Trel.

Voucher: Foster et al. 8983 (USM!)
Piper brevestrigillosum Trel.
Piper brevestrigillosum Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Piper brevipedunculum Trel.
Piper brevipedunculum Trel. = Piper formosum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper brevispicatum Opiz in Presl

Piper brevispicatum Opiz in Presl

Piper brevispicum C. DC.
Piper brevispicum C. DC.

Voucher: Díaz et al. 1015 (NY!)
Piper brongniartii (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper brongniartii (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper brongniartii Miq.

Voucher: Syntypes Dombey 927* , Dombey 907*
Piper caballocochanum Trel.
Piper caballocochanum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Piper cahuapanasense Trel.
Piper cahuapanasense Trel. = Piper casapiense (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper cajamarcanum Yunck.
Piper cajamarcanum Yunck.

Piper calamistratum Trel.
Piper calamistratum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper callcanense Trel.
Piper callcanense Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
$
Piper callosum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper callosum Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper callosum (Klotzsch in Miquel) C. DC., Piper callosum (Ruiz & Pav.)
Kunth, Piper callosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq., Piper callosum C. DC., Piper callosum
Klotzsch in Miquel
Reference: Flora Peru: 1216: 143; Yuncker, T. G., 1972: 37.
Voucher: Gentry & Young 31782 (NY!), Mathias 3587 (MO!)
Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Piper callosum var. franciscoanum C. DC.
Piper callosum var. franciscoanum C. DC. = Piper callosum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper calvescentinerve Trel.
Piper calvescentinerve Trel.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 26248* (US), Schunke 5829 (NY!)
Piper calvibaccum Trel.
Piper calvibaccum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 1804* (F), Schunke 413 (F)
$
Piper camphoriferum C. DC.
Piper camphoriferum C. DC.

Voucher: Gilg 37*
Piper campii Yunck.
Piper campii Yunck.
Piper canescenticaule Trel.
Piper canescenticaule Trel.
Piper canescenticaule var. canescenticaule
Piper canescenticaule var. canescenticaule = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper canescenticaule var. expansum Trel.
Piper canescenticaule var. expansum Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper capillistipes Trel.

Piper capillistipes Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper caracasanum Opiz in Presl
Piper caracasanum Opiz in Presl = Piper controversum Steud.
Piper carpapatanum Trel.
Piper carpapatanum Trel. = Piper lhotzkyanum Kunth
Piper carpunya Ruiz & Pav.
Piper carpunya Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper carpunya (Miq.) C. DC., Piper carpunya (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth, Piper
carpunya (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq., Piper carpunya C. DC., Piper carpunya Miq., Piper
carpunya Trel.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1216: 146; Tebbs, M. C., 1990: 208.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: seasonally inundated areas. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (F), Young & Eisenberg 348 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín.
Piper carrapanum Trel.
Piper carrapanum Trel.

$
Piper carrapanum var.carrapanum
Piper carrapanum var. carrapanum

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper carrapanum var. lancifolium Trel.
Piper carrapanum var. lancifolium Trel. = Piper formosum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper carrilloanum C. DC.
Piper carrilloanum C. DC. = Piper schiedeanum Steud.
Piper casapiense (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper casapiense (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper casapiense Miq., Piper casapiense Trel., Piper casapiense Trel.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1216: 146; Callejas, pers. comm..
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín,
Ucayali.
Piper cassinoides Opiz in Presl

Piper cassinoides Opiz in Presl
Synonyms: Piper cassinoides (Opiz in Presl) Miq.

Piper caucaense Yunck.
Piper caucaense Yunck.

Piper celer Trel.
Piper celer Trel.

Piper celsum Trel.
Piper celsum Trel.
Synonyms: Piper celsum Trel., Piper celsum Trel., Piper celsum Trel.
Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 23907* (US), Killip & Smith 29830 (US)
$
Piper cernuum Vell.
Piper cernuum Vell.

Piper chalhuapuquianum Trel.
Piper chalhuapuquianum Trel.

Voucher: Stevens 104* (ILL), Stevens 106
Piper chanchamayanum Trel.
Piper chanchamayanum Trel.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 22634 (NY!), Schunke 1595 (F)
Piper chavicoide (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper chavicoide (Miq.) C. DC.
$
Piper chromatolepis Trel.
Piper chromatolepis Trel.

Piper chrysoneurum Trel.
Piper chrysoneurum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper churumayu Ruiz & Pav.
Piper churumayu Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper churumayu (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth, Piper churumayu (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Dombey s/n.
Piper cinereonervosum Trel.
Piper cinereonervosum Trel. = Piper celsum Trel.
$
Piper cinereoramulum Trel.
Piper cinereoramulum Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper cingens C. DC.
Piper cingens C. DC.
Piper ciniflonis Trel.
Piper ciniflonis Trel.

Piper circumspectantis Trel.
Piper circumspectantis Trel. = Piper brasiliensis C. DC.
Piper cirratum Trel.
Piper cirratum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Piper cispontinum Trel.
Piper cispontinum Trel.

Piper claudicans Trel.
Piper claudicans Trel. = Piper arboreum Aubl. subsp. arboreum
Piper claudii C. DC.
Piper claudii C. DC.

Piper coactaepilum Trel.
Piper coactaepilum Trel. = Piper coruscans Kunth
Piper cocherense Trel.

Piper cocherense Trel. = Piper carpunya Ruiz & Pav.
Piper comasense Trel.
Piper comasense Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6615* (F, MOL!)
Piper concavum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper concavum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia concava Ruiz & Pav.
Piper concinnatoris Yunck.
Piper concinnatoris Yunck.

Voucher: Dominguez 54 (NY!)
Piper concinnum Haw.
Piper concinnum Haw. = Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth
1972: 95.
$
Piper concretiflorum C. DC.
Piper concretiflorum C. DC.
Piper conditum Trel.
Piper conditum Trel.
Piper conditum var.angustum Trel.
Piper conditum var. angustum Trel.

Piper conditum var.conditum
Piper conditum var. conditum

Piper confusionis Trel.
Piper confusionis Trel. = Piper obtusilimbum C. DC.

Piper conispicum Trel.
Piper conispicum Trel.

Piper constipatispicum Trel.
Piper constipatispicum Trel.
Piper constipatispicum var. constipatispicum
Piper constipatispicum var. constipatispicum = Piper mite Ruiz & Pav.
Piper constipatispicum var. lanosum Trel.
Piper constipatispicum var. lanosum Trel. = Piper mite Ruiz & Pav.
Piper constipatispicum var. tonsum Trel.
Piper constipatispicum var. tonsum Trel. = Piper mite Ruiz & Pav.

$
Piper contamanum Trel.
Piper contamanum Trel. = Piper glabratum Kunth
Piper controversum Steud.
Piper controversum Steud.
Synonyms: Piper controversum Opiz in Presl

Voucher: Syntypes Haenke s.n.* (B), Haenke 71* (W)
Piper cordatum C. DC.
Piper cordatum C. DC.

Ecology. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Spruce 7229* (NY!), Gentry et al. 22879 (NY!)
Piper correptum Trel.
Piper correptum Trel. = Piper rusbyi C. DC.
Piper coruscans Kunth

Piper coruscans Kunth
Synonyms: Piper coruscans (Kunth) C. DC., Piper coruscans (Kunth) Miq., Piper
coruscans (Miq.) C. DC., Piper coruscans Kunth, Piper coruscans Miq., Piper
coruscans Trel., Piper coruscans Trel., Piper coruscans Trel.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1216: 216; Tebbs, M. C., 1990: 232; Callejas, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, riversides,
Voucher: Foster & Wachter 7336 (MO, USM!), Ayala et al. 3127 (MO!)
Pasco, San Martín.
Piper costatum C. DC.
Piper costatum C. DC.

Ecology: Endemic herb, liana, shrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 500-2500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Madre de Dios, Puno, San
Martín.
Piper crassamentum Trel.
Piper crassamentum Trel. = Piper crassinervium Kunth
Piper crassinervium Kunth
Piper crassinervium Kunth
Synonyms: Piper crassinervium, Piper crassinervium Trel., Piper crassinervium

Trel., Piper crassinervium Trel.
Reference: Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 43; Yuncker, T. G., 1972: 39;
Steyermark, J. A., 1984: 384.
Voucher: Gentry et al. 27917 (NY!), Mathias 5912 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco,
Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper crocatum (R. & P.) Kunth, Piper crocatum (R. & P.) Miq.
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (B)
Piper cryptopodon C. DC.
Piper cryptopodon C. DC.
Piper crystallinum (R. & P.) Vahl
Piper crystallinum (R. & P.) Vahl = Peperomia crystallina Ruiz & Pav.
Piper cumanense Kunth
Piper cumanense Kunth
Synonyms: Piper cumanense Kunth

Reference: Steyermark, J. A., 1984: 587; Callejas, pers. comm..
Voucher: Wachter et al. 215 (NY!, USM!)
$
Piper cumbasonum C. DC.
Piper cumbasonum C. DC.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ule 6826* , Williams 5793 (F)
Piper cupreatum var.cupreatum
Piper cupreatum var. cupreatum

Voucher: Killip & Smith 28509* (US!), Ferreyra 7838 (USM!)
Piper cupreatum var.longum Trel.
Piper cupreatum var. longum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper curvatum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper curvatum Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper curvatum (R. & P.) Miq.

$
Piper daedalum Trel.
Piper daedalum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper dasyoura (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper dasyoura (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper dasyoura Miq., Piper dasyoura Yunck.

Ecology: Endemic shrub, subshrub. Andean II: forests. 2500-3500 m.
Piper dasypodum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper dasypodum (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper dasypodum Miq.

Voucher: Mathews 1702* (photo NY!), Schunke 6262 (NY!)
Piper delatum Trel.
Piper delatum Trel. = Piper rusbyi C. DC.

$
Piper delineatum Trel.
Piper delineatum Trel.
Piper demeraranum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper demeraranum (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper demeraranum Miq.

Piper demoratum Trel.
Piper demoratum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper dendropse Trel.
Piper dendropse Trel. = Piper glabratum Kunth
Piper dennisii Trel.

Piper dennisii Trel.

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29137 (NY!), Wurdack 1975 (NY!)
Piper densiciliatum Yunck.
Piper densiciliatum Yunck.
Piper dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper dependens (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia dependens Ruiz & Pav.
Piper desultorium Trel.
Piper desultorium Trel.

Piper dichotomum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper dichotomum Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper dichotomum (Ruiz & Pav.) Klotzsch in Miquel

$
Piper dilatatum Rich.
Piper dilatatum Rich.

Piper dimetrale C. DC.
Piper dimetrale C. DC.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Departments: Puno.
Piper dispansum Trel.
Piper dispansum Trel. = Piper heterophyllum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper distachyon L.
Piper distachyon L. = Peperomia distachya (L.) A. Dietr.
Piper divaricatum G. Mey.

Piper divaricatum G. Mey.
Synonyms: Piper divaricatum Trel.

Reference: Tebbs, M. C., 1990: 200; Callejas, pers. comm.8.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: riversides. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Díaz 636 (NY!)
Piper diversipilum Trel.
Piper diversipilum Trel.

Piper dogotense C. DC.
Piper dogotense C. DC.
Piper dolabriforme (Kunth) Poir.
Piper dolabriforme (Kunth) Poir. = Peperomia dolabriformis var. dolabriformis
Piper dryadum C. DC.
Piper dryadum C. DC.
$
Piper dulce Trel.
Piper dulce Trel.

Piper dumosum Rudge
Piper dumosum Rudge
Synonyms: Piper dumosum C. DC., Piper dumosum C. DC., Piper dumosum Trel., Piper
dumosum Trel., Piper dumosum Trel.
Voucher: Gentry & Vásquez 42380 (NY!), Vasquez & Jaramillo 9895 (MO!)
Piper durvilleanum (Miquel) Trel.
Piper durvilleanum (Miquel) Trel.
Synonyms: Piper durvilleanum C. DC., Piper durvilleanum Miq.

Piper ecallosum Trel.
Piper ecallosum Trel.

Voucher: Mathews 1147* (W)
Piper ecuadorense Sodiro
Piper ecuadorense Sodiro

Piper edurum Trel.
Piper edurum Trel.

Piper elongatifolium Trel.
Piper elongatifolium Trel. = Piper aduncum L.
Piper elongatum Vahl
Piper elongatum Vahl
Piper elongatum var. elongatum

Piper elongatum var. elongatum = Piper aduncum L.
Piper elongatum var.mocco-mocco Trel.
Piper elongatum var. mocco-mocco Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Herrera 1551* , Tovar 1912 (USM!)
Piper elongatum var. pampayacusum Trel.
Piper elongatum var. pampayacusum Trel. = Piper aduncum L.
Piper elongatum var.salviaefolium (Miq.) Trel.
Piper elongatum var. salviaefolium (Miq.) Trel.
Synonyms: Piper elongatum salviaefolium (Miq.) C. DC., Piper elongatum

salviaefolium Miq.
Voucher: Dombey 934*
Piper emarginatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper emarginatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia obtusifolia var. emarginata (Ruiz
& Pav.) Dahlst.

$
Piper emarginellum Sw. ex Wikström
Piper emarginellum Sw. ex Wikström = Peperomia emarginella (Sw. ex

Wikström) C. DC.
Piper enckea (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper enckea (Miq.) C. DC.

Piper endlicherianum (Miquel) Trel.
Piper endlicherianum (Miquel) Trel.
Synonyms: Piper endlicherianum Miq.

Piper enenyasense Trel.
Piper enenyasense Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
$
Piper epunctatum Trel.
Piper epunctatum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper escaleranum C. DC.
Piper escaleranum C. DC.

Voucher: Ule 6827 (NY!)
Piper euryphyllum Trel.
Piper euryphyllum Trel.

Note: nom. illeg. NN The type cited in the Flora of Peru is another species,
probably undescribed (Callejas, pers. comm.).
Piper evingeri Yunck.
Piper evingeri Yunck.
Reference: 0026638, : 165.

Voucher: Evinger 448* (US), Schunke 6209 (NY!)
Piper excavatum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper excavatum Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper excavatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.

Piper excessum Trel.
Piper excessum Trel.

Piper excultum Trel.
Piper excultum Trel. = Piper lanceifolium Kunth
Piper expolitum Trel.
Piper expolitum Trel.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Williams 3590* (F), Killip & Smith 27228 (NY!)
Piper externum Trel.
Piper externum Trel.
Piper factum Trel.
Piper factum Trel.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Piper faecatum Trel.
Piper faecatum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper fagifolium Trel.
Piper fagifolium Trel.

$
Piper falanense Trel. & Yunck.
Piper falanense Trel. & Yunck.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Revilla 1238 (NY!)
Piper falcatum A. Dietr.
Piper falcatum A. Dietr. = Piper opizianum Fuernr.
Piper ferreyrae Yunck.
Piper ferreyrae Yunck.
Reference: 0026638, : 165.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Piper ferruginispicum Trel.
Piper ferruginispicum Trel. = Piper celsum Trel.
Piper foliiflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper foliiflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia foliiflora Ruiz & Pav.
Piper formosum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper formosum (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper formosum Miq., Piper formosum Trel., Piper formosum Trel., Piper
formosum Trel.
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco.
Piper fortalezanum Trel.
Piper fortalezanum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Williams 4351* (F), Killip & Smith 26281 (ILL)
Piper franciscanum Trel.
Piper franciscanum Trel.

Piper fulgentifolium Yunck.
Piper fulgentifolium Yunck.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper fulvescenticaule Trel.
Piper fulvescenticaule Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper fuscispicum Trel.
Piper fuscispicum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Mexia 6352a* (UC)
Piper gilvescens Trel.
Piper gilvescens Trel.

Piper gilvibaccum Trel.

Piper gilvibaccum Trel.

Piper glabellum Sw.
Piper glabellum Sw. = Peperomia glabella (Sw.) A. Dietr.
Piper glaberrimicaule Trel.
Piper glaberrimicaule Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper glabratum Kunth
Piper glabratum Kunth
Synonyms: Piper glabratum Trel., Piper glabratum Trel., Piper glabratum Trel.,
Piper glabratum Trel.
Voucher: Foster 8723 (NY!, USM!)
Piper glabribaccum Trel.
Piper glabribaccum Trel.

Piper glabrius Trel.
Piper glabrius Trel.
Synonyms: Piper glabrius Miq.

Piper glaucescens Jacq.
Piper glaucescens Jacq. = Piper unguiculatum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper gracile Ruiz & Pav.
Piper gracile Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper gracile (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Mathews 1695
Departments: Huánuco, Amazonas.
Piper granuligerum Trel.
Piper granuligerum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper granulosum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper granulosum Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper granulosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.

Piper gratum Trel.
Piper gratum Trel.
Piper gratum var.gratum
Piper gratum var. gratum

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29785* (US), Smith 725 (NY!)
Piper gratum var.ingratum Trel.
Piper gratum var. ingratum Trel.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 206* (NY!), Díaz et al. 423 (NY!)
Piper griseocaule Trel.
Piper griseocaule Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper griseovenosum Trel.
Piper griseovenosum Trel. = Piper obtusilimbum C. DC.
Piper griseum C. DC.
Piper griseum C. DC.

Voucher: Poeppig 1737* (W), Poeppig D1737*
Piper guianense (Klotzsch) C. DC.
Piper guianense (Klotzsch) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper guianense Klotzsch

Voucher: Revilla 1165 (NY!)
Piper heptandrum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper heptandrum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper heptandrum var.crassispicum Trel.
Piper heptandrum var. crassispicum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (MA)
Piper heptandrum var.heptandrum
Piper heptandrum var. heptandrum
Synonyms: Piper heptandrum heptandrum Miq.

Piper herrerae Trel.
Piper herrerae Trel.

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Herrera s.n.* (NY)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Piper heterocarpum Trel.
Piper heterocarpum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper heteromallum Pers.
Piper heteromallum Pers. = Piper secundum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper heterophyllum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper heterophyllum Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper heterophyllum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth, Piper heterophyllum (Ruiz &
Pav.) Miq., Piper heterophyllum Miq., Piper heterophyllum Ruiz & Pav., Piper
heterophyllum Trel., Piper heterophyllum Trel.
Ecology: Endemic shrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: riversides. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Wachter et al. 204 (NY!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San
Martín.
Piper heterostachyon (A. Dietr.) D. Dietr.
Piper heterostachyon (A. Dietr.) D. Dietr. = Peperomia heterostachya A. Dietr.
$
Piper hillianum C. DC.
Piper hillianum C. DC.
Piper hirsutum var. magnifolium C. DC.
Piper hirsutum var. magnifolium C. DC. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper hispidulum Sw.
Piper hispidulum Sw. = Peperomia hispidula (Sw.) A. Dietr.
Piper hispidum Sw.
Piper hispidum Sw.
Piper hispidum var.hispidum Sw.
Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Synonyms: Piper hispidum hispidum Ruiz & Pav., Piper hispidum hispidum Trel., Piper
hispidum hispidum Trel., Piper hispidum hispidum Trel., Piper hispidum hispidum
Trel., Piper hispidum hispidum Trel., Piper hispidum hispidum Trel., Piper hispidum
hispidum Trel., Piper hispidum hispidum Trel., Piper hispidum hispidum Trel., Piper
hispidum hispidum Trel., Piper hispidum hispidum Trel., Piper hispidum hispidum
Trel., Piper hispidum hispidum Trel., Piper hispidum hispidum Trel., Piper hispidum
hispidum Trel., Piper hispidum var. hispidum, Piper hispidum var. hispidum (C. DC.)
C. DC., Piper hispidum var. hispidum (Trel.) Yunck., Piper hispidum var. hispidum
C. DC., Piper hispidum var. hispidum C. DC., Piper hispidum var. hispidum Trel.
Ecology: Native herb, liana, shrub, subshrub, tree, vine. Amazonian, Andean I:
Voucher: Gentry 29016 (NY!)
Piper hispidum var.lanceolatum Trel. & Yunck.
Piper hispidum var. lanceolatum Trel. & Yunck.

Piper hispidum var. magnifolium (C. DC.) C. DC.
Piper hispidum var. magnifolium (C. DC.) C. DC. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper hispidum var. trachydermum (Trel.) Yunck.
Piper hispidum var. trachydermum (Trel.) Yunck. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper hookerianum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper hookerianum (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper hookerianum Miq.

$
Piper hostmannianum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper hostmannianum (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper hostmannianum Miq.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Lleras et al. P17112 (MO!)
Piper huacachianum Trel.
Piper huacachianum Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Piper huacapistanum Trel.
Piper huacapistanum Trel.

Voucher: Stevens 77* (ILL), Stevens 79 (ILL)
Piper huallaganum Trel.
Piper huallaganum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper huantanum Trel.
Piper huantanum Trel. = ?
Piper huantanum var.elongatum Trel.
Piper huantanum var. elongatum Trel.

Piper huantanum var.huantanum
Piper huantanum var. huantanum

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín, San Martín, Ucayali.
Piper huanucanum Trel.
Piper huanucanum Trel. = Piper glabratum Kunth
Piper ictum Trel.

Piper ictum Trel. = Piper lhotzkyanum Kunth
Piper illautum Trel.
Piper illautum Trel.

Voucher: Gay 1003*
Piper immite Trel.
Piper immite Trel.

Piper immutatum Trel.
Piper immutatum Trel.
Synonyms: Piper immutatum Trel., Piper immutatum Trel. & Yunck., Piper immutatum
Yunck.
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 28536* (US), Croat 58009 (NY!)
Ucayali.
Piper inaequalifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl

Piper inaequalifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia inaequalifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Piper inauspicatum Trel.
Piper inauspicatum Trel.
Piper incitum Trel.
Piper incitum Trel. = Piper lhotzkyanum Kunth
Piper incomptum Trel.
Piper incomptum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper indecorum Kunth
Piper indecorum Kunth
Synonyms: Piper indecorum C. DC., Piper indecorum Kunth, Piper indecorum Miq.
Voucher: Poeppig 2353B , Poeppig 1463
$
Piper indianonum Trel.
Piper indianonum Trel.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Mexia 6396* (UC), Mexia 6441 (NY!)
Piper indiciflexum Trel.
Piper indiciflexum Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Piper interitum Trel.
Piper interitum Trel.

Piper intonsum Trel.
Piper intonsum Trel.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 5445* (F), Williams 6829 (ILL)
$
Piper iquitosense Trel.
Piper iquitosense Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Williams 1432* (F), Rimachi 2191 (NY!, USM!)
Piper itayanum Trel.
Piper itayanum Trel.
Piper itayanum var.antoniense Trel.
Piper itayanum var. antoniense Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29450* (US), Killip & Smith 27324 (ILL)
Piper itayanum var.itayanum
Piper itayanum var. itayanum

$
Piper itayanum var.pichisense Trel.
Piper itayanum var. pichisense Trel.

Piper itayanum var.sanjuanum Trel.
Piper itayanum var. sanjuanum Trel.

Piper jaculifolium Trel.
Piper jaculifolium Trel. = Piper lhotzkyanum Kunth
Piper kanehiranum Trel.
Piper kanehiranum Trel.

Voucher: Kanehira 14* (F)
Piper kimpitirikianum Trel.

Piper kimpitirikianum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper klugianum Trel.
Piper klugianum Trel.

Piper klugii Yunck.
Piper klugii Yunck.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Piper laevigatum Kunth
Piper laevigatum Kunth

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Young 137 (NY!)
Martín, Ucayali.
$
Piper lagenaebaccum Trel.
Piper lagenaebaccum Trel.

Departments: Junín, Loreto, Pasco, Ucayali.
Piper lamasense Trel.
Piper lamasense Trel.

Piper lanceifolium Kunth
Piper lanceifolium Kunth
Synonyms: Piper lanceifolium (Kunth) Kunth, Piper lanceifolium (Kunth) Miq., Piper
lanceifolium Trel., Piper lanceifolium Trel.
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto,
San Martín.
Piper lanceolatum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper lanceolatum Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper lanceolatum Kunth, Piper lanceolatum Miq.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests on white sand. 0-2000 m.
Martín, Ucayali.
Piper lanceolatum var. mucronatum C. DC.
Piper lanceolatum var. mucronatum C. DC. = Piper rugosibaccum Trel.
Piper lanosicaule Trel.
Piper lanosicaule Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Piper late-ovatum Trel.
Piper late-ovatum Trel.

Ecology: Endemic 1000-1500 m.
Piper lateovatum Trel.
Piper lateovatum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper laurifolium Kunth
Piper laurifolium Kunth = Piper laurinum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper laurinum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper laurinum Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper laurinum Kunth, Piper laurinum Kunth, Piper laurinum Miq.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 654* (B), Bonpland 161
Piper lechlerianum C. DC.
Piper lechlerianum C. DC.

Departments: Puno.
Piper lehmannianum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper lehmannianum (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper lehmannianum (Miq.) C. DC., Piper lehmannianum Miq.

Martín.
Piper lenticellosum C. DC.
Piper lenticellosum C. DC. = Piper carpunya Ruiz & Pav.
Piper lessertianum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper lessertianum (Miq.) C. DC. = Piper carpunya Ruiz & Pav.
Piper leticianum C. DC.
Piper leticianum C. DC.
Piper leticianum C. DC. var.leticianum
Piper leticianum C. DC. var. leticianum
Piper leticianum var.tessmannii Trel.

Piper leticianum var. tessmannii Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. This may represent a new
species, yet to be described (Callejas, pers. comm.).
Piper leucofustum Trel.
Piper leucofustum Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper leucophaeocaule Trel.
Piper leucophaeocaule Trel.

Piper leucophaeum Trel.
Piper leucophaeum Trel.

Piper lhotzkyanum Kunth

Piper lhotzkyanum Kunth
Synonyms: Piper lhotzkyanum Trel., Piper lhotzkyanum Trel., Piper lhotzkyanum

Trel., Piper lhotzkyanum Trel., Piper lhotzkyanum Trel.
Ecology: Native herb, tree. Andean I-II: forests. 500-2000 m.
Piper ligatispicum Trel.
Piper ligatispicum Trel. = Piper obliquum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper lineatum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper lineatum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper lineatum var.cordulatum Trel.
Piper lineatum var. cordulatum Trel.

Voucher: Mathews 1691* (K), Nordenskjold & Rospigliosi 147
Piper lineatum var. hirtipetiolatum Trel.
Piper lineatum var. hirtipetiolatum Trel. = Piper aduncum L.
$
Piper lineatum var. leucolepidum Trel.
Piper lineatum var. leucolepidum Trel. = Piper lanceifolium Kunth
Piper lineatum var.lineatum
Piper lineatum var. lineatum
Synonyms: Piper lineatum lineatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth, Piper lineatum lineatum
(Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Piper lineolatifolium Trel. & Yunck.
Piper lineolatifolium Trel. & Yunck.

Piper llatanum Trel.
Piper llatanum Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
$
Piper longeacuminatum Trel.
Piper longeacuminatum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Schunke A90* (US)
Piper longegerminatum Trel.
Piper longegerminatum Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper longestamineum Trel.
Piper longestamineum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper longestylosum C. DC.
Piper longestylosum C. DC.
Piper longicaudatum Trel. & Yunck.
Piper longicaudatum Trel. & Yunck.

Voucher: Rimachi 2637 (NY!, USM!)
Piper longifilamentosum Trel.
Piper longifilamentosum Trel. = Piper celsum Trel.
Piper longifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Piper longifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper longifolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth, Piper longifolium (Ruiz & Pav.)
Miq., Piper longifolium C. DC., Piper longifolium C. DC., Piper longifolium C. DC.,
Piper longifolium Trel.
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Madre de Dios, San
Martín.
Piper longifolium var. pilosum C. DC.
Piper longifolium var. pilosum C. DC. = Piper longifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Piper loretoanum Trel.
Piper loretoanum Trel.

Piper macbrideanum Trel.
Piper macbrideanum Trel.

Piper macerispicum Trel. & Yunck.
Piper macerispicum Trel. & Yunck.

Voucher: Vásquez & Jaramillo 3442 (USM!)
Piper machupicchuense Trel.
Piper machupicchuense Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Herrera 2006* (F)
Departments: Cuzco.
Piper macrorhynchon (Miquel) C. DC.
Piper macrorhynchon (Miquel) C. DC.

$
Piper macrostachyon Vahl
Piper macrostachyon Vahl = Peperomia macrostachya var. macrostachya
Piper macrotrichon C. DC.
Piper macrotrichon C. DC.

Piper magnificum (Linden) Gentil
Piper magnificum (Linden) Gentil = Piper magnificum Trel.
Reference: Schwarz, O., 1961: 100.
Piper magnificum Trel.
Piper magnificum Trel.
Synonyms: Piper magnificum (Linden) Gentil, Piper magnificum Fourn., Piper

magnificum Linden, Piper magnificum Yunck.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-
1000 m.
$
Piper magnoliifolium Jacq.
Piper magnoliifolium Jacq. = Peperomia magnoliifolia (Jacq.) A. Dietr.
Piper malifolium Trel.
Piper malifolium Trel.
Piper malifolium var.malifolium
Piper malifolium var. malifolium

Piper malifolium var.mercedanum Trel.
Piper malifolium var. mercedanum Trel.

Piper mansericheanum Trel.
Piper mansericheanum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper maranyonense Trel.
Piper maranyonense Trel.
Synonyms: Piper maranyonense Trel. & Yunck.

Voucher: Vásquez et al. 4310 (NY!)
Piper marcescentispicum Trel.
Piper marcescentispicum Trel. = Piper dumosum Rudge
Piper marequitense C. DC.
Piper marequitense C. DC.

Departments: Cuzco.
Piper margaritatum Trel.
Piper margaritatum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper marsupiiferum Trel.
Piper marsupiiferum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper martinense Trel.
Piper martinense Trel.

Piper masiseanum Trel.
Piper masiseanum Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper mathewsii C. DC.
Piper mathewsii C. DC.

Piper maynasianum C. DC.
Piper maynasianum C. DC. = Piper indecorum Kunth
Piper mazamariense Yunck.
Piper mazamariense Yunck.

Piper mediocre C. DC.
Piper mediocre C. DC.

Piper medium Jacq.
Piper medium Jacq. = Piper amalago var. medium (Jacq.) Yunck.
Piper melendezense Trel.

Piper melendezense Trel. = Piper rusbyi C. DC.
Piper mellibracteaum Trel.
Piper mellibracteaum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper meraense Trel. & Yunck.
Piper meraense Trel. & Yunck. = Piper immutatum Trel.
Piper mercedense Trel.
Piper mercedense Trel.

Piper mikaniaefolium Trel.
Piper mikaniaefolium Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper mishuyacuense Trel.
Piper mishuyacuense Trel.

Piper mite Ruiz & Pav.
Piper mite Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper mite, Piper mite (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq., Piper mite Trel., Piper mite
Trel.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavon s.n.* , Young 935 (NY!)
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, Ucayali.
Piper mitifolium Trel.
Piper mitifolium Trel.

Piper mituense Trel. & Yunck.

Piper mituense Trel. & Yunck.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Piper moccomocco Trel.
Piper moccomocco Trel.
Piper moccomocco var.angustum Trel.
Piper moccomocco var. angustum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Piper moccomocco var.moccomocco
Piper moccomocco var. moccomocco

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Herrera 954* (B)
Departments: Cuzco.
Piper moense C. DC.
Piper moense C. DC.

Piper mohomoho C. DC.
Piper mohomoho C. DC.

Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Piper monostachyum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper monostachyum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia monostachya Ruiz & Pav.
Piper monostigmum C. DC.
Piper monostigmum C. DC.

Piper monzonense C. DC.
Piper monzonense C. DC.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3429* (USM!), Woytkowski 7630 (USM!)
$
Piper morator Trel.
Piper morator Trel. = Piper lhotzkyanum Kunth
Piper moyobambanum Trel.
Piper moyobambanum Trel.

Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K), Mathews 3225
Piper multimammosum Trel.
Piper multimammosum Trel.
Piper multimammosum var.glabratum Yunck.
Piper multimammosum var. glabratum Yunck.

Piper multimammosum var.multimammosum
Piper multimammosum var. multimammosum

Piper multiplinervium C. DC.
Piper multiplinervium C. DC.
Reference: Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 84; Tebbs, M. C., 1989: 180.
Voucher: Gentry & Young 31822 (NY!)
Piper multitudinis Trel.
Piper multitudinis Trel.
Synonyms: Piper multitudinis Trel.
Piper multitudinis var. latum Trel.
Piper multitudinis var. latum Trel. = Piper multitudinis Trel.
Piper munchanum Trel.
Piper munchanum Trel.
Piper munchanum var.latum Trel.
Piper munchanum var. latum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper munchanum var. magnifolium C. DC.
Piper munchanum var. magnifolium C. DC. = Piper longifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Piper mundum Trel.
Piper mundum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper munyanum Trel.
Piper munyanum Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Piper musteum Trel.
Piper musteum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper nanayanum Trel.
Piper nanayanum Trel.

Piper nasutum Trel.
Piper nasutum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper neglectum Trel.
Piper neglectum Trel.

Voucher: Poeppig D1949* (W), Poeppig s.n.
$
Piper nemorosum Vahl
Piper nemorosum Vahl = Peperomia acuminata Ruiz & Pav.
1974: 82.
Piper nigropunctatum C. DC.
Piper nigropunctatum C. DC.
Piper nigropunctatum var. franciscoanum C. DC.
Piper nigropunctatum var. franciscoanum C. DC. = Piper dumosum Rudge
Piper nudilimbum C. DC.
Piper nudilimbum C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper nudilimbum (C. DC.) Killip, Smith & Trelease, Piper nudilimbum
Trel.
Voucher: Ule 9281* (B), Foster 9248 (NY!, USM!)
Martín, Ucayali.
Piper nummularifolium Sw.
Piper nummularifolium Sw. = Peperomia rotundifolia (L.) Dahlst.
$
Piper nuncupatum Trel.
Piper nuncupatum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Piper obesum M. Vahl
Piper obesum M. Vahl
Synonyms: Piper obesum (M. Vahl) Miq.

Piper obliquum Pers.
Piper obliquum Pers. = Peperomia obliqua Ruiz & Pav.
Piper obliquum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper obliquum Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper obliquum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth, Piper obliquum D. Dietr., Piper
obliquum Miq., Piper obliquum Trel., Piper obliquum Trel., Piper obliquum Trel.,
Piper obliquum Trel., Piper obliquum Yunck.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1216: 197; Tebbs, M. C., 1989: 129.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, riversides. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* , Schunke 10389 (NY!)

Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios,
Piper obliquum var. puberulidrupum Yunck.
Piper obliquum var. puberulidrupum Yunck. = Piper obliquum Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: , : 165.
Piper oblongatifolium Trel.
Piper oblongatifolium Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper oblongatilimbum Trel.
Piper oblongatilimbum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper oblongatum Opiz in Presl
Piper oblongatum Opiz in Presl
Synonyms: Piper oblongatum (Opiz in Presl) Miq., Piper oblongatum (Opiz in Presl)
Presl
Voucher: Mexia 8173 (NY!)
Piper oblongum Kunth
Piper oblongum Kunth

Departments: Cuzco.
Piper obovatifolium Trel.
Piper obovatifolium Trel.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 28980* (NY!), Killip & Smith 28096 (NY!)
Piper obovatum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper obovatum Ruiz & Pav. = Piper atroglandulosum Tebbs
Piper obtusifolium L.
Piper obtusifolium L. = Peperomia obtusifolia (L.) A. Dietr. var. obtusifolia
$
Piper obtusilimbum C. DC.
Piper obtusilimbum C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper obtusilimbum Trel., Piper obtusilimbum Trel.

Piper oculatispicum Trel.
Piper oculatispicum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper offensum Trel.
Piper offensum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper ollantaitambanum Trel.
Piper ollantaitambanum Trel.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 558* (NY!)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Piper opizianum (A. Dietr.) D. Dietr.
Piper opizianum (A. Dietr.) D. Dietr. = Peperomia opiziana A. Dietr.
Piper opizianum Fuernr.
Piper opizianum Fuernr.
Synonyms: Piper opizianum A. Dietr., Piper opizianum Opiz in Presl

Piper opizii (Kunth) Steud.
Piper opizii (Kunth) Steud.
Synonyms: Piper opizii (Kunth) Miq., Piper opizii Kunth, Piper opizii Opiz in Presl
Piper ornithorhynchum Trel.
Piper ornithorhynchum Trel.

$
Piper ostii Trel.
Piper ostii Trel.

Voucher: Mexia 6152* (UC), Kujikat 350 (NY!)
Piper ovantherum C. DC.
Piper ovantherum C. DC.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ule 9279* , Tessmann 3862
Piper paganicum Trel.
Piper paganicum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper pallididorsum Trel.
Piper pallididorsum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper paludosum C. DC.
Piper paludosum C. DC.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper pangoense C. DC.
Piper pangoense C. DC. = Piper reticulatum var. reticulatum
Piper papillicaule Trel. & Yunck.
Piper papillicaule Trel. & Yunck.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests, rocky slopes. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Croat 21061 (NY!)
Piper papillipetiolatum Trel.
Piper papillipetiolatum Trel. = Piper rusbyi C. DC.
$
Piper paraguassuanum C. DC.
Piper paraguassuanum C. DC.

Piper paraisense Trel.
Piper paraisense Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper paralaevigatum Trel.
Piper paralaevigatum Trel.

Voucher: Poeppig 1 (P)
Piper paranapuranum Trel.
Piper paranapuranum Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper parcepilosum Trel.

Piper parcepilosum Trel. = Piper pavonii (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper parvicordulatum Trel.
Piper parvicordulatum Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Piper patens Opiz in Presl
Piper patens Opiz in Presl

Piper patentifolium Trel.
Piper patentifolium Trel.

Voucher: Stevens 136* (ILL), Stevens 148 (ILL)
Piper paucartamboanum Trel.

Piper paucartamboanum Trel.

Piper paulianifolium Trel.
Piper paulianifolium Trel.
Synonyms: Piper paulianifolium Miq.

Piper pavonii (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper pavonii (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper pavonii Miq., Piper pavonii Trel., Piper pavonii Trel.
Ecology. 0-3500 m.
Voucher: Mathews 793* (K), Dombey 936
Piper pebasense Trel.
Piper pebasense Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Piper pellucidum L.
Piper pellucidum L. = Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth
Piper peltaphyllum C. DC.
Piper peltaphyllum C. DC. = Piper veraguense C. DC.
Piper peltaphyllum var. lasvueltasanum C. DC.
Piper peltaphyllum var. lasvueltasanum C. DC. = Piper veraguense C. DC.
Piper peltatum L.
Piper peltatum L.
Synonyms: Piper peltatum (L.) Kunth, Piper peltatum (L.) Miq., Piper peltatum Trel.
Voucher: Young & Sullivan 688 (NY!)
de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Piper peltatum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper peltatum Ruiz & Pav. = Piper umbellatum L.

Note: nom. illeg.
Piper peltobryon C. DC.
Piper peltobryon C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper peltobryon Klotzsch in Miquel

Voucher: Meyen 150* (B)
Piper perareolatum C. DC.
Piper perareolatum C. DC.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2195* , Weberbauer 4340
Piper perenense Trel.
Piper perenense Trel.

Piper perenense var.cupulifolium Trel.
Piper perenense var. cupulifolium Trel.

Piper perenense var.perenense
Piper perenense var. perenense

Piper pereskiifolium Jacq.
Piper pereskiifolium Jacq. = Peperomia pereskiifolia (Jacq.) Kunth
Piper permolle Trel. & Yunck.
Piper permolle Trel. & Yunck.

Voucher: Balick & Allon 1134 (NY!)
Piper pernigricans Trel.
Piper pernigricans Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper perpilibracteum Yunck.
Piper perpilibracteum Yunck. = Piper dasyoura (Miq.) C. DC.
Reference: , : 161.
Piper perpunctulatum Trel.
Piper perpunctulatum Trel.

Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Piper perpurgatum Trel.
Piper perpurgatum Trel.

Piper peruvianum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper peruvianum (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper peruvianum C. DC., Piper peruvianum Miq., Piper peruvianum Miq.
Voucher: Mathews 1145* , Killip & Smith 28783 (ILL)
Piper pervillosum Trel.
Piper pervillosum Trel. = Piper biseriatum C. DC.
Piper pervulgatum Trel.
Piper pervulgatum Trel.

