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Causes of plant disease Stock Photos and Images
RFPJE04A–plant disease, fungal leaves spot disease on rose bush causes the damage. Blight, aphid, mushroom Marsonia, chlorosis, powdery mildew canker
RF2JHH49Y–Dwarf beans or French Beans destroyed by a fungus of the genus Sclerotinia. On the stem visible white mold. The disease causes yield losses.
RM2AMY3MG–Health knowledge : a thorough and concise knowledge of the prevention, causes, and treatments of disease, simplified for home use . cine is to produce insensibility to pain, which it doesvery quickly, and with a great degree of safety, though theeffect is of very short duration, not extending beyond two orthree minutes. Its use is therefore applicable only for shortoperations, such as extraction of a tooth, unless it be repeatedly administered in association withoxygen. Pennyroyal.—This plant ofthe mint family is found all overthe United States and in Canada,mostly in dry woods. It is usedas a
RMPG4B6F–. Botany for agricultural students . Botany. 340 THALLOPHYTES Club Root of Cabbage.' — This is a disease of Cabbage caused by a parasitic Myxomycete. The Myxomycete gains entrance through the roots and hves upon the cells of the plant. The presence of the parasite causes the wart-like developments on the roots and stem of the Cabbage, and so injures the plant that no head is produced and even death often results {Figure 292). Within the cells of the Cabbage the plasmodia live and form spores {Figure 293). When liberated through the decay of the Cabbage, the spores are carried by water, animals
RF2RMXPB2–American common ragweed, full frame. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Close-up. Selective focus.
![. Farfugium Grande. PARFUGIUIH. Grande, Mr. Eben E. Rexford writes expressly for this book the fol- lowing cultural note: "This plant is extremely ornamental when well grown Its large circular leaves, olten nearly a foot across, thickly spotted with creamy-white and yellow, make it wonderfully striking and effective for room decoration. It likes a soil of loam and mucky matter, half and half, with a good deal of water. Ample provision, however, should be made for drainage, as standing water about its roots often results in disease, which causes the loss of most of its foliage. Once a mont Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/MCJD44/farfugium-grande-parfugiuih-grande-mr-eben-e-rexford-writes-expressly-for-this-book-the-fol-lowing-cultural-note-quotthis-plant-is-extremely-ornamental-when-well-grown-its-large-circular-leaves-olten-nearly-a-foot-across-thickly-spotted-with-creamy-white-and-yellow-make-it-wonderfully-striking-and-effective-for-room-decoration-it-likes-a-soil-of-loam-and-mucky-matter-half-and-half-with-a-good-deal-of-water-ample-provision-however-should-be-made-for-drainage-as-standing-water-about-its-roots-often-results-in-disease-which-causes-the-loss-of-most-of-its-foliage-once-a-mont-MCJD44.jpg ". Farfugium Grande. PARFUGIUIH. Grande, Mr. Eben E. Rexford writes expressly for this book the fol- lowing cultural note: "This plant is extremely ornamental when well grown Its large circular leaves, olten nearly a foot across, thickly spotted with creamy-white and yellow, make it wonderfully striking and effective for room decoration. It likes a soil of loam and mucky matter, half and half, with a good deal of water. Ample provision, however, should be made for drainage, as standing water about its roots often results in disease, which causes the loss of most of its foliage. Once a mont Stock Photo")
RMMCJD44–. Farfugium Grande. PARFUGIUIH. Grande, Mr. Eben E. Rexford writes expressly for this book the fol- lowing cultural note: "This plant is extremely ornamental when well grown Its large circular leaves, olten nearly a foot across, thickly spotted with creamy-white and yellow, make it wonderfully striking and effective for room decoration. It likes a soil of loam and mucky matter, half and half, with a good deal of water. Ample provision, however, should be made for drainage, as standing water about its roots often results in disease, which causes the loss of most of its foliage. Once a mont
RFPJE099–plant disease, fungal leaves spot disease on rose bush causes the damage. Blight, aphid, mushroom Marsonia, chlorosis, powdery mildew canker
RF2JHH49W–Dwarf beans or French Beans destroyed by a fungus of the genus Sclerotinia. On the stem visible white mold. The disease causes yield losses.
