Quick filters:
Page 2 of 4
Ascus spores Stock Photos and Images
![. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. X 1200 .:r—^ '' X «(lO. X 600 MELANOTHECA GELATINOSA Nyl. a. Whole plant, h. Portion of thallus and peritheoia. c. Vertical section of thallus. A. Thallus in surface view. c. Vertical section of peritheoia. /". Ascus and paraphysis. g. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG21W2/a-monograph-of-lichens-found-in-britain-being-a-descriptive-catalogue-of-the-species-in-the-herbarium-of-the-british-museum-lichens-x-1200-r-x-lo-x-600-melanotheca-gelatinosa-nyl-a-whole-plant-h-portion-of-thallus-and-peritheoia-c-vertical-section-of-thallus-a-thallus-in-surface-view-c-vertical-section-of-peritheoia-quot-ascus-and-paraphysis-g-spores-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-these-illustrations-may-not-perfectly-resemble-the-original-PG21W2.jpg ". A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. X 1200 .:r—^ '' X «(lO. X 600 MELANOTHECA GELATINOSA Nyl. a. Whole plant, h. Portion of thallus and peritheoia. c. Vertical section of thallus. A. Thallus in surface view. c. Vertical section of peritheoia. /". Ascus and paraphysis. g. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original Stock Photo")
RMPG21W2–. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. X 1200 .:r—^ '' X «(lO. X 600 MELANOTHECA GELATINOSA Nyl. a. Whole plant, h. Portion of thallus and peritheoia. c. Vertical section of thallus. A. Thallus in surface view. c. Vertical section of peritheoia. /". Ascus and paraphysis. g. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original
RMMCK5FN–. Pig. 118. -Leaf of Erica carnea with apothecia of Hypoderma ericae on the lower surface. 1, An entire and a dehiscing ascus ; a two-ceUed asco- spore. (v. Tubeuf del.) Hypodermella. Similar to Hypoderma, except that the spores are pear-shaped and unicellular; they occur four in each ascus, and are shorter than it. Hypodermella sulcigena (Link)'^ has four long, club-shaped, unicellular spores. Eostrup regards it as parasitic on Pinus montana and P. syhcstris, its mycelium being found in living green needles, and causing their death. Hyp. laricis Tubeuf.- This is a new fungus of tlie larch- ne
RM2AG46HC–. The American journal of tropical medicine. Fig. 11. Morphology of Allescheria ix Culture a, Coremium; b, Conidia with conidiaspores; c, Exterior of perithecium;d, Section of a mature perithecium filled with spores; e, Section of an immatureperithecium, showing a few asci; f, A mature ascus with eight spores; g, Conidia-spores from a coremium; h, Germinating conidiaspores; i, Ascospores. MYCETOMA IN NORTH AMERICA 263 spaces are numerous small black bodies, about 0.25 mm. indiameter, in close contact with the substrate and in no case. Fig. 12. ^Iorphology of Allescheria ix Tissue Margin of a g
RMPG4GK8–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 153 B. polymorpha (Oed.) Wett.*-' *' is a common saprophyte on bark. It is said to sometimes become parasitic. Ascocarps black, stipitate; disk scarcely cupped, ranging up to 4 cm. in diameter although usually smaller. Caliciaceae (p. 134) Stroma more or less thalloid, with or without algal cells, often rudimentary and inconspicuous; ascoma more or less globoid, stipitate; the apex of the ascus dissolv- ing before the spores are matured, thus allowing the hyaline unripened spores to es- cape and
RMMCKCCG–. Fig. %z.—Dasyscypha calycina. i, larch branch diseased ; 2, fungus causing disease ; 3, ascus with spores and paraphyses. Figs. 2 and 3 mag. branches of the mountain pine {Finns pumilio, Haenke), and the balsam fir {Abies ba/samea, Miller) suffers from this disease in the United States. The fungus is a wound parasite, as first indicated by Hartig ; this statement I have corroborated by over a hundred experiments on trees of various ages, and situated in different parts of the country. Fresh ascospores, that germinated readily in water, were placed on the bark of young branches, also in crevi
RM2AFR7MG–. Quarterly journal of microscopical science. nted out in the text.7.—Spores of Mucorfusiger, Lk. x 220.8.—Fruit of Patellaria clavispora, B. and Br.; a—e, stylospores;yaud^, sporidia. x 325, except b, which is x 450.9.—Patellaria atrata, Fr.; a, ascus, with unripe sporidia; b, c, d, ripesporidia.10.—Stylospores of Patellaria atrata., Fr. 11, 12.—Vertical sections of pycnidia of Cenangiuni Cerosi. x highly.13.—Sporidia of Spharia Zobelii, Tul. 14.—Stylospores of Spharia Tiliaginea, Currey. x highly. ^ 15.—Fruit of >S^A«/7a ciliaris. Sow.; a, ascus, with sporidia; b, secondary iVuit.IT).—Sph
RMPG3W9F–. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. X80. X460 X 700 ARTHONIA ASTROIDEA Aoh. a. Plant on bark. b. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. c. Ascus and paraphysei /. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. British Museum (Natural History). Dept. of Bo
RMMCMPA0–. FiG. 14,—Typical forms of asci. i, ascus of Peziza cerea, containing eight spores, also two paraphyses ; 2, ascus of SphaerosomaLeveillei; 3, Gcog/ossniii. Feckianiini, the long needle-shaped spores are in a bundle, paraphyses curved at the tip ; 4, Kyparoblus sexdccemsporjis, sixteen spores in an ascus ; 5, Tuber excavatuni, ascus with one large spore ; 6, Zignoella corticola. All figs, highly mag. cium, is elongated or star-shaped, and instead of a minute mouth or pore, splits along its whole length to admit of the escape of the pores. In the Basidiomycetes the pores are not produced in as
RM2CDFCMM–. Introduction to the study of fungi, their organography, classification, and distribution for the use of collectors . e cells likecylinders, closely packed side by side,their apices terminating in the disc,and their bases being seated upon theinner surface of the excipulum (Fig. 70).In due time these cylindrical sacs, or asci,contain four or eight, or some multipleof that number, of smaller bodies, whichare the spores or sporidia—the repro-ductive corpuscles of the Fungus. Insome cases the apex of the ascus opens Fig. 69.—Cup of Peziza, with -^^ means of an operculum, or small section and asc
![. The natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution;. Botany. THALLOPHYTA,. 1 CordycepB Taylori, a pyrenomycetous Fiirgu which attacks caterpillars; the branched antler-like stroma has developed rfrom the sclerotlum, and its lower warted portion bears the perithecia. 2 Three perithecia; enlarged. 3 a perithecium in section. * Two asci containing filamentous spores. » Vertical section of a perithecium of Xylaria Hypoxylon. 6 Ascus of same. "^ Mycelium of Eurotium. bearing a conidial hypha (to riglit, above), a commencing fruit (to left), and a ripe ascus-fr Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG1RDM/the-natural-history-of-plants-their-forms-growth-reproduction-and-distribution-botany-thallophyta-1-cordycepb-taylori-a-pyrenomycetous-fiirgu-which-attacks-caterpillars-the-branched-antler-like-stroma-has-developed-rfrom-the-sclerotlum-and-its-lower-warted-portion-bears-the-perithecia-2-three-perithecia-enlarged-3-a-perithecium-in-section-two-asci-containing-filamentous-spores-vertical-section-of-a-perithecium-of-xylaria-hypoxylon-6-ascus-of-same-quot-mycelium-of-eurotium-bearing-a-conidial-hypha-to-riglit-above-a-commencing-fruit-to-left-and-a-ripe-ascus-fr-PG1RDM.jpg ". The natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution;. Botany. THALLOPHYTA,. 1 CordycepB Taylori, a pyrenomycetous Fiirgu which attacks caterpillars; the branched antler-like stroma has developed rfrom the sclerotlum, and its lower warted portion bears the perithecia. 2 Three perithecia; enlarged. 3 a perithecium in section. * Two asci containing filamentous spores. » Vertical section of a perithecium of Xylaria Hypoxylon. 6 Ascus of same. "^ Mycelium of Eurotium. bearing a conidial hypha (to riglit, above), a commencing fruit (to left), and a ripe ascus-fr Stock Photo")
RMPG1RDM–. The natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution;. Botany. THALLOPHYTA,. 1 CordycepB Taylori, a pyrenomycetous Fiirgu which attacks caterpillars; the branched antler-like stroma has developed rfrom the sclerotlum, and its lower warted portion bears the perithecia. 2 Three perithecia; enlarged. 3 a perithecium in section. * Two asci containing filamentous spores. » Vertical section of a perithecium of Xylaria Hypoxylon. 6 Ascus of same. "^ Mycelium of Eurotium. bearing a conidial hypha (to riglit, above), a commencing fruit (to left), and a ripe ascus-fr
RMMCKWXM–. Fig. 3. Endospores. Figs. 4, 5. Chlamydospores breaking up into individual spores. Fig. 6. Chlamydospores, unbroken. Fig. 7. Ascospores. Fig. 8. Ascus. spore case is formed on terminal branches. It has a somewhat swol- len base and a long tapering cell (Fig. 3). The endospores are form- ed in the apex of this terminal cell and are pushed out of the rup- tured end by the growth of the unfragmented protoplasm of the base. They are hyalin, thin-walled, oblong to linear 10-25ux4-5u. The second kind of spores formed are the chlamydospores (Figs. 4-6). These are thick-walled dark brown bodies, bor
RM2CDCE0T–. Fungous diseases of plants, with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . ^ and the adjacent twig.-^^ .^^ -« •• The perithecia are imbedded in the dense mycelium. Theyaverage about 80-100 ft in diameter and are beset with a fewlight brown, tortuous appendages. A single subglobcfe ascus ASCOMYCETES 223 contains relatively large spores. According to Salmon this speciesis indistinguishable from the Sphaerotheca found in Europe uponEuphorbia. The latter is, however, not very common in Europe.During the summer of 1906 a serious outbreak of gooseberrymildew was reported in Europe. T
RMPG3W84–. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. Plate 25. X (iOO c ENCEPHALOGBAPHA CEREBRINA Koerb. a Plant on rock. h. Portion of tliallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallui.. 'I- Vertical section of apothccium. r. Ascus and paraphysis. /. Spores. Ml. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. British Museum (Natural Hi
RMMCKCE7–. Fig. 71. — Lophodermium pinastri. i, fungus on pine leaves; 2, ascigerous form of fungus; 3, conidial form ; 4, ascus with spores; 5, a single spore. Figs. 2-5 mag. primary leaves showing brown blotches, while other portions become purple-red. Even at this early stage the character- istic mycelium may be found in the brown blotches. During the first year after infection a large number of minute black spots, representing a conidial form of the fungus, are pro- duced, the contents of which do not appear to be capable of germination. As a rule, the ascigerous form of the fungus does not appear
RM2CE00Y0–. Quarterly journal of microscopical science . ipe sporidia of Sphceria amblyospoixi, magnified 220 dia-meters.22, 23, and 24.—Spores of Steganosporium cellulosum at the commence-ment of germination. Attached to one of the germ-filaments isa globular vesicle, possibly adventitious. Magnified 220 dia-meters.25.—A sporidium of Steganosporium cellulosum after about three days germination. Magnified 220 diameters.26.—An ascus and sporidia of Splueria crypdosporii, magnified 220 dia-meters.27 and 28.—Stylospores or perhaps imperfect asci of the same Sphceria, magnified 220 diameters.29, 30, and 31.