Voucher: Klug 468* (F), Killip & Smith 29312 (NY!)
Piper phegophyllum Trel.
Piper phegophyllum Trel. = Piper casapiense (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper phthinotrichon (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper phthinotrichon (Miq.) C. DC. = Piper phytolaccaefolium Opiz ex C. Presl
Piper phthinotrichon var. sanroqueanum Trel.
Piper phthinotrichon var. sanroqueanum Trel. = Piper phytolaccaefolium Opiz ex C.

Presl
Piper phytolaccaefolium Opiz ex C. Presl
Piper phytolaccaefolium Opiz ex C. Presl
Synonyms: Piper phytolaccaefolium (Miq.) C. DC., Piper phytolaccaefolium Miq.,

Piper phytolaccaefolium Trel.
Voucher: Simpson & Schunke 458 (USM!)
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Tumbes.
Piper pichisense Trel.
Piper pichisense Trel. = Piper immutatum Trel.
Piper pilosissimum Yunck.
Piper pilosissimum Yunck.

Piper pilosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper pilosum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia pilosa Ruiz & Pav.

$
Piper pinedoana Trel.
Piper pinedoana Trel.

Piper planipes Trel.
Piper planipes Trel.
Piper planipes var.amplum Trel.
Piper planipes var. amplum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Piper planipes var.planipes
Piper planipes var. planipes

$
Piper pleninervosum Trel.
Piper pleninervosum Trel. = Piper rusbyi C. DC.
Piper poeppigii (Klotzsch in Miquel) C. DC.
Piper poeppigii (Klotzsch in Miquel) C. DC. = Piper callosum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper poeppigii (Kunth) Steud.
Piper poeppigii (Kunth) Steud. = Piper pseudomollicomum var. pseudomollicomum
Piper politaereum Trel.
Piper politaereum Trel.
Piper politaereum var.elongatum Trel.
Piper politaereum var. elongatum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Piper politaereum var.mucronatum Trel.
Piper politaereum var. mucronatum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper politaereum var.politaereum
Piper politaereum var. politaereum

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Piper politum C. DC.
Piper politum C. DC.
Piper politum var.pallidibracteum Trel.
Piper politum var. pallidibracteum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper politum var.politum

Piper politum var. politum

Piper ponganum Trel.
Piper ponganum Trel.

Voucher: Mexia 6123* (UC), Ancuash 1055 (NY!)
Piper pontis Trel.
Piper pontis Trel.

Piper poporense Trel. & Yunck.
Piper poporense Trel. & Yunck.

$
Piper portalense Trel.
Piper portalense Trel. = Piper rusbyi C. DC.
Piper porveniricola Trel.
Piper porveniricola Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Piper positum Trel.
Piper positum Trel.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 29256* (US), Smith et al. 904 (NY!)
Piper posusanum Trel.
Piper posusanum Trel.

Piper pothophyllum Trel.

Piper pothophyllum Trel.

Piper praeclarum Trel.
Piper praeclarum Trel. = Piper obliquum Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: FP 1216: 214; Callejas, pers. comm..
Piper procerum Trel.
Piper procerum Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Piper propinquum var. brevistylum Trel.
Piper propinquum var. brevistylum Trel. = Piper crassinervium Kunth
Piper propinquum var. grande Trel.
Piper propinquum var. grande Trel. = Piper crassinervium Kunth

$
Piper propinquum var. propinquum
Piper propinquum var. propinquum = Piper crassinervium Kunth
Piper pseudo-curvatum Trel.
Piper pseudo-curvatum Trel. = Piper longifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Piper pseudoarboreum Yunck.
Piper pseudoarboreum Yunck.
Piper pseudoarmatum Yunck.
Piper pseudoarmatum Yunck. = Piper silvivagum C. DC.
Piper pseudobarbatum C. DC.
Piper pseudobarbatum C. DC.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
$
Piper pseudocallosum Trel.
Piper pseudocallosum Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Piper pseudoflexuosum Trel.
Piper pseudoflexuosum Trel.

Piper pseudomatico Trel.
Piper pseudomatico Trel.

Piper pseudomollicomum C. DC.
Piper pseudomollicomum C. DC.
$
Piper pseudomollicomum var.dichotomum C. DC.
Piper pseudomollicomum var. dichotomum C. DC.

Voucher: Poeppig s.n*
Piper pseudomollicomum var.pseudomollicomum
Piper pseudomollicomum var. pseudomollicomum
Synonyms: Piper pseudomollicomum pseudomollicomum (Kunth) Miq., Piper

pseudomollicomum pseudomollicomum (Kunth) Steud., Piper pseudomollicomum
pseudomollicomum Kunth
Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian, Andean II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2290* (NY), Asplund 12170 (NY!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Loreto.
Piper pseudomunchanum Trel.
Piper pseudomunchanum Trel.

Voucher: Spruce 4341*
Piper pseudoperuvianum C. DC.
Piper pseudoperuvianum C. DC. = Piper peruvianum (Miq.) C. DC.
$
Piper psilophyllum C. DC.
Piper psilophyllum C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper psilophyllum Yunck.
Piper psilophyllum var. lanceifolium Yunck.
Piper psilophyllum var. lanceifolium Yunck. = Piper psilophyllum C. DC.
Piper puberulescens Trel.
Piper puberulescens Trel.

Voucher: Killip & Smith 29057* (US), Foster 9199 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios.
Piper puberuliciliatum Yunck.
Piper puberuliciliatum Yunck.

Voucher: Woytkowski 1249* (US)
Piper pubibaccum C. DC.

Piper pubibaccum C. DC.

Voucher: Weberbauer 3581* , Weberbauer 5518
Piper pubinervulum C. DC.
Piper pubinervulum C. DC.

Departments: Piura.
Piper pullispicum Trel.
Piper pullispicum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper punctatum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper punctatum Ruiz & Pav. = Piper heterophyllum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper punctulatifolium Trel.
Piper punctulatifolium Trel. = Piper dumosum Rudge

Piper puniceum Trel.
Piper puniceum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper purpurascens D. Dietr.
Piper purpurascens D. Dietr. = Piper aduncum L.
Piper purpureum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper purpureum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia purpurea Ruiz & Pav.
Piper pygmaeum Yunck.
Piper pygmaeum Yunck.

$
Piper quadrifolium L.
Piper quadrifolium L. = Peperomia quadrifolia (L.) Kunth
Piper quimirianum Trel.
Piper quimirianum Trel.

Piper racemosum Vahl
Piper racemosum Vahl = Peperomia secunda Ruiz & Pav.
Piper rasile Trel.
Piper rasile Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper ratisportanum Trel.
Piper ratisportanum Trel. = Piper augustum Rudge

Piper recensitum Trel.
Piper recensitum Trel.

Piper reciprocum Trel.
Piper reciprocum Trel. = Piper aduncum L.
Piper recreoense Trel.
Piper recreoense Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper redactum Trel.
Piper redactum Trel.

Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K)
$
Piper reductipes Trel.
Piper reductipes Trel.
Piper reductipes var.amplum Trel.
Piper reductipes var. amplum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper reductipes var.reductipes
Piper reductipes var. reductipes

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper reductipes var.stenostachys Trel.
Piper reductipes var. stenostachys Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Piper reflexum L. f.
Piper reflexum L. f. = Peperomia tetraphylla (G. Forst.) Hook. & Arn.
Piper relaxatum Trel.
Piper relaxatum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper resalutatum Trel.
Piper resalutatum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper resatum Trel.
Piper resatum Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper restio Trel.
Piper restio Trel.

Piper restrictum Trel.
Piper restrictum Trel.

Piper reticulatum L.
Piper reticulatum L.
Piper reticulatum var.reticulatum
Piper reticulatum var. reticulatum
Synonyms: Piper reticulatum reticulatum (L.) Miq., Piper reticulatum reticulatum C.

DC., Piper reticulatum reticulatum C. DC., Piper reticulatum reticulatum Kunth,
Piper reticulatum reticulatum Kunth, Piper reticulatum reticulatum Miq.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500
m.
Martín, Ucayali.
Piper reticulatum var.santarosanum Trel.

Piper reticulatum var. santarosanum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper rhinostachyum Trel.
Piper rhinostachyum Trel.

Piper rhombeum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper rhombeum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia rhombea Ruiz & Pav.
Piper riojanum Trel.
Piper riojanum Trel.

Voucher: Williams 7600* (F), Allard 20424 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, San Martín.
Piper roqueanum Trel.
Piper roqueanum Trel.

Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Piper rotundifolium L.
Piper rotundifolium L. = Peperomia rotundifolia (L.) Dahlst.
Piper rotundistipilum Trel. & Yunck.
Piper rotundistipilum Trel. & Yunck. = Piper maranyonense Trel.
Piper rubiginosum Trel.
Piper rubiginosum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper rubribaccum Trel.
Piper rubribaccum Trel.

$
Piper rugosibaccum Trel.
Piper rugosibaccum Trel.
Synonyms: Piper rugosibaccum C. DC.

Voucher: Klug 193* (NY!), Mexia 6442 (NY!)
Piper rugosilimbum Trel.
Piper rugosilimbum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper rugosum Opiz in Presl
Piper rugosum Opiz in Presl = Piper stupposum A. Dietr.

Note: nom. illeg.
Piper ruizianum D. Dietr.
Piper ruizianum D. Dietr. = Piper obliquum Ruiz & Pav.
$
Piper rusbyi C. DC.
Piper rusbyi C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper rusbyi Trel., Piper rusbyi Trel., Piper rusbyi Trel., Piper rusbyi
Trel., Piper rusbyi Trel., Piper rusbyi Trel., Piper rusbyi Trel.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian: forests. 0-500 m.
Piper sagittifer Trel.
Piper sagittifer Trel.

Voucher: Williams 1605* (F), Williams 1945
Piper salicariaefolium var. lehmannianum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper salicariaefolium var. lehmannianum (Miq.) C. DC. = Piper lehmannianum (Miq.)

C. DC.
Piper salviaefolium (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper salviaefolium (Miq.) C. DC. = Piper elongatum var. salviaefolium (Miq.) Trel.
Piper sancti-felicis Trel.

Piper sancti-felicis Trel.

Voucher: Gentry et al. 18380 (NY!, USM!)
Piper sandemanii Yunck.
Piper sandemanii Yunck. = Piper silvivagum C. DC.
Piper sandianum C. DC.
Piper sandianum C. DC.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Puno.
Piper sangorianum C. DC.
Piper sangorianum C. DC.

Voucher: Asplund 14467 (NY!)
Piper sanguineispicum Trel.
Piper sanguineispicum Trel. = Piper obliquum Ruiz & Pav.

Piper sannicolasense Trel.
Piper sannicolasense Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper sanramonense Trel.
Piper sanramonense Trel.

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Piper sanroqueanum Trel.
Piper sanroqueanum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Williams 7402* (US), Killip & Smith 27306 (NY!)
Piper santaritanum Trel.
Piper santaritanum Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Herrera 1551* (ILL)
Departments: Cuzco.
Piper santiaganum Trel.
Piper santiaganum Trel. = Piper coruscans Kunth
Piper sapotoanum Trel.
Piper sapotoanum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper sapotoyacuense Trel.
Piper sapotoyacuense Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Williams 4923* (F), Williams 5027 (ILL)
Piper satisfactum Trel.
Piper satisfactum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper scabiosifolium Trel.
Piper scabiosifolium Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper scabricaule Trel.
Piper scabricaule Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper scabridulicaule Trel.
Piper scabridulicaule Trel.

Voucher: Mexia 6106* (NY!)
Piper scabrum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper scabrum Ruiz & Pav. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.

$
Piper scalariforme Trel.
Piper scalariforme Trel.

Piper scandens (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper scandens (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia serpens (Sw.) Loudon
Piper scapispicum Trel.
Piper scapispicum Trel. = Piper pavonii (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper schiedeanum Steud.
Piper schiedeanum Steud.
Synonyms: Piper schiedeanum C. DC.

Piper schunkeanum Trel.

Piper schunkeanum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper sciaphilum C. DC.
Piper sciaphilum C. DC.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Piper scutaespicum Trel.
Piper scutaespicum Trel.
Piper scutellaefolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper scutellaefolium (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia scutellaefolia Ruiz & Pav.
Piper scutellatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Piper scutellatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Peperomia scutellaefolia Ruiz & Pav.
$
Piper secundum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper secundum Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper secundum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth, Piper secundum (Ruiz & Pav.) Miq.,
Piper secundum Pers.
Piper sellertianum Trel.
Piper sellertianum Trel.
Piper sellertianum var.sellertianum
Piper sellertianum var. sellertianum
Synonyms: Piper sellertianum sellertianum Miq.

Piper sellertianum var.tenuiforme Trel.
Piper sellertianum var. tenuiforme Trel.

$
Piper semicordulatum Trel.
Piper semicordulatum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper semicrudum Trel.
Piper semicrudum Trel.

Piper seminitidulum Trel.
Piper seminitidulum Trel.

Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 5289* (F), Schunke 528
Piper semiplenum Trel.
Piper semiplenum Trel.
$
Piper septemnerve (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper septemnerve (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia septemnervis Ruiz & Pav.
Piper sericeonervosum Trel.
Piper sericeonervosum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper serotinum Trel.
Piper serotinum Trel.

Piper serpavillanum Trel.
Piper serpavillanum Trel.

Piper serpens Sw.

Piper serpens Sw. = Peperomia serpens (Sw.) Loudon
Piper serrulatum Yunck.
Piper serrulatum Yunck.

Voucher: Mexia 8151* (US)
Piper setigerum Trel.
Piper setigerum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper setulosum Trel.
Piper setulosum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper sidipilum Trel.

Piper sidipilum Trel. = Piper formosum (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper silvioberrans Trel.
Piper silvioberrans Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper silvivagum C. DC.
Piper silvivagum C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper silvivagum Yunck., Piper silvivagum Yunck.

Piper silvivagum var. peruvianum C. DC.
Piper silvivagum var. peruvianum C. DC. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper sinuclausum Trel.
Piper sinuclausum Trel.

Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 3564* (F), Ambrose 2385 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco.
$
Piper smilacifolium Kunth
Piper smilacifolium Kunth = Piper reticulatum var. reticulatum
Piper soledadense Trel.
Piper soledadense Trel.
Piper soledadense var.angustum Trel.
Piper soledadense var. angustum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper soledadense var.soledadense
Piper soledadense var. soledadense

Voucher: Killip & Smith 29769* (US), Gentry & Lemmons 39606 (NY!)
Piper soricicaudatum Trel.
Piper soricicaudatum Trel. = Piper glabratum Kunth

Piper sororium (Miquel) C. DC.
Piper sororium (Miquel) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper sororium C. DC., Piper sororium Miq.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (LE), Poeppig s.n. (Herb. Leningrad)
Piper spruceanum C. DC.
Piper spruceanum C. DC.

Piper stellipilum (Miquel) C. DC.
Piper stellipilum (Miquel) C. DC.
Piper stenostachys C. DC.
Piper stenostachys C. DC.

$
Piper stevensi Trel.
Piper stevensi Trel.

Piper stiliferum Yunck.
Piper stiliferum Yunck.
Piper stomachicum C. DC.
Piper stomachicum C. DC.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3028* (MOL!, USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash.
Piper striatinervosum Trel.
Piper striatinervosum Trel. = Piper obliquum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper striatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper striatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia striata Ruiz & Pav.
Piper strigillosicaule Trel.
Piper strigillosicaule Trel.

Piper strigillosum Trel.
Piper strigillosum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper strigosum Trel.
Piper strigosum Trel.

Piper stuebelii Trel.
Piper stuebelii Trel.

Voucher: Stuebel 68* (B), Williams 7056 (ILL)
Piper stupposum A. Dietr.
Piper stupposum A. Dietr.
Synonyms: Piper stupposum (A. Dietr.) Miq., Piper stupposum Opiz in Presl
Piper subandina Trel.
Piper subandina Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper subandinum C. DC.
Piper subandinum C. DC.

Piper subbrunneispicum Yunck.

Piper subbrunneispicum Yunck. = Piper immutatum Trel.
Piper subcordulatum Trel.
Piper subcordulatum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper subflavicans Trel.
Piper subflavicans Trel.

Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (M)
Piper subflavispicum C. DC.
Piper subflavispicum C. DC.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Piper subpatens Trel.

Piper subpatens Trel.

Piper subscutatum (Miquel) C. DC.
Piper subscutatum (Miquel) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper subscutatum Miq.

Piper subsessile Trel.
Piper subsessile Trel. = Piper dumosum Rudge
Piper subsilvestre C. DC.
Piper subsilvestre C. DC.

Piper subtextum Trel.
Piper subtextum Trel. = Piper rusbyi C. DC.

Piper suffruticosum Trel.
Piper suffruticosum Trel.

Piper sumpi Trel.
Piper sumpi Trel.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Piper suspectum Trel.
Piper suspectum Trel. = Piper heterophyllum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper tabinense Trel.
Piper tabinense Trel.

Departments: Puno.
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Piper tarapotianum C. DC.
Piper tarapotianum C. DC. = Piper reticulatum var. reticulatum
Reference: FP 1216: 223; Tebbs, 1992 [in press]..
Piper tardum Trel.
Piper tardum Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper temptum Trel.
Piper temptum Trel.

Piper tenebricosum Trel.
Piper tenebricosum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper tenellum Sw.

Piper tenellum Sw. = Peperomia tenella (Sw.) A. Dietr.
Piper tenue Kunth
Piper tenue Kunth

Voucher: Huashikat 1084 (NY!)
Piper tenuicuspe (Miquel) C. DC.
Piper tenuicuspe (Miquel) C. DC.
Piper tenuicuspe var.nervosius Trel.
Piper tenuicuspe var. nervosius Trel.

Piper tenuicuspe var.tenuicuspe
Piper tenuicuspe var. tenuicuspe
Synonyms: Piper tenuicuspe tenuicuspe Miq.

Voucher: Mathews 1704* , Killip & Smith 27505 (NY!)
$
Piper tenuistylum C. DC.
Piper tenuistylum C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper tenuistylum Miq.

Ecology: Endemic liana, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, San Martín, Ucayali.
Piper tessmanni Trel.
Piper tessmanni Trel.

Voucher: Tessmann 4197* (B), Mexia 6122 (NY!)
Piper tetragonum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper tetragonum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia tetragona Ruiz & Pav.
Piper tetraphyllum G. Forst.
Piper tetraphyllum G. Forst. = Peperomia tetraphylla (G. Forst.) Hook. & Arn.
Piper timbuchianum Trel.

Piper timbuchianum Trel.

Piper tingens Trel.
Piper tingens Trel. = Piper coruscans Kunth
Piper tocacheanum C. DC.
Piper tocacheanum C. DC.

Voucher: Asplund 12663 (NY!)
Piper tortuosivenosum Trel.
Piper tortuosivenosum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper trachydermum Trel.

Piper trachydermum Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.
Piper transpontinum Trel.
Piper transpontinum Trel.
Piper transpontinum var.ecordulatum Trel.
Piper transpontinum var. ecordulatum Trel.

Piper transpontinum var.transpontinum
Piper transpontinum var. transpontinum

Piper trichostylopse Trel.
Piper trichostylopse Trel.
Piper trichostylopse var.latum Trel.

Piper trichostylopse var. latum Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper trichostylopse var.trichostylopse
Piper trichostylopse var. trichostylopse

Piper trichostylum C. DC.
Piper trichostylum C. DC.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Puno.
Piper tridentipilum C. DC.
Piper tridentipilum C. DC.

Voucher: Revilla 97 (USM!)
$
Piper trifolium L.
Piper trifolium L. = Peperomia trifolia (L.) A. Dietr.
Piper trigonum C. DC.
Piper trigonum C. DC.

Ecology: Native shrub. Amazonian: forests, disturbed areas, riversides. 0-1500 m.
Piper trinerve (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper trinerve (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia trinervis Ruiz & Pav.
Piper tristigmum Trel.
Piper tristigmum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper tuberculatum Jacq.

Piper tuberculatum Jacq. = Piper arboreum subsp. tuberculatum (Jacq.) Tebbs
Piper tumidicondyli Trel.
Piper tumidicondyli Trel. = Piper divaricatum G. Mey.
Piper ucayalianum Trel.
Piper ucayalianum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 3011* (S)
Piper udisilvestre C. DC.
Piper udisilvestre C. DC. = Piper longifolium Ruiz & Pav.
Piper ulceratum Trel.
Piper ulceratum Trel.
Piper ulceratum var.angustifolium Trel.

Piper ulceratum var. angustifolium Trel.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper ulceratum var.ulceratum
Piper ulceratum var. ulceratum

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piper uleanum Trel.
Piper uleanum Trel.

Piper umbellatum L.
Piper umbellatum L.
Synonyms: Piper umbellatum (L.) Kunth, Piper umbellatum (L.) Miq., Piper umbellatum
Miq., Piper umbellatum Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Boeke 1217 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Pasco, San
Martín, Ucayali.
$
Piper umbilicatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl
Piper umbilicatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Vahl = Peperomia umbilicata Ruiz & Pav.
Piper undeninervium C. DC.
Piper undeninervium C. DC. = Piper sororium (Miquel) C. DC.
Piper unguiculatum Ruiz & Pav.
Piper unguiculatum Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Piper unguiculatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Kunth, Piper unguiculatum (Ruiz & Pav.)
Raf., Piper unguiculatum Jacq., Piper unguiculatum Kunth
Piper urubambanum Trel.
Piper urubambanum Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Piper variegatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.

Piper variegatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Peperomia maculosa (L.) W. Hook.
Piper variegatum Kunth
Piper variegatum Kunth = Piper cumanense Kunth
Piper velutininervosum Trel.
Piper velutininervosum Trel.

Piper velutinum Kunth
Piper velutinum Kunth
Synonyms: Piper velutinum (Kunth) Kunth, Piper velutinum (Kunth) Miq.

Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland 667* (P), Humboldt 667* (Herb. Willdenow)
Piper venulosissimum Yunck.
Piper venulosissimum Yunck.
$
Piper veraguense C. DC.
Piper veraguense C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper veraguense C. DC., Piper veraguense C. DC., Piper veraguense Trel.
& Yunck.
Voucher: Schunke 6258 (CAS)
Piper verbascifolium (Miq.) C. DC.
Piper verbascifolium (Miq.) C. DC.
Synonyms: Piper verbascifolium C. DC., Piper verbascifolium Miq.

Voucher: Dombey 7233* (NY!), Isern 2311 (NY!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto.
Piper veredianum Trel.
Piper veredianum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper verruculaecaule Trel.
Piper verruculaecaule Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper verruculaefolium Trel.
Piper verruculaefolium Trel.

Piper villosispicum Trel.
Piper villosispicum Trel.

Piper villosum C. DC.
Piper villosum C. DC.

Piper virgulticola Trel.
Piper virgulticola Trel. = Piper hispidum var. hispidum Sw.

Piper viridilimbum Trel.
Piper viridilimbum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Piper volubile C. DC.
Piper volubile C. DC.

Piper woytkowskii Yunck.
Piper woytkowskii Yunck.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 1455* (DPU)
Piper xanthostachyum C. DC.
Piper xanthostachyum C. DC.

Ecology. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Knapp & Mallet 8385 (MO)
Piper xapurayense C. DC.
Piper xapurayense C. DC.
Piper yananoanum Trel.
Piper yananoanum Trel.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Piper yessupianum Trel.
Piper yessupianum Trel.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 26373* (US), Mathias 5086 (MO!)
Piper yurimaguasanum Trel.
Piper yurimaguasanum Trel. = Piper arboreum subsp. tuberculatum (Jacq.) Tebbs

Piptadenia adiantoides (Sprengel) J.F. Macbr.
Piptadenia adiantoides (Sprengel) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Piptadenia adiantoides (Sprengel) Brenan, Piptadenia adiantoides Benth.,

Piptadenia adiantoides Sprengel
Note: Not known from Peru. Record in the Flora of Peru based on var. peruviana
[=P. peruviana].
Piptadenia adiantoides var. peruviana J.F. Macbr.
Piptadenia adiantoides var. peruviana J.F. Macbr. = Piptadenia peruviana (J.F.

Macbr.) Barneby
Piptadenia anolidurus Barneby
Piptadenia anolidurus Barneby

Piptadenia cateniformis Ducke
Piptadenia cateniformis Ducke = Cedrelinga cateniformis (Ducke) Ducke
Reference: FP 21: 65; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de Ortega,
1989: 322.
$
Piptadenia cebil (Griseb.) Griseb.
Piptadenia cebil (Griseb.) Griseb. = Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.)

Reis
Reference: Altschul, S. von R., 1964: 53.
Piptadenia colubrina (Vell.) Benth.
Piptadenia colubrina (Vell.) Benth. = Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var.

colubrina
Reference: FP 21: 101; Altschul, S. von R., 1964: 52; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 120.
Piptadenia communis Benth.
Piptadenia communis Benth. = Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: FP 21: 102; Burkart, A., 1979: 274.

Note: NN
Piptadenia cuzcoensis Barneby
Piptadenia cuzcoensis Barneby

Voucher: Vargas 18500* (US)
Departments: Cuzco.
Piptadenia flava (Sprengel ex DC.) Benth.
Piptadenia flava (Sprengel ex DC.) Benth.

Synonyms: Piptadenia flava (Sprengel ex DC.) Brenan, Piptadenia flava Sprengel ex
DC.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree, treelet. Amazonian, Coastal: semi-deciduous forests.
0-500 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Loreto, San Martín, Tumbes.
Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F. Macbr.
Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) Brenan, Piptadenia gonoacantha Benth.,

Piptadenia gonoacantha Mart.
Piptadenia grata (Willd.) J.F. Macbr.
Piptadenia grata (Willd.) J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Piptadenia grata Willd.

Note: Not known from Peru. The Flora of Peru listed P. macrocarpa [=Anadenanthera
colubrina var. cebil fide Altschul (1964: 53)] as a synonym under this species; P.
grata is most probably a species of Anadenanthera (Lewis, pers. comm.).
Piptadenia killipii J.F. Macbr.
Piptadenia killipii J.F. Macbr.
Piptadenia killipii J.F. Macbr. var.killipii
Piptadenia killipii J.F. Macbr. var. killipii

Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Klug 4333* (MO!), Smith 2083 (MO!)
Departments: Loreto, Junín, Pasco, San Martín.
Piptadenia laxa Benth.
Piptadenia laxa Benth. = Piptadenia adiantoides (Sprengel) J.F. Macbr.
Piptadenia macrocarpa Benth.
Piptadenia macrocarpa Benth. = Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Reis
Reference: FP 21: 103; Altschul, S. von R., 1964: 54; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 120.
Note: Treated as a synonym of P. grata in the Flora of Peru.
Piptadenia macrocarpa var. cebil (Griseb.) Chodat & Hassl.
Piptadenia macrocarpa var. cebil (Griseb.) Chodat & Hassl. = Anadenanthera

colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Reis
Reference: Altschul, S. von R., 1964: 53; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 120.
Piptadenia minutiflora Ducke
Piptadenia minutiflora Ducke = Piptadenia uaupensis Spruce ex Benth.
Reference: Brenan, J. P. M., 1986: 84; Barneby, R. C., 1986: 228.
Piptadenia opacifolia Ducke
Piptadenia opacifolia Ducke = Piptadenia pteroclada Benth.

Reference: FP 21: 104; Ducke, A., 1949: 62.
Piptadenia peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) Barneby
Piptadenia peruviana (J.F. Macbr.) Barneby
Synonyms: Piptadenia peruviana J.F. Macbr.

Ecology: Native liana, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Klug 4018* (MO!), Woytkowski 7305 (MO!)
Piptadenia polystachya Miq.
Piptadenia polystachya Miq. = Stryphnodendron polystachyum (Miq.) Kleinhoonte
Reference: Martins, E. M. O., 1981: 66.
Piptadenia pteroclada Benth.
Piptadenia pteroclada Benth.
Synonyms: Piptadenia pteroclada (Benth.) Brenan, Piptadenia pteroclada Ducke,

Piptadenia pteroclada J.F. Macbr.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides, seasonally
inundated areas, semi-deciduous forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4536* (K), Lamotte 413 (MO!)
Piptadenia pteroclada var. klugii J.F. Macbr.
Piptadenia pteroclada var. klugii J.F. Macbr. = Piptadenia pteroclada Benth.

$
Piptadenia robusta Pittier
Piptadenia robusta Pittier
Reference: Steyermark, J. A. & O. Huber, 1978: 561.

Voucher: Meneses & Pisculich 8 (K)
Piptadenia uaupensis Spruce ex Benth.
Piptadenia uaupensis Spruce ex Benth.
Synonyms: Piptadenia uaupensis (Ducke) Brenan, Piptadenia uaupensis (Spruce ex

Benth.) Brenan, Piptadenia uaupensis Ducke, Piptadenia uaupensis Harms
Piptadenia viridiflora (Kunth) Benth.
Piptadenia viridiflora (Kunth) Benth.
Synonyms: Piptadenia viridiflora (Kunth) Brenan, Piptadenia viridiflora Kunth

Ecology: Native tree. Andean I: riversides, shrublands. 500-1500 m.
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Hutchison & Wright 6767 (K)
Piptadenia weberbaueri Harms
Piptadenia weberbaueri Harms

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 1500-2000 m.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. This may prove to be a species
of #Pseudopiptadenia (Lewis, pers. comm.)
Voucher: Weberbauer 7212* (K)
Piptatherum confine Schult.
Piptatherum confine Schult. = Arundinella hispida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Kuntze
Piptatherum obtusum Nees & Meyen
Piptatherum obtusum Nees & Meyen = Stipa obtusa (Nees & Meyen) Hitchc.
Piptocarpha asterotrichia (Poepp.) Baker
Piptocarpha asterotrichia (Poepp.) Baker
Synonyms: Piptocarpha asterotrichia (Poepp.) Sch. Bip., Piptocarpha asterotrichia

Gleason, Piptocarpha asterotrichia Poepp., Piptocarpha asterotrichia Schultz-Bip.
ex Baker
Ecology: Endemic liana. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, cloud forests. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1887* (NY), Killip & Smith 26083 (NY)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Junín, Huánuco, Loreto, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Piptocarpha canescens Gleason
Piptocarpha canescens Gleason

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Piptocarpha chontalensis Baker
Piptocarpha chontalensis Baker = Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Baker
Piptocarpha costaricensis Klatt
Piptocarpha costaricensis Klatt = Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Baker
Piptocarpha foliosa Cuatrec.
Piptocarpha foliosa Cuatrec. = Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Baker
Piptocarpha gutierrezii Cuatrec.
Piptocarpha gutierrezii Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Piptocarpha gutierrezii Cuatrec.

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests,
Voucher: Kayap 356 (NY), Kayap
Departments: Amazonas, Lambayeque, Piura.
Piptocarpha insignis Gleason

Piptocarpha insignis Gleason = Piptocarpha asterotrichia (Poepp.) Baker
Piptocarpha laxa Rusby
Piptocarpha laxa Rusby = Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Baker
Piptocarpha lechleri (Sch. Bip.) Baker
Piptocarpha lechleri (Sch. Bip.) Baker
Synonyms: Piptocarpha lechleri Gleason, Piptocarpha lechleri Gleason, Piptocarpha

lechleri Sch. Bip.
Ecology: Endemic shrub, treelet. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Lechler 2479* (B), Killip & Smith 23848 (US)
Piptocarpha longifolia Gleason
Piptocarpha longifolia Gleason = Piptocarpha lechleri (Sch. Bip.) Baker
Piptocarpha opaca (Benth.) Baker
Piptocarpha opaca (Benth.) Baker
Synonyms: Piptocarpha opaca (Sch. Bip.) Baker, Piptocarpha opaca Benth.,

Piptocarpha opaca Sch. Bip.
Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Schomburgk 1016* (K), Schunke 6182 (F)
Piptocarpha opaca var. latifolia (Sch. Bip.) Baker
Piptocarpha opaca var. latifolia (Sch. Bip.) Baker = Piptocarpha opaca (Benth.)
Baker
Piptocarpha paraensis Cabrera
Piptocarpha paraensis Cabrera = Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Baker
Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Baker
Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Baker
Synonyms: Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Baker, Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Sch.

Bip., Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Sch. Bip., Piptocarpha poeppigiana Baker,
Piptocarpha poeppigiana Cabrera, Piptocarpha poeppigiana Cuatrec., Piptocarpha
poeppigiana DC., Piptocarpha poeppigiana DC., Piptocarpha poeppigiana Klatt,
Piptocarpha poeppigiana Rusby
Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 2501 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Junín, Huánuco, Loreto, Madre de Dios,
San Martín.
Piptocarpha sprucei Baker
Piptocarpha sprucei Baker

Voucher: Spruce 4362* (K), King 3167 (MO)
Piptocarpha tereticaulis (DC.) Baker
Piptocarpha tereticaulis (DC.) Baker = Piptocarpha poeppigiana (DC.) Baker
Reference: FP 1416: 48; Hieronymus, G., 1901: 2.
Piptocarpha umbricola Cuatrec.
Piptocarpha umbricola Cuatrec. = Piptocarpha gutierrezii Cuatrec.
Piptocarpha vismiaefolia Gleason
Piptocarpha vismiaefolia Gleason = Piptocarpha lechleri (Sch. Bip.) Baker
Piptochaetium featherstonei (Hitchc.) Tovar
Piptochaetium featherstonei (Hitchc.) Tovar
Synonyms: Piptochaetium featherstonei Hitchc., Piptochaetium featherstonei Tovar &

Gutte
Reference: Tovar, O., 1988: 104; Sánchez V., I., 1991: 22.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3500-4500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 803A* (F), Tovar 7847 (USM!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Junín.
Piptochaetium indutum Parodi

Piptochaetium indutum Parodi
Reference: Parodi, L. R., 1944: 258; Sánchez V., I., 1991: 20.
Voucher: Smith & Buddensiek 10964 (MO!)
Piptochaetium juninense Tovar & Gutte
Piptochaetium juninense Tovar & Gutte = Piptochaetium featherstonei (Hitchc.) Tovar
Piptochaetium laeve Pilg.
Piptochaetium laeve Pilg. = Nassella pubiflora (Trin. & Rupr.) Desv.
Piptochaetium montevidense (Spreng.) Parodi
Piptochaetium montevidense (Spreng.) Parodi
Synonyms: Piptochaetium montevidense Philippi, Piptochaetium montevidense Spreng.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 3500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Soukup 2987 (USM!)
Piptochaetium panicoides (Lam.) Desv.
Piptochaetium panicoides (Lam.) Desv.
Synonyms: Piptochaetium panicoides (J. Presl) Kunth, Piptochaetium panicoides

(Lam.) Speg., Piptochaetium panicoides J. Presl, Piptochaetium panicoides Lam.,
Piptochaetium panicoides Trin. & Rupr.
Reference: Sánchez V., I., 1991: 30.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands. 3000-
4000 m.
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Junín.
Piptochaetium sagasteguii Sánchez Vega
Piptochaetium sagasteguii Sánchez Vega

Voucher: Sánchez 2914 (MO, USM!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, La Libertad.
Piptochaetium setifolium J. Presl
Piptochaetium setifolium J. Presl = Piptochaetium panicoides (Lam.) Desv.
Reference: FP 719: 176; Parodi, L. R., 1944: 299; Sánchez V., I., 1991: 30.
Piptochaetium tovarii Sánchez Vega
Piptochaetium tovarii Sánchez Vega
Piptochaetium tovarii subsp.pilosa Sánchez Vega
Piptochaetium tovarii subsp. pilosa Sánchez Vega

Voucher: Sánchez 2459 (CPUN!, MO!)
$
Piptochaetium tovarii subsp.tovarii
Piptochaetium tovarii subsp. tovarii

Voucher: Sánchez & Vilhena 678* (MO, USM!), Sanchez et al. 1402 (CPUN!, F!)
Piptochaetium verrucosum Philippi
Piptochaetium verrucosum Philippi = Piptochaetium montevidense (Spreng.) Parodi
Piqueria cumingii B. Robinson
Piqueria cumingii B. Robinson = Ophryosporus anomalus R.M. King & H. Rob.
Piqueria floribunda DC.
Piqueria floribunda DC. = Ophryosporus floribundus (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Piqueria galioides DC.
Piqueria galioides DC. = Ophryosporus galioides (DC.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Piqueria hartwegi B. Robinson

Piqueria hartwegi B. Robinson = Ophryosporus hartwegii (B. Robinson) R.M. King & H.
Rob.
Piqueria latifolia (DC.) Gardner
Piqueria latifolia (DC.) Gardner = Phalacraea latifolia DC.
Piqueria mathewsii B. Robinson
Piqueria mathewsii B. Robinson = Ophryosporus mathewsii (B. Robinson) R.M. King &
H. Rob.
Piqueria peruviana (J. Gmel.) B.L. Rob.
Piqueria peruviana (J. Gmel.) B.L. Rob. = Ophryosporus peruvianus (J. Gmel.) R.M.
King & H. Rob.
Piqueria pinifolia (Phil.) Hieron. ex B.L. Rob.
Piqueria pinifolia (Phil.) Hieron. ex B.L. Rob. = Ophryosporus pinifolius (Phil.)

R.M. King & H. Rob.
Piqueria pubescens Smith
Piqueria pubescens Smith = Ophryosporus pubescens (Smith ) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Piqueria setifera Chung
Piqueria setifera Chung = Ellenbergia glandulata Cuatrec.
Piqueria sodiroi Hieron.
Piqueria sodiroi Hieron. = Guevaria sodiroi (Hieron.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Piqueria vargasii Chung
Piqueria vargasii Chung = Guevaria vargasii (Chung) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Piratinera guianensis Aubl.
Piratinera guianensis Aubl. = Brosimum guianense (Aubl.) Huber
Piratinera paraensis (Huber) Benoist
Piratinera paraensis (Huber) Benoist = Brosimum rubescens Taub.

$
Piratinera rubescens (Taub.) Pittier
Piratinera rubescens (Taub.) Pittier = Brosimum rubescens Taub.
Piresia goeldii Swallen
Piresia goeldii Swallen

Piresia macrophylla Soderstr.
Piresia macrophylla Soderstr.
Reference: Soderstrom, T. R., 1982: 203.

Piresia sympodica (Döll) Swallen
Piresia sympodica (Döll) Swallen
Synonyms: Piresia sympodica Döll

Pirigara hexapetala Aubl.

Pirigara hexapetala Aubl. = Gustavia hexapetala (Aubl.) Smith in Rees
Reference: FP 754: 233; Prance, G. T. & S. A. Mori, 1979: 141.
Pirigara speciosa Kunth
Pirigara speciosa Kunth = Gustavia speciosa (Kunth) de Candolle
Reference: FP 754: 235; Prance, G. T. & S. A. Mori, 1979: 167.
Piripea palustris Aubl.
Piripea palustris Aubl. = Buchnera palustris (Aubl.) Spreng.
Piriqueta cistoides (L.) Griseb.
Piriqueta cistoides (L.) Griseb.
Synonyms: Piriqueta cistoides L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 737: 85; Arbo, M. M., 1987: 9.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, riversides.
0-1500 m.
Piscidia carthagenensis Jacq.
Piscidia carthagenensis Jacq.

Ecology: Native tree. Coastal: rocky slopes, semi-deciduous forests. 0-500 m.
$
Pisonia aculeata L.
Pisonia aculeata L.
Reference: Adams, C., 1972: 262.

Pisonia ambigua Heimerl
Pisonia ambigua Heimerl
Pisonia macranthocarpa Donn. Sm.
Pisonia macranthocarpa Donn. Sm.
Reference: Burger, W. C., 1981: 197.

Note: This taxon is possibly distinct from Pisonia aculeata; the species is not
recognized by Burger (1983b).
Pisonia noxia Netto
Pisonia noxia Netto = Guapira noxia (Netto) Lundell
Pisonia olfersiana Link, Kl. & Otto

Pisonia olfersiana Link, Kl. & Otto = Guapira olfersiana (Link, Kl. & Otto) Lundell
Pistia crispata Blume
Pistia crispata Blume = Pistia stratiotes L.
Pistia minor Blume
Pistia minor Blume = Pistia stratiotes L.
Pistia stratiotes L.
Pistia stratiotes L.
Synonyms: Pistia stratiotes Blume, Pistia stratiotes Blume

Ecology: aquatic herb. Amazonian: floating, riversides, seasonally inundated areas.
0-500 m.
Departments: Lima, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Ucayali.
Pisum sativum L.
Pisum sativum L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 353; Duke, J. A., 1981: 200.