RF2HJER6T–Fusarium ear rot symptoms on kernels. A serious disease of maize caused by a fungus Fusarium. F. verticillioides. Causes significant grain yield losse
RM2AMY1WE–Health knowledge : a thorough and concise knowledge of the prevention, causes, and treatments of disease, simplified for home use . ch forms a coating on the dried mucous membrane.Such liquids are obtained by mixing oatmeal or milk with water. Rhubarb is the root of Rheum officinale, a plant originally de-rived from China and Thibet. It has a gentle purgative actionwhen taken in large doses, and at the same time increases theflow of bile. In small doses it has merely a sUghtly stimulatingaction upon the functions of the stomach, and is very beneficial inatonic conditions of that organ. As a pu
RF2HJENWR–Fusarium ear rot symptoms on kernels. A serious disease of maize caused by a fungus Fusarium. F. verticillioides. Causes significant grain yield losse
![. Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. 132 DISEASES OF ECONOMIC PLANTS probable, therefore, that at least one cause of crown gall is the organism mentioned. Ail diseased stock should be avoided, as well as stock from nurseries where the disease is known to exist. Bacteriose (Bacterium pruni E. F. Smith^).—A " shot hole" disease of peach leaves, which causes prema- ture defoliation, is attributed 1>3' Smith and by Rorer ^ to Ijacteria. The disease has been found during several years in different states and is believed to constitute one of the most common of the " shot Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4EYA/diseases-of-economic-plants-plant-diseases-132-diseases-of-economic-plants-probable-therefore-that-at-least-one-cause-of-crown-gall-is-the-organism-mentioned-ail-diseased-stock-should-be-avoided-as-well-as-stock-from-nurseries-where-the-disease-is-known-to-exist-bacteriose-bacterium-pruni-e-f-smitha-quot-shot-holequot-disease-of-peach-leaves-which-causes-prema-ture-defoliation-is-attributed-1gt3-smith-and-by-rorer-to-ijacteria-the-disease-has-been-found-during-several-years-in-different-states-and-is-believed-to-constitute-one-of-the-most-common-of-the-quot-shot-PG4EYA.jpg ". Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. 132 DISEASES OF ECONOMIC PLANTS probable, therefore, that at least one cause of crown gall is the organism mentioned. Ail diseased stock should be avoided, as well as stock from nurseries where the disease is known to exist. Bacteriose (Bacterium pruni E. F. Smith^).—A " shot hole" disease of peach leaves, which causes prema- ture defoliation, is attributed 1>3' Smith and by Rorer ^ to Ijacteria. The disease has been found during several years in different states and is believed to constitute one of the most common of the " shot Stock Photo")
RMPG4EYA–. Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. 132 DISEASES OF ECONOMIC PLANTS probable, therefore, that at least one cause of crown gall is the organism mentioned. Ail diseased stock should be avoided, as well as stock from nurseries where the disease is known to exist. Bacteriose (Bacterium pruni E. F. Smith^).—A " shot hole" disease of peach leaves, which causes prema- ture defoliation, is attributed 1>3' Smith and by Rorer ^ to Ijacteria. The disease has been found during several years in different states and is believed to constitute one of the most common of the " shot
RF2RGX7NY–American common ragweed grows near the road. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Selective
![. Fig. 32.—Effect of mosaic disease on sweet-pea blossoms. flowers "break" or become mottled and bleached in color (fig. 31), and are thus rendered unfit for the cut-flower market. When grown for seed, the size of the pods is greatly reduced by this virus. Destroy affected plants and spray or dust to destroy aphids, especially in the seedbed. Verticillium Wilt, Verticilliosis.—In this disease, the leaves droop and the whole plant wilts, lingers a long time, then finally dies. The soil fungus which causes the disease, Verticillium albo-atrum, brings about a rotting of the roots and lo Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/MCK9G9/fig-32effect-of-mosaic-disease-on-sweet-pea-blossoms-flowers-quotbreakquot-or-become-mottled-and-bleached-in-color-fig-31-and-are-thus-rendered-unfit-for-the-cut-flower-market-when-grown-for-seed-the-size-of-the-pods-is-greatly-reduced-by-this-virus-destroy-affected-plants-and-spray-or-dust-to-destroy-aphids-especially-in-the-seedbed-verticillium-wilt-verticilliosisin-this-disease-the-leaves-droop-and-the-whole-plant-wilts-lingers-a-long-time-then-finally-dies-the-soil-fungus-which-causes-the-disease-verticillium-albo-atrum-brings-about-a-rotting-of-the-roots-and-lo-MCK9G9.jpg ". Fig. 32.—Effect of mosaic disease on sweet-pea blossoms. flowers "break" or become mottled and bleached in color (fig. 31), and are thus rendered unfit for the cut-flower market. When grown for seed, the size of the pods is greatly reduced by this virus. Destroy affected plants and spray or dust to destroy aphids, especially in the seedbed. Verticillium Wilt, Verticilliosis.—In this disease, the leaves droop and the whole plant wilts, lingers a long time, then finally dies. The soil fungus which causes the disease, Verticillium albo-atrum, brings about a rotting of the roots and lo Stock Photo")
RMMCK9G9–. Fig. 32.—Effect of mosaic disease on sweet-pea blossoms. flowers "break" or become mottled and bleached in color (fig. 31), and are thus rendered unfit for the cut-flower market. When grown for seed, the size of the pods is greatly reduced by this virus. Destroy affected plants and spray or dust to destroy aphids, especially in the seedbed. Verticillium Wilt, Verticilliosis.—In this disease, the leaves droop and the whole plant wilts, lingers a long time, then finally dies. The soil fungus which causes the disease, Verticillium albo-atrum, brings about a rotting of the roots and lo