RMPG3W4C–. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. X 600. X 600 DBRMATOCARPON LAGHNBUM A. L. Sm. a. Whole plant, h. Portion of thallus and perithecia, c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of perithecia. e. Ascus and paraphysis. /. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. British Museum (Natural History). Dept
RMMCKCDJ–. Fig. T^.âKhytisma accrinutn. 1, sycamoie leaf with blotches caused'by fungus ; 2, section through a blotch bearing conidia ; 3, ascus with spores, also two para- physes ; 4, an ascosporc. Figs. 2-4 mag. and indirectly. Several large patches are frequently present on a leaf, and as a rule, when the disease is present, nearly every leaf is attacked, hence a considerable area of leaf surface is prevented from doing its work. In addition diseased leaves fall early, and as the disease, unless checked, appears year after year, the tree bet'omes enfeebled owing to lack of food, and badly matured wo
RM2CE4PJM–. Pathogenic microörganisms; a practical manual for students, physicians, and health officers . ct that each varietyof microbe possible of cultivation may grow in distinctive ways uponso-called artificial culture media has been an immense aid in studying EXPLANATION OF PLATE I. Partly schematic. Rearranged and drawn by Williams from the indicated authors. Fig. 1.—^Aspergillus glaucus. Fruiting hyphse growing from mycelium: A, conidiophore;B, sterigma; C, conidia; D, beginning perithecium; E, conidiophore bearing spores;F, perithecium containing rudiments in section; G, ascus containing eight
RMPG3WC9–. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. Plate 13. XGOO BUELLIA MYRIOCABPA Mudd a. Plant on wood. h. Portion of thallus and apothooia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecium. e. Ascus and paraphysis /. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. British Museum (Natural History). Dept. of Bo
![. Fig. ]2i3.âLophodermium nervisequium on Silver Fir. Portion of a ripe apothe- cium. a a, Filamentous paraphyses ; rod-like cells (conidia?), k, ahjointed from the apex of the paraphyses; the asci contain eight spores about half as long as the ascus itself, four occupying the upper half, four the lower ; c, a rudimentary ascns ; some mature spores possess a gelatinous coat, others do not ; sfiores escape by an apical opening, e, or by rupture of the ascus./; two gei-minating spores are also shown, one with a gelatinous coat, the other without. (After R. Hartig.) time hanging on the twigs. The Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/MCK6PR/fig-2i3lophodermium-nervisequium-on-silver-fir-portion-of-a-ripe-apothe-cium-a-a-filamentous-paraphyses-rod-like-cells-conidia-k-ahjointed-from-the-apex-of-the-paraphyses-the-asci-contain-eight-spores-about-half-as-long-as-the-ascus-itself-four-occupying-the-upper-half-four-the-lower-c-a-rudimentary-ascns-some-mature-spores-possess-a-gelatinous-coat-others-do-not-sfiores-escape-by-an-apical-opening-e-or-by-rupture-of-the-ascus-two-gei-minating-spores-are-also-shown-one-with-a-gelatinous-coat-the-other-without-after-r-hartig-time-hanging-on-the-twigs-the-MCK6PR.jpg ". Fig. ]2i3.âLophodermium nervisequium on Silver Fir. Portion of a ripe apothe- cium. a a, Filamentous paraphyses ; rod-like cells (conidia?), k, ahjointed from the apex of the paraphyses; the asci contain eight spores about half as long as the ascus itself, four occupying the upper half, four the lower ; c, a rudimentary ascns ; some mature spores possess a gelatinous coat, others do not ; sfiores escape by an apical opening, e, or by rupture of the ascus./; two gei-minating spores are also shown, one with a gelatinous coat, the other without. (After R. Hartig.) time hanging on the twigs. The Stock Photo")
RMMCK6PR–. Fig. ]2i3.âLophodermium nervisequium on Silver Fir. Portion of a ripe apothe- cium. a a, Filamentous paraphyses ; rod-like cells (conidia?), k, ahjointed from the apex of the paraphyses; the asci contain eight spores about half as long as the ascus itself, four occupying the upper half, four the lower ; c, a rudimentary ascns ; some mature spores possess a gelatinous coat, others do not ; sfiores escape by an apical opening, e, or by rupture of the ascus./; two gei-minating spores are also shown, one with a gelatinous coat, the other without. (After R. Hartig.) time hanging on the twigs. The
RM2CDCDBD–. Fungous diseases of plants, with chapters on physiology, culture methods and technique . nd many periphy-ses. The mature asci are long-clavate. Eachascus contains eight filiform spores, averaging60-70/z in length, which issue from the tipof the ascus and readily germinate in water(Fig. 106, c). Control. Proper precautions in the selec-tion of the grain seed, together with thoroughpreparation of the land, obviate any danger inthe case of rye. When detected in the har-vested product, the sclerotia must be shakenout or the product discarded. When ergotappears in abundance on grasses in the pas-
RMPG21Y4–. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. Plate 51. ill! MIGROTHELIA MICULA Flot. a. Whole plant, b. Portion of thallus and peritheoia. c. Vertical section of thaUus. d. Vertical section of peritheoia. e. Ascus and paraphyses. /. .Spores. Sf^i^fMvb^Vx. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. British Museum (Natural History
RMMCX0FM–. Fig. 37.—Sphaerotheca mors-uvae. 1, showing mildew on leaf and fruit ; 2, winter stage on a shoot ; 3, perithecium or winter fruit; 4, ascus con- taining spores ; 5, a chain of conidia or summer fruit ; 6, conidia showing fibrosin bodies in their interior; 7, a branch that has been injured by aphides (green fly) at the tip. The recurved spines and brown colour are characteristic. Figs, i, 2, and 7, nat. size ; remainder highly mag. when an autumnal expansion of buds follows early pruning. As the season advances the white mildew, which at first resembles in general appearance the well-known h
RM2CP1HYK–. Transactions and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute . us ashy green, effuse, very thin, frequently scarcely any. Apotheciaappressed or peltate, white or pale fleshy-coloured or fleshy-yellow or fleshy-cinnabar, often undulate and irregular in outline, margin somewhat paler,evanescent, (diameter 0*1. ad 0-25 mm.). Spores 8 in each ascus, in one row,colourless, fusiform, 1-septate, 0-008 millim. long, 0-002 millim. thick.Paraphyses club-shaped, apex nearly as broad as ascus. On bark of shrubs and ferns, and on mosses. I have no doubt that this is the Biatora clnnaharina of Babington (Flo
RMPG4G9T–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 212 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE usually knot-like head; perithecia closely scattered, sunken in the stroma with only the ostiole protruding, flask-shaped, the walls scarcely distinguishable from the stroma; asci cylindric, il^2«* e. Fig. 152.—C. purpurea. D, Sphacelia stage; E, germinated sclerotia; G, sec- tion of stroma; H, section of a perithecium; J, ascus with spores. After Tulasne. 8-spored; spores hyaline, continuous. Some twelve or fifteen species are recorded all affecting the ovaries of the Gramineae. C. purpurea
![. Fio. 91.—Herpotrichia nif/ra. Ascus with germinating spores, (v. Tubeuf del.) I have frequently observed the fungus on Junijjerus com- munis, especially in Bavarian forest-land, and on Jiiniperus nana in the Alps. Professor Peter found it on the latter host in Sweden. The spherical dark-coloured perithecia are covered with prostrate hairs, and contain asci with eight four-celled spores. The spores germinate directly to hyphae. The mycelium closely ^ R. Hartig, "Herpotrichia nigra." A/le//. ForsL-u. Jafjd-Zeitung, 188S. V. Tubeuf, " Mittheilung lib. einige Feinde d. Waldes.&quo Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/MCK6T8/fio-91herpotrichia-nifra-ascus-with-germinating-spores-v-tubeuf-del-i-have-frequently-observed-the-fungus-on-junijjerus-com-munis-especially-in-bavarian-forest-land-and-on-jiiniperus-nana-in-the-alps-professor-peter-found-it-on-the-latter-host-in-sweden-the-spherical-dark-coloured-perithecia-are-covered-with-prostrate-hairs-and-contain-asci-with-eight-four-celled-spores-the-spores-germinate-directly-to-hyphae-the-mycelium-closely-r-hartig-quotherpotrichia-nigraquot-ale-forsl-u-jafjd-zeitung-188s-v-tubeuf-quot-mittheilung-lib-einige-feinde-d-waldesquo-MCK6T8.jpg ". Fio. 91.—Herpotrichia nif/ra. Ascus with germinating spores, (v. Tubeuf del.) I have frequently observed the fungus on Junijjerus com- munis, especially in Bavarian forest-land, and on Jiiniperus nana in the Alps. Professor Peter found it on the latter host in Sweden. The spherical dark-coloured perithecia are covered with prostrate hairs, and contain asci with eight four-celled spores. The spores germinate directly to hyphae. The mycelium closely ^ R. Hartig, "Herpotrichia nigra." A/le//. ForsL-u. Jafjd-Zeitung, 188S. V. Tubeuf, " Mittheilung lib. einige Feinde d. Waldes.&quo Stock Photo")
RMMCK6T8–. Fio. 91.—Herpotrichia nif/ra. Ascus with germinating spores, (v. Tubeuf del.) I have frequently observed the fungus on Junijjerus com- munis, especially in Bavarian forest-land, and on Jiiniperus nana in the Alps. Professor Peter found it on the latter host in Sweden. The spherical dark-coloured perithecia are covered with prostrate hairs, and contain asci with eight four-celled spores. The spores germinate directly to hyphae. The mycelium closely ^ R. Hartig, "Herpotrichia nigra." A/le//. ForsL-u. Jafjd-Zeitung, 188S. V. Tubeuf, " Mittheilung lib. einige Feinde d. Waldes.&quo
RMREFCD5–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. CHAPTER III.—SPORES OF FUNGI. 93 Section XXV. In most Lichen-fungi with open hymenia the mechanism for the ejection of the spores is similar to that which has now been described, though it differs from it in particular points which appear to me to require further investigation. The structure of the hymenia is essentially the same as in the Discomycetes; there is, according to Tulasne, the same turgescence of the mature ascus in both, and the same simultaneous ejection through
RMPG4BJD–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. Fig. 116.âH7/poderma strobicota on Pinus Strobus. Ascus containing eight ascospores â with gelatinous coats; paraphyses with clavate ends. (After v. Tubeuf.) Fig. 117.âHypoderma strobicoia. Isolated ascospores: with and without a gelatinous coat, and one- or two-celled. (After v. Tubeuf.) some species, but have a delicate stalk in others. The spores, eight in each ascus, are never long and thread-like, but always mu