Ecology: Cultivated herb, vine. Andean II-III: disturbed areas. 2500-4000 m.
$
Pitcairnia acicularis L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia acicularis L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Ferreyra 14167* (US!, USM!)
Pitcairnia ancuashii L.B. Sm. & Read
Pitcairnia ancuashii L.B. Sm. & Read
Reference: Smith, L. B. & R. W. Read, 1979: 330.

Voucher: Ancuash 519* (MO!)
Pitcairnia aphelandriflora Lem.
Pitcairnia aphelandriflora Lem.

Ecology: Native herb. Region uncertain: riversides. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Sandeman 136 (US!)
Pitcairnia asplundii L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia asplundii L.B. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Region uncertain: riversides. .
Voucher: Asplund 12263* (S photo US)
Pitcairnia asterotricha Poepp. & Endl.
Pitcairnia asterotricha Poepp. & Endl. = Puya ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia attenuata L.B. Sm. & Read
Pitcairnia attenuata L.B. Sm. & Read

Pitcairnia augustii Harms
Pitcairnia augustii Harms
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: riversides. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7074* (MOL!), Acleto 290 (USM!)
Departments: La Libertad, Piura.
Pitcairnia aureobrunnea Rauh
Pitcairnia aureobrunnea Rauh

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Rauh 53677* (HEID)
Pitcairnia biattenuata Rusby
Pitcairnia biattenuata Rusby = Pitcairnia paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Ruiz & Pav.
Pitcairnia bifaria L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia bifaria L.B. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: cloud forests. 500-2000 m.
Voucher: Dudley 13087* (NA), Schunke 11907 (US!)
Pitcairnia biflora L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia biflora L.B. Sm.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Sandeman s.n.* (K), Rauh 63681 (HEID)
Pitcairnia billbergioides L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia billbergioides L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Ferreyra 14161* (US!), Díaz & Beltrán 3370 (MO!)
$
Pitcairnia brevicalycina Mez
Pitcairnia brevicalycina Mez
Voucher: Weberbauer 6825A* (B photo F)
Pitcairnia brittoniana Mez
Pitcairnia brittoniana Mez

Voucher: McCarrol 92 (GH)
Departments: Puno.
Pitcairnia calatheoides L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia calatheoides L.B. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Klug 4237* (GH), Schunke 10469 (MO!)
Pitcairnia cassapensis Mez
Pitcairnia cassapensis Mez
Voucher: Poeppig 1526* (B photo F), Mathews 2089 (US!)
Pitcairnia cerrateana L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia cerrateana L.B. Sm.
Reference: Smith, L. B., 1991: 52.

Voucher: Cerrate 8967* (USM!)
Pitcairnia clavata L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia clavata L.B. Sm.

Pitcairnia concolor Baker
Pitcairnia concolor Baker = Pitcairnia pungens Kunth var. pungens
Pitcairnia consimilis Baker
Pitcairnia consimilis Baker = Puya ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) L.B. Sm.
$
Pitcairnia corallina Linden & André
Pitcairnia corallina Linden & André
Pitcairnia corallina var.corallina
Pitcairnia corallina var. corallina
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian: shrublands. 0-500 m.
Pitcairnia cotahuasiana Harms
Pitcairnia cotahuasiana Harms = Puya ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia crystallina Pers.
Pitcairnia crystallina Pers. = Puya lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Schult.f.
Pitcairnia cuzcoensis L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia cuzcoensis L.B. Sm.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: grasslands, shrublands. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 7825* (F), Vargas 3060 (GH)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Pitcairnia cyanopetala Ule
Pitcairnia cyanopetala Ule
Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Ule 6608* (B photo US)
Pitcairnia decurvata L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia decurvata L.B. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: rocky slopes. 0-500 m.
Voucher: López et al. 4047* (TRP, US)
Pitcairnia echinotricha (Andre) Baker
Pitcairnia echinotricha (Andre) Baker = Puya ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia ellenbergii L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia ellenbergii L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Ellenberg 993* (U photo US)
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Pitcairnia elongata L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia elongata L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Foster et al. 10936 (F!)
Pitcairnia erratica L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia erratica L.B. Sm.

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Note: This is probably a synonym of P. riparia (Luther, pers. comm.).
Pitcairnia excelsa E. Morren
Pitcairnia excelsa E. Morren = Pitcairnia paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Ruiz & Pav.
Pitcairnia eximea Mez
Pitcairnia eximea Mez
Voucher: Weberbauer 2025* (B photo US!)
$
Pitcairnia ferreyrae L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia ferreyrae L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Ferreyra 1044* (USM!), Hutchison 2620 (US!)
Pitcairnia ferruginea Ruiz & Pav.
Pitcairnia ferruginea Ruiz & Pav. = Puya ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia fimbriato-bracteata Rauh
Pitcairnia fimbriato-bracteata Rauh

Voucher: Rauh & Bismarck 40180* (HEID)
Pitcairnia fractifolia L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia fractifolia L.B. Sm.

Ecology: herb. Andean I: rocky slopes. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: López et al. 4242* (TRP, US), Rauh 24597 (US!)
$
Pitcairnia fruticetorum Mez
Pitcairnia fruticetorum Mez = Pitcairnia paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Ruiz & Pav.
Pitcairnia grandiflora Mez
Pitcairnia grandiflora Mez = Puya pitcairnioides L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia gutteana W. Weber
Pitcairnia gutteana W. Weber
Reference: Mueller, G. K., P. Gutte, C. Muller & D. L. Schulz, 1984: 40.

Voucher: Gutte et al. 1432* (LZ)
Pitcairnia guzmanioides L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia guzmanioides L.B. Sm.

Note:
Voucher: McCarroll 47 (GH)
Departments: Puno.
Pitcairnia herrerae Harms

Pitcairnia herrerae Harms = Puya ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia heterophylla (Lindl.) Beer
Pitcairnia heterophylla (Lindl.) Beer
Pitcairnia heterophylla fo.heterophylla
Pitcairnia heterophylla fo. heterophylla
Synonyms: Pitcairnia heterophylla heterophylla Lindl.

Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I-II: forests, rocky slopes.
1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Soukup 3847 (US)
Pitcairnia imperialis Harms
Pitcairnia imperialis Harms = Puya ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia inermis (Meyer) Mey.? ex Schult.f.
Pitcairnia inermis (Meyer) Mey.? ex Schult.f.
Pitcairnia inermis var.flava L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia inermis var. flava L.B. Sm.

Pitcairnia inermis var.inermis
Pitcairnia inermis var. inermis
Synonyms: Pitcairnia inermis inermis (Meyer) Beer, Pitcairnia inermis inermis Meyer
Pitcairnia juzepczukii W.W. Weber
Pitcairnia juzepczukii W.W. Weber
Reference: Weber, W., 1986: 95.

Voucher: Juzepczuk 10310* (LE)
Pitcairnia laevis Willd. ex Schult.f.
Pitcairnia laevis Willd. ex Schult.f. = Pitcairnia pungens Kunth var. pungens
Pitcairnia lanata (Kunth) Dietr.
Pitcairnia lanata (Kunth) Dietr. = Puya lanata (Kunth) Schult. f.

Pitcairnia lanuginosa Ruiz & Pav.
Pitcairnia lanuginosa Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Pitcairnia lanuginosa Baker, Pitcairnia lanuginosa Mez, Pitcairnia

lanuginosa Rusby
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I: riversides. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Schunke 7777 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Madre de Dios, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Pitcairnia laresiana Harms
Pitcairnia laresiana Harms = Puya ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia latibracteata Harms
Pitcairnia latibracteata Harms = Puya ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia lechleri Baker
Pitcairnia lechleri Baker
Voucher: Lechler 3132* (K), Vargas 11033 (US!)
$
Pitcairnia lehmannii Baker
Pitcairnia lehmannii Baker

Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Pitcairnia longifolia Hook.
Pitcairnia longifolia Hook. = Pitcairnia paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Ruiz & Pav.
Pitcairnia lopezii L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia lopezii L.B. Sm.

Voucher: López 226* (TRP, US!), López s.n. (TRP, US)
Pitcairnia marnier-lapostollei L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia marnier-lapostollei L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Marnier-Lapostolle s.n.* (US)
Pitcairnia megastachya Baker

Pitcairnia megastachya Baker = Puya roezlii E. Morren
Pitcairnia melanopoda L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia melanopoda L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Wurdack 1070* (US, USM!), Rauh 24560 (US!)
Pitcairnia odontopoda Baker
Pitcairnia odontopoda Baker
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Note: Listed in the Flora of Peru as an excluded species.
Departments: Cuzco, Madre de Dios.
Pitcairnia pallidiflavens Rauh
Pitcairnia pallidiflavens Rauh

Pitcairnia paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Ruiz & Pav.

Pitcairnia paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Ruiz & Pav.
Synonyms: Pitcairnia paniculata E. Morren, Pitcairnia paniculata Hook., Pitcairnia

paniculata Mez, Pitcairnia paniculata Ruiz & Pav., Pitcairnia paniculata Rusby
Pitcairnia poeppigiana Mez
Pitcairnia poeppigiana Mez
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: swamps. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2424* (W photo US!), Rimachi 173 (USM!)
Pitcairnia pomacochae Rauh
Pitcairnia pomacochae Rauh

Pitcairnia pseudo-undulata Rauh
Pitcairnia pseudo-undulata Rauh

$
Pitcairnia pseudopungens Rauh
Pitcairnia pseudopungens Rauh
Reference: Rauh, W. & E. Gross, 1990: 13.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Pitcairnia pulverulenta Ruiz & Pav.
Pitcairnia pulverulenta Ruiz & Pav.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G photo F), Boeke 1203 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Puno, San Martín.
Pitcairnia pungens Kunth
Pitcairnia pungens Kunth
Pitcairnia pungens Kunth var.pungens
Pitcairnia pungens Kunth var. pungens
Synonyms: Pitcairnia pungens pungens Baker, Pitcairnia pungens pungens Willd. ex

Schult.f.
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 500-3500
m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 8545 (US, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Lima.
$
Pitcairnia pungens var.flava L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia pungens var. flava L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Iltis & Ugent 1128* (US!, USM!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Pitcairnia puyoides L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia puyoides L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia pyramidata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers.
Pitcairnia pyramidata (Ruiz & Pav.) Pers. = Puya pyramidata (Ruiz & Pav.) Schult.f.
Pitcairnia quesnelioides L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia quesnelioides L.B. Sm.

$
Pitcairnia rectiflora Rauh
Pitcairnia rectiflora Rauh

Pitcairnia rigida Mez
Pitcairnia rigida Mez
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 500-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1303* (US!), Vargas 17675 (US!)
Departments: Cuzco, Puno, San Martín.
Pitcairnia riparia Mez
Pitcairnia riparia Mez

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I: forests. 500-1500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6156* (B photo US), Harling 3845 (US!)
Pitcairnia rubro-nigriflora Rauh
Pitcairnia rubro-nigriflora Rauh

Pitcairnia ruderalis L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia ruderalis L.B. Sm.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I: disturbed areas. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Chrostoski 66-5B* (US!)
Pitcairnia ruiziana Mez
Pitcairnia ruiziana Mez
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G photo F)
Pitcairnia sagastegui L.B. Sm. & Read
Pitcairnia sagastegui L.B. Sm. & Read

Voucher: Sagástegui et al. 8145* (HUT, US)
Departments: Piura.
Pitcairnia sandemanii L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia sandemanii L.B. Sm.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Sandeman 4586* (K photo US)
Pitcairnia scandens Ule
Pitcairnia scandens Ule
Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Pitcairnia sceptriformis Mez
Pitcairnia sceptriformis Mez
Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Ule 62-P* (B photo US)
Pitcairnia schunkei L.B. Sm. & Read
Pitcairnia schunkei L.B. Sm. & Read

Ecology: Endemic herb. Region uncertain: riversides. .
Pitcairnia serrulata L.B. Sm. & Read

Pitcairnia serrulata L.B. Sm. & Read

Voucher: Berlin 631* (US), Ancuash 221 MO
Pitcairnia sessiliflora Rusby
Pitcairnia sessiliflora Rusby = Pitcairnia lanuginosa Ruiz & Pav.
Pitcairnia smithiorum H. Luther
Pitcairnia smithiorum H. Luther
Reference: Luther, H. E., 1991: 99.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Smith & Smith s.n.* (SEL)
Pitcairnia sprucei Baker
Pitcairnia sprucei Baker
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 20646 (US!)
Pitcairnia stenophylla André

Pitcairnia stenophylla André

Pitcairnia stolonifera L.B. Sm. & Read
Pitcairnia stolonifera L.B. Sm. & Read

Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-2000 m.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. This is probably a synonym of
P. riparia (Luther, pers. comm.).
Voucher: Tillett 673-275* (US)
Pitcairnia straminea Poepp. ex Mez
Pitcairnia straminea Poepp. ex Mez
Voucher: Poeppig 1442* (W lost), Ferreyra 4228 (USM!)
Pitcairnia subfuscopetala Rauh & hebding
Pitcairnia subfuscopetala Rauh & hebding
Reference: Rauh, W. & E. Gross, 1990: 16.

$
Pitcairnia subpetiolata Baker
Pitcairnia subpetiolata Baker = Pitcairnia lanuginosa Ruiz & Pav.
Pitcairnia subulifera L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia subulifera L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Asplund 13163* (US!), Rauh 63828 (HEID)
Pitcairnia tarapotensis Baker
Pitcairnia tarapotensis Baker
Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, rocky slopes. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Spruce s.n.* (K photo GH), Rimachi 4095 (US!)
Pitcairnia trianae André
Pitcairnia trianae André
Pitcairnia trianae André var.trianae
Pitcairnia trianae André var. trianae

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: grasslands. 1500-3000 m.
Departments: Piura.
Pitcairnia truncata L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia truncata L.B. Sm.
Voucher: Killip & Smith 22414* (US!), Iltis & Ugent 233 (US!)
Departments: Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Junín, Loreto.
Pitcairnia umbratilis L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia umbratilis L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Asplund 13162* (US!)
Pitcairnia utcubambensis Rauh
Pitcairnia utcubambensis Rauh

Voucher: Rauhg & Bismarck 53566* (HEID)
Pitcairnia vargasiana L.B. Sm.

Pitcairnia vargasiana L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Vargas 14716* (US)
Departments: Cuzco.
Pitcairnia viridis Mez
Pitcairnia viridis Mez = Puya ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia weberbaueri Mez
Pitcairnia weberbaueri Mez = Puya textoragricolae W. Weber
Reference: Weber, W., 1986: 101.
Pitcairnia wolfei L.B. Sm.
Pitcairnia wolfei L.B. Sm.

Voucher: Wolfe & Dudley 12404* (NA), Dudley 13293 (US!)
Pitcairnia yaupi-bajaensis Rauh
Pitcairnia yaupi-bajaensis Rauh

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Pasco.
Pithecellobium acreanum J.F. Macbr.
Pithecellobium acreanum J.F. Macbr.

Note: Not known from Peru. Propsed for removal from Pithecellobium; however, its
correct generic placement awaits fruiting material of the species (Barneby &
Grimes, pers. comm.).
Pithecellobium adiantifolium (Kunth) Benth.
Pithecellobium adiantifolium (Kunth) Benth. = Macrosamanea discolor (Humb. & Bonpl.

ex Willd.) Britton & Rose ex Britton & Killip

Note: NN
Pithecellobium angustifolium (Rusby) Rusby
Pithecellobium angustifolium (Rusby) Rusby = ?

Note: NN
Pithecellobium arboreum (L.) Urb.
Pithecellobium arboreum (L.) Urb. = Cojoba arborea (L.) Britton & Rose
Pithecellobium auriculatum Benth.

Pithecellobium auriculatum Benth.
Reference: Ducke, A., 1949: 37; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau & L. Stutz de
Ortega, 1989: 344.
Note: Proposed for treatment under Abarema by Barneby & Grimes (pers. comm.).
Pithecellobium basijugum Ducke
Pithecellobium basijugum Ducke = Marmaroxylon basijugum (Ducke) L. Rico
Pithecellobium candidum (Kunth) Benth.
Pithecellobium candidum (Kunth) Benth.
Synonyms: Pithecellobium candidum Kunth

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: desert. 1000-2000 m.
Pithecellobium carbonaria (Britton) Niezgoda & Nevling
Pithecellobium carbonaria (Britton) Niezgoda & Nevling = Albizia carbonaria Britton
Reference: Niezgoda, C. J. & L. I. Nevling, Jr., 1979: 310.
Pithecellobium caribaeum Urb.
Pithecellobium caribaeum Urb. = Albizia niopoides (Spruce ex Benth.) Burkart

Pithecellobium cateniformis (Ducke) L. Cárdenas
Pithecellobium cateniformis (Ducke) L. Cárdenas = Cedrelinga cateniformis

(Ducke) Ducke
Reference: Cárdenas de Guevara, L., 1974: 124.
Pithecellobium cauliflorum (Willd.) Mart.
Pithecellobium cauliflorum (Willd.) Mart. = Zygia cauliflora (Willd.) Killip ex

Record
Pithecellobium chazutense Standl.
Pithecellobium chazutense Standl. = Cojoba chazutensis (Standl.) L. Rico
Pithecellobium coccineum (G. Don) Benth.
Pithecellobium coccineum (G. Don) Benth. = Zygia coccinea (G. Don) L. Rico
Pithecellobium corymbosum (Rich.) Benth.
Pithecellobium corymbosum (Rich.) Benth. = Albizia corymbosa (Rich.) G.P. Lewis &
P.E. Owen

$
Pithecellobium discolor (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) J. F. Macbr
Pithecellobium discolor (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) J. F. Macbr = Macrosamanea

discolor (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Britton & Rose ex Britton & Killip

Pithecellobium divaricatum Benth.
Pithecellobium divaricatum Benth. = Zygia divaricata (Benth.) Pittier
Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth.
Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth.
Synonyms: Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Lyons, Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Willd.,

Pithecellobium dulce Roxb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 54; Rico-Arce, M. de L., 1991: 518.
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Encarnación E-64 (USM!)
Departments: Lima, Piura.
Pithecellobium excelsum (Kunth) Mart.
Pithecellobium excelsum (Kunth) Mart.
Synonyms: Pithecellobium excelsum Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 55; Rico, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I, Coastal: cloud forests, desert, forests,
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Lima, Lambayeque, Tumbes.
$
Pithecellobium floribundum Spruce ex Benth.
Pithecellobium floribundum Spruce ex Benth.

Pithecellobium glomeratum (DC.) Benth.
Pithecellobium glomeratum (DC.) Benth. = Zygia glomerata (DC.) Pittier
Reference: Lewis, G. P. & P. E. Owen, 1989: 47.
Pithecellobium huberi Ducke
Pithecellobium huberi Ducke = Zygia huberi (Ducke) L. Rico
Reference: Ducke, A., 1949: 43; Rico-Arce, M. de L., 1991: 501.
Pithecellobium inaequale (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Benth.
Pithecellobium inaequale (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Benth. = Zygia inaequalis

(Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Pittier
Pithecellobium inundatum (Ducke) Ducke
Pithecellobium inundatum (Ducke) Ducke = Inga inundata Ducke

Note: See note under Inga inundata.
Pithecellobium jupunba (Willd.) Urb.
Pithecellobium jupunba (Willd.) Urb. = Abarema jupunba (Willd.) Britton & Killip
Reference: FP 21: 56; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 161; Rico, pers. comm..
Pithecellobium juruanum Harms
Pithecellobium juruanum Harms = Zygia juruana (Harms) L. Rico
Pithecellobium laetum (Poepp.) Benth.
Pithecellobium laetum (Poepp.) Benth.
Synonyms: Pithecellobium laetum (Poepp.) Britton & Killip, Pithecellobium laetum

Poepp., Pithecellobium laetum Poepp.
Pithecellobium latifolium (L.) Benth.
Pithecellobium latifolium (L.) Benth. = Zygia latifolia (L.) Fawc. & Rendle
Pithecellobium longifolium (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Standl.

Pithecellobium longifolium (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Standl. = Zygia longifolia
(Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Britton & Rose
Pithecellobium macbridei C. Barbosa
Pithecellobium macbridei C. Barbosa = Zygia macbridei (C. Barbosa) L. Rico
Reference: Barbosa, C., 1986: 398; Rico-Arce, M. de L., 1991: 501.

Note: Published as "macbridii."
Pithecellobium macrophyllum Spruce ex Benth.
Pithecellobium macrophyllum Spruce ex Benth. = Zygia macrophylla (Spruce ex Benth.)

L. Rico
Pithecellobium martinianum Standl.
Pithecellobium martinianum Standl. = Zygia macrophylla (Spruce ex Benth.) L. Rico
Pithecellobium mathewsii Benth.
Pithecellobium mathewsii Benth.

Note: Proposed for treatment under Chloroleucon by Barneby & Grimes (pers. comm.)
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (K), Ferreyra 17531 (USM!)
$
Pithecellobium megistocarpum C. Barbosa
Pithecellobium megistocarpum C. Barbosa = Zygia megistocarpa (C. Barbosa) L. Rico
Reference: Barbosa, C., 1986: 404; Rico-Arce, M. de L., 1991: 502.
Pithecellobium microcalyx Spruce ex Benth.
Pithecellobium microcalyx Spruce ex Benth.

Pithecellobium multiflorum (Kunth) Benth.
Pithecellobium multiflorum (Kunth) Benth.
Synonyms: Pithecellobium multiflorum (Kunth) Burkart, Pithecellobium multiflorum

(Kunth) Killip ex Record, Pithecellobium multiflorum (Kunth) Kleinhoonte,
Pithecellobium multiflorum (Kunth) Pittier, Pithecellobium multiflorum Harms,
Pithecellobium multiflorum Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 59; Ducke, A., 1949: 41; Roosmalen, M. G. M. van, 1985:
252.
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Weberbauer 6207 (F)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Cajamarca, Loreto, Piura.
Pithecellobium niopoides Spruce ex Benth.
Pithecellobium niopoides Spruce ex Benth. = Albizia niopoides (Spruce ex Benth.)

Burkart
Reference: FP 21: 60; Burkart, A., 1979: 113; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 164.
$
Pithecellobium oriundum J.F. Macbr.
Pithecellobium oriundum J.F. Macbr. = Zygia oriunda (J.F. Macbr.) L. Rico
Pithecellobium paucipinnatum (Schery) A.H. Gentry & Dodson
Pithecellobium paucipinnatum (Schery) A.H. Gentry & Dodson = Albizia paucipinnata

Schery
Reference: Gentry, A. H., 1988: 1438; Gereau, pers. comm..
Pithecellobium pedicellare (DC.) Benth.
Pithecellobium pedicellare (DC.) Benth. = Macrosamanea pedicellaris (DC.)

Kleinhoonte
Pithecellobium polycarpum Poepp.
Pithecellobium polycarpum Poepp. = Pithecellobium laetum (Poepp.) Benth.
Pithecellobium polycephalum Benth.
Pithecellobium polycephalum Benth. = Albizia polycephala (Benth.) Killip ex Record
$
Pithecellobium ramiflorum Benth.
Pithecellobium ramiflorum Benth. = Marmaroxylon ramiflorum (Benth.) L. Rico
Pithecellobium saman (Jacq.) Benth.
Pithecellobium saman (Jacq.) Benth. = Albizia saman (Jacq.) F. Muell.
Pithecellobium schomburgkii Benth.
Pithecellobium schomburgkii Benth. = Enterolobium schomburgkii (Benth.) Benth.
Reference: FP 21: 65; Mesquita, A. de L., 1990: 168.
Pithecellobium sophorocarpum Benth.
Pithecellobium sophorocarpum Benth. = Cojoba sophorocarpa (Benth.) Britton & Rose

Note: NN
Pithecellobium sophorocarpum var. angustifolium Rusby
Pithecellobium sophorocarpum var. angustifolium Rusby = Cojoba sophorocarpa

(Benth.) Britton & Rose

Note: NN
$
Pithecellobium spruceanum Benth.
Pithecellobium spruceanum Benth. = Macrosamanea spruceana (Benth.) Killip ex Record
Pithecellobium trapezifolium (Vahl) Benth.
Pithecellobium trapezifolium (Vahl) Benth. = Abarema jupunba (Willd.) Britton &

Killip
Pithecellobium umbriflorum Ducke
Pithecellobium umbriflorum Ducke = Marmaroxylon ramiflorum (Benth.) L. Rico
Pithecellobium unifoliolatum Benth.
Pithecellobium unifoliolatum Benth. = Zygia unifoliolata (Benth.) Pittier
Pithecellobium weberbaueri Harms
Pithecellobium weberbaueri Harms = Pithecellobium multiflorum (Kunth) Benth.
Pithecoctenium crucigerum (L.) A.H. Gentry

Pithecoctenium crucigerum (L.) A.H. Gentry
Synonyms: Pithecoctenium crucigerum (Jacq.) Baill., Pithecoctenium crucigerum

Jacq., Pithecoctenium crucigerum L.
Pithecoctenium cynanchoides DC.
Pithecoctenium cynanchoides DC.

Ecology: Cultivated Region uncertain: disturbed areas. .
Voucher: Soukup 5659 (US)
Departments: Lima.
Pithecoctenium echinatum (Jacq.) Baill.
Pithecoctenium echinatum (Jacq.) Baill. = Pithecoctenium crucigerum (L.) A.H.

Gentry
Pitraea cuneato-ovata (Cavanilles) Caro
Pitraea cuneato-ovata (Cavanilles) Caro
Synonyms: Pitraea cuneato-ovata (Cavanilles) Rusby, Pitraea cuneato-ovata Cav.,

Pitraea cuneato-ovata Jussieu
Departments: Ica, La Libertad, Tacna.
$
Pitygentias pinifolia (Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don) Gilg
Pitygentias pinifolia (Ruiz & Pav. ex D. Don) Gilg = Gentianella thyrsoidea (Hook.)
Fabris
Reference: FP 1342: 336; Fabris, H. A., 1958: 88.
Pitygentias thyrsoidea (Hook.) Gilg
Pitygentias thyrsoidea (Hook.) Gilg = Gentianella thyrsoidea (Hook.) Fabris
Reference: FP 1342: 348; Fabris, H. A., 1958: 88.
Pityphyllum laricinum (Kraenzlin) Schltr.
Pityphyllum laricinum (Kraenzlin) Schltr.
Synonyms: Pityphyllum laricinum Kraenzl.

Pityrocarpa adiantoides (Sprengel) Brenan
Pityrocarpa adiantoides (Sprengel) Brenan = Piptadenia adiantoides (Sprengel) J.F.

Macbr.
Reference: Brenan, J. P. M., 1955: 176; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 116.
Pityrocarpa flava (Sprengel ex DC.) Brenan
Pityrocarpa flava (Sprengel ex DC.) Brenan = Piptadenia flava (Sprengel ex DC.)

Benth.
Reference: Brenan, J. P. M., 1955: 176; McVaugh, R., 1987: 231.

$
Pityrocarpa gonoacantha (Mart.) Brenan
Pityrocarpa gonoacantha (Mart.) Brenan = Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F. Macbr.
Reference: Brenan, J. P. M., 1955: 176; Burkart, A., 1979: 274.
Pityrocarpa pteroclada (Benth.) Brenan
Pityrocarpa pteroclada (Benth.) Brenan = Piptadenia pteroclada Benth.
Reference: Brenan, J. P. M., 1955: 177.
Pityrocarpa viridiflora (Kunth) Brenan
Pityrocarpa viridiflora (Kunth) Brenan = Piptadenia viridiflora (Kunth) Benth.
Reference: Brenan, J. P. M., 1955: 177; Lewis, G. P., 1987: 118.
Pityrogramma austroamericana Domin
Pityrogramma austroamericana Domin = ?
Pityrogramma ballivianii (Rosenst.) Domin
Pityrogramma ballivianii (Rosenst.) Domin = ?
$
Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link
Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link
Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link var.calomelanos
Pityrogramma calomelanos (L.) Link var. calomelanos

Pityrogramma calomelanos var.aureoflava (Hook.) Weath. ex L.H. Bailey
Pityrogramma calomelanos var. aureoflava (Hook.) Weath. ex L.H. Bailey

Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5365 ((F!), USM)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lambayeque,
La Libertad.
Pityrogramma calomelanos var. austroamericana (Domin) Farw.
Pityrogramma calomelanos var. austroamericana (Domin) Farw. = ?
Pityrogramma calomelanos var.ochracea (C. Presl) R.M. Tryon
Pityrogramma calomelanos var. ochracea (C. Presl) R.M. Tryon

Pityrogramma calomelanos var. peruviana (Desv.) Farw.
Pityrogramma calomelanos var. peruviana (Desv.) Farw. = ?
Pityrogramma chrysoconia (Desv.) Maxon ex Domin
Pityrogramma chrysoconia (Desv.) Maxon ex Domin

Pityrogramma ferruginea (Kunze) Maxon
Pityrogramma ferruginea (Kunze) Maxon

Pityrogramma ochracea (C. Presl) Domin
Pityrogramma ochracea (C. Presl) Domin = ?
Pityrogramma ornithopteris (Klotzsch) Maxon ex R. Knuth

Pityrogramma ornithopteris (Klotzsch) Maxon ex R. Knuth = ?
Pityrogramma pearcei (T. Moore) Domin
Pityrogramma pearcei (T. Moore) Domin

Voucher: Barbour 4524 (MO!, USM)
Pityrogramma perelegans Domin
Pityrogramma perelegans Domin = ?
Pityrogramma peruviana (Desv.) Maxon
Pityrogramma peruviana (Desv.) Maxon = ?
Pityrogramma presliana Domin
Pityrogramma presliana Domin = ?
Pityrogramma tartarea (Cav.) Maxon

Pityrogramma tartarea (Cav.) Maxon
Pityrogramma tartarea (Cav.) Maxon var.tartarea
Pityrogramma tartarea (Cav.) Maxon var. tartarea

Pityrogramma tartarea var.aurata (T. Moore) R.M. Tryon
Pityrogramma tartarea var. aurata (T. Moore) R.M. Tryon

Pityrogramma trifoliata (L.) R.M. Tryon
Pityrogramma trifoliata (L.) R.M. Tryon

Departments: Amazonas, Apurímac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco,
Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto,
Piura, San Martín, Ucayali.
$
Plagiobothrys aurantiacus Brand
Plagiobothrys aurantiacus Brand = Amsinckia hispida (Ruiz & Pav.) I.M. Johnst.
Plagiobothrys congestus (Weddell) I.M. Johnst.
Plagiobothrys congestus (Weddell) I.M. Johnst. = Plagiobothrys pygmaeus (Kunth)

I.M. Johnst.
Plagiobothrys humilis (R. & P.) I.M. Johnst.
Plagiobothrys humilis (R. & P.) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Plagiobothrys humilis (R. & P.) Greene, Plagiobothrys humilis Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, riversides, shrublands. 2500-4500
m.
Note: Treated as a synonym of Allocarya humilis (R. & P.) Greene in the Flora of
Peru.
Plagiobothrys kunthii (Walpers) I.M. Johnst.
Plagiobothrys kunthii (Walpers) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Plagiobothrys kunthii (A. DC.) Wedd., Plagiobothrys kunthii (Walpers)

J.F. Macbr., Plagiobothrys kunthii (Walpers) J.F. Macbr., Plagiobothrys kunthii A.
DC., Plagiobothrys kunthii Walpers
Note: Not reconfirmed. Treated as a synonym of Allocarya kunthii (Walp.) Macbr.
in the Flora of Peru.
$
Plagiobothrys macbridei I.M. Johnst.
Plagiobothrys macbridei I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Plagiobothrys macbridei (I.M. Johnst.) Ferreyra

Departments: Lima.
Plagiobothrys myosotoides (Lehmann) Brand
Plagiobothrys myosotoides (Lehmann) Brand
Synonyms: Plagiobothrys myosotoides (R. & P.) A. Gray, Plagiobothrys myosotoides

Lehmann, Plagiobothrys myosotoides R. & P., hom. illeg. non L.
Voucher: Pennell 13279 (PH)
Plagiobothrys pygmaeus (Kunth) I.M. Johnst.
Plagiobothrys pygmaeus (Kunth) I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Plagiobothrys pygmaeus (Kunth) J.F. Macbr., Plagiobothrys pygmaeus

(Weddell) I.M. Johnst., Plagiobothrys pygmaeus Kunth, Plagiobothrys pygmaeus Wedd.
Note: Not known from Peru. Cited only from Ecuador in Johnston (1927).
Plagiobothrys tinctorius (R. & P.) A. Gray
Plagiobothrys tinctorius (R. & P.) A. Gray = Plagiobothrys myosotoides (Lehmann)

Brand
$
Plagioceltis dichotoma Mildbraed ex Baehni
Plagioceltis dichotoma Mildbraed ex Baehni = ?
Reference: FP 1231: 272; Todzia, C. A., 1989: 1101.
Plagiocheilus bogotensis (Kunth) Wedd.
Plagiocheilus bogotensis (Kunth) Wedd.
Synonyms: Plagiocheilus bogotensis (H.B.K.) DC., Plagiocheilus bogotensis Benth.,

Plagiocheilus bogotensis Kunth
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui et al. 8076 (F!)
Plagiocheilus frigidus Poepp.
Plagiocheilus frigidus Poepp.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (W), Gentry et al. 19226 (MO!)
Departments: Pasco.
Plagiocheilus prostratus Benth.
Plagiocheilus prostratus Benth. = Plagiocheilus bogotensis (Kunth) Wedd.
Plagiocheilus solivaeformis DC.

Plagiocheilus solivaeformis DC.

Voucher: Pentland s.n.* (P), Macbride & Featherstone 1888 (F!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, La Libertad.
Plagiogyria costaricensis Mett. ex Kuhn
Plagiogyria costaricensis Mett. ex Kuhn = ?
Plagiogyria denticulata Copel.
Plagiogyria denticulata Copel. = ?
Plagiogyria latifolia Copel.
Plagiogyria latifolia Copel. = ?
Plagiogyria semicordata (C. Presl) H. Christ
Plagiogyria semicordata (C. Presl) H. Christ

Voucher: Wurdack 1159 (F!)
$
Planchonella disticha Tiegh.
Planchonella disticha Tiegh. = Krukoviella disticha (Tiegh.) Dwyer
Planotia stuebelii Pilg.
Planotia stuebelii Pilg. = Neurolepis aristata (Munro) Hitchc.
Reference: FP 719: 114; McClure, F. A., 1955: 101.
Plantago afra L.
Plantago afra L.
Synonyms: Plantago afra L.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1375: 277; Rahn, K., 1975: 26.
Plantago amblyacme Pilg.
Plantago amblyacme Pilg. = Plantago linearis Kunth
Reference: FP 1375: 268; Rahn, K., 1981: 308.
Plantago australis Lam.
Plantago australis Lam.
Plantago australis subsp.australis

Plantago australis subsp. australis
Synonyms: Plantago australis australis Delile ex Fischer & Meyer

Reference: Rahn, K., 1974: 76.
Plantago australis subsp. hartwegii (Descaine) Rahn
Plantago australis subsp. hartwegii (Descaine) Rahn = Plantago orbignyana subsp.

hartwegii (Descaine) Rahn
Plantago australis subsp.hirtella (Kunth) Rahn
Plantago australis subsp. hirtella (Kunth) Rahn
Synonyms: Plantago australis hirtella Kunth

Reference: Flora Peru: 1375: 271; Rahn, K., 1974: 83; Rahn, K., 1975: 37.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: cloud forests, disturbed areas, grasslands,
shrublands, terra firme forests. 500-4000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Puno.
Plantago australis subsp.oreades (Decne.) Rahn
Plantago australis subsp. oreades (Decne.) Rahn
Synonyms: Plantago australis oreades Decne.

Plantago australis subsp.pflanzii (Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago australis subsp. pflanzii (Pilg.) Rahn

Synonyms: Plantago australis pflanzii Pilg., Plantago australis pflanzii Wallroth,
nom. nud., Plantago australis subsp. pflanzii Pilg., Plantago australis subsp.
pflanzii Pilg., Plantago australis var. pflanzii Pilg., Plantago australis var.
pflanzii Pilg., Plantago australis var. pflanzii Pilg.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, riversides,
Voucher: Hawkes et al. 5068 (MO!)
Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, Puno.
Plantago australis subsp. pseudomollior Rahn
Plantago australis subsp. pseudomollior Rahn = Plantago orbignyana subsp.

pseudomollior (Rahn) Rahn
Plantago australis subsp.sodiroana (Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago australis subsp. sodiroana (Pilg.) Rahn
Synonyms: Plantago australis sodiroana Pilg., Plantago australis sodiroana Pilg.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes,
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín,
Lambayeque, Piura.
Plantago barneoudii Decne.
Plantago barneoudii Decne. = Plantago linearis Kunth
Plantago compsophylla Pilg.

Plantago compsophylla Pilg. = Plantago sericea var. lanuginosa Griseb.
Plantago congesta R. & P. ex Pilger non R. & P.
Plantago congesta R. & P. ex Pilger non R. & P. = Plantago sericea var. lanuginosa
Griseb.
Plantago congesta Ruiz & Pav.
Plantago congesta Ruiz & Pav. = Plantago sericea var. sericea
Plantago dombeyi Pilg.
Plantago dombeyi Pilg. = Plantago sericea var. sericea
Plantago durvillei Delile ex Fischer & Meyer
Plantago durvillei Delile ex Fischer & Meyer = Plantago australis subsp. australis

Note: NN
Plantago durvillei subsp. pflanzii Pilg.
Plantago durvillei subsp. pflanzii Pilg. = Plantago australis subsp. pflanzii

(Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago durvillei var. grandidens Pilg.
Plantago durvillei var. grandidens Pilg. = Plantago australis subsp. pflanzii

(Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago extensa Pilg.
Plantago extensa Pilg. = Plantago sericea var. lanuginosa Griseb.
Plantago godeti Beauverd
Plantago godeti Beauverd = Plantago lamprophylla Pilg.
Plantago hartwegii Descaine
Plantago hartwegii Descaine = Plantago orbignyana subsp. hartwegii (Descaine) Rahn
Plantago hirsuta Ruiz & Pav.
Plantago hirsuta Ruiz & Pav. = Plantago limensis Pers.

$
Plantago hirtella Kunth
Plantago hirtella Kunth = Plantago australis subsp. hirtella (Kunth) Rahn
Reference: FP 1375: 271; Rahn, K., 1974: 83; Rahn, K., 1975: 37.
Plantago humilior Pilg.
Plantago humilior Pilg. = Plantago myosuros subsp. humilior (Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago humilis Decne.
Plantago humilis Decne. = Plantago myosuros subsp. humilior (Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago lamprophylla Pilg.
Plantago lamprophylla Pilg.
Synonyms: Plantago lamprophylla Beauverd, Plantago lamprophylla Pilg., Plantago

lamprophylla Pilg.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes,
Voucher: Weberbauer 2537* (B), Smith et al. 12552 (MO!)
Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.
Plantago lamprophylla var. humillima Pilg.

Plantago lamprophylla var. humillima Pilg. = Plantago lamprophylla Pilg.
Plantago lanceolata L.
Plantago lanceolata L.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, grasslands. 500-4000 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 4077 (MO!, MOL!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Junín, Lima, La Libertad.
Plantago lasioneura Pilg.
Plantago lasioneura Pilg. = Plantago australis subsp. sodiroana (Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago limensis fo. minima Pilg.
Plantago limensis fo. minima Pilg. = Plantago limensis Pers.
Plantago limensis fo. tenuior Pilg.
Plantago limensis fo. tenuior Pilg. = Plantago limensis Pers.
Plantago limensis Pers.
Plantago limensis Pers.