RM2AMYFDX–Health knowledge : a thorough and concise knowledge of the prevention, causes, and treatments of disease, simplified for home use . Black Hellebore HEMLOCK—PERUVIAN BARK —NIGHTSHADE —GLYCERINE 1175. Grarden Nightshade Garden Nightshade.—Anative plant of Europe, andnaturalized in this country,especially along roads. Itis used as a narcotic, andmay be taken internally orapplied externally. If usedin a strong solution, it willremove the upper layer ofthe skin. Glycerine is a clear, col-orless, thick liquid of sweettaste, obtained by decompo-sition and distillation offats. It dissolves manysubstan
RF2HJENWA–Fusarium ear rot symptoms on kernels. A serious disease of maize caused by a fungus Fusarium. F. verticillioides. Causes significant grain yield losse
RF2M5710A–Net blotch of barley - fungal disease on barley. Can cause yield losses from 10% to 40% with a reduction in thousand grain weight. Causes by Pyrenopho
![. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases. 293 Loose smut of oats [Ustilago avenae (Pers.) Jens.]. This exceedingly common and destructive disease is very well known on account of the enormous damage which it yearly causes tO' oat crops. In the United States alone, losses of many millions of dollars year- ly, by oat smut, have been re- corded. The application of Jen- sen's Hot Water Method and the formalin treatments have in recent years greatly de- creased the loss by this disease. When an oat plant is at- tacked, usually all of the heads, and all of the grains in e Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4EWF/minnesota-plant-diseases-plant-diseases-minnesota-plant-diseases-293-loose-smut-of-oats-ustilago-avenae-pers-jens-this-exceedingly-common-and-destructive-disease-is-very-well-known-on-account-of-the-enormous-damage-which-it-yearly-causes-to-oat-crops-in-the-united-states-alone-losses-of-many-millions-of-dollars-year-ly-by-oat-smut-have-been-re-corded-the-application-of-jen-sens-hot-water-method-and-the-formalin-treatments-have-in-recent-years-greatly-de-creased-the-loss-by-this-disease-when-an-oat-plant-is-at-tacked-usually-all-of-the-heads-and-all-of-the-grains-in-e-PG4EWF.jpg ". Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases. 293 Loose smut of oats [Ustilago avenae (Pers.) Jens.]. This exceedingly common and destructive disease is very well known on account of the enormous damage which it yearly causes tO' oat crops. In the United States alone, losses of many millions of dollars year- ly, by oat smut, have been re- corded. The application of Jen- sen's Hot Water Method and the formalin treatments have in recent years greatly de- creased the loss by this disease. When an oat plant is at- tacked, usually all of the heads, and all of the grains in e Stock Photo")
RMPG4EWF–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. Minnesota Plant Diseases. 293 Loose smut of oats [Ustilago avenae (Pers.) Jens.]. This exceedingly common and destructive disease is very well known on account of the enormous damage which it yearly causes tO' oat crops. In the United States alone, losses of many millions of dollars year- ly, by oat smut, have been re- corded. The application of Jen- sen's Hot Water Method and the formalin treatments have in recent years greatly de- creased the loss by this disease. When an oat plant is at- tacked, usually all of the heads, and all of the grains in e
RF2KEAYD1–Potato leafhopper - Empoasca fabae - damages crops through direct feeding on the sap. It is a piercing-sucking insect that causes injury referred to a
RF2RN5A22–American common ragweed, full frame. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Close-up. Selective focus.
RMMCK9KY–. Fig. 19.—Sclerotial fungus that causes southern root rot. (From Ext. Cir. 118.) out in great abundance on the leaves, mostly on the lower surface. In bad cases, the plant is greatly injured and the crop ruined. This fungus disease, caused by Uromyces phaseoli var. iypica, is common in the state but causes the most serious damage on winter string beans, particularly the Kentucky Wonder variety, grown in frostless districts of southern California. Dusting or spraying with sulfur (p. 74) at the first appearance of rust is of some value in control but has never proved entirely satisfac- tory. Se
RM2AMY6MG–Health knowledge : a thorough and concise knowledge of the prevention, causes, and treatments of disease, simplified for home use . in the morning. A very light dietis advisable before taking the treatment. Polypody.—This is avery common fern, foundon mountains and rocksthroughout the UnitedStates, especially upnorth. It is used as anexpectorant and purga-tive. A syrup made fromthis plant is good forlung diseases. A strongdecoction given to chil-dren will expel worms.The root, given withother drugs, is used t«purify the blood. Silkweed or MilkwMd.—This grows plentifullythroughout the UnitedSta
RMPG4ERX–. Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. 188 DISEASES OF ECONOMIC PLANTS trance through slight imperfections of the skin at the navel end and make rotten areas under the skin. All diseased fruit should be collected and burned or buried deeply. Scab {Cladosporium elegans Penz.). — The scab has been. Fig. 81. —Scab of the sour orange. After Hume. known for twenty years, and occurs on the sour citrus fruits such as the pomelo, kumquat, and sour orange, though its presence on the last is of little importance. The disease attacks the young leaves, twigs, and fruit, and causes them to produce
RF2KEAYCD–Potato leafhopper - Empoasca fabae - damages crops through direct feeding on the sap. It is a piercing-sucking insect that causes injury referred to a
RF2RGX7MK–American common ragweed, full frame. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Close-up. Selective focus.
RMMCK9FR–. Fig. 93- Distribution of Guif^nardia acsculi (rk,) Stewart on horse chestnut in the U. S-, according to reports received.by the Plant Disease Survey. Leaf spot caused by Phyllosticta tiliae Sacc. ard Spe^. Pennsylvania - a moderate amount of damage. (LOO) Sun scorch Connecticut LOCUST (Robinia pseudaoacia) Yellow wood rot caused by Fones rinosus Perk. Oklahoma . MADROKA (Arbutus menziesii) Leaf spot caused by Uycosphaerella arbuticola Pk. Oregon - probably v/idespread in western and southern Orecon, causes little damage. (JSP) laONOLIA (Ka-nolia sp.) ^uithracnose caused by Colletotrichu.-r.