RMMCTWBB–. FlC. 63. — I, Sphacrulina taxi, on yew lc;if, slightly mag. ; 2, section of pcrithecium. slightly mag. ; 3, ascus containing spores, highly mag. ; 4, free ascospores, highly mag. If the disease attacks a tree for two or three years in succession it is usually killed outright. Fortunately this is not a common disease, or at all events it is not very frequently recorded. I have seen it at work in Cornwall, and also in Yorkshire, where a number of fine yew-trees growing in a churchyard were being killed. Mr. F. Moore of Glasnevin informed me that he had noticed the disease in three counties in
RMRDCRW0–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. 244 DIVISION II.—COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGI. The small rod-like cells which sprout from the cells of the spores of Nectria inaurata and N. Lamyi * while still inside the ascus, filling it quite full and giving rise to strange misunderstandings, may also be mentioned in this place, though it is not very probable that they are of the same significance. The point of agreement between all these forms lies in their outward resemblance and in the absence of any certain
RMPG21RN–. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. X loo â ^-^'â -o^'^a^-^^' X (100. X 600 MYCOPORELLUM OBSCURUM A. L. Sm. (/. Whole plant, b. Portion of thallus and perithecia. c. Vertical section of thallu.^. d. Vertical section of perithecia. e. Ascus and paraphyse.s. /. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. British M
![. Fio. ll'i. — Hiti>'nlir,io. fti-olj'icoUi. ou Piitim Stiobu*. Ascus cuntaining eight ascospores with gelatinous coats ; paraphyses with clavate ends. (After v. Tubcuf.) Fig. 117.—//,w/.<.i,-i.i;,;,i„. isolated :i8i.'o8i>ores : with and without a gelatinous coat, and one- or two-celled. (After v. Tubelf.) some species, but have a delicate stalk in others. The spores, eight in each a.scus, are never long and tinead-like, but always much shorter than the asci, ami two-celled when inalure. The ]iara]ihvNes Iiuve button-shaped or hooked ends. Hypoderma strobicola - (iJostr.). Needle-bl Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/MCK5G0/fio-lli-hitigtnlirio-fti-oljicoui-ou-piitim-stiobu-ascus-cuntaining-eight-ascospores-with-gelatinous-coats-paraphyses-with-clavate-ends-after-v-tubcuf-fig-117wlti-iii-isolated-i8io8igtores-with-and-without-a-gelatinous-coat-and-one-or-two-celled-after-v-tubelf-some-species-but-have-a-delicate-stalk-in-others-the-spores-eight-in-each-ascus-are-never-long-and-tinead-like-but-always-much-shorter-than-the-asci-ami-two-celled-when-inalure-the-iara-ihvnes-iiuve-button-shaped-or-hooked-ends-hypoderma-strobicola-ijostr-needle-bl-MCK5G0.jpg ". Fio. ll'i. — Hiti>'nlir,io. fti-olj'icoUi. ou Piitim Stiobu*. Ascus cuntaining eight ascospores with gelatinous coats ; paraphyses with clavate ends. (After v. Tubcuf.) Fig. 117.—//,w/.<.i,-i.i;,;,i„. isolated :i8i.'o8i>ores : with and without a gelatinous coat, and one- or two-celled. (After v. Tubelf.) some species, but have a delicate stalk in others. The spores, eight in each a.scus, are never long and tinead-like, but always much shorter than the asci, ami two-celled when inalure. The ]iara]ihvNes Iiuve button-shaped or hooked ends. Hypoderma strobicola - (iJostr.). Needle-bl Stock Photo")
RMMCK5G0–. Fio. ll'i. — Hiti>'nlir,io. fti-olj'icoUi. ou Piitim Stiobu*. Ascus cuntaining eight ascospores with gelatinous coats ; paraphyses with clavate ends. (After v. Tubcuf.) Fig. 117.—//,w/.<.i,-i.i;,;,i„. isolated :i8i.'o8i>ores : with and without a gelatinous coat, and one- or two-celled. (After v. Tubelf.) some species, but have a delicate stalk in others. The spores, eight in each a.scus, are never long and tinead-like, but always much shorter than the asci, ami two-celled when inalure. The ]iara]ihvNes Iiuve button-shaped or hooked ends. Hypoderma strobicola - (iJostr.). Needle-bl
![. Practical botany. Botany. 228 PRACTICAL BOTANY are formed (Fig. 183). The wall of a spore-containing hypha is the sac or ascus, and the spores which are formed therein are the asoospores, or sac spores. These spores, when favorably placed, again produce the mycelium of the parasite. This repre- sents the chief method of spring and early summer infection of fruits with the brown rot. 221. Destructiveness of Sclerotinia. All kinds of stone fruits seem to be susceptible to attacks of this disease. It is said i: " It would appear that among peaches the sorts densely covered with hairs or do Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RE3B35/practical-botany-botany-228-practical-botany-are-formed-fig-183-the-wall-of-a-spore-containing-hypha-is-the-sac-or-ascus-and-the-spores-which-are-formed-therein-are-the-asoospores-or-sac-spores-these-spores-when-favorably-placed-again-produce-the-mycelium-of-the-parasite-this-repre-sents-the-chief-method-of-spring-and-early-summer-infection-of-fruits-with-the-brown-rot-221-destructiveness-of-sclerotinia-all-kinds-of-stone-fruits-seem-to-be-susceptible-to-attacks-of-this-disease-it-is-said-i-quot-it-would-appear-that-among-peaches-the-sorts-densely-covered-with-hairs-or-do-RE3B35.jpg ". Practical botany. Botany. 228 PRACTICAL BOTANY are formed (Fig. 183). The wall of a spore-containing hypha is the sac or ascus, and the spores which are formed therein are the asoospores, or sac spores. These spores, when favorably placed, again produce the mycelium of the parasite. This repre- sents the chief method of spring and early summer infection of fruits with the brown rot. 221. Destructiveness of Sclerotinia. All kinds of stone fruits seem to be susceptible to attacks of this disease. It is said i: " It would appear that among peaches the sorts densely covered with hairs or do Stock Photo")
RMRE3B35–. Practical botany. Botany. 228 PRACTICAL BOTANY are formed (Fig. 183). The wall of a spore-containing hypha is the sac or ascus, and the spores which are formed therein are the asoospores, or sac spores. These spores, when favorably placed, again produce the mycelium of the parasite. This repre- sents the chief method of spring and early summer infection of fruits with the brown rot. 221. Destructiveness of Sclerotinia. All kinds of stone fruits seem to be susceptible to attacks of this disease. It is said i: " It would appear that among peaches the sorts densely covered with hairs or do
RMPG3WF7–. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. X 500. X 500 ^^3 W^ X 1200 GYALECTA GUPULAEIS Schfer. a. Plant on rock. b. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apotheciuna. e. Ascus and paraphyses. /. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. British Museum (Natural Hist
RMMCK6A9–. Fig. i26.—Lophodermium nervisequium on Silver Fir. Portion of a ripe apothe- ciuin. a a, Filamentous paraphyses ; rod-like cells (conidia?), k, abjointed from the apex of the paraphyses ; the asci contain eight spores about half as long as the ascus itself, four occupying the upper half, four the lower ; c, a rudimentary ascus; some mature spores possess a gelatinous coat, others do not; spores escape by an apical opening, c, or by rupture of the ascus,/; two germinating spores are also shown, one with a gelatinous coat, the other without. (After R. Hartig.) time hanging on the twigs. The di
RMREFCFN–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. CHAPTER III.—SPORES OF FUNGI. 77 are the commencements of spores; they are formed simultaneously and soon become invested with firm membranes, and grow as they lie arranged in a longitudinal row inside the ascus to about double their original size. The protoplasm which surrounds them at first disappears rapidly in Peziza pitya as they increase in size, and like the protoplasm contained in the spores is always coloured yellow by iodine in this species. The protoplasm of the as
RMPG0PG3–. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. Plate 33. X 600 X 1500 X 60(J GLYPHIS LABYEINTHICA Ach, a. Plant on baik. b. Portion of thallus and apothecia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. e. Ascus with paraphysis. /. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. British Museum (Natural His
![. .,. ..M^i^'' Fig. 74.—1.^/"':'«« Injlata, nat.size;2, sections of fungus showing rhizoids. nat. size; 3, ascus containing eight spores, also three paraphyses. highly mag. : 4, two free spores showing the thickened ends, highly mag. 3-10 cm. across; asci cylindrical, spores fusiform, 32-36 X 9-10 i paraphyses numerous, tips brown. Professor Hartig has shown that this fungus is parasitic on the roots of young trees, more especially conifers, as Abies peciinata, Tsiiga mertcnsiana, Fseudofsuga doughisii, Picea sikkacnsis, Finns strobus, and Larix europaea. It also attacks the roots of Ca Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/MCKCDK/mi-fig-741quot-injlata-natsize2-sections-of-fungus-showing-rhizoids-nat-size-3-ascus-containing-eight-spores-also-three-paraphyses-highly-mag-4-two-free-spores-showing-the-thickened-ends-highly-mag-3-10-cm-across-asci-cylindrical-spores-fusiform-32-36-x-9-10-i-paraphyses-numerous-tips-brown-professor-hartig-has-shown-that-this-fungus-is-parasitic-on-the-roots-of-young-trees-more-especially-conifers-as-abies-peciinata-tsiiga-mertcnsiana-fseudofsuga-doughisii-picea-sikkacnsis-finns-strobus-and-larix-europaea-it-also-attacks-the-roots-of-ca-MCKCDK.jpg ". .,. ..M^i^'' Fig. 74.—1.^/"':'«« Injlata, nat.size;2, sections of fungus showing rhizoids. nat. size; 3, ascus containing eight spores, also three paraphyses. highly mag. : 4, two free spores showing the thickened ends, highly mag. 3-10 cm. across; asci cylindrical, spores fusiform, 32-36 X 9-10 i paraphyses numerous, tips brown. Professor Hartig has shown that this fungus is parasitic on the roots of young trees, more especially conifers, as Abies peciinata, Tsiiga mertcnsiana, Fseudofsuga doughisii, Picea sikkacnsis, Finns strobus, and Larix europaea. It also attacks the roots of Ca Stock Photo")
RMMCKCDK–. .,. ..M^i^'' Fig. 74.—1.^/"':'«« Injlata, nat.size;2, sections of fungus showing rhizoids. nat. size; 3, ascus containing eight spores, also three paraphyses. highly mag. : 4, two free spores showing the thickened ends, highly mag. 3-10 cm. across; asci cylindrical, spores fusiform, 32-36 X 9-10 i paraphyses numerous, tips brown. Professor Hartig has shown that this fungus is parasitic on the roots of young trees, more especially conifers, as Abies peciinata, Tsiiga mertcnsiana, Fseudofsuga doughisii, Picea sikkacnsis, Finns strobus, and Larix europaea. It also attacks the roots of Ca