Synonyms: Plantago limensis Pilg., Plantago limensis Pilg., Plantago limensis Ruiz
& Pav.
Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean I-II, Coastal: cloud forests, lomas, rocky slopes. 0-
3500 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 6443 (MOL!), Sagástegui & Cabanillas 8753 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua,
Tacna.
Plantago linearis Kunth
Plantago linearis Kunth
Synonyms: Plantago linearis Decne., Plantago linearis Descaine, Plantago linearis

Pilg.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 1500-4000 m.
Departments: Huancavelica, Junín, Lima, Piura, Puno.
Plantago luzuloidea Descaine
Plantago luzuloidea Descaine = Plantago linearis Kunth
Plantago macbridei Pilg.
Plantago macbridei Pilg. = Plantago sericea var. sericea
Plantago major L.
Plantago major L.
Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian, Andean I, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas. 0-
1500 m.
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Lima, La Libertad, Loreto, Piura, San Martín.
Plantago monticola Decne.
Plantago monticola Decne. = Plantago sericea subsp. sericans (Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago monticola subsp. crispula Pilg.
Plantago monticola subsp. crispula Pilg. = Plantago sericea var. lanuginosa Griseb.
Plantago monticola subsp. herrerai Pilg.
Plantago monticola subsp. herrerai Pilg. = Plantago sericea var. lanuginosa Griseb.
Plantago monticola var. majuscula Pilg.
Plantago monticola var. majuscula Pilg. = Plantago sericea var. lanuginosa Griseb.
Plantago monticola var. maxima Pilg.
Plantago monticola var. maxima Pilg. = Plantago sericea var. lanuginosa Griseb.
Plantago monticola var. sericans Pilg.
Plantago monticola var. sericans Pilg. = Plantago sericea subsp. sericans (Pilg.)
Rahn
Plantago myosuros Lam.
Plantago myosuros Lam.
Plantago myosuros Lam. subsp.myosuros
Plantago myosuros Lam. subsp. myosuros
Synonyms: Plantago myosuros var. myosuros Pilg.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky slopes,
seasonally inundated areas, shrublands. 0- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Hawkes et al. 5149 (MO!)
Libertad.
Plantago myosuros subsp.humilior (Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago myosuros subsp. humilior (Pilg.) Rahn
Synonyms: Plantago myosuros humilior Decne., Plantago myosuros humilior Pilg.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: rocky slopes. 1500-4000 m.
Voucher: Pennell 13374 p.p. (F)
Departments: Lima, Puno.
$
Plantago myosuros var. parviflora Pilg.
Plantago myosuros var. parviflora Pilg. = Plantago myosuros Lam. subsp. myosuros
Plantago orbignyana Decne.
Plantago orbignyana Decne.
Plantago orbignyana subsp.hartwegii (Descaine) Rahn
Plantago orbignyana subsp. hartwegii (Descaine) Rahn
Synonyms: Plantago orbignyana hartwegii Descaine, Plantago orbignyana subsp.

hartwegii (Descaine) Rahn
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000-4000 m.
Plantago orbignyana subsp.orbignyana
Plantago orbignyana subsp. orbignyana

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3500-4500 m.
Voucher: Maclean s.n.* (P), Núñez & Urrunaga 7673 (MO!)
Plantago orbignyana subsp.pseudomollior (Rahn) Rahn
Plantago orbignyana subsp. pseudomollior (Rahn) Rahn

Synonyms: Plantago orbignyana subsp. pseudomollior Rahn, Plantago orbignyana var.
pseudomollior Pilg.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 1500- > 4500 m.
Departments: Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica,
Junín, Lima, Puno.
Plantago orbignyana var. lasiantha Pilg.
Plantago orbignyana var. lasiantha Pilg. = Plantago orbignyana subsp. pseudomollior

(Rahn) Rahn
Plantago oreades Decne.
Plantago oreades Decne. = Plantago australis subsp. oreades (Decne.) Rahn

Note: NN
Plantago pachyneura Steud.
Plantago pachyneura Steud.

Note: Not known from Peru. Macbride cites the emended description by Pilger in
Bot. Jahrb. 62: 17. 1928.
Plantago pachyneura subsp. pflanzii Pilg.
Plantago pachyneura subsp. pflanzii Pilg. = Plantago australis subsp. pflanzii

(Pilg.) Rahn

$
Plantago pachyneura var. grandidens Pilg.
Plantago pachyneura var. grandidens Pilg. = Plantago australis subsp. pflanzii

(Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago pflanzii Pilg.
Plantago pflanzii Pilg. = Plantago australis subsp. pflanzii (Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago pflanzii var. grandidens Pilg.
Plantago pflanzii var. grandidens Pilg. = Plantago australis subsp. pflanzii

(Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago polyclada Pilg.
Plantago polyclada Pilg. = Plantago sericea subsp. polyclada (Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago psyllium L.
Plantago psyllium L. = Plantago afra L.

Note: NN
$
Plantago rectirostris Wallroth, nom. nud.
Plantago rectirostris Wallroth, nom. nud. = Plantago australis subsp. pflanzii

(Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago rigida Kunth
Plantago rigida Kunth
Synonyms: Plantago rigida Pilg., Plantago rigida Wedd.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000- > 4500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, La Libertad, Pasco.
Plantago rigida var. angustior Pilg.
Plantago rigida var. angustior Pilg. = Plantago rigida Kunth
Plantago rigida var. pusilla Wedd.
Plantago rigida var. pusilla Wedd. = Plantago rigida Kunth
Plantago sericea Ruiz & Pav.
Plantago sericea Ruiz & Pav.

$
Plantago sericea subsp.polyclada (Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago sericea subsp. polyclada (Pilg.) Rahn
Synonyms: Plantago sericea polyclada Pilg.

Ecology. 2000-4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 484* (B photo F!), Aguilar 259 (MO!)
Plantago sericea subsp.sericans (Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago sericea subsp. sericans (Pilg.) Rahn
Synonyms: Plantago sericea sericans Decne., Plantago sericea var. sericans Pilg.
Departments: Cajamarca, Cuzco, La Libertad.
Plantago sericea var.huancayensis Rahn
Plantago sericea var. huancayensis Rahn

Voucher: Soukup 1907* (US), Hodge 6226 (US)
Departments: Huancavelica, Junín.
Plantago sericea var.lanuginosa Griseb.
Plantago sericea var. lanuginosa Griseb.
Synonyms: Plantago sericea lanuginosa Pilg., Plantago sericea lanuginosa Pilg.,

Plantago sericea lanuginosa Pilg., Plantago sericea lanuginosa R. & P. ex Pilger
non R. & P., Plantago sericea subsp. lanuginosa Pilg., Plantago sericea subsp.
lanuginosa Pilg., Plantago sericea var. lanuginosa Pilg., Plantago sericea var.
lanuginosa Pilg.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1375: 268, 270, 275, 279; Rahn, K., 1981: 318.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands.
1500-4500 m.
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huancavelica,
Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Puno.
Plantago sericea var.sericea
Plantago sericea var. sericea
Synonyms: Plantago sericea sericea Pilg., Plantago sericea sericea Pilg., Plantago
sericea sericea Roemer & Schultes, Plantago sericea sericea Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Endemic herb, shrub. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands, rocky
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (B photo F!), Smith 11416 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Junín, Lima, La Libertad,
Pasco.
Plantago sodiroana Pilg.
Plantago sodiroana Pilg. = Plantago australis subsp. sodiroana (Pilg.) Rahn
Plantago tacnensis Pilg.
Plantago tacnensis Pilg.

Voucher: Woitschach 1891*
Departments: Tacna.
$
Plantago tarattothrix Pilg.
Plantago tarattothrix Pilg. = Plantago sericea var. lanuginosa Griseb.
Plantago tomentosa Lam.
Plantago tomentosa Lam.
Plantago tomentosa subsp.tomentosa
Plantago tomentosa subsp. tomentosa

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: terra firme forests. 0-3500 m.
Voucher: Núñez & Vargas 9246 (MO!)
Plantago tubulosa Decne.
Plantago tubulosa Decne.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: bogs, grasslands, rocky slopes. 3000- > 4500
m.
Voucher: Smith & Buddensiek 11247 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Huánuco, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Puno.
Plantago vestita Roemer & Schultes
Plantago vestita Roemer & Schultes = Plantago sericea var. sericea

$
Plantago weberbaueri Pilg.
Plantago weberbaueri Pilg. = Plantago lamprophylla Pilg.
Platanthera foliosa Brongniart
Platanthera foliosa Brongniart = Habenaria repens Nutt. var. repens
Platanthera garberi (Porter) Chapman
Platanthera garberi (Porter) Chapman = Habenaria floribunda Lindl.
Platyaechmea anomala (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Platyaechmea anomala (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Reference: Smith, L. B. & W. J. Kress, 1990: 272.

Platyaechmea chantinii (Carrière) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Platyaechmea chantinii (Carrière) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress = Aechmea chantinii
fo. chantinii
$
Platyaechmea contracta (Mart. ex Schult. f.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Platyaechmea contracta (Mart. ex Schult. f.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress = Aechmea
contracta (Mart. ex Schult. f.) Baker
Platyaechmea moorei (H. Luther) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Platyaechmea moorei (H. Luther) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress = Aechmea moorei H. Luther
Platyaechmea retusa (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Platyaechmea retusa (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress = Aechmea retusa L.B. Sm.
Platyaechmea tessmannii (Harms) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Platyaechmea tessmannii (Harms) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress = Aechmea tessmannii Harms
Platycarpum orinocense Humb. & Bonpl.
Platycarpum orinocense Humb. & Bonpl.
Platycarpum orinocense var.grandiflorum Steyerm.

Platycarpum orinocense var. grandiflorum Steyerm.
Reference: Rogers, G. K., 1984: 119.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Platycentrum clidemioides Naudin
Platycentrum clidemioides Naudin = Leandra clidemioides (Naudin) Wurdack
Platycyamus ulei Harms
Platycyamus ulei Harms

Platymiscium gracile Benth.
Platymiscium gracile Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 268; Klitgaard, pers. comm..

Voucher: Spruce 4228* (K), Ferreyra 4852 (US)
Platymiscium pinnatum (Jacq.) Dugand
Platymiscium pinnatum (Jacq.) Dugand

Synonyms: Platymiscium pinnatum DC., Platymiscium pinnatum Jacq.
Reference: Enrech, N. X. de & G. Agostini, 1987: 116; Klitgaard, pers. comm..
Voucher: Ayala 636 (MO)
Platymiscium stipulare Benth.
Platymiscium stipulare Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 268; Klitgaard, pers. comm..

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, riversides. 0-
1000 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4292* (K), Berlin 269 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Madre de Dios, Loreto, San Martín.
Platyopuntia apurimacensis F. Ritter
Platyopuntia apurimacensis F. Ritter

Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands.
2000-2500 m.
Platyopuntia inaequilaterlis (A. Berger) F. Ritter
Platyopuntia inaequilaterlis (A. Berger) F. Ritter = Opuntia inaequilaterlis A.

Berger
Platyopuntia inaequilaterlis var. angustior F. Ritter

Platyopuntia inaequilaterlis var. angustior F. Ritter = Opuntia inaequilaterlis A.
Berger
Platyopuntia infesta F. Ritter
Platyopuntia infesta F. Ritter

Ecology: Endemic Climbing or sprawling cactus. Andean II: rocky slopes, shrublands.
2500-3000 m.
Platyopuntia nana (Kunth) F. Ritter
Platyopuntia nana (Kunth) F. Ritter = Opuntia pubescens Wendland ex Pfeiffer
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1255; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 53.
Platyopuntia quitensis (A. Weber) F. Ritter
Platyopuntia quitensis (A. Weber) F. Ritter = Opuntia quitensis A. Weber
Reference: Ritter, F., 1981: 1255; Madsen, J. E., 1989: 55; Hunt, D., 1992: 120.
Platyopuntia soehrensii (Britton & Rose) F. Ritter
Platyopuntia soehrensii (Britton & Rose) F. Ritter = Opuntia soehrensii Britton &
Rose
Reference: Ritter, F., 1980: 411; Navarro, G. & A. Galán de Mera, 1991: 113;
Hunt, D., 1992: 120.
$
Platypodium elegans var. major Benth.
Platypodium elegans var. major Benth. = Platypodium viride Vogel

Note: NN
Platypodium viride Vogel
Platypodium viride Vogel
Synonyms: Platypodium viride Benth.

Platysema triquetrum Hoffmanns. ex Benth.
Platysema triquetrum Hoffmanns. ex Benth. = Centrosema triquetrum (Hoffmanns. ex

Benth.) Benth.
Reference: Barbosa-Fevereiro, V. P., 1977: 170.
Platystachys cinerascens Beer
Platystachys cinerascens Beer = Tillandsia disticha Kunth
Platystachys disticha (Willd. ex Schult.f.) Beer
Platystachys disticha (Willd. ex Schult.f.) Beer = Vriesea heliconioides var.

heliconioides

$
Platystachys floribunda (Kunth) Beer
Platystachys floribunda (Kunth) Beer = Tillandsia floribunda Kunth
Platystachys juncea (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer
Platystachys juncea (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer = Tillandsia juncea (Ruiz & Pav.) Poir.
Platystachys kunthiana (Gaudich.) Beer
Platystachys kunthiana (Gaudich.) Beer = Tillandsia latifolia Meyen var. latifolia
Platystachys latifolia (Meyen) C. Koch
Platystachys latifolia (Meyen) C. Koch = Tillandsia latifolia Meyen var. latifolia
Platystachys parviflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer
Platystachys parviflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer = Tillandsia parviflora Ruiz & Pav. var.
parviflora
$
Platystachys purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer
Platystachys purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Beer = Tillandsia purpurea Ruiz & Pav.
Platystachys scoparia Beer
Platystachys scoparia Beer = Tillandsia purpurea Ruiz & Pav.
Platystele examen-culicum Luer
Platystele examen-culicum Luer

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Luer 13813 (MO)
Platystele lancilabris (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Platystele lancilabris (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Synonyms: Platystele lancilabris (Rchb. f.) Schltr., Platystele lancilabris Rchb.

f.
Note: Not known from Peru. . Known from Costa Rica.
Platystele lancilabris var. oxyglossa (Schlechter) Schltr.
Platystele lancilabris var. oxyglossa (Schlechter) Schltr. = Platystele oxyglossa

(Schltr.) Garay
Platystele misera (Lindl.) Garay
Platystele misera (Lindl.) Garay
Synonyms: Platystele misera (Lindl.) Kuntze, Platystele misera Lindl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 27; Luer, C. A., 1990: 72.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Mathews 3197* (K), Luer 14764 (MO!)
Platystele oxyglossa (Schltr.) Garay
Platystele oxyglossa (Schltr.) Garay
Synonyms: Platystele oxyglossa (Schlechter) C. Schweinf., Platystele oxyglossa

(Schlechter) Schltr., Platystele oxyglossa Schltr., Platystele oxyglossa Schltr.
Voucher: Luer 13812 (MO!)
Platystele pisifera (Lindl.) Luer
Platystele pisifera (Lindl.) Luer
Synonyms: Platystele pisifera Lindl., Platystele pisifera Lindl.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Platystele rauhii Luer

Platystele rauhii Luer

Voucher: Luer 11426* (MO!), Sagástegui et al. 12168 (MO)
Platystele stenostachya (Rchb. f.) Garay
Platystele stenostachya (Rchb. f.) Garay
Synonyms: Platystele stenostachya Rchb. f.

Platythelys peruviana Garay
Platythelys peruviana Garay = Erythrodes peruviana (Garay) Dodson
Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 24.
Plazia conferta Ruiz & Pav.
Plazia conferta Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Woytkowski 52 (USM), Woytkowski 52 (USM)
Plazia daphnoides Wedd.
Plazia daphnoides Wedd.

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Weddell s.n.* (P photo F), Keel 698 (USM)
Plecosorus peruvianus Fée
Plecosorus peruvianus Fée = ?
Plectrophora cultrifolia (Barb. Rodr. ) Cogn.
Plectrophora cultrifolia (Barb. Rodr. ) Cogn.
Synonyms: Plectrophora cultrifolia Barb. Rodr.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Pleiostachyopiper nudilimbum (C. DC.) Killip, Smith & Trelease
Pleiostachyopiper nudilimbum (C. DC.) Killip, Smith & Trelease = Piper nudilimbum
C. DC.

Note: hom. illeg.
Pleiostachyopiper nudilimbum Trel.
Pleiostachyopiper nudilimbum Trel. = Piper nudilimbum C. DC.
$
Pleonotoma auriculatum Schumann ex Sprague
Pleonotoma auriculatum Schumann ex Sprague = Pleonotoma melioides (S. Moore) A.H.

Gentry
Pleonotoma brittonii Rusby
Pleonotoma brittonii Rusby = Pleonotoma melioides (S. Moore) A.H. Gentry
Pleonotoma clematis (Kunth) Miers
Pleonotoma clematis (Kunth) Miers
Synonyms: Pleonotoma clematis Kranzlin, Pleonotoma clematis Kunth

Note: Not known from Peru. The specimens cited in the Flora of Peru were
misidentified.
Pleonotoma dendrotricha Sandwith
Pleonotoma dendrotricha Sandwith

Pleonotoma flavida (A. DC.) Miers
Pleonotoma flavida (A. DC.) Miers = Memora flavida (A. DC.) Bureau & K. Schum.
Pleonotoma melioides (S. Moore) A.H. Gentry
Pleonotoma melioides (S. Moore) A.H. Gentry
Synonyms: Pleonotoma melioides Rusby, Pleonotoma melioides S. Moore, Pleonotoma

melioides Schumann ex Sprague
Pleonotoma uleanum Kranzlin
Pleonotoma uleanum Kranzlin = Pleonotoma clematis (Kunth) Miers

Note: NN
Pleonotoma variabilis (Jacq.) Miers
Pleonotoma variabilis (Jacq.) Miers
Synonyms: Pleonotoma variabilis Jacq.

Voucher: Revilla 1661 (AMAZ!, MO!)
Pleroma coronatum Triana
Pleroma coronatum Triana = Brachyotum coronatum (Triana) Wurdack
Pleroma maurocarpum Triana

Pleroma maurocarpum Triana = Tibouchina pleromoides (Naud.) J.F. Macbr.
Plettkea cryptantha Mattf.
Plettkea cryptantha Mattf.

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. This taxon may be better
placed in the genus Pycnophyllum.
Voucher: Raimondi s.n.* (B)
Plettkea macrophylla (Muschl.) Mattf.
Plettkea macrophylla (Muschl.) Mattf. = Pycnophyllum macrophyllum Muschl.
Plettkea tetrasticha Mattf.
Plettkea tetrasticha Mattf. = Pycnophyllum mattfeldii J.F. Macbr.
Plettkea weberbaueri Mattf.
Plettkea weberbaueri Mattf. = Pycnophyllum weberbaueri Muschl.
$
Pleuranthodendron lindenii (Turcz.) Sleumer
Pleuranthodendron lindenii (Turcz.) Sleumer
Synonyms: Pleuranthodendron lindenii (Sleumer) J.F. Macbr., Pleuranthodendron

lindenii Sleumer, Pleuranthodendron lindenii Turcz.
Note:
Pleurisanthes flava Sandwith
Pleurisanthes flava Sandwith
Reference: Flora Peru: 693: 226; Howard, R. A., 1942: 48.

Ecology: Native liana, shrub. Amazonian: forests on white sand, terra firme
forests. 0-500 m.
Pleuropetalum pleiogynum (Kuntze) Standl.
Pleuropetalum pleiogynum (Kuntze) Standl.
Synonyms: Pleuropetalum pleiogynum Kuntze

Reference: Eliasson, U., 1987: 7.
Pleuropetalum sprucei (Hook. f.) Standl.
Pleuropetalum sprucei (Hook. f.) Standl.
Synonyms: Pleuropetalum sprucei Hook. f.

Note: No Peruvian specimens are cited by Eliasson (1987); Killip & Smith 23002
cited by the Flora of Peru is redetermined as P. pleiogynum (Eliasson, 1987).
Departments: Ayacucho, Tumbes.
Pleurostachys millegrana (Nees) Steud.
Pleurostachys millegrana (Nees) Steud.
Synonyms: Pleurostachys millegrana Nees

Reference: Kuekenthal, G., 1952: 474.
Pleurostachys pearcei C.B. Clarke
Pleurostachys pearcei C.B. Clarke
Synonyms: Pleurostachys pearcei (C.B. Clarke) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 303; Kuekenthal, G., 1952: 467.
Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. No Peruvian specimens are
cited by Kukenthal (1950).
Pleurostachys peruviana C.B. Clarke
Pleurostachys peruviana C.B. Clarke
Synonyms: Pleurostachys peruviana (C.B. Clarke) J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Flora Peru: 735: 303; Kuekenthal, G., 1952: 462.
Pleurothallis abbreviata Schltr.

Pleurothallis abbreviata Schltr.

Pleurothallis acuminata (Kunth) Lindl.
Pleurothallis acuminata (Kunth) Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis acuminata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis acuminata C.

Schweinf., Pleurothallis acuminata Kunth, Pleurothallis acuminata Lindl.
Pleurothallis acutiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Mansf.
Pleurothallis acutiflora (Ruiz & Pav.) Mansf. = Stelis acutiflora (R. & P.) Willd.
Pleurothallis affinis Lindl.
Pleurothallis affinis Lindl. = Myoxanthus affinis (Lindl.) Luer
Reference: FP 1467: 271; Luer, C. A., 1982: 35; Luer, C. A., 1992: 13.
Pleurothallis agathophylla Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis agathophylla Rchb. f.

$
Pleurothallis albida Lindl.
Pleurothallis albida Lindl. = Pleurothallis obovata (Lindl.) Lindl.
Pleurothallis amygdalodora Kraenzl.
Pleurothallis amygdalodora Kraenzl.

Note: Not reconfirmed. According to Luer (pers. comm.), this taxon belongs in
Trichosalpinx.
Pleurothallis angustilabia Schltr.
Pleurothallis angustilabia Schltr.

Departments: Puno.
Pleurothallis angustipetala C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis angustipetala C. Schweinf. = Pleurothallis acuminata (Kunth) Lindl.
Pleurothallis angustisegmenta C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis angustisegmenta C. Schweinf. = Barbosella cucullata (Lindl.) Schltr.

Pleurothallis antennifera Lindl.
Pleurothallis antennifera Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis antennifera (Lindley) Kuntze

Pleurothallis aphthosa Lindl.
Pleurothallis aphthosa Lindl.

Pleurothallis araguensis Ames
Pleurothallis araguensis Ames = Pleurothallis lindenii Lindl.
Pleurothallis arbuscula Lindl.
Pleurothallis arbuscula Lindl. = Trichosalpinx arbuscula (Lindl.) Luer
Reference: FP 1467: 274; 1510: 22; Luer, C. A., 1983: 394; Dodson, pers. comm..
Pleurothallis archidonae Lindl.

Pleurothallis archidonae Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis archidonae (Lindl.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis arcuata Lindl.
Pleurothallis arcuata Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 19; Luers, pers. comm..

Pleurothallis aristata Hook.
Pleurothallis aristata Hook.

Pleurothallis aryter Luer
Pleurothallis aryter Luer

Voucher: Fuchs s.n.* (SEL)
Pleurothallis aspasicensis Rchb. f.

Pleurothallis aspasicensis Rchb. f. = Myoxanthus aspasicensis (Rchb. f.) Luer
Pleurothallis asperilinguis Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Pleurothallis asperilinguis Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis asperilinguis (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis attenuata Rolfe
Pleurothallis attenuata Rolfe

Note: Not reconfirmed. Probably a synonym of P. setigera (Luer, pers. comm.).
Pleurothallis aurea Lindl.
Pleurothallis aurea Lindl. = Pleurothallis acuminata (Kunth) Lindl.
Pleurothallis bicornis Lindl.
Pleurothallis bicornis Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis bicornis (Lindl.) Kuntze

Reference: Flora Peru: 1467: 276; Schweinfurth, C., 1951: 84; Dodson, pers. comm..
Departments: Cuzco.
$
Pleurothallis bogotensis Lindl.
Pleurothallis bogotensis Lindl. = Pleurothallis phalangifera (C. Presl) Schltr.
Pleurothallis boliviana Schltr.
Pleurothallis boliviana Schltr. = Pleurothallis grandiflora Lindl.
Pleurothallis brachyblephara Schltr.
Pleurothallis brachyblephara Schltr.

Pleurothallis bracteosa C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis bracteosa C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Hutchison 1772* (AMES)
Departments: Cuzco.
Pleurothallis brevispicata C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis brevispicata C. Schweinf. = Trichosalpinx brevispicata (C. Schweinf.)

Luer
Pleurothallis buchtienii Schltr.
Pleurothallis buchtienii Schltr.

Pleurothallis cajamarcae Schltr.
Pleurothallis cajamarcae Schltr.

Pleurothallis canaligera Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis canaligera Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis canaligera Kraenzl.

Pleurothallis cardiocrepis Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis cardiocrepis Rchb. f.

$
Pleurothallis cardiostola Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis cardiostola Rchb. f.

Pleurothallis carinata C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis carinata C. Schweinf.
Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 3757* (AMES)
Departments: Cuzco.
Pleurothallis carnosifolia C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis carnosifolia C. Schweinf.
Departments: Cuzco.
Pleurothallis casapensis Lindl.
Pleurothallis casapensis Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis casapensis (Lindl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis casapensis

Schltr.
Voucher: Mathews 1830* , Bennett 573 (UC)
$
Pleurothallis cassidis Lindl.
Pleurothallis cassidis Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis cassidis (Lindl.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis caudatipetala C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis caudatipetala C. Schweinf.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1467: 281; Schweinfurth, C., 1951: 88#.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 1000-2500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 1307* , Vargas 3367
Pleurothallis caulescens Lindl.
Pleurothallis caulescens Lindl. = Frondaria caulescens (Lindl.) Luer
Pleurothallis cauliflora Lindl.
Pleurothallis cauliflora Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis cauliflora (Lindl.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis cedralensis Ames

Pleurothallis cedralensis Ames = Trichosalpinx cedralensis (Ames) Luer
Pleurothallis ceratothallis Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis ceratothallis Rchb. f. = Myoxanthus ceratothallis (Rchb. f.) Luer
Pleurothallis chamaelepanthes Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis chamaelepanthes Rchb. f. = Trichosalpinx chamaelepanthes (Rchb. f.)

Luer
Pleurothallis chamensis Lindl.
Pleurothallis chamensis Lindl.
Pleurothallis chamensis var.chamensis
Pleurothallis chamensis var. chamensis
Synonyms: Pleurothallis chamensis chamensis (Lindl.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis chamensis var.tenuis C. Schweinf.

Pleurothallis chamensis var. tenuis C. Schweinf.

Pleurothallis chanchamayoensis C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis chanchamayoensis C. Schweinf.

Pleurothallis chuquiribambae Kraenzl.
Pleurothallis chuquiribambae Kraenzl. = Ponthieva sylvicola Rchb. f.
Note: NN
Pleurothallis ciliaris (Lindl.) L.O. Williams
Pleurothallis ciliaris (Lindl.) L.O. Williams = Trichosalpinx ciliaris (Lindl.)

Luer
Pleurothallis ciliata Knowles & Westcott
Pleurothallis ciliata Knowles & Westcott = Pleurothallis lanceana Lodd.
$
Pleurothallis ciliata var. abbreviata C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis ciliata var. abbreviata C. Schweinf. = Pleurothallis lanceana Lodd.
Pleurothallis ciliata var. elongata C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis ciliata var. elongata C. Schweinf. = Pleurothallis lanceana Lodd.
Pleurothallis citrina Schltr.
Pleurothallis citrina Schltr. = Pleurothallis obovata (Lindl.) Lindl.
Pleurothallis citrina var. elliptica C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis citrina var. elliptica C. Schweinf. = Pleurothallis obovata (Lindl.)

Lindl.
Pleurothallis coccinea Hooker
Pleurothallis coccinea Hooker = Rodriguezia lanceolata Ruiz & Pav.
Pleurothallis coffeicola Schltr.

Pleurothallis coffeicola Schltr. = Pleurothallis casapensis Lindl.
Pleurothallis complicata Rolfe
Pleurothallis complicata Rolfe = Pleurothallis revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Pleurothallis convoluta Kraenzl.
Pleurothallis convoluta Kraenzl. = Pleurothallis papillisepala Schltr.

Note: NN
Pleurothallis cordata (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl.
Pleurothallis cordata (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis cordata (Ruiz & Pav.) Willd., Pleurothallis cordata Ruiz &
Pav.
Pleurothallis crateriformis C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis crateriformis C. Schweinf.
$
Pleurothallis crocodilanthe Lindl.
Pleurothallis crocodilanthe Lindl. = Pleurothallis xiphizusa (Rchb. f. & Warsz.)

Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis crocodiliceps Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis crocodiliceps Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 22; Luers, pers. comm..

Pleurothallis cyathiflora C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis cyathiflora C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Pleurothallis dasychila Luer
Pleurothallis dasychila Luer

Ecology. .
Voucher: Hutchison & Wright 3832 (UC)
$
Pleurothallis declivis Lindl.
Pleurothallis declivis Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis declivis (Lindl.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis decurrens Poepp. & Endl.
Pleurothallis decurrens Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis decurrens (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze

Voucher: Poeppig 1604* , Woytkowski 5249A
Pleurothallis deregularis (Barb. Rodr. ) Luer
Pleurothallis deregularis (Barb. Rodr. ) Luer
Synonyms: Pleurothallis deregularis Barb. Rodr.

Pleurothallis dichotoma (Poeppig & Endlicher) Schltr.
Pleurothallis dichotoma (Poeppig & Endlicher) Schltr.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis dichotoma Poepp. & Endl.

Note: Not reconfirmed. According to Luer (pers. comm.), this species is not a
Pleurothallis.
$
Pleurothallis diffusa Poepp. & Endl.
Pleurothallis diffusa Poepp. & Endl. = Pleurothallis revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Reference: FP 1467: 293, 295; 1510: 28; Garay, L. A., 1962: 520.
Pleurothallis diffusa var. grandiflora (C. Schweinfurth) C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis diffusa var. grandiflora (C. Schweinfurth) C. Schweinf. =

Pleurothallis penduliflora Kraenzl.
Pleurothallis dilatata C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis dilatata C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Stork & Horton 10388* (UC)
Pleurothallis dinotherii Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Pleurothallis dinotherii Rchb. f. & Warsz. = Trichosalpinx arbuscula (Lindl.) Luer
Reference: FP 1467: 295, 296; 1510: 22; Luer, C. A., 1983: 395; Luer, pers. comm..
Pleurothallis diptera Lindl.
Pleurothallis diptera Lindl. = Trichosalpinx arbuscula (Lindl.) Luer

$
Pleurothallis discophylla Luer & Carnevali
Pleurothallis discophylla Luer & Carnevali
Reference: Luer, C. A. & G. Carnevali, 1993: 158.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Kujikat 94* (MO!)
Pleurothallis diuturna Schltr.
Pleurothallis diuturna Schltr. = Pleurothallis erinacea Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis divaricans Schltr.
Pleurothallis divaricans Schltr.

Voucher: Kohler s.n.*
Pleurothallis dura Lindl.
Pleurothallis dura Lindl. = Trichosalpinx dura (Lindl.) Luer
Pleurothallis echinocarpa C. Schweinf.

Pleurothallis echinocarpa C. Schweinf.

Pleurothallis emarginata Lindl.
Pleurothallis emarginata Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis emarginata (Lindl.) Lindl., Pleurothallis emarginata Pavon

ex Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 223; Christenson, pers. comm..
Pleurothallis erinacea Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis erinacea Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis erinacea (Rolfe) Schltr., Pleurothallis erinacea Hashimoto,

Pleurothallis erinacea Rolfe, Pleurothallis erinacea Schltr., Pleurothallis
erinacea Schltr., Pleurothallis erinacea Schltr.
Reference: Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 156; Carnevali & Luer, pers.
comm..
Pleurothallis erythrogramma Luer & Carnevali
Pleurothallis erythrogramma Luer & Carnevali
Reference: Luer, C. A. & G. Carnevali, 1993: 160.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests on white sand.
0-500 m.
$
Pleurothallis exasperata Lindl.
Pleurothallis exasperata Lindl. = Myoxanthus exasperatus (Lindl.) Luer
Pleurothallis excisa C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis excisa C. Schweinf.

Departments: Cuzco.
Pleurothallis fimbriata Lindl.
Pleurothallis fimbriata Lindl. = Pleurothallis miqueliana (Focke) Lindl.
Pleurothallis fimbrilabia C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis fimbrilabia C. Schweinf.

Note: Not reconfirmed. According to Luer (pers. comm.), this species belongs in
Restrepia.
Pleurothallis flexuosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
Pleurothallis flexuosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.

Synonyms: Pleurothallis flexuosa (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis flexuosa C.
Schweinf., Pleurothallis flexuosa Poepp. & Endl.
Voucher: Poeppig 1515* , Foster 9360 (MO!)
Pleurothallis floribunda (Lindl.) Poepp. & Endl.
Pleurothallis floribunda (Lindl.) Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis floribunda Kunth

Pleurothallis floripecten Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis floripecten Rchb. f. = Lepanthopsis floripecten (Rchb. f.) Ames
Pleurothallis fonsflorum Lindl.
Pleurothallis fonsflorum Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis fonsflorum (Lindl.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis fritillaria Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis fritillaria Rchb. f.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: riversides. 2500-3000 m.
Note: According to Luer (pers. comm.), this is a synonym of P. restrepioides.
Voucher: King & Bishop 9266 (MO!)
Pleurothallis frutex Schltr.
Pleurothallis frutex Schltr. = Myoxanthus frutex (Schltr.) Luer
Pleurothallis frutex var. robusta C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis frutex var. robusta C. Schweinf. = Myoxanthus gyas (Luer & Vasquez)
Luer
Pleurothallis fumioi Hashimoto
Pleurothallis fumioi Hashimoto
Reference: Hashimoto, T., 1971: 174; Luer, pers. comm..

Note: Not known from Peru. . Known from Bolivia. According to Luer (pers. comm.)
this taxon is from Bolivia.
Pleurothallis furcifera Luer
Pleurothallis furcifera Luer

Voucher: Kuhn 15* (SEL)
$
Pleurothallis furfuracea Lehmann & Kraenzlin
Pleurothallis furfuracea Lehmann & Kraenzlin = Myoxanthus affinis (Lindl.) Luer
Pleurothallis galeata Lindl.
Pleurothallis galeata Lindl.

Pleurothallis gelida Lindl.
Pleurothallis gelida Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis gelida (Lindl.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis genychila Schltr.
Pleurothallis genychila Schltr. = Pleurothallis revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Pleurothallis gigantea Lindl.
Pleurothallis gigantea Lindl.

Synonyms: Pleurothallis gigantea (Lindl.) Kuntze
Voucher: Mathews s.n.*
Pleurothallis graciliscapa C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis graciliscapa C. Schweinf.
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean I: rocky slopes. 500-1500 m.
Voucher: Carpenter 103* (AMES), Allard 20820
Pleurothallis graminea Schltr.
Pleurothallis graminea Schltr. = Frondaria caulescens (Lindl.) Luer
Pleurothallis grandiflora Lindl.
Pleurothallis grandiflora Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis grandiflora (Lindl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis grandiflora

Schltr.
Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Hall s.n.*
Departments: Tacna.
Pleurothallis grobyi Bateman ex Lindl.
Pleurothallis grobyi Bateman ex Lindl.

Synonyms: Pleurothallis grobyi (Bateman ex Lindl.) Kuntze
Pleurothallis gyas Luer & Vasquez
Pleurothallis gyas Luer & Vasquez = Myoxanthus gyas (Luer & Vasquez) Luer
Pleurothallis hemirhoda Lindl. & Paxton
Pleurothallis hemirhoda Lindl. & Paxton
Synonyms: Pleurothallis hemirhoda (Lindl. & Paxton) Kuntze, Pleurothallis hemirhoda

Lindl., Pleurothallis hemirhoda Lindl.
Voucher: Klug 3634
Pleurothallis hirsuticaulis Ames & C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis hirsuticaulis Ames & C. Schweinf. = Myoxanthus hirsuticaulis (Ames &

C. Schweinf.) Luer
Pleurothallis hirsutissima C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis hirsutissima C. Schweinf. = Dresslerella hirsutissima (C. Schweinf.)

Luer
Reference: FP 1467: 310; 1510: 23; Luer, C. A., 1978: 185; Luer, C. A., 1988: 8.
$
Pleurothallis hitchcockii Ames
Pleurothallis hitchcockii Ames
Synonyms: Pleurothallis hitchcockii C. Schweinf.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 23; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 157;
Luer, pers. comm..
Pleurothallis huanucoensis Schltr.
Pleurothallis huanucoensis Schltr. = Pleurothallis xanthochlora Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis humboldtiana Luer
Pleurothallis humboldtiana Luer

Pleurothallis imraei Lindl.
Pleurothallis imraei Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis imraei Schltr., Pleurothallis imraei Schltr.

Departments: Pasco.
$
Pleurothallis inaequisepala C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis inaequisepala C. Schweinf. = Trichosalpinx inaequisepala (C.

Schweinf.) Luer
Pleurothallis juninensis Schltr.
Pleurothallis juninensis Schltr.
Pleurothallis juninensis var.angustifolia C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis juninensis var. angustifolia C. Schweinf.
Ecology. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Macbride 3847* (F), Schunke 1123
Pleurothallis juninensis var.juninensis
Pleurothallis juninensis var. juninensis

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: forests, rocky slopes. 500-2500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 1974* , López & Sagástegui 5413 (MO!)
Pleurothallis juninensis var.subaequisepala C. Schweinf.

Pleurothallis juninensis var. subaequisepala C. Schweinf.

Pleurothallis kennedyi Luer
Pleurothallis kennedyi Luer

Voucher: Kennedy s.n.* (SEL)
Pleurothallis kerrii P. Braga
Pleurothallis kerrii P. Braga

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Pleurothallis kuhnae Luer
Pleurothallis kuhnae Luer

Voucher: Kuhn s.n.* (SEL)
Pleurothallis lanceana Lodd.

Pleurothallis lanceana Lodd.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis lanceana C. Schweinf., Pleurothallis lanceana C. Schweinf.,

Pleurothallis lanceana Knowles & Westcott
Pleurothallis lanceolata Lindl.
Pleurothallis lanceolata Lindl. = Pleurothallis pedunculata (Klotzsch) Rchb. f.
Reference: FP 1438: 199, 210; 1467: 314; Luer, pers. comm..

Note: NN
Pleurothallis lanceolata var. gracilis C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis lanceolata var. gracilis C. Schweinf. = Pleurothallis schweinfurthii

Garay
Pleurothallis lancilabris (Rchb. f.) Schltr.
Pleurothallis lancilabris (Rchb. f.) Schltr. = Platystele lancilabris (Rchb. f.)

Schltr.

Note: NN
Pleurothallis lancilabris var. oxyglossa (Schlechter) C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis lancilabris var. oxyglossa (Schlechter) C. Schweinf. = Platystele

oxyglossa (Schltr.) Garay
Reference: FP 1467: 315; Luer, C. A., 1990: 85; Luer, pers. comm..
Note: NN
$
Pleurothallis lancipetala (Karsten) Schltr.
Pleurothallis lancipetala (Karsten) Schltr. = Myoxanthus ceratothallis (Rchb. f.)

Luer
Pleurothallis lindenii Lindl.
Pleurothallis lindenii Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis lindenii (Lindl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis lindenii Ames

Pleurothallis lindenii var. gigantea Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis lindenii var. gigantea Rchb. f. = Pleurothallis secunda var. secunda
Pleurothallis lindenii var. longiracema C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis lindenii var. longiracema C. Schweinf. = Pleurothallis secunda var.

secunda
Pleurothallis lindenii var. pumila Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis lindenii var. pumila Rchb. f. = Pleurothallis secunda var. secunda

$
Pleurothallis linearis (Lindl.) Lindl.
Pleurothallis linearis (Lindl.) Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis linearis Lindl.

Note: Not known from Peru. . Known from Mexico.
Pleurothallis linguifera Lindl.
Pleurothallis linguifera Lindl.

Ecology. 1500-3000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison et al. 6073 (MO!)
Pleurothallis longicaulis Lindl.
Pleurothallis longicaulis Lindl.

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Note: According to Luer (pers. comm.), this is a synonym of P. auriculata.
Pleurothallis longiserpens C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis longiserpens C. Schweinf.

Pleurothallis loranthophylla Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis loranthophylla Rchb. f.

Note: According to Luer (pers. comm.), this taxon is from Costa Rica and Venezuela.

Pleurothallis macroblepharis Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis macroblepharis Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis macroblepharis Hort., Pleurothallis macroblepharis Hort.

Voucher: Roezl s.n.*
Pleurothallis macrophylla Kunth
Pleurothallis macrophylla Kunth = Pleurothallis floribunda (Lindl.) Poepp. & Endl.
Pleurothallis macrophylla Lindl.
Pleurothallis macrophylla Lindl.