RM2AMYNN8–Health knowledge : a thorough and concise knowledge of the prevention, causes, and treatments of disease, simplified for home use . every two weeks. Comfrey.—This plant is a native of central Europe, and of late has been cultivated in the United States. It is used as an expectorant and stimulant, and is especially valuable in consump-tion. With other ingredients, it is given for coughs and colds in the form of a syrup. It is said to stop leucor- rhea.Deadly Nightshade (BeUadonna).— This herb is found growing in stony and shadyp la c e s,along oldwells andfences. The fruit is black and ripens i
![. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. PLANTS AS DISEASE PRODUCERS 3" Stubs were left which never healed over and through the exposed sur- face the fungi of wood decay gained easy access. The injuries produced by meteorologic causes are important. Entire forests have been levelled by tornadoes. Cracks are produced by wind action. Lightning opens a way by cracks to the interior. Snow and ice snap off large Umbs and hail stones bruise the bark and leaves of trees so that fungi can readily enter. Chemic substances are rath Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG44N9/a-text-book-of-mycology-and-plant-pathology-plant-diseases-fungi-in-agriculture-plant-diseases-fungi-plants-as-disease-producers-3quot-stubs-were-left-which-never-healed-over-and-through-the-exposed-sur-face-the-fungi-of-wood-decay-gained-easy-access-the-injuries-produced-by-meteorologic-causes-are-important-entire-forests-have-been-levelled-by-tornadoes-cracks-are-produced-by-wind-action-lightning-opens-a-way-by-cracks-to-the-interior-snow-and-ice-snap-off-large-umbs-and-hail-stones-bruise-the-bark-and-leaves-of-trees-so-that-fungi-can-readily-enter-chemic-substances-are-rath-PG44N9.jpg ". A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. PLANTS AS DISEASE PRODUCERS 3" Stubs were left which never healed over and through the exposed sur- face the fungi of wood decay gained easy access. The injuries produced by meteorologic causes are important. Entire forests have been levelled by tornadoes. Cracks are produced by wind action. Lightning opens a way by cracks to the interior. Snow and ice snap off large Umbs and hail stones bruise the bark and leaves of trees so that fungi can readily enter. Chemic substances are rath Stock Photo")
RMPG44N9–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. PLANTS AS DISEASE PRODUCERS 3" Stubs were left which never healed over and through the exposed sur- face the fungi of wood decay gained easy access. The injuries produced by meteorologic causes are important. Entire forests have been levelled by tornadoes. Cracks are produced by wind action. Lightning opens a way by cracks to the interior. Snow and ice snap off large Umbs and hail stones bruise the bark and leaves of trees so that fungi can readily enter. Chemic substances are rath
RF2KEAYCK–Potato leafhopper - Empoasca fabae - damages crops through direct feeding on the sap. It is a piercing-sucking insect that causes injury referred to a
RF2RGRRAF–American common ragweed. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Close-up. Copy space. Selective focus.
RM2AMYBD9–Health knowledge : a thorough and concise knowledge of the prevention, causes, and treatments of disease, simplified for home use . e given. The dose of theoil is three drops. Jaborandi is the leaf of a SouthAmerican plant. It contains an alka-loid, pilocarpine, upon which its actiondepends. When taken internally, pilo-carpine causes a flushing of the skin,followed by profuse perspiration, com-mencing upon the face and neck andlater spreading over the whole body.It also causes a great flow of saliva. In larger doses, it slows thepulse and weakens the hearts action. It is mainly administeredto
RMPG44PR–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. GENERAL CONSIDERATION OF PLANT DISEASES 275 matic and meteorologic conditions may be influential, when these dis- turb the normal life of the plant. Light, heat, cold, rain, dew, hail, frost, wind and lightning play an important role. The gaseous emana- tions from gas pipes, smelter works, smokestacks, including soot, dust from cement works, acids, poisons, and dye stuffs, which pollute streams, all are determining causes of disease. Traumatism or mechanic injury may be of various sorts
RF2KEAYCR–Potato leafhopper - Empoasca fabae - damages crops through direct feeding on the sap. It is a piercing-sucking insect that causes injury referred to a
RF2RY5C8W–American common ragweed against blue sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Selective fo
RF2H88P2D–Potato leafhopper - Empoasca fabae - damages crops through direct feeding on the sap. It is a piercing-sucking insect that causes injury.
RM2AMYT3X–Health knowledge : a thorough and concise knowledge of the prevention, causes, and treatments of disease, simplified for home use . ief use is for blistering, and it may be applied as a plas-ter, in a paste, or painted on in ethereal solution called liquorepispasticus. Very small doses are sometimes given to stimulatethe action of the kidneys. Licorice.—This is found mostly in southern Europe. It hasbeen cultivated in England especially for medicinal use. Theroot of this plant is at present used principally to relieve coughsand check inflammation of the lungs. It is made up as a decoc-tion wit
RMPG4GNP–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 141 It causes a rot of the grape, much dreaded in Europe, attacking leaves, fruit and stem. The fungus can persist long as a sapro- phyte in the conidial condition. Sclerotia are borne within the affected tissues. On germination they may either produce the conidia directly or form apothecia. Both ascospores and conidia are capable of infecting the grape but infection is much more certain from a vigorous mycelium (see S. libertiana, p. 142). Attachment organs, c. f. Fig. 93, which consist of close
RF2RNF3DJ–American common ragweed against blue clear sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Select
RF2H88P3K–Potato leafhopper - Empoasca fabae - damages crops through direct feeding on the sap. It is a piercing-sucking insect that causes injury.
RF2K8CA5A–Fusarium ear rot symptoms on kernels. A serious disease of maize caused by a fungus Fusarium. F. verticillioides. Causes significant grain yield losse
RM2AX4BM2–Horticulture, a text book for high schools and normals, including plant propagation; . Fig. 176.—A winter cover crop m THE GRAPEVINE ROOT-BORER 249 The grapevine phylloxera attacks both the leaves and the rootsof the grapes. It is seldom serious except in California and inforeign grape growing regions. This is true at least of the rootforms. Leaf-galls are often found on American grapes in othersections. When the roots are seriously attacked, they are appa-rently poisoned by the insect and decay follows. The vines are. Fig. 17; -Downy mildew disease causes green fruit to become hard and dry; t
RMPG4EJ4–. Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. 29:^ DISEASES OF ECONOMIC PLANTS gradually extend in all directions, involving the whole root. Older spots, 2-5 cm. across, often break or crack irregulurlj' near the center. This deca}^ differs from the soft rot in that the spots are dry and hard and that it is present upon the roots before digging. With the hand lens very small, hairlike, black structures, 1 mm. high, are seen studding the centers of the diseased areas. These are the beaks of the pycnicha of the causal fungus. Upon young sprouts before they are set out tiie disease causes black
RF2RNF3E4–American common ragweed against blue sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Selective fo
RF2K8CA7N–Fusarium ear rot symptoms on kernels. A serious disease of maize caused by a fungus Fusarium. F. verticillioides. Causes significant grain yield losse
RF2HJ9GXY–Onion damaged by fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum. It causes the rotting of onions on which mites appear and their natural enemies.