RMRDD1PD–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. 96 DIVISION I.—GENERAL MORPHOLOGY. as it was described in Peziza Sclerotiorum, &c. (Fig. 43), which is extended by stretching into a thin membrane, it becomes a question whether the thickenings in the cases we are considering are not extended in the same way into thin membranes with the expansion of the ascus, and are to be considered therefore as reserve-pieces of membrane destined to be extended and to assist in the ejection of the spores, and comparable with th
RMPG2M4M–. Parasitic fungi of Illinois / by T.J. Burrill. Fungi. FiGTTKB 4. Erysiphe chicoracearum, DO. A ruptured perithecium with, thread-like appendages and protrud- ing asci, each containing two spores, — magnified 90 times. Pig. 4. ^. Fig. 5. Figure 5. Undnula am- lis, Peck: a, perithe- cium with the numerous appendages (6) coiled at the tip,— magnified 100 times; c, i one of the appendages (tip) further magnified; d,anas- cus with five spores,—magni- fied 200 times. The lower, pointed end of the ascus is attached to the bottom of the cavity of the perithecium.. Please note that these images are e
RMMCTNE0–. Fig. 49.—AV(//-;,; dl/is^inia. i, ;i hiMnch recently attacked, showing concentric cracking of the bark ; 2, an old wound showing a rugged callus round the wound ; 3, section through a stroma showing perithecia, a. on its surface ; 4, a peritheciuni; 5, section of same; 6, conidia; 7, a conidium germinating; 8, ascus containing spores, and accompanied by paraphyses. Figs, i and 2 reduced ; remainder highly mag. more prevalent, and perhaps it is not going too far to state that if we had no American blight or woolly aphis, we should have no epidemic of canker. The bark is first attacked and des
RMREFCDX–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. CHAPTER III.—SPORES OF FUNGI. 87 it is the apical and most extensible portion of the wall and chiefly the area forming the lid in that portion which is most distinctly coloured blue with iodine. In the Sordarieae also I frequently saw the ascus open by a comparatively tall lid. There is a third series of cases in which the spores are ejected through an apical perfectly circular hole which before ejection of the spores is a circumscribed thinner or less compact portion of the
RMPG455P–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. 132 MYCOLOGY Other without paraphyses, so that they form a velvety layer on the surface of the host plant. Eight ascospores are generally found, as in the genus Exoascus, but in Taphrina (Taphria) the number may be increased considerably by budding, so that the whole ascus will be. Fig. 42.—Exoascus and Taphrina. A—F, Exoascus pruni, A. Appearance on diseased twig; B, cross-section of diseased fruit; C. mycelium in tissues of host; D, young asci; E, mature ascus with spores; F, germinat
RMMCK5FM–. Fifi.ll9.âf////.o./. ,,ââ /'(/ s.'lriae.w. The apotbeeia form Vilack lines on the needles. Ascus containing four .sp-ires (enlarged). Single spore with a gelatinous covering (still further enlarged). (Cop. frOui Rostnip.) Flo. 120.âHypodti-iiidla laricii. Larch- needle with apothecia on the under side. A, Pamphyse, and an ascus containing four spores. B, Isolated (enlarged) asco- spoi-e in its gelatinous coat. (v. Tubeuf del.) (66yw X 16/ui with a gelatinous nunulirane. The paraphyses are simple hyaline filaments, shorter than tlu* a.^ei. Lophodermium. Tlie ol>long apothecia are enil)edde
RMRDD1RG–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. CHAPTER III.—SPORES OF FUNGI. 87 it is the apical and most extensible portion of the wall and chiefly the area forming the lid in that portion which is most distinctly coloured blue with iodine. In the Sordarieae also I frequently saw the ascus open by a comparatively tall lid. There is a third series of cases in which the spores are ejected through an apical perfectly circular hole which before ejection of the spores is a circumscribed thinner or less compact portion
RMPG3WCK–. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. 1 X 25 G>/: '0--. mAM '-3 ,i^' A!)::^ X ooo X coo BILIMBIA VIEIDESCENS A. L. Sm. 0. J^laiit on moss. b. Portion of thallus and aj)otheuia. c. Vortical section of ttiallus, cl. Vortical section of apotheciuni. c. Ascus and paiapliyscs. /. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original
RMMCKCD4–. 1^ ^t' 2> Fig. jb. — Tympanisconspcrsa. i, gi'oup of fungi on wood. 2, section of same; 3, ascus containing numerous spores; 4, spores ; 5, conidia. Figs. 2-5 mag. mixed with the ascophores, 0-5-1 It.. spermatia cylindrical, 2-5 x A variety called wr?//(Rehm.), having fewer ascophores, 4-10 in a cluster, occurs on bark of apple, hawthorn, mountain- ash, and other rosaceous plants. CRYPTOMYCES (Grev.) Ascophores immersed in a white stroma covered by the blackened epidermis which is firmly united to the black crust of the stroma, finally opening by long cracks ; asci cylindrical, 8-spored;
RMRM8RB9–. Annual report of the Agricultural Experiment Station. Cornell University. Agricultural Experiment Station; Agriculture -- New York (State). Fig. 8.—An ascus, with spores germinating within. Asci within the perithecium were now examined and the spores were found to be germinating, not only within the asci, but while the asci were in the perithecium, and the mycelial filaments thus produced were crowding out through the ostiolum, (Fig. 9.) The interesting discov- ery of the production of conidia directly from the ascosporic mycelium, im- mediately suggested the idea that the ascospore did not
RMPG3W88–. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. Plate 24. 1. X 10(1 o C^ ^o oop 17 'V V A. X 600 X 500 PTYCHOGBAPHA XYLOGBAPHOIDES Nyl. a. Plant on wood. b. Portion of thallus and apotheoia. c. Vertical section of thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. e. Ascus and paraphysis. /. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original w
![. Fio. 9l.—HotricMa Hi'j/rn. Ascus with germinating spores, (v. Tubeuf del.) I have fre(|uently observed the fungus on Junipcnis com- munis, especially in bavarian forest-land, and on Junipeni^ nana in the Alp.s. Trofessor I'etcr found it (ui tlie latter host in Sweden. The spherical dark-coloured perithecia arc cuvcred with prostrate hairs, and contain asci with eight I'oiu-eelhMl spores. The spores germinate directly to hyphae. The mycelium closely ' R. Hartig, '* Heri)otiichia nigra." Alli<i. Fur^l.u. ./(k/iIZ' ifuwi, ISSS. V. Tiiheuf, " Mittlieihiiig iib. t^iiiige I'ciiiili- A Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/MCK5J5/fio-9lhotricma-hijrn-ascus-with-germinating-spores-v-tubeuf-del-i-have-freuently-observed-the-fungus-on-junipcnis-com-munis-especially-in-bavarian-forest-land-and-on-junipeni-nana-in-the-alps-trofessor-ietcr-found-it-ui-tlie-latter-host-in-sweden-the-spherical-dark-coloured-perithecia-arc-cuvcred-with-prostrate-hairs-and-contain-asci-with-eight-ioiu-eelhml-spores-the-spores-germinate-directly-to-hyphae-the-mycelium-closely-r-hartig-heriotiichia-nigraquot-allilti-furlu-kiiz-ifuwi-isss-v-tiiheuf-quot-mittlieihiiig-iib-tiiiige-iciiiili-a-MCK5J5.jpg ". Fio. 9l.—HotricMa Hi'j/rn. Ascus with germinating spores, (v. Tubeuf del.) I have fre(|uently observed the fungus on Junipcnis com- munis, especially in bavarian forest-land, and on Junipeni^ nana in the Alp.s. Trofessor I'etcr found it (ui tlie latter host in Sweden. The spherical dark-coloured perithecia arc cuvcred with prostrate hairs, and contain asci with eight I'oiu-eelhMl spores. The spores germinate directly to hyphae. The mycelium closely ' R. Hartig, '* Heri)otiichia nigra." Alli<i. Fur^l.u. ./(k/iIZ' ifuwi, ISSS. V. Tiiheuf, " Mittlieihiiig iib. t^iiiige I'ciiiili- A Stock Photo")
RMMCK5J5–. Fio. 9l.—HotricMa Hi'j/rn. Ascus with germinating spores, (v. Tubeuf del.) I have fre(|uently observed the fungus on Junipcnis com- munis, especially in bavarian forest-land, and on Junipeni^ nana in the Alp.s. Trofessor I'etcr found it (ui tlie latter host in Sweden. The spherical dark-coloured perithecia arc cuvcred with prostrate hairs, and contain asci with eight I'oiu-eelhMl spores. The spores germinate directly to hyphae. The mycelium closely ' R. Hartig, '* Heri)otiichia nigra." Alli<i. Fur^l.u. ./(k/iIZ' ifuwi, ISSS. V. Tiiheuf, " Mittlieihiiig iib. t^iiiige I'ciiiili- A
RMRDX317–. Lichens. Lichens. i88 REPRODUCTION spore which gradually grew out into delicate hyphae. AH these spores contain fat globules and finely granular protoplasm with a very large number of minute nuclei; the presence of the latter has been demonstrated by Haberlandt^ and later by Zopf^ who reckoned about 200 to 300 in the spore of Mycoblastus sanguinarius. These nuclei had continued to multiply during the ripening of the spore while it was still contained in the ascus^. Owing to the presence of the large fat globules the plasma is confined to an external layer close to the spore wall; the nuclei
RMPG46CD–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 259 L. tazicola R. K. on Taxus canadensis; L. vagabunda Sacc. spots linden branches. Its conidial form is perhaps Phoma tilisB.^'' Ophiobolus Riess (p. 252) Perithecia scattered, subglobose, submembranous, covered or suberumpent, ostiole papillate or elongate; asci cylindric; spores fusiform, hyaline or yellowish.. Fig. 190. —Ophio- bolus. B, ascus; C, spore. After Lindau and Win- ter. Fig. 191.— Pleospora from passion-fruit. The spores are just beginning to ger- minate, the end cells start- ing
![. l-"i(j. .— Thielavia basicola. i, diseased pea root; 2, portion of first conidial stage {Miloiuia) ; 2 X , free conidia of same ; 3, second conidial stage {Torula); 3X, a conidium of same breaking u|) into cells ; 4, ;iscospores ; 5, perilhecium on winter fruit; 6, ascus containing' 8 spores, from winter fruit. Fig. I nat. size; remainder highly mag. fungus was a true parasite, and although capable of existing on manure and dead i)lants as a saprophyte, recent observa- tions and experiments have proved that under certain condi- tions, more especially on badly drained or water-logged s Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/MCW0HX/l-quotij-thielavia-basicola-i-diseased-pea-root-2-portion-of-first-conidial-stage-miloiuia-2-x-free-conidia-of-same-3-second-conidial-stage-torula-3x-a-conidium-of-same-breaking-u-into-cells-4-iscospores-5-perilhecium-on-winter-fruit-6-ascus-containing-8-spores-from-winter-fruit-fig-i-nat-size-remainder-highly-mag-fungus-was-a-true-parasite-and-although-capable-of-existing-on-manure-and-dead-ilants-as-a-saprophyte-recent-observa-tions-and-experiments-have-proved-that-under-certain-condi-tions-more-especially-on-badly-drained-or-water-logged-s-MCW0HX.jpg ". l-"i(j. .— Thielavia basicola. i, diseased pea root; 2, portion of first conidial stage {Miloiuia) ; 2 X , free conidia of same ; 3, second conidial stage {Torula); 3X, a conidium of same breaking u|) into cells ; 4, ;iscospores ; 5, perilhecium on winter fruit; 6, ascus containing' 8 spores, from winter fruit. Fig. I nat. size; remainder highly mag. fungus was a true parasite, and although capable of existing on manure and dead i)lants as a saprophyte, recent observa- tions and experiments have proved that under certain condi- tions, more especially on badly drained or water-logged s Stock Photo")