$
Pleurothallis macrorhiza Lindl.
Pleurothallis macrorhiza Lindl. = Pleurothallis spiralis (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl.
Pleurothallis magnipetala C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis magnipetala C. Schweinf.
Ecology: Endemic epiphytic herb. Andean II: riversides. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 3128* (AMES), Vargas 6784
Departments: Cuzco.
Pleurothallis mathewsii Lindl.
Pleurothallis mathewsii Lindl. = Pleurothallis phalangifera (C. Presl) Schltr.
Pleurothallis mediocarinata C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis mediocarinata C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Hutchison 1765* (UC)
Departments: Cuzco.
Pleurothallis mentosa Cogn.

Pleurothallis mentosa Cogn.

Pleurothallis microptera Schltr.
Pleurothallis microptera Schltr. = Restrepiopsis microptera (Schltr.) Luer
Reference: FP 1510: 27, 32; Luer, C. A., 1991: 100.
Pleurothallis miqueliana (Focke) Lindl.
Pleurothallis miqueliana (Focke) Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis miqueliana (Lindl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis miqueliana Focke,

Pleurothallis miqueliana Lindl.
Pleurothallis misera Lindl.
Pleurothallis misera Lindl. = Platystele misera (Lindl.) Garay
Reference: FP 1467: 320; 1510: 27; Luer, C. A., 1990: 72.
Pleurothallis multicaulis Poepp. & Endl.
Pleurothallis multicaulis Poepp. & Endl. = Pleurothallis ruscifolia (Jacq.) R. Br.
$
Pleurothallis muricata Hashimoto
Pleurothallis muricata Hashimoto = Pleurothallis erinacea Rchb. f.
Reference: Hashimoto, T., 1987: 35; Carnevali, pers. comm..

Note: nom. illeg.
Pleurothallis muricata Schltr.
Pleurothallis muricata Schltr. = Pleurothallis erinacea Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis myoxanthus Schltr.
Pleurothallis myoxanthus Schltr. = Myoxanthus monophyllus Poepp. & Endl.
Pleurothallis nakatae Hashimoto
Pleurothallis nakatae Hashimoto

Voucher: Nakata 626* (TNS)
Pleurothallis navicularis Lindl.
Pleurothallis navicularis Lindl.
Reference: Dodson & Luer, pers. comm..

Pleurothallis nigro-hirsuta Kraenzl.
Pleurothallis nigro-hirsuta Kraenzl.
Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Note: Probably a synonym of P. acuminata (Luer, pers. comm.).
Pleurothallis obovata (Lindl.) Lindl.
Pleurothallis obovata (Lindl.) Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis obovata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis obovata C.

Schweinf., Pleurothallis obovata Lindl., Pleurothallis obovata Lindl.,
Pleurothallis obovata Rchb. f., Pleurothallis obovata Schltr.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Pleurothallis octomeriaeformis Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis octomeriaeformis Rchb. f. = Pleurothallis obovata (Lindl.) Lindl.
Pleurothallis otopetalum (F.C. Lehm. & Kraenzl.) Schltr.
Pleurothallis otopetalum (F.C. Lehm. & Kraenzl.) Schltr.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis otopetalum F. Lehm. & Kraenzl.

$
Pleurothallis oxapampae Luer
Pleurothallis oxapampae Luer

Voucher: Luer & Luer 3830* (SEL)
Departments: Pasco.
Pleurothallis oxyglossa Schltr.
Pleurothallis oxyglossa Schltr. = Platystele oxyglossa (Schltr.) Garay
Note: NN
Pleurothallis pachyrhachis A. Rich.
Pleurothallis pachyrhachis A. Rich. = Bulbophyllum pachyrhachis (A. Rich.) Griseb.
Pleurothallis pantasmoides C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis pantasmoides C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis pantasmoides C. Schweinf.

Reference: Schweinfurth, C., 1951: 98; Dodson, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 1500-3000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 6499* (AMES), Díaz & Osores 2601 (MO!)
Pleurothallis papillisepala Schltr.

Pleurothallis papillisepala Schltr.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis papillisepala Kraenzl.

Pleurothallis parvifolia Lindl.
Pleurothallis parvifolia Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis parvifolia (Lindl.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis pedunculata (Klotzsch) Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis pedunculata (Klotzsch) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis pedunculata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis pedunculata

(Rchb. f.) Klotzsch, Pleurothallis pedunculata Lindl.
Note: Not known from Peru. Knowm from Colombia and Venezuela.
Pleurothallis pedunculata var.peruviana C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis pedunculata var. peruviana C. Schweinf.


Synonyms: Pleurothallis penduliflora (C. Schweinfurth) C. Schweinf., Pleurothallis

penduliflora C. Schweinf.
Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Pleurothallis peniculus Schltr.
Pleurothallis peniculus Schltr. = Lepanthopsis peniculus (Schltr.) Garay

Note: NN
Pleurothallis phalangifera (C. Presl) Schltr.
Pleurothallis phalangifera (C. Presl) Schltr.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis phalangifera (Lindl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis phalangifera C.

Presl, Pleurothallis phalangifera Lindl., Pleurothallis phalangifera Lindl.
Voucher: Haenke s.n.* , Hutchison & Bennett 4553 (MO!)
Pleurothallis phyllostachys Schltr.
Pleurothallis phyllostachys Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1467: 326; Dodson & Luer, pers. comm..
Pleurothallis picta Lindl.

Pleurothallis picta Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis picta (Lindl.) Kuntze

Reference: Flora Peru: 1467: 309; Christenson & Luer, pers. comm..
Pleurothallis piscifera Lindl.
Pleurothallis piscifera Lindl. = Platystele pisifera (Lindl.) Luer
Pleurothallis pisifera Lindl.
Pleurothallis pisifera Lindl. = Platystele pisifera (Lindl.) Luer
Pleurothallis pittieri Schltr.
Pleurothallis pittieri Schltr. = Pleurothallis velaticaulis Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis plantaginea (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl.
Pleurothallis plantaginea (Poepp. & Endl.) Lindl. = Masdevallia plantaginea (Poepp.

& Endl.) Cogn.
$
Pleurothallis poeppigii Lindl.
Pleurothallis poeppigii Lindl. = Myoxanthus monophyllus Poepp. & Endl.
Pleurothallis polygonoides Griseb.
Pleurothallis polygonoides Griseb.

Pleurothallis procumbens Lindl.
Pleurothallis procumbens Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis procumbens Cogn.

Pleurothallis pruinosa Lindl.
Pleurothallis pruinosa Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis pruinosa (Lindl.) Kuntze

Departments: Pasco.
Pleurothallis pubescens Lindl.

Pleurothallis pubescens Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 28, 30; Dodson, C. H. & D. E. Bennett Jr., 1989: 158.
Voucher: Bennett 1510 (UC)
Departments: Pasco.
Pleurothallis purpurea (R. & P.) Schltr.
Pleurothallis purpurea (R. & P.) Schltr. = Stelis purpurea (Ruiz & Pav.) Willd.
Pleurothallis pusilla (Kunth) Lindl.
Pleurothallis pusilla (Kunth) Lindl. = Trichosalpinx pusilla (Kunth) Luer
Pleurothallis quadrata C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis quadrata C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis remotiflora C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis remotiflora C. Schweinf. = Pleurothallis flexuosa (Poepp. & Endl.)

Lindl.
$
Pleurothallis restrepioides Lindl.
Pleurothallis restrepioides Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis restrepioides (Lindl.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis retusiloba C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis retusiloba C. Schweinf.

Departments: Cuzco.
Pleurothallis revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Pleurothallis revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Synonyms: Pleurothallis revoluta (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis revoluta

(Rchb. f.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Willd., Pleurothallis
revoluta Poepp. & Endl., Pleurothallis revoluta Rchb. f., Pleurothallis revoluta
Rolfe, Pleurothallis revoluta Ruiz & Pav., Pleurothallis revoluta Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1510: 28; Garay, L. A., 1962: 520.
Departments: Cuzco, Pasco, San Martín.
Pleurothallis rhizomatosa Schltr.
Pleurothallis rhizomatosa Schltr. = Pleurothallis spiralis (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl.

$
Pleurothallis rhodotantha Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis rhodotantha Rchb. f.

Pleurothallis rhynchantha (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) L.O. Williams
Pleurothallis rhynchantha (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) L.O. Williams = Barbosella cucullata

(Lindl.) Schltr.
Reference: FP 1467: 330; 1510: 32; Luer, pers. comm..
Pleurothallis rigidifolia Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis rigidifolia Rchb. f. = Myoxanthus affinis (Lindl.) Luer
Pleurothallis ringens C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis ringens C. Schweinf. = Pleurothallis hitchcockii Ames
Pleurothallis rubens Lindl.
Pleurothallis rubens Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis rubens (Lindl.) Kuntze

$
Pleurothallis ruberrima Lindl.
Pleurothallis ruberrima Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis ruberrima (Lindl.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis rubroviridis Lindl.
Pleurothallis rubroviridis Lindl.

Pleurothallis rufescens (Rolfe) Schltr.
Pleurothallis rufescens (Rolfe) Schltr. = Pleurothallis erinacea Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis ruscifolia (Jacq.) R. Br.
Pleurothallis ruscifolia (Jacq.) R. Br.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis ruscifolia (Jacq.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis ruscifolia (Jacq.)

Sw., Pleurothallis ruscifolia Jacq., Pleurothallis ruscifolia Lindl., Pleurothallis
ruscifolia Pavon ex Lindl., Pleurothallis ruscifolia Poepp. & Endl.
Voucher: Foster & Wachter 7373 (MO!)
Departments: Huánuco, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
$
Pleurothallis scabrata Lindl.
Pleurothallis scabrata Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis scabrata (Lindl.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis scabrilinguis Lindl.
Pleurothallis scabrilinguis Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis scabrilinguis (Lindl.) Kuntze

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Pleurothallis scandens Ames
Pleurothallis scandens Ames = Myoxanthus scandens (Ames) Luer
Note: NN
Pleurothallis scandens var. simplicicaulis C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis scandens var. simplicicaulis C. Schweinf. = Myoxanthus simplicicaulis

(C. Schweinf.) Luer

Note: NN
$
Pleurothallis schulzeana Schltr.
Pleurothallis schulzeana Schltr. = Platystele oxyglossa (Schltr.) Garay
Note: NN
Pleurothallis schweinfurthii Garay
Pleurothallis schweinfurthii Garay
Synonyms: Pleurothallis schweinfurthii C. Schweinf.

Pleurothallis sclerophylla Lindl.
Pleurothallis sclerophylla Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis sclerophylla (Loddiges ex Lindl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis

sclerophylla Loddiges ex Lindl.
Ecology. 2000-4500 m.
Voucher: Núñez & Luna 8883 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Pleurothallis scurrula Luer
Pleurothallis scurrula Luer

Pleurothallis secunda Poepp. & Endl.

Pleurothallis secunda Poepp. & Endl.
Pleurothallis secunda var. longiracema C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis secunda var. longiracema C. Schweinf. = Pleurothallis secunda var.

secunda
Pleurothallis secunda var.secunda
Pleurothallis secunda var. secunda
Synonyms: Pleurothallis secunda secunda (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis

secunda var. secunda C. Schweinf., Pleurothallis secunda var. secunda C. Schweinf.,
Pleurothallis secunda var. secunda Rchb. f., Pleurothallis secunda var. secunda
Rchb. f.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Voucher: Vargas 2663
Departments: Cuzco.
Pleurothallis semipellucida Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis semipellucida Rchb. f. = Pleurothallis revoluta (Ruiz & Pav.) Garay
Pleurothallis semipellucida var. grandiflora C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis semipellucida var. grandiflora C. Schweinf. = Pleurothallis

penduliflora Kraenzl.
Reference: FP 1467: 294; 1510: 29.

$
Pleurothallis semiscabra Lindl.
Pleurothallis semiscabra Lindl. = Maxillaria semiscabra (Lindl.) Ortiz
Pleurothallis serripetala Kraenzl.
Pleurothallis serripetala Kraenzl. = Myoxanthus serripetalus (Kraenzl.) Luer
Pleurothallis setigera Lindl.
Pleurothallis setigera Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis setigera (Lindl.) Kuntze

Voucher: Bennett 1202 (UC)
Pleurothallis sicaria Lindl.
Pleurothallis sicaria Lindl.

Pleurothallis sicariopsis Luer
Pleurothallis sicariopsis Luer

Pleurothallis simplicilabia C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis simplicilabia C. Schweinf.

Note: Not known from Peru. . Known from Venezuela.
Pleurothallis smithiana Lindl.
Pleurothallis smithiana Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis smithiana (Lindley) Kuntze

Reference: Flora Peru: 1467: 341; 1510: 28, 30; Luer, pers. comm..
Note: Not reconfirmed. According to Luer (pers. comm.), probably a synonym of P.
pubescens.
Pleurothallis sororia Schltr.
Pleurothallis sororia Schltr. = Pleurothallis erinacea Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis spathata Schltr.
Pleurothallis spathata Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1467: 342; 1510: 30; Luer, pers. comm..
$
Pleurothallis spathulifolia C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis spathulifolia C. Schweinf.

Pleurothallis speciosa Luer
Pleurothallis speciosa Luer = Myoxanthus speciosus (Luer) Luer

Note: NN
Pleurothallis spiralis (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl.
Pleurothallis spiralis (Ruiz & Pav.) Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis spiralis (Lindl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis spiralis (Ruiz &

Pav.) Pers., Pleurothallis spiralis Lindl., Pleurothallis spiralis Ruiz & Pav.,
Pleurothallis spiralis Schltr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 215; 1467: 344; Luer, pers. comm..
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: rocky slopes, shrublands. 2500-4000 m.
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Piura.
Pleurothallis stelidioides Schltr.
Pleurothallis stelidioides Schltr.

$
Pleurothallis stenopetala Loddiges ex Lindl.
Pleurothallis stenopetala Loddiges ex Lindl. = Pleurothallis sclerophylla Lindl.
Reference: FP 1467: 344; 1510: 29, 30.
Pleurothallis stenostachya Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis stenostachya Rchb. f. = Platystele stenostachya (Rchb. f.) Garay
Pleurothallis stumpflei Luer
Pleurothallis stumpflei Luer

Pleurothallis succosa Lindl.
Pleurothallis succosa Lindl. = Pleurothallis ruscifolia (Jacq.) R. Br.
Pleurothallis syringifolia Kraenzl.
Pleurothallis syringifolia Kraenzl. = Pleurothallis canaligera Rchb. f.
$
Pleurothallis talpinaria (Karsten) Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis talpinaria (Karsten) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis talpinaria Karsten, Pleurothallis talpinaria Schltr.

Pleurothallis tentaculata (Poeppig & Endlicher) Lindl.
Pleurothallis tentaculata (Poeppig & Endlicher) Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis tentaculata (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis

tentaculata Poepp. & Endl.
Pleurothallis tenuifolia C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis tenuifolia C. Schweinf.

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean II: forests. .
Pleurothallis tenuifolia var.longisepala C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis tenuifolia var. longisepala C. Schweinf.

$
Pleurothallis tenuis C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis tenuis C. Schweinf. = Trichosalpinx tenuis (C. Schweinf.) Luer
Pleurothallis trachychlamys Schltr.
Pleurothallis trachychlamys Schltr. = Myoxanthus trachychlamys (Schltr.) Luer
Pleurothallis trachysepala Kraenzl.
Pleurothallis trachysepala Kraenzl.

Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Pleurothallis trialata Cogn.
Pleurothallis trialata Cogn. = Pleurothallis procumbens Lindl.
Reference: FP 1467: 350; 1510: 28, 30; Dodson, pers. comm..
Pleurothallis tricarinata Poepp. & Endl.
Pleurothallis tricarinata Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis tricarinata (Poepp. & Endl.) Barb. Rodr., Pleurothallis

tricarinata (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze
Pleurothallis tricaudata Schltr.
Pleurothallis tricaudata Schltr. = Trichosalpinx arbuscula (Lindl.) Luer
Pleurothallis tridentata Klotzsch
Pleurothallis tridentata Klotzsch
Synonyms: Pleurothallis tridentata (Klotzsch) Kuntze

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: rocky slopes. 1000-2000 m.
Pleurothallis trilineata Lindl.
Pleurothallis trilineata Lindl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis trilineata (Lindl.) Kuntze

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: forests, shrublands. 2500-4000 m.
Note: According to Luer (pers. comm.), this is a synonym of P. pulchella.
Pleurothallis trimeroglossa Schltr.
Pleurothallis trimeroglossa Schltr. = Pleurothallis talpinaria (Karsten) Rchb. f.

$
Pleurothallis tripterantha Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis tripterantha Rchb. f.

Pleurothallis trulla Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Pleurothallis trulla Rchb. f. & Warsz.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis trulla (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis tunguraguae Lehm. & Kraenzl.
Pleurothallis tunguraguae Lehm. & Kraenzl.
Pleurothallis umbraticola Schltr.
Pleurothallis umbraticola Schltr. = Pleurothallis imraei Lindl.
Pleurothallis undulata Poepp. & Endl.

Pleurothallis undulata Poepp. & Endl.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis undulata (Poepp. & Endl.) Kuntze

Pleurothallis unilateralis Cogn.
Pleurothallis unilateralis Cogn. = Lepanthopsis floripecten (Rchb. f.) Ames
Pleurothallis vaginata Schltr.
Pleurothallis vaginata Schltr. = Pleurothallis imraei Lindl.
Reference: FP 1467: 353; 1510: 24, 30; Luer, pers. comm..
Pleurothallis vargasii C. Schweinf.
Pleurothallis vargasii C. Schweinf.

Ecology. 3500-4000 m.
Pleurothallis velaticaulis Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis velaticaulis Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis velaticaulis (Rchb. f.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis velaticaulis

Schltr.
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I-II: elfin forests, rocky slopes. 1000-3000
m.
Departments: Apurímac, Junín, San Martín.
Pleurothallis verruculosa Kraenzl.
Pleurothallis verruculosa Kraenzl.

Voucher: Weberbauer 4180* (B photo AMES)
Pleurothallis vittata Lindl.
Pleurothallis vittata Lindl. = Pleurothallis hemirhoda Lindl. & Paxton
Pleurothallis wageneriana Klotzsch
Pleurothallis wageneriana Klotzsch

Pleurothallis xanthochlora Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis xanthochlora Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis xanthochlora (Rchb. f.) Kuntze, Pleurothallis xanthochlora

Schltr.
Ecology: Native epiphytic or terrestrial herb. Andean I-II: forests. 1000-3000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Pleurothallis xiphizusa (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Rchb. f.
Pleurothallis xiphizusa (Rchb. f. & Warsz.) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Pleurothallis xiphizusa Lindl., Pleurothallis xiphizusa Rchb. f. & Warsz.

Pleurothyrium amplifolium (Mez) Rohwer
Pleurothyrium amplifolium (Mez) Rohwer
Synonyms: Pleurothyrium amplifolium Mez

Pleurothyrium bifidum Nees
Pleurothyrium bifidum Nees

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2398* (W), Ancuash 602 (MO!)
Pleurothyrium chrysophyllum Nees
Pleurothyrium chrysophyllum Nees = Pleurothyrium cuneifolium Nees

$
Pleurothyrium chrysothyrsus Meisn.
Pleurothyrium chrysothyrsus Meisn.

Note: This species probably belongs in Rhodostemonodaphne (van der Werff, pers.
comm.).
Pleurothyrium cuneifolium Nees
Pleurothyrium cuneifolium Nees
Synonyms: Pleurothyrium cuneifolium Nees, Pleurothyrium cuneifolium Nees

Ecology. 0-2000 m.
Martín, Ucayali.
Pleurothyrium densiflorum A.C. Sm.
Pleurothyrium densiflorum A.C. Sm. = Pleurothyrium parviflorum Ducke
Pleurothyrium ferrugineum Meisn.
Pleurothyrium ferrugineum Meisn. = Ocotea arnottiana (Nees) van der Werff
Pleurothyrium intermedium (Mez) Rohwer

Pleurothyrium intermedium (Mez) Rohwer
Synonyms: Pleurothyrium intermedium Mez

Voucher: Pesha 10 (MO!)
Pleurothyrium krukovii A.C. Sm.
Pleurothyrium krukovii A.C. Sm. = Pleurothyrium poeppigii Nees
Pleurothyrium macranthum Nees
Pleurothyrium macranthum Nees = Pleurothyrium cuneifolium Nees
Pleurothyrium maximum O. Schmidt
Pleurothyrium maximum O. Schmidt

Voucher: Tessmann 4040* (B!), Tessmann 4529 (B!)
Pleurothyrium nobile A.C. Sm.
Pleurothyrium nobile A.C. Sm.
$
Pleurothyrium panurense (Meisn.) Mez
Pleurothyrium panurense (Meisn.) Mez
Synonyms: Pleurothyrium panurense Meisn.
Pleurothyrium parviflorum Ducke
Pleurothyrium parviflorum Ducke
Synonyms: Pleurothyrium parviflorum A.C. Sm.
Pleurothyrium poeppigii Nees
Pleurothyrium poeppigii Nees
Synonyms: Pleurothyrium poeppigii A.C. Sm.

Voucher: Poeppig s.n.* (B photo F), van der Werff 8288 (MO!)
Pleurothyrium trianae (Mez) Rohwer
Pleurothyrium trianae (Mez) Rohwer
Synonyms: Pleurothyrium trianae Mez

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Pleurothyrium undulatum (Meisn.) Rohwer

Pleurothyrium undulatum (Meisn.) Rohwer
Synonyms: Pleurothyrium undulatum (Meisn.) Mez, Pleurothyrium undulatum Meisn.
Pleurothyrium williamsii O.C. Schmidt
Pleurothyrium williamsii O.C. Schmidt

Voucher: Williams 1766* (B!), Vásquez & Jaramillo 13078 (MO!)
Plicula umbellata (R. & P.) Raf.
Plicula umbellata (R. & P.) Raf. = Iochroma umbellatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Hunziker ex
D'Arcy
Plinia clausa McVaugh
Plinia clausa McVaugh

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 5287* (NY!)
Plinia duplipilosa McVaugh
Plinia duplipilosa McVaugh

Voucher: Killip & Smith 28007* (F!)
Plinia inflata McVaugh
Plinia inflata McVaugh

Plinia involucrata (O. Berg) McVaugh
Plinia involucrata (O. Berg) McVaugh
Synonyms: Plinia involucrata O. Berg

Plinia pinnata L.
Plinia pinnata L.

Pluchea absinthioides (Hook. & Arn.) H. Rob.
Pluchea absinthioides (Hook. & Arn.) H. Rob.
Synonyms: Pluchea absinthioides (Hook. & Arn.) DC., Pluchea absinthioides Hook. &
Arn.
Ecology: Native shrub, subshrub. Andean II: cloud forests. 2000-2500 m.
Voucher: Hinkley 33 (F!)
Pluchea chingoyo (Kunth) DC.
Pluchea chingoyo (Kunth) DC.
Synonyms: Pluchea chingoyo Kunth

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I, Coastal: shrublands. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Bonpland 3758* (P frag F), Dillon & Whalen 4006 (F, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Junín, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura,
Tacna.
Pluchea microcephala Godfrey
Pluchea microcephala Godfrey

Ecology: Endemic herb. Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Dillon et al. s.n. (F!, HUT)
Pluchea zamalloae (Cabrera) H. Rob. & Cuatrec.
Pluchea zamalloae (Cabrera) H. Rob. & Cuatrec.
Synonyms: Pluchea zamalloae Cabrera

Ecology: Endemic shrub. Andean II-III: dry valleys. 1500-4000 m.
Voucher: Zamalloa 1007* (LP), Ferreyra 9875 (MO, USM)
Plukenetia brachybotrya Müll. Arg.

Plukenetia brachybotrya Müll. Arg.
Synonyms: Plukenetia brachybotrya (Müll. Arg.) J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G-DC), Croat 20058 (MO!)
Plukenetia buchtienii Pax
Plukenetia buchtienii Pax
Synonyms: Plukenetia buchtienii (Pax) Pax & K. Hoffm.

Plukenetia loretensis Ule
Plukenetia loretensis Ule
Synonyms: Plukenetia loretensis (Ule) Pax & K. Hoffm.

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: forests on white sand. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Ule 6837* (photo MO!), Jones 9668 (MO!)
Plukenetia macrostyla Ule
Plukenetia macrostyla Ule = Plukenetia polyadenia Müll. Arg.
Plukenetia penninervia Müll. Arg.

Plukenetia penninervia Müll. Arg.
Reference: Webster, G. L. & M. J. Huft, 1988: 1105.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Note: No Peruvian material cited by Webster & Huft (1988), but voucher cited here
was determined by Huft in 1990.
Voucher: Ayala 2248 (MO)
Plukenetia peruviana Müll. Arg.
Plukenetia peruviana Müll. Arg. = Plukenetia volubilis L.
Plukenetia polyadenia Müll. Arg.
Plukenetia polyadenia Müll. Arg.
Synonyms: Plukenetia polyadenia (Müll. Arg.) Ducke, Plukenetia polyadenia Ule

Reference: Flora Peru: 674: 116; Webster, pers. comm..
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2385* , Díaz et al. 1157 (DAV)
Plukenetia volubilis L.
Plukenetia volubilis L.
Synonyms: Plukenetia volubilis Müll. Arg.

Ecology. 0-2000 m.
Martín.
Plumbago auriculata Lam.

Plumbago auriculata Lam.
Synonyms: Plumbago auriculata Thunb.

Reference: Luteyn, J. L., 1990: 41.
Ecology: Introduced herb, subshrub, vine. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas.
0-3500 m.
Plumbago capensis Thunb.
Plumbago capensis Thunb. = Plumbago auriculata Lam.
Plumbago coerulea Kunth
Plumbago coerulea Kunth

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub, vine. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas,
forests, grasslands, lomas. 0-3500 m.
Voucher: Bonpland s.n.* (P-H & B), Sullivan et al. 845 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Junín, Lima, Piura.
Plumbago indica L. in Stickman
Plumbago indica L. in Stickman

Ecology: Introduced herb, subshrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Plumbago scandens L.
Plumbago scandens L.

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas,
rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-2500 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui & Diestra 11472 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huánuco, Lambayeque, Lima, Piura, San Martín,
Tumbes.
Plumeria acutifolia Poir.
Plumeria acutifolia Poir. = Plumeria rubra L.
Plumeria articulata Vahl
Plumeria articulata Vahl = Himatanthus articulatus (Vahl) Woodson
Reference: FP 1343: 393; Plumel, M.-M., 1991: 60.

Note: NN
Plumeria bicolor Ruiz & Pav.
Plumeria bicolor Ruiz & Pav. = Plumeria rubra L.
Plumeria bracteata A. DC.
Plumeria bracteata A. DC. = Himatanthus bracteatus var. bracteatus
Reference: Plumel, M.-M., 1991: 75.
$
Plumeria carinata Ruiz & Pav.
Plumeria carinata Ruiz & Pav. = Plumeria rubra L.
Plumeria floribunda Müll. Arg.
Plumeria floribunda Müll. Arg. = Himatanthus lancifolius (Müll. Arg.)

Woodson

Note: NN
Plumeria incarnata Mill.
Plumeria incarnata Mill. = Plumeria rubra L.
Plumeria lancifolia Müll. Arg.
Plumeria lancifolia Müll. Arg. = Himatanthus lancifolius (Müll. Arg.)

Woodson
Reference: Plumel, M.-M., 1991: 60.

Note: NN
Plumeria lutea Ruiz & Pav.
Plumeria lutea Ruiz & Pav. = Plumeria rubra L.
$
Plumeria purpurea Ruiz & Pav.
Plumeria purpurea Ruiz & Pav. = Plumeria rubra L.
Plumeria rubra L.
Plumeria rubra L.
Synonyms: Plumeria rubra Mill., Plumeria rubra Poir., Plumeria rubra Ruiz & Pav.,
Plumeria rubra Ruiz & Pav., Plumeria rubra Ruiz & Pav., Plumeria rubra Ruiz & Pav.,
Plumeria rubra Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas. 0-1000 m.
Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Lima, Loreto.
Plumeria sucuuba Spruce ex Muell. Arg.
Plumeria sucuuba Spruce ex Muell. Arg. = Himatanthus sucuuba (Spruce ex Muell.

Arg.) Woodson
Reference: FP 1343: 393; Spichiger, R., J. Meroz, P. Loizeau, & L. Stutz de Ortega,
1990: 415.
Plumeria tarapotensis Schumann ex Markgr.
Plumeria tarapotensis Schumann ex Markgr. = Himatanthus tarapotensis (Schumann ex

Markgr.) Plumel

Note: Treated as a synonym of H. sucuuba in the Flora of Peru.
Plumeria tricolor Ruiz & Pav.

Plumeria tricolor Ruiz & Pav. = Plumeria rubra L.
Plutarchia angulata A.C. Sm.
Plutarchia angulata A.C. Sm.

Poa acutiflora Kunth
Poa acutiflora Kunth = Eragrostis acutiflora (Kunth) Nees
Poa adusta J. Presl
Poa adusta J. Presl

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. Listed in the Flora of Peru
and Tovar (1965) as an uncertain species.
Poa aequatoriensis Hack.
Poa aequatoriensis Hack.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-II: grasslands, rocky slopes. 1000-3500 m.
Voucher: Wurdack 944 (US, USM)
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Huancavelica,
Lima.
$
Poa aequigluma Tovar
Poa aequigluma Tovar

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 4000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Tovar 1126* (US), Tovar 2564 (MO!, USM)
Departments: Ancash, Huancavelica, Junín, Pasco.
Poa aestivalis J. Presl
Poa aestivalis J. Presl = Poa annua L.
Poa algida Trin.
Poa algida Trin. = Poa annua L.
Poa amabilis L.
Poa amabilis L. = Eragrostis amabilis (L.) Wight & Arn. ex Nees
Poa anae Tovar
Poa anae Tovar

Voucher: Tovar et al. 9257* (US, USM!)
Poa androgyna Hack.
Poa androgyna Hack. = Poa horridula Pilg.
Poa annua L.
Poa annua L.
Synonyms: Poa annua J. Presl, Poa annua Nees & Meyen, Poa annua Tovar, Poa annua
Trin.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests,
grasslands, lomas, riversides. 0-4000 m.
Note: One of the most widespread plant species in the world.
Departments: Arequipa, Ancash, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín,
Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.
Poa asperiflora Hack.
Poa asperiflora Hack.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500-4500 m.
Voucher: Smith & Escalona 10138 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Junín, Lima.
Poa atrovirens Desf.

Poa atrovirens Desf. = Eragrostis atrovirens (Desf.) Trin. ex Steud.
Reference: Koch, S. D., 1978: 393.
Poa ayacuchensis Tovar
Poa ayacuchensis Tovar

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: shrublands, riversides. 3500-4000 m.
Voucher: Tovar & Foguel 7007* (USM!)
Poa brevis Hitchc.
Poa brevis Hitchc.

Poa bromoides Vahl
Poa bromoides Vahl
Synonyms: Poa bromoides (Vahl) Steud.

Note: Identity and origin uncertain. Type cultivated but questionably attributed to
Peru.
Poa candamoana Pilg.

Poa candamoana Pilg.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands. 3000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 472* (B), Peyton & Peyton 713 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín,
Lima, Moquegua, Pasco, Puno.
Poa carazensis Pilg.
Poa carazensis Pilg.

Voucher: Weberbauer 3073* (MOL), Sagástegui et al. 9647 (MO!)
Poa chamaeclinos Pilg.
Poa chamaeclinos Pilg.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: bogs. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5118* (B), Hutchison & Tovar 4261 (MO!)
Poa cilianensis All.
Poa cilianensis All. = Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Vign. ex Janchen
Poa ciliaris L.
Poa ciliaris L. = Eragrostis ciliaris (L.) R. Br.

$
Poa curvula Schrad.
Poa curvula Schrad. = Eragrostis curvula (Schrad.) Nees
Poa dentigluma Tovar
Poa dentigluma Tovar

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. 4000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Tovar et al. 9173* (US, USM!)
Poa dissanthelioides Tovar
Poa dissanthelioides Tovar

Voucher: Tovar 6529* (USM!)
Poa dumetorum Hack.
Poa dumetorum Hack. = Poa horridula Pilg.
$
Poa elongata Willd.
Poa elongata Willd. = Eragrostis elongata (Willd.) Jacq.
Note: NN
Poa ferreyrae Tovar
Poa ferreyrae Tovar

Ecology. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 7619* (US!), Ellenberg 1718 (US!)
Departments: Lima, La Libertad.
Poa fibrifera Pilg.
Poa fibrifera Pilg.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: forests, grasslands, rocky slopes. 2500-4000
m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2662* (MOL), Sagástegui et al. 11809 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín, Lima,
La Libertad.
Poa geniculata Tovar
Poa geniculata Tovar

Voucher: Anderson 1265* (US)
Poa gilgiana Pilg.

Poa gilgiana Pilg.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 477* (B), Smith 5649 (MO!)
Departments: Arequipa, Junín, Puno.
Poa glaberrima Tovar
Poa glaberrima Tovar

Voucher: Hitchcock 22216* (US), Tovar 6447 (MO!)
Departments: Huancavelica, Junín.
Poa glomerata Walter
Poa glomerata Walter = Eragrostis glomerata (Walter) L.H. Dewey
Reference: FP 719: 133; Pohl, R. W., 1980: 214.
Poa gymnantha Pilg.
Poa gymnantha Pilg.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 6905* (MOL), Peyton & Peyton 704 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín, Puno.
Poa horridula Pilg.

Poa horridula Pilg.
Synonyms: Poa horridula Hack., Poa horridula Hack., Poa horridula Steud. ex Lechler
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II-III: grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 3000-
4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3113* (MOL), Núñez et al. 7053 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica, Junín,
Lima, Moquegua, Pasco, Puno.
Poa huancavelicae Tovar
Poa huancavelicae Tovar

Voucher: Tovar 2846* (USM), Ellenberg 449 (MO!)
Poa humillima Pilg.
Poa humillima Pilg.

Ecology. 4000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2602* (B), Hutchison & Tovar 4260 (US!, USM)
Poa hypnoides Lam.
Poa hypnoides Lam. = Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) Britton, Sterns & Poggenb.
Poa infirma Kunth

Poa infirma Kunth
Reference: 0010982, : 334; Tovar, O., 1986: 56.

Voucher: Mueller et al. 723A (LZ)
Poa jelskii Hack.
Poa jelskii Hack. = Poa subspicata (J. Presl) Kunth
Poa laetovirens R.E. Fr.
Poa laetovirens R.E. Fr.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Pearson & Pearson 98 (US)
Departments: Puno.
Poa lilloi Hack.
Poa lilloi Hack.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: rocky slopes. 3500- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra 5260 (US, USM!)
Poa marshallii Tovar
Poa marshallii Tovar

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Lloyd & Marshall 241* (K)
Poa maypurensis Kunth
Poa maypurensis Kunth = Eragrostis maypurensis (Kunth) Steud.
Reference: Judziewicz, E. J., 1990[1991]: 212; Killeen, T. J., 1990: 155.
Poa megastachya Koeler
Poa megastachya Koeler = Eragrostis cilianensis (All.) Vign. ex Janchen
Poa mexicana Hornem.
Poa mexicana Hornem. = Eragrostis mexicana subsp. mexicana
Poa mexicana Lag.
Poa mexicana Lag. = Eragrostis mexicana subsp. mexicana
Poa meyenii Nees & Meyen
Poa meyenii Nees & Meyen = Poa annua L.

$
Poa monandra Hack.
Poa monandra Hack. = Poidium monandrum (Hack.) Matthei
Reference: FP 719: 129; Tovar, O., 1965: 61; Matthei, O., 1975: 103.
Poa montufari Kunth
Poa montufari Kunth = Eragrostis pastoensis (Kunth) Trin.
Reference: FP 719: 134;; Peterson, pers. comm..
Poa nigricans Kunth
Poa nigricans Kunth = Eragrostis nigricans (Kunth) Steud.
Poa nigriflora Hitchc.
Poa nigriflora Hitchc.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: riversides. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 1135* (US), Asplund 11800 (US)
Poa olmedoi Kunth
Poa olmedoi Kunth = Eragrostis olmedoi (Kunth) Steud.

$
Poa ovata Tovar
Poa ovata Tovar

Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 3187* (US), Vargas 7893 (US!)
Departments: Puno.
Poa pardoana Pilg.
Poa pardoana Pilg.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean III: grasslands, rocky slopes. 3500-4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3975* (MOL), Smith 2242 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, La Libertad, San Martín.
Poa pastoensis Kunth
Poa pastoensis Kunth = Eragrostis pastoensis (Kunth) Trin.
Poa patula Kunth
Poa patula Kunth = Eragrostis patula (Kunth) Steud.
Poa pearsonii Reeder

Poa pearsonii Reeder

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: grasslands. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Pearson & Pearson 91* (Y), Pennell 13300 (US)
Departments: Arequipa, Lima, Puno.
Poa pectinacea Michx.
Poa pectinacea Michx. = Eragrostis pectinacea (Michx.) Nees var. pectinacea
Reference: Reeder, J. R., 1986: 154.
Poa perligulata Pilg.
Poa perligulata Pilg.

Poa peruviana Jacq.
Poa peruviana Jacq. = Eragrostis peruviana (Jacq.) Trin.
Poa pilosa L.
Poa pilosa L. = Eragrostis pilosa (L.) P. Beauv.
$
Poa pratensis L.
Poa pratensis L.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean III: disturbed areas. 3500-4000 m.
Poa prolifera Sw.
Poa prolifera Sw. = Eragrostis prolifera (Sw.) Steud.
Poa pseudoaequigluma Tovar
Poa pseudoaequigluma Tovar

Voucher: Tovar & Franklin 6631* (MO!, USM!)
Poa rivas-martinezii Tovar
Poa rivas-martinezii Tovar

Voucher: Tovar et al. 9782* (MO!, USM!), Tovar et al. 9924 (US, USM!)
Poa scaberula Hook. f.

Poa scaberula Hook. f.
Synonyms: Poa scaberula Pilg.

Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Madre de Dios, Puno.
Poa scabrivaginata Tovar
Poa scabrivaginata Tovar

Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Voucher: Macbride 4354* (US)
Poa spicigera Tovar
Poa spicigera Tovar

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II-III: bogs, shrublands. 2000-4500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 11194* (US), Smith 1612 (MO)
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Junín, Pasco.
Poa staffordiae Tovar
Poa staffordiae Tovar

Departments: Puno.
$
Poa subspicata (J. Presl) Kunth
Poa subspicata (J. Presl) Kunth
Synonyms: Poa subspicata Hack., Poa subspicata J. Presl

Voucher: Haenke s.n.* (PR), Sánchez et al. 3493 (MO!)
Departments: Cajamarca, Huancavelica, Junín.
Poa tenella L.
Poa tenella L. = Eragrostis amabilis (L.) Wight & Arn. ex Nees
Poa tenuifolia A. Rich.
Poa tenuifolia A. Rich. = Eragrostis tenuifolia (A. Rich.) Hochst. ex Steud.
Poa thalassica Kunth
Poa thalassica Kunth = Distichlis spicata (L.) Greene
Poa trivialis L.
Poa trivialis L.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands. 3000-3500 m.
Pochota trinitensis (Urb.) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens
Pochota trinitensis (Urb.) Steyerm. & W.D. Stevens = Pachira trinitensis Urb.
Reference: Steyermark, J. A. & W. D. Stevens, 1988: 398.
Podaechmea ferruginea (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Podaechmea ferruginea (L.B. Sm.) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress = Aechmea ferruginea L.B.
Sm.
Podandrogyne brachycarpa (DC.) Woodson
Podandrogyne brachycarpa (DC.) Woodson
Synonyms: Podandrogyne brachycarpa (Benth.) Triana & Planch., Podandrogyne

brachycarpa Benth., Podandrogyne brachycarpa Briq., Podandrogyne brachycarpa Briq.,
Podandrogyne brachycarpa DC., Podandrogyne brachycarpa DC., Podandrogyne
brachycarpa M. Vahl ex DC. pro syn., Podandrogyne brachycarpa M. Vahl ex Triana &
Planchon, Podandrogyne brachycarpa Ruiz Lopez & Pavon ex DC. pro syn.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas,
Departments: Amazonas, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Pasco, San
Martín, Ucayali.
Podandrogyne chiriquensis (Standley) Woodsen
Podandrogyne chiriquensis (Standley) Woodsen
Synonyms: Podandrogyne chiriquensis J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Cochrane, in hb. MO.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, forests. 2000-2500 m.
Podandrogyne decipiens (Triana & Planch.) Woodson
Podandrogyne decipiens (Triana & Planch.) Woodson
Synonyms: Podandrogyne decipiens (Triana & Planch.) Pax & K. Hoffm., Podandrogyne
decipiens Triana & Planch.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas, rocky slopes.
1500-2500 m.
Podandrogyne glabra Ducke
Podandrogyne glabra Ducke
Synonyms: Podandrogyne glabra (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr., Podandrogyne glabra J.F.
Macbr.
Reference: Flora Peru: 617: 987; Woodson Jr., R. E., 1948: 145.
Ecology: Native herb, shrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests. 0-
2000 m.
Podandrogyne orba (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr.
Podandrogyne orba (J.F. Macbr.) J.F. Macbr. = Podandrogyne glabra Ducke
Reference: FP 617: 988; Woodson Jr., R. E., 1948: 145.
Podocalyx loranthoides Klotzsch

Podocalyx loranthoides Klotzsch
Podocarpus celatus de Laub.
Podocarpus celatus de Laub.