RM2AKKNNJ–Some diseases of the cowpea . Fig. 1.—Iron Cowpea in Asparagus Field infected with Cowpea Wilt. #• i, %fM/?K. ., - F)G. 2.—Iron Cowpea in Peach Orchard infected with Cowpea Wilt. II. A COWPEA RESISTANT TO ROOT-KNOT HETERODERA RADICJCOLA). By Herbert J. Webber, Physiologist, and W. A. Orton, Assistant Pathologist.INTRODUCTION. Root-knot, or root-gall, as it is ordinarily termed, is one of the mostcommon and destructive plant diseases in the southern United States.The disease is caused by the attacks of a nematode, Heterodera radici-cola (Greef.), Mull.,1 which enters the roots and causes larg
RMPG4ETR–. Diseases of economic plants . Plant diseases. SMALL FRUITS 171 side may cause distortion, cracking, and exposure of the seeds. Upon the leaves the dead spots are usually bordered by a fine black line, and as the leaf grows the dead tissue of the spot may rupture irregularly. Badly anthracnosed canes must be cut out and burned, and cleansing sprays should be used. Necrosis {Fusicoccum viticolum Reddick). — This disease is said by Reddick ^ to cause perhaps 50 per cent of the death of vines usually attributed to root worm or other causes. It has been noted in New York, Ohio, Georgia, Indi- ana
RF2RMXPBB–American common ragweed against blue clear sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Select
RF2HJ9GT0–Onion damaged by fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum. It causes the rotting of onions on which mites appear and their natural enemies.
RM2AWMB77–Journal of agricultural research . er leaf,in the medium-early field. A comparison of the death rate of the leaves in the two fields beforeand after the disease appeared shows its destructiveness. For instance,in the early and medium-early fields, from July 7 to 29 and from July 2to August 25, when no leaves were killed by the fungus, the death ratefrom normal causes was approximately one leaf per plant in three andfour days, respectively; while from July 29 to August 15 and August 25to September 19, when the disease was most severe in the two fields, thedeath rate averaged one leaf per plant
RMPG44M9–. A text-book of mycology and plant pathology . Plant diseases; Fungi in agriculture; Plant diseases; Fungi. SYMPTOMS OF DISEASE (SYMPTOMATOLOGY) 347 • trees of great age are formed by the action of the climate of high mountains, or by growth in porous sand on exposed sea dunes. Atro- phy, or the non-formation of parts, or organs, is a phase of dwarfing. It is seen in the dwindling of organs in size, as the result of various causes, such as the attack of fungi. The carpels of Anemone are atrophied in plants infested by JScidium and the whole flower is sup- pressed when the cherry is attacked b
RF2RY5C8M–American common ragweed against blue sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Selective fo
RF2HJ9GYH–Onion damaged by fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum. It causes the rotting of onions on which mites appear and their natural enemies.
RM2AX93B8–Diseases & insects of the home garden . part by spraying the plants every week with Bordeaux mixture (see page 27). Begin to apjjly the spray about the middle of July, or whenever the vines begin to run.Preventimi.—Do not plant cucumbers on soil where cu-cumbers or m u s k m e 1 o n s were grown the previous year.DOWNY MILDEW.—This disease of cucumbers and muskmelons first appears on the leaves in late summer. It causes small, angular, yel-lowish spots. In moist, warm weather it makes the leaves curl up and die in a few days. The oldest leaves show the trouble first. The disease is often very
![. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 123 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE fusion of two nuclei as is general among the Ascomycetes. The spore-nuclei arise by repeated mitoses of the primary nucleus. Affected leaves, fruit and twigs become swollen and much dis- torted; wrinkled, curled, arched, puckered. In woody twigs the mycelium often induces unnatural, profuse, tufted branching result- ing in "witches brooms" though such structures often arise from irrita^ tion due to other causes. Many attempts have been made to arrange the species in natural genera; Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4GT5/the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-plant-diseases-fungi-123-the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-fusion-of-two-nuclei-as-is-general-among-the-ascomycetes-the-spore-nuclei-arise-by-repeated-mitoses-of-the-primary-nucleus-affected-leaves-fruit-and-twigs-become-swollen-and-much-dis-torted-wrinkled-curled-arched-puckered-in-woody-twigs-the-mycelium-often-induces-unnatural-profuse-tufted-branching-result-ing-in-quotwitches-broomsquot-though-such-structures-often-arise-from-irrita-tion-due-to-other-causes-many-attempts-have-been-made-to-arrange-the-species-in-natural-genera-PG4GT5.jpg ". The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 123 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE fusion of two nuclei as is general among the Ascomycetes. The spore-nuclei arise by repeated mitoses of the primary nucleus. Affected leaves, fruit and twigs become swollen and much dis- torted; wrinkled, curled, arched, puckered. In woody twigs the mycelium often induces unnatural, profuse, tufted branching result- ing in "witches brooms" though such structures often arise from irrita^ tion due to other causes. Many attempts have been made to arrange the species in natural genera; Stock Photo")
RMPG4GT5–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 123 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE fusion of two nuclei as is general among the Ascomycetes. The spore-nuclei arise by repeated mitoses of the primary nucleus. Affected leaves, fruit and twigs become swollen and much dis- torted; wrinkled, curled, arched, puckered. In woody twigs the mycelium often induces unnatural, profuse, tufted branching result- ing in "witches brooms" though such structures often arise from irrita^ tion due to other causes. Many attempts have been made to arrange the species in natural genera;
RF2RN5A9B–American common ragweed against blue sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Selective fo
RF2HJ9GXT–Onion damaged by fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum. It causes the rotting of onions on which mites appear and their natural enemies.