RMMCW0HX–. l-"i(j. .— Thielavia basicola. i, diseased pea root; 2, portion of first conidial stage {Miloiuia) ; 2 X , free conidia of same ; 3, second conidial stage {Torula); 3X, a conidium of same breaking u|) into cells ; 4, ;iscospores ; 5, perilhecium on winter fruit; 6, ascus containing' 8 spores, from winter fruit. Fig. I nat. size; remainder highly mag. fungus was a true parasite, and although capable of existing on manure and dead i)lants as a saprophyte, recent observa- tions and experiments have proved that under certain condi- tions, more especially on badly drained or water-logged s
![. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. 244 DIVISION II.—COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGI. ,oO°o0 The small rod-like cells which sprout from the cells of the spores of Nectria inaurata and N. Lamyi] while still inside the ascus, filling it quite full and giving rise to strange misunderstandings, may also be mentioned in this place, though it is not very probable that they arc of the same significance. The point of agreement between all these forms lies in their outward resemblance and in the absence of any certain kn Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/REE55H/comparative-morphology-and-biology-of-the-fungi-mycetozoa-and-bacteria-fungi-morphology-bacteria-morphology-244-division-iicourse-of-development-of-fungi-ooo0-the-small-rod-like-cells-which-sprout-from-the-cells-of-the-spores-of-nectria-inaurata-and-n-lamyi-while-still-inside-the-ascus-filling-it-quite-full-and-giving-rise-to-strange-misunderstandings-may-also-be-mentioned-in-this-place-though-it-is-not-very-probable-that-they-arc-of-the-same-significance-the-point-of-agreement-between-all-these-forms-lies-in-their-outward-resemblance-and-in-the-absence-of-any-certain-kn-REE55H.jpg ". Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. 244 DIVISION II.—COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGI. ,oO°o0 The small rod-like cells which sprout from the cells of the spores of Nectria inaurata and N. Lamyi] while still inside the ascus, filling it quite full and giving rise to strange misunderstandings, may also be mentioned in this place, though it is not very probable that they arc of the same significance. The point of agreement between all these forms lies in their outward resemblance and in the absence of any certain kn Stock Photo")
RMREE55H–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. 244 DIVISION II.—COURSE OF DEVELOPMENT OF FUNGI. ,oO°o0 The small rod-like cells which sprout from the cells of the spores of Nectria inaurata and N. Lamyi] while still inside the ascus, filling it quite full and giving rise to strange misunderstandings, may also be mentioned in this place, though it is not very probable that they arc of the same significance. The point of agreement between all these forms lies in their outward resemblance and in the absence of any certain kn
RMPG4GRW–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 128 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE .-â tents crowds toward the tips of these cells and a basal septum cuts off the ascus proper from the stalk cell, Fig. 88. The spores then form within the ascus. The ascospores may bud either before or after extrusion from the ascus, pro- ducing conidia, which may themselves bud indefinitely, producing secondary, tertiary, etc., crops. In this condition the conidia strongly resemble yeast cells. On the host plant ascospores germinate by germ tubes, which are ca- p a b 1 e of infecting prope
RMMCKCC1–. Fig. 84.âRocsleria hypogea. i, fungus on root of vine ; 2, ascus with spores. Highly mag. the pest. Diseased vines should be removed, and the soil treated with lime to check the spread of the fungus in the soil. Hartig, Diseases of Trees (Engl, ed.), p. 83 (1894). Jolicoeur, Rap. sur le Malad. de la Vigne, connue dans la Marne sous le nom de 'â Morille'; Chalons-sur-Marne (1881). Prillieux, Malad. des Plantes Agric, 2, p. 466 (1897). Viala, Malad. de la Vigne, p. 211. UREDINACEAE The uredines or rusts are undoubtedly the most pro- nounced fungal parasites known. There is no single instance r
RMRDD1TK–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. CHAPTER III.—SPORES OF FUNGI. 77 are the commencements of spores; they are formed simultaneously and soon become invested with firm membranes, and grow as they lie arranged in a longitudinal row inside the ascus to about double their original size. The protoplasm which surrounds them at first disappears rapidly in Peziza pitya as they increase in size, and like the protoplasm contained in the spores is always coloured yellow by iodine in this species. The protoplasm o
RMPG14T8–. Chestnut blight. Chestnut blight; Chestnut. PLATE XXVIII.. a, d, g. E. radicalis. b, e, h, j. E. gyrosa. c, f, i, k. E. gyrosa var. parasitica, p. 367. a-c. ascospores ; d-f. spores in ascus ; g-i. conidial spores ; j-k. isolated perithecia, k. showing mycelium from germinating ascospores witliin. SPORE STAGES OF THREE AMERICAN ENDOTHIAS.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.. 1906-1960
RMRH83K5–. Botany; principles and problems. Botany. THE TIIALLOPIIYTA 293 of a much-branched mycelium extending throughout the sub- stratum, and a definite fruiting body which is developed at the surface. Each group displays a rather specialized method of spore formation. The Ascomycetes are distinguished by their production of spore sacs or asci (singular, ascus) in each of which are borne eight spores, the ascospores (Fig. 168). A group of asci are. Fig. 168.—Spore production in an ascomycete. Portion of the hymenium, or fruiting surface, of Peziza, showing the asci, each with eight ascospores. Among
RMPG44D4–. The fungal diseases of the common larch . Larches. THE LARCH CANKER 43 spores from the ascus of this species is between 10 and 15 mm. In a damp chamber such as that described, the spore-ejection may take place very rapidly, and from two small apothecia, measuring 1-25 mm. and 1-5 mm. respec- tively in diameter, 104 spores were found to have been ejected in 2 minutes. In a dry atmosphere the asci cease to shed their spores, a fact which is no doubt correlated with the closing of the apothecia in dry weather. The spores maj' germinate in either of the two following ways : (i) The spores first
RMREYTAW–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. 104 DIVISION I.âGENERAL MORPHOLOGY. mentioned also the envelope-cells on the spore-clusters of Urocystis, which will be described in Chapter V, but not the germ-tubes which appear inside the ascus in Sphaeria praecox, and which were described by Tulasne ^ as filiform appendages. We have already spoken, in concurrence with Zopf's views, of the physiological import of the gelatinous appendages as organs which may serve to attach the asco- spores to one another and to th
RMPG3H43–. British fungus-flora. A classified text-book of mycology. Fungi. ASCOBOLUS. 167 have observed, do not project beyond the surface of the disc at maturity; the large-celled parenchymatous excipulum also agrees with Ascoholus. In the early stage, while the spores. Ascdbolus harbatus, Mass. & Crossl. Fig. 1, group of fungi, nat. size; —Figs. 2, 3, entire fungus and section; x 75;—Fig. 4, cells of ex- cipulum ;—Fig. 5, ascus with spores and paraphyses;—Fig. 6, spores in various stages of development;—Fig. 7, marginal hairs;—Figs. 4-7 X 500. are yet hyaline, the fungus would pass for a species
RMREF6CF–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. POLYPORALES 433 If Juel's interpretation is correct, Tulasnella with its sessile basidio- spores germinating in situ is unique in the Basidiomycetes, and does not seem closely related to any other group. If the basidium is con- ceived as developing from an ascus by gradual exogenous spore production, perhaps Tulasnella represents a transitional stage where the spore mass, without secreting a wall about itself, is pushing out of the gonotocont without having reached the stage of a separate entity before it germinates. The very primitive (or reduced) str
![. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. a v^" Fig. 90.âHerpotrichia nigra, o, hyphae weav- ing a granular mycelium on the surface of the needle and forming tuber-like bodies over the stomata; rod-like haustoria are sunk into the outer walls of the epidermal cells. (After B. Hartig).. Fig. 91.âHerpotrichia nigra, Ascus with germinating spores, (v. Tubeuf del.) I have frequently observed the fungus on Jiinipenis com- munis, especially in Bavarian â f Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4BRF/diseases-of-plants-induced-by-cryptogamic-parasites-introduction-to-the-study-of-pathogenic-fungi-slime-fungi-bacteria-amp-algae-plant-diseases-parasitic-plants-fungi-a-vquot-fig-90herpotrichia-nigra-o-hyphae-weav-ing-a-granular-mycelium-on-the-surface-of-the-needle-and-forming-tuber-like-bodies-over-the-stomata-rod-like-haustoria-are-sunk-into-the-outer-walls-of-the-epidermal-cells-after-b-hartig-fig-91herpotrichia-nigra-ascus-with-germinating-spores-v-tubeuf-del-i-have-frequently-observed-the-fungus-on-jiinipenis-com-munis-especially-in-bavarian-f-PG4BRF.jpg ". Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. a v^" Fig. 90.âHerpotrichia nigra, o, hyphae weav- ing a granular mycelium on the surface of the needle and forming tuber-like bodies over the stomata; rod-like haustoria are sunk into the outer walls of the epidermal cells. (After B. Hartig).. Fig. 91.âHerpotrichia nigra, Ascus with germinating spores, (v. Tubeuf del.) I have frequently observed the fungus on Jiinipenis com- munis, especially in Bavarian â f Stock Photo")
RMPG4BRF–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. a v^" Fig. 90.âHerpotrichia nigra, o, hyphae weav- ing a granular mycelium on the surface of the needle and forming tuber-like bodies over the stomata; rod-like haustoria are sunk into the outer walls of the epidermal cells. (After B. Hartig).. Fig. 91.âHerpotrichia nigra, Ascus with germinating spores, (v. Tubeuf del.) I have frequently observed the fungus on Jiinipenis com- munis, especially in Bavarian â f