Podocarpus glomeratus D. Don
Podocarpus glomeratus D. Don
Reference: Flora Peru: 1225: 83; Laubenfels, D. J. de, 1985: 258; Laubenfels, D. J.
de, 1991: 59.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II-III: forests. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* , Vargas 9466 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín.
Podocarpus harmsianus Pilg.
Podocarpus harmsianus Pilg. =
Reference: FP 1225: 83; Laubenfels, D. J. de, 1978: 190.
Podocarpus ingensis Laubenfels
Podocarpus ingensis Laubenfels
Reference: Laubenfels, D. J. de, 1991: 58.

Note: This taxon may not be distinct from Podocarpus oleifolius (León, pers.
comm.).
Voucher: Stein & Todzia 2200* (MO!), Smith 5399 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco, San Martín.
Podocarpus macrostachyus Parlatore
Synonyms: Podocarpus macrostachyus (Parl. in DC.) Buchholz & N. E. Gray

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II-III: cloud forests. 2000-4000 m.
Voucher: López 8310 (USM)
Podocarpus magnifolius Buchholz & Gray
Podocarpus magnifolius Buchholz & Gray

Podocarpus montanus (Willd.) Lodd.
Podocarpus montanus (Willd.) Lodd. =
Podocarpus oleifolius D. Don ex Lamb.
Podocarpus oleifolius D. Don ex Lamb.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1225: 84; Laubenfels, D. J. de, 1985: 260; Laubenfels, D. J.
de, 1991: 58.
Voucher: Pavón s.n.* (BM), Smith 6124 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco, Puno, San
Martín.
Podocarpus oleifolius var. macrostachys (Parl. in DC.) Buchholz & N. E. Gray
Podocarpus oleifolius var. macrostachys (Parl. in DC.) Buchholz & N. E. Gray =

Podocarpus rospigliosii Pilg.
Podocarpus rospigliosii Pilg. =
Reference: FP 1225: 84; Laubenfels, D. J. de, 1969: 347; Laubenfels, D. J. de,

1991: 60.
Podocarpus sprucei Parl.
Podocarpus sprucei Parl.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II-III: forests, shrublands. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Sagástegui & Cabanillas 8637 (MO!)
Departments: Piura.
Podocarpus utilior Pilg.
Podocarpus utilior Pilg. =
Reference: FP 1225: 84; Laubenfels, D. J. de, 1978: 190; Laubenfels, D. J. de,

1991: 60.
Podosaemum angustatum J. Presl

Podosaemum angustatum J. Presl = Muhlenbergia angustata (J. Presl) Kunth
Podosaemum ciliatum Kunth
Podosaemum ciliatum Kunth = Muhlenbergia ciliata (Kunth) Trin.
Podosaemum rigidum Kunth
Podosaemum rigidum Kunth = Muhlenbergia rigida (Kunth) Trin.
Podosaemum stipoides Kunth
Podosaemum stipoides Kunth = Triniochloa stipoides (Kunth) Hitchc.
Podosaemum tenuissimum J. Presl
Podosaemum tenuissimum J. Presl = Muhlenbergia tenuissima (J. Presl) Kunth

Note: NN
Poecilanthe amazonica (Ducke) Ducke
Poecilanthe amazonica (Ducke) Ducke

Synonyms: Poecilanthe amazonica Ducke
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides, terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Grández 1073 (MO!)
Poecilanthe effusa (Huber) Ducke
Poecilanthe effusa (Huber) Ducke
Synonyms: Poecilanthe effusa Huber

Poecilochroma frondosum Miers
Poecilochroma frondosum Miers = Saracha punctata Ruiz & Pav.
Poecilochroma guttatum Miers
Poecilochroma guttatum Miers = Saracha guttata (Miers) Miers
Reference: FP 1349: 56; Mione, pers. comm..
Poecilochroma lobbianum Miers
Poecilochroma lobbianum Miers = Saracha punctata Ruiz & Pav.
Poecilochroma maculatum Miers

Poecilochroma maculatum Miers = Saracha punctata Ruiz & Pav.
Poecilochroma punctatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers
Poecilochroma punctatum (Ruiz & Pav.) Miers = Saracha punctata Ruiz & Pav.
Poecilochroma spinosum Dammer
Poecilochroma spinosum Dammer = Saracha spinosa (Dammer) D'Arcy & D.N. Sm.
Reference: FP 1349: 58; D'Arcy, W. G. & D. N. Smith, 1987: 674.
Poecilochroma venosum Rusby
Poecilochroma venosum Rusby = Saracha punctata Ruiz & Pav.
Poecilodermis populnea Schott & Endlicher
Poecilodermis populnea Schott & Endlicher = Brachychiton populneus subsp. populneus
Reference: Soukup, J., 1974: 74; Guymer, G. P., 1988: 232.
Poeppigia procera C. Presl

Poeppigia procera C. Presl

Poggendorffia rosea Karsten
Poggendorffia rosea Karsten = Passiflora X rosea (Karsten) Killip
Pogonia macrophylla Lindl.
Pogonia macrophylla Lindl. = Psilochilus macrophyllus (Lindl.) Ames
Pogonia monantha (Poepp. & Endl.) Schltr.
Pogonia monantha (Poepp. & Endl.) Schltr. = Cleistes rosea Lindl.
Pogonia moritzii Rchb. f.
Pogonia moritzii Rchb. f. = ?
Pogonia rosea (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Pogonia rosea (Lindl.) Rchb. f. = Cleistes rosea Lindl.

Pogonia vargasii C. Schweinf.
Pogonia vargasii C. Schweinf. = Cleistes vargasii (C. Schweinf.) M. E. Medley
Reference: FP 1438: 40; Medley, M. E., 1991: 102.
Pogonophora schomburgkiana Miers ex Benth.
Pogonophora schomburgkiana Miers ex Benth.

Pogonophora trianae Müll. Arg.
Pogonophora trianae Müll. Arg. = Pausandra trianae (Müll. Arg.) Baill.
Pogonopus erythroxylon (Standl.) Kirkbride
Pogonopus erythroxylon (Standl.) Kirkbride
Synonyms: Pogonopus erythroxylon Standl.

Reference: Kirkbride Jr., J. H., 1985: 54.
Pogonopus tubulosus (DC.) Schumann

Pogonopus tubulosus (DC.) Schumann
Synonyms: Pogonopus tubulosus DC.

Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Madre de Dios.
Pogonorhynchus amplexans Crueg.
Pogonorhynchus amplexans Crueg. = Miconia tomentosa (Rich.) D. Don ex DC.
Pogospermum parviflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Brongn.
Pogospermum parviflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Brongn. = Tillandsia parviflora Ruiz & Pav.
var. parviflora
Pogospermum sessiliflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Brongn.
Pogospermum sessiliflorum (Ruiz & Pav.) Brongn. = Catopsis sessiliflora (Ruiz &
Pav.) Mez
Poidium monandrum (Hack.) Matthei
Poidium monandrum (Hack.) Matthei
Synonyms: Poidium monandrum (Griseb.) Henrard, Poidium monandrum (Hack.) Pilg.,

Poidium monandrum Griseb., Poidium monandrum Hack.
Reference: Matthei, O., 1975: 103; Tovar, O., 1957: 34.
Voucher: Jelski 402* (W), Sánchez & Molau 2926 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica,
Junín.
Poidium poaemorphum (J. Presl) Matthei
Poidium poaemorphum (J. Presl) Matthei
Synonyms: Poidium poaemorphum (J. Presl) Henrard, Poidium poaemorphum J. Presl

Note: Not known from Peru. Purportedly based on a type, Haenke s.n. (PR), from
Peru, but Hitchcock (1927) doubts that the type was collected in Peru and Matthei
cites no modern vouchers.
Poidium rufum (J. Presl) Matthei
Poidium rufum (J. Presl) Matthei
Synonyms: Poidium rufum (J. Presl) Steud., Poidium rufum J. Presl

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. but doubt has been expressed
about the validity of the locality information (Hitchock, 1927). Matthei (1975)
cites no Peru vouchers.
Poinciana gilliesii Wallich ex Hook.
Poinciana gilliesii Wallich ex Hook. = Caesalpinia gilliesii (Wallich ex Hook.)

Dietrich
Reference: FP 21: 192; Isely, D., 1975: 40, 193.
Poinciana insignis Kunth
Poinciana insignis Kunth = Caesalpinia cassioides Willd.

Poinciana pulcherrima L.
Poinciana pulcherrima L. = Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw.
Poinciana regia Bojer ex Hook.
Poinciana regia Bojer ex Hook. = Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf.
Poinciana spinosa Molina
Poinciana spinosa Molina = Caesalpinia spinosa (Molina) Kuntze
Reference: FP 21: 195; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 61.
Poinsettia heterophylla (L.) Klotzsch & Garcke
Poinsettia heterophylla (L.) Klotzsch & Garcke = Euphorbia heterophylla L.
Poinsettia inornata Dressler
Poinsettia inornata Dressler

Voucher: Mexia 04044* (MO)
Departments: Lima.
Poinsettia ruiziana Klotzsch & Garcke
Poinsettia ruiziana Klotzsch & Garcke = Euphorbia heterophylla L.
Poiretia punctata (Willd.) Desv.
Poiretia punctata (Willd.) Desv.
Synonyms: Poiretia punctata (Willd.) Pers., Poiretia punctata Vent., Poiretia

punctata Willd.
Ecology: Native vine. Andean I-II: disturbed areas. 1000-2000 m.
Poiretia scandens Vent.
Poiretia scandens Vent. = Poiretia punctata (Willd.) Desv.
Poissonia eriantha (Benth.) Hauman
Poissonia eriantha (Benth.) Hauman = Coursetia orbicularis Benth.
Reference: FP 21: 387; Lavin, M., 1988: 68.
Poissonia orbicularis (Benth.) Hauman

Poissonia orbicularis (Benth.) Hauman = Coursetia orbicularis Benth.
Poissonia orbicularis var. mantaroana (Harms) Hauman
Poissonia orbicularis var. mantaroana (Harms) Hauman = Coursetia orbicularis Benth.
Poissonia solanacea Baill.
Poissonia solanacea Baill. = Coursetia orbicularis Benth.
Polembryum jussieui Schott
Polembryum jussieui Schott = Esenbeckia grandiflora var. grandiflora
Polemonium morenonis Kuntze
Polemonium morenonis Kuntze = Phlox gracilis (Douglas ex Hooker) Greene
Polianthes tuberosa L.
Polianthes tuberosa L.
$
Pollalesta argentea Aristeg.
Pollalesta argentea Aristeg. = Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.
Pollalesta brasiliana Aristeg.
Pollalesta brasiliana Aristeg. = Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.
Pollalesta colombiana Aristeg.
Pollalesta colombiana Aristeg. = Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.
Pollalesta corei (Cuatrec.) Aristeg.
Pollalesta corei (Cuatrec.) Aristeg. = Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.
Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.
Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.
Synonyms: Pollalesta discolor (Cuatrec.) Aristeg., Pollalesta discolor (Gleason)

Aristeg., Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Sch. Bip., Pollalesta discolor (Sch. Bip.)
Aristeg., Pollalesta discolor Aristeg., Pollalesta discolor Aristeg., Pollalesta
discolor Aristeg., Pollalesta discolor Aristeg., Pollalesta discolor Aristeg.,
Pollalesta discolor Aristeg., Pollalesta discolor Cuatrec., Pollalesta discolor
Gleason, Pollalesta discolor Kunth, Pollalesta discolor Sch. Bip., Pollalesta
discolor Willd. ex Less.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1416: 55; Stutts, J. G., 1981: 385.
Voucher: Klug 2220 (MO)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Loreto, San Martín, Ucayali.
Pollalesta ecuatoriana Aristeg.
Pollalesta ecuatoriana Aristeg. = Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.
Pollalesta ferruginea (Gleason) Aristeg.
Pollalesta ferruginea (Gleason) Aristeg. = Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.
Pollalesta karstenii (Sch. Bip.) Aristeg.
Pollalesta karstenii (Sch. Bip.) Aristeg. = Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.
Pollalesta klugii Aristeg.
Pollalesta klugii Aristeg. = Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.
Pollalesta peruviana Aristeg.
Pollalesta peruviana Aristeg. = Pollalesta discolor (Kunth) Aristeg.

Polyachyrus annuus I.M. Johnst.
Polyachyrus annuus I.M. Johnst.
Synonyms: Polyachyrus annuus I.M. Johnst.

Reference: Ricardi, M. & E. Weldt, 1974: 13.
Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Worth & Morrison 15758 (F!)
Departments: Arequipa, Ica, Moquegua, Tacna.
Polyachyrus fuscus (Meyen) Walp.
Polyachyrus fuscus (Meyen) Walp.
Synonyms: Polyachyrus fuscus I.M. Johnst., Polyachyrus fuscus Meyen

Voucher: Murphy 3467* (GH), Meyen s.n. (B)
Departments: Ica.
Polyachyrus glandulosus Nutt.
Polyachyrus glandulosus Nutt. = Polyachyrus sphaerocephalus D. Don
Polyachyrus mollendoensis I.M. Johnst.
Polyachyrus mollendoensis I.M. Johnst. = Polyachyrus annuus I.M. Johnst.
$
Polyachyrus nesites I.M. Johnst.
Polyachyrus nesites I.M. Johnst. = Polyachyrus fuscus (Meyen) Walp.
Polyachyrus sphaerocephalus D. Don
Polyachyrus sphaerocephalus D. Don
Synonyms: Polyachyrus sphaerocephalus Nutt., Polyachyrus sphaerocephalus Wedd.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean I-III: shrublands. 500-4000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (P), Hutchison 1256 (USM)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Ayacucho, Lima, La Libertad, Moquegua, Tacna.
Polyachyrus villosus Wedd.
Polyachyrus villosus Wedd. = Polyachyrus sphaerocephalus D. Don
Polyanthina nemorosa (Klatt) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Polyanthina nemorosa (Klatt) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Polyanthina nemorosa Hieron., Polyanthina nemorosa Klatt

Reference: King, R. M. & H. Robinson, 1987: 201, 527, 563.
Voucher: Dillon & Turner 1430 (F!)
San Martín.
Polycarpaea corymbosa (L.) Lam.

Polycarpaea corymbosa (L.) Lam.
Synonyms: Polycarpaea corymbosa L., Polycarpaea corymbosa Muschl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1267: 628; Duke, J. A., 1961: 105.
Polycarpaea filifolia Muschl.
Polycarpaea filifolia Muschl. = Polycarpaea corymbosa (L.) Lam.
Polycarpon apurense Kunth
Polycarpon apurense Kunth

Polycarpon englerianum Muschl.
Polycarpon englerianum Muschl. = Drymaria engleriana var. engleriana
Polycarpon tetraphyllum (L.) L.
Polycarpon tetraphyllum (L.) L.
Reference: Cano, A. & N. Valencia, 1991: 60.

Ecology: Native herb. Coastal: disturbed areas, riversides, shrublands. 2500-3000
m.
Voucher: Valencia & Cano 1718 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.
$
Polycarpon urbanianum Muschl.
Polycarpon urbanianum Muschl.

Ecology. 4000-4500 m.
Polycycnis breviloba Summerhayes
Polycycnis breviloba Summerhayes

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Polycycnis morganii Dodson
Polycycnis morganii Dodson

Polycycnis muscifera (Lindl. & Paxton) Rchb. f.
Polycycnis muscifera (Lindl. & Paxton) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Polycycnis muscifera Lindl. & Paxton

$
Polycycnis vittata (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Polycycnis vittata (Lindl.) Rchb. f. = Braemia vittata (Lindl.) Jenny
Polygala acuminata Willd.
Polygala acuminata Willd.

Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas,
forests, riversides. 0-2000 m.
Note: The Flora of Peru incorrectly cites Poeppig 1323 as the type.
Dios, Pasco, San Martín, Ucayali.
Polygala alopecurus Chodat
Polygala alopecurus Chodat = Polygala leptocaulis Torr. & A. Gray
Polygala anatina Chodat
Polygala anatina Chodat

Voucher: Weberbauer 1072* (B photo F!), Wasshausen & Salas 1190 (US)
Departments: Puno.
$
Polygala andensis Chodat
Polygala andensis Chodat

Ecology: Native subshrub. .
Note: The Flora of Peru cites as possibly from Peru.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (P photo F!)
Polygala andina A. W. Bennett
Polygala andina A. W. Bennett

Note: Not known from Peru. Included in Flora of Peru as an expected species.
Polygala angustifolia Kunth
Polygala angustifolia Kunth = Polygala violacea Aubl.
Reference: FP 670: 897; Marques, M. do C. M., 1979: 175.

Note: nom. illeg.
Polygala brizoides St. Hilaire
Polygala brizoides St. Hilaire
Polygala brizoides var. brizoides
Polygala brizoides var. brizoides = Polygala violacea Aubl.

$
Polygala brizoides var. latifolia St. Hilaire ex A. W. Bennett
Polygala brizoides var. latifolia St. Hilaire ex A. W. Bennett = Polygala violacea

Aubl.
Reference: FP 670: 897; Bennett, A. W., 1874: 14.
Polygala camporum Benth.
Polygala camporum Benth. = Polygala violacea Aubl.
Polygala coridifolia Presl
Polygala coridifolia Presl

Ecology: Endemic subshrub. .
Polygala deflorata Chodat
Polygala deflorata Chodat

Ecology: Native subshrub. .
Note: Cited for Peru based on type label information. However, the Flora of Peru
suggests that the type might actually be from Mexico.
Polygala diversifolia L.
Polygala diversifolia L. = Securidaca diversifolia var. diversifolia
Reference: FP 670: 910; Lewis, W. H. & O. Herrera-MacBryde, 1969: 22.
Polygala formosa A. W. Bennett
Polygala formosa A. W. Bennett

Note: Not known from Peru. Included in the Flora of Peru as an expected species;
it is known from Bolivia.
Polygala gigantea Chodat
Polygala gigantea Chodat

Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 0-
1000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (G photo F!), Smith 3719 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San
Martín.
Polygala glochidiata Kunth
Polygala glochidiata Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 670: 900; Marques, M. do C. M., 1980: 210.

Note: Not known from Peru. The Flora of Peru includes in discussion under P.
longicaulis as an expected species.
Polygala grandifolia St. Hilaire

Polygala grandifolia St. Hilaire

Note: Not known from Peru. Included in Flora of Peru as an expected species; it
is only known from eastern Brazil.
Polygala lanceolata Poir.
Polygala lanceolata Poir. = Monnina macrostachya Ruiz & Pav.
Polygala leptocaulis Torr. & A. Gray
Polygala leptocaulis Torr. & A. Gray
Synonyms: Polygala leptocaulis Chodat, Polygala leptocaulis Chodat, Polygala

leptocaulis Chodat, Polygala leptocaulis St. Hilaire & Moquin
Reference: Flora Peru: 670: 902; Wurdack, J. J. & L. B. Smith, 1971: 24.
Note: Treated in the Flora of Peru as a synonym of P. paludosa.
Voucher: Svenson 11192
Departments: La Libertad, Piura.
Polygala longicaulis Kunth
Polygala longicaulis Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 670: 899; Lewis, W. H. & O. Herrera-MacBryde, 1969: 16.
Note: Not known from Peru. Included in Flora of Peru as an expected species.
Polygala macerrima S.F. Blake
Polygala macerrima S.F. Blake

Note: Not known from Peru. Included in Flora of Peru as an expected species; it
is known from Colombia and Bolivia.
Polygala macrostachya Chodat
Polygala macrostachya Chodat

Note: The type is doubtfully from Peru; otherwise not known from Peru.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (BM)
Polygala martiana A. W. Bennett
Polygala martiana A. W. Bennett
Synonyms: Polygala martiana M. Vahl, hom. illeg.

Reference: Marques, M. do C. M., 1979: 187.
Polygala mathusiana Chodat
Polygala mathusiana Chodat

Ecology. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Mathews s.n.* (G), Weberbauer 6177 (US)
Polygala monticola var. brizoides (St. Hilaire) Steyerm.
Polygala monticola var. brizoides (St. Hilaire) Steyerm. = Polygala violacea Aubl.
$
Polygala nemoralis A. W. Bennett
Polygala nemoralis A. W. Bennett

Ecology. 2000-2500 m.
Polygala paludosa St. Hilaire
Polygala paludosa St. Hilaire = ?
Reference: FP 670: 902; Wurdack, J. J. & L. B. Smith, 1971: 22.

Note: NN
Polygala paludosa var. angusticarpa Chodat
Polygala paludosa var. angusticarpa Chodat = Polygala leptocaulis Torr. & A. Gray
Reference: Wurdack, J. J. & L. B. Smith, 1971: 24.
Polygala paludosa var. exappendiculata Chodat
Polygala paludosa var. exappendiculata Chodat = Polygala leptocaulis Torr. & A.

Gray
Polygala paludosa var. longispicata St. Hilaire & Moquin
Polygala paludosa var. longispicata St. Hilaire & Moquin = Polygala leptocaulis
Torr. & A. Gray

$
Polygala paniculata L.
Polygala paniculata L.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, grasslands,
Voucher: Núñez & Cárdenas 10316 (MO!)
Lima, Loreto, San Martín.
Polygala pearcei A. W. Bennett
Polygala pearcei A. W. Bennett

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. Bennett cites type as from
Muna, Bolivia. The Flora of Peru interpets this as Muña in Huánuco,
Peru, and it is here treated as such.
Voucher: Pearce s.n.*
Polygala peruviana A. W. Bennett
Polygala peruviana A. W. Bennett
Synonyms: Polygala peruviana Chodat

Reference: Flora Peru: 670: 903; Chodat, R., 1893: 146.
Ecology: Native herb, subshrub. Andean II: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 2000-
2500 m.
Voucher: Lechler 2629* (K), Foster et al. 7670 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Junín, Pasco, Puno.
Polygala platycarpa Benth.

Polygala platycarpa Benth.
Reference: Flora Peru: 670: 904; Chodat, R., 1893: 25.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Note: The type is from Ecuador, not as Chodat cites, from México.
Polygala ruiziana Chodat
Polygala ruiziana Chodat = Polygala peruviana A. W. Bennett
Reference: FP 670: 904; Chodat, R., 1893: 145.
Polygala scleroxylon Ducke
Polygala scleroxylon Ducke

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, terra firme
forests. 0-1000 m.
Polygala spectabilis DC.
Polygala spectabilis DC.

Ecology: Native herb, shrub, subshrub. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas,
forests, shrublands. 0-1500 m.
Note: Marques (1979) list this species as endemic to Brazil.
Polygala translucida Chodat

Polygala translucida Chodat

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 5982* (G-DEL), Stork 11377 (UC)
Departments: Piura.
Polygala variabilis Kunth
Polygala variabilis Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 670: 900; Lewis, W. H. & O. Herrera-MacBryde, 1969: 18.
Note: Not known from Peru. The Flora of Peru includes in discussion under P.
longicaulis as an expected species.
Polygala violacea Aubl.
Polygala violacea Aubl.
Synonyms: Polygala violacea, Polygala violacea (St. Hilaire) Steyerm., Polygala

violacea Benth., Polygala violacea Kunth, Polygala violacea St. Hilaire ex A. W.
Bennett
Reference: Marques, M. do C. M., 1979: 175.
Note: The occurence of this species in Peru is questionable and is based upon
Chodat's determination of Mathews s.n. as P. brizoides var. latifolia, which is
here hesitantly placed in synonymy.
Voucher: Mathews s.n.
Polygala violacea M. Vahl, hom. illeg.
Polygala violacea M. Vahl, hom. illeg. = Polygala martiana A. W. Bennett

Note: NN
$
Polygala weberbaueri Chodat
Polygala weberbaueri Chodat
Synonyms: Polygala weberbaueri Chodat

Ecology: Endemic herb, subshrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, grasslands,
Note: The photo of the type is marked from Brazil.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4038* (B photo F!), Dillon & Turner 1566 (MO!)
Polygala weberbaueri var. dolichocarpa Chodat
Polygala weberbaueri var. dolichocarpa Chodat = Polygala weberbaueri Chodat
Polygonum acre Kunth
Polygonum acre Kunth = Polygonum punctatum Elliott
Polygonum acuminatum Kunth
Polygonum acuminatum Kunth
Reference: Cialdella, A. M., 1989: 208.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, riversides,
Polygonum aviculare L.
Polygonum aviculare L.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1251: 450; Cialdella, A. M., 1989: 235.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, forests. 2000-4000 m.
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lima, La Libertad.
Polygonum beyrichianum Cham. & Schltdl.
Polygonum beyrichianum Cham. & Schltdl. = Polygonum meisnerianum Cham. & Schltdl.
Polygonum convolvulus L.
Polygonum convolvulus L. = Fallopia convolvulus (L.) á. Löve
Reference: Löve, A., 1970: 300.
Polygonum densiflorum Meisn.
Polygonum densiflorum Meisn. = Polygonum glabrum Willd.
Polygonum dombeyanum Kuntze
Polygonum dombeyanum Kuntze = Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth) Meisn.
Polygonum ferrugineum Wedd.
Polygonum ferrugineum Wedd.

Ecology: Native aquatic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests,
riversides, seasonally inundated areas, submerged. 0-500 m.
Polygonum fruticulosum Walp.
Polygonum fruticulosum Walp. = Muehlenbeckia fruticulosa (Walp.) Standl.
Polygonum glabrum Cham. & Schltdl.
Polygonum glabrum Cham. & Schltdl. = Polygonum glabrum Willd.
Reference: FP 1251: 452; Cialdella, A. M., 1989: 204.
Polygonum glabrum Willd.
Polygonum glabrum Willd.
Synonyms: Polygonum glabrum Bert. ex Small, Polygonum glabrum Cham. & Schltdl.,
Polygonum glabrum Meisn.
Ecology: Native aquatic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III: disturbed
areas, forests on white sand, seasonally inundated areas, submerged. 0-4000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Loreto, San Martín.
Polygonum grandiflorum Bertol.
Polygonum grandiflorum Bertol. = Antigonon guatemalense Meisn.
$
Polygonum hispidum Kunth
Polygonum hispidum Kunth

Ecology: Native aquatic or terrestrial herb. Amazonian: floating, forests,
Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx.
Polygonum hydropiperoides Michx.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III, Coastal: disturbed areas, emergent,
forests, riversides, terra firme forests. 0-4000 m.
Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín.
Polygonum lacerum Kunth
Polygonum lacerum Kunth

Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (B photo F!), Sagástegui 7716 (MO!)
Polygonum meisnerianum Cham. & Schltdl.
Synonyms: Polygonum meisnerianum (Cham. & Schlecht.) Meisn. in Mart., Polygonum

meisnerianum Cham. & Schltdl.
Polygonum meisnerianum var. beyrichianum (Cham. & Schlecht.) Meisn. in Mart.
Polygonum meisnerianum var. beyrichianum (Cham. & Schlecht.) Meisn. in Mart. =

Polygonum peruvianum Meisn.
Polygonum peruvianum Meisn.
Synonyms: Polygonum peruvianum (Meissner) Soják

Voucher: Mathews 3120* , Weberbauer 4436
Polygonum platycladum F. Muell.
Polygonum platycladum F. Muell. = Muehlenbeckia platyclada (F. Muell.) Meisn.
Polygonum portoricense Bert. ex Small
Polygonum portoricense Bert. ex Small = Polygonum glabrum Willd.
Reference: FP 1251: 452; Cialdella, A. M., 1989: 203.
Polygonum punctatum Elliott

Polygonum punctatum Elliott
Synonyms: Polygonum punctatum (Mart.) Fassett, Polygonum punctatum Kunth

emergent, floating, forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas, shrublands,
swamps. 0-3000 m.
Voucher: Belshaw 3288 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Junín, Lambayeque, Lima, Loreto,
San Martín, Tumbes.
Polygonum punctatum var. aquatile (Mart.) Fassett
Polygonum punctatum var. aquatile (Mart.) Fassett = Polygonum punctatum Elliott
Reference: Fassett, N. C., 1949: 371.
Polygonum scandens L.
Polygonum scandens L. = Anredera vesicaria (Lam.) Gaertn.
Reference: FP 1265: 578; Sperling, C. R., 1987: 159.
Polygonum segetum Kunth
Polygonum segetum Kunth

Polygonum tamnifolium Kunth
Polygonum tamnifolium Kunth = Muehlenbeckia tamnifolia (Kunth) Meisn.

$
Polygonum volcanicum Benth.
Polygonum volcanicum Benth. = Muehlenbeckia volcanica (Benth.) Endl.
Polylepis albicans Pilg.
Polylepis albicans Pilg. = Polylepis sericea Wedd.
Reference: FP 635: 1091; Simpson, B. B., 1979: 28.
Polylepis annulatipilosa Bitter
Polylepis annulatipilosa Bitter = Polylepis pauta (Bitter) Hieron.
Reference: Simpson, B. B., 1979: 27.
Polylepis besseri Hieron.
Polylepis besseri Hieron.
Synonyms: Polylepis besseri Bitter, Polylepis besseri Bitter, Polylepis besseri

Bitter, Polylepis besseri Bitter, Polylepis besseri Bitter, Polylepis besseri
Bitter, Polylepis besseri Kuntze, Polylepis besseri Kuntze
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II-III: grasslands, shrublands. 3000-4500 m.
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Moquegua, Puno, Tacna.
Polylepis incana Kunth

Polylepis incana Kunth
Synonyms: Polylepis incana Bitter

Reference: Flora Peru: 635: 1091; Simpson, B. B., 1979: 50.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II-III: dry valleys, forests, grasslands,
Departments: Ancash, Cuzco, Huánuco, Pasco.
Polylepis incana subsp. brachypoda Bitter
Polylepis incana subsp. brachypoda Bitter = Polylepis besseri Hieron.
Polylepis incana subsp. icosandra Bitter
Polylepis incana subsp. icosandra Bitter = Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav.
Polylepis incana subsp. incarum Bitter
Polylepis incana subsp. incarum Bitter = Polylepis besseri Hieron.
Polylepis incana subsp. micranthera Bitter
Polylepis incana subsp. micranthera Bitter = Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav.
Polylepis incana subsp. subtusalbida Bitter

Polylepis incana subsp. subtusalbida Bitter = Polylepis besseri Hieron.
Polylepis incana var. connectens Bitter
Polylepis incana var. connectens Bitter = Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav.
Polylepis incana var. flavipila Bitter
Polylepis incana var. flavipila Bitter = Polylepis subsericans J.F. Macbr.
Polylepis incana var. primovestita Bitter
Polylepis incana var. primovestita Bitter = Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav.
Polylepis incana var. villosistyla Bitter
Polylepis incana var. villosistyla Bitter = Polylepis incana Kunth
Polylepis multijuga Pilg.
Polylepis multijuga Pilg.

Ecology: Endemic tree. Andean II-III: cloud forests, grasslands. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 4089* (G photo MO!), Smith & Vásquez 5037 (MO!)
Polylepis pallidistigma Bitter
Polylepis pallidistigma Bitter = ?
Polylepis pauta (Bitter) Hieron.
Polylepis pauta (Bitter) Hieron.
Synonyms: Polylepis pauta Bitter, Polylepis pauta Bitter, Polylepis pauta Bitter,
Polylepis pauta Pilg.
Ecology: Native tree. Andean II-III: cloud forests, disturbed areas. 1500-4000 m.
Voucher: Young & León 4863 (MO!)
Departments: Apurímac, Cuzco, Huánuco, San Martín.
Polylepis pepei B.B. Simson
Polylepis pepei B.B. Simson

Ecology. 3500-4500 m.
Voucher: Cook & Gilbert 1837 (US)
Departments: Cuzco.
Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav.
Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav.

Synonyms: Polylepis racemosa Bitter, Polylepis racemosa Bitter, Polylepis racemosa
Bitter, Polylepis racemosa Bitter, Polylepis racemosa Kunth
Ecology: Endemic shrub, tree. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, grasslands,
riversides, shrublands. 2500-4500 m.
Voucher: Ruiz s.n.* (G), Smith & Vásquez 3499 (MO!)
Libertad.
Polylepis racemosa var. lanata Kuntze
Polylepis racemosa var. lanata Kuntze = Polylepis besseri Hieron.
Polylepis racemosa var. tomentosa Kuntze
Polylepis racemosa var. tomentosa Kuntze = Polylepis besseri Hieron.
Polylepis rugulosa Bitter
Polylepis rugulosa Bitter = Polylepis besseri Hieron.
Polylepis sericea Wedd.
Polylepis sericea Wedd.
Synonyms: Polylepis sericea Pilg.

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II-III: cloud forests, disturbed areas, grasslands,
$
Polylepis serrata Pilg.
Polylepis serrata Pilg. = Polylepis pauta (Bitter) Hieron.
Polylepis serrata var. parcipila Bitter
Polylepis serrata var. parcipila Bitter = Polylepis pauta (Bitter) Hieron.
Polylepis serrata var. psilanthera Bitter
Polylepis serrata var. psilanthera Bitter = Polylepis pauta (Bitter) Hieron.
Polylepis subquinquefolia Bitter
Polylepis subquinquefolia Bitter = Polylepis besseri Hieron.
Polylepis subsericans J.F. Macbr.
Polylepis subsericans J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Polylepis subsericans Bitter

Voucher: Weberbauer 5487* (F), Cerrate & Tovar 1265 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huancavelica, Lima.
$
Polylepis tarapacana Philippi
Polylepis tarapacana Philippi = Polylepis tomentella Wedd.
Polylepis tomentella Wedd.
Polylepis tomentella Wedd.
Synonyms: Polylepis tomentella Philippi

Ecology. > 4500 m.
Voucher: Wedermann 1143 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Puno, Tacna.
Polylepis villosa Kunth
Polylepis villosa Kunth = Polylepis racemosa Ruiz & Pav.
Polylepis weberbaueri Pilg.
Polylepis weberbaueri Pilg.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean II-III: disturbed areas, dry valleys, elfin
forests, grasslands, rocky slopes, shrublands. 2000- > 4500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3287* (photo MO!), Díaz & Baldeón 2879 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, Piura.
$
Polymnia edulis Wedd.
Polymnia edulis Wedd. = Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. & Endl.) H. Rob.
Reference: Wells, J. R., 1965: 157.
Polymnia fruticosa Benth.
Polymnia fruticosa Benth. = Smallanthus fruticosus (Benth.) H. Rob.
Polymnia glabrata DC.
Polymnia glabrata DC. = Smallanthus glabratus (DC.) H. Rob.
Polymnia jelskii Hieron.
Polymnia jelskii Hieron. = Smallanthus jelskii (Hieron.) H. Rob.
Polymnia lehmannii Hieron.
Polymnia lehmannii Hieron.
Polymnia parviceps S.F. Blake
Polymnia parviceps S.F. Blake = Smallanthus parviceps (S.F. Blake) H. Rob.

$
Polymnia riparia Kunth
Polymnia riparia Kunth = Smallanthus riparius (Kunth) H. Rob.
Polymnia siegesbeckia DC.
Polymnia siegesbeckia DC. = Smallanthus siegesbeckius (DC.) H. Rob.
Polymnia sonchifolia Poepp. & Endl.
Polymnia sonchifolia Poepp. & Endl. = Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp. & Endl.) H.
Rob.
Polyodon distichum Kunth
Polyodon distichum Kunth = Bouteloua disticha (Kunth) Benth.
Reference: FP 719: 195; Gould, F. W., 1979: 366.
Polypodium cordifolium L.
Polypodium cordifolium L. = ?
$
Polypodium dissectum Sw.
Polypodium dissectum Sw. = ?
Polypodium exaltatum L.
Polypodium exaltatum L. = ?
Polypodium fulvescens Hook. & Grev.
Polypodium fulvescens Hook. & Grev. = ?
Polypodium glaucum Sw.
Polypodium glaucum Sw. = ?
Polypodium globuliferum Poir.
Polypodium globuliferum Poir. = ?
Polypodium horridum L.
Polypodium horridum L. = ?
Polypodium leptophyllum L.
Polypodium leptophyllum L. = ?
Polypodium microdontum Desv.
Polypodium microdontum Desv. = ?
Polypodium procerum Willd.
Polypodium procerum Willd. = ?
Polypodium pruinatum Sw.
Polypodium pruinatum Sw. = ?
Polypodium pungens Willd.
Polypodium pungens Willd. = ?

$
Polypodium quadripinnatum J.F. Gmel.
Polypodium quadripinnatum J.F. Gmel. = ?
Polypodium rivulare Vahl
Polypodium rivulare Vahl = ?
Polypodium rostratum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Polypodium rostratum Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd. = ?
Polypogon chilensis (Kunth) Pilg.
Polypogon chilensis (Kunth) Pilg.
Synonyms: Polypogon chilensis (J. Presl) Kunth, Polypogon chilensis J. Presl,

Polypogon chilensis Kunth
Reference: Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen & R. M. Klein, 1982: 506.
Polypogon elongatus Kunth

Polypogon elongatus Kunth
Synonyms: Polypogon elongatus (Kunth) Björkman, Polypogon elongatus J. Presl,

Polypogon elongatus J. Presl
Reference: Flora Peru: 719: 167; Nicora, E. G. and collaborators, 1978: 401.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II: cloud forests, disturbed areas,
Voucher: Young & Sullivan 604 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Huancavelica,
Junín, Lima, La Libertad, Puno, San Martín.
Polypogon flavescens J. Presl
Polypogon flavescens J. Presl = Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf.
Polypogon interruptus Kunth
Polypogon interruptus Kunth
Synonyms: Polypogon interruptus (Poir.) Hitchc., Polypogon interruptus Poir.,

Polypogon interruptus Smith, Polypogon interruptus With.
Reference: Gould, F. W. & R. Moran, 1981: 47.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, lomas,
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco,
Huancavelica, Junín, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Pasco, Puno.
Polypogon littoralis Smith
Polypogon littoralis Smith = Polypogon interruptus Kunth
Reference: FP 719: 168; Gould, F. W. & R. Moran, 1981: 47.
Polypogon lutosus (Poir.) Hitchc.

Polypogon lutosus (Poir.) Hitchc. = Polypogon interruptus Kunth
Reference: FP 719: 168; Gould, F. W. & R. Moran, 1981: 47.
Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf.
Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf.
Synonyms: Polypogon monspeliensis J. Presl, Polypogon monspeliensis L.

Ecology: Introduced herb. Andean II: disturbed areas. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Zimmerer 512 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Polypogon semiverticillatus (Forssk.) Hylander
Polypogon semiverticillatus (Forssk.) Hylander = Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr.
Reference: Tutin, T. G., 1980: 236; Tovar, O., 1981: 112.
Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr.
Polypogon viridis (Gouan) Breistr.
Synonyms: Polypogon viridis (Forssk.) C. Chr., Polypogon viridis (Forssk.)