RM2CD8WDT–. Gunn's New domestic physician, or, Home book of health : a complete guide for families, giving many valuable suggestions for avoiding disease and prolonging life, and pointing out in familiar language the causes, symptoms, treatment and cure of the diseases incident to men, women and children : with the simplest and best remedies, also, describing minutely the properties and uses of hundreds of well-known medicinal plants . norrhea or painful menstruation. Dose of theOil, from five to fifteen or twenty drops on a little Sugar. Comfrey—(Symphytum Officinale).—This plant is also a native ofEur
RMPG4EP7–. Minnesota plant diseases. Plant diseases. 325 Minnesota Plant Diseases. >ft<f ife; «' The leaf blight of celery (Cercospora apii Fr.). The fungus, causing this disease is a loose spored, imperfect fungus. It causes the formation of red- dish to brownish spots on the leaves, which may spread and increase in size until the leaf is seriously injured. The fungus thrives well on plants in dry || situations and is particularly ! effective against young plants. When badly affected the leaf turns yellow and finally brown. Spots may also appear on the stem. The spores arise from upright fungus-
RF2RN5A9W–American common ragweed against blue sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Selective fo
RF2HJ9GRF–Onion damaged by fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum. It causes the rotting of onions on which mites appear and their natural enemies.
RM2CENE4H–. Agriculture for southern schools. of a cotton plant that has been attacked bywilt, the woody portion is darkened or streaked with veryfine black lines. These black lines are the water-carryingvessels that have become stopped up by the growth of thefungus. Their stoppage causes the plantto wilt for lack of water. A dark layeroccurs just under the bark (Fig. 161).The germs of the disease enter the plantthrough the roots. Cotton wilt is gener-ally considered worse on land where thetiny worms that produce knots on theroots are present. The germs probablyenter more readily through the woundsmade
RMPG0RB5–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 498 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Fusicoccum Corda (p. 483) Stroma subepidermal, several-chambered, erumpent, leathery, black; conidia fusoid, straight and usually large. Some forty species, several of which are regarded as conidial forms of Diaporthe and Gnomonia. F. veronense Massal on Sycamore and Oak=Gnomonia veneta. See p. 274. F. viticolum Red. on grape=Cryptosporella viticola. See p. 280. 0?^. Fig. 343.—F. viticolum, compound pycnidium, germinating spores, pa- raphyses. After Reddick. F. amygdali Del. causes a spot dis
RF2RGRRA2–American common ragweed against blue clear sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Select
RF2HJ9GY0–Onion damaged by fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum. It causes the rotting of onions on which mites appear and their natural enemies.
RM2CE6EDN–. The National Civic Federation review . t of aneedle, and very much too small to be seen by thenaked eye. This plant, as I have just said, takes rootin the lung, and the juice which it makes poisons thepatient and causes the disease in the lung. This plant is very common In the spittle of thosewho do not have pneumonia; on an average aboutone-fifth of the people who are not sick carry thisplant around in their spittle. Now, if a man havingthis plant in his spittle becomes much depressedfrom any cause, such as a bad cold, or attack ofmalaria, or any other severe exposure, the plant isenabled t
RMPG45GJ–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Fia. 416.—Sporodesmium antiquum. After Sac- caxdo. S. exitiosum var. solani Schenck is reported as the cause of a potato disease. S. solani-varians Yanha is the cause of potato disease in Europe, the foliage bearing brown spots and finally dying in a manner resembling death caused by Phytophthora. Cladosporium and pycnidial forms are said to exist. S. mucosum Sacc. was reported by Ader- holt on cucumber fruit and leaves causing disease. S. scorzonerae Aderh. causes a salsify stem and leaf disease.'^* Other parasitic species are: S.
RF2RGGFJJ–American common ragweed against blue cloudless sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Se
RF2HJ9GRT–Onion damaged by fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum. It causes the rotting of onions on which mites appear and their natural enemies.
RM2CEH0JP–. Plant propagation; greenhouse and nursery practice. as proved that with certain varieties of grapes used as cions, CLASSICS Ol (I I I I .(,S 119 i^rafting not only causes spccilic variations l)Ut tliat these varia-tions maj he i)eri)etuate(l hy cuttings. V^ariations in the vegetativeliarts also seem to he accompanied hy variations in the root system. 174. Browning of grape cuttingsis due to hacteria and is con-sidered a disease, hut P. iala and L. Ravaz, French investigators,say it is without pathoU^gical effect. Externally the cuttings re-tain their normal color and when grafted readily m
RMPG4GRF–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. 132 THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE Mitnila sclerotiorum Rost.^* which causes a disease of alfalfa in Denmark is the only pathogen of the family. The infected plants die and later the roots and stems be- come filled with black sclerotia which lie dormant about a year. Fig. 89. — Mitrula. B, habit UpOn resuming growth they be- sketch; F, asci. After Schroter. , , i- i . j i come covered by light red eleva^ tions, which bear small light red ascocarps.. Rhizinacese (p. 131) Key to Genera of Rhizinacese Spores elliptic or spindle-s
RF2RGBECC–American common ragweed against blue cloudless sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Se
RF2HJ9GRJ–Onion damaged by fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum. It causes the rotting of onions on which mites appear and their natural enemies.