RMRE2JXY–. Introduction to botany. Botany. FUNGI AND FUNGOUS DISEASES OE PLANTS 243 structures of the plant (fig. 188). Most of the damage is done to the fruit before any of these cups appear; indeed, the fruit is worthless before the parasite has matured. Spores are dis- tributed from the cups and new infection of fruit occurs, and thus the destruction is continued. The spores are formed within the tissues of the cup in the enlarged ends of hyphte, and these enlarged spore-forming tips of the hyphse are the sacs from which the group name sac fungi is derived. The sac is called the ascus (sac), and the
RMPG4GWP–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Pig. 79.—Tip of ascus of Erysiphe showing delimitation of asco- Fig. 80.—Later stage than spore from asco- fig. 79, showing well de- plasm by astral fined spore-wall. After rays. After Harper. Harper. primary-ascus-nucleus. This by successive mitoses affords the single spore-nuclei. The spores are cut out from the protoplasm of the ascus in a most peculiar manner by reflexion of and union of astral rays which emanate from a centrosome-like organ at the beak of the prolonged nucleus. Figs. 79, 80. The significance of two nuclear fus
RMRM8RBR–. Annual report of the Agricultural Experiment Station. Cornell University. Agricultural Experiment Station; Agriculture -- New York (State). — 179 — the surface of the culture-drop conidia, like those already des- cribed and figured as the summer conidia.. Fig. 8.—An ascus, with spores germinating within. Asci within the perithecium were now examined and the spores were found to be germinating, not only within the asci, but while the asci were in the perithecium, and the mycelial filaments thus produced were crowding out through the ostiolum, (Fig. 9.) The interesting discov- ery of the produ
RMPG2M4G–. Parasitic fungi of Illinois / by T.J. Burrill. Fungi. Fig. 5. Figure 5. Undnula am- lis, Peck: a, perithe- cium with the numerous appendages (6) coiled at the tip,— magnified 100 times; c, i one of the appendages (tip) further magnified; d,anas- cus with five spores,—magni- fied 200 times. The lower, pointed end of the ascus is attached to the bottom of the cavity of the perithecium.. Figure 6. Phyllactinia sw/- fulta, (Eeb.) Sacc.: a, perithe- cium with the needle-shaped appendages (6) swollen at base,—magnified 50 times; c, a branched appendage; d!, an ascus with two spores,— mag- nified 1
RMREE532–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. CHAPTER V. —COMPARATIVE REVIEW.—DOUBTFUL ASCOMFCETES. 267 Four hemispherical spores are formed in each ascus, which escape when mature by the dissolution of the wall of the ascus. and put out germ-tubes in water. Nothing more is known of this species; the controversy which has arisen in the attempt to determine it will be noticed again in section XCIII. Section LXXVII. The chief representatives of the genus Saccharomyces are the Yeast-fungi which excite alcoholic fermentation
RMPG4G4A–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Fig. 166.—C. pilifera perl- Fig. 167.—C. albieedrse. Sec- theclum, asci and tion of a peritheclum in spores. After von its stroma. After Heald and Schrenk. Wolf. Fig. 168.—C. albicedrse. Upper part of an ascus showing thickened apical wall and coiled spores. After Heald and Wolf. slender, lipear, surrounded by a gelatinous matrix, apically thick- ened; spores filiform, multiseptate, hyaline. , A single species. C. albicedrse Heald & Wolf. Stroma on bark or wood of the host, varying from gray on the bark to black on wood, lentic
RMRE3B2C–. Practical botany. Botany. 232 PRACTICAL BOTANY rarely formed. It reproduces itself very abundantly by means of conidia. Plants branch profusely at their ends, and from the tips of these branches conidia are formed (Fig. 187). The number of these conidia is often so large that when the sub- stance supporting the plants is slightly shaken a small cloud of spores arises. 225. Yeasts. The yeasts (>S'«ccA«rom?/cetes) constitute a group of plants of somewhat doubtful classification. Since occasion- ally they form an ascus-like sac in which spores are formed, they are often classed with the asco
RMPG4GW1–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 119 P. macrosporus Ung. Asci globose to elliptic, 40-80 x 35-60 /x; membrane yellowish, up to 5 it* in thickness, contents colorless; spores elongate-ellipsoid, 2-3 xl fi. It produces small galls, which are at first watery looking, then. Fig. 81.—Protomyces. A, mycelium and young ascus; E, ascus with mature spores. After De Bary. brown, upon the leaves and stems of various economic and non- economic Umbelliferse. P. pachydermus Thiim. affects carrots and dandehons. P. rhizobius Trail, grows on Po
RMRDGAHM–. The natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution;. Botany. 684> THE SUBDIVISIONS OF THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM. way groups of cells may hang together in chains (fig. 387^) for a short time, but they disarticulate sooner or later. As the substratum becomes exhausted the cells exhibit a tendency to form spores in their interior (2-8), the cell being as it were transformed into an ascus (fig. 387''). The special physiological activity associated with this and several other species is alcoholic fermentation {cf. vol. i. p. 506), i.e. the splitting up of sugar into
RMPG4GE0–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 186 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE (but not always) more or less closely 3 to 6-times dichotomously branched, tips of ultimate branches regularly and distinctly re- curved; asci 3-8, ovate to ovate-globose, 42-70 x 32-50 m, usually but not always short stalked; 4 to 8-spored; spores 18-23 x 10-12 fi. This species is the most variable of the Erysiphese showing large latitude in number of spores in the ascus, in length, color and branching of appendages, in Fig. 136.—m. aini, appendage size of perithecia. It occurs upon Very tip
RMRDC1MR–. Diseases of plants induced by cryptogamic parasites : introduction to the study of pathogenic Fungi, slime-Fungi, bacteria, & Algae . Plant diseases; Parasitic plants; Fungi. HYPODERMELLA. 235 apothecia were present on the upper surface of the needles as isolated black spots or united into lines; they dehisce by an elongated fissure. The asci are cylindrical with rounded apices, and measure about 110m in length; they are almost sessile. Each contained four hyaline, unicellular, club-shaped spores ii. Fic. 119.—Hypodermella sulcigena. The apothecia form black lines on the needles. Ascus
RMPG4GXB–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. ASCOMYCETES (p. 64) 2, 7, 19, 25, 46, S2, 53, 62 The distinguishing mark of this group is the ascus. This in its typical form is shown in Fig. 73, as a long, slender or club-shaped sac in which the spores are borne. The number of spores in the ascus is usually definite and is commonly of the series, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, etc., the most common number being 8. The spores vary in size, color, shape, markings and septation. The asci in most genera are arranged in a definite group, a layer, con- stituting the hymenium which may be eit
RMREFCCK–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. 96 DIVISION I. GENERAL MGRl'TIOLOGV. as it was described in Peziza Sclerotiorum, &c. (Fig. 43i> which is extended by stretching into a thin membrane, it becomes a question whether the thickenings in the cases we are considering arc not extended in the same way into thin membranes with the expansion of the ascus, and arc to In- i on si d< red therefore as reserve-pieces of membrane destined to be extended and to assist in the ejection of the spores, and comparable wi
RMPG2M48–. Parasitic fungi of Illinois / by T.J. Burrill. Fungi. Parasitic Fungi of Illinois. 39*?. Figure 7. Podosphsera ooeycanthx, (DC.) DBy.: a, pericthecium with dichoto- mously forked appendages J,— magnified 90 times; c, a tip of an appendage more magnified; 6, the single ascus with eight spores,— magni- fied 325 times. Fig. 8. Figure 8. Microsphsera SavmeiajBeik.: a,perithecium with its dichotomously forked appendages 6,— magnified 75 times; c, a tip of an appendage more magnified; d, one of the several asci containing eight spores,— magnified 375 times; e, a group of asci from one perithecium,
![. Bulletin : report of Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural and Mechanical College, Auburn, Ala. Agriculture -- Alabama. 176 however that the most severe attack of the disease will re- sult in the death of the tree during the first year. FUNGUS CAUSING THE DISEASE. The fungus causing this disease is one of the lower As- comijcetes, a group characterized bv the formation of "ascus." its spores in small sacs of "asci," singular This fungus is very closely related to the hJxoascus de- formans causing the w(41 known leaf-curl disease of peaches. Unlike the latter our f Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RGADE6/bulletin-report-of-agricultural-experiment-station-agricultural-and-mechanical-college-auburn-ala-agriculture-alabama-176-however-that-the-most-severe-attack-of-the-disease-will-re-sult-in-the-death-of-the-tree-during-the-first-year-fungus-causing-the-disease-the-fungus-causing-this-disease-is-one-of-the-lower-as-comijcetes-a-group-characterized-bv-the-formation-of-quotascusquot-its-spores-in-small-sacs-of-quotasciquot-singular-this-fungus-is-very-closely-related-to-the-hjxoascus-de-formans-causing-the-w41-known-leaf-curl-disease-of-peaches-unlike-the-latter-our-f-RGADE6.jpg ". Bulletin : report of Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural and Mechanical College, Auburn, Ala. Agriculture -- Alabama. 176 however that the most severe attack of the disease will re- sult in the death of the tree during the first year. FUNGUS CAUSING THE DISEASE. The fungus causing this disease is one of the lower As- comijcetes, a group characterized bv the formation of "ascus." its spores in small sacs of "asci," singular This fungus is very closely related to the hJxoascus de- formans causing the w(41 known leaf-curl disease of peaches. Unlike the latter our f Stock Photo")
RMRGADE6–. Bulletin : report of Agricultural Experiment Station, Agricultural and Mechanical College, Auburn, Ala. Agriculture -- Alabama. 176 however that the most severe attack of the disease will re- sult in the death of the tree during the first year. FUNGUS CAUSING THE DISEASE. The fungus causing this disease is one of the lower As- comijcetes, a group characterized bv the formation of "ascus." its spores in small sacs of "asci," singular This fungus is very closely related to the hJxoascus de- formans causing the w(41 known leaf-curl disease of peaches. Unlike the latter our f