Hylander, Polypogon viridis Forssk., Polypogon viridis Gouan, Polypogon viridis
Vill.
Ecology: Introduced herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Departments: Cajamarca, Lambayeque, Lima.
Polyscias balfouriana (hort. ex André) L.H. Bailey
Polyscias balfouriana (hort. ex André) L.H. Bailey = Polyscias scutellaria

(Burm. f.) Fosberg
Reference: FP 1322: 9; Lowry II, P. P., J. S. Miller & D. G. Frodin, 1989: 8.
Polyscias cumingiana (C. Presl) Fern.- Vill.
Polyscias cumingiana (C. Presl) Fern.- Vill.
Synonyms: Polyscias cumingiana (C. Moore ex E. Fourn.) L.H. Bailey, Polyscias

cumingiana C. Moore ex E. Fourn., Polyscias cumingiana C. Presl
Ecology: Introduced shrub. Amazonian: disturbed areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Williams s.n. (F)
Polyscias filicifolia (C. Moore ex E. Fourn.) L.H. Bailey
Polyscias filicifolia (C. Moore ex E. Fourn.) L.H. Bailey = Polyscias cumingiana

(C. Presl) Fern.- Vill.
Reference: FP 1322: 9; Lowry II, P. P., J. S. Miller & D. G. Frodin, 1989: 7.
Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms in Engl. & Prantl
Polyscias fruticosa (L.) Harms in Engl. & Prantl
Synonyms: Polyscias fruticosa L.

Note: Without collection data. This is a questionable record for Peru (Frodin,
pers. comm.).
Polyscias guilfoylei (W. Bull) L.H. Bailey
Polyscias guilfoylei (W. Bull) L.H. Bailey
Synonyms: Polyscias guilfoylei Bull, Polyscias guilfoylei W. Bull ex hort.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1322: 9; Lowry II, P. P., J. S. Miller & D. G. Frodin, 1989:
7.
Note: The cultivar 'Victoriae' is known from Peru (Frodin, pers. comm.).
Voucher: Williams 5934 (US)
Polyscias scutellaria (Burm. f.) Fosberg
Polyscias scutellaria (Burm. f.) Fosberg
Synonyms: Polyscias scutellaria (hort. ex André) L.H. Bailey, Polyscias

scutellaria Burm. f., Polyscias scutellaria hort. ex André
Note: The record for Peru may be due to a misidentification (Frodin, pers. comm.).
Polystachya altilamellata Schltr.
Polystachya altilamellata Schltr. = Polystachya foliosa (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Polystachya amazonica Schltr.
Polystachya amazonica Schltr. = Polystachya foliosa (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Polystachya boliviensis Schltr.
Polystachya boliviensis Schltr.

Polystachya caracasana Rchb. f.
Polystachya caracasana Rchb. f. = Polystachya foliosa (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Polystachya cerea Lindl.
Polystachya cerea Lindl. = Polystachya foliosa (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garay & H.R. Sweet
Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garay & H.R. Sweet
Synonyms: Polystachya concreta (Sw.) Hooker, Polystachya concreta Jacq.,

Polystachya concreta Sw.
Polystachya ecuadorensis Schltr.
Polystachya ecuadorensis Schltr. = Polystachya foliosa (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Polystachya foliosa (Lindl.) Rchb. f.

Polystachya foliosa (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Polystachya foliosa Fawc. & Rendle, Polystachya foliosa Lindl.,

Polystachya foliosa Lindl., Polystachya foliosa Poepp. & Endl., Polystachya foliosa
Rchb. f., Polystachya foliosa Schltr., Polystachya foliosa Schltr., Polystachya
foliosa Schltr., Polystachya foliosa Schltr., Polystachya foliosa Schltr.
Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Andean I: swamps. 500-1000 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto.
Polystachya huebneri Schltr.
Polystachya huebneri Schltr. = Polystachya foliosa (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Polystachya luteola (Sw.) Hooker
Polystachya luteola (Sw.) Hooker = Polystachya concreta (Jacq.) Garay & H.R. Sweet
Polystachya minor Fawc. & Rendle
Polystachya minor Fawc. & Rendle = Polystachya foliosa (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Polystachya nana (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.
Polystachya nana (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Polystachya nana Poepp. & Endl.

Polystachya poeppigii Schltr.
Polystachya poeppigii Schltr. = Polystachya foliosa (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Polystachya stenophylla Schltr.
Polystachya stenophylla Schltr.

Polystichum subintegerrimum (Hook. & Arn.) Barrington
Polystichum subintegerrimum (Hook. & Arn.) Barrington
Reference: Barrington, D. S., 1989: 373.

Ecology: Native saphrophyte. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: S.G.E. Saunders 517 (F!)
Polytaenium cajenense (Desv.) Benedict
Polytaenium cajenense (Desv.) Benedict

Ecology: Native epiphytic herb. Region uncertain: terra firme forests. 0-1500 m.
$
Polytaenium discoideum (Kunze) Benedict
Polytaenium discoideum (Kunze) Benedict = ?
Polytaenium guayanense (Hieron.) Alston
Polytaenium guayanense (Hieron.) Alston

Voucher: Tryon & Tryon 5300 (US, USM)
Polytaenium lanceolatum (Sw.) Desv.
Polytaenium lanceolatum (Sw.) Desv. = ?
Polytaenium lineatum (Sw.) J. Sm.
Polytaenium lineatum (Sw.) J. Sm.

Departments: Ayacucho, Huánuco, Junín.
Pomaria glauca Cav.
Pomaria glauca Cav. = Cercidium praecox subsp. glaucum (Cav.) Burkart & Carter
Reference: FP 21: 187; Burkart, A. & A. Carter, 1976: 309.
Note: NN
Ponera adendrobium Rchb. f.
Ponera adendrobium Rchb. f. = Maxillaria adendrobium (Rchb. f.) Dressler
Ponera affinis (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f.
Ponera affinis (Poepp. & Endl.) Rchb. f. = Maxillaria affinis (Poepp. & Endl.)
Garay
Reference: FP 1473: 542; Garay, L. A., 1962: 527; Dodson, 1992.
Ponera amethystina Rchb. f.
Ponera amethystina Rchb. f. = Scaphyglottis stellata (Lodd.) Lodd. ex Lindl.
Ponera conferta (Ruiz & Pav.) Rchb. f.
Ponera conferta (Ruiz & Pav.) Rchb. f. = Scaphyglottis conferta (R. & P.) Poepp. &
Endl.
Ponera graminifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Rchb. f.
Ponera graminifolia (Ruiz & Pav.) Rchb. f. = Scaphyglottis graminifolia (R. & P.)
Poepp. & Endl.

$
Ponera mapiriensis Kraenzl.
Ponera mapiriensis Kraenzl. = Scaphyglottis prolifera (R. Br. ex Lindl.) Cogn.
Ponera pleurostachys Linden & Reichenbach f.
Ponera pleurostachys Linden & Reichenbach f. = Orleanesia pleurostachys (Linden &

Reichenbach f.) Garay & Dunst.
Ponera punctulata Rchb. f.
Ponera punctulata Rchb. f. = Scaphyglottis punctulata (Rchb. f.) C. Schweinf.
Ponera striata Lindl.
Ponera striata Lindl.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Ponera violacea (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Ponera violacea (Lindl.) Rchb. f. = Scaphyglottis graminifolia (R. & P.) Poepp. &
Endl.
Reference: FP 1473: 550; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx; Adams, pers. comm..
$
Pongatium indicum Lam.
Pongatium indicum Lam. = Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn.
Pongatium spongiosum Blanco
Pongatium spongiosum Blanco = Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn.
Pongatium zeylanicum (Gaertn.) Kuntze
Pongatium zeylanicum (Gaertn.) Kuntze = Sphenoclea zeylanica Gaertn.
Pontederia azurea Sw.
Pontederia azurea Sw. = Eichhornia azurea (Sw.) Kunth
Reference: Horn, C. N., 1987: 16.
Pontederia cordifolia Martius ex Roemer & Schultes
Pontederia cordifolia Martius ex Roemer & Schultes = Pontederia rotundifolia L. f.
Pontederia crassipes Mart.

Pontederia crassipes Mart. = Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms
Reference: FP 1183: 609; Horn, C. N., 1987: 14.
Pontederia rotundifolia L. f.
Pontederia rotundifolia L. f.
Synonyms: Pontederia rotundifolia Martius ex Roemer & Schultes

Reference: Flora Peru: 1183: 609; Horn, C. N., 1987: 5.
Ponthieva bicornuta C. Schweinf.
Ponthieva bicornuta C. Schweinf.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean II: elfin forests. 2000-2500 m.
Ponthieva calva Kraenzl.
Ponthieva calva Kraenzl. = Cranichis calva (Kraenzlin) Schltr.
Ponthieva chuquiribambae (Kraenzl.) Ames & C. Schweinf.
Ponthieva chuquiribambae (Kraenzl.) Ames & C. Schweinf. = Ponthieva sylvicola Rchb.

f.
Note: NN
$
Ponthieva diptera Lindl. & Rchb. f.
Ponthieva diptera Lindl. & Rchb. f.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 121; Garay, L. A., 1978: 216; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Departments: Cuzco.
Ponthieva inaudita Rchb. f.
Ponthieva inaudita Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Ponthieva inaudita Mansf., Ponthieva inaudita Schltr.

Ecology. 1500-2500 m.
Ponthieva koehleri Mansf.
Ponthieva koehleri Mansf. = Ponthieva inaudita Rchb. f.
Ponthieva lilacina C. Schweinf.
Ponthieva lilacina C. Schweinf.

Voucher: Weberbauer 7842* , Hutchison & Wright 5269 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco.
$
Ponthieva mandonii Rchb. f.
Ponthieva mandonii Rchb. f.

Ponthieva microglossa Schltr.
Ponthieva microglossa Schltr. = Ponthieva inaudita Rchb. f.
Ponthieva montana Lindl.
Ponthieva montana Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 124; 1510: 5; Garay, L. A., 1978: 224; Dodson, pers.
comm..
Ponthieva multiflora Poepp. & Endl.
Ponthieva multiflora Poepp. & Endl. = Cranichis multiflora (Poeppig & Endlicher)
Cogn.
Ponthieva oligoneura Schltr.

Ponthieva oligoneura Schltr.

Voucher: Weberbauer 9314* , Woytkowski 5199 (MO!)
Ponthieva pseudoracemosa Garay
Ponthieva pseudoracemosa Garay
Reference: Garay, L. A., 1978: 221.

Ponthieva pubescens (C. Presl) C. Schweinf.
Ponthieva pubescens (C. Presl) C. Schweinf.
Synonyms: Ponthieva pubescens C. Presl

Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) C. Mohr
Ponthieva racemosa (Walter) C. Mohr
Synonyms: Ponthieva racemosa Walter

Ponthieva rostrata Lindl.

Ponthieva rostrata Lindl.

Ponthieva similis C. Schweinf.
Ponthieva similis C. Schweinf.
Ecology. 2500-3000 m.
Ponthieva sprucei Cogn.
Ponthieva sprucei Cogn.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 3936*
Ponthieva sylvicola Rchb. f.
Ponthieva sylvicola Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Ponthieva sylvicola (Kraenzl.) Ames & C. Schweinf., Ponthieva sylvicola

Kraenzl.
Ponthieva venusta Schltr.

Ponthieva venusta Schltr.
Ecology. 2000-3500 m.
Voucher: Weberbauer 2424* (B photo MO!), Weberbauer 529 (AMES)
Departments: Cuzco.
Ponthieva villosa Lindl.
Ponthieva villosa Lindl.
Ecology. 2000-3000 m.
Ponthieva weberbaueri Schltr.
Ponthieva weberbaueri Schltr.

Ecology. 1500-2000 m.
Departments: Ayacucho, Cuzco, Huánuco.
Poponax farnesiana (L.) Raf.
Poponax farnesiana (L.) Raf. = Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd.
Reference: Steyermark, J. A. & O. Huber, 1978: 560.
Populus deltoides Bartram
Populus deltoides Bartram

$
Poraqueiba guianensis Aubl.
Poraqueiba guianensis Aubl.
Reference: Howard, R. A., 1942: 56.

Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian: terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Poraqueiba paraensis Ducke
Poraqueiba paraensis Ducke
Reference: Howard, R. A., 1942: 55.

Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m.

Poraqueiba sericea Tul.
Poraqueiba sericea Tul.

Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian: forests, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Porcelia nitidifolia Ruiz & Pav.
Porcelia nitidifolia Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (photo MO!), Schunke 7832 (MO!)
Porcelia ponderosa (Rusby) Rusby
Porcelia ponderosa (Rusby) Rusby
Synonyms: Porcelia ponderosa Rusby, Porcelia ponderosa Rusby

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-
1500 m.
Departments: Cuzco, Huánuco, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.
Porcelia saffordiana Rusby
Porcelia saffordiana Rusby = Porcelia ponderosa (Rusby) Rusby
Porlieria hygrometra Ruiz & Pav.
Porlieria hygrometra Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 653: 653; Porter, D. M., 1974: 343.

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean I-II: rocky slopes, shrublands. 1000-2000 m.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Bird 1097 (MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Huánuco, Piura.
Porlieria lorentzii Engl.
Porlieria lorentzii Engl. = Porlieria microphylla (Baill.) Descole, O'Donell &

Lourteig
Reference: FP 653: 653; Descole, H. R., C. A. O'Donell & A. Lourteig, 1940: 329.
$
Porlieria microphylla (Baill.) Descole, O'Donell & Lourteig
Porlieria microphylla (Baill.) Descole, O'Donell & Lourteig
Synonyms: Porlieria microphylla Baill., Porlieria microphylla Engl.

Reference: Flora Peru: 653: 653; Descole, H. R., C. A. O'Donell & A. Lourteig,
1940: 329; Porter, D. M., 1974: 343.
Voucher: Weberbauer 3741 (B photo F)
Porocystis toulicioides Radlk.
Porocystis toulicioides Radlk.

Porodittia triandra (Cav.) G. Don
Porodittia triandra (Cav.) G. Don
Synonyms: Porodittia triandra (Cav.) M. Vahl, Porodittia triandra (Cav.) Wettstein,

Porodittia triandra (G. Don) Pers., Porodittia triandra Cav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1361: 701; Molau, U., 1988: 42.
Ecology: Endemic subshrub. Andean II-III: shrublands. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: López et al. 8360 (HUT, MO!)
Departments: Ancash, Ayacucho, Lima.
Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass.
Porophyllum ruderale (Jacq.) Cass.
Synonyms: Porophyllum ruderale Jacq., Porophyllum ruderale Muschl.

Reference: Johnson, R. R., 1969: 234.
Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Foster 6680 (F)
Departments: Huánuco, Lima, Madre de Dios.
Porphyrostachys parviflora (C. Schweinf.) Garay
Porphyrostachys parviflora (C. Schweinf.) Garay
Synonyms: Porphyrostachys parviflora (C. Schweinf.) C. Schweinf., Porphyrostachys

parviflora C. Schweinf.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 2301* (F), López & Sagástegui 8060
(MO!)
Departments: Ancash, La Libertad.
Porphyrostachys pilifera (Kunth) Rchb. f.
Porphyrostachys pilifera (Kunth) Rchb. f.
Synonyms: Porphyrostachys pilifera (Kunth) C. Schweinf., Porphyrostachys pilifera

Kunth, Porphyrostachys pilifera Lindl.
Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: cloud forests, rocky slopes. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Goodspeed 33074 (MO!)
Departments: Lima.
Porroglossum agile Luer
Porroglossum agile Luer

Porroglossum lycinum Luer

Porroglossum lycinum Luer

Porroglossum meridionale P. Ortíz
Porroglossum meridionale P. Ortíz
Reference: Ortiz Valdivieso, P., 1977: 224.

Voucher: Escobar 1690* (COL)
Porroglossum peruvianum Sweet
Porroglossum peruvianum Sweet
Reference: Sweet, H. R., 1973: 221.

Voucher: Bennett & Bennett 1959* (AMES)
Portesia echinocarpa Vriese
Portesia echinocarpa Vriese = Trichilia pallida Sw.

95.
Portlandia corymbosa Ruiz & Pav.
Portlandia corymbosa Ruiz & Pav. = Exostema corymbosum (Ruiz Lopez & Pavon)
Sprengel
Portlandia hexandra Jacq.
Portlandia hexandra Jacq. = Coutarea hexandra (Jacq.) K. Schum.
Portulaca amboensis J.F. Macbr.
Portulaca amboensis J.F. Macbr. = Portulaca elongata var. elongata
Reference: FP 1263: 563; Legrand, C. D., 1962: 54.
Portulaca amilis Spegazzini
Portulaca amilis Spegazzini
Portulaca amilis var.amilis
Portulaca amilis var. amilis
Reference: Legrand, C. D., 1962: 66.

Note: See note under P. rubricaulis.
Portulaca arequipaensis Poelln.
Portulaca arequipaensis Poelln. = Portulaca perennis R.E. Fr.

Portulaca elongata Rusby
Portulaca elongata Rusby
Portulaca elongata var.elongata
Portulaca elongata var. elongata
Synonyms: Portulaca elongata elongata J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Macbride 3202 (F)
Portulaca fluvialis Legrand
Portulaca fluvialis Legrand
Portulaca fluvialis var.fluvialis
Portulaca fluvialis var. fluvialis

Portulaca halimoides L.
Portulaca halimoides L.
Synonyms: Portulaca halimoides J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Haught F180 (F)
Departments: Piura.
Portulaca haughtii J.F. Macbr.
Portulaca haughtii J.F. Macbr. = Portulaca halimoides L.
Portulaca lanuginosa Kunth
Portulaca lanuginosa Kunth
Reference: Flora Peru: 1263: 564; Legrand, C. D., 1962: 69.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, riversides. 2000-2500 m.
Note: One of the collections cited under this species in the Flora of Peru,
Macbride 3201, is the type of P. macbridei.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Weberbauer 2367 (B)
Portulaca macbridei Legrand
Portulaca macbridei Legrand

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. The cited voucher was listed
under P. lanuginosa in the Flora of Peru.
Voucher: Macbride 3201* (NY)
Portulaca nivea Poelln.

Portulaca nivea Poelln.

Voucher: Eyerdam 25160 (GH)
Portulaca oleracea L.
Portulaca oleracea L.
Portulaca oleracea subsp.oleracea
Portulaca oleracea subsp. oleracea
Reference: Flora Peru: 1263: 564; Nevling Jr., L. I., 1961: 88; Legrand, C. D.,
1962: 21; Mostacero, I., 1976: 7.
Portulaca oleracea subsp.tuberculata Danin & H. G. Baker
Portulaca oleracea subsp. tuberculata Danin & H. G. Baker
Reference: Danin, A., I. Baker & H. G. Baker, 1978: 194.

Portulaca paniculata Jacq.
Portulaca paniculata Jacq. = Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn.
Reference: FP 1263: 567; Nevling Jr., L. I., 1961: 86.

$
Portulaca patens Jacq.
Portulaca patens Jacq. = Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn.
Reference: FP 1263: 567; Nevling Jr., L. I., 1961: 86.
Portulaca perennis R.E. Fr.
Portulaca perennis R.E. Fr.
Synonyms: Portulaca perennis I.M. Johnst., Portulaca perennis Poelln.

Ecology: Native herb. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, shrublands. 1500-
2500 m.
Voucher: Macbride & Featherstone 278 (F)
Departments: Ancash, Arequipa, Lima, Moquegua.
Portulaca peruviana I.M. Johnst.
Portulaca peruviana I.M. Johnst. = Portulaca perennis R.E. Fr.
Portulaca philippii I.M. Johnst.
Portulaca philippii I.M. Johnst.

Note: Not known from Peru. Legrand (1962) says that this species is found in
Bolivia and Chile; the collection cited in the Flora of Peru, Pentland s.n., was
not included under this species by Legrand.
Portulaca pilosa L.
Portulaca pilosa L.
Portulaca pilosa L. var.pilosa
Portulaca pilosa L. var. pilosa

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I-III: disturbed areas, forests,
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Loreto.
Portulaca pilosissima Hooker
Portulaca pilosissima Hooker

Note: Not known from Peru. According to Legrand (1962), specimens cited under
this species in the Flora of Peru are referrable to P. nivea Poellnitz.
Portulaca portulacastrum L.
Portulaca portulacastrum L. = Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L.
Portulaca racemosa L.
Portulaca racemosa L. = Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd.
Portulaca reflexa (Cav.) Haw.

Portulaca reflexa (Cav.) Haw. = Talinum paniculatum (Jacq.) Gaertn.
Reference: Nevling Jr., L. I., 1961: 86.
Portulaca rubricaulis Kunth
Portulaca rubricaulis Kunth

Note: Not known from Peru. Collections cited under this name in the Flora of Peru
were redetermined as P. amilis var. amilis by Legrand (1962).
Portulaca tingoensis J.F. Macbr.
Portulaca tingoensis J.F. Macbr.
Portulaca tingoensis var.tingoensis
Portulaca tingoensis var. tingoensis

Portulaca triangularis Jacq.
Portulaca triangularis Jacq. = Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd.
Portulaca umbraticola Kunth

Portulaca umbraticola Kunth

Posadaea sphaerocarpa Cogn.
Posadaea sphaerocarpa Cogn.

Ecology: Native herb, vine. .. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Gentry & Revilla 16406 (K!)
Posoqueria coriacea M. Martens & Galeotti
Posoqueria coriacea M. Martens & Galeotti
Posoqueria coriacea subsp.formosa (Karsten) Steyerm.
Posoqueria coriacea subsp. formosa (Karsten) Steyerm.
Synonyms: Posoqueria coriacea formosa (Karsten) Planch., Posoqueria coriacea

formosa Karsten
Note: Perhaps better recognized at the species level. Frequently misidentified as
P. latifolia.
Departments: Pasco.
Posoqueria coriacea subsp. maxima (Standl.) Steyerm.

Posoqueria coriacea subsp. maxima (Standl.) Steyerm. = Posoqueria maxima Standl.
Posoqueria formosa (Karsten) Planch.
Posoqueria formosa (Karsten) Planch. = Posoqueria coriacea subsp. formosa (Karsten)

Steyerm.
Posoqueria latifolia (Rudge) Roem. & Schult.
Posoqueria latifolia (Rudge) Roem. & Schult.
Posoqueria latifolia subsp.gracilis (Rudge) Steyerm.
Posoqueria latifolia subsp. gracilis (Rudge) Steyerm.
Synonyms: Posoqueria latifolia gracilis Rudge

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I: disturbed areas, forests. 500-1000 m.
Posoqueria latifolia subsp.latifolia
Posoqueria latifolia subsp. latifolia
Synonyms: Posoqueria latifolia latifolia Rudge

Note: Some specimens cited in the Flora of Peru under P. latifolia are P.
panamensis subsp. grandiflora.
$
Posoqueria longiflora Aubl.
Posoqueria longiflora Aubl.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, riversides,
Note: Some specimens cited in the Flora of Peru under this name are Posoqueria
panamensis subsp. grandiflora.
Posoqueria maxima Standl.
Posoqueria maxima Standl.
Synonyms: Posoqueria maxima (Standl.) Steyerm.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Posoqueria panamensis (Walp. & Duchass.) Walp.
Posoqueria panamensis (Walp. & Duchass.) Walp.
Posoqueria panamensis subsp.grandiflora (Karsten) Steyerm.
Posoqueria panamensis subsp. grandiflora (Karsten) Steyerm.
Synonyms: Posoqueria panamensis grandiflora Karsten

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, seasonally inundated
areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Note: This taxon includes specimens cited as both P. latifolia and P. longiflora in
the Flora of Peru.
Posoqueria speciosa Krause
Posoqueria speciosa Krause = Tocoyena foetida Poepp.
Possira arborescens Aubl.
Possira arborescens Aubl. = Swartzia arborescens (Aubl.) Pittier
Possira simplex Sw.
Possira simplex Sw. = Swartzia simplex (Sw.) Spreng. var. simplex
Potalia amara Aubl.
Potalia amara Aubl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1341: 269; Leeuwenberg, A. J. M., 1971: 542.

Martín, Ucayali.
Potamogeton aschersonii A. Benn.

Potamogeton aschersonii A. Benn. = Potamogeton pusillus L.
Reference: FP 620: 87; Haynes, R. R. & L. B. Holm-Nielsen, 1986: 59.
Potamogeton berteroanus Philippi
Potamogeton berteroanus Philippi = Potamogeton pusillus L.
Reference: FP 620: 88; Haynes, R. R. & L. B. Holm-Nielsen, 1986: 59.
Potamogeton ferrugineus Hagstrom
Potamogeton ferrugineus Hagstrom
Reference: Tur, N. M., 1982: 259.

Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Andean II: submerged. 3000-3500 m.
Voucher: Tovar 4347 (USM!)
Potamogeton filifolius Phil.
Potamogeton filifolius Phil. = Ruppia filifolia (Phil.) Skottsb.
Potamogeton filiformis Pers.
Potamogeton filiformis Pers.
Synonyms: Potamogeton filiformis Philippi

Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Andean II-III: emergent. 2500-4000 m.
Voucher: Horn 68 (MO!)
Departments: Puno.
$
Potamogeton illinoensis Morong
Potamogeton illinoensis Morong

Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Andean II: emergent. 2000-3000 m.
Voucher: Sánchez & Cabanillas 3905 (F!)
Potamogeton nodosus Poir.
Potamogeton nodosus Poir.

Potamogeton paramoanus R.R. Haynes & Holm-Niels.
Potamogeton paramoanus R.R. Haynes & Holm-Niels.

Departments: Ancash, Cajamarca, San Martín.
Potamogeton pectinatus L.
Potamogeton pectinatus L.

Voucher: Cano 476 (USM)
Departments: Lima.
$
Potamogeton punense Galan-Mera
Potamogeton punense Galan-Mera
Reference: Galán-Mera, A., 1988: 495.

Ecology: Native aquatic herb. Andean II-III: emergent. 3000-4000 m.
Voucher: Iltis et al. 1441* (MO!, USM), Iltis 353 (USM!)
Potamogeton pusillus L.
Potamogeton pusillus L.
Synonyms: Potamogeton pusillus A. Benn., Potamogeton pusillus Philippi

Departments: Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad.
Potamogeton striatus Ruiz & Pav.
Potamogeton striatus Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Flora Peru: 620: 88; Haynes, R. R. & L. B. Holm-Nielsen, 1986: 62; Tur,
N. M., 1982: 231.
Voucher: Ruiz & Pavón s.n.* (MA), Ferreyra 2074 (USM!)
Departments: Amazonas, Junín, Lima, La Libertad.
Potamogeton strictus Philippi
Potamogeton strictus Philippi = Potamogeton filiformis Pers.
$
Potentilla dombeyi Nestl.
Potentilla dombeyi Nestl.

Ecology: Endemic herb. Andean III: disturbed areas, grasslands, shrublands. 3500-
4500 m.
Voucher: Dombey s.n.* (photo MO!), Smith et al. 9099 (MO!)
Potentilla indica (Andrzejowski) Th. Wolf
Potentilla indica (Andrzejowski) Th. Wolf = Duchesnea indica (Andrzejowski) Focke
Potentilla norvegica L.
Potentilla norvegica L.
Potentilla weddellii J.F. Macbr.
Potentilla weddellii J.F. Macbr.

Note: Known from Peru only from the type locality. ; originally labeled P. gayana
Weddell.
Voucher: Gay s.n.* (photo MO!)
Departments: Cuzco.
Pothomorphe dombeyana Miq.
Pothomorphe dombeyana Miq. = Piper umbellatum L.

Reference: FP 1216: 106; Trelease, W. & T. G. Yuncker, 1950: 439; Steyermark, J.
A., 1984: 602.
Pothomorphe iquitosensis Trel.
Pothomorphe iquitosensis Trel. = Piper peltatum L.
Pothomorphe peltata (L.) Miq.
Pothomorphe peltata (L.) Miq. = Piper peltatum L.
Pothomorphe umbellata (L.) Miq.
Pothomorphe umbellata (L.) Miq. = Piper umbellatum L.
Reference: Bornstein, pers. comm..
Pothos cannaefolia Dryander
Pothos cannaefolia Dryander = Spathiphyllum cannaefolium (Dryander) Schott
Reference: FP 853: 439; Bunting, G., 1960: 12.
Pothos gracilis Rudge
Pothos gracilis Rudge = Anthurium gracile (Rudge) Schott

$
Pothos panduriformis Kunth
Pothos panduriformis Kunth = Philodendron panduriforme (Kunth) Kunth var.

panduriforme
Pothos rubrinervius Link
Pothos rubrinervius Link = Anthurium rubrinervium (Link) G. Don
Pothos sagittifolius Rudge
Pothos sagittifolius Rudge = Urospatha sagittifolia (Rudge) Schott
Pothos scolopendrinus Ham.
Pothos scolopendrinus Ham. = Anthurium gracile (Rudge) Schott
Pothuava fraseri (Baker) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress
Pothuava fraseri (Baker) L.B. Sm. & W.J. Kress = Aechmea fraseri Baker
$
Pothuava nudicaulis (L.) Regel
Pothuava nudicaulis (L.) Regel = Aechmea nudicaulis (L.) Griseb. var. nudicaulis
Pothuava spicata Gaudich.
Pothuava spicata Gaudich. = Aechmea nudicaulis var. cuspidata Baker

Note: NN
Poulsenia armata (Miq.) Standl.
Poulsenia armata (Miq.) Standl.
Synonyms: Poulsenia armata Miq.

Martín, Ucayali.
Pourouma acuminata Miq.
Pourouma acuminata Miq.
Reference: Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden, 1990: 173.

0-500 m.
Pourouma apiculata Spruce ex Benoist

Pourouma apiculata Spruce ex Benoist = Pourouma tomentosa subsp. apiculata (Spruce
ex Benoist) C.C. Berg & Heusden
Pourouma bicolor Mart.
Pourouma bicolor Mart.
Pourouma bicolor Mart. subsp.bicolor
Pourouma bicolor Mart. subsp. bicolor

Pourouma bicolor subsp.scobina (Benoist) C.C. Berg & Heusden
Pourouma bicolor subsp. scobina (Benoist) C.C. Berg & Heusden
Synonyms: Pourouma bicolor scobina Benoist

Pourouma bicolor subsp.tessmannii (Mildbr.) C.C. Berg & Heusden
Pourouma bicolor subsp. tessmannii (Mildbr.) C.C. Berg & Heusden
Synonyms: Pourouma bicolor tessmannii Mildbr.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 4236* (US), Gentry et al. 1604 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Pasco.
Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart.
Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart.
Synonyms: Pourouma cecropiifolia Trécul

Reference: Flora Peru: 1233: 291; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van
Heusden, 1990: 144.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally
Note: Often cultivated for its fruit; the occurrence of this species often
indicates previous human habitation at a site.
Voucher: Croat 20662 (MO!, USM!)
Pourouma cucura Standl. & Cuatrec.
Pourouma cucura Standl. & Cuatrec.

Pourouma cuspidata Mildbr.
Pourouma cuspidata Mildbr.

Voucher: Gentry et al. 41890 (BG)
Departments: Pasco.
Pourouma folleata J.F. Macbr.

Pourouma folleata J.F. Macbr. = Pourouma minor Benoist
Reference: FP 1233: 292; Berg, C. C., R. W. A. P. Akkermans & E. C. H. van Heusden,

1990: 186.
Pourouma guianensis Aubl.
Pourouma guianensis Aubl.
Pourouma guianensis Aubl. subsp.guianensis
Pourouma guianensis Aubl. subsp. guianensis
Synonyms: Pourouma guianensis guianensis Mildbr., Pourouma guianensis guianensis

Poepp. & Endl.
Martín.
Pourouma herrerensis C.C. Berg
Pourouma herrerensis C.C. Berg

Voucher: Spichiger et al. 1995* (G), Vásquez et al. 7535 (BG)
Pourouma jussieuana Trécul
Pourouma jussieuana Trécul = Pourouma mollis subsp. triloba (Trécul)

C.C. Berg & Heusden
1990: 156.
Pourouma melinonii Benoist
Pourouma melinonii Benoist
Pourouma melinonii Benoist subsp.melinonii
Pourouma melinonii Benoist subsp. melinonii

Pourouma minor Benoist
Pourouma minor Benoist
Synonyms: Pourouma minor J.F. Macbr., Pourouma minor Killip ex J.F. Macbr.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios,
Ucayali.
Pourouma mollis subsp.triloba (Trécul) C.C. Berg & Heusden
Pourouma mollis subsp. triloba (Trécul) C.C. Berg & Heusden
Synonyms: Pourouma mollis triloba Klotzsch, Pourouma mollis triloba Trécul,

Pourouma mollis triloba Trécul
Pourouma mollis Trécul
Pourouma mollis Trécul
Pourouma multifida Trécul
Pourouma multifida Trécul = Pourouma cecropiifolia Mart.

1990: 144.
Pourouma myrmecophila Ducke
Pourouma myrmecophila Ducke

Voucher: McDaniel et al. 20436 (U)
Pourouma oraria Standl. & Cuatrec.
Pourouma oraria Standl. & Cuatrec.

Pourouma ovata Trécul

Pourouma ovata Trécul

Pourouma palmata Poepp. & Endl.
Pourouma palmata Poepp. & Endl. = Pourouma guianensis Aubl. subsp. guianensis

1990: 123.
Pourouma phaeotricha Mildbr.
Pourouma phaeotricha Mildbr.
Heusden, 1990: 152.
Voucher: Tessmann 5364* (US), Davidson 5203 (MO!)
Pourouma scobina Benoist
Pourouma scobina Benoist = Pourouma bicolor subsp. scobina (Benoist) C.C. Berg &
Heusden
Pourouma substrigosa Mildbr.
Pourouma substrigosa Mildbr. = Pourouma guianensis Aubl. subsp. guianensis

1990: 123.
Pourouma tessmannii Mildbr.
Pourouma tessmannii Mildbr. = Pourouma bicolor subsp. tessmannii (Mildbr.) C.C.

Berg & Heusden

1990: 137.
Pourouma tomentosa Miq.
Pourouma tomentosa Miq.
Pourouma tomentosa Miq. subsp.tomentosa
Pourouma tomentosa Miq. subsp. tomentosa

Voucher: Ruiz 1189 (MO!)
Pourouma tomentosa subsp.apiculata (Spruce ex Benoist) C.C. Berg & Heusden
Pourouma tomentosa subsp. apiculata (Spruce ex Benoist) C.C. Berg & Heusden
Synonyms: Pourouma tomentosa apiculata Spruce ex Benoist

Voucher: Gentry et al. 39264 (BG)
$
Pourouma tomentosa subsp.persecta Standl. ex C.C. Berg & Heusden
Pourouma tomentosa subsp. persecta Standl. ex C.C. Berg & Heusden

Ecology. 0-2000 m.
Voucher: Vásquez et al. 809 (BG)
Pourouma triloba Klotzsch
Pourouma triloba Klotzsch = Pourouma mollis subsp. triloba (Trécul) C.C.

Berg & Heusden

1990: 156.
Pourouma triloba Trécul
Pourouma triloba Trécul = Pourouma mollis subsp. triloba (Trécul)

C.C. Berg & Heusden

1990: 156.
Pourouma ulei Warb.
Pourouma ulei Warb.
Heusden, 1990: 194.
Note: Not known from Peru. The specimen cited in the Flora of Peru was
redetermined by Berg et al. (1990) as P. cecropiifolia.
Pourouma velutina Miq.

Pourouma velutina Miq.

Voucher: McDaniel et al. 20403 (NA)
Pourretia arborea Willd.
Pourretia arborea Willd. = Cavanillesia umbellata Ruiz & Pav.
Pourretia ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng.
Pourretia ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) Spreng. = Puya ferruginea (Ruiz & Pav.) L.B. Sm.
Pourretia gigantea Raimondi
Pourretia gigantea Raimondi = Puya raimondii Harms
Pourretia inermis Meyer
Pourretia inermis Meyer = Pitcairnia inermis (Meyer) Mey.? ex Schult.f.
Pourretia lanata Kunth

Pourretia lanata Kunth = Puya lanata (Kunth) Schult. f.
Pourretia lanuginosa Ruiz & Pav.
Pourretia lanuginosa Ruiz & Pav. = Puya lanuginosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Schult.f.
Pourretia paniculata Ruiz & Pav.
Pourretia paniculata Ruiz & Pav. = Pitcairnia paniculata (Ruiz & Pav.) Ruiz & Pav.
Pourretia platanifolia Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl.
Pourretia platanifolia Bonpl. in Humb. & Bonpl. = Cavanillesia platanifolia (Bonpl.

in Humb. & Bonpl.) Kunth
Pourretia pyramidata Ruiz & Pav.
Pourretia pyramidata Ruiz & Pav. = Puya pyramidata (Ruiz & Pav.) Schult.f.
Pourretia sympaganthera Ruiz & Pav.
Pourretia sympaganthera Ruiz & Pav. = Guzmania monostachia (L.) Rusby ex Mez var.
monostachia
Pouteria anibifolia (A.C. Sm.) Baehni
Pouteria anibifolia (A.C. Sm.) Baehni = Pouteria reticulata (Engl.) Eyma subsp.
reticulata
Pouteria aubrevillei Bernardi
Pouteria aubrevillei Bernardi
Synonyms: Pouteria aubrevillei Aubrév.

Pouteria bangii (Rusby) T.D. Penn.
Pouteria bangii (Rusby) T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Pouteria bangii Rusby

Departments: Amazonas, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Pouteria bilocularis (Winkler) Baehni
Pouteria bilocularis (Winkler) Baehni
Synonyms: Pouteria bilocularis Winkler

Pouteria bonneriana Bernardi
Pouteria bonneriana Bernardi

Voucher: Wurdack 2470* (G), Wurdack 2514 (F)
Pouteria bouffardiana Bernardi
Pouteria bouffardiana Bernardi = Pouteria laevigata (Mart.) Radlk.
Pouteria caimito (Ruiz & Pav.) Radlk.
Pouteria caimito (Ruiz & Pav.) Radlk.
Synonyms: Pouteria caimito (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart., Pouteria caimito (Ruiz & Pav.)
Pierre, Pouteria caimito (Ruiz & Pav.) Roem. & Schult., Pouteria caimito Baehni,
Pouteria caimito Kunth, Pouteria caimito Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-2000 m.
Pouteria cinnamomea Baehni
Pouteria cinnamomea Baehni

Synonyms: Pouteria cinnamomea Diels
Voucher: Weberbauer 5034* (F frag.)
Departments: Cuzco.
Pouteria cladantha Sandwith
Pouteria cladantha Sandwith
Synonyms: Pouteria cladantha Baehni

Pouteria cuspidata Baehni subsp.cuspidata
Pouteria cuspidata Baehni subsp. cuspidata
Synonyms: Pouteria cuspidata cuspidata A.DC.

0-500 m.
Pouteria cuspidata (A. DC.) Baehni
Pouteria cuspidata (A. DC.) Baehni
Pouteria cuspidata subsp.dura (Eyma) T.D. Penn.
Pouteria cuspidata subsp. dura (Eyma) T.D. Penn.

Synonyms: Pouteria cuspidata dura (Aubrév.) Bernardi, Pouteria cuspidata
dura Aubrév., Pouteria cuspidata dura Eyma
Pouteria cuspidata subsp.robusta (Mart. & Eichler) T.D. Penn.
Pouteria cuspidata subsp. robusta (Mart. & Eichler) T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Pouteria cuspidata robusta Mart. & Eichler

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests, seasonally inundated areas.
0-2000 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Huánuco, Loreto, Ucayali.
Pouteria cylindrocarpa (Poepp.) Baehni
Pouteria cylindrocarpa (Poepp.) Baehni = Micropholis cylindrocarpa (Poepp.) Pierre
Pouteria deliciosa T.D. Penn.
Pouteria deliciosa T.D. Penn.

Voucher: Bernardi s.n.* (G)
Pouteria duckeana Baehni
Pouteria duckeana Baehni = Micropholis guyanensis subsp. duckeana (Baehni) T.D.

Penn.
Pouteria dura Eyma
Pouteria dura Eyma = Pouteria cuspidata subsp. dura (Eyma) T.D. Penn.
Pouteria durlandii (Standl.) Baehni
Pouteria durlandii (Standl.) Baehni
Pouteria durlandii (Standl.) Baehni subsp.durlandii
Pouteria durlandii (Standl.) Baehni subsp. durlandii
Synonyms: Pouteria durlandii durlandii Standl.

Voucher: Tessmann 4296 (NY)
Pouteria durlandii subsp.pubicarpa T.D. Penn.
Pouteria durlandii subsp. pubicarpa T.D. Penn.

Departments: Huánuco, Junín, Madre de Dios.
$
Pouteria elegans (A. DC.) Baehni
Pouteria elegans (A. DC.) Baehni
Synonyms: Pouteria elegans A. DC.