RMRPB4G5–. The American florist : a weekly journal for the trade. Floriculture; Florists. Fig. 3 Fig. 3—An isolated conceptacle from which spores are escaping: magnified 127 diam. That the right environment is essential to the welfare of a plant we shall all agree; not only the atmosphere, but the soil also must be of fitting condition to ensure excellerce. If we were students of biology and could ascertain with mote precision the parentage of varieties that come under our care and also the various conditions of their growth, we could determine with more certainty the causes of disease and the chances
RMPG45W9–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 411 T. laciniata Pers. injures various trees by its leathery incrustations. T. galactina Fr. Resupinate, broadly effused, encrusted, smooth, milky in color. The root rot on oak is in tj'-pe much like that caused by Armillaria. Fiu. 296.—Telephora laciniata. After Clements. mellea. It also causes a root rot of apple trees throughout the Central States.*^ Hymenochaetae noxia Berk, is a practically omnivorous ftmgus attacking hevea, cacao, tea, dadap, castilloa, Caravonica cotton, bread fruit, camph
RF2RGX7MY–American common ragweed against blue clear sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Select
RF2HJ9GTH–Onion damaged by fungal disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum. It causes the rotting of onions on which feeding larvae four-spotted sap beetle.
RF2WTCBCK–Pear sucker Cacopsylla pest of European pear - Pyrus communis causes leaves rolled or folded in orchards and gardens.
RF2HKAMTH–Pear sucker Cacopsylla pyrisuga is a pest of European pear - Pyrus communis causes leaves rolled or folded in orchards and gardens.
RF2J3XB7W–Pear sucker Cacopsylla pyrisuga is a pest of European pear - Pyrus communis (pear sucker) causes leaves rolled or folded in orchards and gardens.
RMRDXRXW–. Plant life and plant uses; an elementary textbook, a foundation for the study of agriculture, domestic science or college botany. Botany. FUNGI 375 other plants and animals, and it has been a question whether to consider them plants or animals, but it is customary now to class them among plants as a special group of the fungi. Bacteria are the direct causes of most of the diseases of men and of other animals. The study of bacteria is a special subject called bacteriology, and it is by means of learning the habits of bacteria that our most effective meth- ods of preventing and curing disease
![. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Rhizinacese (p. 131) Key to Genera of Rhizinacese Spores elliptic or spindle-shaped" Without rhizoid-like structures 1. Psilopezia. With rhizoid-like structures 2. Rhizina, p. 132. Spores globose 3. Sphserosoma. Only one genus, Rhizina, causes disease. Rhizina Fries with some eight species is recognized by its- crust- formed, sessile, flat ascophore with root-like outgrowths from the lower side. Fig. 90. Asci cylindrical, 8- spored, opening by a lid; spores one- celled, hyaline; paraphyses many. It is often purely saprophytic, Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG4GPX/the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-plant-diseases-fungi-rhizinacese-p-131-key-to-genera-of-rhizinacese-spores-elliptic-or-spindle-shapedquot-without-rhizoid-like-structures-1-psilopezia-with-rhizoid-like-structures-2-rhizina-p-132-spores-globose-3-sphserosoma-only-one-genus-rhizina-causes-disease-rhizina-fries-with-some-eight-species-is-recognized-by-its-crust-formed-sessile-flat-ascophore-with-root-like-outgrowths-from-the-lower-side-fig-90-asci-cylindrical-8-spored-opening-by-a-lid-spores-one-celled-hyaline-paraphyses-many-it-is-often-purely-saprophytic-PG4GPX.jpg ". The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Rhizinacese (p. 131) Key to Genera of Rhizinacese Spores elliptic or spindle-shaped" Without rhizoid-like structures 1. Psilopezia. With rhizoid-like structures 2. Rhizina, p. 132. Spores globose 3. Sphserosoma. Only one genus, Rhizina, causes disease. Rhizina Fries with some eight species is recognized by its- crust- formed, sessile, flat ascophore with root-like outgrowths from the lower side. Fig. 90. Asci cylindrical, 8- spored, opening by a lid; spores one- celled, hyaline; paraphyses many. It is often purely saprophytic, Stock Photo")
RMPG4GPX–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. Rhizinacese (p. 131) Key to Genera of Rhizinacese Spores elliptic or spindle-shaped" Without rhizoid-like structures 1. Psilopezia. With rhizoid-like structures 2. Rhizina, p. 132. Spores globose 3. Sphserosoma. Only one genus, Rhizina, causes disease. Rhizina Fries with some eight species is recognized by its- crust- formed, sessile, flat ascophore with root-like outgrowths from the lower side. Fig. 90. Asci cylindrical, 8- spored, opening by a lid; spores one- celled, hyaline; paraphyses many. It is often purely saprophytic,
RF2RGGFJY–American common ragweed against blue cloudless sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Se
RF2J3XBRY–Pear sucker Cacopsylla pyrisuga is a pest of European pear - Pyrus communis (pear sucker) causes leaves rolled or folded in orchards and gardens.