RMPG454D–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. 152 MYCOLOGY. Fig. 52.—A, Tuber cuslhmm fruit-body; B, Tuber magnaium fruit-body; C, Tuber brumalef. melanosporum, section through fruit-body; D, Tuber excavatum, section of fruit-body; E, Tuber astivum f. mesentericum, piece of fruit-body near pcridium en- larged; G, piece of Tuber excavatum enlarged; H, Tuber rufum, fruit-body magnified showing asci and ascospores; J, Tuber brumale, ascia with spores; K, Tuber magnatuni', ascus with spores. {See Die natUrlichcn PJlanzenfamilien I. i,
RMRDD1T6–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria . Plant morphology; Fungi; Myxomycetes; Bacteriology. CHAPTER III.—SPORES OF FUNGI. 8i structure of that in Peziza confluens ; I could not see it in the ascus when fully formed, but the young spore-primordia on the other hand have a distinct nucleus. The spores lie close together and form a small group of usually six small round delicate cells, which occupy the apex or a part of one side of the ascus ; they are all alike when quite young and were probably therefore formed simultaneously, but they develope very unequally;
![. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. TllALLUPlIYTES; FUNGI i!T7. Fu;. 2-11. Head of rye attacked by " er- got " {a), peculiar graiu-like masses replacing the grains of rye ; also a mass of "ergot" germinating' to form spores (6).—After Tulasne. Fic..'2-lii. A cup-fungus (Pitya) grow- 1112; on a spruce iPicea). — After Eedm. In some of these forms the ascocarp is completely closed, as in the lilac mildew; in otlicrs it is flask-sliaped ; in others, as in the cup-fungi, it is like a cup or disk ; but in all the spores are inclosed by a delicate sac, the ascus.. Plea Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG3D2N/plant-studies-an-elementary-botany-botany-tllallupliytes-fungi-i!t7-fu-2-11-head-of-rye-attacked-by-quot-er-got-quot-a-peculiar-graiu-like-masses-replacing-the-grains-of-rye-also-a-mass-of-quotergotquot-germinating-to-form-spores-6after-tulasne-fic2-lii-a-cup-fungus-pitya-grow-1112-on-a-spruce-ipicea-after-eedm-in-some-of-these-forms-the-ascocarp-is-completely-closed-as-in-the-lilac-mildew-in-otlicrs-it-is-flask-sliaped-in-others-as-in-the-cup-fungi-it-is-like-a-cup-or-disk-but-in-all-the-spores-are-inclosed-by-a-delicate-sac-the-ascus-plea-PG3D2N.jpg ". Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. TllALLUPlIYTES; FUNGI i!T7. Fu;. 2-11. Head of rye attacked by " er- got " {a), peculiar graiu-like masses replacing the grains of rye ; also a mass of "ergot" germinating' to form spores (6).—After Tulasne. Fic..'2-lii. A cup-fungus (Pitya) grow- 1112; on a spruce iPicea). — After Eedm. In some of these forms the ascocarp is completely closed, as in the lilac mildew; in otlicrs it is flask-sliaped ; in others, as in the cup-fungi, it is like a cup or disk ; but in all the spores are inclosed by a delicate sac, the ascus.. Plea Stock Photo")
RMPG3D2N–. Plant studies; an elementary botany. Botany. TllALLUPlIYTES; FUNGI i!T7. Fu;. 2-11. Head of rye attacked by " er- got " {a), peculiar graiu-like masses replacing the grains of rye ; also a mass of "ergot" germinating' to form spores (6).—After Tulasne. Fic..'2-lii. A cup-fungus (Pitya) grow- 1112; on a spruce iPicea). — After Eedm. In some of these forms the ascocarp is completely closed, as in the lilac mildew; in otlicrs it is flask-sliaped ; in others, as in the cup-fungi, it is like a cup or disk ; but in all the spores are inclosed by a delicate sac, the ascus.. Plea
RMRR1EHW–. Agricultural news. Agriculture -- West Indies; Plant diseases -- West Indies. 126 THE AGRICULTURAL NEWS. April 16, 1910. FUNGUS NOTES. THE CHIEF GROUPS Part I^?. OF FUNGI. lANA The Ascomycktes. The next group of fungi to be Considered is the Ascomjcetes. These fungi all possess a mycelium which is divided up by transverse walls, and they are characterized by the formation of a sac, or ascus, in which a definite number of spores, usually eight, is borne. The whole group may roughly be divided up into the following sub- groups:— Protoascineae. Protodiscineae. Helvellineae. Discomycetes. Tuheri
RMPG4GPN–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Fig. 92.-|-Sclerotinia on plum, o, section showing a spore pustule and chains of conidia; 6, part of a spore-chain; c, spores germinating; d, a mummy plum and ascophores; e, an ascophore; /, ascus; g, mature spores. After Longyear. in nature, usually at blossom time of the host, can also produce apothecia, a fact first demonstrated by Norton. ^^ These apothecia develop in large numbers from old fruits half buried in soil, and send forth ascospores to aid in infection. The ascospores germinate readily in water and it was proved by N
RMRH8Y0D–. Botany for high schools and colleges. Botany. Fig. n2.—Tuber me- lanosporum. A, a por- tion of a transverse sec- tion, showing the asci, with contained asco- spores ; i?, an ascus with ripe ascospores. Both much magnified.— After Tulasne. ^ Fig. 193. — PenicilUum ehartarwni, showing co- nidia-bearing hypha; at the side is shown an iso- lated chain of conidia. Magnified.—After Coolie.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the origi
RMPG46F1–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 244 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE M. fragarise (Tul.) Lin.''^ Perithecia on leaves, are produced late in the season, globose, subepidermal, membranous, black, thin-walled; asci few, clavate,. Fig. 179.—Mycosphaerella fragariEe. ft, conidiophores buret- ing through the epidermis; c, arising from apex of a pycnidium; d, summer spores, one germinating; e, s^tion of a spermogonium; /, section of perithecium; g, ascus containing eight two-celled spores. Aft^er Longyear. 8-spored, 4Q ii long; spores hyaline, 2-celled, with acute ti
RMRH92YE–. Bothalia. Botany. 184 After forty-two hours there was no further change, except in the increased length of the germ tubes and the increased number of spores with two and three septations. At no time was any suggestion of a change of colour observable in the conidia. The ascus stage was not found in culture, but, as stated elsewhere, its connection with the conidial stage has been traced. Inoculation Experiments. Several seedling Avocados in the greenhouse were inoculated with conidia from cultures on oatmeal agar and with pieces of mycelium. In each case a small incision was made in the bark
![. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. ^ & 0 X 20 #;fc|L p^; A M â kk ^0- ;^rric. 7 F'AV'-V.'. j>7--r"-: ^ '-Si'' -â '' '^ (;o(i b/w N>. X iL'Od X 600 SCLEROPHYTON CIRCUMSCRIPTUM A. Zahlbr. a. Whole plant, b. Portion of thaUus and apothecia. c. V^ertical section o( thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. e. Ascus. f. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of t Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG3W62/a-monograph-of-lichens-found-in-britain-being-a-descriptive-catalogue-of-the-species-in-the-herbarium-of-the-british-museum-lichens-amp-0-x-20-fcl-p-a-m-kk-0-rric-7-fav-v-jgt7-rquot-si-oi-bw-ngt-x-ilod-x-600-sclerophyton-circumscriptum-a-zahlbr-a-whole-plant-b-portion-of-thauus-and-apothecia-c-vertical-section-o-thallus-d-vertical-section-of-apothecia-e-ascus-f-spores-please-note-that-these-images-are-extracted-from-scanned-page-images-that-may-have-been-digitally-enhanced-for-readability-coloration-and-appearance-of-t-PG3W62.jpg ". A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. ^ & 0 X 20 #;fc|L p^; A M â kk ^0- ;^rric. 7 F'AV'-V.'. j>7--r"-: ^ '-Si'' -â '' '^ (;o(i b/w N>. X iL'Od X 600 SCLEROPHYTON CIRCUMSCRIPTUM A. Zahlbr. a. Whole plant, b. Portion of thaUus and apothecia. c. V^ertical section o( thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. e. Ascus. f. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of t Stock Photo")
RMPG3W62–. A monograph of lichens found in Britain; being a descriptive catalogue of the species in the herbarium of the British Museum. Lichens. ^ & 0 X 20 #;fc|L p^; A M â kk ^0- ;^rric. 7 F'AV'-V.'. j>7--r"-: ^ '-Si'' -â '' '^ (;o(i b/w N>. X iL'Od X 600 SCLEROPHYTON CIRCUMSCRIPTUM A. Zahlbr. a. Whole plant, b. Portion of thaUus and apothecia. c. V^ertical section o( thallus. d. Vertical section of apothecia. e. Ascus. f. Spores.. Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of t
RMRDDBXB–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 173 This binucleate cell after fusion of its nuclei develops into the one ascus characteristic of the genus. The ascus nucleus by- division gives rise to the spore nuclei and the spores are cut out of the periplasm by reflexion of the astral rays. In Erysiphe** the oogonium and antheridium arise in a very similar way, the oogonium being somewhat curved. Feri;ilization is also similar consisting of the union of two gametic nuclei. After fertilization the oospore nucleus divides and the oogonium de
RMPG4GJT–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 162 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Ascocarps scattered on the leaf, shining black, up to 1 mm. long; asci clavate, 8-spored; spores nearly as long as the ascus, 90-120 X 1.5 M- Conidia cylindric, hyaline, continuous, 6-8 x 1 /t. L. brachysporum Rost. Perithecia epiphyllous; asci cylindric, short- stalked, apex rounded, 120 x 20-25 p., 8- spored; paraphyses bacillar, apex curved; spores oblong, l-rowed, hyaline, 28-30 x 9-10 /x. It is common on pine leaves.^ Several other species are parasitic upon various conifers, among them:
RMREF6XJ–. Comparative morphology of Fungi. Fungi. 358 COMPARATIVE MORPHOLOGY OF FUNGI and may sink from eight to four to two to one, with proportional increases in size. The spores generally become multinucleate while still inside the ascus. The entire morphological and biological development of the asci which we could follow from the Plectascales to Pezizales, their biological discharge apparatus, their transition from spherical to clavate. Fig. 240.— Tuber rufum. 1. Section of fructification. 2. Portion of interior of fructi- fication, a, rind; c, venae internae (trama plates); d, venae externae; h,