Pouteria ephedrantha (A.C. Sm.) T.D. Penn.
Pouteria ephedrantha (A.C. Sm.) T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Pouteria ephedrantha A.C. Sm.

1000 m.
Voucher: Reynel 286 (MOL!)
Pouteria flava Baehni
Pouteria flava Baehni = Micropholis venulosa (C. Martius & Eichler) Pierre
Pouteria franciscana Baehni
Pouteria franciscana Baehni

$
Pouteria glabrescens (C. Mart. & Eichler) Baehni
Pouteria glabrescens (C. Mart. & Eichler) Baehni = Elaeoluma glabrescens (C. Mart.
& Eichler) Aubrév.
Pouteria glauca T.D. Penn.
Pouteria glauca T.D. Penn.

Voucher: Solomon 3511* (MO!), Schunke 6413 (F)
Pouteria glomerata (Miq.) Radlk.
Pouteria glomerata (Miq.) Radlk.
Pouteria glomerata (Miq.) Radlk. subsp.glomerata
Pouteria glomerata (Miq.) Radlk. subsp. glomerata
Synonyms: Pouteria glomerata (Miq.) Baehni var. glomerata, Pouteria glomerata

glomerata (Miq.) Pierre, Pouteria glomerata glomerata (Miquel) Radlk., Pouteria
glomerata glomerata (Radlk.) Pierre, Pouteria glomerata glomerata Miq., Pouteria
glomerata glomerata Pierre, Pouteria glomerata glomerata Radlk., Pouteria glomerata
var. glomerata Huber, Pouteria glomerata var. glomerata Huber
Voucher: Gentry & Daly 18329 (MO!)
Pouteria glomerata var. glabrescens Huber

Pouteria glomerata var. glabrescens Huber = Pouteria glomerata (Miq.) Radlk. subsp.
glomerata
Pouteria gomphiifolia (Mart.) Radlk.
Pouteria gomphiifolia (Mart.) Radlk.
Synonyms: Pouteria gomphiifolia Mart. ex Miq.

Pouteria gracilis T.D. Penn.
Pouteria gracilis T.D. Penn.

Pouteria guianensis Aubl.
Pouteria guianensis Aubl.
Synonyms: Pouteria guianensis Standl. ex L.O. Williams

Pouteria hispida Eyma

Pouteria hispida Eyma

Voucher: Foster A-86 (MO!)
Pouteria insignis Baehni
Pouteria insignis Baehni = Pouteria lucuma (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze
Pouteria klugii Baehni
Pouteria klugii Baehni = Micropholis trunciflora Ducke
Pouteria krukovii (A.C. Sm.) Baehni
Pouteria krukovii (A.C. Sm.) Baehni
Synonyms: Pouteria krukovii A.C. Sm.

0-500 m.
Pouteria laevigata (Mart.) Radlk.
Pouteria laevigata (Mart.) Radlk.
Synonyms: Pouteria laevigata Bernardi, Pouteria laevigata Mart.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: riversides, seasonally inundated areas, terra
Pouteria leucophaea Baehni
Pouteria leucophaea Baehni = Pouteria caimito (Ruiz & Pav.) Radlk.
Pouteria longifolia (Mart. & Eichler) T.D. Penn.
Pouteria longifolia (Mart. & Eichler) T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Pouteria longifolia Mart. & Eichler

Voucher: Spruce 4234 (BM)
Pouteria loretensis Baehni
Pouteria loretensis Baehni = Pouteria cladantha Sandwith
Pouteria lucuma (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze
Pouteria lucuma (Ruiz & Pav.) Kuntze
Synonyms: Pouteria lucuma (Ruiz & Pav.) Aubrév., Pouteria lucuma Baehni,
Pouteria lucuma Kunth, Pouteria lucuma Mol., Pouteria lucuma Mol., Pouteria lucuma
Ruiz & Pav.
Ecology: Cultivated tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: forests. 0-3000 m.
Departments: Ancash, Apurímac, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lima, Loreto, San
Martín.
Pouteria lucumifolia (Reissik ex Maximowicz) T.D. Penn.
Pouteria lucumifolia (Reissik ex Maximowicz) T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Pouteria lucumifolia Reissik ex Maximowicz

Pouteria macrophylla (Lam.) Eyma
Pouteria macrophylla (Lam.) Eyma
Synonyms: Pouteria macrophylla (Engl.) Dubard, Pouteria macrophylla (Gaertn.f.)

Pierre, Pouteria macrophylla (Lam.) Aubrév., Pouteria macrophylla Engl.,
Pouteria macrophylla Gaertn. f., Pouteria macrophylla Krause, Pouteria macrophylla
Lam., Pouteria macrophylla Radlk.
Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian: disturbed areas, terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Foster et al. 7089 (K)
Pouteria madeirensis Baehni
Pouteria madeirensis Baehni = Micropholis madeirensis (Baehni) Aubrév.
Pouteria multiflora (A. DC.) Eyma
Pouteria multiflora (A. DC.) Eyma

Synonyms: Pouteria multiflora A. DC.
Pouteria nudipetala T.D. Penn.
Pouteria nudipetala T.D. Penn.

Voucher: Rimachi 3106 (F)
Pouteria oblanceolata Pires
Pouteria oblanceolata Pires

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: forests on white sand. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Gentry 63507A (MO!)
Pouteria opposita (Ducke) T.D. Penn.
Pouteria opposita (Ducke) T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Pouteria opposita Ducke

Pouteria peruviana Baehni

Pouteria peruviana Baehni = Micropholis macrophylla (Krause) T.D. Penn.
Pouteria peruviensis (Aubrév.) Bernardi
Pouteria peruviensis (Aubrév.) Bernardi
Synonyms: Pouteria peruviensis Aubrév.

Voucher: Wurdack 2363* (F)
Pouteria pisquiensis Baehni
Pouteria pisquiensis Baehni

Voucher: Tessmann 3103* (G)
Pouteria platyphylla (A.C. Sm.) Baehni
Pouteria platyphylla (A.C. Sm.) Baehni
Synonyms: Pouteria platyphylla A.C. Sm.

Voucher: Bernardi s.n. (K)
Pouteria plicata T.D. Penn.

Pouteria plicata T.D. Penn.

0-500 m.
Voucher: Gentry & Daly 18349 (AMAZ, MO!)
Pouteria polyneura Baehni
Pouteria polyneura Baehni = Micropholis venulosa (C. Martius & Eichler) Pierre
Pouteria porphyrocarpa Baehni
Pouteria porphyrocarpa Baehni = Micropholis porphytocarpa (Baehni) Monach.
Pouteria procera (Martius) T.D. Penn.
Pouteria procera (Martius) T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Pouteria procera (Pierre) Bernardi, Pouteria procera (Pierre) Dubard,

Pouteria procera Martius, Pouteria procera Pierre
Pouteria pubescens (Aubrév. & Pellegrin) T.D. Penn.
Pouteria pubescens (Aubrév. & Pellegrin) T.D. Penn.

Synonyms: Pouteria pubescens Aubrév. & Pellegrin
Voucher: Bernardi s.n. (K)
Pouteria putamen-ovi T.D. Penn.
Pouteria putamen-ovi T.D. Penn.

Voucher: Rimachi 4406* (K), Dodson & Torres 2979 (MO!)
Pouteria reticulata (Engl.) Eyma subsp.reticulata
Pouteria reticulata (Engl.) Eyma subsp. reticulata
Synonyms: Pouteria reticulata reticulata (A.C. Sm.) Aubrév., Pouteria

reticulata reticulata (A.C. Sm.) Baehni, Pouteria reticulata reticulata A.C. Sm.,
Pouteria reticulata reticulata Engl.
Departments: Huánuco, Loreto, Pasco, San Martín, Ucayali.
Pouteria rostrata (Huber) Baehni
Pouteria rostrata (Huber) Baehni
Synonyms: Pouteria rostrata Benoist, Pouteria rostrata Huber

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Pouteria saltuensis Baehni
Pouteria saltuensis Baehni = Micropholis cylindrocarpa (Poepp.) Pierre
Pouteria sanctae-rosae Baehni
Pouteria sanctae-rosae Baehni = Micropholis sanctae-rosae (Baehni) T.D. Penn.
Pouteria sclerocarpa (Pittier) Cronquist
Pouteria sclerocarpa (Pittier) Cronquist
Synonyms: Pouteria sclerocarpa Pittier

Pouteria sessilis T.D. Penn.
Pouteria sessilis T.D. Penn.

Voucher: Bernardi s.n.* (G)
Pouteria simulans Monach.

Pouteria simulans Monach.

Voucher: Rimachi 3052 (AMAZ, MO!)
Pouteria subrotata Cronquist
Pouteria subrotata Cronquist

1000 m.
Pouteria surumuensis Baehni
Pouteria surumuensis Baehni

Voucher: Ruiz 618 (MO!)
Pouteria tarapotensis (Engl. ex Pierre) Baehni
Pouteria tarapotensis (Engl. ex Pierre) Baehni
Synonyms: Pouteria tarapotensis (Engl. ex Pierre) Baill., Pouteria tarapotensis

Engl. ex Pierre
Ecology: Endemic tree. Amazonian: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme forests.
0-500 m.
Voucher: Spruce 4561* (BR), Killip & Smith 28228 (F)
$
Pouteria torta (Mart.) Radlk.
Pouteria torta (Mart.) Radlk.
Pouteria torta (Mart.) Radlk. subsp.torta
Pouteria torta (Mart.) Radlk. subsp. torta
Synonyms: Pouteria torta torta (Mart.) A. DC., Pouteria torta torta (Mart.) Pierre,
Pouteria torta torta Mart.
Voucher: Gentry & Young 31872A (MO!)
Pouteria torta subsp.glabra T.D. Penn.
Pouteria torta subsp. glabra T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Pouteria torta glabra Standl. ex R.E. Schult.

Ecology: Native tree. Amazonian, Andean I: seasonally inundated areas, terra firme
forests. 0-1000 m.
Pouteria torta subsp.tuberculata (Sleumer) T.D. Penn.
Pouteria torta subsp. tuberculata (Sleumer) T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Pouteria torta tuberculata Aubrév., Pouteria torta tuberculata

Sleumer
Voucher: Hartshorn 2406 (MO!)
$
Pouteria trilocularis Cronquist
Pouteria trilocularis Cronquist

Departments: Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.
Pouteria ulei (Krause) Baehni
Pouteria ulei (Krause) Baehni = Micropholis egensis (A. DC.) Pierre
Pouteria validinervis (Sleumer) Baehni
Pouteria validinervis (Sleumer) Baehni
Synonyms: Pouteria validinervis Sleumer

Note: Not known from Peru. Known only from the type collection from Ecuador.
Pennington et al. (1990) list this as an imperfectly known species.
Pouteria venulosa (C. Martius & Eichler) Baehni
Pouteria venulosa (C. Martius & Eichler) Baehni = Micropholis venulosa (C. Martius
& Eichler) Pierre
Pouteria vernicosa T.D. Penn.

Pouteria vernicosa T.D. Penn.

Voucher: Schunke 13 (MOL!)
Pouteria weddeliana Pierre
Pouteria weddeliana Pierre = Pouteria glomerata (Miq.) Radlk. subsp. glomerata
Pouteria wurdackii Aubrév.
Pouteria wurdackii Aubrév. = Pouteria torta subsp. tuberculata (Sleumer)

T.D. Penn.
Pouzolzia aspera (Wedd.) Weddell hom. illeg.
Pouzolzia aspera (Wedd.) Weddell hom. illeg. = Pouzolzia poeppigiana (Wedd.) Killip
Pouzolzia discolor Wedd.
Pouzolzia discolor Wedd. = Pouzolzia poeppigiana (Wedd.) Killip
Pouzolzia formicaria (Poepp. ex Wedd.) Wedd.

Pouzolzia formicaria (Poepp. ex Wedd.) Wedd.
Synonyms: Pouzolzia formicaria Poepp. ex Wedd.

Ecology: Native herb, liana, subshrub, shrub, tree, vine. Amazonian: disturbed
areas, forests, riversides, seasonally inundated areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2287* , Vásquez et al. 3670 (MO!)
Pouzolzia longipes Killip
Pouzolzia longipes Killip
Synonyms: Pouzolzia longipes Wedd.

Pouzolzia obliqua (Wedd.) Wedd.
Pouzolzia obliqua (Wedd.) Wedd.
Synonyms: Pouzolzia obliqua Poepp. ex Wedd., Pouzolzia obliqua Wedd.

Reference: Flora Peru: 1235: 365; Burger, W., 1977: 273; Killip, E. P., 1960: 194.
Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 2032* (W photo F!)
Pouzolzia poeppigiana (Wedd.) Killip
Pouzolzia poeppigiana (Wedd.) Killip
Synonyms: Pouzolzia poeppigiana (Wedd.) Blume, Pouzolzia poeppigiana (Wedd.)

Weddell hom. illeg., Pouzolzia poeppigiana Poepp. ex Blume, Pouzolzia poeppigiana
Poepp. ex Wedd., Pouzolzia poeppigiana Wedd., Pouzolzia poeppigiana Wedd.,
Pouzolzia poeppigiana Wedd.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests, riversides.
500-2000 m.
Voucher: Poeppig 1284* , Mexia 8169 (MO!)
Departments: Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, San
Martín.
Pouzolzia procridioides var. hirsuta Wedd.
Pouzolzia procridioides var. hirsuta Wedd. = Pouzolzia longipes Killip
Pradosia argentea (Kunth) T.D. Penn.
Pradosia argentea (Kunth) T.D. Penn.
Synonyms: Pradosia argentea Kunth, Pradosia argentea Spreng.

Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-HB, photo MO!)
Pradosia atroviolacea Ducke
Pradosia atroviolacea Ducke

0-500 m.
Voucher: Rimachi 4336 (K)
Praealstonia arechea (L'Hér.) Miers
Praealstonia arechea (L'Hér.) Miers = Symplocos arechea L'Hér.

$
Praealstonia cernua (Humb. & Bonpl.) Miers
Praealstonia cernua (Humb. & Bonpl.) Miers = Symplocos cernua Humb. & Bonpl.
Praealstonia coriacea (A. DC.) Miers
Praealstonia coriacea (A. DC.) Miers = Symplocos coriacea A. DC.
Reference: FP 1338: 219; Ståhl, B., 1991: 15.
Praealstonia matthewsii (A. DC.) Miers
Praealstonia matthewsii (A. DC.) Miers = Symplocos arechea L'Hér.
Reference: FP 1338: 220; Ståhl, B., 1991: 7.
Praecereus jaenensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Buxb.
Praecereus jaenensis (Rauh & Backeb.) Buxb. = Monvillea jaenensis Rauh & Backeb.
Pratia atacamensis Philippi
Pratia atacamensis Philippi = Hypsela reniformis (Kunth) C. Presl
$
Pratia boliviensis A. DC.
Pratia boliviensis A. DC. = Lobelia nana Kunth
Pratia glandulifera Schlechtendal ex Weddell
Pratia glandulifera Schlechtendal ex Weddell = Lysipomia glandulifera

(Schlechtendal ex Weddell) Schltdl. ex E. Wimm.
Pratia longiflora Hook. f.
Pratia longiflora Hook. f. = Hypsela reniformis (Kunth) C. Presl
Pratia oligophylla Wedd.
Pratia oligophylla Wedd. = Hypsela reniformis (Kunth) C. Presl
Reference: FP 1381: 391; Jeppesen, S., 1981: 126; Wimmer, F. E., 1943: 120.
Pratia pencana Philippi
Pratia pencana Philippi = Hypsela reniformis (Kunth) C. Presl
Pratia repens Wedd.

Pratia repens Wedd. = Hypsela reniformis (Kunth) C. Presl
Pratia subsessilis Wedd.
Pratia subsessilis Wedd. = Hypsela reniformis (Kunth) C. Presl
Praxelis clematidea (Griseb.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Praxelis clematidea (Griseb.) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Praxelis clematidea Griseb.

Ecology: Native herb. Amazonian, Andean I: disturbed areas, shrublands. 0-1500 m.
Praxelis kleinioides (Kunth) Sch. Bip.
Praxelis kleinioides (Kunth) Sch. Bip.
Synonyms: Praxelis kleinioides Kunth

Note: Cited from Peru by King & Robinson (1987: 382) but no material seen at F or
US.
Praxelis pauciflora (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Praxelis pauciflora (Kunth) R.M. King & H. Rob.
Synonyms: Praxelis pauciflora Kunth

Departments: Cuzco.
Prescottia barbifrons Kraenzl.
Prescottia barbifrons Kraenzl. = Pterichis galeata Lindl.
Prescottia colorans Lindl.
Prescottia colorans Lindl.

Prescottia longipetiolata Barb. Rodr.
Prescottia longipetiolata Barb. Rodr. = Prescottia stachyodes (Sw.) Lindl.
Prescottia oligantha (Sw.) Lindl.
Prescottia oligantha (Sw.) Lindl.
Synonyms: Prescottia oligantha Lindl., Prescottia oligantha Sw.

Ecology. 1000-3000 m.
Prescottia petiolaris Lindl.

Prescottia petiolaris Lindl.
Reference: Flora Peru: 1438: 104; Garay, L. A., 1978: 177; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.

Prescottia pteristyloides Kraenzl.
Prescottia pteristyloides Kraenzl. = Altensteinia marginata Rchb. f.
Reference: FP 1438: 98, 100; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Prescottia stachyodes (Sw.) Lindl.
Prescottia stachyodes (Sw.) Lindl.
Synonyms: Prescottia stachyodes Barb. Rodr., Prescottia stachyodes Sw.

Ecology. 0-1500 m.
Prescottia tenuis Lindl.
Prescottia tenuis Lindl. = Prescottia oligantha (Sw.) Lindl.
Reference: FP 1438: 105; 1510: 4; Garay, L. A., 1978: 175; Dodson, C. H., 1992: xx.
Prestoea acuminata (Willd.) H.E. Moore
Prestoea acuminata (Willd.) H.E. Moore

Synonyms: Prestoea acuminata (Burret) H.E. Moore, Prestoea acuminata Burret,
Prestoea acuminata Willd.
Prestoea ensiformis (Ruiz & Pav.) H.E. Moore
Prestoea ensiformis (Ruiz & Pav.) H.E. Moore
Synonyms: Prestoea ensiformis (Ruiz & Pav.) Mart., Prestoea ensiformis L.H. Bailey,
Prestoea ensiformis Ruiz & Pav.
Reference: Moore Jr., H. E., 1963: 286.
Voucher: Ruis & Pavón s.n.* , Schunke 9327 (F!)
Prestoea megalochlamys (Burret) H.E. Moore
Prestoea megalochlamys (Burret) H.E. Moore = Prestoea acuminata (Willd.) H.E. Moore
Reference: Moore Jr., H. E., 1963: 286.
Prestoea schultzeana (Burret) H.E. Moore
Prestoea schultzeana (Burret) H.E. Moore
Synonyms: Prestoea schultzeana Burret

Voucher: Gentry 29157 (BH)
Prestoea sejuncta L.H. Bailey
Prestoea sejuncta L.H. Bailey = Prestoea ensiformis (Ruiz & Pav.) H.E. Moore

$
Prestonia acutifolia (Benth. ex Muell. Arg.) Schum.
Prestonia acutifolia (Benth. ex Muell. Arg.) Schum.
Synonyms: Prestonia acutifolia Benth. ex Muell. Arg., Prestonia acutifolia Miers

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, riversides, seasonally
Prestonia cordifolia Woodson
Prestonia cordifolia Woodson

Voucher: Raimondi 8228* (B), Angulo 2138 (F!)
Prestonia evansii S. Moore
Prestonia evansii S. Moore = Prestonia trifida (Poepp.) Woodson ex Gleason & A.C.
Sm.
Prestonia glabrata Kunth
Prestonia glabrata Kunth = Prestonia mollis Kunth
$
Prestonia lacerata Woodson
Prestonia lacerata Woodson

Prestonia macroneura (Müll. Arg.) Woodson
Prestonia macroneura (Müll. Arg.) Woodson
Synonyms: Prestonia macroneura Müll. Arg.

Voucher: Wallnöfer 11-41188 (Z)
Prestonia mollis Kunth
Prestonia mollis Kunth
Synonyms: Prestonia mollis A. DC., Prestonia mollis Kunth, Prestonia mollis Markgr.
Ecology: Native liana, vine. Andean I-II, Coastal: disturbed areas, forests. 500-
2500 m.
Voucher: Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.* (P-H&B), Woytkowski 6766 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Lambayeque, Piura.
Prestonia peruviana Spreng.
Prestonia peruviana Spreng. = Mandevilla glandulosa (Ruiz & Pav.) Woodson
$
Prestonia phenax Woodson
Prestonia phenax Woodson

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: riversides, terra firme forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Tessmann 3046* (B), Huashikat 113 (MO!)
Prestonia plumierifolia Markgr.
Prestonia plumierifolia Markgr.

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Schunke 12402 (Z)
Prestonia riedelii (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Prestonia riedelii (Müll. Arg.) Markgr.
Synonyms: Prestonia riedelii Müll. Arg.

Prestonia robusta Rusby
Prestonia robusta Rusby

Voucher: Woytkowski 34418 (F)
$
Prestonia tomentosa R. Br.
Prestonia tomentosa R. Br.

m.
Prestonia trifida (Poepp.) Woodson ex Gleason & A.C. Sm.
Prestonia trifida (Poepp.) Woodson ex Gleason & A.C. Sm.
Synonyms: Prestonia trifida Poepp., Prestonia trifida S. Moore

Ecology: Native liana, vine. Amazonian, Andean I: forests, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-1000 m.
Prestonia vana Woodson
Prestonia vana Woodson

Ecology: Native vine. Amazonian: disturbed areas, forests, seasonally inundated
areas. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Klug 3066* (K!), Gentry et al. 19102 (MO!)
Prestonia weberbaueri Markgr.
Prestonia weberbaueri Markgr. = Prestonia mollis Kunth

$
Prevostea sericea (Kunth) Choisy
Prevostea sericea (Kunth) Choisy = Calycobolus sericeus (Kunth) House
Prieurella manaosense Aubrév.
Prieurella manaosense Aubrév. = Chrysophyllum manaosense (Aubrév.)

T.D. Penn.
Prieurella prieurii (A. DC.) Aubrév.
Prieurella prieurii (A. DC.) Aubrév. = Chrysophyllum prieurii A. DC.
Prieurella wurdackii Aubrév.
Prieurella wurdackii Aubrév. = Chrysophyllum amazonicum T.D. Penn.
Prionolepis silphioides Poepp.
Prionolepis silphioides Poepp. = Munnozia silphioides (Poepp.) H. Rob. & Brettell
$
Pristimera andina Miers
Pristimera andina Miers
Synonyms: Pristimera andina (Miers) J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Pearce s.n.* (K), Foster 7087 (F!)
Pristimera nervosa (Miers) A.C. Sm.
Pristimera nervosa (Miers) A.C. Sm.
Synonyms: Pristimera nervosa (Miers) J.F. Macbr., Pristimera nervosa Loes.,

Pristimera nervosa Miers
Reference: Flora Peru: 689: 218; Dodson, C.H. & Robyns, A., 1965: 95; Roosmalen, M.
G. M. van, 1985: 80.
Voucher: Spruce 4486* (NY), Barbour 5745 (MO!)
Departments: Cuzco, Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín.
Pristimera tenuiflora (C. Martius ex Peyritsch) A.C. Sm.
Pristimera tenuiflora (C. Martius ex Peyritsch) A.C. Sm.
Synonyms: Pristimera tenuiflora C. Martius ex Peyritsch

Pritzelia deflexa A. DC.
Pritzelia deflexa A. DC. = Begonia glabra var. glabra
Reference: Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E. Karegeannes, 1986:

172, 269.
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Pritzelia glabra A. DC.
Pritzelia glabra A. DC. = Begonia glabra var. glabra

172, 270.
Pritzelia glauca Klotzsch
Pritzelia glauca Klotzsch = Begonia glauca (Klotzsch) Ruiz & Pav. ex A. DC.
Reference: FP 747: 191; Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen, J. Golding & C. E.

Karegeannes, 1986: 172, 270.
Pritzelia lucida A. DC.
Pritzelia lucida A. DC. = Begonia glabra var. glabra

172, 270.
Pritzelia montana A. DC.
Pritzelia montana A. DC. = Begonia glabra var. glabra

172, 270.
Priva cuneato-ovata (Cavanilles) Rusby
Priva cuneato-ovata (Cavanilles) Rusby = Pitraea cuneato-ovata (Cavanilles) Caro

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Priva laevis Jussieu
Priva laevis Jussieu = Pitraea cuneato-ovata (Cavanilles) Caro
Priva lappulacea (L.) Pers.
Priva lappulacea (L.) Pers.
Synonyms: Priva lappulacea L., Priva lappulacea Moldenke

Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Cuzco, Huánuco, Junín, Lima,
Loreto, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Tumbes.
Priva lappulacea fo. albiflora Moldenke
Priva lappulacea fo. albiflora Moldenke = Priva lappulacea (L.) Pers.
Priva peruviana Moldenke
Priva peruviana Moldenke

Ecology: Endemic herb. Amazonian: forests, riversides. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Mathews 3158* (K), Raimondi 396 (MO!)
Departments: Amazonas, Cajamarca, Madre de Dios.
Proboscidea altheaefolia (Benth.) Decne.

Proboscidea altheaefolia (Benth.) Decne.
Synonyms: Proboscidea altheaefolia Benth., Proboscidea altheaefolia Eselt.

Ecology. 0-1000 m.
Proboscidea peruviana Eselt.
Proboscidea peruviana Eselt. = Proboscidea altheaefolia (Benth.) Decne.
Prockia completa Hooker
Prockia completa Hooker = Prockia crucis Browne ex L.
Prockia crucis Browne ex L.
Prockia crucis Browne ex L.
Synonyms: Prockia crucis Hooker, Prockia crucis Ruiz & Pav.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Amazonian, Andean I-II: disturbed areas, forests,
Madre de Dios, San Martín, Tumbes.
Prockia pentamera A.H. Gentry

Prockia pentamera A.H. Gentry

Ecology: Native tree. Coastal: forests. 500-1000 m.
Voucher: Plowman 5443* (GH photo MO!, USM), Gentry & Díaz 58245 (MO!)
Proclesia alata (Dunal) Klotzsch
Proclesia alata (Dunal) Klotzsch = Thibaudia caulialata Ruiz & Pav.
Proclesia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Klotzsch
Proclesia bracteata (Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Klotzsch = Cavendishia bracteata

(Ruiz & Pav. ex J. St.-Hil.) Hoerold
Procris longifolia Pavon ex Weddell pro syn.
Procris longifolia Pavon ex Weddell pro syn. = Boehmeria pavonii Wedd.
Procris longifolia Poepp. ex Wedd.
Procris longifolia Poepp. ex Wedd. = Phenax angustifolius (Kunth) Wedd.
Procris rugosa Poir.

Procris rugosa Poir. = Phenax rugosus (Poir.) Wedd.
Reference: FP 1235: 358; Burger, W., 1977: 244.
Promenaea graminea (Lindl.) Lindl.
Promenaea graminea (Lindl.) Lindl. = Koellensteinia graminea (Lindl.) Rchb. f.
Prosanerpis trichocalyx Blake
Prosanerpis trichocalyx Blake = Clidemia epiphytica var. trichocalyx (Blake)

Wurdack
Prosopis affinis Sprengel
Prosopis affinis Sprengel
Reference: Burkart, A., 1976: 488; Ferreyra, R., 1987: 22.

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Coastal: rocky slopes, shrublands. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Ferreyra et al. 18966 (USM)
Departments: Ica, Piura, Tumbes.
Prosopis alba Griseb.
Prosopis alba Griseb.
Prosopis alba Griseb. var.alba

Prosopis alba Griseb. var. alba

Ecology: Native tree. Andean II: rocky slopes. 1500-2000 m.
Voucher: Gallardo s.n. (USM!)
Prosopis alba var.panta Griseb.
Prosopis alba var. panta Griseb.
Synonyms: Prosopis alba panta (Griseb.) Hieron.

Ecology: Native tree. Andean I: rocky slopes. 1000-1500 m.
Voucher: Tovar 4835 (SI)
Prosopis chilensis (Molina) Stuntz
Prosopis chilensis (Molina) Stuntz
Prosopis chilensis (Molina) Stuntz var.chilensis
Prosopis chilensis (Molina) Stuntz var. chilensis
Synonyms: Prosopis chilensis chilensis Molina

Reference: Flora Peru: 21: 109; Carrillo, F. E., 1974: 53; Burkart, A., 1976: 495.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I-II, Coastal: rocky slopes, semi-deciduous
forests. 0-3000 m.
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco, Lima, Piura.
Prosopis horrida Kunth
Prosopis horrida Kunth = Prosopis juliflora var. horrida (Kunth) Burkart

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Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.
Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.
Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. var.juliflora
Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. var. juliflora
Synonyms: Prosopis juliflora juliflora (Sw.) Raf., Prosopis juliflora juliflora Sw.
Ecology: Native tree. Coastal: desert, semi-deciduous forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Infantes Vera 2110 (SI)
Prosopis juliflora var.horrida (Kunth) Burkart
Prosopis juliflora var. horrida (Kunth) Burkart
Synonyms: Prosopis juliflora horrida Kunth

Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Coastal: disturbed areas, rocky slopes, semi-deciduous
forests. 0-1000 m.
Voucher: Hutchison 1501 (NY, USM)
Prosopis laevigata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) M. Johnston
Prosopis laevigata (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) M. Johnston
Prosopis laevigata var.andicola Burkart

Prosopis laevigata var. andicola Burkart

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: disturbed areas, rocky slopes. 1500-2500 m.
Voucher: Vargas 709* (SI)
Departments: Arequipa, Cuzco.
Prosopis limensis Benth.
Prosopis limensis Benth. = Prosopis pallida (Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow)

Kunth
Reference: FP 21: 110; Burkart, A., 1976: 486.
Prosopis pallida (Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow) Kunth
Prosopis pallida (Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow) Kunth
Synonyms: Prosopis pallida (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Poir., Prosopis pallida
Benth., Prosopis pallida Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Ecology: Native shrub, tree. Andean I, Coastal: desert, rocky slopes, semi-
deciduous forests. 0-1500 m.
Departments: Amazonas, Ancash, Apurímac, Arequipa, Cajamarca, Huancavelica,
Ica, Lambayeque, Lima, La Libertad, Piura, Tacna, Tumbes.
Prosopis panta (Griseb.) Hieron.
Prosopis panta (Griseb.) Hieron. = Prosopis alba var. panta Griseb.
Prosopis reptans Benth.
Prosopis reptans Benth.

$
Prosopis reptans Benth. var.reptans
Prosopis reptans Benth. var. reptans
Synonyms: Prosopis reptans reptans (Benth.) A. Gray

Ecology: Native shrub. Andean II: desert, rocky slopes. 2000-2500 m.
Prosopis strombulifera (Lam.) Benth.
Prosopis strombulifera (Lam.) Benth.
Prosopis strombulifera (Lam.) Benth. var.strombulifera
Prosopis strombulifera (Lam.) Benth. var. strombulifera
Synonyms: Prosopis strombulifera strombulifera (Lam.) A. Gray, Prosopis

strombulifera strombulifera (Lam.) Willd., Prosopis strombulifera strombulifera
Lam.
Note: Not known from Peru. Although listed for Peru by Burkart (1976) based on
Vargas [Rev. Fac. Ci. Univ. N. S. Antonio Abad, Cuzco 2: 3-6. 1968 -- not seen],
"but the illustration given (fig. 1) and the specimens collected agree better with
P. reptans."
Protium altsonii Sandwith
Protium altsonii Sandwith

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Voucher: Pipoly et al. 14569 (MO!)
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Protium apiculatum Swart
Protium apiculatum Swart
Reference: Flora Peru: 659: 705; Daly, D. C., 1987: 178.

Protium aracouchini (Aubl.) Marchand
Protium aracouchini (Aubl.) Marchand
Synonyms: Protium aracouchini Aubl.

Protium asperum Standl.
Protium asperum Standl. = Trattinnickia aspera (Standl.) Swart
Reference: Swart, J. J., 1942: 426.
Protium carnosum A.C. Sm.
Protium carnosum A.C. Sm.
Protium crassipetalum Cuatrec.
Protium crassipetalum Cuatrec.

Protium decandrum (Aubl.) Marchand
Protium decandrum (Aubl.) Marchand
Synonyms: Protium decandrum Aubl., Protium decandrum J.F. Macbr.

Reference: Daly, D. C., 1987: 292; Daly, pers. comm..
Note: Daly, pers. comm.
Protium divaricatum Engl.
Protium divaricatum Engl.
Protium divaricatum subsp.divaricatum
Protium divaricatum subsp. divaricatum

Protium divaricatum subsp.krukoffii (Swart) Daly
Protium divaricatum subsp. krukoffii (Swart) Daly
Synonyms: Protium divaricatum var. krukoffii Swart

Protium divaricatum var. krukoffii Swart
Protium divaricatum var. krukoffii Swart = Protium divaricatum subsp. krukoffii

(Swart) Daly
Protium ferrugineum (Engl.) Engl.
Protium ferrugineum (Engl.) Engl.
Synonyms: Protium ferrugineum Engl.
Protium fimbriatum Swart
Protium fimbriatum Swart
Protium glabrescens Swart
Protium glabrescens Swart

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Note: The specimen cited in the Flora of Peru, Klug 5468, is actually from Brazil.
Departments: Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, Ucayali.
Protium glaucum J.F. Macbr.

Protium glaucum J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Protium grandifolium Engl.
Protium grandifolium Engl.
Synonyms: Protium grandifolium J.F. Macbr.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Protium klugii J.F. Macbr.
Protium klugii J.F. Macbr.
Synonyms: Protium klugii (J. F. Macbride) J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Klug 806* (F), Rimachi 3215 (MO!)
Protium krukoffii Swart
Protium krukoffii Swart

Ecology. 0-500 m.
$
Protium laxiflorum Engl.
Protium laxiflorum Engl.
Protium llewelynii J.F. Macbr.
Protium llewelynii J.F. Macbr. = Protium grandifolium Engl.
Reference: FP 659: 707; Daly, D. C., 1987: 287.
Protium martianum Engl.
Protium martianum Engl. = Protium trifoliolatum Engl.
Reference: FP 659: 711; Daly, D. C., 1987: 372.
Protium medianum J.F. Macbr.
Protium medianum J.F. Macbr. = Protium decandrum (Aubl.) Marchand
Reference: FP 659: 707; Daly, pers. comm..
Protium neglectum Swart
Protium neglectum Swart = Protium tenuifolium (Engl.) Engl.
Reference: FP 659: 708; Daly, pers. comm..
Protium neglectum var. robustum Swart
Protium neglectum var. robustum Swart = Protium robustum (Swart) Porter

Protium nitidifolium (Cuatrecasas) Daly
Protium nitidifolium (Cuatrecasas) Daly
Synonyms: Protium nitidifolium Cuatrec.

Ecology. 0-500 m.
Protium opacum Swart
Protium opacum Swart
Protium opacum Swart subsp.opacum
Protium opacum Swart subsp. opacum

Protium pallidum Cuatrec.
Protium pallidum Cuatrec.

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Protium paniculatum Engler ex C. Martius
Protium paniculatum Engler ex C. Martius
Protium paniculatum var.paniculatum
Protium paniculatum var. paniculatum
Synonyms: Protium paniculatum var. paniculatum Swart

Protium paniculatum var. pentamerum Swart
Protium paniculatum var. pentamerum Swart = Protium paniculatum var. paniculatum
Protium peruvianum Swart
Protium peruvianum Swart
Synonyms: Protium peruvianum Engl.

Voucher: Spruce 4473* (BR)
Protium polybotryum (Turcz.) Engl.
Protium polybotryum (Turcz.) Engl.

$
Protium polybotryum subsp.blackii (Swart) Daly
Protium polybotryum subsp. blackii (Swart) Daly
Synonyms: Protium polybotryum var. blackii Swart

Reference: Daly, D. C., 1987: 198; Daly, D. C., 1992: 299.
Protium polybotryum var. blackii Swart
Protium polybotryum var. blackii Swart = Protium polybotryum subsp. blackii (Swart)
Daly
Reference: Daly, D. C., 1987: 198; Daly, D. C., 1992: 299.
Protium puncticulatum J.F. Macbr.
Protium puncticulatum J.F. Macbr.

Voucher: Williams 4861* (F), Barbour 5694 (MO!)
Protium robustum (Swart) Porter
Protium robustum (Swart) Porter
Synonyms: Protium robustum Swart

Departments: Amazonas, San Martín, Ucayali.
$
Protium spruceanum (Bentham) Engl.
Protium spruceanum (Bentham) Engl.
Synonyms: Protium spruceanum Benth.

Protium subserratum (Engl.) Engl.
Protium subserratum (Engl.) Engl.
Synonyms: Protium subserratum Engl.

Protium tenuifolium (Engl.) Engl.
Protium tenuifolium (Engl.) Engl.
Synonyms: Protium tenuifolium Engl., Protium tenuifolium Swart

Reference: Flora Peru: 659: 710; Daly, D. C., 1987: 209; Daly, pers. comm..
Note: Daly, pers. comm.

LUPINUS

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LUPINUS

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Lupinus semiprostratus C.P. Sm.

Lupinus semiprostratus C.P. Sm.

Lupinus semperflorens Hartw. ex Benth.

Lupinus semperflorens Hartw. ex Benth.

Lupinus semperflorens Hartw. ex Benth. var.semperflorens

Lupinus semperflorens Hartw. ex Benth. var. semperflorens

Reference: Smith, C. P., 1940: 158; Smith, C. P., 1953: 768.

Lupinus semperflorens var.peruensis C.P. Sm.

Lupinus semperflorens var. peruensis C.P. Sm.

Reference: Smith, C. P., 1953: 768.

Lupinus sericeolodix C.P. Sm.

Lupinus soukupianus C. P. Smith ex J. F. Macbr.

Lupinus soukupianus C. P. Smith ex J. F. Macbr.

Reference: Smith, C. P., 1948: 624.

Lupinus staffordiae C.P. Sm.

Lupinus staffordiae C.P. Sm.

Lupinus storkianus C.P. Sm.

Lupinus storkianus C.P. Sm.

Reference: Smith, C. P., 1948: 606.

Lupinus subacaulis Griseb.

Lupinus subacaulis Griseb.

Synonyms: Lupinus subacaulis C.P. Sm.

Lupinus subtomentosus C.P. Sm.

Lupinus subtomentosus C.P. Sm.

Reference: Smith, C. P., 1945: 542; Smith, C. P., 1948: 588.

Lupinus subumbellatus C.P. Sm.

Lupinus subumbellatus C.P. Sm. = Lupinus gilbertianus C.P. Sm.

Reference: FP 21: 481.

Lupinus sufferrugineus Rusby

Lupinus sufferrugineus Rusby

Lupinus surcoensis C.P. Sm.

Lupinus surcoensis C.P. Sm.

Reference: Smith, C. P., 1953: 766.

Lupinus syriggedes C.P. Sm.

Lupinus syriggedes C.P. Sm.

Lupinus tarapacensis C.P. Sm.

Lupinus tarapacensis C.P. Sm.

Lupinus tarmaensis C.P. Sm.

Reference: Smith, C. P., 1953: 767.

Lupinus tayacajensis C.P. Sm.

Lupinus tayacajensis C.P. Sm.

Reference: Smith, C. P., 1953: 762.

Lupinus tetracercophorus C.P. Sm.

Lupinus tetracercophorus C.P. Sm.

Reference: Smith, C. P., 1948: 611.

Lupinus tomentosus DC.

Lupinus tomentosus DC.

Lupinus toratensis C.P. Sm.

Lupinus toratensis C.P. Sm.

Lupinus ulbrichianus C.P. Sm.

Lupinus ulbrichianus C.P. Sm.

Lupinus urcoensis C.P. Sm.

Lupinus urcoensis C.P. Sm.

Reference: Smith, C. P., 1945: 543; Smith, C. P., 1948: 588.

Lupinus urubambensis C.P. Sm.

Lupinus urubambensis C.P. Sm.

Lupinus vargasianus C.P. Sm.

Lupinus vargasianus C.P. Sm.

Reference: Smith, C. P., 1945: 543.

Lupinus velillensis C.P. Sm.

Lupinus velillensis C.P. Sm.

Reference: Smith, C. P., 1948: 591.