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    net/publication/237115723

    First record of Monographella albescens on rice in Corrientes Province,


    Argentina

    Article  in  Australasian Plant Disease Notes · December 2007


    DOI: 10.1071/DN07008

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    CSIRO PUBLISHING
    www.publish.csiro.au/journals/apdn Australasian Plant Disease Notes, 2007, 2, 19–20

    First record of Monographella albescens on rice in Corrientes


    Province, Argentina

    S. A. GutiérrezA,D , E. M. ReisB and M. A. CarmonaC


    A
    Cátedra de Fitopatologı́a, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste,
    Sargento Cabral 2131 (3400), Corrientes, Argentina.
    B
    Fitopatologı́a, Facultade de Agronomia e Veterinaria, UPF, Cx. Postal 611, 99001-970, Passo Fundo, Brasil.
    C
    Fitopatologı́a, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Av. San Martı́n 4453 (1417),
    Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
    D
    Corresponding author. Email: suarroz@yahoo.com.ar

    Abstract. Monographella albescens (teleomorph) is recorded for the first time on leaves of rice in Corrientes Province,
    Argentina.

    Rice (Oryza sativa) is an important crop in Corrientes 12.5–20 × 3–3.7 µm (Fig. 3). The morphological features agree
    Province, Argentina. Leaf scald of rice is a disease of with those given by other authors (Ou et al.1978; Boratynski
    increasing importance in rice crops (Mazzanti de Castañón 1979; Parkinson et al. 1981).
    and Gutiérrez 2001). The disease is characterised by zonate
    lesions with alternating light tan to dark brown bands that
    dry out giving leaves and foliar sheaths a scalded appearance
    (Fig. 1). The disease is caused by the fungus Monographella
    albescens (Thüm.) V.O. Parkinson, Sivan. & C. Booth (synonym
    Metasphaeria albescens Thüm.) which is usually detected in
    infected tissue in its anamorphic stage, Microdochium oryzae
    (Hashioka and Yokogi) Samuels & I.C. Hallet (synonyms
    Gerlachia oryzae (Hashioka and Yokogi) W. Gams and
    Rhynchosporium oryzae Hashioka and Yokogi). In the two
    rice crops grown during 2004–06 in Corrientes Province,
    the sexual stage of the fungus, Monographella albescens,
    was detected.
    Leaves with leaf scald symptoms were colleted from
    rice field crops in the localities of Itá Ibaté, Mercedes,
    Santo Tomé and Virasoro (Corrientes Province, Argentina).
    The infected samples were from the rice varieties Taim,
    CT 6919, IRGA 417, Supremo 1 and Supremo 13. The
    specimens were incubated in a moist chamber and infected
    pieces of leaves were plated onto potato-glucose agar (PGA)
    and bean agar. Morphometric and cultural features of the
    causal agent were studied. The isolates were placed in the
    fungal collection of the Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Faculty
    of Agronomy, University of North East-Corrientes Province,
    Argentina.
    Perithecia of M. albescens were found in the green and
    senescent leaves of rice crops close to ripening. In the
    diseased tissues, the fungus develops light brown subepidermal
    perithecia, which become dark brown when mature (Fig. 2). The
    perithecia were globose, compressed, dark brown and measuring
    137.5–167.5 × 87.5–120 µm; asci were cylindrical, hyaline and
    tapered at both ends, with eight yellowish hyaline, slightly
    curved oblong ascospores with three to four septate, measuring Fig. 1. Symptoms of leaf scald.

    © Australasian Plant Pathology Society 2007 10.1071/DN07008 1833-928X/07/010019


    20 Australasian Plant Disease Notes S. A. Gutiérrez et al.

    Fig. 3. Asci and ascospores of Monographella albescens. Scale


    bar = 20 µm.
    Fig. 2. Perithecia of Monographella albescens on leaves of rice.
    the pathogen and to generate fungal variability. Is important to
    After 10 days on PGA, the fungus developed a whitish cotton- evaluate the potential role of seed borne Microdochium oryzae as
    like colony with creamy-like salmon-pink masses corresponding primary inoculum for field epidemics, and to evaluate fungicide
    to the conidial stage M. oryzae. The perithecia did not mature. seed treatments.
    Leaf scald disease of rice occurs worldwide; it has been
    reported in Africa, Asia and the USA. In Latin America it References
    can be found in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Brazil
    Boratynski TN (1979) La escaldadura de la hoja de arroz Rhynchosporium
    and Argentina (Boratynski 1979; Webster and Gunnell 1992; oryzae Hashioka e Ikegami, en Costa Rica. Agronomia Costarricense 3,
    Mazzanti de Castañón and Gutiérrez 2001). Rice seed is the 21–27.
    major source of inoculum (Webster and Gunnell 1992). In Costa Gutiérrez SA (2002) Micoflora asociada al manchado del grano de arroz, XI
    Rica, the teleomorph is also considered an important source Jornadas Fitosanitarias Argentinas, Rı́o Cuarto, Córdoba, 29.
    of inoculum as well as contaminated seeds and crop stubble Mazzanti de Castañón MA, Gutiérrez SA (2001) Enfermedades del cultivo
    (Boratynski 1979). del arroz en Argentina. Fitopatologia Brasileira 26, 471 [supplement].
    In Argentina, Microdochium oryzae is the most frequent stage Ou H, Nuque FL, Vergel de Dios TI (1978) Perfect stage of Rhynchosporium
    seen in field crops. The symptoms are often seen in leaves close to oryzae and the symptoms of leaf scald disease. Plant Disease Reporter
    the soil towards the end of the tillering stage. Symptoms continue 62, 524–528.
    Parkinson VO, Sivanesan A, Booth C (1981) The perfect state of the rice leaf
    to develop until the panicle emerges, which is when the fungus
    scald fungus and the taxonomy of both the perfect and imperfect states.
    infects the rice grain (Mazzanti de Castañón and Gutiérrez Transactions of the British Mycological Society 76, 59–69.
    2001; Gutiérrez 2002). The teleomorph is detected only in the Webster RK, Gunnell PS (1992) ‘Compendium of rice diseases.’ (The
    senescent leaves or the leaves that are still green in the ripening American Phytopathological Society: St. Paul, MN)
    stages of the crop. This is the first report of Monographella
    albescens in Argentina. The role that Monographella albescens
    plays in the epidemiology of rice scald in Argentina is not known.
    The sexual stage may provide another source of dissemination of Manuscript received 6 November 2006, accepted 19 January 2007

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