RMPG4AXD–. Minnesota mushrooms ... Botany; Mushrooms. SADDLE FUNGI 139 Verpa bohemica Ribbed Verpa Cap 2-4 cm. tall, 1-3 cm. wide, brownish to brown, ribbed lengthwise, with few or no cross ribs, bell-shaped or blunt conic; stem 4-7 cm. by 1- 1J4 cm., white, smooth, tufted-hairy. Stuffed or hollow; spores clear, el- liptic, smooth, two in an ascus, 40-60 X 16-18(U. The name is geographical. On moist ground in woodland and grassland; delicious. Verpa conica Smooth Verpa Cap 3-^-2 cm. wide, Yi-l^A cm. tall, brownish or brown, smooth or slightly wrinkled, not ribbed, bell- shaped, rarely conic ; stem 2-6
![. Botany; principles and problems. Botany. 296 BOTANY: PRINCIPLES AND PROBLEMS single cell, possessing a definite nucleus, cytoplasm, and sap-cavity and producing, by the process of "budding", a loose, irregular chain of cells. When conditions become unfavorable, the con- tents of some of the cells divides into four spores, forming a structure which is thought to represent a modified ascus. The yeasts are saprophytes on sugary substances, thriving in the absence of free oxygen, and are the chief agents in alcoholic fermentation, a process which has been described in a preceding chapt Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RH83HG/botany-principles-and-problems-botany-296-botany-principles-and-problems-single-cell-possessing-a-definite-nucleus-cytoplasm-and-sap-cavity-and-producing-by-the-process-of-quotbuddingquot-a-loose-irregular-chain-of-cells-when-conditions-become-unfavorable-the-con-tents-of-some-of-the-cells-divides-into-four-spores-forming-a-structure-which-is-thought-to-represent-a-modified-ascus-the-yeasts-are-saprophytes-on-sugary-substances-thriving-in-the-absence-of-free-oxygen-and-are-the-chief-agents-in-alcoholic-fermentation-a-process-which-has-been-described-in-a-preceding-chapt-RH83HG.jpg ". Botany; principles and problems. Botany. 296 BOTANY: PRINCIPLES AND PROBLEMS single cell, possessing a definite nucleus, cytoplasm, and sap-cavity and producing, by the process of "budding", a loose, irregular chain of cells. When conditions become unfavorable, the con- tents of some of the cells divides into four spores, forming a structure which is thought to represent a modified ascus. The yeasts are saprophytes on sugary substances, thriving in the absence of free oxygen, and are the chief agents in alcoholic fermentation, a process which has been described in a preceding chapt Stock Photo")
RMRH83HG–. Botany; principles and problems. Botany. 296 BOTANY: PRINCIPLES AND PROBLEMS single cell, possessing a definite nucleus, cytoplasm, and sap-cavity and producing, by the process of "budding", a loose, irregular chain of cells. When conditions become unfavorable, the con- tents of some of the cells divides into four spores, forming a structure which is thought to represent a modified ascus. The yeasts are saprophytes on sugary substances, thriving in the absence of free oxygen, and are the chief agents in alcoholic fermentation, a process which has been described in a preceding chapt
![. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. Ill] EXOASCALES 93 mother-cell during development. Two nuclei can frequently be recognized in the cells of the fertile mycelium, and the young ascus, in all investigated cases, is binucleate. The two nuclei fuse, the fusion nucleus undergoes three successive divisions and eight spores are formed (fig. 48). In many species budding of the ascospore takes place, so that the mature ascus contains numerous minute conidia (fig. 50) by means of which the fungus is distributed. The Exoascales include the single family Exoascaceae; with this is so Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/RDTP3J/fungi-ascomycetes-ustilaginales-uredinales-fungi-ill-exoascales-93-mother-cell-during-development-two-nuclei-can-frequently-be-recognized-in-the-cells-of-the-fertile-mycelium-and-the-young-ascus-in-all-investigated-cases-is-binucleate-the-two-nuclei-fuse-the-fusion-nucleus-undergoes-three-successive-divisions-and-eight-spores-are-formed-fig-48-in-many-species-budding-of-the-ascospore-takes-place-so-that-the-mature-ascus-contains-numerous-minute-conidia-fig-50-by-means-of-which-the-fungus-is-distributed-the-exoascales-include-the-single-family-exoascaceae-with-this-is-so-RDTP3J.jpg ". Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. Ill] EXOASCALES 93 mother-cell during development. Two nuclei can frequently be recognized in the cells of the fertile mycelium, and the young ascus, in all investigated cases, is binucleate. The two nuclei fuse, the fusion nucleus undergoes three successive divisions and eight spores are formed (fig. 48). In many species budding of the ascospore takes place, so that the mature ascus contains numerous minute conidia (fig. 50) by means of which the fungus is distributed. The Exoascales include the single family Exoascaceae; with this is so Stock Photo")
RMRDTP3J–. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. Ill] EXOASCALES 93 mother-cell during development. Two nuclei can frequently be recognized in the cells of the fertile mycelium, and the young ascus, in all investigated cases, is binucleate. The two nuclei fuse, the fusion nucleus undergoes three successive divisions and eight spores are formed (fig. 48). In many species budding of the ascospore takes place, so that the mature ascus contains numerous minute conidia (fig. 50) by means of which the fungus is distributed. The Exoascales include the single family Exoascaceae; with this is so
RMREXDAP–. Lichens. Lichens. LICHEN ASCI AND SPORES 187 than in fungi; in many instances some or all of the spores in the ascus are imperfectly formed, and the full complement is frequently lacking, possibly owing to some occurrence of adverse conditions during the long slow development of the apothecium. In the larger number of genera and species the spores are small bodies, but in some, as for instance in the Pertusariae and in some Pyrenocarpeae, they exceed in size all known fungus spores. In Varicellaria microsticta, a rare crustaceous lichen of high moun- tains, the solitary i-septate spore measu
RMREFCET–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. CHAPTER III.—SPORES OF FUNGI. 81 structure of that in Peziza confluens ; I could not see it in the ascus when fully formed, but the young spore-primordia on the other hand have a distinct nucleus. The spores lie close together and form a small group of usually six small round delicate cells, which occupy the apex or a part of one side of the ascus ; they are all alike when quite young and were probably therefore formed simultaneously, but they develope very unequally; the mat
![. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. jo4 DIVISION r.—GENERAL Mk rjiai.OGV. mentioned also the envelope-cells on the spore-clusters of Urocystis, which will be described in Chapter V", but not the germ-tubes which appear inside the ascus in Sphaeria praecoxj and which were des< ribed by Tulasne ' as filiform appendages. We have already spoken, in com urn nee with ZopPs views, of the physiological import of the gelatinous append. organs which ma} i to attach the asco- spores to one another and to the apex Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/REFCC3/comparative-morphology-and-biology-of-the-fungi-mycetozoa-and-bacteria-fungi-morphology-bacteria-morphology-jo4-division-rgeneral-mk-rjiaiogv-mentioned-also-the-envelope-cells-on-the-spore-clusters-of-urocystis-which-will-be-described-in-chapter-vquot-but-not-the-germ-tubes-which-appear-inside-the-ascus-in-sphaeria-praecoxj-and-which-were-deslt-ribed-by-tulasne-as-filiform-appendages-we-have-already-spoken-in-com-urn-nee-with-zopps-views-of-the-physiological-import-of-the-gelatinous-append-organs-which-ma-i-to-attach-the-asco-spores-to-one-another-and-to-the-apex-REFCC3.jpg ". Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. jo4 DIVISION r.—GENERAL Mk rjiai.OGV. mentioned also the envelope-cells on the spore-clusters of Urocystis, which will be described in Chapter V", but not the germ-tubes which appear inside the ascus in Sphaeria praecoxj and which were des< ribed by Tulasne ' as filiform appendages. We have already spoken, in com urn nee with ZopPs views, of the physiological import of the gelatinous append. organs which ma} i to attach the asco- spores to one another and to the apex Stock Photo")
RMREFCC3–. Comparative morphology and biology of the fungi, mycetozoa and bacteria. Fungi -- Morphology; Bacteria -- Morphology. jo4 DIVISION r.—GENERAL Mk rjiai.OGV. mentioned also the envelope-cells on the spore-clusters of Urocystis, which will be described in Chapter V", but not the germ-tubes which appear inside the ascus in Sphaeria praecoxj and which were des< ribed by Tulasne ' as filiform appendages. We have already spoken, in com urn nee with ZopPs views, of the physiological import of the gelatinous append. organs which ma} i to attach the asco- spores to one another and to the apex
RMRDTP84–. Fungi, ascomycetes, ustilaginales, uredinales. Fungi. 72 PLECTOMYCETES [CH. substance, readily soluble in alcohol, in the form of a thick, brittle pellicle. These constitute the protective sheath (fig. 30 c), by the decay of which, after the disappearance of the nutritive hyphae and later of the ascus walls, the spores are finally set free. The ascospores are spherical or lenticular often with a sculptured epispore. In most species of Penicillium reproduction takes place almost entirely by means of the abundant conidia borne in chains on the branched, brush- like conidiophores (fig. 31). Asc
RMRDWC4G–. The essentials of botany. Botany. ASCOSPOREAE 213 C. Spore fruits much reduced, containing teliospores. Class Teliospobeae. D. Asci, basidia or teliospores unknown (artificial group). Fungi Impeefecti. Class 14. ASCOSPOREAE. The Ascus Fungi. 333. This large class includes chlorophyll-less plants which differ much in size and appearance, but which agree in producing their fruit-spores (carpo- spores) in sacs (asci), and because they are in sacs they are called sac-spores or ascospores. These spore-bearing sacs (singular, ascus; plural, asci) are end- cells in the sporogenous tissue of the fru
RMRDFE2X–. Manual of tree diseases . Trees. 146 MANUAL OF TREE DISEASES of spore (the ascospores). These spores are confined in small delicate sacs, eight spores in each sac or ascus. During rainy periods, these sacs swell and a certain number are forced up through a tube leading from each cavity to the black mouths at the tips of the papillae. Once out- side, the sacs burst and the eight spores in each are shot into the air where they are carried away by the wind to great distances. It is these wind-blown ascospores which account for the extreme rapidity of spread of this fungus and make certain the i
Search Results for Ascus spores Stock Photos and Images (321)
Page 2 of 4