RMRDYXP5–. Goldfish breeds and other aquarium fishes, their care and propagation; a guide to freshwater and marine aquaria, their fauna, flora and management. Aquariums; Goldfish. AILMENTS AND DISEASES. such number's that the water is not sufficiently aerated, or which have been bruised and otherwise injured, enfeebled from lack of food, or have suffered from constant excitement. Carelessness of their comfort, lack of proper care while in the hands of dealers, unsanitary conditions, insufficient plant life, decay of the plants and food, overstocking and similar causes, will also produce the disease; as
RMPG03DF–. Field crops for the cotton-belt. Agriculture. ENEMIES AND ^DISEASES OF CORN 271 ones of importance are corn-smut (Ustilago zea) and different kinds of ear-rots. 327. Corn-smut -(Fig. 45) often causes enormous en- largements on the ear, tassel, or stem of the corn plant. The infection usually does not occur until the plaflts are a foot or more high. The spores of the disease are carried over in the soil so that when land becomes infected with corn-smut it is likely to injure the crop each year unless some crop other than corn be grown, or unless precautions are taken to cut out and burn all i
RF2RGGFKG–American common ragweed against blue cloudless sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Se
RF2J3XB6E–Pear sucker Cacopsylla pyrisuga is a pest of European pear - Pyrus communis (pear sucker) causes leaves rolled or folded in orchards and gardens.
RMRDHEJD–. Plant life and plant uses; an elementary textbook, a foundation for the study of agriculture, domestic science or college botany. Botany. FUNGI 375 other plants and animals, and it has been a question whether to consider them plants or animals, but it is customary now to class them among plants as a special group of the fungi. Bacteria are the direct causes of most of the diseases of men and of other animals. The study of bacteria is a special subject called bacteriology, and it is by means of learning the habits of bacteria that our most effective meth- ods of preventing and curing disease
RMPG0RDP–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNCa WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 457 The sporophores are borne in clusters in autumn on the ground or on the bark. The spores, so^^-n in plum decoction, develop a mycelium which soon produces rhizomorphs. These advancing give off delicate hyphffi which may penetrate into the host. The mvcelium spreads. Fig. 325.—Aiuiillaria mellea. After Clements. most rapidly through the medullary raj^s and from them into other tissue elements. A. fuscipes Fetch causes a root disease of Acacia in Ceylon. A. mucida (Schrad.) Quel, is reported as
RF2RHD80C–American common ragweed against blue clear sky. Dangerous plant. Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, allergic rhinitis. Copy space. Select
RF2K9X7BF–American common ragweed, full frame. Young bushes have not yet bloomed ambrosia. Dangerous plant, Ambrosia shrubs that causes allergic reactions, alle
RF2GA8GG7–American common ragweed. Young bush have not yet bloomed ambrosia on side of asphalt road. Dangerous plant, Ambrosia shrubs
RF2J3XB74–Pear sucker Cacopsylla pyrisuga is a pest of European pear - Pyrus communis (pear sucker) causes leaves rolled or folded in orchards and gardens.
RMRGKK3K–. Bulletin - Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station. Agriculture -- Massachusetts. II the stems near the surface of the soil most severely. This causes the plant to wilt, but the disease has apparently not been common enough to cause much injury. At the present time (U»l()) a serious and very destructive Fusarium wilt similar to that found on tomatoes, has destroyed a number of indoor crops of cucum- bers in the Xortheastern United States. Much injury has been done to field tomatoes in Missouri, Illinois' and other States by this wilt, but no efficient method of control has been discove
![. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 567. Myceliophthora Costant (p. 566) Sterile hyphse creeping, simple or somewhat branched, bearing conidia at the apex; conidia solitary, acrogenous, ovoid. ^^^ A single species M. lutea Costant. " causes disease of cultivated mush- rooms in France."' ,^—,, Ophiocladium Cavara (p. 566) '"^^I^^^'C^ Fertile hyphse fasciculate, tor- G -vC tuose; conidia acrogenous, ellip- Fia.381.—O. hordeiaccrvulus and J.. spores. After Cavara. Two species of which one, O. hordei Cav., parasitizes ba Stock Photo](https://c8.alamy.com/comp/PG45M1/the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-plant-diseases-fungi-the-fungi-which-cause-plant-disease-567-myceliophthora-costant-p-566-sterile-hyphse-creeping-simple-or-somewhat-branched-bearing-conidia-at-the-apex-conidia-solitary-acrogenous-ovoid-a-single-species-m-lutea-costant-quot-causes-disease-of-cultivated-mush-rooms-in-francequot-ophiocladium-cavara-p-566-quotic-fertile-hyphse-fasciculate-tor-g-vc-tuose-conidia-acrogenous-ellip-fia381o-hordeiaccrvulus-and-j-spores-after-cavara-two-species-of-which-one-o-hordei-cav-parasitizes-ba-PG45M1.jpg ". The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 567. Myceliophthora Costant (p. 566) Sterile hyphse creeping, simple or somewhat branched, bearing conidia at the apex; conidia solitary, acrogenous, ovoid. ^^^ A single species M. lutea Costant. " causes disease of cultivated mush- rooms in France."' ,^—,, Ophiocladium Cavara (p. 566) '"^^I^^^'C^ Fertile hyphse fasciculate, tor- G -vC tuose; conidia acrogenous, ellip- Fia.381.—O. hordeiaccrvulus and J.. spores. After Cavara. Two species of which one, O. hordei Cav., parasitizes ba Stock Photo")
RMPG45M1–. The fungi which cause plant disease . Plant diseases; Fungi. THE FUNGI WHICH CAUSE PLANT DISEASE 567. Myceliophthora Costant (p. 566) Sterile hyphse creeping, simple or somewhat branched, bearing conidia at the apex; conidia solitary, acrogenous, ovoid. ^^^ A single species M. lutea Costant. " causes disease of cultivated mush- rooms in France."' ,^—,, Ophiocladium Cavara (p. 566) '"^^I^^^'C^ Fertile hyphse fasciculate, tor- G -vC tuose; conidia acrogenous, ellip- Fia.381.—O. hordeiaccrvulus and J.. spores. After Cavara. Two species of which one, O. hordei Cav., parasitizes ba
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